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nociceptive pain definition | Nociceptive pain is caused by an injury that stimulates pain receptors which recognize and react to a stimulus (pressure, extreme temperatures, irritating substances released by other cells) and send pain signals through the nervous system for recognition and response to an injury or the possibility for injury.ociceptive pain is caused by an injury that stimulates pain receptors which recognize and react to a stimulus (pressure, extreme temperatures, irritating substances released by other cells) and send pain signals through the nervous system for recognition and response to an injury or the possibility for injury. | Adj. 1. nociceptive-caused by or in response to pain; a nociceptive spinal reflex. sensitive-responsive to physical stimuli; a mimosa's leaves are sensitive to touch; a sensitive voltmeter; sensitive skin; sensitive to light.1 Facebook.2 Twitter.. nociceptive-caused by or in response to pain; a nociceptive spinal reflex. sensitive-responsive to physical stimuli; a mimosa's leaves are sensitive to touch; a sensitive voltmeter; sensitive skin; sensitive to light. | eng_Latn | 11,500 |
what is the term used to describe the bulbs located at the end of the axon | An axon terminal is the structure of a neuron (a single cell of the central or peripheral nervous system) at the end of it's axon that forms a synapse with another neuron. Geâ¦nerally, the axon terminal is the point at which a neuron passes information to the neurons with which it is connected. | An axon terminal is the structure of a neuron (a single cell of the central or peripheral nervous system) at the end of it's axon that forms a synapse with another neuron. Ge ⦠nerally, the axon terminal is the point at which a neuron passes information to the neurons with which it is connected. | eng_Latn | 11,501 |
the difference between an action potential and a resting potential | The potential that is recorded when a living cell is impaled with a microelectrode is called the resting potential, and varies from cell to cell. Here it is shown to be -60 mV, but can range between -80 mV and -40 mV, depending on the particular type of nerve cell. In the absence of any stimulation, the resting potential is generally constant. It is also possible to record and study the action potential. Figure 1.3 illustrates an example in which a neuron has already been impaled with one microelectrode (the recording electrode), which is connected to a voltmeter. The electrode records a resting potential of -60 mV. | Resting Membrane Potential (RMP) is the voltage (charge) difference across the cell membrane when the cell is at rest. RMP is a product of the distribution of charged particles (ions). There are positively charged ions called cations (e.g., Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+) and negatively charged ions called anions (e.g., Cl- and proteins that act as anions). | eng_Latn | 11,502 |
describe the function of the tongue | Therefore we should take great care of this organ which is made up of muscles. Function of the tongue. 1 On the surface of the tongue there are tiny papillae, they are in large number and the main function of the papilla is they act as taste buds.2 Tongue can distinguish the taste of the food, such as bitter, sour, sweet and salty. 3 Tongue is responsible for speech.herefore we should take great care of this organ which is made up of muscles. Function of the tongue. 1 On the surface of the tongue there are tiny papillae, they are in large number and the main function of the papilla is they act as taste buds. | Why is My Tongue Black. Tongue is an organ in the body and it is made up of several muscles that defines its function. Structurally the tongue is used in tasting, moving and mixing of food to enable swallowing and is also used in forming of words while talking. Therefore it is regarded as the strongest muscle in the body. | eng_Latn | 11,503 |
which nerves carry nerve impulses away from the spinal cord? | The afferent nerves carry the stimulus from the periphery, to the spinal cord. The efferent nerves carry impulses away from the spinal cord to the periphery. A simple way to r ⦠emember this is, A for afferent, A= arriving, and E for efferent, E= exiting. Make sense? | What part of a neuron carries nerve impulses away from the cell body? The axon carries the signal away from the neuron, while the dendrite carries the signal to the neuron. The cell body of a neuron (a nerve cell) receives signals fr ⦠om its neighbors; when prompted thereby to send a signal of it's own, the axon (an extension protruding from the body) propagates that signal electrochemically via an ion pump to other neurons at the terminal synapse (a small gap between one neuron and the next). | eng_Latn | 11,504 |
what is nerve rated | Parents Need to Know. Parents need to know that Nerve is a teen thriller about a popular online video game (with some parallels to Pokemon Go) that can become dangerous. There are lots of scenes of teens (played by actors in their twenties) performing dangerous and/or thrilling stunts; some fail and get hurt. Guns are also shown, with some shooting. | An example of nerve is someone being willing to talk about their recent divorce. An example of nerve is a student standing up to the school bully. | eng_Latn | 11,505 |
where is a human dorsal nerve cord | The spinal cord is the most important structure between the body and the brain. The spinal cord extends from the foramen magnum where it is continuous with the medulla to the level of the first or second lumbar vertebrae. It is a vital link between the brain and the body, and from the body to the brain. The spinal cord is 40 to 50 cm long and 1 cm to 1.5 cm in diameter. Two consecutive rows of nerve roots emerge on each of its sides. These nerve roots join distally to form 31 pairs of spinal nerves. | In the vertebrates it becomes part of the backbone. Some chordates do not contain a backbone and keep the notochord intact all their lives. The dorsal nerve cord is part of the central nervous system the runs from the brain down the dorsal area of the animal.he dorsal means it is located at the back of the body. The difference is that the Notochord supports the nerve chord and protects it from getting damaged. The nerve chords control your body's peripherals or your (PNS) connecting it to the central nervous system (CNS) those are the main differences. | eng_Latn | 11,506 |
what are the support cells of the nervous system? | Glial cells, sometimes called neuroglia or simply glia (Greek γλία and γλοία glue; pronounced in English as either /ËÉ¡liËÉ/ or /ËÉ¡laɪÉ/), are non-neuronal cells that maintain homeostasis, form myelin, and provide support and protection for neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems. | Nerve cells, also called Neurons. 2. Interstitial/Supportive cells, also called Neuroglia or Neuroglial cells. 3. Connective tissue proper of the nervous tissue which include: a. Meninges of the brain and spinal cord b. Connective tissue of the blood vessels of the nervous tissue. NEUROGLIAL CELLS (See Diagram 6.) These are the supportive cells of the nervous tissue. They provide physical support, nutrients, defense, insulation and re-absorption of neurotransmitters in the nervous system. | eng_Latn | 11,507 |
inhibitory neurotransmitter definition | Full Definition of NEUROTRANSMITTER. : a substance (as norepinephrine or acetylcholine) that transmits nerve impulses across a synapse. See neurotransmitter defined for English-language learners. See neurotransmitter defined for kids.ADVERTISEMENT.ull Definition of NEUROTRANSMITTER. : a substance (as norepinephrine or acetylcholine) that transmits nerve impulses across a synapse. See neurotransmitter defined for English-language learners. See neurotransmitter defined for kids. ADVERTISEMENT. | Definition of a Neurotransmitter Neurotransmitters are types of hormones in the brain that transmit information from one neuron to another. They are made by amino acids. Neurotransmitters control major body functions including movement, emotional response, and the physical ability to experience pleasure and pain. | eng_Latn | 11,508 |
what type of neuron is neuron x | There are several different types of neurons. Sensory neurons carry signals from the outer parts of your body into the central nervous system or CNS.For example, if somebody puts ice on your hand, the sensory neurons send the message from your hand to your central nervous system telling you the ice is cold.otor neurons carry signals from the central nervous system to the outer parts of your body doing the opposite of sensory neurons. For example, if you were driving, the motor neurons would take the message from your central nervous system to your hand telling you to turn the key. | Histology of the Nervous System (The Neuron) Part 2. Based on morphological characteristics, the neurons have been classified into the following groups: multipolar, bipolar, pseudo-unipolar, and unipolar. Multipolar neurons are most common in the brain and spinal cord. They possess three or more dendrites and one long axon issuing from the cell body (Fig. 5-3A). A large motor neuron of the anterior horn of the spinal cord is one example of such a neuron. | eng_Latn | 11,509 |
what is a reflex behavior | A reflex action, differently known as a reflex, is an involuntary and nearly instantaneous movement in response to a stimulus.Scientific use of the term reflex refers to a behavior that is mediated via the reflex arc; this does not apply to casual uses of the term reflex. reflex action, differently known as a reflex, is an involuntary and nearly instantaneous movement in response to a stimulus. | Reflex. a response of an organism mediated by the central nervous system after stimulation of receptors by internal or external environmental agents; it is manifested by the occurrence of or change in the functional activity of individual organs or the body as a whole. | eng_Latn | 11,510 |
what are dendrites' | Dendrites are the segments of the neuron that receive stimulation in order for the cell to become active. They conduct electrical messages to the neuron cell body for the cell to function. This lesson discusses dendrites, their function, and their importance in neuron activity. | Dendrites one of the threadlike extensions of the cytoplasm of a neuron. In unipolar and bipolar neurons, they resemble axons structurally, but typically, as in multipolar neurons, they branch into treelike processes. | eng_Latn | 11,511 |
types of sensory receptors | Report Abuse. you actually have more than 5 types of sensory receptors within your body. Taste receptors at your tongues help you tell the taste. Light receptors in your eyes to let you detect light and thus see Vibration receptors in your inner ear to interpret the sound that moves the ear drum to let you hear.hen there are also Heat/Cold receptors-these sense changes in temperature. There are also Pain receptors. You also have balance receptors (this is the one that gives you sensation of movement as well). There are many other more (which are uncommon but nonetheless within your body). | This classification also results in three different types of neurons: sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons. Sensory neurons, or afferent neurons transmit information from sensory receptors in the skin, or the internal organs toward the CNS for processing. Almost all sensory neurons are unipolar. | eng_Latn | 11,512 |
there are _________ pairs of cervical spinal nerves, and they supply the ________________. | Spinal Nerves Overview in the Human Body. There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves. Each containing thousands of nerve fibers. They supply all areas of the body except the head and some areas of the neck. Below is a breakdown of the number of spinal nerves in each area of the spine. 8 pairs of cervical spinal nerves C1 â C8. | Spinal nerve: Spinal nerve, in vertebrates, any one of many paired peripheral nerves that arise from the spinal cord. In humans there are 31 pairs: 8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 1 coccygeal. Each pair connects the spinal cord with a specific region of the body. Near the spinal cord each spinal nerve branches into two roots. | eng_Latn | 11,513 |
what makes a nerve impulse travel along an axon | While it may be true that the impulse travels along the axon by the action potential, in myelinated nerves, it moves by sultatory conduction, where the action potentials jumps from node of Ranvier to node or Ranvier.est Answer: The Nerve Impulse is travels through an axon by Action Potential-electrochemical differences cause a nerve impulse to travel down toward the end of the Axon. | An axon (from Greek á¼Î¾Ïν axÅn, áxÅn), axis is a, long slender projection of a nerve, cell or, neuron that typically conducts electrical impulses away from the'neuron s cell. bodyhen an action potential reaches a presynaptic terminal, it activates the synaptic transmission process. The first step is rapid opening of calcium ion channels in the membrane of the axon, allowing calcium ions to flow inward across the membrane. | eng_Latn | 11,514 |
what is nervous system cells made up of | The basic working unit of the nervous system is a cell called a neuron. The human brain contains about 100 billion neurons. A neuron consists of a cell body containing the nucleus, and special extensions called axons (pronounced AK-sonz) and dendrites (pronounced DEN-drahytz). | The nervous system is made up of neurons, the specialized cells that can receive and transmit chemical or electrical signals, and glia, the cells that provide support functions for the neurons. A neuron can be compared to an electrical wireââ¬âit transmits a signal from one place to another. | eng_Latn | 11,515 |
definition of neurons | A neuron is a cell that carries electrical impulses. Neurons are the basic units of the nervous system and its most important part is the brain. Every neuron is made of a cell body, dendrites and an axon. Dendrites and axons are nerve fibres. There are about 86 billion neurons in the human brain, which comprises roughly 10% of all brain cells. The neurons are supported by glial cells and astrocytes. Neurons are connected to one another and tissues. They do not touch and instead form tiny gaps ca | A neuron (/ËnjÊÉrÉn/ NYEWR-on or /ËnÊÉrÉn/ NEWR-on; also known as a neurone or nerve cell) is an electrically excitable cell that processes and transmits information through electrical and chemical signals. These signals between neurons occur via synapses, specialized connections with other cells.Neurons can connect to each other to form neural networks. Neurons are the core components of the brain and spinal cord of the central nervous system (CNS), and of the ganglia of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). typical neuron consists of a cell body (soma), dendrites, and an axon. | eng_Latn | 11,516 |
the area of the spinal cord that surrounds the central canal and is dominated by the cell bodies of neurons and glial cells is the __________. | If cerebrospinal fluid was withdrawn during a spinal tap, a needle would be inserted into the: subarachnoid space: The white matter of the spinal cord contains: Large amount of myelinated and unmyelinated axons: The area of the spinal cord that surrounds the central canal and is dominated by the cell bodies of neurons and glial cells is the: white matter | The brain and spinal cord are surrounded by a clear fluid called cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This fluid is produced and stored in cavities in the brain called ventricles. It circulates around the brain, moving from ventricle to ventricle. | eng_Latn | 11,517 |
what is the function of the nerve cord in earthworms | The nerve cord in an earthworm performs the same task as the nervous system of any animal. The function of the nervous system is to bring sensory information to the brain, where it is processed. Then, the brain sends signals to the body via the nervous system and those signals cause the animal to move.t's function is simple; ⦠it's the nerves in the worm! If dissected, the nerve cord looks like a thin white line on the ventral (belly) side on the inside of the skin. | Nervous system of the anterior end of an earthworm The earthworm's nervous system has three parts: the central nervous system (CNS), peripheral nervous system and the sympathetic nervous system. | eng_Latn | 11,518 |
what is the name given to the synapse where a motor neuron's axon meets a muscle fiber? | For example, the neuron-neuron contact is called a neuronal synapse. while the neuron-skeletal muscle cell contact is called a neuromuscular or myoneural junction. The contacts made by nerve cells with cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and gland cells are all neuroeffector junctions. | This special form of synapse between a motor neuron axon and a muscle fibre is called a neuromuscular junction. The arrival of a nerve impulse at the neuromuscular junction causes thousands of tiny vesicles (pouches) filled with a neurotransmitter called acetylcholine to be released from the axon tip into the synapse. | eng_Latn | 11,519 |
what are chemical which relay amplify and modulate signals between a neuron and another cell | Each axon terminal contains thousands of membrane-bound sacs called vesicles, which in turn contain thousands of neurotransmitter molecules each. Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers which relay, amplify and modulate signals between neurons and other cells. | Transmembrane proteins (connexons) form tunnels that allow small molecules to pass from cell to cell. Used to spread ions, simple sugars, or other small molecules between cells. Allows electrical signals to be passed quickly from one cell to next cell. Used in cardiac and smooth muscle cells. | eng_Latn | 11,520 |
what receives electrical messages | The brain sends and receives messages, usually referred to as signals, to all parts of the body. The nerves scattered throughout the body help in accompolishing this. 6 people found this useful. Edit. | Neuron to Neuron. Each nerve cell in the brain sends and receives messages in the form of electrical and chemical signals. Once a cell receives and processes a message, it sends it on to other neurons. | eng_Latn | 11,521 |
what control nerve impulses to and from the brain | The thalamus is a relay and preprocessing station for the many nerve impulses that pass through it. Impulses carrying similar messages are grouped in the thalamus, then relayed to the appropriate brain areas. The epithalamus is the most dorsal (posterior) portion of the diencephalon. | transmits nerve impulses between the brain, limbs, and lower part of the body Primary Function of the Nerves receive and transmit messages to and from all parts of the body Autonomic Nervous System controls involuntary movement, functioning of internal organs, and maintains homeostasis. sympathetic = around nerves as part of fight or flight | eng_Latn | 11,522 |
where does the vagus nerve start and end | originate in brain and spinal cord and have cranial AND spinal branches. Each cranial branch joins a vagus nerve and carries impulses to muscles of soft palate, pharynx & larynx. Spinal branch descends into neck & supplies motor fibers to trapezius and sternoclediomastoid. hypoglossal. | Messages: 187. Likes Received: 2. Status: Dental Student. As I understand the Vagus Nerve's relationship with the heart: The Vagus Nerve is part of the parasympathetic nervous system and reaches from the bottom of the medulla to where it acts on the sinoatrial node in the right atrium. | eng_Latn | 11,523 |
what do neurotransmitters transmit to | Referenced in 1 quiz question. During transmission across a chemical synapse: the neurotransmitter is released, causing the postsynaptic ion channels to open., All of these., gap junctions block current from traveling from one cell to the next., or sodium ions hyperpolarize the post-synaptic cell membranes. | alpha motor neurons (large lower motor neurons) of the brainstem and spinal cord. Upper motor neurons release a neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, from their axon terminal knobs, which are received by nicotinic receptors of the alpha motor neurons. In turn, alpha motor neurons relay the stimuli received down their axons via the ventral root of the spinal cord. These signals then proceed to the neuromuscular junctions of skeletal muscles. From there, acetylcholine is released from the axon terminal knobs of alpha motor neurons and received by postsynaptic receptors (Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors) of muscles, thereby relaying the stimulus to contract muscle fibers. Vertebrate and invertebrate differences In invertebrates, depending on the neurotransmitter released and the type of receptor it binds, the response in the | eng_Latn | 11,524 |
what is another name for an efferent neuron | The opposite direction of neural activity is afferent conduction. In the nervous system there is a closed loop system of sensation, decision, and reactions. This process is carried out through the activity of afferent neurons (sensory neurons), interneurons, and efferent neurons (motor neurons).The motor nerves are efferent nerves involved in muscular control.The cell body of the efferent neuron is connected to a single, long axon and several shorter dendrites projecting out of the cell body itself.he motor nerves are efferent nerves involved in muscular control. The cell body of the efferent neuron is connected to a single, long axon and several shorter dendrites projecting out of the cell body itself. | The efferent and afferent branches of the peripheral nervous system, also called motor neurons and sensory neurons. | eng_Latn | 11,525 |
nervous system axon definition | The nervous system is designed to control almost every system in the body. It does so through the use of neurons, which communicate with cells and tissue in different systems. This article addresses a part of the neuron, called the axon, which is important in this cellular communication.ntroduction. If we compared the human body to a computer, then the nervous system would be the motherboard. It is the main control unit for the body, and through the nervous system, other functions in the body are regulated. | An axon (from Greek á¼Î¾Ïν axÅn, áxÅn), axis is a, long slender projection of a nerve, cell or, neuron that typically conducts electrical impulses away from the'neuron s cell. Body myelinated axons are known as nerve. fibershen an action potential reaches a presynaptic terminal, it activates the synaptic transmission process. The first step is rapid opening of calcium ion channels in the membrane of the axon, allowing calcium ions to flow inward across the membrane. | eng_Latn | 11,526 |
what does peripheral nervous system mean | The second nervous system, known as the peripheral nervous system, contains all the nerves in the body that lie outside of the spinal cord and brain. These two systems communicate with each other to make sure our body parts, such as our fingers, can send signals to the central nervous system for processing in our brains. | 1 Peripheral nervous system (PNS): a part of the nervous system which includes all the nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord. 2 Sympathetic nervous system: The part of your nervous system that unconsciously controls your organs and glands when you're excited or frightened.he brain and spinal cord are inside your skull and vertebrae (the vertebrae make up your backbone). These bones protect the CNS when you get into accidents. The other part of the nervous system is the Peripheral Nervous System (or PNS). The PNS consists mainly of the nerves that go to and from the CNS. | eng_Latn | 11,527 |
what nerve are in the anus | The perineal nerve is a branch of the pudendal nerve and serves the external genitalia of both sexes as well as the perineal area, which is the space between the scrotum and the anus in men, and between the vagina and the anus in women.amage to the perineal nerve may cause decreased sexual sensation. Problems with the perineal nerve may cause incontinence in people of all ages, including the elderly. In women, the perineum is located between the anus and vagina. | The Olfactory Nerve The olfactory nerve is the first cranial nerve, responsible for transmitting everything we smell to the brain. Disruptions to this nerve can cause anosmia, an inability to detect scents. This also dramatically impacts our sense of taste.â. | eng_Latn | 11,528 |
what are dorsal root ganglia | noun, plural: dorsal root ganglia. (neuroanatomy) The ganglion on the dorsal root of every spinal nerve. It is where the cell bodies of sensory neurons are located; hence, it is chiefly involved in the transmission of sensory information. | Dorsal root ganglion blocks (nerve root injections) are a procedure in which the spinal nerve roots are injected with local anaesthetic and steroid to treat pain caused by irritation and inflammation of spinal nerves. A cervical root block is in to the neck. A thoracic root block is in the upper part of the back. | eng_Latn | 11,529 |
what nerve innervates causes peristalsis | 1 Esophageal peristalsis results from sequential contraction of circular muscle, which serves to push the ingested food bolus toward the stomach. 2 Esophageal longitudinal muscle may also play a role in peristalsis.he main function of the esophagus is to propel swallowed food or fluid into the stomach. This occurs through sequential or peristaltic contraction of circular muscle in the esophageal body, in concert with appropriately timed relaxation of the upper and lower esophageal sphincters. | Eyelid muscle innervation is achieved by cranial nerve VII (the facial nerve), cranial nerve III (the oculomotor nerve), and sympathetic nerve fibers. The facial nerve (CNVII) innervates the obicularis oculi, frontalis, procerus, and corrugator supercilii muscles, and supports eyelid protraction. | eng_Latn | 11,530 |
where is the vagus nerve and what does it do? | The vagus nerve is known as the wandering nerve because it has multiple branches that diverge from two thick stems rooted in the cerebellum and brainstem that wander to the lowest viscera of your abdomen touching your heart and most major organs along the way. Vagus means wandering in Latin. | Vagus Nerve. The vagus nerve runs throughout the body and is responsible for the function and regulation of several bodily systems such as the heart and digestive tracts. If the vagus nerve malfunctions these systems can stop functioning properly. The vagus nerve is one of the largest nerve systems in the body. | eng_Latn | 11,531 |
what organs does the nervous system include | The main organs of the nervous system, that is the brain and the spinal cord form the central nervous system. Brain. The brain is one of the most important organs in the human body system. It is the center of all commands.It monitors all the conscious and unconscious processes of the body.he PNS is further divided into the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system. The somatic nervous system contains sensory (afferent) neurons that carry information from organs/muscles to the CNS, and motor (efferent) neurons that carry information from the brain and spinal cord to muscles of the body. | The nerves of the head and neck include the most vital and important organs of the nervous system â the brain and spinal cord â as well as the organs of the special senses. In addition, in this region we also find the major cranial and spinal nerves that connect the central nervous system to the organs, skin, and muscles of the head and neck. | eng_Latn | 11,532 |
how sneezes happen | Does your heart stop when you sneeze? No, your heart does not stop when you sneeze. A sneeze begins with a tickling sensation in the nerve endings that sends a message to your brain that it needs to rid itself of something irritating the lining of your nose. You first take a deep breath and hold it, which tightens your chest muscles. | Sneezes protect your body by clearing the nose of bacteria and viruses, Kao explains. When something enters your nose or you encounter a trigger that sets off your sneeze center in your brain, located in the lower brain stem, signals are rapidly sent to tightly close your throat, eyes, and mouth.Next, your chest muscles vigorously contract, and then your throat muscles quickly relax.ut signals traveling along nerves can take slightly different paths to and from the brain, resulting in different sneeze scenarios from person to person. It's a nerve transmission that tells your brain something is in your nose that needs to come out, Kao tells WebMD. 2. | nld_Latn | 11,533 |
define facial | Facials may include the use of a facial mask. A facial is a family of skin care treatments for the face, including steam, exfoliation, extraction, creams, lotions, facial masks, peels, and massage. They are normally performed in beauty salons, but are also a common spa treatment. They are used for general skin health as well as for specific skin conditions. | Medical Definition of Facial nerve. Facial nerve: The facial nerve is the seventh cranial nerve. It is a mixed nerve that has fibers both going out and coming in (both efferent and afferent fibers). It supplies the muscles of facial expression. | eng_Latn | 11,534 |
is the tongue a muscle | The tongue is a muscular organ in the mouth. The tongue is covered with moist, pink tissue called mucosa. Tiny bumps called papillae give the tongue its rough texture. Thousands of taste buds cover the surfaces of the papillae. Taste buds are collections of nerve-like cells that connect to nerves running into the brain. The tongue is anchored to the mouth by webs of tough tissue and mucosa. The tether holding down the front of the tongue is called the frenum. In the back of the mouth, the tongue is anchored into the hyoid bone. The tongue is vital for chewing and swallowing food, as well as for speech. The four common tastes are sweet, sour, bitter, and salty. A fifth taste, called umami, results from tasting glutamate (present in MSG). | According to HowStuffWorks, the famous myth that the tongue is the strongest muscle in the body is not true. The tongue is made up of skeletal muscle fibers, allowing its owner to control it voluntarily. It is an essential part of the digestive system in keeping food between the teeth for chewing, the first part of the digestive process. | eng_Latn | 11,535 |
epithelial cells in taste buds | The taste buds of the tongue occur within papillae (foliate, fungiform, and vallate) present in the stratified squamous epithelium of the tongue. The taste buds consist of basal cells (near the basal lamina), supporting cells, and gustatory cells (sensory or neuroepithelial cells).The gustatory cells, which can be distinguished from supporting cells with a specific staining only, have microvilli at their apical ends extending in the taste pore.he 20X and 40X micrographs show in detail the layers of squamous stratified epithelium, the foliate papillae, and the taste bud. In the 40X micrograph the cells of the taste buds and its taste pore are visible. © 2004 Texas Histopages. | The majority of taste buds are located in pockets around the papillae on the surface and sides of the tongue, but there are some on the surface of the pharynx and larynx. Each taste bud containsabout 40 specialized receptor cells and many supporting cells. Unlike thereceptors for smell that are modified sensory neurons, the receptor cells fortaste are not neurons, but rather specialized cells with slender microvilli on their outer ends. | eng_Latn | 11,536 |
what cranial nerve affects taste | Best Answer: There are three cranial nerve involved in taste... The Facial Nerve carries information from the front 2/3 of the tongue. (Cranial Nerve VII) The Glossopharyngeal Nerve carries information from the back 1/3 of the tongure (Cranial Nerve IX) The Vagus Nerve also carries some taste information, but it's a minor component (Cranial Nerve X). | Confidence votes 625. There are two cranial nerves that are involved with your sense of taste. Facial nerve (CN VII), more specifically chorda tympani branch is responsible for the anterior 2/3 of your tongue.Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) is responsible for the posterior 1/3 of your tongue.onfidence votes 625. There are two cranial nerves that are involved with your sense of taste. Facial nerve (CN VII), more specifically chorda tympani branch is responsible for the anterior 2/3 of your tongue. | eng_Latn | 11,537 |
the taste receptors are called | The gustatory system consists of taste receptor cells in taste buds. Taste buds, in turn, are contained in structures called papillae. There are three types of papillae involved in taste: fungiform papillae, foliate papillae, and circumvallate papillae.(The fourth type-filiform papillae do not contain taste buds).hen food or other substances enter the mouth, molecules interact with saliva and are bound to taste receptors in the oral cavity and other locations. Molecules which give a sensation of taste are considered sapid. Taste receptors are divided into two families: | A taste receptor is a type of receptor which facilitates the sensation of taste. When food or other substances enter the mouth, molecules interact with saliva and are bound to taste receptors in the oral cavity and other locations. Molecules which give a sensation of taste are considered sapid. taste receptor is a type of receptor which facilitates the sensation of taste. When food or other substances enter the mouth, molecules interact with saliva and are bound to taste receptors in the oral cavity and other locations. Molecules which give a sensation of taste are considered sapid. | eng_Latn | 11,538 |
which nerve taste sensations | Taste is the sensation produced when a substance in the mouth reacts chemically with taste receptor cells located on taste buds in the oral cavity, mostly on the tongue. Taste, along with smell and trigeminal nerve stimulation (registering texture, pain, and temperature), determines flavors of food or other substances. | Finally, the glossopharyngeal nerve, also known as cranial nerve IX, is a nerve that is responsible for the sensation of taste in the posterior one-third of the tongue and, like the hypoglossal nerve, innervates muscles involved in swallowing that juicy piece of steak. | eng_Latn | 11,539 |
are taste receptors modified epithelial cells | The taste cells are modified epithelial cells that function as sensory receptors. About 50-60 taste cells are located in pear-shaped taste buds and the taste cells through microvilli project into a taste pore. | Each taste bud contains about 50-100 epithelial cells. Thereâs 3 major cell types, the basal epithelial cells, gustatory epithelial cells and supporting cells. The picture below starts with the whole tongue then takes a closer look at a single vallate papilla, then zooms in and looks at a single taste bud.ach taste bud contains about 50-100 epithelial cells. Thereâs 3 major cell types, the basal epithelial cells, gustatory epithelial cells and supporting cells. The picture below starts with the whole tongue then takes a closer look at a single vallate papilla, then zooms in and looks at a single taste bud. | eng_Latn | 11,540 |
Glial cells are also referred to as what? | The brains of all species are composed primarily of two broad classes of cells: neurons and glial cells. Glial cells (also known as glia or neuroglia) come in several types, and perform a number of critical functions, including structural support, metabolic support, insulation, and guidance of development. Neurons, however, are usually considered the most important cells in the brain. The property that makes neurons unique is their ability to send signals to specific target cells over long distances. They send these signals by means of an axon, which is a thin protoplasmic fiber that extends from the cell body and projects, usually with numerous branches, to other areas, sometimes nearby, sometimes in distant parts of the brain or body. The length of an axon can be extraordinary: for example, if a pyramidal cell, (an excitatory neuron) of the cerebral cortex were magnified so that its cell body became the size of a human body, its axon, equally magnified, would become a cable a few centimeters in diameter, extending more than a kilometer. These axons transmit signals in the form of electrochemical pulses called action potentials, which last less than a thousandth of a second and travel along the axon at speeds of 1–100 meters per second. Some neurons emit action potentials constantly, at rates of 10–100 per second, usually in irregular patterns; other neurons are quiet most of the time, but occasionally emit a burst of action potentials. | The name evolved during the Middle Ages from Gallaecia, sometimes written Galletia, to Gallicia. In the 13th century, with the written emergence of the Galician language, Galiza became the most usual written form of the name of the country, being replaced during the 15th and 16th centuries by the current form, Galicia, which coincides with the Castilian Spanish name. The historical denomination Galiza became popular again during the end of the 19th and the first three-quarters of the 20th century, being still used with some frequency today, although not by the Xunta de Galicia, the local devolved government. The Royal Galician Academy, the institution responsible for regulating the Galician language, whilst recognizing it as a legitimate current denomination, has stated that the only official name of the country is Galicia. | eng_Latn | 11,541 |
Which of the two broad classes of cells: neurons and glial cells send signals to other cells? | The brains of all species are composed primarily of two broad classes of cells: neurons and glial cells. Glial cells (also known as glia or neuroglia) come in several types, and perform a number of critical functions, including structural support, metabolic support, insulation, and guidance of development. Neurons, however, are usually considered the most important cells in the brain. The property that makes neurons unique is their ability to send signals to specific target cells over long distances. They send these signals by means of an axon, which is a thin protoplasmic fiber that extends from the cell body and projects, usually with numerous branches, to other areas, sometimes nearby, sometimes in distant parts of the brain or body. The length of an axon can be extraordinary: for example, if a pyramidal cell, (an excitatory neuron) of the cerebral cortex were magnified so that its cell body became the size of a human body, its axon, equally magnified, would become a cable a few centimeters in diameter, extending more than a kilometer. These axons transmit signals in the form of electrochemical pulses called action potentials, which last less than a thousandth of a second and travel along the axon at speeds of 1–100 meters per second. Some neurons emit action potentials constantly, at rates of 10–100 per second, usually in irregular patterns; other neurons are quiet most of the time, but occasionally emit a burst of action potentials. | After the Rus' attack on Constantinople in 860, the Byzantine Patriarch Photius sent missionaries north to convert the Rus' and the Slavs. Prince Rastislav of Moravia had requested the Emperor to provide teachers to interpret the holy scriptures, so in 863 the brothers Cyril and Methodius were sent as missionaries, due to their knowledge of the Slavonic language. The Slavs had no written language, so the brothers devised the Glagolitic alphabet, later developed into Cyrillic, and standardized the language of the Slavs, later known as Old Church Slavonic. They translated portions of the Bible and drafted the first Slavic civil code and other documents, and the language and texts spread throughout Slavic territories, including Kievan Rus’. The mission of Cyril and Methodius served both evangelical and diplomatic purposes, spreading Byzantine cultural influence in support of imperial foreign policy. In 867 the Patriarch announced that the Rus' had accepted a bishop, and in 874 he speaks of an "Archbishop of the Rus'." | eng_Latn | 11,542 |
motor definition anatomy | motor, n pertaining to a muscle, nerve, or center that produces or affects movement. motor neuron, n one of the various efferent nerve cells that transmit nerve impulses from the brain or from the spinal cord to muscular or glandular tissue. the entity consisting of the lower motor neuron, motor end-plate, and muscle fibers supplied by the end-plate. The final motor activity resulting from a sequence of stimulations to the lower motor neuron is considered a function of the motor unit. | 1. electric motor-a motor that converts electricity to mechanical work. armature-coil in which voltage is induced by motion through a magnetic field. brush-conducts current between rotating and stationary parts of a generator or motor. | eng_Latn | 11,543 |
How many pins does a processor have? | How many pins are there in processor? | What are the main parts of brain and how do they function? | eng_Latn | 11,544 |
what is asmr | If so, then you have probably experienced Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response, or ASMR. ASMR can be simply described as a narrow range of physiological responses to a wide variety of stimuli. The responses and stimuli of ASMR can be classified as follows: The response usually includes: | What is ASMR? There may be more than one meaning of ASMR, so check it out all meanings of ASMR. one by one. ASMR definition / ASMR means? The Definition of ASMR is given above so check it out related information. What is the meaning of ASMR? The meaning of the ASMR is also explained earlier. Till now you might have got some idea about the acronym, abbreviation or meaning of ASMR. What does ASMR mean? is explained earlier. You might also like some similar terms related to ASMR to know more about it. | eng_Latn | 11,545 |
what is unit is ps | PS. 1. Short for power supply and sometimes abbreviated as PSU, which is short for Power Supply Unit. A power supply is an internal hardware component that supplies components in a computer with power. The power supply converts a 110-115 or 220-230 volt alternating current (AC) into a steady low-voltage direct current (DC) usable by the computer and rated by the number of watts it generates. | The postsynaptic density (PSD) is a cytoskeletal specialization at neuronal synapses that was originally identified as an electron-dense region at the membrane of a postsynaptic neuron, as viewed by electron microscopy.SDs are sized on the order of 0.25 to 0.5 micrometres in diameter and 0.025 to 0.05 micrometres in thickness, depending on the activity state of the synapse. Many proteins in the PSD are involved in the regulation of synaptic function. | eng_Latn | 11,546 |
FIRST-ORDER PHASE TRANSITION IN EUROPIUM METAL. | Magnetic properties of Dy nano-islands on graphene | No association of HLA–DRB1 and TNF alleles in Mexican patients with autoimmune hepatitis | yue_Hant | 11,547 |
Condensed phases of gases inside nanotube bundles | dsorption of N 2 , CH 4 , CO and CO 2 gases in single walled carbon nanotubes : A ombined experimental and Monte Carlo molecular simulation study | Completely Stale Transmitter Channel State Information is Still Very Useful | eng_Latn | 11,548 |
1. Elderly tenants of housing projects are "aging in place" and increasingly need more supportive services. 2. The link between housing and health for the elderly is not recognized. 3. Elders differ on how declining health and disability should be managed in housing projects. 4. Fostering participation in decision making is health promoting. | PURPOSE ::: The purpose of this article is to discuss the benefits and limitations of, and considerations in, developing a typology of assisted living (AL). ::: ::: ::: DESIGN AND METHODS ::: We conducted a review and comparison of nine AL typologies drawn from the literature. ::: ::: ::: RESULTS ::: Typologies addressed matters related to the structure, process, population, and philosophy of AL to varying degrees. A lack of available data and different sampling frames hindered attempts to quantitatively compare the typologies. ::: ::: ::: IMPLICATIONS ::: Typologies are potentially useful for consumers, practitioners, policy makers, and researchers. It is advisable to identify state-based typologies and then empirically determine types that have national representation. Stakeholders should consider the tradeoff between sensitivity and specificity and allow any resulting typology to anticipate ongoing evolution in the field of AL. | We report enhancement of the mechanical stability of graphene through a one-step method to disperse gold nanoparticles on the pristine graphene without any added agent. | eng_Latn | 11,549 |
Heterogeneous melting of methane confined in nano-pores | The melting transition of methane adsorbed in nanopores has been studied and compared in two types of structures: carbon slits pores and square shaped channels. We show that the nano-confinement not only modifies the temperatures of phase transformation but also induces strong space heterogeneity of the adsorbate. We emphasize the role of the structural heterogeneity on the mechanism of melting: in nanometric pores, each adsorbed layer exhibits different mechanisms of structural transformation and the notion of a unique transition temperature is not well defined. | Highly ordered mesoporous NiFe2O4 with excellent microwave absorption properties has been synthesized by using mesoporous silica (KIT-6) as a hard template. | eng_Latn | 11,550 |
Growth of Pt Nanowires by Atomic Layer Deposition on Highly Ordered Pyrolytic Graphite | The formation of Pt nanowires (NWs) by atomic layer deposition on highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) is investigated. Pt is deposited only at the step edges of HOPG and not on the basal planes, leading to the formation of laterally aligned Pt NWs. A growth model involving a morphological transition from 0-D to 1-D structures via coalescence is presented. The width of the NWs grows at a rate greater than twice the vertical growth rate. This asymmetry is ascribed to the wetting properties of Pt on HOPG as influenced by the formation of graphene oxide. A difference in Pt growth kinetics based on crystallographic orientation may also contribute. | Ternary solvent mixtures with two mutually miscible and one immiscible solvent pairings often exhibit persistent scattering profiles corresponding to mesoscale structure formation. Despite the morphological information on such mesostructures via extensive scattering measurements and simulation, the origin of these mesostructures, why they persist over a wide composition range, and why they appear around the plait point have remained a mystery. Here we answer all these questions through constructing a fundamental molecular thermodynamic theory, by utilizing thermodynamic stability, scattering and the fluctuation solution theory. The plait point condition, when interpreted via differential geometry, is shown to be the origin of the large structure factor persistent over a wide composition range. | eng_Latn | 11,551 |
Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Hybrid Graphene Nanoribbons with Zigzag-Armchair Heterojunctions | Inspired by the experimentally observed zigzag-armchair graphene nanoribbon heterojunctions, we constructed a new class of infinitely long hybrid graphene nanoribbons (HGNRs), and systematically investigated their electronic and magnetic properties by means of spin-polarized first-principles computations. HGNRs are converted from nonmagnetic semiconductors to magnetic semiconductors by increasing the length of zigzag segments. In particular, half metallicity can be achieved in HGNRs under external transverse electric fields. These results suggest that the introduction of armchair “impurity” will not affect the desired electronic and magnetic properties of zigzag graphene nanoribbons. | For a Zariski general (regular) hypersurface V of degree M in the \((M+1)\)-dimensional projective space, where \(M\geqslant 16\), with at most quadratic singularities of rank \(\geqslant 13\), we give a complete description of the structures of rationally connected (or Fano-Mori) fibre space: every such structure over a positive-dimensional base is a pencil of hyperplane sections. This implies, in particular, that V is non-rational and its groups of birational and biregular automorphisms coincide: \(\mathrm{Bir} V = \mathrm{Aut} V\). The set of non-regular hypersurfaces has codimension at least \(\frac{1}{2}(M-11)(M-10)-10\) in the natural parameter space. | eng_Latn | 11,552 |
Correction to Fast Modulation of Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers Using Graphene Loaded Plasmonic Antennas | Highly air stable passivation of graphene based field effect devices | The Mediatorless Electroanalytical Sensing of Sulfide Utilizing Unmodified Graphitic Electrode Materials | eng_Latn | 11,553 |
The structural evolution of multi-layer graphene stacks in carbon fibers under load at high temperature - A synchrotron radiation study | The influence of thermo-hygro-mechanical treatment on the micro- and nanoscale architecture of wood cell walls using small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering | No Detectable Broad-Scale Effect of Livestock Grazing on Soil Blue-Carbon Stock in Salt Marshes | eng_Latn | 11,554 |
Structural and electronic properties of nickelate heterostructures | Digital modulation of the nickel valence state in a cuprate-nickelate heterostructure | Size control of gold nanocrystals in citrate reduction: the third role of citrate. | eng_Latn | 11,555 |
Accurate particle size distribution determination by nanoparticle tracking analysis based on 2-D Brownian dynamics simulation. | A Cluster-Based Method for Improving Analysis of Polydisperse Particle Size Distributions Obtained by Nanoparticle Tracking | The Economics of the Non-Distribution Constraint: A Critical Reappraisal | eng_Latn | 11,556 |
Characterization of nuclear graphite elastic properties using laser ultrasonic methods | New Opportunities in Ultrasonic Characterization of Stiffness Anisotropy in Composite Materials | Nuclear localization of the CK2α-subunit correlates with poor prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma | eng_Latn | 11,557 |
Raman cross section for the pentagonal-pinch mode in buckminsterfullerene C60 | Differential Raman backscattering cross sections of black carbon nanoparticles | Optimization of nucleation and buffer layer growth for improved GaN quality | eng_Latn | 11,558 |
Contrasting Elastic Properties of Heavily B- and N-doped Graphene, with Random Distributions Including Aggregates | Efficacious Form for Model Pseudopotentials | The Mediatorless Electroanalytical Sensing of Sulfide Utilizing Unmodified Graphitic Electrode Materials | eng_Latn | 11,559 |
Electronic structure of twinning superlattices | Inducing imperfections in germanium nanowires | Dissipative Chaos in Semiconductor Superlattices | eng_Latn | 11,560 |
Observations of two-fold shell filling and Kondo effect in a graphene nano-ribbon quantum dot device | From one electron to one hole: quasiparticle counting in graphene quantum dots determined by electrochemical and plasma etching. | Anomalous Kondo resonance mediated by semiconducting graphene nanoribbons in a molecular heterostructure | eng_Latn | 11,561 |
Thermal work function shifts for polycrystalline metal surfaces | Advances in Thermionic Energy Conversion through Single-Crystal n-Type Diamond | An improved PSO technique for short-term optimal hydrothermal scheduling | eng_Latn | 11,562 |
Materials science: Super carbon | Fabrication and characterization of aluminum hybrid composites reinforced with silicon nitride/graphene nanoplatelet binary particles | Inability of the Submaximal Treadmill Stress Test to Predict the Location of Coronary Disease | eng_Latn | 11,563 |
Hydration-Responsive Folding and Unfolding in Graphene Oxide Liquid Crystal Phases | A new era for liquid crystal research: Applications of liquid crystals in soft matter nano-, bio- and microtechnology | Expression of Olig2, Nestin, NogoA and AQP4 have no impact on overall survival in IDH-wildtype glioblastoma | eng_Latn | 11,564 |
' s personal copy Graphene-based transparent strain sensor | Introduction to solid state physics / by Charles Kittel | Motion Prediction with Artificial Neural Networks Using Wearable Strain Sensors Based on Flexible Thin Graphite Films | eng_Latn | 11,565 |
Discretized Spatio-Temporal Scan Window | On detecting space-time clusters | New Synthesis of High-Quality Double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by High-Temperature Pulsed Arc Discharge | eng_Latn | 11,566 |
Highly uniform step and terrace structures on SiC(0001) surfaces | Ultrathin Epitaxial Graphite: 2D Electron Gas Properties and a Route toward Graphene-based Nanoelectronics | A new modified hyperchaotic Lü system | eng_Latn | 11,567 |
A Review on the Synergistic Features of Hexagonal Boron Nitride (White Graphene) as Adsorbent‐Photo Active Nanomaterial | From 2-D to 0-D Boron Nitride Materials, The Next Challenge | Identifying Carbon as the Source of Visible Single Photon Emission from Hexagonal Boron Nitride | eng_Latn | 11,568 |
Ultraflat bands and shear solitons in Moir\'e patterns of twisted bilayer transition metal dichalcogenides | Theory of Emergent Josephson Lattice in Neutral Twisted Bilayer Graphene (Moi\'re is Different) | A Novel Ultra-Wideband Monopole Antenna with Band-Stop Characteristic | eng_Latn | 11,569 |
Attenuation of hydrogen radicals traveling under flowing gas conditions through tubes of different materials | Fabrication of Nanolaminates with Ultrathin Nanolayers Using Atomic Layer Deposition: Nucleation & Growth Issues | Armchair Boron Nitride nanotubes—heterocyclic molecules interactions: A computational description | eng_Latn | 11,570 |
Raman Spectra of the carbon films by pulsed laser deposition using C60 target | Polymeric semiconducting carbon from fullerene by pulsed laser ablation | Null Mutation of α1D Ca2+ Channel Gene Results in Deafness but No Vestibular Defect in Mice | eng_Latn | 11,571 |
The aim of this paper is to develop on discrete models that reproduce the behavior of a crowd of people in several emergency evacuation situations. The first step in this study is to determine how to treat contacts between pedestrians. For that, three already existing discrete approaches, one smooth and two non-smooth, originally proposed to simulate the collisions of granular assemblies, are first analyzed both from the theoretical and the numerical point of view. The solving algorithms are presented and the numerical formulation of the two non-smooth approaches is compared to standard plasticity in order to point out the common theoretical framework. The next step is to adapt these discrete approaches to represent pedestrians. The key point is to introduce a “willingness” for each particle through a specific desired velocity. These adapted discrete approaches are able to handle local interactions, like pedestrian-pedestrian or pedestrian-obstacle contacts, in order to reproduce the global dynamic of pedestrian traffic. Finally, results of several simulations in emergency configurations are presented as well as compared to real exercise ones. | Following the approach initially proposed in Maury & Venel [30, 31], we consider here crowd motion from the standpoint of granular media, and we investigate how theoretical and numerical tools in non-smooth analysis can help better understanding some paradoxical features. We shall be especially interested in evacuation processes, jams, and we will detail how the granular nature of the flow helps to understand two well-known phenomena, the so-called " Faster is Slower " effect, and " Stop-and-Go " waves. | We report enhancement of the mechanical stability of graphene through a one-step method to disperse gold nanoparticles on the pristine graphene without any added agent. | eng_Latn | 11,572 |
Gold clusters were produced by condensing evaporated gold in nanometer-sized preformed pits on the surface of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG). The height of the clusters was 6.7 ± 0.7 nm as measured with scanning tunneling microscopy in ultrahigh vacuum, the lateral width was 10.1 ± 1.9 nm as determined with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Using TEM for electron diffraction, we obtained information on the crystalline structure of the clusters. The intensity of the observed diffraction rings shows the preferential orientation of the clusters with the (111) plane of the gold lattice parallel to the (0001) surface of HOPG. This was compared to the diffraction pattern of gold clusters produced in the gas phase by inert-gas evaporation and deposited on a flat HOPG surface at room temperature as complete units which showed no preferential orientation. The directional alignment in the surface plane as it is described in the literature for larger gold crystallites grown on a flat HOPG surface is not observed for the nanometer-sized clusters grown in pits. | Nanostructures of gold electrodeposited on silicon (100) substrate with two electrode homemade cell were investigated. In this paper we report our experimental results of goldelectroplating using a sulfite-based electrolyte instead of toxic gold-cyanide. The used electrolyte was safe and friendly environmental. Film thickness as a function of current density and deposition rate were calculated using gravity method. An empirical formula was satisfied the expected deposition thicknesses. Deposition rate of ≈ 5-40nm/ min was achieved. Au (111) structure for gold nanofilm was characterized by XRD. Morphology of gold film deposited was investigated with AFM. Morphology of Au thin films on silicon shows nanosize particles after annealing process at 600°C. | With the continuous expansion of the cloud computing platform scale and rapid growth of users and applications, how to efficiently use system resources to improve the overall performance of cloud computing has become a crucial issue. To address this issue, this paper proposes a method that uses an analytic hierarchy process group decision (AHPGD) to evaluate the load state of server nodes. Training was carried out by using a hybrid hierarchical genetic algorithm (HHGA) for optimizing a radial basis function neural network (RBFNN). The AHPGD makes the aggregative indicator of virtual machines in cloud, and become input parameters of predicted RBFNN. Also, this paper proposes a new dynamic load balancing scheduling algorithm combined with a weighted round-robin algorithm, which uses the predictive periodical load value of nodes based on AHPPGD and RBFNN optimized by HHGA, then calculates the corresponding weight values of nodes and makes constant updates. Meanwhile, it keeps the advantages and avoids the shortcomings of static weighted round-robin algorithm. | eng_Latn | 11,573 |
Jean-Marie Tarascon ponders on the value of lithium, an element known for about 200 years, whose importance is now fast increasing in view of the promises it holds for energy storage and electric cars. | Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) are attracting tremendous attention due to the abundant potassium resources and their low price and high safety. However, the main problem faced by KIBs is the lack of high-capacity and high-stability materials for the intercalation/deintercalation of large-sized K ions. Graphite, alloying-dealloying materials, transition metal chalcogenides, etc. have been reported as KIBs anodes; however, neither the capacity nor the stability is satisfactory. In this work, CoS/N-doped carbon core/shell nanocrystals (CSNCs) were synthesized as a superior anode for boosting the performance in the aspects of capacity, rate performance, and cycling stability. This CSNCs feature with small-sized CoS of 20–30 nm as the core and N-doped amorphous carbon as the shell. The small-sized particles can buffer the volume change due to the reduction of stress in particle dimensions after the intercalation of alkali ions. The flexible carbon shell can overcome the agglomeration of small particles and meanwhile confine the active CoS particles in case of crack and pulverization after large volume expansion. As a consequence, the CSNCs exhibit a high capacity of 303 mAh g−1 at the current density of 0.2 A g−1 after 150 cycles. | Berzelius failed to make use of Faraday's electrochemical laws in his laborious determination of equivalent weights. | eng_Latn | 11,574 |
We measured two-dimensional distributions of Ti and Ti+ densities in magnetron sputtering plasmas by laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) imaging spectroscopy. It has been found that the production of Ti+ is enhanced by a high gas pressure. The peak of the Ti+ density is located at a distance of 4–5 cm from the target surface, indicating the gas-phase production of Ti+ in the downstream plasma. Since the plasma density and the electron temperature measured using a Langmuir probe are low in the downstream plasma, this result suggests that the dominant production process of Ti+ is not electron impact ionization of Ti (Ti+e→Ti+e+e). Although another candidate for the gas-phase production of Ti+ is Penning ionization (Ti+ArM→Ti++Ar+e), experimental results on ArM is negative about the contribution of Penning ionization to the gas-phase production of Ti+. | During the fabrication of ultra large scale integrated (ULSI) circuits, Ti and TiN thin films are used as diffusion seed and barrier layers in Cu metal contacts. They are often deposited using magnetron sputtering technique where energetic ions bombard the target surface to release the target material. In ionized physical vapor deposition (IPVD) system, the sputtered atoms are ionized in the plasma and thus accelerated into narrow trenches for Ti and TiN thin film fabrication. In IPVD, the density of ionized sputter Ti atom and Ar discharge gas may be at the same range. Therefore, the self-sputtering effect from ionized sputter Ti atoms is important. In the present work, the sputtering yields of Ti and TiN target materials with 100–800 eV at normal incident Ar and Ti ions are calculated. In addition, the influence of N ions in TiN sputtering is also considered. The simulation results are calculated from TRIM, which is a vectorized Monte Carlo code simulation of ion-surface interaction using a binary collision mode. The depth phenomenon of sputtered target incident is also discussed. | We report enhancement of the mechanical stability of graphene through a one-step method to disperse gold nanoparticles on the pristine graphene without any added agent. | eng_Latn | 11,575 |
Recent years have witnessed significant development of flexible strain sensors in a variety of fields. Nevertheless, the challenge of integrating a broad sensing range (>50%) with a high sensitivity (GF value >100 over the entire sensing strain) in one single flexible strain sensor still exists. Herein, we prepared a flexible strain sensor based on braided graphene belts (BGBs) and dragon skin. Such a BGBs strain sensor exhibits an integration of wide sensing range (up to 55.55%) and high sensitivity (GF value>175.16 through the entire working range). Besides, this BGBs strain sensor also demonstrates minute monitoring limit (0.01%), low hysteresis and overshoot behaviors, and reliable cycling repeatability (>6000 cycles). The SEM microscopy observations reveal that the skew angle and intersection regions of graphene belts are mainly responsible for the desirable sensing performance. Finally, the successful detection of full-range human motions, from subtle actions to vigorously joints-related movements, reflects great potential of the BGBs strain sensor in the application of wearable instrument. | Graphene-based strain sensors have attracted much attention recently. Usually, there is a trade-off between the sensitivity and resistance of such devices, while larger resistance devices have higher energy consumption. In this paper, we report a tuning of both sensitivity and resistance of graphene strain sensing devices by tailoring graphene nanostructures. For a typical piezoresistive nanographene film with a sheet resistance of ∼100 KΩ/□, a gauge factor of more than 600 can be achieved, which is 50× larger than those in previous studies. These films with high sensitivity and low resistivity were also transferred on flexible substrates for device integration for force mapping. Each device shows a high gauge factor of more than 500, a long lifetime of more than 104 cycles, and a fast response time of less than 4 ms, suggesting a great potential in electronic skin applications. | We prove that groups acting geometrically on delta-quasiconvex spaces contain no essential Baumslag-Solitar quotients as subgroups. This implies that they are translation discrete, meaning that the translation numbers of their nontorsion elements are bounded away from zero. | eng_Latn | 11,576 |
The growth of lithium microstructures during battery cycling has, to date, prohibited the use of Li metal anodes and raises serious safety concerns even in conventional lithium-ion rechargeable batteries, particularly if they are charged at high rates. The electrochemical conditions under which these Li microstructures grow have, therefore, been investigated by in situ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and susceptibility calculations. Lithium metal symmetric bag cells containing LiPF6 in EC/DMC electrolytes were used. Distinct 7Li NMR resonances were observed due to the Li metal bulk electrodes and microstructures, the changes in peak positions and intensities being monitored in situ during Li deposition. The changes in the NMR spectra, observed as a function of separator thickness and porosity (using Celgard and Whatmann glass microfiber membranes) and different applied pressures, were correlated with changes in the type of microstructure, by using SEM. Isotopically en... | Batteries for electrical storage are central to any future alternative energy paradigm. The ability to probe the redox mechanisms occurring at electrodes during their operation is essential to improve battery performances. Here we present the first report on Electron Paramagnetic Resonance operando spectroscopy and in situ imaging of a Li-ion battery using Li 2 Ru 0.75 Sn 0.25 O 3 , a high-capacity (4270 mAh g A 1) Li-rich layered oxide, as positive electrode. By monitoring operando the electron paramagnetic resonance signals of Ru 5 þ and paramagnetic oxygen species, we unambiguously prove the formation of reversible (O 2) n A species that contribute to their high capacity. In addition, we visualize by imaging with micrometric resolution the plating/stripping of Li at the negative electrode and highlight the zones of nucleation and growth of Ru 5 þ /oxygen species at the positive electrode. This efficient way to locate 'electron'-related phenomena opens a new area in the field of battery characterization that should enable future breakthroughs in battery research. | We report enhancement of the mechanical stability of graphene through a one-step method to disperse gold nanoparticles on the pristine graphene without any added agent. | eng_Latn | 11,577 |
A review of the epitaxial growth of metals in high and ultra-high vacuum leading to single-crystal films is presented. The conditions for obtaining such films are described and tabulated for two groups of substrates: (i) metals, Si, Ge (strong interfacial bonding) and (ii) alkali halides and MgO cleavage faces (weak interfacial bonding). Information on the crystal defects and their relation with the growth parameters and annealing procedures is also given. | The continuous pursuit of miniaturization in the electronics and optoelectronics industry demands all device components with smaller size and higher performance, in which thin metal film is one heart material as conductive electrodes. However, conventional metal films are typically polycrystalline with random domain orientations and various grain boundaries, which greatly degrade their mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. Hence, it is highly demanded to produce single-crystal metal films with epitaxy in an appealing route. Traditional epitaxy on non-metal single-crystal substrates has difficulty in exfoliating away due to the formation of chemical bonds. Newly developed epitaxy on single-crystal graphene enables the easy exfoliation of epilayers but the annealing temperature must be high (typical 500–1,000 °C and out of the tolerant range of integrated circuit technology) due to the relative weak interfacial interactions. Here we demonstrate the facile production of 6-inch transferable high-quality Pd(111) films on single-crystal hybrid graphene/Cu(111) substrate with CMOS-compatible annealing temperature of 150 °C only. The interfacial interaction between Pd and hybrid graphene/Cu(111) substrate is strong enough to enable the low-temperature epitaxy of Pd(111) films and weak enough to facilitate the easy film release from substrate. The obtained Pd(111) films possess superior properties to polycrystalline ones with ~ 0.25 eV higher work function and almost half sheet resistance. This technique is proved to be applicable to other metals, such as Au and Ag. As the single-crystal graphene/Cu(111) substrates are obtained from industrial Cu foils and accessible in meter scale, our work will promote the massive applications of large-area high-quality metal films in the development of next-generation electronic and optoelectronic devices. | We have demonstrated GaAs single-junction solar cells on epi-ready low-cost flexible metal tape and studied the impact of hydrogen passivation. In our process, single-crystalline-like germanium films are grown on flexible metal tape over which epitaxial (Al)GaAs semiconductor thin films are grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). As-deposited GaAs comprises of micrometer-sized grains with a high density of low-angle grain boundaries ( OC ) was found to increase from 380mV to 806mV and leakage current was reduced by two orders of magnitude after passivation. | eng_Latn | 11,578 |
The detachment and migration of Au catalyst seeds in the Au-assisted growth of GaN nanowires are observed to be controlled by the partial pressure of gallium and nitrogen radicals in the plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition system. The migration rate of Au catalyst increases with increasing the gallium vapor pressure during the growth. With the increasing gallium partial pressure, the compositions of gallium in the Au−Ga seeds of nanowires increase, which dramatically enhances the instability and the detaching of Au seeds during the growth. Besides, the gallium atoms adsorbed on the nanowire surface may act as a surfactant to facilitate the Au migration. Therefore, the increase of gallium partial pressure increases the amount of gallium atoms adsorbed on the nanowire surface and further enhances the rate of Au migration along the nanowire. On the other hand, with the increase of gas phase nitrogen radical concentration, an increasing amount of nitrogen atoms can be adsorbed on the nanowire surface to... | Simultaneous epitaxial growth of film and nanowire array on a substrate is of both scientific significance and practical importance for nanoscale optoelectronics. Nevertheless, in situ building conducting connection between individually isolated nanowires grown on insulating substrates is still challenging. Herein, we demonstrate a novel and facile strategy for the simultaneous epitaxial growth of nonpolar a-plane ZnO film and obliquely aligned nanowire array on Au-coated r-plane sapphire substrate. The morphology, structure, components, and optical properties of the as-synthesized ZnO nanostructures were investigated using field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, field-emission transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. A cooperative growth mechanism is proposed: Au-catalyzed vapor transport initiates the co-occurrence of nonpolar a-plane and polar c-plane ZnO nuclei, and subsequently, the non-upward directed Au catalyst helps the nonpolar a-plane ZnO nuclei develop into a ZnO conductive film at the bottom and zinc self-catalyzed vapor–liquid–solid growth helps the polar c-plane ZnO nuclei develop simultaneously into obliquely aligned nanowire arrays. The proposed strategy realized in situ synthesis of nanowires with conductive connection and it can benefit the application of ZnO nanowires in optoelectronics. | We report enhancement of the mechanical stability of graphene through a one-step method to disperse gold nanoparticles on the pristine graphene without any added agent. | eng_Latn | 11,579 |
An easy method for synthesizing highly nitrogen-enriched graphitic carbon was developed and its hydrogen storage capacity was explored. The synthesis method uses a solution-based, stepwise condensation reaction between cyanuric chloride and melamine at low temperature (e.g., 0, 25, and 120 °C) and ambient pressure using conventional glassware without the need for an autoclave vessel. The physical and chemical structure of the synthesized highly nitrogen-enriched graphitic carbon was investigated by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy, elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, and electron energy loss spectroscopy. The analyzes confirmed that the product has a highly crystalline nitrogen-enriched graphitic structure ( d 002 = 0.324 nm) with a carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of 1:1.12 (>50 atomic% nitrogen content). The material was determined to have an excellent hydrogen storage capacity of 0.34 wt% at room temperature under 100 bar in spite of its low BET surface area of only ∼10 m 2 /g. | The systemic study of the electronic transport (ET) properties of transition metal (TM) functionalized graphene was done with the aid of self-consistent charge density functional based tight binding (DFTB) method. Results show that among the TM considered, Silver metal adsorbed in the surface of graphene and its lower dimensional analogue zigzag graphene nanoribbon (ZGNR) can open its gapless bandstructure. This can be attributed to the breaking of bond and inversion symmetry. Further, the inherent effect of phonons (lattice vibrations) on the transport properties Ag-adsorbed ZGNR were investigated based on DFTB molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Results show that excellent ET properties can be attributed to the Ag and ZGNR interaction. In addition, due to the unceasing lattice vibration of the Ag/ZGNR, the ET changes. Knowledge about the quantum of vibration at temperature T is quite important to elucidate its role governing the resulting ET. As the phonon having shorter wave length significantly increases at elevated temperatures, the corresponding forward bias voltage across the Ag/ZGNR increases. There is an increase in the conductance of vibrating Ag/ZGNR at elevated temperatures. A single-gated field effect transistor based on Ag-adsorbed ZGNR can act as a potential semiconductor for modern electronic applications. | Channel Hot Carrier (CHC) degradation on uniaxially strained pMOS and nMOS samples with different S/D materials has been analyzed. The results show that the CHC damage is larger in the strained samples in comparison with the unstrained devices, and increases with the temperature. | eng_Latn | 11,580 |
Gas sensing can be performed by fingerprinting their field ionization characteristics. This paper presents the development of a miniaturized ionization sensor using ion-track etched polyimide as structural layer and template for Ni nanowires synthesis. The device consists in two parallel plate electrodes with gaps varying from 5 to 12 μm. The nanowires impact on breakdown voltage has been analyzed during first electrical characterizations and I-V curves measurements. For a 5.5 μm-gap, breakdown voltage is reduced from 320 to 80 V with a corresponding current at least three order of magnitude lower. Using the sensor in harsh environments such as space applications is also discussed. Miniaturized ionization sensors are powerful candidates as integrated universal gas sensor based on pattern recognition for environmental monitoring. Such a system should be easily integrated in picosatellites such as CubeSats dedicated to the physical analysis of low thermosphere composition. | We present and model a miniaturized field ionization sensor associated with a MEMS actuation system. The sensor consists in parallel plates spaced by a few micrometers and metal nanowires added to one of the electrodes in order to enhance the electric field. A split bottom electrode is used to differentiate between the ionization field monitoring and the electrostatically-actuated gap spacing. Such device is aimed at gas sensing, whereas the tunable electrode spacing replaces the sensor array including several gaps required for gas mixture analysis. Finite element numerical simulations performed with COMSOL Multiphysics® indicate the existence of an optimal distance for both maximizing electrical field enhancement and minimizing interference between the two electric fields. Electrical measurements are focused on the I–V characteristics of ambient air. The influence of gap variation on the breakdown voltage is consistent with the theoretical analysis of the modified Paschen's law, considering direct electron field emission at microscale interelectrode gaps. | We report enhancement of the mechanical stability of graphene through a one-step method to disperse gold nanoparticles on the pristine graphene without any added agent. | eng_Latn | 11,581 |
The kinetics of electrochemical nucleation and three-dimensional growth of β-LiAl during lithium incorporation into aluminum and its alloys with Mg and Si in propylene carbonate solution of 0.5 M LiClO 4 were studied. The alloying components modify the kinetics of lithium incorporation and β-LiAl nucleation: thus Mg and Si impede electrochemical incorporation of lithium and reduce the delay preceding the nucleation of β-phase, respectively. Nuclei formation of β-LiAl obeys a power law. An approximate model for such a process is suggested to explain compared parameters for the nucleation of β-LiAl on the series of substrates studied. | The article describes a method of electroerosion dispersion and presents the results of the observed size distribution of aluminium particles in distilled water. The experiments proved that the average size of the particles is 28.5 micrometers, the arithmetic value is 28.503 micrometers, the specific surface area is 16.266.5 cm2/sec3, the elongation factor of 25.489-micrometer-particles is 1.245, which indicates the spherical shape of the powdered aluminium particles. | We report enhancement of the mechanical stability of graphene through a one-step method to disperse gold nanoparticles on the pristine graphene without any added agent. | eng_Latn | 11,582 |
We have investigated two metallic and one semiconducting individual single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) and one bundle of two semiconducting nanotubes with a diameter range 1.1−2.9 nm with Raman spectroscopy and low-temperature electric transport measurements. With these two methods, we obtain mutually independent measurements on the basic properties of a specific nanotube. In particular, we obtain data on metallic and semiconducting properties. Evidence of a small band gap for one metallic tube was obtained. For the semiconducting SWNTs with diameters of 2.7−2.9 nm, a special resonance condition was observed which causes an anomalous intensity ratio for the two components of the G-band. This effect has been observed previously for a few tubes with a diameter of 1.6 nm (Jorio, A; et al. Phys. Rev. B 2002, 65, 155412), and our current findings are in agreement with the previously given explanation of the effect and suggest that the effect is common among thick SWNTs. We also obtain evidence that the curr... | Femtosecond four-wave-mixing (FWM) experiments of individual suspended semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are presented. The chiral indices of the tubes were determined by electron diffraction as (28,14) and (24,14) having diameters of 2.90 and 2.61 nm, respectively. The diameter and semiconducting character of the tubes were additionally confirmed by resonance Raman measurements. The FWM signal showed electronic response from the SWCNTs. The results demonstrate that ultrafast dynamics of individual SWCNTs can be studied by FWM spectroscopies. | Femtosecond four-wave-mixing (FWM) experiments of individual suspended semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are presented. The chiral indices of the tubes were determined by electron diffraction as (28,14) and (24,14) having diameters of 2.90 and 2.61 nm, respectively. The diameter and semiconducting character of the tubes were additionally confirmed by resonance Raman measurements. The FWM signal showed electronic response from the SWCNTs. The results demonstrate that ultrafast dynamics of individual SWCNTs can be studied by FWM spectroscopies. | eng_Latn | 11,583 |
Single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) films show significant promise for transparent electronics applications that demand mechanical flexibility, but durability remains an outstanding issue. In this work, thin membranes of length purified single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are uniaxially and isotropically compressed by depositing them on prestrained polymer substrates. Upon release of the strain, the topography, microstructure, and conductivity of the films are characterized using a combination of optical/fluorescence microscopy, light scattering, force microscopy, electron microscopy, and impedance spectroscopy. Above a critical surface mass density, films assembled from nanotubes of well-defined length exhibit a strongly nonlinear mechanical response. The measured strain dependence reveals a dramatic softening that occurs through an alignment of the SWCNTs normal to the direction of prestrain, which at small strains is also apparent as an anisotropic increase in sheet resistance along the same directio... | The coupling between mechanical flexibility and electronic performance is evaluated for thin films of metallic and semiconducting single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) deposited on compliant supports. Percolated networks of type-purified SWCNTs are assembled as thin conducting coatings on elastic polymer substrates, and the sheet resistance is measured as a function of compression and cyclic strain through impedance spectroscopy. The wrinkling topography, microstructure and transparency of the films are independently characterized using optical microscopy, electron microscopy, and optical absorption spectroscopy. Thin films made from metallic SWCNTs show better durability as flexible transparent conductive coatings, which we attribute to a combination of superior mechanical performance and higher interfacial conductivity. | High-temperature methane infiltration of thin, free-standing films of acid-treated single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) has been studied by means of scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. In the early stages of infiltration, carbon nuclei form predominantly at SWCNT bundle intersections. Further growth proceeds via the formation of graphite nanosheets – without further influence of the nanotube support. Both sheet edges and their structural imperfections act as reaction centers for subsequent deposition, likely giving rise to autocatalytic deposition kinetics. In contrast, infiltration with a H2:CH4 (24:1) mixture leads to the reductive activation of residual Ni/Co impurities embedded in the precursor SWCNT-felt. This is associated with a different predominant carbon deposition mode in which multiwalled carbon nanotubes grow out from the substrate. | eng_Latn | 11,584 |
Engineering the structure of materials endows them with novel physical properties across a wide range of length scales. With high in-plane stiffness and strength, but low flexural rigidity, two-dimensional (2D) materials are excellent building blocks for nanostructure engineering. They can be easily bent and folded to build three-dimensional (3D) architectures. Taking advantage of the large lattice mismatch between the constituents, we demonstrate a 3D heterogeneous architecture combining a basal Bi2Se3 nanoplate and wavelike Bi2Te3 edges buckling up and down forming periodic ripples. Unlike 2D heterostructures directly grown on substrates, the solution-based synthesis allows the heterostructures to be free from substrate influence during the formation process. The balance between bending and in-plane strain energies gives rise to controllable rippling of the material. Our experimental results show clear evidence that the wavelengths and amplitudes of the ripples are dependent on both the widths and thick... | The properties of 2D materials can be broadly tuned through alloying and phase and strain engineering. Shape programmable materials offer tremendous functionality, but sub-micron objects are typically unachievable with conventional thin films. Here we propose a new approach, combining phase/strain engineering with shape programming, to form 3D objects by patterned alloying of 2D transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers. Conjugately, monolayers can be compositionally patterned using non-flat substrates. For concreteness, we focus on the TMD alloy MoSe$${}_{2c}$$S$${}_{2(1-c)}$$; i.e., MoSeS. These 2D materials down-scale shape/composition programming to nanoscale objects/patterns, provide control of both bending and stretching deformations, are reversibly actuatable with electric fields, and possess the extraordinary and diverse properties of TMDs. Utilizing a first principles-informed continuum model, we demonstrate how a variety of shapes/composition patterns can be programmed and reversibly modulated across length scales. The vast space of possible designs and scales enables novel material properties and thus new applications spanning flexible electronics/optics, catalysis, responsive coatings, and soft robotics. Current interest in tuning optoelectronic properties of two-dimensional materials focuses on phase and strain engineering. Here the authors propose a novel approach to achieve nanoscale composition/strain patterns and 3D objects with tailored properties using 2D transition metal dicalchogenide alloys. | Berzelius failed to make use of Faraday's electrochemical laws in his laborious determination of equivalent weights. | eng_Latn | 11,585 |
By now we all are familiar and understand, or think we understand, how evolution works on traits and characters – “survival of the fittest” and stuff like that. Heritable changes in traits and characters are a result of underlying changes at the level of DNA. What we are probably less acquainted with is how DNA itself changes and evolves. In this lecture we will explore the theme of molecular evolution, taking a look at how and why nucleotide and amino acid sequences evolve. | Recent studies have provided strong evidence for significant variation in rates of nucleotide substitution among evolutionary lineages. They have also provided evidence for germ-cell division as a major source of mutation (i.e. the generation-time effect hypothesis). Moreover, they have suggested the importance of differences in metabolic rate as a cause of rate variation. | We report enhancement of the mechanical stability of graphene through a one-step method to disperse gold nanoparticles on the pristine graphene without any added agent. | eng_Latn | 11,586 |
Recent discussions of "cultural China" (wenhua Zhongguo) raise a number of questions of definition. In particular I want to probe the ambiguous-the unfixed, unstable, and to some degree relative-quality that seems to me to inhere in two polarities that frequently inform these discussions: the polarity between center and periphery and that between internal and external. Doubtless it is my own multiple marginality that causes me to be particularly drawn to this aspect of the issue. As a white male I am anything but marginal. My marginality begins with my selfidentification as a Jew in a predominantly Christian society. It takes on additional layers of meaning with my professional involvement as an explainer of China in America and, especially over the past five to ten years, as an introducer/interpreter of American approaches to Chinese history in China.' | The number of territorially based identities, that every human being has, is countless. Tied with different scales and natures of territorial units, the clearest of them appear to be political, economical and cultural identities of macro-, meso- and microscale. What are possibly the most important territorial identities of the global province known as Europe? Could these determine the developing trend for all world or are they affected by globalization themselves? And what does look like the development of the identities of China, the claimed to be antagonist of the western civilization, in this light - similar, cross-different or something in between? | We report enhancement of the mechanical stability of graphene through a one-step method to disperse gold nanoparticles on the pristine graphene without any added agent. | eng_Latn | 11,587 |
We study asymptotically and numerically the fundamental gaps (i.e. the difference between the first excited state and the ground state) in energy and chemical potential of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE) -- nonlinear Schrodinger equation with cubic nonlinearity -- with repulsive interaction under different trapping potentials including box potential and harmonic potential. Based on our asymptotic and numerical results, we formulate a gap conjecture on the fundamental gaps in energy and chemical potential of the GPE on bounded domains with the homogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition, and in the whole space with a convex trapping potential growing at least quadratically in the far field. We then extend these results to the GPE on bounded domains with either the homogeneous Neumann boundary condition or periodic boundary condition. | We prove the convergence of the thermodynamic functions of a free boson gas for ad-dimensional (d=3,4,...) van Hove sequence of convex regions. The thermodynamic functions behave singularly at a critical densityρ c which is independent of the geometrical details of the sequence. We are led to define a second critical densityρ m depending on the geometrical details of the sequence. For densities betweenρ c andρ m none of the single particle states is macroscopically occupied. We derive a sufficient condition on the sequence such thatρ m =ρ c . | We report enhancement of the mechanical stability of graphene through a one-step method to disperse gold nanoparticles on the pristine graphene without any added agent. | eng_Latn | 11,588 |
Accessibility of simple gases in disordered carbons: theory and simulation | Influence of Structural Heterogeneity on Diffusion of CH4 and CO2 in Silicon Carbide-Derived Nanoporous Carbon | A new modified hyperchaotic Lü system | eng_Latn | 11,589 |
Aharonov-Bohm ring with fluctuating flux | Dephasing by electron-electron interactions in a ballistic Mach-Zehnder interferometer | Enhancing the energy spectrum of graphene quantum dot with external magnetic and Aharonov-Bohm flux fields | eng_Latn | 11,590 |
Confinement of Functionalized Graphene Sheets by Triblock Copolymers | Electrostatic force microscopy measurements of CdSe-PS nanoparticles and CdSe-PS/poly(styrene-b-butadiene-b-styrene) nanocomposites | Radar backscatter is not a 'direct measure' of forest biomass | eng_Latn | 11,591 |
Thin superlattices and band-gap discontinuities: The (110) diamond–boron nitride interface | Adhesion of the electrodes on diamond device surfaces | Dissipative Chaos in Semiconductor Superlattices | eng_Latn | 11,592 |
Conductance and Mechanical Properties of Atomic-Size Metallic Contacts: A Simple Model. | Effect of Nanocontacts on Transient States in Electrical Circuits | Associations of maternal material hardships during childhood and adulthood with prepregnancy weight, gestational weight gain, and postpartum weight retention. | eng_Latn | 11,593 |
Barrier inhomogeneity and electrical properties of InN nanodots/si heterojunction diodes | Explanation of the linear correlation between barrier heights and ideality factors of real metal-semiconductor contacts by laterally nonuniform Schottky barriers | Nanodielectrics: A panacea for solving all electrical insulation problems? | eng_Latn | 11,594 |
Four-fold Raman enhancement of 2D band in twisted bilayer graphene: evidence for a doubly degenerate Dirac band and quantum interference. | Wafer-scale synthesis of graphene by chemical vapor deposition and its application in hydrogen sensing | No association of HLA–DRB1 and TNF alleles in Mexican patients with autoimmune hepatitis | eng_Latn | 11,595 |
Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy for Potential Distribution Measurement of Cleaved Surface of GaAs Devices | Operando Analysis of Electron Devices Using Nanodiamond Thin Films Containing Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers | Resist hardening without surface deviation | eng_Latn | 11,596 |
Effect of Sliding History on Super-Low Friction of Diamond-Like Carbon Coating in Water Lubrication | Friction of diamond-like carbon films in different atmospheres | Friction of diamond-like carbon films in different atmospheres | eng_Latn | 11,597 |
Angle-Dependent Measurement of Near Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure of Annealing Effect on Local Structure of Focused-Ion-Beam Chemical Vapor Deposition Diamond-Like Carbon | Synthesis of single-layer graphene film by chemical vapor deposition with molten gallium catalyst on silicon dioxide | Oral spray wintertime vitamin D3 supplementation has no impact on inflammation in Gaelic footballers | eng_Latn | 11,598 |
Finite element analysis of contaminant transport in groundwater | Numerical correction for finite-difference solution of the advection—dispersion equation with reaction | Electronic transport in graphene: towards high mobility | eng_Latn | 11,599 |
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