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the other thing i would add is that this is not a new view i'm a little bit of an amateur historian so i've spent some time going back trying to see the first mention of this kind of thing and the best earliest quote that i could find was one from david livingstone writing in the about how the railroad the steam ship and the telegraph were integrating east africa perfectly with the rest of the world now clearly david livingstone was a little bit ahead of his time but it does seem useful to ask ourselves just how global are we before we think about where we go from here so the best way i've found of trying to get people to take seriously the idea that the world may not be flat may not even be close to flat is with some data so one of the things i've been doing over the last few years is really compiling data on things that could either happen within national borders or across national borders and i've looked at the cross border component as a percentage of the total i'm not going to present all the data that i have here today but let me just give you a few data points i'm going to talk a little bit about one kind of information flow one kind of flow of people one kind of flow of capital and of course trade in products and services so let's start off with plain old telephone service
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or let's turn to people moving across borders one particular thing we might look at in terms of long term flows of people is what percentage of the world's population is accounted for by first generation immigrants again please pick a percentage turns out to be a little bit higher it's actually about three percent or think of investment take all the real investment that went on in the world in what percentage of that was accounted for by foreign direct investment not quite ten percent and then finally the one statistic that i suspect many of the people in this room have seen the export ratio
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because in some sense it's the ideal kind of technology to think about theoretically it makes it as easy to form friendships halfway around the world as opposed to right next door what percentage of people's friends on are actually located in countries other than where people we're analyzing are based the answer is probably somewhere between to percent non negligible so we don't live in an entirely local or national world but very very far from the percent level that you would expect and the very simple
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what you see here are small changes in the color of steve's skin magnified times so that they become visible we can actually see a human pulse we can see how fast steve's heart is beating but we can also see the actual way that the blood flows in his face and we can do that not just to visualize the pulse but also to actually recover our heart rates and measure our heart rates and we can do it with regular cameras and without touching the patients so here you see the pulse and heart rate we extracted from a neonatal baby from a video we took with a regular camera and the heart rate measurement we get is as accurate as the one you'd get with a standard monitor in a hospital and it doesn't even have to be a video we recorded we can do it essentially with other videos as well so i just took a short clip from batman begins here just to show christian pulse
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so again in the source video in the original video there's not too much we can see but once we magnify the motions the breathing becomes much more visible and it turns out there's a lot of phenomena we can reveal and magnify with our new motion microscope we can see how our veins and arteries are pulsing in our bodies we can see that our eyes are constantly moving in this wobbly motion and that's actually my eye and again this video was taken right after my daughter was born so you can see i wasn't getting too much sleep
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ever since we discovered this new technology we made our code available online so that others could use and experiment with it it's very simple to use it can work on your own videos our collaborators at research even created this nice website where you can your videos and process them online so even if you don't have any experience in computer science or programming you can still very easily experiment with this new microscope and i'd like to show you just a couple of examples of what others have done with it so this video was made by a user called i don't know who that user is but he or she used our code to magnify small belly movements during pregnancy it's kind of creepy
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but we didn't stop there this tool not only allows us to look at the world in a new way it also redefines what we can do and pushes the limits of what we can do with our cameras so as scientists we started wondering what other types of physical phenomena produce tiny motions that we could now use our cameras to measure and one such phenomenon that we focused on recently is sound sound as we all know is basically changes in air pressure that travel through the air those pressure waves hit objects and they create small vibrations in them which is how we hear and how we record sound but it turns out that sound also produces visual motions those are motions that are not visible to us but are visible to a camera with the right processing so here are two examples this is me demonstrating my great singing skills
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testing testing one two three mary had a little lamb whose fleece was white as snow and everywhere that mary went the lamb was sure to go testing testing one two three mary had a little lamb whose fleece was white as snow and everywhere that mary went the lamb was sure to go and now years later we're able to get sound in pretty much similar quality but by just watching objects vibrate to sound with cameras and we can even do that when the camera is feet away from the object behind glass so this is the sound that we were able to recover in that case mary had a little lamb whose fleece was white as snow and everywhere that mary went the lamb was sure to go and of course surveillance is the first application that comes to mind
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so over the past few centuries microscopes have revolutionized our world they revealed to us a tiny world of objects life and structures that are too small for us to see with our naked eyes they are a tremendous contribution to science and technology today i'd like to introduce you to a new type of microscope a microscope for changes it doesn't use optics like a regular microscope to make small objects bigger but instead it uses a video camera and image processing to reveal to us the tiniest motions and color changes in objects and people changes that are impossible for us to see with our naked eyes and it lets us look at our world in a completely new way
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so how do we do all that we basically analyze the changes in the light that are recorded at every pixel in the video over time and then we crank up those changes we make them bigger so that we can see them the tricky part is that those signals those changes that we're after are extremely subtle so we have to be very careful when you try to separate them from noise that always exists in videos so we use some clever image processing techniques to get a very accurate measurement of the color at each pixel in the video and then the way the color changes over time and then we amplify those changes we make them bigger to create those types of enhanced videos or magnified videos that actually show us those changes
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maybe we could use those motions to tell us something about our thoughts or our emotions we can also magnify small mechanical movements like vibrations in engines that can help engineers detect and diagnose machinery problems or see how our buildings and structures sway in the wind and react to forces those are all things that our society knows how to measure in various ways but measuring those motions is one thing and actually seeing those motions as they happen is a whole different thing and ever since we discovered this new technology we made our code available online so that others could use and experiment with it it's very simple to use it can work on your own videos
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and you know it's not real science unless you use guinea pigs and apparently this guinea pig is called tiffany and this user claims it is the first rodent on earth that was motion magnified you can also do some art with it so this video was sent to me by a design student at yale she wanted to see if there's any difference in the way her classmates move she made them all stand still and then magnified their motions it's like seeing still pictures come to life
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she wanted to see if there's any difference in the way her classmates move she made them all stand still and then magnified their motions it's like seeing still pictures come to life and the nice thing with all those examples is that we had nothing to do with them we just provided this new tool a new way to look at the world and then people find other interesting new and creative ways of using it but we didn't stop there this tool not only allows us to look at the world in a new way it also redefines what we can do and pushes the limits of what we can do with our cameras so as scientists we started wondering what other types of physical phenomena produce tiny motions that we could now use our cameras to measure and one such phenomenon that we focused on recently is sound sound as we all know is basically changes in air pressure that travel through the air
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to einstein so ah ah i don't have time so if you do know what you want to say don't you you are aware of what you want to say you just have to do one thing believe that it is possible to write in a simple way and how do you do that it's very easy you write to your grandmother hum you write to your grandmother i'm going to show grandma to you
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don't know how to read nor write at all yet over there are those who know or say they know how to read and write so what do we have we have that group of red people in level which is the lowest in literacy rate they are persons who are able to join letters but they can't actually understand for example if a person from that red group has to pick up the package leaflet of a medicinal product to give a dose of medicine to child can't can't understand the information
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they are persons who are able to join letters but they can't actually understand for example if a person from that red group has to pick up the package leaflet of a medicinal product to give a dose of medicine to child can't can't understand the information of the portuguese then we have more those yellow ones over there people who get by on the daily basis that is if they don't have to read anything too new or too different they will manage but for example if they work in a factory and a new machine arrives and they have to read the machine's manual to be able to work with it they can't do it anymore and there they go of the portuguese people then we have a few more that can handle documents as long as they are not too complex and we have of the population that can handle really complex documents now just so you don't think this is normal that over there is sweden
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we tie it together increasingly by doing things like this now you're looking at this thinking ah admiral these must be sea lanes of communication or these might be fiber optic cables no this is a graphic of the world according to purple are green are white is the synthesis it's a perfect evocation of that great population survey the six largest nations in the world in descending order china india the united states and indonesia
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a talk like this in london a while back about this point i said as i say to all of you i'm on friend me got a little laugh from the audience there was an article which was run by on the wire got picked up in two places in the world finland and indonesia the headline was nato admiral needs friends
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i'm gonna talk a little bit about open source security because we've got to get better at security in this century let me start by saying let's look back to the century and kind of get a sense of how that style of security worked for us this is verdun a battlefield in france just north of the nato headquarters in belgium at verdun in over a period people were killed so about a day if you roll it forward century security into the second world war you see the battle of stalingrad days million people killed we go into the cold war and we continue to try and build walls
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what's wrong with this picture it's got concertina wire along the sides of it that's to prevent pirates from attacking it piracy is a very active threat today around the world this is in the indian ocean piracy is also very active in the strait of malacca it's active in the gulf of guinea we see it in the caribbean it's a discontinuity in the global transport system last year at this time there were vessels mariners held hostage
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it's a discontinuity in the global transport system last year at this time there were vessels mariners held hostage this is an attack on the global commons we need to think about how to address it let's shift to a different kind of sea the cyber sea here are photographs of two young men at the moment they're incarcerated they conducted a credit card fraud that netted them over billion dollars this is part of which is a discontinuity in the global economy
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it's a great honor to be here with you the good news is i'm very aware of my responsibilities to get you out of here because i'm the only thing standing between you and the bar
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the whole story really starts with me as a high school kid in pittsburgh pennsylvania in a tough neighborhood that everybody gave up on for dead and on a wednesday afternoon i was walking down the corridor of my high school kind of minding my own business and there was this artist teaching who made a great big old ceramic vessel and i happened to be looking in the door of the art room and if you've ever seen clay done it's magic and i'd never seen anything like that before in my life so i walked in the art room and i said what is that and he said ceramics and who are you and i said i'm bill strickland i want you to teach me that and he said well get your teacher to sign a piece of paper that says you can come here and i'll teach it to you and so for the remaining two years of my high school i cut all my classes
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what i'm going to show you for a couple of minutes is a facility that i built in the toughest neighborhood in pittsburgh with the highest crime rate one is called bidwell training center it is a vocational school for ex steel workers and single parents and welfare mothers you remember we used to make steel in pittsburgh well we don't make any steel anymore and the people who used to make the steel are having a very tough time of it and i rebuild them and give them new life manchester guild is named after my neighborhood i was adopted by the bishop of the episcopal diocese during the riots and he donated a row house and in that row house i started manchester guild and i learned very quickly that wherever there are episcopalians there's money in very close proximity
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and last year i spoke at his memorial service and wished him well in this life i went out and hired a student of frank lloyd wright the architect and i asked him to build me a world class center in the worst neighborhood in pittsburgh and my building was a scale model for the pittsburgh airport and when you come to pittsburgh and you're all invited you'll be flying into the blown up version of my building that's the building built in a tough neighborhood where people have been given up for dead my view is that if you want to involve yourself in the life of people who have been given up on you have to look like the solution and not the problem as you can see it has a fountain in the courtyard and the reason it has a fountain in the courtyard is i wanted one and i had the checkbook so i bought one and put it there
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at a reception in their courtyard i noticed that they had a fountain because they think that the people who go to the museum deserve a fountain well i think that welfare mothers and at risk kids and ex steel workers deserve a fountain in their life and so the first thing that you see in my center in the springtime is water that greets you water is life and water of human possibility and it sets an attitude and expectation about how you feel about people before you ever give them a speech so from that fountain i built this building as you can see it has world class art and it's all my taste because i raised all the money
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what you need to know is that the children and the adults deserve flowers in their life the cost is incidental but the gesture is huge and so in my building which is full of sunlight and full of flowers we believe in hope and human possibilities that happens to be at christmas time and so the next thing you'll see is a million dollar kitchen that was built by the heinz company you've heard of them they did all right in the ketchup business and i happen to know that company pretty well because john heinz who was our u s senator who was tragically killed in a plane accident he had heard about my desire to build a new building because i had a cardboard box and i put it in a garbage bag and i walking all over pittsburgh trying to raise money for this site and he called me into his office which is the equivalent of going to see the wizard of oz and john heinz had million dollars and at the time i had about cents
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we've heard about your work with the kids and the ex steel workers and we're inclined to want to support your desire to build a new building and you could do us a great service if you would add a culinary program to your program because back then we were building a trades program he said that way we could fulfill our affirmative action goals for the heinz company i said senator i'm reluctant to go into a field that i don't know much about but i promise you that if you'll support my school i'll get it built and in a couple of years i'll come back and weigh out that program that you desire and senator heinz sat very quietly and he said well what would your reaction be if i said i'd give you a million dollars i said senator it appears that we're going into the food training business
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the race problem by creating a world class environment because people will have a tendency to show you world class behavior if you treat them in that way these are examples of the food that welfare mothers are doing after six months in the training program no sophistication no class no dignity no history what we've discovered is the only thing wrong with poor people is they don't have any money which happens to be a curable condition it's all in the way that you think about people that often determines their behavior that was done by a student after seven months in the program done by a very brilliant young woman who was taught by our pastry chef i've actually eaten seven of those baskets and they're very good
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and these are examples of some of the kids' work that boy won a four year scholarship on the strength of that photograph this is our gallery we have a world class gallery because we believe that poor kids need a world class gallery so i designed this thing we have smoked salmon at the art openings we have a formal printed invitation and i even have figured out a way to get their parents to come i couldn't buy a parent years ago so i hired a guy who got off on the jesus big time he was dragging guys out of bars and saving those lives for the lord and i said bill i want to hire you man you have to tone down the jesus stuff a little bit but keep the enthusiasm
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he was there and he was there tito puente and pat metheny and jim hall were there and they recorded with us and that was our first recording studio which was the broom closet we put the mops in the hallway and re engineered the thing and that's where we recorded the first grammy and this is our new facility which is all video technology and that is a room that was built for a woman named nancy wilson who recorded that album at our school last christmas and any of you who happened to have been watching oprah winfrey on christmas day he was there and nancy was there singing excerpts from this album the rights to which she donated to our school and i can now tell you with absolute certainty that an appearance on oprah winfrey will sell cds
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this was burned out during the riots this is next to my building and so i had another cardboard box built and i walked back out in the streets again and that's the building and that's the model and on the right's a high tech greenhouse and in the the medical technology building and i'm very pleased to tell you that the building's done it's also full of anchor tenants at dollars a foot triple that in the middle of the inner city and there's the fountain
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and the university of pittsburgh medical center are anchor tenants and they took half the building and we now train medical technicians through all their system and mellon bank's a tenant and i love them because they pay the rent on time
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multiply that picture times four and you will see the greenhouse that's going to open in october this year because we're going to grow those flowers in the middle of the inner city and we're going to have high school kids growing orchids in the middle of the inner city and we have a handshake with one of the large retail grocers to sell our orchids in all stores in six states and our partners are canyon orchids of malibu california who are hispanic so the hispanics and the black folks have formed a partnership to grow high technology orchids in the middle of the inner city and i told my united states senator that there was a very high probability that if he could find some funding for this we would become a left hand column in the wall street journal to which he readily agreed and we got the funding and we open in the fall and you ought to come and see it it's going to be a hell of a story and this is what i want to do when i grow up
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ross said you're too smart to die and i don't want it on my conscience so i'm leaving this school and i'm taking you with me and he drove me out to the university of pittsburgh where i filled out a college application and got in on probation well i'm now a trustee of the university and at my installation ceremony i said i'm the guy who came from the neighborhood who got into the place on probation don't give up on the poor kids because you never know what's going to happen to those children in life what i'm going to show you for a couple of minutes is a facility that i built in the toughest neighborhood in pittsburgh with the highest crime rate
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we also created a boardroom and i hired a japanese from kyoto japan and commissioned him to do pieces of furniture for our building we have since spun him off into his own business he's making a ton of money doing custom furniture for rich people
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he's making a ton of money doing custom furniture for rich people and i got pieces out of it for my school because i felt that welfare moms and ex steel workers and single parents deserved to come to a school where there was handcrafted furniture that greeted them every day because it sets a tone and an attitude about how you feel about people long before you give them the speech we even have flowers in the hallway and they're not plastic those are real and they're in my building every day and now that i've given lots of speeches we had a bunch of high school principals come and see me and they said mr strickland what an extraordinary story and what a great school and we were particularly touched by the flowers and we were curious as to how the flowers got there i said well i got in my car and i went out to the greenhouse and i bought them and i brought them back and i put them there
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and we've never looked back i would like to show you now some of the food that these welfare mothers do in this million dollar kitchen that happens to be our cafeteria line that's puff pastry day
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i would like to show you now some of the food that these welfare mothers do in this million dollar kitchen that happens to be our cafeteria line that's puff pastry day why because the students made puff pastry and that's what the school ate every day but the concept was that i wanted to take the stigma out of food that good food's not for rich people good food's for everybody on the planet and there's no excuse why we all can't be eating it so at my school we subsidize a gourmet lunch program for welfare mothers in the middle of the inner city because we've discovered that it's good for their stomachs but it's better for their heads because i wanted to let them know every day of their life that they have value at this place i call my center we have students who sit together black kids and white kids and what we've discovered is you can solve the race problem by creating a world class environment because people will have a tendency to show you world class behavior if you treat them in that way
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we train pharmaceutical technicians for the pharmacy industry we train medical technicians for the medical industry and we train chemical technicians for companies like bayer and calgon carbon and fisher scientific and exxon and i will guarantee you that if you come to my center in pittsburgh and you're all invited you'll see welfare mothers doing analytical chemistry with logarithmic calculators months from enrolling in the program there is absolutely no reason why poor people can't learn world class technology
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let me show you what these people do we have ceramics and photography and computer imaging and these are all kids with no artistic ability no talent no imagination and we bring in the world's greatest artists gordon parks has been there chester higgins has been there and what we've learned is that the children will become like the people who teach them in fact i brought in a mosaic artist from the vatican an african american woman who had studied the old vatican mosaic techniques and let me show you what they did with the work these were children who the whole world had given up on who were flunking out of public school and that's what they're capable of doing with affection and sunlight and food and good music and confidence we teach photography and these are examples of some of the kids' work
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and he got parents and then parents at the last show that we did parents showed up and we didn't pick up one parent because now it's become socially not acceptable not to show up to support your children at the manchester guild because people think you're bad parents
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at the last show that we did parents showed up and we didn't pick up one parent because now it's become socially not acceptable not to show up to support your children at the manchester guild because people think you're bad parents and there is no statistical difference between the white parents and the black parents mothers will go where their children are being celebrated every time every town every city i wanted you to see this gallery because it's as good as it gets and by the time i cut these kids loose from high school they've got four shows on their resume before they apply to college because it's all up here you have to change the way that people see themselves before you can change their behavior and it's worked out pretty good up to this day i even stuck another room on the building which i'd like to show you
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so i just want you to listen up for a couple more minutes and you'll understand why he's there and i'm here in i had the presence of mind to stick a music hall on the north end of the building while i was building it and a guy named dizzy gillespie showed up to play there because he knew this man over here marty ashby and i stood on that stage with dizzy gillespie on sound check on a wednesday afternoon and i said dizzy why would you come to a black run center in the middle of an industrial park with a high crime rate that doesn't even have a reputation in music he said because i heard you built the center and i didn't believe that you did it and i wanted to see for myself and now that i have i want to give you a gift
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and i stood on that stage with dizzy gillespie on sound check on a wednesday afternoon and i said dizzy why would you come to a black run center in the middle of an industrial park with a high crime rate that doesn't even have a reputation in music he said because i heard you built the center and i didn't believe that you did it and i wanted to see for myself and now that i have i want to give you a gift i said you're the gift he said no sir you're the gift and i'm going to allow you to record the concert and i'm going to give you the music and if you ever choose to sell it you must sign an agreement that says the money will come back and support the school and i recorded dizzy and he died a year later but not before telling a fellow named mccoy tyner what we were doing and he showed up and said dizzy talking about you all over the country man and i want to help you
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i'd like to start by asking you all to go to your happy place please yes your happy place i know you've got one even if it's fake
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your phone is not very natural and you probably think you're addicted to your phone but you're really not we're not addicted to devices we're addicted to the information that flows through them i wonder how long you would be happy in your happy place without any information from the outside world i'm interested in how we access that information how we experience it we're moving from a time of static information held in books and libraries and bus stops through a period of digital information towards a period of fluid information where your children will expect to be able to access anything anywhere at any time from quantum physics to medieval from gender theory to tomorrow's weather just like switching on a lightbulb imagine that humans also like simple tools your phone is not a very simple tool a fork is a simple tool
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reality is richer than screens for example i love books for me they are time machines atoms and molecules bound in space from the moment of their creation to the moment of my experience but frankly the identical on my phone so what makes this a richer experience than a screen i mean scientifically we need screens of course i'm going to show film i need the enormous screen but there's more than you can do with these magic boxes your phone is not the internet's door bitch
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using street view and then we stuck them under the steps so they became this very physical simple or like a portal to these other icons so you might see versailles or hut basically it's virtual reality circa
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natural things make us happy and happiness is a great motivator we strive for happiness
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they're actually heavily invested in touch and speech and gesture and also in senses things that can turn dumb objects like cups and imbue them with the magic of the internet potentially turning this digital cloud into something we might touch and move the parents in crisis over screen time need physical digital toys teaching their kids to read as well as family safe app stores
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like this wonderfully mechanical player and this was an inspiration to me
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humans love information humans need simple tools
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so there you go this whole thesis really came home to me when i went to visit a college in kansas city working class college certainly when i was in college i had certain expectations about my life that my husband and i would both work and that we would equally raise the children but these college girls had a completely different view of their future basically the way they said it to me is that they would be working hours a day that their husband would maybe have a job but that mostly he would be at home taking care of the kiddies and this was kind of a shocker to me and then here's my favorite quote from one of the girls men are the new ball and chain
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we are now going through an amazing and unprecedented moment where the power dynamics between men and women are shifting very rapidly and in many of the places where it counts the most women are in fact taking control of everything in my mother's day she didn't go to college not a lot of women did and now for every two men who get a college degree three women will do the same women for the first time this year became the majority of the american workforce and they're starting to dominate lots of professions doctors lawyers bankers accountants
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so quick show of hands who studied some marketing in university who studied some physics in university pretty good and at school okay lots of you so hopefully this will bring back some happy or possibly some slightly disturbing memories so physics and marketing we'll start with something very simple newton's law the force equals mass times acceleration this is something that perhaps turkish airlines should have studied a bit more carefully before they ran this campaign
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and only one contrary data point can blow your theory out of the water so if we take an example ptolemy had dozens of data points to support his theory that the planets would rotate around the earth it only took one robust observation from copernicus to blow that idea out of the water and there are parallels for marketing you can invest for a long time in a brand but a single contrary observation of that positioning will destroy consumers' belief take they spent millions of pounds over many years building up its credentials as an environmentally friendly brand but then one little accident think about toyota it was for a long time revered as the most reliable of cars and then they had the big recall incident and tiger woods for a long time the perfect brand ambassador well you know the story
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it's the same with brands the more massive a brand the more baggage it has the more force is needed to change its positioning and that's one of the reasons why arthur andersen chose to launch rather than try to persuade the world that andersen's could stand for something other than accountancy it explains why hoover found it very difficult to persuade the world that it was more than vacuum cleaners and why companies like unilever and keep brands separate like ariel and and dove rather than having one giant parent brand so the physics is that the bigger the mass of an object the more force is needed to change its direction the marketing is the bigger a brand the more difficult it is to reposition it so think about a portfolio of brands or maybe new brands for new ventures
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now who remembers uncertainty principle getting a little more technical now so this says that it's impossible by definition to measure exactly the state i e the position and the momentum of a particle because the act of measuring it by definition changes it so to explain that if you've got an elementary particle and you shine a light on it then the photon of light has momentum which knocks the particle so you don't know where it was before you looked at it by measuring it the act of measurement changes it the act of observation changes it it's the same in marketing
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and you put a little fan here and this is a hundred toy there have been six major research papers on this there's some grooves over here you can see and if i take a reed if i rub this something very amazing happens six major research papers on this as a matter of fact feynman as a child was very fascinated by this he wrote a paper on this and you don't need the three billion dollar collider for doing this
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well this is again it's just a ring a steel ring with steel nuts and what you can do is just if you give it a twirl well they just keep going on and imagine a bunch of kids standing in a circle and just waiting for the steel ring to be passed on and they'd be absolutely joyous playing with this well in the end what we can also do we use a lot of old newspapers to make caps this is worthy of it's a great cricket cap
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my name is arvind gupta and i'm a toymaker i've been making toys for the last years the early i was in college it was a very revolutionary time it was a political ferment so to say students out in the streets of paris revolting against authority america was jolted by the anti vietnam movement the civil rights movement
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in india we had the movement the unclear movement but you know when there is a political churning of society it unleashes a lot of energy the national movement of india was testimony to that lots of people resigned from well paid jobs and jumped into the national movement now in the early one of the great programs in india was to revitalize primary science in village schools there was a person did a ph d from and returned back as a molecular biologist in india's cutting edge research institute the at he was not able to relate the kind of unclear research which he was doing with the lives of the ordinary people
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i directed a movie two years ago called step up the streets anybody anybody yeah during that movie i got to meet a ton of hip hop dancers amazing the best in the world and they brought me into a society the sort of underground street culture that blew my mind i mean this is literally human beings with super human strength and abilities they could fly in the air they could bend their elbow all the way back they could spin on their heads for times in a row i'd never seen anything like that when i was growing up my heroes were people like fred astaire gene kelly michael jackson i grew up in a musical family
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i compost it in this garden all of the soil you can see there is basically my food which is generated by the restaurant and it's growing in these tubs which i made out of storm felled trees and wine casks and all kinds of things three compost bins go through about kilos of raw vegetable waste a week really good makes fantastic compost a couple of in there too and actually one of the was a big i had a lot of worms in it and i tried taking the dried food waste putting it to the worms going there you go dinner it was like vegetable jerky and killed all of them i don't know how many worms were in there but i've got some heavy karma coming i tell you
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it literally is waterhouse the air handling system inside it i got rid of air conditioning because i thought there was too much consumption going on there this is basically air handling i'm taking the temperature of the canal outside pumping it through the heat exchange mechanism it's turning through these amazing sails on the roof and that in turn is falling softly onto the people in the restaurant cooling them or heating them as the need may be and this is an english willow air and that's softly moving that air current through the room very advanced no air conditioning i love it in the canal which is just outside the restaurant there is hundreds of meters of coil piping this takes the temperature of the canal and turns it into this four degrees of heat exchange i have no idea how it works but i paid a lot of money for it
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i found this in the farmers' market today and if anybody wants to take it home and mash it later you're very welcome to the humble potato and i've spent a long time years preparing these
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4,129 |
i found this in the farmers' market today and if anybody wants to take it home and mash it later you're very welcome to the humble potato and i've spent a long time years preparing these and it pretty much goes through eight different forms in its lifetime first of all it's planted and that takes energy it grows and is nurtured it's then harvested it's then distributed and distribution is a massive issue it's then sold and bought and it's then delivered to me i basically take it prepare it and then people consume it hopefully they enjoy it
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what's going on there what's happening in costa rica we can look at some of the data percent of their electricity comes from renewable resources their government is one of the first to commit to be carbon neutral by they abolished the army in and they invested in social programs health and education they have one of the highest literacy rates in latin america and in the world and they have that latin vibe don't they they have the social
| 1 |
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martin luther king did not say i have a nightmare when he inspired the civil rights movements he said i have a dream and i have a dream i have a dream that we can stop thinking that the future will be a nightmare and this is going to be a challenge because if you think of every major film of recent times nearly all of its visions for humanity are apocalyptic i think this film is one of the hardest watches of modern times the road it's a beautiful piece of filmmaking but everything is desolate everything is dead
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you talk about africa you have to put up this picture of the world from space and people go look it's the dark continent actually it isn't what it is is a map of innovation and it's really easy to see where going on all the places with lots of electricity it isn't
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so in california everybody's really excited about a little square of plastic that you plug into a phone and you can swipe your credit card and people say we've liberated the credit card from the point of sale terminal fantastic why do you even need a credit card in africa we've been doing that for years and we've been doing it on phones like this this is a picture i took at a place called about an hour south of nairobi and the thing that's so remarkable about the payment system that's been pioneered in africa called m is that it works on phones like this it works on every single phone possible because it uses you can pay bills with it you can buy your groceries you can pay your kids' school fees and i'm told you can even bribe customs officials
| 1 |
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there's another great african that you've heard that's busy disrupting the automobile industry in the world he's also finding a way to reinvent solar power and the electricity industry in north america and if he's lucky he'll get us to mars hopefully in my lifetime he comes from pretoria the capital of south africa about kilometers from where i live so back to which is sometimes called which means city of gold and not only is mobile the gold of today i don't believe that the gold is under the ground i believe we are the gold like you've heard the other economists say we are at the point where china was when its boom years began and that's where we're going so you hear the west talk about innovation at the edge well of course it's happening at the edge because in the middle everybody's updating or worse still they're trying to understand privacy settings
| 1 |
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why did tesla have to invent the alternating current that powers the lights in this building or the city that we're in why did henry ford have to invent the production line to produce these fords that came in anything as long as they were black and why did eric merrifield have to invent the blank stares that is what a looks like and in the background you can see robben island
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and you think this is just a feature phone actually it's the of africa it's also a radio and it's also a torch and more than anything else it has really superb battery life why because that's what we need
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it's also a radio and it's also a torch and more than anything else it has really superb battery life why because that's what we need we have really severe energy problems in africa by the way you can update and send from a phone like this so we have found a way to use the available technology to send money via m which is a bit like a check system for the mobile age i come from johannesburg which is a mining town it's built on gold this is a picture i earlier and the difference today is that the gold of today is mobile
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interesting how so much of what we're talking about tonight is not simply design but interaction design and in fact interaction design is what i've been trying to insert in the collection of the museum of modern art for a few years starting not very timidly but just pointedly with works for instance by martin wattenberg the way a machine plays chess with itself that you see here or lisa and her partners the sugar interface for one laptop per child toshio on musical instruments and philip shadow monsters and john reactive books and also jonathan harris and sep i want you to want me these were some of the first acquisitions that really introduced the idea of interaction design to the public but more recently i've been trying really to go even deeper into interaction design with examples that are emotionally really suggestive and that really explain interaction design at a level that is almost undeniable the wind map by wattenberg and fernanda i don't know if you've ever seen it it's really fantastic it looks at the territory of the united states as if it were a wheat field that is procured by the winds and that is really giving you a pictorial image of what's going on with the winds in the united states but also more recently we started acquiring video games and that's where all hell broke loose in a really interesting way
| 1 |
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and that's really what i find so intriguing about the reactions that we've had to the of video games in the moma collection we've no first of all new york magazine always gets it i love them so we are in the right quadrant we are in the highbrow that's daring that's courageous and brilliant which is great timidly we've been higher on the diagonal in other situations but it's okay it's good
| 1 |
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so the first was jonathan jones from the guardian sorry moma video games are not art did i ever say they were art i was talking about interaction design excuse me exhibiting pac man and alongside picasso and van gogh they're two floors away
| 1 |
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again that misses the point excuse me you're missing the point and here look the above question is put bluntly are video games art no video games aren't art because they are quite thoroughly something else code oh so picasso is not art because it's oil paint right so it's so fantastic to see how these feathers that were ruffled and these reactions were so vehement and you know what the international cat video film festival didn't have that much of a reaction
| 1 |
4,159 |
no guns in the design collection and i was like why interestingly i learned that it's considered that in design and in the design collection what you see is what you get so when you see a gun it's an instrument for killing in the design collection if it's in the art collection it might be a critique of the killing instrument so it's very interesting but we are acquiring our critical dimension also in design so maybe one day we'll be able to acquire also the guns but here in this particular case we decided you know with kate and paul that we would have no gratuitous violence so we have portal because you shoot walls in order to create new spaces we have street fighter because martial arts are good
| 1 |
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so when you see a gun it's an instrument for killing in the design collection if it's in the art collection it might be a critique of the killing instrument so it's very interesting but we are acquiring our critical dimension also in design so maybe one day we'll be able to acquire also the guns but here in this particular case we decided you know with kate and paul that we would have no gratuitous violence so we have portal because you shoot walls in order to create new spaces we have street fighter because martial arts are good but we don't have because maybe it's my own reflection i've never been able to do anything but crashing cars and shooting prostitutes and pimps so it was not very constructive
| 1 |
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you acquire the relationship with the company what we want what we aspire to is the code it's very hard to get of course but that's what would enable us to preserve the video games for a really long time and that's what museums do they also preserve artifacts for posterity in absence of the code because you know video game companies are not very forthcoming in some cases in absence of that we acquire the relationship with the company we're going to stay with them forever they're not going to get rid of us and one day we'll get that code
| 1 |
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i'm almost like a crazy evangelical i've always known that the age of design is upon us almost like a rapture if the day is sunny i think oh the gods have had a good design day or i go to a show and i see a beautiful piece by an artist particularly beautiful i say he's so good because he clearly looked to design to understand what he needed to do so i really do believe that design is the highest form of creative expression that's why i'm talking to you today about the age of design and the age of design is the age in which design is still cute furniture is still posters is still fast cars what you see at moma today
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you know we were talking about the rapture it's coming and jonathan jones is making it happen so the same guardian are video games art the debate that shouldn't be
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4,164 |
so the same guardian are video games art the debate that shouldn't be last week guardian art critic blah blah suggested that games cannot qualify as art but is he right and does it matter thank you does it matter you know it's like once again there's this whole problem of design being often misunderstood for art or the idea that is so diffuse that designers want to aspire to would like to be called artists no
| 0 |
4,165 |
you know it's like once again there's this whole problem of design being often misunderstood for art or the idea that is so diffuse that designers want to aspire to would like to be called artists no designers aspire to be really great designers thank you very much and that's more than enough so my knight in shining armor john maeda without any prompt came out with this big declaration on why video games belong in the moma and that was fantastic and i thought that was it but then there was another wonderfully pretentious article that came out in the new republic so pretentious by leibovitz and it said moma has mistaken video games for art
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behind these acquisitions is an enormous amount of work because we're still the museum of modern art so even when we tackle popular culture we tackle it as a form of interaction design and as something that has to go into the collection at moma therefore has to be researched so to get to choosing eric wonderful another world amongst others we put together a panel of experts and we worked on this acquisition and it's mostly myself and kate carmody and paul galloway we worked on it for a year and a half so many people helped us designers of games you might know warren and his collaborators at kill screen magazine and you know kevin slavin you name it we bugged everybody because we knew that we were ignorant we were not real gamers enough so we had to really talk to them
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we bugged everybody because we knew that we were ignorant we were not real gamers enough so we had to really talk to them and so we decided of course to have sim city not the other sim city that one in particular so the criteria that we developed along the way were really strong and were not only criteria of selection they were also criteria of exhibition and of preservation that's what makes this acquisition more than a little game or a little joke it's truly a way to think of how to preserve and show artifacts that will more and more become part of our lives in the future we live today as you know very well not in the digital not in the physical but in the kind of that our mind makes of the two and that's really where interaction lies and that's the importance of interaction and in order to explain interaction we need to really bring people in and make them realize how interaction is part of their lives
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that's really where interaction lies and that's the importance of interaction and in order to explain interaction we need to really bring people in and make them realize how interaction is part of their lives so when i talk about it i don't talk only about video games which are in a way the purest form of interaction unadulterated by any kind of function or finality i also talk about the vending machine which i consider a masterpiece of interaction i mean that interface is beautiful it looks like a burly guy coming out of the tunnel you know with your mitt you can actually paw the and i talk about how bad machines usually are so i let people understand that it's up to them to know how to judge interaction so as to know when it's good or when it's bad so when i show the sims i try to make people really feel what it meant to have an interaction with the sims not only the fun but also the responsibility that came with the
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4,170 |
as an archaeologist i'm most often asked what my favorite discovery is the answer's easy my husband greg
| 1 |
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but this is ridiculous all you need to do is get up close and personal and see the hidden hand of man in the chisel marks left by the tools that built them the great pyramid of giza was built one stone at a time with million blocks with incredible bureaucratic efficiency it is not the pyramids that stand the test of time it is human ingenuity that is our shared human brilliance history may be cyclical but we are singular i love what i do because i learn that we haven't changed i get to read about mother jokes from mesopotamia from years ago
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i get to hear about neighbors cursing each other from years ago in egypt and my absolute favorite from years ago in luxor an inscription that describes schoolboys who cut class to go drinking
| 1 |
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meter resolution that's inches this means that you can zoom in from miles in space and see your tablets how do i know about this it's because i'm a space archaeologist let me repeat that i am a space archaeologist this means thank you this means i use satellite images and process them using algorithms and look at subtle differences in the light spectrum that indicate buried things under the ground that i get to go excavate and survey by the way nasa has a space archaeology program so it's a real job
| 1 |
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sometimes when you travel you end up finding long lost family not those with whom you share genes but a shared entry in the book of life this is omer my brother a from a village just north of luxor called are part of a celebrated tradition in egyptology they help with digging and work crew organization omer is my coo and i simply couldn't do work without him one day many years ago when i was a young graduate student and omer was a young who couldn't speak much english we learned completely randomly that we were born in the same year the same month and the same day six hours apart twins
| 1 |
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so how are we going to do this we are going to build with the ted prize money an online citizen science platform to allow anyone in the world to engage with discovering archaeological sites there are only a couple hundred of us space archaeologists around the world it is my dream to engage the world with helping to find sites and protect them what you'll do is sign in create a note that this particular is already taken
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i thought if i was going to ask greg to spend the rest of this life with me then i should ask him in front of two people who had pledged to be together for eternity these symbols endure because when we look at them we're looking at mirrors
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4,182 |
all worship at the temple of possibility that one discovery might change history on my first day in egypt i worked at a site in the northeast egyptian delta called mendes dating to years ago in a cemetery
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on my first day in egypt i worked at a site in the northeast egyptian delta called mendes dating to years ago in a cemetery that's a picture of me i'm just in my bliss on the dig surrounded by emerald green rice paddies i discovered an intact pot flipping it over i discovered a human left by whoever made the vessel for a moment time stood still i didn't know where i was it was because at that moment i realized when we dig we're digging for people not things never are we so present as when we are in the midst of the great past
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discovering them will do nothing less than unlock the full potential of our existence but we have a challenge
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