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Analyst: The increasing complexity of computers may lead those who pursue a career in computer programming to think that job security and higher wages can be attained by becoming more specialized as the field becomes more complex. Even though specialists earn higher wages than generalists within computer programming, this move is ill-advised because one risks specializing in a technology that will become obsolete. Consider the plight of people who used to repair eight-track tape players. | india5_4-LR2_22_22 | [
"Many other careers will soon offer greater job security and higher wages than computer programming.",
"Some current computer technologies will not become obsolete within the lifetimes of anyone now pursuing a career in computer programming.",
"The average wages earned by generalists within computer programming will never be as high as the average wages earned by specialists within computer programming.",
"The current technological knowledge of most specialists within computer programming could also be applied to many technologies that will replace present ones.",
"The technological complexity of computers may eventually grow less rapidly than at present."
]
| 3 | Which one of the following, if true, most weakens the analyst's argument? |
Any great ape can learn to recognize its reflection in a mirror. Any animal that recognizes its reflection in a mirror has a sense of self. An animal has a sense of the minds of others only if it possesses a sense of self. | india5_4-LR2_23_23 | [
"Before a great ape develops a sense of the minds of others, it must learn to recognize its reflection.",
"All great apes have the ability to develop a sense of the minds of others.",
"Any animal that does not recognize its reflection in a mirror does not have a sense of self.",
"If an animal is not a great ape it is not capable of developing a sense of the minds of others.",
"Any animal that is incapable of developing a sense of self is not a great ape."
]
| 4 | Which one of the following follows logically from the information above? |
Incumbent politicians tend to win elections in times of economic prosperity and lose during recessions. Knowing this, incumbents have an incentive to boost the economy temporarily by cutting taxes and raising government spending several months before an election. Thus, in democratic nations, upcoming elections may be a major cause of short-term economic expansions. | india5_4-LR2_24_24 | [
"Politicians in democratic nations sometimes cut taxes and raise government spending in the months following an election.",
"In democratic nations, short-term economic expansions more often start within the six months preceding a national election than within the six months following one.",
"Cutting taxes several months before an election is an effective means for incumbent politicians to boost the economy temporarily.",
"In democratic nations, incumbent politicians have more control than anyone else over decisions about when taxes will be cut and government spending raised.",
"Raising government spending several months before an election is an effective means for incumbent politicians to boost the economy temporarily."
]
| 0 | Each of the following, if true, strengthens the argument EXCEPT: |
Some educators have had remarkable success with an unusual approach to science education. For example, a physics lesson on the properties of waves might begin by plucking guitar strings. After observing the strings vibrate, students would begin to apply names to the phenomena they had witnessed, such as frequency and amplitude. Only after fully understanding these real-life concepts would they begin to apply abstract terms and equations to the phenomena. | india5_4-LR2_25_25 | [
"Students will understand abstract terms only if they are applicable to phenomena they have observed.",
"Science education is most successful when it emphasizes observation and experiment rather than mathematical calculation",
"Students are unable to form abstract concepts concerning phenomena until they become familiar with these phenomena.",
"Students learn best when teachers appeal to the interests of their students.",
"Familiarity with phenomena facilitates the learning of more formal treatments of these phenomena."
]
| 4 | Which one of the following principles is best illustrated by the example above? |
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