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The careers of professional women and men in Finland | The different conditions for a successful career of professional women & men were investigated on the basis of a mail questionnaire sent to 581 per sons with academic degrees in agricultural sciences, architecture, engineering, law, medicine, & forestry. The sample was stratified according to sex & field of study. The response rate was 80 %; 223 women & 230 men returned the questionnaire. Career success was measured by income & own evaluation of the appropriateness of professional placement. The following variables were correlated with the career success of both sexes: broad scope of professional activity, academic degree beyond the lowest one, contact with male co workers outside working hours, & freedom from homemaking obligations. Among women also good performance in secondary school, faithful service to the same employer, urban location, & progressive attitude toward woman's role in working life were correlated significantly with success. Among men only good academic performance, high prestige of fath... | Resumen en: This paper looks at country-average results in surveys of student-achievements like PISA, PIRLS or TIMSS. As other recent papers do, I advance the idea t... | eng_Latn | 8,600 |
Family Relationships as Moderators of the Association between Romantic Relationships and Adjustment in Early Adolescence | The role of adolescents’ family relationships as moderators of the negative associations between early steady dating and adjustment was investigated. Two hundred forty-four adolescents 13 to 14 years old reported on family and peer relationships (attachment security to mother and father marital conflict parenting style friend nominations) and adjustment. As predicted negative associations between early steady dating and adjustment were moderated by family factors and gender. For girls in families high in marital conflict steady dating was associated with lower self-esteem and in authoritarian families with more symptoms of depression. Girls securely attached to their mother and not dating steadily had higher grades. These findings suggest that success in prior relationships contributes to adolescents’ abilities to cope with later developmental challenges. (authors) | Purpose – This research aims to illustrate the differential treatment of children and pensioners in Russia and to explain why this has not led to age group conflict through an illustration of age group interdependency.Design/methodology/approach – Age group conflict is revealed through analysis of the government's policies to age groups and expenditure preferences. Interdependency is analysed by the calculation of poverty rates and contribution of age specific benefits, using nationally representative sample survey data.Findings – The Russian government treated pensioners preferentially to children, even though children were at higher risk of poverty. However, within each age group poverty rates are mediated by household structures. Pensioners who live with children face higher poverty rates than the average for pensioners and those who co‐reside with lone mothers face the highest poverty rates of all pensioners, while their pension contribution to the household is of vital significance. Children living w... | eng_Latn | 8,601 |
Barriers to equality: why British fathers do not use parental leave | ABSTRACTIn 2011, the UK passed the Additional Paternity Leave (APL) policy, but less than 1% of eligible fathers took APL in its first year. This study investigates reasons for nonuse of APL. We find four main reasons: financial costs, gendered expectations, perceived workplace resistance, and policy restrictions. First, most fathers emphasized the role of finances in their leave decisions, sometimes taking annual leave for their second week because statutory pay was not enough. Second, both mothers and fathers largely assumed that mothers would take longer maternity leave due to gender differences in earnings and a greater emphasis on maternal over paternal bonding. Third, fathers felt that their workplaces would not be fully supportive of longer leave. Fourth, APL provides low pay and little flexibility. Gender plays a prominent role in each of the four themes. We discuss implications for Shared Parental Leave (SPL), which recently went into effect. Based on our findings, SPL is unlikely to be effective. | This article explores the ways that gender, sexuality, pleasure, and risk are entangled in affective labour and the production of value in ‘front of house’ bar work. Through their work as bar staff... | eng_Latn | 8,602 |
The development and implementation of a fair market rental system for military family housing. | Abstract : This thesis examines the history of military family housing including the precedents for differential treatment of married military personnel; discusses the present management system for family housing; and describes the reasons and recommendations for the recent proposal for converting the present system of forfeiture of Basic Allowance for Quarters to a system of Fair Market Rental of quarters. It discusses the relationship of the Fair Market Rental concept with the subject with the subject of a salary system, and includes a brief description of the British experience with their all volunteer force and salary system. Some discussion is included regarding acceptance of a Fair Market Rental system by service members, and the effect of such conversion on the family housing management system. (Author) | Is our understanding of how individuals adjust to stressful life events increased when we analyze their adjustment in ways that recognize that these individuals are also married couples? The data used to answer this question came from a unique “natural experiment” occasioned by the forced evacuation of the Israeli settlement of Ophira under the terms of the Camp David Accords. We found that the adjustment of individuals within couples became more similar across the relocation, that is, couples adapted as a “family system.” This occurred because the coping skills of one member of the couple “drove” the adjustment of both partners. | eng_Latn | 8,603 |
Demographic, Situational, and Shopping Comparisons of Hispanic and Non-Hispanic Mall Patrons: | This study compares Hispanic and Anglo patrons of an upscale mall. The Hispanic respondents were younger, with higher household incomes, than the non-Hispanics. Fewer of the Hispanics, however, had college educations. There were significant differences in situational variables associated with the two groups. Although the Hispanics spent more time traveling to the mall, they spent less time in it. More Hispanics also tended to come with companions. Furthermore, Hispanics shopped more intensively: visiting more stores, more purchasingfood or beverage, and spending more money than the non-Hispanics. | As a kind of purchasing decision making subject,family is a very special organization.The internal role structure vicissitude of Chinese Urban Family is obvious during social and economic double transformation period.Take three medium-size urban family for example,our survey indicated not only marital roles in the family purchasing decision making varied with different product category,but also with purchasing decision processes.The conclusions probably provided some implications for the marketing communication and segmentation. | eng_Latn | 8,604 |
Relational Development Through the Life Cycle: Capacities, Opportunities, Challenges, and Obstacles: | Feminist theorists posit that women’s central organizing core is based on themes of affiliation, connection, and relationship, rather than the themes of separation, individuation, and autonomy that are emphasized in familiar models of development. Building on the work of theorists at the Stone Center and other writers on women’s development, this article proposes a model of development that highlights relational developmental tasks and obstacles throughout the life cycle. Emphasizing the experiences of girls and women, the article addresses both successful relational development and challenges to successful relational development and notes the contrasting relational experiences and challenges for boys and men. | The literature has focused on manufacturing strategy issues from diverse perspectives, most of which are concentrated on hard issues such as marketing and RD content perspective and process perspective. The former explores the context of manufacturing strategies, and the latter studies how manufacturing strategies are analyzed and formed. … | eng_Latn | 8,605 |
Adult Children as Caregivers: Egocentric Biases in Judgments of Sibling Contributions | This study examined filial caregivers' views of their own and their siblings' costs and contributions to the care of their parents. The respondents viewed their siblings' responses to the parents' needs as remarkably similar to their own, in spite of there being no actual similarity. Despite these perceived similarities, however, respondents perceived their siblings as contributing less than themselves, gaining less satisfaction, feeling freer to alter their caregiving, and being resistant to increasing their relative contributions. In order of importance, the extent of contact between the siblings, their feelings of closeness, the extent of parents' needs, their gender, the extent of resources spent, and personal regard for their siblings were significant predictors of these egocentrically biased perceptions. As expected, these egocentrically biased perceptions were important predictors of personal regard for their siblings. | The article discusses approaches to aspects of place and ::: identity in three late twentieth century British novels, The ::: Child in Time, City of the Mind, and Mother London in relation ::: to aspects of perspectives in urban geography on social and ::: urban development in 1980s London. | eng_Latn | 8,606 |
Flexibility and Constancy:The Reflection of Chinese "Mental thought" and Western "Physical thought" on Physical Activity | The difference of physical activity between the east and the west embodies the different ways of thinking between easterner and westerner.In brief,Chinese ancient sports reflect the mental thought of Chinese,while the western sports reflect the physical thought of westerner.The result of metal thought leads to the flexible rule of Chinese traditional sports.The physical thought leads to the constant global sport rules today. | A three-culture comparison—native South Korean, Korean immigrants to the United States, and native European American mothers—of two types of parenting cognitions—attributions and self-perceptions—was undertaken to explore cultural contributions to parenting cognitions and their adaptability among immigrant mothers. Attributions and self-perceptions of parenting were chosen because they influence parenting behavior and children’s development and vary cross-culturally. One hundred seventy-nine mothers of 20-month-old children participated: 73 South Korean, 50 Korean immigrant, and 56 European American. Korean mothers differed from European American mothers on four of the five types of attributions studied and on all four self-perceptions of parenting, and these differences were largely consistent with the distinct cultural values of South Korea and the United States. Generally, Korean immigrant mothers’ attributions for parenting more closely resembled those of mothers in the United States, whereas their se... | eng_Latn | 8,607 |
The effect of toys as educative material on pre-service education students' understanding of energy | AbstractThis study focuses on the effects of the exposure of pre-service education students (n=87) to a variety of toys used as educative curriculum material in an attempt to develop their understanding of energy. Changes in their knowledge, their confidence in terms of this knowledge, and the reasons they attributed for any changes in both their knowledge and confidence were investigated. A single group pre-post design was utilised which included both the use of an online pre-post intervention questionnaire and a ‘pen-and-paper’ questionnaire. The data generated suggest that the use of toys increased the students' knowledge and confidence statistically significantly (p>.000 in both cases) with medium (d=0.67) and high (d=0.78) practical significance (effect sizes), respectively. The subject content knowledge and confidence data correlated positively (r=0.69) and, although some caveats and reservations were expressed, the majority of the participating students ascribed their improved knowledge and confide... | This paper explores aspects of how parents of young teenagers experience balancing work and family demands, compared to parents of younger children. It uses data from Waves 1 and 3 of the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey and from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Time Use Survey (TUS) 1997. It assesses whether satisfaction with work-family balance differs for parents of adolescent children compared with parents of younger children, the extent to which parents of adolescents use non-parental child care, experience difficulty in finding child care or provide personal supervision of their children after school, and whether satisfaction with work-family balance of parents with adolescents is affected by access to family-friendly work-place measures. (author abstract) | eng_Latn | 8,608 |
Does use of power affects relationship's social satisfaction in manufacturer-dealers relationship? | Managing the channel relationship is a key concern in manufacturer-dealer relationship.This study investigates the automobile dealers’ relationship satisfaction and perceptions on supplier’s use of power.Despite the assumption that relationship satisfaction contributes to buyer-supplier relationship, previous researches had concentrated more on understanding factors affecting overall relationship satisfaction.Hence, less attention was given to understand the effect on specific of relationship satisfaction i.e. social relationship satisfaction.Using a survey method, this study described the uses of power as antecedents of social relationship satisfaction among 107 car dealers in Malaysia. Results showed that the significant effect of non-coercive power on the relationship social satisfaction. | Traditional models in the agricultural labor literature have examined agricultural labor supply in terms of a labor-lei sure trade-off by a single individual. This work examines the question of total annual market days in farm and nonfarm work of secondary family workers engaged in hired farm work. The underlying model is one of home production-consumption. A trade-off of market days between wife and older children in a family is hypothesized. Empirical results are mixed, generally supporting a tradeoff in the supply of market days in a family between nonstudents and wives, but not between students and wives. | eng_Latn | 8,609 |
The Measure of the Work-family Conflict of Chinese Elementary and Secondary School Teachers | This research was aimed to explore the structure of the work-family conflict(WFC) of Chinese elementary school and secondary school teachers,and to develop the qnestionaire to investigate it.The structure was revealed according to the review of current literature,open-ended questionnaire survey,interview with teachers,and data analysis bused on 1025 efficiency samples.The WFC structure of Chinese elementary school and secondary school teachers consisted of two parts: work interfere with family(WIF) and family interfere with work(FIW).Each part included 3 dimensions: emotion,mental resources and behavior pattern.Based on this structure,the questionnaire was developed which had 22 items and was proved to be of good reliability and validity so that it could be used to investigate the WFC of Chinese elementary school and secondary school teachers. | This article is an analysis and appreciation of the essays under the same title “Children” by Feng Zikai and Zhu Ziqing. Their difference in style and tastes is a reflection of the difference of thoughts and educational backgrounds of the two writers. And their different views of life. | eng_Latn | 8,610 |
A phenomenological exploration of the childfree choice in a sample of Australian women | Choosing not to have children is considered a deviation from cultural norms, particularly the dominant pronatalist discourse; this is especially so for women. However, little research has documente... | Dedication Acknowledgements Introduction 1. The storied human life: a narrative approach 2. Making sense of motherhood: cultural scripts 3. Setting the Western context: mothering in late-modern society 4. Anticipating motherhood: the antenatal period 5. Making sense of early mothering experiences 6. A return to normal: becoming the expert 7. Conclusions and reflections: making sense of motherhood References Index. | eng_Latn | 8,611 |
On college student credit and moral education | Credit is the basis of all moral character and is the cornerstone for society to exist and develop. College student credit and moral education is the important component of moral work of higher learning. Correct analysis and comment on college students' credit and moral behavior is the key to making countermeasures and methods for college student credit and moral education. | This study examined whether culture moderated the associations between Chinese and European American undergraduates’ perceptions of parental warmth and negativity, and how these perceptions predict... | eng_Latn | 8,612 |
Family Adaptation of Single Parents in the United States Army: An Empirical Analysis of Work Stressors and Adaptive Resources: Family Diversity | This article examines the relative contribution of work stressors, family and community resources, and Army support resources to the family adaptation of a sample of 238 single parents serving on active duty in the US. Army. The results indicate that the adaptation of single-parent families to Army demands is influenced more strongly by the availability of family, community, and Army resources than by the presence of work stressors. Recommendations are offeredforpolicy andpractice. | Characters and basic battle support requirements of general ammunition integrated packaging were analyzed.Based on the analysis,reliability test and evaluation approaches and simulated environmental test methods for general ammunition integrated packaging were proposed.Chi-square Goodness of Fit Test was used to verify coherence of test data for reliability evaluation of integrated packaging modes.The results showed that the methods are simple and effective. | eng_Latn | 8,613 |
Family and Work Values of Adolescents in Secondary Schools | The study investigated the relationship between the family and work values of adolescents in Ekiti and Ondo States, in Nigeria. The family is assumed to play a vital role in the formation of work values of the adolescents. How far this is true is the subject of this research paper. A total of 500 students consisting of 250 males and 250 females were used for the study. A questionnaire designed by the researcher was used to elicit the required response from the subjects. The null hypothesis which was formulated was tested. The result showed a significant relationship between the family and work values of adolescents in schools. The result was discussed against the background of previous studies. | Existing post-occupancy research rarely considers the importance of the sociality of the building user community and its building user group dynamics. A social value agenda is proposed to promote u ... | eng_Latn | 8,614 |
Positive Parenting and Positive Development in Children | States Parties agree that the education of the child shall be directed to: (a) The development of the child’s personality, talents and mental and physical abilities to their fullest potential; . . . (c) The development of respect for the child’s parents, his or her own cultural identity, language and values, for the national values of the country in which the child is living, the country from which he or she may originate, and for civilizations different from his or her own. | This article describes the use of a battery of structured family measurement procedures to conduct systematic, comprehensive assessments of families who enter treatment. The measures are derived from family research and include self-report questionnaires and structured observation of family interactions. The assessment is multimodal, and examines the entire family unit, the marital subsystem, the individual family members, and the larger social context affecting a family. Two case examples are presented which demonstrate how the structured assessment data are combined with clinical theory and other information about a family to generate initial hypotheses about the functioning of the family system and likely avenues for therapeutic intervention. | eng_Latn | 8,615 |
Father-child relationships, humor styles, and psychological well-being among Lebanese university students - by Margaret Walid Bassil | Thesis (M.A.)--American University of Beirut, Dept. of Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2008.;"Advisor : Dr. Shahe Kazarian, Associate Professor , Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences--Member of Committee : Dr. Fatima Al-Jamil, Assistant Professor | Abstract Studies in developed economies show that family-owned non-financial firms outperform others, explained by agency theory and protection of family capital. Findings in emerging economies are equivocal, while studies of family domination and banks’ performance are scant. This paper examines the profit-performance of family-dominated banks in Bangladesh under competing hypotheses of bank-market structure. Using panel estimation, we model the profit-performance of banks and show that the principal drivers are costs, efficiency and non-performing loans. Family-dominated banks are less efficient and less profitable. The sources of weaker performance are higher non-performing loans and higher costs, with indirect evidence of poor corporate governance. | eng_Latn | 8,616 |
The Socio-economic Profile of Children in Conflict with the Law | Children engaged in offences tend to share certain common features: they are victims of multiple deprivations; most come from poor or dysfunctional families and had parents with lower levels of education. This does not mean, however, that deviant behaviour is the monopoly of children from lower-income groups. Evidence shows that children from middle- and high-income families also commit offences, but these tend to remain hidden in the data as most such cases are settled before they come to court. The law appears to be harshest, therefore, to those who are the most socially and politically vulnerable. Nevertheless, poverty cannot be considered as the root cause of offences by children as there are millions of poor children who are law-abiding. It is best regarded as one among many risk factors. The focus of this chapter is to conduct a critical analysis of the profile of children in conflict with law and to find a correlation between offences and socio-economic variables. | This article from research quality student's psychological characteristic obtaining,has analyzed the quality student's personality characteristic,and how on consummates its personality practically,from the family,the school,the social three aspects has made the explanation. | eng_Latn | 8,617 |
Mother’s Gender Preferences and Child Schooling in Ethiopia | This paper empirically investigates whether the quantity deficit in the children of the mother’s preferred gender is compensated through their favorable treatment in terms of investment in schooling (what we call a compensating hypothesis) in an environment where schooling opportunities are limited. We use data from siblings in two rounds of the demographic and health surveys of Ethiopia for empirical analysis. Using the gender ratio of the mother’s own siblings and the birth of same sex twins as instruments for gender ratio gap, we estimate binary choice models with clustering for school attendance using generalized instrumental variable techniques with interactive instruments. Our empirical evidence appears to be consistent with the compensating hypothesis that the larger the excess of actual proportion of girls over the mother’s desired proportion, the smaller a girl’s chance of attending school and the bigger a boy’s chance of attending school will be. | This article discusses research into the effect of gender role expectations in distributional negotiations. The differences between the gender effects in personally oriented negotiations and those ... | eng_Latn | 8,618 |
An empirical analysis of the impact of family moral support on Turkish women entrepreneurs | It is well documented that women entrepreneurs add exponential growth to the economic well-being of countries. The impact of family moral support on Turkish women entrepreneurs’ is examined including major challenges (i.e. personal problems and recognition of poor managerial skills and knowledge) and advantages (i.e. perceptions of helpfulness of education and work experience). Our findings show that family moral support can have both positive and negative impact on Turkish women entrepreneurs. Implications and future research are discussed. | There are negative consequences for children and youth when a primary caregiver leaves to migrate. However there are unforeseen experiences related to schooling. I compare how Mexican maternal migration has influenced the education experiences of the children left behind in Mexico and their siblings living in the United States. These microcontexts of where and how siblings live in Mexico and in New York City present us with a somewhat surprising picture of the different education experiences. | eng_Latn | 8,619 |
Evolutionary biology: Mother and father in surprise geneticagreement | In genomic imprinting, one copy of a gene is switched off depending on whether it came from the father or mother. One explanation centres on the competing interests of the two parents. Another now brings in sex-associated differences in the offspring. | In modern China,ethics relations in marriage family obviously reflect features in the times and show that there are some new changes.The key point of the relations is the one between husbands and wives but it was parents and children in the past.The form is getting more various and the main part of the generation relation is the younger.Human beings can not change them and they are good or bad for the society and the individual. | eng_Latn | 8,620 |
Cross-Cultural Issues in ParentProfessional Interactions: A Qualitative Study of Perceptions of Asian American Mothers of Children With Developmental Disabilities | This study investigated the perspectives of 23 first-generation Asian American mothers of children with developmental disabilities. The intent was to explore the working relationships between the m... | The earthquake at Wenchuan caused big psychological interference.This paper discusses the theory of evaluation and intervention of psychological crisis.The author sets forth some intervention methods of psychological crisis. | eng_Latn | 8,621 |
Improvements relating to television | In a letterbox video signal, the main signal is formed on the center line of the 3/4 picture transmission, other auxiliary signals transmitted above and below the boundary portion of the screen. This auxiliary information includes a chrominance component, which enables the level of detail is increased, up to the vertical frequency component ratio of the minimum vertical detail signal is also the main carrier tape. At the encoder, the chroma component is vertically sub-sampling (16), to generate from each input line of a line 6, and are extended horizontally (18) and splitting (20) so that each input line to the extension two lines. In the decoder, the re-timing on each row, so that the operation in the opposite direction, i.e. horizontal compression (42) and the vertical oversampling or interpolation (44). Additional details can be added to the color (46) of the main chrominance component signal, in order to improve the level of detail. | The rural Arab elderly in Israel live in a society undergoing rapid social, political and economic change. Family relations, as expressed in intergenerational interaction, are intensive, frequent and mutually supporting, and probably not motivated by the overt needs of the old. The findings on the household history of the investigated population indicate that the establishment of separate household by young couples, at marriage, is not a “modern” phenomenon. This fact helps to explain the positive attitude toward the single generation household found in this study. The data indicate that family structure and household structure, as well as intergenerational interaction basically have not been affected by the rapid changes occurring in the political and economic structure of the rural areas. | eng_Latn | 8,622 |
Sex and parenting: the effects of sexual conflict and parentage on parental strategies | Abstract There is perhaps no more popularized aspect of animal behavior than the things parents do for offspring. Yet our understanding of the evolution of care is only rudimentary, perhaps because parental behavior is one of the most variable behavioral traits we know. Sexual reproduction, particularly in anisogamous species, has a major impact on variable patterns of care. Recent work on conflicts between the sexes over care and the consequences of variable paternity on paternal care has generated fascinating new ideas about the evolutionary forces acting on parenting. | Two approaches to the study of the psychological significance of situations were compared, one using data for individuals' perceptions of situations and the other using data for individuals' reactions to situations. Perception and reaction data for 40 subjects were used for multidimensional classification of 12 situations, which were selected so as to cover four different types of stressful situations. For three of the a priori groupings of situations the congruence in outcomes between the two methods was high. The implications of the congruence and the discrepancies in outcomes for the two approaches are discussed. The main conclusion is that one should distinguish clearly between situation perception factors and situation reaction factors in further research on the psychological significance of situations. | eng_Latn | 8,623 |
COMPARING PARENT LOSS WITH SIBLING LOSS | The death of a loved one is a traumatic loss for children , but little attention has been paid to how children's responses vary according to who died - a parent or a sibling . This article reports the findings of a comparison between children's responses to parent and sibling loss . Two samples of bereaved children were combined for the project , which compared children's scores on the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist . Findings indicated that there were no significant differences between the two loss groups in the total number of problems , in any of the syndrome scales , or in the percentage of children at risk . However , when the two loss groups were considered by gender , differences appeared - boys were more impacted by the loss of a parent than by the loss of a sibling and girls were most affected by the loss of a sibling , particularly a sister . Possible explanations for these differences are discussed . | This article is an analysis and appreciation of the essays under the same title “Children” by Feng Zikai and Zhu Ziqing. Their difference in style and tastes is a reflection of the difference of thoughts and educational backgrounds of the two writers. And their different views of life. | yue_Hant | 8,624 |
Dynamic underpinnings of father hunger as illuminated in the analysis of an adolescent boy. | Growing sensitivity to the importance of the father in child development has contributed to research demonstrating the existence of “father hunger” in children who have lost their fathers (Herzog, 1982), manifested in serious problems modulating aggression. Vignettes from a five-year analysis of an adolescent boy who lost his father at age five are presented to demonstrate the complex psychodynamic underpinnings of father hunger. These clinical data lead to the conclusion that father hunger should be considered an ego state involving highly complex compromise formations manifested in fantasies. These are affected by the child's personal history with each parent, his or her developmental stage when the loss occurred, constitutional endowment, and the reaction of the mother to the father's death. The case material presented highlights the primarily defensive nature of the aggression characterizing father hunger. This essay also briefly discusses technical complications of analyzing such cases, including the... | This paper reports on the ways in which a selected group of parents in Vietnam decided which university one of their children should attend. Drawing upon narrative accounts provided by 16 parents of recent graduates from three universities in Hanoi, the paper seeks to elucidate the kinds of considerations taken into account by parents in their decision-making and the nature of the parent–child relationships that were evident in the process. The paper presents a classification of parent–child relationships concerning the matter of university choice in Vietnam. | eng_Latn | 8,625 |
Human Capital Accumulation through Interaction between a Married Couple: Comparison between a Housewife and a Working Wife | Japanese household-level data describing a husband's earnings, his wife's working status, and their schooling levels are used to test the implications of a model proposing a time-consuming process of human capital accumulation within marriages, in which an educated wife is more productive. The empirical results support the model’s predictions: in particular (i) a housewife's schooling has a greater positive effect on her husband's earnings than a working wife’s schooling does; and (ii) the effect of a housewife's schooling increases with the length of marriage, whereas the effect of a working wife’s schooling does not change over the course of marriage. | This chapter is an introduction to the edited book of Family, Work and Wellbeing in Asia. It begins with a brief review of current research on family-work issues in this region, specifically focusing on four domains: the experiences of work and family lives; work organizations’ response to employees’ work-family concerns; the impact of the above two domains on family life, relationships and wellbeing ; and public policy concerning work-family life . Then, each chapter is summarized before it concludes with suggestions for future researchers. | eng_Latn | 8,626 |
Freedom, desire and power: Gender processes and presumptions of shared care and responsibility after parental separation | Synopsis This paper reports the findings of a small empirical study of separated couples who share the care of their children in a fifty-fifty arrangement of time. The study is set against a backdrop of family law reform in Australia over the past decade which has shifted legal and custodial frameworks towards a presumption of ongoing joint (shared) parental responsibility for children post-separation and divorce. It examines the relationship between separated parents' attitudes to parental responsibility and their sharing practices, and reveals that, despite suggestions to the contrary, attitudes towards responsibility and sharing practices remain highly gendered. In negotiating what constitutes parental responsibility and care, a fifty-fifty sharing of time does not simply translate into an equal sharing of parental responsibility. | This article is the second of two parts. The first one was published in the issue no 2 of this same journal. The preseni study uses the dependency index and the youth ratio to describe the aging process both at regional and municipal levels. Our data show a yet moderate aging process in (he region. with an uneven distribution throughout the different municipalities. | eng_Latn | 8,627 |
Factors Impacting Turkish Students' Attitudes towards Science and Their Academic Performance in Science | This case study investigated the factors that impact Turkish high school students’ attitudes towards science and their academic performance in science. The participants were 273 high school students representing students with diverse academic achievements and socioeconomic backgrounds. The results show that students cited their lack of motivation, socialization cost, poor teaching quality, intensity of content coverage and limited background knowledge as the source of their negative attitudes towards science and their low academic performance in science. The majority of participants cited securing their parents’ and teachers’ appreciation and self-appraisal as the main motivators for the time and effort that they invested into studying science. The discussion focuses on the importance of classroom discourse and teaching strategies for addressing students’ low interest and performance in science. | A three-culture comparison—native South Korean, Korean immigrants to the United States, and native European American mothers—of two types of parenting cognitions—attributions and self-perceptions—was undertaken to explore cultural contributions to parenting cognitions and their adaptability among immigrant mothers. Attributions and self-perceptions of parenting were chosen because they influence parenting behavior and children’s development and vary cross-culturally. One hundred seventy-nine mothers of 20-month-old children participated: 73 South Korean, 50 Korean immigrant, and 56 European American. Korean mothers differed from European American mothers on four of the five types of attributions studied and on all four self-perceptions of parenting, and these differences were largely consistent with the distinct cultural values of South Korea and the United States. Generally, Korean immigrant mothers’ attributions for parenting more closely resembled those of mothers in the United States, whereas their se... | eng_Latn | 8,628 |
Parent-research as a process of inquiry: an ethnographic perspective | This article illustrates how an ethnographic perspective can provide a descriptive methodological approach to parent-research as a process of inquiry within the field of education. By juxtaposing data and illuminating reflexive accounts from a longitudinal parent-research study, I suggest that such a perspective provides critical insights into the roles of subjectivities, reflexivity, and positionality as mutually constitutive of each other as they relate to the process and product of parent-research. In addition, I suggest how the field of educational ethnography would benefit from viewing parents as co-researchers. | I was raised in a Protestant family from the middle of the sixties until the early eighties of the last century in a small village close to Amsterdam. Although my parents had different religious backgrounds, my mother’s relatively liberal Protestant views were dominated by my father’s orthodox Calvinist faith. His views became more liberal over the years, but being the eldest, the influence of the Calvinistic tradition was not only the strongest, but also lasted the longest. | eng_Latn | 8,629 |
Latent profiles of postdivorce parenting time, conflict, and quality: Children’s adjustment associations. | Parenting time, interparental conflict, and the quality of parenting a child experiences in the postdivorce family environment have complex relations with child adjustment outcomes. Using person-centered latent profile analyses, the present study examined (a) separate profiles of mothers' (N = 472) and fathers' (N = 353) parenting time, interparental conflict, and quality of parenting following divorce; and (b) associations of mother and father profiles with concurrent child outcomes (48% female, 3- to 18-years-old) as well as child outcomes 3 and 10 months later. Mother and father profiles were primarily differentiated by levels of parenting time and quality of parenting, respectively. Mother and father profiles defined by greater parenting time and lower quality parenting were associated with the poorest child outcomes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved). | This chapter is an introduction to the edited book of Family, Work and Wellbeing in Asia. It begins with a brief review of current research on family-work issues in this region, specifically focusing on four domains: the experiences of work and family lives; work organizations’ response to employees’ work-family concerns; the impact of the above two domains on family life, relationships and wellbeing ; and public policy concerning work-family life . Then, each chapter is summarized before it concludes with suggestions for future researchers. | eng_Latn | 8,630 |
The Family-Work Nexus and Wellbeing in Asia: An Introduction | This chapter is an introduction to the edited book of Family, Work and Wellbeing in Asia. It begins with a brief review of current research on family-work issues in this region, specifically focusing on four domains: the experiences of work and family lives; work organizations’ response to employees’ work-family concerns; the impact of the above two domains on family life, relationships and wellbeing ; and public policy concerning work-family life . Then, each chapter is summarized before it concludes with suggestions for future researchers. | National keep-fit programmed can do harm to our Huaxia Coming Generation.On the basis of looking back and summing up the mass sports before the 10ths sports meeting.The article prognosticate the possible direction of national keep-fit programme in order to do something for sustainable development to china mass-sports of the 29ths Olympics games and the future. | eng_Latn | 8,631 |
Marital conflict strategies predict child abuse potential in Dutch families from low socioeconomic backgrounds | We examined the association between marital conflict and child abuse potential in N = 86 Dutch families from low socioeconomic backgrounds. The percentage of parents who exceeded the upper 5 percent cut-off score on Milner’s Child Abuse Potential Inventory was 17%. It was found that lower socioeconomic status, relatively inadequate marital conflict strategies, and fewer marital conflicts predicted higher child abuse potential. In particular physical aggression towards the partner, avoidance of conflicts, and stonewalling contributed to increased child abuse potential. Although more positive marital conflict resolutions were associated with lower child abuse potential, they did not predict abuse potential beyond the contribution of conflict strategies. We suggested that child abuse may be one of many manifestations of difficulties in coping with the conflicts and problems that are intrinsic to close and affective relationships. | This chapter is an introduction to the edited book of Family, Work and Wellbeing in Asia. It begins with a brief review of current research on family-work issues in this region, specifically focusing on four domains: the experiences of work and family lives; work organizations’ response to employees’ work-family concerns; the impact of the above two domains on family life, relationships and wellbeing ; and public policy concerning work-family life . Then, each chapter is summarized before it concludes with suggestions for future researchers. | eng_Latn | 8,632 |
Measuring Protective Factors and Resilience Traits in Youth: The Healthy Kids Resilience Assessment | The invention pertains to an auxiliary outside air refrigeration system for use in combination with a conventional refrigeration system to supply refrigeration to an enclosure whereby cold outside air is used as the cooling medium. A differential thermostatic controller monitors the temperature inside the enclosure and in the outside atmosphere and, if the temperature inside the enclosure indicated the need for refrigeration, activates the fans of the auxiliary outside air system whenever the temperature differential between inside and outside indicates adequate potential for refrigeration. The conventional refrigeration system is energized only when the more energy-efficient outside air refrigeration system is not able to maintain adequate refrigeration within the enclosure. The controller can be used for an auxiliary outside air refrigeration system using direct exchange of air between the enclosure and the outside atmosphere or one using an air-to air heat exchanger. | Transgenerational, Structural, Strategic and Milan models are four popular models of family therapy.The application of these models in Asian families has been widely discussed by various practitioners and academic scholars.This paper investigates the application of models of family therapy in the Singapore context.Two social workers who have formal training and practices in family therapy were interviewed.The investigation focuses on the sequence of the family therapy sessions, cross-cultural issues, techniques and orientations used by the social workers.The interviews show that the Milan and Strategic models are two most dominant models in practicing family therapy.Besides that, Systemic theory has been found to be the most influential framework for both social workers in conducting family conferences. | eng_Latn | 8,633 |
Satisfaction with work-family balance for parents of early adolescents compared to parents of younger children | This paper explores aspects of how parents of young teenagers experience balancing work and family demands, compared to parents of younger children. It uses data from Waves 1 and 3 of the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey and from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Time Use Survey (TUS) 1997. It assesses whether satisfaction with work-family balance differs for parents of adolescent children compared with parents of younger children, the extent to which parents of adolescents use non-parental child care, experience difficulty in finding child care or provide personal supervision of their children after school, and whether satisfaction with work-family balance of parents with adolescents is affected by access to family-friendly work-place measures. (author abstract) | Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a career success model for academics at the Malaysian research universities. Design/methodology/approach – Self-administered and online surveys were used for data collection among 325 academics from Malaysian research universities. Findings – Based on the analysis of structural equation modeling, the proposed model explained 48 per cent of the variance of academics’ career success. Specifically, the result shows that there are positive significant effects between organizational support, extraversion personality, person-job fit and academics’ career success. A full mediation effect of proactive behavior was established on the relationship between organizational support and career success. Overall, the results confirmed that the proposed model succinctly explains career success among academics in Malaysian research universities. Research limitations/implications – The authors present a career success model for academics at Malaysian research universities. Th... | eng_Latn | 8,634 |
Summary on the Latest Development in the Research Home and Abroad on Family Enterprise | Based on the study and analysis of essays on family enterprise research home and abroad, the paper summarizes the latest results found in this research area, which offers definitions and relevant theories about the family enterprise, the studies on the hierarchy or management structure as well as changes and evolution in the family enterprise system. It also involves its inter-generation transfer of ownership, professional management, culture and value confines, and finally portrays the development and future of family enterprise. | This article gives a brief description on current status of state-owned listed company equity incentive system and reviews the policy reformations of that,the system environment on legal basis、implementation procedure and disclosure、accounting treatment and tax return and so on of state-owned listed company equity incentive is primary discussed,a whole evaluation on legal environment of which is carried out at last. | eng_Latn | 8,635 |
Chinese and European American Undergraduates’ Perceptions of Maternal Warmth and Negativity as Predictors of Self-Esteem and Life Satisfaction | This study examined whether culture moderated the associations between Chinese and European American undergraduates’ perceptions of parental warmth and negativity, and how these perceptions predict... | This paper reports on the ways in which a selected group of parents in Vietnam decided which university one of their children should attend. Drawing upon narrative accounts provided by 16 parents of recent graduates from three universities in Hanoi, the paper seeks to elucidate the kinds of considerations taken into account by parents in their decision-making and the nature of the parent–child relationships that were evident in the process. The paper presents a classification of parent–child relationships concerning the matter of university choice in Vietnam. | eng_Latn | 8,636 |
CLINICAL FAMILY ASSESSMENT: APPLYING STRUCTURED MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES IN TREATMENT SETTINGS† | This article describes the use of a battery of structured family measurement procedures to conduct systematic, comprehensive assessments of families who enter treatment. The measures are derived from family research and include self-report questionnaires and structured observation of family interactions. The assessment is multimodal, and examines the entire family unit, the marital subsystem, the individual family members, and the larger social context affecting a family. Two case examples are presented which demonstrate how the structured assessment data are combined with clinical theory and other information about a family to generate initial hypotheses about the functioning of the family system and likely avenues for therapeutic intervention. | An author offers of principle a new method of estimation of level of quality of labour life of personnel, which takes into account sotsiokulturniy approach. It is based on vision of necessities of man and realization of them in labour from point of christianity, on the basis of which mentality was formed of our peoples, its economic culture. | yue_Hant | 8,637 |
Family Conflict Among Parents in Owerri: The Need for Balancing Family-Work Roles | The study was designed to examine work-family-conflict among parents in Owerri and propose strategies for balancing family-work-roles. Work-family-conflict is a type of inter-role-conflict which can be time-based, strain-based or behavior-based. The study was carried out by using the survey research design and self-designed structured questionnaire with two point likert format as data collection instrument and complemented by informal in-depth interviews. The subjects of the study comprised of 200 randomly selected parents in Owerri Municipal and its environs. The Chi-square (X2) statistic set at 0.05 alpha level was used to analyze the data of the study. The results indicated that working hours significantly impede work-family roles. Job location can lead to work-family conflict and that family size affects work-family roles. The investigators made ten (10) recommendations based on the findings of the study. | Is our understanding of how individuals adjust to stressful life events increased when we analyze their adjustment in ways that recognize that these individuals are also married couples? The data used to answer this question came from a unique “natural experiment” occasioned by the forced evacuation of the Israeli settlement of Ophira under the terms of the Camp David Accords. We found that the adjustment of individuals within couples became more similar across the relocation, that is, couples adapted as a “family system.” This occurred because the coping skills of one member of the couple “drove” the adjustment of both partners. | eng_Latn | 8,638 |
The Rise and Fall of Family Firms in the Process of Development | This paper explores the causes and the consequences of the evolution of family firms in the growth process. The theory suggests that in early stages of development, valuable family specific human capital stimulated the productivity of family firms and the development process. However, in light of the rise in the importance of managerial talents for firms' productivity in later stages, family firms generated a misallocation of managerial talents, curbing productivity and economic growth. Evidence supports the dual impact of family firms in the development process and the role of socio-cultural characteristics in observed variations in the productivity of family firms. | Preface. The Authors. Choosing the Fundamental Change Strategy. Creating a Learning Organization: Balanced Rewards for Results and Improvement. Leading a Vision-Driven Change Effort: A Commitment to the Future. Focusing the Effort: Crucial Themes That Drive Change. Resolving the Leader's Personal Dilemmas: Style and Behavior. Aligning the Organization: Integration of Roles, Systems, and Rewards. Leading the Transition: Strategies for Process, Commitment, and Communication. Epilogue: Visionary Leaders and Transformed Organizations. References. Suggestions for Further Reading. Index. | eng_Latn | 8,639 |
Families and couples (DOI: 10.2436/20.3000.02.13) | This article analyses the common-law couple and formulates coherent answers, based on Catalan civil law, that meet the needs posed by this kind of relationship. The confusion between married couples and common-law couples and between marriage and family has triggered the main problems and distortions. The article addresses the regulation of vertical and horizontal couple relationships and assesses the meaning and functions of a regulation on common-law couples in legal systems which have approved same-sex marriage. It also considers the need for different levels of legislative intervention for different models of couple and warns against harmonizing the laws on couplehood in the autonomous communities with the competencies to enact these laws in Spain. Key words: common-law couple, same-sex couples, Catalan civil law, registered couple, informal cohabitation, family Original source: Revista Catalana de Dret Privat , 10: 77-113 (2009) | We calculate the form factors and the coupling constant in the $D^{*}D \rho $ vertex in the framework of QCD sum rules. We evaluate the three point correlation functions of the vertex considering both $ D $ and $ \rho $ mesons off--shell. The form factors obtained are very different but give the same coupling constant: $g_{D^{*}D \rho} = 4.1 \pm 0.1$ GeV$^{-1}$. | eng_Latn | 8,640 |
A Discussion of "Poem Revealing Ambition" and "Poem Indicating Emotion" | The two literature theory "Poem Revealing Ambition" and "Poem Indicating Emotion" are not the opposite individuals which are summed up on the base of practice,and they both service for poetry. | A three-culture comparison—native South Korean, Korean immigrants to the United States, and native European American mothers—of two types of parenting cognitions—attributions and self-perceptions—was undertaken to explore cultural contributions to parenting cognitions and their adaptability among immigrant mothers. Attributions and self-perceptions of parenting were chosen because they influence parenting behavior and children’s development and vary cross-culturally. One hundred seventy-nine mothers of 20-month-old children participated: 73 South Korean, 50 Korean immigrant, and 56 European American. Korean mothers differed from European American mothers on four of the five types of attributions studied and on all four self-perceptions of parenting, and these differences were largely consistent with the distinct cultural values of South Korea and the United States. Generally, Korean immigrant mothers’ attributions for parenting more closely resembled those of mothers in the United States, whereas their se... | eng_Latn | 8,641 |
ENRICHMENT OUTCOME RESEARCH:A META‐ANALYSIS OF PREMARITAL, MARITAL AND FAMILY INTERVENTIONS | The findings from a meta-analysis of 85 studies of premarital, marital, and family enrichment, representing 3,886 couples or families are presented. Metaanalysis is a method for statistically aggregating and evaluating empirical findings. Findings from the study are discussed in terms of overall enrichment effectiveness as well as salient program, subject, design, measurement, and analysis characteristics. The enrichment studies yielded an average effect size of .44, which indicates that the average person who participates in enrichment is better off following intervention than 67% of those who do not. The most powerful factors related to outcome were measurement variables rather than those related to program content, structure, leadership, or participant characteristics. Implications of these findings are discussed. | There are negative consequences for children and youth when a primary caregiver leaves to migrate. However there are unforeseen experiences related to schooling. I compare how Mexican maternal migration has influenced the education experiences of the children left behind in Mexico and their siblings living in the United States. These microcontexts of where and how siblings live in Mexico and in New York City present us with a somewhat surprising picture of the different education experiences. | yue_Hant | 8,642 |
Job Relocation and the Trailing Spouse | Spouse relocation counseling is a prime example of the interrelationship between a client's career development and mental health counseling needs. Although these clients may initially seek a career counselor's help in career decision making or for assistance in their job campaigns, personal and psychological factors associated with the relocation are quite often significant and must be addressed to render effective service. | There are negative consequences for children and youth when a primary caregiver leaves to migrate. However there are unforeseen experiences related to schooling. I compare how Mexican maternal migration has influenced the education experiences of the children left behind in Mexico and their siblings living in the United States. These microcontexts of where and how siblings live in Mexico and in New York City present us with a somewhat surprising picture of the different education experiences. | eng_Latn | 8,643 |
Sticking out and fitting in: Culture-specific predictors of 3-year-olds’ autobiographical memories during joint reminiscing | a b s t r a c t The present study investigates the relationship between mother-child interaction styles with 19 months and children's autobiographical memory with 3 years of age in two cul- tural contexts: New Delhi, India (n = 25) and Berlin, Germany (n = 33). Results demonstrate similarities as well as culture specificities. In both contexts, maternal elaborations during reminiscing were related to children's memory contributions. Over time, maternal support for toddlers' self-expression during free play at 19 months predicted their children's mem- ory elaborations at 3 years in the Berlin context. In the Delhi context, toddlers' willingness to carry out their mothers' requests at 19 months predicted their memory elaborations at 3 years. These results suggest different motivational bases underlying children's auto- biographical memory contributions during mother-child reminiscing related to different cultural orientations. | This article is the second of two parts. The first one was published in the issue no 2 of this same journal. The preseni study uses the dependency index and the youth ratio to describe the aging process both at regional and municipal levels. Our data show a yet moderate aging process in (he region. with an uneven distribution throughout the different municipalities. | eng_Latn | 8,644 |
Familia Faber: The Family as Maker of the Future. | The concept familia faber focuses on families as makers of social reality, constructors of the future social order, as doers and shapers. The family is more often thought of as product or victim of change than as producer and instigator. Sociological tradition from Durkheim and Simmel to Peter Berger, which is oriented to the social construction of reality, has not been applied often enough to the study of the family. The United States is a nation of immigrants, and yet the immigrant experience of taking the raw materials of the new world and constructing a new reality for one’s newcomer family has received little attention. | Personal distribution of well-being of farm families relative to all U. S. families is substantially improved when wealth is considered along with money income. The "live poor and die rich" paradox facing older farm families could often be overcome by providing an easier means whereby they could use up equity in family living. | eng_Latn | 8,645 |
“The love of my life” : the meaning and importance of sport for female fans. | Academic research has typically focused upon the importance of sports fandom for men, and there is also a lack of comparative work which examines fans of different sports. This article aims to address this omission by exploring the meaning and importance of sports fandom for women. Drawing on a “grounded theory” approach, 85 semi-structured interviews were conducted with female fans of men’s football (soccer) and rugby union in England. Building upon Giulianotti’s (2002) work, I develop a preliminary model of female fandom. I examine two female fan “types” (“hot’ and “cool” fans), and explore two different kinds of gender performance (“masculine” femininities and “feminine” femininities) which helped to connote these. My findings demonstrate the need to consider the range and diversity of women’s supporter styles. | Traditional models in the agricultural labor literature have examined agricultural labor supply in terms of a labor-lei sure trade-off by a single individual. This work examines the question of total annual market days in farm and nonfarm work of secondary family workers engaged in hired farm work. The underlying model is one of home production-consumption. A trade-off of market days between wife and older children in a family is hypothesized. Empirical results are mixed, generally supporting a tradeoff in the supply of market days in a family between nonstudents and wives, but not between students and wives. | eng_Latn | 8,646 |
Estudio del clima familiar de los futuros padres adoptivos mediante la escala de Moos y Moos | The FES scale was administered to analyze the atmosphere in 155 families who had applied to adopt a child. The data indicate a family atmosphere style of psychological comfort. The variables that stood out were the presence of high level of cohesion and expressiveness and a low level of conflict, with a high evaluation of cultural and recreational interests as a means of personal development, and a low degree of personal autonomy. Systems of maintaining stability in the family place a higher value on organization than on control. These data are discussed from the perspective of the quality measurement of the FES and the psychological mechanisms tha may be responsible for these results. | On compare le ruissellement de 2 bassins, dont l'un contient des glaciers, avec la precipitation et l'ablation mesuree dans le bassin glaciaire. Les variations saisonnieres du ruissellement pour les 2 bassins sont similaires tandis pue le ruissellement du bassin glaciaire presente des variations annee apres annee plus petites. On montre, sur un modele statistique, qu'il s'agit du resultat d'une correlation negative entre l'ablation et la precipitation | spa_Latn | 8,647 |
First-Generation College Graduates Get a Financial Boost, but Don’t Catch Up | The financial boost first-generation graduates get from college degrees isn?t enough to overcome the head start having college graduate parents provides. | Contents: 1. Introduction 2. Intergenerational Solidarity between State and Family 3. Research Design 4. The Four Welfare Regimes Compared 5. Pension Systems and the Material Living Conditions of Older Persons 6. The Care of the Elderly 7. Transfer Payments for Families 8. Childcare between Family and State 9. Does a Generational Conflict Exist? Differences in Attitudes by Age Group 10. Old and Young in the Welfare State - Lessons from International Comparisons | eng_Latn | 8,648 |
"What ""valley"" is home to many tech companies including Apple, Google, and Facebook?" | Silicon Valley's Best and Worst Jobs for New Moms (and Dads) - The Atlantic The Atlantic Silicon Valley's Best and Worst Jobs for New Moms (and Dads) A look at major differences in the tech industry’s approach to parental leave Print Text Size The tech industry has a reputation for being both a wonderland of employee benefits and a place that is unfriendly to families, particularly mothers. Along with the weekly massages, travel stipends, unlimited organic snacks, and casino-themed happy hours are stories of women who are stigmatized and punished for having children, overworked employees who feel they will never be able to balance family and a career, and entrepreneurs who are told by their advisors not to hire women of childbearing age. The dichotomy is stark and puzzling. The U.S. is one of only four countries in the world— along with Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Papua New Guinea —that does not guarantee the right to paid maternity leave. While a few states offer taxpayer-funded family and medical leave , and while President Obama is pushing for a national paid parental-leave policy , the responsibility of creating these policies remains at the discretion of each employer. Supportive parental-leave policies are a critical part of keeping women in the workforce and in leadership positions. Considering that women today hold less than 20 percent of leadership positions in corporate America, according to a 2015 report by Colorado Women’s College, and just 5 percent of CEOs at Fortune 500 companies are women—all while job participation by women during peak earning years is sharply dropping —the need for widespread change is dire. Tech companies serve as a role model for the rest of the country when it comes to corporate culture. Thus the dichotomy that exists in how the tech industry has ramifications that extend far beyond Silicon Valley. “We find ourselves at a crossroads, where our workforce demographics, family demographics, and population dynamics are changing,” said Vicki Shabo, vice president of the National Partnership for Women and Families . “Big tech companies are on the leading edge of supporting families and some tech leaders are speaking out, but by and large, companies don’t necessarily see their own interest or the public interest in creating these policies.” The U.S. is one of only four countries in the world that does not guarantee the right to paid maternity leave. To better understand the disparities that exist in the tech industry when it comes to supporting employees with families, I examined parental-leave policies at 15 different tech companies across sizes, verticals, and locations. Leading tech companies like Facebook , Apple , Google , and Yahoo offer some of the most generous parental leave policies in the U.S. Among this group, Facebook is the only company to offer equal time off for all parents, whether they are the birth mother, father, or adopted parents. All new parents at Facebook receive four months of paid leave, as well as $4,000 in “baby cash.” In the past year, Facebook introduced designated breast-feeding rooms at its Menlo Park location. In addition, it offers financial and logistical assistance with adoption and fertility services, including the controversial coverage of egg-freezing costs , which Apple also offers. Apple’s paid family-leave policy gives expectant mothers up to four weeks before a delivery and 14 weeks after. Expectant fathers and other non-birth parents can take six-week paid parental leaves. At Google, biological mothers are given 18 weeks of paid maternity leave and 22 if there are complications. New parents, regardless of gender, can receive up to 12 weeks of paid baby bonding time, including adoptive or surrogate caregivers. Non-primary caregivers are eligible for 7 weeks paid leave. “We formerly had a maternity-leave policy of 12 weeks of fully paid and vested leave, but science better informed our decision-making in 2007,” said Google spokesperson Roya Soleimani. “Twelve-week-olds are at a very different place developmentally than are 18-week olds, so we chan | Palm Springs, California Palm Springs Tuscany, Italy Palm Springs Whether your Palm Springs visit is spent on the golf course, at a music festival, or lounging by the pool, this California vacation destination is the definition of luxury. Experience the area from our selection of luxurious desert homes located in Rancho Mirage, La Quinta, Palm Springs and Indian Wells. Stay in stunning homes, once owned by Hollywood icons like Frank Sinatra and Merv Griffin as you embrace the desert life and natural beauty that can only be found in Palm Springs, California. Our Palm Springs luxury rentals will be the perfect base for your glamorous stay in California. View Retreats | eng_Latn | 8,649 |
Your rank is 99741 in boys? | Process reqd after getting rank in wbjee? | Having a baby whos not your husbands? | eng_Latn | 8,650 |
What is the effect of the family in a student? | What is the effect of broken families to your education? | Individual Americans have no impact on the economy? | eng_Latn | 8,651 |
Is a parent who does not take care of their children a moral issue? | What is the moral obligation of the parents? | What is the moral obligation of the parents? | eng_Latn | 8,652 |
Still in other societies , each family would have a family member to shepherd its flock , often a child , youth or an elder who could n't help much with harder work ; these shepherds were fully integrated in society . | Still in other societies , each family would have a family member to shepherd its flock , often a child or young person or an old person who was not able to help much with the harder work . | His ideas rest upon a distinction among the psychological sense of continuity , known as the ego identity ( sometimes identified simply as `` the self '' ) ; the personal idiosyncrasies that separate one person from the next , known as the personal identity ; and the collection of social roles that a person might play , known as either the social identity or the cultural identity . | eng_Latn | 8,653 |
Marriages and children . | Marriages , family and children . | The Master and Margarita , for not having lost their faith in humanity , are granted peace but are denied light -- that is , they will spend eternity together in a shadowy yet pleasant region , having not earned the glories of Heaven , but not deserving the punishments of Hell . | eng_Latn | 8,654 |
Who played the earlier known recording of Chopin's work? | The British Library notes that "Chopin's works have been recorded by all the great pianists of the recording era." The earliest recording was an 1895 performance by Paul Pabst of the Nocturne in E major Op. 62 No. 2. The British Library site makes available a number of historic recordings, including some by Alfred Cortot, Ignaz Friedman, Vladimir Horowitz, Benno Moiseiwitsch, Paderewski, Arthur Rubinstein, Xaver Scharwenka and many others. A select discography of recordings of Chopin works by pianists representing the various pedagogic traditions stemming from Chopin is given by Methuen-Campbell in his work tracing the lineage and character of those traditions. | Fryderyk's father, Nicolas Chopin, was a Frenchman from Lorraine who had emigrated to Poland in 1787 at the age of sixteen. Nicolas tutored children of the Polish aristocracy, and in 1806 married Justyna Krzyżanowska, a poor relative of the Skarbeks, one of the families for whom he worked. Fryderyk was baptized on Easter Sunday, 23 April 1810, in the same church where his parents had married, in Brochów. His eighteen-year-old godfather, for whom he was named, was Fryderyk Skarbek, a pupil of Nicolas Chopin. Fryderyk was the couple's second child and only son; he had an elder sister, Ludwika (1807–55), and two younger sisters, Izabela (1811–81) and Emilia (1812–27). Nicolas was devoted to his adopted homeland, and insisted on the use of the Polish language in the household. | eng_Latn | 8,655 |
Play to your strengths | Extremely intelligent stuff. I think Roger has shown an amazing ability to put all the pieces of the puzzle together. We are who we are and don't need to find it. Getting in the flow has always been something I looked for when playing the lower levels of professional tennis. Unfortunately I never really found it, except in practice which is why I didn't get past the lower levels! This book has allowed me to see the sense in playing to your strengths and not wasting time on trying to get good at everything...which is impossible in business! Well done Roger on creating such a great contribution to applicable knowledge. | Based on his own experience trying to secure paid paternity leave after the pre-term birth of his third child, Josh Levs uncovers the truth about our biases against men as caregivers: we believe they are not as capable and only secondary to the mother and our workplace policies reflect that bias. And yet, as he so eloquently demonstrates, the more we force men to be all in at work, the more we force women to be all in at home. If we want equality, we must expand our notion of what women AND men can contribute at work and at home. All In shows that when men are supported to be engaged fathers, women can thrive in the workplace. It's good for women, good for families, and good for businesses. This book is a must read for anyone who is passionate about making change that benefits us all. | eng_Latn | 8,656 |
By the 1960s in western countries , it was becoming more accepted for a woman to work and be a `` career girl '' until the woman got married , when she should stop work and be a `` housewife '' . | By the 1960s in western countries there was still an idea that it was all right for a woman to work and be a `` career girl '' ( which was what they called a young woman with a well-paying job ) until the woman got married , when she should stop work and be a `` housewife '' ( homemaker ) . | Mr. Vincent and Sir Philip both want to marry her . | eng_Latn | 8,657 |
Researchers from the Juan March Institute in Madrid studied data based on relationships of 4,561 middle-aged US couples .
They found men who do more traditionally 'feminine' chores have less sex .
It suggests that gender stereotypes linger in the home and that women may see men doing ‘feminine’ jobs as less sexually attractive .
But a study looking at younger couples found the opposite is true . | A study has found that men who regularly do housework, such as cooking and cleaning (stock image), have less sex than men who don’t bother . You may imagine that a man who is adept at housework would be attractive to woman. But sociologists claim that mopping the kitchen and washing up dishes won’t help men get lucky in the bedroom - with middle-aged women at least. A study has found that men who regularly do housework, such as cooking and cleaning, have less sex than men who don’t bother. Researchers from the Juan March Institute in Madrid studied data based on relationships of 4,561 middle-aged US couples over 20 years, including their sex lives and how they divide household chores. The study, which was published in the journal American Sociological Review, found that home tasks such as cooking and cleaning are traditionally perceived as women’s work – and 80 per cent of housework is still done by females. The results showed that men performed around 55 per cent of 'masculine' tasks such as paying bills and mowing the lawn. While egalitarian marriages tended to be happier, men who did ‘feminine’ tasks had sex less often than those who shunned the iron and oven. In fact, men who divorced themselves from core chores, had sex one and a half times more a month than those who pulled their weight in the home. Overall, couples had sex once a week. Sabino Kornrich, a sociologist at the university, explained that gender stereotypes may linger in the home and could explain the results. ‘What we do in the house is really strongly tied to how people think of themselves as men or women or as masculine or feminine,’ he told Live Science. He explained that women may see men doing ‘feminine’ jobs as less sexually attractive. Alternatively, couples with similar roles may feel more like siblings than lovers, he added. While egalitarian marriages tended to be happier, men who did ‘feminine’ tasks had sex less often than those who shunned the iron and oven. A stock image is pictured . Dr Pepper Schwartz, a sociologist at the University of Washington, who has also written relationship books but was not involved in the study, said: ‘That companionable part of the relationship turns out not to be so sexy.’ She believes that couples who share everything may be such good friends that they don’t need sex to communicate. Constance Gager, a sociologist at Montclair State University in New Jersey cautions that the results may not apply to young couples who grew up in times when gender roles have largely changed. She found the opposite applied – that when tasks are not seen as gender specific, men have more sex when they do more housework and another study has backed up her claims. Men who do more household chores (stock image), are more satisfied in the bedroom than those who stick to ‘manly’ tasks, according to a 2013 study . Men who embrace their 'feminine side' around the house have more satisfaction in the bedroom than those who stick to ‘manly’ chores like cutting the hedge and mowing the lawn, according to a 2013 study. The quality of the sex they had was superior as well if they were prepared to do their share of cooking and cleaning, the scientists found. The research by Cornell University contradicts the Washington study, but it used data on a similar number of families from 2006, arguably showing that attitudes have changed. Professor Sharon Sassler said that using old data has skewed the Washington results because the couples had married in the 1960s and 70s when things were very different. She said: ‘Couples who shared domestic labour had sex at least as often, and were at least as satisfied with the frequency and quality of their sex, as couples where the woman did the bulk of the housework. ‘In fact, these egalitarian partners were ranked slightly higher in all these categories, reporting more frequent sex and greater satisfaction with the frequency and quality of that sex than conventional couples.’ | By . Anna Edwards . PUBLISHED: . 04:18 EST, 6 September 2012 . | . UPDATED: . 09:41 EST, 6 September 2012 . It's normally only women who are trained in the art of turning curtains into costumes and become a dab hand at changing nappies at a world-famous nanny college. But now one male teenager is set to be the first-ever man to pass through the education degree course that turns out the modern Mary Poppins. Now Michael Kenny is hoping to become practically perfect in every way while he attends Norland College, in Bath. Practically perfect in every way: Michael Kenny, joins his fellow students on his first day at Norland College . Student Michael Kenny, 18, is the only male in a classroom full of 48 women studying at the college - but it takes more than a spoonful of sugar to pass the demanding course. Michael, who has had to endure lots of . jokes from his friends, admitted he initially wasn’t even sure if the . college in Bath, Somerset, took on male students. He had to ring the college to check - because he had only ever seen female students around the city. Now while his female counterparts wear . the classic cream dress and brown hat, he will don a tweed jacket, . cream shirt, matching tie and beige trousers for his studies. Warm welcome: Fellow students Louise Flatley, Alice Jefferies, Annalise Hobbs, Flo Richardson and Lucy Sheridan make Michael feel at home . Spot the odd one out: Michael will be put through his paces alongside his female peers on the course . But he says instead of feeling out of the loop he has been warmly welcomed by all of the female students. Michael said: 'Funnily enough they have just been caring more about how I have been feeling, making sure I am OK.' Michael says he was drawn to the job because he has spent time teaching English and maths to severely disabled children in an Ugandan orphanage. Holding the baby! Michael is pictured with (left to right) Alexandra Adam, 19, Joanna Bennet, 19, and Olivia Mitchell, 18, as he begins his new studies . Supercallifragilisticexpialidocious nannies! Michael Kenny and students (left to right) Alexandra Adam, 19, Joanna Bennet, 19, and Olivia Mitchell, 18, in their iconic uniforms . Spick and span: Michael is neatly turned out for his first day of college, which boasts that every single graduate leaves there with a job . Students base themselves on the perfect nanny, Mary Poppins . He said: 'I wanted to work with children . because I can understand young people a lot better - I find them a lot . easier to get on with. 'I think I would like to be a nanny for a few years, because it is the whole reason you go through the training. 'But then after that I would like to do a PGCE and become a nursery teacher or work in a prep school.' Michael, whose parents Simon and Mary, sister Alice, 17, and brother John, 12, live in Uganda, will be only the second male in the college’s 120-year history to graduate with the Norland Diploma. Norland College principal Liz Hunt welcomed Michael to the fold and said her supercallifragilisticexpialidocious students were more in demand than ever before. She claimed every graduate will have a job offer sourced by the college’s in-house nanny agency so they are ready to start straight after finishing their studies. Mrs Hunt said: 'We always have more job opportunities than we have students, the demand certainly outstrips supply. 'The modern-day Norland graduate also goes on to work in a wide range of careers such as management of nurseries or primary school teaching.' Peter Cummins was the first 'manny' to study at the world-famous Norland College for nannies.He was the only male among his class of 21 girls to take the three year Diploma course and passed 'with merit'. Peter, 22, from Dyfed, Wales, said at the time: 'I don't see any problem. My careers adviser hinted that it was very female-dominated, but I took no notice. Pay attention class! This early photograph shows nannies patiently working with their young students . Smile! A trainee nanny from 1933 poses for the camera dressed in her neat uniform, which is still worn by students of the college today . Working away: The Norland College has a world famous reputation for top class training going back over 100 years . Norland founder Emily Ward . 'Being male has never been an issue with either of the parents that I've been with.' BA Honours degree course students pay £13,710-a-year for the first 24 months followed by two years at £4,120-a-year which includes probationary working 'on the job' with a family. But a fully qualified Norland Nanny will earn at least £26,800-a-year living in - while a live out nanny would expect a salary of around £34,500 per annum. Norland College, in Bath, Somerset - motto 'Love Never Faileth' - has trained more than 7,000 nannies since it was founded in 1892 by Emily Ward. It was originally named the Training School for Ladies as Children's Nurses, but it quickly became known as Norland Institute because of its location on Norland Place in London, before relocating to Bath in 2003. Emily Ward introduced a uniform so Norland graduates needed to be recognised as professionals and not mistaken for housemaids and it is still a strong part of the college's tradition. Nannies-to-be: The women were given their special uniforms, that are still worn today, so they would be taken as professionals . What a natty nurse! Norland student Jessy Burton and two of her charges in the mid 1890s. The women were schooled in domestic science and children's education so they would become first class nannies . History: These Norland Nurses in 1952 joined a rich tradition of graduates who are sought after for their skills . Norland College, founded in 1892 by Emily Ward, is a leading provider of childcare training. The . founder focused her training on the principles of Friedrich Froebel, . the German educationalist who developed the 'kindergarten system'. It's Early . Childhood Studies course concentrates on numerous aspects of childhood. Students study elements of social science, psychology, child . health, history, literature and education. It also trains its students - known . as 'Norlanders' when they graduate - how to work with families, develop a . child's math skills and become a whizz in the kitchen and teach a child . not only how to cook, but how to cook healthy meals. | eng_Latn | 8,658 |
Renfroe: Mother's Day gifts are like geometry class -- you have to show your work to get credit .
"As a holiday, it only really works the first five years you're a mother"
"Motherhood is a piece of your heart walking around outside your body" | (CNN) -- As a mom, I can tell you what a lot of us think but don't say out loud: Mother's Day only really works as a holiday the first five years you're a mother. The first year, it's a new milestone of your life. People want to acknowledge the fact that you're a mother. It's sweet. It's like they're saying, "Hey! Pay no attention to the fact that you're perpetually sleep deprived and will be for the next 18 years. Or that your lactating mammaries no longer belong to you and, in fact, betray you at really inopportune times. Or that beyond here only lie skeletons of your former social life. It's your day! We fete you!" Then for the next four years or so it's really cute to be brought breakfast-in-bed with homemade crayon-on-construction-paper cards and macaroni necklaces. Oh yes, that works. That tugs on every heartstring a mom has (disregarding that it will take you five hours to clean up the kitchen it took them exactly five minutes to destroy). It's pretty much every year after that which will end up in the "disappointing holiday" column. You know why? Because of Hallmark cards and grocery store bouquets, prepackaged chocolates and Mother's Day brunches at overcrowded eateries (because everyone else had the same idea: "I know! Let's take mom out for lunch and pay someone else to do for her what she has done for years for us for free!"). Those pre-packaged gifts all let mom know that her offspring know what day it is, but lack the single quality all moms love in a present: effort. That's right, good ol' sacrificial time and effort that add up to the one sentiment we're really looking for -- undying gratitude mixed with just a pinch of sorrow for our stretch marks. Good Mother's Day gifts are like geometry class where you are required to show your work in order to get credit. Moms prefer the "effort element" because it's the only thing that remotely begins to balance out the fact that we get blamed for a LOT. OK -- really -- just about everything: what we ate while our child was gestating, how we did/did not discipline them, whether we did not give enough hugs, read enough bedtime stories, gave too much smothering love, what we did/did not expose them to. Also, opportunities we did/did not afford them. If we helped too much with the science project, did not feed them enough protein in their formative preadolescent years, rewarded them with M&Ms during potty training which led to their carb addiction as an adult. Fill in the blank with your own mother issues. So we get 364 days of blame and one day of sorta kinda culturally mandated praise. Somehow it doesn't really balance out. But I like to think of Mother's Day in terms of a really overused buzzword (isn't "buzzword" an overused buzzword?) these days: "awareness." It's great for the mothered of the world to be aware of their gratitude for their mother (or mother figure) in their life, but I enjoy it for the awareness it brings to me. Every Mother's Day I'm reminded of what an exhausting privilege it is to get a front row seat to watch these amazing people grow from helpless infants to become people I truly love to hang out with. It's a gift to see them growing into all their gifts and talents and to watch with pride (and let's be honest -- concern) as they begin their own family units. It makes me sharply aware of what motherhood really is : 1. the hardest job you'll ever love, 2. responsibility without control, and 3. a piece of your heart walking around outside your body. And having a daughter and daughter-in-love (I call her "daughter-in-love because it's more than just a "law" thing) with babies, let me tell you what most every mother would really love this Mother's Day: a kiss, a hug and a nap. | Getting children to welcome a new baby into the home can sometimes prove difficult - especially when it wasn't the playmate they were hoping for. Indeed, one mother from Colorado filmed the moment she told her daughter she was expecting a boy. Footage shows the toddler's smile quickly turning to a frown and then a cry 'no' as she breaks down in tears. 'I want a baby sister!' the little girl dramatically sobs. Her mother calmly explains that it isn't possible and she'll be getting a baby brother. 'That's why it's blue,' she says referencing a baby shower cupcake at home. But the girl remains vehemently opposed to the idea. The clip ends with her exclaiming: 'I want a baby sister right now!' Hopefully she eventually came around to the idea of having a little brother. Caught on camera: One mother from America filmed the moment she told her daughter she was expecting a boy - the infant wasn't too impressed . Chain reaction: The toddler's smile quickly turns to a frown and then a cry 'no' as she breaks down in tears . | eng_Latn | 8,659 |
A chaos embedded GSA-SVM hybrid system for classification | GSA: A Gravitational Search Algorithm | The Family Stress and Coping Interview for families of individuals with developmental disabilities: a lifespan perspective on family adjustment | eng_Latn | 8,660 |
Are the current helicopter parenting practices a good thing? | Why is helicopter parenting good? | How do you feel to be born in a general family in a country where 'reserved' is preferred than 'deserved'? | eng_Latn | 8,661 |
Report: Women in Brazil, Russia, India and China more ambitious than U.S. counterparts .
Extended families, affordable childcare makes it easier for mothers to work, says author .
Eldercare and "daughterly guilt" are a more significant barrier than in Western world .
Women report: Assertiveness not considered feminine in China and India . | New York (CNN) -- The rapid growth in emerging markets over the past decade has made them fertile ground for the development of new approaches to attracting and managing talent. Among the biggest beneficiaries: Ambitious, educated women in Brazil, Russia, India, and China (BRIC). Following the trend in developed nations, BRIC women are graduating from university at rates equal to or exceeding men. As they enter the professional workforce in their home countries, these women have an unparalleled opportunity to leapfrog their Western counterparts. Research from the think tank I set up, Center for Talent Innovation, shows that their career ambitions and commitment overwhelm those of women in the U.S. In my book, "Winning the War for Talent in Emerging Markets: Why Women are the Solution," written with Ripa Rashid, we say some 76% of Chinese women, 80% of Brazilian women, and a whopping 86% of Indian women aspire to the top job, compared to only 52% of their U.S. counterparts. Over 80% in Brazil, Russia and India love their jobs, versus 70% in the U.S. Yet their promising futures too often are derailed by family-rooted "pulls" and workplace-centered "pushes." Although childcare is one of the most common career killers for women in the United States and Western Europe, it is rarely a serious problem in the emerging markets. Parents and in-laws frequently live nearby and are willing to pitch in to help care for their grandchildren. Nannies and household help are, for the most part, affordable and readily available. Instead, BRIC women confront a series of family and social pressures that pile onto women when they marry, ratchet up after they have children, and become almost crushing as their parents and in-laws get older. Eldercare is a ticking time bomb, especially in countries where filial piety is tightly woven into the cultural value system. Although elders today represent a net benefit to the female career professional in BRIC markets, demographic projections a huge leap in the percentage of the population over 60. This dramatic shift will land squarely on professional women. While many women in our sample did not have children, the vast majority -- 81% -- do have eldercare responsibilities. "Daughterly guilt," already substantial across the BRICs, actually exceeds maternal guilt in India and China. In spite of the tremendous gains in women's status in the BRICs over the past two decades, gender bias remains an indisputable reality of the workplace. In India and China, over 25% of CTI survey respondents believe women are treated unfairly in the workplace owing to their gender; in India, the number is 45%. More than half of educated women in India and nearly half of their counterparts in China have encountered bias severe enough to make them consider scaling back their career goals -- or quitting altogether. (Russia is the exception, in part owing to a Communist legacy that integrated women into the workplace better than elsewhere in today's emerging markets.) Even a sizable percentage of men agree that women are treated unfairly because of their gender. The most commonly encountered types of bias involve lingering stereotypes about women's abilities and commitment to work. These deeply rooted prejudices can impact women's careers in a range of ways, from curtailed assignments to smaller salaries to penalties for taking maternity leave. Women also have to fight cultural stereotypes that bar them from coveted assignments. More than half of the women surveyed are interested in international assignments, with most seeing them as critical to their career advancement. Yet because it's assumed that a woman's responsibilities are to her home, and that her husband and children will take precedence over commitment to her career, she is often passed over in favor of a man. But assertiveness can be difficult for women brought up in cultures that place great value on women's submissiveness and reticence, as in India and China, or consider it a trait that detracts from women's essential femininity. Many women surveyed felt crippled by this cultural bind, a sense further reinforced by the absence of senior female role models, mentors, sponsors and access to leadership training. Time and again, the women spoke of how hungry they are for more support from their employers and how much they would benefit from programs that would help them break out of their shells. A nuanced understanding of the cultural and social influences is essential to doing business effectively anywhere, yet the "think global, act local" mantra that is the cornerstone of many successful business strategies rarely extends to managing talented women in emerging markets. Employers who wish to maximize their potential need to understand their complicated career dynamics. Only by creating policies and practices that enable ambitious, educated women to flourish will companies ensure that the tomorrow's leaders get the skills and support they need today. | (CNN) -- It's time for some tiger cubs to approvingly roar for our strict parents, their domineering ways and their inflexibly high standards. The current depiction of tiger parenting is decidedly negative. Kim Wong Keltner's book on "Tiger Babies Strike Back" and Su Yeong Kim's report "Does Tiger Parenting Exist? Parenting Profiles of Chinese Americans and Adolescent Developmental Outcomes" suggest that strict Asian-style parenting produces an army of disengaged or emotionally stunted robots. While I can't speak for everyone, my own experience suggests that such upbringing also gives us the smarts to recognize our emotional and social deficiencies and to address them. My parents are immigrants from Taiwan. I was an only child, and I was expected to excel academically and extracurricularly. So, I delivered. I got straight A's. I played violin for hours. I did extra math, chemistry and physics problem sets under the eagle-eyed gaze of my mother. Through it all, I cried and screamed. A lot. My mom yelled back. A lot. I told her I hated my life, my teachers, my school and all my activities. She yelled that I just had to get through it. Quitting was not an option. And of course she was right. Opinion: Tiger moms, don't turn your kids into robots . I owe everything I am and have accomplished to my parents. My family expected a lot from me only because they believed in me and wanted the best for me. They pushed me to excel because they valued me as an individual. Tiger parents express their love through expectation of greatness, not in acceptance of mediocrity. Some people interpret such expectation as parental rejection of their worth as individuals. I always interpreted such crushing expectation as the ultimate belief in my self-worth. I knew that I was not being set up to fail. My mother did not push me to excel because she prized my accomplishments more than my feelings. She listened to my feelings, but she also knew that my teenage feelings were volatile and irrational. She knew better than to let my future be derailed by such feelings. My mother also knows that life has many obstacles, some external, many internal. She loved me too much to let me give up easily when confronted with those obstacles. For that I am eternally grateful. I gained confidence and resilience from tackling my endless workload and from fighting through sleep deprivation. I knew that I was capable of getting through seemingly impossible situations. I knew that if I failed, then I just had to try harder. Failure is not a permanent state, but merely a temporary challenge that had to be tackled creatively. The knock against tiger parenting style is that it does not foster emotional and social development. Well, it partly comes down to expressing love and affection differently. Tiger parents may not often say "I love you," but actions speak louder than words. My family never would have spent the time, money and effort—not to mention the emotional energy—on me if they did not love me. They never said this, of course. But I knew. Sure, my mother viewed socializing with others as a waste of time. She wanted me to be valedictorian, not homecoming queen. I didn't attend my homecoming. I was probably studying or working on my science project. Now, I readily acknowledge that there is great value in socializing with others, and that my current social skills probably would be better if I had more time to hang out at the mall or at Denny's. But childhood hours are limited. Each child only has about 157,680 hours before he/she turns 18. The opportunity cost of being an accomplished child is that it takes away time from making friends and nurturing relationships. For me, the tradeoff was worth it. There are skills that can only be learned in childhood. It is hard for a student to catch up academically if she is significantly behind in high school. But someone can become more self-aware, work on social skills and learn negotiating tactics later in life. Without the skills and expertise that is a result of excelling, I would never have the chance to sit at the important tables to participate in the discussions, no matter how great my social skills. I value my tiger cub upbringing mostly for the tools it gives me to make a difference in my community. I know plenty of grown up tiger cubs who tutor at-risk youth, advocate for the disadvantaged, and generally strive to improve the world. Our childhood accomplishments enable us to meaningfully contribute to our communities. And isn't that where self-awareness and proper socialization lead us all? The opinions expressed in this commentary are solely those of Grace Liu. | eng_Latn | 8,662 |
One in five keep presents for ourselves .
Quarter of Brits forget where they’ve hidden presents .
Men are the worst last minute offenders, with one in .
five claiming not to buy presents until Christmas Eve, compared to just .
one in ten 10 women . | One in five keep presents for ourselves . Quarter of Brits forget where they’ve hidden presents . Men are the worst last minute offenders, with one in . five claiming not to buy presents until Christmas Eve, compared to just . one in ten 10 women . By . Bianca London . PUBLISHED: . 03:55 EST, 22 November 2012 . | . UPDATED: . 09:04 EST, 22 November 2012 . With just over a month to go until Christmas people are beginning to get in the festive spirit. But while the Christmas lights may be switched on and shopping underway for most people, new research reveals that a staggering 6.7 million consumers will leave buying Christmas presents until Christmas Eve. And it appears that last minute present shopping won’t be the only festive faux pas made this year. Millions of Brits now leave their Christmas shopping to the last minute, some even have to recycle old gifts . The latest study found that nearly a quarter of Brits claim to have bought Christmas presents and later forgotten where they hid them, with women nearly twice as likely to misplace festive gifts around the house. And it seems we’re a bunch selfish shoppers with one in five of us claiming to have kept a present for ourselves, despite it being intended for someone else. Similarly one in seven have gone Christmas shopping and only bought gifts for themselves. Men are the worst offenders, with one in five claiming not to buy presents until Christmas Eve, compared to just one in ten 10 women . Men are the worst offenders when it comes to last minute shopping, with one in five claiming not to buy presents until Christmas Eve, compared to just one in ten 10 women. In addition, one in ten have bought last-minute gifts from petrol stations on their way to see loved ones, while one in ten have even wrapped up something used that they already own and given it as a present. Duncan Jennings, co-founder of VoucherCodes.co.uk, who carried out the research, said: 'There’s a lot to organise at Christmas but there’s no excuse for buying presents at a petrol station. 'With most retailers offering multiple ways to shop, online, in-store or even through a smartphone, picking up a gift has never been easier. 'Shoppers should consider writing a list of gifts they need to buy before they get started to keep them on track and help them avoid hefty last-minute delivery costs. 'We also tend to see huge discounts appearing in the lead up to Christmas, so getting organised and buying presents early will not only help consumers reduce seasonal stress, but can also save them a heap of cash.' Forgetting where you’ve hidden the presents (24 per cent) Buying a present for someone else and keeping it for yourself (22 per cent) Going Christmas shopping and only buying for yourself (16 per cent) Leaving all of your shopping until Christmas Eve (15 per cent) Wrapping up something used from home to give as a present (10 per cent) | As the White House convened a day-long summit on working families with a heavy focus on work-life balance, I remembered a major survey last year that took issue with the prevailing notion that juggling work and home life is mainly a woman's issue. According to a survey by the Pew Research Center, 56% of working mothers said it was very or somewhat difficult to balance the responsibilities of their jobs and their families; 50% of working fathers, nearly as many as working mothers, said the very same thing. And when it comes to who is doing more of the telecommuting, another survey also challenges the longstanding belief that it's mainly working moms. By a wide margin, more men than women are working not from the office, but from home, a business center or another location, according to the national survey by Flex+Strategy Group/Work+Life Fit Inc., which works with organizations and individuals to create flexible workplaces. Nearly one-third of the 556 full-time employed adults who were surveyed said they do most of their work remotely, and nearly three out of four of those telecommuters were men. Why do these findings matter? Because too often, when work-life balance is discussed among policymakers, in the media, even online, the general sense is that it's primarily a concern of women, especially working mothers. "The significance of the research is that it proves that the way we think and talk about work-life flexibility doesn't track with reality," said Cali Yost, chief executive officer and founder of Flex+Strategy Group/Work+Life Fit Inc. "As a result, both business and people aren't reaping the rewards of a more thoughtful, deliberate, strategic approach to managing work and life." And when these misperceptions are held by C-suite executives, they can dramatically impact how far organizations might go to create more flexible workplaces for their employees. "An everyone issue" Consider a recent analysis of interviews with nearly 4,000 executives worldwide conducted by Harvard Business School students from 2008 to 2013. Both male and female executives considered the "tension between work and family to be primarily a woman's problem," according to the report. "As Rebecca Traister recently pointed out in the New Republic, when we're trying to solve the problem of not enough women in the upper echelons of business, tech, and politics, we always direct these conversations at women themselves," wrote Jessica Grose for Slate earlier this year. "But the problem here isn't women's lack of ambition or, necessarily, their lack of support at home. The issue is that we need to get men to acknowledge work-life conflicts as an everyone issue, not a women's issue or a mom's issue," wrote Grose. Craig Cincotta, vice president for brand communications for Porch.com, an online home improvement network, said in today's 24/7 connected world, work-life balance becomes an issue for nearly everyone, women and men. WATCH: Why Zuckerberg's sister says to log off . "In my experience people often feel the need to be accessible at all times to demonstrate their commitment to the job," said Cincotta. "Answering e-mail at 3 a.m. becomes a badge of honor. When that becomes the societal norm, it makes it hard for people to find a healthy work-life balance." Jennifer Styles, a co-owner and managing partner of The Workshop Collective, a marketing, public relations, design and Web development firm, said work-life balance is an issue for both genders, and not just working parents. "I am not a parent. I am a co-owner of a company with over 20 employees (who are my family) and I feel guilty not 'working' all the time or being readily available for my team during all hours of the day," said Styles on Facebook. "I try not to look at my phone after 9 p.m. but it is a challenge. ... Most business owners don't have the choice to not respond to their team/clients in a timely fashion." Weakened commitment to flexibility? After Marissa Mayer of Yahoo! banned working from home shortly after taking over as the company's chief executive officer, many women and men wondered if more companies might follow her lead and move in the direction of less flexibility as opposed to more. The results of another survey by Flex+Strategy Group/Work+Life Fit Inc. show that, at least as far as employees' perceptions are concerned, that might be the case. While 97% of those surveyed said they had some flexibility at work, more than four out of ten said they perceive a "waning commitment" to flexibility at their company, according to survey results released in May. In addition, only 40% of those surveyed who had work-life flexibility received any guidance or training from their employer on how to use work-life flexibility most effectively. What all this means, said Yost, the expert on workplace flexibility, is that the majority of workers with flexibility "are flying by the seat of their pants and are not optimizing the flexibility they have to benefit themselves and the business." "Everyone loses ... including women," she added. No "one size fits all" approach . Cincotta of Porch.com says as a manager and leader within his company, he wants to help people find work-life balance -- or life-work balance, as he thinks we should call it. But he says it's an issue that each person has to define for himself or herself. "We cannot expect a 'one size fits all' approach to the solution," said Cincotta. "Maybe it is working from home one day a week, perhaps it is a commitment not to check mail on the weekend. Whatever the solution people fundamentally develop as their own, they need to identify and respect the boundaries required to make it effective." Expanding the conversation about work-life balance to include men and people without children can lead to more workplace changes that benefit more employees, men and women I talked with say. It can also provide more opportunities for working parents, especially mothers who would choose to continue their professional paths if they and their partners had more flexibility to balance the demands at home. "Having a partner split the child-rearing duties enables you to juggle your art/career/work with the responsibilities and fun that come with raising a child," said Amy Glazer, who is head of the theater program at San Jose State University and the mom of a college-age son. "The beauty of actually dividing the parenting labor, although it's chaotic, is that when the child grows up, as my child has -- we both still have careers to come back to and the nest is too busy to feel empty." How important is work-life balance to you? Share your thoughts in the comments or tell Kelly Wallace on Twitter or CNN Living on Facebook. | eng_Latn | 8,663 |
The feminist agenda has been hijacked by the well-educated professionals .
Middle-class sisterhood judge themselves on success of working lives .
Britain has become one of the most family-unfriendly countries . | By BELINDA BROWN FOR THE DAILY MAIL . Why is the success of female emancipation and equal opportunity — both cornerstones of the modern feminist movement — measured by the number of women who are in top jobs such as directors of FTSE 100 companies or High Court judges? The depressing answer is that the so-called feminist agenda has been hijacked by one group of women who have turned it into a self-improvement manifesto for their own social type: the well-educated, professional and political elite of high-flying woman. Recently, Professor Alison Wolf, an economist at King’s College London, argued that feminism has become obsessed with these ambitious over-achievers and is ignoring the concerns of the majority of women — those who didn’t go to university, those who are stay-at-home mums and those in low-paid jobs. Scroll down for video . The so-called feminist agenda has been hijacked by the well-educated, professional and political elite of high-flying woman . While Labour deputy leader Harriet Harman has predictably criticised Baroness Wolf, I couldn’t agree with her more. This privileged middle-class sisterhood — who have enough money to farm out their childcare to a small army of nannies, au pairs and nursery school teachers — judge themselves by the success of their working lives. Sadly, they judge all other women, too, by the same unreasonable yardstick. In doing so, they patronisingly ignore millions of other women, many of whom would prefer to stay at home and raise a family — at least until their children start full-time education. The fact is that many of those women who choose to work treat their often low-grade, poorly-paid job principally as a financial means of supporting their family, rather than as an end in itself. In short, whereas there is a powerful feminist elite who live to work, the vast majority of women work — if they have to, for economic reasons — simply as a means to live. The tragedy is that, in their blinkered attitude, modern feminists are causing deep damage to the latter for not espousing their values. Thanks to their high public profiles and influential positions, they are able to dictate how the success of female emancipation and equal opportunity should be measured. To watch the video in full please click here . Labour deputy leader Harriet Harman (pictured) has criticised Baroness Wolf for her comments on feminism . And, of course, they measure it as they measure their own success — strictly in terms of work. As a result, the policies of governments of all political parties over recent years have been dominated by the principle of getting all women into work or back into work. This, in my view, is utterly misguided. For the unforeseen consequence is that Britain is now one of the most family-unfriendly countries in the developed world — with a distorted tax and benefit system to match. Astonishingly, given how often David Cameron talks about the importance of marriage and the family, he continues to head a government that has a particular bias against single-earner households and which seems to be driven by the belief that even mothers with young children should go out to work as much as possible. This emphasis on working-women perfectly suits those well-educated, professional, middle-class couples in which both husband and wife work. Their double incomes allow them to buy a big house, good schools for their children, more exotic holidays and, crucially, round-the-clock childcare. But for governments to adhere to such a distorted mindset does not help the millions of women who do not feel defined by their job — but who care passionately about keeping their relationships and families together. By ignoring the wishes of this large group of women, the blinkered feminists — unable to conceive of a world where not all women think like them — make the tough lives of so many mothers even tougher. What these feminists seem to have forgotten is that not all women are the same. Admittedly, some women will always strive to succeed at the highest level — and it is absolutely right that they have the equal opportunity to do so. But there are millions of women who, for all sorts of reasons — relating to their life-priorities, wealth and education or social background — have no interest in pursuing a career. They simply want to have happy, healthy children; a supportive, loving husband, and enough money to get by. The problem is, however, that as a result of the pressure from modern feminists and their influence on people such as Mr Cameron (whose high-flying wife once earned an estimated £400,000 salary as creative director of an upmarket stationery firm), women with more modest, family-oriented ambitions suffer. Prime Minister, David Cameron (pictured), often talks about the importance of marriage and the family while he continues to head a government that has a particular bias against single-earner households . At the top end of the social ladder, successful working women are invariably supported by an equally well-remunerated husband. But at the other end of the social scale, life is very different. Encouraged by government incentives to go out to work (for example, given childcare vouchers) — and, of course, through economic necessity — they feel they have to take a job . . . even if they don’t want to. Every morning I see women leave the council estate where I live, to go to work — stopping with a heavy heart at the nursery or child-minder to drop off a young child. This is the routine of millions of women all over the country. The term feminism, first used in Britain in the 1890s, comes from the French word ‘feminisme,’ coined by utopian socialist Charles Fourier. There is another side-effect. The increase in the number of women at the lower end of the social scale who feel they have to go out to work inevitably means a reduction of the numbers of men in the workplace. Indeed, all the official statistics show that male unemployment is on the rise. As a result, working women — if they have a partner — often return home from work to find an unemployed partner who’s been kicking his heels at home all day, seething with resentment and low self-esteem. Not surprisingly, she, in turn, will often seethe — in despair at the lack of gratitude. This can easily lead to a downward spiral, with couples much more likely to break up. Then, sadly, the great risk is that this will damage the couple’s children, with boys, in particular, suffering at school, experimenting with drugs or drifting into crime. And so, in the next generation, male unemployment is the almost inevitable outcome. And all this is because of the power of a feminist elite who have relentlessly promoted social policies that sacrifice the values and interests of ordinary and relatively happy family lives in the name of ‘equal opportunity’. The damage, I fear, they are doing to conventional family life in this country is enormous. So what can be done to reverse this? Professor Alison Wolf (pictured) argued that feminism has become obsessed with these ambitious over-achievers and is ignoring the concerns of the majority of women . Of course, nobody wishes to stop any talented and ambitious woman from achieving at the highest level and it’s absolutely right that such women compete with men on a truly level playing field. But there needs to be an acknowledgement that a woman’s worth cannot be judged solely by the job she does, and that a woman who stays at home to bring up a family is every bit as valuable as other more professionally ambitious women. What’s needed is a major sea-change in thinking, one that acknowledges that men and women are not the same — but also that all women are not the same, either. I’m not saying that those who choose to stay at home should be offered unfair financial inducements to do so — but they should certainly not be punished for doing so. Yet that’s exactly what the current tax and benefits system does. This is perverse. Why, for example, shouldn’t a stay-at-home mother be able to transfer her . personal income tax allowance to her husband and partner, thereby reducing the tax burden on hard-pressed family finances. But that should only be a first step. Since the feminist revolution began in the Seventies, billions of pounds must have been spent on promoting sexual equality and women’s role in the workplace. The great irony is that its success has resulted, today, with the Government worried about levels of male unemployment. For the incontrovertible fact is that men are suffering: falling behind women in education; in the numbers taking up apprenticeships and, increasingly, in the workplace, too. This isn’t a development for feminists to crow over; it’s a potential social disaster. It is a truism that men in work are happier men, and they make better husbands and more attentive fathers. I believe that if more men could be helped to find jobs, while more women choose to stay at home, society would benefit with a virtuous circle of happier husbands, happier wives and, of course, happier children. But that can only happen if the Government — and the feminist elite it seems to be in thrall to — accept that a woman who stays at home and raises children can be every bit as valuable to society as a whole as the woman who goes out to forge a brilliant career. | By . Kerry Mcdermott . Sheffield has topped a list of Britain's happiest cities - with a third of the population saying they wake up with a smile on their face every day. Tellingly, those polled ranked sex highly on the list of factors that keep them feeling upbeat, along with doing good deeds for others, spending time with family and being given a compliment. The South Yorkshire steel centre beat southern spots including London, Bristol and popular seaside resort Brighton to the number one position. Shiny happy Sheffield: The south Yorkshire city beat major tourist destinations including London and Edinburgh to top the poll . Upbeat: Sheffield has topped a poll of the happiest places in Britain, with a third of the population saying they feel upbeat every day . Edinburgh was second on the list of the happiest cities, beating Brighton into third and the Welsh capital Cardiff into fourth position. Other Scottish cities fared less well, with the study indicating that only 16 per cent of people in Glasgow feel good daily. People in Norwich, which came in 13th place, rated sex highest on their list of factors that keep them feeling good seven days a week, with 43 per cent of people citing its importance - twice as many as in Belfast. The study, commissioned by Transform Cosmetic Surgery Group, revealed 61 per cent of Britons say doing something nice for another person is what makes them feel good. A substantial 72 per cent of people in the happiest city of Sheffield said doing good deeds puts them in a better mood. Feeling capital: Edinburgh came second in the poll, beating Cardiff, London and Belfast . Grey days: Bristol, in the South West, only managed 15th place on the list of the happiest cities in Britain . In Manchester 60.9 per cent of people said the same, while 62.8 per cent of the population of Southampton said it was important to put other people's needs first in order to retain a sunny demeanour. A total of 20.8 per cent of those surveyed said they felt at their best on a Saturday. But the study also revealed a quarter of Britons never feel good about themselves. When asked to state the situation most likely to make them lose their confidence, over 25 per cent said looking at their own reflection. Feel-good factor: This graphic reveals the nation's happiest locations - and those where people's spirits are a little less sunny . Other situations likely to have a negative impact on a person's confidence were dealing with bank or utility companies, the study showed. It suggested people's confidence peaks during the 24 to 35 age bracket. A spokesman for Transform said: 'Although it’s upsetting that still so many of us feel so low on a regular occurrence and how little confidence we have, it’s refreshing to hear that confidence levels are on the up for the majority of us.' | eng_Latn | 8,664 |
The White House is holding a summit Monday on issues affecting working families .
Working fathers, like working mothers, find it hard to balance work and family, survey says .
More men than women are telecommuting, according to another survey .
Work-life balance is an "everyone issue" not a women's or moms' issue, says one writer . | As the White House convened a day-long summit on working families with a heavy focus on work-life balance, I remembered a major survey last year that took issue with the prevailing notion that juggling work and home life is mainly a woman's issue. According to a survey by the Pew Research Center, 56% of working mothers said it was very or somewhat difficult to balance the responsibilities of their jobs and their families; 50% of working fathers, nearly as many as working mothers, said the very same thing. And when it comes to who is doing more of the telecommuting, another survey also challenges the longstanding belief that it's mainly working moms. By a wide margin, more men than women are working not from the office, but from home, a business center or another location, according to the national survey by Flex+Strategy Group/Work+Life Fit Inc., which works with organizations and individuals to create flexible workplaces. Nearly one-third of the 556 full-time employed adults who were surveyed said they do most of their work remotely, and nearly three out of four of those telecommuters were men. Why do these findings matter? Because too often, when work-life balance is discussed among policymakers, in the media, even online, the general sense is that it's primarily a concern of women, especially working mothers. "The significance of the research is that it proves that the way we think and talk about work-life flexibility doesn't track with reality," said Cali Yost, chief executive officer and founder of Flex+Strategy Group/Work+Life Fit Inc. "As a result, both business and people aren't reaping the rewards of a more thoughtful, deliberate, strategic approach to managing work and life." And when these misperceptions are held by C-suite executives, they can dramatically impact how far organizations might go to create more flexible workplaces for their employees. "An everyone issue" Consider a recent analysis of interviews with nearly 4,000 executives worldwide conducted by Harvard Business School students from 2008 to 2013. Both male and female executives considered the "tension between work and family to be primarily a woman's problem," according to the report. "As Rebecca Traister recently pointed out in the New Republic, when we're trying to solve the problem of not enough women in the upper echelons of business, tech, and politics, we always direct these conversations at women themselves," wrote Jessica Grose for Slate earlier this year. "But the problem here isn't women's lack of ambition or, necessarily, their lack of support at home. The issue is that we need to get men to acknowledge work-life conflicts as an everyone issue, not a women's issue or a mom's issue," wrote Grose. Craig Cincotta, vice president for brand communications for Porch.com, an online home improvement network, said in today's 24/7 connected world, work-life balance becomes an issue for nearly everyone, women and men. WATCH: Why Zuckerberg's sister says to log off . "In my experience people often feel the need to be accessible at all times to demonstrate their commitment to the job," said Cincotta. "Answering e-mail at 3 a.m. becomes a badge of honor. When that becomes the societal norm, it makes it hard for people to find a healthy work-life balance." Jennifer Styles, a co-owner and managing partner of The Workshop Collective, a marketing, public relations, design and Web development firm, said work-life balance is an issue for both genders, and not just working parents. "I am not a parent. I am a co-owner of a company with over 20 employees (who are my family) and I feel guilty not 'working' all the time or being readily available for my team during all hours of the day," said Styles on Facebook. "I try not to look at my phone after 9 p.m. but it is a challenge. ... Most business owners don't have the choice to not respond to their team/clients in a timely fashion." Weakened commitment to flexibility? After Marissa Mayer of Yahoo! banned working from home shortly after taking over as the company's chief executive officer, many women and men wondered if more companies might follow her lead and move in the direction of less flexibility as opposed to more. The results of another survey by Flex+Strategy Group/Work+Life Fit Inc. show that, at least as far as employees' perceptions are concerned, that might be the case. While 97% of those surveyed said they had some flexibility at work, more than four out of ten said they perceive a "waning commitment" to flexibility at their company, according to survey results released in May. In addition, only 40% of those surveyed who had work-life flexibility received any guidance or training from their employer on how to use work-life flexibility most effectively. What all this means, said Yost, the expert on workplace flexibility, is that the majority of workers with flexibility "are flying by the seat of their pants and are not optimizing the flexibility they have to benefit themselves and the business." "Everyone loses ... including women," she added. No "one size fits all" approach . Cincotta of Porch.com says as a manager and leader within his company, he wants to help people find work-life balance -- or life-work balance, as he thinks we should call it. But he says it's an issue that each person has to define for himself or herself. "We cannot expect a 'one size fits all' approach to the solution," said Cincotta. "Maybe it is working from home one day a week, perhaps it is a commitment not to check mail on the weekend. Whatever the solution people fundamentally develop as their own, they need to identify and respect the boundaries required to make it effective." Expanding the conversation about work-life balance to include men and people without children can lead to more workplace changes that benefit more employees, men and women I talked with say. It can also provide more opportunities for working parents, especially mothers who would choose to continue their professional paths if they and their partners had more flexibility to balance the demands at home. "Having a partner split the child-rearing duties enables you to juggle your art/career/work with the responsibilities and fun that come with raising a child," said Amy Glazer, who is head of the theater program at San Jose State University and the mom of a college-age son. "The beauty of actually dividing the parenting labor, although it's chaotic, is that when the child grows up, as my child has -- we both still have careers to come back to and the nest is too busy to feel empty." How important is work-life balance to you? Share your thoughts in the comments or tell Kelly Wallace on Twitter or CNN Living on Facebook. | A new study has found that men are more likely to boast about their accomplishments (illustrated with a stock image) Men are more likely to boast about their accomplishments, according to research that will come as no surprise to many women. They are also more likely to lie to cover up their deficiencies, a new study has found. Approximately seven in 10 men confessed to boasting about what they are good at, while half admitted they have claimed to be skilled in areas that they are not. The survey suggests that men’s reliance on bragging comes from a greater need to boost their own confidence and one in 10 men said they do it in a bid to win the respect of others. Psychologist Professor Cary Cooper, of Lancaster University, said men are conditioned to be more competitive than women and feel a greater need to impress. ‘The reason for men being more boastful than women stems from traditional male and female roles,’ he said. ‘In the past, men were more likely to be the main breadwinners, with a need to boast to achieve success within the competitive male dominated workplace. ‘Outside the workplace, boasting may be used by men for impressing members of the opposite sex.’ Almost half of men surveyed by thetrainline.com confessed to bragging in order to boost their confidence and 42 per cent said they have lied about their abilities to make themselves look good. Out to impress: One psychologist thinks that men are more boastful because of traditional male and female roles. In the past, when men tended to be the breadwinners, they has to boast to achieve success within the workplace and to impress the opposite sex (illustrated) Britons claim to be best at: . Britons are worst at: . In contrast, the survey found that just 37 per cent of women have misled others about their talents, while 54 per cent said they have blown their own trumpet. The study found that people are more likely to show off when they are younger. Over half of 18-24 year-olds exaggerate their skills, compared to a quarter of over 55's. The research found that men in particular struggle to admit to things they are bad at, but recognising failings is an endearing quality to others, experts said. When others confess their weaknesses, 67 per cent of people appreciate their honesty, 41 per cent have more respect for them and 15 per cent like them more. Females are more modest: The survey found that just 37 per cent of women have misled others about their talents, while 54 per cent said they have blown their own trumpet and boasted about an accomplishment (illustrated) Confirming that a great British stereotype is true – that Britons are humble and depreciating, – most people believe themselves to be rubbish at eight things and only good at five. It appears that Britons' main shortcomings as a nation are singing and dancing, with other half of respondents to the story admitting they have no talent in these areas. Around two in five people say they are good at saving money and 22 per cent at planning efficient travel routes. However, it might be fair to assume that women are better at planning day trips, as men are 27 per cent more likely to miss a train than women and 19 per cent more inclined to jump on the wrong one. They are also more likely to lose luggage and tickets. Running late: Around 20 per cent of Britons said they are best at making travel arrangements, but men were found to be 27 per cent more likely to miss a train than women (illustrated) and 19 per cent more inclined to jump on the wrong one . | eng_Latn | 8,665 |
Women who fear marriage breakdown work longer as a 'form of insurance' claims new research from the London School of Economics .
However this increase was not matched by husbands taking more responsibility around the home . | Married men, is your significant other spending more and more time at work? Watch out because it could be a sign that she thinks your relationship is in trouble. A study found that women who fear their marriage is breaking down begin working longer hours as a 'form of insurance'. Scientists have worked out that for every 1 per cent increase in the risk of marital breakdown, they put in an extra twelve minutes a week. 'Form of insurance': Women who feel like their marriage is on the rocks spend longer in the office, a new study from LSE researchers claims . But the study also found that there is no strong evidence to suggest men do the same when a relationship is struggling. Berkay Ozcan and his colleagues at the London School of Economics used the 1996 legalisation of divorce in Ireland to calculate how subsequent marriage breakdown rates affected women’s participation in the workforce. 'We see women who are at a higher risk of divorce significantly increase how much they work. And it is not that women working outside the home are more likely to get divorced,' he said. 'Rather, faced with a rising probability of divorce, women work more, whether they ultimately separate or not. They are working as a form of insurance in case of divorce or in anticipation of it. Divorce is harder on women.' In Ireland, following the legalisation of divorce, non-religious married women increased how much they worked by about 18 per cent, compared to their churchgoing counterparts. Religious women were used as a control . group by the researchers because they were not affected by the new . divorce law - their rate of separation remained constant and their . divorce rate is marginal. Still holding the family together: Women¿s increased work outside the home was not compensated by either a decrease in domestic time spent on childcare or an increase in childrearing by father, the study also found . The . study using a national survey of almost 3,000 households also found . women’s increased work outside the home was not compensated by either a . decrease in domestic time spent on childcare or an increase in . childrearing by fathers. Working mothers may have to juggle more tasks than their husbands, but the long-held belief that women are better than men at multitasking is a myth, according to Swedish research. 'On the contrary, the results of our study show that men are better at multitasking than women,' Timo Maentylae, a psychology professor at Stockholm University, said. Men are sometimes better than women at handling multiple tasks simultaneously, but the performance gap is correlated to the female menstrual cycle, according to his study. Dr Ozcan, whose findings are published in the European Economic Review, said: 'Our results suggest women’s changing work patterns outside of the home were not accompanied by a decrease in specialisation of tasks within the home. 'Women who have secured their outside options, in case of divorce, may have done so, at least in the short run, at the expense of their leisure time and potentially their wellbeing.' After the legislation was introduced non religious women were 34 per cent more likely to divorce, and religious women just 7 per cent more likely. Dr Ozcan said it is unclear whether legalising divorce may have strengthened or weakened wives’ bargaining position within the marriage. He said: 'In the short run, women may be hurt more by the higher likelihood of divorce as they are often the weaker spouse financially and would suffer more from a divorce than men. 'In the longer run, however, they may actually adjust labour supply and strengthen outside options.' Commenting on the findings Ayesha Vardag, one of Britain's leading divorce lawyers, said: 'My own experience is that both men and women tend to work longer hours when they don't want to go home. 'This can be to avoid a partner with whom the relationship has become strained or painful, or to avoid the stresses of child-caring after an exhausting day at work. 'The corollary of that may be that while home life becomes less enticing, the independence of a career, and the sense of self-worth and being ones own person that working gives, becomes all the more important.' | (CNN) -- Marissa Mayer's announcement that Yahoo employees who work remotely must come in the office or quit has raised howls of criticism. Her supporters defend her decision by pointing out that many Yahoo workers who work at home never came in and hid from management, and that her decree is a wake-up call to get focused on teamwork and innovation so that the company can get up to speed. Mayer's reasoning makes some sense. But mandating face time will not automatically lead to creativity and collaboration. The key is establishing a culture of innovation and aligning talent and performance. Telework should not have to axed in the process. A work-at-home mom defends Yahoo's Mayer . Yahoo happens to be a case of an out-of-control, work-at-home company. It's telework gone horribly wrong. Telework, in itself, does not hurt productivity. But telework, when implemented poorly, can be a problem. Telework is just one out of many management tools designed to make a company more attractive for hardworking employees. Working from home doesn't necessarily hurt productivity. If management takes the time to implement it effectively and link it to accountability, then telework benefits both the company and employees. It can build trust and promote healthy work-life balance among employees. However, management must have the courage to get rid of deadwood and fire telework abusers. Employees commit to an organization because they buy into company goals and feel valued, not because they are ordered to sit at their desks. Yahoo may have long-term trust and morale issues if it continues this policy. Abolishing telework is like canceling the prom because some immature people spiked the punch bowl. It is not going to get Yahoo out of its doldrums. It may result in exodus, as talents leave for employers who do not see work-life flexibility at war with job performance. Opinion: CEO is right: Yahoo workers must show up . Mayer's calling all remote workers into the office raises some unspoken prevailing cultural assumptions. Workers who have control over where, when and how they work are often perceived as less productive. Giving workers flexibility to integrate personal life with work is viewed as antithetical to boosting performance. Yet studies have shown that all workers value control over personal and work time. This is not just a mom's child care issue or a dad's elderly care issue. It is a people issue. From millennials to Gen Xers to boomers, men to women, returning veterans to disabled employees -- having flextime and telework can make a huge difference in people's lives as they juggle work and life. Adapting to new ways of working is a competitive advantage in today's working environment. Organizations should realize that not everyone works best in the same way. Some people can handle text messages from work, family, news and Facebook 24/7. Others work better at 5 a.m. or late at night. And then there are people who desperately need time to focus and detach from work to get creative. Policy riles workers everywhere . Productivity does not equal face time. What remote workers should do is set clear performance goals and regular times for meetings and calls with core teams. Telework can build loyalty since employees can better manage their family life -- something that everyone can appreciate. And sometimes, they end up working more hours that they don't clock in. So when should a company draw a line on working remotely or in the office? When management is no longer sure who works for them or how to coordinate a team, and employees always place their own interests over the company. Yahoo needs to ask employees how to improve productivity and creativity without having to sacrifice telework. Given that it's harder than ever nowadays to separate the boundary between work from life, does Yahoo really think that requiring that employees to work in the office is the right solution? Let's hope Mayer's decision is temporary. The opinions in this commentary are solely those of Ellen Ernst Kossek. | eng_Latn | 8,666 |
Couples who don't share housework are heading for divorce | Does your husband or wife idly sit back and watch TV while you slave away over mountains of ironing?
Then your relationship could be doomed, as a new study claims a 'mismatch' in household chores makes you more likely to split.
Researchers at Stockholm University's Demography Unit believe they've scientifically proved the long-held view that the division of household duties has a huge impact on 'marital satisfaction and stability'.
Scroll down for video
Couples where men believe they are sharing household duties 'equally' but the woman says she's carrying out more chores could be doomed - with both parties unhappy
Unsurprisingly, they found that women in heterosexual couples who feel they do the bulk of the housework tend to be unhappy in their relationships, and more likely to consider dumping their partner.
Interestingly, men in these relationships tend to be unsatisfied too, with these unions more likely to 'dissolve'.
Whether male or female, relationship satisfaction was found to be lower in couples where one partner reports doing the bulk of the housework.
The most 'severe' cases are in couples where men believed they are sharing household duties 'equally' but the woman says she is carrying out more chores - with both parties being less satisfied.
Researchers found that women in couples who feel they do the bulk of the housework tend to be unsatisfied in their relationships, and more likely to consider dumping their partner
These 'mismatches' in reports could spell disaster, the study found.
Researchers used data from Sweden's 2009 Young Adult Panel Study (YAPS) which collected information from 3,500 individuals, which looked at the work and family situations in the first phases of young adult life over a period of 10 years.
'We looked at heterosexual couples and whether they agree on how they share the household and if that affects their relationship,' Maria Brandén, one of the authors of the study, told Swedish news site The Local.
'In line with other research we find that if couples divide the household tasks unequally, so if the woman does more than the man, it reflects badly on the relationship.
'Those couples are more likely to dissolve and they have less relationship satisfaction.'
She added: 'If the woman reports they share the work unequally and the man reports they share equally, this has an even more negative effect.
'So, if the man doesn't acknowledge that the woman does more work, it also has a negative effect on the relationship.' | Splitting the bill the fair way: Why the higher earner should pay more
It comes down to math: The first step is to add your net incomes together. Then divide each individual income by this figure and multiply by 100. | eng_Latn | 8,667 |
Tanzania: How Children Can Grow Up to Be Millionaires - Expert | Dar es Salaam — The UTT Asset Management and Investment Services (UTT Amis) has debunked the theory that creating big investors is only through getting big bank loans for investment.
UTT has shown that through compounding interest children from ordinary households can be millionaires when they are aged over 20. UTT marketing and public relations director Daud Mbaga yesterday told The Citizen that Tanzanians should understand that investing in UTT has the benefit of compounding interest and create future millionaires.
"When one invests in any of our five products has a chance of being a millionaire through compounding interest calculations."
When a father or mother starts investing or saving Sh220,000 for his or her child aged five in the coming 25 years the child will have an investment of at least Sh20.9 million taking into account the fact that the interest is 20 per cent.
"When the same amount remains in the UTT for more than five years, the earnings can rise up to more than Sh100 million," he insists.
"This figure of accrued collective investment schemes under UTT can easily be proved through downloading a compounding interest calculator from your smartphone on the website."
Business consultant Gilbert Komba defines compounding interest as medium- and long-term investment in which interest is added to the principal of a deposit or loan so that the added interest also earns interest from it. "It is interest over interest. Imagine, you invest a certain amount of money under an agreed period of time; and when you want to withdraw it you get interest with added interest," he says.
Normally, interest rates provided by the funds that are owned by UTT are between 10 to 20 per cent. But its unit value is sometimes higher and sometimes low, depending on time spent in saving and the prevailing risks, Mr Mbaga clarifies. | Please enable Javascript to watch this video
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It is also important for her to maintain a relationship with her other siblings in the future.
If you or anyone you know is interested in adoption, please contact ForeverFamily. | eng_Latn | 8,668 |
Hoarding Can Start Early, But Signs Are Hard To See In Teens | Hoarding disorder is generally diagnosed in older adults, after their inability to discard things and their anxiety over possessions leave them unable to function. But it may take root much earlier in life, though psychiatrists say they're just starting to figure that out. Hoarding symptoms may look different in teenagers than they do in adults, researchers reported at the American Psychiatric Association's annual meeting this week in New York. A seriously cluttered living space is one of the main signs of hoarding disorder in adults. But teens who show some of the symptoms of hoarding usually haven't collected nearly as many things as adults, says Volen Ivanov, a psychologist at the Karolinska Institutet in Sweden. "This could be due to a limit in freedom," Ivanov tells Shots. Kids who still live under their parents' roofs aren't as free to buy or collect things in the same way as adults who live on their own. But it could also be that hoarding gets worse over time. Losses in life like the death of a loved one can exacerbate hoarding, Ivanov says. "So maybe it takes a little bit of time before life takes its toll on these youngsters." Compulsive hoarding is a debilitating psychiatric condition. While many people collect things, those with hoarding disorder usually accumulate huge quantities of things such as newspapers, household items and clothing. In extreme cases, the piles can result in dangerous or unhygienic living conditions. The disorder is difficult to treat, but working with a therapist helps many patients. Ivanov and his colleagues looked at 8,500 Swedish adolescents born between 1994 and 1995. In a study published last year, he found that 2 percent of this adolescent population showed symptoms of hoarding. Other research has found that 2 to 5.5 percent of adults show the same symptoms. To further understand teen hoarding, the researchers observed 21 young people who had trouble parting with possessions, regardless of their value — that's another key symptom of hoarding. But when the researchers looked at these teens' rooms, none of them showed the extreme levels of clutter that characterized adult hoarders' living spaces. Either hoarding is a disorder that doesn't fully show up in people until adulthood, or we need to change the criteria we use to diagnose the disorder, Ivanov says. Continuing to observe this group over time may clear things up, he says. "We know that at least in adults there is a clear genetic component, and there is also an environmental component," he says. But beyond that, "we don't know that much about this condition." | Don Williams and Louisa Jagger are on a mission to help people save treasured family heirlooms... be they silverware, photos or security blankets. They're the authors of <EM>Saving Stuff: How to Care for and Preserve Your Collectibles, Heirlooms, and Other Prized Possessions</EM>. | eng_Latn | 8,669 |
Excerpt: 'Selfish Reasons To Have More Kids' | DURING MY LIFETIME, THE AMERICAN FAMILY HAS DRASTICALLY downsized. Women in their forties are about twice as likely to have one child—or none—as they were thirty years ago. Big families have all but disappeared. In 1976, 20 percent of women in their early forties had five or more kids; by 2006, less than 4 percent did. If you ask people to explain why we don't have as many kids as we used to, the answers are all over the place. "People can't afford big families anymore," "Women have real careers now," "We don't need kids to help out with farm work," "Women want to live like men," "Americans have lost faith in God." In Athens, the Greeks blame air pollution. If you make the question personal, however, the answers are very much alike. When asked, "Why don't you have as many kids as we used to?" both men and women respond with groans. As best I can tell, the English translation of these groans is "Kids are a lot of work," or maybe "Imagine all the dirty diapers and sleepless nights," or perhaps "Are you trying to kill me?" To be brutally honest, we're reluctant to have more children because we think that the pain outweighs the gain. When people compare the grief that another child would give them to the joy that the child would bring, they conclude that it's just not worth it. As Bill Cosby put it, "The reason we have five children is because we do not want six." You could easily call this a very selfish outlook. How can you focus exclusively on whether another child would make you happier? What about the child? Unless your baby is truly unlucky, he will almost certainly be happy to be alive. Aren't you? This is your child we're talking about. If you have to make yourself a little less happy in order to give a son or daughter the gift of life, shouldn't you? The question is serious, but I'm going to dodge it. While I accept the natalist view that more births should be encouraged because they make the world a better place, asking others to sacrifice their happiness for the good of the world seems futile. Preaching against selfishness is usually about as productive as nagging a brick wall. When people weigh the costs and benefits of having another child, I'm not going to call them sinners for using a scale. The claim of this book, rather, is that current and prospective parents have accidentally tipped their scales against fertility. We may feel sure that the pursuit of happiness and kids (or at least more kids) are incompatible, but it is in the average person's enlightened self-interest to have more kids. That's right—people are not having enough children for their own good. Prospective parents need to take another look before they decide not to leap. Current parents need to take another look before they decide not to leap again. My theory is not one-size-fits-all. The claim is not that everyone should have lots of kids, but that the average person should have more kids. More than what? More than they were otherwise planning to have. If you live in a tiny urban apartment and love fancy foreign vacations, this might mean one kid instead of zero. If you live in a suburban McMansion and love theme parks, this might mean five kids instead of three. I'm here to provide information, not run your life. There are many selfish reasons to have more kids, but there are four big reasons to put on the table right away: First, parents can sharply improve their lives without hurting their kids. Nature, not nurture, explains most family resemblance, so parents can safely cut themselves a lot of additional slack. Second, parents are much more worried than they ought to be. Despite the horror stories in the media, kids are much safer today than they were in the "Idyllic Fifties." Third, many of the benefits of children come later in life. Kids have high start-up costs, but wise parents weigh their initial sleep deprivation against a lifetime of rewards— including future grandchildren. Last, self-interest and altruism point in the same direction. Parents who have another child make the world a better place, so you can walk the path of enlightened selfishness with a clear conscience. PARENTS CAN SHARPLY IMPROVE THEIR LIVES WITHOUT HURTING THEIR KIDS A second child always undermines parents' belief in their power to mold their children, but child-rearing books hush this up because their market is first-time parents. —Steve Sailer, "The Nature of Nurture" When we consider whether one more child is worth it to us, our calculations usually include a lot of needless parental unhappiness. Every generation of parents probably sees itself as exceptionally dedicated, but careful measurement confirms that parental effort is at an all-time high. Stay-at-home moms used to just tell their kids to go outside and play. Now, moms and dads tag along with their kids as supervisors, or servants. When we think about the effect of a child on our lives, then, we automatically picture the Spartan schedule of Today's Typical Parents. We have to give up | Host Rachel Martin speaks with NPR's Shankar Vedantam about the psychology behind the fiscal cliff negotiations. Vedantam says humans evolved as short-term thinkers, which makes dealing with the long-term problem of the national debt particularly difficult. | eng_Latn | 8,670 |
Eating in America, Now and Then | From hot dogs to ice cream and bread, Americans love their food. But it can sometimes mean more than a simple meal. As part of the StoryCorps oral history project, we offer two stories in which that is most definitely the case. Don "Moses" Lerman is a fierce competitor -- but he's not exactly an athlete. Lerman is a competitive eater. He attends most major events on the IFOCE (International Federation of Competitive Eating) circuit. He can still recall winning his first contest. And as a bonus, a viewpoint from Whitesburg, Ky. Hargis Ison grew up in Kentucky in the 1930s. Here, he tells his daughter, Diane Adams, about the first time he ate bread from the grocery store, sharing it with his 10 siblings. | GUESTS: TOM SMITH *Director, General Social Survey, National Opinion Research Center, University of Chicago ANDREW CHERLIN *Professor of Public Policy, Department of Sociology, Johns Hopkins University *Author of many books, including <EM>Public and Private Families: An Introduction_</EM> (McGraw-Hill, 1996) and <EM>The Changing American Family and Public Policy</EM> (Urban Institute Press, 1988) KATHERINE ALLEN *Professor of Family Studies and Women's Studies, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University *Deputy Editor, <EM>Journal of Marriage and the Family</EM> *Co-editor, <EM>The Handbook of Family Diversity</EM> (Oxford University Press, 2000) The American family is undergoing a major transformation. People are getting married later-- if at all-- and families with more than one child are becoming more and more rare. Researchers say that by the turn of the century, more than half of the nation's children will not be living with both parents. What will the future family be? How will these changes affect children? Join Brooke Gladstone and guests to examine the changing face of the American family, on the next <EM>Talk of the Nation</EM>, from NPR News. | eng_Latn | 8,671 |
Living in the 'Burbs Taking a Toll on Kids' Health? | Is childhood obesity becoming a bigger problem than teen smoking, alcohol and drug abuse or reckless driving? That's the surprising finding of a survey referenced in a Washington Post article about the rising numbers of overweight suburban kids. On the face of it, children in the suburbs have every advantage. They live in communities with well-funded parks systems and sports leagues and are more likely to come from affluent and better-educated families than their urban counterparts. Yet suburbia's kids keep getting fatter, too. Experts say the reasons are varied. Overworked parents don't cook healthy meals regularly. They let their children spend too many hours watching TV or being strapped in car seats. Crowded youth leagues might fight over field times, but many kids are left alone after school with nothing to do. Is this an issue you face in your home? How do you manage to instill the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle? | GUESTS: TOM SMITH *Director, General Social Survey, National Opinion Research Center, University of Chicago ANDREW CHERLIN *Professor of Public Policy, Department of Sociology, Johns Hopkins University *Author of many books, including <EM>Public and Private Families: An Introduction_</EM> (McGraw-Hill, 1996) and <EM>The Changing American Family and Public Policy</EM> (Urban Institute Press, 1988) KATHERINE ALLEN *Professor of Family Studies and Women's Studies, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University *Deputy Editor, <EM>Journal of Marriage and the Family</EM> *Co-editor, <EM>The Handbook of Family Diversity</EM> (Oxford University Press, 2000) The American family is undergoing a major transformation. People are getting married later-- if at all-- and families with more than one child are becoming more and more rare. Researchers say that by the turn of the century, more than half of the nation's children will not be living with both parents. What will the future family be? How will these changes affect children? Join Brooke Gladstone and guests to examine the changing face of the American family, on the next <EM>Talk of the Nation</EM>, from NPR News. | eng_Latn | 8,672 |
California In 2040: More People, More Heat | In the next 25 years, California will not only look different but also feel different. Extreme heat, loss of snow pack and major population growth are just some of things Californians have to look forward to. Climate scientists say as temperatures warm, the snow pack in the Sierra Nevada Mountains could shrink by more than 30 percent by 2040. Water system supplies will suffer and extremely hot weather could increase by about three times the current norm. Reporter Sanden Totten of KPCC explores the challenges that may lie ahead for Californians.
Read more on this story via KPCC
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Sanden Totten science reporter for KPCC. He tweets @sandentotten. | GUESTS: TOM SMITH *Director, General Social Survey, National Opinion Research Center, University of Chicago ANDREW CHERLIN *Professor of Public Policy, Department of Sociology, Johns Hopkins University *Author of many books, including <EM>Public and Private Families: An Introduction_</EM> (McGraw-Hill, 1996) and <EM>The Changing American Family and Public Policy</EM> (Urban Institute Press, 1988) KATHERINE ALLEN *Professor of Family Studies and Women's Studies, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University *Deputy Editor, <EM>Journal of Marriage and the Family</EM> *Co-editor, <EM>The Handbook of Family Diversity</EM> (Oxford University Press, 2000) The American family is undergoing a major transformation. People are getting married later-- if at all-- and families with more than one child are becoming more and more rare. Researchers say that by the turn of the century, more than half of the nation's children will not be living with both parents. What will the future family be? How will these changes affect children? Join Brooke Gladstone and guests to examine the changing face of the American family, on the next <EM>Talk of the Nation</EM>, from NPR News. | eng_Latn | 8,673 |
The 'Secret' Perks Of Being A Middle Child | Stereotypes about middle children are hardly flattering. They're often described as confused underachievers, overshadowed by older and younger siblings, and overlooked by their parents. But in The Secret Power of Middle Children Catherine Salmon and Katrin Schumann argue that many middle-borns have hidden strengths and are agents of change in business, politics and science. Salmon and Schumann join NPR's Rebecca Roberts to discuss the perks of being a middle child. Interview Highlights On how middle siblings were classified in the past Schumann: "So many people think the majority of presidents ... were actually firstborn. But that is a wrong statistic because firstborn girls were not counted as being older siblings. So even in terms of how we look at statistics, that's really changed over the years, along with women's [liberation] and the rise of feminism. So now we've come to understand that actually 52 percent of presidents are middle-borns." On the benefits of life outside the firstborn's spotlight Salmon: "If you think about it, parents have expectations for their children, and they often have very specific things that they want them to do or don't want them to do. And so being under the focus of that can be a lot of pressure for kids. So that's one negative of being, for example, a firstborn. There's an awful lot of pressure on you from your parents in terms of what you're going to achieve and what you're not going to achieve. "But there's also a freedom that middle children have by virtue of not having those parental expectations on them. In a certain way they're free to find out what they really are good at on their own time and in their own way, and then excel at that." On parental guilt about middle children Schumann: "There are some hidden benefits to not focusing so much attention and concern and effort, and putting so much pressure on each child. And that is one of the hidden benefits that middle children get because they do have this sense of independence and they think outside the box a little bit more. And they're not afraid to look to their peers rather than always look above them to those higher in the hierarchy than they are, which means that they end up being quite open-minded." On middle children's strength in times of stress Salmon: "If you grow up in a family and the firstborn tends to have a certain amount of authority that's given to them by the parents, and they're physically larger, they tend to get what they want or get their way through physical force or the authority parents have given them. While for the last-born, as anyone who's had to deal with a lot of last-borns often knows, they tend to whine to the parents or get very upset if they don't get their way. And so that's their particular strategy for working out what needs to be worked out. "For the middle child, neither of those strategies are available. So they often get very good at negotiating, figuring out what the other person wants and needs, and then managing to get them what they want and what the middle child themselves want at the same time. And, of course, one of the things that middle children often want is peace and calm and quiet and for everybody to get along. And so those traits then serve them well when they leave the family and go on to form their own families, and in the workplace." | On this week's episode of <em>Hidden Brain</em>, we'll explore the science of compassion, and how being kind to others can make a real difference in your own life. | eng_Latn | 8,674 |
Mocha Moms: What's on the Table? | The Mocha Moms talk about a new study that shows more mothers are choosing part-time work. This week's mothers are Jolene Ivey, Davina McFarland, Cheli English-Figaro and special guest Joan Williams. MICHEL MARTIN, host: I'm Michelle Martin, and this is TELL ME MORE from NPR News. Coming up: kicking the habit. Moms tell us their stories at a special a graduation that's heard on the street. But now it's time for our weekly check-in with the Mocha Moms. We turn to them every week for their common sense and savvy parenting advice. Last week, we talked about what kinds of home-based businesses might suit stay-at-home moms. We got this idea from listeners who wanted to know how they could generate some income while staying at home. This week, we're going to continue in that vein with a new report released by the Pew Research Center. It states that six out of 10 working moms in the U.S. would prefer to work part-time, as supposed to full-time or even staying at home. That's a big change from 10 years ago, when just under half of working moms sought part-time work as ideal. Why might this be? Are women changing, or are jobs not changing fast enough? These questions are familiar to our guest mom, Joan Williams. She is director of the Center for WorkLife Law at the University of California-Hastings. She joined us from her office in San Francisco, along with our regular Mocha Moms, Jolene Ivey, co-founder and a mother of five, Divina McFarland, member and a mother of three, and Cheli English-Figaro, president emerita of Mocha Moms and a mother of three. Welcome, moms. Professor JOAN WILLIAMS (Director, Center for WorkLife Law at the University of California-Hastings): Hey. Ms. JOLENE IVEY (Co-founder, Mocha Moms): Hello. Ms. DIVINA McFARLAND (Member, Mocha Moms): Hello. Ms. CHELI ENGLISH-FIGARO (President Emerita, Mocha Moms): Hello. MARTIN: Now Joan, the survey does not ask why women say when a situation is over another is ideal. So what is your theory about these findings? Prof. WILLIAMS: My theory is that if you look at the hours of a full-time job over this 10-year period, they have risen sharply. The pressures on men -almost all of fathers, almost all of whom have full-time jobs - have increased so sharply that mothers are left to pick up the pieces, which makes full-time work far less feasible for them. I think, in the past 10 years, a group of women have really come together and said that it's really important, the work that moms do in the home, and that a key part of feminism is to value that. I think there's a downside as well in that in the past 10 years, there's been a real speed-up in what we consider to be the ideals of motherhood, what sociologists call the ideology of intensive mothering, where 10 years ago, it was much the ideal of mothering was much less likely to be taking your child to 16 lessons and 14 tutors. So I think that's a sort of a downside to what's the causes that are producing these numbers. MARTIN: And finally, Joan, before I bring the other moms in, the reality of part-time work, it's - this survey didn't ask whether women were working part-time. It asked them what their ideal was. Is this partly because the ideal is -and just that, an ideal? It's not really that available, or is it? Are these women living this reality, or is this just something they wish were the case? Prof. WILLIAMS: Well, I think it's the wish. And, in fact, if you look cross-culturally, part-time jobs are much less available in the United States for moms. And good part-time jobs are even less available in the United States. In many European countries, part-time work is standard for moms. Part-time work in the U.S. - and unfortunately - is very often stigmatized and paid much lower. MARTIN: Let's go around the table and talk about this and how these findings strike each of you. Divina, you want to start? You are a full-time, stay-at-home at the moment. I know - we've talked about the fact that you, as a former teacher are considering, at some point, using those teaching skills again, but in a more flexible way than going back full time. Are you living your ideal right now as this full-time, stay-at-home mom? Ms. McFARLAND: Right now, yes. And I intend - when I do go back to work - to kind of keep one foot in each world, so to speak. So I would be working part-time - so that would be my ideal - and at home, you know, for me, full-time, while my children are in school. Just because - again, you know, that whole validation, I need some outside source of, you know, to make me feel good. When you do have something outside of your home, you do have that. MARTIN: Well, why can't you work part-time now? Ms. McFARLAND: I don't want to. Simple as that. I am doing exactly what I want to do, and in my time. So when I'm ready to go back to work, whether it be part-time or full-time, in the teaching profession or in some other capacity, it will be exactly what I want to do at that time. MARTIN: Jolene, I want t | This week, we take a break from the news to feature some of our favorite moments from past shows. Click the audio link above to hear the whole show. Zach Galifianakis Plays Not My JobThe host of Between Two Ferns plays a game called Between Two Derns, three questions about Laura Dern and Bruce Dern. Panel QuestionsMama Bear Bluff The ListenerOur panelists read three stories about new prom trends, only one of which is true. Kristine Lilly Plays Not My JobThe star player for the U.S. Women's National Soccer Team plays a game called "Your cup runneth over!" Three questions about cups that are not the World Cup. Panel QuestionsProvolone and Prejudice, Organic Gluten-Free Podcast, Super Pooper and The Pooperintendent Strikes Back. Charlie Day Plays Not My JobThe actor, famous for a meme indicating a crazed conspiracy theorist, plays a game called "It's All Connected, Don't You See?" Three questions about more obscure conspiracy theories. | eng_Latn | 8,675 |
Boomer Esiason apologizes for suggesting athlete's wife should have scheduled C-section .
Esiason, other radio hosts took issue with baseball player taking two days of paternity leave .
Paternity leave in United States still lags far behind countries in Europe .
In Sweden, men can take two months paid paternity leave . | Even after Boomer Esiason apologized for what he called his "insensitive" comment about scheduling a C-section before the season started, his suggestion plus critical stances by other radio hosts demonstrate how much paternity leave is still not widely accepted in our society. In conversations with men across the country, it's clear that while most join many women in expressing outrage at the view that a Major League Baseball game should come before the birth of a child, there were men who felt the player should have gotten back to his job as quickly as possible. By now, you probably know the particulars: the New York Mets' Daniel Murphy missed the first two games of the season to attend his son's birth. He didn't do anything he wasn't allowed to do. Major League Baseball permits a player to take up to three days off for paternity leave. But Esiason, his radio co-host Craig Carton and another WFAN radio host, Mike Francesa, had a very hard time understanding why Murphy would take another day -- and be off the field -- after his son was born. "You're a Major League Baseball player. You can hire a nurse," said Francesa on his radio show. Esiason pulled back completely from his initial comment that if he were in Murphy's shoes, he would have had his wife schedule a C-section before the season started. "My flippant comment was insensitive," said Esiason on his radio show Friday, a day after intense criticism of his remarks. "I feel terrible for the Murphy family because what should be the greatest time in their life turned out to be somewhat of a firestorm that I personally put them into. And for that, hopefully, they can find forgiveness in their heart." A father of three, who did not want to be identified, said his biggest beef was not with Esiason but with Francesa's comments that Murphy wasn't needed after his son's birth, or that anything he could have done could have been handled by a hired nurse. "That is total garbage," said this dad via Facebook. "Whether a man makes minimum wage or the salary of a Major League ball player, his family deserves his undivided attention at the birth of his child. It doesn't matter if he can easily hire someone to handle all the things that need to be done -- there is no substitute for the sense of accomplishment a man can get from having done it himself." Mike Adamick, a stay-at-home dad in San Francisco, writer and author of "Dad's Book of Awesome Projects," found the comments of Esiason and the other radio hosts "really sad" but believes the fact that the controversy involves a discussion about paternity leave is positive. "I'd like to think that if there's a silver lining from all this, it's the realization or the confirmation that dads do want to be involved, and that the expectation is really gone away from wandering around the hallways handing out cigars to wanting to be in the birth room and being involved and hands-on from the get-go," said Adamick, who has another book coming out in a few weeks, "Dad's Book of Awesome Science Experiments." But not all men think a man's role is being by his wife and his new child's side. On CNN Living's Facebook page, a man named Michael said he agreed with Esiason regarding scheduling a C-section before the season got underway. "It may seem insensitive but it's a very special situation being a Major League Baseball player. I know in almost every other profession the right thing to do is to strap your boots on and go back to work because that's what the man of the house does. "Could he not afford to hire a nurse to wait on his wife hand and foot?" he added. "Real men don't take paternity leave," said a man named Robert on CNN's Facebook page. When pressed by another commenter that it's no longer the 1950s, Robert responded, "I wish it were the '50s. Those were the days when men were men." Said another man on Facebook, "My belief is that it's a generation gap opinion. When (Esiason) had kids, he was back to work the next day." Indeed, just by looking at the increase in the number of stay-at-home dads in the United States, it's clear our attitudes are shifting, even though not as rapidly as some would hope. "I think people have really latched onto the idea that no, culturally we've changed, and we want to go in the direction of more involved dads as opposed to backwards of 'Ward Cleaver' checking in from out in the waiting room," said Adamick, who is the primary caregiver for his soon-to-be 8-year-old daughter. Still, when compared to our European counterparts, we are pretty much in the dark ages as far as paternity leave is concerned. In Sweden, men get a minimum of two months paid paternity leave; in Norway, they can take 10 weeks paid; and in Spain, they get four weeks. In the United States, there is no mandated paid paternity leave, although some companies do allow men to take 10 days off with pay. "In my case, I had to use vacation days when my twins were born," said the father of three, who didn't want to be identified. "I get that we live in a world where women aren't treated equally to men when it comes to pay, promotions and a slew of other areas, but there are also areas where men's needs are treated as inferior to those of a woman, and becoming a parent is a prime example," he added. Will we, one day, get to a place where paternity leave is as accepted as maternity leave? Even paternity leave supporters say that's not likely. "From a cold hard political standpoint, for some reason, we just feel like you take time off and you're a loafer, you're a taker, (a) grabber," said Adamick. But as more Daniel Murphys come forward and make decisions that they say are best for their families, maybe, just maybe, we'll move closer to the approach of our friends abroad. Adamick said, "In terms of just being socially good for everybody ... having kids raised in a loving family and to start them from the get-go with two involved parents ... I don't see how that could possibly be bad and I hope that one day we can get there." Do you think men should be able to take paternity leave -- no matter their profession? Chime in in the comments or tell Kelly Wallace on Twitter or CNN Living on Facebook. | (CNN) -- The United States has been called the "no-vacation nation," and looking at the table above, it's not hard to see why. Many other countries allow for much more vacation time, according to a 2009 survey by Mercer, a human resources consulting firm. The numbers above reflect the minimum vacation days for an employee who works five days a week and has 10 years of service with a company. But the United States comes with an asterisk. That's because the U.S. -- unlike the other countries on the list -- lacks a federal law that mandates vacation time. For comparison purposes, Mercer listed the "typical" amount of days off that large U.S. companies give their 10-year employees: 15 paid vacation days and 10 public holidays (25 total). That's a far cry from Brazil and Lithuania, which top the list with 41 total days off. Finland, France and Russia offer a minimum of 40 days off. India and China are the only countries in the survey that typically have fewer paid vacation days than the U.S., but India makes up for it with 16 public holidays -- the most in the survey along with Japan. More Country Comparisons: Who requires the most education? Who's got the highest (and lowest) unemployment rates? | eng_Latn | 8,676 |
Dual-Career Military Couples Face Struggles When Starting Families | More military members are marrying each other. That presents challenges to dual-career families who must deal with the impact deployments have on childcare. | NPR's Madeleine Brand talks with regular personal finance contributor Michelle Singletary about the wisdom of putting a child's name on the title of your home — a strategy many think will save money in the long run, but one that has its own pitfalls. Singletary writes the syndicated column "The Color of Money" for <EM>The Washington Post</EM> and is the author of <EM>Spend Well, Live Rich: How to Get What You Want with the Money You Have</EM>. | eng_Latn | 8,677 |
Who's Moving In Together, And Why | With guest host Tom Gjelten. Cohabitation nation. More unwed Americans are living together than ever before. We’ll ask who and why. We used to call it shacking up. But a couple living together before they marry is the new normal. Two out of three couples who’ve married since 2000 started out by living together. For some, it was a good first step. For many, it was just a matter of economic necessity. This hour On Point: Cohabitation Nation. How the living-together trend is remaking relationships and highlighting gender and class divisions. Guests Sharon Sassler, co-author of, “Cohabitation Nation: Gender, Class, and the Remaking of Relationships.” Professor of policy analysis and management at Cornell University. Amanda Jayne Miller, co-author of, “Cohabitation Nation: Gender, Class, and the Remaking of Relationships.” Professor of sociology at the University of Indianapolis. From The Reading List Slate: More Unmarried Americans Than Ever Are Cohabiting — “Though more Americans than ever are living in sin, the rise in cohabitation seems more a function of dropping marriage rates than rising rates of early-relationship U-Hauling. About half of cohabiting U.S. adults are under 35; in previous decades, a greater proportion of those couples would already be married. Nowadays, more young people are opting for the pleasure of listening to their significant others’ sleep and bathroom noises each and every glorious day without the burden of tax benefits or a party where people buy you new sheets.” Pew Research Center: Number of U.S. adults cohabiting with a partner continues to rise, especially among those 50 and older — “Roughly half of cohabiters – those living with an unmarried partner – are younger than 35. But an increasing number of Americans ages 50 and older are in cohabiting relationships, according to a new Pew Research Center analysis of the Current Population Survey. In fact, cohabiters ages 50 and older represented about a quarter (23%) of all cohabiting adults in 2016.” The Atlantic: The Science of Cohabitation: A Step Toward Marriage, Not a Rebellion — “Moving in together without a diamond ring involved didn’t, on its own, lead to divorce. Instead, she found that the longer couples waited to make that first serious commitment, the better their chances for marital success. So how old should couples be when they commit? The research shows that at 23—the age when many people graduate from college, settle into adult life and begin becoming financially independent—the correlation with divorce dramatically drops off.” Read An Excerpt From “Cohabitation Nation” | NPR's Madeleine Brand talks with regular personal finance contributor Michelle Singletary about the wisdom of putting a child's name on the title of your home — a strategy many think will save money in the long run, but one that has its own pitfalls. Singletary writes the syndicated column "The Color of Money" for <EM>The Washington Post</EM> and is the author of <EM>Spend Well, Live Rich: How to Get What You Want with the Money You Have</EM>. | eng_Latn | 8,678 |
Fathers Taking More Active Role in Raising Children | An increasing number of men are trading in briefcases for bibs. It's a bit of a cultural evolution, as more and more fathers find that they enjoy being involved as parents. And the younger the children are when they bond, the stronger the relationship. NPR's Susan Stamberg talks with reporter Bonnie Erbe, who studies family matters. | Host John Ydstie talks with Pamela Haag about spawning new interest in technology among women and girls. While the number of technology jobs is skyrocketing, the number of women interested in those jobs is on the decline. | eng_Latn | 8,679 |
Study Shows Girls Get Bulk of Household Chores | A new report shows that parents may be perpetuating gender stereotypes in the way they assign household chores to their children. The report says that girls do two more hours of housework each week than boys. | Financial journalist Hannah Seligson and Aminatou Sow from the podcast 'Call Your Girlfriend' join Sam to discuss why more and more millennials are financially intertwined with their parents — and why it's so hard to talk about. Listeners call in. Sends thoughts to [email protected]. | eng_Latn | 8,680 |
Telling Children About Financial Problems | Many families are facing difficult times as news of more layoffs hit daily headlines. How much should children be told about a family's financial situation? | We discuss a topic many people find intimidating: how to invest in the stock market. <BR><BR> Guest: <BR><BR> <STRONG>Ilyce Glink</STRONG> <BR>*Writes nationally syndicated column, <EM>Real Estate Matters</EM> <BR><BR>*Author of several books about personal finance, including <EM>50 Simple Steps You Can Take to Disaster Proof Your Finances</EM> (Three Rivers Press, 2003) <BR><BR> | eng_Latn | 8,681 |
Lying to cover up a misdeed or just get your way can harm relationships .
Lies told to help someone or protect their feelings tend to be good .
Facebook Likes are a bit like a white lie and are just as good for relationships .
Research by Robin Dunbar, evolutionary psychologist at Oxford University . | Saying you love your friend's new (ugly) shoes can strengthen your bond . Lying to your loved ones may seem like a sure fire way to push them away. But new research says telling white lies - specifically for the right reasons - can actually strengthen social bonds. Fibbing about how good your friend looks in a (bad) dress or how much you love your partner's (awful) new haircut tends to be good for relationships. But lying to cover up a misdeed or just to get your way is not the way to improve your relationships, says Robin Dunbar, evolutionary psychologist at Oxford University. This type of deception, known as antisocial lying, is destructive and weakens bonds between two people. On the other hand, lies told to help another person or to protect someone's feelings tend to be good for relationships, Dunbar said. Psychologists call this pro-social lying, but it's more commonly known as telling a white lie or a fib. To study how these two types of lies affect relationships within social groups, Dunbar and a team of researchers associated with the Aalto University School of Science, in Finland, created a complex mathematical model, report LiveScience. The model showed that those who tell anti-social lies become slowly isolated from others within their social networks. However, people who tell pro-social lies don't become isolated from their groups. In fact, they tend to form stronger links with others in their social networks. While the researchers created a purely hypothetical model, Dunbar said it could be used to understand how lying affects groups of friends and peers in the real world. Fibbing about how much you love your partner's (awful) new haircut tends to be good for relationships . Researchers speculated that the model . could also help psychologists better understand the effects of lying in . online communities, where much of today's social networking takes place. Social networks that people create . online - on sites such as Facebook and Twitter - mimic the social . networks they're part of in the real world. So, fibbing on Facebook, . much like telling a white lie to a friend over lunch, might actually . improve your relationships, according to the new model. Larry Rosen, a psychology professor at California State University, Dominguez Hills, told LiveScience he finds the Facebook Like button most fascinating. He said that in general, people like things on Facebook because of something he calls 'virtual empathy.' Whether you're liking a picture of your . aunt's cat or a status update from a childhood friend, pressing the Like . button tells a person that you have good intentions or that you support . them in some way, Rosen said. The Like button can function as a type of lie . However, not all likes are delivered with such good intentions. Sometimes people might click the Like button just because they feel it's something they're supposed to do. For these people, pressing the Like button functions as a type of lie. 'I think that in many cases you can consider the like a white lie if [it's done] for reasons that have nothing to do with support,' he said. Liking something on Facebook that you don't actually like resembles giving a dishonest answer to a question such as 'Do you like my new shoes?'. In these situations, you might say something insincere, but only because you're worried that honesty might hurt someone's feelings. And while it can calm your nerves to lie, it could also save your friendship. | (CNN) -- In a headline that calls out for attention -- "A Gender Reversal on Career Aspirations" -- the Pew Research Center reports that two-thirds of young women now say "being successful in a high-paying career or profession" is one of the most important goals in their lives. While it may not be surprising that these women express more ambition than their mothers and grandmothers, it is surprising when they also display more ambition than their male peers. Is this a sign, then, that we are witnessing "a gender reversal"? Or does it represent a kind of denial -- on the part of young women and men -- about the obstacles they will ultimately face at the workplace and in life? In the same poll, marriage and parenthood remain important life goals for all young adults, with 86% of women and 82% of men listing marriage as "very important" or "one of the most important things" in life. Children are even more desired, with 95% of young women and 90% of young men placing "being a good parent" in these same categories. Yet young people's actions, at least when it comes to family commitments, appear at odds with these stated aspirations. Young people are not only postponing marriage, they are also far more likely than earlier generations to believe it is better to stay single than to enter or stay in a dissatisfying relationship. Moreover, while young women see marriage as desirable, they do not believe it is essential to their own happiness or to becoming a parent. The gap between young women's high aspirations -- for relationships and parenthood along with paid work -- and their increasing tendency to remain "on their own" suggest that they are hardly naive. On the contrary, their career goals represent a realistic and cool-eyed assessment of how best to secure their own well-being, along with the well-being of any children they bear. In a world where women know they are likely to shoulder the responsibilities of supporting a family, often on their own, it is more dangerous to scale back ambitions than to give in to the obstacles they know they will likely encounter. Focusing on self-development at the workplace does not, however, mean jettisoning hopes for a rich family life. When I interviewed young people about their experiences and outlooks, I found that women and men alike overwhelmingly say they want to combine committed work with a satisfying lifelong partnership between equals. They are also rightly skeptical about their chances of achieving this high standard. Women are particularly aware of how hard it is to sustain a relationship, especially in the context of persistent work-family conflicts and rising financial uncertainty. An egalitarian partnership may be the ideal, but most young women see self-reliance through paid work as essential to their survival, offering the option to choose the right relationship, maintain a measure of autonomy within it and go it alone if nothing better comes along. So what about young men? Men's prospects have dimmed in finding the kind of stable jobs and careers their fathers and grandfathers took for granted. With the uncertainties of the new economy, where few jobs offer lifetime security, men's scaled back aspirations are as understandable as women's rising goals. Men, too, are caught on the horns of a dilemma, torn between the difficulty of establishing a steady career and strong pressures to define their worth by the size of the paycheck. As women's career aspirations rise and men's tumble, this declining gender gap should serve as a wake-up call. Younger generations want to combine the personal pursuit of challenging, well-rewarded paid work with the pleasures and responsibilities of a committed family life. In fact, earlier Pew surveys found 73% of Americans believe that women's employment has been a "change for the better," while 62% say that sharing the responsibilities of paid work and rearing children is "more satisfying than a more traditional marriage." But as long as careers require unfettered, constant devotion and caretaking remains undervalued, privatized and penalized, the goal of striking their desired balance between paid work and the rest of life will remain illusive for young women and men alike. The answer is to stop worrying about a gender reversal and focus instead on the institutional and cultural changes -- such as flexible careers and supports for caretakers of all stripes -- that will make genuine equality possible. It is past time to finish the gender revolution that began with women's march into the workplace. The opinions expressed in this commentary are solely those of Kathleen Gerson. | eng_Latn | 8,682 |
Study interviewed 25,000 graduates from Harvard Business School .
Less than 50% of women said they were satisfied with their career . | Women are increasingly putting their husband's career before their own, a controversial new study of Harvard Business School graduates has found. It canvassed over 25,000 male and female students, and found 40 percent of Gen X and boomer women said their spouses' careers took priority over theirs. They researchers also said only about 20 percent of them had planned on their careers taking a back seat when they graduated.. The team also say that in most cases, children were not the cause of the lapsed careers. The majority of women said they assumed they would have egalitarian marriages in which both spouses' careers were taken equally seriously. Researchers surveyed more than 25,000 HBS graduates altogether. They reported on Baby Boomers (ages 49–67), Generation X (ages 32–48), and Millennials (ages 26–31), also known as Generation Y. They concluded that while women were well intentioned when they graduated, they ultimately ended up being held back by their partners. The new study of Harvard Business School graduates from HBS's Robin Ely and Colleen Ammerman and Hunter College sociologist Pamela Stone interviewed 25,000 men and women who graduated from Harvard Business School over the past several decades. 'In the end, we found not just achievement and satisfaction gaps between men and women, but a real gap between what women expect as they look ahead to their careers and where they ultimately land,' they wrote. 'The men and women who graduate from HBS set out with much in common—MBAs, high ambitions, and preparation for leadership. 'Perhaps it's time for more-candid conversations—at home, at work, and on campus—about how and why their paths unfold so differently.' The researchers found male graduates were much more likely to be in senior management positions and have more responsibility and more direct reports than their female peers. 'Setting aside those measures of success, since not everyone aspires to them, we found that women are less satisfied with their careers. The gap between men’s and women’s advancement to senior positions has endured, despite increasing numbers of women with the credentials and the experience to assume top roles across industries and institutions and despite the efforts of many organizations to develop their high-potential female employees. In the business world, women make up 5% of Fortune 1000 CEOs, and only a handful of them are women of color. The gap is narrower but still significant in professional service firms, where 20% of CEOs are women. And despite much interest in and attention to women on boards, women hold fewer than 20% of board seats at Fortune 500 companies, and their representation has increased only incrementally in recent years. Even fewer women of color (below 5%) occupy . Source: Catalyst . 'Whereas about 50% to 60% of men across the three generations told us they were 'extremely satisfied' or 'very satisfied' with their experiences of meaningful work, professional accomplishments, opportunities for career growth, and compatibility of work and personal life, only 40% to 50% of women were similarly satisfied on the same dimensions.' When they graduated, more than half of male HBS grads said they expected their careers would take precedence over their partners'. Only 7 percent of Gen X women and 3 percent of baby boomer women said they expected their careers to take precedence. Researchers surveyed more than 25,000 HBS graduates altogether. 'Close to three-quarters of Gen X and Baby Boom men reported that their careers had indeed taken precedence—more than had originally expected this arrangement, the researchers wrote. 'Meanwhile, many women’s expectations for career equality were disappointed. 'Though majorities of Gen X and Baby Boom women reported that they were in egalitarian or progressive partnerships, the remainder found that their careers took lower priority. 'That figure—40%—is almost double the proportion who left HBS expecting a traditional arrangement.' More than 70 percent of Gen X and boomer men say their careers are more important than their wives. | Achievement: Fred Butler, 106, was awarded his honorary diploma on Monday during an emotional ceremony attended by school officials, state lawmakers and Beverly Mayor Bill Scanlon . Fred Butler was married for 65 years, raised five children, served in the Army during World War II and worked for years for the local water department, but the fact he never earned a high school diploma always bothered him. Not anymore. The 106-year-old, from Beverly, Massachusetts, was awarded his honorary diploma on Monday during an emotional ceremony attended by school officials, state lawmakers and Beverly Mayor Bill Scanlon. 'I thank everybody who is responsible for this,' he said, wearing a mortar board hat and tassel and holding the prized document in his hands. 'I certainly appreciate it.' Butler dropped out of school before the ninth-grade to accept a full-time job at a print shop to support his mother and five younger siblings. Daughter-in-law Cathy Butler says he regretted dropping out and always emphasized the importance of education to his children and grandchildren. A grandson, Mike Calabro, said Butler gave him $5 for every A on his report card. Cathy Butler launched the effort to get her father-in-law his diploma as a way to raise his spirits following the death of his wife, Ruth, last year. Fred Butler's only concern was that he hadn't earned it. Scanlon put that concern to rest. 'It's a long time to wait for your diploma,' Scanlon said, 'but you've obviously earned it very well.' | eng_Latn | 8,683 |
"All happy families are alike but an unhappy family is unhappy after its own fashion." | Anna Karenina - Reading Guides - Penguin Classics - Penguin ... 9) The opening sentence of the novel is one of the most famous in literature: "All happy families are alike but an unhappy family is unhappy after its own fashion. | Everyone Wants to Be Cary Mug | CARY GRANT FESTIVAL 2016 ... our Cary Comes Home Mugs with the classic quote: Everybody wants to be Cary Grant. Even I want to be Cary Grant (Cary Grant). Featuring our unique Cary... | eng_Latn | 8,684 |
What may not be adopted? | New characters can in principle be coined at any time, just as new words can be, but they may not be adopted. Significant historically recent coinages date to scientific terms of the 19th century. Specifically, Chinese coined new characters for chemical elements – see chemical elements in East Asian languages – which continue to be used and taught in schools in China and Taiwan. In Japan, in the Meiji era (specifically, late 19th century), new characters were coined for some (but not all) SI units, such as 粁 (米 "meter" + 千 "thousand, kilo-") for kilometer. These kokuji (Japanese-coinages) have found use in China as well – see Chinese characters for SI units for details. | A potential important influence on adolescence is change of the family dynamic, specifically divorce. With the divorce rate up to about 50%, divorce is common and adds to the already great amount of change in adolescence. Custody disputes soon after a divorce often reflect a playing out of control battles and ambivalence between parents. Divorce usually results in less contact between the adolescent and their noncustodial parent. In extreme cases of instability and abuse in homes, divorce can have a positive effect on families due to less conflict in the home. However, most research suggests a negative effect on adolescence as well as later development. A recent study found that, compared with peers who grow up in stable post-divorce families, children of divorce who experience additional family transitions during late adolescence, make less progress in their math and social studies performance over time. Another recent study put forth a new theory entitled the adolescent epistemological trauma theory, which posited that traumatic life events such as parental divorce during the formative period of late adolescence portend lifelong effects on adult conflict behavior that can be mitigated by effective behavioral assessment and training. A parental divorce during childhood or adolescence continues to have a negative effect when a person is in his or her twenties and early thirties. These negative effects include romantic relationships and conflict style, meaning as adults, they are more likely to use the styles of avoidance and competing in conflict management. | eng_Latn | 8,685 |
What is it called when friends are favored over other people? | Favoring relatives (nepotism) or personal friends (cronyism) of an official is a form of illegitimate private gain. This may be combined with bribery, for example demanding that a business should employ a relative of an official controlling regulations affecting the business. The most extreme example is when the entire state is inherited, as in North Korea or Syria. A lesser form might be in the Southern United States with Good ol' boys, where women and minorities are excluded. A milder form of cronyism is an "old boy network", in which appointees to official positions are selected only from a closed and exclusive social network – such as the alumni of particular universities – instead of appointing the most competent candidate. | Apart from the passing of noble titles or ranks, inheritance practices did not involve primogeniture; each son received an equal share of the family property. Unlike the practice in later dynasties, the father usually sent his adult married sons away with their portions of the family fortune. Daughters received a portion of the family fortune through their marriage dowries, though this was usually much less than the shares of sons. A different distribution of the remainder could be specified in a will, but it is unclear how common this was. | eng_Latn | 8,686 |
What type of diversity includes the crops which a farmer has encouraged, planted or raised? | Agricultural diversity can also be divided by whether it is ‘planned’ diversity or ‘associated’ diversity. This is a functional classification that we impose and not an intrinsic feature of life or diversity. Planned diversity includes the crops which a farmer has encouraged, planted or raised (e.g.: crops, covers, symbionts and livestock, among others), which can be contrasted with the associated diversity that arrives among the crops, uninvited (e.g.: herbivores, weed species and pathogens, among others). | Weinreich's identity variant similarly includes the categories of identity diffusion, foreclosure and crisis, but with a somewhat different emphasis. Here, with respect to identity diffusion for example, an optimal level is interpreted as the norm, as it is unrealistic to expect an individual to resolve all their conflicted identifications with others; therefore we should be alert to individuals with levels which are much higher or lower than the norm – highly diffused individuals are classified as diffused, and those with low levels as foreclosed or defensive. (Weinreich & Saunderson, 2003, pp 65–67; 105-106). Weinreich applies the identity variant in a framework which also allows for the transition from one to another by way of biographical experiences and resolution of conflicted identifications situated in various contexts – for example, an adolescent going through family break-up may be in one state, whereas later in a stable marriage with a secure professional role may be in another. Hence, though there is continuity, there is also development and change. (Weinreich & Saunderson, 2003, pp 22–23). | eng_Latn | 8,687 |
What do you call a family you create yourself through marriage or having children? I want to distinguish between the family I was born into (my birth family) versus the one I made. | Is there any lingual way to differentiate between the family that I’m a child of and the family that I am a parent of? (I.e., the first family consists of my parents, my siblings, and me; the second one consists of my spouse, my children and me.) | What would happen if the earth would stop spinning? How much heavier would we be? I mean absolutely stop spinning. How much does the centrifugal force affect us? If you give technical answers (please do), please explain them in laymen's terms, thanks. Edit: I am asking what would be different if the earth were not spinning. Nevermind the part about it stopping. | eng_Latn | 8,688 |
What are some time periods that family communication study looks at? | Family communication study looks at topics such as family rules, family roles or family dialectics and how those factors could affect the communication between family members. Researchers develop theories to understand communication behaviors. Family communication study also digs deep into certain time periods of family life such as marriage, parenthood or divorce and how communication stands in those situations. It is important for family members to understand communication as a trusted way which leads to a well constructed family. | Social conflict and the development of technologies can produce changes within a society by altering social dynamics and promoting new cultural models, and spurring or enabling generative action. These social shifts may accompany ideological shifts and other types of cultural change. For example, the U.S. feminist movement involved new practices that produced a shift in gender relations, altering both gender and economic structures. Environmental conditions may also enter as factors. For example, after tropical forests returned at the end of the last ice age, plants suitable for domestication were available, leading to the invention of agriculture, which in turn brought about many cultural innovations and shifts in social dynamics. | eng_Latn | 8,689 |
Handle a Relationship with Someone Who Has a Dependent Parent | Caring for an aging or disabled parent can be a time-consuming and emotionally tiring job. It’s common for relationships to become strained when one partner takes care of a dependent parent or another elder. | How to be a good Stepparent. | eng_Latn | 8,690 |
Be More Family Oriented | Becoming family oriented often involves a change in both mindset and behavior. At a broader level, it involves becoming more committed and appreciative of your family. | Do you want to show people how much you care about them? Have you ever been called cold or aloof? This article will help you build stronger connections with others, and let them see that they matter to you. | eng_Latn | 8,691 |
Use Your Parenting Skills at Work | Raising kids requires patience, negotiation, time management and organization, among other things. The skills that you use at home can also be used in the workplace. | Want to be known as the Fantastic Sitter? Read on! | eng_Latn | 8,692 |
Tell Your Children You Want Fewer Grandparenting Responsibilities | Grandparents are always an important part in the lives of their grandchildren. However, many grandparents have been placed in the position of doing quite a lot for their full-time working children by helping to collect grandchildren, care for them and ferry them to their activities while the parents are at work. | Want to be known as the Fantastic Sitter? Read on! | eng_Latn | 8,693 |
Understanding DNA match of 1,723 cM I have a DNA match of 1,723 cM with a male 6 years younger than me. His father is one of a twin, could my match be not my half-sibling but my 1st cousin. | Determining likely relationship based upon autosomal DNA shared cM Given two tests that share some cM of autosomal DNA, how can I easily find the predicted relationships that such shared cM would suggest? For example, a 2,200 cM match suggests it could be either: grandparent, half-sibling, or grandchild. | How to evaluate potential advisers on grounds other than their research/publications? While accepting an offer to grad school, one is basically entering into a lasting relationship with one's adviser - most likely, someone whom the applicant has never met before, and the only exposure has been through the potential adviser's website/publications. It is in the interest of both parties to ensure (to the greatest possible extent) that there are no personal/professional traits of either that hamper the formation of a pleasant working relationship - no-one would want to go through the ordeal of having to change advisers midway! While the faculty has a chance to have a good look at the applicant's profile as well as his motivations (through his grades and SOP), the applicant doesn't have a similar opportunity. So, I'm interested to know what parameters can be used to gauge a potential fit. I've thought of the following: Past students: Did anyone ever drop out/change advisers midway, and if so, for what reasons? These would be a bit hard to find though, as I don't expect the faculty concerned would list them on their website. It would be great if anyone could let me know how to find out the list of incoming students to a department for any year. Publication rate, taking into account the venues where they were accepted. Time taken to graduate - though I accept this is more dependent on the student, a median figure should be telling ... What they did post Ph.D. - did anyone get tenure if they went into academia, or is almost everyone unable to break out of being a post-doc? Tenure status: I'm a bit unsure about this, so wanted the community's opinions about it. Just so that I'm clear, I'm only trying to calibrate the applicant's expectations about the working style of his potential adviser - and hence need to know to what extent are the following "typical" assumptions valid. Tenured professor A full professor is more likely to get grant funding, hence less time spent on TAship - but could also mean less time/effort spent on interactions with students (either being busy with other projects/talks, or due to more commitments to family at that age). Tenure-track faculty (Assistant profs) More likely to be young and energetic, and could translate to more time spent on one-to-one discussions with grad students - but funding may prove to be an issue, and may have to be on TA for a longer period. What other factors would be relevant in this matter, and to what extent am I correct/incorrect in either the factors considered, or for undertaking this exercise at all? | eng_Latn | 8,694 |
How do you think the dynamics of the American family has changed since WW II? | Many, many more children grow up without either a mother or a father. A child today now has two homes: mom's house and dad's house, and depending on who has custody for the weekend, that's where the child lives. All of this leads to instability about a child's place in the world. | well i don't have to run out into the back yard light the fire and sent smoke signals anymore. ......also don't have to wait a year for the mail to be delivered[ oops delete that... mail service is reverting back to the dark ages] better still don't call me i'll call you. | eng_Latn | 8,695 |
together in a process\nA. translation\nB. transcription\nC. replication\nD. reproduction | The answer is A, translation.\n\n\nDuring translation, the messenger RNA copies information from DNA to produce proteins. The information gets read by ribosomes which facilitate the production of proteins. | When I was growing up, my mom was able to stay home and raise her children. That time frame did not require both parents to work in order to pay the bills. Now that I am an adult, I have found that industrialization means that both parents must work, simply to make ends meet. We have less time as a family to sit down to supper (depending on the work schedules), and even less time to go on family outings. I think it is sad. We work mainly to pay the bills, like house and car insurance, health insurance, gas bills, etc, etc. It's not easy to live on one income anymore. Sadly, my children will probably grow up with the knowledge that both mom and dad have to work, again, just to make ends meet. | eng_Latn | 8,696 |
I've been given the topic:\n\nFamily is what you make it.\n\nHow can i put statements ect for this? | How about I give you an example: I refer to my mom's best friend as "Mom" as well as my own mother. Her kids are like my sisters and brothers. Even though we aren't biologically family, we treat eachother like family in all aspects (including the fighting!). We spend holidays together, etc. Also, my pets are my children. Pure and simple. I made my own family in a manner of speaking. :) Family is more than jsut a genetic relationship, it is a type of interaction. | If you stay home and raise your family then they will turn out better than kids that have working parents that do not spend time with there kids that much. Plus with each parent working it puts stress on the marriage which is why marriage failures have increased within the last 50 years. | eng_Latn | 8,697 |
Whenever you look at books or whatever about countries or what not you see that the women always lives longer than the men. why do women live longer then men? | women do not go to war\nthey exercise when they do chores\nthey are more conscious about their bodies | because traditionally, even though the father went out to work to provide for his family, the mother was the primary carer for the children, spending much more time with them and creating a closer bond. Obviously this system is now antiquated and needs a complete overhaul to establish what is actually in the best interests of the child. In most cases the mother will still be the favourite of the courts but many more fathers are now being recognised as the 'better' parent. | eng_Latn | 8,698 |
Be More Involved in Your Adult Child's Life | As parents and children move through life, the dynamic constantly changes. Once children reach adulthood, parents are often unsure of how to remain involved. | Over 60 and unemployed? Want (or need) to work? Here are some tips that might help you. | eng_Latn | 8,699 |
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