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{
"answer_start": [
1657
],
"text": [
"about 7,641"
]
} | rich biodiversity of flora and fauna which are threatened by an emerging aggressive promotion of mining industry by the country's government. Exact figures on numbers of total plant species are hard to give, as biologists stumble upon species yet unidentified by the scientific community. In one study, the National Museum identified 1,551 trees in a single hectare, with 123 species of trees, and of this number, 54 are found nowhere else in the world. Hence, it has been proclaimed as one of the world’s most diverse and dense forests. There are estimated to be 700 vascular plant species on the </s> Education (CHED) lists 2,180 higher education institutions, 607 of which are public and 1,573 private. Classes start in June and end in March. The majority of colleges and universities follow a semester calendar from June to October and November to March. There are a number of foreign schools with study programs. A 6-year elementary, a 4-year junior high school and a 2-year senior high school education is mandatory of the K-12 educational program in 2013. Several government agencies are involved with education. The Department of Education covers elementary, secondary, and non-formal education. The Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) </s> divided into 17 regions (16 administrative and 1 autonomous). Most government offices are established by region instead of individual provincial offices, usually (but not always) in the city designated as the regional center. , CALABARZON was the most populated region while the National Capitol Region (NCR) the most densely populated. The Philippines is an archipelago composed of about 7,641 islands with a total land area, including inland bodies of water, of . The of coastline makes it the country with the fifth longest coastline in the world. The Exclusive economic zone of the Philippines covers . It is located between | 1 | how many islands are there in the philippines | None |
{
"answer_start": [
375
],
"text": [
"from August to November 1980"
]
} | Hill remembers. Locations across the river in St. Louis, Missouri were used, including Union Station and the Fox Theatre, both of which have since been renovated, as well as the building which would eventually become the Schlafly Tap Room microbrewery. Carpenter and his crew persuaded the city to shut off the electricity to ten blocks at a time at night. The film was shot from August to November 1980. It was a tough and demanding shoot for the filmmaker as he recalls. "We'd finish shooting at about 6 am and I'd just be going to sleep at 7 when the </s> East German guards. The movie crew filmed sentries flashing spotlights across the border, turning them into film extras and prompting director Robert Siodmak to rave “Talk about realism!" According to MGM records, the film made a profit of $193,000. Escape from East Berlin Escape from East Berlin is a 1962 film directed by Robert Siodmak and starring Don Murray. The story takes place in East Berlin soon after the Berlin Wall is built, and is based on an actual escape on January 28, 1962. Kurt Schröder is a chauffeur to East German Major Eckhardt and his seductive wife Heidi, and </s> company formed in 1948 by publicist Whitney Bolton, actor Louis Hayward and director Edgar G. Ulmer. In December 1949 it was announced Freddie Bisson of Independent Artists would make the film, and was hoping to star Dana Andrews and Robert Cummings. The film was eventually made by Mattugh Productions, produced by Hugh McKenzie and Mat Freed. It was picked up for release by United Artists. The film was going to star Louis Hayward but he dropped out when filming shifted to Los Angeles. Shooting started in January 1953. "TV Guide" gave the film a lukewarm review. The editors wrote, "The | 1 | when was the movie escape from new york made | None |
{
"answer_start": [
802
],
"text": [
"Buddhism"
]
} | pillar, smooth, polished and made of grey Chunar sandstone. Many stupas like those at Sanchi, Sarnath and probably Amaravati were originally built as brick and masonry mounds during the reign of Ashoka. Unfortunately they were renovated many times, which leaves us with hardly a clue of the original structures. This period marked an imaginative and impressive step forward in Indian stone sculpture; much previous sculpture was probably in wood and has not survived. The elaborately carved animal capitals surviving on from some Pillars of Ashoka are the best known works, and among the finest, above all the Lion Capital of </s> Pillars of Ashoka, but in a much cruder style. It also displays at its center a Buddhist triratana symbol, further confirming the involvement of Indo-Scythian rulers with Buddhism. The triratna is contained in a flame palmette, an element of Hellenistic iconography, and an example of Hellenistic influence on Indian art. Mathura then became the capital of the Kushan Empire from around 30 CE. One dated example of statuary from that period is the Bala Bodhisattva, which, although not from Mathura but from Sarnath clearly describes the state of artistic attainment under the rule of Kushan ruler Kanishka. The Bala Boddhisattva </s> the third or the northern shrine, the basement alone remains. The architectural style of these shrines exhibit clear concordance with the later Chola temples. Temple building received great impetus from the conquests and the genius of Rajaraja Chola and his son Rajendra Chola I. A number of smaller shrines were built during the early phase of this period. Notable amongst these is the Tiruvalisvaram temple near Tirunelveli. The temple is covered with exquisite well composed sculptures and friezes some containing comic figures. The entire cornice of the temple tower is embellished with designs of creepers and foliage. Other examples of | 1 | mathura school of art flourished during the reign of | None |
{
"answer_start": [
834
],
"text": [
"Brec Bassinger"
]
} | profit organization which seeks to rescue and rehabilitate abused and neglected horses. Lee Purcell Lee Purcell (nee Lee Jeune Williams on June 15, 1947) is an American actress who appeared in both motion pictures and television. Purcell was born at Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point in North Carolina. Her birth father, an aviator and Marine major, died when Purcell was a young child. She then lived with her grandparents until her mother, Lee McKnight Purcell, married Navy doctor Donald Purcell, who formally adopted Lee as a child. She has a sister, Paige Wooldridge. Purcell and her family moved multiple </s> Bella and the Bulldogs Bella and the Bulldogs is an American comedy television series created by Jonathan Butler and Gabriel Garza that aired on Nickelodeon from January 17, 2015 to June 25, 2016. The series stars Brec Bassinger, Coy Stewart, Jackie Radinsky, Buddy Handleson, Lilimar, Haley Tju, and Rio Mangini. The series follows cheerleader Bella Dawson whose life in Texas takes an unexpected twist when she is recruited to become the new quarterback for her school's football team, the Bulldogs. At first, the rest of the team do not want her as the quarterback since she was a girl and </s> Coy Stewart Coy Stewart (born ) is an American actor. He had a role in the TBS sitcom "Are We There Yet?" as Kevin Kingston-Persons, taking Philip Bolden's place, and played Troy in the Nickelodeon sitcom "Bella and the Bulldogs". Stewart was born in Columbia, South Carolina. His interest in acting began after reciting lines from popular television series. He then joined a talent agency in Columbia, DeAbreu Modeling and Consulting, before playing Travis Younger in a stage production of "A Raisin in the Sun". In 2010, Stewart began his career with his role as Kevin Kingston in the TBS | 1 | who played bella in bella and the bulldogs | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1266
],
"text": [
"two"
]
} | corpses rotting away, rags of skin shriveling on their bones." As linguist Jane Ellen Harrison (1850–1928) notes of "The Ker as siren": "It is strange and beautiful that Homer should make the Sirens appeal to the spirit, not to the flesh." The siren song is a promise to Odysseus of mantic truths; with a false promise that he will live to tell them, they sing,Once he hears to his heart's content, sails on, a wiser man.<br>We know all the pains that the Greeks and Trojans once endured<br>on the spreading plain of Troy when the gods willed it so—<br>all that comes </s> said to be the daughters of Hesperus. Nevertheless, among the names given to them, though never all at once, there were either three, four, or seven Hesperides. Apollonius of Rhodes gives the number of three with their names as Aigle, Erytheis and Hespere (or Hespera). Hyginus in his preface to the "Fabulae" names them as Aegle, Hesperie and *aerica. In another source, they are named Ægle, Arethusa and Hesperethusa, the three daughters of Hesperus. Hesiod says that these "clear-voiced Hesperides", daughters of Night, guarded the golden apples beyond Ocean in the far west of the world, gives the number of </s> four: Teles, Raidne, Molpe, and Thelxiope; Eustathius states that they were two, Aglaopheme and Thelxiepeia; an ancient vase painting attests the two names as Himerope and Thelxiepeia. Their individual names are variously rendered in the later sources as Thelxiepeia/Thelxiope/Thelxinoe, Molpe, Himerope, Aglaophonos/Aglaope/Aglaopheme, Pisinoe/Peisinoë/Peisithoe, Parthenope, Ligeia, Leucosia, Raidne, and Teles. According to Ovid (43 BC–17 AD), the Sirens were the companions of young Persephone. They were given wings by Demeter to search for Persephone when she was abducted. However, the "Fabulae" of Hyginus (64 BC–17 AD) has Demeter cursing the Sirens for failing to intervene in the abduction of Persephone. According | 1 | how many sirens were there in the odyssey | None |
{
"answer_start": [
691
],
"text": [
"March 2009"
]
} | to 1944, the Bank made deliberate efforts to move away from commercial banking and become a central bank. In 1946, shortly after the end of Norman's tenure, the bank was nationalised by the Labour government. The Bank pursued the multiple goals of Keynesian economics after 1945, especially "easy money" and low interest rates to support aggregate demand. It tried to keep a fixed exchange rate, and attempted to deal with inflation and sterling weakness by credit and exchange controls. In 1977, the Bank set up a wholly owned subsidiary called Bank of England Nominees Limited (BOEN), a private limited company, </s> an all-time low of 0.5% in order to avoid deflation and spur growth. In March 2009, the MPC launched a programme of quantitative easing, initially injecting £75 billion into the economy. By March 2010, it had also increased the amount of money set aside for quantitative easing to £200 billion, a figure later increased by a further £75 billion in the months following October 2011. The MPC announced two further £50 billion rounds of quantitative easing in February and July 2012, bringing the total to £375 billion whilst simultaneously keeping the base rate at 0.5%. In March 2013, the Chancellor </s> England’s Prudential Regulatory Authority (another FSA successor), and the Financial Policy Committee. The FCA is responsible for the conduct of around 58,000 businesses which employ 2.2 million people and contribute around £65.6 billion in annual tax revenue to the UK economy. On 19 December 2012, the Financial Services Act 2012 received royal assent, and it came into force on 1 April 2013. The Act created a new regulatory framework for financial services and abolished the Financial Services Authority. Specifically, the Act gave the Bank of England responsibility for financial stability, bringing together macro and micro prudential regulation, created a new | 1 | when did the bank of england start quantitative easing | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1580
],
"text": [
"personal consumption"
]
} | and Sweden). Business enterprises contributed 59.1 % of U.S. GERD in 2012, down from 69.0 % in 2000. Private non-profits and foreign entities each contribute a small fraction of total R&D, 3.3% and 3.8%, respectively. The USA has historically been a leader in business R&D and innovation. The economic recession of 2008–2009 has had a lasting impact, however. While the major performers of R&D largely maintained their commitments, the pain of the U.S. recession was felt mainly by small businesses and start-ups. Statistics released by the U.S. Census Bureau showed that, in 2008, the number of business 'deaths' began overtaking </s> rights. When it comes to trade in intellectual property, the United States remains unrivalled. Income from royalties and licensing amounted to $129.2 billion in 2013, the highest in the world. Japan comes a distant second, with receipts of $31.6 billion in 2013. The United States' payments for use of intellectual property amounted to $39.0 billion in 2013, exceeded only by Ireland ($46.4 billion). In 2011, the 20 largest U.S.-based companies by revenue were Walmart, ExxonMobil, Chevron, ConocoPhillips, Fannie Mae, General Electric, Berkshire Hathaway, General Motors, Ford Motor Company, Hewlett-Packard, AT&T, Cargill, McKesson Corporation, Bank of America, Federal Home Loan Mortgage </s> economic indicators in 1980–2017. Inflation below 2 % is in green. U.S. nominal GDP was $19.5 trillion in 2017. Annualized, nominal GDP reached $20.1 trillion in Q1 2018, the first time it exceeded the $20 trillion level. About 70% of U.S. GDP is personal consumption, with business investment 18%, government 17% (federal, state and local but excluding transfer payments such as Social Security, which is in consumption) and net exports a negative 3% due to the U.S. trade deficit. Real gross domestic product, a measure of both production and income, grew by 2.3% in 2017, vs. 1.5% in 2016 and | 1 | the largest component of national income in the united states is | None |
{
"answer_start": [
17
],
"text": [
"Christian Friedrich Samuel Hahnemann"
]
} | Samuel Hahnemann Christian Friedrich Samuel Hahnemann (; 10 April 1755 – 2 July 1843) was a German physician, best known for creating the pseudoscientific system of alternative medicine called homeopathy. Christian Friedrich Samuel Hahnemann was born in Meissen, Saxony, near Dresden. His father Christian Gottfried Hahnemann was a painter and designer of porcelain, for which the town of Meissen is famous. As a young man, Hahnemann became proficient in a number of languages, including English, French, Italian, Greek and Latin. He eventually made a living as a translator and teacher of languages, gaining further proficiency in "Arabic, Syriac, Chaldaic and </s> Federal Vanderburgh Federal Vanderburgh (May 11, 1788 – January 23, 1868) was an American doctor, researcher and a pioneer in the field of homeopathy during the early-to mid 19th century. One of the pupils of Dr. Hans Burch Gram, Vanderburgh contributed a number of valuable research papers and essays in the field as well being credited for introducing homeopathy in Connecticut. He was one of the oldest and most successful practicing homeopathists in the United States at the time of his death. Federal Vanderburgh was born in Beekman, New York, on May 11, 1788. He was one of nineteen children </s> William Hewson (surgeon) William Hewson (14 November 1739 – 1 May 1774) was a British surgeon, anatomist and physiologist who has sometimes been referred to as the "father of haematology". Born in Hexham, Northumberland, Hewson initially studied in 1753 at the Newcastle Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne (which later became the Royal Victoria Infirmary) under its founder Richard Lambert and much later in the winter of 1761/1762 in Edinburgh and was a student, and later an assistant, of William Hunter. He was awarded the Copley Medal in 1769 and elected to the Royal Society in 1770. His major contribution was in | 1 | who is known as the father of homeopathy | None |
{
"answer_start": [
68
],
"text": [
"1972"
]
} | and references in the song have long provoked debate. In a July 20, 1972 interview for "Rolling Stone", Jon Landau asked Simon: "What is it that the mama saw? The whole world wants to know." Simon replied "I have no idea what it is... Something sexual is what I imagine, but when I say 'something', I never bothered to figure out what it was. Didn't make any difference to me." This implies that Simon left the crime up to the imagination of the listener, allowing each person who listens to the song to draw their own conclusion from their own </s> contributed to the soundtrack with the song "Drown". Singles (1992 film) Singles is a 1992 American romantic comedy film written, co-produced, and directed by Cameron Crowe, and starring Bridget Fonda, Campbell Scott, Kyra Sedgwick, and Matt Dillon. The film was distributed by Warner Bros. and released theatrically on September 18, 1992 to generally positive reviews from critics and moderate box office success, grossing over $18 million. "Singles" centers on the precarious romantic lives of a group of young Gen X'ers in Seattle, Washington, at the height of the 1990s grunge phenomenon. Most of the characters dwell in an apartment block, </s> with the single "Boy Like Me". Sometime in 2005, Michelle Branch recruited her longtime friend and backing vocalist Jessica Harp on a new musical venture, incorporating elements from both Branch's pop-rock style and Harp's country style to form a unique-sounding duo. Thus, The Wreckers (a shortened form of the second band name given to the girls by Michelle's then husband Teddy Landau, "The Cass County Homewreckers") were formed and were soon signed to Maverick Records. The Wreckers' song "The Good Kind"—originally recorded solely by Harp—was soon featured on the hit teen television series "One Tree Hill". They performed this song | 1 | what year did me and julio down by the schoolyard come out | None |
{
"answer_start": [
941
],
"text": [
"Nicaragua"
]
} | Middle America Trench is also responsible for earthquakes in 1902, 1942, 1956, 1982, 1992, 2001, 2007, 2012, 2014, and many other earthquakes throughout Central America. The Middle America Trench is not the only source of seismic activity in Central America. The Motagua Fault is an onshore continuation of the Cayman Trough which forms part of the tectonic boundary between the North American Plate and the Caribbean Plate. This transform fault cuts right across Guatemala and then continues offshore until it merges with the Middle America Trench along the Pacific coast of Mexico, near Acapulco. Seismic activity at the Motagua Fault </s> from the Strait of Magellan to the Gulf of Fonseca. This entity was dissolved in 1543, and most of the territory within Central America then fell under the jurisdiction of the "Audiencia Real de Guatemala". This area included the current territories of Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and the Mexican state of Chiapas, but excluded the lands that would become Belize and Panama. The president of the Audiencia, which had its seat in Antigua Guatemala, was the governor of the entire area. In 1609 the area became a captaincy general and the governor was also granted the title </s> of captain general. The Captaincy General of Guatemala encompassed most of Central America, with the exception of present-day Belize and Panama. The Captaincy General of Guatemala lasted for more than two centuries, but began to fray after a rebellion in 1811 which began in the intendancy of San Salvador. The Captaincy General formally ended on 15 September 1821, with the signing of the Act of Independence of Central America. Mexican independence was achieved at virtually the same time with the signing of the Treaty of Córdoba and the Declaration of Independence of the Mexican Empire, and the entire region was | 1 | the country in middle america with the largest population is | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1487
],
"text": [
"in the arm"
]
} | flexor muscles of the forearm, even being the origin of flexor digitorum superficialis. The ulnar nerve crosses the intermediate part as it enters the forearm. The radial collateral ligament is attached to the lateral epicondyle below the common extensor tendon. Less distinct than the ulnar collateral ligament, this ligament blends with the annular ligament of the radius and its margins are attached near the radial notch of the ulna. There are three main flexor muscles at the elbow: Brachialis is the main muscle used when the elbow is flexed slowly. During rapid and forceful flexion all three muscles are brought </s> then it pulls the cork out (flexion). The biceps is one of three muscles in the anterior compartment of the upper arm, along with the brachialis muscle and the coracobrachialis muscle, with which the biceps shares a nerve supply. The biceps muscle has two heads, the short head and the long head, distinguished according to their origin at the coracoid process and supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, respectively. From its origin on the glenoid, the long head remains tendinous as it passes through the shoulder joint and through the intertubercular groove of the humerus. Extending from its origin on the </s> compartments of the arm. The fascia merges with the periosteum (outer bone layer) of the humerus. The compartments contain muscles which are innervated by the same nerve and perform the same action. Two other muscles are considered to be partially in the arm: The musculocutaneous nerve, from C5, C6, C7, is the main supplier of muscles of the anterior compartment. It originates from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus of nerves. It pierces the coracobrachialis muscle and gives off branches to the muscle, as well as to brachialis and biceps brachii. It terminates as the anterior cutaneous nerve of | 1 | where is the biceps located in the body | None |
{
"answer_start": [
799
],
"text": [
"1960"
]
} | Top 15. Together, the pair recorded two more albums, "Singin' Again" (1967) and "If we Put Our Heads Together" (1969). In 1965, her solo career continued with three major hits, "Happy Birthday", "Blue Kentucky Girl" (later recorded and made a Top 10 hit in the 1970s by Emmylou Harris), and "The Home You're Tearing Down". Lynn's label issued two albums that year, "Songs from My Heart" and "Blue Kentucky Girl". While most were Top 10 Country hits, none reached #1. Lynn's first self-penned song to crack the Top Ten, 1966's "Dear Uncle Sam", was among the very first recordings to </s> was also presented to Bill Clinton, Oprah Winfrey, and Bob Dylan). Lynn has been a member of the Grand Ole Opry since joining on September 25, 1962; her debut appearance on the Grand Ole Opry was on October 15, 1960. Lynn has recorded 70 albums, including 54 studio albums, 15 compilation albums, and one tribute album, and over 48 million of her albums have been sold worldwide in her career. Lynn was born in 1932 and raised in the mining community of Butcher Hollow, Van Lear, Kentucky. Loretta was the second of eight children. She was named after the film </s> beginning a string of Top 10 singles that would run through the rest of the decade and throughout the next. She was a hard honky-tonk singer for the first half of the 1960s and rarely strayed from the genre. During this time, Lynn soon began to regularly hit the Top 10 after 1964 with songs such as "Before I'm Over You", which peaked at No. 4, followed by "Wine, Women and Song," which peaked at No. 3. In late 1964, she recorded a duet album with Ernest Tubb. Their lead single, "Mr. and Mrs. Used to Be", peaked within the | 1 | when did loretta lynn first appear on the grand ole opry | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1513
],
"text": [
"Zuri"
]
} | with this film due to the need to be authentic to African culture and geography. For the Warrior Falls environment, the amphitheater-like cliff walls had to be populated with digital spectators that could not simply be copy-and-pasted around the set due to the precise costume designs created by Carter for each tribe and character. Instead, the visual effects department had to work with the costumers to individually model each digital extra for the sequence. Additionally, visual effects were also used to adjust the opening sequence after test audiences were confusing the characters of T'Chaka and T'Challa, both dressed as the </s> film, titled "The Pink Panther 2", was released on February 6, 2009. It again features Steve Martin as Inspector Clouseau, Emily Mortimer as Nicole Durant, and Jean Reno as Gendarme Ponton, but was notable because Dreyfus was played by John Cleese instead of Kevin Kline. Beyoncé Knowles did not return for the sequel either. The film features Clouseau and a "Dream Team" of the world's best detectives formed to catch the international mastermind thief El Tornado, who has stolen several valuable treasures, including the Shroud of Turin, the Pope's Ring and the Pink Panther diamond. The film grossed $75,946,615 at </s> who adopted the name "Killmonger". Meanwhile, Killmonger kills Klaue and takes his body to Wakanda. He is brought before the tribal elders, revealing his identity and claim to the throne. Killmonger challenges T'Challa to ritual combat, where he kills Zuri, defeats T'Challa, and hurls him over a waterfall to his presumed death. Killmonger ingests the heart-shaped herb and orders the rest incinerated, but Nakia extracts one first. Killmonger, supported by W'Kabi and his army, prepares to distribute shipments of Wakandan weapons to operatives around the world. Nakia, Shuri, Ramonda, and Ross flee to the Jabari Tribe for aid. They find | 1 | who did forest whitaker play in black panther | None |
{
"answer_start": [
848
],
"text": [
"Josh Brolin"
]
} | Naomi Ryan also had a supporting role in the film, though it was cut in the final version. Cameos in the film include: James Gunn as a Sakaaran; Stan Lee as a Xandarian Ladies' Man; Lloyd Kaufman as an inmate; Nathan Fillion as the voice of an inmate; Rob Zombie as the voice of the Ravager Navigator; composer Tyler Bates as a Ravager pilot; and Seth Green as the voice of Howard the Duck. Marvel Studios President Kevin Feige first mentioned "Guardians of the Galaxy" as a potential film at the 2010 San Diego Comic-Con International, stating, "There are some </s> to ensure shots of Rocket at MPC would match the Rocket created by Framestore, and vice versa for when Groot was needed by the other studio. In order to give Thanos "the performance and the weight that he deserved", Luma Pictures created a new facial animation system to re-create Josh Brolin as a fully CG character, using his "eyes, some of his cheek, how his muscles move when he talks". The character's large jaw, and the deep groves that run down his face, had "to be carefully planned out with the movement of his face." In August 2013, Gunn revealed </s> smell, root out a skrull in disguise and detect when energy weapons were about to go off. Dave Bautista plays Drax in the live-action 2014 Marvel Studios film "Guardians of the Galaxy". In the film, Drax is an alien whose wife and daughter were slaughtered by Ronan the Accuser, on the instructions of Thanos, for which Drax vows revenge. He first meets the other Guardians of the Galaxy in prison, including Gamora, whom he holds responsible for his family's deaths because she is a daughter of Thanos. She tells him that she was raised by Thanos only after he slaughtered | 1 | who voiced thanos in guardians of the galaxy | None |
{
"answer_start": [
933
],
"text": [
"the osmotic flow of water"
]
} | single tomato cells were compressed between a micro-manipulation probe and glass to allow the pressure probe's micro-capillary to find the cell's turgor pressure. It has been observed that the value of Ψ decreases as the cell becomes more dehydrated, but scientists have speculated whether this value will continue to decrease but never fall to zero, or if the value can be less than zero. There have been studies which show that negative cell pressures can exist in xerophytic plants, but a paper by M. T. Tyree explores whether this is possible, or a conclusion based on misinterpreted data. In his </s> Turgor pressure Turgor pressure is the force within the cell that pushes the plasma membrane against the cell wall. It is also called "hydrostatic pressure", and more intricately defined as the pressure measured by a fluid, measured at a certain point within itself when at equilibrium. Generally, turgor pressure is caused by the osmotic flow of water and occurs in plants, fungi, and bacteria. The phenomenon is also observed in protists that have cell walls. This system is not seen in animal cells, seeing how the absence of a cell wall would cause the cell to lyse when under too </s> lower pulvinar cells of the plant, and the movement of potassium and calcium ions throughout the cells cause the increase in turgor pressure. When touched, the pulvinus is activated and exudes contractile proteins, which in turn increases turgor pressure and closes the leaves of the plant. As earlier stated, turgor pressure can be found in other organisms besides plants, and can play a large role in the development, movement and nature of said organisms. In fungi, tugor pressure has been observed as a large factor in substrate penetration. In species such as "Saprolegnia ferax, Magnaporthe grisea" and "Aspergillus oryzae," immense | 1 | turgor pressure of a plant cell will increase due to | None |
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"George Henry Powell"
]
} | George Henry Powell George Henry Powell (27 April 1880 – 3 December 1951) was a Welsh songwriter who, under the pseudonym George Asaf, wrote the lyrics of the marching song "Pack Up Your Troubles in Your Old Kit-Bag" in 1915. The music was written by his brother Felix Powell, and the song was entered into a World War I competition for "best morale-building song". It won first prize and was noted as "perhaps the most optimistic song ever written". Although Felix Powell was an enthusiastic Staff Sergeant in the British Army, George Powell was a pacifist, and became a conscientious </s> A B17-G Flying Fortress named "Pistol Packin' Mama" was lost on July 20, 1944 on a mission to Leipzig. In episode #151 of Hee Haw, the whole Hee Haw Gang, led by Buck Owens, performed the song in front of the haystack. In a 1964 episode of the television program 'McHale's Navy' entitled The Rage of Taratupa, the song is sung several times by the character Harley Hatfield, played by actor Jesse Pearson. Pistol Packin' Mama "Pistol Packin' Mama" is a 1943 song with the words written by Al Dexter, who adapted the melody from "Boil Them Cabbage Down." The </s> Baggy Trousers "Baggy Trousers" is a song by English ska/pop band Madness from their 1980 album "Absolutely". It was written by lead singer Graham "Suggs" McPherson and guitarist Chris Foreman, and reminisces about school days. (Mike Barson also received a writing credit in error, the correct McPherson/Foreman credit being used for subsequent releases). The band first began performing the song at live shows in April 1980. It was released as a single on September 5, 1980 and spent 20 weeks in UK charts, reaching a high of #3. It was the 28th best-selling single of 1980 in the UK. In | 1 | who wrote pack up your troubles in your old kit bag | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1144
],
"text": [
"Mamata Banerjee"
]
} | the Delhi Sultanate, overran Bihar and Bengal as far east as Rangpur, Bogra, and the Brahmaputra River. Although he failed to bring Bengal under his control, the expedition defeated Lakshman Sen, whose two sons moved to a place then called Vikramapur (present-day Munshiganj District), where their diminished dominion lasted until the late 13thcentury. Subsequent Muslim conquests helped spread Islam throughout the region. The region was ruled by dynasties of the Bengal Sultanate and feudal lords under the Delhi Sultanate for the next few hundred years. The Bengal Sultanate was interrupted for a period of twenty years by a Hindu uprising </s> elections are regularly held, govern local affairs. The state contributes 42 seats to the Lok Sabha and 16 seats to the Rajya Sabha of the Indian Parliament. The main players in the politics of the state are the All India Trinamool Congress, the Indian National Congress, and the Left Front alliance (led by the Communist Party of India (Marxist) or CPI(M)). Following the West Bengal State Assembly Election in 2011, the All India Trinamool Congress and Indian National Congress coalition under Mamata Banerjee of the All India Trinamool Congress was elected to power (getting 225 seats in the legislature). Prior </s> and principled brand of politics long forgotten in India today". Prafulla Chandra Sen Prafulla Chandra Sen (10 April 1897 – 25 September 1990) was a Bengali politician and freedom fighter. He was the Chief Minister of West Bengal from 1962 to 1967. Sen was born in the Khulna District of Bengal on the 10th of April 1897. Most of his childhood was spent in Bihar, Eastern India. He started his education in Bihar and passed the entrance exam to attend the R. Mitra Institute in Deoghar. He then went on to receive a Bachelor of Science degree from Scottish Church | 1 | who is the 1st chief minister of west bengal | None |
{
"answer_start": [
161
],
"text": [
"Barry Seal"
]
} | When asked by Abraham Riesman of "Vulture" if the film was a biopic, director Doug Liman said "You know, we're not making a biopic. Tom Cruise doesn't look like Barry Seal. His character is inspired by the stories we learned about Barry." It has been noted the real Seal was not of Tom Cruise's 5-foot-7 frame, and was an obese man who reportedly weighed 300 pounds. Liman has also acknowledged that the film's zero-gravity love scene was his idea, and that he received the inspiration for it after he and Cruise collided in the cockpit while filming a flight scene. </s> The Men Who Built America The Men Who Built America (also known as The Innovators: The Men Who Built America in some international markets) is a six-hour, four-part miniseries docudrama which was originally broadcast on the History Channel in the Fall of 2012, and on the History Channel UK in Spring of 2013. The series focuses on the lives of Cornelius Vanderbilt, John D. Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, J. P. Morgan, Thomas Edison and Henry Ford. It tells how their industrial innovations and business empires revolutionized modern society. The series is directed by Patrick Reams and Ruán Magan and is narrated </s> The Making of an American The Making of an American is a 1920 short silent film used as an educational tool in the governmental Americanization initiatives to assimilate immigrants into mainstream culture, especially by encouraging them to learn the English language. It was produced for the State of Connecticut Department of Americanization by the Worcester Film Corp., a company founded in 1918 in Worcester, Massachusetts.The film was rediscovered and preserved by Northeast Historic Film (NHF) a regional moving image archive in New England. An enterprising young Italian who comes to America is forced to take a position as a day | 1 | who is the film american made based on | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1205
],
"text": [
"Creed"
]
} | made on a budget of just over $1 million, was a sleeper hit; it earned $225 million in global box office receipts, becoming the highest-grossing film of 1976, and went on to win three Oscars, including Best Picture. The film received many positive reviews and turned Stallone into a major movie star. In 2006, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically or aesthetically significant". "Rocky" is considered to be one of the greatest sports films ever made and was ranked as the second-best in the </s> Rocky Rocky is a 1976 American sports drama film directed by John G. Avildsen and both written by and starring Sylvester Stallone. It tells the rags to riches American Dream story of Rocky Balboa, an uneducated but kind-hearted working class Italian-American boxer working as a debt collector for a loan shark in the slums of Philadelphia. Rocky, a small-time club fighter, gets a shot at the world heavyweight championship. The film also stars Talia Shire as Adrian, Burt Young as Adrian's brother Paulie, Burgess Meredith as Rocky's trainer Mickey Goldmill, and Carl Weathers as the champion, Apollo Creed. The film, </s> and Chick Wergeles served as his managers and Charley Goldman as his trainer and teacher. Although he had one professional fight (against Lee Epperson) on his record, Marciano began fighting permanently as a professional boxer on July 12, 1948. That night, he notched a win over Harry Bilazarian (3–6–0). He won his first 16 bouts by knockout, all before the fifth round and nine before the first round was over. Don Mogard (17–9–1) became the first boxer to last the distance (full 10 rounds scheduled) with "The Rock", but Marciano won by unanimous decision. Early in his career, he changed | 1 | who won the fight in the first rocky movie | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1298
],
"text": [
"Eric Stoltz"
]
} | Patrick Breen Joseph Patrick Breen (born October 26, 1960) is an American actor, playwright and screenwriter. Breen was born in Brooklyn, New York on October 26, 1960. He has acted primarily on TV but has also appeared in numerous films, as well as on Broadway and Off Broadway. In 2010, he starred on Broadway in "Next Fall". He is currently playing Andrew Munsey, Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, on the CBS drama "Madam Secretary". He was originally hired to voice Splatter and Dodge in "Thomas and the Magic Railroad" but was cut and was replaced by Neil Crone and </s> "Family Matters". Ira Heiden Ira Heiden (born September 22, 1966) is an American television and film actor, perhaps best known for his role in the 1987 horror film "" as Will Stanton. Ira's other film roles include the 1988 film "Elvira, Mistress of the Dark" and until "The Trouble with the Truth" (2011) his most recent film was "Timelock" (1996). Heiden has done a few TV movies; he also had a small recurring role in the ABC hit TV series "Alias" as C.I.A. techie Rick McCarthy. He has made guest appearances on TV shows such as "Family Ties", "Step by </s> daughters, Stephanie "Stevie" (Wallis Currie-Wood) and Alison (Kathrine Herzer), and a son, Jason (Evan Roe). She also has a brother, Dr. Will Adams (Eric Stoltz), who is married to Sophie Adams, and with whom he has a 5-year-old daughter, Annie; both of her parents died when she was young, in a car accident. She speaks fluent French, German, Arabic, Persian and "a year of high school Spanish". Elizabeth worked for the CIA as an analyst for 20 years until she resigned from her position due to an ethical dilemma, just as she was being considered for promotion to Station Chief, | 1 | who plays elizabeth mccord 's brother on madam secretary | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1608
],
"text": [
"1871"
]
} | the ranks of E-5 and E-7. When a potential applicant walks into a recruiting station his or her height and weight are checked and their background investigated. A finger print scan is conducted and a practice ASVAB exam is given to them. Applicants can not officially swear their enlistment oath in the recruiting office. This is conducted at a Military Entrance Processing Station – MEPS. Prior to the outbreak of World War I, military recruitment in the US was conducted primarily by individual states. Upon entering the war, however, the federal government took an increased role. The increased emphasis on </s> as early as the American Civil War. The United States Navy Nurse Corps was officially established in 1908; it was all-female until 1965. After the establishment of the Nurse Corps in 1908 by an Act of Congress, twenty women were selected as the first members and assigned to the Naval Medical School Hospital in Washington, D.C. However, the navy did not provide room or board for them, and so the nurses rented their own house and provided their own meals. In time, the nurses would come to be known as "The Sacred Twenty" because they were the first women to </s> United States Civil Service Commission The United States Civil Service Commission was a government agency of the federal government of the United States and was created to select employees of federal government on merit rather than relationships. In 1979, it was dissolved as part of the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978; the Office of Personnel Management and the Merit Systems Protection Board are the successor agencies. In 1871, President Ulysses S. Grant and Congress passed Civil Service reform law that created the first United States Civil Service Commission, that was implemented by President Grant and funded for two years | 1 | when did the us military begin hiring civilians | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1264
],
"text": [
"Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle"
]
} | briefly after the July Revolution of 1830. During Napoleon I's reign, "Veillons au salut de l'Empire" was the unofficial anthem of the regime, and in Napoleon III's reign, it was "Partant pour la Syrie". During the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, "La Marseillaise" was recognised as the anthem of the international revolutionary movement; as such, it was adopted by the Paris Commune in 1871, albeit with new lyrics under the title "La marseillaise de la Commune". Eight years later, in 1879, it was restored as France's national anthem, and has remained so ever since. Several musical antecedents have been cited </s> until its overthrow in the October Revolution. It remained in use by the Soviets for a short time alongside The Internationale. During the 1917 Revolution it was played at all public assemblies, street demonstrations, concerts and plays. Worker's Marseillaise The Worker's Marseillaise () is a Russian revolutionary song set to the tune of the Marseillaise (although in many recordings the tune is not exactly the same, particularly before the refrain). The lyrics were authored by Pyotr Lavrov, first published on July 1, 1875. The lyrics are not a direct translation of the French ones and are very radical-socialist in spirit. </s> Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle (), sometimes spelled de l'Isle or de Lile (10 May 1760 – 26 June 1836), was a French army officer of the French Revolutionary Wars. He is known for writing the words and music of the "Chant de guerre pour l'armée du Rhin" in 1792, which would later be known as "La Marseillaise" and become the French national anthem. Rouget de Lisle was born at Lons-le-Saunier, reputedly on a market day. His parents lived in the neighbouring village of Montaigu. A plaque was placed at the precise spot of his | 1 | who composed marseillaise the national anthem of france | None |
{
"answer_start": [
340
],
"text": [
"Marjorie Gestring"
]
} | Maxine McCormick Maxine McCormick (born 2004) is the youngest world champion in fly casting history. In 2016, at age 12, she won the women's World Casting Championship in fly-fishing. She is America’s No. 1 female caster. She is the first child to participate in and win a gold medal at a world-class event since 13-year old American diver Marjorie Gestring won the 1936 Berlin Olympics. At the 2017 National Casting Championships, held in San Jose, California, McCormick beat her hall of fame mentor and coach Chris Korich. Maxine ranked fourth in North America in flycasting accuracy, and she earned a </s> Maria Lenk Maria Emma Hulga Lenk (January 15, 1915 – April 16, 2007) was a Brazilian swimmer and to date is considered one of the greatest Brazilian female athletes. At the age of 17, she was the first Brazilian and South-American woman to participate in the Summer Olympic Games, at the 1932 Summer Olympics, in Los Angeles. Born in São Paulo, Maria Lenk was the first Brazilian in history to set a world record in swimming. On November 8, 1939, in Rio de Janeiro with a time of 2:56.0, she beat Jopie Waalberg's previous record of 2:56.9, for the 200m </s> her 90s. At the time of her death, Maria Lenk still held five Master World Records: Maria Lenk Maria Emma Hulga Lenk (January 15, 1915 – April 16, 2007) was a Brazilian swimmer and to date is considered one of the greatest Brazilian female athletes. At the age of 17, she was the first Brazilian and South-American woman to participate in the Summer Olympic Games, at the 1932 Summer Olympics, in Los Angeles. Born in São Paulo, Maria Lenk was the first Brazilian in history to set a world record in swimming. On November 8, 1939, in Rio de Janeiro | 1 | the youngest person to win olympic gold medal | None |
{
"answer_start": [
640
],
"text": [
"Tavares"
]
} | Minute by Minute (The Doobie Brothers song) "Minute by Minute" is a song written by Michael McDonald and Lester Abrams originally released by the Doobie Brothers on their 1978 album "Minute by Minute". The single was released in April 1979, debuted at number 67 on 5 May 1979, and reached number 14 on 23–30 June 1979 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart. It was nominated for a Grammy Award for Song of the Year, but lost out to The Doobie Brothers' own "What a Fool Believes". It has since been covered by other artists, including The Temptations, Larry Carlton, Stanley </s> It Only Takes a Minute "It Only Takes a Minute" is a 1975 song by Tavares. The song was the group's only Top 10 pop hit in the United States, peaking at number 10, and their second number one song on the American soul charts. On the US Disco chart, "It Only Takes a Minute" spent five weeks at #2 and was the first of four entries on the chart. The song was subsequently covered by Jonathan King performing as 100 Ton and a Feather in 1976 and by boy band Take That in 1992. Tavares did not release their </s> was originally recorded by the female vocal trio Lewis (featuring Dee, Shirley and Linda Lewis, later known as Lewis Sisters), released a month before the Five Star version as the B-side to their single "If the Love Fits". The video features the band making a human clock, with all five members becoming the "hands" of the clock. The band's car also supposedly breaks down, and are late for a concert. The traffic lights change from "Wait" to "Can't Wait" to reflect the song's title. Can't Wait Another Minute "Can't Wait Another Minute" is a 1986 hit single by British pop | 1 | who sang it only takes a minute girl | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1275
],
"text": [
"Carolyn W. Colvin"
]
} | and their two sons. Hargan served as a professor at Loyola University Chicago School of Law, teaching healthcare regulations and administrative law. Eric Hargan Eric David Hargan (born June 3, 1968) is an American lawyer and government official who served as the United States Deputy Secretary of Health and Human Services from October 6, 2017 to January 29, 2018. A member of the Republican Party, Hargan previously acted in this role in 2007 under the George W. Bush administration. On October 10, 2017, President Donald Trump appointed Hargan as acting United States Secretary of Health and Human Services, which he </s> <br> A Timeline of HRA Commissioners New York City Human Resources Administration The Human Resources Administration or Department of Social Services (HRA/DSS) is the department of the government of New York City in charge of the majority of the city’s social services programs. HRA helps New Yorkers in need through a variety of services that promote employment and personal responsibility while providing temporary assistance and work supports. Its regulations are compiled in title 68 of the "New York City Rules". The current Commissioner of HRA is Stephen Banks, who was appointed to the position in April, 2014 by Mayor Bill </s> Carolyn Colvin Carolyn W. Colvin (born May 27, 1942 in Arnold, Maryland) was the Acting Commissioner of Social Security Administration in the United States, appointed on February 14, 2013, having succeeded Michael J. Astrue. On June 20, 2014, President Barack Obama nominated her to serve as the commissioner. On September 18, 2014, the United States Senate Committee on Finance approved her nomination by a 22–2 vote. However, her nomination was never brought up for a vote before the full Senate. Previously, she was the Deputy Commissioner, having been nominated by Obama and confirmed by the United States Senate in 2010. | 1 | who is the acting commissioner of social security | None |
{
"answer_start": [
270
],
"text": [
"12"
]
} | Major Gowen Major Gowen, usually known as the Major, is a fictional character played by Ballard Berkeley in the BBC sitcom "Fawlty Towers". Major Gowen is an old, befuddled, slightly senile, retired artillery officer permanently residing in the hotel. He appears in all 12 episodes, along with the other permanent residents Miss Gatsby and Miss Tibbs. He enjoys talking about the world (especially the cricket scores and workers' strikes) and is always on the lookout for the newspaper. He has trouble forgiving Germany for the Second World War. He often appears slightly hard of hearing, which leads to some confusion </s> off a list of random anniversaries, starting with the Battle of Agincourt, for which he receives a slap from Sybil, who becomes increasingly frustrated and angry. He continues guessing even after Sybil is out of earshot, and mentions other anniversaries (none of which happened on 17 April), including the Battle of Trafalgar and Yom Kippur, just to enhance the surprise. Sybil believes he really has forgotten, and leaves in a huff. In an interview in the DVD box set, Cleese claims this episode deliberately takes a slightly different tone from the others, fleshing out their otherwise inexplicable status as a </s> in January 2017, they had not yet decided whether to produce it. Cumberbatch and Moffat in particular have expressed interest in continuing at some point in the future, but there are no immediate plans. The show has received critical acclaim, sustaining positive reviews across its first three series. However, its fourth series received mixed reviews. Series one holds a Metacritic score of 85/100, based on 17 reviews, and series two scored 91/100, based on 24 reviews, while series three holds a score of 88/100, based on 22 reviews. The first series holds a 100% rating at critical aggregator site Rotten | 1 | how many episodes of fawlty towers were made in total | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1077
],
"text": [
"Nairobi Kenya"
]
} | Catholic Institute of West Africa The Catholic Institute of West Africa (CIWA) is a tertiary educational institution in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. It is a higher ecclesiastical institute of the Catholic Church and remains the leading theological facility in West Africa. Established in 1981, the institute opened its doors with 8 students, 8 academic and administrative staff with Monsignor Stephen Ezeanya as its first rector. Ezeanya was later appointed as Archbishop of Onitsha. In 1982, the institute relocated to its present site at 2nd Artillery, Rumuibekwe. Its current proprietor is the Regional Episcopal Conference of West Africa (RECOWA). According </s> Catholic University of Eastern Africa Catholic University of Eastern Africa (CUEA) is a multi-campus university in Kenya. The main campus of the university is located in Langata, a southwestern neighborhood of the city of Nairobi, the capital of Kenya and the largest city in that country. The University campus is also the host of IBM Research Africa offices. CUEA was founded on 3 September 1984 in Nairobi Kenya as a Graduate School of Theology, under the name the Catholic Higher Institute of Eastern Africa (CHIEA). The Institute was founded by the regional ecclesiastical authority known as Association of Member Episcopal </s> Conferences of Eastern Africa (AMECEA). The member countries of AMECEA are: Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia.Initially, CHIEA offered two-year Licentiate/MA programmes in Theology, as authorized by the Congregation for Catholic Education, Vatican City (cf. Prot. N. 821/80/34), effective 2 May 1984. On 3 September of the same year, it was officially inaugurated by the Right Reverend Bishop Medardo Mazombwe, the then Chairman of AMECEA. On 18 August 1985, it was formally opened by Pope John Paul II. In 1986, the Graduate School of Theology started negotiations with the Commission for Higher Education in Kenya to establish | 1 | where is catholic university of east africa located | None |
{
"answer_start": [
249
],
"text": [
"Gabrielle Miller"
]
} | U.S. Trivago guy, the company decided to create French and Spanish Trivago guys. From 2016 until June 2017, the French actor Mehdi Nebbou was the German Trivago guy. In the UK, Trivago's advertisements are fronted by Australian actress and musician Gabrielle Miller. In Germany, the Trivago girl is German actress and model Anna Puck (since June 2017). In Japan, Trivago is represented in their TV commercials by singer/songwriter Natalie Emmons, who uses the pseudonym "Strae" in the United States. In Malaysia, actress and TV host Dahlia Shazwan has starred in Trivago's advertisements. Trivago states that it attempts to recruit tech </s> Chloë Sevigny Chloë Stevens Sevigny (; born November 18, 1974) is an American actress, model, and fashion designer. She is mostly known for her work in independent films, often appearing in controversial or experimental features. She is the recipient of several accolades, including a Golden Globe, a Satellite Award, and an Independent Spirit Award, as well as Academy Award and Screen Actors Guild Award nominations. She also has a career in fashion design concurrent with her acting work. Over the years, her alternative fashion sense has earned her a reputation as a "style icon". After graduating high school, Sevigny found </s> Michelle Latimer Michelle Latimer is an Aboriginal Canadian actress, director and filmmaker. She is perhaps best known for her role as Trish Simpkin in the soap opera "Paradise Falls", shown nationally in Canada on Showcase Television, starting in 2001. Since the early 2010s, she has directed several documentary films, including the Canadian Screen Award-nominated "Alias" (2013). Her Viceland documentary series, titled "Rise", which focuses on the 2016 Dakota Access Pipeline protests, won a Canadian Screen Award at the 6th annual ceremony in 2018. Latimer was born and raised in Thunder Bay, Ontario with Métis/Algonquin descent. She later studied filmmaking at | 1 | who is the actress who does the trivago commercials | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1146
],
"text": [
"54"
]
} | Economy of the African Union The combined states of the African Union (AU) constitute the world's 11th largest economy with a nominal gross domestic product (GDP) of US$2263 billion. By measuring GDP by purchasing power parity (PPP), the African Union's economy totals US$1.515 trillion, ranking it 11th after Russia. At the same time, they have a combined total debt of US$200 billion. The AU has only 2% of the world's international trade. But because over 90% of international trade consists of currency futures, Africa's 2% actually makes up the bulk of real commodity traded worldwide to include about 70% of </s> for only 11% of Africa's total commerce as of 2012, around five times less than in Asia. Most of this intra-Africa trade originates from South Africa and most of the trade exports coming out of South Africa goes to abutting countries in Southern Africa. There are currently eight regional organizations that assist with economic development in Africa: Economy of Africa The economy of Africa consists of the trade, industry, agriculture, and human resources of the continent. , approximately 1.07 billion people were living in 54 different countries in Africa. Africa is a resource-rich continent. Recent growth has been due to </s> mixed religious populations. According to the World Book Encyclopedia, Islam is the largest religion in Africa, followed by Christianity. According to Encyclopædia Britannica, 45% of the population are Christians, 40% are Muslims, and 10% follow traditional religions. A small number of Africans are Hindu, Buddhist, Confucianist, Baha'i, or Jewish. There is also a minority of people in Africa who are irreligious. The countries in this table are categorized according to the scheme for geographic subregions used by the United Nations, and data included are per sources in cross-referenced articles. Where they differ, provisos are clearly indicated. Africa Africa is the | 1 | how many african countries are there in the world | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1008
],
"text": [
"variable error"
]
} | in response to any query. Therefore, recall alone is not enough but one needs to measure the number of non-relevant documents also, for example by also computing the precision. For classification tasks, the terms "true positives", "true negatives", "false positives", and "false negatives" (see Type I and type II errors for definitions) compare the results of the classifier under test with trusted external judgments. The terms "positive" and "negative" refer to the classifier's prediction (sometimes known as the "expectation"), and the terms "true" and "false" refer to whether that prediction corresponds to the external judgment (sometimes known as the "observation"). </s> formula for quantifying binary accuracy is: Accuracy = (TP+TN)/(TP+TN+FP+FN) where: TP = True positive; FP = False positive; TN = True negative; FN = False negative In psychometrics and psychophysics, the term "accuracy" is interchangeably used with validity and "constant error". "Precision" is a synonym for reliability and "variable error". The validity of a measurement instrument or psychological test is established through experiment or correlation with behavior. Reliability is established with a variety of statistical techniques, classically through an internal consistency test like Cronbach's alpha to ensure sets of related questions have related responses, and then comparison of those related </s> and false negatives (documents incorrectly not retrieved). Commonly used metrics include the notions of precision and recall. In this context, precision is defined as the fraction of retrieved documents which are relevant to the query (true positives divided by true+false positives), using a set of ground truth relevant results selected by humans. Recall is defined as the fraction of relevant documents retrieved compared to the total number of relevant documents (true positives divided by true positives+false negatives). Less commonly, the metric of accuracy is used, is defined as the total number of correct classifications (true positives plus true negatives) divided | 1 | the level of mathematical precision of a variable is called | None |
{
"answer_start": [
800
],
"text": [
"Dan and Mary Hountalas"
]
} | original house was designed by Clarence Wilkinson. The house was altered and extended in coming years, most notably the additional of a billiard room and other rooms in 1896 by Wilkinson and Smith and, following McNeil's marriage in 1900 to Jessie Alexander Lawrie, some further modifications in 1906 designed by the architect J.Talbot Hobbs and his firm, Hobbs Smith and Forbes. In 1915 the property was subdivided into 20 lots with the Cliffe retaining a considerable curtilage on the banks of the Swan River. The property was sold in 1927, following McNeil's death, to Lance Brisbane, a prominent West Australian </s> cover of the album "Imaginos" by Blue Öyster Cult. When the Cliff House became part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area in 1977, the National Park Service contracted with Dan and Mary Hountalas as official concessionaires of the property. The NPS renewed its contract with the Hountalas family, under the name Peanut Wagon, in 1998. Peanut Wagon continues to manage Cliff House operations and worked with the Park Service for the extensive site restoration that was completed in 2004. The Cliff House features two restaurants, the casual dining Bistro Restaurant and the more formal Sutro's. Additionally, the Terrace Room </s> swimming pools, a museum, a skating rink and other pleasure grounds. Great throngs of San Franciscans arrived on steam trains, bicycles, carts and horse wagons on Sunday excursions. Sutro purchased some of the collection of stuffed animals, artwork, and historic items from Woodward's Gardens to display at both the Cliff House and Sutro Baths. The 1896 Cliff House survived the 1906 earthquake with little damage, but burned to the ground on the evening of September 7, 1907, after existing for only 11 years. After the fire, Dr. Emma Merritt, Sutro's daughter, commissioned Reid & Reid to rebuild the restaurant in | 1 | who owns the cliff house in san francisco | None |
{
"answer_start": [
831
],
"text": [
"Los Angeles Dodgers"
]
} | with Reggie Jackson in 1977 and Chase Utley in 2009. This was the first World Series in which home-field advantage was decided by the regular season record of the two pennant winners. From 1903 to 2002, home-field advantage had been determined by coin flips and by alternating between the AL and NL. From 2003 to 2016, it was determined by results from that season's All-Star Game, when it was awarded to the team from the winning league. The Dodgers earned home-field advantage over the Astros. The series was played in a 2–3–2 format, with the Dodgers hosting Games 1, 2, </s> League Baseball sold presenting sponsorships to all of its postseason series; this ALCS was sponsored by Camping World and was officially known as the American League Championship Series presented by Camping World. The Astros would go on to defeat the Los Angeles Dodgers in the World Series in seven games, winning their first World Series championship in franchise history. The Astros defeated the Boston Red Sox 3–1 in the 2017 American League Division Series (ALDS). This is the Astros' fifth appearance in a League Championship Series, and their first since transferring from the National League to the American League. Their </s> He then retired the side to send the Astros to their first American League Championship Series and their first postseason series win since 2005. The Red Sox were knocked out of the playoffs in the first round for the second year in a row, having been swept by the Cleveland Indians in the 2016 American League Division Series. 2017 ALDS (3–1): Houston Astros defeated Boston Red Sox. 2017 American League Division Series The 2017 American League Division Series were two best-of-five-games series held to determine the participating teams in the 2017 American League Championship Series. The three divisional winners (seeded | 1 | who won the world series game 6 2017 | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1793
],
"text": [
"1924"
]
} | the American Horse Shows Association in 1917, which now is known as the United States Equestrian Federation. An early form of show jumping first was incorporated into the Olympic Games in 1900. Show jumping in its current format appeared in 1912 and has thrived ever since, its recent popularity due in part to its suitability as a spectator sport that is well adapted for viewing on television. The original list of faults introduced in Great Britain in 1925 was as follows: Water jumps were once at least 15 feet (5 m) wide, although the water often had drained out of </s> the inaugural Ski Flying World Championships in 1972, which eventually superseded International Ski Flying Week. This new event was sanctioned a year earlier by the FIS at their 28th International Ski Congress in Opatija, Croatia (then a part of Yugoslavia). Much like in 1938 when the discipline received official recognition from the FIS, another milestone had been reached as ski flying was now granted its own world championship-level event on par with the Ski Jumping World Championships, having spent almost four decades as a mere 'special attraction' alongside its older and more prestigious sibling. With no world records set at </s> large hill was designated as HS140 (K125). On April 6, 2011, the International Olympic Committee officially accepted women's ski jumping into the official Olympic program for the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia. On February 11, 2014, Carina Vogt of Germany won the very first gold medal for women's ski jumping at the Winter Olympic Games. "Updated after 2018 Winter Olympics. "Note: two silver and no bronze medal in the 1980 normal hill competition." Ski jumping at the Winter Olympics Ski jumping has been included in the program of every Winter Olympic Games. From 1924 through to 1956, the competition | 1 | when was ski jumping added to the olympics | None |
{
"answer_start": [
777
],
"text": [
"Ethelbert"
]
} | "guest stars" in his works and often used the relatives/descendants of his characters to create spin-off series. He backs the existence of these guest stars with frequent references to "fictionist-genealogist" Philip José Farmer's Wold Newton family. His first hero, Ole Devil, is the maternal uncle of his Civil War & Floating Outfit hero, Dusty Fog. Fog in turn is the first cousin of gunfighter John Wesley Hardin—supposedly Ole Devil's paternal nephew. Lon Ysabel's cousin is "Bad Bill" Longley. Alvin Fog was Dusty's grandson; Rockabye County hero Bradford Counter was Mark Counter's great-grandson, and Bunduki was Bradford Counter's cousin and another </s> Gold Key's revival of "Looney Tunes" in the 1970s. During this period, Wile E.'s middle name was revealed to be "Ethelbert" in the story "The Greatest of E's" in issue #53 (cover-date September 1975) of Gold Key Comics' licensed comic book, "Beep Beep the Road Runner". The Road Runner and Wile E. also make appearances in the DC Comics "Looney Tunes" title. Wile E. was able to speak in some of his appearances in the DC comics. In 2017, DC Comics featured a "Looney Tunes" and DC Comics crossovers that reimagined the characters in a darker style. Road Runner and </s> "Rabbit's Feat", "Compressed Hare", and "Hare-Breadth Hurry". While he is generally silent in the Coyote-Road Runner shorts, he speaks with a refined accent in these solo outings (except for "Hare-Breadth Hurry"), beginning with 1952's "", introducing himself as "Wile E. Coyote — Genius", voiced with an upper-class accent by Mel Blanc. The Road Runner vocalizes only with a signature sound, "Beep, Beep", recorded by Paul Julian (although some viewers claim it sounds more like "meep meep"), and an accompanying "popping-cork" tongue noise. To date, 49 cartoons have been made featuring these characters (including the four CGI shorts), the majority by | 1 | what is wile e coyote 's middle name | None |
{
"answer_start": [
392
],
"text": [
"four"
]
} | in Turner's good books. Murder City (TV series) Murder City is a British crime drama series produced by Granada Television, first broadcast on 18 March 2004 on ITV, that focuses on two mismatched detectives — DI Susan Alembic (Amanda Donohoe) and DS Luke Stone (Kris Marshall) — who scour London solving complex cases. The first series consisted of six episodes. A second and final series of four episodes was subsequently commissioned, which began broadcast on 5 April 2006. Following declining viewing figures, a third series of "Murder City" was not commissioned. BBC America began airing the complete series on 17 </s> first miniseries begins in the summer of 1976, following Mary Ann's decision to remain permanently in San Francisco following her vacation there and spans the next several months, concluding on New Year's Day 1977. The miniseries premiered on Channel 4 in the UK on 28 September 1993, and was screened by PBS in the US in January 1994. Amid the controversy surrounding the homosexual themes, nudity, and illicit drug use in the miniseries, "Tales of the City" gave PBS its highest ratings ever for a dramatic programme. In deference to local standards, PBS gave stations the option of showing an </s> City Hospital (UK TV series) City Hospital was a medical documentary television series that aired on BBC1, the United Kingdom's National Network from 1998 till 2007. It ran over nine series with over 360 hours of film broadcast every weekday from 10 am. It was the successor to "The General" and initially kept the same location, format and presentation team. The theme tune was an instrumental version of Bruce Hornsby's "The Way It Is". City Hospital was first broadcast live from Southampton University Trust’s teaching hospital, Southampton General Hospital but also featured Princess Anne Maternity Hospital. It then moved to | 1 | the city and the city bbc number of episodes | None |
{
"answer_start": [
615
],
"text": [
"Brad Rutter"
]
} | October 10, 2008, Jennings passed Rutter by winning $500,000 on "Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader?". He extended the record by winning $300,000 in The IBM Challenge, where he and Rutter took on IBM supercomputer Watson in a special 2011 "Jeopardy!" event. Rutter won $200,000 in the challenge, in which both he and Jennings pledged half of their winnings to charity. He then added $100,000 more later in 2011 when he appeared on "Million Dollar Mind Game", raising his total to $3,555,102, second only to Jennings' $3,923,414.29. In 2014, Jennings and Rutter were both invited to play in the </s> Jerome Vered and Brad Rutter in a three-game, cumulative total match. Vered had set a single-day scoring record during his appearance on the show in 1992, while Rutter had won the 2001 Tournament of Champions and the 2002 Million Dollar Masters tournament and was the show's highest-earning contestant of all-time before Jennings. In the tournament's three-day final, Rutter defeated Jennings and Vered to win the tournament and $2,000,000, and in the process he supplanted Jennings as the winningest all time American game show contestant. Including the $1.18 million he had won in his previous "Jeopardy!" appearances (five regular season games, </s> than a 5th Grader?" on October 10, 2008. In 2014, Rutter regained the title after winning $1,000,000 in the Battle of the Decades, defeating Jennings and Roger Craig in the finals. Craig is the holder of the all-time record for single-day winnings on "Jeopardy!". On the episode that aired September 14, 2010, he amassed a score of $47,000 after the game's first two rounds, then wagered and won an additional $30,000 in the Final Jeopardy! round, finishing with $77,000. The previous single-day record of $75,000 had been set by Jennings. The record-holder among female contestants on "Jeopardy!"—in both number of | 1 | who is the all-time money winner on jeopardy | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1092
],
"text": [
"Verdell"
]
} | except for Stinky, who refuses to be intimidated. Huck arrives aboard the train and scares the Daltons, including Stinky, but they refuse to go to jail. The Two-Bit townsfolk chase them into the state prison, disguised as the Daltons' hideout. Huck reveals his ruse and is congratulated for bringing the Daltons to justice. Huck returns to marry Desert Flower, starting his farm and raising a family with her, while Quick Draw becomes Two-Bit's new sheriff with Baba Looey as his deputy. Yogi and Boo-Boo return to Jellystone Park, Snagglepuss back working as a theater actor and Hokey Wolf runs a </s> emotionally with returning the dog. Melvin's life is further altered when Carol decides to work closer to her home in Brooklyn so she can care for her acutely asthmatic son Spencer ("Spence"). Unable to adjust to another waitress, Melvin arranges through his publisher, whose husband is a doctor, to pay for her son's considerable medical expenses as long as Carol agrees to return to work. She is overwhelmed at his generosity. Meanwhile, Simon's assault and rehabilitation, coupled with Verdell's preference for Melvin, causes Simon to lose his creative muse. Simon is approaching bankruptcy due to his medical bills. Frank persuades </s> Joanna Russ found to be objectionable. The film's final line is from Blood: "Well I'd say she certainly had marvelous judgement, Albert, if not particularly good taste." Ellison disavowed this addition as a "moronic, hateful chauvinist last line, which I despise." Ellison did, however, accept that the ending remained popular with fans, saying: "I would have kept the original last line from the original story, which I think is much more human and beguiling than the sort of punchline that L.Q. Jones used. But L.Q. knew what he was doing in terms of the market, I suppose." Ellison later expanded | 1 | name of dog in as good as it gets | None |
{
"answer_start": [
942
],
"text": [
"eastern Kansas"
]
} | sandstone capped ridges and rolling hills. The Pennsylvanian age sandstones were depositied in a large river valley. The sandstones are the Tonganoxie Sandstone Member of the Stranger Formation and Ireland Sandstone Member of the Lawrence Formation. The hills occur in the western portions of Montgomery, Wilson and Woodson counties and the eastern edges of Chautauqua, Elk and Greenwood counties. The sandstones continue into northern Oklahoma. The Flint Hills developed on the north-south exposure of Permian cherty limestones. The region extends from Marshall County in the north, to Cowley County and on into northern Oklahoma where they are known as the </s> of Cassoday, "the Prairie Chicken Capital of the World", and the Konza Prairie which is managed as a tallgrass prairie biological research station by Kansas State University. Flint Hills The Flint Hills historically known as Bluestem Pastures or Blue Stem Hills, is a region in eastern Kansas and north-central Oklahoma named for the abundant residual flint eroded from the bedrock that lies near or at the surface. It consists of a band of hills stretching from Kansas to Oklahoma, extending from Marshall and Washington counties in the north to Cowley County, Kansas and Kay and Osage counties in Oklahoma in </s> Wildcat Hills The Wildcat Hills are an escarpment between the North Platte River and Pumpkin Creek in the western Panhandle, in the state of Nebraska in the Great Plains region of the United States. Located in Banner, Morrill, and Scotts Bluff counties, the high tableland between the streams has been eroded by wind and water into a region of forested buttes, ridges and canyons that rise above the surrounding landscape. Chimney Rock, Scotts Bluff, and Courthouse and Jail Rocks are outcrops along the northern and western edges of the Wildcat Hills. The plant and animal life in the Wildcat Hills | 1 | where are the flint hills located in kansas | None |
{
"answer_start": [
677
],
"text": [
"Jason Momoa"
]
} | Anthony Forwood Ernest Lytton Forwood (3 October 1915 – 18 May 1988), known professionally as Anthony Forwood, was an English actor. After years of theatre, including the revue "This World of Ours" in 1935; Forwood gained his first film acting role in 1949, when he starred in Ralph Thomas' "Traveller's Joy". That same year he appeared in the thriller "The Man in Black" with Sid James. Some time later, in 1952, he received a number of roles including "Appointment in London" with Dirk Bogarde, whose longtime partner and manager he became. (Ralph Thomas directed Bogarde in "Doctor in the House" </s> Voltage Pictures financing and selling the film at Cannes. In June 2015, Jason Momoa, Thomas Middleditch and Famke Janssen joined the cast of the film, Momoa to play the gang leader who forces Willis' character to do some jobs for his dog, Middleditch to play Willis' assistant in his operation, while Janssen would play Willis' sister-in-law. Later on June 30, 2015, John Goodman, Stephanie Sigman, Adrian Martinez, Kal Penn, and Emily Robinson round out the remaining cast of the film, Goodman playing Willis' best friend, Sigman playing Momoa's character's girlfriend, Martinez playing the owner of a local pizza store who </s> the focus until the Grand Inquisitor kills both of them and makes clothing out of their skin. The movie was an Italian-American co production. Originally Edmond O'Brien and his wife Olga San Juan were mentioned as possibly starring in the movie which was being produced by Monte Schaff and Lou Appleton. Douglas Fairbanks Jnr was also mentioned as a possible lead. Eventually it was announced Nathan Wachsberger would produce (in Europe) from a script by Jesse Lasky Jrn, and that former Universal contract stars Maria Montez and Paul Christian would star. John Brahm signed to direct and Faye Marlowe and | 1 | who played spyder in once upon a time in venice | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1313
],
"text": [
"Yukon"
]
} | 50th parallel north The 50th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 50 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Europe, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America, and the Atlantic Ocean. At this latitude the sun is visible for 16 hours, 22 minutes during the summer solstice and 8 hours, 4 minutes during the winter solstice. The maximum altitude of the sun on the summer solstice is 63.5 degrees and on the winter solstice it is 16.5 degrees. At this latitude, the average sea surface temperature between 1982 and 2011 was about 8.5°C (47.3°F). Starting at </s> 73rd parallel north The 73rd parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 73 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane, in the Arctic. It crosses the Atlantic Ocean, Europe, Asia, the Arctic Ocean and North America. At this latitude the sun is visible for 24 hours, 0 minutes during the summer solstice and nautical twilight during the winter solstice. Starting at the Prime Meridian and heading eastwards, the parallel 73° north passes through: Between 1776 and 1950, the 73rd parallel formed the northern limit of the Royal Greenland Trade Department's exclusive monopoly on trade near the Dano-Norwegian and </s> Circle is divided among 8 countries: Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia, the United States (Alaska), Canada (Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut), Denmark (Greenland) and Iceland (where it passes through the small offshore island of Grímsey). The climate inside the Arctic Circle is generally cold, but the coastal areas of Norway have a generally mild climate as a result of the Gulf Stream, which makes the ports of northern Norway and northwest Russia ice-free all year long. In the interior, summers can be quite warm, while winters are extremely cold. For example, summer temperatures in Norilsk, Russia will sometimes reach as high | 1 | where does the arctic circle start in canada | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1397
],
"text": [
"the short loin"
]
} | Udder An udder is an organ formed of the mammary glands of dairy breeds of cattle and female four-legged mammals, particularly ruminants such as goats, sheep and deer. It is equivalent to the breast in primates. The udder is a single mass hanging beneath the animal, consisting of pairs of mammary glands with protruding teats. In cattle there are normally two pairs, in sheep, goats and deer there is one pair, and in some animals such as pigs there are many pairs. In animals with udders, the mammary glands develop on the milk line near the groin, and mammary glands </s> shallow dish. Patella The patella, also known as the kneecap, is a thick, circular-triangular bone which articulates with the femur (thigh bone) and covers and protects the anterior articular surface of the knee joint. The patella is found in many tetrapods, such as mice, cats and birds, but not in whales, or most reptiles. In humans, the patella is the largest sesamoid bone in the body. Babies are born with a patella of soft cartilage which begins to ossify into bone at about three years of age. The patella is a sesamoid bone roughly triangular in shape, with the apex </s> meat, but from a calf, is used for "Cotoletta alla milanese", which consists of 1.5 cm-thick cuts which are battered in breadcrumbs and fried in clarified butter with salt. T-bone steak The T-bone and porterhouse are steaks of beef cut from the short loin (called the sirloin in Commonwealth countries and Ireland). Both steaks include a "T"-shaped bone with meat on each side. Porterhouse steaks are cut from the rear end of the short loin and thus include more tenderloin steak, along with (on the other side of the bone) a large strip steak. T-bone steaks are cut closer to | 1 | where is the t bone located on a cow | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1234
],
"text": [
"Tod"
]
} | the authorities. Their worries are confirmed when the Coachman reveals the reason for his plan, along with his face changing to include more sinister features, frightening the two into agreement. Apart from his three hiccups, Gideon is mute. Though portrayed as scoundrels, they never go as far as attempting to murder Pinocchio, although Honest John suggests strongly to the Coachman that they will if that's the proposed job. The subplot of the Field of Miracles is absent. The villains' ultimate fate is that they are arrested by the police when they encounter Pinocchio a third time in some way, but </s> The Fox and the Woodman The Fox and the Woodman is a cautionary story against hypocrisy included among Aesop's Fables and is numbered 22 in the Perry Index. Although the same basic plot recurs, different versions have included a variety of participants. There are both Greek and Latin sources for the fable. They tell of a hunted animal that asks a man to hide it. When the hunters enquire if he has seen their quarry, he says he has not but indicates the hiding place by pointing to it or looking at it. The hunters take him at his word, </s> waterfall-created lake. When Slade appears, Copper positions himself in front of Tod to prevent Slade from shooting him, refusing to move away. Slade lowers his gun and leaves with Copper. Tod and Copper share one last smile before parting. At home, Tweed nurses Slade back to health while the dogs rest. Copper, before resting, smiles as he remembers the day when he first met Tod. On a hill, Vixey joins Tod as they look down on the homes of Slade and Tweed. Wolfgang Reitherman read the original novel and found it particularly touching because one of his sons had once | 1 | what is the fox 's name on fox and the hound | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1217
],
"text": [
"Numerous canal barges"
]
} | Senecaville Lake Senecaville Lake is a reservoir in Guernsey and Noble Counties, Ohio. It is located approximately southeast of Cambridge near the village of Senecaville, Ohio. The lake is popular among recreation and fishing enthusiasts. It is often referred to locally as Seneca Lake. Senecaville Dam was built in 1937 by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers as part of the Muskingum Watershed Conservancy District's flood control and water conservation project. The Seneca Fork of Wills Creek valley was dammed to create a flood control and water conservation reservoir. The reservoir presently forms a conservation pool for flood control, recreation, </s> lands in this area were granted to veterans of the army in payment for their military service. A slow stream of European-American settlers began to arrive circa 1790. Initially the settlers were without a market nearby or a way to get their crops to market. The settlers' isolation ended in 1825 with the opening of the Erie Canal. The canal linked the Finger Lakes Region to the outside world. Steamships, barges and ferries quickly became Seneca Lake's ambassadors of commerce and trade. The former, short Crooked Lake Canal linked Seneca Lake to Keuka Lake. Numerous canal barges sank during operations </s> From 1801 to 1846 the entire region was sold to individual owners from the Holland Land office in Batavia, New York. The river demarcates the "Genesee Country" of New York to the west and the Finger Lakes geographic region, and heartland of the Iroquois to the east. On Friday, November 13, 1829 (Friday the 13th), the daredevil Sam Patch jumped to his death before 8,000 spectators at the . In 1836 the Genesee Valley Canal was begun to build a new canal from the Erie Canal near Rochester, up the Genesee Valley, across to the Allegheny River at Olean. Construction | 1 | what is at the bottom of seneca lake | None |
{
"answer_start": [
425
],
"text": [
"Parthians"
]
} | who had been a hostage at the court of the Kushan Empire, offered blue (or green) gems originating from "Haixi" as gifts to the Eastern Han court. Fan Ye, the editor of the "Book of the Later Han", wrote that former generations of Chinese had never reached these far western regions, but that the report of Gan Ying revealed to the Chinese their lands, customs and products. The "Book of the Later Han" also asserts that the Parthians (Chinese: 安息; "Anxi") wished "to control the trade in multi-coloured Chinese silks" and therefore intentionally blocked the Romans from reaching China. It </s> group of people claiming to be an ambassadorial mission of Romans to China was recorded as having arrived in 166 AD by the "Book of the Later Han". The embassy came to Emperor Huan of Han China from "Andun" (; Emperor Antoninus Pius or Marcus Aurelius Antoninus), "king of Daqin" (Rome). As Antoninus Pius died in 161 AD, leaving the empire to his adoptive son Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, and the envoy arrived in 166 AD, confusion remains about who sent the mission, as both emperors were named "Antoninus". The Roman mission came from the south (therefore probably by sea), entering </s> the Yuan dynasty led by Mongol ruler Kublai Khan (r. 1260–1294 AD) conquered the Southern Song Dynasty. Detailed geographical information about the Roman Empire, at least its easternmost territories, is provided in traditional Chinese historiography. The "Shiji" by Sima Qian (c. 145–86 BC) gives descriptions of countries in Central Asia and West Asia. These accounts became significantly more nuanced in the "Book of Han", co-authored by Ban Gu and his sister Ban Zhao, younger siblings of the general Ban Chao, who led military exploits into Central Asia before returning to China in 102 AD. The westernmost territories of Asia as | 1 | who prevented the romans from sending embassies to the chinese | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1469
],
"text": [
"Spartacus"
]
} | blue uniform, gave him a peaked cap, and used him as a guard to the door of his study; Bazna excluded visitors when Sir Hughe was thinking or napping. For ceremonial occasions, Sir Hughe dressed him in richly embroidered brocade, shoes with turned up toes, a fez with a tassel, gave him an immense scimitar, and placed him on the main door. Sir Hughe also paid him more than the 100 Turkish "lira" that was standard for a valet, and quietly turned a blind eye to the fact that Bazna was having an affair with Lady Knatchbull-Hugessen's handmaiden in the </s> Sir Edgar. Char invites Ella to visit the palace's Hall of Records and find Lucinda faster. But Edgar's talking snake, Heston, the royal advisor, is spying on them. At the palace, Heston tells Edgar about Ella's obedience, which Hattie confirms when Edgar offers her Char's hand in marriage. Knowing that Char intends to marry Ella, Edgar orders her to kill him when he proposes, and keep the plan a secret. Edgar also reveals that he murdered Char's father. To save Char, Ella writes him a letter, saying she is leaving permanently and cannot explain why, which breaks his heart. She </s> When Albert realizes his plan won't fool anyone, he takes offense and locks himself in his room. The Keeleys arrive at the Goldmans (who are calling themselves "Coleman" for the evening to hide their Jewish heritage) redecorated apartment; they are greeted by Agador, who is passing himself off as a Greek butler named "Spartacus" for the night. Unfortunately, Katherine gets caught in traffic, and the Keeleys begin wondering where "Mrs. Coleman" is. Suddenly, Albert enters, dressed and styled as a conservative middle-aged woman. Armand, Val, and Barbara are nervous, but Kevin and Louise are tricked by the disguise. Despite the | 1 | what was the phony name that armand and val called their maid agadore during the senator 's visit | None |
{
"answer_start": [
336
],
"text": [
"18"
]
} | 2) Intentionally engages in sexual intercourse with another person, and the victim has not yet reached that victim's eighteenth birthday, and the person is 30 years of age or older, except that such intercourse shall not be unlawful if the victim and person are married at the time of such intercourse. The age of consent in Florida is 18, but close-in-age exemptions exist. By law, the exception permits a person 23 years of age or younger to engage in legal sexual activity with a minor aged 16 or 17. 794.05 Unlawful sexual activity with certain minors.-- (1) A person 24 </s> from the ordinary sight of another person." Unlicensed concealed carry is allowed during a mandatory evacuation as a result of a state of emergency. As of 2018, some school employees may choose to receive special training in order to carry a firearm at school. Open carry when on foot in a public area is generally illegal, but is permitted in certain circumstances, as defined by Florida statute 790.25(3). For example, open carry is permitted while hunting, fishing, camping, gun shows, or while target shooting at a gun range, and while going to and from such activities. The open carry ban </s> and Kercher wrote that there had been "large inconsistencies" among the decisions of prosecution and sentencing of these cases, and there had been accusations that minority males who have sex with minority women resulting in pregnancy or who have sex with white women have faced the brunt of enforcement. The age of consent in Alabama is 16. From by articles of the Code of Alabama: 13A-6-70: 13A-6-67: 13A-6-62: 13A-6-64: The State Legislature passed "Act 2010-497" making it a crime for any school employee to have any sexual relations with a student under the age of 19. A school employee includes | 1 | how old do you have to be to smoke in florida | None |
{
"answer_start": [
688
],
"text": [
"Alabama"
]
} | consists of 14 members: Charlotte, FIU, Florida Atlantic, Louisiana Tech, Marshall, Middle Tennessee, North Texas, Old Dominion, Rice, Southern Miss, UAB, UTEP, UTSA, and Western Kentucky; and is split up into the East and West divisions. West champion Louisiana Tech played at East champion Western Kentucky's Houchens Industries-L. T. Smith Stadium for the Conference USA Championship on December 3, which Western Kentucky won 58–44. UAB continued to undergo reinstatement of its football program during the 2016 season and will begin play for the 2017 season. Western Kentucky entered the season as defending Conference USA champions, defeating Southern Miss in the </s> and the No. 2 Alabama Crimson Tide, who shut out the No. 3 Michigan State Spartans 38–0 at the Cotton Bowl Classic, coached by Nick Saban. The 13–1 Alabama Crimson Tide won the game, holding off the undefeated Clemson Tigers 45–40 in the fourth quarter. Accompanied by a talented receiving corps, Clemson's Heisman Finalist quarterback Deshaun Watson had a historic performance, setting the record for most total yards in national championship game history, with 478 yards (405 passing / 73 rushing) against the nation's third-ranked defense in Alabama, breaking the record previously set by Vince Young in the 2006 Rose </s> bowl games, with two teams advancing to a 41st – the CFP National Championship game. As in previous seasons, teams with losing records could become bowl eligible in order to fill all 80 slots. Total : 80 Total : 48 Note: Teams with Asterisk(*) qualified for bowls based on Academic Progress Rate, despite not having a bowl eligible record. Since the 2014–15 postseason, six College Football Playoff (CFP) bowl games have hosted two semifinal playoff games on a rotating basis. For the 2016 season, the Fiesta Bowl and the Peach Bowl hosted the semifinal games, with the winners advancing to | 1 | who won the national championship college football 2016 | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1721
],
"text": [
"Paper Company"
]
} | sometimes sleeps in them or works on crossword puzzles); eccentric quality assurance representative Creed Bratton (Creed Bratton); the shy and matronly saleswoman Phyllis Lapin (Phyllis Smith), who marries Bob Vance (Robert R. Shafer) from Vance Refrigeration across the hall from the office; Andy Bernard (Ed Helms), a salesman introduced in season three after the closing of the Stamford, Connecticut, branch of Dunder Mifflin and the merging of the two; the bubbly and talkative customer service representative Kelly Kapoor (Mindy Kaling); the promiscuous alcoholic supply relations representative Meredith Palmer (Kate Flannery); human resources representative Toby Flenderson (Paul Lieberstein), who is hated </s> through the season during an intimate dinner party with Pam and Jim, Andy and Angela. After Dwight's crude (though well-intentioned) method of euthanasia of Angela's ailing cat without her permission, she leaves him for Andy, leading Dwight into depression. Ryan, in his new corporate life in New York City, attempts to modernize Dunder Mifflin with a new website for online sales; he also learns that his boss, David Wallace, favors Jim, and thus Ryan attempts to sabotage Jim's career. Ryan is soon arrested and fired for misleading the shareholders and committing fraud related to the website's sales numbers. Toby announces </s> who for the first two seasons is a temporary worker but is promoted to sales representative in the third season. He later ascends to the position of vice president, North East Region and director of new media until his treachery was exposed for corporate fraud and he was fired. After this, he gets a job in a bowling alley and then briefly works for the Michael Scott Paper Company. After all this, and a stint in rehab, he eventually ends up again as the temporary worker at the Scranton branch. The accounting department features Angela Martin (Angela Kinsey), an uptight | 1 | what kind of office is the show the office about | None |
{
"answer_start": [
777
],
"text": [
"Rob Riggle"
]
} | Daniel Davis Daniel Davis (born November 26, 1945) is an American stage, screen, and television actor. Davis is best known for portraying Niles the butler on the sitcom, "The Nanny" (1993 to 1999), and for his two guest appearances as Professor Moriarty on "", affecting an upper class English accent for both roles. He voices the intelligent Cro-Magnon, Longhair, from the Longhair and Doubledome cartoon shorts from Cartoon Network's Big Pick. In 2016, Davis played Selsdon Mowbray in the Roundabout Theatre revival of "Noises Off" at the American Airlines Theatre in New York City. The production opened on January 14 </s> as the Once-ler and Zac Efron as Ted. New characters introduced in the film are Audrey, Ted's love interest (voiced by Taylor Swift), Aloysius O'Hare (Rob Riggle), Mrs. Wiggins, Ted's mother (Jenny Slate), and Grammy Norma, Ted's grandmother (Betty White). The film received mixed reviews from critics, but it was a box office success, grossing $348.8 million worldwide based on a $70 million budget. Ted Wiggins (Zac Efron) is a 12-year-old boy, who lives in Thneedville, a walled city that, aside from the human citizens, is completely artificial; everything is made of plastic, metal, or synthetics with no living plants. </s> Tim Curry Timothy James Curry (born 19 April 1946) is an English actor and singer. He is best known for working in a diverse range of theatre, film, and television, most often portraying villainous characters. Curry rose to prominence with his portrayal of Dr. Frank-N-Furter in "The Rocky Horror Picture Show" (1975), reprising the role he had originated in the 1973 London and 1974 Los Angeles stage productions of "The Rocky Horror Show". His other stage work includes various roles in the original West End production of "Hair", Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in the 1980 Broadway production of "Amadeus", the Pirate | 1 | who does the voice of mr o'hare in the lorax | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1233
],
"text": [
"Angelica Hale"
]
} | will have the option to use their golden buzzer on any act. An act that receives the golden buzzer during the Judge Cuts round will not face elimination and will advance automatically to the live shows. In the first week of the Judge Cuts Ken Jeong pressed his golden buzzer for the Voices of Hope Children's Choir. In week 2, Olivia Munn pressed her Golden Buzzer for Angel City Chorale. In the third week, Martina McBride pressed her Golden Buzzer for Quin and Misha, a ballroom dance duo. Chris Hardwick gave the season’s final Golden Buzzer for Flau’jae, a 14-year </s> the 2016 Summer Olympics broadcast schedule on NBC, the show took a hiatus from August 9–17. Dunkin' Donuts sponsored the show for a second season, and this season again featured the golden buzzer for each judge and Cannon. Four guest judges joined the panel for the judge's cuts: George Lopez, Reba McEntire, Ne-Yo, and Louis Tomlinson. Each judge was given a golden buzzer. Grace VanderWaal was announced as the winner on September 14, 2016, making her the second female act and the second child act to win the show since season 1. Mentalist duo, The Clairvoyants, placed second, marking the </s> the top five, and then to the top two finalists, Farmer and Angelica Hale. Host Tyra Banks then announced Farmer was the winner of the season, having received the most votes out of the 52 million votes cast. With the win, Farmer received the $1 million prize and a headline gig at Planet Hollywood in Las Vegas, originally set for November 3 and 4 but two additional shows were added on November 2 and 5 after the first two dates sold out. The Las Vegas shows also featured Angelica Hale, Preacher Lawson and Light Balance. Farmer was a guest on | 1 | who got second on americas got talent 2017 | None |
{
"answer_start": [
752
],
"text": [
"Talmud"
]
} | a basic, structured list of the central works of Jewish practice and thought. Many traditional Jewish texts are available online in various Torah databases (electronic versions of the Traditional Jewish Bookshelf). Many of these have advanced search options available. The basis of Jewish law and tradition (halakha) is the Torah (also known as the Pentateuch or the Five Books of Moses). According to rabbinic tradition, there are 613 commandments in the Torah. Some of these laws are directed only to men or to women, some only to the ancient priestly groups, the Kohanim and Leviyim (members of the tribe of </s> of being forgotten, these oral laws were recorded by Rabbi Judah HaNasi (Judah the Prince) in the Mishnah, redacted "circa" 200 CE. The Talmud was a compilation of both the Mishnah and the Gemara, rabbinic commentaries redacted over the next three centuries. The Gemara originated in two major centers of Jewish scholarship, Palestine and Babylonia. Correspondingly, two bodies of analysis developed, and two works of Talmud were created. The older compilation is called the Jerusalem Talmud. It was compiled sometime during the 4th century in Palestine. The Babylonian Talmud was compiled from discussions in the houses of study by the </s> manuscript form have been published in print, including those denominated as smaller or minor midrashim. Bernard H. Mehlman and Seth M. Limmer deprecate this usage on the grounds that the term "minor" seems judgmental and "small" is inappropriate for midrashim some of which are lengthy. They propose instead the term "medieval midrashim", since the period of their production extended from the twilight of the rabbinic age to the dawn of the Age of Enlightenment. Generally speaking, rabbinic midrashim either focus on religious law and practice ("halakha") or interpret biblical narrative in relation to non-legal ethics or theology, creating homilies and | 1 | what is the primary literary work of judaism | None |
{
"answer_start": [
199
],
"text": [
"red panda"
]
} | anthropomorphic animals, Po the giant panda is a kung fu fanatic who idolizes the Furious Five – Tigress, Monkey, Mantis, Viper, and Crane – a quintet of kung fu students trained by Master Shifu the red panda. However, Po is unable to pursue his dream of learning kung fu as he helps his adoptive father, Mr. Ping the goose, in his noodle restaurant. Grand Master Oogway, an old tortoise and Shifu's mentor, has a vision that Shifu's former student, the evil snow leopard Tai Lung, will escape from prison and return to the valley to exact his revenge for being </s> PlayStation 2, Nintendo DS and PC platforms. The plot follows the same basic plot as the film, but with Tai Lung portrayed as the leader of various gangs that surround the Valley of Peace, which Po, who possesses some basic martial art skills which can be upgraded as the game progresses, must defeat. The game was released on Microsoft Windows, as well as multiple consoles. However the Windows version has been discontinued. The game received mostly positive reviews; it scored a Metacritic rating of 76% from critics and a 7.5 out of 10 from IGN. In 2009, it won the </s> with Master Shifu after being chosen. Shifu receives word from Zheng, his messenger, that Tai Lung escaped from prison and is coming for the Dragon Scroll, the key to ultimate power. Po, after napping inside the Palace, stops the Black Hoof Boar Clan from stealing treasures. Following that, Po and Master Crane are sent to Lotus Lake and find that the Golden Croc Gang have taken over and are demanding the villagers give up their egg hatchlings. Po rescues the eggs and the leader's grandchild after Crane saves him from the sergeant in a fierce chase. Po and Shifu then | 1 | which animal is featured as master shifu in computer animated film kung fu panda | None |
{
"answer_start": [
191
],
"text": [
"2007"
]
} | occasionally published printed magazine specials on noteworthy events, under the tvguide.ca imprint. These specials included a special tribute to Princess Diana (which was released on May 6, 2007); a special issue to celebrate the 10th anniversary of Food Network Canada (which was released on October 4, 2010); and a Prince William - Catherine royal visit special, released in the fall of 2011. In December 2012, tvguide.ca was replaced with The Loop, Sympatico's lifestyle and entertainment portal, which incorporated TV Guide's television news and listings. "TV Guide" owner Transcontinental Media discontinued "TV Guide"s online editorial content on July 2, 2014, ceasing </s> of the allegations had been proven in court to that date. The senior officers of Canada Bread, since 23 May 2014 a Grupo Bimbo subsidiary, and Weston Foods, now a sister company to Loblaws under parent George Weston Limited, colluded to boost bread prices, and later strong-armed retailers to increase their prices in tandem. The two named companies became aware of the investigation on 31 October 2017, and decided to co-operate with investigators in December in exchange for receiving immunity from prosecution. A statement issued by Canada Bread noted that the George Weston and Loblaw informants admitted to inappropriate conduct </s> Chopped Canada Chopped Canada is a Canadian reality cooking television series based on the US series "Chopped". The program pits four chefs against each other as they compete to win $10,000 and the title of Chopped Canada Champion. It first aired on January 2, 2014 and last aired on February 11, 2017. In May 2017, the show's producers announced that Food Network Canada had cancelled the show. In each episode, four chefs go head to head and compete to create a delicious three course meal. The competition is divided into three rounds: "Appetizer", "Entrée", and "Dessert". In each round, the | 1 | when was canada 's food guide last updated | None |
{
"answer_start": [
53
],
"text": [
"Gavin DeGraw"
]
} | I Don't Want to Be "I Don't Want to Be" is a song by Gavin DeGraw appearing on his 2003 debut album, "Chariot". It was released as a single in Australia in 2003, and in the UK in 2004. The single became DeGraw's biggest hit to date, mainly due to the premiere of "One Tree Hill", of which the song is the opening theme; peaking at number ten in the U.S. in January 2005. The song was certified 2x Platinum, having sold over 2,000,000 paid downloads. It is also DeGraw's only single to break the UK Top 40. On May </s> in common time at a tempo of 120 beats per minute. The song begins with a highlife-influenced riff by the Edge on guitar, which repeats in the background throughout the song. Percussion from drummer Larry Mullen, Jr. enters after two seconds. At 0:07, a second guitar enters. At 0:15, Clayton's bass and Mullen's drums enter, and at 0:31, the verse chord progression of C–F–B–F–C is introduced. The first verse begins at 0:47. At 1:32, the song moves to the chorus, switching to a C–B–F–C chord progression. The second verse then begins at 1:49, and after the second chorus, a brief </s> with the Stars". She was partnered with professional partner Gleb Savchenko. Kramer and Savchenko reached the finals of the show and finished in 4th place. Jana Kramer Jana Rae Kramer (born December 2, 1983) is an American actress and country music singer. She is known for her role as Alex Dupre on the television series "One Tree Hill". Kramer began her musical career in 2012, and has released a total of two albums: "Jana Kramer" in 2012, and "Thirty One" three years later. These albums have produced seven charted singles for her on Hot Country Songs and Country Airplay, including | 1 | who sings the theme song to one tree hill | None |
{
"answer_start": [
886
],
"text": [
"August 2007"
]
} | of 18 June 1970 resulted in a change of government and four months later, on 27 October 1970, following an anti-metrication motion being tabled calling on the new government not to continue with the previous government's metrication commitments, the government announced that a White Paper would be produced to examine the cost, savings, advantages and disadvantages of a change to the metric system. During the debate when the announcement was made, Conservative MPs complained that metrication was being introduced by stealth. The White Paper was published in February 1972, and it set out the case for metrication and refuted the </s> plan (in May 2009), technological uncertainties in terms of system communication, alleged supply problems of certified meters that were available only in June 2010 and ongoing negotiations with the regulators about the level of cost acceptance. In August 2007, the UK Government held a consultation on improving metering and information about power consumption. The consultation attached the necessary draft regulations and proposed that, from 2008, domestic customers should provide comparative historical consumption data and electricity suppliers should provide a real-time display unit within time limits. For business customers, it was proposed that gas and electricity suppliers should install smart meters </s> that consumers have choice and control over how their energy consumption data is used, apart from where it is required for billing purposes. The 2015 manifesto of the Conservative government had implied a requirement for all consumers to have a smart meter by the end of 2020. The wording of the 2017 election manifesto was changed to promise only to "offer" one. After the Conservative Party gained the most seats of any party in 2017, it was explained that nothing had changed, the intention being to impose an obligation on suppliers but not on users, and that the government intended | 1 | when were smart meters introduced in the uk | None |
{
"answer_start": [
964
],
"text": [
"Indian River County"
]
} | the river and ocean floors. The abundance and importance of oysters ("Crassostrea virginica") is apparent in the many middens left by the Timucua in mounds many feet high. Oysters and other mollusks serve as the primary food source of shorebirds. The large trees that line the river from its source to south of Jacksonville begin to transition into salt marshes east of the city. Mayport is home to approximately 20 shrimping vessels that use the mouth of the St. Johns to access the Atlantic Ocean. Lying within a coastal plain, the St. Johns River passes through an area that was </s> people live within the various watersheds that feed into the St. Johns River. The St. Johns, named one of 14 American Heritage Rivers in 1998, was number 6 on a list of America's Ten Most Endangered Rivers in 2008. Restoration efforts are under way for the basins around the St. Johns as Florida continues to deal with population increases in the river's vicinity. Starting in Indian River County and meeting the Atlantic Ocean at Duval County, the St. Johns is Florida's primary commercial and recreational waterway. It flows north from its headwaters, originating in the direction of the Lake Wales </s> weeds, as the islands changed location with the creeping flow. Lakes Washington, Winder, and Poinsett— named for Joel Roberts Poinsett, a diplomat who brought the poinsettia to the United States— are located further along this stretch of the river. The northernmost points of the upper basin contain the Tosohatchee Wildlife Management Area, created in 1977 to assist with filtration of waters flowing into the larger St. Johns. Wetlands in the upper and middle basin are fed by rainwater, trapped by the structure of the surrounding land. It is an oxygen- and nutrient-poor environment; what grows usually does so in peat | 1 | where does the st. johns river begin and end | None |
{
"answer_start": [
880
],
"text": [
"Eddie McGee"
]
} | a friend, can't play in next HOH, second veto, bounty on your head, and eliminate two eviction votes. The HouseGuests were announced on Monday, June 19 at 6 AM PDT through the CBS website. Interviews with the cast were released at 8 AM PDT on CBS All Access. Jessica Graf and Cody Nickson took place in the 30th season of "The Amazing Race" in which they went on to win, earning them a distinction of being the first "Big Brother" alumni to win "The Amazing Race". Paul Abrahamian also appeared alongside Graf and Nickson when the three made a cameo </s> Big Brother 1 (U.S.) Big Brother 1 was the debut season of the American reality television series "Big Brother". It was based upon the Netherlands series of the same name, which gained notoriety in 1999 and 2000. The series premiered on July 5, 2000 and lasted for a total of 88 days. The season concluded after 88 days with Eddie McGee being crowned the winner, and Josh Souza the runner-up. The premise of the series drastically differed from future installments of the series. The series revolved around ten strangers living in a house together with no communication with the outside </s> to practice making a set of dominoes fall down in a single session. They had to set up 12,100 dominoes to form the series logo and then make them all fall by knocking only one domino over. The group passed this task, which they wagered 20% on. The HouseGuests later held a fake trial dealing with the issue of flag burning, with Karen as the judge, Jordan being on trial, Brittany being a witness, Curtis and Cassandra as lawyers, and the other HouseGuests as members of the jury. On Day 22, HouseGuests participated in the second round of nominations. Curtis | 1 | who won the 1st season of big brother | None |
{
"answer_start": [
222
],
"text": [
"Schenck v. United States"
]
} | Criminal Syndicalism statute, overruled "Whitney v. California", and articulated a new test – the "imminent lawless action" test – for judging what was then referred to as "seditious speech" under the First Amendment: In "Schenck v. United States" the Court had adopted a "clear and present danger" test that "Whitney v. California" subsequently expanded to a "bad tendency" test: if speech has a "tendency" to cause sedition or lawlessness, it may constitutionally be prohibited. "Dennis v. United States", a case dealing with prosecution of alleged Communists under the Smith Act for advocating the overthrow of the government, used the clear </s> Kent v. Dulles Kent v. Dulles, 357 U.S. 116 (1958), was a landmark United States Supreme Court case on the right to travel and passport restrictions as they relate to First Amendment free speech rights. It was the first case in which the U.S. Supreme Court made a distinction between the constitutionally protected substantive due process "freedom of movement" and the "right to travel abroad" (subsequently characterized as "right to international travel". Rockwell Kent wanted to travel to England to attend a meeting of the World Council of Peace in Helsinki, Finland. He was denied a passport because he was </s> it suggested that "imminent danger"a more restrictive wording than "present danger"should be required before speech can be outlawed. After "Whitney", the bad tendency test continued to be used by the Court in cases such 1931's "Stromberg v. California", which held that a 1919 California statute banning red flags was unconstitutional. The clear and present danger test was invoked by the majority in the 1940 "Thornhill v. Alabama" decision in which a state antipicketing law was invalidated. Although the Court referred to the clear and present danger test in a few decisions following "Thornhill", the bad tendency test was not explicitly | 1 | supreme court case which established the clear-and-present danger test for restricting expression | None |
{
"answer_start": [
154
],
"text": [
"Roger Federer"
]
} | to be in the negative, for certain tour events, if their results weren't stellar. This issue gained the attention of the men's "Big Four"—Novak Djokovic, Roger Federer, Andy Murray, and Rafael Nadal—as well as the Championships. In 2013 total prize money was further increased by about 40% from 2012 to £22,560,000. The losers in the earlier singles rounds of the tournament saw a highest 62% increase in their pay while the total prize money of the doubles increased by 22%. The prize money for participants of the qualifying matches saw an increase of 41%. Sergiy Stakhovsky, a member of the </s> Barrett, Bud Collins, Barry Lorge and Judith Elian) ranked Arthur Ashe as the No. 1 in the world while his ATP ranking was only 4th; in 1977, no one, except the ATP ranking, considered that Connors was the best player in the world, and everyone thought that Borg and Vilas were the top two tennis players; and in 1978 everyone and, in particular, the ITF recognized that the Swede was the World Champion. In 1982 and in 1989, respectively, Connors and Becker, both winners of Wimbledon and the US Open, were considered as World Champions even though the ATP ranked </s> the somewhat surprising fact that the very existence of the 1936 and 1938 Wembley tournament is in question. Two sources, Collins and McCauley, give results for the Wembley tournament in each year. Bowers, however, is adamant that neither took place and offers some evidence to support his view. Another example is 1947. Collins says that Riggs beat Budge in a tour; McCauley says that there was no long tour, only a short one between Riggs and Frank Kovacs. Tom LeCompte says that there was a small tour with Riggs overcoming Budge 12–6 followed by the short Riggs-Kovacs tour (4–3, but | 1 | who has won the most mens wimbledon titles | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1003
],
"text": [
"A toolbar interface"
]
} | cannot be acquired due to the ambiguity of prior art. Staniek notes that the ribbon concept has historically appeared extensively as "tabbed toolbars" in applications such as Sausage Software's HotDog, Macromedia HomeSite, Dreamweaver and Borland Delphi. Lotus developed early ribbon UIs for its product eSuite. Screen shots are still available in an IBM redbook about eSuite (page 109ff). On February 13th 2018, a jury from the Northern District of California found that Corel Corporation had infringed on several Microsoft's Ribbon Design Patents and Ribbon Utility Patents regarding the Fluent UI. Ribbon (computing) In computer interface design, a ribbon is a </s> 1990s in productivity software such as Microsoft Word and WordStar as an alternative term for toolbar: It was defined as a portion of a graphical user interface consisting of a horizontal row of graphical control elements (e.g., including heterogeneously-sized buttons and drop-down lists bearing icons), typically user-configurable. A toolbar interface, called the "ribbon", has been a feature of Microsoft Word from the early DOS-based Word 5.5 (ca. 1990) and the first Windows-based versions (activated by the "View | Ribbon" menu option), for which early advertising referred to the use of "the Ribbon to replace an endless string of commands to </s> Multiline optical-character reader A multiline optical-character reader, or MLOCR, is a type of mail sorting machine that uses optical character recognition (OCR) technology to determine how to route mail through the postal system. MLOCRs work by capturing images of the front of letter-sized mailpieces, and extracting the entire address from each piece. It looks up the postal code within each address in a master database, prints a barcode representing this information on the mailpiece, and performs an initial sort. All of this occurs in a fraction of a second as the mailpiece passes through the machine. After this point, mail | 1 | what is the function of ribbon in ms word | None |
{
"answer_start": [
67
],
"text": [
"Ghiberti"
]
} | but the doors were moved to the north side of the baptistery after Ghiberti completed his second commission, known as the "Gates of Paradise".) These north doors would serve as a votive offering to celebrate the sparing of Florence from relatively recent scourges such as the Black Death in 1348. Many artists competed for this commission and a jury selected seven semi-finalists. These finalists include Lorenzo Ghiberti, Filippo Brunelleschi, Donatello and Jacopo della Quercia, with 21-year-old Ghiberti winning the commission. At the time of judging, only Ghiberti and Brunelleschi were finalists, and when the judges could not decide, they were </s> various works within the basilica over several decades, it is to Bernini that is due the lion's share of responsibility for the final and enduring aesthetic appearance and emotional impact of St. Peter's. He was also allowed to continue to work on Urban VIII's tomb, despite Innocent's antipathy for the Barberini. A few months after completing Urban's tomb, Bernini won, in controversial circumstances, the Pamphilj commission for the prestigious Four Rivers Fountain on Piazza Navona, marking the end of his disgrace and the beginning a yet another glorious chapter in his life. If there had been doubts over Bernini's position </s> Andrea Pisano Andrea Pisano (Pontedera 12901348 Orvieto) also known as Andrea da Pontedera, was an Italian sculptor and architect. Pisano first learned the trade of a goldsmith. Pisano then became a pupil of Mino di Giovanni, about 1300, and worked with him on the sculpture for S. Maria della Spina at Pisa and elsewhere. He made his chief works in Florence, and the formation of his mature style was due rather to Giotto di Bondone than to his earlier master. Of the three world-famed bronze doors of the Baptistery in Florence, the earliest one on the south side was Pisano's | 1 | who won the 1401 competition to design the doors for the florence baptistery | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1247
],
"text": [
"July 2010"
]
} | and generated hit singles including "What Makes You Beautiful", "Live While We're Young", "Best Song Ever", "Story of My Life" and "Drag Me Down". The group has received numerous accolades including seven Brit Awards, four MTV Video Music Awards, six "Billboard" Music Awards, seven American Music Awards (including Artist of the Year in 2014 and 2015), and 28 Teen Choice Awards. In 2013, they earned an estimated $75 million becoming the second highest earning celebrity under 30 according to "Forbes". The International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI) honoured them as the Global Recording Artist of 2013. "Forbes" ranked them </s> at the time. One Direction's third studio album, 2013's "Midnight Memories", was a commercial success as well. Its number one debut on "Billboard" 200 made One Direction the first band in history to have their first three albums all debut atop the "Billboard" 200. With their fourth album, 2014's "Four", they extended the record to four consecutive number-one albums. As of March 2015, the band has sold 6.49 million albums and 23.7 million singles in the United States. The group has sold more than 50 million records globally. Malik quit the band on 25 March 2015, citing his desire to </s> in July 2010, during the "bootcamp" stage of the competition, thus qualifying for the "Groups" category. Nicole Scherzinger, a guest judge, and Simon Cowell have both claimed to have come up with the idea of forming the band. In 2013, Cowell said that it "took him 10 minutes to put them together as a group". Subsequently, the group got together for two weeks to get to know each other and to practice. Styles came up with the name One Direction. For their qualifying song at "judges' houses", and their first song as a group, One Direction sang an acoustic version | 1 | what time did one direction became a band | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1497
],
"text": [
"1923 December 21"
]
} | Thailand–United Kingdom relations Bilateral relations between Thailand and the United Kingdom date to the 17th century. Thailand has an embassy in London and the UK has an embassy in Bangkok. In 1608, an English captain William Keeling met an ambassador of King Ekathotsarot of Siam in Bantam (city). During the 17th century the English East India Company first arrived and established factories in the Ayutthaya Kingdom. In 1612, British merchants delivered a letter from King James I to King Ekathotsarot in regards to trade and establishing relations. The British merchants were welcomed warmly by the King. Later, in the 19th </s> South Korea–United Kingdom relations The relationship between the Republic of Korea and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland spans from the 19th century to the present day. Although the Republic of Korea gives 18 January 1949 as the date of the establishment of formal relations with the United Kingdom, diplomatic ties go back to 1883. British military participation in the Korean War during the 1950s was significant, but relations between the two countries at the time were described as "tenuous", with relatively little known about each other. Commercial and trade relationships grew rapidly during the 1970s. During </s> Nepal–Britain Treaty of 1923 The Nepal–Britain Treaty of 1923 is considered to be one of the most important treaties in the History of Nepal. The treaty was first discussed in 1921 and the final treaty was signed in 1923 December 21 in Singha Durbar. The treaty was the first formal acknowledgement by the British that Nepal as an independent nation had the right to conduct its foreign policy in anyway it seems fit and is considered to be “A great achievement of 25 years of Chandra Shumsher's diplomacy”. The treaty was recorded in 1925 in the League of Nations. While | 1 | when did nepal established diplomatic relation with britain | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1267
],
"text": [
"Air Supply"
]
} | reached a peak of #29 on the Billboard Top Country Albums chart in 1988. The album was not as successful as had been her two previous releases particularly because Neo-Traditional country music was beginning to become popular in country music, ending the popularity of country pop that Osmond had recorded. All in Love All in Love is the seventh solo studio album release by American country music singer, Marie Osmond. It was her third album release for Curb/Capitol records and was issued in 1988. Like Osmond's two previous albums for Curb/Capitol, "All in Love" consists of country pop-styled tracks. It </s> Love Is All (Roger Glover song) Love Is All is a 1975 pop song, credited to Roger Glover & Friends in the credits, but in reality sung by Ronnie James Dio. It was featured on Glover's solo album "The Butterfly Ball and the Grasshopper's Feast" and was a number one-hit in the Netherlands and Belgium. The song was notable for its music video, which featured an animated cartoon starring a guitar-playing frog. In 1973 Roger Glover left Deep Purple because of work pressure and tensions between him and Ritchie Blackmore. Together with Jon Lord he worked on a solo project. </s> All Out of Love "All Out of Love" is a song by the Australian soft rock duo Air Supply, released in 1980 from their fifth studio album "Lost in Love". The song was written by Graham Russell & Clive Davis. In the United States, it reached number two on the Hot 100 (blocked from the top spot by both "Upside Down" by Diana Ross and "Another One Bites the Dust" by Queen) and number 5 on the Adult Contemporary chart. In the UK, the song went to number 11 and is their only Top 40 hit in that country. It | 1 | who sings i 'm all out of love | None |
{
"answer_start": [
781
],
"text": [
"Robbie Robertson"
]
} | their actions, "met their Waterloo" – Adam (who ate the "apple"), Napoleon (at the namesake battle), and Tom Dooley (who was hanged for murder). Waterloo (Stonewall Jackson song) "Waterloo" was a number-one hit for country singer Stonewall Jackson in 1959. It was written by John D. Loudermilk and Marijohn Wilkin. The single was the most successful of Jackson's career, spending five weeks at number one on the U.S. country music chart. The B-side of "Waterloo", "Smoke Along the Track", reached number 24 on the country chart. "Waterloo" was also Jackson's only Top 40 hit, where it stayed on the chart </s> He is buried in the Bentley Cemetery in Lakewood, New York. Stoneman's raids into North Carolina and Virginia in the last weeks of the war were memorialized by songwriter Robbie Robertson of The Band, in the 1969 rock and roll song "The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down" Stoneman is not mentioned in the 1971 recording of the song by Joan Baez, in which she substitutes "so much cavalry" for "Stoneman's cavalry". Baez told Kurt Loder of "Rolling Stone" magazine that she had learned the song by listening to the track on The Band's album. Having never seen the printed </s> Sixties. The song is included in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's "500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll" and "Time" magazine's All-Time 100. Ralph J. Gleason (in the review in "Rolling Stone" (U.S. edition only) of October 1969) explains why this song has such an impact on listeners:Nothing I have read … has brought home "the overwhelming human sense of history" that this song does. The only thing I can relate it to at all is "The Red Badge of Courage". It's a remarkable song, the rhythmic structure, the voice of Levon and the bass line with the | 1 | who wrote the night they drove ole dixie down | None |
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Haphephobia"
]
} | Haphephobia Haphephobia (also known as aphephobia, haphophobia, hapnophobia, haptephobia, haptophobia, thixophobia) is a rare specific phobia that involves the fear of touching or of being touched. This is often associated with a fear of sexual assault. reports that many boys who have been the victims of sexual abuse have a fear of being touched, quoting one victim who describes being touched as something that "burns like fire", causing him to freeze up or lash out. As with other phobias and anxiety conditions, haphephobia may come with anxiety and stress-related symptoms that vary among those that suffer from it. A non-exhaustive </s> Anosodiaphoria Anosodiaphoria is a condition in which a person who suffers disability due to brain injury seems indifferent to the existence of their handicap. Anosodiaphoria is specifically used in association with indifference to paralysis. It is a somatosensory agnosia, or a sign of neglect syndrome. It might be specifically associated with defective functioning of the frontal lobe of the right hemisphere. Joseph Babinski first used the term anosodiaphoria in 1914 to describe a disorder of the body schema in which patients verbally acknowledge a clinical problem (such as hemiparesis) but fail to be concerned about it. Anosodiaphoria follows a stage </s> recessive cats can develop extreme skin hyperextensibility, but do not suffer from joint hypermobility. Although feline cutaneous asthenia is not curable, there are treatment and management options for the disease. Affected animals must be kept away from others, and sharp corners on tables and other furniture must be padded. Cats should be declawed, so that they cannot injure themselves while scratching, and it is often advised that males be neutered, both because of the heritability of the disease and because there is a chance of injury during mating. If something causes the skin to tear, it should be sutured if | 1 | condition where you do n 't like to be touched | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1209
],
"text": [
"15 April 2018"
]
} | "Share the Dream". It was chosen to highlight the dreams and experience at the games that were shared by participants of the games, ranging from athletes to volunteers and the host country Australia to the world including the Commonwealth nations. The emblem was launched on 4 April 2013, which marked exactly five years until its opening ceremony. It was unveiled at the Southport Broadwater Parklands. It was designed by the New South Wales based brand consultancy WiteKite. The emblem of the 2018 Commonwealth Games was a silhouette of the skyline and landscape of Gold Coast, the host city of the </s> listed alphabetically by their three-letter country code. Australia tops the medal table rank with 80 gold, second England with 45 gold and third India with 26 gold. Host nation (Australia) </onlyinclude> Khumukcham Sanjita Chanu, the Weightlifting Women's 53 kg gold medallist for India subsequently failed an anti-doping test, but later her B sample found negative and she was handed over her medal back. 2018 Commonwealth Games medal table The 2018 Commonwealth Games (officially known as the XXI Commonwealth Games), were a multi-sport event held in Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, between 4 and 15 April 2018. 275 medal events were held </s> country's name. The closing ceremony was held at Carrara Stadium on Sunday 15 April and was produced by Jack Morton Worldwide at a cost of AU$30 million. Australian pop stars Guy Sebastian, Samantha Jade, Dami Im, Ricki Lee and The Veronicas were among the performers along with children's entertainers, The Wiggles. Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex, declared the Games closed and passed the Commonwealth Games flag to Birmingham, England which will host the 2022 Games. There were 71 nations competing at 2018 Commonwealth Games. Maldives were scheduled to participate, but in October 2016 they withdrew from the Commonwealth. The Gambia | 1 | when is closing ceremony for the commonwealth games 2018 | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1886
],
"text": [
"November 1988"
]
} | industry and was abandoned by the late 1970s. In April 1970, RCA announced the first quadraphonic 4-channel 8-track tape cartridges ("Quad-8", later called just Q8). RCA Records began releasing quadraphonic vinyl recordings in the United States in February 1973, in the CD-4 format developed by Japan Victor Corporation (JVC), and made commercially practical by Quadracast Systems Inc. (QSI). RCA's trade name became "Quadradisc". The CD-4 format required a special cartridge that had a ±1 db frequency response out to 50 kHz, a CD-4 demodulator which decoded the difference between the front and rear channels from a 30 kHz subcarrier, four </s> the largest in the consumer electronics market and the popularity of 8-track systems for cars helped generate demand for home units. "Boombox" type portable players were also popular but eight-track player/recorders failed to gain wide popularity and few manufacturers offered them except for manufacturer Tandy Corporation (for its Radio Shack electronics stores). With the availability of cartridge systems for the home, consumers started thinking of eight-tracks as a viable alternative to 33 rpm album style vinyl records, not only as a convenience for the car. Within a year, prerecorded releases on the eight-track tape format began to arrive within a </s> collectible because of the low numbers that were produced and the few customers who ever purchased them. Among the most rare is Stevie Ray Vaughan's "Texas Flood". Another is Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band's "Live/1975-85", which was one of the very few boxed sets to be released on vinyl, cassette, compact disc, and eight-track tape. There is a debate among collectors about the last commercial eight-track released by a major label, but the fan/enthusiast internet website "8 Track Heaven" cannot find a major label release past Fleetwood Mac's "Greatest Hits" in November 1988. Radio Shack (Tandy Corporation) continued | 1 | when did 8 track tapes stop being produced | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1308
],
"text": [
"Eric"
]
} | in a car chase. Steve crashes his car and passes Louise to Phil before the car explodes. While Sharon is babysitting her, Louise stops breathing, although Sharon does not realise as Phil has switched the baby monitor off. At the hospital, it emerges that Louise has an infection and is rushed to intenstive care, prompting Lisa to decide to tell Phil that he is Louise's father. Before she has the opportunity, Sharon tells Phil the truth; he persuades Lisa to reconcile with him, but it becomes apparent that Phil and his mother, Peggy Mitchell (Barbara Windsor), want custody of Louise. </s> Leaming, however, who has overheard him, enters the office and shoots him with Cordelia's gun. Miss Leaming confesses to Cordelia that she was Mark's true mother but was prevented from telling him by Sir Ronald. Lady Callender had been infertile and died shortly after Mark's birth. Sir Ronald had murdered Mark when he was close to discovering the truth, so as not to lose his wife's fortune. Cordelia sympathises with Miss Leaming and the two rearrange the crime scene to look like yet another suicide. The case, however, is referred to Chief Superintendent Adam Dalgliesh, who had originally commanded Bernie </s> young man" who had made Eva pregnant should give a "public confession, accepting all the blame". Eric enters the room, and after brief questioning from Goole, he breaks down, admitting that he drunkenly raped Eva before meeting with her several times later and then stole £50 (equivalent to several thousand of today's pounds) from his father's business to help her when she became pregnant. When Eva realized that the money had been stolen, she refused it. Arthur and Sybil are outraged by Eric's actions, and the evening dissolves into angry recriminations. Goole's questioning revealed that each member of the family | 1 | who made eva smith pregnant in inspector calls | None |
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"General Sherman"
]
} | General Sherman (tree) General Sherman is a giant sequoia ("Sequoiadendron giganteum") tree located in the Giant Forest of Sequoia National Park in Tulare County, in the U.S. state of California. By volume, it is the largest known living single-stem tree on Earth. While the General Sherman is the largest currently living tree, it is not the largest historically-recorded tree. The Crannell Creek Giant, a coast redwood ("Sequoia sempervirens") near Trinidad, California, is estimated to have been 15 to 25% larger than the General Sherman tree by volume. That tree was cut down in the mid-1940s. Another larger coast redwood, near </s> Hyperion (tree) Hyperion is the name of a coast redwood ("Sequoia sempervirens") in California that was measured at , which ranks it as the world's tallest known living tree. Hyperion was discovered August 25, 2006, by naturalists Chris Atkins and Michael Taylor. The tree was verified as standing tall by Stephen Sillett. The tree was found in a remote area of Redwood National and State Parks purchased in 1978. It is estimated to contain of wood. The Park also houses the second tallest tree "Helios", and the third tallest "Icarus". Sillett estimates Hyperion to be 600 years old while others </s> The Giant Plane The Giant is a London plane tree, located in the city Chojna, Poland. It is one of the thickest trees in the country. The name of the tree in Polish – "Olbrzym" – means a very large, huge thing (even a person). "The Giant" is about 300 years old, according to the dendrochronological research, and once stood in the "Viereck'scher Garten". It is a monumental, 35 m tall tree with a trunk circumference of 1066 cm (in 2014, at the narrowest place, 0.45 m high). Its circumference at breast height (CBH) is 11 m (in 2015). This | 1 | where is the biggest tree in the world located | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1549
],
"text": [
"Los Angeles Clippers"
]
} | Marquese Chriss Marquese De’Shawn Chriss (born July 2, 1997) is an American professional basketball player for the Houston Rockets of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for the Washington Huskies. He was selected in the first round of the 2016 NBA draft with the eighth overall pick by the Sacramento Kings, and he was named to the NBA All-Rookie Second Team as a member of the Phoenix Suns in 2017. As a youth growing up in Sacramento, California, Chriss played baseball and American football. Between fifth grade and eighth grade, he showed promise as a tight end, </s> Paul would leave the franchise via free agency, began actively pursuing a trade that would provide the team equitable compensation in return for his services. On December 8, 2011, the Hornets agreed to a three-team trade sending Paul to the Los Angeles Lakers. The NBA, who owned the team at the time, nullified the deal, with commissioner David Stern claiming New Orleans would be better off keeping Paul. The teams involved in the trade attempted to lobby the league to reverse its ruling and reconstruct the deal to no avail. On December 12, the Hornets agreed to a trade sending </s> 10, 2014, Kaman signed with the Portland Trail Blazers. Kaman appeared in 74 games for Portland his first season, remaining mostly healthy as the primary backup and occasional starter behind Robin Lopez. In his second season with the Trail Blazers, Kaman played in just 16 games, also logging minutes in Portland's first round playoff victory over the Los Angeles Clippers. Kaman made his biggest impact in the locker room, and Head Coach Terry Stotts was complimentary of Kaman's veteran leadership. After the death of his father on July 20, 2016, Kaman chose to sit out the beginning of the 2016-17 | 1 | who did chris paul play for last season | None |
{
"answer_start": [
315
],
"text": [
"Nevada"
]
} | during World War II by the War Production Board Limitation Order No. 208 in autumn 1942 was a major impact on the production until the end of the war. US gold production greatly increased during the 1980s, due to high gold prices and the use of heap leaching to recover gold from disseminated low-grade deposits in Nevada and other states. In 2016 the United States produced 209 tonnes of gold, worth about US$8.5 billion, and 6.7% of world production, making it the fourth-largest gold-producing nation, behind China, Australia and Russia. Most gold produced today in the US comes from large </s> Mining in the United States Mining in the United States has been active since colonial times, but became a major industry in the 19th century with a number of new mineral discoveries causing a series of mining "rushes." In 2015, the value of coal, metals, and industrial minerals mined in the United States was US $109.6 billion. 158,000 workers were directly employed by the mining industry. See also: Top Commodities mined in the US, 2015 From 1880 to 1910, mine accidents claimed thousands of fatalities. Where annual mining deaths had numbered more than 1,000 a year during the early part </s> resulting exposed earth and downstream gravel deposits do not support plant life. After the Gold Rush had concluded, gold recovery operations continued. The final stage to recover loose gold was to prospect for gold that had slowly washed down into the flat river bottoms and sandbars of California's Central Valley and other gold-bearing areas of California (such as Scott Valley in Siskiyou County). By the late 1890s, dredging technology (also invented in California) had become economical, and it is estimated that more than 20 million ounces (620 t) were recovered by dredging (worth approximately US$28 billion at December 2010 prices). | 1 | where was the most gold found in the united states | None |
{
"answer_start": [
734
],
"text": [
"Sandro Botticelli"
]
} | Medusa (Bernini) Medusa is a marble sculpture of the eponymous character from the classical myth. It was executed by the Italian sculptor Gian Lorenzo Bernini. Its precise date of creation is unknown, but it is likely to have been executed in the 1640s. It was first documented in 1731 when presented to the Palazzo dei Conservatori in Rome, and is now part of the collections of the Capitoline Museums. The portrait draws on the myth of Medusa, the snake haired woman whose gaze could turn onlookers to stone. Unlike other depictions of the Medusa, such as Benevenuto Cellini’s "Perseus and </s> Scenes from the Life of Saint Zenobius Scenes from the Life of Saint Zenobius is a series of paintings by the Italian Renaissance artist Sandro Botticelli. Four panels from the series survive, which are now in three different museums. Each depicts three or more incidents from the life of Zenobius, an early Bishop of Florence who perhaps died in 417. The works are all in tempera on wood, and around high, though their length varies rather more, from about . The National Gallery in London has two panels. One of these, "Four Scenes from the Early Life of Saint Zenobius" </s> was intended to contain, as it appears that the painting reflects a deep knowledge of classical literature and philosophy that Botticelli is unlikely to have possessed. Poliziano is usually thought to have been involved in this, though Marsilio Ficino, another member of Lorenzo de' Medici's circle and a key figure in Renaissance Neoplatonism, has also often been mentioned. One aspect of the painting is a depiction of the progress of the season of spring, reading from right to left. The wind of early Spring blows on the land and brings forth growth and flowers, presided over by Venus, goddess of | 1 | who painted la primavera a painting of the roman goddess flora | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1751
],
"text": [
"monarchy"
]
} | throughout the British Empire, sometimes for extended periods as viceroys, or for specific ceremonies or events. Today, they often perform ceremonial and social duties throughout the United Kingdom and abroad on behalf of the United Kingdom. Aside from the monarch, their only constitutional role in the affairs of government is to serve, if eligible and when appointed by letters patent, as a Counsellor of State, two or more of whom exercise the authority of the Crown (within stipulated limits) if the monarch is indisposed or abroad. In the other countries of the Commonwealth royalty do not serve as Counsellors of </s> head of government, belongs to the person most likely to command the confidence of the House of Commons; this individual is typically the leader of the political party or coalition of parties that holds the largest number of seats in that chamber. The prime minister chooses a cabinet and its members are formally appointed by the monarch to form Her Majesty's Government. By convention, the monarch respects the prime minister's decisions of government. The cabinet is traditionally drawn from members of the prime minister's party or coalition and mostly from the House of Commons but always from both legislative houses, </s> exclusive of the monarch personally. Thus the acts of state done in the name of the Crown, such as Crown Appointments, even if personally performed by the monarch, such as the Queen's Speech and the State Opening of Parliament, depend upon decisions made elsewhere: The sovereign's role as a constitutional monarch is largely limited to non-partisan functions, such as granting honours. This role has been recognised since the 19th century. The constitutional writer Walter Bagehot identified the monarchy in 1867 as the "dignified part" rather than the "efficient part" of government. Whenever necessary, the monarch is responsible for appointing a | 1 | how is the king or queen chosen in england | None |
{
"answer_start": [
993
],
"text": [
"1,600"
]
} | Festival in the Mondo Genere category making it the first Indian film to achieve this honor. The 2010s also saw the rise of a new generation of popular actors like Ranbir Kapoor, Ranveer Singh, Varun Dhawan, Sidharth Malhotra, Sushant Singh Rajput, Arjun Kapoor, Aditya Roy Kapur and Tiger Shroff, as well as actresses like Vidya Balan, Kangana Ranaut, Deepika Padukone, Sonam Kapoor, Anushka Sharma, Sonakshi Sinha, Jacqueline Fernandez, Shraddha Kapoor and Alia Bhatt, with Balan and Ranaut gaining wide recognition for successful female-centric films such as "The Dirty Picture" (2011), "Kahaani" (2012) and "Queen" (2014), and "Tanu Weds Manu Returns" </s> is the country's most prestigious and coveted film award. Government-run and private institutes provide formal education in various aspects of filmmaking. Some of the prominent ones include: Cinema of India The Cinema of India consists of films produced in the nation of India. Cinema is immensely popular in India, with as many as 1,600 films produced in various languages every year. Indian cinema produces more films watched by more people than any other country; in 2011, over 3.5 billion tickets were sold across the globe, 900,000 more than Hollywood. Indian cinema is sometimes colloquially known as Indywood. As of 2013 </s> language film industry of Bombay—also known as Bollywood—is the largest and most powerful branch. Hindi cinema explored issues of caste and culture in films such as "Achhut Kanya" (1936) and "Sujata" (1959). International visibility came to the industry with Raj Kapoor's "Awara" and later in Shakti Samantha's "Aradhana". Hindi cinema grew during the 1990s with the release of as many as 215 films annually. Many actors signed contracts for simultaneous work in 3–4 films. Institutions such as the Industrial Development Bank of India financed Hindi films. Magazines such as "Filmfare", "Stardust" and "Cine Blitz" became popular. In Hindi cinema audiences | 1 | number of movies released in india every year | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1948
],
"text": [
"Montenegro"
]
} | States, Canada, Portugal, Italy, Norway, Denmark and Iceland. The North Atlantic Treaty was largely dormant until the Korean War initiated the establishment of NATO to implement it, by means of an integrated military structure: This included the formation of Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE) in 1951, which adopted the Western Union's military structures and plans. In 1952 the post of Secretary General of NATO was established as the organization's chief civilian, the first major NATO maritime exercises began; Exercise Mainbrace, and Greece and Turkey acceded. In 1955 West Germany was also incorporated into NATO, which resulted in the creation </s> 1994 and 1997, wider forums for regional cooperation between NATO and its neighbors were set up, including the Partnership for Peace, the Mediterranean Dialogue initiative and the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council. In 1997, three former Warsaw Pact countries, Hungary, the Czech Republic, and Poland, were invited to join NATO. After this fourth enlargement in 1999, the Vilnius group of the Baltics and seven East European countries formed in May 2000 to cooperate and lobby for further NATO membership. Seven of these countries joined in the fifth enlargement in 2004. The Adriatic States Albania and Croatia joined in the sixth enlargement in </s> Military Command Structure, while maintaining an independent nuclear deterrent. Between 1994 and 1997, wider forums for regional cooperation between NATO and its neighbors were set up, like the Partnership for Peace, the Mediterranean Dialogue initiative and the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council. In 1998, the NATO–Russia Permanent Joint Council was established. Between 1999 and 2017 NATO incorporated the following Central and Eastern European countries, including several former communist states: the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Albania, Croatia and Montenegro. The Russian intervention in Crimea in 2014 lead to strong condemnation by NATO nations and the creation | 1 | which is the new member of nato in 2017 | None |
{
"answer_start": [
70
],
"text": [
"Isaac Hayes"
]
} | Zombie penultimate boss later in the game. Once again, voice clips of Isaac Hayes as Chef are recycled from past episodes with the exception of recorded speech clips from Adolf Hitler. During his battle with the player and the other boys, Chef will express remorse by saying things like "I'm sorry, boys" and "what have I done?" While there were vague references to the Super Adventure Club and his death, there were no references to the Darth Chef suit. Chef (South Park) Jerome "Chef" McElroy is a cartoon character on the Comedy Central series "South Park" who was voiced by </s> comedy "How Do I Get Up There?" alongside his co-stars Chris Forbes and Kevin Mains, which was shown in Scotland during November 2014. James Allenby-Kirk James Allenby-Kirk or simply James Kirk (born 1988) is a Scottish actor, comedian and writer. He is perhaps best known for his roles as Jeff the Chef in the comedy "" and as Stosh in the drama series "". Born in Paisley, just outside Glasgow, he was educated at Langside College, studying acting and performance. Kirk made his breakthrough into the comedy circuit by winning the "So You Think You're Funny?" competition in 2010. His </s> countryside (with its black market suppliers) and the Blackstocks' home life are also backdrops for the show; the chef's long hours mean that Janice is routinely neglected in the bedroom, and their plans for a family remain delayed. Besides Gareth and Janice Blackstock, a third character, Everton Stonehead (played by Roger Griffiths), appears throughout all three series. Stonehead went to school with the chef and dreams of becoming a top chef himself. He bumbles through his early days in the kitchen, but eventually even develops a signature dish of his own. According to Lenny Henry: Lenny Henry was coached in | 1 | who does chef 's voice in south park | None |
{
"answer_start": [
189
],
"text": [
"Sam Manekshaw"
]
} | the country had published "jihad" related materials to boost the recruitment in the military. By the end of April 1971, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi had asked the Indian Army chief General Sam Manekshaw if he was ready to go to war with Pakistan. According to Manekshaw's own personal account, he refused, citing the onset of monsoon season in East Pakistan and also the fact that the army tanks were being refitted. He offered his resignation, which Gandhi declined. He then said he could guarantee victory if she would allow him to prepare for the conflict on his terms, and set </s> rapidly converged on Dacca, the capital of East Pakistan. Lieutenant General Jagjit Singh Aurora, the GOC-in-C of the Indian Army's Eastern Command, led the full Indian thrust into East Pakistan. As the Indian Eastern Command attacked the Pakistan Eastern Command, the Indian Air Force rapidly destroyed the small air contingent in East Pakistan and put the Dacca airfield out of commission. In the meantime, the Indian Navy effectively blockaded East Pakistan. The Indian campaign's ""blitzkrieg"" techniques exploited weaknesses in the Pakistani positions and bypassed opposition; this resulted in a swift victory. Faced with insurmountable losses, the Pakistani military capitulated in </s> battle honours and 4 theatre honours were awarded to units of the Indian Army; notable among them are: For bravery, a number of soldiers and officers on both sides were awarded the highest gallantry award of their respective countries. Following is a list of the recipients of the Indian award Param Vir Chakra, Bangladeshi award Bir Sreshtho and the Pakistani award Nishan-E-Haider: Recipients of the Param Vir Chakra: Recipients of the Bir Sreshtho: Recipients of the Nishan-E-Haider: On 25 July 2011, Bangladesh Swadhinata Sammanona, the Bangladesh Freedom Honour, was posthumously conferred on former Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. On 28 | 1 | who led the indian army during the bangladesh liberation war of 1971 | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1316
],
"text": [
"in Southeast Asia"
]
} | by Ernest Doudard de Lagrée and Francis Garnier, which ascended the river from its mouth to Yunnan between 1866 and 1868. Their chief finding was that the Mekong had too many falls and rapids to ever be useful for navigation. The river's source was found by Pyotr Kuzmich Kozlov in 1900. From 1893, the French extended their control of the river into Laos, establishing French Indochina by the first decade of the 20th century. This lasted until the First and Second Indochina Wars expelled French from its former colony and defeated US-supported governments. During the wars in Indochina in the </s> The extreme seasonal variations in flow and the presence of rapids and waterfalls in the Mekong make navigation difficult. Even so, the river is a major trade route between western China and Southeast Asia. The English name "Mekong" derives from a contracted form of Thai and Lao "Mae Nam Khong". In Thai and Lao, "mae nam" ('mother of water[s]') is used for any major river and "Khong" is the proper name. As such, Thai and Lao locals often refer to it in English as the "River Khong". "Khong" itself, however, is an archaic word meaning 'river' or 'the river', cognate </s> Greater Mekong Subregion The Greater Mekong Subregion, (GMS) or just Greater Mekong, is an trans-national region of the Mekong River basin in Southeast Asia. The region is home to more than 300 million people. It came into being with the launch of a development program in 1992 by the Asian Development Bank that brought together the six states of Cambodia, China (specifically Yunnan Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region), Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. The Greater Mekong holds irreplaceable natural and cultural riches and is considered one of the world's most significant biodiversity hotspots. The region is an important food | 1 | where is the mekong river located on a world map | None |
{
"answer_start": [
548
],
"text": [
"Tanya Roberts"
]
} | Candice Earley Candice Jean Earley (born August 18, 1950) is an American actress. Earley was born in Fort Hood, Texas to Harold and Jean (née Daily) Earley. While she had Broadway roles in "Hair" and "Grease", she is most famous for her role as Donna Beck Tyler Cortlandt Sago Tyler on the soap opera "All My Children", a role she played from 1976 to 1992. Donna was originally a troubled youth, who was a runaway and a prostitute. In her first appearance on "All My Children" Donna is found in a hospital bed and in a coma after being beaten </s> Tanya Roberts Victoria Leigh Blum (born October 15, 1955), known by the stage name Tanya Roberts, is an American actress and producer. She initially rose to prominence as Julie Rogers in the final season of "Charlie's Angels" in 1980. She is known for her role as Kiri in "The Beastmaster" (1982), Stacey Sutton in the James Bond film "A View to a Kill" (1985), and as Midge Pinciotti on "That '70s Show" (1998–2004). Roberts was born in 1955 in the Bronx, New York City, the second child of her father, of Irish descent, and a Jewish mother. She has one </s> Commission on the Arts. She became involved in the NRA after meeting Executive Vice President Wayne LaPierre at the 1988 Republican National Convention in New Orleans. Featured prominently in book "Petrocelli: San Remo Justice: An Episode Guide and Much More," by Sandra Grabman, published 2018 by BearManor Media. . Susan Howard Jeri Lynn Mooney (born January 28, 1944), better known as Susan Howard, is an American actress, writer, and political activist. She is perhaps best known for portraying the character Donna Culver Krebbs on the primetime serial "Dallas" (1979–87), and as a co-star of the series "Petrocelli" (1974–76). She is | 1 | who played donna 's mom on that 70 's show | None |
{
"answer_start": [
499
],
"text": [
"Kian Egan"
]
} | season of "American Idol" in 2007. The song was played every time a contestant (with the exception of Phil Stacey) was voted off. "Home" was played on the TV series "Criminal Minds" in the Season 3 episode "About Face," (original airdate October 31, 2007) as the FBI profilers successfully rescued a woman at the conclusion of the episode. Alvin and the Chipmunks released a cover of "Home" for their 2008 album "Undeniable". "Home" was included in the soundtrack listing of the movie "Wanderlust." Kian Egan's version of "Home" was included in a compilation album "Top Hits." "Home" was used as </s> as part of their "In Concert" series. Rollin' Home "Rollin' Home" is a single released by the British rock band Status Quo in 1986. It was included on the album "In the Army Now". It was written by John David (bass player with the Dave Edmunds' band) and produced by Dave Edmunds. The 7 inch was also produced as a Q shaped picture disc. The song was reprised, in 2014, for the band's thirty-first studio album "Aquostic (Stripped Bare)". It was featured in the ninety-minute launch performance of the album at London's "Roundhouse" on 22 October, the concert being recorded </s> the fourth Number One hit of his career, and his first since "Some Beach" in December 2004. His version also reached number 41 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. Shelton occasionally performed the song with Bublé in concert. In 2012, he e-mailed Bublé, asking if he would write new lyrics for a Christmas version of the song and sing duet vocals on it. The re-written version, featuring Bublé, appears on Shelton's 2012 album, "Cheers, It's Christmas". Home (Michael Bublé song) "Home" is a song recorded by Canadian singer Michael Bublé, and released on March 28, 2005, as the second single from | 1 | who sings the song i 'm going home | None |
{
"answer_start": [
70
],
"text": [
"Jahangir"
]
} | individual portraits, and studies of birds, flowers and animals. The "Jahangirnama", written during his lifetime, which is an autobiographical account of Jahangir's reign, has several paintings, including some unusual subjects such as the union of a saint with a tigress, and fights between spiders. During the reign of Shah Jahan (1628–58), Mughal paintings continued to develop, but court paintings became more rigid and formal. The illustrations from the "Padshanama" (chronicle of the King of the world), one of the finest Islamic manuscripts from the Royal Collection, at Windsor, were painted during the reign of Shah Jahan. Written in Persian on </s> animals Babur encountered when he invaded India, which are carefully described. However some surviving un-illustrated manuscripts may have been commissioned by him, and he comments on the style of some famous past Persian masters. Some older illustrated manuscripts have his seal on them; the Mughals came from a long line stretching back to Timur and were fully assimilated into Persianate culture, and expected to patronize literature and the arts. Mughal painting immediately took a much greater interest in realistic portraiture than was typical of Persian miniatures. Animals and plants were also more realistically shown. Although many classic works of Persian </s> of the art school at Calcutta and shown this painting. On examining the detail through a lens, he was inspired to move away from oil on canvas to gouache on paper. Ustad Mansur was not the only artist in the Mughal court to illustrate flora and fauna. Other artists included Abu'l Hasan, Farrukh Beg, Govardhan, Inayat, Manohar, Muhammad Nadir, Murad and Pidarath. Jehangir considered Mansur and Abu'l Hasan to be exceptional artists. Abu'l Hasan was given the titled of "Nadir uz Zaman". Several 17th-19th century artists have come to both imitate and copy his works (sometimes with his signature), especially | 1 | who introduced the element of perspective in mughal painting | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1377
],
"text": [
"Jonathan Harris"
]
} | Dr. Zachary Smith, the evil and conniving double agent on "Lost in Space". The character did not appear in the original 1965 pilot episode for CBS, nor did The Robot. The series was already in production when Harris joined the cast, and starring/co-starring billing had already been contractually assigned. Harris successfully negotiated to receive "Special Guest Star" billing on every episode. Bill Mumy said about Harris' role in his first episode, "It was actually implied that this villainous character that sabotaged the mission and ended up with us was going to be killed off after a while." Mumy added, "Jonathan </s> James Culliford James Culliford (8 September 1927 – 23 March 2002) was a British actor on stage, film and television. Culliford was badly burned in a motoring accident that left the right side of his face partly disfigured. He met his life partner, the actor Alfred Lynch at theatre acting evening classes. Some of his noted roles are "The Entertainer" (1960), "The Trygon Factor" (1966), and "Quatermass and the Pit" (1967). He also appeared in the "Doctor Who" serial "Frontier in Space" in 1973. After suffering a stroke in 1972, he and Lynch moved from London to Brighton until his </s> as a happy crew without internal conflicts. While many storylines in the later series focused primarily on Dr. Zachary Smith, a stowaway and saboteur played by Jonathan Harris, he was absent from the unaired pilot. His character was added after the series was commissioned for production. The pilot episode was first aired on television during a 1997 retrospective. CBS bought the series, turning down "Star Trek" in favor of "Lost in Space". Before the first episode was filmed, the characters Smith and the Robot were added, and the spaceship, originally named "Gemini 12", was renamed the "Jupiter 2" and redesigned. | 1 | who played dr. smith in the original lost in space series | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1439
],
"text": [
"in 1947"
]
} | on April 14, 2013. City Island Ballpark in Daytona Beach, Florida was renamed Jackie Robinson Ballpark in 1990 and a statue of Robinson with two children stands in front of the ballpark. His wife Rachel was present for the dedication on September 15. 1990. A number of facilities at Pasadena City College (successor to PJC) are named in Robinson's honor, including Robinson Field, a football/soccer/track facility named jointly for Robinson and his brother Mack. The New York Public School system has named a middle school after Robinson, and Dorsey High School plays at a Los Angeles football stadium named after </s> park on the former Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium site, incorporating the left field wall where Aaron hit his record-breaking home run. On February 5, 1999, at his 65th birthday celebration, Major League Baseball announced the introduction of the Hank Aaron Award. The award honors the best overall offensive performer in the American and National League. It was the first major award to be introduced in more than thirty years and had the distinction of being the first award named after a player who was still alive. Later that year, he ranked fifth on "The Sporting News" list of the 100 Greatest </s> Jackie Robinson Day Jackie Robinson Day is a traditional event which occurs annually in Major League Baseball, commemorating and honoring the day Jackie Robinson made his major league debut. April 15 was Opening Day in 1947, Robinson's first season in the Major Leagues. Initiated for the first time on April 15, 2004, Jackie Robinson Day is celebrated each year on that day. The festivity is a result of Robinson's memorable career, best known for becoming the first black major league baseball player of the modern era in 1947. His debut with the Brooklyn Dodgers (today known as the Los Angeles | 1 | when did jackie robinson became rookie of the year | None |
{
"answer_start": [
747
],
"text": [
"Japan"
]
} | of these groups of their bases of operation and supplies. Many were forced to either flee to China, or to join the Red Army-backed forces in eastern Russia. One of the guerrilla groups was led by the future leader of communist North Korea, Kim Il-sung, in Japanese controlled Manchuria. Kim Il-Sung’s time as a guerrilla leader was formative upon his political ideology once he came to power. Within Korea itself, anti-Japanese rallies continued on occasion. Most notably, the Gwangju Students Anti-Japanese Movement on 3 November 1929 led to the strengthening of Japanese military rule in 1931, after which freedom of </s> global scale of World War II, which preceded it, and the subsequent angst of the Vietnam War, which succeeded it. Imperial Japan destroyed the influence of China over Korea in the First Sino-Japanese War (1894–95), ushering in the short-lived Korean Empire. A decade later, after defeating Imperial Russia in the Russo-Japanese War (1904–05), Japan made Korea its protectorate with the Eulsa Treaty in 1905, then annexed it with the Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty in 1910. Many Korean nationalists fled the country. The Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea was founded in 1919 in Nationalist China. It failed to achieve international </s> Korean conflict The Korean conflict is based on the division between the Democratic People's Republic of Korea in the north and the Republic of Korea in the south, both of which claim to be the government of the entire peninsula. During the Cold War, North Korea was backed by the Soviet Union, China and other communist states, and South Korea was backed by the United States and its capitalist allies. The division of Korea by external powers occurred at the end of World War II in 1945, and tensions erupted into the Korean War, which lasted from 1950 to 1953. | 1 | what country 's army occupied korea in the early 20th century | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1172
],
"text": [
"1791"
]
} | the Army of the Potomac to defend the federal capital, and thousands of soldiers came to the area. The significant expansion of the federal government to administer the war—and its legacies, such as veterans' pensions—led to notable growth in the city's population – from 75,000 in 1860 to 132,000 in 1870. Slavery was abolished throughout the District on April 16, 1862 – eight months before Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation—with the passage of the Compensated Emancipation Act. The city became a popular place for freed slaves to congregate. Throughout the war, the city was defended by a ring of military </s> a provision that prohibited the ""erection of the public buildings otherwise than on the Maryland side of the river Potomac"". The final site was just below the fall line on the Potomac, the furthest inland point navigable by boats (see: Atlantic Seaboard fall line). It included the ports of Georgetown and Alexandria. The process of establishing the federal district, however, faced other challenges in the form of strong objections from landowners such as David Burns who owned a large, tract of land in the heart of the district. On March 30, 1791, Burns and eighteen other key landowners relented and </s> Vallance of Philadelphia, who engraved, printed and published it. This version, printed in March 1792, was the first Washington city plan that received wide circulation. After L'Enfant departed, Ellicott continued the city survey in accordance with his revised plan, several larger and more detailed versions of which were also engraved, published and distributed. As a result, Ellicott's revisions became the basis for the capital city's future development. In 1800, the seat of government was finally moved to the new city, and on February 27, 1801, the District of Columbia Organic Act of 1801 placed the District under the jurisdiction of | 1 | when did washington dc become the us capital | None |
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Billy Redden"
]
} | Billy Redden Billy Redden (born 1956) is an American actor, best known for his role as a backwoods, mountain boy in the 1972 film "Deliverance". He played Lonnie, a banjo-playing teenager in north Georgia, who played the noted "Dueling Banjos" with Drew Ballinger (Ronny Cox). The film was critically acclaimed and received nominations for awards in several categories. Redden was born in Rabun County, Georgia. At the age of sixteen, he was selected for "Deliverance" from his school in Georgia by director John Boorman. He portrayed a banjo-playing "local" during the film's famous "dueling banjos" scene. Boorman felt that Redden's </s> Richard Eyer Richard Ross Eyer (born May 6, 1945) is an American former child actor who worked during the 1950s and 1960s, as well as teaching at elementary schools in Bishop, California until he retired in 2006. He is the older brother of Robert Eyer (1948-2005), another child actor of the period. Eyer played a war orphan in "Homeward Borne", an episode of "Playhouse 90", August 22, 1957, on CBS. In 1960–1961, Eyer was cast in the role of the teenaged Davey Kane, son of stagecoach co-owner Simon Kane on the ABC television Western series "Stagecoach West", a production of </s> Mark Slade Mark Van Blarcom Slade (born May 1, 1939) is an American actor, artist, and author, particularly remembered for his role of Billy Blue Cannon on the NBC Western television series, "The High Chaparral". Born in Salem, Massachusetts, Slade is the son of Elinor (née Van Blarcom) and William A. Slade Jr., a Boston businessman and watercolor artist. Along with his two sisters and a brother, he grew up in the Danvers/Hamilton area of the North Shore. His parents divorced when he was 13, and his stepfather, Esmond R. Crowley Jr., became a valuable influence on his life. In | 1 | who was the kid in deliverance who played the banjo | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1612
],
"text": [
"Plato"
]
} | on their single subtasks often leads to greater skill and greater productivity on their particular subtasks than would be achieved by the same number of workers each carrying out the original broad task. Smith saw the importance of matching skills with equipment – usually in the context of an organization. For example, pin makers were organized with one making the head, another the body, each using different equipment. Similarly he emphasised a large number of skills, used in cooperation and with suitable equipment, were required to build a ship. In modern economic discussion, the term human capital would be used. </s> at large, including nature. He claimed that the average man in a civilized society is less wealthy, in practice, than one in a "savage" society. The answer he gave was that self-sufficiency was enough to cover one's basic needs. Thoreau's friend and mentor, Ralph Waldo Emerson, criticized the division of labour in "The American Scholar"; a widely informed, holistic citizenry is vital for the spiritual and physical health of the country. In his seminal work, "The Division of Labor in Society", Émile Durkheim observes that the division of labour appears in all societies and positively correlates with societal advancement because </s> within the overall project schedule. Division of labour, instead, refers to the allocation of tasks to individuals or organizations according to the skills and/or equipment those people or organizations possess. Often division of labour and division of work are both part of the economic activity within an industrial nation or organization. In Plato's "Republic", the origin of the state lies in the natural inequality of humanity, which is embodied in the division of labour. Silvermintz notes that, "Historians of economic thought credit Plato, primarily on account of arguments advanced in his Republic, as an early proponent of the division of | 1 | who propounded the theory of division of labour | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1126
],
"text": [
"1674"
]
} | Governor Thomas Dongan: On March 24, 1772: In 1617 officials of the Dutch West India Company in New Netherland created a settlement at present-day Albany, and in 1624 founded New Amsterdam, on Manhattan Island. New Amsterdam surrendered to Colonel Richard Nicholls on August 27, 1664; he renamed it New York. On September 24 Sir George Carteret accepted the capitulation of the garrison at Fort Orange, which he called Albany, after another of the Duke of York's titles. The capture was confirmed by the Treaty of Breda in July 1667. Easing the transition to British rule, the Articles of Capitulation guaranteed </s> port British ships evacuated in 1783. The English had renamed the colony the Province of New York, after the king's brother James, Duke of York and on June 12, 1665, appointed Thomas Willett the first of the Mayors of New York. The city grew northward and remained the largest and most important city in the Province of New York, becoming the third largest in the British Empire after London and Philadelphia. The Dutch regained the colony briefly in 1673, then finally lost it permanently to the English in 1674 after the Third Anglo-Dutch War. Leisler's Rebellion, an uprising in which </s> Amsterdam began. Later, the Dutch West Indies Company imported African slaves to serve as laborers; they helped to build the wall that defended the town against English and Indian attacks. Early directors included Willem Verhulst and Peter Minuit. Willem Kieft became director in 1638 but five years later was embroiled in Kieft's War against the Native Americans. The Pavonia Massacre, across the Hudson River in present-day Jersey City, resulted in the death of 80 natives in February 1643. Following the massacre, Algonquian tribes joined forces and nearly defeated the Dutch. Holland sent additional forces to the aid of Kieft, leading | 1 | when was new york taken by the british | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1342
],
"text": [
"1990"
]
} | Nations Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment came into effect. The decision to annually observe the International Day in Support of Victims of Torture was taken by the UN General Assembly at the proposal of Denmark, which is home to the world-renowned International Rehabilitation Council for Torture Victims (IRCT). The first 26 June events were launched in 1998. Since then, nearly 100 organizations in dozens of countries all over the world mark the day each year with events, celebrations and campaigns. On 16 July 2009, the International Day in Support of Victims of Torture </s> Through increased awareness and education we can create a world where animals are always recognised as sentient beings and full regard is always paid to their welfare." World Animal Day was originated by Heinrich Zimmermann. He organized the first World Animal Day on 24 March 1925 at the Sport Palace in Berlin, Germany. Over 5,000 people attended this first event. The event was originally scheduled for 4 October, to align with the feast day of Saint Francis of Assisi, patron saint of ecology, however the venue was not available on that day. The event was moved to 4 October for </s> to remove homosexuality from the International Classification of Diseases of the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1990. For a long time in Germany, May 17 had been unofficially labelled as a sort of "Gay Day." Written in the date format 17.5., it had a natural affinity with Paragraph 175 of the Penal Code, the rule dealing with homosexuality (homosexuals were called "one hundred seventy-fivers"). The day, as a concept, was conceived in 2004. A year-long campaign culminated in the first International Day Against Homophobia on May 17, 2005. 24,000 individuals as well as organizations such as the International Lesbian and | 1 | when did the first international earth day occur | None |
{
"answer_start": [
140
],
"text": [
"Chris Furrh"
]
} | Lord of the Flies (1990 film) Lord of the Flies is a 1990 American survival drama film directed by Harry Hook and starring Balthazar Getty, Chris Furrh, Danuel Pipoly and James Badge Dale. It was produced by Lewis M. Allen and written by Jay Presson Allen under the pseudonym "Sarah Schiff", based on the 1954 book "Lord of the Flies", by William Golding. It is the second film adaptation of the book, after "Lord of the Flies" (1963). The film differs in many ways from both its predecessor film and the novel. "Lord of the Flies" centers on Ralph mainly, </s> attribution to a pseudonym. Presson-Allen was also producer Lewis M. Allen's wife. The trick in adapting, Allen said in a 1972 interview with "The New York Times", "is not to throw out the baby with the bath water. You can change all kinds of things, but don't muck around with the essence". The film was released theatrically on March 16, 1990 in the United States by Columbia Pictures. It debuted at No.3 "Lord of the Flies" received mixed reviews from critics, providing mixed assessments of the performances of the various actors while praising its scenery. As of April 2016, the </s> becoming a modern classic". There have been three film adaptations based on the book: A fourth adaptation, to feature an all-female cast, was announced by Warner Bros. in August 2017. Scott McGehee and David Siegel are slated to write and direct. The film's concept has been negatively received, with some stating that an all-female cast goes against the novel's themes of masculinity and male power. Nigel Williams adapted the text for the stage. It was debuted by the Royal Shakespeare Company in July 1996. The Pilot Theatre Company has toured it extensively in the United Kingdom and elsewhere. In October | 1 | who played jack in lord of the flies 1990 | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1127
],
"text": [
"December 2010"
]
} | the type of grass and location grown utilized in its preparation, it is very hard to establish a unified theory of what occurs in hay self-heating. It is anticipated that dangerous heating will occur in hay that contains more than 25% moisture. The largest number of fires occurs within 2 to 6 weeks of storage, with the majority occurring at 4 to 5 weeks. The process may begin with microbiological activity (bacteria or mold), but at some point, the process has to become chemical. Microbiological activity will also limit the amount of oxygen available in the hay. Moisture appears to </s> burning, with the cause of the fire listed as "unknown". Henry Thomas, a 73-year-old man, was found burned to death in the living room of his council house on the Rassau estate in Ebbw Vale, South Wales, in 1980. His entire body was incinerated, leaving only his skull and a portion of each leg below the knee. The feet and legs were still clothed in socks and trousers. Half of the chair in which he had been sitting was also destroyed. Police forensic officers decided that the incineration of Thomas was due to the wick effect. In December 2010, the </s> four weeks later. Research has also been conducted into the engineering of heart valves. Tissue-engineered heart valves derived from human cells have been created in vitro and transplanted into a non-human primate model. These showed a promising amount of cellular repopulation even after eight weeks, and succeeded in outperforming currently used artificial valves. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most widespread health threats today. It affects 329 million people worldwide, which makes up nearly 5% of the global population. Having killed over 3 million people in 2012, COPD was the third greatest cause of death. Worse still | 1 | when was the last reported case of spontaneous human combustion | None |
{
"answer_start": [
648
],
"text": [
"bradykinesia"
]
} | Movement disorders Movement disorders are clinical syndromes with either an excess of movement or a paucity of voluntary and involuntary movements, unrelated to weakness or spasticity. Movement disorders are synonymous with basal ganglia or extrapyramidal diseases. Movement disorders are conventionally divided into two major categories- "hyperkinetic" and "hypokinetic". Hyperkinetic movement disorders refer to dyskinesia, or excessive, often repetitive, involuntary movements that intrude upon the normal flow of motor activity. Hypokinetic movement disorders refer to akinesia (lack of movement), hypokinesia (reduced amplitude of movements), bradykinesia (slow movement) and rigidity. In primary movement disorders, the abnormal movement is the primary manifestation of </s> Gait abnormality Gait abnormality is a deviation from normal walking (gait). Watching a patient walk is the most important part of the neurological examination. Normal gait requires that many systems, including strength, sensation and coordination, function in an integrated fashion. Many common problems in the nervous system and musculoskeletal system will show up in the way a person walks. Persons suffering from peripheral neuropathy experience numbness and tingling in their hands and feet. This can cause ambulation impairment, such as trouble climbing stairs or maintaining balance. Gait abnormality is also common in persons with nervous system problems such as cauda </s> limp is a type of asymmetric abnormality of the gait. When due to pain it is referred to as an antalgic gait, in which the foot is in contact with the ground for a shorter duration than usual; in severe cases there may be a refusal to walk. Hip deformities with associated muscular weakness, on the other hand, may present with a Trendelenburg gait, with the body shifted over the affected hip. The causes of limping are many and can be either serious or non-serious. It usually results from pain, weakness, neuromuscular imbalance, or a skeletal deformity. In 30% of | 1 | what is the disorder of abnormally slow movements | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1624
],
"text": [
"The New Zealand Kiwis"
]
} | has several teams under its control, one of note is the Taranaki Bulls whom compete in New Zealand's national rugby union competition the Mitre 10 Cup. Their top professional team, the Bulls is coached by Colin Cooper and captained by midfielder Charlie Ngatai. Their traditional colors are amber and black hoops with white shorts, with Canterbury of New Zealand being the main manufacturer. They are also sponsored by Port Taranaki. The Taranaki squad for the 2018 Mitre 10 Cup is: Across Taranaki rugby history 32 players have now played 100 or more matches for the Taranaki union. The 32 players </s> Rugby union in New Zealand Rugby union is the unofficial national sport of New Zealand. The national team, the All Blacks, ranks as the top international team in the world. The sport has been known in New Zealand from 1870. The top domestic competitions are the semi-professional ITM Cup and amateur Heartland Championship, and above them Super Rugby, in which New Zealand has five franchises. The country co-hosted and won the first ever Rugby World Cup in 1987, and hosted and won the 2011 Rugby World Cup. They are the current world champions for men and women. They are also </s> New Zealand national rugby league team The New Zealand national rugby league team (Māori: Tīma rīki motu Aotearoa) has represented New Zealand in rugby league since 1907. Administered by the New Zealand Rugby League, they are commonly known as the Kiwis, after the native bird of that name. The team's colour's are majority black with white and the players perform a haka before every match they play as a challenge to their opponents. The New Zealand Kiwis are currently second in the RLIF World Rankings. Since the 1980s, most New Zealand representatives have been based overseas, in the professional National | 1 | what is the nz rugby league team called | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1662
],
"text": [
"Shanice"
]
} | cast. The final season's opening titles featured the main cast (Breanna, Arnaz, and new characters D-Mack, Sara, Cash, and Lisa) at various places at the Venice Beach Boardwalk, before meeting back at the beach house to take a picture together. "One On One" began airing in syndication in September 2006, CBS Paramount Domestic Television also held the distribution rights to the series for the first year of its syndication run. CBS Television Distribution has been the series distributor since September 2007. In the United States, "One on One" was broadcast on various local television stations (mostly Fox, The WB, and </s> I'm on One "I'm on One" is a song by American hip hop artist DJ Khaled, released as the second single from his fifth studio album, "We the Best Forever". The song features Canadian rapper Drake and American rappers Rick Ross and Lil Wayne and features production from Canadian producers T-Minus, Nikhil S. and Noah "40" Shebib. It was released for digital download in the United States on May 20, 2011. The song peaked at number ten on the "Billboard" Hot 100, becoming the highest second peaking song behind "I'm The One" and first top-ten hit in the United States </s> two finally became a couple in the later part of the series. They break up during the third season and move on to date other people, though they know they still love each other. The series ends with Arnaz chasing after Michelle (Brandy Norwood), D-Mack's sister, with whom he has fallen in love while Breanna is shown in bed with D-Mack (Ray J). Season 1 Season 2 Season 3 Season 4 Season 5 The show's theme song "Living One on One", was written and performed by Shanice (wife of the series star Flex Alexander) and Tonex with music composed by | 1 | who sings the theme song for one on one | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1044
],
"text": [
"philanthropists"
]
} | the Virginia Company's records suggests that as many as 1,500 children were sent to Virginia between 1619 and 1617. By 1619, African prisoners were brought to Jamestown and sold as slaves as well, marking England's entry into the Atlantic slave trade. The infusion of kidnapped children, maids, convicts, and Africans to Virginia during the early part of the seventeenth century inaugurated a pattern that would continue for nearly two centuries. By 1650, the majority of British emigrants to colonial North America went as "prisoners" of one sort or another—whether as indentured servants, convict laborers, or slaves. The prisoner trade became </s> Although they did not speak with a single voice, the philanthropist penologists tended to view crime as an outbreak of the criminal's estrangement from God. Hanway, for example, believed that the challenge of rehabilitating the criminal law lay in restoring his faith in, and fear of the Christian God, in order to "qualify [him] for happiness in both worlds." Many eighteenth-century English philanthropists proposed solitary confinement as a way to rehabilitate inmates morally. Since at least 1740, philanthropic thinkers touted the use of penal solitude for two primary purposes: (1) to isolate prison inmates from the moral contagion of other </s> old house, medieval dungeon space, or private structure would act as a holding pen for those bound for American plantations or the Royal Navy (under impressment). Operating clandestine prisons in major port cities for detainees whose transportation to the New World was not strictly legal, became a lucrative trade on both sides of the Atlantic in this period. Unlike contemporary prisons, those associated with the convict trade served a custodial, not a punitive function. Many colonists in British North America resented convict transportation. As early as 1683, Pennsylvania's colonial legislature attempted to bar felons from being introduced within its borders. | 1 | the group that most influenced the beginnings of the american prison experience was the | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1256
],
"text": [
"Billy Preston"
]
} | That's the Way (Led Zeppelin song) "That's the Way" is a ballad by English rock band Led Zeppelin from their third album, "Led Zeppelin III", released in 1970. As with several of the tracks on the album, it is an acoustic song. Jimmy Page and Robert Plant wrote the piece in 1970 on a retreat at Bron-Yr-Aur cottage, Wales. Page noted that the two developed it and recorded a rough demo after a long walk before they returned to the cottage. Original working title of the song was "The Boy Next Door". On the surface, the lyrics are about one </s> the power of gospel music and pour it into their stage performance, and religious beliefs completely transcend the whole impact of his work …" A regular keyboard player with the Rolling Stones during the 1970s, Preston included "That's the Way God Planned It" in his solo spot on the band's 1973 European tour. Among his backing musicians, collectively titled "the God Squad", was Mick Taylor, the Rolling Stones' lead guitarist. Although it did not appear on Preston's "Live European Tour" album, released the following year, a live version of the song was included on A&M Japan's 2002 reissue of that </s> That's the Way God Planned It (song) "That's the Way God Planned It" is a song by American musician Billy Preston and the title track to his 1969 album of the same name. Issued as a single, the song was Preston's first release on the Beatles' Apple record label, following his guest role on the band's "Get Back" single. The lyrics to "That's the Way God Planned It" partly reflect the long musical apprenticeship Preston had served since childhood, mentored by artists such as Sam Cooke and Ray Charles,<ref name="Robins/Creem">Wayne Robins, "Billy Preston", "Creem", May 1974; available at Rock's Backpages | 1 | who sang that the way god planned it | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1301
],
"text": [
"Julie Andrews"
]
} | 2001, at the Royal National Theatre, which transferred to the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane on July 21. Directed by Trevor Nunn, with choreography by Matthew Bourne, the musical starred Martine McCutcheon as Eliza and Jonathan Pryce as Higgins, with Dennis Waterman as Alfred P. Doolittle. This revival won three Olivier Awards: Outstanding Musical Production, Best Actress in a Musical (Martine McCutcheon) and Best Theatre Choreographer (Matthew Bourne), with Anthony Ward receiving a nomination for Set Design. In December 2001, Joanna Riding took over the role of Eliza, and in May 2002, Alex Jennings took over as Higgins, both winning Olivier </s> ("Why Can't the English?"). At Covent Garden one evening, he meets Colonel Hugh Pickering (Wilfrid Hyde-White), himself a phonetics expert who had come all the way from India to see him. Higgins boasts he could teach anyone to speak so well he could pass them off as a duke or duchess at an embassy ball, even the young woman with a strong Cockney accent named Eliza Doolittle (Audrey Hepburn) who tries to sell them flowers. Eliza's ambition is to work in a flower shop, but her accent makes that impossible ("Wouldn't It Be Loverly"). The following morning, Eliza shows up </s> again in the part of Higgins. The casting of Audrey Hepburn instead of Julie Andrews as Eliza was controversial, partly because theatregoers regarded Andrews as perfect for the part and partly because Hepburn's singing voice was dubbed (by Marni Nixon). Jack L. Warner, the head of Warner Bros., which produced the film, wanted "a star with a great deal of name recognition", but since Julie Andrews did not have any film experience, he thought a movie with her would not be as successful. (Andrews went on to star in "Mary Poppins" that same year for which she won both the | 1 | who played eliza doolittle in my fair lady | None |
{
"answer_start": [
364
],
"text": [
"Johnny Isakson"
]
} | most important elements in the expansion of the middle class following World War II. The Veterans' Affairs Committee had nine members in its initial congress, the 92nd Congress (1971–73). It now has a total of 15 members. According to committee members' official online biographies, three of the fourteen members are veterans: Richard Blumenthal, Dan Sullivan and Johnny Isakson. Source: and Source: Source: to 297 Source: Source: United States Senate Committee on Veterans' Affairs The United States Senate Committee on Veterans' Affairs deals with oversight of United States veterans issues. It was created in 1970 to transfer responsibilities for veterans from </s> Reform and Terrorist Prevention Act of 2004, the Committee became the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs and added homeland security to its jurisdiction. Of the five current subcommittees, the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations is the oldest and most storied, having been created at the same time as the Committee on Government Operations in 1952. The Subcommittee on the Oversight of Government Management, the Federal Workforce, and the District of Columbia was established after the creation of the Committee on Governmental Affairs in 1978. The Subcommittee on Federal Financial Management, Government Information, Federal Services and International Security was created </s> Continental Shelf lands. The Committee is one of the largest in the Senate with 27 members in the 115th Congress. It is composed of seven subcommittees, and the Committee Chairman is Sen. John Thune (R-SD) and its Ranking Member is Sen. Bill Nelson (D-FL). Nelson is the only sitting Member of Congress who served as an astronaut. The majority office is housed in the Dirksen Senate Office Building, and the minority office is located in the Hart Senate Office Building. The Committee has its roots in the Committee on Commerce and Manufacturers, which served as a standing committee in the | 1 | who is the current chair of the u.s. senate subcommittee on employment and workplace safety | None |
{
"answer_start": [
332
],
"text": [
"Alan Shearer"
]
} | and Philippe Coutinho is now the most expensive transfer involving a Premier League club at £106 million. The highest transfer fee paid by a Premier League club is £89 million for Paul Pogba. The Golden Boot is awarded to the top Premier League scorer at the end of each season. Former Blackburn Rovers and Newcastle United striker Alan Shearer holds the record for most Premier League goals with 260. Twenty-eight players have reached the 100-goal mark. Since the first Premier League season in 1992–93, 14 players from 10 clubs have won or shared the top scorers title. Thierry Henry won </s> Jimmy Greaves James Peter Greaves (born 20 February 1940) is a former England international footballer who played as a forward. He is England's fourth highest international goalscorer (44 goals), Tottenham Hotspur's highest ever goalscorer (266 goals), the highest goalscorer in the history of English top-flight football (357 goals), and has also scored more hat-tricks (six) for England than anyone else. He finished as the First Division's top scorer in six seasons. He is a member of the English Football Hall of Fame. Greaves began his professional career at Chelsea in 1957, and played in the following year's FA Youth Cup </s> the leading cup goalscorer in England (both FA Cup and League Cup) until his records were broken some 30 years later by Robbie Fowler. Originally a midfielder, Greenwood converted him to be a front-running striker and it paid dividends—he led the team to consecutive cup appearances before capping it all off, becoming a regular England international and FIFA World Cup winner in 1966. In the following season, he scored 41 goals in the league, nearly a quarter of his eventual tally. The club also sported the likes of long-time club servants John Bond and England international Ken Brown (father of | 1 | who holds the record for the most premier league goals | None |
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