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Same-Sign Charginos and Majorana Neutralinos at the LHC | We demonstrate the possibility of studying weakly interacting new particles in weak-boson fusion, using the example of supersymmetric same-sign charginos. This signal could establish the existence of Majorana neutralinos and give access to their electroweak couplings. It can be observed over (supersymmetric) QCD backgrounds provided the charginos are light and not too close to the squark mass. We finally show how same-sign fermion production can be distinguished from same-sign scalars or vectors arising in other models of new physics. | We discuss some recent phenomenological models for strong interactions based on the idea of gauge/string duality. A very good estimate for hadronic masses can be found by placing an infrared cut off in AdS space. Considering static strings in this geometry one can also reproduce the phenomenological Cornell potential for a quark anti-quark potential at zero temperature. Placing static strings in an AdS Schwarzschild space with an infrared cut off one finds a transition from a confining to a deconfining phase at some critical horizon radius (associated with temperature). | eng_Latn | 26,800 |
Design of Laser-Compton Spot Size Monitor | A new diagnostic method for measuring transverse size of electron beam by nondestructive interaction of Compton scattering of laser beam has been proposed. A first model of this spot size monitor is under construction for the FFTB -- SLAC experiment, in order to measure the electron beam size of 60 nanometer vertical by 1 micrometer horizontal, using Nd: YAG-laser of 1.064 {mu}m wavelength. In this paper, the design of the system, and essential and practical engineering problems are discussed. | The dependence of the differential cross section ${\mathrm{d}\sigma}/{\mathrm{d}p_{\perp}}$ of inclusive heavy quark production in pp and $\bar{\mathrm{p}}$p collisions on the renormalization and factorization scales is investigated. The implications of our results for experiments at TEVATRON and LHC are discussed. In particular, it is shown that the NLO QCD predictions for $\bar{t}t$ production at the LHC based on the Principle of Minimal Sensitivity are by 30-50% higher than the standard ones. | eng_Latn | 26,801 |
The history of dare and the status of unidirectionality | In this article the historical development of the English semimodal verb dare will be presented in the light of the grammaticalization of the other English modal verbs. In a current version of Chomsky's principles-and parameters framework we will investigate the morphosyntactic aspects of this process. Assuming that the modals in Old English are verbs that are generated in VP and subsequently move to a functional position, it will be argued that at the end of the Middle English period they were reanalyzed as functional elements generated in that same position. On the basis of the development of dare, which split into an auxiliary and a main verb, we will argue that grammaticalization is not necessarily a unidirectional process of language change. It characterizes the elimination of its synchronic instantiation, syntactic movement, and may bring about both grammatical and lexical elements | In Ref. [1] we proposed a model for Heterotic $F$-theory duality with Wilson line symmetry-breaking and a $4+1$ split of the $F$-theory spectral divisor. One goal of this note is to call attention to the existence of right-handed neutrinos in our $F$-theory model. As pointed out in Section 4 of Ref. [2] such existence may be evidence for the $U\left(1\right)_{X}$-symmetry that remains after the Higgsing of $E_{8}$ via \[ E_{8}\Rightarrow SU\left(5\right)_{gauge}\oplus\left[SU\left(4\right)\oplus U\left(1\right)_{X}\right]_{Higgs} \] occasioned by the $4+1$ split of the spectral divisor. In addition, as a result of the $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$-action that supports the Wilson line we argue that the $U\left(1\right)_{X}$-symmetry is, in fact, broken to $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$-matter parity. Finally we identify co-dimension $3$ singularities which determine Yukawa couplings for the MSSM matter fields. | eng_Latn | 26,802 |
Recent results from the LHCf experiment | The LHC-forward (LHCf) experiment, situated at the LHC accelerator, has measured neutral particles production in a very forward region (pseudo-rapidity > 8.4) in proton-proton and proton-lead collisions. The main purpose of the LHCf experiment is to test hadronic interaction models used in cosmic rays experiments to imulate cosmic rays induced air-showers in Earth’s atmosphere.The experiment is composed of two independent detectors located at 140m from the ATLAS interaction point (IP1) on opposite sides ; each detector is composed of two sampling calorimeters.Latest physics results from p-p and p-Pb collisions (at √ s = 7 TeV and 5.02 TeV respectively) will be discussed in this paper ; in particular, the inclusive energy spectra of neutrons in p-p collisions and the transverse momentum spectra of neutral pions for different pseudo-rapidity ranges in p-Pb collisions will be shown. | 4 pages.-- PACS numbers: 05.45.Xt, 87.10.+e.-- ArXiv pre-print: http://arxiv.org/abs/nlin.CD/0512009.-- Final full-text version of the paper available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.73.055202. | eng_Latn | 26,803 |
Pion induced reactions on light nuclei | A comparison is made of experimental results of pion scattering on /sup 4/He in the approximate energy range 20 to 280 MeV. Available data and a phase shift analysis are presented. (SDF) | The dependence of the differential cross section ${\mathrm{d}\sigma}/{\mathrm{d}p_{\perp}}$ of inclusive heavy quark production in pp and $\bar{\mathrm{p}}$p collisions on the renormalization and factorization scales is investigated. The implications of our results for experiments at TEVATRON and LHC are discussed. In particular, it is shown that the NLO QCD predictions for $\bar{t}t$ production at the LHC based on the Principle of Minimal Sensitivity are by 30-50% higher than the standard ones. | eng_Latn | 26,804 |
Interaction quench dynamics in the Kondo model in presence of a local magnetic field | In this work we investigate the quench dynamics in the Kondo model on the Toulouse line in the presence of a local magnetic field. It is shown that this setup can be realized by either applying the local magnetic field directly or by preparing the system in a macroscopically spin-polarized initial state. In the latter case, the magnetic field results from a subtlety in applying the bosonization technique where terms that are usually referred to as finite-size corrections become important in the present non-equilibrium setting. The transient dynamics are studied by analyzing exact analytical results for the local spin dynamics. The timescale for the relaxation of the local dynamical quantities turns out to be exclusively determined by the Kondo scale. In the transient regime, one observes damped oscillations in the local correlation functions with a frequency set by the magnetic field. | The dependence of the differential cross section ${\mathrm{d}\sigma}/{\mathrm{d}p_{\perp}}$ of inclusive heavy quark production in pp and $\bar{\mathrm{p}}$p collisions on the renormalization and factorization scales is investigated. The implications of our results for experiments at TEVATRON and LHC are discussed. In particular, it is shown that the NLO QCD predictions for $\bar{t}t$ production at the LHC based on the Principle of Minimal Sensitivity are by 30-50% higher than the standard ones. | eng_Latn | 26,805 |
The “Supercritical Pile ” Model of GRB: Thresholds, Polarization, Time Lags | The essence of the “Supercritical Pile” model is a process for converting the energy stored in the relativistic protons of a Relativistic Blast Wave (RBW) with Lorentz factor Γ into electron — positron pairs of similar Lorentz factor, while at the same time emitting most of the GRB luminosity at an energy Ep ≃ 1 MeV. This is achieved by scattering the synchrotron radiation emitted by the RBW in an upstream located “mirror” and then re‐intercepting it by the RBW. The repeated scatterings of radiation between the RBW and the “mirror”, along with the threshold of the pair production reaction pγ → pe−e+, lead to a maximum in the GRB luminosity at an energy Ep ≃ 1 MeV, independent of the value of Γ. Furthermore, the same threshold implies that the prompt γ‐ray emission is only possible for Γ larger than a minimum value, thereby providing a “natural” account for the termination of this stage of the GRB as the RBW slows down. Within this model the γ‐ray (E ∼ 100 keV – 1 MeV) emission process is due to Inverse Co... | In this paper we investigate the role of the high density effects in the heavy quark production cross section in $pA$ processes at RHIC and LHC. We use, as initial condition, a gluon distribution consistent with fixed target nuclear data and the Glauber-Mueller approach to describe the high density effects. We show that this process can be used as a probe of the presence of the high density effects. Moreover, we include these effects in the calculation of the heavy quark production in $AA$ collisions, verifying that they cannot be disregarded both in the estimates of quarkonium suppression and in the initial conditions of the quark-gluon plasma. | eng_Latn | 26,806 |
The reaction n + p → d + γ and the isospin structure of the strangeness: Conserving nonleptonic weak Hamiltonian☆ | The circular polarization P/sub gamma/ and angular asymmetry $alpha$ of the photons emitted in the reaction n+p$Yields$d+$gamma$ are computed in a covariant formalism within the framework of a composite-particle theory of the deuteron. The most important magnetic and electric dipole transition amplitudes in this radiative capture process are determined through a low-energy theorem. It is found that some of the proposed models for the strangeness-conserving nonleptonic weak Hamiltonian give variations on the ratio $alpha$/P/sub gamma/ of one or two orders of magnitude. (AIP) | We study in this paper the properties of a two-body random matrix ensemble for distinguishable spins. We require the ensemble to be invariant under the group of local transformations and analyze a parametrization in terms of the group parameters and the remaining parameters associated with the 'entangling' part of the interaction. We then specialize to a spin chain with nearest-neighbour interactions and numerically find a new type of quantum-phase transition related to the strength of a random external field, i.e. the time-reversal-breaking one-body interaction term. | eng_Latn | 26,807 |
Constituent quarks in the Standard Model | Tuning effect in particle masses manifests itself in integer relations between masses of leptons, quarks, meson and baryons. It includes also dimensionless relation between such well-known SM-parameters as masses of the muon and Z-boson, mμ/MZ=115.910−5 coinciding with the QED radiative correction α/2π=115.910−5 considered for the electron mass me by V. Belokurov and D. Shirkov. Integer presentation of particle masses (n=1,13,16,17,18,115) for values mμ, fπ, mπ, ΔMΔ, neutron mass and (n=3x16, n=3x18) for constituent quarks M"q=mp,mω/2=780 MeV and Mq=3ΔMΔ=mΞ/3=441 MeV were found with the period δ=16me. More accurate relations with δ were found from precise ratio mn/me=1838.6836605(11). The shift δmn=161.65(6) keV of neutron mass from 115δ-me accounts integer ratio δmN/δmn=8(1.0001(1)) with nucleon mass splitting. With fundamental boson masses the parameters Mq=3ΔMΔ=mΞ/3=441 MeV and M"q =mρ/2=388.8(2) MeV are in ratios MZ/Mq=LZ=206.8 and MW/M"q =LW=207.3 coinciding with lepton ratio L=mμ/me=1316-1=207. | We develop a simple example of Fedosov's method of constructing star products and we suggest a generalization of the method to the framework of Poisson supermanifolds. It is also shown how it is possible to construct a strict flabby quantization using Connes' concept of tangent groupoid. | eng_Latn | 26,808 |
Low-energy particle events and solar filament eruptions | Over the period from August 1978 to October 1982, several large low-energy (E < 1.6 Mev) proton events associated with interplanetary travelling disturbances observed at 1 AU by ISEE-3, appeared not to be triggered by solar flares. Six of them can be associated with filament eruptions as the source of the disturbances. We have made a comparative study of the particle fluxes in the interplanetary medium, as well as of the available H-alpha observations and X-ray and radio emission, between these events and those associated with disturbances generated by solar flares. | The dependence of the differential cross section ${\mathrm{d}\sigma}/{\mathrm{d}p_{\perp}}$ of inclusive heavy quark production in pp and $\bar{\mathrm{p}}$p collisions on the renormalization and factorization scales is investigated. The implications of our results for experiments at TEVATRON and LHC are discussed. In particular, it is shown that the NLO QCD predictions for $\bar{t}t$ production at the LHC based on the Principle of Minimal Sensitivity are by 30-50% higher than the standard ones. | eng_Latn | 26,809 |
Finding RR Lyrae Stars with SkyMapper: an Observational Test | SkyMapper operations are funded by the Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics of the Australian National University. Research conducted with SkyMapper is supported in part by grants from the Australian Research Council, most recently through ARC Laureate Fellowship FL0992131 and Discovery Projects grant DP120101237. | In this talk I summarize recent findings around the description of axial vector mesons as dynamically generated states from the interaction of pseudoscalar mesons and vector mesons, dedicating some attention to the two $K_1(1270)$ states. Then I review the generation of open and hidden charm scalar and axial states, and how some recent experiment supports the existence of the new hidden charm scalar state predicted. I present recent results showing that the low lying $1/2^+$ baryon resonances for S=-1 can be obtained as bound states or resonances of two mesons and one baryon in coupled channels. Then show the differences with the S=0 case, where the $N^*(1710)$ appears also dynamically generated from the two pion one nucleon system, but the $N^*(1440)$ does not appear, indicating a more complex structure of the Roper resonance. Finally I shall show how the state X(2175), recently discovered at BABAR and BES, appears naturally as a resonance of the $\phi K \bar{K}$ system. | kor_Hang | 26,810 |
Nrqed in Bound States: Applying Renormalization to an Effective Field Theory | This is a pedagogical introduction to NRQED, a low enery approximation of QED which can be made to reproduce QED to an arbitrary precision. It is especially useful when applied to nonrelativistic bound states. We start by explaining why QED is so difficult to apply to nr bound states, why NRQED makes it much simpler and then proceed to do an explicit calculation. We also briefly discuss what this can teach us about ``new'' physics beyond QED. This is based on a talk given at the XIV MRST meeting in Toronto. | We report Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) data for both the In(1) and In(2) sites in the heavy fermion material CeRhIn$_5$ under hydrostatic pressure. The Knight shift data reveal a suppression of the hyperfine coupling to the In(1) site as a function of pressure, and the electric field gradient, $\nu_{\alpha\alpha}$, at the In(2) site exhibits a change of slope, $d\nu_{\alpha\alpha}/dP$, at $P_{c1} = 1.75$ GPa. These changes to these coupling constants reflect alterations to the electronic structure at the quantum critical point. | eng_Latn | 26,811 |
Taking the Issue of Work Dispersion Seriously | TAKING THE ISSUE OF DISPERSION AT WORK SERIOUSLY ::: The case of an agency specialized in organizing events ::: This article explores the issue of dispersion at work and in so doing detaches ::: the term from its systematically negative connotation. It draws on an ::: ethnographic study in an agency specialized in organizing events. The author ::: shows how dispersion is a constituent part of certain forms of complex work ::: and how it is taken into consideration by workers on a daily basis. By taking ::: the issue of dispersion at work seriously, issues of competencies and ::: intensification of work can be addressed from a new angle. | We study spatial correlation functions of static quark-antiquark pairs in QCD with 2+1 flavors in order to better understand color screening at high temperatures. ::: We performed lattice simulations in a wide temperature window $115\,{\rm MeV}\lesssim T\lesssim 5.8\,{\rm GeV}$ using the using the highly improved staggered quark (HISQ) action, the tree-level improved Symanzik gauge action and several lattice spacings to control discretization effects. ::: By comparing our lattice results to analytic calculations at weak coupling as well as to the zero temperature result on the static energy we demonstrate that color screening sets in at distances $rT \simeq 0.25$. ::: We also conclude that in the distance regime $0.25<r T< 0.6$ the weak-coupling approach provides an adequate description of color screening. | eng_Latn | 26,812 |
Nuclear Equation of State: Picture from Medium Energy Heavy Ion Collisions | Characteristics of the nuclear equation of state (EOS) and its importance, in particular for astrophysics, are discussed. Selected observables in nuclear collisions are sensitive to the EOS and can be used to constrain it. For central collisions, these include collective flow asymmetries, subthreshold kaon yields and isospin diffusion. Comparisons between the data and transport theory suggest an energy per nucleon that rises relatively slowly with density for symmetric matter and symmetry energy that rises relatively quickly around the normal nuclear density. | It is shown that the inclusion of pion, nucleon, and delta mass differences, and eta-..pi.. mixing, in a coupled-channels treatment of the deuteron leads to small components of the wave function with isospin -1 and even isospin -2. | eng_Latn | 26,813 |
Estimates for parameters and characteristics of the confining SU(3)-gluonic field in $\eta$-meson from two-photon decay | On the basis of the confinement mechanism earlier proposed by author, the electric form factor of η-meson is nonperturbatively calculated. The latter is then applied to describe electromagnetic decay η→2γ which entails estimates for parameters of the confining SU(3)-gluonic field in η-meson. The corresponding estimates of the gluon concentrations, electric and magnetic color field strengths are also adduced for the mentioned field. | Abstract We present a convenient analytical parametrization, in both configuration and momentum spaces, of the deuteron wave-function calculated with the Paris potential. | eng_Latn | 26,814 |
Isotropic diffuse gamma-ray background: unveiling Dark Matter components beyond the contribution of astrophysical sources | We present the first interpretation of the new isotropic diffuse gamma-ray background (IGRB), measured by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT), based on a statistical analysis. We demonstrate that the gamma-ray emission from unresolved active galactic nuclei and star forming galaxies is consistent with the Fermi-LAT IGRB data within the uncertainties both on the choice of the Galactic diffuse emission model and on the gamma-ray emission mechanism of these sources. Furthermore, adding to the extragalactic sources the contribution from a smooth Galactic halo of annihilating weakly interacting dark matter (DM) particles, we are able to set stringent limits on the DM annihilation cross section. Finally, we demonstrate that the addition of DM can significantly improve the fit to IGRB data. | In this paper we investigate the role of the high density effects in the heavy quark production cross section in $pA$ processes at RHIC and LHC. We use, as initial condition, a gluon distribution consistent with fixed target nuclear data and the Glauber-Mueller approach to describe the high density effects. We show that this process can be used as a probe of the presence of the high density effects. Moreover, we include these effects in the calculation of the heavy quark production in $AA$ collisions, verifying that they cannot be disregarded both in the estimates of quarkonium suppression and in the initial conditions of the quark-gluon plasma. | eng_Latn | 26,815 |
Tracing Remnants of the Baryon Vector Current Anomaly in Neutron Radiative β-Decay | Abstract We show that a triple-product correlation in the neutron radiative _-decay rate, characterized by the kinematical variable η ≡ (le × lv) k, where n(p) → p(p’) + e - (le) + v e (l v ) + γ(k), isolates the pseudo-Chern-Simons term found by Harvey, Hill, and Hill as a consequence of the baryon vector current anomaly and SU(2)L_U(1)Y gauge invariance at low energies. The correlation appears if the imaginary part of the coupling constant is no zero, so that its observation at anticipated levels of sensitivity would reflect the presence of sources of CP violation beyond the Standard Model. We compute the size of the asymmetry in n → pe - v e γ decay as a function of the coupling, estimate the e_ect ofStandard-Model final-state interactions, and discuss the role nuclear processes can play in discovering the e_ect. | Abstract We have designed, constructed and installed a system that makes an accurate 3D map of the electron drift velocity and measures the space-charge distorting effects in the TPCs of the DELPHI Barrel RICH detector. Details of the design considerations, construction and production are given. | eng_Latn | 26,816 |
Photoionization polarization spectroscopy of complex atoms | An improved method for the angular momentum measurement of autoionizing levels of complex atoms based on photoionization polarization spectroscopy is reported. In this method, a variation of the ion yield is measured as a function of the combination of the polarizations of the lasers used to excite the autoionizing level through a ladder of intermediate resonant states. Here, eight combinations of different polarizations in three lasers are used, which include not only circular but also linear polarizations. It has been confirmed that the angular momentum of the autoionizing level can be determined uniquely by relative ion-yield measurements for any combination of angular momenta of the levels of the excitation ladders by choosing appropriate intensities of the lasers. | We derive a simplified representation for the pion mass to two loops in three-flavour chiral perturbation theory. For this purpose, we first determine the reduced expressions for the tensorial two-loop 2-point sunset integrals arising in chiral perturbation theory calculations. Making use of those relations, we obtain the expression for the pion mass in terms of the minimal set of master integrals. On the basis of known results for these, we arrive at an explicit analytic representation, up to the contribution from KKη intermediate states where a closed-form expression for the corresponding sunset integral is missing. However, the expansion of this function for a small pion mass leads to a simple representation which yields a very accurate approximation of this contribution. Finally, we also give a discussion of the numerical implications of our results. | eng_Latn | 26,817 |
Influence of second-order corrections to the energy-dependence of neutrino flavor conversion formulae | We discuss the intermediate wave-packet formalism for analytically quantifying the energy dependence of the two-flavor conversion formula that is usually considered for analyzing neutrino oscillations and adjusting the focusing horn, target position and/or detector location of some flavor conversion experiments. Following a sequence of analytical approximations where we consider the second-order corrections in a power series expansion of the energy, we point out a residual time-dependent phase which, in addition to some well-known wave-packet effects, can subtly modify the oscillation parameters and limits. In the present precision era of neutrino oscillation experiments where higher precision measurements are required, we quantify some small corrections in neutrino flavor conversion formulas which lead to a modified energy-dependence for νμ ↔ νe oscillations. | We study in this paper the properties of a two-body random matrix ensemble for distinguishable spins. We require the ensemble to be invariant under the group of local transformations and analyze a parametrization in terms of the group parameters and the remaining parameters associated with the 'entangling' part of the interaction. We then specialize to a spin chain with nearest-neighbour interactions and numerically find a new type of quantum-phase transition related to the strength of a random external field, i.e. the time-reversal-breaking one-body interaction term. | eng_Latn | 26,818 |
Gluon Condensate from Lattice QCD | After making some critical comments about the traditional method of extracting the gluon condensate from lattice QCD data, I present an alternative analysis. The result is more than a factor of five larger than the phenomenological value. Two closely related subjects, the effects of the infrared renormalons on the extraction and the Lepage and Mackenzie improvement on a lattice perturbation series, are also discussed. | The latest results from ATLAS and CMS on single top quark production and rare production channels of top quarks at the LHC are presented. | eng_Latn | 26,819 |
New quark and weak boson signatures at p̄p colliders | We discuss leptonic signatures of charm and bottom, the discovery of the top, and the shape of the lepton spectrum from W decay in pp interactions at ?s?540 GeV.1 | Abstract Exotic pentaquark baryon with strangeness +1, Θ+, is studied in the QCD sum rule approach. We derive sum rules for the positive and negative parity baryon states with J= 1 2 and I=0. It is found that the standard values of the QCD condensates predict a negative parity Θ+ of mass ≃1.5 GeV, while no positive parity state is found. We stress the roles of chiral-odd condensates in determining the parity and mass of Θ+. | eng_Latn | 26,820 |
Рынок кредитных карт в России: мифы и реальность | The article disproves the current myths about the functioning of the credit card market in Russia in the area of: a) the insignificance of the banking segment; b) the «usual» cost of borrowing; c) ease of use of grace-periods (preferential interest-free periods); d) low impact on the growth of borrowers’ debt load; e) the possibility of using non-activated cards as a strategic financial reserve; e) economic attractiveness of a new type of credit card – installment cards; g) foreign experience in the functioning of the credit card market in developed countries (using the example of the UK). On the basis of analysis carried out by the author, he has formulated a number of major problems that impede the effective development of the credit card market in Russia at the present stage and suggested a number of debatable solutions. | Inspired by the newly observed two charged bottomonium-like states, we consider the possible contribution from the intermediate $Z_b(10610)$ and $Z_b(10650)$ states to the $\Upsilon(5S)\to \Upsilon(2S)\pi^+\pi^-$ decay process, which naturally explains Belle's previous observation of the anomalous $\Upsilon(2S)\pi^+\pi^-$ production near the peak of $\Upsilon(5S)$ at $\sqrt s=10.87$ GeV [K.F. Chen {\it et al}. (Belle Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 100}, 112001 (2008)]. The resulting $d\Gamma(\Upsilon(5S)\to \Upsilon(2S)\pi^+\pi^-)/dm_{\pi^+\pi^-}$ and $d\Gamma(\Upsilon(5S)\to \Upsilon(2S)\pi^+\pi^-)/d\cos\theta$ distributions agree with Belle's measurement after inclusion of these $Z_b$ states. This formalism also reproduces the Belle observation of the double-peak structure and its reflection in $\Upsilon(2S)\pi^+$ invariant mass spectrum of $\Upsilon(5S)\to \Upsilon(2S)\pi^+\pi^-$ decay. | rus_Cyrl | 26,821 |
Search for single top quark production in ppbar collisions at $\sqrt{s}$=1.96 TeV | We present a search for electroweak production of single top quarks in the s-channel and t-channel using neural networks for signal-background separation. We have analyzed 230 pb$^{-1}$ of data collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV and find no evidence for a single top quark signal. The resulting 95\% confidence level upper limits on the single top quark production cross sections are 6.4 pb in the s-channel and 5.0 pb in the t-channel. | Several studies for the LHC luminosity upgrade pointed out the need for low-beta quadrupoles with apertures larger than the present baseline (70 mm). In this paper we focus on the design issues of a 130 mm aperture quadrupole. We first consider the Nb-Ti option, presenting a magnetic design with the LHC dipole and quadrupole cables. We study the electromagnetic forces and we discuss the field quality constraints. For the Nb3Sn option, we sketch three designs, two based on the LARP 10 mm width cable, and one on a larger cable with the same strand. The issue of the stress induced by the e.m. forces, which is critical for the Nb3Sn, is discussed using both scaling laws and finite element models. | eng_Latn | 26,822 |
Charmed signatures for phase transitions in heavy-ion collisions | The interplay of charmonium production and suppression in In+In and Pb+Pb reactions at 158 AGeV and in Au+Au reactions at sqrt(s)=200 GeV is investigated with the HSD transport approach within the `hadronic comover model' and the `QGP melting scenario'. The results for the J/Psi suppression and the Psi' to J/Psi ratio are compared to the recent data of the NA50, NA60, and PHENIX Collaborations. We find that, at 158 AGeV, the comover absorption model performs better than the scenario of abrupt threshold melting. However, neither interaction with hadrons alone nor simple color screening satisfactory describes the data at sqrt(s)=200 GeV. A deconfined phase is clearly reached at RHIC, but a theory having the relevant degrees of freedom in this regime (strongly interacting quarks/gluons) is needed to study its transport properties. | 1. Introduction and Overview. 2. Particle Detectors and Accelerators. 3. Invariance Principles and Conservation Laws. 4. Hadron-Hadron Interactions. 5. Static Quark Model of Hadrons. 6. Electromagnetic Interactions. 7. Weak Interactions. 8. Quark-Quark Interactions: The Parton Model and QCD. 9. The Unification of Electroweak and Other Interactions. Appendices. Tables. Solutions to Problems. References. Index. | eng_Latn | 26,823 |
The Mass Spectrum of Orbitally Excited Ds~(**) Meson | The mass spectrum of Orbitally Excited bound system D s were calculated by potential model which is based on Bathe-Salpeter equation. | Abstract We present a convenient analytical parametrization, in both configuration and momentum spaces, of the deuteron wave-function calculated with the Paris potential. | eng_Latn | 26,824 |
Local environment of transition metal ternary dopants in β phase transition metal aluminides | We have utilized the technique of EXAFS to investigate the local environment of Fe and Mo in Fe 02 Co 50 Al 48 and in Mo 02 Ni 50 Al 48 respectively. We find that Co atoms drive competing Fe atoms to the «Al type» sites, whereas Mo precipitates as small particles of BCC Mo. Our results are of possible significance in relation to findings by others of ductility enhancement in ternary doped β phase NiAl | We re--examine leptogenesis from a right--handed sneutrino condensate, paying special attention to the $B-$term associated with the see--saw Majorana mass. This term generates a lepton asymmetry in the condensate whose time average vanishes. However, a net asymmetry will result if the sneutrino lifetime is not much longer than the period of oscillations. Supersymmetry breaking by thermal effects then yields a lepton asymmetry in the standard model sector after the condensate decays. We explore different possibilities by taking account of both the low--energy and Hubble $B-$terms. It will be shown that the desired baryon asymmetry of the Universe can be obtained for a wide range of Majorana mass. | eng_Latn | 26,825 |
On the Gaudin model of type G$_2$ | We derive a number of results related to the Gaudin model associated to the simple Lie algebra of type G2. We compute explicit formulas for solutions of the Bethe ansatz equations associated to the... | In these three lectures, I will discuss some of the formal and phenomenological features of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). This local gauge theory based on the color group SU(3) has stood as probably the most attractive candidate for a theory of strong interactions since the discovery of asymptotic freedom in 1973. There has been an enormous amount of theoretical work since then learning how to confront the theory with experiment in the short distance, weak coupling regime and trying to deal with the theory at larger distances(say 1/mπ) where it presumably becomes strongly coupled. | eng_Latn | 26,826 |
Bilayer Quantum Hall System As a Macroscopic Qubit | In the bilayer quantum Hall system, a spontaneously charge imbalance state appears at the ground energy level. Gap in the collective excitation energy makes it stable against decoherence in macroscopic level. This state behaves as a spin 1/2 representation of SU(2) and can be controlled by applying the interlayer voltage. We suggest this system can be regarded as a macroscopic realization of a qubit for a quantum computer. | Lattice QCD can give direct information on OZI-violating contributions to mesons. Here we explore the contributions that split flavour singlet and non-singlet meson masses. I discuss in detail the spectrum and decays for scalar mesons (ie including glueball effects). I also review the status of hybrid mesons and their decays. | eng_Latn | 26,827 |
A STUDY OF THE TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION OF NEUTRON STARS WITH MAGNETIC CHARGE AND MAGNETIC MOMENT | Ⅰ. INTRODUCTIONThe time component of the stationary external metric of a neutron star with magnetic charge and magnetic moment is given by | We show that two nonets and a glueball provide a consistent description of data on scalar mesons below 1.7 GeV. Above 1 GeV the states form a conventional q nonet mixed with the glueball of lattice QCD. Below 1 GeV the states also form a nonet, as implied by the attractive forces of QCD, but of a more complicated nature. Near the centre they are (qq)()3 in S-wave, with some q in P-wave, but further out they rearrange as (q)1(q)1 and finally as meson–meson states. A simple effective chiral model for such a system with two scalar nonets can be made involving two coupled linear sigma models. One of these could be looked upon as the Higgs sector of nonpertubative QCD. | yue_Hant | 26,828 |
Neutron scattering and the search for mechanisms of superconductivity | Abstract Neutron scattering is a direct probe of mass and magnetization density in solids. We start with a brief review of experimental strategies for determining the mechanisms of superconductivity and how neutron scattering contributed towards our understanding of conventional superconductors. The remainder of the article gives examples of neutron results with impact on the search for the mechanism of superconductivity in more recently discovered, `exotic', materials, namely the heavy fermion compounds and the layered cuprates. | The dependence of the differential cross section ${\mathrm{d}\sigma}/{\mathrm{d}p_{\perp}}$ of inclusive heavy quark production in pp and $\bar{\mathrm{p}}$p collisions on the renormalization and factorization scales is investigated. The implications of our results for experiments at TEVATRON and LHC are discussed. In particular, it is shown that the NLO QCD predictions for $\bar{t}t$ production at the LHC based on the Principle of Minimal Sensitivity are by 30-50% higher than the standard ones. | eng_Latn | 26,829 |
Line Narrowing in Nitrogen-14 NQR by Non-Resonant Irradiation | Abstract The effect of non-resonant irradiation on the linewidth of 14N NQR lines has been investigated in three cases with zero asymmetry parameter. The characteristic time of the free induction decay (T2 *) in Trimethylamine (TMA), Triethylenediamine (TED) and Hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) was studied at 77 K. Circularly polarized non-resonant irradiations of 11 kHz were used with intensities of up to 24 G with a geometrical arrangement following Ito and Hashi. The largest effect, a 100% increase in T2*, is measured in TMA. No observable effect occurs in HMT. An intermediate result occurs in TED, where the considerable narrowing caused by the non-resonant field serves to provide a greater resolution of the fine structure first reported by Colligiani and Ambrosetti. This fine structure, presumably dipolar in origin, is not itself affected by the non-resonant irradiation. The degree to which the theory of dressing fields can account for these results is discussed. | The dependence of the differential cross section ${\mathrm{d}\sigma}/{\mathrm{d}p_{\perp}}$ of inclusive heavy quark production in pp and $\bar{\mathrm{p}}$p collisions on the renormalization and factorization scales is investigated. The implications of our results for experiments at TEVATRON and LHC are discussed. In particular, it is shown that the NLO QCD predictions for $\bar{t}t$ production at the LHC based on the Principle of Minimal Sensitivity are by 30-50% higher than the standard ones. | eng_Latn | 26,830 |
Experimental and Simulated Performances of a Batch-Type Longan Dryer with Air Flow Reversal Using Biomass Burner as a Heat Source | This article presents experimental performance of a batch-type longan dryer using a biomass burner with air flow reversal and also presents modeling of the longan dryer for drying of whole longan. The dryer essentially consists of a biomass burner and a drying bin with an arrangement for periodic air flow reversal. Three drying runs with loading capacity of 2,000, 1,500, and 1,000 kg of whole longan were carried out. There was no significant difference in temperatures in different positions (except inlet and outlet) inside the dryer (p < 0.05) or moisture content inside the dryer (p < 0.05). Whole longan was dried from an initial moisture content of 74% (wb) to a final moisture content of 14% (wb). The drying time of whole longan in the longan dryer was 60, 54, and 48 h for 2,000, 1,500, and 1,000 kg loading, respectively. The quality of dried product was also good in comparison to the high-quality product in markets. To simulate the performance of the longan dryer for drying of whole longan, a set of par... | We re--examine leptogenesis from a right--handed sneutrino condensate, paying special attention to the $B-$term associated with the see--saw Majorana mass. This term generates a lepton asymmetry in the condensate whose time average vanishes. However, a net asymmetry will result if the sneutrino lifetime is not much longer than the period of oscillations. Supersymmetry breaking by thermal effects then yields a lepton asymmetry in the standard model sector after the condensate decays. We explore different possibilities by taking account of both the low--energy and Hubble $B-$terms. It will be shown that the desired baryon asymmetry of the Universe can be obtained for a wide range of Majorana mass. | eng_Latn | 26,831 |
Enlarged Molecules from Excited Atoms in Nanochannels | The resonance interaction that takes place in planar nanochannels between pairs of excited state atoms is explored. We consider interactions in channels of silica, zinc oxide and gold. The nanosized channels induce a dramatically different interaction from that in free space. Illustrative calculations for two lithium and cesium atoms, demonstrate that there is a short range repulsion followed by long range attraction. The binding energy is strongest near the surfaces. The size of the enlarged molecule is biggest at the center of the cavity and increases with channel width. Since the interaction is generic, we predict that enlarged molecules are formed in porous structures, and that the molecule size depends on the size of the nanochannels | The dependence of the differential cross section ${\mathrm{d}\sigma}/{\mathrm{d}p_{\perp}}$ of inclusive heavy quark production in pp and $\bar{\mathrm{p}}$p collisions on the renormalization and factorization scales is investigated. The implications of our results for experiments at TEVATRON and LHC are discussed. In particular, it is shown that the NLO QCD predictions for $\bar{t}t$ production at the LHC based on the Principle of Minimal Sensitivity are by 30-50% higher than the standard ones. | eng_Latn | 26,832 |
Supersymmetric leptogenesis and light hidden sectors | Thermal leptogenesis and supergravity are attractive scenarios for physics beyond the standard model. However, it is well known that the super-weak interaction of the gravitino often leads to problems with primordial nucleosynthesis in the standard scenario of matter parity conserving MSSM + three right-handed neutrinos. We will present and compare two related solutions to these problems: 1) The conflict between BBN and leptogenesis can be avoided in presence of a hidden sector with light supersymmetric particles which open new decay channels for the dangerous long-lived particles. 2) If there is a condensate in the hidden sector, such additional decay channels can be alternatively opened by dynamical breaking of matter parity in the hidden sector. | The dependence of the differential cross section ${\mathrm{d}\sigma}/{\mathrm{d}p_{\perp}}$ of inclusive heavy quark production in pp and $\bar{\mathrm{p}}$p collisions on the renormalization and factorization scales is investigated. The implications of our results for experiments at TEVATRON and LHC are discussed. In particular, it is shown that the NLO QCD predictions for $\bar{t}t$ production at the LHC based on the Principle of Minimal Sensitivity are by 30-50% higher than the standard ones. | eng_Latn | 26,833 |
Meson - photon transition form factors | We report results on the transition form factor obtained within the hard scattering approach including transverse momentum effects and Sudakov corrections. The results clearly favour distribution amplitudes close to the asymptotic form, , and disfavour distribution amplitudes which are strongly concentrated in the end-point regions. This observation is backed by information on the elastic form factor of the pion and on its valence-quark distribution function. Applications of our approach to the and transition form factors are discussed as well. Combining the form factor data with the two-photon decay widths, we determine the and the decay constants and the mixing angle. | A detailed analysis of the structure of the quark version of the parton model incorporating algebraic (SU2 orSU3) configurations and their mixing is given in which the only assumptions retained are those of the quark-parton identity. The model is shown to be wholly consistent but less predictive than applications of it would suggest. | eng_Latn | 26,834 |
Contribution of X-Ray diffraction to the study of spin transitions in some iron (II) complexes | Abstract A review of recent single crystal investigations under constraint of iron (II) spin crossover complexes is given. The systems covered are Fe L2 (NCS)2 complexes (L = Phen, Btz) and some analogous derivatives. Emphasis is laid on the correlations between structural changes associated with spin transitions and the experimentally determined characteristics of these transitions. | The Dyson-Schwinger equation for the quark self-energy is solved in the rainbow approximation using an infrared (IR) vanishing gluon propagator that introduces an IR mass scale {ital b}. There exists a {ital b}-dependent critical coupling indicating the spontaneous breakdown of chiral symmetry. If one chooses realistic QCD coupling constants the strength and the scale of spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking decouple from the IR scale for small {ital b} while for large {ital b} no dynamical chiral symmetry breaking occurs. At timelike momenta the quark propagator possesses a pole, at least for a large range of the parameter {ital b}. Therefore, it is suggestive that quarks are not confined in this model for all values of {ital b}. Furthermore, we argue that the quark propagator is analytic within the whole complex momentum plane except on the timelike axis. Hence the naive Wick rotation is allowed. {copyright} {ital 1995 The American Physical Society.} | eng_Latn | 26,835 |
2차원 후방계단유동에 대한 URANS와 DES의 수치해석 평가 | A two-dimensional backward facing step flow is simulated by using URANS and Detached Eddy Simulations(DES) approaches. Turbulence models adopted for URANS and DES simulations are Spalart-Allmaras(S-A) model and Shear Stress Transport(SST) model. The target flow with ER＝1.125, Re H ＝37,500 is experimentally studied by Driver & Seegmiller. Various versions of DES have been tested in this paper. Results of the simulations are compared with the experimental data available to evaluate the merits and demerits of URANS and several versions of DES. URANS simulation converges to a steady state and hence unsteady characteristics are not featured. DES simulations in general successfully mimic large scale structures and oscillation characteristics of the flow. | Inspired by the newly observed two charged bottomonium-like states, we consider the possible contribution from the intermediate $Z_b(10610)$ and $Z_b(10650)$ states to the $\Upsilon(5S)\to \Upsilon(2S)\pi^+\pi^-$ decay process, which naturally explains Belle's previous observation of the anomalous $\Upsilon(2S)\pi^+\pi^-$ production near the peak of $\Upsilon(5S)$ at $\sqrt s=10.87$ GeV [K.F. Chen {\it et al}. (Belle Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 100}, 112001 (2008)]. The resulting $d\Gamma(\Upsilon(5S)\to \Upsilon(2S)\pi^+\pi^-)/dm_{\pi^+\pi^-}$ and $d\Gamma(\Upsilon(5S)\to \Upsilon(2S)\pi^+\pi^-)/d\cos\theta$ distributions agree with Belle's measurement after inclusion of these $Z_b$ states. This formalism also reproduces the Belle observation of the double-peak structure and its reflection in $\Upsilon(2S)\pi^+$ invariant mass spectrum of $\Upsilon(5S)\to \Upsilon(2S)\pi^+\pi^-$ decay. | kor_Hang | 26,836 |
A Model for next-to-leading order threshold resummed form-factors, Phys | We present a model for next-to-leading order resummed threshold form factors based on a timelike coupling recently introduced in the framework of small x physics. Improved expressions for the form factors in N-space are obtained which are not plagued by Landau-pole singularities, as the included absorptive effects - usually neglected - act as regulators. The physical reason is that, because of faster decay of gluon jets, there is not enough resolution time to observe the Landau pole. Our form factors reduce to the standard ones when the absorptive parts related to the coupling are neglected. The inverse transform from N-space to x-space can be done directly without any prescription and we obtain analytical expressions for the form factors, which are well defined in all x-space. | Band-structure calculations of actinide metals from thorium to americium in f.c.c. and b.c.c. lattices are carried out by the relativistic LAPW method with warped potential and nonfrozen core treatment to obtain their density of states at the Fermi energy. Although band-structure calculations lead to the necessity of taking the f-state trend to localization into account, they do not get this localization by intrinsic way. Therefore, the f-state localization is a many electron process, which could not be obtained within density functional theory. ::: ::: ::: ::: [Russian Text Ignored.] | eng_Latn | 26,837 |
Deuteron photodisintegration at low energies | All presently available experimental data on deuteron photodisintegration below 40 MeV (i.e., total and differential cross sections, photon asymmetry and neutron polarization) are collected and carefully compared with the present status of the conventional theory (i.e., in the framework of mesontheoretical or semi-phenomenologicalN-N potentials including subnuclear degrees of freedom and relativistic corrections). No significant evidence for a failure of the conventional theory is found within the present experimental accuracy. | The dependence of the differential cross section ${\mathrm{d}\sigma}/{\mathrm{d}p_{\perp}}$ of inclusive heavy quark production in pp and $\bar{\mathrm{p}}$p collisions on the renormalization and factorization scales is investigated. The implications of our results for experiments at TEVATRON and LHC are discussed. In particular, it is shown that the NLO QCD predictions for $\bar{t}t$ production at the LHC based on the Principle of Minimal Sensitivity are by 30-50% higher than the standard ones. | eng_Latn | 26,838 |
Black holes and neutron stars in the generalized tensor-vector-scalar theory | Bekenstein's Tensor-Vector-Scalar (TeVeS) theory has had considerable success as a relativistic theory of Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MoND). However, recent work suggests that the dynamics of the theory are fundamentally flawed and numerous authors have subsequently begun to consider a generalization of TeVeS where the vector field is given by an Einstein-Aether action. Herein, I develop strong-field solutions of the generalized TeVeS theory, in particular exploring neutron stars as well as neutral and charged black holes. I find that the solutions are identical to the neutron star and black hole solutions of the original TeVeS theory, given a mapping between the parameters of the two theories, and hence provide constraints on these values of the coupling constants. I discuss the consequences of these results in detail including the stability of such spacetimes as well as generalizations to more complicated geometries. | In this paper we investigate the role of the high density effects in the heavy quark production cross section in $pA$ processes at RHIC and LHC. We use, as initial condition, a gluon distribution consistent with fixed target nuclear data and the Glauber-Mueller approach to describe the high density effects. We show that this process can be used as a probe of the presence of the high density effects. Moreover, we include these effects in the calculation of the heavy quark production in $AA$ collisions, verifying that they cannot be disregarded both in the estimates of quarkonium suppression and in the initial conditions of the quark-gluon plasma. | eng_Latn | 26,839 |
Analysis of heavy ion beam probe potential measurement errors in the Madison Symmetric Torus | The heavy ion beam probe on the Madison Symmetric Torus is capable of measuring the plasma potential at radial locations from about {rho}=r/a=0.3 to 0.75. Radial potential scans from two energy analyzer detectors have been used to assess measurement accuracy since they should produce identical profiles. The effects of analyzer characteristics, system alignment, sample volume locations and shapes, probing beam control, the quality of confining magnetic field information available, etc., have been assessed to determine the overall quality of the potential measurements. The accuracy of the measurements is found to be quite good relative to the potentials measured. | We re--examine leptogenesis from a right--handed sneutrino condensate, paying special attention to the $B-$term associated with the see--saw Majorana mass. This term generates a lepton asymmetry in the condensate whose time average vanishes. However, a net asymmetry will result if the sneutrino lifetime is not much longer than the period of oscillations. Supersymmetry breaking by thermal effects then yields a lepton asymmetry in the standard model sector after the condensate decays. We explore different possibilities by taking account of both the low--energy and Hubble $B-$terms. It will be shown that the desired baryon asymmetry of the Universe can be obtained for a wide range of Majorana mass. | eng_Latn | 26,840 |
Surface energy of nuclear matter | The surface energy of a semi-infinite system of nuclear matter is calculated using a two-nucleon nonlocal interaction which fits scattering data (the Tabakin interaction). The single-particle wave functions used in the description of the ground state of the system are generated by a velocity-dependent Woods-Saxon potential, whose parameters are varied to find the optimum nuclear energy and thickness. A moderately strong velocity dependence is needed. The potential energy distributes itself over the nuclear volume in a way which depends characteristically on the relative orbital angular momentum of the two-particle states. TheS, P andD waves contribute in the proportion of 6.57:2.75:1 to be compared with their relative contributions 10.02:2.38:1 in infinite nuclear matter. | Using $sup 4$He as an example, it is shown that in the reaction ($pi$$sup -$, nn) the pion rescattering effect plays a decisive role at small momentum transfers, while the effective exchange between all nucleons in the final state plays a major role at large transfers. This leads to the appearance of corresponding two maxima, in agreement with the recently obtained experimental data. | eng_Latn | 26,841 |
A self dual relation for a three dimensional assembly | An Ising model, which is defined on a face centred cubic lattice in which nearest neighbour spins are coupled via a special four spin coupling term involving the 4-point simplex subgraphs of the lattice, is shown to have a self dual property of the type originally put forward by Onsager for the conventional square net Ising model problem. Assuming that this model has one and only one critical point, the location of the singularity can be determined exactly. | In this talk I summarize recent findings around the description of axial vector mesons as dynamically generated states from the interaction of pseudoscalar mesons and vector mesons, dedicating some attention to the two $K_1(1270)$ states. Then I review the generation of open and hidden charm scalar and axial states, and how some recent experiment supports the existence of the new hidden charm scalar state predicted. I present recent results showing that the low lying $1/2^+$ baryon resonances for S=-1 can be obtained as bound states or resonances of two mesons and one baryon in coupled channels. Then show the differences with the S=0 case, where the $N^*(1710)$ appears also dynamically generated from the two pion one nucleon system, but the $N^*(1440)$ does not appear, indicating a more complex structure of the Roper resonance. Finally I shall show how the state X(2175), recently discovered at BABAR and BES, appears naturally as a resonance of the $\phi K \bar{K}$ system. | eng_Latn | 26,842 |
Status of muon neutrino cross section measurements with the T2K on-axis detectors | The Tokai-to-Kamioka (T2K) experiment is designed to measure neutrino oscillation parameters. It uses an almost pure muon neutrino (nm ) beam that originates at J-PARC. INGRID consists of 14 independent modules (7 vertical and 7 horizontal modules) , each of which is composed of iron plates and scintillator planes. The modules are arranged in a cross-shape with center on beam-axis and measures the nm beam direction and intensity. Another detector called the Proton Module sits on-axis between the horizontal and vertical modules, which is a fully-active tracking detector made of layers of plastic scintillator bars. Measurements of various interaction modes of nm interactions in a few GeV region have been performed with these two on-axis detectors. We present the measurement results of the energy dependent inclusive charged-current cross section on iron, charged-current quasi-elastic and coherent pion production cross section on carbon. | The observation data of the crustal movement observation network base stations ars selected,two groups total zenith delays are calculated in two case of taken into account and disregard of the ocean tide correction model,and comparative analysis is presented.In the same time,the characteristics of frequency and amplitude are analyzed,more about the impact of ocean tide on the total zenith delay observations of ground-based GNSS is studied,and useful conclusions are summed up. | eng_Latn | 26,843 |
Coherent Phase Control of Photoionization and Photodissociation | A fundamental principle of quantum mechanics is that if a process can occur by more than one independent path, then the probability of that process occurring can be calculated by adding the probability amplitudes for each path and then squaring the sum. A well known example is the photoionization of an atom or a molecule. One route connecting the ground state g > with the continuum 39-1 > is direct ionization, with a probability amplitude that is proportional to 39-1 | Abstract A very promising spin physics programme will be soon on the way at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). By studying the spin asymmetries for various processes (single photon, single jet and W ± production), we will compare the different predictions obtained using some sets of polarized parton distributions, available in the recent literature. We will put some emphasise on the analysis of the anticipated errors, given the event rates expected from this high luminosity new machine and the current acceptance for the detector systems at RHIC. | eng_Latn | 26,844 |
Solar neutrino results from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory | Abstract Solar neutrinos from the decay of 8 B have been detected at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) via the charged-current (CC) reaction on deuterium and by the elastic scattering (ES) of electrons. The CC reaction is sensitive exclusively to electron neutrinos while the ES reaction also has a small sensitivity to muon and tau neutrinos. In addition, SNO has the capability to provide a measurement of the flux of all active neutrino flavours via the neutral-current (NC) reaction on deuterium. The flux of electron neutrinos from 8 B decays measured by the CC reaction and the flux of the ES reaction, assuming no flavour transformation, will be presented. These flux measurements provide evidence that there is a non-electron flavour active neutrino component in the solar flux. The total flux of active 8 B neutrinos will be presented and shown to be in good agreement, with predictions of solar models. | The authors gratefully acknowledge the Australian Research ::: Council for financial support and Swinburne University ::: of Technology for Strategic Initiative funding. One of ::: the authors X.W. acknowledges partial financial support of ::: the Chinese National Natural Science Foundation ::: 10364004 and the Yunnan Natural Science Foundation ::: 2003E0013M. | eng_Latn | 26,845 |
Break-up of resonant invariant curves in billiards and dual billiards associated to perturbed circular tables | Two area-preserving twist maps are associated to a smooth closed convex table: the (classical) billiard map and the dual billiard map. When the table is circular, these maps are integrable and their phase spaces are foliated by invariant curves. The invariant curves with rational rotation numbers are resonant and do not persist under generic perturbations of the circle. We present a sufficient condition for the break-up of these curves. This condition is expressed directly in terms of the Fourier coefficients of the perturbation. It follows from a standard Melnikov argument. | Abstract A very promising spin physics programme will be soon on the way at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). By studying the spin asymmetries for various processes (single photon, single jet and W ± production), we will compare the different predictions obtained using some sets of polarized parton distributions, available in the recent literature. We will put some emphasise on the analysis of the anticipated errors, given the event rates expected from this high luminosity new machine and the current acceptance for the detector systems at RHIC. | eng_Latn | 26,846 |
Layered copper hydroxide n-alkylsulfonate salts: synthesis, characterization, and magnetic behaviors in relation to the basal spacing. | A series of hybrid inorganic-organic copper(II) hydroxy n-alkylsulfonate with a triangular lattice, Cu(2)(OH)(3)(C(n)H(2)(n)(+1)SO(3)) (n = 6, 8, 10), are prepared by anion exchange, starting from copper hydroxy nitrate Cu(2)(OH)(3)NO(3). These compounds show a layered structure as determined by X-ray diffraction, with interlayer distances of 14.3-34.8 A in alternation with interdigitated bilayer packing. Magnetic properties have been investigated by means of dc and ac measurements. All the compounds show similar metamagnet behaviors, with a Neel temperature of about 11 K. A subtle difference in the ac magnetic susceptibility among the compounds is understood by the existence of hydrogen bonding between the sulfonate headgroup and the hydroxide anion. A detailed molecular structure of the alkyl chains incorporated to the inorganic copper hydroxide layer is also discussed from the FTIR data. | Abstract Recently we proposed the hypercubic smearing (HYP) that improves the flavor symmetry of staggered fermions by an order of magnitude with only minimal distortions at small distances. We describe a new algorithm to simulate dynamical HYP fermions based on the standard pure gauge overrelaxation and heatbath updates. The algorithm has been used to simulate four and two flavors of staggered fermions. Unlike standard dynamical simulation techniques, this algorithm does not loose efficiency at small quark masses. | eng_Latn | 26,847 |
Possibility of isospin breaking in the deuteron. | It is shown that the inclusion of pion, nucleon, and delta mass differences, and eta-..pi.. mixing, in a coupled-channels treatment of the deuteron leads to small components of the wave function with isospin -1 and even isospin -2. | Abstract At an interface or junction, strong spin-orbit coupling with pairing inhomogeneity and small pair size on the heavy-electron side mean that coherent proximity or Josephson effects would occur for singlet to triplet as well as for singlet to singlet pairing states. | eng_Latn | 26,848 |
Quantum groups and interacting quantum fields | If C is a cocommutative coalgebra, a bialgebra structure can be given to the symmetric algebra S(C). The symmetric product is twisted by a Laplace pairing and the twisted product of any number of elements of S(C) is calculated explicitly. This is used to recover important identities in the quantum field theory of interacting scalar bosons. | Abstract Within the framework of perturbative QCD I show that the high energy factorization formula for jets observables resumming to all orders the leading log(s) can be extended to next-to-leading log(s) approximation. In addition, I provide the last missing factor of such a formula, namely the NL correction to the jet-production vertex. This makes it possible to perform accurate analyses of high energy processes like dijets at hadron-hadron colliders as well as forward jets at lepton-hadron colliders in a framework that is now consistent with both DGLAP evolution and BFKL evolution, providing a quantitative tool for exploring QCD in the high energy regime. | eng_Latn | 26,849 |
Strangeness production in heavy ion reactions at intermediate energies | Kaon production, in particular $K^+$ production in heavy ion collisions at intermediate energies is discussed. Main emphasis is put on the question if subthreshold $K^+$ production can serve as a suitable tool to test the high density phase of such reactions and to deliver information on the high density behavior of the nuclear equation of state. It is shown that the $K^+$ excitation function in heavy ($Au+Au$) over light ($C+C$) systems provides a robust observable which, by comparison to data, strongly favors a soft equation of state. A second question of interest is the existence of an in-medium kaon potential as predicted by effective chiral Lagrangiens. Here it is argued that transport calculations support this scenario with, in the meantime, a significant level of consistency. | Measurements performed at the Tevatron of both the like-sign dimuon charge asymmetry inBd;s-meson samples and the mixing-induced CP asymmetry inBs! J= depart from their standard model (SM) predictions. This could be an indication for new CP phases in B = 2 transitions, preferentially in Bs{ Bs mixing. The experimental situation, however, remained inconclusive, as it favored values of the element s of the decay matrix in the Bs-meson system that are notably dierent | eng_Latn | 26,850 |
Anisotropy and inflation in Bianchi I braneworlds | After a more general assumption on the influence of the bulk on the brane, we extend some conclusions by Maartens et al (2001 Phys. Rev. D 63 063509) and Santos et al (2001 Phys. Rev. D 64 063506) on the asymptotic behaviour of Bianchi I braneworlds. As a consequence of the nonlocal anisotropic stresses induced by the bulk, in most of our models, the brane does not isotropize and the nonlocal energy does not vanish in the limit in which the mean radius goes to infinity. We have also found the intriguing possibility that the inflation due to the cosmological constant might be prevented by the interaction with the bulk. We show that the problem for the mean radius can be completely solved in our models, which include as particular cases those in the references above. | In the framework of perturbative QCD approach, we calculate the branching ratio and CP asymmetry for $B_{s}^0(\bar{B}_{s}) \to \pi^{\pm} K^\mp$ and $B_{s}(\bar{B}_{s})\to \pi^{0}\bar{K}^{0}(K^{0})$ decays. Besides the usual factorizable diagrams, both non-factorizable and annihilation type contributions are taken into account. We find that (a) the branching ratio of $B_{s}^0(\bar{B}_{s}) \to \pi^{\pm} K^\mp$ is about $(6-10) \times 10^{-6}$; $Br(B_{s}(\bar{B}_{s})\to \pi^{0}\bar{K}^{0}(K^{0}))$ about $ (1-3) \times 10^{-7}$; and (b) there are large CP asymmetries in the two processes, which can be tested in the near future LHC-b experiments at CERN and BTeV experiments at Fermilab. | eng_Latn | 26,851 |
Broken Symmetry: Selected Papers of Y. Nambu | This book contains selected papers of Prof Nambu who is one of the most original and outstanding particle theorists of our time. This volume consists of about 40 papers which made fundamental contributions to our understanding of particle physics during the last few decades.The unpublished lecture note on string theory (1969) and the first paper on spontaneous symmetry breaking (1961) are retyped and included. The book also contains a memoir of Prof Nambu on his research career. | This proceeding is based on arXiv:1609.09299 [hep-th], where we use 4-point amplitudes in order to normalize the vertex operators for massless and massive strings living at D-brane intersections and next to evaluate Yukawa couplings between these states. Using our results we are planning to proceed and evaluate physical processes which might be visible at LHC. | yue_Hant | 26,852 |
Broadening of level-crossing signals in state of 87Rb by collisions with argon | Abstract The effect of collisions with argon on the widths of level-crossing signals in 5 2 P 3 2 state of 87Rb was studied experimentally. The results were compared with the theory of Okunevich and Perel and certain disagreement was found. | Measurements performed at the Tevatron of both the like-sign dimuon charge asymmetry inBd;s-meson samples and the mixing-induced CP asymmetry inBs! J= depart from their standard model (SM) predictions. This could be an indication for new CP phases in B = 2 transitions, preferentially in Bs{ Bs mixing. The experimental situation, however, remained inconclusive, as it favored values of the element s of the decay matrix in the Bs-meson system that are notably dierent | eng_Latn | 26,853 |
Nucleon decay induced by GUT monopole and possible nonconservation of charge | The nucleon decay in the presence of a grand unification monopole is analyzed with reference to the channels with |ΔQ|=4. The dynamics requires the participation of the sea quark as well as the valence quark. | Abstract We present a convenient analytical parametrization, in both configuration and momentum spaces, of the deuteron wave-function calculated with the Paris potential. | eng_Latn | 26,854 |
CPStudiesoftheHiggsSector: AcontributiontotheLHC/LCStudyGroupdocument | The CP structure of the Higgs sector will be of great interest to future colliders. The measurement of the CP properties of candidate Higgs particles will be essential in order to distinguish models of electroweak symmetry breaking, and to discover or place limits on CP-violation in the Higgs sector. In this report we briefly summarize various methods of determining the CP properties of Higgs bosons at different colliders and identify areas where more study is required. We also provide an example of a synergy between the LHC, an e + e Linear Collider and a Photon Collider, for the examination of CP-violation in a Two-Higgs-Doublet-Model. | We study factorization schemes for parton shower models in hadron-hadron collisions. As an example, we calculate lepton pair production mediated by a virtual photon in quark--anti-quark annihilation, and we compare factorized cross sections obtained in the conventional $\bar{\rm MS}$ scheme with those obtained in a factorization scheme in which a kinematical constraint due to parton radiation is taken into account. We discuss some properties of factorized cross sections. | yue_Hant | 26,855 |
Particles with Negative Mass: Production, Properties and Applications for Nuclear Fusion and Self-Acceleration | Some experiments have indicated the possible existence of particles with a negative inertial mass. It is shown under which conditions Weber’s electrodynamics gives rise to this effect. Some specific experiments related to this aspect of Weber’s law are described. Two particles equally electrified with charges of the same sign would then move toward one another if they had negative effective inertial masses. A new concept for nuclear fusion is presented based on the possibility of creating a negative effective inertial mass for ions. It is then considered some properties of the inertial dipole, that is, a system composed by a pair of particles in which one particle has a positive effective inertial mass while the other particle has a negative effective inertial mass. The possible utilization of the inertial dipole as a propulsion system is briefly discussed. | Using $sup 4$He as an example, it is shown that in the reaction ($pi$$sup -$, nn) the pion rescattering effect plays a decisive role at small momentum transfers, while the effective exchange between all nucleons in the final state plays a major role at large transfers. This leads to the appearance of corresponding two maxima, in agreement with the recently obtained experimental data. | eng_Latn | 26,856 |
India : The Anti-Corruption Movement – CETRI - Centre tricontinental | “Social movements are understood as organised collective efforts working towards achieving change. All social movements have an ideology to identify what is wrong with the present and what needs… | The last few years, 2013-2016, the high energy neutrino events in ICECUBE and the last rich UHECR maps by AUGER and TA were hopefully opening a new High Energy astronomy age. Unfortunately the foreseen correlation between neutrino with best gamma X sources has not (yet) been found. The most celebrated GRB gamma sources do not correlate to any neutrino events. The expected Local Group anisotropy in UHECR within the nuleon GZK cut off, has just fade away. UHECR events from Virgo are almost absent. Above two hundred TeV energy tau neutrino might shine by double bang in detectable way in ICECUBE. Within a dozen of events no tau neutrino arised (yet) in ICECUBE. Finally GRBs Fireball models calling since decades for HE neutrinos correlated imprint at TeVs energy are not (yet) found. So many absences are making a huge question mark: is there a new reading key? | eng_Latn | 26,857 |
Magnetic monopole condensation for confinement and chiral symmetry breaking | Abstract Nonperturbative features of QCD are investigated using the dual Ginzburg-Landau theory. The quark confinement is realized through the dual Meissner effect, when QCD monopoles are condensed. The chiral symmetry is dynamically broken due to a large contribution of QCD-monopole condensation. | In this talk I summarize recent findings around the description of axial vector mesons as dynamically generated states from the interaction of pseudoscalar mesons and vector mesons, dedicating some attention to the two $K_1(1270)$ states. Then I review the generation of open and hidden charm scalar and axial states, and how some recent experiment supports the existence of the new hidden charm scalar state predicted. I present recent results showing that the low lying $1/2^+$ baryon resonances for S=-1 can be obtained as bound states or resonances of two mesons and one baryon in coupled channels. Then show the differences with the S=0 case, where the $N^*(1710)$ appears also dynamically generated from the two pion one nucleon system, but the $N^*(1440)$ does not appear, indicating a more complex structure of the Roper resonance. Finally I shall show how the state X(2175), recently discovered at BABAR and BES, appears naturally as a resonance of the $\phi K \bar{K}$ system. | eng_Latn | 26,858 |
Lattices with unique irreducible decompositions | We define the concept of a minimal decomposition in a lattice, and prove that all the currently known lattices with unique irreducible decompositions are in fact lattices with minimal ones. Also, the characterization of a class of lattices with minimal decompositions is given. A new proof of the Crawley-Dilworth characterization theorem for the class of coalgebraic strongly coatomic lattices with unique irreducible decompositions obtains as a consequence. | We study factorization schemes for parton shower models in hadron-hadron collisions. As an example, we calculate lepton pair production mediated by a virtual photon in quark--anti-quark annihilation, and we compare factorized cross sections obtained in the conventional $\bar{\rm MS}$ scheme with those obtained in a factorization scheme in which a kinematical constraint due to parton radiation is taken into account. We discuss some properties of factorized cross sections. | eng_Latn | 26,859 |
Hamiltonicity of the Pyramid Network with or without Fault | Sarbazi-Azad, Ould-Khaoua, and Mackenzie proved in 2001 that there exists a Hamiltonian cycle in a pyramid network and they also constructed a Hamiltonian path between apex and each of 4 frontiers of a pyramid network. The fault tolerance is a crucial matter for parallel computing, especially in a large network. This work improves Sarbazi-Azad et al.'s result and considers other relative problems in pyramid networks such as the fault tolerant Hamiltonian problem and the Hamiltonian-connected problem. The problem of finding Hamiltonian cycles in a pyramid network with one faulty node (link) is investigated. Additionally, the Hamiltonian-connectedness of a pyramid network can be shown by constructing a Hamiltonian path between any two distinct nodes in it. | We study in perturbative QCD the helicity amplitudes of the process ${\ensuremath{\gamma}}^{*}\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{p}\ensuremath{\rho}p$ at large virtualities Q of the photon ${\ensuremath{\gamma}}^{*}.$ We estimate all spin-flip amplitudes taking into account an important effect of the scale behavior of the gluon density. The transition of a transverse virtual photon to a longitudinal vector meson is not small at typical conditions at the DESY ep collider HERA. This helicity nonconserving amplitude leads by interference to a measurable effect in the distribution of the angle between the electron scattering and the meson production planes. | eng_Latn | 26,860 |
Real time decoherence of Landau and Levitov quasi-particles in quantum Hall edge channels | Quantum Hall edge channels at integer filling factor provide a unique test-bench to understand decoherence and relaxation of single electronic excitations in a ballistic quantum conductor. In this Letter, we obtain a full visualization of the decoherence scenario of energy (Landau) and time (Levitov) resolved single electron excitations at filling factor $\nu=2$. We show that the Landau excitation exhibits a fast relaxation followed by spin-charge separation whereas the Levitov excitation only experiences spin-charge separation. We finally suggest to use Hong-Ou-Mandel type experiments to probe specific signatures of these different scenarios. | The dependence of the differential cross section ${\mathrm{d}\sigma}/{\mathrm{d}p_{\perp}}$ of inclusive heavy quark production in pp and $\bar{\mathrm{p}}$p collisions on the renormalization and factorization scales is investigated. The implications of our results for experiments at TEVATRON and LHC are discussed. In particular, it is shown that the NLO QCD predictions for $\bar{t}t$ production at the LHC based on the Principle of Minimal Sensitivity are by 30-50% higher than the standard ones. | eng_Latn | 26,861 |
Finite Unified Theories and the prediction of the Higgs mass | Finite Unified Theories (FUTs) are N=1 supersymmetric Grand Unified Theories, which can be made all-loop finite, both in the gauge and Yukawa couplings and in the soft supersymmetry breaking sector. This remarkable property, based on the reduction of couplings at the quantum level, provides a drastic reduction in the number of free parameters, which in turn leads to predictions for the top and bottom quark masses, as well as predictions for the Higgs boson mass and the supersymmetric spectrum. Here we examine the predictions of two SU(5) FUTs, taking into account a number of theoretical and experimental constraints. We show how the phenomenological constraints can discriminate among the two models, and we give also the above mentioned predictions for the model that complies with all the constraints. | In this paper we investigate the role of the high density effects in the heavy quark production cross section in $pA$ processes at RHIC and LHC. We use, as initial condition, a gluon distribution consistent with fixed target nuclear data and the Glauber-Mueller approach to describe the high density effects. We show that this process can be used as a probe of the presence of the high density effects. Moreover, we include these effects in the calculation of the heavy quark production in $AA$ collisions, verifying that they cannot be disregarded both in the estimates of quarkonium suppression and in the initial conditions of the quark-gluon plasma. | eng_Latn | 26,862 |
Production of Strange, Non-strange particles and Hypernuclei in an Excluded-Volume Model | We present a systematic study of production of strange and non-strange hadron yields and their ratios obtained in various experiments using our thermodynamically consistent excluded-volume model. We also analyze the production of light nuclei, hypernuclei and their antinuclei in terms of our excluded-volume model over a broad energy range starting from Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) to Large Hadron Collider (LHC) energies. Further, we extend our model for studying rapidity spectra of hadrons produced in heavy-ion collisions. | Abstract Recently, a large enhancement of the dilepton yield in nuclear collisions was discovered at the CERN SPS. These data triggered a considerable theoretical effort searching for explanations. In my talk the experimental evidence for the dilepton enhancement and the present status of understanding is reviewed. | eng_Latn | 26,863 |
Yukawa couplings for light stringy states | This proceeding is based on arXiv:1609.09299 [hep-th], where we use 4-point amplitudes in order to normalize the vertex operators for massless and massive strings living at D-brane intersections and next to evaluate Yukawa couplings between these states. Using our results we are planning to proceed and evaluate physical processes which might be visible at LHC. | This paper computed No.17 coupler yoke' stress intensity factors based on 1/4 displacement method of finite element method,calculated the crack propagation life of No.17 coupler yoke using Paris formula based on AAR spectrum,and given analysis and evaluation for the result. | eng_Latn | 26,864 |
Neutrino Majorana Mass and Baryon Number of the Universe below the Electroweak Symmetry breaking Scale | Abstract If the neutrino is Majorana type and the electroweak phase transition is second or weak first order, neutrino-induced interactions together with sphaleron transitions have the potential to erase a previously generated baryon asymmetry of the universe. Taking correctly into account the evolution of the vacuum expectation of the Higgs field the effective light neutrino masses are constrained to be lighter than O (10 MeV ) , which is three orders of magnitude less stringent than the bounds obtained from earlier naive estimates. The effective heavy masses are constrained to be heavier than O (10 7 GeV ) . | Measurements performed at the Tevatron of both the like-sign dimuon charge asymmetry inBd;s-meson samples and the mixing-induced CP asymmetry inBs! J= depart from their standard model (SM) predictions. This could be an indication for new CP phases in B = 2 transitions, preferentially in Bs{ Bs mixing. The experimental situation, however, remained inconclusive, as it favored values of the element s of the decay matrix in the Bs-meson system that are notably dierent | eng_Latn | 26,865 |
Generalized mass ordering degeneracy in neutrino oscillation experiments | We consider the impact of neutral-current (NC) nonstandard neutrino interactions (NSI) on the determination of the neutrino mass ordering. We show that in the presence of NSI there is an exact degeneracy which makes it impossible to determine the neutrino mass ordering and the octant of the solar mixing angle ${\ensuremath{\theta}}_{12}$ at oscillation experiments. The degeneracy holds at the probability level and for arbitrary matter density profiles, and hence solar, atmospheric, reactor, and accelerator neutrino experiments are affected simultaneously. The degeneracy requires order-1 corrections from NSI to the NC electron neutrino-quark interaction and can be tested in electron neutrino NC scattering experiments. | Given ?>0 andp?(0,1), we consider the following problem: findu such that $$\begin{gathered} - \Delta u + \lambda [u]_ + ^p = 0in\Omega , \hfill \\ u = 1on\partial \Omega , \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ whereΩ??2 is a smooth convex domain. We prove optimalH 1 andL ? error bounds for the standard continuous piecewise linear Galerkin finite element approximation. In addition we analyse a more practical approximation using numerical integration on the nonlinear term. Finally we consider a modified nonlinear SOR algorithm, which is shown to be globally convergent, for solving the algebraic system derived from the more practical approximation. | eng_Latn | 26,866 |
System and method for rotationally orienting the whipstock assembly | The present invention discloses a downhole subassembly system and method of use. A downhole subassembly is oriented whipstock system subassembly, comprising: a whipstock apparatus, said apparatus comprising a whipstock operable to direct a cutting tool into the sleeve to deflect the side wall surface of the outlet sleeve ; and orienting joint, said joint comprising orienting operatively coupled to said whipstock device at least an upper portion of the lower coupling member and the coupling member engages the upper portion of the coupling member, the lower coupling member when in the unfolded configuration and may be rotationally fixed with respect to the upper coupling member with respect to the rotational movement of the upper coupling member when in the collapsed configuration. | Abstract A very promising spin physics programme will be soon on the way at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). By studying the spin asymmetries for various processes (single photon, single jet and W ± production), we will compare the different predictions obtained using some sets of polarized parton distributions, available in the recent literature. We will put some emphasise on the analysis of the anticipated errors, given the event rates expected from this high luminosity new machine and the current acceptance for the detector systems at RHIC. | eng_Latn | 26,867 |
The boson-fermion hybrid representation formulation, I | A boson--fermion hybrid representation is presented. In this framework, a fermion system is described concurrently by the bosonic and the fermonic degrees of freedom. A fermion pair in this representation can be treated as a boson without violating the Pauli principle. Furthermore the ''bosonic interactions'' are shown to originate from the exchange processes of the fermions and can be calculated from the original fermion interactions. Both the formulation of the BFH representations for the even and odd nuclear systems are given. We find that the basic equation of the nuclear field theory (NFT) is just the usual Schroedinger equation in such a representation with the empirical NFT diagrammatic rules emerging naturally. This theory was numerically checked in the case of four nucleons moving in a single-j shell and the exactness of the theory was established. | Simple form of Boltzmann equation will be proposed after introducing a three-dimensional closed Lie group to simplify its collision term. | eng_Latn | 26,868 |
Elastic scattering of negative pions from deuterons at 2.01, 3.77, and 5.53 GeV/c. | The differential cross sections for the elastic scattering of negative pions by deuterons have been measured for 2.01-, 3.77-, and 5.53-GeV/c incident pion momenta, over an interval of the squared four-momentum transfer from -0.25 ${(\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}/\mathit{c})}^{2}$ to \ensuremath{\sim}-1.0 ${(\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}/\mathit{c})}^{2}$. The results are consistent with calculations based on a Glauber model of the scattering process. | The $\Lambda\Lambda$-$\Xi N$-$\Sigma\Sigma$ coupling in $^{~6}_{\Lambda\Lambda}$He is studied with the [$\alpha$ + $\Lambda$ + $\Lambda$] + [$\alpha$ + $\Xi$ + $N$] + [$\alpha$ + $\Sigma$ + $\Sigma$] model, where the $\alpha$ particle is assumed as a frozen core. We use the Nijmegen soft-core potentials, NSC97e and NSC97f, for the valence baryon-baryon part, and the phenomenological potentials for the $\alpha-B$ parts ($B$=$N$, $\Lambda$, $\Xi$ and $\Sigma$). We find that the calculated $\Delta B_{\Lambda\Lambda}$ of $^{~6}_{\Lambda\Lambda}$He for NSC97e and NSC97f are, respectively, 0.6 and 0.4 MeV in the full coupled-channel calculation, the results of which are about half in comparison with the experimental data, $\Delta B^{exp}_{\Lambda\Lambda}=1.01\pm0.20^{+0.18}_{-0.11}$ MeV. Characteristics of the $S=-2$ sector in the NSC97 potentials are discussed in detail. | eng_Latn | 26,869 |
Alkylidene derivatives of syn-sesquinorbornatriene. 13C NMR and theoretical analysis of homoconjugative orbital interactions | Abstract Despite downward folding of the central π linkage in 7 and 13 , polarization of the exocyclic olefinic bonds does not surpass that seen in 1 and is not at all affected by cumulative carbomethoxy substitution of the peripheral unsaturated centers as in 9 and 10 . | We calculate the chiral condensate of QCD at infinite coupling as a function of the number of fundamental fermion flavours using a lattice diagrammatic approach inspired by recent work of Tomboulis, and other work from the 80's. We outline the approach where the diagrams are formed by combining a truncated number of sub-diagram types in all possible ways. Our results show evidence of convergence and agreement with simulation results at small Nf. However, contrary to recent simulation results, we do not observe a transition at a critical value of Nf. We further present preliminary results for the chiral condensate of QCD with symmetric or adjoint representation fermions at infinite coupling as a function of Nf for Nc = 3. In general, there are sources of error in this approach associated with miscounting of overlapping diagrams, and over-counting of diagrams due to symmetries. These are further elaborated upon in a longer paper. | eng_Latn | 26,870 |
Search for Evidence of Parity Nonconservation inπ+-Meson Production by Polarized Protons | It was recently suggested that the rise in the photopion cross sections above 500 Mev may be interpreted as being due to another resonance in the pion- nucleon system. Since the pi /sup +/ cross section is the larger, the resonance must presumably be in a T = 1/2 state. From observation of the angular distributions, it is also possible to determine the probable angular momentum and parity of such a state. (W.D.M.) | Abstract We present a convenient analytical parametrization, in both configuration and momentum spaces, of the deuteron wave-function calculated with the Paris potential. | eng_Latn | 26,871 |
Spherical symmetry and magnetic monopoles | Abstract I give a general, gauge-invariant, definition of spherical symmetry in a gauge theory. I show that if the fields are required to be non-singular at the origin, such symmetry can occur only for certain values of the magnetic charge. One consequence is the existence of stable monopoles which are not spherically symmetric. | Measurements performed at the Tevatron of both the like-sign dimuon charge asymmetry inBd;s-meson samples and the mixing-induced CP asymmetry inBs! J= depart from their standard model (SM) predictions. This could be an indication for new CP phases in B = 2 transitions, preferentially in Bs{ Bs mixing. The experimental situation, however, remained inconclusive, as it favored values of the element s of the decay matrix in the Bs-meson system that are notably dierent | eng_Latn | 26,872 |
Atomic electric-dipole moments from Higgs-boson-mediated interactions | Electric-dipole moments of paramagnetic atoms can provide important insights into a unique kind of CP violation involving Higgs-boson-mediated interactions between leptons and hadrons. We report a limit for the coupling constant of such an interaction by combining the results of our relativistic many-body calculations and experimental data on the electric-dipole moment of atomic thallium. The importance of electron correlation in determining this limit is highlighted and its significance in the context of particle physics and cosmology is pointed out. | Abstract We present a convenient analytical parametrization, in both configuration and momentum spaces, of the deuteron wave-function calculated with the Paris potential. | eng_Latn | 26,873 |
ON THE APPLICATION OF CONFORMAL SYMMETRY TO QUANTUM FIELD THEORY* | Abstract To leading order in α s ( Q 2 ) conformal symmetry specifies the eigensolutions of the evolution equation for meson distribution amplitudes, the wavefunctions which control large-momentum-transfer exclusive mesonic processes in QCD. We find that at next to leading order, the eigensolutions in various field theories depend on the regularization scheme, even for zero β-function. This is contrary to the expectations of conformal symmetry. | The status is reviewed of the dual superconductivity of QCD vacuum as a mechanism of color confinement. | yue_Hant | 26,874 |
The Status of the Taiwan Photon Source | NSRRC has been operating a 1.5 GeV synchrotron light source, the Taiwan Light Source (TLS), for over 15 years and has established a large user community. For the future development of synchrotron radiation research in Taiwan, a feasibility study report to construct a 3.0 GeV low‐emittance storage ring, the Taiwan Photon Source (TPS), was issued in July 2005. The government approval of the TPS project was obtained in December 2007 and the machine will be built at current site of NSRRC. The project has progressed steadily since and reached several major milestones now: the architect firm has finished the site plan and civil design, the accelerator design has been fixed, and purchase of long‐lead items begins its course. The TPS storage ring has a circumference of 518.4 meters with a concentric booster of 496.8 meters. The storage ring adopted a 24‐cell double‐bend structure with a 1.6 nm‐rad natural emittance. There are six 12‐m and eighteen 7‐m ID straights. For user research, five new beamlines have been ... | Recently, both ATLAS and CMS collaborations report an excess at 750GeV in the diphoton invariant mass spectrum at 13TeV LHC. If it is a new scalar produced via loop induced gluon-gluon fusion process, it is important to know what is the particle in the loop. In this work, we investigate the possibility of determine the fraction of the contribution from the standard model top-quark in the loop. | eng_Latn | 26,875 |
Thin film coatings which inhibit spin relaxation of polarized potassium atoms | Abstract A new technique is being developed at Argonne National Laboratory to produce a beam of polarized deuterium atoms. A part of the apparatus consists of a small cell which contains potassium vapor. The potassium atoms are polarized by circularly polarized light from a high-power cw laser. A port feeds deuterium into the cell and the polarization of the potassium is transferred to the deuterium by spin-exchange scattering. It is important that the potassium and deuterium atoms do not lose polarization by scattering from the walls of the exchange cell. We have tried various coatings of the exchange walls in order to inhibit losses from spin relaxation. Methods used to produce these coatings as well as their success will be described. | We calculate the threshold T-matrices of kaon-nucleon and antikaon-nucleon scattering to one loop order in SU(3) heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory. To that order the complex-valued isospin-1 $\bar KN$ threshold T-matrix can be successfully predicted from the isospin-0 and 1 $KN$ threshold T-matrices. As expected perturbation theory fails to explain the isospin-0 $\bar KN$ threshold T-matrix which is completely dominated by the nearby subthreshold $\Lambda^*(1405)$-resonance. Cancelations of large terms of second and third chiral order are observed as they seem to be typical for SU(3) baryon chiral perturbation theory calculations. We also give the kaon and eta loop corrections to the $\pi N$ scattering lengths and we investigate $\pi\Lambda$ scattering to one-loop order. The second order s-wave low-energy constants are all of natural size and do not exceed 1 GeV$^{-1}$ in magnitude. | eng_Latn | 26,876 |
Borel resummation of soft gluon radiation and higher twists | We show that the well-known divergence of the perturbative expansion of resummed results for processes such as deep-inelastic scattering and Drell-Yan in the soft limit can be treated by Borel resummation. The divergence in the Borel inversion can be removed by the inclusion of suitable higher twist terms. This provides us with an alternative to the standard 'minimal prescription' for the asymptotic summation of the perturbative expansion, and it gives us some handle on the role of higher twist corrections in the soft resummation region. | Cops of various sizes have been unwound under different conditions and records taken of the tensions in the running yarn from the full to the empty cops. These tests have shown the extent of the tension rise which may occur as the cop base unwinds. Equations have been evolved which give the tension obtained as the cop body unwinds, and also that reached at the base of the cop. Certain recommendations are made for ensuring that the tension rise is as low as possible under any particular condition of unwinding, and the value of cop tubes having conical bases in eliminating this rise in tension is shown. Different types of pirn have also been unwound under various conditions and the tension variations again measured. Equations have been evolved for predicting the body and base tensions prior to the introduction of shuttle accessories such as eyes, tension devices, fur, etc. Recommendations are made for reducing the rise in tension at the pirn base to a minimum, and the superiority of the cone-based pirn over... | eng_Latn | 26,877 |
ac Josephson effect in a single quantum channel | We have calculated all the components of the current in a short one-dimensional channel between two superconductors for arbitrary voltages and transparencies $D$ of the channel. We demonstrate that in the ballistic limit ( $D\ensuremath{\simeq}1$) the crossover between the quasistationary evolution of the Josephson phase difference $\ensuremath{\phi}$ at small voltages and transport by multiple Andreev reflections at larger voltages can be described as the Landau-Zener transition induced by finite reflection in the channel. For perfect transmission and vanishing energy relaxation rates the stationary current-phase relation is never recovered, and $I(\ensuremath{\phi}){\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}I}_{c}\ensuremath{\mid}\mathrm{sin}\ensuremath{\phi}/2\ensuremath{\mid}\mathrm{sgn}V$ for arbitrary small voltages. | We discuss some recent phenomenological models for strong interactions based on the idea of gauge/string duality. A very good estimate for hadronic masses can be found by placing an infrared cut off in AdS space. Considering static strings in this geometry one can also reproduce the phenomenological Cornell potential for a quark anti-quark potential at zero temperature. Placing static strings in an AdS Schwarzschild space with an infrared cut off one finds a transition from a confining to a deconfining phase at some critical horizon radius (associated with temperature). | eng_Latn | 26,878 |
Structure of hadron beam jets at smallP T | A dynamical model of hadron beam jets in high energy hadron-hadron collisions at smallpT is presented on the basis of the assumptions that (i) a meson is composed of a constituent quarkq and an antiquark\(\bar q\), while a baryon is composed ofq andqq (diquark), and (ii) mesons, baryons and antibaryons are emitted via the cascade mechanism ofq andqq. These assumptions lead to a simple treatment of meson, baryon and antibaryon productions from hardon beam jets. A set of coupled integral equations for\(\bar q\) andqq fragmentation functions is solved in moment space and converted into the longitudinal distribution. Inclusive spectra of hadrons directly produced from beam jets are compared with data. | Abstract We present a convenient analytical parametrization, in both configuration and momentum spaces, of the deuteron wave-function calculated with the Paris potential. | eng_Latn | 26,879 |
Lachesis: a job scheduler for the Cray T3E | This paper presents the design and implementation of Lachesis, a job scheduler for the Cray T3E. Lachesis was developed at the San Diego Supercomputer Center (SDSC) in an attempt to correct some problems with the scheduling system Cray provides with the T3E. | We study spatial correlation functions of static quark-antiquark pairs in QCD with 2+1 flavors in order to better understand color screening at high temperatures. ::: We performed lattice simulations in a wide temperature window $115\,{\rm MeV}\lesssim T\lesssim 5.8\,{\rm GeV}$ using the using the highly improved staggered quark (HISQ) action, the tree-level improved Symanzik gauge action and several lattice spacings to control discretization effects. ::: By comparing our lattice results to analytic calculations at weak coupling as well as to the zero temperature result on the static energy we demonstrate that color screening sets in at distances $rT \simeq 0.25$. ::: We also conclude that in the distance regime $0.25<r T< 0.6$ the weak-coupling approach provides an adequate description of color screening. | eng_Latn | 26,880 |
CP Violation in B and K Decays: 2003 | These lectures give a brief description of CP violation in B and K meson decays with particular emphasize put on the determination of the CKM matrix. The following topics will be discussed: i) The CKM matrix, the unitarity triangle and general aspects of the theoretical framework, ii) Particle-antiparticle mixing and various types of CP violation, iii) Standard analysis of the unitarity triangle, iv) The ratio e ′ /e, v) The most important strategies for the determination of the angles α, β and γ from B decays, vi) Rare decays K + → π + ν¯ ν and KL → π 0 ν¯ and vii) Models with minimal flavour violation, in particular those with universal extra dimensions. | Geophysical data (magnetics, bathymetry) of field activity H-1-67-SP in South Pacific from 04/08/1967 to 04/10/1967, http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/infobank/h/h167sp/html/h-1-67-sp.meta.html. | eng_Latn | 26,881 |
Chiral corrections to kaon-nucleon scattering lengths | We calculate the threshold T-matrices of kaon-nucleon and antikaon-nucleon scattering to one loop order in SU(3) heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory. To that order the complex-valued isospin-1 $\bar KN$ threshold T-matrix can be successfully predicted from the isospin-0 and 1 $KN$ threshold T-matrices. As expected perturbation theory fails to explain the isospin-0 $\bar KN$ threshold T-matrix which is completely dominated by the nearby subthreshold $\Lambda^*(1405)$-resonance. Cancelations of large terms of second and third chiral order are observed as they seem to be typical for SU(3) baryon chiral perturbation theory calculations. We also give the kaon and eta loop corrections to the $\pi N$ scattering lengths and we investigate $\pi\Lambda$ scattering to one-loop order. The second order s-wave low-energy constants are all of natural size and do not exceed 1 GeV$^{-1}$ in magnitude. | Periodic arrays of microresonators coupled to channel waveguides, and Bragg stacks of quantum wells, are two drastically different physical systems that exhibit the same dispersion relation. Similarities and differences in their optical properties are presented. | eng_Latn | 26,882 |
Non-QGP mechanisms for J/ψ suppression in h-A and A-A processes | The data of charmonium/bottonium suppressions in p-A collisions are analyzed by considering the shadowing effect of the gluon structure function at small x, the absorption in the target nuclei and the energy degradation of the produced\(c\bar c\) pairs. The A-andx 2-dependences of the suppression in p-A collisions are well described based on above physical considerations. The J/ψ suppression data in A-A collisions are also analyzed based on these mechanisms. | From the point of view of changing the economic growth mode, under the guidance of system theory “The whole is greater than the sum of its parts”, this paper sets up a grey situation decision model. By analyzing the general effect measure, countermeasures affect measures and event effect measures of output, we find that the whole-scale agriculture structure of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region is reasonable. Parts of it need adjusting. Some beneficial conclusions were given in this paper. | eng_Latn | 26,883 |
g AgV from chiral symmetry breaking | The ratio of the axial to vector neutron decay constants is determined via QCD sum rules. The advantageous use of the arbitrariness in the definition of the nucleon operator leads to a result which is unambiguous. The only input parameter is the value of the chiral symmetry breaking vacuum quark condensate.\(\langle \bar \Psi \Psi \rangle ^{{1 \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {1 3}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} 3}} = - 250 MeV\) the output isgA/gV=1.22. | We have studied segregation and embrittling energy of sp ::: elements of the 3rd, 4th and 5th period (Al, Si, P, S, Ga, Ge, ::: As, Se, In, Sn, Sb and Te) at the Sigma5(210) grain boundary ::: (GB) in fcc nickel and the segregation of these impurities at ::: the (210) free surface (FS). Full relaxation of the geometric ::: configuration of the GB and FS without and with impurities has ::: been performed and the effect of impurities on the distribution ::: of magnetic moments has been analysed. We determined the ::: embrittling energy from the difference between the GB and FS ::: binding energies on the basis of the Rice Wang model. and we ::: separated embrittling energy into the chemical and mechanical ::: part. | eng_Latn | 26,884 |
Measurements of non-leptonic weak decays of lambda hypernuclei | Aspects of recent measurements of the mesonic and non‐mesonic partial decay rates of Λ5He and Λ12C are discussed. We comment on what the experiments tell us about the spin‐isospin structure of ΔS=1 weak interaction in the nuclear environment. | We describe preliminary results from an effort to quantify the uncertainties in parton distribution functions and the resulting uncertainties in predicted physical quantities. The production cross section of the $W$ boson is given as a first example. Constraints due to the full data sets of the CTEQ global analysis are used in this study. Two complementary approaches, based on the Hessian and the Lagrange multiplier method respectively, are outlined. We discuss issues on obtaining meaningful uncertainty estimates that include the effect of correlated experimental systematic uncertainties and illustrate them with detailed calculations using one set of precision DIS data. | eng_Latn | 26,885 |
Higgs-boson radiative corrections to the decayS13(QQ¯)→Hγ | We consider one-loop radiative corrections to the Wilczek mechanism (/sup 3/S/sub 1/(QQ-bar)..-->..H..gamma..) due to a subset of the electroweak theory, the Higgs sector, in the standard model and discuss extensions to two-Higgs-doublet models. We discuss the circumstances under which such corrections can be important. | 4 pages.-- PACS numbers: 05.45.Xt, 87.10.+e.-- ArXiv pre-print: http://arxiv.org/abs/nlin.CD/0512009.-- Final full-text version of the paper available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.73.055202. | eng_Latn | 26,886 |
Identification of τ leptons at the DØ experiment | The article describes the identification of hadronically decaying τ leptons in p p ¯ collisions at 1.96 TeV collected by the DO detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. After a brief description of the motivations and the challenges of considering τ leptons in high energy hadronic collisions, details of the τ reconstruction and identification will be discussed. The challenges associated for τ energy measurements in an hadronic environment will be presented including approaches to deal with such measurements. | Abstract We present a convenient analytical parametrization, in both configuration and momentum spaces, of the deuteron wave-function calculated with the Paris potential. | eng_Latn | 26,887 |
High energy astrophysics with ultra-intense lasers | Summary form only given, substantially as follows. Reviews fifteen possible model experiments on astrophysics with lasers. When a focused ultra-intense laser irradiates a high-Z material, relativistic high-energy electrons are efficiently produced, and subsequent nuclear and QED (quantum electrodynamics) phenomena are expected to take place inside the target. The relativistic Fokker-Planck equation has been solved numerically for electrons and positrons with parameters used in the experiment. The author clarifies what physics is most important in the experiment and how the energy spectrum of the created positrons are determined. Such studies suggest that relativistic and dense electron-positron plasmas can be made in the laboratory. | We discuss some recent phenomenological models for strong interactions based on the idea of gauge/string duality. A very good estimate for hadronic masses can be found by placing an infrared cut off in AdS space. Considering static strings in this geometry one can also reproduce the phenomenological Cornell potential for a quark anti-quark potential at zero temperature. Placing static strings in an AdS Schwarzschild space with an infrared cut off one finds a transition from a confining to a deconfining phase at some critical horizon radius (associated with temperature). | eng_Latn | 26,888 |
KN scattering and meson exchange | K+N scattering phase shifts have been calculated with a meson-exchange model based on vector-meson (ω, ϱ)- and Λ-baryon exchange. Fair agreement with empirical data has been found except for the isospin-1 P32 wave. This partial wave is remarkably improved by adding, instead of scalar-isoscalar σ-exchange, explicit second-order ϱ-exchange involving ΔK intermediate states. | The finding of an explicit effective action describing amplitude of photon triple splitting is investigated through Krein space quantization and quantum metric fluctuation. Using the derivative expansion method, the one-loop radiative corrections from Lorentz- and CPT- violating extended Krein QED shows that it is not possible to find a nonzero effective action. | eng_Latn | 26,889 |
Expansion Around the Mean Field in Quantum Magnetic Systems | We introduce a new definition of ordered phase in a magnetic system based on properties of the local spin state probability. A statistical functional associated to this quantity depends both on amplitude and direction of the local magnetization. We show that it is possible to introduce an expansion at fixed magnetization amplitude in the inverse of lattice coordination number if the direction is selected by an extremum condition. In the limit of infinite coordination number we recover the mean field results. First order corrections are derived for the Ising model in the presence of a transverse field and for the XY model. Our results concerning critical temperature and order parameter compare favorably with other approaches. | Abstract Within the framework of perturbative QCD I show that the high energy factorization formula for jets observables resumming to all orders the leading log(s) can be extended to next-to-leading log(s) approximation. In addition, I provide the last missing factor of such a formula, namely the NL correction to the jet-production vertex. This makes it possible to perform accurate analyses of high energy processes like dijets at hadron-hadron colliders as well as forward jets at lepton-hadron colliders in a framework that is now consistent with both DGLAP evolution and BFKL evolution, providing a quantitative tool for exploring QCD in the high energy regime. | eng_Latn | 26,890 |
Search for Exotic Strange Quark Matter in High Energy Nuclear Reactions | We report on a search for metastable positively and negatively charged states of strange quark matter in Au+Pb reactions at 11.6 A GeV/c in experiment E864. We have sampled approximately six billion 10% most central Au+Pb interactions and have observed no strangelet states (baryon number A < 100 droplets of strange quark matter). We thus set upper limits on the production of these exotic states at the level of 1-6 x 10^{-8} per central collision. These limits are the best and most model independent for this colliding system. We discuss the implications of our results on strangelet production mechanisms, and also on the stability question of strange quark matter. | The superluminal radio components observed in microquasars are usuallyinterpreted as individual ejection events. We discuss some of theshortcomings of this model and propose the internal shock model inquasi-continuous relativistic jets as an alternative. This model canresolve the problems with the single ejection model and is inagreement with radio observations. We outline some further testablemodel predictions some of which are already confirmed by observations. | eng_Latn | 26,891 |
Mass Defect in the Noncommutative Schwarzschild Space-Time | In this paper we investigate the mass defect and other gravitational effects in noncommutative Schwarzschild space-time obtained by considering particles as smeared objects. The effects of space-time noncommutativity on mass defect of a test particle and a homogeneous spherical shell are calculated. The NC corrections to gravitational redshift, and light-speed in Schwarzschild field are briefly discussed. The results show that the NC corrections have weakening action on these gravitational effects comparing with those in commutative cases. | In Ref. [1] we proposed a model for Heterotic $F$-theory duality with Wilson line symmetry-breaking and a $4+1$ split of the $F$-theory spectral divisor. One goal of this note is to call attention to the existence of right-handed neutrinos in our $F$-theory model. As pointed out in Section 4 of Ref. [2] such existence may be evidence for the $U\left(1\right)_{X}$-symmetry that remains after the Higgsing of $E_{8}$ via \[ E_{8}\Rightarrow SU\left(5\right)_{gauge}\oplus\left[SU\left(4\right)\oplus U\left(1\right)_{X}\right]_{Higgs} \] occasioned by the $4+1$ split of the spectral divisor. In addition, as a result of the $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$-action that supports the Wilson line we argue that the $U\left(1\right)_{X}$-symmetry is, in fact, broken to $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$-matter parity. Finally we identify co-dimension $3$ singularities which determine Yukawa couplings for the MSSM matter fields. | eng_Latn | 26,892 |
Isoscalar-vector interaction and its influence on the hadron-quark phase transition | The hadron-quark phase transition is studied with the newly constructed Hadron–Poyakov-Nambu– Jona-Lasinio(PNJL) model. Particularly,in the description of quark matter,we include the isoscalar-vector interaction. With the constraints of neutron star observations,our calculation shows the isoscalar-vector interaction between quarks is indispensable if massive hybrids star exist in the universe. Its strength determines the onset density of quark matter,and the mass-radius relations of hybrid stars. Also,as a connection with heavy-ion-collision experiments,we discuss the strength of isoscalar-vector interaction and its effect on the signals of hadron-quark phase transition in heavy-ion collisions,such as NICA at JINR-Dubna and FAIR at GSI-Darmstadt. | We consider fast quasiperiodic perturbations with two frequencies ::: $(1/\varepsilon,\gamma/\varepsilon)$ of a pendulum, ::: where $\gamma$ is the golden mean number. ::: The complete system has a two-dimensional invariant torus in a ::: neighbourhood of the saddle point. We study the splitting ::: of the three-dimensional invariant manifolds associated to this torus. ::: Provided that the perturbation amplitude is small enough with respect to ::: $\varepsilon $, and some of its Fourier coefficients (the ones associated ::: to Fibonacci numbers), are separated from zero, it is proved ::: that the invariant manifolds split and that the value of the splitting, ::: which turns out to be exponentially small with respect to $\varepsilon $, ::: is correctly predicted by the Melnikov function. | eng_Latn | 26,893 |
HIP-1999-33/TH Canonical structure and boundary conditions in Yang-Mills theory †) | The canonical structure of pure Yang-Mills theory is analysed in the case when Gauss’ law is satisfied identically by construction. It is shown that the theory has a canonical structure in this case, provided one uses a special gauge condition, which is a natural generalisation of the Coulomb gauge condition of electrodynamics. The emergence of a canonical structure depends critically also on the boundary conditions used for the relevant field variables. Possible boundary conditions are analysed in detail. A comparison of the present formulation in the generalised Coulomb gauge with the well known Weyl gauge (A0 = 0) formulation is made. It appears that the Hamiltonians in these two formulations differ from one another in a non-trivial way. It is still an open question whether these differences give rise to truly different structures upon quantisation. An extension of the formalism to include coupling to fermionic fields is briefly discussed. | Abstract A very promising spin physics programme will be soon on the way at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). By studying the spin asymmetries for various processes (single photon, single jet and W ± production), we will compare the different predictions obtained using some sets of polarized parton distributions, available in the recent literature. We will put some emphasise on the analysis of the anticipated errors, given the event rates expected from this high luminosity new machine and the current acceptance for the detector systems at RHIC. | eng_Latn | 26,894 |
Highly Controllable Programming and Excellent Retention Quantum Conductance | Highly controllable programming and excellent retention and heat stability quantum conductance has been obtained based on the oxygen vacancy-quantum point contact constructed by oxygen ions migration in the electric field. | The dependence of the differential cross section ${\mathrm{d}\sigma}/{\mathrm{d}p_{\perp}}$ of inclusive heavy quark production in pp and $\bar{\mathrm{p}}$p collisions on the renormalization and factorization scales is investigated. The implications of our results for experiments at TEVATRON and LHC are discussed. In particular, it is shown that the NLO QCD predictions for $\bar{t}t$ production at the LHC based on the Principle of Minimal Sensitivity are by 30-50% higher than the standard ones. | eng_Latn | 26,895 |
Scalar mesons above and below 1 GeV | We show that two nonets and a glueball provide a consistent description of data on scalar mesons below 1.7 GeV. Above 1 GeV the states form a conventional q nonet mixed with the glueball of lattice QCD. Below 1 GeV the states also form a nonet, as implied by the attractive forces of QCD, but of a more complicated nature. Near the centre they are (qq)()3 in S-wave, with some q in P-wave, but further out they rearrange as (q)1(q)1 and finally as meson–meson states. A simple effective chiral model for such a system with two scalar nonets can be made involving two coupled linear sigma models. One of these could be looked upon as the Higgs sector of nonpertubative QCD. | We discuss some recent phenomenological models for strong interactions based on the idea of gauge/string duality. A very good estimate for hadronic masses can be found by placing an infrared cut off in AdS space. Considering static strings in this geometry one can also reproduce the phenomenological Cornell potential for a quark anti-quark potential at zero temperature. Placing static strings in an AdS Schwarzschild space with an infrared cut off one finds a transition from a confining to a deconfining phase at some critical horizon radius (associated with temperature). | eng_Latn | 26,896 |
Precision tests of the standard model, the Higgs, and new physics | We present a concise review of the status of the standard model and of the search for new physics. | In this paper we investigate the role of the high density effects in the heavy quark production cross section in $pA$ processes at RHIC and LHC. We use, as initial condition, a gluon distribution consistent with fixed target nuclear data and the Glauber-Mueller approach to describe the high density effects. We show that this process can be used as a probe of the presence of the high density effects. Moreover, we include these effects in the calculation of the heavy quark production in $AA$ collisions, verifying that they cannot be disregarded both in the estimates of quarkonium suppression and in the initial conditions of the quark-gluon plasma. | eng_Latn | 26,897 |
A study of the neutrinoproduction of Phi and D_s^+ mesons | The neutrinoproduction of $\phi$ and $D^+_s$ mesons is studied, using the data obtained with the SKAT bubble chamber at the Serpukhov accelerator. It is found that the $\phi$ production occurs predominantly in the forward hemisphere of the hadronic c.m.s. (at $x_F > 0$, $x_F$ being the Feynman variable), with the mean yield strongly exceeding the expected yield of directly produced $\phi$ mesons and varying from $ 0) > = (0.92\pm0.34) \cdot 10^{-2}$ at $W > $ 2 GeV up to $(1.23\pm0.53) \cdot 10^{-2}$ at $W >$ 2.6 GeV and $(1.44\pm0.69) \cdot 10^{-2}$ at $W >$ 2.9 GeV, $W$ being the invariant mass of the hadronic system. The yield of leading $D^+_s$ mesons carrying more than $z = 0.85$ of the current $c$- quark energy is estimated: at $W > 2.9$ GeV, $ 0.85) > = (6.64\pm1.91) \cdot 10^{-2}$. It is shown, that the shape of the $\phi$ meson differential spectrum on $x_F$ is reproduced by that expected from the $D^+_s \to \phi X$ decays which, however, can account for only the half of the measured $\phi$ yield. | Abstract We present a convenient analytical parametrization, in both configuration and momentum spaces, of the deuteron wave-function calculated with the Paris potential. | eng_Latn | 26,898 |
Study of two- and three-meson decay modes of tau-lepton with Monte Carlo generator TAUOLA | The study of the $\tau$-lepton decays into hadrons has contributed to a better understanding of non-perturbative QCD and light-quark meson spectroscopy, as well as to the search of new physics beyond the Standard Model. The two- and three-meson decay modes, considering only those permitted by the Standard Model, are the predominant decays and together with the one-pion mode compose more than $85\%$ of the hadronic $\tau$-lepton decay width. In this note we review the theoretical results for these modes implemented in the Monte Carlo event generator TAUOLA and present at the same time a comparison with the Belle Collaboration data for the two-pion decay mode and the BaBar preliminary data for the three-pion decay mode as well for the decay mode into two-kaon and one-pion. | We present an exponential stability approach for a class of uncertain time-delay nonlinear systems by T-S model through state feedback and fuzzy observer-based controller.By using Lyapunov founction,sufficient conditions are deriverd for exponential stability and formulated in terms of linear matrix inequalities.Also the control gain and observer gain can be solved through the LMI. | eng_Latn | 26,899 |
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