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1980幎ãARPANETåã®è² è·é©å¿åã®ãªã³ã¯ã¹ããŒãåã«ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ã§ããBBN ARPANETã«ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ãBBN瀟ããææ¡ãããå®éšãéå§ãããããã®ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ã¯å®éšéå§çŽåŸã«æ¿ããã«ãŒããã©ããã³ã°ãèµ·ãããè² è·é©å¿åã«ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ã®å®éçšãå°é£ã§ããããšãäžçã§åããŠç¥ãããããã«ãªã£ãã
1981å¹Žãæ¥æ¬ã§åããŠã®ARPANETãšã®æ¥ç¶ã¯æ±å倧åŠãALOHAnetã«åå ãããããçµç±ããŠæ¥ç¶ãããã®ãæåã§ãã£ããããã¯ç±³åœæ¬åãŸã§ã®è·é¢ã«æ¯èŒããŠãå°ççã«ãè¿ããã¯ã€ãŸã§ã®å°çšç·ã®æéããããå®äŸ¡ã«æžãã ããšãçç±ã§ããã
1983幎ãARPANETã®ã¢ã¡ãªã«è»é¢ä¿éšåãåé¢ããŠãæ©å¯ã«ã¯åé¡ãããªãè»äºé¢ä¿ã®éä¿¡ãæ
ãMILNETãšããããã®åŸãããå
å«ãã圢㧠Defense Data Network (DDN) ãšããŠçºå±ãè»é¢é£ãåé¢ããããšã§113ããŒããã£ãARPANETã¯68ããŒãã«çž®å°ããŠãããMILNETã¯åŸã«NIPRNetãšãªã£ãã
æ¿åºãšã®ã€ãªããã®ãããããçš®ã®ãã©ãã£ãã¯ã¯æå¶ãŸãã¯çŠæ¢ãããŠãããMIT人工ç¥èœç ç©¶æã§çºè¡ããã1982幎ã®ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã«ã€ããŠã®ãã³ãããã¯ã§ã¯ããããã¯ãŒã¯ã§ã®ãšãã±ããã«ã€ããŠæ¬¡ã®ããã«èšããŠããã
1970幎ã«ã¯IMPéã®åç·ãšã㊠230.4 kbit/s ãŸã§ããµããŒãããããã³ã¹ããšIMPã®åŠçèœåãèããã°ããããŸã§ã®é信容éã䜿ãåãããšã¯ãªãã£ãã
1971幎ã«ã¯ãå
ç¢åãããªã(ãã®ããéåžžã«è»œéãª)Honeywell 316 ã䜿ã£ãIMPãç»å Žãããããã¯ç«¯æ«ãµãŒã Terminal Interface Processor (TIP) ãšããŠãæ§æã§ãããã¹ããšæå€§63å°ã®ASCIIã·ãªã¢ã«ç«¯æ«ãæ¥ç¶ã§ããã316ã¯516ããéç©åãé²ãã§ãããå®äŸ¡ã§ä¿å®ã容æã ã£ããTIPãšããŠã®316ã¯40kBã®ç£æ°ã³ã¢ã¡ã¢ãªãæèŒããŠãããã¡ã¢ãªå®¹éã¯1973å¹Žã«æ¡å€§ãããIMPçšã«ã¯32kBãTIPçšã«ã¯56kBãæèŒããã1981幎ãBBNã¯èªç€Ÿè£œã®C/30ãšããã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿äžã§åäœããIMPãœãããŠã§ã¢ãå°å
¥ããã
1983幎ãè³éæäŸãè¡ã£ãŠããåœé²çåŽã®æ¹éã§ãNCPãTCP/IPã«åãæããããšã«ãªããARPANETã¯åæã®ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã®ãµãããããšãªã£ããããã仿¥ã®ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã«ãããTCP/IPã®äœ¿çšã«ãšã£ãŠæ±ºå®çãªæ¡ä»¶ã®ã²ãšã€ãäœã£ããšèããããŠããã
NSFNetã®æ¡å€§ã«ãšããªã£ãŠARPANETã¯çž®å°ããŠãããIMPãTIPãæ¶ããŠãã£ãããäžéšã®IMPã¯1989幎ãŸã§ãµãŒãã¹ãç¶ç¶ããã
BBNãšARPAãå
±åã§åºçãã ARPANET Completion Report ã§ã¯ã次ã®ããã«çµè«ä»ããŠããã
æåŸã«ãµããããèšèãšããŠæ¬¡ã®ããã«è¿°ã¹ãããARPANETèšç»ã¯ãã®ãããã¯ãŒã¯èªäœããæ¹§ãåºãããã«èšç®æ©ç§åŠã®çºå±ãšåŒ·åã«è³ãã匷ãçŽæ¥çãªãã£ãŒãããã¯ããããããã
1990幎2æ28æ¥ã«ARPANETãæ£åŒã«é圹ããåŸããŽã£ã³ãã³ã»ãµãŒãã¯ãARPANETã®æœæã(Requiem of the ARPANET) ãšé¡ããŠã次ã®ããã«åæŒã®æã衚ããã
It was the first, and being first, was best, but now we lay it down to ever rest. Now pause with me a moment, shed some tears. For auld lang syne, for love, for years and years of faithful service, duty done, I weep. Lay down thy packet, now, O friend, and sleep.
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1988幎ãUCLAã®èšç®æ©ç§åŠææã¬ããŒãã»ã¯ã©ã€ã³ããã¯ãè°é·ãšããå§å¡äŒã®åœäŒãžã®å ±åãåããäžé¢è°å¡ã¢ã«ã»ãŽã¢ã¯ High Performance Computing and Communication Act of 1991 ãšããæ³æ¡ãäœæããã®æ³æ¡ã1991幎12æ9æ¥ã«å¯æ±ºãããNational Information Infrastructure (NII) ãçãŸãããããã¢ã«ã»ãŽã¢ããæ
å ±ã¹ãŒããŒãã€ãŠã§ã€ããšåŒãã ã2009幎ãIEEEãã€ã«ã¹ããŒã³ã«ARPANETé¢é£ã§2ä»¶ãéžã°ããã
1969幎ã«å§ãŸã£ãARPANETã§ã®ãã¹ãééä¿¡ãããã³ã«ã¯ã1822 protocol ã§ãããIMPãžã®ã¡ãã»ãŒãžè»¢éãå®çŸ©ãããã®ã§ããããã®ã¡ãã»ãŒãžåœ¢åŒã¯æ§ã
ãªã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ã¢ãŒããã¯ãã£ã«ãããŠãææ§ããçããªãããèšèšãããã1822ã¡ãã»ãŒãžã¯ãã¡ãã»ãŒãžçš®å¥ãæ°å€ã«ãããã¹ãã¢ãã¬ã¹ãããŒã¿ãã£ãŒã«ãã§æ§æããããããŒã¿ã¡ãã»ãŒãžãä»ã®ãã¹ãã«éä¿¡ããã«ã¯ãéä¿¡åŽã§ããŒã¿ã®äžèº«ãšå®å
ãã¹ãã®ã¢ãã¬ã¹ããã¡ãã»ãŒãžããã©ãŒããããã1822ããŒããŠã§ã¢ã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ãéããŠãããéä¿¡ãããIMPã¯ã¡ãã»ãŒãžã«ããå®å
ã¢ãã¬ã¹ã«åŸã£ãŠãIMPéã§ã¡ãã»ãŒãžã転éããããå®å
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ãã¹ãã«ã¡ãã»ãŒãžãé
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ã®IMPã«åããŠè¯å®å¿çãšããŠéä¿¡ããã
çŸä»£ã®ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã®ããŒã¿ã°ã©ã ãšã¯ç°ãªããARPANETã¯ä¿¡é Œæ§ãæã£ãŠ1822ã¡ãã»ãŒãžã転éããããèšèšãããŠãããã¡ãã»ãŒãžãåªå€±ããå Žåã¯ãã¹ãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ã«ãããéç¥ããããã«ãªã£ãŠãããäžæ¹IPã¯ä¿¡é Œã§ããªããããã³ã«ã§ããããã®äžã®TCPãä¿¡é Œæ§ãæ
ã£ãŠãããããã«ããããããã1822ãããã³ã«ã¯1ã€ã®ãã¹ãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿å
ã«è€æ°ã®ç°ãªãã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ããã£ãŠãè€æ°ã®ã³ãã¯ã·ã§ã³ãæ±ãããšãããšãã«ããŸãåŠçã§ããªãããšã倿ãããããã«å¯ŸåŠããã®ã Network Control Program (NCP) ã§ãåçš®ãã¹ãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ã®åçš®ããã»ã¹éã§ãä¿¡é Œã§ããããŒå¶åŸ¡ãããåæ¹åéä¿¡ãªã³ã¯ã確ç«ããæšæºææ®µãæäŸãããNCPã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ã¯ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãœãããŠã§ã¢ãARPANETçµç±ã§æ¥ç¶ããããšãå¯èœã«ããŠãããäžäœå±€ã®éä¿¡ãããã³ã«ãå®è£
ãããã®ãšããããOSIåç
§ã¢ãã«ã®ãããªãããã³ã«ã®éå±€åã®åæã®äŸã§ããã
1983幎ãTCP/IPãNCPããã³1822ãããã³ã«ã«åã£ãŠä»£ãã£ãã
NCPãæšæºã®ãããã¯ãŒã¯ãµãŒãã¹ãæäŸããããšã§ãåäžã®ãã¹ãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿äžã§è€æ°ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãåäœå¯èœã«ãªã£ããããã«ããããã®äžã§ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³å±€ã®ãããã³ã«ãäžå±€ãšã¯ããçšåºŠç¬ç«ã«åäœã§ããããã«ãªããåçš®å¿çšãçãŸããããšã«ã€ãªãã£ãã1983幎ã«ARPANETãã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã«ç§»è¡ããéãäž»ãªã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãããã³ã«ãTCP/IPäžã«ç§»æ€ãããã
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https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARPANET
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6,790 |
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https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%91%89%E9%81%8A%E3%81%B3
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1988幎1æã«åµåããããã©ãŽã³ãã¬ãžã³ãæ¯èŠèªãšããã¬ãŒãã«ã§ããããæ¬ã¬ãŒãã«ã®åµåã¯å幎ã®11æã«è¡ããããã¬ãŒãã«åµåæã®ã©ã€ã³ãããã¯ãçŒç±ã®ç«éšå
µ(ã¬ãããããã»ãã©ã°ãŒã³)ã(ç°äžè³æš¹)ãã颚ã®å€§éžã(竹河è)ããã倩䜿ãã¡ã(å¯ç°ç¥åŒ)ããçè£ã嬢 ã·ã³ãã£ãŒã»ã¹ãŒã(å¯ºç°æ²å²)ããäžæ»æäŒå¥ZEQUã(æŠäžçŽåž)ãããžã§ã©ã«ãã£ã³ã»ãµãŒã¬ã(æŸæèµäºº)ã®6ã·ãªãŒãº6åã«ããåæåè¡ããæãããã®6äœããã£ãŠæ¬ã¬ãŒãã«ã®åµåäœåãšã¿ãªãããªãæ
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6,819 |
ãã¬ã€ã·ã§ã»ããŒã³ããã¯ãŒ
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ãã¬ã€ã·ã§ã»ããŒã³ããã¯ãŒ(Horatio Hornblowerã1776幎7æ4æ¥ - ?)ã¯ãã»ã·ã«ã»ã¹ã³ããã»ãã©ã¬ã¹ã¿ãŒã®æµ·æŽå°èª¬ãããŒã³ããã¯ãŒã·ãªãŒãºãã®äž»äººå
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1937幎ã«åè¡ããããã·ãªãŒãºç¬¬1äœããããã®æ»éãã«ãŠåç»å Žãã·ãªãŒãºã¯ãã©ã¬ã¹ã¿ãŒãæ»å»ãã1966幎ãŸã§ã30幎è¿ãã«æž¡ãç¶ããã
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1951å¹Žã®æ ç»ãèŠé·ãã¬ãŒã·ã§ã(Captain Horatio Hornblower R.N.)ã§ã¯ã°ã¬ãŽãªãŒã»ããã¯ãã1998幎~2003幎ã®é·ç·šãã¬ããã©ãã·ãªãŒãºãããŒã³ããã¯ãŒ æµ·ã®åè
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CdmaOne
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cdmaOne(ã·ãŒãã£ãŒãšã ãšãŒã¯ã³)ã¯ãç±³åœã¯ã¢ã«ã³ã 瀟ãéçºã1995幎ã«çºè¡šããéä¿¡æè¡ã§ãããå€éåã«CDMAæ¹åŒãçšããŠãããTIAã®èŠæ Œåç§°ã¯IS-95ã
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6,822 |
ããŒã³ããã¯ãŒã·ãªãŒãº
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