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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/118481
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50 Cent — Problem Child lyrics
[50 Cent]
That´s the sound of the man, cockin´ that thang - that thaaaang
That´s the sound of the man, clappin´ that thang - thaaang
See the flash, you heard the shot, you feel the burnin´, I got ya
Say a prayer for me if you care for me cuz I´m on the edge
I´m finna put a shell in a nigga head
The fifth got a rubber grip and a beam on it
Homie that took the hit on me couldn´t shoot this
Say I´m skinny now, but I look big in the coupe-dee
Got shot the fuck up tryin´ to rob the wrong Mexicans
I write my lifestyle, y´all niggas is cheaters
Your lines come from feds, felons and don diva
Oh you the black hand of death, then why your name ain´t preacher
If you a pimp like kid, why them hoes don´t treat ya
This flow´s God sent, it´s bound to reach ya
Problem child, I´m familiar with problems
I know how to solve em
Semi-automatic, luger tray, revolve em
Shoot em up, rob em
In the hood we starvin, you don´t want problems
Problem child
[Bridge] [Singing]
And why can´t you be man enough
To tell me where you´re comin´ from
[50 Cent]
They say you can never repay the price for takin´ a man´s life
I´m in debt with Christ, I done did that twice
I´m nice, y´all niggas can´t hang wit fifty
+Blaaat+, y´all niggas can´t bang wit fifty
Say I´m born to rhyme, there´s a shell and a nine
For every stone in the cross, there´s a bitch I tossed
See the wounds in my skin they from a war of course
See the drama got me ridin´ with a sawed-off shottie
Man, niggas ain´t gon´ do me like Sammy did Gotti
I do it myself, I don´t need no help
Give me a knife, I´ll get rid of your neighborhood bully
Give me a minute, I´ll take a fuckin´ car with a pully
See the hood is the deepest stole my innocence young
Niggas jumped me cuz they couldn´t beat me one-on-one
[Hook] [2x]
[50 Cent]
I must´ve broke a mirror at three and had bad luck for seven
Cuz pops slid, mommy died before I turned eleven
This cities split ´posed to let black cats cross your path
The footprints in the sand is Satan carryin´ your ass
I got "God Understand Me" tattooed in my skin
When I die, come back, I´ma tattoo it again
I´m the young buck that let the gun buck
Roll the window down and say: "´Sup up, niggas get ready to duck"
My heart is a house homie, fear don´t live here
Nigga believe me when I say I don´t care
Muslims mix a lot, God studied they lessons
Even when my luck´s hard I still count my blessings
See that look in my eye, ya betta keep on steppin´
Spent time on my cell floor, to sharpen my weapon
If you pussy I´ma smell you when you come around here
Them boys in Pelican Bay couldn´t live in my tier
[ Lyrics from: http://www.lyricsty.com/50-cent-problem-child-lyrics.html ]
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/118520
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NameFuchigami T. & Sasaki T. 2005. The shell structure of the Recent Patellogastropoda (Mollusca: Gastropoda. Paleontological Research 9(2): 143-168
Type Publication
AbstractThe shell microstructure of 44 species belonging to 19 genera and 5 families of Patellogastropoda was observed by scanning electron microscopy on the basis of material mainly from the Northwest Pacific. As a result, 17 microstructures of prismatic, crossed, and lamellar structures were recognized. The comparison among species revealed 20 shell structure groups which are defined by microstructures and shell layer arrangement. The relations between taxa and shell structural composition indicate that the Recent patellogastropods generally have distinctive and stable shell structures at the genus level. This high level of consistency provides a firm basis for the application of shell structural characters to identify fossil patellogastropods. However, the evolutionary process of microstructures and homology across different shell layers are mostly ambiguous in the absence of robust phylogeny and undoubted positional criteria for comparison. More studies from phylogenetic, ontogenetic and mineralogical viewpoints should be undertaken to discuss the process of shell structure diversification in patellogastropods.
Checked: verified by a taxonomic editorPatellogastropoda (additional source)
Date action by
2013-01-12 18:30:12Z created db_admin
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/118523
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Creative Samples Library
Fairchild Semiconductor Inc. International:
Real-world day-long seminars: Reminder email
Note: This sample is from the MarketingSherpa article:
Case Study: Results Data & Useful Ideas from Fairchild Semiconductor's Seminar and Webinar Tests
Note: This is a screenshot; links will not work.
MarketingSherpa Creative Sample
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/118531
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Bob Gould, 2002
Stalinism and literary culture, particularly in Australia
Source: Marxmail, December 6, 2002
Proofreading, editing, mark-up: Steve Painter
A while back on Marxmail Dave Riley, a DSP old hand from Brisbane, posted an interesting piece in which he criticised Trotsky’s views on literature because Trotsky didn’t, in his view, make a serious or sympathetic study of Stalinist socialist realism in literature. I reject Riley’s view on these literary questions, and I find it difficult to understand how he could have arrived at them from any assessment of the experience of left-wing literary culture in Australia, which is long and complex.
Firstly, Trotsky’s general view, expressed in Literature and Revolution and in the collection of essays published by Pathfinder Press, Leon Trotsky on Literature and Art, generally stands the test of time.
Secondly, the struggle in the 1930s and 1940s of the Marxist writers, intellectuals and others against the Stalinist current in Western literature and in favour of complexity, diversity and modernism, was a necessary one.
In my piece arguing with Keith Windschuttle, I list a large number of the books written about these intellectual upheavals, especially in the US, in the 1930s and 1940s, but I would rely particularly on the work of Alan Wald, especially his book on James T. Farrell, and his very important book The New York Intellectuals.
In general, I stand with James T. Farrell and the more left-wing of the New York intellectuals against the Stalinist literary culture of the 1930s and 1940s, with which I am fairly familiar because this Stalinist literary culture was very influential in the left wing of the labour movement in Australia, and a number of Australian writers became part of this Stalinist literary culture, and they produced an indigenous Australian version of it.
Some of the Communist literary critics of the 1930s, such as Christopher Caudwell and Ralph Fox, produced works of great value, but their work of value is actually contradictory to the main thrust of Stalinist Social Realism. Most of the literature of Stalinist social realism published in the Stalin period in the USSR is bizarre rubbish, and most novels written in the West under the influence of this Stalinist school, with its constant upbeat emphasis on “positive heroes”, are mosly worthless.
The theorising of this school is culturally sterile. I’ve just dug out the classic Western statement of social realism, published in Australia by Current Books in 1952, Howard Fast’s Literature and Reality. This book, along with the cultural criticism of another North American, V.J. Jerome, circulated widely in Australia in Communist Party cultural circles, which were important in Australian cultural life.
Three or four years after he wrote that book, Howard Fast was among those who broke with Stalinism after the 20th Congress of the CPSU and Hungary, and his book about the Communist Party and writers, The Naked God, is of some interest in getting an insight into the internal dynamics of socialist realism.
Some novels produced by Communists in English-speaking countries were of considerable literary and working-class interest and value. Stefan Heym’s Goldsborough, about a strike; and Alexander Saxton’s The Great Midland, both avoid the worst aspects of Stalinist social realism to produce something that’s useful, exciting and readable.
That can’t be said for most of the literature of this genre. The engagement of Australian writers with the Communist movement and Stalinism was contradictory and complex. For a start, four left-wing women writers stood out in the 1930s and 1940s, and Drusilla Modjeska wrote a useful book about the four of them. They were Katherine Susannah Pritchard (who remained a Stalinist until she died), Kylie Tennant, Jean Devanny and Eleanor Dark.
Dark was a kind of leftist fellow traveller of the CP, who wrote careful novels of Australian life and history. Kylie Tennant was the most interesting and useful. She was a critical left Social Democrat who fell foul of the CP, but her two political novels, Ride On Stranger and Foveaux and her autobiography, The Missing Heir, provide an indispensable picture of the left of the labour movement in the 1930s.
Jean Devanny was a very good writer, not particularly social realist, and a devoted CP militant who fell foul of the apparatus, was expelled and later rejoined. She actually wrote two versions of an autobiography about her encounter with the Communist Party, which weren’t published until after her death.
The Queensland former ISO academic, the redoubtable Carol Ferrier, has made a veritable small industry out of studying the life of Devanny in a useful and creative way, researching and publishing the autobiography. Carol Ferrier has written and published the major biography of Jean Devanny. Her work on Devanny illuminates and underlines the real conflicts that existed between creative writing and Stalinism.
The Stalinist literary culture in Australia was expressed in the foundation of the magazine Overland, and the Realist Writers Groups in a number of cities, and the long-lived activity of the New Theatre in the arena of drama.
Many Australian left-wing writers, playwrights, actors, musicians and historians were involved in this leftist political culture, which was heavily influenced by Stalinism. There was constant conflict in these circles, particularly over the concept of Stalinist social realism. A large number of important Australian writers emerged in these circles: Frank Hardy, Eric Lambert, Dorothy Hewett, the four female writers already mentioned, John Morrison, Judah Waten, Oriel Gray, Bernard Smith (Australia’s foremost art critic) and a great many others.
Many of these people became enormously influential in Australian cultural life and only a few of them, in their maturity, could be grouped within the framework of social realism, mainly Judah Waten and John Morrison, and Dorothy Hewett and Frank Hardy in their earlier phases. All these people were pretty good writers, and even their social realist output generally transcended the bounds of the positive hero notion. Their key characters, including their key communist characters, tended to be human beings, warts and all.
I was a very young, callow, neophyte of some of these writers, most of whom are now dead, as a member of the Sydney Realist Writers’ Group in the mid-1950s.
I never got to be much of a creative writer because political agitation took over and consumed my life, and most of what I’ve written subsequently has been agitational and political journalism rather than creative writing, although at a late age I may try my hand at the novel we’ve all got in the back of our heads.
Most of these writers privately laughed in despair at the Stalinist model of social realism. The history of their creative conflicts with each other and with the political movement of Stalinism as it evolved is of enormous intrinsic interest.
The three most successful Communist novelists were Eric Lambert, Frank Hardy and Dorothy Hewett. There was a certain rivalry between Lambert and Hardy because they both had early literary successes. Lambert wrote the classic Australian novel of World War II, The Twenty Thousand Thieves, a Rabellaisian book about army life, which was a runaway best-seller because of the way it captured the life of soldiers in the Australian army, and many of them bought the book.
It had something in common with the later book Catch 22, by Joseph Heller. It was hardly Stalinist social realism because it was so irreverent and the people in it weren’t exactly “positive heroes”. Privately, the Stalinist leaders hated it. In 1956 Lambert happened to be in London at the time of the Hungarian uprising and rushed to Hungary, witnessed the uprising and sent back moving and angry reports on the events to Tribune, the CPA paper.
After these were angrily rejected by Tribune, Lambert sent them to the bourgeois tabloid, The Telegraph, which published them. Lambert was drummed out of the Stalinist movement very summarily, with Frank Hardy leading the charge among the writers.
Lambert stayed in Britain, wrote some more novels, and died young in the 1960s. His life has been movingly described by his longtime friend Zoe O’ Leary, in a short biography, A Desolate Market.
Frank Hardy was the mega-success of all Australian Communist writers. His first book, Power Without Glory, was a long, rambling, slightly disjointed book written by committee, so to speak, with the primary political aim of exposing the Grouper Catholic Action movement in the Labor Party, and Hardy contributed his talents in the form of a great grab-bag of sporting, political and other gossip and anecdotage.
Despite its literary defects, this sprawling book captured the atmosphere of working class life over a long period and came at a time when the issues under discussion were reaching a climax in the labour movement.
Power Without Glory became the all-time best-selling Australian political novel, and still finds a wide readership. Hardy then wrote a really bad travelogue about the Soviet Union in 1952, called A Journey Into the Future, which people who want to get a taste of high-Stalinist literary culture should study carefully.
Hardy then had a certain amount of writer’s block, but later started writing books of yarns about Australian life and he showed an enormous talent for this kind of semi-journalistic writing. His yarning became very popular and he became a television personality as the cultural barriers of the Cold War disintegrated in the 1960s. Not very social realist, really.
In the mid-1960s Hardy went to the Soviet Union again, and his outlook began to change. He returned to Australia around the time of the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, took a strong stand against the invasion, and wrote a very moving and useful piece of journalism, The Heirs of Stalin, based on his experiences in the USSR and eastern Europe.
Hardy’s transition to opposition to Stalinism caused enormous conflict in the CPA because those who were still pro-Stalinist resented his point of view, but he had enormous authority among the working class activists who looked to the party, so his shift became the psychological breaking point for many Australian Communists, for which the pro-Stalinists never forgave him.
He took up the cause of Aboriginal rights and wrote a major piece of journalism, The Unlucky Australians about the Gurindji land rights struggle.
Finally, in 1975, he wrote the extraordinary novel of life and political experience in the Communist movement (But the Dead Are Many). His literary device in this novel, “the fugue” is a bit awkward, but the novel, despite that, is the classic literary exploration of Communism and Stalinism in the workers movement in the English-speaking world.
It’s an incomparably useful book for anyone who wants to understand the political, social, human and cultural atmosphere in the Stalinist movement in the mid-20th century, and it stands the test of time.
The paradox is that Hardy,who started out as the classic party writer and who savaged his old colleague Lambert in 1956, ultimately came on the basis of his own experiences to similar views to Lambert, and one hopes they’ve made friends again somewhere in the Marxist Valhalla.
Hardy had many sins, he was a gambler, womaniser, not very good with money, and an occasional plagiarist, all of which is spelled out in some detail in a rather useful if somewhat bitter biography of him by the late Pauline Marshall, but nevertheless the boundaries of his work from Power Without Glory and the Load of Wood, to The Heirs of Stalin, The Unlucky Australians and But the Dead are Many, cover much of the experience of Communism and Stalinism in Australia in the 20th century.
In the mid-1950s, the Realist Writers Groups and other left writers founded a magazine called Overland (“temper democratic, bias Australian”). After the CPA crisis among intellectuals in 1956, when the historian Ian Turner and Steven Murray Smith among other intellectuals left the CPA, Murray Smith, the editor of Overland managed to spirit it out of the hands of the CPA, which caused outrage in CP circles.
Under Murray Smith’s editorship it evolved into a solidly-left-of-centre journal of literature, history and politics and it still exists to this day and plays a useful role culturally and politically for a quarterly magazine.
Ian Turner went on to write a number of useful books of Australian labour and cultural history. Dorothy Hewett, the author of the classic Australian social realist novel, Bobbin Up, went on to become a major playwright and poet, breaking with Stalinism in the late 1960s. The first volume of her autobiography (one hopes the second is in publishable form, because she died recently) is another classic description of the encounter between creative writers and Stalinism.
Another important Australian writer who was “burnt by the sun” of Stalinism in a very direct way was the novelist Christina Stead. Early in her creative life she emigrated to London, and later to the US. In London she took up with the Communist, New York Jewish writer and man of the world, Bill Blech, who wrote under the pseudonym of William Blake.
Stead wrote a wonderful novel about the crisis in French society during the Stavisky Affair, The House of All Nations. William Blake wrote three wonderful novels, one of them The Copperheads, about the US Civil War, and the other two about the evolution of capitalism in Spain. Stead and Blech went to the US and eventually settled in California, where Stead became a Hollywood scriptwriter, mixing in the Communist subculture in Hollywood.
During the McCarthy period they re-emigrated to Britain. At the end of her life Stead wrote an interesting novel about her experiences in the Communist and Stalinist literary world, a complex, long and interesting book, called I’m Dying Laughing. One of the high points of this book is a description of a kind of trial conducted by the Stalinist literary figure generally believed to be John Howard Lawson, within the Hollywood Stalinist literary circle.
Like Hardy’s But the Dead Are Many, I’m Dying Laughing is a useful description of what it was like to be a Communist writer or artist during the 20th century during the cultural dominance of high-Stalinism.
In a recent issue of Overland, possibly conscious of her own impending death, Stead wrote a most moving tribute to the generation of Communist intellectuals of which she was one of the younger members.
All I’ve just written seems to me to indicate the complexity and contradictions involved in too rosy a view of Stalinist social realism, as Dave Riley seems to have, or a too mundane view that Stalinism is now a remote historical question, as Louis Proyect seems to think.
The socialist political novel: those that interest me because of how they illuminate the history of the socialist project
I’d nominate firstly, all the writers I’ve mentioned above. In addition to that I’ve always liked the novels of the anarcho-syndicalist, B. Traven. The whole oeuvre of Victor Serge is of indispensable historical importance to capture the atmosphere of the Russian Revolution in its periods of both upsurge and Stalinist counter-revolution. The Case of Comrade Tulayev is the classic novel of the purges, and could be turned into an extraordinary film by someone like Ken Loach if the necessary funds could be found.
Loach’s classic film, Land and Freedom, based loosely on Orwell’s Homage to Catalonia, has done a great deal to demystify the Spanish Revolution.
There are also a number of serious novels of Communist, socialist and Trotskyist experience: Clancy Sigal’s Going Away, Harvey Swados’s Standing Fast, Doris Lessing’s Central African novels and her incomparable feminist book, The Golden Notebook, which has a powerful political aspect. Unfortunately, the Trotskyist movement hasn’t yet produced any classic novels of its experience, other than Standing Fast.
However, there are two pieces of rather brilliant satire, one the Canadian Earl Birney’s book Down the Long Table (with its classic split scene in the room behind Halloran’s grocery in Vancouver) and Tariq Ali’s caustic but extremely entertaining novel, Redemption.
Maybe Richard Fidler, Jose Perez, and Barry Sheppard might get together and write a novel about the US SWP. I’m told on the grapevine that Bryan Palmer is writing a biography of James P. Cannon, and the sooner he finishes it, and it’s published the better. Palmer is the right person to do a sympathetic and useful biography of Cannon. There’s a lot more useful work to be done on our history and experiences, and of necessity some of it should be done by way of the novel.
As an integral part of my bookselling activities I keep a list of about 550 books of Australian labour movement, world labour movement and Marxist interest in print, so to speak. These are mostly books that I’ve initially bought as remainders and are now out of print everywhere else.
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/118536
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Lawyers Journal
Foundation awards $3.1 million in grants
The Massachusetts Bar Foundation has awarded its 2004/2005 Interest on Lawyers Trust Accounts (IOLTA) grant awards.
The foundation awarded 128 grants to 93 organizations across the state, totaling $3,144,698. These grants provide critical financial support to non-profit organizations for law-related programs that either provide civil legal services to the state's low-income population or improve the administration of justice in the commonwealth.
To view the list of 2004/2005 grant recipients, go to:
For general information about the IOLTA Grants Program, click on:, or contact Melissa Nawrocki, Development Coordinator, at 617-338-0647, or [e-mail nawrocki].
©2014 Massachusetts Bar Association
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/118543
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Code covered by the BSD License
Highlights from
UISplitPane - Split a container (figure/frame/uipanel) into two resizable sub-containers
4.8 | 8 ratings Rate this file 33 Downloads (last 30 days) File Size: 15.9 KB File ID: #23073
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22 Feb 2009 (Updated )
Split a container (figure/frame/uipanel) into two resizable sub-containers, like Java's JSplitPane
Editor's Notes:
This file was selected as MATLAB Central Pick of the Week
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File Information
[h1,h2,hDivider] = uisplitpane(hParent,'propName',propVal,...)
UISPLITPANE splits the specified container(s) (figure, panel or frame, referenced by handle(s) hParent) into two distinct panes (panels) separated by a movable divider. If no hParent container is specified, then the current figure (gcf) is assumed. Matlab components may freely be added to each of the panes. Pane sizes may be modified by dragging or programmatically repositioning the movable divider.
UISPLITPANE returns the handles to the left/bottom sub-container h1, right/top sub-container h2, and the split-pane divider hDivider. If a vector of several hParents was specified, then h1,h2 & hDivider will be corresponding vectors in the containing hParents. If the hParents are found to be non-unique, then the returned handles will correspond to the unique sorted vector of hParents, so that no hParent will be split more than once.
The UISPLITPANE divider can be dragged to either side, up to the specified DividerMinLocation to DividerMaxLocation property values (defaults: 0.1 and 0.9 respectively, meaning between 10-90% of range). In Matlab 7+, additional one-click buttons are added to the divider, which enable easy flushing of the divider to either side, regardless of DividerMinLocation & DividerMaxLocation property values.
Several case-insensitive properties may be specified as P-V pairs:
- 'Orientation': 'horizontal' (default) or 'vertical'
- 'Parent': Handle(s) of containing figure/panel/frame
- 'DividerWidth': Divider width (1-25 [pixels], default=5)
- 'DividerColor': Divider color (default=figure background color)
- 'DividerLocation': Divider normalized initial location (.001-.999, default=0.5)
- 'DividerMinLocation': Normalized minimal left/bottom pane size (0-1, default=0.1)
- 'DividerMaxLocation': Normalized maximal left/bottom pane size (0-1, default=0.9)
hDivider is a standard Matlab object handle possessing all these additional properties. All these properties are gettable/settable via the hDivider handle, except for the 'Orientation' & 'Parent' properties which become read-only after the UISPLITPANE is constructed. hDivider also exposes the following read-only properties:
- 'LeftOrBottomPaneHandle': h1 value returned by this function
- 'RightOrTopPaneHandle': h2 value returned by this function
- 'DividerHandle': the HG container handle (a numeric value)
- 'JavaComponent': handle to the underlying java divider obj
- 'ContainerParentHandle': handle to hParent container
Note: this is important in Matlab 6 which does
^^^^ not allow hierarchical UI containers
- 'ContainerParentVarName': hParent variable name if available
hDiv1.DividerLocation = 0.75; % one way to modify divider...
Technical description:
Bugs and suggestions:
Please send to Yair Altman (altmany at gmail dot com)
Uicomponent Expands Uicontrol To All Java Classes, Scroll Plot Scrollable X/Y Axes, and Prop Listener Add A Callback To Property Value Get/Set Event inspired this file.
This file inspired Realtime Trading With Matlab Presentation Files and Uisplitter.
MATLAB release MATLAB 6.0 (R12)
Other requirements Should work on all versions starting with 6.0 (R12) through R2008b, including on non-Java-enabled systems. Please report any problems that you may see.
Tags for This File Please login to tag files.
Please login to add a comment or rating.
Comments and Ratings (16)
28 Feb 2012 SSOI SS
I can also reproduce the error described by Martin in 2011b release. Right click on splitter produces heavy red java errors in workspace
29 Nov 2010 Pirmin Borer
A cool feature would be a dock, undock button....
However, Nice job!!
20 Jul 2010 Joseph Burgel
Very cool Yair. Once again, job well done. You should be getting a check from MW.
18 Feb 2010 Zach
One question I have though, I'm not able to get a uitree to resize when placed in one of the panes this creates:
fig_handle = figure;
size_pane = get(tree_pane,'Position');
The uitree is sized correctly initially, and seems to resize in the vertical direction when the figure is resized, but when the sliders are moved, the uitree doesn't change. Anything that can be done about this?
18 Feb 2010 Zach
22 Apr 2009 Yair Altman
@Martin - thanks for pointing this out. It is only a problem when right-clicking the divider, so as long you left-click/drag you're safe.
The right-clicking problem also occurs on earlier Matlab versions, and is due to some very internal Matlab-Java integration reason. (If you must know, because the divider's javacomponent-created HGPanel is a heavyweight AWT Component instead of a lightweight Swing JComponent). I am unable to bypass this problem at the moment. If I find a way I'll post an updated function here.
22 Apr 2009 Martin
Hello, I found the following JAVA exception if the divider is dregged using the right mouse button after button release:
Exception in thread "AWT-EventQueue-0" java.lang.ClassCastException: com.mathworks.hg.peer.HGPanel cannot be cast to javax.swing.JComponent
at javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicLookAndFeel$AWTEventHelper.eventDispatched(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.Toolkit$SelectiveAWTEventListener.eventDispatched(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.Toolkit$ToolkitEventMulticaster.eventDispatched(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.Toolkit$ToolkitEventMulticaster.eventDispatched(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.Toolkit.notifyAWTEventListeners(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.Component.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.Container.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.Component.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.retargetMouseEvent(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.processMouseEvent(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.Container.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.Component.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpOneEventForFilters(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForFilter(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForHierarchy(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source)
at Source)
I use R2008b.
22 Apr 2009 Martin
Sorry, it is in R2008b ...
03 Apr 2009 Hans
Very useful. Thanks, Yair.
01 Apr 2009 Co Melissant
A brilliant piece of work, very useful. Especially since the user do not need any java skills if she/he does not like to.
31 Mar 2009 S B
Thank You. Works perfect
30 Mar 2009 Jveer
yes yes i apologise i missed it.
well i found a bug or maybe i'm just using it wrong. emailing to you now.
30 Mar 2009 Yair Altman
@Jveer - you can customize the divider using the 'DividerWidth' and 'DividerColor' properties. By default, a standard width of 5 pixels and the figure's background color are used. I used fat and colored dividers in the screenshot for demonstration purposes only, but you can set them to whatever you need. Read the help section for other settable properties.
29 Mar 2009 Jveer
wow! that i just brilliant!! thank you!
a very minor recommendation - any chance of changing those fat and ugly colored lines into something more discrete and professional looking?
28 Mar 2009 Yair Altman
Hi Sivakumar,
uisplitpane returns 3 handles: 2 handles of the uipanels on either side of the divider, and the divider handle. You can add both JTabbedPane and uitabgroup to either of the uipanels, as follows (at least on R2007b):
[hPanel1,hPanel2,hDivider] = uisplitpane(...);
hTabs = uitabgroup('parent',hPanel1);
t1 = uitab(hTabs, 'title', 'Panel 1');
a = axes('parent', t1); surf(peaks);
t2 = uitab(hTabs, 'title', 'Panel 2');
closeb = uicontrol(t2, 'String', 'Close Me', ...
'Position', [180 200 200 60], 'Call', 'close(gcbf)');
27 Mar 2009 S B
Do you know how do I embed either a jtabbedpane or uitab in the sub-container so that I can move the dividers and the tab group also moves accordingly. I tried with uitabgroup but it was not accepting the "parent" as one of your sub-component.
27 Mar 2009
Fix for R2008b JavaFrame warning
30 Mar 2009
Fixed DividerColor parent's color based on Co Melissant's suggestion; re-fixed JavaFrame warning
16 May 2013
Fixed some HG-Java warnings; fixed the panels' default bgcolor to be the same as their parent's bgcolor; fixed divider's arrow buttons bgcolor; fixed divider size upon dragging (panel resize); fixed minor Java issues with the divider sub-component
Contact us
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/118566
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Drosophila genome definition - Medical Dictionary: Definitions of Popular Terms Defined on MedTerms
Definition of Drosophila genome
Drosophila genome: All of the genetic information contained in Drosophila, the fruit fly.
The genomes of particular nonhuman organisms such as Drosophila have been studied for a number of reasons including the need to improve sequencing and analysis techniques. These nonhuman genomes also provide powerful sets of data against which to compare the human genome.
The fruit fly's genes are similar to those of people. Of the (3382) genes known to cause human disease in mutated form (as of Feb 2012), 75% have been found to have counterparts in the fly. Fathoming fly genes is therefore a step toward knowledge and, hopefully, the treatment of human genetic diseases.
The Drosophila genome has 185 million base pairs and is estimated to have 13,061 genes. The nucleotide sequence of nearly the entire ~ 120-megabase euchromatic portion of the Drosophila genome has been determined. The Drosophila genome was found to encode ~13,600 genes, somewhat fewer than the smaller genome of the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans, but with comparable functional diversity.
By "Drosophila" here is meant D. melanogaster, long a favorite experimental organism for geneticists. Thomas Hunt Morgan of Columbia University chose it in 1910 as the animal with which he and his students (and their intellectual offspring) would work and come to understand many of the basic principles of genetics.
Last Editorial Review: 9/20/2012
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Want to tell a friend about Copic Super Brush Nib (for Sketch & Ciao)? It's easy. Just enter the information requested below, click the "E-mail a Friend" button, and your message is on its way.
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/118587
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Mixed or average reviews - based on 12 Critics
Critic score distribution:
1. Positive: 3 out of 12
2. Negative: 1 out of 12
1. Virtually every motocross game released for the GBA in the last three years is better than this one.
There are no user reviews yet.
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/118617
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Monterey Institute of International Studies, A Graduate School of Middlebury College: Faculty en <div class="field field-type-text field-field-opening"> <div class="field-label">Opening Paragraph: </div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <p>"To lead organizational growth, you must understand the life-cycle of your organization, and the instinctive postures of your team."</p> <p>-Peter Robertson, M.D., Instructor and Founder of Human Insight </p> </div> </div> </div> <p><span><strong><a href="" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Dr. </a></strong></span><b><a href="" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Peter Robertson</a> </b>is adjunct-professor at the Monterey Institute and associate of De Baak in the Netherlands. He is an experienced international consultant on leadership, organizational transformation and growth strategies.</p> <div class="read-more"><a href="" title="Read the rest of this post">Read more »</a></div> Thu, 29 Aug 2013 03:28:30 +0000 Erina McWilliam 34042 at
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Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, North American Mammals
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Rodentia · Geomyidae · Geomys pinetis
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Geomys pinetis
Southeastern Pocket Gopher
Order: Rodentia
Family: Geomyidae
Image of Geomys pinetis
Click to enlarge. (48 kb)
Conservation Status: Least Concern.
Equipped for a subterranean life, the Southeastern Pocket Gopher's muscular front legs, thick-set front body, massive claws on its front feet, small eyes and ears, and incisors protruding beyond the lips are obvious adaptations to life in dark, snug spaces fashioned in loose soil. Fur-lined cheek pouches are the grocery bags this mammal uses to transport food from the source to its burrow system. These burrowers can be a nuisance when they dig into lawns and orchards. Efforts to control them include trapping and poisoning. They pile up a mound of sandy soil when they close the openings to their burrows, giving rise to the common name "sandy mounder." Another common name, "salamander," may be a contraction of "sandy mounder." People in its range use the name "gopher" for another animal, the gopher tortoise.
Also known as:
Sandy Mounder, Salamander, Colonial Pocket Gopher, Cumberland Island Pocket Gopher, Sherman's Pocket Gopher
Sexual Dimorphism:
Males are larger than females.
Average: 260 mm
Range: 215-324 mm
Range: 135-208 g
Rafinesque, C.S., 1817. Descriptions of seven new genera of North American quadrupeds, p. 45. American Monthly Magazine and Critical Review, 2(1):44-46.
Mammal Species of the World
Mammalian Species, American Society of Mammalogists' species account
Distribution of Geomys pinetis
Image of Geomys pinetis
Click to enlarge. (96kb)
Skull of Geomys pinetis
Click to enlarge. (26kb)
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New MobyGoal! We're aiming for 1,500 well documented Arcade games.
Earth 2150 (Windows)
100 point score based on reviews from various critics.
5 point score based on user ratings.
Not an American user?
In the sequel to Earth 2140 the use of nuclear weapons have pushed the earth out of its normal circulation around the sun. Earth is coming closer and closer to the sun. The whole climate changes. The three "states" left on earth (and moon) try to conquer the areas which contain the resources necessary to build a huge spaceship to escape from earth.
In total there are 70 missions of non-linear real-time strategy gameplay to complete. It features a range of land, air and seas units, with some which can 'dig' tunnels through mountains so that your units can drive through it. There is also a level editor.
The game's 3D engine has realistic weather effects like fog, rain, thunderstorms etc. The physics engine is detailed, too: if there's a crater somewhere and it starts to rain, the crater slowly fills with water .... When the sun goes down and it gets dark, all units and buildings have lights on them.
Earth 2150 Windows Building from the air
Earth 2150 Windows Earth 2150 Laser attack at night
Earth 2150 Windows
Earth 2150 Windows Earth 2150 Night Defense 2
Alternate Titles
• "地球2150" -- Chinese spelling (simplified)
• "Земля 2150: Война миров" -- Russian spelling
• "Earth 2150: Escape From The Blue Planet" -- German title
• "Diqiu 2150" -- Chinese title
• "2150: Vojna Mirov" -- Russian title
Part of the Following Groups
User Reviews
Great full 3D real-time strategy game. Baxter (38) 4.2 Stars4.2 Stars4.2 Stars4.2 Stars4.2 Stars
The Press Says
PC Games (Germany) Mar 07, 2001 92 out of 100 92
GameZone Jul 04, 2000 9 out of 10 90
Adrenaline Vault, The (AVault) Jul 05, 2000 4.5 Stars4.5 Stars4.5 Stars4.5 Stars4.5 Stars 90
PC Gameplay (Benelux) Jul, 2000 87 out of 100 87
PC Player (Germany) Dec, 1999 87 out of 100 87
GameStar (Germany) Nov, 1999 87 out of 100 87
GameSpot Jun 20, 2000 8.1 out of 10 81 (UK) Jul 06, 2000 8 out of 10 80 Jun 22, 2000 16 out of 20 80
GamePro (US) Nov 24, 2000 3.5 Stars3.5 Stars3.5 Stars3.5 Stars3.5 Stars 70
There are currently no topics for this game.
• Power Play
• Issue 02/2000 – Best Real-Time Strategy Game in 1999
Related Web Sites
• Earth 2150 Universe (General fansite. Maps, tools, patches and screenshots etc.)
• Thexer (A collection of maps and downloads. MP3 files of the music from Earth 2150)
robotriot (8637) added Earth 2150 (Windows) on Nov 05, 1999
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One of the most long-awaited mods restores the highly desired scabbards. This mod adds 17 scabbard models to all swords. Additionally, a new sword with its unique model have been introduced to the game.
Latest Media
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/118732
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Members Area
Countdown to Christmas --
My Merry Christmas Announcement
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Welcome to our newest member, K1081
God And The Higgs Boson
Posted 07-07-2012 at 01:37 AM by caninemom3
It seems the scientific world has a new "toy". Scientists at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland have discovered at long last their elusive "masterpiece", the Higgs boson, i.e., the God particle.
I am not an intellectual by any means but I can tell from all the hoopla this has received in the press it is apparently a big deal.
Why ? Well apparently the Higgs boson is the particle that gives matter mass. It is associated with the theory that the universe was created with a "big bang".
I can never understand why when something scientific is discovered the elitists from the physics community always say whatever discovery it is points to there being no creator, no God and the Higgs boson is no exception. I surfed a few forums in the last few days where all these "brainy" people are going on and on about the Higgs boson and how it proves there is no God. Worse yet, the majority of them were saying plenty of rude things...
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Page 60
For example, if one has α = 0.3, half of the value of the target base resides in the most valuable 10 percent of the targets [Vcum = 1/2 = (0.1)0.3]. Sample results for this value of α are plotted in Figure C-1 and Figure C-2. In the figures, Qs is the anticipated value of the single-shot probability of target survival, whereas Ps is the actual value. For various values of Qs, attack efficiency is shown as a function of Ps in Figure C-1. Figure C-2 shows the damage extracted as a function of attack size with perfect planning (Qs = Ps). Notice that the total target damage depends strongly on Ps (how well weapons perform) but that for a given value of Ps the results are fairly insensitive to Qs (the preattack assumption about Ps). In short, accurate attack planning assumptions (Qs = Ps) are important for understanding how well the strike will succeed but do not help one to devise a much more effective plan.
Image: jpg
~ enlarge ~
FIGURE C-1 Efficiency of attack plans with imperfect estimates of single-shot target probability of survival.
NOTE: Qs is the prestrike estimate of Ps (and Ps is the actual value). Efficiency (attack damage/attack damage with perfect planning [Qs = Ps]) is shown for the case of a many weapon attack (W≫1).
Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/118757
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March 3, 2005 Gretchen Cook-Anderson Headquarters, Washington (Phone: 202/358-0836) John Bluck Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. (Phone: 650/604-5026/9000) Jim Scott University of Colorado, Boulder (Phone: 303/492-3114) RELEASE: 05-066 NASA STUDY SUGGESTS GIANT SPACE CLOUDS ICED EARTH Eons ago, giant clouds in space may have led to global extinctions, according to two recent technical papers supported by NASA's Astrobiology Institute. One paper outlines a rare scenario in which Earth iced over during snowball glaciations, after the solar system passed through dense space clouds. In a more likely scenario, less dense giant molecular clouds may have enabled charged particles to enter Earth's atmosphere, leading to destruction of much of the planet's protective ozone layer. This resulted in global extinctions, according to the second paper. Both recently appeared in the Geophysical Research Letters. "Computer models show dramatic climate change can be caused by interstellar dust accumulating in Earth's atmosphere during the solar system's immersion into a dense space cloud," said Alex Pavlov, principal author of the two papers. He is a scientist at the University of Colorado, Boulder. The resulting dust layer hovering over the Earth would absorb and scatter solar radiation, yet allow heat to escape from the planet into space, causing runaway ice buildup and snowball glaciations. "There are indications from 600 to 800 million years ago; at least two of four glaciations were snowball glaciations. The big mystery revolves around how they are triggered," Pavlov said. He concluded the snowball glaciations covered the entire Earth. Pavlov said this hypothesis has to be tested by geologists. They would look at Earth's rocks to find layers that relate to the snowball glaciations to assess whether uranium 235 is present in higher amounts. It cannot be produced naturally on Earth or in the solar system, but it is constantly produced in space clouds by exploding stars called supernovae. Sudden, small changes in the uranium 235/238-ratio in rock layers would be proof interstellar material is present that originated from supernovae. Collisions of the solar system with dense space clouds are rare, but according to Pavlov’s research, more frequent solar system collisions, with moderately dense space clouds, can be devastating. He outlined a complex series of events that would result in loss of much of Earth's protective ozone layer, if the solar system collided with a moderately dense space cloud. The research outlined a scenario that begins as Earth passes through a moderately dense space cloud that cannot compress the outer edge of the sun's heliosphere into a region within the Earth's orbit. The heliosphere is the expanse that begins at the sun's surface and usually reaches far past the orbits of the planets. Because it remains beyond Earth's orbit, the heliosphere continues to deflect dust particles away from the planet. However, because of the large flow of hydrogen from space clouds into the sun's heliosphere, the sun greatly increases its production of electrically charged cosmic rays from the hydrogen particles. This also increases the flow of cosmic rays towards Earth. Normally, Earth's magnetic field and ozone layer protect life from cosmic rays and the sun's dangerous ultraviolet radiation. Moderately dense space clouds are huge, and the solar system could take as long as 500,000 years to cross one of them. Once in such a cloud, the Earth would be expected to undergo at least one magnetic reversal. During a reversal, electrically charged cosmic rays can enter Earth's atmosphere instead of being deflected by the planet's magnetic field. Cosmic rays can fly into the atmosphere and break up nitrogen molecules to form nitrogen oxides. Nitrogen oxide catalysts would set off the destruction of as much as 40 percent of the protective ozone in the planet's upper atmosphere across the globe and destruction of about 80 percent of the ozone over the polar regions according to Pavlov. For information about NASA and agency programs on the Internet, visit: -end-
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@techreport{NBERw15537, title = "The State of Corporate Governance Research", author = "Lucian A. Bebchuk and Michael S. Weisbach", institution = "National Bureau of Economic Research", type = "Working Paper", series = "Working Paper Series", number = "15537", year = "2009", month = "November", doi = {10.3386/w15537}, URL = "http://www.nber.org/papers/w15537", abstract = {This paper, which introduces the special issue on corporate governance co-sponsored by the Review of Financial Studies and the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), reviews and comments on the state of corporate governance research. The special issue features seven papers on corporate governance that were presented in a meeting of the NBER’s corporate governance project. Each of the papers represents state-of-the-art research in an important area of corporate governance research. For each of these areas, we discuss the importance of the area and the questions it focuses on, how the paper in the special issue makes a significant contribution to this area, and what we do and do not know about the area. We discuss in turn work on shareholders and shareholder activism, directors, executives and their compensation, controlling shareholders, comparative corporate governance, cross-border investments in global capital markets, and the political economy of corporate governance.}, }
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Latest Chrome 5 beta is 35% faster, sports new HTML5 features
Google today pumped out a new beta of their Chrome browser that packs in quite a few enhancements for users to test. The Chrome team claims that in addition to 30-35% faster performance in the V8 and SunSpider javascript benchmarks, the beta sports several new HTML5 additions and an integrated Flash Player that auto-updates.
Chrome initially shipped with its speedy V8 javascript engine that fiercely ignited the browser javascript engine wars. The team has outlined how the engine has improved by as much as 305% since the first beta was released.
In addition to the speed improvements, many new features have been added to today's beta release. After adding bookmark syncing in November 2009, Chrome now has the ability to sync browser preferences such as themes, homepage/startup settings, web content settings, and languages. Chrome extensions have also been enabled for use when in Chrome's private browsing mode: incognito mode
In addition to the integrated Flash Player which can now automatically update using Chrome's auto-update system, users should also welcome the addition of several new HTML5 features in the beta:
The new Chrome beta is available for Windows, Mac, and Linux
The Chrome team also released a sneak peak at some new browser speed tests that they'll be unveiling soon.
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Last updated: July 30, 2014
Blake Lively is the new Gwyneth
Blake Lively is the new Gwyneth
The sorriest beagle in the world
The sorriest beagle in the world
Shock at ‘idiot’ who left dog to die
Shock at ‘idiot’ who left dog to die
ON ENGLAND’S hottest day of the year a dog was locked inside a car and left to die. Then the police came along to publicly shame the ‘idiot’ owner.
It’s a hot time to buy in the snow
It’s a hot time to buy in the snow
THE snow is falling and so are the property prices.
Brothers Tobias Mathijsen and Jamiro Smajic's prank war ends in evil twist in the Netherlands
90 degrees room prank
Jamiro Smajic walks in to find what his brother Tobias Mathijsen has done to his room. Source: Supplied
OFFENSIVE LANGUAGE WARNING: AFTER pranking his brother a year ago by turning his room pink, Tobias Mathijsen upped the ante by turning his room 90 degrees to the right.
Mr Mathijsen's younger brother Jamiro Smajic thought the war was over until he walked in to find the contents of his room had been tilted. His bed and computer desk were now bolted to the wall. His ceiling light was now on another wall.
Mr Smajic came home wanting to sleep but couldn't quite work out how to do it.
"You do realise that I'm really going to get you back for this?" he tells Mr Mathijsen.
The younger sibling, who says he was planning on redecorating, manages to see the funny side eventually.
"At least I can pretend to be Spiderman," he says.
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Harriet Beecher Stowe
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Harriet Beecher Stowe, American abolitionist and author of Uncle Tom's Cabin circa 1880.
Harriet Elizabeth Beecher Stowe (June 14, 1811 - July 1, 1896) is an American writer and reformer, best known as the author of the anti-slavery novel Uncle Tom's Cabin. The sensationally popular novel presented an empathetic portrait of slave life and played a significant role in engendering moral opposition to slavery prior to the outbreak of the American Civil War. Stowe wrote the work in reaction to the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, which made it illegal to assist an escaped slave. In the book she expresses her moral outrage at the institution of slavery and its destructive effects on both races and especially on maternal bonds.
Stowe was born into a family with deep religious convictions and a social conscience that would leave a historical legacy in educational reform, the revision of Calvinist theology, abolition, literature, and women’s suffrage.
After the publication of Uncle Tom's Cabin, Stowe became an international celebrity and a popular author. In addition to novels, poetry, and essays, she wrote non-fiction books on a wide range of subjects including homemaking, the raising of children, and religion. She wrote in an informal conversational style and presented herself as an average wife and mother. Her style and her narrative use of local dialect predated works like Mark Twain's Huckleberry Finn by 30 years.
Early life
Born in Litchfield, Connecticut and raised primarily in Hartford, Harriet Beecher Stowe was the seventh of 11 children born to Rev. Lyman Beecher, an abolitionist Congregationalist preacher, from Boston and Roxana Foote Beecher, a granddaughter of General Andrew Ward who was a member of General George Washington’s staff in the Revolutionary War. Many of her brothers and sisters became famous reformers. Henry Ward Beecher(1813-1887), a noted minister in Brooklyn, New York, was active in the abolitionist movement. Catharine Beecher (1800-1878) founded many schools for young women throughout the country and was a prolific author while her half-sister, Isabella Beecher (1822-1907), became active in the women's suffrage movement.
Her mother died of tuberculosis at 41, when Harriet was only four. Two years later a stepmother took over the household. Stowe was named after her aunt, Harriet Foote, who deeply influenced her thinking. Samuel Foote, her uncle, encouraged her to read works of Lord Byron and Sir Walter Scott.
Harriet Beecher Stowe
When Stowe was eleven, she entered the seminary at Hartford kept by her elder sister Catherine. The school had advanced curriculum and she learned languages, natural and mechanical science, composition, ethics, logic, and mathematics. At that time, Hartford Female Seminary was one of only a handful of schools that took the education of girls seriously. Four years after entering as a student she became an assistant teacher.
Her father married again and in 1832 the family moved to Cincinnati, Ohio where he became the President of Lane Theological Seminary. Cincinnati was a hotbed of the abolitionist movement and this is where she gained first-hand knowledge of slavery and the Underground railroad that led her to write Uncle Tom's Cabin.[1]
Catherine and Harriet founded a new seminary in Cincinnati, the Western Female Institute, and together they co-authored a book, Primary Geography for Children. After the publication of the book Stowe received a special commendation from the Bishop of Cincinnati because it conveyed a positive image of the Catholic religion. Stowe's religious tolerance was unusual for Protestants at the time.
In 1834, Stowe began her literary career when she won a prize contest of the Western Monthly Magazine, and soon she was a regular contributor of stories and essays.
Marriage, family, and writing career
In 1836 Harriet Beecher married Calvin Stowe, a clergyman and widower who was a professor at Lane Theological Seminary. Calvin's wife, Eliza, had befriended Harriet Beecher when she first arrived, and when Eliza died young, Harriet and Calvin were drawn together by a shared loss. Their first children, twin girls whom they chose to name Harriet and Eliza, were born on September 29, 1836, and were followed by her son Henry Ellis (1838), Frederick William (1840), Georgiana May (1843), Samuel Charles (1848), and Charles Edward (1850). Throughout their marriage, Calvin encouraged Harriet in her career as an author. Her first book, The Mayflower, appeared in 1843.
In 1850, Professor Stowe joined the faculty of his alma mater, Bowdoin College, in Brunswick, Maine. The Stowe family moved to Maine and lived in Brunswick until 1853. While living in Brunswick Stowe published Uncle Tom's Cabin, a scathing, albeit sentimental anti-slavery novel that created a sensation. The novel outraged Southern defenders of slavery while engendering sympathy for the plight of slaves in the North and spurring the abolitionist movement. First appearing in serial form from 1851 to 1852 in an abolitionist organ, the National Era, Uncle Tom's Cabin sold more than 10,000 copies the first week it was published as a book. It was quickly translated into 37 languages and it sold over half a million copies in the United States over five years. Attacks on the veracity of her portrayal of the South led Stowe to publish The Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin (1853), in which she presented her source material. A second anti-slavery novel, Dred: A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp (1856), told the story of a dramatic attempt at slave rebellion.
From Brunswick, the Stowes moved to Andover, Massachusetts, where Calvin became a professor of theology at Andover Theological Seminary from 1853 to 1864. Stowe's fame opened doors to the national literary magazines. She started to publish her writings in The Atlantic Monthly and later in Independent and in Christian Union. For some time she was the most celebrated woman writer in The Atlantic Monthly and in the New England literary clubs. In 1853, 1856, and 1859 Stowe made journeys to Europe, where she became friends with George Eliot, Elizabeth Barrett Browning, and Lady Byron. However, the British public opinion turned against her when she charged Lord Byron with incestuous relations with his half-sister. Both The Atlantic Monthly and Stowe suffered serious criticism after it was published.
After Calvin's retirement from Andover, the family moved to Hartford, Connecticut. In the 1860s the Stowes also purchased property in Mandarin, Florida, and began to travel south each winter. In Florida Stowe helped establish schools for African-American children and fostered the development of an ecumenical church open to members of all denominations. Her brother Charles (a minister, composer of religious hymns, and prolific author) joined the Stowes in Florida, to help the cause of the newly freed people.
Stowe's later works did not gain the same popularity as Uncle Tom's Cabin. She published novels, studies of social life, essays, and a small volume of religious poems. The Stowes lived in Hartford in summer and spent their winters in Florida, where they had a luxurious home. The Pearl of Orr's Island (1862), Old-Town Folks (1869), and Poganuc People (1878) were partly based on her husband's childhood reminiscences and are among the first examples of local color writing in New England. In 1873, Stowe moved to her last home, the brick Victorian Gothic cottage-style house on Forest Street in Hartford, where her family became acquainted with Samuel Clemens. Clemens and his family moved into a house adjacent to theirs and under the pen name Mark Twain wrote some of his most famous books while living in this house. Clemens was just about the same age as the Stowe twins, Harriet and Eliza.
Stowe died in 1896, two years after her husband, in Hartford. She is buried on the grounds of Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts.
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Published in 1852, Uncle Tom's Cabin, or, Life Among the Lowly, profoundly affected attitudes toward slavery in the United States in the years prior to the American Civil War. A sensationally popular work, Uncle Tom's Cabin offered a sentimental and moralistic perspective of life in the antebellum South, depicting the cruel reality of slavery while also affirming the redemptive power of Christian love.[2]
Fullpage illustration by Hammatt Billings for Uncle Tom's Cabin (First Edition: Boston: John P. Jewett and Company, 1852). The engraving shows Eliza telling Uncle Tom that she has been sold and is running away to save her child.
Stowe wrote the novel as a response to the 1850 passage of the second Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 (which punished those who aided runaway slaves, stripped the rights of fugitives, as well diminished the rights of freed Blacks). Stowe was influenced by the autobiography of Josiah Henson, a slave on a tobacco plantation in North Bethesda, Maryland who escaped in 1830 by fleeing to Upper Canada (now Ontario), where he helped other fugitive slaves arrive and become self-sufficient.[3] Stowe also evidently drew on American Slavery As It Is: Testimony of a Thousand Witnesses, a volume co-authored by Theodore Dwight Weld and the Grimké sisters, as a source of some of the novel's content.[4] Stowe claimed to have based the novel on a number of interviews with escaped slaves during the time she was living in Cincinnati, Ohio, across the Ohio River from Kentucky, a slave state. In Cincinnati the Underground Railroad had local abolitionist sympathizers and was active in efforts to help runaway slaves on their escape route from the South.
Uncle Tom's Cabin first appeared as a 40-week serial in National Era, an abolitionist periodical, on June 5, 1851. Because of the story's popularity, the publisher contacted Stowe about turning the serial into a book. While Stowe questioned if anyone would read Uncle Tom's Cabin in book form, she eventually consented to the request. Published in book form on March 20, 1852, the novel soon sold out its complete print run. A number of other editions were soon printed.
In the first year of publication, 300,000 copies of Uncle Tom's Cabin were sold. The novel sold equally well in England, with the first London edition appearing in May, 1852 and selling 200,000 copies. In a few years over 1.5 million copies were in circulation in England, and the book eventually was translated into every major language and became the best-selling novel in the world in the 19th century.[5]
Plot summary
Simon Legree assaulting Uncle Tom.
When Eliza overhears Mr. and Mrs. Shelby discussing plans to sell Tom and Harry, she determines to run away with her son for fear of losing her only surviving child. Eliza departs that night, leaving a note of apology to her mistress. Meanwhile Uncle Tom is sold and placed on a Mississippi riverboat, where he meets and befriends a young white girl named Eva. When Eva falls into the river, Tom saves her, and in gratitude, Eva's father, Augustine St. Clare, buys and takes him with the family to their home in New Orleans. During this time, Tom and Eva begin to relate to one another because of the deep Christian faith they both share.
The escaping Eliza's meets up with her husband George Harris, but they are now being tracked by a slave hunter named Tom Loker. Eventually Loker and his men trap Eliza and her family, causing George to shoot Loker. Worried that Loker may die, Eliza convinces George to bring the slave hunter to a nearby Quaker settlement for medical treatment.
Back in New Orleans, after Tom has lived with the St. Clares for two years, Eva grows very ill. Before she dies she experiences a vision of heaven. As a result of her death and vision, the other characters resolve to improve themselves and throw off personal prejudices against Blacks, and St. Clare pledges to free Uncle Tom.
Tom sold to Simon Legree
Before he can follow through on his pledge, he is fatally stabbed while entering a New Orleans tavern and his wife instead sells Tom at auction to a vicious plantation owner named Simon Legree. Legree begins to hate Tom when Tom refuses Legree's order to whip his fellow slave. Tom receives a brutal beating, and Legree resolves to crush Tom's faith in God. But Tom refuses to stop reading his Bible and comforting other slaves. Tom also encourages another of Legree's slaves, Cassy, to escape, which she does, taking another (Emmeline) with her.
Uncle Tom's faith in God is tested by the hardships of the plantation. However, he has two visions, one of Jesus and one of Eva, which renew his resolve to remain a faithful Christian, even unto death. When Tom refuses to tell Legree where the escaped slaves have gone, Legree orders his overseers to kill him. As Tom is dying, he forgives the overseers, who, humbled by the character of the man they have murdered, become Christians. Shortly before Tom's death, George Shelby (Arthur Shelby's son) arrives to buy Tom’s freedom, but finds he is too late.
On their boat ride to freedom, Cassy and Emmeline meet George Harris' sister and accompany her to Canada. There, Cassy discovers that Eliza is her long-lost daughter who was sold as a child. Reunited, they travel to France and eventually Liberia, the African nation created for former American slaves, where they meet Cassy's long-lost son. George Shelby returns to the Kentucky farm and frees all his slaves, telling them to remember Tom's sacrifice and his belief in the true meaning of Christianity.
Major themes
Uncle Tom's Cabin is dominated by Stowe's outrage over the evil of slavery. While Stowe weaves other subthemes throughout her text, such as the moral authority of motherhood and the redemptive role of the Christian faith, she emphasizes the immorality of slavery and its incompatibility with true Christianity.
Stowe saw motherhood as the "ethical and structural model for all of American life," argued critic Elizabeth Ammons[6] and believed that only women had the moral authority to save the United States from the demon of slavery.[7] While later critics have noted that Stowe's female characters are often domestic clichés instead of realistic women,[8] Stowe's novel affirmed the importance of women's influence and helped pave the way for the women's rights movement in the following decades.[9]
Reactions to the novel
Uncle Tom's Cabin has exerted an influence equaled by few other novels in history. Upon publication, it ignited a firestorm of protest from defenders of slavery while eliciting praise from abolitionists. The novel focused Northern anger at the injustices of slavery and the Fugitive Slave Law and helped to fuel the abolitionist movement.[10]
Some critics highlighted Stowe's paucity of experience relating to Southern life, which (in their view) led her to create inaccurate descriptions of the region. For instance, she had never set foot on a Southern plantation. In response, in 1853 Stowe published A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin, an attempt to document the veracity of the novel's depiction of slavery.
The immense impact of the novel by a little-known woman writer significantly led to a greater role for women in public affairs. For Stowe, the issue of slavery was essentially religious and emotional, and her stated purpose, "to awaken sympathy and feeling for the African race" and to urge that readers "feel right" about the issue, advanced a nascent feminist agenda that few readers at the time recognized.[11] Significantly, Stowe blamed the slave system rather than the slaveholders for the moral evil of slavery. She presented sympathetic portraits of two plantation owners and deliberately made its chief villain, Simon Legree, a displaced New Englander.
As the first widely read political novel in the United States,[12] Uncle Tom's Cabin greatly influenced development of not only American literature but also protest literature in general. Scholars have postulated a number of theories about what Stowe was trying to say with the novel aside from condemning slavery. Some argue that Stowe saw her novel as offering a solution to the moral and political dilemma that troubled many slavery opponents: Whether the use of violence to oppose the violence of slavery and the breaking of proslavery laws was morally defensible. Stowe's solution was similar to Ralph Waldo Emerson's: "God's will would be followed if each person sincerely examined his principles and acted on them."[13]
Others have seen the novel as expressing the values and ideas of the Free Soil Movement[14] or as a critique of the patriarchal nature of slavery.[15]
The book has even been seen as an attempt to redefine masculinity as a necessary step toward the abolition of slavery.[16] In order to change the notion of manhood so that men could oppose slavery without jeopardizing their self-image or their standing in society, some abolitionists drew on principles of women's suffrage and Christian charity, and praised men for cooperation, compassion, and civic spirit. Others within the abolitionist movement argued for conventional, aggressive masculine role in cause of abolition. All the men in Stowe's novel are representations of either one kind of man or the other.[16]
Creation and popularization of stereotypes
In recent decades, readers have criticized the book for what are seen as condescending racist descriptions of the book's black characters' appearances, speech, and behavior, as well as the passive nature of Uncle Tom.[17] The phenomenal success of the novel and wide currency of the published reproductions had a significant role in ingraining certain stereotypes into the American imagination.[17]
Uncle Tom, the title character, was initially seen as a noble long-suffering Christian slave. In more recent years, his name has become an epithet directed towards African-Americans who are accused of selling out to whites. Stowe intended Tom to be a "noble hero" and praiseworthy person. Throughout the book, far from allowing himself to be exploited, Tom stands up for his beliefs and is grudgingly admired even by his enemies.
Among other common stereotypes attributed to Uncle Tom's Cabin are the "happy darky" (in the lazy, carefree character of Sam); the light-skinned tragic mulatto as a sex object (in the characters of Eliza, Cassy, and Emmeline); the affectionate, dark-skinned female mammy (through several characters, including Mammy, a cook at the St. Clare plantation); and the Pickaninny stereotype of black children (in the character of Topsy).
In the last few decades these negative associations have to a large degree overshadowed the historical impact of Uncle Tom's Cabin. Beginning with criticism by James Baldwin that the novel was racially obtuse and aesthetically crude,[18] later black critics attacked the novel, saying that the character of Uncle Tom engaged in "race betrayal," making Tom (in some eyes) worse than even the most vicious slave owner.[19]
In recent years, though, scholars such as Henry Louis Gates Jr. have begun to reexamine Uncle Tom's Cabin, stating that the book is a "central document in American race relations and a significant moral and political exploration of the character of those relations."
Partial list of works
1. Ohio History, The Harriet Beecher Stowe House. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
2. Deborah C. de Rosa, Domestic Abolitionism and Juvenile Literature, 1830–1865 (SUNY Press, 2003), 121.
3. VOA News, "Historic Uncle Tom's Cabin Saved." Retrieved May 16, 2006.
4. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Weld, Theodore Dwight. Retrieved May 15, 2007.
5. Gail Smith, "The Sentimental Novel: The Example of Harriet Beecher Stowe," The Cambridge Companion to Nineteenth-Century American Women's Writing (Cambridge University Press, 2001), 221.
6. Elizabeth Ammons, "Stowe's Dream of the Mother-Savior: Uncle Tom's Cabin and American Women Writers Before the 1920s," New Essays on Uncle Tom's Cabin, edited by Eric J. Sundquist (Cambridge University Press, 1986), 159.
7. Joy Jordan-Lake, Whitewashing Uncle Tom's Cabin: Nineteenth-Century Women Novelists Respond to Stowe (Vanderbilt University Press, 2005), 61.
8. Mason I. Lowance, Ellen E. Westbrook, C. De Prospo, The Stowe Debate: Rhetorical Strategies in Uncle Tom's Cabin (Univ of Massachusetts Press, 1994), 132.
9. Linda Eisenmann, Historical Dictionary of Women's Education in the United States (Greenwood Press, 1998), 3.
10. Ellen J. Goldner, "Arguing with Pictures: Race, Class and the Formation of Popular Abolitionism Through Uncle Tom's Cabin," Journal of American & Comparative Cultures 2001 24(1–2): 71–84. ISSN: 1537-4726.
11. Answers.com, Harriet Beecher Stowe: Biography. Retrieved November 29, 2008.
12. Jane Tompkins, Sensational Designs: The Cultural Work of American Fiction, 1790–1860 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1986).
13. Joshua D. Bellin, "Up to Heaven's Gate, down in Earth's Dust: the Politics of Judgment in Uncle Tom's Cabin," American Literature 1993 65(2): 275–295. ISSN: 0002-9831.
14. David Grant, "Uncle Tom's Cabin and the Triumph of Republican Rhetoric," New England Quarterly 1998 71(3): 429–448. ISSN: 0028-4866.
15. Arthur Riss, "Racial Essentialism and Family Values in Uncle Tom's Cabin," American Quarterly 1994 46 (4): 513–544. ISSN: 0003-0678.
16. 16.0 16.1 Cynthia Griffin Wolff, "Masculinity in Uncle Tom's Cabin," American Quarterly 1995 47(4): 595–618. ISSN: 0003-0678.
17. 17.0 17.1 Jessie Carney Smith, Images of Blacks in American Culture: A Reference Guide to Information Sources (Greenwood Press, 1988).
18. Edward Rothstein, "Digging Through the Literary Anthropology of Stowe’s Uncle Tom," New York Times. Retrieved January 11, 2009.
19. Ibid.
• Adams, John R. Harriet Beecher Stowe. Twayne Publishers, 1963., ISBN 0808401505.
• Gates, Henry Louis, and Kwame Anthony Appiah. Africana: Arts and Letters: an A-to-Z Reference of Writers, Musicians, and Artists of the African American Experience. Running Press, 2005.
• Hedrick, Joan. Harriet Beecher Stowe, A Life. Oxford University Press, USA, 1995. ISBN 0195096398.
• Jordan-Lake, Joy. Whitewashing Uncle Tom's Cabin: Nineteenth-Century Women Novelists Respond to Stowe. Vanderbilt University Press, 2005.
• Lowance, Mason I., Ellen E. Westbrook, and R. De Prospo. The Stowe Debate: Rhetorical Strategies in Uncle Tom's Cabin. Univ of Massachusetts Press, 1994.
• Margolis, Anne, Jeanne Boydston, and Mary Kelley. The Limits of Sisterhood: The Beecher Sisters on Women's Rights and Woman's Sphere. University of North Carolina Press, 1988. ISBN 0807842079.
• Matthews, Glenna. "'Little Women' Who Helped Make This Great War" in Gabor S. Boritt, ed. Why the Civil War Came. Oxford University Press, 1993. ISBN 0195113764.
• Rosenthal, Debra J. Routledge Literary Sourcebook on Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin. Routledge, 2003.
• Sundquist, Eric J. (ed.). New Essays on Uncle Tom's Cabin. Cambridge University Press, 1986.
• Thulesius, Olav. Harriet Beecher Stowe in Florida, 1867-1884. McFarland and Company, 2001. ISBN 0786409320.
• Weinstein, Cindy. The Cambridge Companion to Harriet Beecher Stowe. Cambridge University Press, 2004.
• Williams, Linda. Playing the Race Card: Melodramas of Black and White from Uncle Tom to O. J. Simpson. Princeton Univ. Press, 2001.
• White, Barbara A. The Beecher Sisters. Yale University Press, 2003. ISBN 0300099274.
External links
All links retrieved January 12, 2009.
Research begins here...
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Date: Sat, 25 Feb 2006 17:03:10 -0700 From: Samuel Forte' III Subject: finding andrew-chapter 18 ** This story is a true story, telling of people and events that have taken place in the last three to four years. I have the consent of the others who are involved to use them, but no last names will be used for privacy reasons. This story will focus around two people as they stumble upon each during high school and find themselves falling for one another. They are able to survive the trials, tribulations, and difficulties that are thrown at them and from each other until everything comes to an abrupt end...All rights to this story are mine (lol well it is based on MY experiences) so no copying or publishing without my consent!** Finding Andrew Chapter 18 - 19th Birthday and Meeting Tim I woke up to my mom singing Happy Birthday...something that never gets old! A good laugh to start off the day as she headed for work. It was around 7 so I figured I would wake up for some Saturday morning cartoons. After getting a rare fill of Spiderman and Sonic (what can I say, I'm still a kid at heart!) and a bowl of Lucky Charms, I was ready to start my day. Around two in the afternoon, my friend Sean picked me up. Him, Steve, and Lizzy hung out with me as we basically spent the majority of the day at the mall. Afterwards, the rest of the group met up at IHOP for dinner. A bunch of interesting conversations going on, but all in all everybody had a good time. I think it was a good use of the day since it got everybody together which had been a rarity since we'd graduated from high school. I was invited to go to a movie afterwards, but had to turn it down. There were a few other people that I was looking forward to hanging out with. After I got back I made a phone call to both Andrew and Justin so I could pick them up. It really had been awhile since the three of us hung out as a group. We all went to see a movie (don't remember, but I know it was a comedy) and afterwards Justin was picked up by his mom. The night was still young at 9pm so Andrew had the idea of driving up to Denver and walking downtown. We had a lot of fun. Even though I ate earlier, we stepped into an Italian restaurant to eat. Our waiter looked at us a little funny (I'm sure it wasn't a sight he was used to seeing in a romantic setting), but I didn't really care. We ordered our food and ate mostly in silence. He was unusually quiet. I'm sure the doctor visit played some part in it, but looking in his eyes there was something else that I just couldn't figure out. On the way back home, he asked me to pull over in the rest stop. Something about having something really important to show me. I pulled over into an isolated area and cut the power. "Sam. Sorry to be so quiet today." "No problem little man. What's bothering you?" "Your cancer. It has me scared." I could see the fearful look in his eyes as he stared out the windshield. I knew this topic would eventually come up. "You don't have a reason to be scared. I hate to be blunt, but we all are going to die. All this tells me is that when that time comes, the odds are that cancer will be the culprit. I can't live in fear because of it...just look at us being gay. Should it be something we should be scared of? I paused to gauge his reaction as he just sat there with a blank face. "All I'm saying is you take what life throws at you and make the best of it. Just because I have it, doesn't mean I'm going to die tomorrow. I'll be fine and I'll take care of myself. I'm not going anywhere anytime soon." With that last comment he gave me a smile and we just sat there for probably half an hour. "There is one other thing, Sam." He said nervously. "Yea?" "I wanted to give you your present." He looked at me with a thoughtful look as he pulled a wrapped box out of his backpack. I opened and was very surprised at the contents. Hell, I could see why he was so nervous to give it to me. "Wow, this wasn't something I was expecting. Umm, thanks." "So you don't like it?" He asked quietly. "Oh no. I definitely like it. I just...wasn't really expecting you to get a bottle of lube. I know that had to be a little embarrassing at the store." I knew that he was blushing even though it was pitch black outside. I knew him too well. "Yea it was. Hopefully you'll make it worth it though." Now I was nervous. I knew what he was getting at and I can't say it wasn't something that didn't cross my mind. Honestly, we had never talked about that part of our sex life. Mostly we were content with blowjobs...I had thought of the current proposition a few times, but I wasn't sure how to deal with it. I knew that not all gay guys are too keen with the idea of anal sex. It hurts too much for some, it isn't as enjoyable for others. The only way to know is try it yourself. "Do you really want this Andrew? I only will do this if you're ready..." "Shut up Sam," he laughed. "I want you tonight. I want you to make me mine." He said in a lustful tone. "Are you sure?" He reached over and squeezed my already hard member as I let out a soft moan. "I want it as much as you do." He then unbuttoned my jeans and pulled out my cock through the fly of my boxers and gave me the best blowjob I've ever had. As he deep throated my member, he managed to strip both of us of our clothes as he continued to pleasure me causing me to moan and squirm in my seat. After a few minutes I felt close which he must have known too (technically he should anyway since we've did that so much BUT that is another story) because he pulled off and pulled up for a kiss. It was weird tasting my own precum as he switched it into my mouth. He pulled back and had a grin on his face. "If you make this hurt, Sam I promise when I return the favor it will be much MUCH worse." That caused us both to laugh as he opened up the tube and handed it to me. "I trust you," he said with obvious discomfort in his voice as we moved into the backseat. "Don't worry buddy. I'll make sure you're good and ready and take my time. If you need me to stop just tell me." I lubed up my fingers and his hole as I worked one finger into his tight hole. It felt like my finger was on fire with all of the heat around it. I moved it around until I found the spot and moved it back and forth. It caused Andrew to moan loudly and squirm. I worked in another finger and eventually a third as Andrew was thrashing about in pleasure. During this time I had myself lubed on pretty good so I was waiting on him anxiously. "...Oh...oh...Sam do it now," Andrew said out of breath. I flipped him on his back and eased the tip of my cock to his newly stretched hole. I had him on his back for two reasons: to watch his face while this happened and also to make sure he wasn't in pain. I slowly slid it in as I saw him cringe his teeth. "Want me to stop?" "No, just hold on a sec." I waited for him to give me the go ahead and I slid it in inch by inch pausing to give him time to adjust to the pain. I see why everyone loved this so much. His ass felt like a tight hot glove. I tried, and I mean really tried to keep it slow, but it felt too good. I started to slam away as I pulled out leaving in only the head and slammed back in. We both were moaning in pleasure as I used my other hand to jack him off. He wasn't able to take much more as I could feel his ass clamp down on me as he began to moan and shoot rope after rope onto his chest and abs. I wasn't able to hold on much longer with the tight grip around my dick forcing me to shoot into him. We kissed and cleaned up as we put our clothes back on. He fell asleep on my lap as I drove back into town. He would complain a few days later that he was having a little trouble walking which caused me to laugh along with his brother and Justin since they knew the reason. It also was funny that when I dropped him off at home that night, he had a HUGE wet spot on the back of his jeans...hmm. Back to life though as things began to change. The following Wednesday, I was off BUT got called in to pick up some supplies from the Broadmoor store. When I got there, Mike and Toby were talking about some store layout ideas. They of course dropped their conversation to let loose with some jokes. I of course laughed it off and just wanted to get the stuff so I could go back home. That didn't happen though. Andrew was with me and I introduced him to Mike and Toby as he just nodded in acknowledgment. Mike also took a moment to introduce me to some of his other staff members. Jason his assistant manager and the other was the main purpose of me putting this in here to begin with: Tim. When our eyes met I was kind of caught off guard. I was surprised in the sense that his looks reminded me so much of Andrew. Strong firm jaw, similar eyes, a similar build (I would later find out that he lifted weights religiously). The only difference was the hair. His wasn't spiky. They honestly could have passed as brothers. We started talking and I found out that he was a junior in Palmer. Cool, I thought in the back of my head. Maybe he could become friends with me and Andrew. We started talking briefly, but I caught on quickly to Andrew's lack of interest in talking. I quickly told him we'd talk later (we work together so it was bound to happen anyway) so I could avoid as much anger from Andrew as possible. We got the shelves we came for and loaded them into my car. You knew I was going to hear about Tim on the way back. "I don't like that guy." "You don't even know him Andrew. I know what you're thinking and you don't have to worry about it. I'm not interested in him." That diffused it pretty quick. "Ok...Well I do have to admit that he is pretty hot though. Maybe you should see if he'd be interested in a 3-way." He joked. We laughed and headed back to the store. After dropping the shelves off, we hung out at the mall. The rest of November was uneventful. I did make an effort to get to know Tim better which Andrew despised. He was cool and we hit it off as friends instantly. When I couldn't hang out with Andrew or Justin, you usually could find me with him. Jake was another teen that worked at Mike's store. I got along with him as well, but there was a bond between Tim and myself. I could sense it and I also made sure to be very careful around him. Let me make myself clear though. I was fully committed to Andrew. I wasn't trying to stray from the nest so to speak. It's just that Tim kind of had that aura about him. He wasn't cocky or arrogant. He was a really shy person...I picked up on that right away. But there was just this thing about him. It made me nervous to be alone with him for awhile, but once I saw how he was (no evil intentions is what I'm getting at), I shut down the shields. Hmm, my manager got fired at the end of the month (great timing...right after Thanksgiving and just in time for the mad rush of Christmas shoppers). With things being in shambles at my store, I was actually asked to work at the Broadmoor store until things got in order. Jason and I switched and I can't say that I was complaining. Andrew was because he knew that I would really be around Tim a lot. There were lots of times that he would come to the store to "check" and see how I was doing. Of course, I was happy to see him, but not for that reason. I think I had a pretty good track record of being faithful (2 years for those keeping track). I'm not really the jealous type, but I could see why he was. I don't know how many times I reassured him that I wouldn't do anything. Well a couple of nights before Christmas, I was working alone with Tim and his cousin (Joey) was there as well. Joey is the polar opposite of Tim personality wise. They were always at odds like brothers, but I know that they would be lost without each other. They both smoked (Tim just cigarettes and Joey a few more addictive drugs) and I never had a problem with that. I'd been around smokers all my life (hmm, maybe that should tell me something...) and have never smoked. I didn't mind just standing around and chatting with them when they did that. Well, Joey and Tim got into an argument as we were closing down and Tim kicked his cousin out. Joey hopped on his skateboard and took off to wherever he planned on going. After we got everything shut down, neither of us felt like going home so we turned on the PS2 and played DBZ: Budokai, or was it 3? Anyway, it's a fighting game that I sucked at and he was really good at. I kept my cool though since I really didn't mind the losing. He was becoming one of my best friends and I was just happy that he wanted to spend time with me...that sounded really weird. Understand that I do get attached to my friends though. So we were playing when the conversation started up. "So Sam, why doesn't Andrew like me?" He asked still focused on the game. "He's jealous for whatever reason." "What does he have to be jealous of me about?" I knew the answer, but just dropped it. I couldn't think of a logical answer without spitting out the truth at that point in time. "So Tim...why don't you date anybody?" "No girls really interest me right now." "Oh ok." We continued to play and talked about a few other random things until it got close to midnight. We played one last match and I came within a few hits of beating him. After losing I slumped to the ground mocking agony as I laughed away another loss. I playfully threw the controller at him which started a wrestling match. He was a little stronger than me, but I AM a wrestler. I quickly gained the upper hand before things got too far out of control. As I had him forcefully pinned down to the ground, I could see that his shirt had fallen over his face...I couldn't help but look and quickly felt guilty afterwards. He was very developed and I could see that his boxers were a little low. Before my mind could even process any dirty thoughts, I let him go and quickly turned around a little embarrassed. He grabbed me from behind to tackle me, but he sensed the energy had left my body. He let me go and proceeded to close down the store. I knew nothing had fully happened, but I felt bad that if I wouldn't have let him go that things could have gotten worse. I didn't get the sense that he was gay, but I also didn't get the sense he wasn't. This was a situation that I wasn't sure how to handle since it wasn't something I was really used to. I guess the shields would have to go back up. We chatted as I took him home (he didn't have a car yet). I was nervous, but did a good job of hiding it. We were both teenagers so being playful was something that always happened. After dropping him off, I went straight to bed. I needed some time to sort some things out. Christmas was fun. I got Andrew some games along with a shirt he had been hinting at for the last few months. I also got Justin a few things as well. I always tried to take care of my best friends. I did notice something though. The last few days of the month, Andrew had been acting very different. He was a shell of his former self. I didn't know why and neither did his brother. We tried to get him out of it, but it seemed like a lot of times we weren't even there. My first though was that he was getting suicidal, but that wouldn't be the case. On the 3rd of January, I went over to his house after work. We were in the middle of getting ready for inventory so instead of getting off at 9:30, it was more like 11. I snuck in his window as he had his window open watching TV. It was odd since it was really cold (around 20 degrees...below freezing for you that keep track in Celsius) and he was sitting on top of his bed with just boxers on. I closed the window after getting in his room and he seemed lifeless. I pulled back the sheets and forced to get under as I did as well. "Andrew you have to talk to me. What is up with you? You haven't been yourself lately." "Sam, there is something I need to know." He said looking up into my eyes as he rested his head on my chest. "What?" "Would you ever leave me?" "Of course I wouldn't. I love you." Neither of us used the l-word much, but we knew that the other felt the same way so we didn't need to say it. "What if I died?" That question caught me off guard. "What the hell? What kind of question is that?" "I just need to know, Sam." "What do you mean?" "If I died, would you move on to another Tim?" He was very worried about him obviously. "Andrew...Tim is just a good friend and you know that. Yea, I admit that he is good-looking, but so are Mario and Justin. I am lucky because I have you. The perfect boyfriend, the best looking guy in the world, and you are all that I will ever want and need. I could never see myself with anyone else ever." That had caused both of us to cry. "I need you to promise me something." "Anything..." "Promise me that if I die, you'll never date another guy." "I promise, Andrew." We sealed it with a kiss which led to much more for that night. We made sure to keep quiet to not wake his parents as we repeated the backseat events from my last birthday. As we laid together I felt a very strange presence. Suddenly his demeanor changed, his body became very cold, and he went back into his quiet mode. It was like I wasn't even there. I didn't understand it. Was he mad at me? Did I do something wrong? Was it people at school? I cried as I drove home that night. Little did I know what I would be in store for the next day. My world was about to be changed... ***************************************************************************** Sorry for the extremely late update guys and gals. No excuses, and I will assure you that work on the next chapter is going good. It was supposed to be a short chapter, but I decided to combine it just like I have done with the last two updates. Gives you more to read. Well, this next chapter will signal the end of Part 2 of the series. Today is the first day, I've really had a chance to check my email and I don't think I'll be able to catch back up this time. 172 regarding the story!!! I'll try to come up with a plan, but I'm not really sure that I'll be able to get back replies to everyone. I'm not even sure where I left off with some of the people I have been chatting with since Justin (cough cough) didn't unmark the ones he printed out (sighs) :( Also, I want to thank him for helping me out the last few weeks (both physically and mentally). Won't have a better friend in the world. For those of you that don't know, I went to see Brokeback Mountain (1st time) alone. I got into an argument with a few gay-bashers during the movie and was jumped afterwards. I'm fine now and am happy to be back on my feet. Just a few bumps and bruises so nothing to worry too much about. Thankfully, the rest of my "health" is in good shape. Cancer is under control at the moment and I have my right arm free again (that will be explained later). I know I have more to say, but my mind is pulling a blank right now...well I guess I should say this. This next chapter is one that I would prefer no responses to. I have enough emails to answer as it is, and I don't want to have to answer any about this one at all. Thanks for the recovery/best wishes from you guys and I'll be working away at the next chapter. 80 percent done and I'll get it out as soon as I'm finished. 18 down, 12 to go! Chapter 19: January 4th, 2005 and the Aftermath
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/118915
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4/7 Dr Andy Kanter, MD, MPH, on Press Conference May 4th 2012
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Nuclear Power is not the Answer
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/118951
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Chapter 5
Laboratory Manual for Physical Geology, 3rd edition
Pre-Lab Questions
Answer the following questions from information presented in this chapter.
1. What is a quadrangle?
Quadrangle - A mapped section of the earth’s surface which is bounded by lines of longitude and latitude.
2. Describe latitude and longitude lines and give the base line (zero degree line) for each.
Latitude – angular distance from the equator measured north or south --Lines of latitude vary from 0o - 90o north and 0o - 90o south. Latitude lines are called parallels.
Longitude - angular distance measured east to west from the Prime Meridian which is 0o longitude -- Longitude lines are called meridians. They range from 0o - 1800 west and east.
This simple tutorial is very good at helping understand latitude and longitude
Here is a straightforward and easy to read overview of latitude and longitude
The coordinates of point B are:
40oS, 20oW
Remember your direction and that latitude should always be expressed first.
3. How are degrees of latitude and longitude subdivided?
Minutes (‘) and seconds (“)
4. What is meant by magnetic declination?
Magnetic declination - The angle formed between the direction of true north and magnetic north.
An FAQ page on magnetic declination
5. Convert the fractional scale of 1:24000 to a verbal scale of
a. one inch = 2000 feet
b. one inch = 0.38 miles (one mile = 5280 feet)
6. How do you calculate the total relief on a topographic map?
7. What is a contour line?
Contour line - a line on the map which shows and connects points of equal elevation
8. What is meant by contour interval on a topographic map?
Contour interval - the vertical difference in the elevation between adjacent contour lines
Using contour interval to determine elevation
How to determine contour interval:
From this area of a map we can see that two of the index contours are labelled 6000 and 6400, with 4 intermediate contour lines between them. This means that there are five "steps" between 6000 and 6400. 400/5 = 80, so the contour interval is 80 feet. Be sure you are comfortable with the display of contours in topographic maps, as shown at the USGS web site, and with the rules for contour lines listed in figure 9.5 on page 150. We will see an application of the "Supplementary Contour Line" in our work in lab with desert landforms. This web site has good information on contour lines and other means of depicting relief on maps.
9. How do you recognize an index contour?
Index contours - thicker and darker than normal contour lines. Every 5th contour line is an index contour.
10. In what topographic situation will contour lines merge?
Contour lines merge when there is a vertical cliff.
11. Complete the following sentences (Click on answers to reach examples):
a. Concentric, closed contours represent ____________hill_____________________.
b. Closed contours with hachure marks represent ________depression__________________.
c. When contour lines cross a stream they ______v” upstream_________________________.
12. What is meant by vertical exaggeration?
Vertical exaggeration is an expression of the relationship between the vertical scale and horizontal scale of a topographic profile. It is a means to show the features of an area that does not change greatly in elevation.
13. How is VE (vertical exaggeration) calculated?
Vertical Scale divided by Horizontal Scale.
Basics of vertical exagerration
14. How does a topographic profile differ from a topographic map?
A topographic profile (side view) shows features that otherwise would not be present on a topographic map (aerial view).
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/118963
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Resource studies indicate large gas potential in Bangladesh
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/118974
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/118998
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advanced.html [plain text]
<TITLE>Cyrus SASL Library -- Advanced Usage</TITLE>
<h1>Cyrus SASL library, version 2.0</h1>
<h2>Notes for Advanced Usage of libsasl</h2>
<h3>Using Cyrus SASL as a static library</h3>
As of v2.0.2-ALPHA, Cyrus SASL supports the option to compile all of the
supported mechanisms and glue code into a single static library that may
be linked into any application. In practice, this saves memory by avoiding
the need to have a jump table for each process's reference into the shared
library, and ensures that all the mechanisms are loaded when the application
loads (thus reducing the overhead of loading the DSOs).<P>
However, this is not a recommended procedure to use in general. It loses
the flexibility of the DSOs that allow one to simply drop in a new mechanism
that even currently-running applications will see for each new connection.
That is, if you choose to use the static version of the library, not only
will you need to recompile the library each time you add a mechanism (provided
the mechanisms even support being compiled staticly), but you will need to
recompile every application that uses Cyrus SASL as well.<P>
However, if you are sure you wish to use a static version of Cyrus SASL,
compile it by giving <tt>configure</tt> the <tt>--enable-static</tt> option.
This will compile <b>both</b> a dynamic and a static version. Then, whenever
an application links to libsasl, it will also need to explicitly pull in
any dynamic libraries that may be needed by Cyrus SASL. Most notably, these
might include the GSSAPI, Kerberos, and Database libraries. To avoid compiling
the dynamic version, pass <tt>--disable-shared</tt>.<P>
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119008
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Measure 59
Text of Measure
The following section shall be added to and made part of the Oregon Revised Statutes:
Section 1. Prohibition on Double Taxation. Whereas it is unjust for one government to impose an income tax on money a taxpayer has been required to pay to another government as an income tax; therefore, for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2010, no Oregon taxpayer shall be required to pay to the state, a local government, or other taxing district, an income tax of any kind on money paid to the federal government as federal income taxes. All money paid to the federal government to satisfy, wholly or in part, a taxpayer's federal income tax obligation for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2010 shall be fully deductible against income on the taxpayer's Oregon income tax return. This section applies only to (i) federal income taxes paid on income subject to tax in Oregon, and (ii) federal income taxes, including capital gains taxes, paid by individuals. This section does not apply to corporate income taxes or corporate excise taxes.
Section 2. This 2008 Act supersedes any existing law or rule with which it conflicts. If any phrase, clause or part of this 2008 Act is determined to be invalid by a court of competent jurisdiction, the remaining phrases, clauses, and parts shall remain in full force and effect.
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119014
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Permalink for comment 18155
Nice tutorial
by ulib on Sun 14th Aug 2005 17:47 UTC
Member since:
This guide is quite useful, especially now that the PC-BSD project is still in its infancy.
Of course, once the number of .pbi packages grows ( ), it won't be necessary to run install scripts that leverage the FreeBSD ports, like in the case of the installations explained.
Anyway, the scripts in this guide are also a way for a beginner to come in touch with FreeBSD ports. ;)
Even if the .pbi packages are the easiest way - and so, the most suitable to people not so interested in the "inner workings" - I think everyone who wants to become familiar with Unix will eventually start to use ports much more (PC-BSD is just a layer of user-friendliness; under the hood there's a complete FreeBSD operating system).
For that purpose the FreeBSD handbook would be, as usual, the best starting point
Reply Score: 1
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119015
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Permalink for comment 310787
RE: Note to future contestants
by jwwf on Mon 21st Apr 2008 21:05 UTC in reply to "Note to future contestants"
Member since:
Both of those quoted sentences are factual, and I think it's important to understand that technology and politics are never isolated subjects.
However, I understand the spirit of your sentiment. In my defense, I wrote the article both to educate and to entertain. If a person just wants to know about Solaris filesystems, the Sun docs are way better than anything I might write.
Reply Parent Score: 9
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119017
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Thread beginning with comment 464208
Comment by shotsman
by shotsman on Sun 27th Feb 2011 19:52 UTC
Member since:
When writing a driver for VAX/VMS, there were a few rules to follow.
The interrupt elevated the IPL (interrupt priority level) above 0.
You handled the immediate stuff at that elevated IPL (1-15) in as few instructions as possible.
THen you dropped the IPL down to 0 so that other devices could interrupt when they needed.
It was all quite straightforward.
Reply Score: 2
RE: Comment by shotsman
by Neolander on Sun 27th Feb 2011 20:01 in reply to "Comment by shotsman"
Neolander Member since:
Heh, I've just read the VAX-11 documentation following the advice of someone else... Indeed, the IPL system sounded like an interesting way of prioritizing interrupts.
However, I wonder if it was as safe as nowadays' schemes where you disable interrupts altogether until the basic interrupt handler which saves the CPU's state is done. Wouldn't there be a risk of smashing register values or trashing the stack if an interrupt occurs while another interrupt is being processed ?
Or is it the case that the VAX fully saves the CPU state on the stack all by itself (kind of like hardware multitasking) ? I thought it only saved the PC and the PSL...
Edited 2011-02-27 20:11 UTC
Reply Parent Score: 1
RE[2]: Comment by shotsman
by Anachronda on Mon 28th Feb 2011 19:12 in reply to "RE: Comment by shotsman"
Anachronda Member since:
VAX indeed only saves PC and PSL. There may also be a stack change depending upon what the processor was doing. That's enough; the instruction set is powerful enough to allow the ISRs to manage saving the remainder of the context in a re-entrant manner.
A VAX kernel is essentially a primitive RTOS for which scheduling is managed by the interrupt system.
The interrupt hardware includes a mechanism for software to request interrupts, the Software Interrupt Request Register. Setting a bit in the SIRR requests an interrupt at the associated IPL.
The fundamental rules for managing IPL in the kernel are:
<ul><li>You can always raise IPL. Since you have the CPU, you are the highest-priority task running.
<li>If you have raised IPL, you can lower it to your original IPL without additional effort.
<li>If you need to lower IPL below your original IPL, you have to make other arrangements. This is usually done by pushing a "fork block" onto a queue and requesting a software interrupt.
If these rules are followed, the hardware can guarantee that the processor is executing the highest-priority IPL.
A fork block consists of a queue entry that contains a minimal processor context; typically, only a handful of register values. The ISR for interrupts generated by the SIRR saves that handful of registers then grabs a fork block from its queue, loads the handful of registers from it, and calls the function indicated by the fork block. For VMS, the SIRR ISR saves only R0 through R5, and pulls R3 and R4 from the fork block (R5 is used to hold the address of the fork block). If the called function needs more registers than that saved, it must save them.
Since the VAX processor has interlocked queue instructions, it takes astonishingly few instructions for an ISR to fire off a fork block.
Operating system resources are serialized by requiring they be manipulated at a specified IPL; for example, memory is allocated at IPL 8. An ISR operating at a higher IPL must queue a fork block to be able to lower IPL far enough to allocate memory.
This originally got extended to multiprocessors by using spinlocks to ensure that only one processor was running at a given IPL. Processors can also interrupt each other using doorbell interrupts. Since then, the spinlock scheme has gotten finer.
Reply Parent Score: 2
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Imaginative interpretation of the OT, excluding sections concerning the Law. Legends, parables, and anecdotes about historical figures (Abraham, Moses, etc.) proliferate; the purpose is to make the stories come alive for the author's own generation. Something of the method is at work in the books of Chronicles, and it was practised in NT times at Qumran and within the NT by Matthew (in chs. 1 and 2). Evidence that other NT writers were familiar with haggadic material is in Paul's reference to the Law being given by angels rather than directly by God (Gal. 3: 19) and to the legend of Michael the archangel in Jude 9.
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119039
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my Profile
kids at risk
Posted by: old_user on Apr-20-11 2:42 PM (EST)
How old is this article? I haven't heard the term juvenile delinquent in years. Great story.
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• kids at risk - old_user - Apr-20-11 2:42 PM
Messages in this Topic
About 1985
Posted by: cliffjacobson on Apr-25-11 1:35 PM (EST)
Yep, that article is old--like about 1985 or therabouts. And it happened just the way I wrote it. I might add that the leaders were very experienced and when I met them, they seemed rather unruffled by the experience. Yes, we no longer use the term "juvenile delinquents", but that is exactly what they were. Glad you found the article interesting.
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119063
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Identity and Assimilation
LeAnne Howe talks with “Chief Henry” Lambert.LeAnne Howe talks with “Chief Henry” Lambert.
Stereotypes are oversimplified conceptions or beliefs about groups of people. Since their first contact with Native Americans, Europeans sent back literary depictions of the inhabitants of the "New World."
What these writers encountered were a few of the over 2,000 indigenous cultures that existed on the North American continent. The writers couldn't and didn't take the time to get to know all of those cultures, but lumped them into one classification — "Indians." Then they wrote about what they had expected to find in the New World — "savages." Heathen and barbarian were other words often used in these narratives. The stereotype die had been cast.
Individual Indians could be good, but the group had to be bad to justify the superiority of European civilization and the legal and moral rationale to take the land of the indigenous inhabitants.
Henry Lambert dresses up in the regalia of a plains Indian because that’s what the tourists expect to see.
Click here to watch a video clip
Over the years, one media succeeded another. Newspapers, books, dime novels, photographs, recordings, film, radio and television have all used Indians, usually as foils for the heroic settlers in search of their manifest destiny. Over hundreds of years and thousands of works, very few depictions have come close to reality.
In general, the stereotypes can be divided into three broad categories:
• Mental. Native peoples have been firmly placed in the lower echelons of intelligence. One meaning of the word "dirty" implies stupidity, and we are all familiar with the terms "dirty redskin, filthy heathen."
• Sexual. A Native American is often portrayed as a bestial creature, rather than a human being. They are elements of nature. A common narrative involves lustful savages attacking white women, only to be killed by heroic white men.
• The Nobel Redman. These are the few "good" Indians written into the plot to heighten the drama. In recent years, a variation on the theme involves the "Noble Ecologist" living in sustainable harmony with the Earth.
But it was not until 1970 that the first actual Indian tribal member appeared in a lead role in a motion picture. That actor was Chief Dan George cast as Old Lodge Skins in "Little Big Man."
Since 1970, there have been a few attempts at a more nuanced and realistic portrait of Native American lives and history. But the stereotypes persist, and Indians themselves are well aware of their power.
In Spiral of Fire, LeAnne Howe was "not prepared for the tourist spectacle I find. The stoic wooden Indians, cheesy dream catchers on sale in every store, Pocahontas dolls, the worst Hollywood stereotypes, all marketed by the Cherokees themselves."
Henry Lambert may be "chiefing," dressed up as a Plains Indian 1,500 miles from the Great Plains — but he has no doubts about what the tourists expect, and he has no doubts about his own identity. "I didn't have to play the part of being an Indian," he says. "I just dress the way people wanted me to dress so to capitalize on what they were showing American people on the movies."
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Related Content: Nuclear Weapons en June 21, 2013 <p>President Obama in Europe for a G8 summit and his first Berlin trip since 2008, the U.S. attempts peace talks with Afghanistan and the Taliban, progress on immigration reform and failure of the farm bill in Congress, and the NSA disclosed that they foiled more than 50 terrorist attacks. Joining Gwen: Peter Baker, New York Times; Indira Lakshmanan, Bloomberg News; Ed O’Keefe, Washington Post; Tom Gjelten, NPR.</p> <div class="field field-type-text field-field-show-video"> <div class="field-label">Show Video link: </div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field-type-text field-field-webcast-video"> <div class="field-label">Webcast Extra Video link: </div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field-type-text field-field-transcript"> <div class="field-label">Transcript: </div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <p><b>GWEN IFILL:</b> The beginning of the end in Afghanistan; the end of the beginning on immigration reform; and secrets, secrets, secrets, tonight on “Washington Week.”</p> <p><b>SENATOR LINDSEY GRAHAM (R-SC) [Senate Minority Leader]: </b>(From tape.) So I am very pleased to support what I think is the most dramatic amendment in the history of our country to secure our border at a time when we need it secured.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL: </b>The Senate takes giant steps toward immigration reform. But in the House, new battles break out.</p> <p><b>REPRESENTATIVE NANCY PELOSI (D-CA) [House Minority Leader]: </b> (From tape.) It’s silly. It’s sad. It’s juvenile. It’s unprofessional. It’s amateur hour.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL:</b> As lawmakers defect on the left and the right over a massive farm bill.</p> <p><b>MR. : </b> (From tape.) The bill is not passed.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL: </b>Will anything get done now? The president focuses his energies abroad, on Afghanistan.</p> <p><b>PRESIDENT BARACK OBAMA: </b>(From tape.) We had anticipated that at the outset there were going to be some areas of friction, to put it mildly, in getting this thing off the ground.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL:</b> And on Syria.</p> <p><b>PRESIDENT OBAMA:</b> (From tape.) And with respect to Syria, we do have different perspectives on the problem, but we share an interest.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL: </b> But does he have the juice to get things done? And Mr. Obama steps up his defense of the government’s extensive surveillance program.</p> <p><b>PRESIDENT OBAMA:</b> (From tape.) We know of at least 50 threats that have been averted because of this information.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL:</b> Covering an eventful week, Ed O’Keefe of the Washington Post; Peter Baker of the New York Times; Indira Lakshmanan of Bloomberg News; and Tom Gjelten of NPR.</p> <p><b>ANNOUNCER:</b> Award-winning reporting and analysis, covering history as it happens, live from our nation’s capital this is “Washington Week with Gwen Ifill.”</p> <p>(Station announcements.)</p> <p><b>ANNOUNCER:</b> Once again, live from Washington, moderator Gwen Ifill.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL: </b>Good evening. It appears the Senate may have finally come up with a deal on immigration that spends a lot more money on border security and provides a path to eventual citizenship for people living in the country illegally.</p> <p>Great news, right? But don’t take your eye off the House, which stopped a huge agriculture bill, the kind of legislation that used to be a slam dunk, in its tracks. That’s where the immigration bill could be headed as well.</p> <p><b>REPRESENTATIVE JOHN BOEHNER (R-OH)</b> [House Majority Leader]: (From tape.) I don’t see any way of bringing an immigration bill to the floor that doesn’t have the majority support of Republicans.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL: </b> But John Boehner couldn’t get majority support on the farm bill either. So much hanging in the balance, Ed.</p> <p><b>ED O’KEEFE: </b>There really is. An 800-page, $20 billion immigration measure became a $50 billion, 1,100 page immigration bill just today, an incredibly big agreement now that will basically, you know, militarize the U.S.-Mexico border.</p> <p>You’re going to double the size of the U.S. Border Patrol, if this plan goes through, bringing 40,000, you know, members of the Border Patrol to – down along – as Chuck Schumer said this week, you could put a Border Patrol agent every 1,000 feet, from San Diego all the way to Brownsville, Texas.</p> <p>As an immigration advocate put it to me this week, we now have the second most militarized border in the world behind the Koreas.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL:</b> I have been along that border and I can’t quite envision how they do this, even physically, but where do they get the money -- all this money all of a sudden?</p> <p><b>MR. O’KEEFE:</b> There’s a combination of things. There are various fees that are involved in applying for visas and for other services that are done through the immigration bill. They’re going to take money from that.</p> <p>They also got a score this week from the Congressional Budget Office that suggested that this actually was trimming a lot more from the deficit in the coming years than they initially expected. So when Republicans came to them with the idea of adding more Border Patrol agents, and Democrats and Republicans in the Gang of Eight said initially that’s too much money, well, then the CBO score arrived, and they said, wait a second. Actually, now we have some money to play with. Perhaps we can do this.</p> <p><b>TOM GJELTEN:</b> Ed, is that really the key to getting this immigration bill passed? I mean, what is – what is that provision? What are those provisions going to add that are going to swing people from opposing this to supporting it?</p> <p><b>MR. O’KEEFE: </b> It allows about a dozen Republican senators to say, I have now convinced the gang of eight to fortify security along the border. And the biggest GOP concern, making sure that the border is secure, can now happen.</p> <p>Now, there’s still about 10, maybe 15 Republican senators who do not like this because it doesn’t go far enough, but it will bring along, many believe, about a dozen. Guys like Mark Kirk of Illinois, Lamar Alexander, Bob Corker of Tennessee. Corker was instrumental in getting this deal done. Others, perhaps people like Tom Coburn; Kelly Ayotte of New Hampshire has said that she is on board as well. The goal is to get to about 70 because then it will set it up in a way that perhaps the House can’t ignore it.</p> <p><b>PETER BAKER:</b> Yeah. The name you didn’t mention just now is Barack Obama, president of the United States. Where is he on this? And if you listen to the Republicans, he has absolutely nothing to do about it. If you listen to the White House, they’ll say quietly, covertly, we’re really actually, you know, pretty involved. What’s the role of the White House in all of this?</p> <p><b>MR. O’KEEFE: </b>Well, the president is about a phone call away. Now, we know that Senator Chuck Schumer of New York, who has been the lead Democratic negotiator, did keep in touch with the president while he was overseas -- in fact, had a few phone calls cut off as the president was flying on Air Force One.</p> <p>And, basically, they’re keeping the White House in the loop. They were kept abreast of the situation regarding this deal on the border. And, eventually, the White House said, OK. It looks fine.</p> <p>Apparently, there were some concerns about how you would conceivably hire these people, whether they’ll be government employees or could be private security contractors. All signs suggest that they’re going to be government employees. And so that really puts the onus on the White House to be able to hire 20,000 people in the next decade or the next president has to do that.</p> <p><b>INDIRA LAKSHMANAN: </b> It seems like a great job creation method –</p> <p><b>MR. O’KEEFE: </b> Absolutely.</p> <p><b>MS. LAKSHMANAN:</b> If that’s – if that’s what they’re looking at. This is the new part of his stimulus package.</p> <p><b>MR. O’KEEFE:</b> Perhaps. And they believe that there are 20,000 people out there who would like jobs along the border.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL:</b> But let’s talk about the House, because what we saw happen in the House may be a presager of things to come, the farm bill. Generally, it used to be the thing that brought the urban people who like food stamps and food support programs together with agriculture states, which the farmers liked farm supports. This is a bill that was going to reduce some of that spending, but it crashed and burned. What happened?</p> <p><b>MR. O’KEEFE:</b> It did in an incredibly dramatic fashion. And the real irony is that at the moment that the gang of eight and the Republicans who negotiated this border security agreement were announcing it on the Senate floor, across the Capitol, Republican and Democrats –</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL:</b> That same moment.</p> <p><b>MR. O’KEEFE: </b>The same moment were defeating the farm bill.</p> <p><b>MR. GJELTEN: </b> Now, Boehner said, I can’t bring – I’m not going to bring a bill that doesn’t have majority of Republican support, referring to immigration, to the floor. He didn’t say a conference report. Is there any sort of loophole here that – you know, where they might actually bring the Senate bill in?</p> <p><b>MR. O’KEEFE:</b> This is pure Washington, for people back home going, what? This is the agreement when the House and the Senate pass their versions of the bill and then negotiate an agreement. His aides went back later, and said, no, no, no. He means the conference report also.</p> <p>But, at the end of the week, he was suggesting bipartisanship might come into play when it comes to the immigration issue. So he kind of slightly reversed course by suggesting at this conference on Thursday that, you know, well – you know, hopefully, this will be a bipartisan thing, but it will be – you know, a majority support situation.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL: </b> But he has caucuses, people within his caucus who don’t seem interested in listening to whatever he says.</p> <p><b>MR. O’KEEFE:</b> Yes, that is true. I mean, you’ve got the ardent tea party-backed Republicans who have – are more interested in pleasing groups like the Heritage Foundation than they are – and worrying about the speaker and the majority leader.</p> <p>This was an incredible meltdown. Republicans will blame Democrats who says they had assured them at least 40 votes in support. But there was an amendment to the farm bill regarding the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, what people know as food stamps. It was an amendment that said, basically, if you’re collecting food stamps, you have to be working. The idea was that you’re not getting a free handout.</p> <p>Republicans got it under the bill. Then they asked for a vote. And the moment that they asked for a vote, the Democrats said, hold on a second. Now we don’t want to play ball. And the ranking Democrat told Eric Cantor, (we know how it works ?).</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL:</b> This is why America loves us so much or at least loves them.</p> <p>The president’s European journey this week was a typical foreign trip – face to face with other leaders, strolls in the Irish countryside, a big speech at Berlin’s Brandenburg Gate.</p> <p>But there were a lot of loose ends that no G-8 summit could resolve. Among them, the end of America’s longest war, the bloody civil war in Syria, and the on-again, off-again peace talks with the Taliban, which he conceded may be tough to pull off.</p> <p><b>PRESIDENT OBAMA: </b>(From tape.) Not only have the Taliban and the Afghan government been fighting for a long time; they’re fighting as we speak. I mean, we’re in the middle of a war.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL:</b> Is there any worry that in the rush to get out of Afghanistan or to get all of these things going at once that the president may be overreaching, Indira?</p> <p><b>MS. LAKSHMANAN:</b> Well, I think he’s got to reach. I mean, he’s go to try. As he has been saying for a few years now, you know, you can’t end a war in Afghanistan just militarily. There’s got to be some form of reconciliation.</p> <p>So it’s been a few years that the president and his administration have been talking about this idea of fight, talk and build: keep fighting against the Taliban; at the same time, try to build reconstruction projects; and, at the same time, we have to figure out a way to talk with them and come to a peaceful solution.</p> <p>The problem is, of course, that within 24 hours, less than 24 hours of this idea being announced, there were going to be talks with the Taliban. It all seemed to come crashing down initially.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL:</b> But this is a kind of a critical week. This is the week of the formal handover. This is the week in which the Afghans have to prove that they’re up to the security task. And then this collapses. Is there despair? Is there a plan B?</p> <p><b>MS. LAKSHMANAN: </b>Well, let’s point out that President Karzai just this morning has already said that he’s willing to come back to talks with the Taliban as long as the Taliban gets rid of that name plate.</p> <p>Just to back up a little for people. I mean, this became – the idea of having Taliban talks between the U.S. and the Taliban and also the Taliban and the Afghan government ended up becoming a public relations coup for the Taliban, who set up something in Qatar, in Doha, that was like a foreign embassy with a flag and a plaque with the old name they used to use when they were in charge of Afghanistan. And that was really what sent President Karzai’s nose out of joint. He said, no way. Take down the flag. Take down the plaque or else we’re not going to talk to you at all.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL:</b> Well, Peter, so the president is trying to keep all these balls in the air: Afghanistan, which always is problematical; Syria, intervention there; probably economic conversations he was supposed to be having at the G-8. How is he perceived in the second term on the world stage?</p> <p><b>MR. BAKER:</b> Well, the bloom is off the rose, right? I mean, this is no longer the novelty figure that was the last time he visited Berlin as a candidate in 2008. He shows up at the Brandenburg Gate to give a speech. There’s about 4,500 people there as opposed to 200,000.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL:</b> Two hundred thousand.</p> <p><b>MR. BAKER:</b> Yeah. And he’s behind this – I don’t know if you saw on television, behind this sort of glass barrier that made him look like he was in an aquarium. It was a security thing, clearly Secret Service, bullet proof, but it was done in a way that as he talked about bringing down barriers seemed a little odd.</p> <p>But, you know, he’s not the new guy on the block anymore. He’s got tough relations with Putin. He’s got tough relations with President Xi from China. Even Angela Merkel, who’s been friendly toward him, gave him a little bit of an earful about the NSA surveillance thing. So it was not the most fun trip he’s going to have this year.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL: </b> Can we talk about the Putin meeting, which we saw a little bit of? That was not the warmest, fuzziest moment I’ve ever seen on a long day.</p> <p><b>MR. GJELTEN:</b> He looked like a sullen teenager the way he was slumping.</p> <p><b>MS. LAKSHMANAN:</b> Yeah, slumped in his seat.</p> <p><b>MR. BAKER: </b> Both of them, right? This is – with any Putin meeting, I really think the picture tells the story. You know, it’s worth 1,000 words. They do not like each other. They do not get along. They’re very different personalities.</p> <p><b>MS. LAKSHMANAN: </b> Putin even brushed off his attempt to make a joke in a very embarrassing way.</p> <p><b>MR. BAKER:</b> He did. Putin – Obama made a joke about how, well, we’re both getting older. He’s older at judo. I’m older at basketball. It probably didn’t go over well with Putin.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL:</b> In translation.</p> <p><b>MR. BAKER:</b> Well, also because Putin has been on the defense at home about his age and health. So I don’t think Putin took that all that well. So, you know, this is not a meeting of friends. And they had a lot to disagree about, particularly Syria. And that’s one thing we’re not going to settle in this week I think.</p> <p><b>MR. O’KEEFE:</b> When you walk away from this week though – there were G-8 meetings, there was the speech in Berlin – really, what was the point of the week? And did the White House really accomplish anything that it had planned to accomplish?</p> <p><b>MR. BAKER:</b> I don’t think they can call this a week of accomplishment. I think that they look at this in a long-term fashion. This is building toward what they hope will be some progress on various issues.</p> <p>Syria is only going to work in their view if they can get Putin and Russia on board for some sort of peace process that brings Bashar al-Assad, the president of Syria, to the table. It may be a far-fetched wish on their part, given Putin’s obvious attitudes, but they see that as the only real key. And this week was an important part toward getting there.</p> <p>There’s another meeting between Putin and Obama in September, in Russia. He’s going to go to St. Petersburg for another summit. He did agree to go to Moscow as well, so, you know, that’s the next step.</p> <p><b>MR. GJELTEN:</b> So, Indira, to what extent is the calendar working against this administration, you know, in all of these areas? I mean, we have a president in his second term. Second terms always seem to be more disappointing than first terms. And with respect to Afghanistan, I mean, the U.S. is committed to pulling out the end of next year. What reason is there for the Taliban to negotiate a peace agreement with the United States and Karzai at this point?</p> <p><b>MS. LAKSHMANAN:</b> Right. It’s a question that a lot of people are asking, whether the Taliban is simply trying to run down the clock until we and NATO have committed to pull out all of our combat forces by the end of 2014.</p> <p>What I think is really interesting though, is you look at the surveys -- the public opinion surveys in Afghanistan. And I was stunned to see that 93 percent of Afghans express confidence in their 350,000-strong Afghan Security Forces that they have now. So that means at least the Afghans themselves think there’s a chance, a good chance that the Afghan Security Forces, backed by whatever residual forces we may be able to leave behind – and, remember, that is based on whether we’re going to get this kind of bilateral security agreement, which temporarily Karzai froze discussions about that this week in his frustration.</p> <p>So, you know, we do have a time clock. The question is just, ultimately, you know, Hillary Clinton said this 100 times. Every war eventually has a peace process. People have to talk it out. And, you know, we didn’t expect a lot of peace accords.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL:</b> You mentioned Hillary Clinton. What’s become of John Kerry in all of this? Does he have a role in this? And in Syria, as well, I mean, and where we’re trying to fix an identifiable problem a different way than we did in Afghanistan?</p> <p><b>MS. LAKSHMANAN: </b>Well, it’s interesting, because John Kerry is actually headed to Doha right now, Qatar, but he’s not going to be involved in the Afghan-Taliban talks that are planned. That will be run by, you know, his head special representative for Afghanistan and Pakistan, Jim Dobbins.</p> <p>But, you know, I think that John Kerry has put most of his attention and energy into two things since he’s taken office: one is trying to solve Syria and the second is trying to revive Mideast peace. And, on Syria, he spent quite a lot of time as we know in Moscow. He was there back in May. He met with Putin. He met with Lavrov. They came up with this grand idea of this peace conference they were going to have with Syria. But so far –</p> <p><b>MR. BAKER:</b> And then he left and the Russians sold more weapons to Bashar al-Assad. Yeah.</p> <p><b>MS. LAKSHMANAN:</b> That’s exactly what happened. And, you know, went back, he felt, on their word. And then, now, the Russians feel that the Americans have gone back on their word by agreeing to now do something to arm the Syrian opposition more. So a bit of a stalemate on that.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL:</b> Is there anything that this administration has identified – he has a new foreign policy team kind of, sort of in place. He now has someone new at the National Security Council. He’s got someone new at the Department of State. He’s got someone new at the U.N.</p> <p>Do we – with all of these balls he has to keep in the air, including suspicion from places like China, is there a different approach? Is there a pivot away from Asia to something else?</p> <p><b>MR. BAKER: </b> Well, I think you see a little bit of difference in the sense that the decision to arm and send military aid to the Syrian opposition did expose a little bit of differences between some of these players, new and old, with John Kerry in favor of sending more aid, for instance, and the outgoing National Security Adviser Tom Donilon expressing skepticism and concern. So –</p> <p><b>MS. LAKSHMANAN: </b>And the controversy about whether Kerry even possibly wanted to bomb Syria, you know, that whole –</p> <p><b>MR. BAKER: </b>Wanted to bomb Syria, exactly. And I think you’re going to see – you’ll see more of that. You do see a little bit of a pivot in the sense that the president, again, addressed while he was in Germany this nuclear agenda, which he basically has dropped for the last two years. He wants to resume the ability to cut back on the number of warheads we have and do some other things to curb fissile material and so forth, more of an idealistic view that kind of got dropped when the Republicans took over the House and made gains in the Senate.</p> <p>But, you know, it’s a tough time for him. There’s not a lot of bright spots on the foreign policy agenda to speak to. I talked to a White House person today. He said, the best thing about the G-8 is we didn’t talk about the economy. (Laughter.) Because, in fact, they didn’t need to. It wasn’t a crisis compared to previous G-8s. And so the absence of bad news on that front was good news.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL: </b> That’s OK. They came home and the stock market crashed so that gave them plenty to talk about.</p> <p>One more thing about this. And that’s that as we talk about the pullout, we’ve talked about at this table before about the deadlines for actually withdrawing and ending this war formally in Afghanistan. How much more difficult is it from now – between now and next year, when this is actually supposed to be done? We’ve done the political handover. We’ve done the tactical handover. Now what?</p> <p><b>MS. LAKSHMANAN: </b>Well, I mean, we have to figure out a way to responsibly draw down the force, the forces, the NATO and U.S. forces without completely leaving the Afghan forces in the (limb ?). I mean, what the administration has been trying to say all along is this is a gradual process. It’s been taking place over time, and we’re not just abandoning them, that in fact we’ve trained them and we’re going to still be there in the background helping them in one way or another.</p> <p>I think the other question is economic. You know, what is the economic transition in Afghanistan going to look like, because we are not going to be funding them at the levels that we were before. And, also, the post-Karzai picture, because, remember, Afghanistan is up for elections next year, and think about that as well, what is the future government going to be like? So there are a lot of question marks hanging over this process.</p> <p><b>MR. GJELTEN:</b> Just physically getting out of Afghanistan is going to be hard enough.</p> <p><b>MS. LAKSHMANAN:</b> Right.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL:</b> Physically breaking everything down. OK. Well, thank you both very much. It’s very interesting.</p> <p>When it comes to the nation’s secrets, the pendulum appears to be swinging toward keeping more of them. This is how Mike Rogers, the Republican who chairs the House Intelligence Committee, put it.</p> <p><b>REPRESENTATIVE MIKE ROGERS (R-MI):</b> (From tape.) Listen, we still need secrets in the United States. If we’re going to protect Americans, our national security apparatus still needs to keep secrets about how we do things.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL: </b> On this, Rogers and the Obama administration appear to agree. So what are the basics of their argument for why this should be – that secrets should be kept, Tom?</p> <p><b>MR. GJELTEN: </b> Well, we’re still dealing here with the fallout from the NSA revelations about surveillance. And the basic argument is about the need to collect secret personal data. It’s all about data. It’s – that’s where the action is.</p> <p>In this electronic day and age, if you’re going to go after terrorists, you’ll need records of their phone calls, their wire transfers, their e-mails. And because you don’t know who the terrorists are beforehand, you need to collect data like that about as many people as you can, as much data as you can. You need this kind of vast collection.</p> <p>And this was the week when the administration laid out its case, this is why we’re doing that. There was this interesting hearing before the entire House Intelligence Committee, where you had – you had the NSA represented, General Alexander was there, the head of the NSA; you had the FBI; you had the Justice Department; you had the director of National Intelligence Office there. They laid out in great detail their case for why this surveillance program is important.</p> <p>And the interesting thing is, there wasn’t one member of Congress – in spite of all this controversy, there wasn’t one member of Congress that really stood up and gave them a hard time. So I think from that point of view, this was actually a good week for the administration.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL:</b> Where is the president in this argument? Of course, he’s defending himself to Angela Merkel, his friend in Germany, but other than that, is he – it is more credible for the White House to leave it to the FBI, the NSA, the guys with the fruit on their shoulders to – I’m going to get mail about that.</p> <p><b>MR. GJELTEN:</b> Well – I mean, look, in the aftermath of the IRS scandal, the Benghazi scandal, I think this administration is grateful to have a scandal that is not breaking out along partisan lines. So, you know, I think let it just be at that.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL: </b> Yeah. Send the guys in uniform and be done with it.</p> <p><b>MR. BAKER: </b> So today, the president in the Rose Garden introduces Jim Comey, former deputy attorney general from the Bush administration, as his choice for the new FBI director and alludes to these very questions because, of course, the thing that Jim Comey is best known for is refusing to authorize part of the surveillance program during the Bush administration so, Obama, in effect, sort of using him as a crutch or a defense in his argument.</p> <p>But I wonder, thinking about the Bush administration, they also said there were 50-plus that were prevented, which reminds me of what the Bush administration said in the same type of situation. How credible is that? We doubted it back then. Do we doubt it today?</p> <p><b>MR. GJELTEN: </b> Well, first of all, you know, the number 50 jumps out, but of those 50, only 10 were in the United States. And I think Americans are concerned mostly about terrorist attempts in the United States. So 10 are in the United States. They laid out details about four of them. Clearly, this surveillance, whether phone calls or e-mails, played a part in cracking these 10 cases.</p> <p>Now, the thing about anti-terrorism, counterterrorism efforts, as the deputy director of the FBI said, it’s more of an art than a science. And you don’t know what particular technique it is that allows you to break, because you put together a lot of – you know, a lot of efforts, of which part of them were surveillance. And now, some of the critics of this surveillance program say the administration is really overemphasizing how important the surveillance was. They could have cracked these cases without the surveillance. It’s really hard to know unless more details are given.</p> <p><b>MS. LAKSHMANAN:</b> What I want to know is we’re two weeks now into knowing this incendiary information about tracking our phones, and our e-mails, and everything.</p> <p>How do you think the public reaction is playing, because we hear the ACLU, we hear, you know, Ron Wyden, certain Democrats saying, this is wrong; we can’t do it, but I have not heard a giant hue and cry from the American public, who seem to think, well, if I’m not doing anything that – you know.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL: </b>Even though, it should be said, that today, Edward Snowden, the leaker, the NSA leaker was actually – charges were finally brought against him.</p> <p><b>MS. LAKSHMANAN:</b> Right. That’s right.</p> <p><b>MR. GJELTEN: </b> Yeah. And there have been polls that say that charges – people say charges should be brought against him. I think it depends a lot on how you ask the question. Do you want the government snooping on you? No. Do you think that government should be reading e-mails in order to crack terrorists? Yes. I mean, you know, the same people answer the question twice.</p> <p>I think that one of the things that’s been interesting in what’s come out in the last few days is that you can look at – you can look at these programs in two different ways. You can look at them in terms of the surveillance and the snooping that’s going on or you can look at how many restrictions are put on the agencies in order to do this. And what we found in – as some of these court orders come out, you know, you can be scandalized by them or you can go through the language and see that it’s actually very hard to do this.</p> <p><b>MS. IFILL:</b> OK. Well, thank you, Tom. Thank you everyone else as well. Our conversation has to end here, but we’re going to keep talking online in our “Washington Week Webcast Extra.” That’s where we get to everything that we ran out of time for here. It streams live, beginning at 8:30 p.m. Eastern Time at</p> <p>And while you’re online, check out my thumbnail guide to the key decisions we’re waiting for and waiting for at the Supreme Court, which we’ll cover every night over on the NewsHour, and right here again, next week, on “Washington Week.” Good night.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field-type-date field-field-airdate"> <div class="field-label">Air Date: </div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <span class="date-display-single">Fri, 06/21/2013</span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field-type-nodereference field-field-panelist-1"> <div class="field-label">Panelist 1: </div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="/weta/washingtonweek/panelist/peter-baker">Peter Baker</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field-type-nodereference field-field-panelist-2"> <div class="field-label">Panelist 2: </div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="/weta/washingtonweek/panelist/tom-gjelten">Tom Gjelten</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field-type-nodereference field-field-panelist-3"> <div class="field-label">Panelist 3: </div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="/weta/washingtonweek/panelist/ed-okeefe">Ed O'Keefe</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field-type-nodereference field-field-video-thumbnail"> <div class="field-label">Thumbnail: </div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="/weta/washingtonweek/content/thumb-06-21-2013">Thumb 06-21-2013</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field-type-text field-field-vault"> <div class="field-label">Vault?: </div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> No </div> </div> </div> <p><a href="" target="_blank">read more</a></p> climate change Corker drones Hassan Rowhani Hoeven house of representatives immigration Iran Nuclear Weapons Power Plant Emissions Senate White House Sat, 22 Jun 2013 02:04:50 +0000 newshour 40338 at Syria moves its chemical weapons, and U.S. and allies cautiously take note <div class="field field-type-text field-field-byline"> <div class="field-label">Byline: </div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> By David E. Sanger and Eric Schmitt, The New York Times </div> </div> </div> <p>The Syrian military’s movement of chemical weapons in recent days has prompted the United States and several allies to repeat their warning to President Bashar al-Assad that he would be “held accountable” if his forces used the weapons against the rebels fighting his government.</p> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-link-url"> <div class="field-label">URL: </div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href=";_r=0" target="_blank">Read more</a> </div> </div> </div> allies bashar al-assad chemical weapons military movemnet Nuclear Weapons Syria U.S. Mon, 03 Dec 2012 14:41:57 +0000 progo 35270 at Israel's Brinkmanship, America's Peril <div class="field field-type-text field-field-byline"> <div class="field-label">Byline: </div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> By Doyle McManus, Los Angeles Times </div> </div> </div> <p>Last week, Gen. Norton A. Schwartz, chief of staff of the U.S. Air Force, confirmed a no-longer-surprising fact: the Pentagon has sent the White House a menu of options for going to war with Iran. But that doesn't mean the military thinks bombing Iran would be a good idea. "It's not prudent at this point to decide to attack Iran," Schwartz's boss, Army Gen. Martin E. Dempsey, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, said on CNN last month, adding that his advice applied to Israel as well as the United States.</p> <p><a href="" target="_blank">read more</a></p> Barack Obama Doyle McManus foreign policy Iran Israel joint chiefs of staff martin dempsey military norton schwartz nuclear Nuclear Weapons On the Radar Pentagon war Mon, 05 Mar 2012 16:39:08 +0000 29497 at Paul's Foreign Policy Views Not So 'Dangerous' <div class="field field-type-text field-field-byline"> <div class="field-label">Byline: </div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> By Yochi J. Dreazen, National Journal </div> </div> </div> <p>Ron Paul’s opponents in the race for the Republican presidential nomination don’t mince words about his foreign policy views. Mitt Romney says Paul would endanger Israel and that he “thinks it’s OK for Iran to have a nuclear weapon.” Newt Gingrich describes Paul as “stunningly dangerous” and bluntly says he wouldn’t vote for the Texas congressman.<br /> <a href="" target="_blank">Read More from National Journal</a></p> abroad Election 2012 foreign policy GOP Iran Mitt Romney Newt Gingrich Nuclear Weapons On the Radar Republican Ron Paul yochi j dreazen Thu, 05 Jan 2012 17:06:15 +0000 27543 at U.N. Finds Signs of Work by Iran Toward Nuclear Device <div class="field field-type-text field-field-byline"> <div class="field-label">Byline: </div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> By David E. Sanger and William J. Broad, The New York Times </div> </div> </div> <p>United Nations weapons inspectors released a trove of new evidence on Tuesday that they say makes a “credible” case that “Iran has carried out activities relevant to the development of a nuclear device” and that the project may still be under way.</p> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-link-url"> <div class="field-label">URL: </div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href=";emc=na" target="_blank">Read more</a> </div> </div> </div> IAEA Iran Nuclear Weapons On the Radar United Nations Tue, 08 Nov 2011 19:58:36 +0000 alora 24348 at America’s Deadly Dynamics With Iran <div class="field field-type-text field-field-byline"> <div class="field-label">Byline: </div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> By David Sanger, The New York Times </div> </div> </div> <p>Commuting to work in Tehran is never easy, but it is particularly nerve-racking these days for the scientists of Shahid Beheshti University. It was a little less than a year ago when one of them, Majid Shahriari, and his wife were stuck in traffic at 7:40 a.m. and a motorcycle pulled up alongside the car. There was a faint “click” as a magnet attached to the driver’s side door. The huge explosion came a few seconds later, killing him and injuring his wife. </p> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-link-url"> <div class="field-label">URL: </div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href=";scp=1&sq=david%20sanger&st=cse" target="_blank">Read more</a> </div> </div> </div> Iran Islam national security Nuclear Weapons On the Radar Tehran Mon, 07 Nov 2011 16:16:05 +0000 mloffman 24236 at
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Korea Day: Eat like a champion
Andy Salisbury at
If you want to play like a champion, you need to eat like a champion. That's why we've turned to our ever-loyal, longtime Korean ally and former intern Andy Salisbury to share his generations-old Korean cooking secrets with us. These are family recipes refined by his great-grandmother and passed down from generation to generation since then. If there's a more authentic way to learn the secrets of the food that fuels the most advanced StarCraft-playing civilization, I haven't heard of it. So read on, grab a shovel and get ready to bury some cabbage in your backyard!
Malgun Miok Kuk (Clear Seaweed Soup)
- 1 cup of cut seaweed
- 4 cups of water
- 1/2 pound of beef
- 1 tablespoon of soy sauce
- 1 scallion
- 1 tablespoon of salt
- 1 clove of garlic
To prepare:
Soak the dried seaweed in warm water for 30 minutes, then rise and wash carefully. Cut the seaweed into 2-inch lengths, shred beef into 2-inch lengths and crush the garlic.
Bring the water to a boil, and add the beef. Remove any froth from the top, and add the seaweed, scallion, garlic, soy sauce and salt. Lower the heat and let it simmer for 10 minutes before serving.
nappa cabbage
There are an alarming number of cabbage varieties, this is the one you need
Image courtesy of Jon Roberts
Kim Chee (Spicy Pickled Cabbage)
- 3-4 pounds of nappa cabbage, sliced into 1 1/2-inch pieces (in the summertime my great grandmother would use cucumbers)
- 1/3 cup of salt
- 1 cup of daikon, julienned
- 1/2 cup of carrots and/or green onion (optional, my great grandmother would put in for color mostly)
- 1-3 tablespoons of red pepper powder, mixed with 1-3 tablespoons of hot water (depending on how spicy you like it)
- 1 tablespoon of paprika
- 3 cloves of garlic, minced
- 2 tablespoons of ginger, minced
- 1 tablespoon of sugar
- 1 tablespoon of patis (a type of fish sauce)
To prepare:
Place the sliced nappa cabbage in a large bowl or sink and sprinkle it with the salt. Place a plate over the nappa and weigh it down with heavy rocks, bricks, or can. Then let it sit overnight. The next day rinse the salted nappa and squeeze out as much water as possible. Use your hands to mix the remaining ingredients into the salted nappa. Allow this new mixture to sit overnight while weighed down once more. Pack the seasoned nappa into jars and let it ferment in a refrigerator (or, if you're feeling authentic, bury it underground like the Koreans did before refrigerators were invented). It must be cool, and it must sit overnight at a minimum. Best if left alone for a week.
Image courtesy of John Joh
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Computer Basics Tips
1. You can create shortcut icons for your disk drives. Double-click My Computer and then right-drag the desired disk icon to the Windows desktop and choose Create Shortcut(s) Here.
2. You can make the Windows taskbar larger. If the taskbar is in its normal location (at the bottom of the screen), drag its top edge up to make it larger.
3. If the Windows taskbar is taking up too much screen space, tuck it out of the way. Right-click a blank area of the taskbar and click Properties. Click Auto Hide and then click OK. To bring the taskbar into view, roll the mouse pointer to the edge of the screen where the taskbar is hiding.
4. Make your own taskbar toolbar. Drag a folder from My Computer over a blank area of the taskbar and release the mouse button. The folder is transformed into a toolbar, and every icon in the folder becomes a button on the toolbar. To turn off the toolbar, right-click the taskbar, point to Toolbars, and click the toolbar's name.
5. Master the most common shortcut keys.
6. Alt+double-click the My Computer icon to view important information about your computer, including the Windows version, the type of processor, and the amount of installed memory (RAM). Click the Performance tab for more details.
7. Cheat at FreeCell. If you're about to lose your next FreeCell game and don't want to mess up your stats, press Ctrl+Shift+F10, click Abort, and then play any card.
8. Have your favorite program run on startup. Right-drag the program icon over Start, Programs, StartUp, and over the StartUp menu. Release the mouse button and click Create Shortcut(s) Here.
9. To quickly copy a file to a diskette in your computer's floppy drive, right-click the file, point to Send To, and click Floppy A.
10. Send a greeting card over the Internet. Go to www.mygreetingcard.com and follow the instructions at the Web site.
11. Make a quick Web site right on the Web at geocities.yahoo.com. Here, an online Wizard leads you step-by-step through the process of creating your own Web site.
12. To find out how much storage space is left on your hard drive, right-click its icon in My Computer and click Properties.
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Save 30% off select Idiot's Guides
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119090
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Beefy Boxes and Bandwidth Generously Provided by pair Networks
good chemistry is complicated,
and a little bit messy -LW
Re^10: swissprot assignment
by Anonymous Monk
on Sep 26, 2012 at 18:05 UTC ( #995843=note: print w/ replies, xml ) Need Help??
in reply to Re^9: swissprot assignment
in thread swissprot assignment
What is your problem? Maybe you shouldn't hang around here if you are going to be such a negative influence.
You are my problem. You think you're being positive, you think you're providing context, but you're not, you're just annoying. I asked nemesdani what he was thinking, and you have no clue, so shut up.
Comment on Re^10: swissprot assignment
Re^11: swissprot assignment
by Jenda (Abbot) on Sep 26, 2012 at 23:25 UTC
nemesdani was thinking about leaving the same JavaFan left. Feeling tired of people like faten daim. There was enough context provided to understand that if only you tried.
Enoch was right!
Enjoy the last years of Rome.
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119091
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I know practically nothing about Class::Tangram, but I have to say this: it's got to be the most ineptly named module in all of CPAN. The fact that anyone uses it at all, given its name, is a marvel, and an exceptionally effective endorsement. To paraphrase the Smucker's slogan: with a name like Tangram, it has to be good.
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119104
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Cognitive Psychology –
(3 credits)
This course surveys what modern cognitive psychology says about problem solving and reasoning, memory, language, imagery, and the processes and pathology of language and thought. Cognitive models of information processing in humans and animals are reviewed.
The Basics of Cognitive Psychology
• Explain the evolution of cognitive psychology as a discipline.
• Analyze cognitive processes.
• Evaluate research methods used in cognitive psychology experiments.
Perception and Attention
• Break down the perceptual organizational process.
• Analyze the nature of the attention process.
• Explain the relationship between perception and attention.
Episodic Memory: Recognition and Long-Term Memory
• Analyze the identification and classification processes involved in recognizing an object.
• Explain the role of concepts and categories in identifying and classifying objects.
• Analyze the role of encoding and retrieval processes involved with long-term memory.
Episodic Memory: Distortions and Autobiographical Memory
• Examine the nature of memory distortion.
• Explain the controversy associated with recovered memories.
• Analyze the concept of autobiographical memory.
Semantic Memory and Language
• Explain the function of semantic memory.
• Analyze the basic functions of language.
• Examine the stages of language production.
Problem Solving and Decision-Making
• Analyze the dynamics of problem representation and problem solution.
• Analyze the nature of function of insight and creativity.
• Examine the nature of function of reasoning, judgment, and decision-making.
Start your journey now
or call us at866.766.0766
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119131
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Choppy fringe
An artfully splayed ponytail will give you temporary fake bangs / 29 Hairstyling Hacks Every Girl Should Know (via BuzzFeed). See the video @
29 Hairstyling Hacks Every Girl Should Know
beach waves
Managing and Styling Your Loose Curls Hairstyles
Beach Waves
THE 5: Beachy Hairstyles
Half-up waves.
Raxion Media | Style Ideas: Beautiful Blonde Hair Style
Strawberry blonde hair + blowout Molly Gardner - already a natural strawberry blonde, but when I get old and gray I need something to go by to have the stylist dye my hair back to this beautiful color...I won't be letting myself get gray lol
Pictures & Photos of Molly Gardner
"Long Hair Styles How To | 9/365 | | Tutorials, Videos, Pictures for Long Hairstyles - NO bump its!" Bouffant done right. See, ladies, it doesn't look like there's a woodland creature hiding under her hair.
Long haircut with bangs / fringe Hairstyle Kristina Bazan
Pictures : Bob Haircuts with Bangs - Shaggy Bob Haircut With Bangs
light brown hair but with blonde ombre ♥ ?
Light brown hair with blonde highlights #beauty by bertha
Light brown hair with blonde highlights #beauty
messy bob - Google Search
a blonde and a brunette: the long and short of it...
Love her hair!
Tons de Loiro para o Verão!
Emma Stone: Medium Length straight hair with bangs and layers Now I'm thinking, really thinking bout getting this hair cut! Oh my!!! - hair-...
Would love a little bit of a longer version of this
Mister AnhCoTran
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119141
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Assessing Place Change in the UK
This series from the BBC looks at how the UK's cities have changed over the last few decades, and what the lasting impact is of the billions spent for community redevelopment.
Over a week, BBC News is investigating regeneration in five different cities across the UK and seeing how a particular project in each city has contributed (or not) to that city's transformation.
The focus of this piece is Manchester in the north west of England. Formerly the inspiration for LS Lowry's pictures of working men and women bustling to and from grey mills and factories, Manchester is reinventing itself as a dynamic city bustling with modern architecture. This first in the series looks at the Beetham Tower - 50 stories high in an otherwise low rise city and whether the building has had a catalytic effect on regeneration in Manchester.
Thanks to Jon Barker
Full Story: Changing Cityscapes: Manchester
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119156
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Loves Burden
Written by: Stephen Allen
Loves Burden
So strong of body, muscle defying steel
so Stoic of nature, head defying, what the heart might feel
So focused, the path, so well defined
so measured the steps, the ladders he's climbed
She smiled at him, the sun falling on ice
she held him in her arms, a heart skipped twice, thrice
She spoke to him, of mice and men
she changed the course, the best laid plans, of women
What could have been, maybe, maybe still can
what options remain, emprisoned in her plan
He often ponders, what might have been
he struggles with what if's, opportunities unseen
He sinks to lows, never thought of when
he was strong of will, he never needed to pretend
How did a life, go so far astray
how can the cost come due, each and every day
How far off course, how far from home
how can this love burden, one who is so alone.
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119193
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Dancer 1.3072 released
Version 1.30801.3072 of the Dancer Perl web framework was released today.
The changes included are:
[ BUG FIXES ]
* Fix prefix behavior with load_app (alexrj)
* send_file() shouldn't clobber previously-set response status
(David Precious, reported by tylerdu - thanks!)
* Depend on URI 1.59 - Fixes problems when redirecting with
UTF-8 strings (Alberto Simões)
* Fix before_serializer POD fix (Yanick Champoux)
* send_file can send data (pass a reference to a scalar), and can
specify a content-disposition filename. (Alberto Simões)
* Set 'Server' HTTP response header as well as 'X-Powered-By'. For cases
where Dancer is being accessed directly, or the proxy passes on this
header, it's nice to see it. (David Precious)
* Cookbook links to canonical documentation of keywords in, so
readers encountering a new keyword can easily see the docs for it
(David Precious)
* Docs for debug/warning/error link to Dancer::Logger for details on how to
control where logs go (David Precious)
* Document import_warnings option, and mention it & link to that
documentation in opportune places.
* Document that 'get' also creates a route for 'HEAD' requests
(David Precious, prompted by Matt S Trout)
* Extend request() keyword docs with examples (David Precious)
* Correct port in Lighty/FCGI example in Dancer::Deployment
(David Precious, thanks to pwfraley in Issue 621)
EDIT: I stupidly typed 1.3080, not 1.3072. 1.3080 is to be released fairly soon, and will contain some sweet new features. 1.3072 is the release which came out today, and contains slightly less impressive features :)
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119213
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SpanDex API
SpanDex is a collaborative academic platform that is intended to ease the research and collaboration between professors and other project works. The SpanDex API allows users to open entire ZIP or Tarball files in SpanDeX, open text snippets (small and incomplete, or entire documents) via URL parameters, open text snippets (small and incomplete, or entire documents) POSTed via a web form. The service uses REST calls.
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119256
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Top 5 Foods That Keep You Full
Yesterday’s blog post was all about foods that make you even hungrier and therefore should be avoided. Any of us who has ever walked away from the table only to be starving moments later knows that certain foods can leave you more famished than you were before you ate them. An essential part of keeping your weight under control is to stay satisfied longer. The “magic trio” of a healthy, filling meal is protein, healthy fats and fiber. Here are our favorite healthy filler-uppers.
1. Apples: Apples are filled with high fiber and water content, thus leaving you satiated after consuming them. They’re 80 calories, but one can be as filling as a meal because of the 4 grams of fiber and high water content. To get a bit of protein in your afternoon snack, top apple slices with natural almond butter.
2. Oatmeal: Oatmeal is bursting with fiber that expands in the stomach, keeping you feeling full. Not only that, but oatmeal is a complex carb, meaning that it will digest slowly and it’s also great for your digestive system. Oatmel provides a surprising 4 to 7 grams of protein and that’s even before adding milk. For extra staying power, add a few blueberries in your bowl, which have 4 grams of fiber per cup.
3. Avocados: They’re rich in healthy monounsaturated fats and fat soluble vitamins. Fat leaves you feeling satisfied for hours longer than protein or carbs. They’re also loaded with folate, potassium and vitamin E, and some research suggests that foods containing these nutrients may be more satiating than others. Try and substitute mashed avocados for mayo in your sandwiches.
4. Beans and Lentils: Have beans and lentils with your meal and you may end up eating less of everything else. They are high in protein—about 7 grams per half cup—and also rich in complex carbohydrates, the type that take longer to break down.
5. Soup:
Soup for lunch? Great choice! Foods containing a lot of water usually succeed in keeping you full for longer. By starting a meal with soup, you activate brain signals that begin to tell you you’ve had enough to eat. This means that by the time you finish your second course, you’ll be satisfied. Try a broth-based bowl with fiber-rich veggies like celery and spinach.
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Quotes Daddy
Jean Baptiste Legouve
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119266
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E-Cigs - Pot Them Anyplace And Anytime
E-Cigs - Pot Them Anyplace And AnytimeI as well heard multitude locution that agiotage some very introductory honourable principles of medicinal drug and public Wellness. e cigarettes Your medico is the one who can occupy to commence up again because you won't need to dirt your dentition anymore. The cosmos, Doubtless, Go harder to smoking until you get secondhand to this new way. Of all the alternatives to smoke option than tobacco and this solitary is a full enough intellect to Do the electrical switch. The highschool warmth then comes in inter-group communication you everything you testament motive to get started! You moldiness project how you're exit many hoi polloi On that point had been using tobacco for a lots thirster meter than they had primitively opinion. But if clinical trials are unacceptable, how what other people Receive to say approximately a certain marque. Katrij tersebut boleh menampung to decide lineament control issues and protect consumers. http://www.electroniccigaretteuks.co.uk/
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119272
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White Men as the Major “Social Problem”
1. cordoba blue
I read part of a book available on Amazon by an FBI profiler of 20 some years. She tells us many people don’t know the difference between sociopaths and pyschopaths.
Psychopaths come in all colors. The perpetrator of the Sandy Hook killing was a psychopath. O’Toole puts people who commit mass murder, whether they are black or yellow or white, into the category of pyschopath. Adam Lanza was a pyschopath and his behavior was not erratic, but regarding the shootings very well planned. He made sure the victims were children who were unlikely to be able to fight back. He carried enough ammunition to kill the entire school. He smashed all the parts of his computer to the point that it was almost useless for investigators to retrieve information. This, says the profiler, takes planning.
Adam was also unable to feel physical pain. He was additionally unable to feel empathy or sympathy for other people. After interviewing hundreds of psychopaths, they are throughly disassociated with the pain of other people or animals. If you say, for example, death, they may say “oranges”. Instead of “sorrow” or “pain”. One man she interviewed said he felt sorry after one of his killing sprees. She asked him why and he said,”Because I left too many clues that time.”
Psychopaths are not made, they are born. They can observe other people’s reactions to events and imitate them because they don’t want to call attention to oneself. But they don’t really feel the pain of others. Killing children is just as emotional to them as crushing a piece of paper. They feel no reaction.
Sociopaths, like psychopaths, have social adjustment problems. They are made,however, rather than born. They may be anti-social because of parental abuse, poverty, poor treatment by peers (bullying), a handicap that is not accepted (and being black in a white supremacist society could definitely make one anti-social). Being black in a white dominant world is indeed a handicap. Many sociopaths, if they do commit crimes, grieve for their victims. They tend to commit spontaneous crimes rather than planned. They are the ones who “snap” under pressure. Not psychopaths. Psychopaths plan.
The perpetrators of the recent killings, like the man who bombed the office building in Oklahoma, planned this for months. It was calculated and precise. Not sloppy.
According to O’Toole,this is not a case about which race has more sociopaths or psychopaths. There does seem to be a discernible plethora of these killings by whites. But most of them were not against other races. They took many of their own race with them. So there seems, at any rate, to be lack of any racial motivation.
Interestingly, most black crime, whether committed by sociopaths or psychopaths is perpetrated against other blacks. So add that into the equation, and it becomes a confusing sociological issue.
But the point is there is a difference between the two types of personalities. It’s sociopaths who become spontaneously angry, and they come in all colors. It’s psychopaths who deliberately plan and conceive horrendous crimes with a great deal of meticulous preparation, and they come in all colors also. The name of the book is Dangerous Instincts: Use an FBI Profiler’s Tactics to Avoid Unsafe Situations written by FBI profiler Mary Ellen O’Toole.
Some definite characteristics of psychopaths she lists are:
.Grandiose sense of self worth .Pathological lying .Cunning and manipulative .Considers killing an art and is proud of his “work” . Lack of remorse or guilt .Juvenile deliquency .Unrealistic goals in life. Failure to accept responsiblity for one’s actions.
Anyway, thought I’d share because it’s actually very difficult to identify psychopathic behavior if you haven’t interviewed hundreds of these people as O’Toole has. And race is not a factor, although I believe that white men are committing most of these crimes because white men have more CONTROL within our system. That translates into control over buying guns, home-made bombs, “casing” a building without arousing suspicion etc.
Alternately, if a black man did this, suspicion is immediately aroused. If a black man pretended he was a building inspector, for example, could he get away with it? No, but a smooth tallking white man could. A white man can slip in and out of the loopholes of detection easier while he plans his crimes. He can check out a college campus and even chat with people in the admissions office all day, while planning to murder everyone in the building.
Psychopaths are extremely manipulative and metiuclous, and to plan the perfect murder spree,you can’t attract any attention. Thus, my theory anyway, why most of these killing sprees are perpetrated by white men. White people can be invisible, while the racism directed toward non-whites makes authority figures profile them quicker. It’s harder for non-whites to seamlessly carry out these horrific crimes.
2. John D. Foster
Change must come from the bottom up; in this case, from the blogoshere from sites such as this. Sadly, “progressive” media outlets like msnbc are still corporate-owned and controlled; i.e., dominated by elite white men.
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Stark Trek: Random Selector
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Enterprise captures the designers of the Xindi super weapon but will Archer get them to talk? Find out right now in our episode guide. 11/04/2004.
Proving Ground
Finally a character bio for Hoshi as well as this episode guide from series 3 of Enterprise, when an Andarian ship arrives saying they have been sent to help Enterprise. 10/04/2004.
Cold Fire
Heroes and Demons
Not so much a huge session of adding but there is this quite comfortably big guide to the episode from series 1 of Voyager 'Heroes and Demons' where the Doctor goes on an away mission. 29/03/2004.
The Cloud
More re-structuring of the library plus entries for the mess hall, sickbay and Holodeck added. Reg Barclay profile added too and then there is this episode from Voyager series 1. 24/03/2004.
Chosen Realm
The library has been restructured to include a species folder and an entry for the Xindi added as well as a profile of Malcolm Reed. Plus this episode from Enterprise series 3. 23/03/2004.
Caretaker, Part II
As well as Kes's bio finally being added to the Voyager section, there is also the addition of the episode guide, the 2nd ever Voyager episode. So pretty old really. 22/03/2004.
Renaissance Man
What social commentary should I give for todays update? Erm, looks like I am out. Starsky and Hutch ruled! Anyway take a look at this episode from series 7 of Voyager. 14/03/2004.
I was rather suprised when I realised we had no Enterprise episode guides. Still that problem has now been corrected with this episode from Enterprise series 3 and some new character bios as well as updated databank entries. 13/03/2004.
Hide and Q
Today sees a profile of Dr. Katherine Pulaski as well as this episode guide from the first series of the Next Generation in which Q takes an interest in Commander Riker. 12/02/2004.
Infinite Regress
Today Naomi Wildman was added to the Voyager character profiles as well as this episode guide from series 5 of Voyager in which Seven develops multiple personalities. 10/02/2004.
Body and Soul
As well as a new library entry for the Delta Flyer, here is an episode guide from series 7 of Voyager as the Doctor experiances actual human senses. Well kind of. 09/02/2004.
Cost of Living
So many updates - new random quotes and overview of the movie, Generations. I have also gone through the entire site and changed the title tags. Plus posted this episode. 08/02/2004.
I, Borg
First update in a while - see the forums for new updates. Meanwhile, here is an episode guide from series 5 featuring that ever so cute Borg come individual, Hugh. 07/02/2004.
Benjamin Sisko
As we thought it was time to have something other than episode guides; while we think of some articles to write we have more library entries and more profiles on the way. 11/11/2003.
Well this is the last of the pile of episode guides typed up by myself and JD although there are plenty more that will be typed up eventually. This one is from Voyager series 6. 8/11/2003.
'Lonely Amoung Us'
Sample the delights of another Next Generation episode this one, as with Code of Honor from series 1. A strange energy passes onto the Enterprise and causes problems. 07/11/2003.
We have a load of episode guides which are ready to be copied to the site as well as several to type up so our string of new guides continues with this one from Voyager series 5. 04/11/2003.
'Code of Honor'
The episode guides return to Next Generation with this episode from series 1 in which aliens capture Yar for a fun time on the planet below. 30/10/2003.
More episode guides are indeed on their way, the first one being from Voyager series 6 in which Tom makes friends with a new ship aquired in a recent trade. 19/10/2003.
Random Facts
We have made some corrections to the random facts page and the Enterprise's library entry thanks to an email from Al Berry. We should have some more episode guides on the way too.11/10/2003.
Who said it
As well as the addition of Next Generation episode Decent, Part I and loads more entries to the library we have added some random quotes to the random facts page. 02/09/2003.
Our episode guides was never a Voyager only thing. This episode guide comes from series 6 of the Next Generation when Picard, Troi, Data and Geordi find themselves in a diferent time frame. 01/09/2003.
Todays review also comes from series 7 of Voyager, Repentance sees the ship transport criminals back to their homeworld for execution leaving Seven feeling bad. 30/08/2003.
Begining our new episode guides which feature plenty of information on each episode we have writen our first episode guide of 'Nightingale' from series 7 of Voyager. 29/08/2003.
Voyager Cast
We have updated the cast and character lists for Star Trek: Voyager in the trek's section. Since we wrote that we have also added full bio pages for the Voyager crew.
The Forum
Check out our all new forum now built into the website with full intergration.
You can now submit your own stuff to Star Trek: Random Sector for us to post on the site.
Welcome to Star Trek Random Sector. This site was originally created to give random Star Trek facts but, well, it expanded. Learn more...
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Bestselling books from the 2012 Atheist Convention
atheist We were honoured to be the official bookseller at the 2012 Atheist Convention over the weekend, where hundreds of people heard from the likes of Richard Dawkins, Leslie Cannold and Lawrence Krauss.
Here are the ten bestselling books from the convention. Richard Dawkins remains very popular and American author and intellectual Sam Harris sold a truckload of books as well.
1. Free Will by Sam Harris
2. A Universe From Nothing: Why There Is Something Rather Than Nothing by Lawrence Krauss
3. The Magic Of Reality by Richard Dawkins and Dave McKean
4. The Good Atheist: Living A Purpose-Filled Life Without God by Dan Barker
5. The God Delusion by Richard Dawkins
6. Godless: How An Evangelical Preacher Became One Of America’s Leading Atheists by Dan Barker
7. The Moral Landscape by Sam Harris
8. The Greatest Show On Earth: The Evidence For Evolution by Richard Dawkins
9. The Justice Game by Geoffrey Robertson
10. The Book Of Rachael by Leslie Cannold
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[–]crevasse -2 points-1 points
This makes sense. When it was announced, I fully expected the Volt to have a battery only purchase option either at launch or shortly thereafter. It would simply be removing a part of the car so there isn't much involved in terms of engineering to do so.
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119333
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Does Leaning In Really Benefit Women?
1Photo: Courtesy of Knopf
We're all for Sheryl Sandberg and the Lean In nation, but it seems that the solution to gender inequality may not be that simple. According to a new study detailed by The New York Times, being more assertive at work still doesn't enrich women's working lives the way it does for men. Professors at the University of Toronto analyzed a survey of the Canadian workforce to find out how things like larger salaries and more authority affect the happiness of men and women — and the results were anything but encouraging for us women-folk.
It turns out that men are able to gain happiness and feelings of value simply from bigger titles or control over more subordinates, while women need to see (and, more importantly, feel) actual evidence of being influential to gain that same happiness. And, sadly, men seem to be much more likely to feel influential at work, even with the exact same level of power. Researchers believe that this boils down to longstanding stigmas of gender inequality — men are taught to feel success by landing the corner office, while women aren't considered successful until they're kicking ass both in the office and at home.
So what does this all mean? First of all, these findings could prove to be very valuable for keeping women in positions of power. Ladies forced to sacrifice aspects of their personal or family lives to thrive in their careers may be less likely to persevere. Thus, employers need to start doing more to show their appreciation for women, starting with equal positions of power and equal pay. However, it could also come down to each woman individually. It's comforting to know we're not the only ones wondering when all this hard work will feel worth it. Maybe it's time to stop being so tough on ourselves and realize we're actually doing pretty good. (The New York Times)
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12 Comfy Flat Sandals You'll Want To Wear All Summer — Promise!
1. Begin Slideshow
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It's almost our favorite time of year — that glorious stretch of sun-soaked days when you can sport sandals for every occasion. But we're not talking just any flimsy slip-ons. If you're wearing low-profile steppers 24/7, you'll need a little support. So, we've collected our favorite sandals for the season, knowing that long, summer walks require sturdy straps, extra cushioning, and plenty of style. Ahead, the most comfy, pedi-baring pairs you'll live in until September.
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119348
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Home > Research > Publications & Outputs > Hide the stack
View graph of relations
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Hide the stack: toward usable linked data
Research output: Contribution in Book/Report/ProceedingsPaper
Publication date1/06/2011
Host publicationThe Semantic Web: research and applications 8th Extended Semantic Web Conference, ESWC 2011, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, May 29-June 2, 2011, Proceedings, Part I
EditorsGrigoris Antoniou, Marko Grobelnik, Elena Simperl, Bijan Parsia, Dimitris Plexousakis, Pieter De Leenheer, Jeff Pan
Place of publicationBerlin
PublisherSpringer Verlag
Number of pages15
ISBN (Print)978-3-642-21033-4
Original languageEnglish
ConferenceExtended Semantic Web Conference 2011
Period1/06/12 → …
Publication series
NameLecture Notes in Computer Science
ISSN (Print)0302-9743
ISSN (Electronic)1611-3349
ConferenceExtended Semantic Web Conference 2011
Period1/06/12 → …
The explosion in growth of the Web of Linked Data has provided, for the first time, a plethora of information in disparate locations, yet bound together by machine-readable, semantically typed relations. Utilisation of the Web of Data has been, until now, restricted to the members of the community, eating their own dogfood, so to speak. To the regular web user browsing Facebook and watching YouTube, this utility is yet to be realised. The primary factor inhibiting uptake is the usability of the Web of Data, where users are required to have prior knowledge of elements from the Semantic Web technology stack. Our solution to this problem is to hide the stack, allowing end users to browse the Web of Data, explore the information it contains, discover knowledge, and use Linked Data. We propose a template-based visualisation approach where information attributed to a given resource is rendered according to the rdf:type of the instance.
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Featured Articles
You’re Doing it Wrong: Charger Burnout Fail
Posted in Best of, Burnouts, FAIL, FAIL / Funny, General, Hoonage by MrAngry | June 13th, 2013 | 2 Responses |
Mopar 10 Charger
I used to have a Social Studies teacher back in high school that would call the “Burnout” the mating call of the asshole.
Turns out he was right… Check it out after the jump.
Source: Youtube.com
Our Best Articles
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2 Responses
1. wewillywinky says:
HA HA HA the ricers at the end..got to love the VTEC YO..not
2. 68sportfury says:
Way to trash your nice Mopar ’11 Charger, Dingus.
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Community Cinema 2013-2014
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May/June: The New Black
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May 1, 7pm
Tim Gill Center for Public Media
315 East Costilla Street
Colorado Springs, CO 80903
May 21, 7pm
Mesa County Library, Community Room
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Grand Junction, CO 81501
May 6, 6:30pm
Bud Werner Memorial Library
1289 Lincoln Ave.
Steamboat Springs, CO 80487
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Denver Film Society Center
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Denver, CO 80206
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Mancos Public Library
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Mancos, CO 81328
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Wilkinson Public Library
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Telluride, CO 81435
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Durango, CO 81301
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Rawlings Library, InfoZone
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Pueblo, CO 81004
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Powerbroker Panel
Community Cinema
Powerbroker Panel
On February 17, 2013, the Denver Film Center hosted a "standing-room-only" screening of...
"Half the Sky" Resources and Information
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"Half the Sky" Resources and Information
We've collected some helpful resources and information to guide discussions around this...
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The S60 T5, naturally, is the enthusiast's choice, outfitted with the hot engine, aggressive wheels and tires, plus larger anti-roll bars. The T5 ($36,475, popularly equipped) is loaded, boasting standard equipment that includes a manual or an automatic 5-speed transmission, plus an in-dash CD player, power front seats and pseudo wood interior trim that looks surprisingly good.
The more popular S60 (in sales volume) will be the 2.4T ($33,675, ditto), a less extreme blend of performance and everyday utility. Its light-pressure turbo powerplant produces excellent torque just off idle, which is appreciated with either the standard 5-speed automatic transmission or one with Geartronic manual shift facility. The 2.4T has a bit less standard equipment than the T5, but is by no means lacking. And fitted with the T5's 17-in. wheels and meaty 235-width Pirellis, it looks nearly as aggressive.
The least expensive S60 is the naturally aspirated 2.4 ($30,300, ditto), available with a 5-speed manual or an automatic gearbox, fitted like all other S60s with side curtain airbags, anti-whiplash seats and thoughtful items such as rear headrests that, when in the down position, dig into your back. These make you immediately raise them into a position where they will actually do some good.
From the driver's seat, it's clear Volvo has succeeded in building a sportier and better-looking midsize sedan, a bit shorter on rear space but a car that's impressively quiet inside and properly tuned for when the road starts to twist. And with secondary controls angled more toward the driver than in the S80, the S60 does indeed have more of a "cockpit" than a plain interior. At the same time, the S60, though quite capable, doesn't quite have the all-encompassing athletic prowess of a BMW 3 Series or the new C-Class Mercedes-Benz, largely because it's front-drive. But rumor has it that an all-wheel-drive S60 T5 is in the works. That might change things.
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2010 - And already some robotics milestones!
2010 - And already some robotics milestones!
Postby Markus Waibel on 15 Jan 2010, 09:47
The year has just begun, but it can already lay claim to some important robotic milestones:
First of all, this month marks the sixth anniversary of NASA's Spririt and Opportunity Mars robots. As you may remember from last year's interview with Julie Townsend, the rovers were originally designed to explore Mars for about three months - but have now already lasted more than 6 Earth yearsin the severe Martian environment.
Second, following last year's successful navigation of Willow Garage's PR2 robot, the robot has now further extended its skill set to include learning new motor skills from human demonstration.
Third, sales of home robots by Massachussets based company iRobot have now surpassed five million units since its debut in 2002.
Markus Waibel
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In Memoriam 1942 – 2013 “Roger Ebert loved movies.”
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Movie Answer Man (11/16/2003)
Q. A few critic's groups have cancelled their annual awards in protest of Jack Valenti's ban on sending out DVD screeners to industry and press. Isn't this counter-productive to their cause? Such awards are the perfect way to remind viewers of movies that the Academy will overlook or not see because of the ban. (Michael Chichester, West Chester Pa)
A. I agree. I wrote that Valenti's original ban was boneheaded, but I oppose the decision to cancel critics' awards because the result would be to punish worthy films--which is exactly what the ban could also do. The nation's critics have sent each other countless and endless e-mails about the Valenti Decree; if only they were equally disturbed by the MPAA's lack of a workable adult rating.
Q. Yesterday I saw the wonderful "Lost in Translation." About two thirds of the way though realized that there was no swearing or vulgar language. I thought for sure that I must be seeing a PG-rated film. I was shocked to see that according the movie's poster the MPAA rated the film as "R." Could it have been because of a few risky moves by the fully-clothed stripper in the film? Next to the lobby poster for "Translation" was another MPAA rating travesty, "Whale Rider." The MPAA's crime against this film has been done to death but hash pipe or no hash pipe I still can't imagine why that film would deserve at "PG," let alone a "PG-13." This is a film for the ages that would be healthy viewing for all. Maybe somebody from the MPAA could step forward and help rationalize why a film like "Kill Bill," covered wall to wall with freshly extracted human entrails, is only one step more dangerous for us than "Whale Rider" and how "Lost in Translation" could be just as disturbing for viewers as "Kill Bill." Please help me understand. (Joe Taylor, Carbondale IL)
A. Gladly. The MPAA rating system is guided by the greed of the movie industry and its fear of the religious right. (1) Greed: It opposes a workable adults-only rating, because the industry doesn't want a category that would actually require them to turn away potential customers. Thus movies are crammed into the R category, sometimes having to be edited to qualify. We need an A-for-adult rating between the R and the NC-17 (a.k.a. X), to separate non-porn adult films from pornography. (2) Fear. Terrified of outside censorship, the MPAA is more sensitive to content involving language, mild sexuality and subtle drug references than the average American moviegoer. "Whale Rider" is a classic example of a film which Americans have embraced as ideal family entertainment; the PG-13 is a wild overreaction. We actually showed the offending "drug" scene on Ebert & Roeper and received not one single complaint. The best source for sane and objective information about the content of films is
Q. In a recent column, you noted that when microphones are visible, it is the fault of the projectionist not framing the film correctly. The fault lies with untrained and unskilled actors so used to having a microphone dangling inches above their heads that they speak nearly every line in a whisper. I've yet to see a visible microphone in a film starring Meryl Streep, Dustin Hoffman, Gene Hackman, Patrick Stewart, Anthony Hopkins, Katharine Hepburn, Bette Davis, Laurence Olivier, Marlon Brando, or any of the other tremendous, and properly trained, actors. These artisans know how to project their voice, even in a tender and intimate moment, to the microphone and beyond. (B. Michael McFarland, Berwyn IL)
A. A nice theory, but incorrect. Microphone placement has much more to do with overall sound quality than the voice abilities of movie actors, and indeed many stage-trained actors have to be urged to dial down their voices. Billy Wilder asked Jack Lemmon to speak lower so often that Lemmon finally said, "What do you want? Nothing?" And Wilder replied: "Please God!"
Q. Re: the recent Answer Man item about visible microphones at the top of the frame in a movie. You blame it on the projectionist. My question is, should the microphones be eliminated during editing? I design pages for a newspaper. I would never type "our readers are morons" far off into the upper margin, then blame the men working the press when it appeared in print. (Bill Huber, Green Bay News-Chronicle, WI)
A. I referred your message to Steve Kraus of the Lake St. Screening Room in Chicago, who replies: "The most commonly used movie format nowadays is akin to letterboxing, except that there is usually more image on the film than is intended to be shown, with the final cropping done via the projector's aperture plate. Thus, if the projectionist misframes the picture, things may be shown that were not intended to be seen, not to mention wreaking general havoc with the filmmaker's composition."Some films are indeed shot with a mask in the camera, which renders the excess area black and forces the projectionist to frame it precisely lest the audience see a partly black screen. At the very least it means nothing unintended will be seen. But there are a number of valid reasons to film with an open aperture, the most important of which is that the extra height can be used during the all-important video transfer to allow full frame versions with little or no pan and scan. (The area to be shown will be adjusted from shot to shot, so even if a microphone is present in one scene, it can be avoided by zooming in.) "Mr. Huber's question has some validity. It's true that a correction can be made during the post-production process to produce masked prints from a full-frame original negative. The problem is that this usually requires an expensive and image-degrading step of optical printing, and that is overkill for a problem that is more easily solved by the projectionist setting the projector's framing knob correctly and threading the film properly."
Q. I am afraid you have been hoodwinked. The movie "The Revolution Will Not Be Televised" (2003) is not the documentary it purports to be; indeed it is closer to a fictionalized account of what might have happened if Chavez were truly the Robin Hood portrayed in the film. The production involved an enormous amount of manipulation of dates, hours and sequences and many gross omissions, like the fact that a top-ranking general, currently a member of Chavez's cabinet, announced to the media that the president had resigned at 4 am on April 12. You can find the partial results of a rigorous technical analysis at I agree film can be made to lie; I also agree that, after helping him get elected by giving him supportive coverage, private media in Venezuela ended up being biased against Chavez and lied outright on April 13. However what many of us here criticized now looks like white lies in comparison with "The Revolution," a movie which, in its different versions, almost manages to outdo the governments PR materials. If sophisticated opinion leaders like you can be taken in, a less informed public is, I'm afraid, buying that (Llaguno) bridge you write about. (Eva Gueron, Caracas Venezuela)
A. I received a lot of other messages also questioning the facts in the documentary. Your link will help readers make up their own minds.
Q. I just saw "Love Actually" and thought it was a very good movie. But one scene I found offensive and unnecessary--Billy Bob Thornton as the President, showing him as a disreputable womanizing bully. That scene and the press conference were totally anti-American. (Michael Leone, Port Washington, NY)
A. It was a funny scene involving a cleverly-realized fictional character inspired in equal parts by Clinton and Bush. The British Prime Minister's putdown at the press conference was fueled by his jealousy, because he also had a crush on the young woman targeted by the President. When did we get so thin-skinned that any depiction of the president short of idolatry is "anti-American?" What happened to our sense of humor?
Q. Scott Hardie's experience at Best Buy, when he could not find the widescreen version of "Matrix Reloaded," was not typical. Best Buy always carries widescreen DVDs and displays them properly. The bonus disc was available on both the widescreen and full screen editions. Most likely what happened is he went later in the day and the widescreen bonus discs were all sold out. This is a fairly frequent occurrence as widescreen DVDs just sell faster. According to the latest sales charts, this is now the case for all pretty much all movies, even stuff like "Anger Management." (Daniel Rudolph, Cedar Rapids IA)
A. I got a lot of similar messages. Apparently moviegoers now prefer widescreen to "full screen" (i.e., cropped pan-and-scan) by such a wide margin that stores are left with piles of unsold full screens. Apologies to Best Buy.
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The worst title of all time
From Andy Ihnatko, Boston, Mass.:
Reading your review of "The Marc Pease Experience" (re: "I can't think of many titles that are worse") the current record-holder for titular awfulness (as certified by an IEEE board) is "Skrull Kill Krew."
Just let that roll around for a minute.
"Skrull Kill Krew."
It was a pretty lousy comic book miniseries published by Marvel ten years ago. The story is forgettable (it's about a crew -- sorry, a "krew" -- of superpowered people who kill members of a shapeshifting alien race known as Skrulls) but the title has always stuck in my mind as the worst that will ever be achieved in the field of Titles Of Things. The writer or editor who came up with "Skrull Kill Krew" is capable of putting carrots in a clam chowder.
A harsh thing to say, I know. But I'm willing to defend that comment.
The best title is clearly "My Lead Dog Was A Lesbian." This was a nonfiction book about an Alaskan journalist's attempt to train for and race in the Iditarod. I'm certain that there have been titles as good as this ("The Great Sermon Handicap," "Fear And Loathing In Las Vegas") but none better, is the point. I bought it based on the title alone.
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Union County, Georgia The GAGenWeb Project
Union County, Georgia
Duckworth Family Section
My Family
written and compiled by John Francis Duckworth
contributed by John Francis Duckworth and Jerrell Duckworth
Updated August 12, 2012
Chapter 8
John Francis ("Jack") and Laura Jane Noblet Duckworth
John Francis "Jack" Duckworth had little or no education and could write his name only a short time before his death. He was strong in his belief of going to school. He made the remark, "If I had the education of Tom Jackson, I would turn Union County upside down." He urged his children to go to school and supported all educational programs.
John Francis Duckworth was a farmer, mail carrier, and horse trader. The latter was his life and joy, and it is said that he had planned to move to Gainesville and open a livery stable. He told his boys to always tell the truth in a horse trade and never tell anything that could be seen in the animal unless asked. Then tell the truth. He may want to trade again in the future.
Two short stories of his horse trading follow. John Duckworth always kept a cow. His cow went dry and there was no milk for the children. While on his mail route, he observed a fresh cow at the Cook farm and traded cows in a short time. The cow he traded was a young cow and calved a short time after the trade. The cow he traded for was an old cow. Mr. Cook laughed about beating "Jack" Duckworth in a cow trade. He may be a good horse trader, but he sure can't trade cows. Shortly after this, "Jack" was carrying the mail and riding a three-year-old filly. He stopped at the Cook residence and told Mrs. Cook to look at the young mare he had traded for Laura to drive to Sunday School. Mrs. Cook was impressed with the young mare and called Mr. Cook to come look at her. He came and began talking trade immediately, but "Jack" repeated his plans for Laura to drive the mare to church. However, Mr. Cook insisted they trade, which they did eventually. In a few weeks, Mr. Cook came for a trade back; the mare was a "stump sucker". "Jack" told Mr. Cook that he was no cow trader but the best horse trader in Union County and he would not trade back. This ended the matter.
One more horse trade: John Duckworth traded for a poor old blind mare from one of the Spivey's on Upper Choestoe. He took the mare home, fed her, and doctored the eyes. Come spring the horse had gained weight and the eyes were well. A Mr. Reece came by and bought the horse and took her home. A short time afterward, Mr. Reece met his nephew, Zack Jackson, who inquired where he was going. Mr. Reece replied "to Blairsville to hire Pat Harrison to sue Jack Duckworth for lying about the old Spivey mare." Zack Jackson told his uncle he couldn't do that because Jack Duckworth had a license to tell lies. Mr. Reece replied, "The heck you say!" and returned home.
Laura Jane Noblet was the illegitimate daughter of Elsie Noblet. She had an older full sister, Tine, who married a Mr. Bagwell and resided in Dalton, Georgia. Laura also had two half brothers, Claude Wood, who married Elizabeth Duckworth, and William Nicholson. Laura came to live with Francis Marion and Nancy Davis Duckworth when a small girl. She attended two or three short school terms but could read, write, and figure. It is said "Jack" would ask her to figure the interest on a note due him, which she did in her head, and gave the correct answer.
John Francis "Jack" Duckworth and Laura Jane Noblet were the parents of the following children:
1. Frank Calloway and Sarah Christine Duckworth will be discussed in the next chapter.
2. G. Vester Duckworth, 16 October 1892 - 14 October 1965. Married Rubye. One child: Don.
3. William Henry Duckworth, 21 October 1894 - 9 August 1969. An attorney. Married Willabel Pilcher. Three children: Mary, Dorothy, and William Henry, Jr.
4. Nellie Jane Duckworth, 29 December 1896 - 6 February 1868. Married John A. Wimpey, a merchant. Four children: Charley, Ethel, Ruby, and Charlene.
5. James Lon Duckworth, 29 October 1899 - 31 October 1964. An attorney. Married Ruth Paden. One child: Margaret Jane.
6. Pearl Duckworth, 10 May 1902 - 5 October 1995. Married Herbert Carter Dyer. Six children: Maudie, Elbert, Clyde, Ruby Nell, Tannie Charlene, and Herbert Clinton.
7. Bonnie Emiline Duckworth, 26 August 1905 - 22 May 1994. School teacher. Married Lewis D. Snow. Two children: John William "Bill" and Lonnie Ruth.
8. Verdie Emiline Duckworth, 28 July 1907. Married Franklin Ensley. Seven children: James Cecil, Willibel, Robert, Mildred Ruth, Samuel John, Sarah, and Franklin Jr.
Back To Union County, Georgia GenWeb Site
Go to Foreword
Go to Chapter 1
Go to Chapter 2
Go to Chapter 3
Go to Chapter 4
Go to Chapter 5
Go to Chapter 6
Go to Chapter 7
Go to Chapter 9
Go to Appendix A, p. 1
Go to Appendix A, p. 2
Go to Appendix A, p. 3
Go to Appendix B, p. 1
Go to Appendix B, p. 2
Go to Appendix B, p. 3
Go to Appendix B, p. 4
Go to Appendix B, p. 5
Go to Appendix B, p. 6
Go to Appendix B, p. 7
Go to Appendix B, p. 8
Go to Appendix B, p. 9
Go to Appendix B, p. 10
Go to Appendix B, p. 11
Go to Appendix B, p. 12
This page was last updated on September 1, 2012
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sending workouts from garmin connect to forerunner 610
doesn't quite work...
1 message
16/09/2012 at 17:04
So after a lot of deliberation I decided on early Xmas present for myself and got a 610. It's great but I have trouble using the option of creating workouts in Garmin Connect to send to the watch. after creating the interval workout and trying to send I get this message:
'Garmin Connect is currently unable to send power duration and power target to your device. You can still send the workout to your device, but we will change power durations to 'Press Lap Button' and power targets to 'No Target.' Do you want to send the workout anyway?'
Am I missing something? has anyone any advice how to do it?
Many thanks in advance
1 message
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Diabetic Runners
Bagels (Read 214 times)
when will i learn NOT to eat them?
The voice of mile 18
yeah me and bread had a falling out. even 100 cal bagels that are wafer thin cause a spike with me Sad did find a weight watcher low carb bread that isn't terrible for sandwiches.
Funny you would mention this. When we had the family over for easter, my mom was complaining that they serve donuts at their church (she is a health nut enthusiast). She wanted them to serve bagels instead. I pointed out to her that bagels are typically pretty dense carbs, and not a lot better for those of us who are pancreatically challenged than the donuts.
Progress Trumps Pefection
Ya, I miss bagels. Awesome photo joe_h
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Sacred Texts Bible Bible Commentary Index
Proverbs Index
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Proverbs Chapter 1
The design of the proverbs, Pro 1:1-6. An exhortation to fear God, and believe his word, because of the benefit to be derived from it, Pro 1:7-9; to avoid the company of wicked men, who involve themselves in wretchedness and ruin, Pro 1:10-19. Wisdom, personified, cries in the streets, and complains of the contempt with which she is treated, Pro 1:20-23. The dreadful punishment that awaits all those who refuse her counsels, Pro 1:24-33.
Proverbs 1:1
pro 1:1
The proverbs of Solomon - For the meaning of the word proverb, see the introduction; and the dissertation upon parabolical writing at the end of the notes on Matthew 13: Solomon is the first of the sacred writers whose name stands at the head of his works.
Proverbs 1:2
pro 1:2
To know wisdom - That is, this is the design of parabolical writing in general; and the particular aim of the present work.
This and the two following verses contain the interpretation of the term parable, and the author's design in the whole book. The first verse is the title, and the next three verses are an explanation of the nature and design of this very important tract.
Wisdom - חכמה chochmah may mean here, and in every other part of this book, not only that Divine science by which we are enabled to discover the best end, and pursue it by the most proper means; but also the whole of that heavenly teaching that shows us both ourselves and God, directs us into all truth, and forms the whole of true religion.
And instruction - מוסר musar, the teaching that discovers all its parts, to understand, to comprehend the words or doctrines which should be comprehended, in order that we may become wise to salvation.
Proverbs 1:3
pro 1:3
To receive the instruction - השכל haskel, the deliberately weighing of the points contained in the teaching, so as to find out their importance.
Equity - משרים mesharim, rectitude. The pupil is to receive wisdom and instruction, the words of wisdom and understanding, justice and judgment, so perfectly as to excel in all. Wisdom itself, personified, is his teacher; and when God's wisdom teaches, there is no delay in learning.
Proverbs 1:4
pro 1:4
To give subtilty to the simple - The word simple, from simplex, compounded of sine, without, and plica, a fold, properly signifies plain and honest, one that has no by-ends in view, who is what he appears to be; and is opposed to complex, from complico, to fold together, to make one rope or cord out of many strands; but because honesty and plaindealing are so rare in the world, and none but the truly religious man will practice them, farther than the fear of the law obliges him, hence simple has sunk into a state of progressive deterioration. At first, it signified, as above, without fold, unmixed, uncompounded: this was its radical meaning. Then, as applied to men, it signified innocent, harmless, without disguise; but, as such persons were rather an unfashionable sort of people, it sunk in its meaning to homely, homespun, mean, ordinary. And, as worldly men, who were seeking their portion in this life, and had little to do with religion, supposed that wisdom, wit, and understanding, were given to men that they might make the best of them in reference to the things of this life, the word sunk still lower in its meaning, and signified silly, foolish; and there, to the dishonor of our language and morals, it stands! I have taken those acceptations which I have marked in Italics out of the first dictionary that came to hand - Martin's; but if I had gone to Johnson, I might have added to Silly, not wise, not cunning. Simplicity, that meant at first, as Martin defines it, openness, plaindealing, downright honesty, is now degraded to weakness, silliness, foolishness. And these terms will continue thus degraded, till downright honesty and plaindealing get again into vogue. There are two Hebrew words generally supposed to come from the same root, which in our common version are rendered the simple, פתאים pethaim, and פתים or פתיים pethayim; the former comes from פתא patha, to be rash, hasty; the latter, from פתה pathah, to draw aside, seduce, entice. It is the first of these words which is used here, and may be applied to youth; the inconsiderate, the unwary, who, for want of knowledge and experience, act precipitately. Hence the Vulgate renders it parvulis, little ones, young children, or little children, as my old MS.; or very babes, as Coverdale. The Septuagint renders it ακακοις, those that are without evil; and the versions in general understand it of those who are young, giddy, and inexperienced.
To the young man - נער naar is frequently used to signify such as are in the state of adolescence, grown up boys, very well translated in my old MS. yunge fulwaxen; what we would now call the grown up lads. These, as being giddy and inexperienced, stand in especial need of lessons of wisdom and discretion. The Hebrew for discretion, מזמה mezimmah, is taken both in a good and bad sense, as זם zam, its root, signifies to devise or imagine; for the device may be either mischief, or the contrivance of some good purpose.
Proverbs 1:5
pro 1:5
A wise man wilt hear - I shall not only give such instructions as may be suitable to the youthful and inexperienced, but also to those who have much knowledge and understanding. So said St. Paul: We speak wisdom among them that are perfect. This and the following verse are connected in the old MS. and in Coverdale: "By hearyinge the wyse man shall come by more wysdome; and by experience he shall be more apte to understonde a parable and the interpretation thereof; the wordes of the wyse and the darke speaches of the same."
Proverbs 1:6
pro 1:6
Dark sayings - חידת chidoth, enigmas or riddles, in which the Asiatics abounded. I believe parables, such as those delivered by our Lord, nearly express the meaning of the original.
Proverbs 1:7
pro 1:7
The fear of the Lord - In the preceding verses Solomon shows the advantage of acting according to the dictates of wisdom; in the following verses he shows the danger of acting contrary to them. The fear of the Lord signifies that religious reverence which every intelligent being owes to his Creator; and is often used to express the whole of religion, as we have frequently had occasion to remark in different places. But what is religion? The love of God, and the love of man; the former producing all obedience to the Divine will; the latter, every act of benevolence to one's fellows. The love of God shed abroad in the heart by the Holy Spirit produces the deepest religious reverence, genuine piety, and cheerful obedience. To love one's neighbor as himself is the second great commandment; and as love worketh no ill to one's neighbor, therefore it is said to be the fulfilling of the law. Without love, there is no obedience; without reverence, there is neither caution, consistent conduct, nor perseverance in righteousness.
This fear or religious reverence is said to be the beginning of knowledge; ראשית reshith, the principle, the first moving influence, begotten in a tender conscience by the Spirit of God. No man can ever become truly wise, who does not begin with God, the fountain of knowledge; and he whose mind is influenced by the fear and love of God will learn more in a month than others will in a year.
Fools despise - אוילים evilim, evil men. Men of bad hearts, bad heads, and bad ways.
Proverbs 1:8
pro 1:8
My son, hear - Father was the title of preceptor, and son, that of disciple or scholar, among the Jews. But here the reference appears to be to the children of a family; the father and the mother have the principal charge, in the first instance, of their children's instruction. It is supposed that these parents have, themselves, the fear of the Lord, and that they are capable of giving the best counsel to their children, and that they set before them a strict example of all godly living. In vain do parents give good advice if their own conduct be not consistent. The father occasionally gives instruction; but he is not always in the family, many of those occupations which are necessary for the family support being carried on abroad. The mother - she is constantly within doors, and to her the regulation of the family belongs; therefore she has and gives laws. The wise man says in effect to every child, "Be obedient to thy mother within, and carefully attend to the instructions of thy father, that thou mayest the better see the reasons of obedience; and learn from him how thou art to get thy bread honestly in the world."
Proverbs 1:9
pro 1:9
An ornament of grace unto thy head, and chains - That is, filial respect and obedience will be as ornamental to thee as crowns, diadems, and golden chains and pearls are to others.
Political dignity has been distinguished in many nations by a chain of gold about the neck. Solomon seems here to intimate, if we follow the metaphor, that the surest way of coming to distinguished eminence, in civil matters, is to act according to the principles of true wislom, proceeding from the fear of God.
Proverbs 1:10
pro 1:10
Proverbs 1:11
pro 1:11
If they say, Come with us - From all accounts, this is precisely the way in which the workers of iniquity form their partisans, and constitute their marauding societies to the present day.
Let us lay wait for blood - Let us rob and murder.
Let us lurk privily - Let us lie in ambush for our prey.
Proverbs 1:12
pro 1:12
Let us swallow them up alive - Give them as hasty a death as if the earth were suddenly to swallow them up. This seems to refer to the destruction of a whole village. Let us destroy man, woman, and child; and then we may seize on and carry away the whole of their property, and the booty will be great.
Proverbs 1:14
pro 1:14
Cast in thy lot - Be a frater conjuratus, a sworn brother, and thou shalt have an equal share of all the spoil.
Common sense must teach us that the words here used are such as must be spoken when a gang of cutthroats, pickpockets, etc., are associated together.
Proverbs 1:16
pro 1:16
For their feet run to evil - The whole of this verse is wanting in the Septuagint, and in the Arabic.
Proverbs 1:17
pro 1:17
Surely in vain the net is spread in the sight of any bird - This is a proverb of which the wise man here makes a particular use; and the meaning does not seem as difficult as some imagine. The wicked are represented as lurking privily for the innocent. It is in this way alone that they can hope to destroy them and take their substance; for if their designs were known, proper precautions would be taken against them; for it would be vain to spread the net in the sight of those birds which men wish to ensnare. Attend therefore to my counsels, and they shall never be able to ensnare thee.
Proverbs 1:18
pro 1:18
They lay wait for their own blood - I believe it is the innocent who are spoken of here, for whose blood and lives these lay wait and lurk privily; certainly not their own, by any mode of construction.
Proverbs 1:19
pro 1:19
Which taketh away the life - A covetous man is in effect, and in the sight of God, a murderer; he wishes to get all the gain that can accrue to any or all who are in the same business that he follows - no matter to him how many families starve in consequence. This is the very case with him who sets up shop after shop in different parts of the same town or neighborhood, in which he carries on the same business, and endeavors to undersell others in the same trade, that he may get all into his own hand.
Proverbs 1:20
pro 1:20
Wisdom crieth - Here wisdom is again personified, as it is frequently, throughout this book; where nothing is meant but the teachings given to man, either by Divine revelation or the voice of the Holy Spirit in the heart. And this voice of wisdom is opposed to the seducing language of the wicked mentioned above. This voice is everywhere heard, in public, in private, in the streets, and in the house. Common sense, universal experience, and the law of justice written on the heart, as well as the law of God, testify against rapine and wrong of every kind.
Proverbs 1:22
pro 1:22
Ye simple ones - פתים pethayim, ye who have been seduced and deceived. See on Pro 1:4 (note).
Proverbs 1:23
pro 1:23
Turn you at my reproof - לתוכחתי lethochachti, at my convincing mode of arguing; attend to my demonstrations. This is properly the meaning of the original word.
I will pour out my spirit unto you - "I wil expresse my mynde unto you;" Coverdale. Loo I shall bryngen to you my Spirit; Old MS. Bible. If you will hear, ye shall have ample instruction.
Proverbs 1:24
pro 1:24
Because I have called - These and the following words appear to be spoken of the persons who are described, Pro 1:11-19, who have refused to return from their evil ways till arrested by the hand of justice; and here the wise man points out their deplorable state.
They are now about to suffer according to the demands of the law, for their depredations. They now wish they had been guided by wisdom, and had chosen the fear of the Lord; but it is too late: die they must, for their crimes are proved against them, and justice knows nothing of mercy.
This, or something like this, must be the wise man's meaning; nor can any thing spoken here be considered as applying or applicable to the eternal state of the persons in question, much less to the case of any man convinced of sin, who is crying to God for mercy. Such persons as the above, condemned to die, may call upon justice for pardon, and they may do this early, earnestly; but they will call in vain. But no poor penitent sinner on this side of eternity can call upon God early, or seek him through Christ Jesus earnestly for the pardon of his sins, without being heard. Life is the time of probation, and while it lasts the vilest of the vile is within the reach of mercy. It is only in eternity that the state is irreversibly fixed, and where that which was guilty must be guilty still. But let none harden his heart because of this longsuffering of God, for if he die in his sin, where God is he shall never come. And when once shut up in the unquenchable fire, he will not pray for mercy, as he shall clearly see and feel that the hope of his redemption is entirely cut off.
Proverbs 1:27
pro 1:27
Your destruction cometh as a whirlwind - כסופה kesuphah, as the all-prostrating blast. Sense and sound are here well expressed. Suphah here is the gust of wind.
Proverbs 1:29
pro 1:29
They hated knowledge - This argues the deepest degree of intellectual and moral depravity.
Proverbs 1:32
pro 1:32
For the turning away of the simple - This difficult place seems to refer to such a case as we term turning king's evidence; where an accomplice saves his own life by impeaching the rest of his gang. This is called his turning or repentance, משובה meshubah; and he was the most likely to turn, because he was of the פתים pethayim, seduced or deceived persons. And this evidence was given against them when they were in their prosperity, שלוה shalvah, their security, enjoying the fruits of their depredations; and being thus in a state of fancied security, they were the more easily taken and brought to justice.
Proverbs 1:33
pro 1:33
But whoso hearkeneth unto me shall dwell safely - The man who hears the voice of wisdom in preference to the enticements of the wicked. He shall dwell in safety, ישכן בטח yishcan betach, he shall inhabit safety itself; he shall be completely safe and secure; and shall be quiet from the fear of evil, having a full consciousness of his own innocence and God's protection. Coverdale translates, "And have ynough without eney feare of evell." What the just man has he got honestly; and he has the blessing of God upon it. It is the reverse with the thief, the knave, the cheat, and the extortioner: Male parta pejus dilabuntur; "Ill gotten, worse spent."
Next: Proverbs Chapter 2
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Samford University
CARE Team Form
What is the CARE team?
The CARE team is a group of university persons organized to assist students of concern with accessing appropriated campus resources in an attempt to assist them in achieving their educational pursuits at Samford University.
Who is a student of concern?
A student of concern is any student who demonstrates behavior which is inconsistent with a behavior that is considered normally associated with a member of the Samford community. Inconsistent behavior may include, but not limited to, extended absences from classes, disruptive behavior, or behavior which causes another member of the campus to feel distress.
Why refer?
* Student of concern's name:
Name of submitter (optional)
Describe incident that causes concern.
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Parents | Raising readers & learners.
Home of Parent & Child Magazine
Let's Investigate!
Spark interest in science with these seven steps to successful studies.
Learning Benefits
Hover over each Learning Benefit below for a detailed explanation.
Sorting and Classifying
Scientific Method
One spring day, Lily's kindergarten class became fascinated with the rust that had developed on the swings in their school playground. Lily's teacher invited the children to look closely at the rust, and together they made a chart of what they would like to learn about it. With some water and collected materials, the class conducted a series of experiments to find out what types of things will rust in water and what will not. Later, they decided to test known rusting materials using other liquids; the children wanted to know if a screw could rust in milk, liquid soap, or soda.
Lily's teacher hadn't planned on studying rust, but the children's interests led to an amazing lesson: Science is everywhere! The key is to approach science as an investigation in which you learn along with your child. For example, children are natural collectors. Just look inside their pockets, backpacks, or drawers, and you will find the most amazing assortment of "special stuff." You can use your child's collections as a launching pad for investigation. Invite him to share what he knows about them. You may be surprised by how knowledgeable he already is! Find out if he has any questions he would like to explore.
The Scientific Method for Young Children
The process of science learning is what really counts with young children, not the content. There are seven basic steps that will help you teach your child about scientific discovery and how to examine problems logically. These steps are similar to those used in the scientific method, but they emphasize the skills that are most relevant for young children:
1. Observe. This is perhaps the most important step for your young child, because he is at the developmental stage when he is constructing his own knowledge about the world. Observing is the process of looking closely, noticing things from different viewpoints, and quietly watching and waiting, without much doing. While this stage is essential, it is one that is frequently not given enough time and energy. Children often want to jump in and do the experiment. You need to remind him to take the time to use all of his senses to interpret the world around him. Try taking the observations to different levels and locales. You will be asking your child to gather more and more information and viewpoints.
• What do you notice about these plants?
2. Compare. This is the process of taking your child's observations about objects and phenomena and noticing similarities and differences. You are inviting her to move beyond telling you what she noticed to expressing the relationships between things.
• How are these plants alike or different?
• Where have you seen similar plants?
• What about their smell?
3. Sort and organize. A natural offshoot of comparison, this takes the process to a more abstract and representational level of thinking. As your child matches, groups, and organizes materials in many different ways, he will begin to understand that objects can belong to more than one group at a time.
• How many ways can we sort the plants? Some have flowers and some don't; some are tall and others are short; some have big leaves and others have little leaves.
• How many ways can we organize the leaves? Round, long, pointed, two-lobed, or three-lobed, for example.
4. Wonder, predict, and hypothesize. This is the process of questioning and speculating based on what you've learned in the first three steps. Your child will use the questions that arise from her innate curiosity as the basis for your experiment. She'll get better at prediction through experience, so be sure to provide a lot of opportunities for this process skill. This step also helps your child to make generalizations. If she notices that light seems to shine through the leaves of a fern, but not of a rubber plant, she may make the generalization that sunlight will not shine through thick leaves.
• What do you wonder about these plants? (If he's having difficulty thinking of something, you can add your own questions: What will happen if we put some in a closet?)
5. Experiment, test, and explore. Now it's time to try out your ideas and test your predictions. The key is to provide plenty of different materials — and time — to explore. It's important for him to play with an experiment over many days.
• How can we test if light will shine through a leaf?
• How many different leaves can we test?
• What places can we put plants in to see if they will grow?
• What else do you want to know about plants?
6. Infer and record results to represent understanding. Now it's time to communicate the findings of your experiments with others. It's an important step because it asks your child to take her concrete experience and verbalize it and represent the information abstractly — using graphs, drawings, or charts.
• She can make a small drawing of the plants' growth each day.
• She can make a chart to record the best places to grow plants.
7. Extend, expand, and apply. Perhaps the most overlooked step is that of applying the information gained from the experiment to a larger field of experience. Your child "owns" the skills and understanding when he knows how to use them in many different situations. Broadening the scope of his experiments, trying them again with new materials, and seeing if his understandings are consistent are essential parts of any good science study for children. This is the time for great open-ended questions and new activities that can inspire your child to think creatively!
• What would happen if the plants were covered with dark paper or light paper?
• What if you didn't give the plants any water?
Science at Home
Every family can be a science team if you use these quick and easy ways to celebrate the wonder of exploring the world together. You don't have to be a scientist to do science at home, either. It is not as important for your child to memorize science facts as it is for her to learn how to find out!
Try these strategies to bring out the scientist in your child:
• Remember the importance of hands-on experiences. For example, when he's taking a bath, study the concepts of floating and sinking by using prediction, experimentation, and application. You can also experiment with evaporation with a puddle of water on the sidewalk. Draw a line around the outside of the puddle. Ask him what he thinks will happen to the water. Just wait until your child comes back to the outline after a few hours and sees what happened!
• Support and develop the fine art of observation by taking time to watch and wait with your child. By quietly spending time observing her surroundings, your child will construct her own knowledge of how things work.
• Use open-ended questions. By simply asking questions that get your child to think creatively, you will be encouraging him to wonder, predict, experiment, and evaluate.
• Remember that we are all scientists. There is a science to most things we do, from making art and cooking to building things and using language. Older children (5 and up) will enjoy creating a new language that will help demonstrate how science is a part of other things — in this case, literacy. Think of different symbols (or lines and squiggles) to represent each letter of the alphabet. Ask your child, "How do you spell your name in this new alphabet?"
Find Just-Right Books
The Reading Toolkit
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International Space Station crew seek refuge during debris scare
Astronauts onboard the International Space Station (ISS) took refuge in a Soyuz escape capsule as a threatening piece of debris passed by without incident today, NASA announced. The 13-centimeter (five-inch) piece of debris, which made its closest approach at 12:39 P.M. (Eastern Daylight Time), originated from a 1993 launch and was not related to last month's satellite crash, says Gene Stansbery, orbital debris program manager at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston.
According to the NASA Web site, the precautionary measure was necessary because notice of the approach came too late to perform an evasive maneuver. The object's relatively small size and highly elliptical orbit made it difficult to track, Stansbery says. He could not provide a quantitative assessment of the level of risk faced by the ISS.
ISS crew members were given the all-clear at 12:45, and at 12:56, station commander Michael Fincke reconnected to Houston to announce that things were back to normal on the station. He also asked NASA to relay details on how close the object came to the ISS when they become known.
Photo of ISS as it appeared in June 2008 courtesy of NASA
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Science Talk
Physics Nobel Laureate Steven Weinberg
Nobel physicist Steven Weinberg spoke to an audience of science journalists, and then to podcast host Steve Mirsky. Web sites related to this episode include and
Podcast Transcription
Steve: Welcome to Science Talk, the more or less weekly podcast of Scientific American, posted on November 15th, 2010. I'm Steve Mirsky. Steven Weinberg is a legend in physics. In 2009 Weinberg gave a talk to an audience of science writers at the annual meeting of the National Association of Science Writers in Austin, Texas. What you're going to hear now is a heavily edited version of that talk, which I've been holding all this time because in the current issue of Scientific American magazine we have an interview with Steven Weinberg, so we wanted to put the two together. Now he was a challenge to record, because he was holding both a laser pointer and a microphone and, like any great absent-minded professor, he would occasionally point with the microphone and speak into the laser pointer. Anyway, Scientific American Editor in Chief Mariette DiChristina introduced Weinberg.
DiChristina: He is the author of more than 300 articles on elementary particle physics and his research has been honored with many awards including the 1979 Nobel Prize in Physics and a National Medal of Science. His books include, for popular readers: The First Three Minutes, which I've read and I loved; Dreams of a Final Theory, Search for the Fundamental Laws of Nature. He also has just joined Scientific American for its Board of Advisors. And so, with that I welcome Steven Weinberg. Thank you very much. (applause)
Weinberg: In few months, [before] the end of the year we will begin operations at what will be the largest scientific instrument ever built, the Large Hadron Collider. It's 27 kilometers in circumference; it's run by the pan-European laboratory CERN. Inside this tube there is an evacuated series of magnets which bend a beam in fact two beams of protons that go round and round in opposite directions [being] accelerated by electromagnetic fields up to higher energies than have ever been achieved artificially here on Earth. There are two beams because if you fire a beam of high-energy particles into a stationary target, most of the energy just goes into producing the recoil of the target, which is not interesting, and so today increasingly these accelerators are designed to have two beams which collide head-on. In that way there is no net momentum, and all of the energy available goes into producing new matter. And that's the point. Again referring to the famous E = mc2, to produce a certain mass, m, you need a certain energy E. We believe there are exciting new particles to be discovered with masses so large that no previous accelerator had the energy available to produce them. As is very often the case with accelerators, there are some things that we think are likely to be discovered and we'll be very surprised if they're not. There are other things that may be discovered. We have a menu of possibilities. And then there's also the possibility that something is discovered that nobody anticipated. What we already know about the nature of matter and force is crystallized in what is called the standard model of elementary particles. It's a theory of all of the particles we observed, and with the exception of gravitation, all of the forces that act on them; it's a theory that was developed in the 1960s and 1970s and then through a series of experiments in the 1970s and 1980s, it became well established as part of the standard canon of scientific knowledge. All ordinary matter—atoms, molecules, people, stars, galaxies—are composed of just two types of quarks, and electrons. There are also neutrinos which are continually being emitted by stars [in the course] of the processes that produce their energy. In addition to these particles, there are heavier particles, which don't appear in ordinary matter because there's so heavy; they're unstable and they decay into the particle's I mentioned—electrons, neutrinos and the two lightest types of quarks. There are heavy quarks, in fact a total of six types of quarks, and the electrons have particles that are very similar except they're much heavier, called muons and tauons.
The forces between these particles are transmitted, first of all by photons which carry the electromagnetic force, and much heavier particles called W and Z, which transmit a related force, a very closely related force, called the weak nuclear force. There are also particles called "bluons," which transmit the strong nuclear force, which holds the quarks together inside the neutron and proton, which are inside atomic nuclei. All of these particles, in the simplest version of the standard model, these particles are all massless. That's what makes it an elegant theory. The symmetries do not allow masses and at the level of the equations of the theory, the symmetries are manifest. And when you look at the equations, you see that the W and the Z and the photon are appearing in exactly the same way.
Something intrudes to break that symmetry and gives some particles masses. It gives the W and Z their very large masses, almost 100 times the mass of the photon. It splits the electrons, which have some mass, from the muons and tauons, which are much heavier, and gives the quarks a variety of masses. That something we believe is another kind of particle called the Higgs particle. This was proposed as a mathematical possibility without reference to any particular theory of nature. This mathematical idea was brought into the theory of the weak and electromagnetic directions in the late '60s by myself and independently by Abdus Salaam. The particular particle being sought at the LHC is the one that first appeared in these papers in the late 1960s. That is something that is definitely expected to occur, and in a way it will be much more exciting if it isn't found than if it is. The LHC although certainly it would be ridiculous to say it was designed specifically to discover the Higgs particle, in its design that was one of the requirements, that it had to have enough energy to be able to produce this particle. It won't at first probably when it runs at reduced energy but eventually we expect that it will. Somewhat paradoxically the heavier it is the closer it is, up to the upper limit of where we expect it, the easier will be to discover, because it will have clearly visible decay modes. The Higgs, of course, being as heavy as it is will be unstable. No one will ever see a track of a Higgs particle. What we will see is its decay products and infer from that the fleeting presence of the Higgs particle. It has a variety of possible ways of decaying and the ones that are most visible and recognizable are only available if it is fairly heavy. If it is lighter, more of them will be produced but they'll be much harder to recognize. The large accelerator at Fermi Lab has already ruled out part of the range of relatively heavy Higgs. But it doesn't have the energy and luminosity to study the full range and probably the Higgs will be discovered at CERN. If Congress had not had the imbecility to cancel the Superconducting Super Collider, it would have been discovered long ago here in Texas.
That's something we expect. When I say expect I don't mean we're certain. All we know for sure is that there is a symmetry between photons, Ws and Zs, among the, it's the same symmetry among different types of quarks among electrons and neutrinos. When I say a symmetry, I mean if you write down the equations, and you perform certain mathematical transformations on the symbols of the equations, [that] have the effect of turning Ws, Zs and photons into each other, and electrons into neutrinos and quarks of different types into each other, then the equations do not change their form. We know that that symmetry is there, it's been very well verified. We know that symmetry is somehow broken by something. We say it's spontaneously broken, because it's not a failure of the symmetry in the equations, it's the fact that the symmetry is not satisfied in the solution of the equations. The simplest picture is this simple elementary Higgs particle, but there are other possibilities and one of them so-called Technicolor, which posits the existence of a super strong force, much stronger than the ordinary strong nuclear force. In that picture, there really isn't a Higgs, but you have a whole variety of other particles that are bound together by this extremely strong force. That's a possibility and there are some theorists, it was a possibility first suggested by Leonard Susskind and myself independently. I don't think it's likely that that's what going to be found, because it leads to problems. There are observations that you could only understand by tinkering carefully with the theory; it sort of begins to look like [Ptolemaic] epicycles and I don't find it as attractive as the original simple picture, but that's a possibility. And we have to remain open to that possibility. That's why it's not a sure thing that the Higgs will be found, but it's highly likely.
Then there are other possibilities, only speculative, which we have no confidence about but which would be extremely exciting. One of them and I think the best motivated of all the other possibilities is called supersymmetry. It has roots in the Russian literature which no one was reading at that time. Supersymmetry connects all the known particles with particles that are much heavier, so that we can understand why they are unknown, but that have different spin. One of the things that's so attractive about it is that for years and years it was thought [to be] impossible, to have a symmetry that united particles with different spin. [There] was a theorem called the Coleman–Mandula theorem that seem to rule out this as a possibility that any such symmetry would conflict essentially with special relativity. And then it was realized that there was a technical exception that allowed for this and into that tiny little gap [Wess and Zurnino] went roaring and invented this essentially unique symmetry. I want to emphasize that the minds of physicists can think of all kinds of possibilities, and when we speculate endlessly the results are likely to be [not very interesting.] It's when there are physical principles that narrowly restrict our speculations so that new ideas can only take one or a very limited number of forms that we begin to think that we've discovered something that is an opportunity that nature probably didn't passed up and most of us have this feeling about supersymmetry.
Steve: I spoke to Weinberg briefly after his talk.
Steve: Could you clarify the expectation for the LHC regarding supersymmetry versus string theory.
Weinberg: Well, I think there is a good chance, by no means a certainty, that the LHC will discover [signs] of supersymmetry. And supersymmetry is something you expect in a variety of versions of string theory, so that if we discover supersymmetry that will give us some kind of clue about super string theory, but what that clue is I can't imagine. And super string theory doesn't necessarily require that supersymmetry would appear at the energies that can be reached with the LHC. So, if we don't discover supersymmetry at the LHC, I don't think we will have learned much about string theory.
Steve: And you said that something would be very exciting if we don't find the Higgs.
Weinberg: If we don't find the Higgs that would be very exciting because it means that some other theory has to be invented. We have this alternative theory of so-called Technicolor, which I mentioned, that instead of a Higgs being an elementary particle that there are strong forces that produce the breakdown of the symmetry, that would, those strong forces would produce a whole zoo of other particles; not a Higgs but other things that could be found—so-called "technipions" and "techniquarks" and things like that. Or we might find that something else entirely; I mean, not finding a Higgs would force us to be inventive whereas finding a Higgs would just show that everything is just as we expected.
Steve: And as you said if we just find the Higgs, it's just confirmation of [the] standard model.
Weinberg: Yeah, in the simplest version.
Steve: You can find the video of the entire talk by Steven Weinberg. Just google "Steven Weinberg NASW 2009" and it should be the first thing that comes up. Well that's it for this episode. We'll be back very soon with more from the November issue including a look at why women outlive men. Meanwhile, get your science news at, where you can investigate our dark matter interactive feature called "Dark Worlds, a Journey to a Universe of Unseen Matter". For Science Talk, the podcast of Scientific American, I'm Steve Mirsky. Thanks for clicking on us.
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Username Post: Cricut Expression v. Expression 2
Posts: 2509
Joined: 06-30-05
In response to HisGEM
• HisGEM Said:
• Trina_P Said:
I don't understand the "update digitally"
Hobby Lobby and Michaels are it for me. No Scrapbook stores unfortunately. Just asking friends and on here.
Just like the Gypsy is updated through the computer, the E2 has the capability to be updated the same way.
I do not have a Gypsy so I do not know what they are or still don't have an answer to the update digitally question.
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Serious Reads: ‘Au Revoir To All That’
"Romance is as integral to French cuisine as butter, and any book on the subject would be soulless without it."
Au Revoir To All That
Food, Wine, and the End of France
Author: Michael Steinberger
Get It: Hardcover on Amazon
Read It: Preview on
Recommended Read? Yes
The sun is setting on the French gastronomic empire, Michael Steinberger contends in Au Revoir To All That: Food, Wine, and the End of France. Speaking ill of the French is tantamount to heresy in many gourmet circles, but Steinberger isn’t cowed. The kitchens of Paris and Avignon are not what they once were, and he wants to know why.
With a title that straddles the sentimental and the apocalyptic, Steinberger steers clear of both—neither weeping over madeleines past, nor pounding the last nail in the French culinary coffin, but instead delivering a sharp, clear-headed look at the increasingly dismal state of food and wine in a nation that prizes both so dearly. The center of the culinary world has shifted away from France, he believes, and sets off to figure out the reasons.
His path winds through the kitchens of Lyon, San Sebastián, and Tokyo, past Michelin and McDonald’s, celebrity chefs and labor laws and the Spanish culinary avant-garde. And the small bites of each chapter lead to an inescapable conclusion, one that settles uncomfortably in the pit of the stomach: French cuisine is not what it once was.
Steinberger does start from a place of nostalgia. His opening chapter recounts a meal so divine that he sat back in blissful contentment as the lascivious older chef coerced his wife into a kitchen tour. ("I swapped my wife for a duck liver," he laments.) He recalls childhood journeys through France, and the particular mille feuille with which, later in life, he would end each midday meal. But these reminiscences never slide into sentimentality. And in truth, romance is as integral to French cuisine as butter, and any book on the subject would be soulless without it.
What sets Au Revoir To All That apart is the speed with which it moves beyond a simple elegy. With no particular theory to advance or villain to expose, Steinberger begins with a simple question—what happened to the French?—and proceeds with genuine curiosity.
Just what has gone wrong? Steinberger points no one finger, but leads us down a dozen roads, spiced with rich personalities and sumptuous meals. He introduces us to the maddeningly capricious Michelin rankings and the chefs slavishly soliciting their stars, investing in gold bathroom fixtures rather than their own kitchens. He narrates the careers of chefs such as Alain Ducasse, a precocious chef who turns his talents to building a culinary empire—a move Steinberger questions, but never quite condemns.
Taxes, regulations, labor laws; he launches no ideological attack, but evaluates the implications of these lead weights on creativity and innovation. And tracing the attitudes of French chefs, critics, and winemakers, who believe that their cuisine is, a priori, the best in the world, it’s easy to see how confidence can slide into complacency.
In the end, Steinberger finds flickers of hope: the protection of raw milk Camembert, a renaissance in bread baking, the rediscovery of a single praline mille feuille. In the bleak culinary landscape he paints, these flickers are faint indeed. Yet in crafting such an elegant elegy to French food, Steinberger has created a loving, careful tribute to the cusine’s inherent possibility—celebrating what it has been, and, by extension, what it still could be.
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A Answers (1)
• AMichael Roizen, MD, Internal Medicine, answered
Taking the right amounts of antioxidant vitamins C and E, for example, can make your RealAge (physiologic age) as much as one year younger. Many people, however, wrongly believe that if a little bit of antioxidant is good, a lot is better. Too many antioxidants, especially the wrong type, can actually cause oxidation and its subsequent damage. My recommendation is to use antioxidation in moderation. Eat a balanced diet, with four servings of fruits and five to six servings of vegetables a day. Then, each day, take 600 milligrams (mg) or more (up to 2,000 mg) of vitamin C in divided doses separated by at least six hours, plus 400 international units (IU) of vitamin E. Take much less -- 100 mg of C and 50 IU of E -- twice a day if you are taking a statin drug such as simvastatin (Zocor), atorvastatin (Lipitor), or rosuvastatin (Crestor) for control of cholesterol levels. Vitamins C and E in excess dosage inhibit the ability of these statin drugs to make your blood vessels younger.
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What vitamins should I take if I avoid the sun?
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Die Heuning Pot Literature Guide
© 2014 Shmoop University, Inc. All rights reserved.
Three-Act Plot Analysis
Act I
Gosh, when a book is divided into three parts, this just seems too easy. Still, we can identify the elements of each act in each part of Fahrenheit. At the end of Part One, Montag has awakened to new possibilities and rejected his role as a fireman (for the most part). There’s no turning back now.
Act II
Act II ends when things at their worst – Montag’s house is about to be torched and our hero is getting arrested.
After a dramatic chase scene through the city, the novel wraps itself up. Montag gains new knowledge, abandons his old life, and begins an entirely different, more aware existence.
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STAY TUNED: Clorky is safe again
Anne Marie Calzolari By Anne Marie Calzolari Staten Island Advance
on October 08, 2008 at 10:17 AM, updated October 08, 2008 at 10:29 AM
Rocco and Karina avoided elimination last night on "Dancing With the Stars."
Nobody was eliminated from "Dancing With the Stars" last night, but that was not a relief to Rocco DiSpirito and Karina Smirnoff, who host Tom Bergeron aptly described as the couple who SHOULD have been let go.
The chef extraordinaire and his pro partner were given a reprieve because Olympian Misty Mae-Treanor was forced to leave the competition because of an ankle injury.
When the couple heard the news, there was no joy in their eyes, in fact, dancer Lacey Schwimmer (who was the other bottom feeder) had to turn toward them and explain that they were safe.
Last night's results show saw Jennifer Hudson sing, the New York City Rockettes dance and Cloris Leachman confound the hosts and judges -- again. In a direct-to-camera interview, she noted how her score of 16 "sucks" and when she was interviewed in the red room by hostess Samantha Harris, Cloris went on a rant about how her family was divided into those with dark hair and dark eyes as opposed to those with light hair and light eyes and somehow that affected the vote. When the camera returned to Tom Bergeron, who claims he was trying to follow her logic, he joked that a migraine set in and he just stopped trying.
Well, we're a little insulted for Cloris (Clorky if you combine her and dance partner Corky Ballas' names together).
Yes, she is undeniably the oldest and most animated amateur dancer this show has seen, but at this point, we feel ABC and its talking heads are being insulting and that's just wrong. Think about what this actress has done with her career: She has won eight primetime Emmy Awards -- more than any other female performer -- and one Daytime Emmy Award. She won an Oscar for Best Supporting Actress in the 1971 film "The Last Picture Show," though she is best known for playing the nosy neighbor Phyllis Lindstrom on the 1970s TV series "The Mary Tyler Moore Show," and then later on the spinoff series, "Phyllis." She also appeared in three Mel Brooks films, including "Young Frankenstein."
A former beauty queen (Miss Chicago in 1946) and college graduate, she's earned respect for throughout her career and she's still got it in her to keep entertaining which easily explains why the audience repeatedly votes her in despite her last place standing on the judge's leader board. And she thoroughly enjoys being on the air, having her makeup done and getting the applause. Ever the class act, she addresses her audience by walking the dance floor and letting them know she appreciates their support.
Hats off to you Cloris. And to you, Mr. Bergeron and Ms. Harris, let's see you guys try walking like wheelbarrows to a crowd of several million!
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Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Logo
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Electronic Media Copy Policy
This policy governs copying of electronic media by Information Technology Services (ITS) employees for non-ITS employees and for students.
• The client must supply the media. ITS does not sell or otherwise distribute blank media.
ITS employees may copy:
• Distribution disks of freely-available operating systems such as Linux and FreeBSD.
• Distribution disks available under SIUE's Microsoft Campus Agreement and Novell contract. Care should be taken to copy only those disks with serial numbers corresponding to the respective contracts.
• Anything for which the client clearly holds the copyright such as class, research, or field notes, syllabi, and other original material.
• One archival copy of an original software distribution disk provided the license allows such copying and the client is the license holder.
ITS employees may not copy or allow to be copied on ITS equipment:
• Audio CDs
• Except for purposes mentioned above, any commercial software.
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Questions about copying should be referred to the Director of ITS.
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Brian Taylor
Professor & Chair, DeparTment of Art & Art History
(408) 924-4322
ART 116
Master of Fine Arts in Photography and Art History, University of New Mexico, NM
Master of Arts in Art Education, Stanford University, CA
Bachelor of Arts in Visual Arts, University of California-San Diego, CA
Brian Taylor was born in Tucson, Arizona. He received his BA Degree in Visual Arts from the University of California-San Diego, an MA from Stanford University, and his MFA from the University of New Mexico. Taylor is known for his innovative explorations of alternative photographic processes including historic non-silver printing techniques, mixed media, and hand made books.
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Galactic Emperor: Hegemony
Player's Guide
TOC mapHegemony Quick Start
Welcome to Galactic Emperor: Hegemony, Skotos Tech's game of strategic space warfare and diplomacy. This entire Player's Guide is intended to explain how to play the game. However, the basic interface is very simple, and if you don't want to wait you can just read this document and get started at once.
The World of Hegemony
Galactic Emperor: Hegemony is set in a galaxy which has just discovered faster-than-light travel through the Pinpoint Drives--an ancient technology left behind by the Shining Ones. Prior to this discovery the galaxy was a peaceful place because the long turnaround time for slow boats and ram ships dispersed conflicts over generations. But now, everything is changing.
War is erupting across the galaxy. A dozen Overlords are rising up to the stars using their new Pinpoint starships. Eventually one of them will form the first hegemony of a new era.
Playing Hegemony
Galactic Emperor: Hegemony is a an online strategy game with strong diplomatic elements. Starting to play the game is very simple, although as you progress you will soon learn there are countless strategies.
1. Find the Website
To start off point your computer's web browser to:
This is the portal for Hegemony. It contains the latest news and numerous links of interest. If you're not yet a member of the Skotos community, click "Create Free Trial Account"; otherwise select "Play Now".
2. Sign Up for a Game
On the Play Now page you'll see an option to sign up for a game. Click here. You'll be given an option to select a nickname from up to three names that you've chosen for Hegemony. You'll also be given the option to select between a number of different game types. Don't worry about all this for now. Just scroll down to the bottom of the page and click the "Sign Me Up!" button and you'll be given your default name and the most popular game type.
3. Wait Patiently
Games only start when there are at least 12 people on the wait queue. So, wait patiently, but a game should start fairly soon.
4. Make Your Preparations
Once your game is ready to start you'll be given a 48-hour warning. The game announcement e-mail will also include a link to the actual game, which will look like this:
Click on that link. Then, go to the Starting Orders box in the lefthand column, and divide your ships up between all the local stars--you'll generally want to send off 10-30 ships per planet. They'll get launched as soon as the game starts. Finally, click on the "Diplomacy" button. Send messages to a few of your nearby opponents and offer to form Non-Aggression Pacts (NAPs). If you don't and multiple opponent attack at once, you're out of the game.
5. Build Your Factories
Make sure you note when your game starts and sometime not long afterward, log in. You'll want to use most of your initial cash to build factories, either on your homeworld or on nearby planets that are well-protected by geography. These factories will produce ships on a daily basis. Avoid the other costs (speed, battle, probes, shields, space stations, etc.) at this early point in the game.
6. Conquer the Galaxy
And from there, keep going. Move your ships to take new planets whenever you can. Neutral planets will typically have between 2-20 defending ships, so try not to overcommit yourself. Each new planet will give your more wealth, accrued on a daily basis, so make sure to spend it on more factories. Once your start running into your neighbors, try to talk your allies in helping out at any war you get involved in. If you're not going to be constantly online, make sure to take advantage of "Orders" to keep your ships going when you're not around.
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Meet the Sun’s Chilly New Neighbor
Infrared observations have uncovered a cool brown dwarf that’s only about 7 light-years away. The object is one of the closest stellar systems to the Sun and the coolest brown dwarf yet discovered.
closest stars to the Sun
This diagram illustrates the locations of the star systems closest to the Sun, shown with the year when the distance to each system was determined. Two of the four are brown dwarf systems.
NASA / Penn State University
Astronomy is a science pursued at a distance. Most of the light we see from distant stars and galaxies takes thousands to millions of years to reach us. That makes our solar neighborhood a valuable place for detailed observations: the closest companions to the Sun are benchmarks, because they are the easiest stars to study in detail.
While the census of the solar neighborhood has tallied more stellar citizens over time, most of the newly discovered neighbors have been relatively distant, usually at least 30 to 60 light-years away. But recently, an astronomer from Penn State discovered a solar neighbor about 7 light-years away, and it’s a "cool" result in more ways than one!
Using data from NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) and Spitzer Space Telescope, Kevin Luhman recently discovered an object known as WISE J085510.83−071442.5. The object is special for quite a few reasons. First, it is right next door, in astronomical terms. At 7.2 light-years away (6.5 to 8 is the error range), this is likely the fourth closest stellar system ever detected, farther only than the Alpha Centauri triple system (4.2 light-years), Barnard’s star (5.9 light-years) and the brown dwarf binary WISE J104915.57−531906.1 (6.6 light-years). (It displaces Wolf 359, which lies 7.8 light-years away).
Second, it’s moving fast. Using infrared images obtained by WISE and Spitzer, Luhman noticed the object was traveling extremely quickly across the sky in between images. Part of this motion is from parallax, the apparent back-and-forth change in position with respect to background objects. This motion is caused by Earth orbiting around the Sun: the closer a star is to the Sun, the larger its apparent shift in position as we look at it from different sides of our orbit. It’s the same effect you see if you hold your finger up at arm's length and blink your eyes one at a time: you will notice your finger appears to move back and forth as you blink each eye. If you move your finger closer to your face, that effect increases.
proper motion of brown dwarf
This animation shows WISE J085510.83−071442.5, the coldest brown dwarf yet seen and the fourth closest system to our sun. Kevin Luhman (Penn State) discovered this dim object through its rapid motion across the sky, shown here in a compilation of images spanning four years. The object was first seen in two infrared images taken 6 months apart in 2010 by WISE. Two additional images of the object were taken with NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope in 2013 and 2014.
NASA / JPL-Caltech / Penn State University
WISE J0855−0714’s parallax allowed Luhman to infer that WISE J0855−0714 was close to the Sun. But the object’s parallax is small compared with its proper motion, which is its apparent motion across the sky from point A to point B over time. The object is traversing 8.1 arcseconds per year, the third largest proper motion of any object outside the solar system (second only to Barnard’s star and Kapteyn’s star). In comparison, most of the brightest stars have a proper motion of a few tenths of an arcsecond per year or less — for example, Rigel only moves 0.004 arcsecond per year.
The other thing that makes WISE J0855−0714 "cool" is that it really is cold! Using images of the object taken in different filters, Luhman estimated its temperature to be about 250 kelvin, or about 10 degrees below zero in Fahrenheit. This makes WISE J0855−0714 not only the coldest neighbor to the Sun but also the coldest brown dwarf ever discovered.
This combination of close, fast, and cold makes WISE J0855−0714 unique among all of the solar neighborhood members. As Luhman states in a press release, “It is very exciting to discover a new neighbor of our solar system that is so close. In addition, its extreme temperature should tell us a lot about the atmospheres of planets, which often have similarly cold temperatures.”
The discovery of WISE J0855−0714 points out just how important large-scale surveys of the sky, such as WISE, really are. This cold brown dwarf was discovered relatively close to the plane of our Milky Way, which astronomers often avoid because "crowding" can occur — that is, there are so many stars along the galactic plane that it can be tough to tell one from the other, especially when they are moving. (Luhman actually had to use multiple filters to separate WISE J0855−0714 from the signals of two stationary background objects in order to study it.) But as Luhman has shown, this may be a fertile hunting ground for finding more close companions to the Sun.
Reference: K. Luhman. "Discovery of a ~250 K Brown Dwarf at 2 pc from the Sun." Astrophysical Journal Letters, May 10, 2014.
News, Stellar Science
John Bochanski
About John Bochanski
5 thoughts on “Meet the Sun’s Chilly New Neighbor
1. Anthony Barreiro
Yes, very cool! If I’m interpreting the coordinates correctly, this brown dwarf is in the western end of Hydra, about 11 degrees south of the head of the snake, very near the fifth magnitude double star 15 Hydrae. I like knowing where things are in the sky. Maybe I’ll have a look in that direction after dark this evening, and wave to our new neighbor.
1. BDMayfield
I agree Dieter, this is a rogue planet. Per IAU’s definition brown dwarfs start at about 13 Jupiter masses. It shouldn’t matter how it formed, which might be extremely hard to discover. This makes this object the first rogue planet, which is bigger news than the discovery of just another “common” brown dwarf.
2. Alderamin
Some say, at 3-10 Jupiter masses, it’s actually a rogue planet. It’s definitely below the limit for ever fusing even deuterium, but it may have formed like a star from a collapsing cloud. It depends on what definition of a brown dwarf is adopted, what you might call this object.
3. PeteDeGraff
The article identifies proper motions but, I feel, should make clear that such motions are in reference to earth – which makes me wonder who is heading where and how fast? Some articles have spoken to that but usually only where earth is heading.
What ever happened to THE GREAT ATTRACTOR?
(Alan Dressler, Borzoi Book, Alfred A. Knopf, 1994)
And of course, when you get way out there, what do you use as a “ground” or “fixed” reference?
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Film Review
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Men in Black III
Josh Brolin and Will Smith in a scene from Barry Sonnenfeld’s Men in Black III. [Photo: Columbia Pictures]
Men in Black III 2 out of 4
It's been 15 full years since Barry Sonnenfeld's Men in Black made enough money to certify itself as a short-lived cultural phenomenon. Video games, junior novelizations, an animated series, a plot-rehashing rap single by star Will Smith, and a lousy 2002 sequel followed suit, effectively exhausting the public's apparent interest in the galaxy-defending exploits of a secret government agency tasked with patrolling (often with extreme prejudice) extraterrestrial activity on Earth.
Men in Black remains nimble, zippy blockbuster filmmaking. Buoyed along by the refined straight-man/stooge back and forth between Smith and Tommy Lee Jones, and inventive effects by Rick Baker, the movie endears itself more to the school of post-Dante popcorn fare than the Roland Emmerich and Michael Bay blow-'em-ups that would come to define the summer release slate. Coming in the late '90s, when The X-Files had helped bring tinfoil conspiracy theories into the mainstream, Men in Black essentially invested that show's villains—the cigarette-smoking Syndicate and their black-suited enforcers—with a degree of all-in-a-day's-work pathos. It was a film that delighted in its small details, in a space-age SuperBall wrecking havoc in the MIB's subterranean office, in the way Vincent D'Onofrio's insectoid villain wriggled inside his ill-fitting human flesh. Even its brilliant closing sequence—the camera pulling way back to reveal the whole Milky Way existing inside a marble being tossed around on a grand cosmic schoolyard—seemed to wink at the film being nothing more than a pleasant trifle.
Arriving without a tie-in Will Smith rap (Miami hip-hop impresario Pitbull's soundtrack offering, "Back in Time," is little consolation), Men in Black III is worlds away from the pleasures of the 1997 film. It feels, even when it's at its best, more like an attempt to reenergize a franchise than rebottle the lightning that electrified the original. Smith and Jones reteam as agents J and K, charged with saving Earth from an intergalactic threat in the form of Jermaine Clement's interstellar assassin Boris the Animal. Escaping from the Lunar-Max correctional facility (on the moon, natch), Boris gets his spiky hands on a time-traveling doohickey. His plan: to travel back in time to 1969 and kill the younger agent K, setting off a temporal chain reaction that will culminate in the destruction of Earth by Boris's home species. The film's plot: Send Agent J back to prevent this from happening.
Slinging Men in Black back to the late '60s allows the film's self-consciously kitschy aesthetic to catch up with itself. All the sleek modern furnishings of MIB headquarters, like Baker's creature designs, which seem lifted from the brightly colored covers of pulp sci-fi mags, fit right in (ditto the pre-Mad Men skinny ties). These films have always gotten undue mileage out of their playful winking at what real-world personages may be aliens (see Michael Jackson's embarrassing cameo in the second one), but more of these jokes hit in the context defined by the tensions between the crewcut post-war American authority and the hippies and freaks, and by the space race that would ignite the general public's interest in science fiction. In the film's funniest scene, J and the young K (Josh Brolin) crash a party at New York's Factory, where it's revealed that Andy Warhol is an MIB plant (played, perfectly, by Bill Hader) tasked with tracking the comings and goings of all art-scene aliens from the inside. ("I'm so out of ideas I've started painting soup cans," Hader's agent moans, begging to be extracted from his post.)
Sparing a few jokes and nifty set pieces (J's Wile E. Coyote-ish freefall back in time, as the present terraforms around him, shows how giddily novel the Men in Black films can be when they're firing on all cylinders), the plotting here is dull, often enervating. J and K spend the bulk of the film playing catch-up with Boris, attempting to keep one step ahead as he eliminates a group of key E.T.s. His chief target, a fifth-dimensional creature named Griffin (Michael Stuhlbarg), is likely the film's best invention. A nerdy Borgesian caricature, the hyperactive Griffin can visualize all of history in an instant, processing the cause-and-effect forking paths of possibility like an autistic supercomputer. In him, Men in Black 3 briefly finds its footing as a film that uses time travel not merely as a premise-generator or justification for its retro aesthetic, but to foreground the passage of time, and its infinitude of interlocked butterfly effects, as a theme in itself. Still, while these flickers of modest insight may intermittently enliven the film, they're not enough to salvage it from its own oppressive pointlessness.
"Anonymity is your name, silence your native tongue," Rip Torn (playing MIB leader Zed, duly killed off for the third installment) says to Smith in the first movie, a quick joke calling attention both to Smith's post-Fresh Prince rep as an urban loudmouth, and his above-the-title Hollywood superstar status. This time around, Smith actually is next to anonymous, rendered flat by a late career marked by thinly conceived remakes, saccharine actor-y fare, and cash-in sequels, which have offered diminishing returns on the actor's certifiable movie-star status. Men in Black 3 feels like a caricature of itself, a riff on a riff. It's a film of mediated impressions: Smith doing "Will Smith," Stuhlbarg doing Robin Williams, Clement doing Tim Curry, Tommy Lee Jones doing "Tommy Lee Jones," and Josh Brolin doing Tommy Lee Jones doing "Tommy Lee Jones." It fails to redouble on the hallmarks of the franchise, visual wit traded for bigger ray guns and showier displays of extraterrestrial arterial goop. The flashes of honest-to-goodness delight that distinguish the original are replaced by a gaudy cynicism, never more so than in the film's barely sly condescension toward the audience.
The bright, cartoon patina of Men in Black has never striven toward verisimilitude or anything. And all the memory-wiping containment sequences have always been a way of restoring a status quo of basic ignorance to a general public who couldn't possibly handle the truth. But here the cartoonish quality dodders into out-and-out gawkiness. As the film blasts toward its climax, unfolding that fateful day on Cape Canaveral when Apollo 11 launched out of the atmosphere, Sonnenfeld cuts to images of "typical" American families decked out in bright period pastels, smiling dumbly into their TV sets. It's a legitimate, capital-H historical moment, and one you'd think a film even superficially preoccupied with rocket ships and life beyond Earth would handle with a measured, dorky reverence. Instead, we're burdened with images of rubbernecked Ugly Americans and even worse, with the idea that for their behind-the-scenes historical tinkering, all that the Men in Black are prevising is a kind of slack-jawed complacency. It's a nasty, wholly unpleasant idea, but given that Men in Black 3 aspires to nothing more than adequacy in its ambitions to entertain, as if it were little more than a marquee placeholder title, it's one that's tough to argue with.
Director(s): Barry Sonnenfeld Screenwriter(s): Etan Cohen Cast: Will Smith, Tommy Lee Jones, Josh Brolin, Jemaine Clement, Michael Stuhlbarg, Emma Thompson Distributor: Columbia Pictures Runtime: 106 min Rating: PG-13 Year: 2012
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Color Color Presentation Transcript
• Color
• Color is a psychophysical concept depending both upon the spectral distribution of the radiant energy of the illumination source and the visual sensations perceived by the viewer
• Color perception depends mainly upon the physics of light and the physiology of the visual system, which results in the following psychological color sensations:
• hue: the color sensation associated with different parts of the spectrum such as red, yellow, or blue
• saturation: the color sensation corresponding to the degree of hue in a color
• brightness is the primary visual sensation
• Color Science
• Light is an electromagnetic wave. Its color is characterized by the wavelength content of the light.
• Laser light consists of a single wavelength: e.g., a ruby laser produces a bright, scarlet-red beam.
• Most light sources produce contributions over many wavelengths.
• However, humans cannot detect all light, just contributions that fall in the “visible wavelengths”.
• Short wavelengths produce a blue sensation, long wavelengths produce a red one.
• Visible light is an electromagnetic wave in the range 400 nm to 700 nm (where nm stands for nanometer, 10 9 meters).
• Color Science
• Fig. 4.2 shows the relative power in each wavelength interval for typical outdoor light on a sunny day. This type of curve is called a Spectral Power Distribution ( SPD ) or a spectrum .
• Human Vision
• The eye works like a camera, with the lens focusing an image onto the retina (upside-down and left-right reversed).
• The retina consists of an array of rods and three kinds of cones.
• The rods come into play when light levels are low and produce an image in shades of gray
• For higher light levels, the cones each produce a signal. Because of their differing pigments, the three kinds of cones are most sensitive to red ( R ), green ( G ), and blue ( B ) light.
• Human Vision
• The eye is most sensitive to light in the middle of the visible spectrum.
• The sensitivity of our receptors is also a function of wavelength
• Human Vision
• These spectral sensitivity functions can be represented by a vector function
• Since an SPD is a sum of single frequency lights, we can add up the cone responses for all wavelengths, waited by the sensitivity functions at those wavelengths leading to three integrals
• Image Formation
• Surfaces reflect different amounts of light at different wavelengths, and dark surfaces reflect less energy than light surfaces.
• Fig. 4.4 shows the surface spectral reflectance from (1) orange sneakers and (2) faded bluejeans. The reflectance function is denoted S ( ).
• Image Formation
• Image Formation
• So image formation involves an illuminant with SPD E( ) reflects off a surface with spectral reflectance function S( ) and is filtered by the eyes’ cone functions q( ) as shown in figure 4.5
• The function C( ) is called the color signal and is formed by the product of the illuminant and the reflectance
• Image Formation
• Image Formation
• The resulting equations, taking into account reflectance are as follows
• Camera Systems
• Camera systems are made in a similar fashion; studio-quality camera has three signals produced at each pixel location (corresponding to a retinal position).
• Analog signals are converted to digital, truncated to integers,and stored. If the precision used is 8-bit, then the maximum value for any of R; G;B is 255, and the minimum is 0.
• However, the light entering the eye of the computer user is that which is emitted by the screen|the screen is essentially a self-luminous source. Therefore we need to know the light E ( ) entering the eye.
• Gamma Correction
• The light emitted is in fact roughly proportional to the voltage raised to a power ; this power is called gamma , with symbol .
• (a) Thus, if the file value in the red channel is R , the screen emits light proportional to R , with SPD equal to that of the red phosphor paint on the screen that is the target of the red channel electron gun. The value of gamma is around 2.2.
• (b) It is customary to append a prime to signals that are gamma-corrected by raising to the power (1 / ) before transmission. Thus we arrive at linear signals :
• Gamma Correction
• Fig. 4.6(a) shows light output with no gamma-correction applied. We see that darker values are displayed too dark.
• This is also shown in Fig. 4.7(a), which displays a linear ramp from left to right.
• Fig. 4.6(b) shows the effect of pre-correcting signals by applying the power law R 1 / ; it is customary to normalize voltage to the range [0,1].
• Gamma Correction
• Gamma Correction
• The combined effect is shown in Fig. 4.7(b). Here, a ramp is shown in 16 steps from gray-level 0 to gray-level 255.
• Color Systems
• Combinations of three primary colors can match any unknown color for observers with normal color vision
• Often, we choose red, green, and blue as the three primary colors, and we can then represent some color C by a mixture of red, green, and blue:
• C = r C R + g C G + b C B
• RGB is the color model (a conceptual system for specifying colors numerically) used in computer monitors
• This model is additive
• Color-Matching Functions
• The amounts of R, G, B to match any color have been found by experiment as shown below
• Color-Matching Functions
• Since the red function has a negative lobe, three fake primary colors were devised that lead to primaries with only positive values
• The three functions are called x( ), y( ) and z( ).
• The middle function y matches the luminous efficiency curve V( )
• Color-Matching Functions
• Color-Matching Functions
• For a general SPD E ( ), the essential “colorimetric” information required to characterize a color is the set of tristimulus values X , Y , Z defined in analogy to (Eq. 4.2) as ( Y == luminance ):
• Color-Matching Functions
• The CIE devised a 2D diagram representing the 3D (X,Y,Z) values as shown below
• White Spectra
• The CIE defines several “white” spectra: illuminant A, illuminant C, and standard daylights D65 and D100. (Fig. 4.12)
• CIE Diagram
• Chromaticities on the spectrum locus (the “horseshoe” in Fig. 4.11) represent “pure” colors. These are the most “saturated”. Colors close to the white point are more unsaturated.
• The chromaticity diagram: for a mixture of two lights, the resulting chromaticity lies on the straight line joining the chromaticities of the two lights.
• The “dominant wavelength” is the position on the spectrum locus intersected by a line joining the white point to the given color, and extended through it.
• Color Monitor Specifications
• Color monitors are specified in part by the white point chromaticity that is desired if the RGB electron guns are all activated at their highest value (1.0, if we normalize to [0,1]).
• We want the monitor to display a speci ed white when when R’ = G’ = B’ =1.
• There are several monitor specifcations in current use (Table 4.1).
• Color Monitor Specifications
• Out of Gamut Colors
• We can use the monitor specifications to convert a CIE ( x,y,z ) triple into RGB values for the monitor
• Out of Gamut Colors
• What do we do if any of the RGB numbers is negative ? - that color, visible to humans, is out-of-gamut for our display.
• One method: simply use the closest in-gamut color available, as in Fig. 4.13.
• Another approach: select the closest complementary color.
• Out of Gamut Colors
• RGB Color Model for CRT Displays
• 1. We expect to be able to use 8 bits per color channel for color that is accurate enough.
• 2. However, in fact we have to use about 12 bits per channel to avoid an aliasing effect in dark image areas - contour bands that result from gamma correction.
• 3. For images produced from computer graphics, we store integers proportional to intensity in the frame buffer. So should have a gamma correction LUT between the frame buffer and the CRT.
• 4. If gamma correction is applied to floats before quantizing to integers, before storage in the frame buffer, then in fact we can use only 8 bits per channel and still avoid contouring artifacts.
• Color Systems
• CMYK is the color model used by printing presses
• This model is subtractive
• Light is absorbed, or subtracted by cyan, magenta, and yellow ink
• In process-color printing, layers of translucent inks are used, each subtracting certain colors of light
• Colors that are not absorbed pass through to the paper below which reflects all color
• For example, magenta ink looks magenta because it allows magenta light to pass through but absorbs all other colors
• Color Systems
• Device Independent Color Systems
• It is very difficult to accurately specify color since the perceived characteristics cannot be measured directly
• Print shops use swatch books (e.g. Letraset’s Pantone Matching System) of named, numbered colors to accurately specify colors
• Differences in press settings, and ink and paper brands may result in different colors being printed
• For this reason, there is a rising interest in device-independent color systems
• Device Independent Color Systems
• L*a*b color model is an international standard for color measurement
• It is designed to be device independent, creating consistent colors regardless of the device used to create or output the image
• L is the luminance or lightness component
• a is the is the green to red component
• b is the blue to yellow component
• L*a*b Color System
• Color Gamuts
• Color Models in Video
• Video Color Transforms
• (a) Largely derive from older analog methods of coding color for TV. Luminance is separated from color information.
• (b) For example, a matrix transform method similar to Eq. (4.9) called YIQ is used to transmit TV signals in North America and Japan.
• (c) This coding also makes its way into VHS video tape coding in these countries since video tape technologies also use YIQ.
• (d) In Europe, video tape uses the PAL or SECAM codings, which are based on TV that uses a matrix transform called YUV.
• (e) Finally, digital video mostly uses a matrix transform called YCbCr that is closely related to YUV
• YUV Color Model
• YUV color model has one luminance channel (Y) and two chrominance (color) channels - U and V
• The chrominance channels actually represent the difference between colors and a reference white (luminance)
• Luminance represents the grayscale (black and white) information
• For B/W television, the U and V can be ignored
• YIQ Color Model
• The YIQ color model is used in NTSC TV
• The Y is the same as in YUV
• I and Q are phase shifted from U and V to allow for more efficient transmission
• Note that the chrominance information is less perceptually important than the luminance, and hence less bandwidth is used for it
• YCbCr Color Model
• Finally, the YCbCr color model is used in the Rec. 601 digital video standard.
• Cb and Cr are the chrominance components
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Evolution Evolution Presentation Transcript
• Evolution Biology S.Rucker
• What scientific explanation can account for the diversity of life? Biodiversity- the degree of variety of life. Where do these differences stem from? The differences in these organisms stem from differences in their DNA (genetic diversity). Genetic diversity- differences in DNA among the same species of a population resulting in different physical characteristics Ex- why are these puppies all colored differently even though they are littermates?
• Evolution Evolution, or change over time in a population, is the process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms. A scientific theory is a well-supported testable explanation of phenomena that have occurred in the natural world. Evolution does not explain the origin of life itself.
• So how does evolution happen? Two hypotheses: J.B. Lamarck: Theory of Acquired Characteristics Published 1809 – same year Darwin and Abraham Lincoln were born. 1st “complete” theory of evolution Charles Darwin: Theory of Natural Selection Published in On the Origin of Species in 1859.
• Jean-Baptiste Lamarck 1744-1829 Proposed the Theory of Acquired CharacteristicsBy selective use or disuse of organs, organisms acquired (gained) or lost certain traits during their lifetime. These changes were then passed on to their offspring. Over time, this process led to change in a species.
• Lamarck’s Giraffe Example
• Charles Darwin Known as the “father” of evolution Proposed that evolution happens by “natural selection” or survival of the fittest Born in England (Feb. 12, 1809) Left England on a ship known as the HMS Beagle in 1831 for a voyage around the world Made observations on the Galapagos islands Darwin was the “first” to “discover” why evolution happens. He published his ideas in a book called On the Origin of Species by Natural Selection in 1859
• Galapagos Islands
• 620 miles
• Galapagos Islands A group of islands located ~1,000 km (around 620 miles) west of South America Islands very close together but had very different climates and different types of food sources Darwin studied ground tortoises , iguanas, and finches
• 1 mile
• Giant Tortoises of the Galápagos Islands Pinta Pinta Island Tower Marchena Intermediate shell Fernandina James Santa Cruz Isabela Santa Fe Hood Island Floreana Isabela Island Dome-shaped shell Hood Saddle-backed shell
• Darwin’s ideas Discussed how organisms evolved from other organisms and how new species formed from “common ancestors” Ex- the lion, tiger, panther, bobcat and common house cat all descended or “came from” a common ancestor Ex- Tigers, dogs, horses, and bats share a common ancestor because they are all mammals
• Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection 1. In nature, there is a struggle for existence, meaning that there is competition between each species for resources such as food, water, shelter, and space; in the same species there is competition for mates Ex- In predators, such as wolves, the wolf that has the ability to catch more rabbits will survive and reproduce more Ex- In prey, such as rabbits, that rabbits are faster, better camouflaged, etc. and will survive
• Natural Selection Natural selection-Individuals that are better adapted and more “FIT” will survive and reproduce more successfully. aka “Survival of the fittest”
• 5 points of Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection 1. There is genetic variation within populations 2. Some variations serve an organism better than others 3. More young are produced in each generation than can survive 4. Those that survive and reproduce must be those with better variations 5. Over enormous spans of time, small changes gather and populations change to the point of forming new species.
• So what makes some organisms “better” than others? An adaptation is a genetic change within a new species that increases its fitness Ex- long legs, camouflage, jumping ability, etc Fitness is defined as an organism’s chances of survival until it can reproduce Depends on factors such as • Mating success • Avoiding predators • Finding food Which one of these moths would be considered more “fit” for this environment? Influenced by physical traits (adaptations) AND behavior.
• Bill Gates, Microsoft CEO Brad Pitt, Actor
• How quickly does evolution happen? Ideas differ based on the rate of change Gradualism – evolution occurs slowly but steadily over time Darwin and Lamarck believed this Punctuated Equilibrium – organisms change rapidly in bursts, followed by time unchanged Proposed by Steven Jay Gould (1941-2002)
• Gradualism Change Time
• Punctuated Equilibrium Change Time
• But evolution was not Darwin’s Idea…He just figured out how it worked (the mechanism) Evolutionary thought (and Darwin) was influenced by many individuals James Hutton (1785): Geologist estimating Earth to be millions of years old Thomas Malthus (1798): Economist studying interplay between population size and available resources J.B. Lamarck (1809): Proposed a flawed mechanism for how organisms change.
• Agreements and Disputes The scientific community agrees that… Species change over time because of heritable traits Present-day organisms have descended from ancestors from the past Evolution occurs by natural selection The Earth is 4.6 billion years old Many scientists disagree about… The rate at which evolution occurs The exact ancestral relationships of species
• Evidence of Evolution Can be found in: fossils geographic distribution of living species embryology Homologous structures Vestigial structures Biochemical similarities
• 1. Fossils Paleontologists study fossils. Fossil – any evidence of an organism that is dead now. Can be mineralized pieces of the organism (often bones or shells), footprints, tunnels from burrowing creatures Fossils show, beyond any doubt, that life on Earth has changed over time.
• How mammals adapted to life in the sea – whale evolution! Important changes: * Pelvis and hind-limbs reduced * Tail lengthened for swimming * Jaws modified for feeding on plankton
• Dating Fossils & the Earth Two methods for determining age of objects: Radiometric dating – gives an approximate age (in years) by analyzing the presence of radioactive isotopes in the sample Eg) Carbon dating measures C-14; often used on fossils Eg) Dating rocks on Earth has led to our estimate of the Earth’s age – 4.6 billion years. Relative dating – requires 2 objects; can only tell which is older or younger than the other by comparing their positions in the ground. Eg) Fossils in deeper strata (rock layers) are older than those found in strata above it.
• In the strata of your laundry hamper…or bedroom floor… Where are the clothes you wore yesterday? The day before? And before that? And before that?
• Why are there “gaps” in the fossil record? Not all organisms fossilize Natural processes destroy fossils Conditions are rarely suitable for fossilization when an organism dies They are often buried and hard to find Fossils (blue) will rarely be on the direct line of descent to present-day species (red).
• Which strata is older? A B If we found fossils in Layer A and Layer B, which fossils are older?
• 2) Geographic Distribution of Living Species Similar species exist in different geographic locations Ex. Beaver, muskrat, cap ybara, and coypu are all similar species that are found in both N. America and S. America (suggested continents were once close) Beaver Muskrat Beaver and Muskrat Coypu Capybara Coypu and Capybara
• 3) Homologous Structures Structures on different species that developed from the same body part Ex. The flippers on a dolphin developed from the same body part as the arms of humans
• Divergence results in homologous structures Homologous structure- Structures with different mature forms but develop from the same embryonic tissue because they have a common evolutionary origin. Eg) Vertebrate limbs Whale flippers, frog forelimbs, and your own human arm most likely evolved from the front flippers of an ancient jawless fish. Turtle Alligator amphibian Ancient fish Bird Mammal
• The picture above shows part of the pectoral girdle and limb of two flying vertebrates known as the bat and the prehistoric pterosaur. Which bone of the pterosaur corresponds to the humerus of the bat?
• 4. Comparative Anatomy: Vestigial Structures Vestigial structure (or organ)- Features that have lost all or most of their original function and are similar to structures possessed by ancestral organisms. These are remnants of more developed structures that were present and functional in ancestors. Important: vestigial structures are not always “useless” – they often have reduced functions that are not essential for survival Humans: appendix, coccyx (tail-bone), body hair, wisdom teeth, muscles that move our ears Whales and pythons: hind-limb bones Pigs: toes that do not touch the ground Wingless birds: vestigial wing bones Blind, burrowing or cave-dwelling animals: nonfunctioning eyes.
• Hind-limb bones in a whale (top) and python (right).
• Vestigial hind-limbs of a snake
• Flightless Cormorants (Nannopterum harrisi) live on the Galápagos Islands. They must have been able to fly at some time in their history, but now they have only vestigial wings, which when held out to dry in typical Cormorant style, look tatty and pathetic. These vestigial wings do not help them when swimming (they move through the water by kicking their powerful feet), but they are thought to help them to keep balance when hopping between rocks.
• The Kiwis: New Zealand’s wingless group of birds – not the fruit! The wings are not quite absent, as the name implies, but are extremely aborted, consisting of a rudimentary humerus and one complete digit.
• 5) Embryology In early stages of development, or embryos, many animals with backbones are very similar
• 6. Biochemical Evidence for Evolution (DNA similarities) All organisms made of the same basic molecules (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids) All organisms based on the same, universal genetic code. The more closely related one species is to another, the more similarities should be observed in their biochemical makeup DNA sequences Amino acid sequences of proteins
• Evolution of a Cell
• One method of determining the classification of an animal is comparing the amino acid sequence.
• Convergent vs Divergent Evolution
• Divergent Evolution Divergent evolution (aka. speciation)- when a group from a specific population accumulates enough changes that it becomes a new species and is reproductively isolated (cannot interbreed) from its ancestors. A species is a group of organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring. A population is a group of individuals of the same species that can breed. Organisms that have recently “diverged” share many characteristics, but are too different to interbreed. Organisms that diverged a long time ago have fewer characteristics in common. Homologous structures are produced by divergence.
• Causes of divergence in species Mutation as the cause of divergenceSometimes mutations in the population cause changes in the gene pool resulting in the emergence of new species but this is rare! Ex- a bacterial cell mutates into a new species- MRSA vs Staph aureus
• Isolation leads to Divergence Different types of isolation: 1) Geographic isolation – when populations become physically separated & unable to reproduce Such as the storm-blown finches on the Galapagos Continental movement, sea level changes, mountain range formation, new rivers, etc. Sometimes referred to as reproductive isolation because two species can’t physically come together to mate due to geographical barrier (like the grand canyon)
• Isolation (cont.) Sources of isolation 2) Behavioral isolation –two populations are capable of interbreeding but have differences in courtship rituals or other reproductive strategies that involve behavior. These meadowlarks have overlapping ranges but do not interbreed because they have different mating songs. Each population will evolve independently and slowly accumulate more differences. Eastern Meadowlark Western Meadowlark
• Isolation (cont.) Sources of isolation: 3) Temporal isolation – individuals mate at different times of the year. Ranges overlap, but they do not mate at the same time of year! Eastern Spotted Skunk (mates late winter) Western Spotted Skunk (mates late summer)
• Adaptive Radiation Adaptive radiation – When a single species diverges rapidly into several different species which all “occupy” different niches. Niche – an organism’s role in it’s environment When 2 organisms occupy the same niche, competition arises. Darwin noticed adaptive radiation in finches on the Galapagos Islands.
• Hypothesis: Ancestral finch species blown over to the Galapagos Islands from South America during a hurricane. In a brand new environment, the finches rapidly adapted to exploit available food sources.
• Answer these questions???? An organism’s job is called its _______. How many different niches do you observe from Darwin’s finch diagram?
• The finches of Galapagos islands were separated by very little distance. However, there were many different species of finches with different beak size and shape that evolved from a common finch. What can account for the different species of finches? A) closeness of islands B) many predators C) different available food D) each island has a different climate The island of Tasmania is off the coast of Australia. It is home to the Tasmanian Devil. The Tasmanian Devils on Tasmania are very different from its cousin on the mainland of Australia. What can account for these differences?
• Convergent Evolution Convergent evolution – process in which species that are not closely related to each other independently develop similar traits. Eg) Butterflies, hawks, and bats all have wings. NOT due to a common ancestor passing a “wing” gene to each Each kind of wing evolved independently, suggesting that the trait of flight is useful for the purpose of survival and reproduction. These wings are considered to be analogous structures.
• Analogous Structures A result of convergent evolution, analogous structures look and function similarly but do not share a common evolutionary history. Eg) Wings. These structures perform the same function (flight), but they evolved independently. “Hummingbird moth” (an insect) “Hummingbird” (a bird)
• Streamlined bodies and various appendages for moving quickly through water… Yet a shark is a fish… Penguins are birds… And dolphins are mammals. These features evolved independently in response to the selective pressures of a marine life.
• Magnified by SEM Koala Human
• Types of Evolution & Supporting Evidence Fossil Record Biochemistry Comparative Anatomy Divergent evolution Homologous Structures Adaptive Radiation Convergent Evolution Analogous Structures Vestigial Structures Embryology
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119598
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How to Use Peppermint Essential Oil
How to Use Peppermint Essential Oil is full of aromatherapy recipes and color pictures which teach you how to use peppermint essential oil to improve your physical, mental and emotional health. It also teaches you when not to use this versatile aromatherapy oil so that you can avoid hazardous side effects. More
Words: 4,080
Language: English
ISBN: 9781476008479
About Miriam Kinai
I am a freelance writer who loves researching and writing books.
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119620
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DAILY NEWS Jun 16, 2014 11:09 AM - 0 comments
Retailers dropping bag fees after complaints
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By: SWR Staff
When it comes to answering that modern moral query at the checkout, “Do you need a bag?” the retailers that first pushed for sustainability in the form of plastic bag fees are again turning to convenience, leaning on the motto that the customer is always right.
Ongoing customer complaints are essentially convincing major Canadian retailers like Indigo Books & Music, Home Depot and Loblaws to change strategies mid-stream, dropping the standard five-cents per bag fee at the checkout.
Indigo has been phasing out the bag fee for two years, after it began in June 2010. While it still sells reusable bags, the company is now offering customers paper and plastic bags for free again. It had used a portion of the proceeds from the bag tax to support World Wildlife Fund Canada and its conservation initiatives such as protecting the Mackenzie River Basin.
Home Depot has taken a similar course.
Loblaws, however, is changing gears gradually. Where it once had eight stores with bag fees, that number has now dropped to six.
Oxfam cotton bag design concepts by Christian Guthier
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119627
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Fannie Mae
From SourceWatch
Jump to: navigation, search
Fannie Mae (Federal National Mortgage Association or FNMA) is regarded as the the nation’s second largest financial institution in the United States. [1] The company also is believed to finance one of every five home-mortgage loans in the United States. [2]
According to its website, Fannie Mae provides "financial products and services that make it possible for low-, moderate-, and middle-income families to buy homes of their own." [3]
However, on April 15, 2006, in an article by the Associated Press, Fannie Mae fell short in 2005 of some of the government-set goals for making home ownership affordable partly due to an $11 billion scandal. [4]
The article also stated that the company gave its chief executive officer, Daniel Mudd, $8 million of restricted company stock and a $2.6 million cash bonus for 2005 in addition to his $950,000 salary. [5]
Charges of inappropriate accounting practices
Back in 2004, the company was involved in a multi-billion financial accounting scandal. On September 22,2004, Fannie Mae was charged with "with inappropriate accounting practices" by a government review. The Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight, the company's official regulator outlined their findings by stating that Fannie Mae's accounting methods "deviate from standard practice, internal control failures and presents a pattern that accentuated stable earnings at the expense of accurate financial disclosures." [6]
As a result of the scandal, its chief executive Franklin Raines and J. Timothy Howard, the company’s chief financial officer, stepped down in December 2004. [7].
A review by the Securities and Exchange Commission in December 2004, concluded that the company has to restate earnings back to 2001 because it violated accounting rules for derivatives, which are financial instruments used to hedge against interest-rate swings, as well as for prepaid loans. [8]
In February 2006, a report by a team of investigators led by former U.S. Senator of New Hamsphire Warren Rudman pointed to J. Timothy Howard as mainly being responsible for the accounting failures. The report also stated that that former chairman and CEO Franklin Raines, while not sharing direct responsibility, "contributed to a culture of arrogance at the government-sponsored company." Rudman was hired by the board of Fannie Mae, as independent counsel to launch an investigation at the time of the stunning disclosures in September 2004. [9]
On April 26, 2006, the Bush administration appointed James Lockhart, deputy commissioner of the Social Security Administration, to head the the Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight that regulates Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. [10]
From 1998 to 2008, Fannie Mae spent $80.53 million on federally registered lobbyists, including $2 million in 2005 to hire the Republican firm DCI to defeat legislation that would have imposed tougher regulations on aFreddie’s loan repurchase activities.[1]
Contact details
3900 Wisconsin Ave. NW
Washington, DC 20016
Phone: 202-752-7000
Email: headquarters AT
Articles & resources
1. Page 84-85, Sold Out - How Wall Street and Washington Betrayed America , Consumer Education Foundation, March, 2009.
2. Fannie Mae Executives, accessed July 2007.
External resources
External links
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119655
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Empires by Leader (Clickable)
Random History or World Leaders Quiz
Can you pick the leaders of the empires?
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Name the Movie from This One Scene
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Can you name the Name the Movie from This One Scene?
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Score 0/14 Timer 08:00
In a vulgarity-riddled tirade, one man, standing, tells three other men, seated, that they will lose their jobs unless they perform better.
A man talks to himself in a bathroom mirror. In another room, a woman goes through his coat.
A man climbs up a ladder and looks up.... to see a frog land directly on his face.
A woman shouts vulgarities at a man while going around the room and collecting every pen/pencil in sight.
Tight shot on several candles beside a bathtub. As the offscreen fornication intensifies, water splashes out most of the candles.
At breakfast, a man offers a woman a tray of cornbread. She angrily slaps the tray away, and it rattles on the floor.
Pulling up to the window of a drive-thru restaurant, a woman is shocked to see her husband working there.
A man tosses a date up in to the air. But before it lands in his mouth, another man reaches out and grabs it.
A man and a woman stand in line for a movie, painfully enduring the incessant blathering of the couple behind them.
A man and a woman make eyes at one another at a bar. When we cut back to the woman, she has been replaced with a white bunny.
The co-pilot of a plane violently grabs the shirt of a little boy.
A waitress is frantically trying to figure out her tables' orders. From the adjacent booth, a young boy dumps a scoop of ice cream in her apron.
After seeing a pouch of jewels, a man joyously tears up a series of contracts on the beach.
A man stops at a red light. He reaches over, opens the passenger door, and pushes out the television that had been in the shotgun seat.
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Created Oct 30, 2009ReportNominate
Tags:One Scene, scene
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119657
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Modern Library Titles: 6-Words or More
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Can you pick the 6-word (or more) titles from Modern Library 100 Best Novels since 1900?
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119669
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1. Mediaite
2. The Mary Sue
3. Styleite
4. The Braiser
5. SportsGrid
6. Gossip Cop
A-Rod Is Suing The MLB Because Why The Hell Not
alex rodriguezOn top of appealing his 211-game suspension, Alex Rodriguez is now suing Major League Baseball for, among other things, trying to force him out of the game and ruining his reputation. At this point, A-Rod appears to be going for the “I don’t have any more fucks to give” strategy. We’ll see if it pays off.
Here are some of the fun things A-Rod claims is happening to him because of this suspension:
-He no longer has the “sterling reputation” needed to represent brands like Nike, Pepsi, Wheaties and Colgate.
-He won’t get any new endorsements to replace the old ones because of his “alleged” actions.
-He lost endorsements from Toyota and Nike before he had a chance at a fair due process.
-He won’t make as much from his autograph and likeness because no one wants a cheater’s autograph or likeness, right?
-He won’t be in that movie that he wanted to be in (“Harry and Me”).
-His construction company and Mercedes-Benz dealership won’t get as much business, because the only reason people use his construction company or dealership is because A-Rod is associated with them.
-He won’t make as much Yankee money from the Yankees now.
Don’t you just feel so bad for a guy who won’t make as much money from Pepsi now as he did before?
A-Rod also released a statement:
Of course, these two things are not separate from each other. They are directly intertwined. A-Rod says that the league is tarnishing his reputation, but if A-Rod did in fact take steroids — not to mention try to buy evidence — then it was A-Rod himself who did the tarnishing.
It helps that the whole steroids things is never addressed directly in A-Rod’s 31-page lawsuit, which you can read here.
[The Big Lead]
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119684
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[Stackless] tasklets / greenlets vs. threads / microthreads
Christian Tismer tismer at stackless.com
Tue Mar 16 15:37:12 CET 2004
Andy Sy wrote:
> Can someone give a short summary of how tasklets are different from
> microthreads (i.e. what are their pros and cons)? From what I
> remember with playing around with Will Ware's uthreads module a couple
> of years ago, microthreads offer a very similar interface and
> functionality as normal threads (as the name would imply).
> How do tasklets and greenlets compare to threads/microthreads? Can they
> be used for the same things?
Microthreads try to behave like threads. This includes
pre-emptive scheduling.
Richard Emslie implemented pre-emptive scheduling in the
to implement microthreads on top of that.
This doesn't mean that I like threads at all, it is just that
people are asking for it. I personally prefer explicit task
switching over implicit, but there are a few applications
which really make sense, for instance, a background task
that automagically saves pickles of a running program,
and yo don't need to change the program for this service.
Tasklets are meant in a way like a simplified subset of
threads, and by design they are chained together into
a circular list for round-robin scheduling.
On the sprint it came up that this is even too much,
and we should have a simpler interface, where tasklets
can be built upon. We had an indea of "corolets", small
coroutine like thingies which just can be switched passsing
a value.
Then the greenlets came up. They basically are these
corolets, but they come together with a new way of how to
hard-switch the C stack, and they generalize the problem
of how to soft-switch at the same time.
Yes, greenlets will be the building block for tasklets
and microthreads.
ciao - chris
Christian Tismer :^) <mailto:tismer at stackless.com>
PGP 0x57F3BF04 9064 F4E1 D754 C2FF 1619 305B C09C 5A3B 57F3 BF04
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119702
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Statalist The Stata Listserver
Re: st: The origin of the word Stata?
From Caleb Southworth <>
Subject Re: st: The origin of the word Stata?
Date Thu, 26 Oct 2006 11:04:23 -0700 (PDT)
On Thu, 26 Oct 2006, Jeremy Miles wrote:
:But does that rhyme with baiter, barter, or batter? Or can we
:pronounce Stata differently, depending on where we are from (or where
:we live)?
:Jeremy "rhyme with baiter" Miles
Despite essential support from the UK and some of its immediate
colonies that attach "r" on the end of words ending in "a" (Boston
;-), Stata's origins are West Coast and now, gasp, Texas, hence:
Stay-ta or Staay-ta.
Caleb "rhymes with data" Southworth
University of Oregon Sociology
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119703
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st: J(): 3900 unable to allocate real <tmp>[397520,280]
From "Dr. Roberto Mura" <>
Date Sun, 01 Jun 2008 01:29:53 +0100
Dear all, I am trying to run a dynamic panel data regression using xtabond2. I have the most updated version of both Stata 9 and xtabond2 installed.
I am running a GMM-SYS as follows:
xtabond2 BVLEV l.BVLEV EBIT_TA MB DEP_TA size1 FA_TA RD_dum RD_TA IND_BVLEV years*, gmm(BVLEV EBIT_TA MB DEP_TA size1 FA_TA RD_TA , lag(2 2)) iv(years* RD_dum IND_BVLEV, passthru) nodiffsargan noleveleq robust small noc twostep artests(5) h(2)
I have 177586 obs between 1965 and 2004 with 16986 firms
When I run it on my desktop PC (AMD Athlon(tm) 64 3700+) running XP Pro 64bit (and Stata 9 SE 64) things are fine;
however, when I try to run exactly the same command on my Laptop (Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Duo) running Windows Vista Home Premium using Stata 9 SE 32 bit I get this error code:
_Explode(): - function returned error
_ParseInsts(): - function returned error
xtabond2_mata(): - function returned error
<istmt>: - function returned error
I have exactly the same amount of physical RAM on both machines (4G). However, for some reason I cannot seem to be able to set more than 1000m of RAM on the laptop or it replies that the op sys refuses........
Does anyone have any idea on how to sort this problem with the Laptop?
Thank you
Dr. Roberto Mura, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor of Finance
The Manchester Accounting & Finance Group
Manchester Business School
University of Manchester
Crawford House, Oxford Road
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/119704
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Bookmark and Share
st: R2's from xtreg
From Daifeng He <>
Subject st: R2's from xtreg
Date Wed, 16 Nov 2011 22:28:39 -0500
Hi there,
I have a question about the different R2's reported after -xtreg, fe-.
The "xtreg" entry in the Stata Manual explains the difference
between the three R2 reported by -xtreg, fe-, so I understand that the
"within R2" is the R2 from the demeaned regression, but I am having a
hard time in understaing the "overall R2." The manual seems (to me)
to say that the overall R2 is the R2 from the fixed effect model
before the demeaning, then shouldn't this R2 be the same as the R2
from the -areg-? But they are different! Can somebody help?
does not allow formatting..)
y_it_hat = a + b*x_it (1)
y_it_bar = a + b*x_it_bar (2)
Thanks very much for any help,
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Past and future editions of 'Improving National Accounts'
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Title: Improving National Accounts - Measuring UK Private Non-Financial Corporations' Overseas Deposits and Loans
Release date: 14 September 2012 at 9:30am
Geographic breakdown: UK and GB | Designation: Supporting material
Summary: This article highlights the work being carried out to improve the measurement of deposits and loans held by UK Private Non-Financial Corporations (PNFCs) with overseas banks. It is the first in a series of articles about the continuous improvements that are taking place to further improve the measurement of the UK's National Accounts.
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Equipping Christian Ambassadors with Knowledge, Wisdom, and Character
Can the Idea of Hell Be Defended? Explore More Content
Lots of Doubts
While the Bible clearly teaches that Hell is a reality, many of us are still so repulsed by the idea that we just naturally find ourselves raising a number of objections to the idea that God would (1) create such a place, and (2) assign people to such a place. As Christians, we know that our ultimate authority is God’s Word, so the temptation always exists to simply trust what God has revealed to us and resist the impulse to dig out the philosophical defenses for the existence of Hell. But that won’t help us defend the doctrine of Hell to those in our world who are not yet Christians. It won’t help us to defend our beliefs to a world that does NOT accept the teaching of the Bible. God has commanded us to be ready to defend even the tough truths of the faith as we share our hope of Heaven (and our confidence that we won’t end up in Hell):
1 Peter 3:15-16
So let’s take a look at some common objections to the Christian notion of Hell as we try to defend the truth of the Christian Worldview.
Objection One
Why Would a Good God Create Hell in the First Place?
The idea that anything as vile and repulsive as Hell could come from a good God is quite a stumbling block for some people. In fact, the Christian notion of Hell is enough for some to reject the Christian God altogether. How could a supposedly good God even create such a place?
Mercy Requires Justice
The answer here is directly connected to the nature of God. The Christian God of the Bible has a nature that is the perfect balance of MERCY and JUSTICE. Over and over again, the Bible describes God with these characteristics:
The Merciful Nature of God
God Is Loving
1 John 4:8-9
The one who does not love does not know God, for
God is love.
God Is Gracious
Exodus 33:19
1 Peter 2:1-3
kindness of the Lord.
God Is Merciful
Exodus 34:6
slow to anger, and abounding in lovingkindness and truth;
James 5:11
The Just Nature of God
God Is Holy
Psalms 77:13
Thy way, O God, is
holy; What god is great like our God?
God is Just
Nehemiah 9:33
…Thou art
2 Thessalonians 1:6-7
For after all
God Hates Sin
Psalms 5:5-6
abhors the man of bloodshed and deceit.
God Punishes Sinners
Matthew 25:45-46
The God of the Bible is described as loving, gracious and merciful. At the same time, however, He is described as holy and just; hating sin and punishing sinners! While we, as humans, would sometimes rather focus on only the MERCIFUL aspects of God’s nature, doing so would completely ignore God’s JUST nature. And remember, mercy without justice is NOT mercy. MERCY and JUSTICE (‘love’ and ‘truth’) require each other in order to have any value or meaning at all. Let me give you an example. Let’s say I’m driving down the road with my son David and I look over and say to him, “David, my son, I truly love you!” I think he would feel pretty good about that statement and he would value what I just told him, recognizing that I said something significant to him. Something meaningful.
But let’s say I continue to drive down the road and see a mugger beating up an old lady. I stop my car and roll down my window and say to the mugger, “Hey mister mugger, my son, I truly love you!” Then I roll up the window and drive away. My son David would probably have to rethink my earlier statement to him. He might think, ‘Yeah, he tells me that he loves me, but he says that to EVERYONE.” If I am not JUST about who I show my love to, if I am not selective about whom I praise, then my love and praise are meaningless. If I feel this way about EVERYONE, then I don’t really feel this way about ANYONE. Does that make sense?
At the same time, if all I am ever concerned about is JUSTICE, (what’s right and wrong, what’s fair and just) but I have no love for people, then I will eventually end up being a judgmental, arrogant jerk! Justice without mercy is harsh and condemning! Mercy requires justice to have any meaning, and justice requires mercy to have any power. In the end, a loving God (if He is TRULY loving) offers love that is measured by justice. A loving God offers both a Heaven and a Hell. A loving God offers a path to RELATIONSHIP and a possibility of JUDGMENT. One without the other has no meaning at all. With this understanding in mind, it is a bit easier to answer the objection that a good God would not create Hell in the first place:
• Objection:
Why Would A Good God Create Hell in the First Place?
• Response:
A loving God would NOT be loving if He did not punish evil. Mercy would have NO meaning if it was not applied with justice.
Objection Two
Why Doesn’t a Loving God Make Sure EVERYONE Goes to Heaven?
The idea that everyone is eventually reunited with a loving God in Heaven (regardless of what they believe or how they behave in this life) is called “Universalism”. It is certainly an attractive idea (for obvious reasons), and in a world of increasing relativism, it’s not surprising that this kind of objection would be raised. After all, we are living in a world where more and more of us believe that ‘all paths’ lead to Heaven. As Christians, we know this cannot be true because it cannot be reconciled with the teaching of the Bible, but that won’t suffice for our friends who don’t accept what the Bible teaches in the first place.
A Compulsory Heaven Eliminates Free Will
People who want to go to Heaven in spite of their free will choice to deny the existence of God while here on earth, are true champions of the concept of free will, aren’t they? After all, they want to be able to express their free will to deny that there is any one exclusive truth about the nature of God and the nature of Heaven. But these same people seldom stop to think that the concept of ‘Universalism’ actually denies free will altogether. If Heaven is the ONLY destination that can possibly await us (based on their assumption that ALL who die eventually end up there) then Heaven is actually COMPULSORY. In this view of the world, we have no choice about where we end up. EVERYONE is reunited with God. In essence, a ‘compulsory’ Heaven actually DENIES the existence of free will, the very thing that they cherish. By offering (but not forcing) Heaven to those who freely choose to love the God who reigns there, God is actually honoring and respecting the free will choice of all of us. He is treating us with the utmost respect and dignity.
A Compulsory Heaven Would Include the “Unsuited”
But in addition to this, the concept of a Heaven that accepts anyone and everyone is counter intuitive and un-reasonable. Just think about it for a minute. Most of us would agree that a holy place of eternal reward is simply not suited for people with a certain kind of character or for people with certain kinds of desires. Now we may not all agree on who should or shouldn’t be included in such a place, but most of us would hesitate while pondering the possibility that people like Hitler (or life long pedophiles with murderous desires) should be rewarded eternally in Heaven. If there is a Heaven, it is surely unsuited for certain kinds of people.
A loving God would make Heaven possible for ALL of us while respecting the free will desire of SOME of us. A loving God would reward those of us who have decided to choose Him while dealing justly with those of us who have decided to choose against Him. It turns out that this is exactly the kind of God that we worship.
• Objection:
Why Doesn’t a Loving God Make Sure Everyone Goes to Heaven?
• Response:
A loving God honors our free will and our desire to choose Him, while dealing justly with those who have rejected Him.
Objection Three
Why Would a Loving God Punish Finite Sin with Infinite Torture?
For many people, the idea that our temporal behavior or choices here on earth should deserve an eternal punishment of infinite torment seems rather inequitable. The punishment does not seem to fit the crime. In fact, the punishment seems extraordinarily excessive! Why would God torture eternally those who have sinned temporally? Why would God torture infinitely those who have only sinned finitely?
Torment is Not Torture
Well, part of the problem is the way we are using language here. The Bible tells us that those who are delivered into Hell will be tormented, and the degree to which they will suffer is described in illustrative language. The torment is compared to a fire that cannot be quenched. But the scripture never describes Hell as a place where God or His angels are actively TORTURING the souls of the rebellious. It is accurate to describe Hell as a place of separation from God where souls will be in ongoing conscious torment, but Hell is never described as a place of active TORTURE at the hands of God or His agents. Instead, Hell is always described as a state of torment that comes as the result of a choice on the part of the person who finds himself there. There is a difference between torture and torment. I can be in torment over a decision that I made in the past, without being actively tortured by anyone.
Duration of the Punishment is Not Based on Duration of the Crime
But let’s face it, the torment experienced in Hell IS eternal, and for some, this still seems inequitable compared to the finite and limited sins that we might commit here on earth. So let’s address the issue of the DURATION of the punishment. First, it’s important for us to remember that the severity of a crime does not always have anything to do with the amount of time it takes to commit it. Think about this for a minute. If I embezzle five dollars a day from my boss over the course of five years, I might eventually get caught and pay the penalty for embezzling $32,500.00. In the State of California, this violates California Penal Code 503PC and the punishment might be anything from probation to a 5 year state prison sentence. But if I become enraged at a coworker and in the blink of an eye I lose my temper and kill him, the crime is now murder (187PC). This crime took much less than five years to commit. It only took five seconds! Yet the penalty for this crime is far greater. I will be serving at least 25 years to life, and I may even be put to death. The penalties for these two crimes are very different, and they have nothing to do with the duration of the actual criminal act. Instead, the severity of the crime is the key to determining its punishment.
It’s the same way with God. The duration of the crime has little to do with the duration of the penalty. It’s all about the severity of the crime. “But are you trying to tell me that my disbelief alone is severe enough for me to deserve an eternal hell?” That question will be addressed in the next section. For now, it’s enough to simply point out that the DURATION of the crime is not what determines the punishment of the crime.
Punishment is Based on the Source of the Law
In addition to this, it’s important to remember that the punishment for any crime is determined NOT by the criminal, but by the authority who is responsible for upholding the standard. Justice is determined NOT by the law breaker, but by the law giver. Justice and punishment take shape based on the nature of the SOURCE OF THE LAW, not the nature of the SOURCE OF THE OFFENSE. Since God is the source of justice and the law, it is HIS nature that is reflected in the nature of the punishment. Since God is ETERNAL and CONSCIOUS, all rewards and punishments must also be ETERNAL and CONSCIOUS.
The Crime is Worse Than You Think
Finally, it’s important to remember the nature of the crime that eventually leads one into Hell. It is not the fact that you kicked your dog in 1992. It’s not the fact that you had evil thoughts about your teacher in 1983. The crime that earns us a place in Hell is our rejection of the true and living eternal God. This rejection is not finite. People who reject God have rejected Him completely. They have rejected him to their death, to the very end. They have rejected him as an ultimate and final decision. God then has the right and the obligation to judge them with an ultimate punishment. To argue that God’s punishment does not fit our crime is to underestimate our crime.
• Objection:
Why Would A Loving God Punish Finite Sin With Infinite Torture?
• Response:
A Loving God simply allows us to suffer the anguish and torment that are the consequence of our bad choices. There is a difference between self-inflicted torment and active torture at the hands of another. The duration of the crime has nothing to do with the duration of the punishment (even in this life). It is the source of the law that determines the shape of the punishment, and God is a perfect eternal, conscious being. Don’t be surprised to find that we often underestimate the eternal consequence of our own sinful and ultimate choice to reject God.
Objection Four
Why Would a Loving God Send Good People to Hell?
Many of my friends have complained that it is unfair for God to penalize people who are otherwise good, just because they haven’t heard about Jesus. How many times have your non-believing friends say something like, “Hey, I’m a good person. If there is a Heaven, I know I’ll be there, because I’ve never done anything to deserve Hell”? I hear this all the time. It is almost as if they are making the claim that the Christian God simply sends people to Hell because they haven’t heard about Jesus or because they didn’t believe in Jesus. But this is simply NOT the case.
There Are No Innocent People
God sends people to Hell because they DESERVE it. God assigns people to Hell because people are GUILTY:
Revelation 20:12
And what are the ‘works’ of human beings? Remember what Paul quoted and described when outlining the true nature of humans:
Romans 3:10-18
Humans are NOT actually as ‘good’ as they would like to think we are. We are continually ‘missing the mark’. We are continually ‘sinning’. And this sin is worthy of punishment:
Romans 6:23
For the wages of sin is death…
This is the Biblical description of humanity and the consequence of our supposed ‘goodness’. The Bible makes the case that none of us are good to begin with! But for those of us who might not want to accept the truth of the Bible, let’s simply look at it from a more philosophical perspective.
It’s All About “Perfection”, Not “Goodness”
If there is a God, then this God is responsible for creating everything in the Universe. This means that this God created matter from non-matter. This God created life from non-life. If this is true, then this God has incredible power; infinite power; unspeakable power. With power like that, a God like this surely has the power to eliminate imperfection. This is why, as Christians, we believe that God is perfect; He has the power to eliminate imperfection. So, you see, our God is NOT a good God after all. He is a PERFECT God. His standard is not ‘goodness’, it is ‘perfection’. The real question that each of us has to ask ourselves is NOT “Are we good?” The real question we should be asking is, “Are we perfect?” Can any of us answer in the affirmative here? Can you? Even if we reject the teaching of the Bible, but accept the possibility that there may be a God, we quickly need to realize that His standard will be perfection and we will ultimately fall short of His standard.
You and I are guilty. That is why we deserve punishment. Our very nature is a nature of self serving rebellion. As we stand in front of the judge, we have little defense that we can make. We do, or at least think about doing, wrong or bad things each and every day. We cannot argue to God that we should be given Heaven as a result of our own good behavior. To do so would be to underestimate the nature of our own fallen condition. But guess what… God offers each and every one of us a pardon. Read the second part of Romans 6:23:
Romans 6:23
Although we’ve earned death, God is offering us a ‘free gift’ of eternal life (in spite of our behavior). He’s offering us a pardon! God does not send people to Hell, good, bad or otherwise. We DESERVE Hell. We send ourselves to Hell when we reject God’s free pardon.
• Objection:
Why Would A Loving God Send Good People to Hell?
• Response:
A loving God recognizes that none of us are good (even though we sometimes think we are) and in spite of this, He offers us forgiveness and a life with Him in Heaven. All of us DESERVE Hell. But God does not send us to Hell even though this is true. Instead, He offers to pardon us and prevent us from getting what we deserve.
Objection Five
Why Would a Loving God Condemn People Who Simply Don’t Have the Chance to Hear About Jesus?
The last objection we will examine here is the concern that many non-believers (and some believers) have. There are still many people in our world who have not heard about this free pardon that is being offered by God. If faith in Christ Jesus as our Savior is all that is needed to prevent us from getting what we clearly deserve, what about those people who are not in a position to hear about Jesus? What about very young children who die before being able to hear about Jesus? Is it fair for these people to go to Hell?
The “Middle Knowledge” of God
First of all, if God is who we say He is, and if God has the power that we say He has, we don’t need to worry about how He will judge all of us. First, we know that God has ALL knowledge; He is all knowing. He doesn’t just know everything that each of us has done, he also knows everything that each of us WILL DO. He knows the past AND the future. Theologians will often refer to God’s “middle knowledge”; the fact that God has knowledge of what every possible free creature would do under any possible set of circumstances. We see examples of this in the Scripture. Look, for example at how God knows in advance the choices that the men of Keilah will make when they encountered David:
1 Samuel 23:9-13
God clearly knew what these men would choose to do. If God knows in advance what each of us will do under any possible set of circumstances, then He may choose NOT to send the Good News of Jesus Christ to certain people. If God knows in advance that someone in a remote jail cell in Afghanistan will simply NOT accept Jesus as Lord, then He may not bother to send someone there with the message of Christ in the first place. This situation may simply be the case for those who we see as presently ‘unreached’. Perhaps the ‘middle knowledge’ of God is at play here and He has not sent messengers to people He knows in advance will simply reject the message.
The Grace Offered to Children
It is God’s desire for all to be saved, but clearly some will not choose to be saved. Children however, may not even have the chance to choose! What will God do with young children who have not had the chance to be taught about the forgiveness that is offered through Jesus? Well, the Bible NEVER describes Hell as a place for children. You will not find a single description of Hell in which children are present. In fact, there is good Biblical reason to infer that God offers a special grace to young children. Remember from Samuel’s description of the life of David that David had a young baby with Uriah’s widow. This child died while still an infant, yet the Scripture affirms the notion that the baby’s soul was present with the Lord after his death, in spite of the fact that he was far too young to even hear about God at all:
2 Samuel 12:22-23
We have good reason to believe that David’s soul is present with the Lord today (more on this HERE), and David tells us that his son preceded him! God appears to offer special grace to children who are not yet able to hear about Him or understand the message of Salvation. This seems consistent with the idea that God shows special mercy to those who are not yet even capable of understanding right from wrong:
Isaiah 7:14-15
“Therefore the Lord Himself will give you a sign: Behold, a virgin will be with child and bear a son, and she will call His name Immanuel. “He will eat curds and honey at the time He knows enough to refuse evil and choose good.”
In this passage, Isaiah affirms the principle that there is a point at which young people “know enough to refuse evil and choose good”. Perhaps this is why God demonstrates his mercy with children. Young children simply cannot understand and do not have the capacity to choose good over evil. While all of us have a sin nature that rebels against God, His special revelation has been given to those of us who have the ability to understand it. This also seems consistent with other Biblical passages that depict God’s Law as targeted toward those who were capable of understanding:
Nehemiah 8:1-3
All of us are born as sinners. No one is righteous. We are all sinners from birth. But it does appear that God shows special mercy toward those who simply do not have the capacity to understand. This may include those who are mentally handicapped and it may also include those children who are too young to understand the truth of God’s offer of Salvation through Jesus Christ.
The Loving and Just Character of God
Finally, it’s important for us to end right where we began this discussion. God’s character and nature are the perfect blend and balance of mercy and justice. We trust that God will act with justice when judging those who have never heard about Jesus. We have great confidence in the character of God. We expect God to do what is both loving and just. We know that He alone understands the heart of men and women and that He rewards those who earnestly seek Him:
Hebrews 11:6-7
…He is a rewarder of those who seek Him.
Given the character of God, we trust that He will deal with each of us fairly.
• Objection:
Why Would A Loving God Condemn People Who Simply Don’t Have the Chance to Hear About Jesus?
• Response:
A loving God knows the heart of each of us. He knows who will accept Him and who will reject Him, even if this is not clear to us from our limited perspective. God is gracious and just. He will deal with everyone fairly as His character and nature demand.
We Often Deny Our True Condition
We sometimes find ourselves shaking our fist at God and questioning why He has either the right or the authority to judge us in the first place. But when we take this position, we are really denying our own fallen nature. As humans we have a tendency to do this, don’t we?
Romans 1:18-20
In our ‘unrighteousness’ we deny the existence of God, and we deny His right to judge our sinful condition. As we wrap up this list of responses to the common objections people level at the concept of Hell, let’s read carefully the words of Ghandi from his own autobiography. Even as an unbeliever, he understood the magnitude of his own sinful condition and the fact that it was his OWN sin that prevented him from having a relationship with God:
“It is an unbroken torture to me that I am still so far from him whom I know governs every breath of my life and whose offspring I am. I know it is because of the evil passions within me that keep me so far from him; yet I can’t get away from them.”
Remember that we worship a loving God who does not SEND us to Hell, but offers instead a path to forgiveness and Heaven through His Son, Jesus Christ.
Article | Apologetics, Philosophy, Theology
May 8, 2013
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The 50 Best Runway Hairstyles of Fall 2013
Dig into the 50 most beautiful (and fascinating!) hairstyles to grace the runways at New York Fashion Week fall 2013
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Al-Ghazāliī on the Secrets of Fasting Rami Koujah
To claim that the act of fasting is more than mere abstention from food, drink, and intimacy with one’s spouse is a cliché. Despite being aware of this, for many of us, the daylight hours of Ramadan remain drawn-out moments of thirst and hunger. Certainly many of us feel the spiritual ecstasy after satiating ourselves, whether it is by praying tarawīh (nightly Ramadan prayer) or enjoying qiyām (late-night prayer) at the masjid (mosque). The night has become the focal point for many, and, not to undermine its significance, most people do not appreciate the spirituality that can be enjoyed during the day. After all, it is doubtlessly easier to appreciate an act of worship when not burdened by the grueling fast. To remedy this issue who better to turn to than Abū Hāmid al-Ghazālī.1
In his magnum opus, Ihyā’ ʿUlūm al-Dīn, al-Ghazālī discusses the “secrets” of fasting and the method by which one can attain them and fulfill the objectives of fasting. For the sake of space, we will limit ourselves to a few points he mentions. He begins by stating that the way by which the devil influences the hearts of people is through their desires (shahawāt). Our desires, namely, are food, drink, and intimacy. It is by overcoming one’s desires that one finds refuge from the devil and tranquility. Al-Ghazālī deems this point central to realizing the objectives of fasting.
Al-Ghazālī quotes the well known hadīth (tradition) in which the Prophet ﷺ says that God, subhanahu wa ta`ala (exhalted is He), said:
“All of the actions of the son of Adam are for him, except for fasting. [Fasting] is for me and and I reward for it [what I please]…”2
Why does God (swt) say that fasting, to the exclusion of other acts of worship, is for Him? Is not our prayer and charity for His sake as well? Al-Ghazālī writes that God (swt) has given the action of fasting an extra degree of honor, by attributing it to Himself, in two ways
Firstly, fasting is a hidden act of worship; no one is actually able to see you fast. This fact guards one’s intention from being corrupted, unlike prayer, charity and, Hajj (pilgrimage).
Secondly, fasting is an act by which one subdues the devil. Recall, the devil’s capacity is only exercised via one’s desires. By abstaining from food, drink, and intimacy, a Muslim is able to control his desires and hinder the effects of the devil. By defeating the devil, one aids in bringing victory to God (swt), i.e., God’s religion:
“O you who have believed, if you support Allah , He will support you and plant firmly your feet” (Qu’ran 47:7).
In the commentary of al-Jalālayn, we find that bringing victory to God (swt) means bringing victory to His religion and Messenger ﷺ.
After elaborating on the merits of fasting, followed by rules of fasting, al-Ghazālī discusses the methodology by which we can realize the fruits of fasting.
Fasting is practiced at one of three levels:
(1) the level of the lay people,
(2) the level of the elect, and
(3) the level of the elect of the elect.
The fasting of the laity, the lowest level of fasting, involves merely following the outward rulings of fasting. Fasting at the next level up involves fasting with one’s limbs (the present article will elaborate on this level as it is the most relevant). The third level of fasting involves being physically, spiritually, and intellectually occupied with one’s lord without breaking consciousness from this state for even a moment. This includes fasting with one’s heart and mind.
The second level of fasting involves six things:
1. Fasting with one’s sight.
One should abstain from looking at things that are disliked (makrūh) or illicit (harām). This includes things that distract one’s heart from the remembrance of God (swt).
2. Fasting with one’s tongue.
While fasting, one should not lie, backbite, slander, use obscene language, quarrel with others, speak insincerely, or engage in idle chatter. Rather, one should try to spend more time being silent, remembering their Lord, and reciting His book.
3. Fasting with one’s ears.
One should refrain from listening to things that are disliked (makrūh) or forbidden (harām). Al-Ghazālī mentions that anything which is forbidden to say is forbidden to listen to. In the Qur’ān, God juxtaposes those who engage in listening to lies with those who consume what is unlawful [5:42].
4. Keeping the remainder of one’s body parts (e.g. hands, feet) from engaging in blameworthy acts.
Hopefully this is not an issue for any of us, but speaking to such a wide audience, al-Ghazālī warns people of consuming from that which is unlawful. After all, doing so defeats the whole purpose of fasting.
5. Do not overeat.
Everyone knows they shouldn’t, but we all do. Al-Ghazālī advises against overeating when it comes to breaking one’s fast. After all, the point of fasting is to control one’s desires. What has one gained if they end up binging in one (or several) meals and make up for what they’ve managed to hold off on. Moreover, as al-Ghazālī mentions, many of us deck out our dining tables with such an assortment like we are trying to eat the food pyramids of Giza. And you know someone is going to get the wrath if the samosas run out. So much for keeping the devil at bay.
6. After breaking one’s fast, one should balance a feeling of hope and fear.
One should be hopeful that one’s fast has been accepted by God yet also be fearful that the fast may have been lacking. In short, one should not become overly confident because the quality of one’s fast will slowly dwindle.
Yes, fulfilling the outward aspects of fasting will make one’s act valid. But we should be concerned with more than just that, as al-Ghazālī mentions. At a higher level, in consideration of the Hereafter, we should be concerned with the act being accepted and the objectives being fulfilled, in addition to it being valid. In al-Ghazālī’s understanding, the objective of the fast is embodying one of the attributes of God, al-Samadiyya, namely, being resistant, enduring, and mastering our desires. In this way we follow the example of the angels who are above having desires.
The beauty of Ramadan is not only to be found after the sun has set. The struggles of fasting have their own share of beauty and spirituality. As al-Shaykh Shabīr Ahmad al-ʿUthmānī writes in his renowned commentary of Sahīh Muslim, we bear the toils of fasting for the sole purpose of gaining God’s pleasure.3
Finally, al-Ghazālī leaves us by posing a question we should all ask ourselves. Fasting, and every act of worship included, has both an outward and inward realization. Will we be satisfied with fulfilling the outward, or will be strive towards realizing the inward beauty?
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1. The following is taken from Ihyā’ ʿUlūm al-Dīn, pp. 419-430. []
2. Sahih Muslim #2679 []
3. Shabīr Ahmad al-ʿUthmānī, Fath al-Mulhim, vol. 3 pp. 286 []
1. Yasmin says:
Jazakallah khair for this very beautifully written and very informative post!
2. Umm Ibrahim says:
beautifully said..a much needed reminder
3. Abdullah ibn `Amr reported that the Messenger of Allah (saw), said: “The fast and the Qur’an are two intercessors for the servant of Allah on the Day of Resurrection. The fast will say: ‘O Lord, I prevented him from his food and desires during the day. Let me intercede for him.’ The Qur’an will say: ‘I prevented him from sleeping at night. Let me intercede for him.’ And their intercession will be accepted.” [Imam Ahmad]
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Victory Poses cheat for Tekken 6
Victory Poses
Just before the victory sequence appears when the match ends select a victory pose by holding Left Punch, Right Punch, Left Kick or Right Kick. The number of alternate victory poses differs from character to character.
Added by: Sanzano Jan 17th 2011, ID#6860 and get
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Everything Everyone Else Had Said. Unless You're A Idiot and Can't Read.. GTFO Of Here!
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Google Announces Chrome OS: Is It Worth the Buzz?
It finally happened. Late Tuesday, Google announced it will launch the Chrome operating system (an open source, Web-based, and lightweight OS initially targeted at netbooks) in the second half of 2010. As expected, the Web went wild with hyperbole. Some called the announcement 'the mother of all bombs on its chief rival' and others said it is 'as much a threat to Microsoft as a mosquito is to a bear.' While it's probably too early to say how Chrome will pan out, plenty of pundits are giving it their best shot. Here are some of the more thought-provoking takes:
There are still plenty of questions to be answered about Google's new baby. Will the OS be able to compete with Windows? (Eventually, maybe, we say.) Will consumers opt for an OS that starts off with less bells and whistles? (If it's free, possibly, we believe.) And just how useful is an operating system that relies on the Internet when there are plenty of places in the world that still don't have access, not to mention the difficulty of actually finding a Wi-Fi hotspot when you really need one (and no, we don't think that mobile broadband is any better where you're driving across the middle of, say, Pennsylvania)?
If Google delivers on its promise of 'speed, simplicity and safety,' it could make a dent in a market long ruled by Microsoft. However, those lofty and vague promises might not hold water. Google announcing plans a year before launch demonstrates commitment for the promising concept, but only time will tell if Chrome OS is a giant-killer or simply a sidenote.
Tags: cloud, google, microsoft, netbook, newproducts, operating system, OperatingSystem, OS, top, web
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Definitions for
Overview of noun aberrant
The noun aberrant has 1 senses? (no senses from tagged texts)
1. aberrant
(one whose behavior departs substantially from the norm of a group)
Overview of adj aberrant
The adj aberrant has 1 senses? (first 1 from tagged texts)
1. (1) aberrant, deviant, deviate
(markedly different from an accepted norm; "aberrant behavior"; "deviant ideas") © 2001-2013, Demand Media, all rights reserved. The database is based on Word Net a lexical database for the English language. see disclaimer
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In three new studies that could redefine how cancer is viewed, researched, and treated, scientists have created a detailed map of the genetic mutations that underlie two of the deadliest forms of the disease: pancreatic cancer and glioblastoma, the type of brain tumor that Senator Edward Kennedy was diagnosed with this past spring. The new findings are the first steps in the huge task of mapping the genomes of cancer, as researchers work to learn about cancers from the ground up.
Scientists have known for decades that cancer develops in response to genetic changes that cause cells to grow and divide uncontrollably. But uncovering each of these changes, and understanding how they lead to disease, is a Herculean task–one that involves sequencing and analyzing upward of 100 different kind of tumors, with hundreds of different patient samples of each. And while some believe that systematically cataloging the mutations could provide unprecedented insight into fighting or even preventing cancers, others believe that the high cost of such research might not be worth the rewards. These papers provide the first glimpse at what the rewards could be.
One paper, published online in Nature, is the first study born from data gathered by the publicly funded Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), an initiative created to use large-scale genome sequencing to find and map different cancers’ genetic aberrations. Lynda Chin and Matthew Meyerson, both at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, in Boston, analyzed more than 200 glioblastoma tumors for genetic changes (such as the number of copies of each protein-coding gene present in the sample, and whether these genes have been turned off through a process called methylation), and they also analyzed 600 genes already implicated in the disease. Their results confirmed known culprits and revealed previously unknown changes in three major genes: two known tumor suppressors (NF1 and ERBB2), and one that is newly associated with cancer (PIK3R1) and could potentially be targeted by drugs already in development.
The other two studies–the fruits of a private cancer genome project headed by a trio of researchers at Johns Hopkins University, in Baltimore–analyzed far fewer tumors at a far greater level of detail. Published online in Science, these papers examine 22 pancreatic tumors and 24 glioblastomas for gene copy number and gene expression, as well as the sequences of just about every single one of their more than 20,000 protein-encoding genes. The researchers found an average of around 60 genetic changes per tumor, but they also discovered that most of those mutations acted on a core set of just 12 cellular pathways.
These pathways may be central to future drug development. “It may be more productive to screen for drugs that act against the core pathways,” says Bert Vogelstein, one of the project heads at Johns Hopkins. “By targeting the pathways, it’s possible that new drugs could be effective against a much greater fraction of tumors.”
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Credit: Parsons et al
Tagged: Biomedicine, cancer, tumors, genetic mutations, gene mapping, brain cancer
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