pmdlt/MNLP_M2_rag_dataset · Datasets at Hugging Face

doc_id int32 0 2.25M	text stringlengths 101 8.13k	source stringlengths 38 44
2,247,700	Alkyl chlorides are most easily prepared by treating alcohols with thionyl chloride (SOCl) or phosphorus pentachloride (PCl), but also commonly with sulfuryl chloride (SOCl) and phosphorus trichloride (PCl):	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805
2,247,701	In the laboratory, thionyl chloride is especially convenient, because the byproducts are gaseous. Alternatively, the Appel reaction can be used:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805
2,247,702	Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805
2,247,703	Heating alkyl halides with sodium hydroxide or water gives alcohols. Reaction with alkoxides or aryloxides give ethers in the Williamson ether synthesis; reaction with thiols give thioethers. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction. Reaction with other pseudohalides such as azide, cyanide, and thiocyanate are possible as well. In the presence of a strong base, alkyl chlorides undergo dehydrohalogenation to give alkenes or alkynes.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805
2,247,704	Alkyl chlorides react with magnesium to give Grignard reagents, transforming an electrophilic compound into a nucleophilic compound. The Wurtz reaction reductively couples two alkyl halides to couple with sodium.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805
2,247,705	The largest application of organochlorine chemistry is the production of vinyl chloride. The annual production in 1985 was around 13 million tons, almost all of which was converted into polyvinylchloride (PVC).	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805
2,247,706	Most low molecular weight chlorinated hydrocarbons such as chloroform, dichloromethane, dichloroethene, and trichloroethane are useful solvents. These solvents tend to be relatively non-polar; they are therefore immiscible with water and effective in cleaning applications such as degreasing and dry cleaning. Several billion kilograms of chlorinated methanes are produced annually, mainly by chlorination of methane:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805
2,247,707	The most important is dichloromethane, which is mainly used as a solvent. Chloromethane is a precursor to chlorosilanes and silicones. Historically significant, but smaller in scale is chloroform, mainly a precursor to chlorodifluoromethane (CHClF) and tetrafluoroethene which is used in the manufacture of Teflon.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805
2,247,708	The two main groups of organochlorine insecticides are the DDT-type compounds and the chlorinated alicyclics.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805
2,247,709	Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were once commonly used electrical insulators and heat transfer agents. Their use has generally been phased out due to health concerns. PCBs were replaced by polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), which bring similar toxicity and bioaccumulation concerns.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805
2,247,710	Some types of organochlorides have significant toxicity to plants or animals, including humans. Dioxins, produced when organic matter is burned in the presence of chlorine, are persistent organic pollutants which pose dangers when they are released into the environment, as are some insecticides (such as DDT). For example, DDT, which was widely used to control insects in the mid-20th century, also accumulates in food chains, as do its metabolites DDE and DDD, and causes reproductive problems (e.g., eggshell thinning) in certain bird species. DDT also posed further issues to the environment as it is extremely mobile, traces even being found in Antarctica despite the chemical never being used there. Some organochlorine compounds, such as sulfur mustards, nitrogen mustards, and Lewisite, are even used as chemical weapons due to their toxicity.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805
2,247,711	However, the presence of chlorine in an organic compound does not ensure toxicity. Some organochlorides are considered safe enough for consumption in foods and medicines. For example, peas and broad beans contain the natural chlorinated plant hormone 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid (4-Cl-IAA); and the sweetener sucralose (Splenda) is widely used in diet products. , at least 165 organochlorides had been approved worldwide for use as pharmaceutical drugs, including the natural antibiotic vancomycin, the antihistamine loratadine (Claritin), the antidepressant sertraline (Zoloft), the anti-epileptic lamotrigine (Lamictal), and the inhalation anesthetic isoflurane.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805
2,247,712	Rachel Carson brought the issue of DDT pesticide toxicity to public awareness with her 1962 book "Silent Spring". While many countries have phased out the use of some types of organochlorides such as the US ban on DDT, persistent DDT, PCBs, and other organochloride residues continue to be found in humans and mammals across the planet many years after production and use have been limited. In Arctic areas, particularly high levels are found in marine mammals. These chemicals concentrate in mammals, and are even found in human breast milk. In some species of marine mammals, particularly those that produce milk with a high fat content, males typically have far higher levels, as females reduce their concentration by transfer to their offspring through lactation.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805
2,247,713	NGC 6401 is a globular cluster in the constellation Ophiuchus. William Herschel discovered this star cluster in 1784 with his 47 cm telescope, but mistakenly believed it to be a bright nebula. Later his son, John Herschel, was to make the same error because the technology of the day was insufficient to allow the individual stars to be resolved visually.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39886077
2,247,714	Haplochromis welcommei is a threatened species of cichlid endemic to Lake Victoria in Africa. This species reaches a length of SL. Although further surveys are needed to confirm its status, it is considered possibly extinct by the IUCN on the basis that there have been no definite records since 1985.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12603189
2,247,715	The specific name honours Robin Welcomme, who was a fisheries biologist at the East African Freshwater Fisheries Research Organisation and who collected the type of this species.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12603189
2,247,716	Diophantus is a lunar impact crater that lies in the southwestern part of the Mare Imbrium. It was named after ancient Greek mathematician Diophantus. It forms a pair with the larger crater Delisle to the north. Diophantus has a wide inner wall and a low central rise. To the north of Diophantus is the sinuous rille designated Rima Diophantus, named after the crater. Diophantus C lies near the exterior of the southwest wall.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=999546
2,247,717	This cleft follows a generally east–west path across the Mare Imbrium. It is centered at selenographic coordinates 31.0° N, 32.0° W, and has a maximum diameter of 150 km.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=999546
2,247,718	Several tiny craters north of Diophantus have been assigned names by the IAU. These are listed in the table below.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=999546
2,247,719	By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Diophantus.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=999546
2,247,720	Apianus is a lunar impact crater that is located on the rugged south-central highlands of the Moon. It is named after 16th century German mathematician and astronomer Petrus Apianus. It is located to the northeast of the crater Aliacensis, and to the northwest of Poisson. The worn crater Krusenstern is attached to the west-northwestern rim.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1049645
2,247,721	Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, dry savanna, moist savanna, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, freshwater marshes, and intermittent freshwater marshes.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12372342
2,247,722	The outer wall of the crater has been worn and eroded by subsequent impacts, and a pair of small craterlets overlay the rim to the southeast and northeast. The central crater is 63 kilometers in diameter and 2,080 meters deep. The craterlet on the southeast rim, Apianus B, is a member of a cluster of co-joined craterlets that includes Apianus T and Apianus U. The interior floor of the central crater is relatively smooth and lacks a central peak, although the surface appears somewhat convex. Only a few tiny craterlets mark the surface.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1049645
2,247,723	By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Apianus.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1049645
2,247,724	Quercus disciformis is a species of tree in the beech family. It has been found only in southern China, in the Provinces of Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, and Hunan.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=47708628
2,247,725	Keeler is a large lunar impact crater that lies on the Moon's far side. It is connected along the eastern edge to Heaviside, a walled plain of similar dimensions. Keeler, however, is the younger of the two formations, with more clearly delineated features. To the northeast of Keeler is the smaller crater Stratton, and to the northwest lies Ventris.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1957237
2,247,726	Huggins is a lunar impact crater that lies in the rugged southern highlands of the Moon's near side. It was named after British astronomer Sir William Huggins in 1935.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1216081
2,247,727	Stictoleptura variicornis is a species of longhorn beetle in the Lepturinae subfamily. It was described by Johan Wilhelm Dalman in 1817 and can be found in Poland, Russia, Ukraine, and the Baltic States. It can also be found in Asian countries like Mongolia and North Korea.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=35514683
2,247,728	The outer rim of Keeler is roughly circular, with a straight segment where it is joined to Heaviside. The northern portion of the rim is more irregular, with an outward protuberance to the north-northwest. Portions of the inner wall have a terrace structure, especially along the southern half. Note the terraced walls of the crater. Within the crater interior, Planté lies on the eastern floor, adjacent to the inner wall. There is an interior ridge that runs from about the midpoint toward the west-southwest. The floor is generally level, with some areas of irregularity to the south. A few small and tiny craterlets mark the interior plain.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1957237
2,247,729	This crater lies across the eastern rim of the larger crater Orontius. The eastern rim of Huggins is laid across in turn by the slightly smaller crater Nasireddin. Thus these three craters form a triplet of decreasing age from west to east. To the northwest of Huggins is Miller, which is attached to the northern rim of Nasireddin.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1216081
2,247,730	The species is brown coloured with blackish-brown legs and antennae. The life span is 3 years, with a flight from June–August.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=35514683
2,247,731	Measurements with the electron reflectometer instrument on board the Lunar Prospector showed that this crater is one of a number of impact sites that show demagnetization. The low magnetic reading lies at the center of this crater, and the reduced field extends outward to about one and a half crater diameters. Scientists believe that shock demagnetization is the cause.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1957237
2,247,732	This crater has been somewhat eroded, but the surviving rim remains relatively well-defined and is only overlaid by a few tiny craterlets. The western half of the interior floor is relatively level, although a small crater, Huggins A, is attached to the inner wall of the northwest rim. There is a central peak formation next to the outer rampart of the intruding Nasireddin.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1216081
2,247,733	By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Keeler.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1957237
2,247,734	By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Huggins. Huggins A lies within the Huggins crater.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1216081
2,247,735	Mawson Glacier () is a large glacier on the east coast of Victoria Land, Antarctica, descending eastward from the Antarctic Plateau to the north of Trinity Nunatak and the Kirkwood Range, to enter the Ross Sea, where it forms the Nordenskjöld Ice Tongue. The glacier was first mapped by the British Antarctic Expedition (1907–09) and named for Douglas Mawson, the expedition physicist, who later led two other Antarctic expeditions, 1911–14, and 1929–31.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29589054
2,247,736	The 1979 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in Jonquière, Quebec, Canada under the auspices of International Canoe Federation. It was the 16th edition. This marked the first time the championships were held outside Europe. The mixed C2 event was not held at these championships. East Germany did not take part and Czechoslovakia, as the other traditional powerhouse, won only one medal. West Germany won three medals while the United States led the medal count with seven, the first-time an English-speaking country had done so.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=23585393
2,247,737	The 2002 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in Bourg St.-Maurice, France under the auspices of International Canoe Federation for the record-tying third time. It was the 27th edition. Bourg St.-Maurice hosted the championships previously in 1969 and 1987, and matches the times hosted by Spittal, Austria (1963, 1965, 1977) and Meran, Italy (1953, 1971, 1983). Beginning at these championships, this event would be held on an annual basis in non-Summer Olympic years. The 2001 championships were scheduled to take place in Ducktown, Tennessee (East of Chattanooga) in September that year on the canoe slalom course used for the 1996 Summer Olympics in neighboring Atlanta, but were cancelled in the wake of the September 11 attacks.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=23604384
2,247,738	The 2007–2008 UCI Track Cycling World Cup Classics was a multi race competition over a season of track cycling. The season began on 30 November 2007 and ended on 17 February 2008. The World Cup is organised by the UCI. The 2007–2008 series carried vital ranking points towards the 2008 Beijing Olympics. The following tables contain only Olympic events, although many non-Olympic events are still held.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14775357
2,247,739	Reckling Peak is located at the icefalls at the head of Mawson Glacier, which also produced Reckling Moraine. Both Shultz Peak and Mount Armytage are south of the glacier. Battlements Nunatak is near its head.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29589054
2,247,740	Baker Glacier () is a small tributary glacier that enters Whitehall Glacier just north of Martin Hill, in the Victory Mountains of Victoria Land, Antarctica. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and from U.S. Navy air photos, 1960–62, and named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for John R. Baker, biologist at Hallett Station in 1967–68 and 1968–69.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=28913956
2,247,741	Martina Navratilova and Heinz Günthardt were the defending champions but only Navratilova competed that year with Peter Fleming.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=28536571
2,247,742	Protoglossum is a genus of fungus in the family Cortinariaceae. The widespread genus contains eight species. "Protoglossum" was circumscribed by George Edward Massee in 1891.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=31285627
2,247,743	Benin competed at the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London, United Kingdom from August 29 to September 9, 2012. The athlete delegation consisted of one athlete, Constant Kponhinto, who competed in the men's Shot Put F57-58 event, finishing 17th overall with a best throw of 8.25 meters.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=36771964
2,247,744	Dolichoderus affectus is an extinct species of ant in the genus "Dolichoderus". Described by Théobald in 1937, the fossils were discovered in France.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45095136
2,247,745	Cladorhiza inversa is a species of sponge in the taxonomic class Demospongiae. The body of the sponge consists of a spicule and fibers and is water absorbent.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=48587331
2,247,746	Ichnotropis capensis is a species of African lizard, which is native to the southern Afrotropics. It is the type species for the genus "Ichnotropis", and is commonly called the Cape rough-scaled lizard due to them being found in southern Africa's Cape region. They are also called ornate rough-scaled lizard or Smith's rough-scaled sand lizard. The small lizards are terrestrial and occur in grassland, desert and brush areas of southern Africa.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44590346
2,247,747	Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=28536571
2,247,748	Competing in their fourth Paralympic Games, Benin had a one athlete strong delegation, represented by·Constant Kponhinto. Kponhinto served as the country's flag bearer for the Opening Ceremonies. At the time, he lived in Abomey, Benin, the town where he grew up and first took up sport in as a child. He graduated from National University of Benin. Kponhinto had a disability since he was a one-year-old as a result of complications from having contracted polio.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=36771964
2,247,749	"I. capensis" are medium-sized lizards with slender bodies, long tails, and well developed legs. Most of the specimens found are less than 76 mm long in snout–to-vent length (SVL) and share the general characteristics of its genus, including the following:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44590346
2,247,750	The delegation stayed at Lucia Heights and Meander House in the Paralympic Village. Benin and Mauritius were officially welcomed to the Paralympic Village ahead of the Games around the same time. They were welcomed by Paralympic Village Mayor Eva Löffler, daughter of Paralympic Games founder Ludwig Guttmann.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=36771964
2,247,751	"I. capensis" is notably distinct from the genus in that the hind legs do not reach the underarm of the forelimbs. Adults have uniform grey and yellowish brown backs with white lateral stripes that may be bordered with dark black spots. The juvenile has a pale grey and brown back with white lateral stripes.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44590346
2,247,752	Kponhinto arrived in London a week ahead of the Games. While he did some shopping in London, he largely did so within the confines of the Paralympic Village because of self-consciousness about only speaking French.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=36771964
2,247,753	It occurs in semi-arid shrub savannas of Africa, where they seek shelter in soft soiled burrows, under rocks and brush. The species has been reported from South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, and Zambia.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44590346
2,247,754	Constant Kponhinto competed in the men's Shot Put F57-58 event, finishing 17th overall with a best throw of 8.25 meters. While he was disappointed with not performing better in London, he left having bettered his personal best at the Games. He qualified for the Games based on a wildcard invitation, designed to increase the number of countries participating at the Paralympics.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=36771964
2,247,755	These lizards are insectivorous and feed on termites and other small insects. They are active hunters during the day and many specimens have been found around termite mounds.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44590346
2,247,756	Along with other Ichnotropis, this lizard species is semelparous, with little overlap of adult and juveniles life stages. Life expectancy is 13 to 14 months, and mating occurs in the spring with hatchlings appearing in late summer from October to December. Females make an inclining burrow in soft soil 100 to 200 mm long and lay 3-9 eggs (6.5 mm x 9.5 mm). The females may have up to two clutches in their lifetime.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44590346
2,247,757	Based on morphological evidence from the "capensis" species, southern African genus "Ichnotropis" and North American genus "Psammodromus" diverged from a common ancestor in the lineage of "Lacerta lepida" and "Lacerta monticola" during the Oligocene epoch (24 to 36 million years ago).	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44590346
2,247,758	It is recorded as prey of the shikra and secretarybird, both birds of prey that are native to Africa. They may have other predators as well, as they are small lizards, but there is no evidence suggesting that they are endangered or hunted by indigenous people who live near their habitat. Apparently hunting does not harm them sufficiently to be considered threatened.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44590346
2,247,759	Jerry Kenneth Martin (born August 18, 1950) is an American former ski jumper. He competed in the normal hill and large hill at the 1972 and 1976 Olympics and placed 27th–36th.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39466885
2,247,760	Conus monile, common name the necklace cone, is a species of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26725123
2,247,761	The 3 substrates of this enzyme are (S)-nicotine, acceptor, and HO, whereas its two products are (S)-6-hydroxynicotine and reduced acceptor.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14161447
2,247,762	Colotis eris, the banded gold tip or black-barred gold tip, is a butterfly of the family Pieridae. It is found in the Afrotropical realm.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=28182859
2,247,763	The 1997 UIAA Climbing World Championships, the 4th edition, were held in Paris, France, from 31 January to 1 February 1997. It was organized by the Union Internationale des Associations d'Alpinisme (UIAA). The championships consisted of lead and speed events.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=68618483
2,247,764	Pediobius is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the chalcid wasp family Eulophidae. Like their relatives, the larvae of these diminutive wasps are parasitoids of various arthropods (mainly insects). Some "Pediobius" are used in biological pest control.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=23976016
2,247,765	In September 1971, Martin lost the right eye in an accident. Yet he won the national ski jumping title in 1971, 1973, and 1975, and competed at the 1970 and 1974 world championships. In 1971 he set the Pine Mountain jump record at 345 feet (105 m).	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39466885
2,247,766	Like all species within the genus "Conus", these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26725123
2,247,767	This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-NH group of donors with other acceptors. The systematic name of this enzyme class is nicotine:acceptor 6-oxidoreductase (hydroxylating). Other names in common use include nicotine oxidase, D-nicotine oxidase, nicotine:(acceptor) 6-oxidoreductase (hydroxylating), and L-nicotine oxidase. It has 2 cofactors: metal, and FMN.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14161447
2,247,768	In men's lead, François Petit claimed the title. The 15-year-old Chris Sharma took silver, while the defending champion François Legrand took bronze.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=68618483
2,247,769	The size of an adult shell varies between 45 mm and 95 mm. The chestnut-flamed spire is nearly plane, with a raised apex. The body whorl is closely striate below, and generally chestnut-stained at the base. The color of the shell is white, with oblique flames, spots and short lines of chestnut, arranged in revolving series.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26725123
2,247,770	In women's lead, Liv Sansoz took the win. Muriel Sarkany took second place, while Marietta Uhden took third.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=68618483
2,247,771	DNA interstrand cross-links prevent strand separation, thereby physically blocking transcription, replication, and segregation of DNA. DCLRE1B is one of several evolutionarily conserved genes involved in repair of interstrand cross-links (Dronkert et al., 2000).[supplied by OMIM]	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=15354697
2,247,772	Aspergillus caespitosus is a species of fungus in the genus "Aspergillus". It was described scientifically in 1944 by Kenneth B. Raper and Charles Thom, who isolated it from soil. It is from the "Nidulantes" section.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37472616
2,247,773	1,4-Cycloheptadiene is a highly flammable cycloalkene that occurs as a colorless clear liquid. It can form a yellow complex with palladium.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41109001
2,247,774	Glaucopsyche argali is a butterfly found in the East Palearctic (Altai) that belongs to the blues family.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56624737
2,247,775	Nigeria competed at the 2013 World Championships in Athletics in Moscow, Russia, from 10–18 August 2013. A team of 17 athletes was announced to represent the country in the event.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40210992
2,247,776	Boreotrophon alaskanus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27097981
2,247,777	"Dermamoeba" has been classified in this group. However, there is recent evidence that it is not closely related to the other members of this group.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=22034120
2,247,778	2009–10 Euro Hockey Tour is the 14th edition of Euro Hockey Tour. There are only four teams: Czech Republic, Finland, Russia and Sweden are competing.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24381698
2,247,779	Aspergillus egyptiacus is a species of fungus in the genus "Aspergillus". It is from the "Cavernicolus" section. The species was first described in 1972. It was isolated from sandy soil in Egypt.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=53676952
2,247,780	Wilhelm Gass (November 28, 1813 – February 21, 1889) was a German theologian born in Breslau. He was the son of theologian Joachim Christian Gass (1766–1831).	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21584758
2,247,781	The DCLRE1B/SNM1B/Apollo protein is a repair exonuclease that digests double-stranded and single-stranded DNA with a 5’ to 3’ directionality.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=15354697
2,247,782	"A. caespitosus" has been cultivated on both Czapek yeast extract agar (CYA) plates and Malt Extract Agar Oxoid® (MEAOX) plates. The growth morphology of the colonies can be seen in the pictures below.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37472616
2,247,783	L. argali Elw. This species is said to be allied to "melanops", but to have the upperside pale silver grey. — Elwes discovered this insect in the Altai.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56624737
2,247,784	The shell is bone to creamy white in color with an elevated spire, a very distinct suture, and a strongly curved, long, slender siphonal canal. The shell has two nuclear whorls (which are typically eroded) and five subsequent whorls. The whorls are rounded and bear 8 to 10 narrow varices which are prominent at the shoulder, where they rise into long blunt spines that curve towards the axis of the shell. The aperture is subovate, and the operculum is thin and light brown. Length 14 to 45 mm.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27097981
2,247,785	The tournament consists of four stages: Czech Hockey Games in Czech Republic, Karjala Tournament in Finland, Channel One Cup in Russia and LG Hockey Games in Sweden. The intervals between stages are usually from 1 month to 3 months. In each phase teams played six games.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24381698
2,247,786	"A. egyptiacus" has been cultivated on both Czapek yeast extract agar (CYA) plates and Malt Extract Agar Oxoid® (MEAOX) plates. The growth morphology of the colonies can be seen in the pictures below.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=53676952
2,247,787	He received his education in Breslau, Halle and Berlin, and as a student was influenced by the teachings of August Neander (1789–1850). In 1846 he became an associate professor at the University of Breslau, and during the following year relocated to Greifswald, where in 1855 he achieved the title of "professor ordinarius". In 1862 he was appointed professor of systematic theology at the University of Giessen, and in 1868 moved to Heidelberg as a successor to Richard Rothe (1799–1867). He died in 1889 in Heidelberg	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21584758
2,247,788	Using an SNM1B/Apollo knockout mouse model, evidence was obtained that SNM1B/Apollo protein is required to protect telomeres against illegitimate non-homologous end joining that can result in genomic instability and consequently in multi-organ developmental failure.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=15354697
2,247,789	His theological work largely dealt with the history of Protestant dogmatics, studies of the Greek Orthodox Church during the Middle Ages and the history of Christian ethics. Among his more important written works was the four-volume "Geschichte der Lutherischen Dogmatik" (History of Lutheran Dogmatics 1854-67), and an 1846 book on Georgius Calixtus and syncretism called "Georg Calixt und der Synkretismus". Other noted works by Wilhelm Gass include:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21584758
2,247,790	In a human patient with Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome, a dominant negative mutation in the SNM1B/Apollo gene was discovered. This mutation hampered the proper replication of telomeres, leading to major telomeric dysfunction and cellular senescence. SNM1B/Apollo protein appears to be a crucial factor in telomere maintenance, independent of its function in repairing DNA inter-strand crosslinks.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=15354697
2,247,791	Hymenophyllum peltatum (hymen-o-FIL-lum, pel-TAH-tum), is a species of filmy fern widely distributed across Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, South America. Predominantly a rainforest species with delicate foliage arrangements, also known as the 'alpine filmy-fern'. Members of the "Hymenophyllaceae" family display almost translucent fronds, bearing thickness of just a single cell.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63369107
2,247,792	Solms-laubachia himalayensis is a flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae. The specific epithet "" is from the Latin, meaning "Himalayan".	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51619623
2,247,793	Canarium acutifolium is a forest tree species, of the plant family Burseraceae, growing naturally in New Guinea, the Moluccas, Sulawesi, New Britain, New Ireland, Bougainville and in lowland north-eastern Queensland, Australia.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41068013
2,247,794	Archery at the 2015 Summer Universiade was held in International Archery Center, Gwangju, South Korea from July 4 to 8, 2015. Four competitions were held in men and women's recurve and in men and women's compound.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=47138012
2,247,795	Caprellidira is a parvorder of marine crustaceans of the infraorder Corophiida. The group includes skeleton shrimps (Caprellidae) and whale lice (Cyamidae).	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2236957
2,247,796	Pleistodontes cuneatus is a species of fig wasp which is native to Australia. It has an obligate mutualism with "Ficus platypoda", the fig species it pollinates.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=18392786
2,247,797	Diego García de Leon (born 2 February 1990 in Mexico City) is a Mexican taekwondo practitioner. He competed in the 58 kg event at the 2012 Summer Olympics he was eliminated in the preliminary round by Safwan Khalil. He gave Mexico its second medal at the World University Taekwondo Championships, held in Hohhot, China, by winning bronze in the -58 kilogram category. In 2012, he also won silver medal during US Open held in Las Vegas.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=36717703
2,247,798	Aponogeton ranunculiflorus, the Sehlabathebe water lily, is a tiny and endangered species of aquatic plant, that belongs to the pondweed family Aponogetonaceae. It is protected in the Sehlabathebe National Park in the mountains of Lesotho, where it is very localized, and nearby in the uKhahlamba / Drakensberg Park of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Outside these areas it is seriously threatened. It is found in sandstone rock pools, up to 7 metres deep, and in permanently wet tarns or sensitive high altitude mires, at altitudes between about 2,600 and 3,200 metres. Its spiralled stems allow the flowers to remain at surface level. Threats to the species include overgrazing and trampling by cattle, overburning, erosion and subsistence farming. Their small (1 cm) corms can survive the drying out of the pools, or being frozen into the muddy bottoms.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45593695
2,247,799	Anagrus incarnatus is a species of fairyfly. It is an egg parasitoid of "Cicadella viridis", several genera and species of Delphacidae (Hemiptera), and also "Orthotylus virescens". It's native to the Palearctic.	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39275445

2,247,700

Alkyl chlorides are most easily prepared by treating alcohols with thionyl chloride (SOCl) or phosphorus pentachloride (PCl), but also commonly with sulfuryl chloride (SOCl) and phosphorus trichloride (PCl):

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805

2,247,701

In the laboratory, thionyl chloride is especially convenient, because the byproducts are gaseous. Alternatively, the Appel reaction can be used:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805

2,247,702

Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805

2,247,703

Heating alkyl halides with sodium hydroxide or water gives alcohols. Reaction with alkoxides or aryloxides give ethers in the Williamson ether synthesis; reaction with thiols give thioethers. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction. Reaction with other pseudohalides such as azide, cyanide, and thiocyanate are possible as well. In the presence of a strong base, alkyl chlorides undergo dehydrohalogenation to give alkenes or alkynes.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805

2,247,704

Alkyl chlorides react with magnesium to give Grignard reagents, transforming an electrophilic compound into a nucleophilic compound. The Wurtz reaction reductively couples two alkyl halides to couple with sodium.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805

2,247,705

The largest application of organochlorine chemistry is the production of vinyl chloride. The annual production in 1985 was around 13 million tons, almost all of which was converted into polyvinylchloride (PVC).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805

2,247,706

Most low molecular weight chlorinated hydrocarbons such as chloroform, dichloromethane, dichloroethene, and trichloroethane are useful solvents. These solvents tend to be relatively non-polar; they are therefore immiscible with water and effective in cleaning applications such as degreasing and dry cleaning. Several billion kilograms of chlorinated methanes are produced annually, mainly by chlorination of methane:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805

2,247,707

The most important is dichloromethane, which is mainly used as a solvent. Chloromethane is a precursor to chlorosilanes and silicones. Historically significant, but smaller in scale is chloroform, mainly a precursor to chlorodifluoromethane (CHClF) and tetrafluoroethene which is used in the manufacture of Teflon.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805

2,247,708

The two main groups of organochlorine insecticides are the DDT-type compounds and the chlorinated alicyclics.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805

2,247,709

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were once commonly used electrical insulators and heat transfer agents. Their use has generally been phased out due to health concerns. PCBs were replaced by polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), which bring similar toxicity and bioaccumulation concerns.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805

2,247,710

Some types of organochlorides have significant toxicity to plants or animals, including humans. Dioxins, produced when organic matter is burned in the presence of chlorine, are persistent organic pollutants which pose dangers when they are released into the environment, as are some insecticides (such as DDT). For example, DDT, which was widely used to control insects in the mid-20th century, also accumulates in food chains, as do its metabolites DDE and DDD, and causes reproductive problems (e.g., eggshell thinning) in certain bird species. DDT also posed further issues to the environment as it is extremely mobile, traces even being found in Antarctica despite the chemical never being used there. Some organochlorine compounds, such as sulfur mustards, nitrogen mustards, and Lewisite, are even used as chemical weapons due to their toxicity.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805

2,247,711

However, the presence of chlorine in an organic compound does not ensure toxicity. Some organochlorides are considered safe enough for consumption in foods and medicines. For example, peas and broad beans contain the natural chlorinated plant hormone 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid (4-Cl-IAA); and the sweetener sucralose (Splenda) is widely used in diet products. , at least 165 organochlorides had been approved worldwide for use as pharmaceutical drugs, including the natural antibiotic vancomycin, the antihistamine loratadine (Claritin), the antidepressant sertraline (Zoloft), the anti-epileptic lamotrigine (Lamictal), and the inhalation anesthetic isoflurane.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805

2,247,712

Rachel Carson brought the issue of DDT pesticide toxicity to public awareness with her 1962 book "Silent Spring". While many countries have phased out the use of some types of organochlorides such as the US ban on DDT, persistent DDT, PCBs, and other organochloride residues continue to be found in humans and mammals across the planet many years after production and use have been limited. In Arctic areas, particularly high levels are found in marine mammals. These chemicals concentrate in mammals, and are even found in human breast milk. In some species of marine mammals, particularly those that produce milk with a high fat content, males typically have far higher levels, as females reduce their concentration by transfer to their offspring through lactation.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1271805

2,247,713

NGC 6401 is a globular cluster in the constellation Ophiuchus. William Herschel discovered this star cluster in 1784 with his 47 cm telescope, but mistakenly believed it to be a bright nebula. Later his son, John Herschel, was to make the same error because the technology of the day was insufficient to allow the individual stars to be resolved visually.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39886077

2,247,714

Haplochromis welcommei is a threatened species of cichlid endemic to Lake Victoria in Africa. This species reaches a length of SL. Although further surveys are needed to confirm its status, it is considered possibly extinct by the IUCN on the basis that there have been no definite records since 1985.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12603189

2,247,715

The specific name honours Robin Welcomme, who was a fisheries biologist at the East African Freshwater Fisheries Research Organisation and who collected the type of this species.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12603189

2,247,716

Diophantus is a lunar impact crater that lies in the southwestern part of the Mare Imbrium. It was named after ancient Greek mathematician Diophantus. It forms a pair with the larger crater Delisle to the north. Diophantus has a wide inner wall and a low central rise. To the north of Diophantus is the sinuous rille designated Rima Diophantus, named after the crater. Diophantus C lies near the exterior of the southwest wall.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=999546

2,247,717

This cleft follows a generally east–west path across the Mare Imbrium. It is centered at selenographic coordinates 31.0° N, 32.0° W, and has a maximum diameter of 150 km.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=999546

2,247,718

Several tiny craters north of Diophantus have been assigned names by the IAU. These are listed in the table below.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=999546

2,247,719

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Diophantus.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=999546

2,247,720

Apianus is a lunar impact crater that is located on the rugged south-central highlands of the Moon. It is named after 16th century German mathematician and astronomer Petrus Apianus. It is located to the northeast of the crater Aliacensis, and to the northwest of Poisson. The worn crater Krusenstern is attached to the west-northwestern rim.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1049645

2,247,721

Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, dry savanna, moist savanna, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, freshwater marshes, and intermittent freshwater marshes.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12372342

2,247,722

The outer wall of the crater has been worn and eroded by subsequent impacts, and a pair of small craterlets overlay the rim to the southeast and northeast. The central crater is 63 kilometers in diameter and 2,080 meters deep. The craterlet on the southeast rim, Apianus B, is a member of a cluster of co-joined craterlets that includes Apianus T and Apianus U. The interior floor of the central crater is relatively smooth and lacks a central peak, although the surface appears somewhat convex. Only a few tiny craterlets mark the surface.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1049645

2,247,723

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Apianus.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1049645

2,247,724

Quercus disciformis is a species of tree in the beech family. It has been found only in southern China, in the Provinces of Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, and Hunan.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=47708628

2,247,725

Keeler is a large lunar impact crater that lies on the Moon's far side. It is connected along the eastern edge to Heaviside, a walled plain of similar dimensions. Keeler, however, is the younger of the two formations, with more clearly delineated features. To the northeast of Keeler is the smaller crater Stratton, and to the northwest lies Ventris.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1957237

2,247,726

Huggins is a lunar impact crater that lies in the rugged southern highlands of the Moon's near side. It was named after British astronomer Sir William Huggins in 1935.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1216081

2,247,727

Stictoleptura variicornis is a species of longhorn beetle in the Lepturinae subfamily. It was described by Johan Wilhelm Dalman in 1817 and can be found in Poland, Russia, Ukraine, and the Baltic States. It can also be found in Asian countries like Mongolia and North Korea.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=35514683

2,247,728

The outer rim of Keeler is roughly circular, with a straight segment where it is joined to Heaviside. The northern portion of the rim is more irregular, with an outward protuberance to the north-northwest. Portions of the inner wall have a terrace structure, especially along the southern half. Note the terraced walls of the crater. Within the crater interior, Planté lies on the eastern floor, adjacent to the inner wall. There is an interior ridge that runs from about the midpoint toward the west-southwest. The floor is generally level, with some areas of irregularity to the south. A few small and tiny craterlets mark the interior plain.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1957237

2,247,729

This crater lies across the eastern rim of the larger crater Orontius. The eastern rim of Huggins is laid across in turn by the slightly smaller crater Nasireddin. Thus these three craters form a triplet of decreasing age from west to east. To the northwest of Huggins is Miller, which is attached to the northern rim of Nasireddin.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1216081

2,247,730

The species is brown coloured with blackish-brown legs and antennae. The life span is 3 years, with a flight from June–August.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=35514683

2,247,731

Measurements with the electron reflectometer instrument on board the Lunar Prospector showed that this crater is one of a number of impact sites that show demagnetization. The low magnetic reading lies at the center of this crater, and the reduced field extends outward to about one and a half crater diameters. Scientists believe that shock demagnetization is the cause.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1957237

2,247,732

This crater has been somewhat eroded, but the surviving rim remains relatively well-defined and is only overlaid by a few tiny craterlets. The western half of the interior floor is relatively level, although a small crater, Huggins A, is attached to the inner wall of the northwest rim. There is a central peak formation next to the outer rampart of the intruding Nasireddin.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1216081

2,247,733

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Keeler.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1957237

2,247,734

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Huggins. Huggins A lies within the Huggins crater.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1216081

2,247,735

Mawson Glacier () is a large glacier on the east coast of Victoria Land, Antarctica, descending eastward from the Antarctic Plateau to the north of Trinity Nunatak and the Kirkwood Range, to enter the Ross Sea, where it forms the Nordenskjöld Ice Tongue. The glacier was first mapped by the British Antarctic Expedition (1907–09) and named for Douglas Mawson, the expedition physicist, who later led two other Antarctic expeditions, 1911–14, and 1929–31.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29589054

2,247,736

The 1979 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in Jonquière, Quebec, Canada under the auspices of International Canoe Federation. It was the 16th edition. This marked the first time the championships were held outside Europe. The mixed C2 event was not held at these championships. East Germany did not take part and Czechoslovakia, as the other traditional powerhouse, won only one medal. West Germany won three medals while the United States led the medal count with seven, the first-time an English-speaking country had done so.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=23585393

2,247,737

The 2002 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in Bourg St.-Maurice, France under the auspices of International Canoe Federation for the record-tying third time. It was the 27th edition. Bourg St.-Maurice hosted the championships previously in 1969 and 1987, and matches the times hosted by Spittal, Austria (1963, 1965, 1977) and Meran, Italy (1953, 1971, 1983). Beginning at these championships, this event would be held on an annual basis in non-Summer Olympic years. The 2001 championships were scheduled to take place in Ducktown, Tennessee (East of Chattanooga) in September that year on the canoe slalom course used for the 1996 Summer Olympics in neighboring Atlanta, but were cancelled in the wake of the September 11 attacks.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=23604384

2,247,738

The 2007–2008 UCI Track Cycling World Cup Classics was a multi race competition over a season of track cycling. The season began on 30 November 2007 and ended on 17 February 2008. The World Cup is organised by the UCI. The 2007–2008 series carried vital ranking points towards the 2008 Beijing Olympics. The following tables contain only Olympic events, although many non-Olympic events are still held.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14775357

2,247,739

Reckling Peak is located at the icefalls at the head of Mawson Glacier, which also produced Reckling Moraine. Both Shultz Peak and Mount Armytage are south of the glacier. Battlements Nunatak is near its head.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29589054

2,247,740

Baker Glacier () is a small tributary glacier that enters Whitehall Glacier just north of Martin Hill, in the Victory Mountains of Victoria Land, Antarctica. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and from U.S. Navy air photos, 1960–62, and named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for John R. Baker, biologist at Hallett Station in 1967–68 and 1968–69.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=28913956

2,247,741

Martina Navratilova and Heinz Günthardt were the defending champions but only Navratilova competed that year with Peter Fleming.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=28536571

2,247,742

Protoglossum is a genus of fungus in the family Cortinariaceae. The widespread genus contains eight species. "Protoglossum" was circumscribed by George Edward Massee in 1891.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=31285627

2,247,743

Benin competed at the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London, United Kingdom from August 29 to September 9, 2012. The athlete delegation consisted of one athlete, Constant Kponhinto, who competed in the men's Shot Put F57-58 event, finishing 17th overall with a best throw of 8.25 meters.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=36771964

2,247,744

Dolichoderus affectus is an extinct species of ant in the genus "Dolichoderus". Described by Théobald in 1937, the fossils were discovered in France.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45095136

2,247,745

Cladorhiza inversa is a species of sponge in the taxonomic class Demospongiae. The body of the sponge consists of a spicule and fibers and is water absorbent.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=48587331

2,247,746

Ichnotropis capensis is a species of African lizard, which is native to the southern Afrotropics. It is the type species for the genus "Ichnotropis", and is commonly called the Cape rough-scaled lizard due to them being found in southern Africa's Cape region. They are also called ornate rough-scaled lizard or Smith's rough-scaled sand lizard. The small lizards are terrestrial and occur in grassland, desert and brush areas of southern Africa.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44590346

2,247,747

Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=28536571

2,247,748

Competing in their fourth Paralympic Games, Benin had a one athlete strong delegation, represented by·Constant Kponhinto. Kponhinto served as the country's flag bearer for the Opening Ceremonies. At the time, he lived in Abomey, Benin, the town where he grew up and first took up sport in as a child. He graduated from National University of Benin. Kponhinto had a disability since he was a one-year-old as a result of complications from having contracted polio.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=36771964

2,247,749

"I. capensis" are medium-sized lizards with slender bodies, long tails, and well developed legs. Most of the specimens found are less than 76 mm long in snout–to-vent length (SVL) and share the general characteristics of its genus, including the following:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44590346

2,247,750

The delegation stayed at Lucia Heights and Meander House in the Paralympic Village. Benin and Mauritius were officially welcomed to the Paralympic Village ahead of the Games around the same time. They were welcomed by Paralympic Village Mayor Eva Löffler, daughter of Paralympic Games founder Ludwig Guttmann.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=36771964

2,247,751

"I. capensis" is notably distinct from the genus in that the hind legs do not reach the underarm of the forelimbs. Adults have uniform grey and yellowish brown backs with white lateral stripes that may be bordered with dark black spots. The juvenile has a pale grey and brown back with white lateral stripes.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44590346

2,247,752

Kponhinto arrived in London a week ahead of the Games. While he did some shopping in London, he largely did so within the confines of the Paralympic Village because of self-consciousness about only speaking French.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=36771964

2,247,753

It occurs in semi-arid shrub savannas of Africa, where they seek shelter in soft soiled burrows, under rocks and brush. The species has been reported from South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, and Zambia.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44590346

2,247,754

Constant Kponhinto competed in the men's Shot Put F57-58 event, finishing 17th overall with a best throw of 8.25 meters. While he was disappointed with not performing better in London, he left having bettered his personal best at the Games. He qualified for the Games based on a wildcard invitation, designed to increase the number of countries participating at the Paralympics.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=36771964

2,247,755

These lizards are insectivorous and feed on termites and other small insects. They are active hunters during the day and many specimens have been found around termite mounds.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44590346

2,247,756

Along with other Ichnotropis, this lizard species is semelparous, with little overlap of adult and juveniles life stages. Life expectancy is 13 to 14 months, and mating occurs in the spring with hatchlings appearing in late summer from October to December. Females make an inclining burrow in soft soil 100 to 200 mm long and lay 3-9 eggs (6.5 mm x 9.5 mm). The females may have up to two clutches in their lifetime.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44590346

2,247,757

Based on morphological evidence from the "capensis" species, southern African genus "Ichnotropis" and North American genus "Psammodromus" diverged from a common ancestor in the lineage of "Lacerta lepida" and "Lacerta monticola" during the Oligocene epoch (24 to 36 million years ago).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44590346

2,247,758

It is recorded as prey of the shikra and secretarybird, both birds of prey that are native to Africa. They may have other predators as well, as they are small lizards, but there is no evidence suggesting that they are endangered or hunted by indigenous people who live near their habitat. Apparently hunting does not harm them sufficiently to be considered threatened.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44590346

2,247,759

Jerry Kenneth Martin (born August 18, 1950) is an American former ski jumper. He competed in the normal hill and large hill at the 1972 and 1976 Olympics and placed 27th–36th.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39466885

2,247,760

Conus monile, common name the necklace cone, is a species of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26725123

2,247,761

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are (S)-nicotine, acceptor, and HO, whereas its two products are (S)-6-hydroxynicotine and reduced acceptor.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14161447

2,247,762

Colotis eris, the banded gold tip or black-barred gold tip, is a butterfly of the family Pieridae. It is found in the Afrotropical realm.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=28182859

2,247,763

The 1997 UIAA Climbing World Championships, the 4th edition, were held in Paris, France, from 31 January to 1 February 1997. It was organized by the Union Internationale des Associations d'Alpinisme (UIAA). The championships consisted of lead and speed events.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=68618483

2,247,764

Pediobius is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the chalcid wasp family Eulophidae. Like their relatives, the larvae of these diminutive wasps are parasitoids of various arthropods (mainly insects). Some "Pediobius" are used in biological pest control.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=23976016

2,247,765

In September 1971, Martin lost the right eye in an accident. Yet he won the national ski jumping title in 1971, 1973, and 1975, and competed at the 1970 and 1974 world championships. In 1971 he set the Pine Mountain jump record at 345 feet (105 m).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39466885

2,247,766

Like all species within the genus "Conus", these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26725123

2,247,767

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-NH group of donors with other acceptors. The systematic name of this enzyme class is nicotine:acceptor 6-oxidoreductase (hydroxylating). Other names in common use include nicotine oxidase, D-nicotine oxidase, nicotine:(acceptor) 6-oxidoreductase (hydroxylating), and L-nicotine oxidase. It has 2 cofactors: metal, and FMN.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14161447

2,247,768

In men's lead, François Petit claimed the title. The 15-year-old Chris Sharma took silver, while the defending champion François Legrand took bronze.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=68618483

2,247,769

The size of an adult shell varies between 45 mm and 95 mm. The chestnut-flamed spire is nearly plane, with a raised apex. The body whorl is closely striate below, and generally chestnut-stained at the base. The color of the shell is white, with oblique flames, spots and short lines of chestnut, arranged in revolving series.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26725123

2,247,770

In women's lead, Liv Sansoz took the win. Muriel Sarkany took second place, while Marietta Uhden took third.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=68618483

2,247,771

DNA interstrand cross-links prevent strand separation, thereby physically blocking transcription, replication, and segregation of DNA. DCLRE1B is one of several evolutionarily conserved genes involved in repair of interstrand cross-links (Dronkert et al., 2000).[supplied by OMIM]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=15354697

2,247,772

Aspergillus caespitosus is a species of fungus in the genus "Aspergillus". It was described scientifically in 1944 by Kenneth B. Raper and Charles Thom, who isolated it from soil. It is from the "Nidulantes" section.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37472616

2,247,773

1,4-Cycloheptadiene is a highly flammable cycloalkene that occurs as a colorless clear liquid. It can form a yellow complex with palladium.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41109001

2,247,774

Glaucopsyche argali is a butterfly found in the East Palearctic (Altai) that belongs to the blues family.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56624737

2,247,775

Nigeria competed at the 2013 World Championships in Athletics in Moscow, Russia, from 10–18 August 2013. A team of 17 athletes was announced to represent the country in the event.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40210992

2,247,776

Boreotrophon alaskanus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27097981

2,247,777

"Dermamoeba" has been classified in this group. However, there is recent evidence that it is not closely related to the other members of this group.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=22034120

2,247,778

2009–10 Euro Hockey Tour is the 14th edition of Euro Hockey Tour. There are only four teams: Czech Republic, Finland, Russia and Sweden are competing.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24381698

2,247,779

Aspergillus egyptiacus is a species of fungus in the genus "Aspergillus". It is from the "Cavernicolus" section. The species was first described in 1972. It was isolated from sandy soil in Egypt.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=53676952

2,247,780

Wilhelm Gass (November 28, 1813 – February 21, 1889) was a German theologian born in Breslau. He was the son of theologian Joachim Christian Gass (1766–1831).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21584758

2,247,781

The DCLRE1B/SNM1B/Apollo protein is a repair exonuclease that digests double-stranded and single-stranded DNA with a 5’ to 3’ directionality.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=15354697

2,247,782

"A. caespitosus" has been cultivated on both Czapek yeast extract agar (CYA) plates and Malt Extract Agar Oxoid® (MEAOX) plates. The growth morphology of the colonies can be seen in the pictures below.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37472616

2,247,783

L. argali Elw. This species is said to be allied to "melanops", but to have the upperside pale silver grey. — Elwes discovered this insect in the Altai.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56624737

2,247,784

The shell is bone to creamy white in color with an elevated spire, a very distinct suture, and a strongly curved, long, slender siphonal canal. The shell has two nuclear whorls (which are typically eroded) and five subsequent whorls. The whorls are rounded and bear 8 to 10 narrow varices which are prominent at the shoulder, where they rise into long blunt spines that curve towards the axis of the shell. The aperture is subovate, and the operculum is thin and light brown. Length 14 to 45 mm.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27097981

2,247,785

The tournament consists of four stages: Czech Hockey Games in Czech Republic, Karjala Tournament in Finland, Channel One Cup in Russia and LG Hockey Games in Sweden. The intervals between stages are usually from 1 month to 3 months. In each phase teams played six games.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24381698

2,247,786

"A. egyptiacus" has been cultivated on both Czapek yeast extract agar (CYA) plates and Malt Extract Agar Oxoid® (MEAOX) plates. The growth morphology of the colonies can be seen in the pictures below.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=53676952

2,247,787

He received his education in Breslau, Halle and Berlin, and as a student was influenced by the teachings of August Neander (1789–1850). In 1846 he became an associate professor at the University of Breslau, and during the following year relocated to Greifswald, where in 1855 he achieved the title of "professor ordinarius". In 1862 he was appointed professor of systematic theology at the University of Giessen, and in 1868 moved to Heidelberg as a successor to Richard Rothe (1799–1867). He died in 1889 in Heidelberg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21584758

2,247,788

Using an SNM1B/Apollo knockout mouse model, evidence was obtained that SNM1B/Apollo protein is required to protect telomeres against illegitimate non-homologous end joining that can result in genomic instability and consequently in multi-organ developmental failure.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=15354697

2,247,789

His theological work largely dealt with the history of Protestant dogmatics, studies of the Greek Orthodox Church during the Middle Ages and the history of Christian ethics. Among his more important written works was the four-volume "Geschichte der Lutherischen Dogmatik" (History of Lutheran Dogmatics 1854-67), and an 1846 book on Georgius Calixtus and syncretism called "Georg Calixt und der Synkretismus". Other noted works by Wilhelm Gass include:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21584758

2,247,790

In a human patient with Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome, a dominant negative mutation in the SNM1B/Apollo gene was discovered. This mutation hampered the proper replication of telomeres, leading to major telomeric dysfunction and cellular senescence. SNM1B/Apollo protein appears to be a crucial factor in telomere maintenance, independent of its function in repairing DNA inter-strand crosslinks.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=15354697

2,247,791

Hymenophyllum peltatum (hymen-o-FIL-lum, pel-TAH-tum), is a species of filmy fern widely distributed across Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, South America. Predominantly a rainforest species with delicate foliage arrangements, also known as the 'alpine filmy-fern'. Members of the "Hymenophyllaceae" family display almost translucent fronds, bearing thickness of just a single cell.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63369107

2,247,792

Solms-laubachia himalayensis is a flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae. The specific epithet "" is from the Latin, meaning "Himalayan".

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51619623

2,247,793

Canarium acutifolium is a forest tree species, of the plant family Burseraceae, growing naturally in New Guinea, the Moluccas, Sulawesi, New Britain, New Ireland, Bougainville and in lowland north-eastern Queensland, Australia.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41068013

2,247,794

Archery at the 2015 Summer Universiade was held in International Archery Center, Gwangju, South Korea from July 4 to 8, 2015. Four competitions were held in men and women's recurve and in men and women's compound.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=47138012

2,247,795

Caprellidira is a parvorder of marine crustaceans of the infraorder Corophiida. The group includes skeleton shrimps (Caprellidae) and whale lice (Cyamidae).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2236957

2,247,796

Pleistodontes cuneatus is a species of fig wasp which is native to Australia. It has an obligate mutualism with "Ficus platypoda", the fig species it pollinates.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=18392786

2,247,797

Diego García de Leon (born 2 February 1990 in Mexico City) is a Mexican taekwondo practitioner. He competed in the 58 kg event at the 2012 Summer Olympics he was eliminated in the preliminary round by Safwan Khalil. He gave Mexico its second medal at the World University Taekwondo Championships, held in Hohhot, China, by winning bronze in the -58 kilogram category. In 2012, he also won silver medal during US Open held in Las Vegas.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=36717703

2,247,798

Aponogeton ranunculiflorus, the Sehlabathebe water lily, is a tiny and endangered species of aquatic plant, that belongs to the pondweed family Aponogetonaceae. It is protected in the Sehlabathebe National Park in the mountains of Lesotho, where it is very localized, and nearby in the uKhahlamba / Drakensberg Park of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Outside these areas it is seriously threatened. It is found in sandstone rock pools, up to 7 metres deep, and in permanently wet tarns or sensitive high altitude mires, at altitudes between about 2,600 and 3,200 metres. Its spiralled stems allow the flowers to remain at surface level. Threats to the species include overgrazing and trampling by cattle, overburning, erosion and subsistence farming. Their small (1 cm) corms can survive the drying out of the pools, or being frozen into the muddy bottoms.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45593695

2,247,799

Anagrus incarnatus is a species of fairyfly. It is an egg parasitoid of "Cicadella viridis", several genera and species of Delphacidae (Hemiptera), and also "Orthotylus virescens". It's native to the Palearctic.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39275445