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how social environments affect a child's outcome | The studies indicated clearly that money makes a difference to childrenâs outcomes. Less well-off children have worse cognitive, social-behavioural and health outcomes in part because they are poorer, not just because low income is correlated with other household and parental characteristics. Money in early childhood makes most difference to cognitive outcomes, while in later childhood and adolescence it makes more difference to social and behavioural outcomes. 2 Longer-term poverty affects childrenâs outcomes more severely than short-term poverty. | A lot of research has been devoted to socialization values held by parents because these values are known to play a role in shaping the ways in which children are being treated by their parents and how parents organize their children's home environment (see Hirsijarvi and Perala-Littunen 2001, Hoff et al. | eng_Latn | 8,800 |
what is family theory | Family systems theory is more than a therapeutic technique. It is a philosophy that searches for the causes of behavior, not in the individual alone, but in the interactions among the members of a group. The basic rationale is that all parts of the family are interrelated. | There are some similarities and differences between the following family theories: Bowenian, structural, and strategic family systems. The Bowenian theory was developed by Murry Bowen. Bowenain theory is used to see the patterns of inter-generational behaviors among family (Grand Canyon University, 2014). | eng_Latn | 8,801 |
importance of family for early childhood | Importance of early childhood development. The emotional, social and physical development of young children has a direct effect on their overall development and on the adult they will become. That is why understanding the need to invest in very young children is so important, so as to maximize their future well-being.mportance of early childhood development. The emotional, social and physical development of young children has a direct effect on their overall development and on the adult they will become. That is why understanding the need to invest in very young children is so important, so as to maximize their future well-being. | The research on family involvement leaves little doubt about the importance and the benefits of families' participation in children's education. Early childhood educators have traditionally encouraged parent involvement, so the transition may not be so difficult to involve families.Understanding families and communities is the starting point, and the goal of this chapter. From that understanding, it will be important to develop a philosophy about families.arly childhood educators have traditionally encouraged parent involvement, so the transition may not be so difficult to involve families. Understanding families and communities is the starting point, and the goal of this chapter. From that understanding, it will be important to develop a philosophy about families. | eng_Latn | 8,802 |
the sexual division of labor defines caring for elderly parents as __________. | Student Response Value Correct Answer Feedback A. Symbolic Interactionist B. Functionalist 100% C. Ecofeminist D. Conflict Theorist Score: 1/1 3. The sexual division of labor defines caring for elderly parents as: Student Response Value Correct Answer Feedback A. Patriarchy B. Women's 100%. | The Family Division hears cases involving estates of deceased persons, probating wills, commitments of persons alleged to be mentally ill, protection of legally incapacitated persons, adoptions, personal protection orders, divorce, custody and paternity, delinquency, and abuse and neglect of children. | eng_Latn | 8,803 |
what are support staff | As a candidate with Support Staff you are free to choose where and when you work to achieve your personal and career goals and maintain a positive life/work balance. Our experienced and dedicated team is on call to provide you with any support you need. Support Staff is proudly the first choice provider for many organisations. Our reputation as a leader in recruitment is due to our commitment to getting to know you and your business. | Family Support Services Family support services are community-based services that assist and support parents in their role as caregivers. Such services can take many different forms depending on the strengths and needs of the family, but their overarching goal is to help parents enhance skills and resolve problems to promote optimal child development. | eng_Latn | 8,804 |
what are family values | According to Merriam-Webster, family values are values especially of a traditional or conservative kind which are held to promote the sound functioning of the family and to strengthen the fabric of society. | Values are the principles or standards of behavior that are formed by life experiences and codes of conduct, implicitly and explicitly, from our family, culture(s), organization(s), institution(s), religion(s), nation(s), etc.. Generally, we have two forms of values, personal and core.alues are the principles or standards of behavior that are formed by life experiences and codes of conduct, implicitly and explicitly, from our family, culture(s), organization(s), institution(s), religion(s), nation(s), etc.. Generally, we have two forms of values, personal and core. | eng_Latn | 8,805 |
what is systems theory in family therapy | Family Systems Theory. The family systems theory is a theory introduced by Dr. Murray Bowen that suggests that individuals cannot be understood in isolation from one another, but rather as a part of their family, as the family is an emotional unit. | Susan Newfield and Neal Newfield, two well-known professors from West Virginia University, presented the core principles of family therapy and how to help couples and families increase their problem solving abilities through systems theories. | eng_Latn | 8,806 |
what is support meaning | support - the activity of providing for or maintaining by supplying with money or necessities; his support kept the family together; they gave him emotional support during difficult times. 1 activity - any specific behavior; they avoided all recreational activity. | A tree branch supports this swing. A tree branch supports this swing. Support is defined as to provide comfort, encouragement or financial assistance to someone. 1 An example of support is listening to a friend in need. 2 An example of support is lending money to a sibling.rigin of support. 1 a supporting or being supported. 2 a person or thing that supports; specif., 3 a prop, base, brace, etc. 4 a means of subsistence. 5 an elastic, girdlelike device to support or bind a part of the body. 6 maintenance and service, as for a computer system's software or hardware: technical support. | eng_Latn | 8,807 |
what concepts from family consumer science was taken from other disciplines | Family and community concerns require students to draw from many disciplines: art, social psychology, economics, politics, cultural anthropology, philosophy, history, sociology, linguistics, biology, physics, and chemistry. Process is as important as knowledge as students learn about the problem and its resolution. | And, we offer excellent programs in areas which are uniquely related to agriculture, including nutrition and dietetics, food science, enology, child development, family science, fashion merchandizing and industrial technology. | eng_Latn | 8,808 |
what is matrilineal family system | Opposite of a patrilineal descent system is a matrilineal descent system, or a system of descent in which an individual's kin membership is traced through women.Again oversimplifying with some alliteration, it's one in which family descent is traced through the mamas! matrilineal descent system traces descent through the women of the clan. Again, making things simple, the matrilineal system traces descent through the mamas. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. | The family system. According to Bowen, a family is a system in which each member had a role to play and rules to respect. Members of the system are expected to respond to each other in a certain way according to their role, which is determined by relationship agreements. | eng_Latn | 8,809 |
Can you explain how the high rate of joblessness triggers other neighborhood problems that in turn undermine social organization? | When you have a neighborhood with a high rate of joblessness you are faced with a populace who becomes more concerned with a roof over their head and food on the table than any more esoteric concerns......referring back to Maslow's hierarchy of needs----safety issues and basic physical issues come before abstractions. Its hard to get excited about say, litter or vandalism or even school or tax issues when you are worried about feeding your family. | How about marrying a woman with more than one husband? I could benefit from my brothers, have plenty of time for myself, have plenty of help in caring for my children, but I might have to wait for alone time. \nCheck out the social heirarchy of gorilla packs and chimp tribes. Other primates have this sort of arrangement too, so its definately a part of our social anscestry. | eng_Latn | 8,810 |
people of the new and old generation think that love and romances this day is just a sort of game that can be done in one hour or even few seconds, they dont feel the real feeling of what love is deep inside them today they will get married after a week they will divorced i think this against the law of god i dont know if lots of people will be against me went they read this topic | It's a cultural shift to the age of information. People become jaded about life and love when they are bombarded with internet porn, unattainable bodies, soft drink ads, and winning free ipods. The ideals of our grandparent generation are gone. I don't think that there is all bad to come of this shift, i believe that we are more aware and informed then ever. We have way more options then the you have to marry girl down the street or the person you parent picked out for economic reasons. | I don't know if marriage is a basic human right. Living with dignity, access to clean water and decent food, those seem like human rights.\n\nMarriage is a convenient financial arrangement. For that reason I think legal unions between gays should be allowed. Right now a partner cannot be "next of kin" if the other is in the hospital. Most employers and states don't recognize a partner as a beneficiary or a dependent for insurance. Gay couples should have the same rights for this. \n\nFor the people who are against it, I am not sure why. It really doesn't affect them. I also don't get why gays are barred from adopting children. Is a kid better off bouncing around from group home or foster home to foster home? Don't you think that kid would choose a stable loving household over institutional care? | eng_Latn | 8,811 |
It seems that most modern countries take part in destroying the world. It’s not that 3rd world countries are doing any better, but they are not as big a threat to mother-nature, because they normally only have a small amount of industries.\nBut are all these industries not just because of greed? We don’t need that much to live a meaningful and healthy life.\nWhat do you think? | Exactly. A far bigger emphasis should be put on environment protection than it is getting now. Everybody and every country is only looking at their own interests while the amazing rainforests are being cut and the waters full of oil.. \nI'm from east Europe, air pollution is a big problem here too, still only few people think and talk about these. I hope they won't realise the importance of this when it will be already irreversible. | When I was growing up, my mom was able to stay home and raise her children. That time frame did not require both parents to work in order to pay the bills. Now that I am an adult, I have found that industrialization means that both parents must work, simply to make ends meet. We have less time as a family to sit down to supper (depending on the work schedules), and even less time to go on family outings. I think it is sad. We work mainly to pay the bills, like house and car insurance, health insurance, gas bills, etc, etc. It's not easy to live on one income anymore. Sadly, my children will probably grow up with the knowledge that both mom and dad have to work, again, just to make ends meet. | eng_Latn | 8,812 |
why do people drop out of school? | Some people migt not be able to afford it, or have to work to support their family. Others might even have kids of their own. You never know. | why cant you write a grammatically correct sentence that makes sense? | eng_Latn | 8,813 |
Is helicopter parenting a trend? | Is helicopter parenting a fad? | What is parenting in the Bible? | eng_Latn | 8,814 |
How would you describe American parenting culture? | How do you describe American parents? | What means "american way of life" for the americans youth? | eng_Latn | 8,815 |
How would you describe today's parenting practices? | How would you describe the current parenting practices on the us? | How do fathers who neglect their babies feel? | eng_Latn | 8,816 |
Comment: No, he clearly had the "ideal" parental dynamic: mom and dad.
Think of how different this may have been had he been adored by two women.
You're a jerk. | Comment: You're kind of a jerk! | Comment: Interesting, isn't it, how when a dialogue with an anti-feminist proceeds long enough, the chauvinist's argument boils down to wanting to re-make all women into his image of his sainted mother?
We women know that our children, well into their young adult years, still lack the maturity to see their mothers as three dimensional human beings, some psychologically immature folks never arrive there, no matter how old. As a primary educator of my children, now out of the infant and toddler stage, it is crucial for me to model for them that I am a fallible human being who has relationships and interests outside of being a mother, and that I was not put on earth to meet their every whim. A curious byproduct of patriarchy is this collective tendency to both demonize and idealize motherhood. Psychological maturity is to resist this tendency. | eng_Latn | 8,817 |
definition of mother agent | A mother agent or agency is usually the first modeling agency you begin working with when you start your modeling career. A mother agent can also be a scout that discovered you and helped you get your start. | An agent is also: 1 A scout who constantly researches what publishers are looking for. 2 An advocate for an author and his or her work. 3 A midwife who assists with the birth of a writing project. 4 A reminder who keeps the author on track if things begin to slip. 5 An editor for that last push before submission. | eng_Latn | 8,818 |
matrifocal family definition | adjective. The definition of matrifocal is a group, tribe or household led by a woman. An example of matrifocal is the Mosuo society in China. | The definition of matrilineal is a relative, behavior or other characteristic that is traced through a mother's lineage. An example of matrilineal is someone being half Italian because their mother is Italian. YourDictionary definition and usage example. | eng_Latn | 8,819 |
what is the meaning of modern family | The modern family is a smaller family. It is no longer a joint family. Moreover the tendency is to have a smaller family and the contraceptives help in checking the birth. | Modernity means contingency. It points to a social order which has turned from the worship of ancestors and past authorities to the pursuit of a projected future -- of goods, pleasures, freedoms, forms of control over nature, or infinities of information. | eng_Latn | 8,820 |
benefits of family | A to Z. Benefits entitlement Includes when and how benefit payments are made, benefits calculators and benefit fraud. Benefits for families Includes Child Trust Funds, childcare and the Sure Start Maternity Grant. Carers and disability benefits Includes Disability Living Allowance, Carer's Allowance and Employment and Support Allowance. Child Benefit Information about eligibility, claiming and when Child Benefit stops. | Family-friendly policies benefit employers, families, and society. Research shows that employers gain in employee recruitment, retention, loyalty, and productivity, all of which contribute to the bottom line. | eng_Latn | 8,821 |
why parents send special needs kids away | Marriage is hard work, period. Parenting is hard work, period. Parenting a child with special needs, is especially hard work, period! For those of you who are married or in a relationship, make time for that relationship away from your children. See also: The Barracuda Momma: Celebrating Momâs Gift of Sacrifice. | It depends on the particular child and the parentâs situation. Every effort is made to reunite parents and children; sometimes a child may live with you for a few days or for several months. Children may also leave foster care to be placed with relatives.We are a permanency driven agency and believe that if possible, children should reside with birth family or other suitable relatives. Many foster parents grow close to the children in their care.It can be difficult when they leave. Foster parents can and do adopt children that come into their lives through the foster care system when it is not possible for the child to return home or be placed with a relative.hildren may also leave foster care to be placed with relatives. We are a permanency driven agency and believe that if possible, children should reside with birth family or other suitable relatives. Many foster parents grow close to the children in their care. | eng_Latn | 8,822 |
who came up with neglectful parenting style | Indulgent parenting is a style of parenting in which parents are very involved with their children but place few demands or controls on them. Parents are nurturing and accepting, and are responsive to the child's needs and wishes.hildren whose parents are neglectful develop the sense that other aspects of the parentsâ lives are more important than they are. Many children of this parenting style often attempt to provide for themselves or halt depending on the parent to get a feeling of being independent and mature beyond their years. | The childrearing practices of these mothers and fathers exemplify what Diana Baumrind (1971) called permissive-indulgent parenting. They are affectionate, caring and involved, but tend to be extremely tolerant and to exert little or no control or discipline. | eng_Latn | 8,823 |
what is a helicopter parent | Definition of helicopter parent - a parent who takes an overprotective or excessive interest in the life of their child or children Definition of helicopter parent - a parent who takes an overprotective or excessive interest in the life of their child or children | Helicopter parenting refers to a style of parents who are over focused on their children, says Carolyn Daitch, Ph.D., director of the Center for the Treatment of Anxiety Disorders near Detroit and author of Anxiety Disorders: The Go-To Guide.he main problem with helicopter parenting is that it backfires, Dr. Dunnewold says. The underlying message [the parent's] overinvolvement sends to kids, however, is 'my parent doesn't trust me to do this on my own,' [and this leads] to a lack of confidence.. Undeveloped coping skills. | eng_Latn | 8,824 |
authoritarian parenting style definition | Authoritarian Parenting Style. By Stephen Walton © 2012. The Authoritarian Parenting Style is an extremely strict form of parenting that expects a child to adhere to rules and regulations set out by the parents with little or no input or communication from the child. | Characteristics of the Authoritarian Parenting Style. Authoritarian parents: Have strict rules and expectations. Very demanding, but not responsive. Don't express much warmth or nurturing. Utilize punishments with little or no explanation. Don't give children choices or options. | eng_Latn | 8,825 |
define mothers and daughter relationship | pertaining to or involving both a mother and her daughter, esp. the relationship itself or an activity in which both participate; also, pertaining to a mother-and-daughter partnership. Examples. | In a motherâs dream: Your daughter could represent the support you get from her; any ties you feel through being her parent; or even your own feelings and difficulties at her age, that might be surfacing at the time of the dream. | eng_Latn | 8,826 |
what is an fis form | Family Income Supplement (FIS) is a weekly tax-free payment available to married or unmarried employees with children. To qualify for FIS, your average total weekly family income must be below a certain amount for your family size. FIS pays 60% of the difference between your total family income and the income limit which applies to your family. To find out your weekly FIS payment, firstly calculate your total family income. | Looking for the definition of FIS? What does FIS stand for in Technology, IT etc. ? Find out it here! 27 meanings for FIS abbreviations and acronyms on acronymsandslang.com The World's most comprehensive acronyms and slang dictionary! Last Added | eng_Latn | 8,827 |
define matriarchate | The matriarchate is a system of relationship according to which the child is related only to his mother and to the persons connected with him through the female line, while he is looked upon as not related to his father and the persons connected with him through the male line. | Use matriarchate in a sentence. 1 a family, tribe, etc. ruled by a matriarch. 2 a matriarchal system, as in certain mythical tribes. | eng_Latn | 8,828 |
If you gone be cooking in the kitchen or you need to take care of your kids it look like a family orientation, then where attraction of love coming from? | Nothing proves true love until you know what true love is. Example watch the movie "The Notebook" and you'll find out. (the movie stars rachael mcadams and ryan gosling\n(I can't believe i'm the very first one to answer your question since nobody else wrote anything in your first 2 questions.) | For Question 1 , see\nhttp://www.spiritualschool.org/articles_everyday.htm\nhttp://www.wwzc.org/dharmaTalks/Freedom_And_Tyranny_Zen_Dogen_Zazen.htm\nhttp://www.quantonics.com/James_SPoP_Chapter_VI.html\nhttp://steinerbooks.org/research/archive/cosmic_and_human_metamorphoses/cosmic_and_human_metamorphoses_2.htm\nhttp://w3w3.blogs.com/w3w3com/business_madness/index.html\nhttp://www.swami-krishnananda.org/vision/vision_1.html\nFor Question 2 , do your best to have a continuous high self-esteem ; though it's not easy as it seems to be. The best ingredients are smiling and 'diving' into students' activities in order to forget about personal problems. | eng_Latn | 8,829 |
Fill in the blank with the word that has the same meaning as the definitions on either side but is pronounced differently in each case. \nClose in friendship:-------- : To make known | What do you mean by your edit? That they are wrong?\n\nThey aren't, intimate is pronounced differently in each case. | How about I give you an example: I refer to my mom's best friend as "Mom" as well as my own mother. Her kids are like my sisters and brothers. Even though we aren't biologically family, we treat eachother like family in all aspects (including the fighting!). We spend holidays together, etc. Also, my pets are my children. Pure and simple. I made my own family in a manner of speaking. :) Family is more than jsut a genetic relationship, it is a type of interaction. | eng_Latn | 8,830 |
Is it true that no parent truly loves their children equally? | Is it true that parents like their children all equally, or is it a myth? | What is it like to be the only child of parents who have no siblings themselves? | eng_Latn | 8,831 |
why are parents so important in kids life | They are a child's first teachers and act as role models in how to act and how to experience the world around them. By nurturing and teaching children during their early years, families play an important role in making sure children are ready to learn when they enter school. | Because the well-being of children depends on the quality of their relationship with both parents, it is important that parents understand the legal terms, laws and court orders regarding their children.The courts play an important role in assisting with the future living arrangements for children. | eng_Latn | 8,832 |
what parents nurture good | The Nurture Role. In the nurture role, you take care of your childrenâs basic needs, such as food, medical care, shelter, clothing, etc., as well as give love, attention, understanding, acceptance, time, and support. You listen to your children, are patient, and have fun with them. | See what science says about authoritarian parenting, tough love parenting and tiger mom parenting. Find this Pin and more on Parenting Advice by rand1588. You want to better parents to your kids, be their friends than a parent. Parenting Advice That Can Really Help You. You have taken a great step by researching for parenting tips. | eng_Latn | 8,833 |
why two parents are important | Both parents are equally important to their children. As it takes two people to bring a child into the world, it takes two to bring a child up. Mothers and Fathers are equally important at various stages of life. | Why Married Parents Are Important for Children. Children of divorce experience lasting tension as a result of the increasing differences in their parents' values and ideas. In the not too distant past this question would never have been asked. | eng_Latn | 8,834 |
does divorce have different effects on boy and girls | In general, the more people the child can turn to, the better. They will have different places to get support and comfort, and to ask questions. Childrenâs gender Of course, both boys and girls are affected by divorce and need support when a divorce occurs. However, researchers have found that boys are affected more. | Teens will likely want more details about the divorce and how it will affect their lives. Parents of teens should have open, calm conversations; support their teen's emotional reactions; and continue to maintain high expectations for their behavior. | eng_Latn | 8,835 |
defining family's values | family values. Also found in: Wikipedia. family values. pl.n. The moral and social values traditionally maintained and affirmed within a family. famâ²ily valâ²ues. n.pl. the moral and ethical principles traditionally upheld and transmitted within a family, as honesty, loyalty, industry, and faith. | Family values first recorded 1966. Phrase in a family way pregnant is from 1796. Family circle is 1809; family man man devoted to wife and children, man inclined to lead a domestic life is 1856 (earlier it meant thief, 1788, from family in a slang sense of the fraternity of thieves). | eng_Latn | 8,836 |
what is a nanny wheel | Nannies on Wheels provides a stimulating, friendly and caring environment where children can thrive in while learning and developing. Our curriculum is designed for age-appropriate experiential learning targeting children below the age of six. | A Governess is a trained caretaker and holds a nanny degree or certificate from a reputable college. She serves as both Nanny and educator. She will often structure a formal schedule that aims to further the development of the child/children. A Nanny or Governess is a trained professional childcare specialist. | eng_Latn | 8,837 |
dysfunctional family definition | In some cases, a child-like parent will allow the dominant parent to abuse their children.[1]. A dysfunctional family is a family in which conflict, misbehavior, and often abuse on the part of individual members occur continually and regularly, leading other members to accommodate such actions. | Dysfunctional Family Circus. The Dysfunctional Family Circus is the name of several long-running parodies of the syndicated comic strip The Family Circus, featuring either Bil Keane's artwork with altered captions, or (less often) original artwork made to appear like the targeted strips. | eng_Latn | 8,838 |
unfit mother definition | A parent will be deemed unfit if his or her child is abused. A parent may be deemed unfit if he or she is unable to provide food and clothing for a child. Substance abuse may result in a parent being labeled as an unfit parent. Mental instability may cause a parent to be labeled as unfit to care for children. | Putang Ina Mo. Puta = whore / bitch. Ina = mother. Mo = you. the phrase then means 'Your mother's a whore'. sometimes they say that the english version is 'son of a bitch'. | eng_Latn | 8,839 |
what percentage of divorcing couples have children? | Children living with both biological parents are 20 to 35 percent more physically healthy than children from broken homes. (Dawson, âFamily Structure and Childrenâs Health and Well-beingâ Journal of Marriage and the Family). 11. | A further 8% are two-parent cohabiting families in which both parentsare single. One-parent families where the parents are single (9%) or separated (7%) and not in a relationshipconstitute a significant minority of all families. | eng_Latn | 8,840 |
what factor might influence family composition? | For family disruption and delinquency, the composition of families is one aspect of family life that is consistently associated with delinquency. Children who live in homes with only one parent or in which marital relationships have been disrupted by divorce or separation are more likely to display a range of behavioral problems including ... | The circumstances of a parentâs death affect the intensity of a personâs grief. These factors include the current and past relationship with the parent, and the individualâs age at the time of the parentâs death. The timing of the death also affects survivorsâ reactions. | eng_Latn | 8,841 |
do kids ruin relationships | Child-proof your marriage: Don't let 'red-carpet' kids ruin your relationship. 1 Marital therapist warns against always putting your children first. 2 He said too many are being treated like mini-celebrities. 3 As a result, marriages are breaking down. | Childrenâs gender Of course, both boys and girls are affected by divorce and need support when a divorce occurs. However, researchers have found that boys are affected more. One reason might be that it is OK for girls to show their feelings in our society. | eng_Latn | 8,842 |
High-reflectance coatings and materials for the extreme ultraviolet | Performance of multilayer coated diffraction gratings in the EUV | Treatment with bexarotene, a compound that increases apolipoprotein-E, provides no cognitive benefit in mutant APP/PS1 mice | eng_Latn | 8,843 |
Computational parallels between the biological olfactory pathway and its analogue `The Electronic Nose': Part II. Sensor-based machine olfaction | Looking into individual coffee beans during the roasting process: direct micro-probe sampling on-line photo-ionisation mass spectrometric analysis of coffee roasting gases | Path collective variables without paths | eng_Latn | 8,844 |
Cell-compatible array of three-dimensional tip electrodes for the detection of nitric oxide release. | Sensing cell-secreted molecules | Cell-free hemoglobin limits nitric oxide bioavailability in sickle-cell disease. | eng_Latn | 8,845 |
Micro-size tapered silica fibers for sensing applications | Optical microfiber coil resonator refractometric sensor. | Sulfated chitosan as tear substitute with no antimicrobial activity. | eng_Latn | 8,846 |
Microfabrication and imaging XPS analysis of ITO thin films | Optical Detection of Ketoprofen by Its Electropolymerization on an Indium Tin Oxide-Coated Optical Fiber Probe | Sulfated chitosan as tear substitute with no antimicrobial activity. | eng_Latn | 8,847 |
Integrated MEMS actuation for force spectroscopy in liquid | Nanomechanical analysis of cells from cancer patients | Arginine methylation of the HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein results in its diminished function. | eng_Latn | 8,848 |
Nanometrology Using a Quasiperiodic Pattern Diffraction Optical Ruler | A Polar Symmetric CMOS Image Sensor for Rotation Invariant Measurement | Delayed Reactive Distractor Suppression in Aging Populations | eng_Latn | 8,849 |
Internal standardization and calibration of surface acoustic wave chemical sensor systems | Surface acoustic wave devices for chemical analysis | An Uncalibrated Stereo Visual Servo System | eng_Latn | 8,850 |
Diffusion of Ag ions under random potential barriers in silver-containing chalcogenide glasses | Ha Dielectric permittivity of ( Ag 3 AsS 3 ) x ( As 2 S 3 ) 1x superionic glasses and composites | Brain Injury Does Not Alter the Intrinsic Differentiation Potential of Adult Neuroblasts | eng_Latn | 8,851 |
A water content sensor for baked products | Electromagnetic determination of soil water content: Measurements in coaxial transmission lines | Completely water-processable and other chemically amplified resists from maleic anhydride copolymers | eng_Latn | 8,852 |
Dielectrophoretic detection of molecular bindings | Dielectrophoretic chromatography with cross-flow injection | S phase block following MEC1ATR inactivation occurs without severe dNTP depletion | eng_Latn | 8,853 |
Photoluminescent Porous Alginate Hybrid Materials Containing Lanthanide Ions | Alginate/porous silica matrices for the encapsulation of living organisms: tunable properties for biosensors, modular bioreactors, and bioremediation devices | High-affinity glucose uptake in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is not dependent on the presence of glucose-phosphorylating enzymes | eng_Latn | 8,854 |
1 History and Status of the CAFM | Atomic force microscope topographical artifacts after the dielectric breakdown of ultrathin SiO2 films | Chemically Delaminated Free-Standing Ultrathin Covalent Organic Nanosheets | eng_Latn | 8,855 |
Polymer microlasers with a suspended cavity design | Biosensing by WGM Microspherical Resonators | Condensation polymers: by interfacial and solution methods | eng_Latn | 8,856 |
nantiomerically selective vapochromic sensing | Fluorescence of Organic Molecules in Chiral Recognition | nantiomerically selective vapochromic sensing | eng_Latn | 8,857 |
Affinity-based biosensors as promising tools for gene doping detection. | A Bioanalytical Platform for Simultaneous Detection and Quantification of Biological Toxins | Hybrid Position and Force Control without Force Sensor | eng_Latn | 8,858 |
Monolithic integration of light emitting diodes, detectors and optical fibers on a silicon wafer: a CMOS compatible optical sensor | Optical Characterization of Non-Stoichiometric Silicon Nitride Films Exhibiting Combined Defects | Mice Lacking the Type I Interferon Receptor Are Resistant to Listeria monocytogenes | eng_Latn | 8,859 |
Introductory Bioelectronics: For Engineers and Physical Scientists | Implementation of a Low-Cost Automated LED Photometer for Enzymatic Reaction Detection to Teach Basic Bioelectronics Technologies in Vocational High Schools | Lipoprotein Electrophoresis Should Be Discontinued as a Routine Procedure | eng_Latn | 8,860 |
Bottom-contact organic field-effect transistors based on single-crystalline domains of 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl) pentacene prepared by electrostatic spray deposition | Improved alignment and crystallinity of TIPS-Pentacene thin films by off-center spin coating | Oral spray wintertime vitamin D3 supplementation has no impact on inflammation in Gaelic footballers | eng_Latn | 8,861 |
Simultaneous identification of the low-field-induced tiny variation of complex refractive index for anisotropic and opaque magnetic-fluid thin film by a stable heterodyne Mach-Zehnder interferometer | Ultrasensitive Magnetic Field Sensing Based on Refractive-Index-Matched Coupling | Transcriptional activation of HIF-1 by a ROS-ERK axis underlies the resistance to photodynamic therapy | eng_Latn | 8,862 |
A new reverse PET chemosensor and its chelatoselective aromatic cadmiation. | Specific heavy metal/metalloid sensors: current state and perspectives | High-affinity glucose uptake in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is not dependent on the presence of glucose-phosphorylating enzymes | eng_Latn | 8,863 |
Large core polymer optical backplanes for fluorescence detection | Optical particle detection integrated in a dielectrophoretic lab-on-a-chip | Radar backscatter is not a 'direct measure' of forest biomass | eng_Latn | 8,864 |
Optically switchable thin films: a review | Effects of Aluminium and Tungsten Co-Doping on the Optical Properties of VO2 Based Thin Films | Prescription Omega-3 Fatty Acid Products and Dietary Supplements Are Not Interchangeable. | eng_Latn | 8,865 |
An Evanescent Wave Fiber Optic Biosensor Based on Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence (MEF) | Dependence of metal-enhanced fluorescence on surface roughness | Completely water-processable and other chemically amplified resists from maleic anhydride copolymers | eng_Latn | 8,866 |
Modeling of photoresist erosion in plasma etching processes | Impacts of nonrectangular fin cross section on the electrical characteristics of FinFET | High-affinity glucose uptake in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is not dependent on the presence of glucose-phosphorylating enzymes | eng_Latn | 8,867 |
Potential of dry etching for the fabrication of fused silica micro-optical elements | Resist hardening without surface deviation | High-affinity glucose uptake in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is not dependent on the presence of glucose-phosphorylating enzymes | eng_Latn | 8,868 |
Optofluidic Lab-on-a-Chip Fluorescence Sensor Using Integrated Buried ARROW (bARROW) Waveguides | Optofluidic microsystems for chemical and biological analysis | Hybrid Position and Force Control without Force Sensor | yue_Hant | 8,869 |
Metal-enhanced fluorescence from CdTe nanocrystals: a single-molecule fluorescence study. | Plasmonic Molecular Nanohybrids—Spectral Dependence of Fluorescence Quenching | Genomic evidence for the absence of a functional cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene in mice and rats. | eng_Latn | 8,870 |
μ‐EXAFS, μ‐XRF, and μ‐PL Characterization of a Multi‐Quantum‐Well Electroabsorption Modulated Laser Realized via Selective Area Growth | Structural and electronic characterization of nano-sized inorganic materials by X-ray Absorption Spectroscopies | Quantitative Assessment of the Subepithelial Collagen Band Does Not Increase the Accuracy of Diagnosis of Collagenous Colitis | eng_Latn | 8,871 |
S-SWAT (softer single-wavelength anomalous technique): potential in high-throughput protein crystallography | De novo Phasing Xenons Observed in the Frog Ependymin-Related Protein | Spatiotemporal Nonattainment Assessment of Surface Water Tetrachloroethylene in New Jersey | eng_Latn | 8,872 |
A fast instrument for measuring polarization characteristics of pulsed IR and submillimeter laser emission | Polarization- and wave-vector direction-sensitive photocurrent in Ag/Pd nanocomposite films: effect of dc bias | MiR-146a negatively regulates TLR2-induced inflammatory responses in keratinocytes. | eng_Latn | 8,873 |
Distinct Physicochemical Properties of the First Ceria Monolayer on Cu(111) | STM Images of Anionic Defects at CeO2(111)—A Theoretical Perspective | Mice Lacking the Type I Interferon Receptor Are Resistant to Listeria monocytogenes | eng_Latn | 8,874 |
Single-Crystal-to-Single-Crystal Transformation of a Europium(III) Metal-Organic Framework Producing a Multi-responsive Luminescent Sensor | Versatile bimetallic lanthanide metal-organic frameworks for tunable emission and efficient fluorescence sensing | Oral spray wintertime vitamin D3 supplementation has no impact on inflammation in Gaelic footballers | eng_Latn | 8,875 |
Femtosecond mid-infrared spectroscopy of elementary photoinduced reactions | A Novel Optical Method To Reversibly Control Enzymatic Activity Based On Photoacids | Constant delay enumeration with FPT-preprocessing for conjunctive queries of bounded submodular width | eng_Latn | 8,876 |
Air and dielectric bands photonic crystal microringresonator for refractive index sensing. | Perforated Microring Resonators for Enhanced Sensing | Plasma cell labeling index and beta 2-microglobulin predict survival independent of thymidine kinase and C-reactive protein in multiple myeloma. | eng_Latn | 8,877 |
Simultaneous Enhancement of Efficiency and Stability of Phosphorescent OLEDs Based on Efficient Förster Energy Transfer from Interface Exciplex | High efficiency and low roll-off green OLEDs with simple structure by utilizing thermally activated delayed fluorescence material as the universal host | Eavesdropping Squirrels Reduce Their Future Value of Food under the Perceived Presence of Cache Robbers | eng_Latn | 8,878 |
Two-dimensional measurements of cell parameter distributions in reflective liquid crystal displays by using multiple wavelengths Stokes parameters | A High-Speed Measurement Method for Reflective Liquid Crystal Cells Using a Liquid Crystal Polarization-Converting Device | Fully nonparametric estimation of scalar diffusion models | eng_Latn | 8,879 |
Surface plasmon polariton in metal-insulator-metal configuration | Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors for Detection of Chemical and Biological Species | Pattern of antibiotic and heavy-metal ion resistance in recent hospital isolates of Staphylococcus aureus | ita_Latn | 8,880 |
Thermal and chemical stability of reflowed-photoresist microlenses | Reliability based design optimization of analog micro-mirrors using pullin criteria | Sulfated chitosan as tear substitute with no antimicrobial activity. | eng_Latn | 8,881 |
An Optical Impedance Investigation of a Gold Electrodeposition System | Advances in Electrochemistry and Electrochemical Engineering | Efficiency in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation-cellular deposits on polymethylpentene membranes increase resistance to blood flow and reduce gas exchange capacity. | eng_Latn | 8,882 |
Understanding medication adherence in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a review. | The multifunctional application of microfluidic lab-on-a-chip surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (LOC-SERS) within the field of bioanalytics | Visfatin promotes the malignancy of human acute myeloid leukemia cells via regulation of IL‐17 | eng_Latn | 8,883 |
Electrochemical chip integrating scalable ring–ring electrode array to detect secreted alkaline phosphatase | Overview of Optical and Electrochemical Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Biosensors: Recent Approaches in Cells Culture Techniques | High-affinity glucose uptake in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is not dependent on the presence of glucose-phosphorylating enzymes | eng_Latn | 8,884 |
Onset Kinetics of Thermal Degradation of Ultrathin Polyacrylamide Films | Heavy ion and proton beams in high resolution imaging of a fungi spore specimen using STIM tomography | High-affinity glucose uptake in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is not dependent on the presence of glucose-phosphorylating enzymes | eng_Latn | 8,885 |
Analytical absorption spectrophotometry in the visible and ultraviolet. The principles | A critical comparison of analytical flow systems exploiting streamlined and pulsed flows | High-affinity glucose uptake in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is not dependent on the presence of glucose-phosphorylating enzymes | eng_Latn | 8,886 |
Advances in Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices for Food and Water Analysis | Detecting Chemical Hazards in Foods Using Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices (μPADs): The Real-World Application | Detecting Chemical Hazards in Foods Using Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices (μPADs): The Real-World Application | eng_Latn | 8,887 |
Flexible and Adhesive Surface Enhance Raman Scattering Active Tape for Rapid Detection of Pesticide Residues in Fruits and Vegetables | Review of SERS Substrates for Chemical Sensing | SNARE Function Is Not Involved in Early Endosome Docking | eng_Latn | 8,888 |
Mechanistic Investigation of Photon Upconversion in Nd3+-Sensitized Core–Shell Nanoparticles | A core-shell-shell nanoplatform upconverting near-infrared light at 808 nm for luminescence imaging and photodynamic therapy of cancer | Porin channels in intact cells of Escherichia coli are not affected by Donnan potentials across the outer membrane. | eng_Latn | 8,889 |
A tactile sensor has been fabricated using NiCr-thin-film strain gauge with low noise by surface micromachining and slippage has been detected by using the tactile sensor. NiCr alloy thin film of Cr: 75wt% has very low temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) and is employed for suppressing the temperature noise and drift. The fabricated tactile sensor with NiCr thin film (Cr: 75wt%) has linear dependences of the resistance on normal and shear forces, and shows lower noise and temperature drift than that with conventional NiCr (Cr: 20wt%). Normal and shear forces measured by fabricated sensor well coincide with applied forces with errors of 3-3.5 kPa. Moreover, detection of slippage between the robotic hand and an acrylic object was detected by using fabricated tactile sensor array, and slipping condition can be judged at the rate of 76.5%. | A sheet-type shear force sensor and a measurement system for the sensor were developed. The sensor has an original structure where a liquid electrolyte is filled in a space composed of two electrode-patterned polymer films and an elastic rubber ring. When a shear force is applied on the surface of the sensor, the two electrode-patterned films mutually move so that the distance between the internal electrodes of the sensor changes, resulting in current increase or decrease between the electrodes. Therefore, the shear force can be calculated by monitoring the current between the electrodes. Moreover, it is possible to measure two-dimensional shear force given that the sensor has multiple electrodes. The diameter and thickness of the sensor head were 10 mm and 0.7 mm, respectively. Additionally, we also developed a measurement system that drives the sensor, corrects the baseline of the raw sensor output, displays data, and stores data as a computer file. Though the raw sensor output was considerably affected by the surrounding temperature, the influence of temperature was drastically decreased by introducing a simple arithmetical calculation. Moreover, the influence of pressure simultaneously decreased after the same calculation process. A demonstrative measurement using the sensor revealed the practical usefulness for on-site monitoring. | MLL1 regulates circadian promoters by depositing H3K4 trimethyl marks, whose levels are also modulated by the NAD+-dependent deacetylase SIRT1. SIRT1 is now shown to promote circadian deacetylation of MLL1, thus affecting MLL1's methyltransferase activity. | eng_Latn | 8,890 |
The time resolution has been measured of a BaF 2 scintillator mounted onto an ITL CPPM 320 UV channelplate photomultiplier. We obtained a intrinsic time resolution of 235 ps (fwhm) at 1.3 MeV. Compared to 120 ps for a Pilot U-XP2020 reference detector this result is rather poor. The explanation is found in the relatively poor quantum efficiency of the channelplate photomultiplier. | Performance of 1″ × 1″ LaBr3 (5% Ce) scintillator coupled to Hamamatsu R2083 PM Tube has been investigated for the first time. Energy response and timing characteristics of the present assembly have been studied at different operating conditions for its application in fast timing spectroscopy. An energy resolution of 3.38 ± 0.03% at 662 keV γ-energy was obtained in the present work at a bias voltage of − 2800 V and a linear response could be observed up to a bias voltage of − 2500 V. Time resolution of a single LaBr3:Ce crystal was found to be 174 ± 2 ps and 121 ± 3 ps for 511–511 and 1173–1332 cascades respectively. Effect of applied bias voltage on the time resolution of the set up was studied and a steady improvement with increasing bias voltage was observed. Present results were compared with the previous results obtained with similar fast PM tubes and importance as well as implications of the present measurement were also discussed. | In this work, cyclopropylamine (CPA) monomer was plasma-polymerized on poly (e-caprolactone) nanofiber meshes using various deposition durations to obtain amine-rich surfaces in an effort to improve the cellular response of the meshes. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to investigate the surface morphology and surface chemical composition of the PCL samples, respectively. The measured coating thickness was found to linearly increase with deposition duration at a deposition rate of 0.465 nm/s. XPS analysis revealed that plasma exposure time had a considerable effect on the surface N/C and O/C ratio as well as on amino grafting efficiency and amino selectivity. In addition, cell studies showed that cell adhesion and proliferation significantly improved for all coated samples. | eng_Latn | 8,891 |
Continuous flow matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) was demonstrated with infrared laser desorption and an ethanol matrix. A capillary was used to deliver an analyte solution dissolved in ethanol to a metal frit embedded in a sample stage. Typical flow rates were 1.7µL/min. An optical parametric oscillator tuned to 2.8µm was used for desorption and ionization, and mass analysis was achieved with a 1 m linear time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Flow injection studies were performed with low picomolar quantities of insulin and myoglobin in solutions containing 0.1 to 1.0% glycerol in ethanol. ::: ::: © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. | A continuous flow atmospheric pressure laser desorption/ionization technique using a porous stainless steel probe and a 6–7-µm-band mid-infrared tunable laser was developed. This ion source is capable of direct ionization from a continuous flow with a high temporal stability. The 6–7-µm wavelength region corresponds to the characteristic absorption bands of various molecular vibration modes, including O–H, C=O, CH3 and C–N bonds. Consequently, many organic compounds and solvents, including water, have characteristic absorption peaks in this region. This ion source requires no additional matrix, and utilizes water or acetonitrile as the solvent matrix at several absorption peak wavelengths (6.05 and 7.27 µm, respectively). The distribution of multiply-charged peptide ions is extremely sensitive to the temperature of the heated capillary, which is the inlet of the mass spectrometer. This ionization technique has potential for the interface of liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS). | By using a superluminescent diode as the light source and a depolariser inside the fibre coil, a constant scale factor is achieved without using polarisation control elements. For long-term behaviour an RMS-bias drift of 10 degrees/h is obtained. | eng_Latn | 8,892 |
Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) cells contain chains of magnetosomes, which are magnetite nanocrystals enveloped in a lipid bilayer. A water-based suspension of cultured MTB was prepared and the electric and magnetic properties were measured by two methods: a reflection method using an open-ended coaxial probe (0.5-50 GHz) and a transmission method using a rectangular waveguide (8.2-12.4 GHz). Based on the very good agreement obtained for the measured complex permittivity of a saline solution with data in the literature, we report here the results of both the complex permittivity and permeability of a suspension of cultured MTB. | In the present work we examine the efficiency of magnetotactic bacteria and biogenic magnetite nanocrystals as potential contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging. The tests include transverse and longitudinal relaxation measurements on two suspensions of magnetic particles prepared with magnetotactic bacteria and magnetosomes at the same concentration. We observed a strong reduction of the transverse relaxation time by the presence of magnetic particles. On the other hand, only a small influence on the longitudinal time is detected. | Many methods exist to invert airborne imagery from units of either radiance or sensor specific digital counts to units of reflectance. These compensation algorithms remove unwanted atmospheric variability allowing objects on the ground to be analyzed. Low error levels in homogenous atmospheric conditions have been demonstrated. In many cases however, clouds are present in the atmosphere which introduce error into the inversion at unacceptable levels. For example, the relationship that is defined between sensor reaching radiance and ground reflectance in a cloud free scene will not be the same as in an adjacent region with clouds in the surround. A novel method has been developed which utilizes ground based measurements to modify the empirical line method (ELM) approach on a per-pixel basis. A physics based model of the atmosphere is used to generate a spatial correction for the ELM. Creation of this model is accomplished by analyzing whole-sky imagery to produce a cloud mask which drives input parameters to the radiative transfer (RT) code MODTRAN. The RT code is run for several different azimuth and zenith orientations to create a three-dimensional representation of the hemisphere. The model is then used to achieve a per-pixel correction by adjusting the ELM slope spatially. This method is applied to real data acquired over the atmospheric radiation measurement (ARM) site in Lamount, OK. Performance of the method is evaluated with the Hyperspectral Digital Imagery Collection Experiment (HYDICE) instrument. The sensitivity to spectral sampling is also assessed by down-sampling the HYDICE data to the spectral response of the multi-spectral system Wildfire Airborne Sensor Program LITE (WASP Lite). Finally a method to utilize this approach when additional sensors (like a sky camera) are not available is | eng_Latn | 8,893 |
A reusable extended-gate field-effect transistor (FET) sensor with an 11-ferrocenyl-1-undecanethiol (11-FUT) modified gold electrode was developed for applying to enzyme immunoassay. It was found that the 11-FUT modified FET sensor detected a thiol compound 50 times or more repeatedly after a treatment with a 5% hydrogen peroxide solution. The gate-voltage shift of the FET sensor showed a fairly good linearity (R(2) = 0.998) within a range from 10(-2) to 10(-6) M on the concentration of 6-hydroxyl-1-hexanethiol, which is a thiol compound, at a Nernstian response of 58.5 mV/decade. The FET-based immunoassay was constructed by combining the 11-FUT modified-FET sensor with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), in which the enzyme chemistry of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was used to generate a thiol compound. The 11-FUT modified FET sensor with an AC voltage at 1 MHz superimposed onto the reference electrode detected the AChE-catalyzed product corresponding to a serum concentration of interleukin 1beta from 10 to 5000 pg/mL. In addition, all measurements were successfully performed by using the same FET-sensor chip after a treatment with a 5% hydrogen peroxide solution. | Miniaturization of the sandwich enzyme-based immunosensor has several advantages but could result in lower signal strength due to lower enzyme loading. Hence, technologies for amplification of the signal are needed. Signal amplification in a field effect-based electrochemical immunosensor utilizing chip-based ELISA is presented in this work. First, the molarities of phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and concentrations of KCl as ionic strength adjuster were optimized to maximize the GOx glucose-based enzymatic reactions in a beaker for signal amplification measured by change in the voltage shift with an EIS device (using 20 μl of solution) and validated with a commercial pH meter (using 3 ml of solution). The PBS molarity of 100 μM with 25 mM KCl provided the maximum voltage shift. These optimized buffer conditions were further verified for GOx immobilized on silicon chips, and similar trends with decreased PBS molarity were obtained; however, the voltage shift values obtained on chip reaction were lower as compared to the reactions occurring in the beaker. The decreased voltage shift with immobilized enzyme on chip could be attributed to the increased Km (Michaelis–Menten constant) values in the immobilized GOx. Finally, a more than sixfold signal enhancement (from 8 to 47 mV) for the chip-based sandwich immunoassay was obtained by altering the PBS molarity from 10 to 100 μM with 25 mM KCl. | We prove that groups acting geometrically on delta-quasiconvex spaces contain no essential Baumslag-Solitar quotients as subgroups. This implies that they are translation discrete, meaning that the translation numbers of their nontorsion elements are bounded away from zero. | eng_Latn | 8,894 |
We have treated 11 children for urinary incontinence with one or more endoscopic injections of polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) into the external urethral sphincter region. The procedure is simple to perform and without significant complications. Long-term results have been gratifying, with cure or improvement in 8 of the 11 patients. | The aim of this paper is to report a case of severe hydronephrosis and incontinence 20 years after bladder exstrophy repair, managed successfully by secondary ureteroneocystostomy and by transurethral submucosal injection of Macroplastique. | Gaseous and liquid xenon particle detectors are being used in a number of applications including dark matter search and neutrino-less double beta decay experiments. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is often used in these detectors both as electrical insulator and as a light reflector to improve the efficiency of detection of scintillation photons. However, xenon emits in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) wavelength region (λ≃175 nm) where the reflecting properties of PTFE are not sufficiently known. In this work, we report on measurements of PTFE reflectance, including its angular distribution, for the xenon scintillation light. Various samples of PTFE, manufactured by different processes (extruded, expanded, skived, and pressed) have been studied. The data were interpreted with a physical model comprising both specular and diffuse reflections. The reflectance obtained for these samples ranges from about 47% to 66% for VUV light. Other fluoropolymers, namely, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), fluorinated ethy... | eng_Latn | 8,895 |
Chemical sensing is of great importance in many application fields, such as medicine, environmental monitoring, and industrial process control. Distributed fibre-optic sensing received significant attention because of its unique feature to make spatially resolved measurements along the entire fibre. Distributed chemical sensing (DCS) is the combination of these two techniques and offers potential solutions to real-world applications that require spatially dense chemical measurements covering large length scales. This paper presents a review of the working principles, current status, and the emerging trends within DCS. | The fiber for the sensor is formed by cladding fused silica during drawing with polydimethyl siloxane into which an organic fluorescent dye, 9, 10-diphenylanthracene, has been dissolved. Upon side illumination at a wavelength within the excitation range of the dye, the cladding fluoresces; some of this fluorescence is coupled into guided modes in the fiber core through the evanescent fields of these modes. In the presence of oxygen, fluorescent emission by the dye is diminished. For the sensor described, the rubbery liquidlike nature of the polydimethyl siloxane cladding allows rapid diffusion of gases, and the intensity of the guided fluorescence is observed to drop by 30% in less than 5 s when the ambient atmosphere changes from pure nitrogen to pure oxygen. The advantages of this sensing technique, and some of the possibilities for new sensors based on this principle, are discussed. > | Berzelius failed to make use of Faraday's electrochemical laws in his laborious determination of equivalent weights. | eng_Latn | 8,896 |
We demonstrate the versatility of Al2O3-passivated Si nanowire devices ("nanoribbons") in the analysis of enzyme-substrate interactions via the monitoring of pH change. Our approach is shown to be effective through the detection of urea in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), and penicillinase in PBS and urine, at limits of detection of <200 μM and 0.02 units/mL, respectively. The ability to extract accurate enzyme kinetics and the Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) from the acetylcholine-acetylcholinesterase reaction is also demonstrated. | We present a novel microfluidic system that integrates droplet microfluidics with a silicon nanoribbon field-effect transistor (SiNR FET), and utilize this integrated system to sense differences in ... | Background ::: Serum calcium (Ca) and inorganic phosphate (Pi) concentrations and calcium-phosphate product (CPP) levels are positively associated with worse outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease, but there are few data for Pi or Ca and none for CPP in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). | eng_Latn | 8,897 |
With increasing concerns regarding diminishing treatment options for gonorrhea, maintaining the efficacy of currently used treatments and ensuring optimal Neisseria gonorrhoeae antimicrobial resistance surveillance are of the utmost importance. Penicillin is still used to treat gonorrhea in some parts of the world. In this study, we developed and validated a real-time PCR assay for the detection of penicillinase-producing N. gonorrhoeae (PPNG) in noncultured clinical samples with the aim of enhancing penicillin resistance surveillance. The assay (PPNG-PCR2) was designed to be an indirect marker of penicillinase activity, by targeting a region of sequence predicted to be conserved across all N. gonorrhoeae plasmid types harboring the beta-lactamase gene while not specifically targeting the actual beta-lactamase-encoding sequence. The assay was evaluated by using a total of 118 N. gonorrhoeae clinical isolates and 1,194 clinical specimens, including 239 N. gonorrhoeae-positive clinical samples from which N. gonorrhoeae cells were isolated and for which phenotypic penicillinase results are available. Overall, the PPNG-PCR2 assay provided 100% sensitivity and 98.7% specificity compared to bacterial culture results for the detection of PPNG in clinical specimens. PPNG-PCR2 false-positive results, presumably due to cross-reactions with unrelated bacterial species, were observed for up to 1.3% of clinical samples but could be distinguished on the basis of high cycle threshold values. In tandem with phenotypic surveillance, the PPNG-PCR2 assay has the potential to provide enhanced epidemiological surveillance of N. gonorrhoeae penicillin resistance and is of particular relevance to regions where penicillin is still used to treat gonorrhea. | Department of Microbiology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia 6009; School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia 6009; Communicable Disease Control Directorate, Grace Vaughan House, WA Health Department, Stubbs Terrace, Shenton Park, Western Australia, Australia 6008 | Solar cells, as promising devices for converting light into electricity, have a dramatically reduced performance on rainy days. Here, an energy harvesting structure that integrates a solar cell and a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) device is built to realize power generation from both sunlight and raindrops. A heterojunction silicon (Si) solar cell is integrated with a TENG by a mutual electrode of a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) film. Regarding the solar cell, imprinted PEDOT:PSS is used to reduce light reflection, which leads to an enhanced short-circuit current density. A single-electrode-mode water-drop TENG on the solar cell is built by combining imprinted polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a triboelectric material combined with a PEDOT:PSS layer as an electrode. The increasing contact area between the imprinted PDMS and water drops greatly improves the output of the TENG with a peak short-circuit current of ∼33.0 nA and a peak open-circuit voltage of ∼2.14 V, res... | eng_Latn | 8,898 |
PEDOT nanoparticles with a suitable nanosize of 17.2 nm, broad adsorption from 700 to 1250 nm, and photothermal conversion efficiency ( η ) of 71.1%, were synthesized using an environmentally friendly hydrothermal method. Due to the electrostatic attraction between indocyanine green (ICG) and PEDOT, the stability of ICG in aqueous solution was effectively improved. The PEDOT nanoparticles modified with glutaraldehyde (GTA) targeted bacteria directly, and MTT experiments demonstrated the low toxicity of PEDOT:ICG@PEG-GTA in different bacteria and cells. Pathogenic bacteria were effectively killed by photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) with PEDOT:ICG@PEG-GTA in the presence of near-infrared (NIR) irradiation (808 nm for PDT, and 1064 nm for PTT). The combination of the two different bacteriostatic methods was significantly more effective than PTT or PDT alone. The obtained PEDOT:ICG@PEG-GTA may be used as a novel synergistic agent in combination photodynamic and photothermal therapy to inactivate pathogenic bacteria in both the NIR I and II window. | Research on deep-tissue photothermal therapy (PTT) in the near-infrared II (NIR-II, 1000–1350 nm) region has bloomed in recent years, owing to higher maximum permissible exposure and deeper tissue penetration over that in the near-infrared I (NIR-I, 650–950 nm) region. However, more details need to be uncovered to facilitate a fundamental understanding of NIR-II PTT. Herein, a tumor-targeted therapeutic nanosystem based on NIR-responsive molybdenum oxide (MoO2) nanoaggregates was fabricated. The photothermal conversion capabilities of MoO2 in the NIR-I and II regions were investigated step by step, from a simple tissue phantom to a three-dimensional cellular system, and further to a tumor-bearing animal model. NIR-II laser exhibited a lower photothermal attenuation coefficient (0.541 at 1064 nm) in a tissue phantom compared with its counterpart (0.959 at 808 nm), which allows it to be more capable of deep-tissue PTT in vitro and in vivo. Depth profile analysis elucidated a negative correlation between the microstructural collapse of tumor tissue and the penetration depth. Moreover, the depth-related tumor ablation was also studied by Raman fingerprint analysis, which demonstrated the major biochemical compositional disturbances in photothermal ablated tumor tissues, providing fundamental knowledge to NIR-II deep-tissue photothermal therapy. | Blunt trauma abdomen rarely leads to gastrointestinal injury in children and isolated gastric rupture is even rarer presentation. We are reporting a case of isolated gastric rupture after fall from height in a three year old male child. | eng_Latn | 8,899 |
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