app.R

# setwd("~/Downloads")

options(error = NULL)
library(shiny)
library(shinydashboard)
library(dplyr)
library(readr)
library(sf)
library(rnaturalearth)
library(rnaturalearthdata)
library(countrycode)
library(ggplot2)
library(ggiraph)  # For interactive hover tooltips
#library(extrafont)
#font_import()    # run
#loadfonts()      # load the fonts into R session

# =============================
#            UI
# =============================
ui <- dashboardPage(
  
  # Use black skin for the dashboard
  skin = "black",
  
  dashboardHeader(
    title = span(
      style = "font-weight: 600; font-size: 18px;",
      "Country Representation"
    )
  ),
  
  dashboardSidebar(
    sidebarMenu(
      menuItem("Map Type", tabName = "cartogramTab", icon = icon("globe"))
    ),
    div(
      style = "margin: 15px;",
      selectInput(
        inputId = "indexChoice",
        label = "Select Representation Index:",
        choices = c("Overall", "RepresentationGap", "Ethnicity",
                    "Gender", "Religion", "Language"),
        selected = "Overall"
      )
    )
  ),
  
  dashboardBody(
    # Bring in the OCR A Extended font from Google Fonts
    tags$head(
      tags$link(
        href = "https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=OCR+A+Extended&display=swap",
        rel = "stylesheet"
      ),
      tags$style(HTML("
        /* Force OCR A Extended font across the entire UI and all HTML elements */
        html, body, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, div, span, label, input, button, select,
        .box, .content-wrapper, .main-sidebar, .main-header .navbar, .main-header .logo,
        .sidebar-menu, .sidebar-menu li a, .sidebar-menu .fa {
          font-family: 'OCR A Extended', monospace !important;
        }
        
        /* Header gradient background */
        .main-header .navbar {
          background: linear-gradient(to right, #3b6978, #204051) !important;
        }
        /* Logo area (left corner of the header) */
        .main-header .logo {
          background: #1b2a2f !important;
          color: #ffffff !important;
          border-bottom: none;
          font-size: 18px;
          font-weight: 600;
        }
        /* Sidebar background */
        .main-sidebar {
          background-color: #1b2a2f !important;
        }
        /* Active or hovered tab in the sidebar */
        .sidebar-menu > li.active > a,
        .sidebar-menu > li:hover > a {
          background-color: #344e5c !important;
          border-left-color: #78cdd7 !important;
          color: #ffffff !important;
        }
        
        /* Sidebar menu item icons */
        .sidebar-menu .fa {
          color: #78cdd7 !important;
        }
        
        /* Sidebar menu item text */
        .sidebar-menu > li > a {
          color: #b8c7ce !important;
          font-size: 15px;
          font-weight: 500;
        }
        
        /* Customize the boxes */
        .box {
          border-top: none !important;
          box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
          border-radius: 6px;
        }
        .box.box-solid > .box-header {
          background-color: #204051;
          color: #fff;
          border-radius: 6px 6px 0 0;
        }
        /* Plot box spacing */
        .box .box-body {
          padding: 0 !important;
        }
        /* Footer text styling (plot captions, etc.) */
        .small, small {
          font-size: 75%;
        }
      "))
    ),
    
    tabItems(
      tabItem(
        tabName = "cartogramTab",
        fluidRow(
          box(
            width = 12,
            title = strong("Global Leadership Project (GLP)"),
            solidHeader = TRUE,
            # Use girafeOutput instead of plotOutput
            div(
              style = "height: 80vh; padding: 10px;",
              girafeOutput("cartogramPlot", width = "100%", height = "100%")
            )
          )
        )
      )
    )
  )
)

# =============================
#          SERVER
# =============================
server <- function(input, output, session) {
  
  # Reactive value to store the currently clicked country
  clicked_country <- reactiveVal(NULL)
  
  # Observe clicks on the map
  observeEvent(input$cartogramPlot_selected, {
    selected_id <- input$cartogramPlot_selected
    current_clicked <- clicked_country()
    
    if (identical(selected_id, current_clicked)) {
      # Unclick: set clicked_country to NULL
      clicked_country(NULL)
    } else {
      # Click new country: update clicked_country
      clicked_country(selected_id)
    }
  }, ignoreNULL = FALSE)
  
  # 1. Custom matches for countries not recognized by default in 'countrycode'
  custom_iso_matches <- c("Kosovo" = "XKX",
                          "Somaliland" = "SOM")  # or any valid code you prefer
  
  # 2. Read CSV data and create ISO3 codes with custom matches
  rankings_data <- reactive({
    read_csv("CountryRepresentationRankings.csv", show_col_types = FALSE) %>%
      mutate(iso_a3 = countrycode(
        sourcevar     = Country,
        origin        = "country.name",
        destination   = "iso3c",
        custom_match  = custom_iso_matches
      ))
  })
  
  # 3. Read/prepare world map shapefile
  world_sf <- reactive({
    ne_countries(scale = "medium", returnclass = "sf") %>%
      dplyr::select(name, iso_a3, pop_est, geometry) %>%
      st_transform(crs = "ESRI:54009")  # Mollweide projection
  })
  
  # 4. Create the joined sf object (currently just a regular map)
  cartogram_sf <- reactive({
    merged_sf <- world_sf() %>%
      left_join(rankings_data(), by = "iso_a3")
    # Filter out rows with missing 'Overall', if you want to exclude them
    merged_sf <- merged_sf[!is.na(merged_sf$Overall),]
    merged_sf
  })
  
  # 5. Render the interactive map with ggiraph
  output$cartogramPlot <- renderGirafe({
    req(input$indexChoice)
    
    plot_data <- cartogram_sf()
    index_col <- input$indexChoice
    selected_country_id <- clicked_country()
    
    # Build a tooltip string: customize to your preference
    plot_data$tooltip_text <- paste0(
      "<b>Country:</b> ", plot_data$Country, "<br/>",
      "<b>Overall:</b> ", ifelse(!is.na(plot_data$Overall), plot_data$Overall, "N/A"), "<br/>",
      "<b>Representation Gap:</b> ", ifelse(!is.na(plot_data$RepresentationGap), plot_data$RepresentationGap, "N/A"), "<br/>",
      "<b>Ethnicity:</b> ", ifelse(!is.na(plot_data$Ethnicity), plot_data$Ethnicity, "N/A"), "<br/>",
      "<b>Gender:</b> ", ifelse(!is.na(plot_data$Gender), plot_data$Gender, "N/A"), "<br/>",
      "<b>Religion:</b> ", ifelse(!is.na(plot_data$Religion), plot_data$Religion, "N/A"), "<br/>",
      "<b>Language:</b> ", ifelse(!is.na(plot_data$Language), plot_data$Language, "N/A")
    )
    
    # Use geom_sf_interactive with aes() + get() instead of aes_string()
    p <- ggplot(plot_data) +
      geom_sf_interactive(
        aes(
          fill = get(index_col),
          tooltip = tooltip_text,
          data_id = iso_a3
        ),
        color = "grey20",
        size = 0.1
      ) +
      scale_fill_viridis_c(option = "D", na.value = "white") +
      coord_sf(expand = FALSE) +
      # Use a generic base_family to avoid font errors
      #theme_void(base_size = 14, base_family = "Courier New") +
      theme_void(base_size = 14, base_family = "sans") +
      labs(
        fill = paste(index_col, "Index"),
        title = "Country-level Representation",
        subtitle = "Map Colored by Selected Representation Index",
        caption = "Source: Global Leadership Project (GLP) & Natural Earth"
      ) +
      theme(
        plot.title      = element_text(face = "bold", hjust = 0.5, size = 20),
        plot.subtitle   = element_text(hjust = 0.5, size = 14),
        plot.caption    = element_text(hjust = 1, size = 10),
        legend.position = "bottom",
        legend.direction = "horizontal",
        legend.key.width = unit(2, "cm")
      )
    
    # Wrap the ggplot in a girafe object, including tooltip styling and click handling
    girafe(
      ggobj = p,
      width_svg  = 10,
      height_svg = 6,
      options = list(
        opts_tooltip(
          css = "background-color: white;
                 font-family: 'OCR A Extended', monospace;
                 color: black;"
        ),
        opts_selection(type = "single", selected = selected_country_id),
        opts_zoom(max = 5)
      )
    )
  })
}

# =============================
#   Launch the Shiny App
# =============================
shinyApp(ui = ui, server = server)