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Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "In addition to his umpiring and coaching after retirement from professional play, Beckley operated a grain business in Kansas City."
}
] |
H2e0ay4JJ9m8XouFka7e
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "In 2016, the Hannibal Cavemen of the Prospect League installed the Jake Beckley ."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "Beckley stated he was willing to go to the PL because \"I'm only in this game for the money anyway."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "In addition to his umpiring and coaching after retirement from professional play, Beckley operated a grain business in Kansas City."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Beckley began playing semi-professional baseball while still a teenager."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "He played with Cincinnati for seven seasons and was later purchased by the Cardinals on February 11, 1904.Beckley retired after the 1907 season with 2,930 career hits, second only to Cap Anson."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "Elected into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1971."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Jacob Peter Beckley (August 4, 1867 – June 25, 1918), nicknamed Eagle Eye, was an American professional baseball first baseman."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "But later when Wagner's Louisville Colonels came to play at Cincinnati, Beckley was successful in getting Wagner out, employing a strategy that involved the use of two baseballs."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "He served as an umpire in the Federal League in 1913 and also served as a baseball coach at William Jewell College in Liberty, Missouri."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A career .308 A career .308 hitter he was elected into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1971 via the Veterans Committee."
}
] |
Jake Beckley did not go into real estate after he retired from baseball.
| 0 | 0 |
Jake Beckley
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Paris (French pronunciation: [paʁi] (listen)) is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,150,271 residents as of 2020, in an area of 105 square kilometres (41 square miles)."
}
] |
H2mGiLJDSOeNOt5MSKoH
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Paris is especially known for its museums and architectural landmarks: the Louvre was the most visited art museum in the world in 2019, with 9.6 million visitors."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Museums",
"text": "The Louvre received 9.6 million visitors in 2019, ranking it the most visited museum in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Museums",
"text": "The second-most visited museum in the city, with 3.5 million visitors, was the Centre Georges Pompidou, also known as Beaubourg, which houses the Musée National d'Art Moderne."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Museums",
"text": "The third most visited Paris museum, in a building constructed for the Paris Universal Exhibition of 1900 as the Orsay railway station, was the Musée d'Orsay, which had 3.3 million visitors in 2019."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Museums",
"text": "The National Museum of Natural History located near the Jardin des plantes attracted two million visitors in 2018."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Museums",
"text": "The Guimet Museum, or Musée national des arts asiatiques, has one of the largest collections of Asian art in Europe."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Museums",
"text": "There are also notable private museums; The Contemporary Art museum of the Louis Vuitton Foundation, designed by architect Frank Gehry, opened in October 2014 in the Bois de Boulogne."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was ranked as the second most visited travel destination in the world in 2019, after Bangkok and just ahead of London."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Museums",
"text": "In addition to the national museums, run by the Ministry of Culture, the City of Paris operates 14 museums, including the Carnavalet Museum on the history of Paris, Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris, Palais de Tokyo, the House of Victor Hugo, the House of Balzac and the Catacombs of Paris."
},
{
"section_header": "Tourism | Monuments and attractions",
"text": "The city's top cultural attraction in 2019 was the Basilica of Sacre-Coeur (11 million visitors), followed by the Louvre (9.6 million visitors); the Eiffel Tower (6.1 million visitors); the Centre Pompidou (3.5 million visitors); and the Musée d'Orsay (3.3 million visitors)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Paris (French pronunciation: [paʁi] (listen)) is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,150,271 residents as of 2020, in an area of 105 square kilometres (41 square miles)."
}
] |
Paris is the capital and second most populous city of France, and is especially known for its museums and architectural landmarks: the Louvre was the most visited art museum in the world in 2019, with 9.6 million visitors.
| 0 | 0 |
Paris
|
Geography
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Originally, it ran 363 miles (584 km) from the Hudson River in Albany to Lake Erie in Buffalo."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Erie Canal is a canal in New York, United States that is part of the east–west, cross-state route of the New York State Canal System (formerly known as the New York State Barge Canal)."
}
] |
H31TXVu1FmJdreYSpNq7
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Old Erie Canal",
"text": "Camillus Erie Canal Park preserves a 7-mile (11 km) stretch and has restored Nine Mile Creek Aqueduct, built in 1841 as part of the First Enlargement of the canal."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Originally, it ran 363 miles (584 km) from the Hudson River in Albany to Lake Erie in Buffalo."
},
{
"section_header": "Construction",
"text": "The first 15 miles (24 km), from Rome to Utica, opened in 1819."
},
{
"section_header": "Proposals and logistics | Passenger boats",
"text": "Packet boats, serving passengers exclusively, reached speeds of up to five miles an hour, and ran at much more frequent intervals than the cramped, bumpy stagecoach wagons."
},
{
"section_header": "20th century",
"text": "While the old Canal ran next to the Mohawk all the way to Rome, the new canal ran through the river, which was straightened or widened where necessary."
},
{
"section_header": "Proposals and logistics | Proposals",
"text": "He later became the first canal commissioner."
},
{
"section_header": "Enlargements and improvements",
"text": "Today, the reconfiguration of the canal created during the First Enlargement is commonly referred to as the \"Improved Erie Canal\" or the \"Old Erie Canal\", to distinguish it from the canal's modern-day course."
},
{
"section_header": "Old Erie Canal",
"text": "In 1960 the Schoharie Crossing State Historic Site, a section of the canal in Montgomery County, was one of the first sites recognized as a National Historic Landmark."
},
{
"section_header": "Old Erie Canal | Parks and museums",
"text": "Old Erie Canal State Historic Park, 36-mile linear park from Rome to DeWitt Erie Canal Village, near Rome Canastota Canal Town Museum, Canastota Chittenango Landing Canal Boat Museum, near Chittenango"
},
{
"section_header": "Proposals and logistics | Engineering requirements",
"text": "The original canal was 363 miles (584 km) long, from Albany on the Hudson to Buffalo on Lake Erie."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Erie Canal is a canal in New York, United States that is part of the east–west, cross-state route of the New York State Canal System (formerly known as the New York State Barge Canal)."
}
] |
The Erie Canal first ran 352 miles.
| 2 | 5 |
Erie Canal
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Battle | Battlefield",
"text": "The battle took place about ten kilometres (six miles) southeast of the town of Brno, between that town and Austerlitz (Czech: Slavkov u Brna) in what is now the Czech Republic."
}
] |
H33e4AMqqXRJ6KSMyhzr
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The battle occurred near the town of Austerlitz in the Austrian Empire (modern-day Slavkov u Brna in the Czech Republic)."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Battlefield",
"text": "The battle took place about ten kilometres (six miles) southeast of the town of Brno, between that town and Austerlitz (Czech: Slavkov u Brna) in what is now the Czech Republic."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Endgame",
"text": "General panic now seized the Allied army and it abandoned the field in all possible directions."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Endgame",
"text": "I was... under fierce and continuous canister fire... Many soldiers, now incessantly engaged in battle from 7 a.m. to 4 p.m., had no cartridges left."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Endgame",
"text": "A famous episode occurred during this retreat: Russian forces that had been defeated by the French right withdrew south towards Vienna via the Satschan frozen ponds."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Endgame",
"text": "Napoleon's focus now shifted towards the southern end of the battlefield where the French and the Allies were still fighting over Sokolnitz and Telnitz."
},
{
"section_header": "Prologue",
"text": "The British government resented having to return the Cape Colony and most of the Dutch West Indian islands to the Batavian Republic."
},
{
"section_header": "Prologue",
"text": "In 1797, after five years of war, the French Republic subdued the First Coalition, an alliance of Austria, Prussia, Great Britain, Spain, and various Italian states."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle",
"text": "The battle began with the French army outnumbered."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle",
"text": "Napoleon had some 72,000 men and 157 guns for the impending battle, with about 7,000 troops under Davout still far to the south in the direction of Vienna."
}
] |
The Battle of Ausrerlitz occurred in what is now the Czech Republic.
| 0 | 0 |
Battle of Austerlitz
|
Science
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Evolution",
"text": "In contrast to plants and animals, the early fossil record of the fungi is meager."
}
] |
H3OHm5JPRNU20jC1mjVQ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Growth and physiology",
"text": "This form of \"radiotrophic\" growth has been described for only a few species, the effects on growth rates are small, and the underlying biophysical and biochemical processes are not well known."
},
{
"section_header": "Ecology",
"text": "Although often inconspicuous, fungi occur in every environment on Earth and play very important roles in most ecosystems."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolution",
"text": "Some time after the Permian–Triassic extinction event (251.4 Ma), a fungal spike (originally thought to be an extraordinary abundance of fungal spores in sediments) formed, suggesting that fungi were the dominant life form at this time, representing nearly 100% of the available fossil record for this period."
},
{
"section_header": "Reproduction | Sexual reproduction",
"text": "Most fungi have both a haploid and a diploid stage in their life cycles."
},
{
"section_header": "Mycology",
"text": "Ancient peoples have used fungi as food sources–often unknowingly–for millennia, in the preparation of leavened bread and fermented juices."
},
{
"section_header": "Ecology | Symbiosis | With plants",
"text": "The mycorrhizal symbiosis is ancient, dating to at least 400 million years ago."
},
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy | Taxonomic groups",
"text": "The symbiotic association between the Glomeromycota and plants is ancient, with evidence dating to 400 million years ago."
},
{
"section_header": "Characteristics",
"text": "There are also single-celled fungi (yeasts) that do not form hyphae, and some fungi have both hyphal and yeast forms."
},
{
"section_header": "Morphology | Macroscopic structures",
"text": "The fruit bodies of the basidiomycetes (basidiocarps) and some ascomycetes can sometimes grow very large, and many are well known as mushrooms."
},
{
"section_header": "Ecology | Symbiosis | With algae and cyanobacteria",
"text": "The fungal part of the relationship is composed mostly of various species of ascomycetes and a few basidiomycetes."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolution",
"text": "In contrast to plants and animals, the early fossil record of the fungi is meager."
}
] |
There are very few remnants if ancient Fungi compared to other cataloged forms of life.
| 1 | 2 |
Fungi
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Chandragupta Maurya (reign: 321–297 BCE) was the founder of the Maurya Empire in ancient India."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was taught and counselled by the philosopher Chanakya, who had great influence in the formation of his empire."
}
] |
H3eCKOvv03eXcQlLp7Nz
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy | In popular culture",
"text": "Chanakya's role in the formation of the Maurya Empire is the essence of a historical/spiritual novel The Courtesan and the Sadhu by Dr. Mysore N. Prakash."
},
{
"section_header": "Empire | Rule",
"text": "Chandragupta applied the statecraft and economic policies described in Chanakya's text Arthashastra."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Conquest of the Nanda empire",
"text": "Magadha was ruled by the Nanda dynasty, which, with Chanakya's counsel, Chandragupta conquered to restore dhamma."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | In popular culture",
"text": "In 2018, a television series called Chandragupta Maurya portrays the life of Chandragupta Maurya."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Conquest of the Nanda empire",
"text": "With the defeat of Nanda, Chandragupta Maurya founded the Maurya Empire in ancient India."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Chandragupta Maurya (reign: 321–297 BCE) was the founder of the Maurya Empire in ancient India."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Chandragupta Maurya was a pivotal figure in the history of India."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Conquest of the Nanda empire",
"text": "The conquest was fictionalised in Mudrarakshasa, in which Chandragupta is said to have first acquired Punjab and allied with a local king named Parvatka under the Chanakya's advice before advancing on the Nanda Empire."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life",
"text": "The early life of Chandragupta Maurya is unclear and varies by source."
},
{
"section_header": "Succession, renunciation, and death",
"text": "Long states scholars attribute the disintegration of the Maurya empire to the times and actions of Samprati Chandragupta – the grandson of Ashoka and great-great-grandson of Chandragupta Maurya."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was taught and counselled by the philosopher Chanakya, who had great influence in the formation of his empire."
}
] |
Chandragupta Maurya was a student of Chanakya's philosophies.
| 2 | 4 |
Chandragupta Maurya
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Haiti ( (listen); French: Haïti [a.iti]; Haitian Creole: Ayiti [ajiti]), officially the Republic of Haiti (French: République d'Haïti; Haitian Creole: Repiblik d Ayiti) formerly founded as Hayti, is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea, to the east of Cuba and Jamaica and south of The Bahamas and the Turks and Caicos Islands."
}
] |
H3nF468ChUvzKqOjbAPp
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "At 27,750 sq km Haiti is the third largest country in the Caribbean behind Cuba and the Dominican Republic, the latter sharing a 360-kilometre (224 mi) border with Haiti."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It occupies the western three-eighths of the island which it shares with the Dominican Republic."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Independent Haiti | Post-Aristide era (2004–present)",
"text": "After numerous postponements, partly owing to the effects of another devastating hurricane, elections were eventually held in November 2016."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Independent Haiti | State of Haiti, Kingdom of Haiti and the Republic (1806–1820)",
"text": "Pétion's republic was less absolutist, and he initiated a series of land reforms which benefited the peasant class."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Independent Haiti | Loss of the Spanish portion of the island",
"text": "With the war against the Dominicans having become very unpopular in Haiti, it was beyond the power of the new president, General Jean-Baptiste Riché, to stage another invasion."
},
{
"section_header": "Infrastructure | Bus service",
"text": "Tap tap buses are colorfully painted buses or pick-up trucks that serve as share taxis."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Independent Haiti | United States occupation (1915–1934)",
"text": "The constitution (written by future US President Franklin D. Roosevelt) included a clause that allowed, for the first time, foreign ownership of land in Haiti, which was bitterly opposed by the Haitian legislature and citizenry."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "The name Haiti (or Hayti) comes from the indigenous Taíno language which was the native name given to the entire island of Hispaniola to mean, \"land of high mountains."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Colonial era | Spanish rule (1492–1625)",
"text": "Navigator Christopher Columbus landed in Haiti on 6 December 1492, in an area that he named Môle-Saint-Nicolas, and claimed the island for the Crown of Castile."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Independent Haiti | Post-Duvalier era (1986–2004)",
"text": "Another coup followed in September 1988, after the St. Jean Bosco massacre in which 13–50 people (estimates vary) attending a mass led by prominent government critic and Catholic priest Jean-Bertrand Aristide were killed."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Haiti ( (listen); French: Haïti [a.iti]; Haitian Creole: Ayiti [ajiti]), officially the Republic of Haiti (French: République d'Haïti; Haitian Creole: Repiblik d Ayiti) formerly founded as Hayti, is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea, to the east of Cuba and Jamaica and south of The Bahamas and the Turks and Caicos Islands."
}
] |
Haiti shares land with another country.
| 2 | 4 |
Haiti
|
Music
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Creation (1990–1999)",
"text": "The idea to create Gorillaz came about when Albarn and Hewlett were watching MTV."
}
] |
H56brSBAbVATJ37YZvYi
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Members",
"text": "the notion of what a band could be.\" Live Band Members"
},
{
"section_header": "History | Gorillaz (2000–03)",
"text": "With Gorillaz, Albarn began to branch out into other genres which he had not explored with Blur, such as hip-hop, dub and Latin music, a process he described as liberating: \" One of the reasons I began Gorillaz is I had a lot of rhythms I never thought I could use with Blur."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Creation (1990–1999)",
"text": "The idea to create Gorillaz came about when Albarn and Hewlett were watching MTV."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Hiatus and Humanz (2014–17)",
"text": ", so we released it because we had imagined that happening"
},
{
"section_header": "History | Demon Days (2004–07)",
"text": "We even have that finish-each-other’s-sentences thing happening."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Creation (1990–1999)",
"text": "Hewlett said, \"If you watch MTV for too long, it's a bit like hell – there's nothing of substance there."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Plastic Beach and The Fall (2008–13)",
"text": "In April 2012, Albarn told The Guardian that he and Hewlett had fallen out and that future Gorillaz projects were \"unlikely\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Creation (1990–1999)",
"text": "Despite this, Albarn and Hewlett started sharing a flat on Westbourne Grove in London in 1997."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Hiatus and Humanz (2014–17)",
"text": "And I said, 'Yeah, sure.' I started work on it straight away, learning to draw the characters again."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Hiatus and Humanz (2014–17)",
"text": "Hewlett described the moment when he and Albarn agreed to continue Gorillaz at an afterparty after one of Albarn's solo shows in 2014: \"We'd had a bit to drink, and he said, 'Do you want to do another one?'"
}
] |
The thought to start Gorillaz happened when one of its future members was watching VH1.
| 0 | 1 |
Gorillaz
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and acting background",
"text": "One agent suggested he change his name to Lenny Williams to appeal to the American audience, which he refused."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and acting background",
"text": "In the beginning of his career, DiCaprio had difficulty finding an agent."
}
] |
H5KYyZJCCkNWCwu6WYBK
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and acting background",
"text": "DiCaprio was named Leonardo because his pregnant mother was looking at a Leonardo da Vinci painting in the Uffizi museum in Florence, Italy, when he first kicked."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and acting background",
"text": "DiCaprio got a break that year when he was cast in Parenthood, a series based on a successful comedy film of same name."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and acting background",
"text": "One agent suggested he change his name to Lenny Williams to appeal to the American audience, which he refused."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and acting background",
"text": "In the beginning of his career, DiCaprio had difficulty finding an agent."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and acting background",
"text": "By the early 1990s, he began acting regularly on television, starting with a role in the pilot of The Outsiders (1990) and one episode of the soap opera Santa Barbara (1990), in which he played the young Mason Capwell."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception and acting style",
"text": "In 2016, he was named one of the 100 most influential people in the world by Time magazine."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and acting background",
"text": "DiCaprio has said he hated public school, and often asked his mother to take him to auditions instead to improve their financial situation."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2002–2009: Move into film production",
"text": "In 2004, DiCaprio founded the production company Appian Way Productions, taking its name from the Italian road of the same name."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and acting background",
"text": "His work that year earned him two nominations at the 12th Youth in Film Awards—Best Young Actor in a Daytime Series for Santa Barbara and Best Young Actor Starring in a New Television Series for Parenthood."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception and acting style",
"text": "And he can do it take after take."
}
] |
The award-winning actor, Leonardo DiCaprio, had a problem finding a representative in his early acting years and was advised to take on a different name.
| 0 | 0 |
Leonardo DiCaprio
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Early in the conflict, McClellan was appointed to the rank of major general and played an important role in raising a well-trained and organized army, which would become the Army of the Potomac in the Eastern Theater; he served a brief period (November 1861 to March 1862) as general-in-chief of the Union Army."
}
] |
H5UlwTZzkYfznKGsDwWK
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Selected works",
"text": "The Life, Campaigns, and Public Services of General George B McClellan."
},
{
"section_header": "Family",
"text": "McClellan's son, George B. McClellan Jr. (1865–1940), was born in Dresden in the Kingdom of Saxony during the family's first trip to Europe."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Several geographic features and establishments have been named for George B. McClellan."
},
{
"section_header": "Selected works",
"text": "85,094 (44.9%) The Mexican War Diary of George B. McClellan (William Starr Myers, Editor)."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The Fire Department of New York operated a fireboat named George B. McClellan from 1904 to 1954."
},
{
"section_header": "Selected works",
"text": "The Report of Captain George B. McClellan, One of the Officers Sent to the Seat of War in Europe, in 1855 and 1856, 1857."
},
{
"section_header": "Selected works",
"text": "New York: New York: G.P. Putnam, 1864. Report of Major General George B McClellan, Upon the Organization of the Army of the Potomac and Its campaigns in Virginia and Maryland."
},
{
"section_header": "Civil War | Peninsula Campaign",
"text": "During this time, General Johnston was able to provide Magruder with reinforcements, but even then there were far fewer troops than McClellan believed"
},
{
"section_header": "Electoral history",
"text": "Abraham Lincoln/Andrew Johnson (National Union) – 2,218,388 (55.0%) and 212 electoral votes George B. McClellan/George H. Pendleton (Democratic) – 1,812,807 (45.0%) and 21 electoral votes (3 states carried)New Jersey gubernatorial election, 1877: George B. McClellan (D) – 97,837 (51.7%) William Augustus Newell (R) –"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career",
"text": "One of their great-grandfathers was Samuel McClellan of Woodstock, Connecticut, a brigadier general who served during the Revolutionary War."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Early in the conflict, McClellan was appointed to the rank of major general and played an important role in raising a well-trained and organized army, which would become the Army of the Potomac in the Eastern Theater; he served a brief period (November 1861 to March 1862) as general-in-chief of the Union Army."
}
] |
George B. McClellan was a general during the Civil War.
| 0 | 0 |
George B. McClellan
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Henry Dashwood, his second wife, and their three daughters live for many years with Henry's wealthy bachelor uncle at Norland Park, a large country estate in Sussex."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "That uncle decides, in late life, to will the use and income only of his property first to Henry, then to Henry's first son (by his first marriage) John Dashwood, so that the property should pass intact to John's three-year-old son Harry."
}
] |
H6A1jcSovo1ZdWAJHBiF
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "that started when he was studying with her uncle, and she displays proof of their intimacy."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | Main characters",
"text": "She is 19 years old at the beginning of the book."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | Main characters",
"text": "She is 16 years old at the beginning of the book."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | Main characters",
"text": "He is 35 years old at the beginning of the book."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | Main characters",
"text": "Marianne undergoes the most development within the book, learning her sensibilities have been selfish."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | Minor characters",
"text": "The marriage was an unhappy one, and it is revealed that her daughter was left as Colonel Brandon's ward when he found his lost love dying in a poorhouse."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | Minor characters",
"text": "She is thirteen at the beginning of the book."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | Main characters",
"text": "It is generally presumed by many of their mutual acquaintances that he is engaged to marry Marianne (partly due to her own overly familiar actions, e.g., addressing personal letters directly to him); however, he abruptly ends his acquaintance with the family and leaves town just when an engagement with Marianne seems imminent, and it is later revealed that he becomes engaged to the wealthy Sophia Grey because of the discontinuance of his financial support from his aunt."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | Minor characters",
"text": "She is 40 years old at the beginning of the book."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | Minor characters",
"text": "Sir John Middleton – a distant relative of Mrs Dashwood who, after the death of Henry Dashwood, invites her and her three daughters to live in a cottage on his property."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Henry Dashwood, his second wife, and their three daughters live for many years with Henry's wealthy bachelor uncle at Norland Park, a large country estate in Sussex."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "That uncle decides, in late life, to will the use and income only of his property first to Henry, then to Henry's first son (by his first marriage) John Dashwood, so that the property should pass intact to John's three-year-old son Harry."
}
] |
The book starts off by the rich aunt of the main character dying and ceding her property to to him.
| 0 | 0 |
Sense and Sensibility
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The original story combines religious conflict, intrigue, and revenge, set against a backdrop of the struggle for supremacy between Spain and the Ottoman Empire in the Mediterranean that takes place on the island of Malta."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The plot primarily revolves around a Maltese Jewish merchant named Barabas."
}
] |
H719xCKtskxNYN0RqF6Y
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The play opens with the character Machiavel, a Senecan ghost based on Niccolò Machiavelli, introducing \"the tragedy of a Jew.\" Machiavel expresses the cynical view that power is amoral, saying \"I count religion but a childish toy, / And hold there is no sin but ignorance.\" Barabas begins the play in his counting-house."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | History of Elizabethan antisemitism",
"text": "Lacking actual interaction with Jewish people, English authors often resorted to dressing, voicing, and animating Jewish characters in fictive ways that may have exaggerated their differences in a pejorative, antisemitic manner."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The plot primarily revolves around a Maltese Jewish merchant named Barabas."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The original story combines religious conflict, intrigue, and revenge, set against a backdrop of the struggle for supremacy between Spain and the Ottoman Empire in the Mediterranean that takes place on the island of Malta."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | The Merchant of Venice",
"text": "While critics debate whether or not The Jew of Malta was a direct influence, or merely a product of the contemporaneous society that they both were written in, it is noteworthy that Marlowe and Shakespeare were the only two British playwrights of their time to include a Jewish principal character in one of their plays."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Stripped of all he has for protesting the Governor of Malta's seizure of the wealth of the country's whole Jewish population to pay off the warring Turks, he develops a murderous streak by, with the help of his slave Ithamore, tricking the Governor's son and his friend into fighting over the affections of his daughter, Abigail."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | Authorship",
"text": "Heywood is also sometimes thought to have revised the play."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | The Merchant of Venice",
"text": "Some critics have suggested that the play directly influenced Marlowe's contemporary, William Shakespeare, in the writing of his play The Merchant of Venice (written c. 1596–99)."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | History of Elizabethan antisemitism",
"text": "These tropes could also have contributed to the popularity of plays such as Marlowe's The Jew of Malta."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance and reception",
"text": "The play was revived by Edmund Kean at Drury Lane on 24 April 1818."
}
] |
The play is based in the Mediterranean and a Jewish seller of goods.
| 0 | 0 |
The Jew of Malta
|
Literature
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas: A World Tour Underwater (French: Vingt mille lieues sous les mers: Tour du monde sous-marin) is a classic science fiction adventure novel by French writer Jules Verne."
}
] |
H8jHknwn5FueTyC5JZTi
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "English translations",
"text": "which, in French, actually means Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas)."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "when the book's French title is correctly translated: rendered literally, it should read “Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas” (not “Sea”)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas: A World Tour Underwater (French: Vingt mille lieues sous les mers: Tour du monde sous-marin) is a classic science fiction adventure novel by French writer Jules Verne."
},
{
"section_header": "English translations",
"text": "In 1998 William Butcher issued a new, annotated translation with the title Twenty Thousand Leagues under the Seas and published by Oxford University Press; (ISBN 0-19-953927-8)."
},
{
"section_header": "Recurring themes in later books",
"text": "Though also widely published and translated, Facing the Flag never achieved the lasting popularity of Twenty Thousand Leagues."
},
{
"section_header": "Recurring themes in later books",
"text": "Its air tanks could hold only thirty atmospheres, however Nemo claims that his futuristic adaptation could do far better: \"The Nautilus's pumps allow me to store air under considerable pressure ... my diving equipment can supply breathable air for nine or ten hours.\" As noted above, Hetzel and Verne generated a sequel of sorts to this novel: L'Île mystérieuse (The Mysterious Island, 1874), which attempts to round off narratives begun in Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas and Captain Grant's Children,"
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and variations",
"text": "In Walt Disney's 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea (1954), a live-action Technicolor film of the novel, Captain Nemo seems European, albeit dark-complected."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "The title refers to the distance traveled under the various seas and not to any depth attained, since 20,000 leagues (80,000 km) is nearly twice the circumference of the Earth; the greatest depth reached in the novel is four leagues."
},
{
"section_header": "English translations",
"text": "In 2010 Frederick Paul Walter issued a fully revised, newly researched translation, 20,000 Leagues Under the Seas: A World Tour Underwater."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes and subtext",
"text": "Indeed, the novel has an under-the-counter political vision, hinted at in the character and background of Captain Nemo himself."
}
] |
Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea is a classic book not by Captain Nemo.
| 2 | 2 |
Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea
|
History
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Battle, April 6 (first day: Confederate assault) | Evening lull",
"text": "Lick 'em tomorrow, though.\" Beauregard sent a telegram to President Davis announcing a complete victory."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle, April 6 (first day: Confederate assault) | Evening lull",
"text": "He later admitted, \"I thought I had Grant just where I wanted him and could finish him up in the morning."
}
] |
H91h8jLeflDScJPWM4Si
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Battle, April 6 (first day: Confederate assault) | Grant and his army rally",
"text": "Johnston himself ended up personally intervening to help prevent the looting and get his army back on track."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Beauregard acknowledged how tired the army was from the day's exertions and decided against assaulting the final Union position that night."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "Was Won, directed by John Ford."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle, April 6 (first day: Confederate assault) | Evening lull",
"text": "The evening of April 6 was a dispiriting end to the first day of one of the bloodiest battles in American history."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Reactions and effects",
"text": "In his 1885 memoirs, he wrote: Some of these critics claim that Shiloh was won when Johnston fell, and that if he had not fallen the army under me would have been annihilated or captured."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle, April 6 (first day: Confederate assault) | Defense at Pittsburg Landing",
"text": "The advance of Buell's army, Col. Jacob Ammen's brigade of Bull Nelson's division, arrived in time to be ferried over and join the left end of the line."
},
{
"section_header": "Opposing forces and initial movements | Johnston's plan",
"text": "It ended up taking Johnston 3 days to move his army just 23 miles."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Subsequent events",
"text": "The Union General Lew Wallace was heavily criticized for failing to get his division into the battle until 1830 hours, near the end of combat on the first day."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Confederate forces were forced to retreat, ending their hopes of blocking the Union advance into northern Mississippi."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle, April 6 (first day: Confederate assault) | Grant and his army rally",
"text": "The Confederate assault, despite its shortcomings, was ferocious, causing some of the numerous inexperienced Union soldiers in Grant's new army to flee to the river for safety."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle, April 6 (first day: Confederate assault) | Evening lull",
"text": "Lick 'em tomorrow, though.\" Beauregard sent a telegram to President Davis announcing a complete victory."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle, April 6 (first day: Confederate assault) | Evening lull",
"text": "He later admitted, \"I thought I had Grant just where I wanted him and could finish him up in the morning."
}
] |
The Confederate Army was sure they had won at the end of the first day's battle.
| 0 | 3 |
Battle of Shiloh
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Hugo's sources",
"text": "In 1841, Hugo saved a prostitute from arrest for assault."
},
{
"section_header": "Hugo's sources",
"text": "He used a short part of his dialogue with the police when recounting Valjean's rescue of Fantine in the novel."
}
] |
H9nsLoqbmykanOB5ZHD8
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Les Misérables (, French: [le mizeʁabl(ə)]) is a French historical novel by Victor Hugo, first published in 1862, that is considered one of the greatest novels of the 19th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Hugo's sources",
"text": "Hugo had used the departure of prisoners from the Bagne of Toulon in one of his early stories, Le Dernier Jour d'un Condamné."
},
{
"section_header": "Hugo's sources",
"text": "An incident Hugo witnessed in 1829 involved three strangers and a police officer."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Sequels",
"text": "Laura Kalpakian's Cosette: The Sequel to Les Misérables was published in 1995."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "ISBN 978-0141393599 Since its original publication, Les Misérables has been the subject of a large number of adaptations in numerous types of media, such as books, films, musicals, plays and games."
},
{
"section_header": "Hugo's sources",
"text": "Victor Hugo drew his inspiration from everything he heard and saw, writing it down in his diary."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Les Misérables has been popularized through numerous adaptations for film, television and the stage, including a musical."
},
{
"section_header": "Hugo's sources",
"text": "The officer was taking him to the coach."
},
{
"section_header": "Novel form",
"text": "Wherever men go in ignorance or despair, wherever women sell themselves for bread, wherever children lack a book to learn from or a warm hearth, Les Misérables knocks at the door and says: \"open up, I am here for you\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | The narrator",
"text": "Hugo does not give the narrator a name and allows the reader to identify the narrator with the novel's author."
},
{
"section_header": "Hugo's sources",
"text": "In 1841, Hugo saved a prostitute from arrest for assault."
},
{
"section_header": "Hugo's sources",
"text": "He used a short part of his dialogue with the police when recounting Valjean's rescue of Fantine in the novel."
}
] |
The author of Les Misérables, Victor Hugo, used his own experience stopping an officer from detaining a lady of the evening to inform a similar scene in his book.
| 0 | 0 |
Les Misérables
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lee's difficulty in replacing his lost men, as well as his inability to prevent the Union withdrawal, effectively led to his great victory being regarded as a Pyrrhic one."
}
] |
HAQe5lyOs7X1edqa6Pzc
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Battle | May 1: Hooker passes on opportunity",
"text": "The Union general organized a counterattack that recovered the lost ground."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Casualties",
"text": "The Union lost three generals in the campaign: Maj. Gens."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | May 2: Jackson's flank attack",
"text": "Eight of the 27 regiments in the corps had never been in battle before, while the remaining 21 had never been on the winning side of a battle."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | May 1: Hooker passes on opportunity",
"text": "Meade exclaimed, \"My God, if we can't hold the top of the hill, we certainly can't hold the bottom of it!\" Viewing through the lens of hindsight, some of the participants and many modern historians judged that Hooker effectively lost the campaign on May 1."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | May 2: Jackson's flank attack",
"text": "He stood shouting and waving a flag held under the stump of his amputated arm lost at the Battle of Seven Pines in 1862, ignoring the danger of the heavy rifle fire, but he could only gather small pockets of soldiers to resist before his corps disintegrated."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | May 4–6: Union withdrawals",
"text": "Lee ordered McLaws to engage from the west \"to prevent [the enemy] concentrating on General Early.\"Early"
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | May 3: Chancellorsville",
"text": "The soldiers of the two halves of Lee's army reunited shortly after 10 a.m. before the Chancellor mansion, wildly triumphant as Lee arrived on Traveller to survey the scene of his victory."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | May 1: Hooker passes on opportunity",
"text": "Jackson believed that Hooker would retreat across the Rappahannock, but Lee assumed that the Union general had invested too much in the campaign to withdraw so precipitously."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Assessment of Hooker",
"text": "Gen. Edmund Kirby. Hooker, who began the campaign believing he had \"80 chances in 100 to be successful\", lost the battle through miscommunication, the incompetence of some of his leading generals (most notably Howard and Stoneman, but also Sedgwick), but mostly through the collapse of his own confidence."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Casualties",
"text": "Just as seriously, he lost his most aggressive field commander, Stonewall Jackson."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lee's difficulty in replacing his lost men, as well as his inability to prevent the Union withdrawal, effectively led to his great victory being regarded as a Pyrrhic one."
}
] |
This battle was a technical win for General Lee but he lost many soldiers.
| 0 | 0 |
Battle of Chancellorsville
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The academy traces its roots to 1801, when President Thomas Jefferson directed that plans be set in motion to establish the United States Military Academy at West Point."
}
] |
HBUav4zrAQKm35vRLfXs
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Traditions | Goat-Engineer game",
"text": "The location has changed over the years, with recent venues being Shea Stadium, Michie Stadium, and Daly Field."
},
{
"section_header": "Cadet life | Life in the corps",
"text": "The student body has recently been around 20% female."
},
{
"section_header": "Administration | Admission requirements",
"text": "The scholarships usually cover around $7,000 to civilian universities; the students who receive these scholarships do so under the stipulation that they will be admitted to and attend West Point a year later."
},
{
"section_header": "Athletics | Football",
"text": "The 2015 football season marked Navy's fourteenth consecutive victory over Army, the longest streak in the series since inception."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Colonial period, founding, and early years",
"text": "In its tumultuous early years, the academy featured few standards for admission or length of study."
},
{
"section_header": "Curriculum | Military",
"text": "Cadets also have the opportunity during their second, third and fourth summers to serve in active army units and military schools around the world."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Colonial period, founding, and early years",
"text": "Cadets ranged in age from 10 years to 37 years and attended between 6 months to 6 years."
},
{
"section_header": "Notable alumni",
"text": "The academy has produced many notable generals during its 212 years."
},
{
"section_header": "Administration | Academy leadership",
"text": "The academy is also overseen by the Board of Visitors (BOV)."
},
{
"section_header": "Administration | Academy leadership",
"text": "The academy is a direct reporting unit, and as such, the Superintendent reports directly to the Army Chief of Staff (CSA).There are two other general officer positions at the academy."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The academy traces its roots to 1801, when President Thomas Jefferson directed that plans be set in motion to establish the United States Military Academy at West Point."
}
] |
The Academy has been around for over 200 years.
| 0 | 0 |
United States Military Academy
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Karen Blixen moved to British East Africa in late 1913, at the age of 28, to marry her second cousin, the Swedish Baron Bror von Blixen-Finecke, and make a life in the British colony known today as Kenya."
}
] |
HBgdOVtLE6quIhnHyNJz
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "The Blixens’ marriage started well – Karen and Bror went on hunting safaris which Karen later remembered as paradisiacal."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Out of Africa is a memoir by the Danish author Karen Blixen."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Contrasts and opposites",
"text": "Perhaps her greatest elucidation of this idea comes in Shadows on the Grass, which she wrote thirty years after leaving Kenya: Two homogenous units will never be capable of forming a whole… Man and woman become one"
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Written by Kurt Luedtke and drawing heavily on two biographies of Blixen, it is a compressed chronological recounting of Blixen's Kenyan years that focuses particularly on her troubled marriage and her affair with Finch Hatton."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure and style",
"text": "But by the time that Blixen was finishing the manuscript for Out of Africa at the age of 51, the Kenya protectorate of her younger years was a thing of the past."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The book, first published in 1937, recounts events of the seventeen years when Blixen made her home in Kenya, then called British East Africa."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Karen Blixen moved to British East Africa in late 1913, at the age of 28, to marry her second cousin, the Swedish Baron Bror von Blixen-Finecke, and make a life in the British colony known today as Kenya."
},
{
"section_header": "Major characters",
"text": "British colonial authorities had appointed him the highest-ranking chief among the Kikuyu in Blixen's region because they couldn't get along with his predecessor; as such he was a significant authority figure for the Kikuyu who lived on her farm."
},
{
"section_header": "Major characters",
"text": "He began as a farmer and trader, but later became a white hunter – and he was well liked by many Africans."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It provides a vivid snapshot of African colonial life in the last decades of the British Empire."
}
] |
The author, Karen Blixen, went to Kenya when she was nearly thirty to enter an incestuous marriage with a Baron/coffee farmer, which lasted 12 years.
| 0 | 0 |
Out of Africa
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Boston Red Sox | Criticism and controversies",
"text": "The resistance to signing black players by the Red Sox, who were the last major league team to integrate, has led to assertions of Yawkey being racist."
}
] |
HBnb5IJUoQKGkYVPYJEu
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Boston Red Sox | Criticism and controversies",
"text": "As owner of the Boston Red Sox, the team's policy on integration ultimately was Yawkey's responsibility."
},
{
"section_header": "Boston Red Sox | Criticism and controversies",
"text": "The resistance to signing black players by the Red Sox, who were the last major league team to integrate, has led to assertions of Yawkey being racist."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 2018, the Red Sox publicly distanced themselves from Yawkey, due to allegations of racism and resistance to baseball's integration."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal",
"text": "left field wall. The only full-length biography of Yawkey is entitled Tom Yawkey: Patriarch of the Boston Red Sox."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal",
"text": "Tom and Jean Yawkey had no children."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born in Detroit, Yawkey became president of the Boston Red Sox in 1933 and was the sole owner of the team for 44 seasons, longer than anyone else in baseball history."
},
{
"section_header": "Boston Red Sox | Criticism and controversies",
"text": "The Red Sox had multiple black players in their farm system during the 1950s, with the team failing to promote them despite the successes other teams realized after integrating black players."
},
{
"section_header": "Boston Red Sox | Criticism and controversies",
"text": "Fitzpatrick would continue as Red Sox clubhouse attendant for 15 years after Tom Yawkey’s death."
},
{
"section_header": "Boston Red Sox",
"text": "The Red Sox had been the dregs of the American League for more than a decade following the infamous Babe Ruth sale to the New York Yankees by former owner Harry Frazee before the 1920 season, and had just finished the 1932 season with a record of 43–111 (.279)—still"
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Yawkey was a popular figure in Boston and a respected voice in major league councils, as evidenced by his fellow American League owners naming him vice president between 1956 and 1973, though fellow owners regarded him as a \"strange fish\" in the words of one contemporary sports writer for Yawkey's willingness to spend lavishly on salaries and perks for star players at the expense of profits."
}
] |
Tom Yawkey was the owner of the Boston Red Sox and an integrator.
| 0 | 0 |
Tom Yawkey
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Early development",
"text": "Baidu's first office was located in a hotel room, which was near Peking University from where Robin graduated."
}
] |
HC1xcPc1Y7DtOfkwxV0R
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In December 2007, Baidu became the first Chinese company to be included in the NASDAQ-100 index."
},
{
"section_header": "Advertisements",
"text": "Recently, a third-party company began to develop a tool with an English-language interface for Baidu advertising programs."
},
{
"section_header": "Services",
"text": "Baidu is the first Chinese search engine to receive such a license."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early development",
"text": "Launched in 1996, RankDex was the first search engine that used hyperlinks to measure the quality of websites it was indexing."
},
{
"section_header": "Advertisements",
"text": "Baidu's web administrative tools are all in Chinese, which makes it tough for non-Chinese speakers to use."
},
{
"section_header": "Services",
"text": "The multimedia search feature is mainly used in searches for Chinese pop music."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In October 2018, Baidu became the first Chinese firm to join the United States-based computer ethics consortium Partnership on AI."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early development",
"text": "Smaller than a typical smartphone, the 140-gram translation device can also be used as a portable Wi-Fi router and is able to operate on networks in 80 countries, it is still under development currently."
},
{
"section_header": "Advertisements | Baidu TV",
"text": "Baidu operates its advertising service, Baidu TV, in partnership with Ads it!"
},
{
"section_header": "Services",
"text": "Baidu Wireless provides various services for mobile phones, including a Chinese-input front end processor (FEP) for various popular operating systems including Android, Symbian S60v5, and Windows Mobile."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early development",
"text": "Baidu's first office was located in a hotel room, which was near Peking University from where Robin graduated."
}
] |
The Chinese company Baidu used to operate out of a garage when it first began.
| 0 | 0 |
Baidu
|
Popular Culture
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reaction",
"text": "Driving Miss Daisy was well received by critics, with particular emphasis on the screenplay & Morgan Freeman's and Jessica Tandy's performances."
}
] |
HCEEOkTQTJFfCOnfaULE
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reaction",
"text": "Gene Siskel of the Chicago Tribune declared Driving Miss Daisy one of the best films of 1989."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Driving Miss Daisy was a critical and commercial success upon its release and at the 62nd"
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reaction",
"text": "Driving Miss Daisy was well received by critics, with particular emphasis on the screenplay & Morgan Freeman's and Jessica Tandy's performances."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Awards and nominations",
"text": "Lee later reflected on the controversial decision by saying that Driving Miss Daisy was \"not being taught in film schools all across the world like Do the Right Thing is.\" Driving Miss Daisy received 9 Academy Award nominations and also achieved the following distinctions in Oscar history: It is the only film based on an off-Broadway production ever to win Best Picture."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Miss Daisy at first refuses to let anyone else drive her, but gradually accedes to the arrangement."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Driving Miss Daisy is a 1989 American comedy-drama film directed by Bruce Beresford and written by Alfred Uhry, based on Uhry's 1987 play of the same name."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Boolie, now 65, drives Hoke to the retirement home to visit Miss Daisy, now 97."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "Driving Miss Daisy was given a limited release on December 15, 1989, earning $73,745 in three theaters."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reaction",
"text": "\"On the other hand, the film has been criticized for its handling of the issue of racism."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "After Idella dies during the spring of 1963, rather than hire a new housekeeper, Miss Daisy decides to care for her own house and have Hoke do the cooking and the driving."
}
] |
Driving Miss Daisy was very unpopular among the film critics.
| 1 | 7 |
Driving Miss Daisy
|
Science
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A prominent result is the Great Red Spot, a giant storm that is known to have existed since at least the 17th century when it was first seen by telescope."
}
] |
HCGlimRQqsbrFjiQrtrB
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Jupiter is one of the brightest objects visible to the naked eye in the night sky, and has been known to ancient civilizations since before recorded history."
},
{
"section_header": "History of research and exploration | Ground-based telescope research",
"text": "It was recorded as fading again in 1883 and at the start of the 20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "History of research and exploration | Exploration | Galileo mission",
"text": "The recorded temperature was more than 300 °C (>570 °F) and the windspeed measured more than 644 km/h (>400 mph) before the probes vapourised."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Jupiter is primarily composed of hydrogen with a quarter of its mass being helium, though helium comprises only about a tenth of the number of molecules."
},
{
"section_header": "Interaction with the Solar System | Impacts",
"text": "It was later determined, however, that these candidate sites had little or no possibility of being the results of the proposed impacts."
},
{
"section_header": "Physical characteristics | Atmosphere | Great Red Spot and other vortices",
"text": "Even before Voyager proved that the feature was a storm, there was strong evidence that the spot could not be associated with any deeper feature on the planet's surface, as the Spot rotates differentially with respect to the rest of the atmosphere, sometimes faster and sometimes more slowly."
},
{
"section_header": "Physical characteristics | Atmosphere | Great Red Spot and other vortices",
"text": "Jupiter also has white ovals and brown ovals, which are lesser unnamed storms."
},
{
"section_header": "History of research and exploration | Ground-based telescope research",
"text": "One day after Galileo, Simon Marius independently discovered moons around Jupiter, though he did not publish his discovery in a book until 1614."
},
{
"section_header": "Physical characteristics | Internal structure",
"text": "Physically, there is no clear boundary—the gas smoothly becomes hotter and denser as one descends."
},
{
"section_header": "Mythology",
"text": "The ancient Greeks knew the planet as Phaethon, meaning \"shining one\" or \"blazing star."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A prominent result is the Great Red Spot, a giant storm that is known to have existed since at least the 17th century when it was first seen by telescope."
}
] |
There is a storm on Jupiter that has been there since before the 1600's, when records started to be kept.
| 1 | 2 |
Jupiter
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Islamic period and the Reconquista",
"text": "Today's continental Portugal, along with most of modern Spain, was part of al-Andalus between 726 and 1249, following the Umayyad Caliphate conquest of the Iberian Peninsula."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Roman Lusitania and Gallaecia",
"text": "Romans first invaded the Iberian Peninsula in 219 BC."
}
] |
HCYZqr3eXyQfuNgSs127
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Germanic kingdoms: Suebi and Visigoths",
"text": "In the early 5th century, Germanic tribes, namely the Suebi and the Vandals (Silingi and Hasdingi) together with their allies, the Sarmatians and Alans invaded the Iberian Peninsula where they would form their kingdom."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Germanic kingdoms: Suebi and Visigoths",
"text": "The Kingdom of the Suebi was the Germanic post-Roman kingdom, established in the former Roman provinces of Gallaecia-Lusitania."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Germanic kingdoms: Suebi and Visigoths",
"text": "Another Germanic group that accompanied the Suebi and settled in Gallaecia were the Buri."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Germanic kingdoms: Suebi and Visigoths",
"text": "The Visigothic invasion, completed in 585, turned the once rich and fertile kingdom of the Suebi into the sixth province of the Gothic kingdom."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Germanic kingdoms: Suebi and Visigoths",
"text": "From the various Germanic groups who settled in Western Iberia, the Suebi left the strongest lasting cultural legacy in what is today Portugal, Galicia and western fringes of Asturias."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Islamic period and the Reconquista",
"text": "After defeating the Visigoths in only a few months, the Umayyad Caliphate started expanding rapidly in the peninsula."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Roman Lusitania and Gallaecia",
"text": "Romans first invaded the Iberian Peninsula in 219 BC."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Germanic kingdoms: Suebi and Visigoths",
"text": "About 410 and during the 6th century it became a formally declared Kingdom of the Suebi, where king Hermeric made a peace treaty with the Gallaecians before passing his domains to Rechila, his son."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Islamic period and the Reconquista",
"text": "Today's continental Portugal, along with most of modern Spain, was part of al-Andalus between 726 and 1249, following the Umayyad Caliphate conquest of the Iberian Peninsula."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Germanic kingdoms: Suebi and Visigoths",
"text": "These two became known as the 'vitizians', who headquartered in the northwest and called on the Arab invaders from the South to be their allies in the struggle for power in 711."
}
] |
Portugal, a country in Europe, has been invaded by the Romans, the Germanic kingdoms of Suebi and Vandals and the Umayyad Caliphate.
| 2 | 5 |
Portugal
|
Popular Culture
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Filming took place in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, between August and November 2016."
}
] |
HCoMwMvhKd8b7kcWdAym
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "The Shape of Water grossed $63.9 million in the United States and Canada, and $131.4 million in other countries, for a total of $195.2 million."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "The Shape of Water appeared on many critics' year-end top-ten lists, among them: The Shape of Water received 13 nominations at the 90th Academy Awards, the most of any film in the 2018 race."
},
{
"section_header": "Release",
"text": "The Shape of Water premiered on August 31, 2017 at the 74th Venice International Film Festival."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "There's no sense trying to analyze how he does it.\" For the Minnesota Daily, Haley Bennett reacted positively, writing, \"The Shape of Water has tenderness uncommon to del Toro films. ... While The Shape of Water isn't groundbreaking, it is elegant and mesmerizing."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Plagiarism accusations",
"text": "There have also been accusations that The Shape of Water plagiarised Amphibian Man, a 1962 Soviet film based on a 1928 Soviet novel of the same name."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Filming took place in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, between August and November 2016."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Shape of Water is a 2017 American romantic fantasy drama film directed by Guillermo del Toro and written by del Toro and Vanessa Taylor."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Shape of Water was screened as part of the main competition in the 74th Venice International Film Festival, where it premiered on August 31, 2017, and was awarded the Golden Lion for best film."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Shape of Water was praised for the acting, screenplay, direction, visuals, production design, and musical score, with many calling the film Del Toro's best work since Pan's Labyrinth; the American Film Institute selected it as one of the top 10 films of the year."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Plagiarism accusations",
"text": "Responding to Jeunet's accusations of plagiarism by email, del Toro cited on the influences of Terry Gilliam's works as the inspiration for The Shape of Water."
}
] |
The Shape of Water was filmed in Vancouver, Canada.
| 2 | 7 |
The Shape of Water
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reviews",
"text": "Contemporary reviews of the book were mixed."
}
] |
HCwtu0IFoEtebh7yTatZ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary of chapters | Chapter one",
"text": "The book begins in late December 1936."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary of chapters | Chapter five",
"text": "He makes reference to the lack of \"religious feeling, in the orthodox sense,\" and that the Catholic Church was, \"to the Spanish people, at any rate in Catalonia and Aragon, a racket, pure and simple.\" He muses that Christianity may have, to some extent, been replaced by Anarchism."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": ", Orwell wrote that they were \"only a by-product of the Russian Trotskyist trials and from the start every kind of lie, including flagrant absurdities, has been circulated in the Communist press.\" Barcelona fell to Franco's forces on 26 January 1939.Because of the book's criticism of the Stalinists in Spain, it was rejected by Gollancz, who had previously published all Orwell's books: \"Gollancz is of course part of the Communism-racket,\" Orwell wrote to Rayner Heppenstall in July 1937."
},
{
"section_header": "Reviews",
"text": "Geoffrey Gorer concluded, \"Politically and as literature it is a work of first-class importance.\" Philip Mairet observed, \"It shows us the heart of innocence that lies in revolution; also the miasma of lying that, far more than the cruelty, takes the heart out of it.\" Hostile notices came from The Tablet, where a critic wondered why Orwell had not troubled to get to know Fascist fighters and enquire about their motivations, and from The Times Literary Supplement and The Listener, \"the first misrepresenting what Orwell had said and the latter attacking the POUM, but never mentioning the book.\" John Langdon-Davies wrote in the Communist Party's Daily Worker that \"the value of the book is that it gives an honest picture of the sort of mentality that toys with revolutionary romanticism but shies violently at revolutionary discipline."
},
{
"section_header": "Reviews",
"text": "Contemporary reviews of the book were mixed."
},
{
"section_header": "Reviews",
"text": "\" The book was praised by Noam Chomsky."
},
{
"section_header": "Reviews",
"text": "Republished by Penguin Books in Britain in 1962, it has never been out of print since, and remains far better known than Franz Borkenau's The Spanish Cockpit, a book"
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "Warburg was willing to publish books by the dissident left, that is, by socialists hostile to Stalinism."
},
{
"section_header": "Reviews",
"text": "Orwell himself had called, in July 1937, \"the best book yet written on the subject\" of the Spanish war."
},
{
"section_header": "The Crystal Spirit",
"text": "The poem was included in Orwell's 1942 essay \"Looking Back on the Spanish War\", published in New Road in 1943.The closing phrase of the poem, \"No bomb that ever burst shatters the crystal spirit\", was later taken by George Woodcock for the title of his Governor General's Award-winning critical study of Orwell and his work, The Crystal Spirit (1966)."
}
] |
Critics were split on their feelings about the book.
| 0 | 0 |
Homage to Catalonia
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Types of resonance | Mechanical and acoustic resonance",
"text": "Buildings in seismic zones are often constructed to take into account the oscillating frequencies of expected ground motion."
},
{
"section_header": "Types of resonance | Mechanical and acoustic resonance",
"text": "Avoiding resonance disasters is a major concern in every building, tower, and bridge construction project."
}
] |
HDQxJhz08ZgYDcE3TfvW
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Resonance in linear systems | Resonance of a driven, damped harmonic oscillator",
"text": "it is sufficient to consider the steady state solution."
},
{
"section_header": "Resonance in linear systems | Generalizing resonance and antiresonance for linear systems",
"text": "Next consider an arbitrary linear system with multiple inputs and outputs."
},
{
"section_header": "Resonance in linear systems | Resonance of a driven, damped harmonic oscillator",
"text": "Consider a damped mass on a spring driven by a sinusoidal, externally applied force."
},
{
"section_header": "Resonance in linear systems | Transfer function, frequency response, and resonance for an RLC series circuit | Antiresonance",
"text": "For antiresonance, the amplitude of the response of the system at certain frequencies is disproportionately small rather than being disproportionately large."
},
{
"section_header": "Resonators",
"text": "Since these can be viewed as being made of many coupled moving parts (such as atoms), they can have correspondingly many resonant frequencies."
},
{
"section_header": "Types of resonance | Mechanical and acoustic resonance",
"text": "Avoiding resonance disasters is a major concern in every building, tower, and bridge construction project."
},
{
"section_header": "Universal resonance curve",
"text": "The exact response of a resonance, especially for frequencies far from the resonant frequency, depends on the details of the physical system, and is usually not exactly symmetrical about the resonant frequency, as illustrated for the simple harmonic oscillator above."
},
{
"section_header": "Types of resonance | Mechanical and acoustic resonance",
"text": "Buildings in seismic zones are often constructed to take into account the oscillating frequencies of expected ground motion."
},
{
"section_header": "Types of resonance | Mechanical and acoustic resonance",
"text": "The Taipei 101 building relies on a 660-tonne pendulum (730-short-ton)—a tuned mass damper—to cancel resonance."
},
{
"section_header": "Resonance in linear systems",
"text": "Building off the RLC circuit example, the section then generalizes these relationships for higher-order linear systems with multiple inputs and outputs."
}
] |
Resonance must be considered when building especially in earthquake prone regions.
| 0 | 0 |
Resonance
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Battle of the Little Bighorn, known to the Lakota and other Plains Indians as the Battle of the Greasy Grass and also commonly referred to as Custer's Last Stand, was an armed engagement between combined forces of the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribes and the 7th Cavalry Regiment of the United States Army."
}
] |
HDr6bEebSCSX374tWldc
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Casualties | Native American warriors",
"text": "Estimates of Native American casualties have differed widely, from as few as 36 dead (from Native American listings of the dead by name) to as many as 300."
},
{
"section_header": "Casualties | Native American noncombatants",
"text": "Six unnamed Native American women and four unnamed children are known to have been killed at the beginning of the battle during Reno's charge."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "The Battle of the Little Bighorn had far-reaching consequences for the Natives."
},
{
"section_header": "Casualties | Native American warriors",
"text": "Lakota chief Red Horse told Col. W. H. Wood in 1877 that the Native Americans suffered 136 dead and 160 wounded during the battle."
},
{
"section_header": "Battlefield preservation",
"text": "The United States government acknowledged that Native American sacrifices also deserved recognition at the site."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | 1876 U.S. military campaign | Little Bighorn",
"text": "While the Terry-Gibbon column was marching toward the mouth of the Little Bighorn, on the evening of June 24, Custer's Indian scouts arrived at an overlook known as the Crow's Nest, 14 miles (23 km) east of the Little Bighorn River."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | 1876 U.S. military campaign | Little Bighorn",
"text": "Unknown to Custer, the group of Native Americans seen on his trail was actually leaving the encampment and did not alert the rest of the village."
},
{
"section_header": "Participants | Native American leaders and \"warriors\"",
"text": "Thomas French The English term \"warriors\" is used for the sake of convenience; however, the term easily leads to misconceptions and mistranslations (such as the vision of \"soldiers falling into his camp\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | 1876 U.S. military campaign | Little Bighorn",
"text": "At sunrise on June 25, Custer's scouts reported they could see a massive pony herd and signs of the Native American village roughly 15 miles (24 km) in the distance."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | 1876 U.S. military campaign | Little Bighorn",
"text": "Custer's scouts warned him about the size of the village, with Mitch Bouyer reportedly saying, \"General, I have been with these Indians for 30 years, and this is the largest village I have ever heard of.\" Custer's overriding concern was that the Native American group would break up and scatter."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Battle of the Little Bighorn, known to the Lakota and other Plains Indians as the Battle of the Greasy Grass and also commonly referred to as Custer's Last Stand, was an armed engagement between combined forces of the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribes and the 7th Cavalry Regiment of the United States Army."
}
] |
The Battle of the Little Bighorn was a battle between the U.S. Government and Native Americans.
| 0 | 3 |
Battle of the Little Bighorn
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "William Cullen Bryant was born in 1794 in Cummington, Massachusetts."
}
] |
HEFs8bK3kLSxwW2iYUjv
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "The part written by the author begins with \"Yet a few days,\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "The author republished the poem in 1821 in a collection of works called Poems."
},
{
"section_header": "Appearances in popular culture",
"text": "T.C. Boyle's 1990 novel East Is East, the writer's colony on the fictitious Georgia sea island of Tupelo (near Darien) is called Thanatopsis House."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "In History of American Literature, two dates are stated for the authoring of \"Thanatopsis\", 1811 and 1816."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "William Cullen Bryant was born in 1794 in Cummington, Massachusetts."
}
] |
Thanatopsis' author was a native of Providence, Rhode Island.
| 2 | 3 |
Thanatopsis
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life | Birthplace and family origin",
"text": "On their arrival there, Messer Nicolas found that his wife was dead, and that she had left behind her a son of fifteen years of age, whose name was Marco."
}
] |
HEOdgfr3fG4VhKPulVqU
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life | Early life and Asian travel",
"text": "Meanwhile, Marco Polo's mother died, and an aunt and uncle raised him."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Early life and Asian travel",
"text": "According to The Travels of Marco Polo, they passed through much of Asia, and met with Kublai Khan, a Mongol ruler and founder of the Yuan dynasty."
},
{
"section_header": "Travels of Marco Polo | Role of the Dominican Order",
"text": "He also relates that before dying, Marco Polo insisted that \"he had told only a half of the things he had seen\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Birthplace and family origin",
"text": "His father, Niccolò Polo, had his household in Venice and left Marco's mother pregnant in order to travel to Asia with his brother Maffeo Polo."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Early life and Asian travel",
"text": "In 1260, Niccolò and Maffeo, while residing in Constantinople, then the capital of the Latin Empire, foresaw a political change; they liquidated their assets into jewels and moved away."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Genoese captivity and later life",
"text": "Sometime before 1300, his father Niccolò died."
},
{
"section_header": "Travels of Marco Polo",
"text": "Before availability of printing press, errors were frequently made during copying and translating, so there are many differences between the various copies."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Pasta myth",
"text": "In fact, pasta had already been invented in Italy long time before Marco Polo's travels to Asia."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Early life and Asian travel",
"text": "Niccolò and his brother Maffeo set off on a trading voyage before Marco's birth."
},
{
"section_header": "Travels of Marco Polo | Authenticity and veracity",
"text": "In many cases where present (mostly given in the first part before he reached China, such as mentions of Christian miracles), he made a clear distinction that they are what he had heard rather than what he had seen."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Birthplace and family origin",
"text": "On their arrival there, Messer Nicolas found that his wife was dead, and that she had left behind her a son of fifteen years of age, whose name was Marco."
}
] |
Marco Polo did pass away before his mother.
| 0 | 0 |
Marco Polo
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ronald Edward Santo (February 25, 1940 – December 3, 2010) was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) third baseman who played for the Chicago Cubs from 1960 through 1973 and the Chicago White Sox in 1974."
}
] |
HEsB25kRcaSBQod2mgLz
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement | Struggle with diabetes",
"text": "Santo had both his legs amputated below the knee as a result of his diabetes: the right in 2001 and the left in 2002."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Santo enjoyed his success despite battling diabetes since he was a teenager, a condition which was carefully and generally concealed publicly until 1971; it eventually necessitated the amputation of the lower half of both his legs."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement | Struggle with diabetes",
"text": "As part of the publicity surrounding \"Ron Santo Day\" at Wrigley Field on August 28, 1971, he revealed his struggle with diabetes."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Chicago Cubs (1960–1973)",
"text": "He also finished fourth in the 1967 NL Most Valuable Player Award voting results."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Since 1979, Santo endorsed the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation's annual Ron Santo Walk to Cure Diabetes in Chicago."
},
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame candidacy | Golden Era Committee",
"text": "\" On April 19, 2007, the Illinois House of Representatives adopted HB 109 (Cross), urging the Veterans Committee of the Baseball Hall of Fame to elect Ron Santo to the Baseball Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame candidacy | BBWAA",
"text": "When Santo first became eligible for election to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1980, he was named on less than four percent of all ballots cast by the Baseball Writers' Association of America (BBWAA), resulting in his removal from the ballot in subsequent years; he was one of several players re-added to the ballot in 1985 following widespread complaints about overlooked candidates, with the remainder of their 15 years of eligibility restored even if this extended beyond the usual limit of 20 years after their last season."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Chicago Cubs (1960–1973) | Heel click",
"text": "Going into the bottom of the ninth inning, the Expos were leading 6–3."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement | Charities",
"text": "The Santo family has been involved with the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation since 1979, with the annual Ron Santo Walk to Cure Diabetes in Chicago having raised over $65 million for the organization."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Chicago Cubs (1960–1973) | Trade veto",
"text": "In 1973, Santo became the first player to invoke the ten-and-five rule under the collective bargaining agreement signed after the 1972 Major League Baseball strike."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ronald Edward Santo (February 25, 1940 – December 3, 2010) was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) third baseman who played for the Chicago Cubs from 1960 through 1973 and the Chicago White Sox in 1974."
}
] |
Mexican baseball player Ron Santo had diabetes which resulted in his legs being amputated.
| 1 | 3 |
Ron Santo
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Economy | Agriculture",
"text": "By the mid-17th century, Indian cultivators begun to extensively grow two new crops from the Americas, maize and tobacco."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Agriculture",
"text": "A variety of crops were grown, including food crops such as wheat, rice, and barley, and non-food cash crops such as cotton, indigo and opium."
}
] |
HEx0odghCMjWZJjcP81F
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Economy | Labour",
"text": "The Mughal Empire's workforce in the early 17th century consisted of about 64% in the primary sector (including agriculture), over 11% in the secondary sector (manufacturing), and about 25% in the tertiary sector (service)."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Agriculture",
"text": "According to economic historian Immanuel Wallerstein, citing evidence from Irfan Habib, Percival Spear, and Ashok Desai, per-capita agricultural output and standards of consumption in 17th-century Mughal India were probably higher than in 17th-century Europe and certainly higher than early 20th-century British India."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The relative peace maintained by the empire during much of the 17th century was a factor in India's economic expansion."
},
{
"section_header": "Military | Gunpowder warfare",
"text": "Gujarāt supplied Europe saltpeter for use in gunpowder warfare during the 17th century, and Mughal Bengal and Mālwa also participated in saltpeter production."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Agriculture",
"text": "Geared sugar rolling mills first appeared in Mughal India, using the principle of rollers as well as worm gearing, by the 17th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Agriculture",
"text": "By the mid-17th century, Indian cultivators begun to extensively grow two new crops from the Americas, maize and tobacco."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The base of the empire's collective wealth was agricultural taxes, instituted by the third Mughal emperor, Akbar."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "The main base of the empire's collective wealth was agricultural taxes, instituted by the third Mughal emperor, Akbar."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Agriculture",
"text": "The expansion of agriculture and cultivation continued under later Mughal emperors including Aurangzeb, whose 1665 firman edict stated: \"the entire elevated attention and desires of the Emperor are devoted to the increase in the population and cultivation of the Empire and the welfare of the whole peasantry and the entire people."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Bengal Subah",
"text": "It was the Mughal Empire's wealthiest province, and the economic powerhouse of the Mughal Empire, estimated to have generated up to 50% of the empire's GDP."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Agriculture",
"text": "A variety of crops were grown, including food crops such as wheat, rice, and barley, and non-food cash crops such as cotton, indigo and opium."
}
] |
During the 17th century, the Mughal Empire's agriculture included corn and sugar-cane.
| 3 | 5 |
Mughal Empire
|
Geography
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Construction and structure",
"text": "The foundation was designed to support the total building weight of approximately 450,000 tonnes (500,000 short tons; 440,000 long tons)."
}
] |
HEy1RuZvQzw37G0WQj0u
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Construction and structure",
"text": "It was difficult to create a concrete that could withstand both the thousands of tonnes bearing down on it and Persian Gulf temperatures that can reach 50 °C (122 °F)."
},
{
"section_header": "Construction and structure",
"text": "The foundation was designed to support the total building weight of approximately 450,000 tonnes (500,000 short tons; 440,000 long tons)."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture and design",
"text": "The spire of Burj Khalifa is composed of more than 4,000 tonnes (4,400 short tons; 3,900 long tons) of structural steel."
},
{
"section_header": "Construction and structure | Official launch ceremony",
"text": "Hundreds of media outlets from around the world reported live from the scene."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards",
"text": "‘Building of the Century’ was thought a more apt title for it."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture and design | Window cleaning",
"text": "Under normal conditions, when all building maintenance units are operational, it takes 36 workers three to four months to clean the entire exterior."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture and design",
"text": "A 304-room Armani Hotel, the first of four by Armani, occupies 15 of the lower 39 floors."
},
{
"section_header": "Construction and structure",
"text": "Over 45,000 m3 (58,900 cu yd) of concrete, weighing more than 110,000 tonnes (120,000 short tons; 110,000 long tons) were used to construct the concrete and steel foundation, which features 192 piles; each pile is 1.5 metre in diameter by 43 m in length, buried more than 50 m (164 ft) deep."
},
{
"section_header": "Construction and structure",
"text": "Special mixes of concrete were made to withstand the extreme pressures of the massive building weight; as is typical with reinforced concrete construction, each batch of concrete was tested to ensure it could withstand certain pressures."
},
{
"section_header": "Construction and structure",
"text": "In May 2008 Putzmeister pumped concrete with more than 21 MPA ultimate compressive strength of gravel to surpass the 600 meters weight of the effective area of each column from the foundation to the next fourth level, and the rest was by metal columns jacketed or covered with concrete to a then world record delivery height of 606 m (1,988 ft), the 156th floor."
}
] |
The building weights more than four hundred and fifty thousand thousands tonnes.
| 0 | 4 |
Burj Khalifa
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Josef Anton Bruckner (German: [ˈantɔn ˈbʁʊknɐ] (listen); (1824-09-04)4 September 1824 – (1896-10-11)11 October 1896) was an Austrian composer, organist, and music theorist best known for his symphonies, masses, Te Deum and motets."
}
] |
HF76FdjEXA4QdlBvV7h1
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Early life",
"text": "they had eleven children, Anton Bruckner being the eldest."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Early life",
"text": "Anton Bruckner was born in Ansfelden (then a village, now a suburb of Linz) on 4 September 1824."
},
{
"section_header": "Compositions | Symphonies | Structure",
"text": "Over the course of his output, one senses an ever-increasing interest in cyclic integration that culminates in his masterpiece, the Symphony No. 8 in C minor, a work whose final page integrates the main themes of all four movements simultaneously.\" In 1990, the American artist Jack Ox gave a paper called The Systematic Translation of Anton Bruckner's Eighth Symphony into a series of Thirteen Paintings at the Bruckner Symposium in Linz Austria; here she structurally analyzed all of the Eighth Symphony's themes."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Early life",
"text": "Bruckner's grandfather was appointed schoolmaster in Ansfelden in 1776; this position was inherited by Bruckner's father, Anton Bruckner Sr., in 1823."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Teacher's education",
"text": "Asperges me (WAB 4), which the young teacher's assistant, out of line of his position, signed with \"Anton Bruckner m.p.ria. Comp[onist]\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Compositions",
"text": "Sometimes Bruckner's works are referred to by WAB numbers, from the Werkverzeichnis Anton Bruckner, a catalogue of Bruckner's works edited by Renate Grasberger."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Early life",
"text": "When his father became ill, Anton returned to Ansfelden to help him in his work."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | The Vienna period",
"text": "The Anton Bruckner Private University for Music, Drama, and Dance, an institution of higher education in Linz, close to his native Ansfelden, was named after him in 1932 (as the \"Bruckner Conservatory Linz\" until 2004)."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception in the 20th century | In popular culture",
"text": "Ken Russell's TV movie The Strange Affliction of Anton Bruckner, starring Peter Mackriel, also fictionalizes Bruckner's real-life stay at a sanatorium because of obsessive-compulsive disorder (or 'numeromania' as it was then described).In addition, \"Visconti used the music of Bruckner for his Senso (1954), its plot concerned with the Austrian invasion of Italy in the 1860s."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Josef Anton Bruckner (German: [ˈantɔn ˈbʁʊknɐ] (listen); (1824-09-04)4 September 1824 – (1896-10-11)11 October 1896) was an Austrian composer, organist, and music theorist best known for his symphonies, masses, Te Deum and motets."
}
] |
Anton Bruckner is from Austria.
| 0 | 0 |
Anton Bruckner
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Known throughout his career for his hitting and his excellent defense behind the plate, Carter made a major contribution to the Mets' World Series championship in 1986, including a 12th-inning single against the Houston Astros which won Game 5 of the NLCS and a 10th-inning single against the Boston Red Sox to start the fabled comeback rally in Game 6 of the World Series."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Montreal Expos",
"text": "Carter got his nickname \"The Kid\" during his first spring training camp with the Expos in 1974."
}
] |
HFFaBCVS1nfkA7frSups
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Playing career | New York Mets | 1986 World Series Champions",
"text": "The Mets won the World Series in seven games over the Boston Red Sox."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | New York Mets | 1986 World Series Champions",
"text": "He is the only player to hit two home runs in both an All-Star Game (1981) and a World Series game."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | New York Mets | 1986 World Series Champions",
"text": "Carter batted .276 with nine RBIs in his first World Series, and hit two home runs over Fenway Park's Green Monster in Game Four."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | New York Mets | 1986 World Series Champions",
"text": "Carter also had two hits in Game 6 which the Mets won in 16 innings."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nicknamed \"The Kid\" for his youthful exuberance, Carter was named an All-Star 11 times, and was a member of the 1986 World Champion Mets."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | New York Mets | 1986 World Series Champions",
"text": "In 1986, the Mets won 108 games and took the National League East by 21½ games over the Phillies."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Montreal Expos | Expos catcher",
"text": "Carter's average improved to .438 in the NLCS, with no home runs or RBIs, and his Expos lost to the Los Angeles Dodgers in five games, who won the World Series over the New York Yankees."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Known throughout his career for his hitting and his excellent defense behind the plate, Carter made a major contribution to the Mets' World Series championship in 1986, including a 12th-inning single against the Houston Astros which won Game 5 of the NLCS and a 10th-inning single against the Boston Red Sox to start the fabled comeback rally in Game 6 of the World Series."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | After the Mets",
"text": "Carter was still nicknamed \"The Kid\" by teammates despite his age."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Montreal Expos",
"text": "Carter got his nickname \"The Kid\" during his first spring training camp with the Expos in 1974."
}
] |
Gary Carter won a World Series and was called The Kid.
| 2 | 5 |
Gary Carter
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His eldest son, Justin Trudeau, became the 23rd and current Prime Minister, following the 2015 election and 2019 election, and is the first prime minister of Canada to be a descendant of a former prime minister."
}
] |
HFv90zJbSvQs14F4nQlf
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Justin Trudeau was appointed Prime Minister on November 4, 2015, the first time a father and son had both held the position in Canada."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "French: [pjɛʁ tʁydo]; October 18, 1919 – September 28, 2000), mostly referred to as simply Pierre Trudeau, or by the initials PET, was a Canadian politician who was the 15th prime minister of Canada and leader of the Liberal Party of Canada, between 1968 and 1984, with a brief period as Leader of the Opposition, from 1979 to 1980."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His eldest son, Justin Trudeau, became the 23rd and current Prime Minister, following the 2015 election and 2019 election, and is the first prime minister of Canada to be a descendant of a former prime minister."
},
{
"section_header": "Prime Minister, 1980–84 | Resignation",
"text": "\"In \"In the 1984 election , Mulroney won the largest majority government (by total number of seats) in Canadian history."
},
{
"section_header": "Prime Minister, 1980–84",
"text": "As a result of the February 18, 1980 Canadian federal election, the 32nd Canadian Parliament was controlled by a Liberal Party majority, led by Prime Minister Trudeau and the 22nd Canadian Ministry."
},
{
"section_header": "Prime Minister, 1968–79 | First and second governments, 1968–74 | 1974 election",
"text": "Stanfield proposed the immediate introduction of wage and price controls to help end the increasing inflation Canada was currently facing."
},
{
"section_header": "Prime Minister, 1968–79 | First and second governments, 1968–74 | October Crisis",
"text": "Five days later Québec Labour Minister Pierre Laporte was also kidnapped."
},
{
"section_header": "Honours",
"text": "Trudeau was ranked No.5 of the first 20 Prime Ministers of Canada (through Jean Chrétien in a survey of Canadian historians."
},
{
"section_header": "Prime Minister, 1980–84",
"text": "In their first budget, delivered in October 1980 by Trudeau's long-time loyalist, Finance Minister Allan MacEachen, the National Energy Program was introduced."
},
{
"section_header": "Prime Minister, 1968–79 | First and second governments, 1968–74 | 1974 election",
"text": "The election of 1974 focused mainly on the current economic recession."
}
] |
The 15th primer minister of Canada Pierre Trudeau is the father of the current prime minister for the only time in Canadian history.
| 0 | 0 |
Pierre Trudeau
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Encouraged by her father to go to college before embarking on an acting career, Alexander attended Sarah Lawrence College in Bronxville, New York, where she concentrated on theater, but also studied mathematics with an eye toward computer programming, in the event that she failed as an actress."
}
] |
HG696JAF7vv8HVzoJ6xS
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Alexander was born Jane Quigley in Boston, Massachusetts, daughter of Ruth Elizabeth (née Pearson), a nurse, and Thomas B. Quigley, an orthopedic surgeon."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Alexander's additional screen credits include All the President's Men (1976), Kramer vs. Kramer (1979), and Testament (1983), all of which earned her Oscar nods, Brubaker (1980), The Cider House Rules (1999), and Fur (2006), in which she played Gertrude Nemerov, mother of Diane Arbus, played in the film by Nicole Kidman."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Jane Alexander (born October 28, 1939) is an American author, actress, and former director of the National Endowment for the Arts."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "In 1979, the Supersisters trading card set was produced and distributed; one of the cards featured Alexander's name and picture."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Alexander's major break in acting came in 1967 when she played Eleanor Backman in the original production of Howard Sackler's The Great White Hope at Arena Stage in Washington, DC."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Alexander portrayed Eleanor Roosevelt in two television productions, Eleanor and Franklin (1976) and Eleanor and Franklin: The White House Years (1977); she also played FDR's mother, Sara Delano Roosevelt, in HBO's Warm Springs (2005) with Kenneth Branagh and Cynthia Nixon, a role which garnered her an Emmy Award for Best Supporting Actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Between the two, they have four children, Alexander's son Jace and Sherin's three sons, Tony, Geoffrey, and Jon."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Alexander's other television films include Arthur Miller's Playing for Time, co-starring Vanessa Redgrave, for which Alexander won another Emmy Award; Malice in Wonderland (as famed gossip-monger Hedda Hopper); Blood & Orchids; and In Love and War (1987) co-starring James Woods, which tells the story of James and Sybil Stockdale during Stockdale's eight years as a US prisoner of war in Vietnam."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Like her co-star, James Earl Jones, she went on to play the part both on Broadway (1968), winning a Tony Award for her performance, and in the film version (1970), which earned her an Oscar nomination."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "The play The Time of Your Life was revived on March 17, 1972, at the Huntington Hartford Theater in Los Angeles with Alexander, Henry Fonda, Gloria Grahame, Lewis J. Stadlen, Richard Dreyfuss, Ron Thompson, Strother Martin, Richard X. Slattery, and Pepper Martin among the cast with Edwin Sherin directing."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Encouraged by her father to go to college before embarking on an acting career, Alexander attended Sarah Lawrence College in Bronxville, New York, where she concentrated on theater, but also studied mathematics with an eye toward computer programming, in the event that she failed as an actress."
}
] |
Jane Alexander's back up plan for a career was to be a nurse like her mother.
| 0 | 0 |
Jane Alexander
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After retiring as a player, Pennock served as a coach and farm system director for the Red Sox, and as general manager of the Philadelphia Phillies."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Return to Boston",
"text": "Many, including Mack, consider Pennock among the greatest left-handed pitchers of all time."
}
] |
HGtnRsySpivT4lisAKIf
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Pennock was regarded as one of the greatest left-handed pitchers in baseball history."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Return to Boston",
"text": "Many, including Mack, consider Pennock among the greatest left-handed pitchers of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | New York Yankees",
"text": "Pennock won his 200th career game during the 1929 season, becoming the third left-handed pitcher to reach that mark."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After struggling as a first baseman, with a weak offensive output and throwing arm that resulted in curved throws, his Cedarcroft coach converted Pennock into a pitcher."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Philadelphia Athletics",
"text": "Mack intended for Pennock to be one of the prospects who would replace star pitchers Eddie Plank, Chief Bender, and Jack Coombs."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Philadelphia Athletics",
"text": "to catcher Earle Mack, the son of Connie Mack, manager of the Philadelphia Athletics, in 1910."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal",
"text": "Together, the couple had a daughter, Jane (born 1920), and a son, Joe (born 1925)."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | New York Yankees",
"text": "During the pennant race, The Sporting News called Pennock the \"best left-hander in the majors\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After retiring as a player, Pennock served as a coach and farm system director for the Red Sox, and as general manager of the Philadelphia Phillies."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career",
"text": "He returned to the Red Sox in 1936, serving as the first base and pitching coach under manager Joe Cronin."
}
] |
Pennock was a devout son, outstanding left hand pitcher, coach, and had excellent skills on a steed.
| 0 | 0 |
Herb Pennock
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Black Eyed Peas' first major hit was the 2003 single \" Where Is the Love?\" from Elephunk, which topped the charts in 13 countries, including the United Kingdom, where it spent seven weeks at number one and went on to become Britain's biggest-selling single of 2003."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2002–2005: Addition of Fergie and Elephunk",
"text": "\"From Elephunk came \"Where Is the Love?\", which became the Black Eyed Peas' first major hit, peaking at No.8 on the U.S. Hot 100, but topping the charts in several other countries, including seven weeks at No.1 in the United Kingdom, where it became the biggest-selling single of 2003."
}
] |
HHb1zGUWW2J8WVb9tvNA
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Charity events",
"text": "In July 2011, the Black Eyed Peas founded a school for New York teenagers where students of 13–19 years can learn video production and music using professional equipment."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Black Eyed Peas (also known as The Black Eyed Peas) is an American musical group, consisting of rappers"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although the group was founded in Los Angeles in 1995, it was not until the release of their third album, Elephunk, in 2003, that they achieved high record sales."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2015–2018: Fergie's departure, addition of J. Rey Soul, and Masters of the Sun",
"text": "On August 31, 2016, the Black Eyed Peas released a new version of their song \" Where Is the Love?\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2019–present: Translation",
"text": "The song debuted at number 100 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and became the Black Eyed Peas' 17th Hot 100 entry and their first since 2011's"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Black Eyed Peas' first major hit was the 2003 single \" Where Is the Love?\" from Elephunk, which topped the charts in 13 countries, including the United Kingdom, where it spent seven weeks at number one and went on to become Britain's biggest-selling single of 2003."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2009–2011: The E.N.D, The Beginning and hiatus",
"text": "On May 22, the group appeared on the 2011 Billboard Music Awards and won one of their four nominations, for \"Top Duo/Group\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2015–2018: Fergie's departure, addition of J. Rey Soul, and Masters of the Sun",
"text": "The song is titled \"Where's the Love?\" and is credited to \"The Black Eyed Peas featuring The World\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2009–2011: The E.N.D, The Beginning and hiatus",
"text": "On the same day, a music video for the song was released on iTunes, along with the single."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2009–2011: The E.N.D, The Beginning and hiatus",
"text": "The Black Eyed Peas joined a group of artists who have held the No.1 and 2 Spot on the Billboard Hot 100 simultaneously."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2002–2005: Addition of Fergie and Elephunk",
"text": "\"From Elephunk came \"Where Is the Love?\", which became the Black Eyed Peas' first major hit, peaking at No.8 on the U.S. Hot 100, but topping the charts in several other countries, including seven weeks at No.1 in the United Kingdom, where it became the biggest-selling single of 2003."
}
] |
2003 was the year The Black Eyed Peas released a song that ranked high on music billboards.
| 0 | 0 |
The Black Eyed Peas
|
Literature
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Date",
"text": "The Gita is considered by many to be more than 4500 years old."
}
] |
HHzED8Ap7jCVC0w1t0We
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Date",
"text": "The dating of the Gita is thus dependent on the uncertain dating of the Mahabharata."
},
{
"section_header": "Date",
"text": "He states that the Gita was always a part of the Mahabharata, and dating the latter suffices in dating the Gita."
},
{
"section_header": "Date",
"text": "Theories on the date of the composition of the Gita vary considerably."
},
{
"section_header": "Date",
"text": "The actual dates of composition of the Gita remain unresolved."
},
{
"section_header": "Date",
"text": "Kashi Nath Upadhyaya, in contrast, dates it a bit earlier."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Praise and popularity",
"text": "I see not one ray of light, I go back to the Bhagavadgītā."
},
{
"section_header": "Date",
"text": "This would date the text as transmitted by the oral tradition to the later centuries of the 1st-millennium BCE, and the first written version probably to the 2nd or 3rd century CE.According to Jeaneane Fowler, \"the dating of the Gita varies considerably\" and depends in part on whether one accepts it to be a part of the early versions of the Mahabharata, or a text that was inserted into the epic at a later date."
},
{
"section_header": "Date",
"text": "Scholars accept dates from the fifth century to the second century BCE as the probable range, the latter likely."
},
{
"section_header": "Date",
"text": "This suggests a terminus ante quem (latest date) of the Gita to be sometime prior to the 1st century CE."
},
{
"section_header": "Date",
"text": "The Hinduism scholar Jeaneane Fowler, in her commentary on the Gita, considers second century BCE to be the probable date of composition."
},
{
"section_header": "Date",
"text": "The Gita is considered by many to be more than 4500 years old."
}
] |
The scriputure dates back to 350 decades.
| 3 | 7 |
Bhagavadgita
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"The Cask of Amontillado\" (sometimes spelled \"The Casque of Amontillado\" [a.mon.ti.ˈʝa.ðo]) is a short story by Edgar Allan Poe, first published in the November 1846 issue of Godey's Lady's Book."
}
] |
HI1k13wvBZddBsB05Gpz
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "It was written by Archie Goodwin, with art by Reed Crandall."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "\" The adaptation was written by Al Feldstein, with art by Graham Ingels and a cover by Johnny Craig."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Roger Corman's 1962 anthology film Tales of Terror combines the story with another Poe story,"
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "Without a detective in the story, it is up to the reader to solve the mystery."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The Sad Story Of Henry (part of series of Thomas the Tank Engine)."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "From the beginning of the story, it is made clear that Montresor has exaggerated his grievances towards Fortunato."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "In 1970, Vincent Price included a solo recitation of the story in the anthology film"
},
{
"section_header": "Inspiration",
"text": "Headley's story includes details very similar to \"The Cask of Amontillado\"; in addition to walling an enemy into a hidden niche, the story details the careful placement of the bricks, the motive of revenge, and the victim's agonized moaning."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "As in \"The Black Cat\" and \"The Tell-Tale Heart\", Poe conveys the story from the murderer's perspective."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The amalgamation of the two stories provides a motive for the murderer: Fortunato has an affair with Montresor's wife."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"The Cask of Amontillado\" (sometimes spelled \"The Casque of Amontillado\" [a.mon.ti.ˈʝa.ðo]) is a short story by Edgar Allan Poe, first published in the November 1846 issue of Godey's Lady's Book."
}
] |
The story was written by Mark Twain.
| 0 | 0 |
The Cask of Amontillado
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life",
"text": "The early life of Chandragupta Maurya is unclear and varies by source."
}
] |
HIOT4uAWF78TbeqQ9i09
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Empire | Arts and architecture",
"text": "The competing theories state that the art linked to Chandragupta Maurya's dynasty"
},
{
"section_header": "Succession, renunciation, and death",
"text": "Prabhacandra was an important Jain monk scholar who migrated centuries after Chandragupta Maurya's death."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Chandragupta's reign, as well the dynasty that followed him, was an era of economic prosperity, reforms and infrastructure expansion."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "7th to 10th century Jain inscriptions at Sravana Belgola; these are disputed by scholars as well as the Svetambara Jain tradition."
},
{
"section_header": "Empire | Rule",
"text": "During celebrations, he was well-guarded, and on hunts, he was surrounded by female guards who were presumed to be less likely to participate in a coup conspiracy."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Conquest of the Nanda empire",
"text": "In contrast to the easy victory in Buddhist sources, the Hindu and Jain texts state that the campaign was bitterly fought because the Nanda dynasty had a powerful and well-trained army."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life",
"text": "The early life of Chandragupta Maurya is unclear and varies by source."
}
] |
Maurya's childhood is not well documented.
| 3 | 3 |
Chandragupta Maurya
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Airbnb, Inc. (pronounced AIR-bee-ehn-bee and stylized as airbnb) is an American vacation rental online marketplace company based in San Francisco, California, United States."
}
] |
HITHCGWbnjG8qPFciKJ3
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Housing affordability",
"text": "found that rental prices in many areas increased due to Airbnb, as landlords kept properties off the longer-term rental market and instead get higher rental rates for short-term housing via Airbnb."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Airbnb, Inc. (pronounced AIR-bee-ehn-bee and stylized as airbnb) is an American vacation rental online marketplace company based in San Francisco, California, United States."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Airbnb Plus, a collection of homes that have been vetted for quality of services, comfort and design, as well as Beyond by Airbnb, which offers luxury vacation rentals."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Negative guest experiences",
"text": "Airbnb responded that the 1,021 incidents are statistically insignificant compared to 260 million check-ins at the time and that the company tries to remedy any problems."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The New York Times reported that these events were related and part of a \"plan that the hotel association started in early 2016 to thwart Airbnb\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Housing affordability",
"text": "Since the company's globalization, many governments have passed various regulations limiting operations of short-term housing rental companies, such as Airbnb."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Acquisitions",
"text": "In February 2017, the company acquired Luxury Retreats International, a Canadian-based villa rental company, for approximately $300 million in cash and stock."
},
{
"section_header": "Regulations | United States",
"text": "A November 2019 referendum (originally supported by Airbnb) approved regulations for short-term rentals which are considered the most stringent in United States., allowing for only 60 rental days per year."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Lawsuits",
"text": "In May 2019, Airbnb agreed to turn over some anonymized information for approximately 17,000 listings so that the city could pursue illegal rentals."
},
{
"section_header": "Product overview",
"text": "Guests can search for lodging using filters such as lodging type, dates, location, and price, and can search for specific types of homes, such as bed and breakfasts, unique homes, and vacation homes."
}
] |
Airbnb is a vacation rental company and started in the Bay Area.
| 0 | 0 |
Airbnb
|
Geography
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The site of the Empire State Building, located in Midtown South on the west side of Fifth Avenue between West 33rd and 34th Streets, was originally part of an early 18th-century farm."
}
] |
HJtH4I87EvgZV6rJJ1uG
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Location",
"text": "The Empire State Building is located on the west side of Fifth Avenue in Manhattan, between 33rd Street to the south and 34th Street to the north."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The site of the Empire State Building, located in Midtown South on the west side of Fifth Avenue between West 33rd and 34th Streets, was originally part of an early 18th-century farm."
},
{
"section_header": "Location",
"text": "Although physically located in South Midtown, a mixed residential and commercial area, the building is so large that it was assigned its own ZIP Code, 10118; as of 2012, it is one of 43 buildings in New York City that has its own ZIP code."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture | Interior | Lobby",
"text": "The original main lobby is accessed from Fifth Avenue, on the building's east side, and contains an entrance with one set of double doors between a pair of revolving doors."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture | Interior | Lobby",
"text": "The western side of the rectangular elevator-bank corridor extends north to the 34th Street entrance and south to the 33rd Street entrance."
},
{
"section_header": "Location",
"text": "The areas surrounding the Empire State Building are home to other major points of interest, including Macy's at Herald Square on Sixth Avenue and 34th Street, Koreatown on 32nd Street between Fifth and Sixth Avenues, Penn Station and Madison Square Garden on Seventh Avenue between 32nd and 34th Streets, and the Flower District on 28th Street between Sixth and Seventh Avenues."
},
{
"section_header": "Location",
"text": "Grand Central Terminal is located two blocks east of the library's Main Branch, at Park Avenue and 42nd Street."
},
{
"section_header": "Location",
"text": "One block east of the Empire State Building, on Madison Avenue at 34th Street, is the New York Public Library's Science, Industry and Business Library, which is located on the same block as the City University of New York's Graduate Center."
},
{
"section_header": "Location",
"text": "The nearest New York City Subway stations are 34th Street–Penn Station at Seventh Avenue, two blocks west; 34th Street–Herald Square, one block west; and 33rd Street at Park Avenue, two blocks east."
},
{
"section_header": "Location",
"text": "Bryant Park and the New York Public Library Main Branch are located six blocks north of the Empire State Building, on the block bounded by Fifth Avenue, Sixth Avenue, 40th Street, and 42nd Street."
}
] |
Located on the east side of Fifth Ave in South Midtown, the building is between 33rd and 35th Streets.
| 2 | 4 |
Empire State Building
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Third Crusade (1189–1192) was an attempt by the leaders of the three most powerful states of Western Christianity (Angevin England, France and the Holy Roman Empire) to reconquer the Holy Land following the capture of Jerusalem by the Ayyubid sultan Saladin in 1187."
}
] |
HKatH3DAviwv5hSZADWK
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Barbarossa's crusade | Taking the cross",
"text": "He did, however, send envoys to Philip of France (at the time his ally) to urge him to take the cross."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "Historian Thomas F. Madden summarises the achievements of the Third Crusade: ... the Third Crusade was by almost any measure a highly successful expedition."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "Richard's decision not to attack Jerusalem would lead to the call for a Fourth Crusade six years after the third ended in 1192."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Third Crusade (1189–1192) was an attempt by the leaders of the three most powerful states of Western Christianity (Angevin England, France and the Holy Roman Empire) to reconquer the Holy Land following the capture of Jerusalem by the Ayyubid sultan Saladin in 1187."
},
{
"section_header": "Barbarossa's crusade | Protecting the Jews",
"text": "The Third Crusade itself occasioned an outbreak of violence against the Jews in England."
},
{
"section_header": "Barbarossa's crusade | Passage through the Balkans | The Byzantine Empire",
"text": "The third was under the command of the Duke of Merania assisted by Bishop Diepold of Passau."
},
{
"section_header": "Barbarossa's crusade | Taking the cross",
"text": "On 27 October 1187, just over three weeks after Saladin's capture of Jerusalem, Pope Gregory VIII sent letters to the German episcopate announcing his election and ordering them to win the German nobility over to a new crusade."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "Accounts of events surrounding the Third Crusade were written by the anonymous authors of the Itinerarium Peregrinorum"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The successes of the Third Crusade allowed Westerners to maintain considerable states in Cyprus and on the Syrian coast."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "On 2 September 1192 Richard and Saladin finalized the Treaty of Jaffa, which granted Muslim control over Jerusalem but allowed unarmed Christian pilgrims and merchants to visit the city."
}
] |
The Third Crusade was the third and final battle by France to take over Jerusalem.
| 2 | 4 |
Third Crusade
|
Literature
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Wild Duck (original Norwegian title: Vildanden) is an 1884 play by the Norwegian playwright Henrik Ibsen."
}
] |
HL7g4241KCDEdsltCA3P
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Most prized is the wild duck they rescued."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Hedvig adds that he also will not have time to spend in the loft with the wild duck."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Crushed, Hedvig remembers the wild duck and goes to the loft with a pistol."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Robert Ferguson notes that The Wild Duck did not come easily to Ibsen."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Gregers tries to calm the distraught Hedvig by suggesting that she sacrifice the wild duck for her father's happiness."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Premiere",
"text": "The Wild Duck premiered 9 January 1885 at Den Nationale Scene, Bergen, Norway."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Wild Duck (original Norwegian title: Vildanden) is an 1884 play by the Norwegian playwright Henrik Ibsen."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "After hearing a shot, the family assumes Old Ekdal is hunting in the loft, but Gregers knows he has shot the wild duck for Hedvig."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "He cannot stand the sight of Hedvig any longer and leaves the house to drink with Molvik and Relling."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Broadway",
"text": "Produced by Arthur Hopkins, the first English-language production of The Wild Duck opened March 11, 1918, at the Plymouth Theatre in New York City."
}
] |
The Wild Duck Wild was written by a French man named Molvik Relling.
| 3 | 5 |
The Wild Duck
|
Literature
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel chronicles the travels and adventures of Pavel Ivanovich Chichikov (Russian: Павел Иванович Чичиков) and the people whom he encounters."
}
] |
HLRaqg82WJpRypoYRwSz
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Structure",
"text": "The novel has a circular structure, following Chichikov as he visits the estates of landowners living around the capital of a guberniya."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel chronicles the travels and adventures of Pavel Ivanovich Chichikov (Russian: Павел Иванович Чичиков) and the people whom he encounters."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "The original title, as shown on the illustration (cover page), was \"The Wanderings of Chichikov, or Dead Souls."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Setting off for the surrounding estates, Chichikov at first assumes that the ignorant provincials will be more than eager to give their dead souls up in exchange for a token payment."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "Poema\", which contracted to merely \"Dead Souls\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "The plot of the novel relies on \"dead souls\" (i.e., \"dead serfs\") which are still accounted for in property registers."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The novel was adapted for screen in 1984 by Mikhail Schweitzer as a television miniseries Dead Souls."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "True, Chichikov displays a most extraordinary moral rot, but the whole idea of buying and selling dead souls is, to Nabokov, ridiculous on its face; therefore, the provincial setting of the novel is a most unsuitable backdrop for any of the progressive, reformist or Christian readings of the work."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "\" It is these dead souls, existing on paper only, that Chichikov seeks to purchase from the landlords in the villages he visits; he merely tells the prospective sellers that he has a use for them, and that the sellers would be better off anyway, since selling them would relieve the present owners of a needless tax burden."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "His macabre mission to acquire \"dead souls\" is actually just another one of his \"get rich quick\" schemes."
}
] |
Dead Souls revolves around Chichikov and his adventures.
| 0 | 2 |
Dead Souls
|
Science
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Considered to be the world's foremost expert on chimpanzees, Goodall is best known for her 60-year study of social and family interactions of wild chimpanzees since she first went to Gombe Stream National Park in Tanzania in 1960.She"
}
] |
HLdJnX6Z5VYGoEy2OvE3
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Work | Research at Gombe Stream National Park",
"text": "The chimps at Gombe kill and eat as much as one-third of the colobus population in the park each year."
},
{
"section_header": "Work | Jane Goodall Institute",
"text": "The rehabilitation houses over a hundred chimps over its three islands."
},
{
"section_header": "Work | Jane Goodall Institute",
"text": "Goodall is also a board member for the world's largest chimpanzee sanctuary outside of Africa, Save the Chimps in Fort Pierce, Florida."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Gary Larson cartoon incident",
"text": "One finds a blonde human hair on the other and inquires, \"Conducting a little more 'research' with that Jane Goodall tramp?\" Goodall herself was in Africa at the time, and the Jane Goodall Institute thought this was in bad taste and had its lawyers draft a letter to Larson and his distribution syndicate in which they described the cartoon as an \"atrocity\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Work | Jane Goodall Institute",
"text": "Currently all of the original Jane Goodall archives reside there and have been digitised, analysed, and placed in an online database."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism",
"text": "Goodall herself acknowledged that feeding contributed to aggression within and between groups, but maintained that the effect was limited to alteration of the intensity and not the nature of chimpanzee conflict, and further suggested that feeding was necessary for the study to be effective at all."
},
{
"section_header": "Work | Jane Goodall Institute",
"text": "In 1977, Goodall established the Jane Goodall Institute (JGI), which supports the Gombe research, and she is a global leader in the effort to protect chimpanzees and their habitats."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Considered to be the world's foremost expert on chimpanzees, Goodall is best known for her 60-year study of social and family interactions of wild chimpanzees since she first went to Gombe Stream National Park in Tanzania in 1960.She"
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and recognition | Honours",
"text": "Time magazine named Goodall as one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2019."
},
{
"section_header": "Work | Research at Gombe Stream National Park",
"text": "She discovered that chimps will systematically hunt and eat smaller primates such as colobus monkeys."
}
] |
Jane Goodall is acknowledged as an expert on chimps.
| 1 | 1 |
Jane Goodall
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Act I",
"text": "The next morning Noah Claypole, another employee of Sowerberry, insults Oliver's dead mother, whereupon Oliver begins pummeling him."
}
] |
HLg5aGXrHoSR0pzoD9aa
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Act II",
"text": "In the Three Cripples pub, to help take her mind off of Sikes's neglect towards her, Nancy strikes up an old tavern song with the low-life ruffians, (\"Oom-Pah-Pah\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Act II",
"text": "After Oliver is reunited with Mr. Brownlow, the mob disperses offstage in order to track down Fagin."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Act II",
"text": "Mr. Brownlow and Dr. Grimwig decide that Oliver is well enough to go outside, so Brownlow sends Oliver to return some books to the library."
},
{
"section_header": "Principal characters",
"text": "He assesses Oliver's condition at the beginning of Act II, deeming him fit to go outside."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Act I",
"text": "The next morning Noah Claypole, another employee of Sowerberry, insults Oliver's dead mother, whereupon Oliver begins pummeling him."
},
{
"section_header": "Principal characters",
"text": ", he bullies Oliver about his mother and enjoys a flirtatious relationship with Charlotte."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Act II",
"text": "Back at the workhouse, Mr. Bumble and the Widow Corney, now unhappily married, meet the dying pauper Old Sally and another old lady, who tell them that Oliver's mother, Agnes, left a gold locket when she died in childbirth."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions | 2009 London revival",
"text": "Three actors shared the role of Oliver: Harry Stott, Laurence Jeffcoate and Gwion Wyn Jones."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Act II",
"text": "He then grabs Oliver and runs off."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Act II",
"text": "[Reprise]\"), and Oliver wakes up."
}
] |
At the end of Act II, Oliver reunites with his mother outside of the Three Cripples Pub.
| 0 | 0 |
Oliver!
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1998 the Modern Library ranked The Naked and the Dead 51st on its list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "Throughout the novel, Mailer dwells on many themes."
}
] |
HLlUvVCE0Nc9FVa7KFxE
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Naked and the Dead is the debut novel by Norman Mailer, published in 1948 by Rinehart & Company."
},
{
"section_header": "Development | \"Fug\"",
"text": "The publishers of The Naked and the Dead prevented Mailer from using the word \"fuck\" in his novel and had to use the euphemism \"fug\" instead."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "In 1948, at the age of twenty-five, Mailer published The Naked and the Dead, which was extremely successful."
},
{
"section_header": "Development | \"Fug\"",
"text": "Colin says the publisher indicated that no one in 1948 would buy The Naked and the Dead \"'because it contains even more F-bombs than it does Regular Bombs.'"
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Publisher Bennett Cerf declared in 1948 \"only three novels published since the first of the year that were worth reading ... Cry, the Beloved Country, The Ides of March, and The Naked and the Dead.\"In"
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Later, Modern Library named The Naked and the Dead one of the top hundred novels in the English language."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "Throughout the novel, Mailer dwells on many themes."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mailer believed The Naked and the Dead to be his most renowned work."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1998 the Modern Library ranked The Naked and the Dead 51st on its list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Development",
"text": "\" Mailer was convinced he brought this compassion to The Naked and the Dead, and it is what enabled a 25-year-old to write an incredible war novel."
}
] |
The Naked and the Dead novel has many parts, and it captured the public's attention when published.
| 0 | 0 |
The Naked and the Dead
|
Science
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Education and early life",
"text": "She grew up in Palatine, Illinois; Kaneohe, Hawaii; and Mukilteo, Washington."
}
] |
HMhfKewAUNDA7UPIeYdC
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | Legacy",
"text": "She died on April 6, 2003, in Sonoma, California."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "In 1986, she began working for Digital Equipment Corporation, where she spent 12 years, first at the Western Research Laboratory."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "After receiving her PhD, Borg spent four years building a fault tolerant Unix-based operating system, first for Auragen Systems Corp. of New Jersey and then with Nixdorf Computer in Germany."
},
{
"section_header": "Education and early life",
"text": "She grew up in Palatine, Illinois; Kaneohe, Hawaii; and Mukilteo, Washington."
}
] |
Anita Borg's childhood was spent in California.
| 1 | 3 |
Anita Borg
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Baseball Commissioner",
"text": "Frick agreed to a seven-year contract worth $65,000 each year."
}
] |
HNGf8bbEoUsmLwKeYG89
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "NL President",
"text": "In 1934, he became the NL's public relations director, and then became president of the league later that year."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After working as a teacher and as a sportswriter for the New York American, he served as public relations director of the National League (NL), then as the league's president from 1934 to 1951."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball Commissioner",
"text": "Frick agreed to a seven-year contract worth $65,000 each year."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Bavasi was planning to attend law school, but Frick introduced him to Larry MacPhail of the Brooklyn Dodgers and Bavasi was given a job in minor league baseball, where he began to work his way up the organization."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Ford C. Frick Award recognizes outstanding MLB broadcasters."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball Commissioner",
"text": "Writers often derided Frick for his hands-off approach to baseball matters."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Around this time, he had given some thought to starting his own advertising agency."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball Commissioner | Retirement",
"text": "He was said to have chastised Hall of Fame voters at a meeting of the Baseball Writers' Association of America after they elected no major league candidates in the 1971 Hall of Fame balloting."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball Commissioner",
"text": "Frick presided over the expansion of the American and National Leagues from eight to ten teams."
},
{
"section_header": "NL President",
"text": "They took the idea to the Baseball Writers' Association of America and that organization became the voting body for Hall of Fame elections."
}
] |
Ford Frick was given a six year deal for 55,000 and was a sports writer and the Natinal League President in 1934.
| 1 | 4 |
Ford Frick
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "San Francisco is the 16th most populous city in the United States, and the fourth most populous in California, with 881,549 residents as of 2019."
}
] |
HNK6P1lubxNFhVpCHPSv
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "With San Jose, it forms the fifth most populous combined statistical area in the United States, the San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area (9.67 million residents in 2018)."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics",
"text": "It is also part of the greater 14-county San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area, whose population is over 9.6 million, making it the fifth-largest in the United States as of 2018."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "San Francisco is the 16th most populous city in the United States, and the fourth most populous in California, with 881,549 residents as of 2019."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "San Francisco is the 12th-largest metropolitan statistical area in the United States by population, with 4.7 million people, and the fourth-largest by economic output, with GDP of $549 billion in 2018."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "By 1890, San Francisco's population approached 300,000, making it the eighth-largest city in the United States at the time."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Tourism and conventions",
"text": "In 2016, it attracted the fifth-highest number of foreign tourists of any city in the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture and contemporary life",
"text": "Because of these characteristics, San Francisco is ranked the second \"most walkable\" city in the United States by Walkscore.com."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Race, ethnicity, religion, and languages | Ethnic clustering",
"text": "Research collected on the immigrant clusters in the city show that more than half of the Asian population in San Francisco is either Chinese born (40.3%) or Philippine born (13.1%), and of the Mexican population 21% were Mexican born, meaning these are people who recently immigrated to the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Entertainment and recreation | Beaches and parks",
"text": "Several of San Francisco's parks and nearly all of its beaches form part of the regional Golden Gate National Recreation Area, one of the most visited units of the National Park system in the United States with over 13 million visitors a year."
},
{
"section_header": "Transportation | Cycling and walking",
"text": "In 2015, Walk Score ranked San Francisco the second-most walkable city in the United States."
}
] |
San Francisco is the 16th most populous city in the United States, and with San Jose, it forms the fifth most populous combined statistical area in the United States.
| 0 | 0 |
San Francisco
|
NOCAT
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Tokugawa Ieyasu (德川家康, January 31, 1543 – June 1, 1616) was the founder and first shōgun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan, which effectively ruled Japan from the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 until the Meiji Restoration in 1868."
}
] |
HNUVbJJDyeAl5SUy9c0r
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Ieyasu in popular culture",
"text": "Tokugawa is the leader of Japan in Sid Meier's Civilization IV."
},
{
"section_header": "Shōgun (1603–1605)",
"text": "The Tokugawa shogunate would rule Japan for the next 260 years."
},
{
"section_header": "Ieyasu and Hideyoshi (1584–1598)",
"text": "The Komaki Campaign was the only time any of the great unifiers of Japan fought each other."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Tokugawa Ieyasu (德川家康, January 31, 1543 – June 1, 1616) was the founder and first shōgun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan, which effectively ruled Japan from the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 until the Meiji Restoration in 1868."
},
{
"section_header": "Ieyasu and Hideyoshi (1584–1598)",
"text": "The Hōjō clan ruled the eight provinces of the Kantō region in eastern Japan."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was one of the three \"Great Unifiers\" of Japan, along with his former lord Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi."
},
{
"section_header": "The Sekigahara Campaign (1598–1603)",
"text": "Tokugawa Ieyasu was now the de facto ruler of Japan."
},
{
"section_header": "Ieyasu in popular culture",
"text": "In earlier games, he was armed with spears and led countless warriors, in later ones, he discards the spear and fights with his fists and wants Japan united under the force of bonds."
},
{
"section_header": "Ieyasu and Hideyoshi (1584–1598)",
"text": "Also, because Kantō was somewhat isolated from the rest of Japan, Ieyasu was able to maintain a unique level of autonomy from Hideyoshi's rule."
},
{
"section_header": "Ōgosho (1605–1616) | Siege of Osaka",
"text": "With the Toyotomi line finally extinguished, no threats remained to the Tokugawa clan's domination of Japan."
}
] |
Tokugawa leyasu helped rule Japan and was seen as a great leader who united Japan.
| 3 | 7 |
Tokugawa Ieyasu
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Major League Baseball",
"text": "the 1957 season, the Brooklyn Dodgers relocated to Los Angeles and became the Los Angeles Dodgers, but Campanella's playing career came to an end as a result of an automobile accident."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Major League Baseball",
"text": "He never played a game for Los Angeles."
}
] |
HNxoM8Cxt2n26qiEqSht
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career",
"text": "On June 4, 1972, the Dodgers retired Campanella's uniform number 39 alongside Jackie Robinson's number 42 and Sandy Koufax's number 32."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After he retired as a player as a result of the accident, Campanella held positions in scouting and community relations with the Dodgers."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Major League Baseball",
"text": "the 1957 season, the Brooklyn Dodgers relocated to Los Angeles and became the Los Angeles Dodgers, but Campanella's playing career came to an end as a result of an automobile accident."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Major League Baseball",
"text": "In 1948, he had three different uniform numbers (33, 39, and 56) before settling on 39 for the rest of his career."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "In September 2006, the Los Angeles Dodgers announced the creation of the Roy Campanella Award."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Minor leagues",
"text": "Campanella moved into the Brooklyn Dodgers' minor league system in 1946 as the Dodger organization began preparations to break the MLB color barrier with Jackie Robinson."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career",
"text": "In 1978, Campanella moved to California and accepted a job with the Dodgers as assistant to the director of community relations, Don Newcombe, his former teammate and longtime friend."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career",
"text": "On May 7, 1959, the Dodgers, then playing their second season in Los Angeles, honored Campanella with Roy Campanella Night at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Philadelphia native played in the Negro leagues and Mexican League for several seasons before entering the minor leagues in 1946."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Roy Campanella (November 19, 1921 – June 26, 1993), nicknamed \"Campy\", was an American baseball player, primarily as a catcher."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Major League Baseball",
"text": "He never played a game for Los Angeles."
}
] |
Roy Campanella's retirement from baseball happened before the Dodgers moved to LA.
| 0 | 6 |
Roy Campanella
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "This occurs on the June solstice, when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun to its maximum extent."
},
{
"section_header": "Drift",
"text": "The Tropic of Cancer's position is not fixed, but constantly changes because of a slight wobble in the Earth's longitudinal alignment relative to the ecliptic, the plane in which the Earth orbits around the Sun."
}
] |
HO8KlpoynTUWHTLRbwEV
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Tropic of Cancer, which is also referred to as the Northern Tropic, is the most northerly circle of latitude on Earth at which the Sun can be directly overhead."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "These tropics are two of the five major circles of latitude that mark maps of Earth, the others being the Arctic and Antarctic Circles and the Equator."
},
{
"section_header": "Drift",
"text": "The Tropic of Cancer's position is not fixed, but constantly changes because of a slight wobble in the Earth's longitudinal alignment relative to the ecliptic, the plane in which the Earth orbits around the Sun."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Its Southern Hemisphere counterpart, marking the most southerly position at which the Sun can be directly overhead, is the Tropic of Capricorn."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "This occurs on the June solstice, when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun to its maximum extent."
},
{
"section_header": "Name",
"text": "The word \"tropic\" itself comes from the Greek \"trope (τροπή)\", meaning turn (change of direction, or circumstances), inclination, referring to the fact that the Sun appears to \"turn back\" at the solstices."
},
{
"section_header": "Name",
"text": "When this line of latitude was named in the last centuries BC, the Sun was in the constellation Cancer (Latin for crab) at the June solstice, the time each year that the Sun reaches its zenith at this latitude."
},
{
"section_header": "Name",
"text": "Due to the precession of the equinoxes, this is no longer the case; today the Sun is in Taurus at the June solstice."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The positions of these two circles of latitude (relative to the Equator) are dictated by the tilt of Earth's axis of rotation relative to the plane of its orbit, and since the tilt changes, the location of these two circles also changes."
},
{
"section_header": "Drift",
"text": "See axial tilt and circles of latitude for additional details."
}
] |
The Greek word "Tropic" of Cancer's position is not fixed and occurs on the June solstice, being the most northerly circle of latitude on Earth at which the Sun can be directly overhead.
| 0 | 0 |
Tropic of Cancer
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) Academy Award for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration, Black and White AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) Academy Award for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration, Black and White (John Meehan, Harry Horner, and Emile Kuri) Academy Award for Best Costume Design, Black and White (Edith Head and Gile Steele) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) Academy Award for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration, Black and White AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) Academy Award for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration, Black and White (John Meehan, Harry Horner, and Emile Kuri) Academy Award for Best Costume Design, Black and White (Edith Head and Gile Steele) Academy Award for Best Original Score (Aaron Copland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) Academy Award for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration, Black and White AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) Academy Award for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration, Black and White (John Meehan, Harry Horner, and Emile Kuri) Academy Award for Best Costume Design, Black and White (Edith Head and Gile Steele) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) Academy Award for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration, Black and White AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) Academy Award for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration, Black and White (John Meehan, Harry Horner, and Emile Kuri) Academy Award for Best Costume Design, Black and White (Edith Head and Gile Steele) Academy Award for Best Original Score (Aaron Copland) Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Motion Picture (Olivia de Havilland) National Board of Review Award for Best Actor (Ralph Richardson) New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland)NominationsAcademy Award for Best Picture"
}
] |
HP3OWl9WsjmaKtOuba3p
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "The Heiress received universal critical acclaim and won four Academy Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "Academy Award for Best Director"
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) Academy Award for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration, Black and White AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) Academy Award for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration, Black and White (John Meehan, Harry Horner, and Emile Kuri) Academy Award for Best Costume Design, Black and White (Edith Head and Gile Steele) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) Academy Award for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration, Black and White AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) Academy Award for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration, Black and White (John Meehan, Harry Horner, and Emile Kuri) Academy Award for Best Costume Design, Black and White (Edith Head and Gile Steele) Academy Award for Best Original Score (Aaron Copland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) Academy Award for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration, Black and White AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) Academy Award for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration, Black and White (John Meehan, Harry Horner, and Emile Kuri) Academy Award for Best Costume Design, Black and White (Edith Head and Gile Steele) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) Academy Award for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration, Black and White AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) Academy Award for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration, Black and White (John Meehan, Harry Horner, and Emile Kuri) Academy Award for Best Costume Design, Black and White (Edith Head and Gile Steele) Academy Award for Best Original Score (Aaron Copland) Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Motion Picture (Olivia de Havilland) National Board of Review Award for Best Actor (Ralph Richardson) New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland)NominationsAcademy Award for Best Picture"
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor (Ralph Richardson) Academy Award for Best Cinematography, Black and White (Leo Tover) Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress - Motion Picture (Miriam Hopkins) Golden Globe Award for Best Director - Motion Picture"
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "Writers Guild of America Award for Best Written American Drama"
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "He finds Catherine wealthy and unmarried, and is more attracted to her (and possibly her fortune) than before."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Catherine's gregarious Aunt Lavinia Penniman (Miriam Hopkins) moves into the household after becoming widowed, and attempts to prod Catherine into being more social and find a husband."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Dr. Sloper believes Morris, being far more attractive and charming than Catherine, but poor and with few prospects after he wasted his own inheritance, is an idler courting Catherine only to get her sizable income."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "play The Heiress. The play was suggested by the 1880 novel Washington Square by Henry James."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "\"Channel 4 says of the performances, \"de Havilland's portrayal ... is spine-chilling ... Clift brings a subtle ambiguity to one of his least interesting roles, and Richardson is also excellent.\" In 1975, the twenty-first episode of the eighth season of The Carol Burnett Show featured a take-off of the film called \"The Lady Heir\", with Carol Burnett as Catherine and Roddy McDowell as Morris."
}
] |
The Heiress has won numerous awards which include more than 4 Academy Awards.
| 1 | 5 |
The Heiress
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Illness and death",
"text": "Mantle returned to the hospital shortly thereafter where it was found that his cancer had spread throughout his body."
},
{
"section_header": "Illness and death",
"text": "Mantle died on August 13, 1995, at Baylor University Medical Center with his wife at his side, five months after his mother had died at age 91."
}
] |
HPeqMPLFakPqh0fk45lW
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Illness and death",
"text": "As the years passed, Mantle frequently used a line popularized by football legend Bobby Layne, a Dallas neighbor and friend of Mantle's who also died in part due to alcohol abuse: \"If I'd known I was gonna live this long"
},
{
"section_header": "Player profile | Power hitting",
"text": "Overall, he hit slightly more home runs away (270) than home (266).Surprisingly, Mantle was also one of the best bunters for base hits of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "Illness and death",
"text": "Danny later battled prostate cancer."
},
{
"section_header": "Illness and death",
"text": "Mantle returned to the hospital shortly thereafter where it was found that his cancer had spread throughout his body."
},
{
"section_header": "Player profile | Power hitting",
"text": "right-handed to .281 left. His 372 to 164 home run disparity was due to Mantle having batted"
},
{
"section_header": "Illness and death",
"text": "At the time, Mantle did not know that most of the men in his family had inhaled lead and zinc dust in the mines, which contribute to Hodgkin's and other cancers."
},
{
"section_header": "Illness and death",
"text": "Mickey Jr. later died of liver cancer on December 20, 2000, at age 47."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Major leagues, New York Yankees (1951–1968) | Final seasons: 1965–1968",
"text": "Mantle was selected an AL All-Star again, as a reserve player, but did not make the 28-player squad for the second and last time due to an injury and was replaced by Tony Oliva."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Major leagues, New York Yankees (1951–1968) | Stardom: 1952–1964 | M&M Boys",
"text": "He was selected an All-Star for the eleventh consecutive season and played in the first game, but due to an old injury acting up, he did not play in the second All-Star game."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Major leagues, New York Yankees (1951–1968) | Stardom: 1952–1964 | M&M Boys",
"text": "June 29, he had been selected an All-Star as a starting center fielder, but for the first time, he didn't make the 25-player team due to the foot injury."
},
{
"section_header": "Illness and death",
"text": "Mantle died on August 13, 1995, at Baylor University Medical Center with his wife at his side, five months after his mother had died at age 91."
}
] |
Mantle passed away due to cancer complications.
| 0 | 0 |
Mickey Mantle
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Family and early life",
"text": "Of the seven children born to Johann van Beethoven, only Ludwig, the second-born, and two younger brothers survived infancy."
}
] |
HQYvTZfv3EputGCP9BCo
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Death",
"text": "Several operations were carried out to tap off the excess fluid from Beethoven's abdomen."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1780–1792: Bonn",
"text": "His mother died in 1787, shortly after Beethoven's first visit to Vienna, where he stayed for about two weeks and almost certainly met Mozart."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Bonn 1782–1792",
"text": "52 collection (1805) and the Wind Octet reworked in Vienna in 1793 to become his String Quintet, Op. 4."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1802–1812: The 'heroic' period | \"The Immortal Beloved\"",
"text": "Guicciardi, although she flirted with Beethoven, never had any serious interest in him and married Wenzel Robert von Gallenberg in November 1803. (Beethoven insisted to his later secretary and biographer, Anton Schindler, that Gucciardi had \"sought me out, crying, but I scorned her.\") Josephine had since Beethoven's initial infatuation with her married the elderly Count Joseph Deym, who died in 1804."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1813–1822: Acclaim | Pause",
"text": "By now Beethoven's hearing had again seriously deteriorated, necessitating Beethoven and his interlocutors writing in notebooks to carry out conversations."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After some months of bedridden illness he died in 1827."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1823–1827: The final years",
"text": "Beethoven was won over, and the symphony was first performed, along with sections of the Missa Solemnis, on 7 May 1824, to great acclaim at the Kärntnertortheater."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1792–1802: Vienna – the early years",
"text": "Waldstein wrote to him before his departure: \"You are going to Vienna in fulfilment of your long-frustrated wishes ... With the help of assiduous labour you shall receive Mozart's spirit from Haydn's hands.\" Beethoven left Bonn for Vienna in November 1792, amid rumours of war spilling out of France; he learned shortly after his arrival that his father had died."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1823–1827: The final years",
"text": "My concertos? Everyone grinds out only the stuff he himself has made."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1802–1812: The 'heroic' period | The 'heroic' style",
"text": "Kinsky, immediately called to military duty, did not contribute and died in November 1812 after falling from his horse."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Family and early life",
"text": "Of the seven children born to Johann van Beethoven, only Ludwig, the second-born, and two younger brothers survived infancy."
}
] |
4 out of 7 of Beethoven's siblings died as infants.
| 0 | 0 |
Ludwig van Beethoven
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Part 2 was filmed back-to-back with Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 from 19 February 2009 to 12 June 2010, with reshoots for the epilogue scene taking place at Leavesden Film Studios on 21 December 2010."
}
] |
HQbY3QfuijNHJ647HFxr
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | Other markets",
"text": "On its opening day, Deathly Hallows – Part 2 grossed $43.6 million from 26 countries, placing it 86% ahead of Deathly Hallows – Part 1 and 49% higher than Half-Blood Prince."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Part 2 was filmed back-to-back with Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 from 19 February 2009 to 12 June 2010, with reshoots for the epilogue scene taking place at Leavesden Film Studios on 21 December 2010."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 is a 2011 fantasy film directed by David Yates and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 grossed $381,011,219 in the United States and Canada, along with $960,500,000 in other markets, for a worldwide total of $1,341,511,219."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 was nominated for Best Art Direction, Best Makeup, and Best Visual Effects at the 84th Academy Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | Other markets",
"text": "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 is the third-highest-grossing film, the highest-grossing 2011 film, the highest-grossing Warner Bros. film and the highest-grossing Harry Potter film."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Music",
"text": "It was confirmed that the composer for Part 1, Alexandre Desplat, was set to return for Part 2."
},
{
"section_header": "Distribution | Home media",
"text": "By 18 July 2012 it had sold 4.71 million Blu-ray units ($99.33 million) and 6.47 million DVD units ($88.96 million).On 28 March 2017, Deathly Hallows – Part 2 made its Ultra HD Blu-ray debut, along with Deathly Hallows - Part 1, The Half-Blood Prince, and Order of the Phoenix."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Other reviews criticised the decision to split the novel into two cinematic parts, with Ben Mortimer of The Daily Telegraph writing \"Deathly Hallows – Part 2 isn't a film."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | Other markets",
"text": "Deathly Hallows – Part 2 was in first place at the box office outside North America for four consecutive weekends."
}
] |
Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Part 2 was shot a few years after Part 1.
| 0 | 0 |
Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2
|
Popular Culture
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Citizen Kane is a 1941 American drama film by Orson Welles, its producer, co-screenwriter, director and star."
}
] |
HR7rDbx9sueDZfgMoYqg
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Influence",
"text": "Cinematographer Kazuo Miyagawa said that his use of deep focus was influenced by \"the camera work of Gregg Toland in Citizen Kane\" and not by traditional Japanese art."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "It was like going to school. \"Welles's cinematographer for the film was Gregg Toland, described by Welles as \"just then, the number-one cameraman in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "Citizen Kane was a rare film in that its principal roles were played by actors new to motion pictures."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Citizen Kane is particularly praised for Gregg Toland's cinematography, Robert Wise's editing, Bernard Herrmann's music, and its narrative structure, all of which have been considered innovative and precedent-setting."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "Kathryn Trosper Popper (died March 6, 2016) was reported to have been the last surviving actor to have appeared in Citizen Kane."
},
{
"section_header": "Style | Cinematography",
"text": "\"It's impossible to say how much I owe to Gregg,\" he said."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "Additionally, Charles Bennett appears as the entertainer at the head of the chorus line in the Inquirer party sequence, and cinematographer Gregg Toland makes a cameo appearance as an interviewer depicted in part of the News on the March newsreel."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "Variety reported that block voting by screen extras deprived Citizen Kane of Best Picture and Best Actor, and similar prejudices were likely to have been responsible for the film receiving no technical awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "As the sled burns, the camera reveals its trade name, ignored by the staff: \"Rosebud.\" The beginning of the film's ending credits state that \"Most of the principal actors in Citizen Kane are new to motion pictures."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "During the first few weeks of June, Welles had lengthy discussions about the film with Toland and art director Perry Ferguson in the morning, and in the afternoon and evening he worked with actors and revised the script."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Citizen Kane is a 1941 American drama film by Orson Welles, its producer, co-screenwriter, director and star."
}
] |
Citizen Kane is a auto-biography about actor, Gregg Toland.
| 0 | 2 |
Citizen Kane
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Though he was not the first European to reach China (see Europeans in Medieval China), Marco Polo was the first to explore some parts of Asia and to leave a detailed chronicle of his experience."
}
] |
HRTL2055G8GCXYQx3Cyw
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The three of them embarked on an epic journey to Asia, exploring many places along the Silk Road until they reached Cathay (China)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Marco Polo ( (listen), Venetian: [ˈmaɾko ˈpolo], Italian: [ˈmarko ˈpɔːlo]; 1254 – January 8–9, 1324) was a Venetian merchant, explorer, and writer who travelled through Asia along the Silk Road between 1271 and 1295."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Genoese captivity and later life",
"text": "Marco and his uncle Maffeo financed other expeditions, but likely never left Venetian provinces, nor returned to the Silk Road and Asia."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Pasta myth",
"text": "In fact, pasta had already been invented in Italy long time before Marco Polo's travels to Asia."
},
{
"section_header": "Travels of Marco Polo | Narrative",
"text": "The Polos wanted to sail straight into China, but the ships there were not seaworthy, so they continued overland through the Silk Road, until reaching Kublai's summer palace in Shangdu, near present-day Zhangjiakou."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Though he was not the first European to reach China (see Europeans in Medieval China), Marco Polo was the first to explore some parts of Asia and to leave a detailed chronicle of his experience."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Further exploration",
"text": "Other lesser-known European explorers had already travelled to China, such as Giovanni da Pian del Carpine, but Polo's book meant that his journey was the first to be widely known."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Further exploration",
"text": "Bento de Góis, inspired by Polo's writings of a Christian kingdom in the east, travelled 4,000 miles (6,400 km) in three years across Central Asia."
},
{
"section_header": "Travels of Marco Polo | Narrative",
"text": "The long sede vacante between the death of Pope Clement IV in 1268 and the election of his successor delayed the Polos in fulfilling Kublai's request."
},
{
"section_header": "Scholarly analyses | Allegations of exaggeration",
"text": "The accusation was that Boluo had walked on the same side of the road as a female courtesan, in contravention of the order for men and women to walk on opposite sides of the road inside the city."
}
] |
Marco Polo was the last in a long line of writers and explorers to Asia and along the Silk Road.
| 0 | 0 |
Marco Polo
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical reception",
"text": "In 2016, The Social Network was voted the 27th-best film of the 21st century by the BBC, as voted on by 177 film critics from around the world."
}
] |
HShfD2MHEZBHLFBgurdX
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Accolades",
"text": "It won three for Best Editing, Adapted Screenplay, and Best Direction on February 13, 2011.The Social Network received nominations for eight Academy Awards: Best Picture, Best Actor, Best Cinematography, Best Director, Best Film Editing, Best Original Score, Best Sound Mixing, and Best Adapted Screenplay."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical reception",
"text": "\"The Social Network appeared on 78 film critics' top-ten lists of the best films of 2010, based on Metacritic's aggregation."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical reception",
"text": "In 2016, The Social Network was voted the 27th-best film of the 21st century by the BBC, as voted on by 177 film critics from around the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical reception",
"text": "The site's critical consensus reads, \"Impeccably scripted, beautifully directed, and filled with fine performances, The Social Network is a riveting, ambitious example of modern filmmaking at its finest."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical reception",
"text": "Out of the films of 2010, The Social Network appeared on the most top-ten lists."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Since its release, The Social Network has been cited as inspiring involvement in start-ups and social media."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "The Social Network is the biggest relief I've ever had in a movie\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy",
"text": "But I won't be seeing The Social Network to find out."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical reception",
"text": "It is cocksure, impatient, cold, exciting and instinctively perceptive.\" Peter Travers of Rolling Stone gave the film his first full four-star rating of the year and said: \"The Social Network is the movie of the year."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Social Network was praised for its direction, screenplay, acting, editing, and score."
}
] |
The Social Network received mixed critics.
| 0 | 0 |
The Social Network
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born and raised in central Argentina, Messi relocated to Spain to join Barcelona at age 13, for whom he made his competitive debut aged 17 in October 2004."
},
{
"section_header": "Player profile | Reception",
"text": "Despite having lived in Spain since age 13, Messi has said: \"Argentina is my country, my family, my way of expressing myself."
}
] |
HSicIme5KlVf5D6fzbou
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Player profile | Style of play",
"text": "His favoured position in childhood was the playmaker behind two strikers, known as the enganche in Argentine football, but he began his career in Spain as a left-winger or left-sided forward."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini (Spanish pronunciation: [ljoˈnel anˈdɾez ˈmesi] (listen); born 24 June 1987) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a forward and captains both Spanish club Barcelona and the Argentina national team."
},
{
"section_header": "International career | 2016: Copa América Centenario, retirement, and return | \"Don't go, Leo\"",
"text": "President of Argentina Mauricio Macri urged Messi not to quit, stating, \"We are lucky, it is one of life's pleasures, it is a gift from God to have the best player in the world in a footballing country like ours... Lionel Messi is the greatest thing we have in Argentina"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Growing up in a tight-knit, football-loving family, \"Leo\" developed a passion for the sport from an early age, playing constantly with his older brothers, Rodrigo and Matías, and his cousins, Maximiliano and Emanuel Biancucchi, both of whom became professional footballers."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Tax fraud",
"text": "Facing the judge, he said, \"I just played football."
},
{
"section_header": "Player profile | Reception",
"text": "I would change all my records to make the people in my country happy.\" Moreover, several pundits and footballing figures, including Maradona, have also questioned Messi's leadership with Argentina at times, despite his playing ability."
},
{
"section_header": "Player profile | Style of play",
"text": "As his career advanced, and his tendency to dribble diminished slightly with age, Messi began to dictate play in deeper areas of the pitch, and developed into one of the best passers and playmakers in world football."
},
{
"section_header": "Player profile | Reception",
"text": "Despite having lived in Spain since age 13, Messi has said: \"Argentina is my country, my family, my way of expressing myself."
},
{
"section_header": "International career | 2004–05: Success at youth level",
"text": "To further prevent Spain from taking him, the Argentine Football Association organised two under-20 friendlies in June 2004, against Paraguay and Uruguay, with the purpose of finalising his status as an Argentina player in FIFA."
},
{
"section_header": "International career | 2004–05: Success at youth level",
"text": "As a dual Argentine-Spanish national, Messi was eligible to play for the national team of both countries."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born and raised in central Argentina, Messi relocated to Spain to join Barcelona at age 13, for whom he made his competitive debut aged 17 in October 2004."
}
] |
Professional footballer Lionel Messi left his home country as a teenager to play football in Spain.
| 0 | 0 |
Lionel Messi
|
Literature
| 9 |
[
{
"section_header": "Boycotting Israel",
"text": "As part of the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions movement (BDS), the author declined publication of the book in Israel in 2012."
}
] |
HT6RFxWBSq1Syc50KwpY
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Boycotting Israel",
"text": "Walker, an ardent pro-Palestinian activist, said in a letter to Yediot Books that Israel practices apartheid and must change its policies before her works can be published there."
},
{
"section_header": "Boycotting Israel",
"text": "As part of the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions movement (BDS), the author declined publication of the book in Israel in 2012."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Color Purple is a 1982 epistolary novel by American author Alice Walker which won the 1983 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction and the National Book Award for Fiction."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "Walker also won the National Book Award for Fiction in 1983."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "The Color Purple won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1983, making Walker the first black woman to win the prize."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "Mel Watkins of the New York Times Book Review wrote that it is a \"striking and consummately well-written novel\", praising its powerful emotional impact and epistolary structure."
},
{
"section_header": "Boycotting Israel",
"text": "This decision was criticized by Harvard professor Alan Dershowitz, who argued that Walker \"resorted to bigotry and censorship against Hebrew-speaking readers of her writings\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Despite being newly married to a man called Grady, Shug instigates a sexual relationship with Celie on her next visit."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "On November 5, 2019, the BBC News listed The Color Purple on its list of the 100 most influential novels."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Squeak, a mixed-race woman and Sheriff Hodges' illegitimate niece, attempts to blackmail the sheriff into releasing Sofia, resulting in her being raped by her uncle."
}
] |
Alice Walker who wrote "The Color Purple" did not want her book to be published in Israel in 2012.
| 6 | 10 |
The Color Purple
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life | Religion",
"text": "He recalled the time when his college football team was staying at a local hotel which would not allow two black teammates to stay there, and he invited them to his parents' home 15 miles (24 kilometers) away in Dixon."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Religion",
"text": "His mother invited them to stay overnight and have breakfast the next morning."
}
] |
HTEigMt5aYqVpRdNRxKe
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Entertainment career | Radio and film",
"text": "Throughout his film career, Reagan's mother answered much of his fan mail."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Religion",
"text": "His mother invited them to stay overnight and have breakfast the next morning."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Religion",
"text": "Ronald Reagan wrote that his mother \"always expected to find the best in people and often did.\" She attended the Disciples of Christ church regularly and was active, and very influential, within it; she frequently led Sunday school services and gave the Bible readings to the congregation during the services."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Honors",
"text": "After Reagan's death, the United States Postal Service issued a President Ronald Reagan commemorative postage stamp in 2005."
},
{
"section_header": "Governor of California (1967–1975)",
"text": "About two million abortions would be performed as a result, mostly because of a provision in the bill allowing abortions for the well-being of the mother."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Honors",
"text": "On Reagan's 87th birthday in 1998, Washington National Airport was renamed Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport by a bill signed into law by President Bill Clinton."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Honors",
"text": "The day before, President Obama signed the Ronald Reagan Centennial Commission Act into law, establishing a commission to plan activities to mark the upcoming centenary of Reagan's birth."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-presidency (1989–2004) | Public speaking",
"text": "In 1992 Reagan established the Ronald Reagan Freedom Award with the newly formed Ronald Reagan Presidential Foundation."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Religion",
"text": "According to Paul Kengor, Reagan had a particularly strong faith in the goodness of people; this faith stemmed from the optimistic faith of his mother and the Disciples of Christ faith, into which he was baptized in 1922."
},
{
"section_header": "Marriages and children",
"text": "They had two children: Patti (b. 1952) and Ronald \"Ron\" (b. 1958)."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Religion",
"text": "He recalled the time when his college football team was staying at a local hotel which would not allow two black teammates to stay there, and he invited them to his parents' home 15 miles (24 kilometers) away in Dixon."
}
] |
Ronald Reagan's mother was a segregationist.
| 0 | 0 |
Ronald Reagan
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Composition history | Writing",
"text": "Eliot later dedicated the poem to Pound."
}
] |
HUWWcoARlQ2uWRseg5uO
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "In the end, the title Eliot chose was The Waste Land."
},
{
"section_header": "Style",
"text": "The Waste Land is notable for its seemingly disjointed structure, indicative of the Modernist style of James Joyce's Ulysses (which Eliot cited as an influence and which he read the same year that he was writing The Waste Land)."
},
{
"section_header": "Style",
"text": "The Waste Land is not a single monologue like \"Prufrock\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure",
"text": "Weston's book was so central to the structure of the poem that it was the first text that Eliot cited in his \"Notes on the Waste Land\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Style",
"text": "The Waste Land is Mr. Eliot's greatest achievement."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition history | Writing",
"text": "Eliot probably worked on the text that became The Waste Land for several years preceding its first publication in 1922."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition history | Writing",
"text": "Richard Aldington, in his memoirs, relates that \"a year or so\" before Eliot read him the manuscript draft of The Waste Land in London, Eliot visited him in the country."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure",
"text": "The five parts of The Waste Land are entitled: The Burial of the Dead"
},
{
"section_header": "Style",
"text": "In 1936, E. M. Forster wrote about The Waste Land: Let me go straight to the heart of the matter, fling my poor little hand on the table, and say what I think The Waste Land is about."
},
{
"section_header": "Parodies",
"text": "Wendy Cope published a parody of The Waste Land, condensing the poem into five limericks, Waste Land Limericks, in her 1986 collection Making Cocoa for Kingley Amis."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition history | Writing",
"text": "Eliot later dedicated the poem to Pound."
}
] |
T.S. Eliot thanked W.B. Yeats in his forward to The Waste Land.
| 0 | 0 |
The Waste Land
|
Popular Culture
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 2001–2009: Early career and Transformers",
"text": "In April 2009, she began filming Jonah Hex, in which she portrayed Leila (Tallulah Black), a gun-wielding beauty and Jonah Hex's (Josh Brolin) love interest."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2001–2009: Early career and Transformers",
"text": "Jonah Hex was a critical and commercial failure in the U.S., with its international distribution cancelled after its poor performance."
}
] |
HUo6kiB7IQ1abHTRkumP
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 2001–2009: Early career and Transformers",
"text": "In the next several years, she guest-starred on What I Like About You and Two and a Half Men, as well as being an uncredited extra in Bad Boys II (2003)."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "So, I was sort of checked out on that part of it.\" Fox began dating actor Brian Austin Green in 2004, after meeting on the set of Hope & Faith; she was 18 years old, while he was 30."
},
{
"section_header": "Public image | Status and persona",
"text": "\"In 2009, Fox's public image came under scrutiny when an unsigned letter from three crew members of Transformers defended director Michael Bay against accusations made by Fox about his on-set behavior, including a comparison with Adolf Hitler."
},
{
"section_header": "Public image | Status and persona",
"text": "Her tattoos, which she began getting at age 19 as a form of self-expression, helped popularize tattoo fashion."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010–present",
"text": "In 2020, Fox will star in Think Like a Dog opposite Josh Duhamel, which is scheduled to be released on video on demand on June 9, 2020.Fox will next star in the drama comedy Big Gold Brick, alongside Oscar Isaac, Andy García, Lucy Hale, and Emory Cohen, directed by Brian Petsos."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2001–2009: Early career and Transformers",
"text": "Fox was nominated for an MTV Movie Award in the category of \"Breakthrough Performance\", and was also nominated for three Teen Choice Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "\" In the same interview, she mentions that she hated school and has \"never been a big believer in formal education\" and that \"the education I was getting seemed irrelevant."
},
{
"section_header": "Public image | Status and persona",
"text": "The media often comparing Fox to actress Angelina Jolie, dubbing her the \"next Angelina Jolie\", also affected her image."
},
{
"section_header": "Public image | Status and persona",
"text": "She said she was \"very fortunate\" to be a part of the franchise, and was looking forward to continuing her work."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2001–2009: Early career and Transformers",
"text": "The film was released on June 18, 2010."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2001–2009: Early career and Transformers",
"text": "In April 2009, she began filming Jonah Hex, in which she portrayed Leila (Tallulah Black), a gun-wielding beauty and Jonah Hex's (Josh Brolin) love interest."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2001–2009: Early career and Transformers",
"text": "Jonah Hex was a critical and commercial failure in the U.S., with its international distribution cancelled after its poor performance."
}
] |
In 2009 Megan Fox was part of a cowboy movie that was so bad when it came out the next year that it didn't get released in other countries.
| 1 | 5 |
Megan Fox
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Major leagues | Later career",
"text": "After retiring as a player, Faber entered auto sales and real estate."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Urban Clarence \"Red\" Faber (September 6, 1888 – September 25, 1976) was an American right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball from 1914 through 1933, playing his entire career for the Chicago White Sox."
}
] |
HV077olN5xfozkoN5z1D
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Major leagues | Later career",
"text": "He had pitched 20 consecutive years for the White Sox."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Urban Clarence \"Red\" Faber (September 6, 1888 – September 25, 1976) was an American right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball from 1914 through 1933, playing his entire career for the Chicago White Sox."
},
{
"section_header": "Major leagues | Success in the 1920s",
"text": "Faber achieved most of his success with White Sox teams that were usually barely competitive."
},
{
"section_header": "Major leagues | Success in the 1920s",
"text": "After much of the core of that team was permanently banned in the Black Sox Scandal the White Sox had only two winning seasons in Faber's last 13 years, never finishing above fifth place."
},
{
"section_header": "Major leagues | Success in the 1920s",
"text": "Faber made the trip but was not asked to testify and returned to the White Sox without missing a start."
},
{
"section_header": "Major leagues | Success in the 1920s",
"text": "He was also among the league leaders in strikeouts each year, while pitching at least 25 complete games and over 300 innings."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Faber won 254 games over his 20-year career, a total which ranked 17th-highest in history upon his retirement."
},
{
"section_header": "Major leagues | Later career",
"text": "After retiring as a player, Faber entered auto sales and real estate."
},
{
"section_header": "Major leagues | Later career",
"text": "He returned as a White Sox coach for three seasons."
},
{
"section_header": "Major leagues | Later career",
"text": "He holds the White Sox franchise record for most games pitched, and held the team records for career wins, starts, complete games and innings until they were later broken by Ted Lyons."
}
] |
Red Faber played baseball in the 1920s and then went into sales after 20 years with the White Sox.
| 0 | 0 |
Red Faber
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Lazzeri was born on December 6, 1903, to Augustine and Julia Lazzeri, who had emigrated from Italy."
}
] |
HV0bdMVXrHLSi2KUt2s7
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lazzeri was born and raised in San Francisco, California."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Lazzeri was born on December 6, 1903, to Augustine and Julia Lazzeri, who had emigrated from Italy."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "At age 15, Lazzeri was expelled from school."
},
{
"section_header": "Minor league career",
"text": "The Cincinnati Reds passed on Lazzeri as well."
},
{
"section_header": "Later career",
"text": "The Yankees released Lazzeri following the 1937 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Koenig considered Lazzeri the team's most valuable player."
},
{
"section_header": "New York Yankees",
"text": "Lazzeri debuted in the major leagues in 1926 as a member of the Yankees."
},
{
"section_header": "New York Yankees",
"text": "Lazzeri had his career-high batting average of .354 in 1929."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Before the 1923 season, Lazzeri married Maye Janes."
},
{
"section_header": "Minor league career",
"text": "A friend of Lazzeri convinced Duffy Lewis, who managed the Salt Lake City Bees of the Pacific Coast League (PCL), to allow Lazzeri to tryout for the team in 1922."
}
] |
Tony Lazzeri was born to Iranian immigrants.
| 2 | 3 |
Tony Lazzeri
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was extremely unpopular there and returned to London permanently in 1791."
}
] |
HVCyY6apFB49NuI18MC3
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "[O.S. 3 January 1740] – 14 June 1801) was an American-born senior officer of the British Army who commanded the American Legion in the later part of the Revolutionary War."
},
{
"section_header": "Revolutionary War (British service) | British surrender and exile in England",
"text": "In the House of Commons, Edmund Burke expressed the hope that the government would not put Arnold \"at the head of a part of a British army\" lest \"the sentiments of true honour, which every British officer [holds] dearer than life, should be afflicted."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was extremely unpopular there and returned to London permanently in 1791."
},
{
"section_header": "Revolutionary War (American service) | Saratoga Campaign",
"text": "Congress restored Arnold's command seniority in response to his valor at Saratoga."
},
{
"section_header": "Revolutionary War (American service) | Saratoga Campaign",
"text": "Arnold returned to the Hudson where General Gates had taken over command of the American army, which had retreated to a camp south of Stillwater."
},
{
"section_header": "Revolutionary War (American service) | Quebec Expedition",
"text": "He also had disagreements with John Brown and James Easton, two lower-level officers with political connections that resulted in ongoing suggestions of improprieties on his part."
},
{
"section_header": "Revolutionary War (British service) | Raids in Virginia and Connecticut colonies",
"text": "Arnold commanded the army only until 20 May, when Lord Cornwallis arrived with the southern army and took over."
},
{
"section_header": "Plotting to change sides",
"text": "He knew that he was distrusted and disliked by senior military officers on both sides."
},
{
"section_header": "Revolutionary War (American service) | Quebec Expedition",
"text": "The Second Continental Congress authorized an invasion of Quebec, in part on the urging of Arnold—but he was passed over for command of the expedition."
},
{
"section_header": "Marriage and children",
"text": "Lieutenant, American Legion cavalry) Henry Arnold (1772–1826) (Lieutenant, American Legion cavalry)He had five children with Peggy Shippen: Edward Shippen Arnold (1780–1813) ("
}
] |
Benedict Arnold was an American-born senior officer of the British Army who commanded the American Legion in the later part of the Revolutionary War, but was extremely unpopular in Canada.
| 0 | 0 |
Benedict Arnold
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | The Golden Era with Pelé (1958–70)",
"text": "They won all six of their games—against Czechoslovakia, England and Romania during group play, and against Peru, Uruguay and Italy in the knockout rounds."
},
{
"section_header": "History | The Golden Era with Pelé (1958–70)",
"text": "Nonetheless, he returned in 1970.Brazil won its third World Cup in Mexico in 1970."
}
] |
HVQ1j8gfqr4C0NIMUWMs
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | First World Cup and title drought (1930–49)",
"text": "They lost in the first round to Spain in 1934 in Italy, but reached the semi-finals in France in 1938, being defeated 2–1 by eventual winners Italy."
},
{
"section_header": "History | The Golden Era with Pelé (1958–70)",
"text": "Brazil lost this match and was eliminated in the first round of the World Cup for the first time since 1934."
},
{
"section_header": "History | The Golden Era with Pelé (1958–70)",
"text": "Brazil became the second nation to be eliminated in the first round while holding the World Cup crown following Italy in 1950."
},
{
"section_header": "History | World Cup drought (2002–present)",
"text": "At the 2011 Copa América, Brazil lost against Paraguay and was eliminated in the quarter-finals."
},
{
"section_header": "History | The Golden Era with Pelé (1958–70)",
"text": "They won all six of their games—against Czechoslovakia, England and Romania during group play, and against Peru, Uruguay and Italy in the knockout rounds."
},
{
"section_header": "History | World Cup drought (2002–present)",
"text": "In the round of 16, Brazil beat Ghana 3–0."
},
{
"section_header": "History | First World Cup and title drought (1930–49)",
"text": "The squad defeated Bolivia but lost to Yugoslavia, being eliminated from the competition."
},
{
"section_header": "History | The dry spell (1974–1990)",
"text": "At the 1990 World Cup in Italy, Brazil was coached by Sebastião Lazaroni, that had been the coach in the 1989 Copa América."
},
{
"section_header": "History | The dry spell (1974–1990)",
"text": "The last one had been in the 1970 World Cup."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Return to winning ways (1994–2002)",
"text": "In their knockout round matches in Japan, Brazil defeated Belgium 2–0 in Kobe in the round of 16."
},
{
"section_header": "History | The Golden Era with Pelé (1958–70)",
"text": "Nonetheless, he returned in 1970.Brazil won its third World Cup in Mexico in 1970."
}
] |
At the 1970 World Cup, Brazil lost to Italy in the single-elimination round.
| 0 | 0 |
Brazil national football team
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "With a worldwide gross of $976 million, Part 1 is the third-highest-grossing film of 2010, behind Toy Story 3 and Alice in Wonderland, and the third-highest-grossing Harry Potter film in terms of worldwide totals, behind Deathly Hallows – Part 2 and Philosopher's Stone."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film, which is the seventh and penultimate instalment in the Harry Potter film series, was written by Steve Kloves and produced by David Heyman, David Barron, and Rowling."
}
] |
HVzYrRJ3MmObKOqRx4JU
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "the highest for a 2010 release, and the second highest for a Harry Potter movie, behind only Half-Blood Prince."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 grossed $24 million in North America during its midnight showing, beating the record for the highest midnight gross of the series, previously held by Half Blood Prince, at $22.2 million."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "It became the highest opening day for a Harry Potter film in the series, a record previously held by Half-Blood Prince with $58.2 million, until it was broken by Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 with $92.1 million."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "With a worldwide gross of $976 million, Part 1 is the third-highest-grossing film of 2010, behind Toy Story 3 and Alice in Wonderland, and the third-highest-grossing Harry Potter film in terms of worldwide totals, behind Deathly Hallows – Part 2 and Philosopher's Stone."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Music",
"text": "Instead, Alexandre Desplat was hired to compose the score for Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "It is the second film in the Harry Potter film series to be nominated for a Visual Effects Oscar (the previous one being Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is the sequel to Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince and is followed by the concluding entry, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "Part 1 ended its run with $296.3 million in the United States and Canada, making it the fifth highest-grossing film of 2010 in these regions, and $680.6 million from other countries around the world, for a worldwide total of $976.1 million, making it the third highest-grossing film of 2010 worldwide behind Toy Story 3 and Alice in Wonderland, as well as the third highest grossing Harry Potter film in the series behind The Deathly Hallows – Part 2 and The Philosopher's Stone."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "All of these records were later topped in 2011 by the film's sequel, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2.In North America, the film grossed $61.7 million on its opening day, marking the sixth highest single day gross ever at the time."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "The site's consensus reads, \"It can't help but feel like the prelude it is, but Deathly Hallows: Part I is a beautifully filmed, emotionally satisfying penultimate installment for the Harry Potter series."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film, which is the seventh and penultimate instalment in the Harry Potter film series, was written by Steve Kloves and produced by David Heyman, David Barron, and Rowling."
}
] |
Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 is a movie from the Harry Potter series and was one of the highest grossing movies.
| 0 | 0 |
Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Battle of Tannenberg was fought between Russia and Germany between 26 and 30 August 1914, the first month of World War I."
}
] |
HWDryAiWnDvvySZqdmJ5
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "Field Marshal Sir Edmund Ironside saw Tannenberg as the “… greatest defeat suffered by any of the combatants during the war”."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-war legacy",
"text": "The PC game Tannenberg (video game) released in 2017 is squad-based multiplayer first-person shooter set during"
},
{
"section_header": "Post-war legacy",
"text": "However, it was blown up in World War II by the Germans during their retreat from Prussia in January 1945.German film director Heinz Paul made a film, Tannenberg, about the battle, shot in East Prussia in 1932."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Main battle: 26–30 August",
"text": "Little had been achieved during the day, when they had intended to spring the trap."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Main battle: 26–30 August",
"text": "He requested that the battle be named Tannenberg (an imaginative touch that both Ludendorff and Hoffmann claimed as their own)."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Main battle: 26–30 August",
"text": "They were in a cauldron centered at Frogenau, east of Tannenberg, and throughout the day were relentlessly pounded by artillery."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Main battle: 26–30 August",
"text": "Gen. Basil Gourko, commanding the Russian First Army Cavalry Division (and from 1916–17 chief of the general staff), was told later that Samsonov did not know what was happening on his flanks because he was observing the action from a rise in the ground a distance from his wireless set and reports were not relayed to him."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although the battle actually took place near Allenstein (Olsztyn), Hindenburg named it after Tannenberg, 30 km (19 mi) to the west, in order to avenge the defeat of the Teutonic Knights 500 years earlier at the Battle of Grunwald by Poland-Lithuania (which was also known as the Battle of Tannenberg in German)."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Main battle: 26–30 August",
"text": "Hoffmann, who had been an observer with the Japanese in Manchuria, tried to ease their nerves by telling how Samsonov and Rennenkampf had quarreled during that war, so they would do nothing to help one another."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Battle of Tannenberg was fought between Russia and Germany between 26 and 30 August 1914, the first month of World War I."
}
] |
The Battle of Tannenberg happened during WWI.
| 0 | 4 |
Battle of Tannenberg
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After graduating from Cretin High School, he was selected in the 28th round of the 1974 free agent draft as a pitcher by the St. Louis Cardinals, but opted instead to attend college at the University of Minnesota."
}
] |
HWvjV7NFAOP0dApo3gCd
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Coaching and managerial career | Minnesota Twins",
"text": "On October 2, 2018, the Twins fired Molitor as manager, but expressed that they had interest in having him continue to maintain a role with the team in some capacity."
},
{
"section_header": "Coaching and managerial career | Early career",
"text": "He was considered a leading candidate to manage the team when Tom Kelly retired after 2001, but he declined in part because the Twins were still being targeted for potential contraction."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Toronto Blue Jays",
"text": "Although Molitor wanted to remain with Milwaukee when he became a free agent after the 1992 season, the franchise offered him a one-year contract with a $900,000 pay cut (to $2.5 million), while the Toronto Blue Jays offered a three-year, $13 million ($23,000,000 in current dollar terms) deal, leading to his signing with the Blue Jays."
},
{
"section_header": "Coaching and managerial career | Minnesota Twins",
"text": "Molitor was rewarded for his efforts in leading the Twins back to the postseason after losing 103 games the season prior, the first team in history to achieve this feat, by being named American League Manager of the Year in November 2017."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Milwaukee Brewers",
"text": "Molitor struggled with injuries for much of his early career, being placed on the disabled list six times between 1980 and 1986."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Milwaukee Brewers",
"text": "Molitor was part of a young Milwaukee Brewers team that lost the 1982 World Series in seven games to the St. Louis Cardinals."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was a finalist for the Major League Baseball All-Century Team."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Toronto Blue Jays",
"text": "He also stole 20 bases that season without ever being caught, one short of Kevin McReynolds' 1988 major league record of 21."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He managed the team for four seasons, and was fired in October 2018."
},
{
"section_header": "Accomplishments",
"text": "In 1999, Molitor ranked No. 99 on The Sporting News' list of the 100 Greatest Baseball Players, and he was nominated as a finalist for the Major League Baseball All-Century Team."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After graduating from Cretin High School, he was selected in the 28th round of the 1974 free agent draft as a pitcher by the St. Louis Cardinals, but opted instead to attend college at the University of Minnesota."
}
] |
Molitor rejected an offer to play for a team to be able to continue his studies.
| 0 | 0 |
Paul Molitor
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At 1.28 million km2 (0.5 million mi2), Peru is the 19th largest country in the world, and the third largest in South America."
}
] |
HXqdu7hShAAeksbe6SiR
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Conquest and colonial period",
"text": "As a result of these and other changes, the Spaniards and their creole successors came to monopolize control over the land, seizing many of the best lands abandoned by the massive native depopulation."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Military and law enforcement",
"text": "In 2020, Peru used its military personnel and even reservists to enforce the strict quarantine measures placed during the COVID-19 pandemic."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy and infrastructure",
"text": "The economy of Peru is the 48th largest in the world (ranked by Purchasing Power Parity), and the income level is classified as upper middle by the World Bank."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Foreign relations",
"text": "Over recent decades, Peru's foreign relations has historically been dominated by close ties with the United States and Asia, particularly through the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the World Trade Organization, the Pacific Alliance, Mercosur, and the Organization of American States (OAS)."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Education",
"text": "Peru is home to one of the oldest institutions of higher learning in the New World."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Cuisine",
"text": "Peru's diversity of ingredients and cooking techniques is receiving worldwide acclaim."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "When his possessions were visited by Spanish explorers in 1522, they were the southernmost part of the New World yet known to Europeans."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Cuisine",
"text": "Peru's varied climate allows the growth of diverse plants and animals good for cooking."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "In the second of these basins, the giant Amazon River begins, which, with its 6872 km, is the longest river in the world, with 75% of the Peruvian territory."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "Peru's longest rivers are the Ucayali, the Marañón, the Putumayo, the Yavarí, the Huallaga, the Urubamba, the Mantaro, and the Amazon."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At 1.28 million km2 (0.5 million mi2), Peru is the 19th largest country in the world, and the third largest in South America."
}
] |
Peru's land mass places it in the top twenty of biggest in the world.
| 0 | 0 |
Peru
|
Science
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Death",
"text": "During the autopsy, the pathologist of Princeton Hospital, Thomas Stoltz Harvey, removed Einstein's brain for preservation without the permission of his family, in the hope that the neuroscience of the future would be able to discover what made Einstein so intelligent."
}
] |
HXzcKCdJCuWzKkSVTF9U
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Death",
"text": "During the autopsy, the pathologist of Princeton Hospital, Thomas Stoltz Harvey, removed Einstein's brain for preservation without the permission of his family, in the hope that the neuroscience of the future would be able to discover what made Einstein so intelligent."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Early life and education",
"text": "In 1880, the family moved to Munich, where Einstein's father and his uncle Jakob founded Elektrotechnische Fabrik J. Einstein & Cie, a company that manufactured electrical equipment based on direct current."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1933: Immigration to the US | Refugee status",
"text": "how, with \"virtually no audible protest being raised by their colleagues\", thousands of Jewish scientists were suddenly forced to give up their university positions and their names were removed from the rolls of institutions where they were employed."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Early life and education",
"text": "While lodging with the family of professor Jost Winteler, he fell in love with Winteler's daughter, Marie."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Early life and education",
"text": "When the family moved to Pavia, Einstein, then 15, stayed in Munich to finish his studies at the Luitpold Gymnasium."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Early life and education",
"text": "In search of business, the Einstein family moved to Italy, first to Milan and a few months later to Pavia."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Early life and education",
"text": "At the end of December 1894, he traveled to Italy to join his family in Pavia, convincing the school to let him go by using a doctor's note."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Early life and education",
"text": "A family tutor Max Talmud says that after he had given the 12-year-old Einstein a geometry textbook, after a short time \"[Einstein] had worked through the whole book."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1933: Immigration to the US | World War II and the Manhattan Project",
"text": "In addition to the letter, Einstein used his connections with the Belgian Royal Family and the Belgian queen mother to get access with a personal envoy to the White House's Oval Office."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Personal life | Love of music",
"text": "In 1931, while engaged in research at the California Institute of Technology, he visited the Zoellner family conservatory in Los Angeles, where he played some of Beethoven and Mozart's works with members of the Zoellner Quartet."
}
] |
Einstein's brain was removed for preservation by the permission of his family.
| 2 | 7 |
Albert Einstein
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played in Major League Baseball (MLB), primarily for the Detroit Tigers as a first baseman in the 1930s and 1940s."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Major leagues | Final seasons",
"text": "Starring as a first baseman and outfielder with the Tigers (1930, 1933–46) and doing duty only briefly with the Pirates (1947), Greenberg played only nine full seasons."
}
] |
HZUu72hz8q61wE3FSrKl
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Major leagues | Early years",
"text": "In the bottom of the 6th inning, Greenberg and Lou Finney were sent into the game to replace right fielder Charlie Keller and left fielder Ted Williams with Greenberg playing in left field and Finney in right field."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Major leagues | Early years",
"text": "Absent Greenberg, the Tigers lost to the New York Yankees, 5–2."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Hank Greenberg was born Hyman Greenberg on January 1, 1911, in Greenwich Village, New York City, to Romanian Orthodox Jewish parents, David and Sarah Greenberg, who had emigrated from Bucharest."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Major leagues | Return to baseball",
"text": "Greenberg, who played left field in 72 games and batted .311 in 1945, helped lead the Tigers to a come-from-behind American League pennant, clinching it with a grand slam home run in the dark—there were no lights in Sportsman's Park in St. Louis—ninth inning of the final game of the season."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Major leagues | World War II service",
"text": "He was ordered to New York, and in late 1944, to Richmond, Virginia."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "The family owned a successful cloth-shrinking plant in New York."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1947, Greenberg signed a contract for a record $85,000 salary before being sold to the Pittsburgh Pirates, where he played his final MLB season that year."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Major leagues | Management and ownership",
"text": "On September 20, 1961, Greenberg along with Bob Neal called a baseball game for ABC between the New York Yankees and Baltimore Orioles."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "In 1929, the 18-year-old 6-foot-4-inch Greenberg was recruited by the New York Yankees, who already had Lou Gehrig at first base."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Major leagues | Return to baseball",
"text": "Phil Cavarretta hit a home run for the Cubs in Game One, Greenberg hit a homer in Game Two, where he batted in three runs in a 4–1 Tigers win, and he hit a two-run homer in Game Six in the eighth inning that tied the score 8–8; the Cubs went on to win that game with a run in the bottom of the 12th."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played in Major League Baseball (MLB), primarily for the Detroit Tigers as a first baseman in the 1930s and 1940s."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Major leagues | Final seasons",
"text": "Starring as a first baseman and outfielder with the Tigers (1930, 1933–46) and doing duty only briefly with the Pirates (1947), Greenberg played only nine full seasons."
}
] |
Hank Greenberg was an actor in the movie Singing in the Rain with Gene Kelly before playing baseball for the New York Mets.
| 1 | 3 |
Hank Greenberg
|
Music
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Outside of his music career, West has also had success in the fashion industry."
}
] |
HZbt6Db9Ls8InTvTZa1u
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Outside of his music career, West has also had success in the fashion industry."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Fashion",
"text": "Early in his career, West made clear his interest in fashion and desire to work in the clothing design industry."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Fashion",
"text": "In February, West tweeted \"Yeezy is no longer a fashion company we should be referred to as apparel or clothing or simply YEEZY.\"West's Yeezy shoe line is considered one of the most influential sneaker brands in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Legacy",
"text": "Outside of his music career, West's success in the fashion industry has led to him being recognized as one of the most influential popular culture figures of his generation."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Fashion",
"text": "In January 2009, he introduced his first shoe line designed for Louis Vuitton during Paris Fashion Week."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Fashion",
"text": "In September 2005, West announced that he would release his Pastelle Clothing line in spring 2006, claiming \"Now that I have a Grammy under my belt and Late Registration is finished, I am ready to launch my clothing line next spring."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Fashion",
"text": "In May 2017, West, alongside wife Kim Kardashian, launched a clothing line for children titled \"Kids Supply\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Fashion",
"text": "On March 6, 2012, West premiered a second fashion line at Paris Fashion Week."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Fashion",
"text": "In 2015, West unveiled his Yeezy Season clothing line, premiering Season 1 in collaboration with Adidas early in the year."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Fashion",
"text": "On February 11, West premiered his Yeezy Season 3 clothing line at Madison Square Garden in conjunction with the previewing of his album"
}
] |
Except in the music industry, he also had success in the fashion industry with clothes and shoes lines.
| 2 | 8 |
Kanye West
|
Science
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A fungus (plural: fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms."
}
] |
Ha1boMlFc9VBIlW1PqS4
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy | Fungus-like organisms",
"text": "Ellobiopsis, now in Alveolata, was considered a chytrid."
},
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy | Fungus-like organisms",
"text": "The genus Blastocystis, now in Stramenopiles, was originally classified as a yeast."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A fungus (plural: fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms."
},
{
"section_header": "Human use | Cultured foods",
"text": "sinensis. Baker's yeast or Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a unicellular fungus, is used to make bread and other wheat-based products, such as pizza dough and dumplings."
},
{
"section_header": "Characteristics",
"text": "There are also single-celled fungi (yeasts) that do not form hyphae, and some fungi have both hyphal and yeast forms."
},
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy | Taxonomic groups",
"text": "The Blastocladiomycota were previously considered a taxonomic clade within the Chytridiomycota."
},
{
"section_header": "Human use | Poisonous fungi",
"text": "Tricholoma equestre was considered edible until it was implicated in serious poisonings causing rhabdomyolysis."
},
{
"section_header": "Growth and physiology",
"text": "The fungi are traditionally considered heterotrophs, organisms that rely solely on carbon fixed by other organisms for metabolism."
},
{
"section_header": "Pathogenic mechanisms",
"text": "Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated yeast that can live in both plants and animals."
},
{
"section_header": "Human use | Poisonous fungi",
"text": "The false morel (Gyromitra esculenta) is occasionally considered a delicacy when cooked, yet can be highly toxic when eaten raw."
}
] |
Yeasts are considered a fungus.
| 1 | 1 |
Fungus
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Italian scientist Francesco Maria Grimaldi coined the word \"diffraction\" and was the first to record accurate observations of the phenomenon in 1660."
}
] |
Haah9UYMUISB54P51O5R
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Examples",
"text": "The effects of diffraction are often seen in everyday life."
},
{
"section_header": "Bragg diffraction",
"text": "It is similar to what occurs when waves are scattered from a diffraction grating."
},
{
"section_header": "Examples",
"text": "Diffraction can occur with any kind of wave."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Italian scientist Francesco Maria Grimaldi coined the word \"diffraction\" and was the first to record accurate observations of the phenomenon in 1660."
},
{
"section_header": "Examples | Single-slit diffraction",
"text": "\\theta _{\\text{min}}} is the angle of incidence at which the minimum intensity occurs, and"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Diffraction refers to various phenomena that occur when a wave encounters an obstacle or a slit."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The effects of diffraction of light were first carefully observed and characterized by Francesco Maria Grimaldi, who also coined the term diffraction, from the Latin diffringere, 'to break into pieces', referring to light breaking up into different directions."
},
{
"section_header": "Coherence",
"text": "In order for interference to occur, the path length difference must be smaller than the coherence length."
},
{
"section_header": "Examples | Single-slit diffraction",
"text": " ( θ ) ( θ ) 2 {\\displaystyle {\\frac {d\\sin(\\theta ) }{2}}} so that the minimum intensity occurs at an angle θmin given by d sin"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "These effects also occur when a light wave travels through a medium with a varying refractive index, or when a sound wave travels through a medium with varying acoustic impedance – all waves diffract, including gravitational waves, water waves, and other electromagnetic waves such as X-rays and radio waves."
}
] |
Diffraction occurs everyday and was named by Linda Grimaldi.
| 0 | 0 |
Diffraction
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The expedition reached the Philippine islands, where Magellan was killed during the Battle of Mactan."
}
] |
Hao3qPh7ZYa4cujsrr4D
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Since his wife and child died in Seville before any member of the expedition could return to Spain, it seemed that every evidence of Ferdinand Magellan's existence had vanished from the earth."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ferdinand Magellan ( or ; Portuguese: Fernão de Magalhães,"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The expedition reached the Philippine islands, where Magellan was killed during the Battle of Mactan."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and travels",
"text": "He participated in several battles, including the battle of Cannanore in 1506, where he was wounded."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and travels",
"text": "His wife died in Seville around 1521."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "By visiting this area again but now travelling west, Magellan achieved a nearly complete personal circumnavigation of the globe for the first time in history."
},
{
"section_header": "Voyage of circumnavigation | Voyage",
"text": "Based on the incomplete understanding of world geography at the time, Magellan expected a short journey to Asia, perhaps taking as little as three or four days."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and travels",
"text": "In 1509 he fought in the battle of Diu."
},
{
"section_header": "Voyage of circumnavigation | Voyage",
"text": "On 27 April, Magellan and members of his crew attempted to subdue the Mactan natives by force, but in the ensuing battle, the Europeans were overpowered and Magellan was killed."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "During the resulting battle against Lapulapu's troops, Magellan was struck by a bamboo spear, and later surrounded and finished off with other weapons."
}
] |
Ferdinand Magellan died at the time of a battle.
| 0 | 0 |
Ferdinand Magellan
|
Music
| 9 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Elton John was born Reginald Kenneth Dwight on 25 March 1947 in Pinner, Middlesex, the eldest child of Stanley Dwight (1925–1991) and only child of Sheila Eileen (née Harris; 1925–2017), and was raised in a council house in Pinner by his maternal grandparents."
}
] |
HaqrzF1JQQZcGXN8bJro
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Elton John Band",
"text": "Since 1970, John's band, of which he is the pianist and lead singer, has been known as the Elton John Band."
},
{
"section_header": "Elton John Band",
"text": "Cooper has worked on and off with the Elton John Band, because he maintains obligations to other musicians as a session player and sideman as a road-tour percussionist."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Pub pianist to staff songwriter (1962–1969)",
"text": "Six months later, John began going by the name Elton John in homage to two members of Bluesology: saxophonist Elton Dean and vocalist Long John Baldry."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | \"Sacrifice\" to Aida (1990–1999)",
"text": "John released a live compilation album, Elton John One Night"
},
{
"section_header": "Filmography",
"text": "Elton John: Me, Myself & I (2007) autobiography as himself"
},
{
"section_header": "Elton John Band",
"text": "The band has had multiple line-up changes, but Nigel Olsson, Davey Johnstone, and Ray Cooper have been members (albeit not continuously) since 1969, 1971 and 1974 respectively."
},
{
"section_header": "Elton John Band",
"text": "Olsson left the band in 1984 but rejoined in 2000."
},
{
"section_header": "Elton John Band",
"text": "Current members Previous band members"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Debut album to Goodbye Yellow Brick Road (1969–1973)",
"text": "In 1972, Davey Johnstone joined the Elton John Band on guitar and backing vocals."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Football",
"text": "Elton John became the chairman and director of Watford F.C. in 1976, after supporting the team since his youth."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Elton John was born Reginald Kenneth Dwight on 25 March 1947 in Pinner, Middlesex, the eldest child of Stanley Dwight (1925–1991) and only child of Sheila Eileen (née Harris; 1925–2017), and was raised in a council house in Pinner by his maternal grandparents."
}
] |
Elton John is a native of Manchester.
| 3 | 9 |
Elton John
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "In 1962, she was given steroids, which activated a dormant case of tuberculosis in her bone marrow, and she died of resulting cardiac failure at her Manhattan home at 55 East 74th Street on the Upper East Side on November 7, 1962, at the age of 78."
}
] |
HavLqeZjqzmRI4lXeeiU
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Cultural references",
"text": "In 1977 they released a sequel entitled Eleanor and Franklin: The White House Years, with the same stars."
},
{
"section_header": "Published books",
"text": "Eleanor Roosevelt's Christmas Book."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural references",
"text": "1996, the children's book Eleanor by Barbara Cooney, about Eleanor Roosevelt's childhood, was published."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Marriage and family life",
"text": "Mother R.: Eleanor Roosevelt's Untold Story, also with Brough, was published in 1977."
},
{
"section_header": "First Lady of the United States (1933–1945) | World War II",
"text": "Also in 1941, the short film Women in Defense, written by Roosevelt, was released."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural references",
"text": "In 2014, the American documentary series The Roosevelts: An Intimate History was released."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Marriage and family life",
"text": "Early on, Roosevelt had a breakdown in which she explained to Franklin that \"I did not like to live in a house which was not in any way mine, one that I had done nothing about and which did not represent the way I wanted to live\", but little changed."
},
{
"section_header": "Published books",
"text": "New York: New York: Da Capo, 1961. Eleanor Roosevelt's Book of Common Sense Etiquette."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural references",
"text": "In 1976, Talent Associates released the American television miniseries Eleanor and Franklin, starring Edward Herrmann as Franklin Roosevelt and Jane Alexander as Eleanor Roosevelt; it was broadcast on ABC on January 11 and 12, 1976 and was based on Joseph P. Lash's biography from 1971 with the same title (and longer additional sub-title) based on their correspondence and recently opened archives."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "In 1962, she was given steroids, which activated a dormant case of tuberculosis in her bone marrow, and she died of resulting cardiac failure at her Manhattan home at 55 East 74th Street on the Upper East Side on November 7, 1962, at the age of 78."
}
] |
Eleanor Roosevelt's dying had nothing to do with 'roids releasing the consumption from inside her bones.
| 1 | 3 |
Eleanor Roosevelt
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Mysterious Affair at Styles is a detective novel by British writer Agatha Christie."
}
] |
Hb9twR48Xu6YusTin2ZC
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and reception | Impact on Christie's career",
"text": "The Mysterious Affair at Styles launched Christie's writing career."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and reception",
"text": "In general The Mysterious Affair at Styles is a considerable achievement for a first-off author."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Mysterious Affair at Styles is a detective novel by British writer Agatha Christie."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "The Mysterious Affair at Styles later made publishing history by being one of the first ten books to be published by Penguin Books when they were launched on 30 July 1935."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition and original publication",
"text": "The Mysterious Affair at Styles was published by John Lane in the United States in October 1920 and by The Bodley Head in the United Kingdom on 21 January 1921."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Television",
"text": "The Mysterious Affair at Styles was adapted as an episode for the series Agatha Christie's Poirot on 16 September 1990; the episode was specially made by ITV to celebrate the centenary of the author's birth."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and reception",
"text": "And you may safely make a wager with yourself that until you have heard M. Poirot's final word on the mysterious affair at Styles, you will be kept guessing at its solution and will most certainly never lay down this most entertaining book."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and reception",
"text": "In the \"Binge!\" article of Entertainment Weekly Issue #1343-44 (26 December 2014–3 January 2015), the writers picked The Mysterious Affair at Styles as an \"EW favorite\" on the list of the \"Nine Great Christie Novels\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition and original publication",
"text": "Christie had not mastered cleverness in her first novel, as \"too many clues tend to cancel each other out\"; this was judged a difficulty \"which Conan Doyle never satisfactorily overcame, but which Christie would.\" Agatha Christie began working on The Mysterious Affair at Styles in 1916, writing most of it on Dartmoor."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and reception",
"text": "The victim is the wealthy mistress of Styles Court, found in her locked bedroom with the name of her late husband on her dying lips."
}
] |
The Mysterious Affair at Styles is a movie about the affair of a married couple who is visiting a city called Styles and one of the character's lover is found dead.
| 3 | 5 |
The Mysterious Affair at Styles
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The liver is an organ only found in vertebrates which detoxifies various metabolites, synthesizes proteins and produces biochemicals necessary for digestion and growth."
}
] |
HcBpFdskz46J4rN7TTma
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Other animals",
"text": "The internal structure of the liver is broadly similar in all vertebrates."
},
{
"section_header": "Other animals",
"text": "The liver is found in all vertebrates and is typically the largest visceral (internal) organ."
},
{
"section_header": "Other animals",
"text": "Although it performs many functions of a liver, it is not considered a true liver but a homolog of the vertebrate liver."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The liver is an organ only found in vertebrates which detoxifies various metabolites, synthesizes proteins and produces biochemicals necessary for digestion and growth."
},
{
"section_header": "Clinical significance | Liver transplantation",
"text": "Liver transplantation is the only option for those with irreversible liver failure."
},
{
"section_header": "Clinical significance | Liver regeneration",
"text": "The liver is the only human internal organ capable of natural regeneration of lost tissue; as little as 25% of a liver can regenerate into a whole liver."
},
{
"section_header": "Clinical significance | Liver transplantation",
"text": "Living donor liver transplantation is a technique in which a portion of a living person's liver is removed (hepatectomy) and used to replace the entire liver of the recipient."
},
{
"section_header": "Clinical significance | Liver transplantation",
"text": "Less commonly, liver transplantation is done for fulminant hepatic failure, in which liver failure occurs over days to weeks."
},
{
"section_header": "Clinical significance | Liver transplantation",
"text": "Due to the ability of the liver to regenerate, both the donor and recipient end up with normal liver function if all goes well."
},
{
"section_header": "Clinical significance | Liver transplantation",
"text": "Only 20 percent of an adult's liver (Couinaud segments 2 and 3) is needed to serve as a liver allograft for an infant or small child."
}
] |
The liver is only in vertebrates.
| 0 | 0 |
Liver
|
NOCAT
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Teachings | LGBT issues",
"text": "At the time, his then-spokesperson said \"We believe that we must propose more comprehensive civil union rights than currently exist, but no gay marriage.\" His support for civil unions in 2010 was later widely reported."
}
] |
HcH6zEgTKFGmIiFmjrTQ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Teachings | Abortion",
"text": "Pope Francis has referred to the \"obsession\" of some Catholics with a few issues like \"abortion, gay marriage and the use of contraceptive methods\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Papacy (2013–present)",
"text": "Francis is the first Jesuit pope."
},
{
"section_header": "Papacy (2013–present) | Consultation with Catholic laity",
"text": "In a column he wrote for the Vatican's semi-official newspaper L'Osservatore Romano, the then-Prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura, American cardinal Raymond Leo Burke, who has a long-standing reputation as one of the church's most vocal conservative hard-liners, said that Pope Francis opposed both abortion and gay marriage."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Francis is the first Jesuit pope, the first from the Americas, the first from the Southern Hemisphere, and the first pope from outside Europe since the Syrian Gregory III, who reigned in the 8th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Teachings | Abortion",
"text": "During a Baptism of the Lord Mass in the Sistine Chapel, Pope Francis baptised the baby of a couple in a civil marriage."
},
{
"section_header": "Teachings | LGBT issues",
"text": "At the time, his then-spokesperson said \"We believe that we must propose more comprehensive civil union rights than currently exist, but no gay marriage.\" His support for civil unions in 2010 was later widely reported."
},
{
"section_header": "Papacy (2013–present) | Name",
"text": "He changed history. \"This is the first time that a pope has been named Francis."
},
{
"section_header": "Public image",
"text": "On 19 March 2016, Pope Francis became the first Pope to create an Instagram account."
},
{
"section_header": "Teachings | LGBT issues",
"text": "We have been called to form consciences, not to replace them.\" And he asserts that: \"Individual conscience needs to be better incorporated into the Church’s praxis.\" Pope Francis opposes same-sex marriage."
},
{
"section_header": "Papacy (2013–present)",
"text": "He is the first pope since Pope Pius X to live outside the papal apartments."
}
] |
Pope Francis was the first pope to allow gay marriage.
| 0 | 0 |
Pope Francis
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Considered to be the world's foremost expert on chimpanzees, Goodall is best known for her 60-year study of social and family interactions of wild chimpanzees since she first went to Gombe Stream National Park in Tanzania in 1960.She"
}
] |
HcydRr3CFxy3SerssbOv
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Work | Jane Goodall Institute",
"text": "Owing to an overflow of handwritten notes, photographs, and data piling up at Jane's home in Dar es Salaam in the mid-1990s, the Jane Goodall Institute's Center for Primate Studies was created at the University of Minnesota to house and organise this data."
},
{
"section_header": "Work | Activism",
"text": "In 2000, to ensure the safe and ethical treatment of animals during ethological studies, Goodall, alongside Professor Mark Bekoff, founded the organization Ethologists for the Ethical Treatment of Animals."
},
{
"section_header": "Work | Research at Gombe Stream National Park",
"text": "Goodall also set herself apart from the traditional conventions of the time by naming the animals in her studies of primates instead of assigning each a number."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "is the founder of the Jane Goodall Institute and the Roots & Shoots programme, and she has worked extensively on conservation and animal welfare issues."
},
{
"section_header": "Work | Jane Goodall Institute",
"text": "Currently all of the original Jane Goodall archives reside there and have been digitised, analysed, and placed in an online database."
},
{
"section_header": "Work | Jane Goodall Institute",
"text": "In 1977, Goodall established the Jane Goodall Institute (JGI), which supports the Gombe research, and she is a global leader in the effort to protect chimpanzees and their habitats."
},
{
"section_header": "Work | Activism",
"text": "In 2011, Goodall became a patron of Australian animal protection group Voiceless, the animal protection institute."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Although Goodall has done animal research on chimpanzees exclusively for over 60 years, she has stated that dogs are her favourite animal."
},
{
"section_header": "Work | Activism",
"text": "\" This was in conflict with Advocates for Animals' position on captive animals."
},
{
"section_header": "Work | Research at Gombe Stream National Park",
"text": "Goodall is best known for her study of chimpanzee social and family life."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Considered to be the world's foremost expert on chimpanzees, Goodall is best known for her 60-year study of social and family interactions of wild chimpanzees since she first went to Gombe Stream National Park in Tanzania in 1960.She"
}
] |
Jane Goodall studied animals.
| 0 | 0 |
Jane Goodall
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "Nicknamed \"Big D\" by fans, Drysdale used brushback pitches and a sidearm fastball to intimidate batters, similar to his fierce fellow Hall of Famer Bob Gibson."
}
] |
HdLWHEl2dUaQsWZr2YvY
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Broadcasting career | 1988",
"text": "also called Kirk Gibson's walk-off home run in Game 1 of the 1988 World Series for the Dodgers Radio Network: Gibson a deep sigh, re-gripping the bat"
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Drysdale and Meyers had three children together: Don Junior (\"DJ\") (son), Darren (son), and Drew (daughter)."
},
{
"section_header": "Broadcasting career",
"text": "Drysdale on the call: Deep right field, way back."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "In 14 seasons he had 218 hits in 1,169 at-bats for a .186 batting average, including 96 runs, 26 doubles, 7 triples, 29 home runs, 113 RBI and 60 bases on balls."
},
{
"section_header": "Broadcasting career | 1987",
"text": "Drysdale hosted a nationally syndicated radio show called Radio Baseball Cards."
},
{
"section_header": "Broadcasting career",
"text": "On October 11, 1980, Keith Jackson called an Oklahoma–Texas college football game for ABC in the afternoon, then flew to Houston to call Game 4 of the NLCS between the Houston Astros and Philadelphia Phillies."
},
{
"section_header": "Broadcasting career",
"text": "In 1984, Drysdale called play-by-play (alongside Reggie Jackson and Earl Weaver) for the National League Championship Series between the San Diego Padres and Chicago Cubs."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "\" While this was going on, word reached Drysdale's former White Sox colleague Ken Harrelson as he was calling that evening's game against the Baltimore Orioles; an emotional Harrelson had trouble relaying the news to the viewing audience."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "Drysdale was a good hitting pitcher."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": ", Drysdale was inducted into the Hall of Fame in 1984."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "Nicknamed \"Big D\" by fans, Drysdale used brushback pitches and a sidearm fastball to intimidate batters, similar to his fierce fellow Hall of Famer Bob Gibson."
}
] |
Don Drysdale was called "Big D" because of his hard swinging batting prowess.
| 0 | 0 |
Don Drysdale
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Otto I (23 November 912 – 7 May 973), traditionally known as Otto the Great (German: Otto der Große, Italian: Ottone il Grande), was German king from 936 and Holy Roman Emperor from 962 until his death in 973."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign as emperor | Second Italian Expedition and imperial coronation",
"text": "With Otto's coronation as emperor, the Kingdom of Germany and the Kingdom of Italy were unified into a common realm, later called the Holy Roman Empire."
}
] |
Hdq3bTc2d3XX9vLx7Icv
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "pub. pub. 1877]. A Popular History of Germany: From the Earliest Period to the Present Day, Volume II."
},
{
"section_header": "Liudolf's Civil War | End of the rebellion",
"text": "There, he presented the invaders with gifts of gold and silver."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign as emperor | Papal politics",
"text": "Otto released most of his army to return to Germany by the end of 963, confident his rule in Italy and within Rome was secure."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign as king | Foreign relations | France",
"text": "The assembly was attended by more than 30 bishops, including all the archbishops of Germany - a demonstration of Otto's strong position in East and West Francia alike."
},
{
"section_header": "Liudolf's Civil War | Rebellion against Otto",
"text": "After two months of siege, the city had not fallen and rebellions against Otto's rule grew stronger in southern Germany."
},
{
"section_header": "Liudolf's Civil War | Rebellion against Otto",
"text": "On Christmas Day 951, he held a grand feast at Saalfeld that was attended by many important figures from across the kingdom, most notably Archbishop Frederick of Mainz, the Primate of Germany."
},
{
"section_header": "Family and children",
"text": "The Ottonians would rule Germany (later the Holy Roman Empire) for over a century from 919 until 1024."
},
{
"section_header": "Hungarian invasions",
"text": "The deaths of Henry, Liudolf, and Conrad took from Otto the three most prominent members of his royal family, including his heir apparent."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign as king | Consolidation of power",
"text": "Loyalty to Otto, not lineage, was the pathway towards advancement under his rule."
},
{
"section_header": "Relations with the Catholic Church",
"text": "Otto endowed the bishoprics and abbeys of his kingdom with numerous gifts, including land and royal prerogatives, such as the power to levy taxes and to maintain an army."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Otto I (23 November 912 – 7 May 973), traditionally known as Otto the Great (German: Otto der Große, Italian: Ottone il Grande), was German king from 936 and Holy Roman Emperor from 962 until his death in 973."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign as emperor | Second Italian Expedition and imperial coronation",
"text": "With Otto's coronation as emperor, the Kingdom of Germany and the Kingdom of Italy were unified into a common realm, later called the Holy Roman Empire."
}
] |
Otto I rule included present day Germany.
| 0 | 0 |
Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor
|
NOCAT
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Shōgun (1603–1605)",
"text": "As shōgun, he used his remaining years to create and solidify the Tokugawa shogunate, which ushered in the Edo period, and was the third shogunal government (after the Kamakura (Minamoto) and the Ashikaga)."
},
{
"section_header": "Ōgosho (1605–1616) | Conflict with Hideyori",
"text": "With the Toyotomi line finally extinguished, no threats remained to the Tokugawa clan's domination of Japan."
}
] |
HdrMcr1S3912osdJBHR2
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Ieyasu in popular culture | Impostor theory",
"text": "According to Hayashi Razan, the last line was meant quite literally."
},
{
"section_header": "Shōgun (1603–1605)",
"text": "As shōgun, he used his remaining years to create and solidify the Tokugawa shogunate, which ushered in the Edo period, and was the third shogunal government (after the Kamakura (Minamoto) and the Ashikaga)."
},
{
"section_header": "Ieyasu in popular culture | Impostor theory",
"text": "Tokugawa Ieyasu's Kagemusha Legend (德川家康の影武者說) is a myth that has been circulating since the Edo period."
},
{
"section_header": "Ōgosho (1605–1616) | Conflict with Hideyori",
"text": "With the Toyotomi line finally extinguished, no threats remained to the Tokugawa clan's domination of Japan."
},
{
"section_header": "Shōgun (1603–1605)",
"text": "The Tokugawa shogunate would rule Japan for the next 260 years."
},
{
"section_header": "Ieyasu and Hideyoshi (1584–1598)",
"text": "In 1590, Hideyoshi attacked the last independent daimyō in Japan, Hōjō Ujimasa."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He implemented a set of careful rules known as the bakuhan system, designed to keep the daimyos and samurai in check under the Tokugawa Shogunate."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Tokugawa Ieyasu (德川家康, January 31, 1543 – June 1, 1616) was the founder and first shōgun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan, which ruled Japan from the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 until the Meiji Restoration in 1868."
},
{
"section_header": "Rise to Power (1560-1570)",
"text": "During this period, the Matsudaira clan also faced a threat from a different source."
},
{
"section_header": "Service under Imagawa (1556–1560)",
"text": "As anticipated, the Oda forces attacked his rear lines, but Motoyasu was prepared and drove off the Oda army."
}
] |
Tokugawa Ieyasu was the last shogun of his family's line and was taken off the throne at the beginning of the Muramachi period.
| 1 | 3 |
Tokugawa Ieyasu
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "An American in Paris is a jazz-influenced orchestral piece by American composer George Gershwin first performed in 1928."
}
] |
He8lfLcWnzgQisOLsHRP
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Composition",
"text": "Gershwin explained in Musical America, \"My purpose here is to portray the impressions of an American visitor in Paris as he strolls about the city, listens to the various street noises, and absorbs the French atmosphere."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was inspired by the time that Gershwin had spent in Paris and evokes the sights and energy of the French capital in the 1920s."
},
{
"section_header": "Recordings",
"text": "An American in Paris has been frequently recorded."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition",
"text": "The style of this A section is written in the typical French style of composers Claude Debussy and Les Six."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "An American in Paris is a jazz-influenced orchestral piece by American composer George Gershwin first performed in 1928."
},
{
"section_header": "Response",
"text": "Gershwin did not particularly like Walter Damrosch's interpretation at the world premiere of An American in Paris."
},
{
"section_header": "Response",
"text": "\" Critics believed that An American in Paris was better crafted than his Concerto in F."
},
{
"section_header": "Preservation status",
"text": "The score to An American in Paris was scheduled to be issued first in a series of scores to be released."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition",
"text": "Gershwin based An American in Paris on a melodic fragment called \"Very Parisienne\", written in 1926 on his first visit to Paris as a gift to his hosts, Robert and Mabel Schirmer."
},
{
"section_header": "Preservation status",
"text": "The entire project was expected take 30 to 40 years to complete, but An American in Paris was planned to be an early volume in the series."
}
] |
An American in Paris is a novel about a woman stranded who doesn't speak French.
| 0 | 0 |
An American in Paris
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Supporters",
"text": "The City fans' song of choice is a rendition of \"Blue Moon\", which despite its melancholic theme is belted out with gusto as though it were a heroic anthem."
}
] |
HebB8dQ4Q4dKtm6L8lwG
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Supporters",
"text": "A common stereotype is that City fans come from Manchester proper, while United fans come from elsewhere."
},
{
"section_header": "Supporters",
"text": "Events that fans regard as \"typical City\" include City's being the only reigning English champions ever to be relegated (in 1938), the only team to score and concede over 100 goals in the same season (1957–58), or the more recent example that City were the only team to beat Chelsea in the 2004–05 Premier League, yet in the same season City were knocked out of the FA Cup by Oldham Athletic, a team two divisions lower."
},
{
"section_header": "Supporters",
"text": "Manchester City's biggest rivalry is with neighbours Manchester United, against whom they contest the Manchester derby."
},
{
"section_header": "Club badge and colours",
"text": "Manchester City's home colours are sky blue and white."
},
{
"section_header": "Supporters",
"text": "Before the Second World War, when travel to away games was rare, many Mancunian football fans regularly watched both teams even if considering themselves \"supporters\" of only one."
},
{
"section_header": "Supporters",
"text": "Since moving to the City of Manchester Stadium, Manchester City's average attendances have been in the top six in England, usually in excess of 40,000."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "However, this was only a temporary respite, and following Reid's departure Manchester City's fortunes continued to fade."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Manchester City's revenue was the fifth highest of a football club in the world in the 2018–19 season at €568.4 million."
},
{
"section_header": "Honours",
"text": "In 2018–19 Manchester City became the first team to claim all of the major English trophies available in a single season, winning not just the Premier League, FA Cup and League Cup but also the Community Shield.1970 Cup Winners' Cup victory remains City's only European trophy to date."
},
{
"section_header": "Honours",
"text": "Based on trophy count, Manchester City are one of the most successful teams in England -"
},
{
"section_header": "Supporters",
"text": "The City fans' song of choice is a rendition of \"Blue Moon\", which despite its melancholic theme is belted out with gusto as though it were a heroic anthem."
}
] |
Manchester City's fans favorite thing to sing to honor their team is "Paradise City."
| 0 | 0 |
Manchester City F.C.
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "On December 13, 2013, it was announced on her official TeamAyu site that Hamasaki had become engaged to an American medical student 10 years her junior, whom she had been with since the spring of that year, adding: \"As my partner is an ordinary student, I would be very happy if you could watch over us quietly."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "The pair had known each other since co-starring a TV drama in 1997, and began a romantic relationship in 2000.On January 1, 2011, Hamasaki announced her engagement to Austrian actor and model Manuel Schwarz, whom Hamasaki met in August 2010 on the set of her music video for \"Virgin Road\"."
}
] |
HevyUnDfXs11eUElLmiD
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life and music career | 2000–2002: Duty, compilation releases, I Am... and Rainbow",
"text": "2002 A and Ayumi Hamasaki Stadium Tour 2002 A."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ayumi Hamasaki (浜崎あゆみ, Hamasaki Ayumi, born October 2, 1978) is a Japanese singer, songwriter, record producer, actress, model, spokesperson and entrepreneur."
},
{
"section_header": "Image and artistry",
"text": "The Guardian says that Hamasaki has \"married accessible, mainstream hits with over-the-top costumes and high-concept"
},
{
"section_header": "Life and music career | 2000–2002: Duty, compilation releases, I Am... and Rainbow",
"text": "In support of I Am..., Hamasaki held two tours, Ayumi Hamasaki Arena Tour"
},
{
"section_header": "Life and music career | 1998–1999: Musical beginnings, A Song for xx and Loveppears",
"text": "In support of Loveppears, she held her first tour, Ayumi Hamasaki Concert Tour 2000 A."
},
{
"section_header": "Other activities | Ayupan",
"text": "For her 2007 tour Tour of Secret, Hamasaki collaborated with Sanrio to create a line of merchandise, \"Ayumi Hamasaki x"
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "On January 2, her office announced that she and Schwarz had married in the United States the day before."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and music career | 1998–1999: Musical beginnings, A Song for xx and Loveppears",
"text": "A Film for XX is the first video clip collection by Ayumi Hamasaki, it was released on September 15, 1999."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and music career | 1978–1997: Childhood and early endeavors",
"text": "Under the name of \"Ayumi\", Hamasaki released a rap EP, Nothing from Nothing, on the Nippon Columbia label in 1995."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "\"On March 3, 2014, the singer announced on her fan club site \"Team Ayu\" that she was officially married."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "On December 13, 2013, it was announced on her official TeamAyu site that Hamasaki had become engaged to an American medical student 10 years her junior, whom she had been with since the spring of that year, adding: \"As my partner is an ordinary student, I would be very happy if you could watch over us quietly."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "The pair had known each other since co-starring a TV drama in 1997, and began a romantic relationship in 2000.On January 1, 2011, Hamasaki announced her engagement to Austrian actor and model Manuel Schwarz, whom Hamasaki met in August 2010 on the set of her music video for \"Virgin Road\"."
}
] |
Ayumi Hamasaki married an Englishman.
| 0 | 0 |
Ayumi Hamasaki
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "O'Higgins spent his early years with his mother's family in central-southern Chile and was never openly acknowledged by his father, and later he lived with the Albano family, who were his father's commercial partners, in Talca."
}
] |
Hf1oZFXhFphXBNE70xbZ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The main thoroughfare of the Chilean capital, Santiago, is Avenida Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The Chilean Base General Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme research station in Antarctica is named in his honor."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "There is also the Bernardo O'Higgins National Park."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme (Spanish pronunciation: [beɾˈnaɾðo oˈ(x)iɣins] (listen); 1778–1842) was a Chilean independence leader who freed Chile from Spanish rule in the Chilean War of Independence."
},
{
"section_header": "Peruvian independence and O'Higgins' final years",
"text": "From now on General O'Higgins does not exist; I am only Bernardo O'Higgins, a private citizen."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "A statue of Bernardo O'Higgins in the city of Concepción was destroyed during the 2010 earthquake in Chile."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The SS Bernardo O'Higgins was laid down on September 23, 1943 and launched on October 13, 1943 (the ship was scrapped in 1959)."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Bernardo O'Higgins, a member of the O'Higgins family, was born in the Chilean city of Chillán in 1778, the illegitimate son of Ambrosio O'Higgins, 1st Marquis of Osorno, a Spanish officer born in County Sligo, Ireland, who became governor of Chile and later viceroy of Peru."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "One of the administrative regions of Chile was named Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Region in his honour, as were other placenames such as the village of Villa O'Higgins."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The stamps honor two men with Irish backgrounds, who played a crucial role in the quest for Chile's liberation, Bernardo O'Higgins and John MacKenna."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "O'Higgins spent his early years with his mother's family in central-southern Chile and was never openly acknowledged by his father, and later he lived with the Albano family, who were his father's commercial partners, in Talca."
}
] |
Bernardo O'Higgins was raised by his parents in Chilean.
| 0 | 0 |
Bernardo O'Higgins
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was the father of many children by his second wife, six of whom survived."
}
] |
HgRxLLgMGEamX1hl7IAj
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "John Peter Zenger (October 26, 1697 – July 28, 1746) was a German printer and journalist in New York City."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "On 28 May 1719, Zenger married Mary White in the First Presbyterian Church, Philadelphia."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "On 24 August 1722, widower Zenger married Anna Catharina Maul in the Collegiate Church, Manhattan."
},
{
"section_header": "Primary sources",
"text": "The tryal of John Peter Zenger, of New-York, printer, who was lately try'd and acquitted for printing and publishing a libel against the government: with the pleadings and arguments on both sides London : Printed for J. Wilford 1738"
},
{
"section_header": "Primary sources",
"text": "pp: 223-245. pp: 223-245. online John Peter Zenger; his press, his trial, and a bibliography of Zenger imprints ... also a reprint of the first edition of the trial by Livingston Rutherfurd New York : Dodd, Mead & company 1904"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Peter Zenger was born in 1697, a son of Nicolaus Eberhard Zenger and his wife Johanna."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "The Zenger family immigrated to New York in 1710 as part of a large group of German Palatines, and Nicolaus Zenger was one of those who died before settlement.:1123 The governor of New York had agreed to provide apprenticeships for all the children of immigrants from the Palatinate, and John Peter was bound for eight years as an apprentice to William Bradford, the first printer in New York."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and honors",
"text": "During World War II the Liberty ship SS Peter Zenger was named in his honor."
},
{
"section_header": "Libel case | \"Cato\" article",
"text": "In an issue dated February 25, 1733 is an opinion piece written under the pseudonym \"Cato.\" This was a pen-name used by British writers John Trenchard and Thomas Gordon, whose essays were published as Cato's Letters (1723)."
},
{
"section_header": "Libel case",
"text": "\"Zenger was charged with libel."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was the father of many children by his second wife, six of whom survived."
}
] |
John Peter Zenger was married once.
| 0 | 3 |
John Peter Zenger
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships",
"text": "\"Kunis began dating her former That '70s"
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships",
"text": "They became engaged in February 2014, and married during the first weekend of July 2015 in Oak Glen, California."
}
] |
HgTHmVlPffUmxgb3ov6k
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships",
"text": "During their relationship, there were rumors of the couple getting married, but Kunis denied them."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1994–2000: Career beginnings and television work",
"text": "Once she claimed that she had it under control, MacFarlane hired her."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1994–2000: Career beginnings and television work",
"text": "Though they eventually figured it out, the producers still thought Kunis was the best fit for the role."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships",
"text": "They became engaged in February 2014, and married during the first weekend of July 2015 in Oak Glen, California."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Kunis has an elder brother, Michael."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2001–2008: Transition to film",
"text": "In 2004, Kunis starred in the film adaptation"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2009–2012: Film breakthrough and acclaim",
"text": "Kunis played the girlfriend of Wahlberg's character."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships",
"text": "\"Kunis began dating her former That '70s"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2013–present: continued work",
"text": "Kunis joined the cast on a couple of new projects."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Kunis is a supporter of the Democratic Party and Barack Obama."
}
] |
Kunis eventually married her once costar.
| 0 | 0 |
Mila Kunis
|
Technology
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Business model | Service options | Offered",
"text": "During the COVID-19 pandemic, in March 2020, Uber announced that they are temporarily suspending shared POOL rides, in order to stop the spread of the virus as much as possible."
}
] |
HgncWksHxRAoS1T0fDHT
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Criticism | Driver status and earnings",
"text": "A report published by the Economic Policy Institute in 2018 found the average wage for drivers to be $9.21."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Self-driving car research",
"text": "In October 2017, Uber started using only one test driver, despite some employees' safety concerns."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism | Aggressive strategy for dealing with regulators",
"text": "In December 2019, Uber and Postmates sued California over labour law, alleging that legislation set to take effect in the US state, meant to improve worker conditions, unfairly targeted them, and should be considered unconstitutional."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism | Driver status and earnings",
"text": "A 2017 report claimed that only 4 percent of all drivers were still working as such one year after entering the company."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism | Alleged cancellation of ride requests to disrupt competitors | Operation SLOG plan to disrupt Lyft",
"text": "The report identified one Lyft passenger who canceled 300 rides from May 26 to June 10, 2014, and who was identified as an Uber recruiter by seven different Lyft drivers."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism | Alleged cancellation of ride requests to disrupt competitors | Operation SLOG plan to disrupt Lyft",
"text": "Recruits were given two Uber-branded iPhones (one a backup in case the person was identified by Lyft) and a series of valid credit card numbers to create dummy Lyft accounts."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism | Use of offshore companies to minimize tax liability",
"text": "In November 2017, the Paradise Papers, a set of confidential electronic documents relating to offshore investment, revealed that Uber is one of many corporations that used an offshore company to minimize taxes."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism | Safety concerns | Inadequate background checks and vetting of drivers",
"text": "Sexual assaults in relation to Uber are most often committed by either Uber drivers themselves or by individuals posing as Uber drivers."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In August 2014, Uber launched a food delivery service called Uber Eats."
},
{
"section_header": "Business model | Stakeholders | Drivers",
"text": "Uber drivers use their own cars although drivers can rent or lease a car to drive with Uber."
},
{
"section_header": "Business model | Service options | Offered",
"text": "During the COVID-19 pandemic, in March 2020, Uber announced that they are temporarily suspending shared POOL rides, in order to stop the spread of the virus as much as possible."
}
] |
The outbreak of the novel coronavirus had no effect on Uber policies.
| 3 | 6 |
Uber
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Just before administering a fatal injection of adrenaline, he finally tells Maggie the meaning of a nickname he gave her, Mo Chuisle (misspelled in the film as \"mo cuishle\"): Irish for \"my darling, and my blood\" (literally, \"my pulse\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Some commentators criticized the fact that the phrase mo chuisle, a term of endearment meaning literally \"my pulse\", and generally \"my darling\", was misspelled in the film as Mo Cuishle, as shown on the back of Maggie's robe."
}
] |
HhNiyA8ePOXXyunSt0eC
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Frankie begrudgingly accepts a fight for her against a top-ranked opponent in the UK, where he bestows a Gaelic nickname on her."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Just before administering a fatal injection of adrenaline, he finally tells Maggie the meaning of a nickname he gave her, Mo Chuisle (misspelled in the film as \"mo cuishle\"): Irish for \"my darling, and my blood\" (literally, \"my pulse\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "Hilary Swank as Mary Margaret \"Maggie\" Fitzgerald, a determined, aspiring boxer trained up by Frankie Dunn."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Scrap, concerned when Frankie rejects several offers for big fights, arranges a meeting for her with Mickey Mack at a diner on her 33rd birthday."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Before her first fight, Frankie leaves Maggie with a random manager in his gym, much to her dismay; upon being told by Scrap that said manager deliberately put her up against his best girl (coaching the novice to lose) to give her an easy win, Frankie rejoins Maggie in the middle of the bout and coaches her instead to an unforeseen victory."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Frankie is finally willing to arrange a title fight."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "Mike Colter as \"Big\" Willie Little, a boxer whom Dunn has trained for years."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Margaret \"Maggie\" Fitzgerald (Hilary Swank), a waitress from a Missouri town in the Ozarks, shows up in the Hit Pit, a run-down Los Angeles gym owned and operated by Frankie Dunn (Clint Eastwood), an old Irish-American, cantankerous boxing trainer."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Some commentators criticized the fact that the phrase mo chuisle, a term of endearment meaning literally \"my pulse\", and generally \"my darling\", was misspelled in the film as Mo Cuishle, as shown on the back of Maggie's robe."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Frankie's prize prospect, \"Big Willie\" Little, signs with successful manager Mickey Mack after becoming impatient with Frankie rejecting offers for a championship bout."
}
] |
Margaret "Maggie" Fitzgerald won multiple fights by TKO and was given the Gaelic nickname mo cuishle before a big fight by her manage Frankie Dunn.
| 1 | 3 |
Million Dollar Baby
|
Popular Culture
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Hepburn was born on May 12, 1907, in Hartford, Connecticut, the second of six children."
}
] |
Hhod0mTQ6WM5NGFVAPxD
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | Spinsters and Shakespeare (1953–1962)",
"text": "The movie was shot in London, and was \"a completely miserable experience\" for Hepburn."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Film, television, and theatre (1971–1983)",
"text": "Her next project was the television movie Love Among the Ruins (1975), a London-based Edwardian drama with her friend Laurence Olivier."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Professional expansion (1950–1952)",
"text": "\" Hepburn was under pressure to perform several sports to a high standard, many of which did not end up in the film."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Slowing in the 1940s (1942–1949)",
"text": "Tracy had long been signed to play the male lead, and so Hepburn was already familiar with the script and stepped up for the fifth Tracy–Hepburn picture."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Career setbacks (1934–1938)",
"text": "Bringing Up Baby was acclaimed by critics, but it was nevertheless unsuccessful at the box office."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Career setbacks (1934–1938)",
"text": "After the release of Bringing up Baby, the Independent Theatre Owners of America included Hepburn on a list of actors considered \"box office poison\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Film, television, and theatre (1971–1983)",
"text": "Echoing her African Queen character, Hepburn again played a deeply religious spinster who teams up with a masculine loner to avenge a family member's death."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Success in later years (1963–1970)",
"text": "She was not a strong singer, but found the offer irresistible and, as Berg puts it, \"what she lacked in euphony she made up for in guts\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Final years and death",
"text": "In 2004, in accordance with Hepburn's wishes, her belongings were put up for auction with Sotheby's in New York City."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Professional expansion (1950–1952)",
"text": "Hepburn subsequently tried to get the play adapted into a film: a script was written by Preston Sturges, and she offered to work for nothing and pay the director herself, but no studio picked up the project."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Hepburn was born on May 12, 1907, in Hartford, Connecticut, the second of six children."
}
] |
Hepburn grew up in London.
| 1 | 2 |
Katharine Hepburn
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was built by the Khmer King Suryavarman II in the early 12th century in Yaśodharapura (Khmer: យសោធរបុរៈ, present-day Angkor), the capital of the Khmer Empire, as his state temple and eventual mausoleum."
}
] |
Hhw761ekCLbjQbLnz9JR
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In 1898 the French decided to commit substantial funds to Angkor's preservation."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was built by the Khmer King Suryavarman II in the early 12th century in Yaśodharapura (Khmer: យសោធរបុរៈ, present-day Angkor), the capital of the Khmer Empire, as his state temple and eventual mausoleum."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Angkor Wat (; Khmer: អង្គរវត្ត, \"City/Capital of Temples\") is a temple complex in Cambodia and the largest religious monument in the world, on a site measuring 162.6 hectares (1,626,000 m2; 402 acres)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Originally constructed as a Hindu temple dedicated to the god Vishnu for the Khmer Empire, it was gradually transformed into a Buddhist temple towards the end of the 12th century as such it is also described as a \"Hindu-Buddhist\" temple."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Temples of Cambodia – The Heart of Angkor (Hardback)."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Towards the end of the 12th century, Angkor Wat gradually transformed from a Hindu centre of worship to Buddhism, which continues to the present day."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "As the best-preserved temple at the site, it is the only one to have remained a significant religious centre since its foundation."
},
{
"section_header": "Angkor Wat today | Restoration and conservation",
"text": "As with most other ancient temples in Cambodia, Angkor Wat has faced extensive damage and deterioration by a combination of plant overgrowth, fungi, ground movements, war damage and theft."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The initial design and construction of the temple took place in the first half of the 12th century, during the reign of Suryavarman II (ruled 1113 – c. 1150)."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Angkor Wat is unusual among the Angkor temples in that although it was largely neglected after the 16th century it was never completely abandoned."
}
] |
The temple complex in Cambodia, Angkor Wat, was built in the 12th century and the French helped fund preservation of the temple.
| 0 | 0 |
Angkor Wat
|
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