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closed_qa | [
{
"content": "Mount Everest (Nepali: सगरमाथा, romanized: Sagarmāthā; Tibetan: Chomolungma ཇོ་མོ་གླང་མ; Chinese: 珠穆朗玛峰; pinyin: Zhūmùlǎngmǎ Fēng) is Earth's highest mountain above sea level, located in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas. The China–Nepal border runs across its summit point. Its elevation (snow height) of 8,848.86 m (29,031 ft 8+1⁄2 in) was most recently established in 2020 by the Chinese and Nepali authorities. Where is Mount Everest?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Mount Everest is located in the Himalayan mountain range and runs across the China-Nepal border.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Mount Everest (Nepali: सगरमाथा, romanized: Sagarmāthā; Tibetan: Chomolungma ཇོ་མོ་གླང་མ; Chinese: 珠穆朗玛峰; pinyin: Zhūmùlǎngmǎ Fēng) is Earth's highest mountain above sea level, located in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas. The China–Nepal border runs across its summit point. Its elevation (snow height) of 8,848.86 m (29,031 ft 8+1⁄2 in) was most recently established in 2020 by the Chinese and Nepali authorities. Where is Mount Everest? |
open_qa | [
{
"content": "what happens when you blow air into alkaline water?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "When you blow air into alkaline water the C02 from your breath creates carbonic acid which lowers the potential hydrogen of the alkaline water. If you blow air into the alkaline water long enough the alkaline water will eventually turn acidic. Potential hydrogen drops can be used to measure the PH to show the effect of blowing air into alkaline water. PH drops will show alkaline water as blue and purple, and they will show acidic water as yellow.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| what happens when you blow air into alkaline water? |
information_extraction | [
{
"content": "Among the most respected and well-known awards for science fiction are the Hugo Award for literature, presented by the World Science Fiction Society at Worldcon, and voted on by fans; the Nebula Award for literature, presented by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America, and voted on by the community of authors; the John W. Campbell Memorial Award for Best Science Fiction Novel, presented by a jury of writers; and the Theodore Sturgeon Memorial Award for short fiction, presented by a jury. One notable award for science fiction films and TV programs is the Saturn Award, which is presented annually by The Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy, and Horror Films. Extract the list of science fiction awards from the paragraph below in the form of bulleted list, each item should include award name and whom is it presented by.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "- Hugo Award for literature, presented by the World Science Fiction Society.\n- Nebula Award for literature, presented by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America.\n- John W. Campbell Memorial Award for Best Science Fiction Novel, presented by a jury of writers.\n- Theodore Sturgeon Memorial Award for short fiction, presented by a jury.\n- Saturn Award, presented by by The Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy, and Horror Films.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Among the most respected and well-known awards for science fiction are the Hugo Award for literature, presented by the World Science Fiction Society at Worldcon, and voted on by fans; the Nebula Award for literature, presented by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America, and voted on by the community of authors; the John W. Campbell Memorial Award for Best Science Fiction Novel, presented by a jury of writers; and the Theodore Sturgeon Memorial Award for short fiction, presented by a jury. One notable award for science fiction films and TV programs is the Saturn Award, which is presented annually by The Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy, and Horror Films. Extract the list of science fiction awards from the paragraph below in the form of bulleted list, each item should include award name and whom is it presented by. |
general_qa | [
{
"content": "Is there a relation between wavelength and frequency?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Wavelength is inversely proportional to frequency. Wavelength is the distance between crests of waves whereas Frequency is number of waves occur in given time. Higher the frequency , lower the wavelength and vice-versa",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Is there a relation between wavelength and frequency? |
brainstorming | [
{
"content": "Tell me a number of ways that one could entertain a small group of 6 year old children.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "There are a quite a few ways in which to entertain a group of young children depending on their interests. Most children enjoy games, so you could find some age-appropriate board games and help them to understand the rules and play through the game. Alternatively, if you have space, you could have them play hide-and-go-seek indoors or outside, or alternatively games like 'suck in the mud' are fun for outdoor activity. For something quieter, you could find some rolls of butchers paper and drawing tools or paints and provide a theme for children to paint a mural together.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Tell me a number of ways that one could entertain a small group of 6 year old children. |
open_qa | [
{
"content": "How many cents do I have if I have two nickels?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "If you have two nickels, you have 10 cents.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| How many cents do I have if I have two nickels? |
general_qa | [
{
"content": "Many people are hesitant to invest resources toward slowing down or even reversing the effects of climate change because they think it does not make sense if only a small portion of the population invests resources. They think it is stupid to do so until everyone agreed to do so or is forced by policy. What is the reason that some people still do so?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Some people do not want to wait until everyone agreed or a policy is in place because they want to start or increase the momentum of slowing down or reversing the effects of climate change. They don't want to wait until it is potentially too late but rather they want to do what they can right now. Some of them might hope that those actions motivate others to follow them which might in turn increase the chance of more and more people doing the same and thus likely starting a bandwagon effect. Some of the activists might also want to prevent living with a bad conscience and thus, they might prefer to spend their resources on climate change related causes instead of other alternatives.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Many people are hesitant to invest resources toward slowing down or even reversing the effects of climate change because they think it does not make sense if only a small portion of the population invests resources. They think it is stupid to do so until everyone agreed to do so or is forced by policy. What is the reason that some people still do so? |
open_qa | [
{
"content": "What was the first functional submarine called?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The Turtle was made of wood and used in the American Revolution.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| What was the first functional submarine called? |
brainstorming | [
{
"content": "What are some interesting places to visit in Canada as a tourist?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Canada is a large country with many unique destinations. Here are a few suggestions on where to go for a vacation:\n\n1. Toronto - visit the CN tower and walk down Bay Street to see the Canadian Wallstreet.\n2. Montreal - has a mix of both old and new sights, with some buildings dating back to the founding of the city.\n3. Calgary - visit the Calgary Stampede to experience on of the world's largest rodeos. \n\nThere are many other cities in Canada to visit, but these are just a few to get started!",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| What are some interesting places to visit in Canada as a tourist? |
closed_qa | [
{
"content": "Industrial Light & Magic (ILM) is an American motion picture visual effects company that was founded on May 26, 1975 by George Lucas. It is a division of the film production company Lucasfilm, which Lucas founded, and was created when he began production on the original Star Wars, now the fourth episode of the Skywalker Saga.\n\nILM originated in Van Nuys, California, then later moved to San Rafael in 1978, and since 2005 it has been based at the Letterman Digital Arts Center in the Presidio of San Francisco. In 2012, The Walt Disney Company acquired ILM as part of its purchase of Lucasfilm. Who are Industrial Light and Magic?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Industrial Light and Magic are one of the biggest and most innovative VFX (Visual Effects) and CGI (Computer generated imagery) firms. The company was started by George Lucas.and was acquired by Disney. They have contributed Visual special effects for over 300 films including the Star Wars series, Indiana Jones series and the Jurassic Park series.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Industrial Light & Magic (ILM) is an American motion picture visual effects company that was founded on May 26, 1975 by George Lucas. It is a division of the film production company Lucasfilm, which Lucas founded, and was created when he began production on the original Star Wars, now the fourth episode of the Skywalker Saga.
ILM originated in Van Nuys, California, then later moved to San Rafael in 1978, and since 2005 it has been based at the Letterman Digital Arts Center in the Presidio of San Francisco. In 2012, The Walt Disney Company acquired ILM as part of its purchase of Lucasfilm. Who are Industrial Light and Magic? |
closed_qa | [
{
"content": "Elemental magnesium is a gray-white lightweight metal, two-thirds the density of aluminium. Magnesium has the lowest melting (923 K (650 °C)) and the lowest boiling point 1,363 K (1,090 °C) of all the alkaline earth metals. Given this paragraph about magnesium, what is the melting point of magnesium in celsius?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The melting point of magnesium is 650 °C.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Elemental magnesium is a gray-white lightweight metal, two-thirds the density of aluminium. Magnesium has the lowest melting (923 K (650 °C)) and the lowest boiling point 1,363 K (1,090 °C) of all the alkaline earth metals. Given this paragraph about magnesium, what is the melting point of magnesium in celsius? |
brainstorming | [
{
"content": "Give me the all-time hit movies of Rajnikanth.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Baasha\nPadaiyappa\nAnnamalai\nChandramukhi\nThalapathi\nEnthiran",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Give me the all-time hit movies of Rajnikanth. |
brainstorming | [
{
"content": "how to use coffee mug other than drinking",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Use mug as a golf put\nUse mug to grow a plant\nUse mug for shaving vessel\nUse mug as pencil holder\nUse mug as a mouse trap",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| how to use coffee mug other than drinking |
general_qa | [
{
"content": "What is a mammal?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "A mammal is a warm blooded vertebrate animal that is distinguished by having mammary glands and hair. Typically mammals give birth to live babies that need the help of their parents to survive. Some fun facts include, 1) bats are the only flying mammals, and 2) blue whales, the largest animals on the planet, are also mammals.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| What is a mammal? |
general_qa | [
{
"content": "Which is the windiest continent on Earth?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Antarctica is the windiest continent on Earth. Cold air rushes downhill from the center of the continent toward the sea in all directions.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Which is the windiest continent on Earth? |
general_qa | [
{
"content": "Why do people like traveling for leisure?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Moving around the world seems to be part of human beings nature. Traveling represents a great opportunity. It is a relaxing and educational experience at the same time. Traveling is a great leaning opportunity.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Why do people like traveling for leisure? |
open_qa | [
{
"content": "Is 99% a good grade on an essay?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Yes, 99% is an excellent grade to receive on an essay!",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Is 99% a good grade on an essay? |
open_qa | [
{
"content": "Name some of the great TV shows of the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Perfect Strangers, Three's Company, Cheers, Seinfeld, Mash, Small Wonder, Family Matters, Full House, The Montel Williams Show, Oprah, Sally Jesse Raphael, Dynasty, General Hospital",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Name some of the great TV shows of the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s |
open_qa | [
{
"content": "In Digital Marketing, what is the difference between SEO and SEM?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "SEO stands for Search Engine Optimization and it focuses on the creation and enhancement of webpages to improve their rankings in organic search results. SEM stands for Search Engine Marketing and it focuses on the use of paid advertisements to rank at the top of Search Engine Results Page.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| In Digital Marketing, what is the difference between SEO and SEM? |
closed_qa | [
{
"content": "The McIntosh County Seat War was a dispute in Oklahoma over the location of the McIntosh County seat that took place between 1907 and 1909. Following a pair of elections that resulted in the town of Checotah being designated as the new county seat, the people of Eufaula refused to hand over the county records. As a result, a group of heavily armed men from Chectotah attempted to seize the records, but were forced to surrender during the gunbattle that ensued. One year later, after another close election, Eufaula became the permanent county seat. What was the The McIntosh County Seat War",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The McIntosh County Seat War was a dispute in Oklahoma over the location of the McIntosh County seat that took place between 1907 and 1909. Following a pair of elections that resulted in the town of Checotah being designated as the new county seat, the people of Eufaula refused to hand over the county records. \n\nAs a result, a group of heavily armed men from Chectotah attempted to seize the records, but were forced to surrender during the gunbattle that ensued. One year later, after another close election, Eufaula became the permanent county seat.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| The McIntosh County Seat War was a dispute in Oklahoma over the location of the McIntosh County seat that took place between 1907 and 1909. Following a pair of elections that resulted in the town of Checotah being designated as the new county seat, the people of Eufaula refused to hand over the county records. As a result, a group of heavily armed men from Chectotah attempted to seize the records, but were forced to surrender during the gunbattle that ensued. One year later, after another close election, Eufaula became the permanent county seat. What was the The McIntosh County Seat War |
open_qa | [
{
"content": "When Joan of Arc was beatified in the famous Notre Dame cathedral in Paris?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "1909",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| When Joan of Arc was beatified in the famous Notre Dame cathedral in Paris? |
closed_qa | [
{
"content": "Dill Records was a small punk rock/ska record label based out of Monte Sereno, California, that put out CDs/records from 1989-1998. The name is an allusion to initially the label's only band, Skankin' Pickle. The record label was started by Mike Park, a.k.a. Bruce Lee of Skankin' Pickle. The first other band with a release on Dill Records was the Tantra Monsters (Dill 006) in 1994. After the breakup of Skankin' Pickle, Mike Park continued releasing records, beginning the label Asian Man Records in 1996. Asian Man and Dill Records coexisted until 1998. Asian Man re-released many albums originally released by Dill Records, as all releases are now out of print and Dill Records is no longer in operation. Given this paragraph about Dill Records, tell me when the group made CDs and who started the record label.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Dill Records was started by Mike Park and made CDs from 1989 to 1998.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Dill Records was a small punk rock/ska record label based out of Monte Sereno, California, that put out CDs/records from 1989-1998. The name is an allusion to initially the label's only band, Skankin' Pickle. The record label was started by Mike Park, a.k.a. Bruce Lee of Skankin' Pickle. The first other band with a release on Dill Records was the Tantra Monsters (Dill 006) in 1994. After the breakup of Skankin' Pickle, Mike Park continued releasing records, beginning the label Asian Man Records in 1996. Asian Man and Dill Records coexisted until 1998. Asian Man re-released many albums originally released by Dill Records, as all releases are now out of print and Dill Records is no longer in operation. Given this paragraph about Dill Records, tell me when the group made CDs and who started the record label. |
information_extraction | [
{
"content": "Whereas its pre-evolutions Charmander and Charmeleon are ground-bound lizard like creatures, Charizard's design is inspired by dragons, more specifically European dragons. Even though Charizard gains the Flying secondary type instead of the Dragon type upon evolving, it belongs to the Dragon Egg Group, learns Dragon moves like Dragon Claw, and has its Flying type replaced by Dragon in its \"Mega Charizard X\" form. Authors Tracey West and Katherine Noll called Charizard the \"best Fire type Pokémon\" and the \"third best Pokémon overall\". What type of Pokemon is Charizard?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Charizard is a Fire/Flying type Pokemon",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Whereas its pre-evolutions Charmander and Charmeleon are ground-bound lizard like creatures, Charizard's design is inspired by dragons, more specifically European dragons. Even though Charizard gains the Flying secondary type instead of the Dragon type upon evolving, it belongs to the Dragon Egg Group, learns Dragon moves like Dragon Claw, and has its Flying type replaced by Dragon in its "Mega Charizard X" form. Authors Tracey West and Katherine Noll called Charizard the "best Fire type Pokémon" and the "third best Pokémon overall". What type of Pokemon is Charizard? |
closed_qa | [
{
"content": "The Maurice \"Rocket\" Richard Trophy, also known as the Rocket Richard Trophy, is awarded annually to the leading goal scorer in the National Hockey League (NHL). It was donated to the NHL by the Montreal Canadiens in 1998–99 and is named in honour of legendary Montreal Canadiens right winger Maurice \"Rocket\" Richard. First won by Teemu Selanne, it is currently held by Auston Matthews, who scored 60 goals during the 2021–22 NHL season. What is the Maurice Richard Trophy",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The Maurice \"Rocket\" Richard Trophy, also known as the Rocket Richard Trophy, is awarded annually to the leading goal scorer in the National Hockey League (NHL). It was donated to the NHL by the Montreal Canadiens in 1998–99 and is named in honour of legendary Montreal Canadiens right winger Maurice \"Rocket\" Richard. \n\nFirst won by Teemu Selanne, it is currently held by Auston Matthews, who scored 60 goals during the 2021–22 NHL season.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| The Maurice "Rocket" Richard Trophy, also known as the Rocket Richard Trophy, is awarded annually to the leading goal scorer in the National Hockey League (NHL). It was donated to the NHL by the Montreal Canadiens in 1998–99 and is named in honour of legendary Montreal Canadiens right winger Maurice "Rocket" Richard. First won by Teemu Selanne, it is currently held by Auston Matthews, who scored 60 goals during the 2021–22 NHL season. What is the Maurice Richard Trophy |
general_qa | [
{
"content": "Rewrite the following sentence in terms of horses, rather than dogs: \"The adjective form of dog is canine.\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The adjective form of horse is equine.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Rewrite the following sentence in terms of horses, rather than dogs: "The adjective form of dog is canine." |
general_qa | [
{
"content": "What came first the chicken or the egg?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "At first glance, it may seem that a chicken must have come from an egg first. \"Egg\" is a word, that is used to describe the resulting product of procreation for many species. Based on the theory of evolution a non chicken egg at some point led to the birth of a chicken. It is important to note that an egg does not instantly turn into a chicken and there is a vast and potentially infinite spectrum of transitionary states. Somewhere in the infinite spectrum of this evolutionary transition a chicken and egg existed for a moment. One can argue that a chicken and its egg were created exactly at the same instant in time. We could further argue that the chicken and egg of yesterday is not the same chicken and egg of today.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| What came first the chicken or the egg? |
closed_qa | [
{
"content": "Shōrin-ryū is generally characterized by natural breathing, natural (narrow, high) stances, and circular, rather than direct movements. Shōrin-ryū practitioners assert that correct motion, moving quickly to evade violence with fluid movements and flexible positions are important, and that a solid structure is vital for powerful blocks and strikes. Stances that are too deep generally make body movement difficult. Another feature in this system is how the student is taught to punch. Generally, there is neither a horizontal nor vertical punch in Shōrin-ryū. Punches are slightly canted to the inside (Isshin-ryū), with the largest knuckle of the forefinger (third from the tip) in vertical alignment with the second knuckle of the pinky finger. It is believed that this position is key in lining up the bones of the arm and creates a faster, more stable and powerful strike. Given the following note about training in a specific style of karate, tell me why its practitioners consider its fist alignment to offer advantages for their striking.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Practitioners of Shōrin-ryū believe lining up the second and third knuckle, along with the bones of the arm, enables them to deliver faster and more powerful punches.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Shōrin-ryū is generally characterized by natural breathing, natural (narrow, high) stances, and circular, rather than direct movements. Shōrin-ryū practitioners assert that correct motion, moving quickly to evade violence with fluid movements and flexible positions are important, and that a solid structure is vital for powerful blocks and strikes. Stances that are too deep generally make body movement difficult. Another feature in this system is how the student is taught to punch. Generally, there is neither a horizontal nor vertical punch in Shōrin-ryū. Punches are slightly canted to the inside (Isshin-ryū), with the largest knuckle of the forefinger (third from the tip) in vertical alignment with the second knuckle of the pinky finger. It is believed that this position is key in lining up the bones of the arm and creates a faster, more stable and powerful strike. Given the following note about training in a specific style of karate, tell me why its practitioners consider its fist alignment to offer advantages for their striking. |
classification | [
{
"content": "Which characters belong to DC or Marvel Universe? She-Hulk, Wonder Woman",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "She-Hulk is Marvel, Wonder Woman is DC",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Which characters belong to DC or Marvel Universe? She-Hulk, Wonder Woman |
general_qa | [
{
"content": "How do I create knit stitches?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "In patterns a knit stitch is often abbreviated as k. A knit stitch is the first basic stitch to learn. Hold the needle with the cast-on stitches in your left hand and the second empty needle in your right hand. The yarn that is coming from your skein or ball of yarn should be held toward the back of your work and this yard strand is considered your working yard. Push the empty needle into the first loop between the first and second stitch from left to right. Grab the working yarn with your right hand and loop it right to left behind the needle that you just pushed into the first stitch. Keeping that loop on the right needle, slide the needle tips toward each other so the stitch on the left needle can fall off of the needle , keeping the loop on the right needle that you created. This is your first knit stitch. Continue the pattern to the end of the row.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| How do I create knit stitches? |
information_extraction | [
{
"content": "Coffee beans must be ground and brewed to create a beverage. The criteria for choosing a method include flavor and economy. Almost all methods of preparing coffee require that the beans be ground and then mixed with hot water long enough to allow the flavor to emerge but not so long as to draw out bitter compounds. The liquid can be consumed after the spent grounds are removed. Brewing considerations include the fineness of the grind, how the water is used to extract the flavor, the ratio of coffee grounds to water (the brew ratio), additional flavorings such as sugar, milk, and spices, and the technique to be used to separate spent grounds. Optimal coffee extraction occurs between 91 and 96 °C (196 and 205 °F). Ideal holding temperatures range from 85 to 88 °C (185 to 190 °F) to as high as 93 °C (199 °F) and the ideal serving temperature is 68 to 79 °C (154 to 174 °F). From the passage provided, extract the low end in Celsius of the optimal coffee extraction temperature range.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The low end of the optimal coffee extraction temperature range is 91 °C.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Coffee beans must be ground and brewed to create a beverage. The criteria for choosing a method include flavor and economy. Almost all methods of preparing coffee require that the beans be ground and then mixed with hot water long enough to allow the flavor to emerge but not so long as to draw out bitter compounds. The liquid can be consumed after the spent grounds are removed. Brewing considerations include the fineness of the grind, how the water is used to extract the flavor, the ratio of coffee grounds to water (the brew ratio), additional flavorings such as sugar, milk, and spices, and the technique to be used to separate spent grounds. Optimal coffee extraction occurs between 91 and 96 °C (196 and 205 °F). Ideal holding temperatures range from 85 to 88 °C (185 to 190 °F) to as high as 93 °C (199 °F) and the ideal serving temperature is 68 to 79 °C (154 to 174 °F). From the passage provided, extract the low end in Celsius of the optimal coffee extraction temperature range. |
closed_qa | [
{
"content": "Northam ran for Lieutenant Governor of Virginia in the 2013 election. Northam competed against U.S. Chief Technology Officer Aneesh Chopra for the Democratic nomination. On June 11, 2013, Northam won the Democratic primary over Chopra with 54% of the vote to Chopra's 46%.\n\nOn November 5, 2013, Northam was elected as Virginia's 40th Lieutenant Governor over Republican E. W. Jackson, receiving 55% of the vote to Jackson's 45%. Northam was the first Democrat since Tim Kaine in 2001 to be elected Lieutenant Governor of Virginia. By what percentage of vote margin did Ralph Northam win over Aneesh Chopra in the 2013 election for Governor of Virginia?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "8 percent",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Northam ran for Lieutenant Governor of Virginia in the 2013 election. Northam competed against U.S. Chief Technology Officer Aneesh Chopra for the Democratic nomination. On June 11, 2013, Northam won the Democratic primary over Chopra with 54% of the vote to Chopra's 46%.
On November 5, 2013, Northam was elected as Virginia's 40th Lieutenant Governor over Republican E. W. Jackson, receiving 55% of the vote to Jackson's 45%. Northam was the first Democrat since Tim Kaine in 2001 to be elected Lieutenant Governor of Virginia. By what percentage of vote margin did Ralph Northam win over Aneesh Chopra in the 2013 election for Governor of Virginia? |
brainstorming | [
{
"content": "Give me a list of some excellent 5 VPN services",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "1. Express VPN\n2. Surfshark VPN\n3. NordVPN\n4. IPVanish VPN\n5. CyberGhost\n6. Proton VPN\n7. PureVPN",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Give me a list of some excellent 5 VPN services |
brainstorming | [
{
"content": "Give me the list of Greek goddesses starting by 'B':",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Here is the list of Greek goddesses starting by 'B': \n\n- Baubo\n- Benthesikyme\n- Bia\n- Borysthenis\n- Brimo\n- Brizo\n- Bronte",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Give me the list of Greek goddesses starting by 'B': |
classification | [
{
"content": "Which of the following countries are in Europe and which are in the rest of the world: Nicaragua, Australia, Austria, New Zealand, Morocco, Spain, Greece, China, Chile?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Austria, Spain, and Greece are all countries in Europe, while the remaining countries in the list are in the rest of the world. Nicaragua is in North America, Australia and New Zealand are in Oceania, Morocco is in Africa, China is in Asia, and Chile is part of South America.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Which of the following countries are in Europe and which are in the rest of the world: Nicaragua, Australia, Austria, New Zealand, Morocco, Spain, Greece, China, Chile? |
closed_qa | [
{
"content": "Alexander III of Macedon (Ancient Greek: Ἀλέξανδρος, romanized: Alexandros; 20/21 July 356 BC – 10/11 June 323 BC), commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon Who was Alexander the Great?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Alexander III of Macedon, commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon. He succeeded his father Philip II to the throne in 336 BC at the age of 20, and spent most of his ruling years conducting a lengthy military campaign throughout Western Asia and Egypt. By the age of 30, he had created one of the largest empires in history, stretching from Greece to northwestern India. He was undefeated in battle and is widely considered to be one of history's greatest and most successful military commanders.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Alexander III of Macedon (Ancient Greek: Ἀλέξανδρος, romanized: Alexandros; 20/21 July 356 BC – 10/11 June 323 BC), commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon Who was Alexander the Great? |
open_qa | [
{
"content": "What are the continents from largest to smallest?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The continents by size, from largest to smallest are: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| What are the continents from largest to smallest? |
open_qa | [
{
"content": "What is profit?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "A person or company can sell a product or service, and mark up the cost to the customer over what it costs them to produce. The amount of money that you can sell something for, over the amount of money it cost to produce and sell that item, is profit.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| What is profit? |
information_extraction | [
{
"content": "Couple's Retreat Garden (Chinese: 耦园; pinyin: Ǒu Yuán; Suzhou Wu: Ngeu yoe, Wu Chinese: [ŋøʏ ɦyø]) located in Suzhou city, Jiangsu province, China is a famous classical Chinese garden. It is recognized with other classical Suzhou gardens as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. What is the Couple's Retreat Garden?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The original garden was built by Lu Jin, prefect of Baoning district, in 1874. It was purchased by Shen Bingcheng, the magistrate of Susong. who rebuilt it in its current form. He also changed the name to the Couple's Garden Retreat. This name refers to the garden's two parts and alludes to a couple. It is recognized with other classical Suzhou gardens as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.\n\nThe 0.33 ha garden is divided into an east and west section by the residential core in the middle; an unusual composition for a classical garden. The eccentric design is continued in the form and details of many of the garden buildings, especially the Taoism Tower. The garden is located in the intersection of canals and is surrounded by water on three sides. It is accessible directly from the canal by boat. The West garden is composed of several structures grouped around a small grotto and a Library annex. It is structurally joined to the central residence. East Garden is the main garden of the complex. It consists of a grotto and pond ringed by a covered walkway that connects the structures. A smaller fruit orchard annex is attached.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Couple's Retreat Garden (Chinese: 耦园; pinyin: Ǒu Yuán; Suzhou Wu: Ngeu yoe, Wu Chinese: [ŋøʏ ɦyø]) located in Suzhou city, Jiangsu province, China is a famous classical Chinese garden. It is recognized with other classical Suzhou gardens as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. What is the Couple's Retreat Garden? |
open_qa | [
{
"content": "Why would an NHL team want to lose to be last in the standings?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "While winning is ultimately the goal of professional sports teams, in many sports leagues, including the National Hockey League (NHL), teams that are worse get higher draft picks in the upcoming year's entry draft.\n\nHaving a higher pick in the entry draft can be very valuable, since it is one of the best ways to get a very talented player on your team. For example, Sidney Crosby, and Connor McDavid, widely considered to be the best players in the NHL were both first overall picks in their drafts.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Why would an NHL team want to lose to be last in the standings? |
general_qa | [
{
"content": "What is Davis, CA known for?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Being the bike capitol of the U.S. as well as one of the top agriculture cities. UC Davis has bike paths everywhere across its campus - more so than streets for cars! Additionally, there is a consistent smell of manure throughout the campus due to the high number of cows. It's a very nice city to bike around as well as grow a garden in!",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| What is Davis, CA known for? |
brainstorming | [
{
"content": "What sports can I play in Summer?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "There are many different sports you can play in Summer. Here is the list:\n\n1- Soccer\n2- Swimming\n3- Hiking\n4- Football\n5- Running\n6- Tennis",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| What sports can I play in Summer? |
open_qa | [
{
"content": "What is the difference between pursue and persuade?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Pursue is to go after something to achieve a means. Persuade is to convince someone to do something.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| What is the difference between pursue and persuade? |
information_extraction | [
{
"content": "Sócrates Brasileiro Sampaio de Souza Vieira de Oliveira (19 February 1954 – 4 December 2011), simply known as Sócrates [ˈsɔkɾat͡ʃis], was a Brazilian footballer who played as a midfielder. His medical degree and his political awareness, combined with style and quality of his play, earned him the nickname \"Doctor Socrates\".\n\nEasily recognizable for his beard and headband, Sócrates became the \"symbol of cool for a whole generation of football supporters\". He is considered to be one of the greatest midfielders of his generation. In 1983, he was named South American Footballer of the Year. In 2004, he was named by Pelé in the FIFA 100 list of the world's greatest living players.\n\nSocrates played for Brazil for seven years, scoring 22 goals and representing the nation in two World Cups. He captained the team in the 1982 FIFA World Cup; playing in midfield alongside Zico, Falcão, Toninho Cerezo and Éder, considered one of the greatest Brazilian national teams ever. He also appeared in the 1979 and 1983 Copa América. At club level, Sócrates played for Botafogo-SP before joining Corinthians in 1978. He moved to Italy to play for Fiorentina, returning to Brazil in 1985 to end his career. Extract the teams that the footballer Sócrates played during his career, separate it by comma.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Brazil, Botafogo-SP, Corinthians, Fiorentina",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Sócrates Brasileiro Sampaio de Souza Vieira de Oliveira (19 February 1954 – 4 December 2011), simply known as Sócrates [ˈsɔkɾat͡ʃis], was a Brazilian footballer who played as a midfielder. His medical degree and his political awareness, combined with style and quality of his play, earned him the nickname "Doctor Socrates".
Easily recognizable for his beard and headband, Sócrates became the "symbol of cool for a whole generation of football supporters". He is considered to be one of the greatest midfielders of his generation. In 1983, he was named South American Footballer of the Year. In 2004, he was named by Pelé in the FIFA 100 list of the world's greatest living players.
Socrates played for Brazil for seven years, scoring 22 goals and representing the nation in two World Cups. He captained the team in the 1982 FIFA World Cup; playing in midfield alongside Zico, Falcão, Toninho Cerezo and Éder, considered one of the greatest Brazilian national teams ever. He also appeared in the 1979 and 1983 Copa América. At club level, Sócrates played for Botafogo-SP before joining Corinthians in 1978. He moved to Italy to play for Fiorentina, returning to Brazil in 1985 to end his career. Extract the teams that the footballer Sócrates played during his career, separate it by comma. |
creative_writing | [
{
"content": "Write a short story about a little girl that saves her neighbors home from a bee infestation.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Milly was 6 years old and ever since she could remember, fascinated by bees. Her mother called her their little apiologist. Her father called her \"honey bee.\" Her brother called her super tough because she had been stung by bees over 10 times and not once did she cry. The truth is, Milly felt like crying when she was stung, and it was not because the sting hurt. No, Milly was sad, because when a bee stings you, it dies and Milly loves bees.\n\nKnowing what you now know about Milly, it will be no surprise to you that the Jackson's came to her when they needed help. The Jackson's were Milly's neighbors, and Milly thought they were very cool. First off, they loved animals. Including 3 kids, 2 dogs, 2 cats, and 12 little silver fish that sparkled in this huge fishbowl. They dressed colorfully, they organized street-wide garage sales, and every few weeks, they invited Milly and her brother over to watch movies in their backyard that they projected off the side of their garage. \n\nThe Jackson's were not the type of people to worry about much, but on this day, they appeared very concerned. When Milly opened the door after she heard the doorbell ring, their they all were, Thomas and Lauren (the parents), Amber, Jade, Hugo (the kids), Bosko and Roscoe (the dogs), Felix and Helix (the cats), and sparkles (all of the fish were named sparkle because you couldn't tell them apart) in their fishbowl. Amber spoke up, \"Milly, we need your help, it's an emergency.\" Jade continued, \"There are bees everywhere!\" Hugo finished, \"At least Dad and Roscoe are allergic to bee stings, so we just grabbed everyone and ran!\"\n\nMilly's eyes darted between each of the people and pets in front of her. She could see and sense the fear in them. They did not know that there was nothing to fear, Milly the little apiologist was here. Milly took a deep breath, and calmly said, \"Lead me to them.\" Thomas said, \"Thank you Milly, we think they are coming out of the garage, but we're not sure\", as they started to walk next door. \n\nStepping through the grass, you could start to hear what the Jackson's were talking about. With each step, a droning buzz sound got closer. As Milly stepped off the lawn and onto the Jackson's driveway the buzzing went up a few decibels. She started to see them. Little movements in every direction - coming from the garage, going to the garage, bouncing off the windows of the car, hovering above the buffet of colorful flowers in the planters hanging on the side of the back deck. To some it might look chaotic, but to Milly, it was amazing. \n\nThe Jackson’s stayed back, near the start of the driveway, holding their collective breaths, as Milly walked right into the swarms' midst. Milly’s tie-dye shirt was bright pink and yellow, and had the words, “Flower Power” written on the front in bold, bubbly letters. It attracted a lot of attention. Bees were landing all over her, as if exploring the shirt for some hidden nectar. Unbothered, Milly stood there for a minute and just listened to the buzz. She could sense that it was louder towards the garage. Milly went to the green wooden door and peered in through the window. She could not believe her eyes.\n\nThe window on the door of the Jackson’s garage was in need of a cleaning. But it was clear to Milly that something remarkable was behind this door, because she could see bees everywhere. Not just flying, but bees on the table top, the toolbox, the walls, the lights, the bicycles, they were everywhere. So many, the walls looked like they were moving. Milly opened the door and walked in, a few bees blasted out as the door opened, along with a rush of air carrying a slightly sweet fragrance. \n\nMore bees flew towards Milly, landing on her. Walking on her sleeves, hanging on to her shoe laces, getting tangled in her hair. Milly put her hand over her mouth and nose, so she could breathe without inhaling a bee. She had to keep blinking to keep the bees from obscuring her vision. She walked slowly to the table top that used to have a few tools on it, keeping a close eye on where she stepped. She started her search here, because she noticed a strange pattern in the surface movement: there was a small trail between thousands of bees on the wall behind the table top.\n\nMilly knows a lot about bees. That male bees don’t have stingers. Females and males have different body types and shapes. Females have shorter antennae, males tend to be slimmer and smaller. Milly also knows that each hive has a single queen, and that the queen likes to walk quickly amongst her hive. As she walks, the workers all around her will part in front of her, leaving a small wake behind the queen. With this in mind, Millly scanned the wall, looking for her. \n\nAnd there she is. The queen bee stands out. She’s larger in every way. The patterns on her wings are more clear. She moves where she pleases, and her workers are happy to clear a path in front of her. Milly reached out and picked her up. The buzzing in the garage got louder almost immediately. The bees near the wall, started to lift off and fly around quickly in front of Milly, who was once again holding a hand over her mouth and nose. Milly turned to face the door and began to retrace her steps back out of the garage. \n\nAs Milly took each step, more and more bees started to land on her closed hand holding the queen. Bees landed on her arm, on her shoulder, on neck, and slowly covered all of Milly’s body. Milly made it to the door, and walked out. The Jackson’s started yelling, “Milly are you OK?!” “Milly??!!!!” “Call 9-1-1!!!” Roscoe barked. Milly couldn’t hear anything over the buzzing though. The weight of the bees was unexpectedly heavy. The bees were warm too, and she could feel a tinge of perspiration on her brow.\n\nMilly headed home. She didn’t have any pets of her own, she didn’t ask for much, but she was about to make a big ask. Milly still moved slowly, as her vision was still obscured given the movement in front, above, and below her eyes. She could sense the Jackson’s kids rushing ahead of her, and shouting. Milly could feel the queen in her hand moving around, pushing at the edges between her fingers, trying to get through to her hive that was crawling all over Milly.\n\nAs she walked back across the lawn, she started to see people on the street watching her. She could see her house between blinks, and her mother and father walking towards her, with big grins on their faces. They walked right up to Milly, and spoke loudly to be heard over the buzzing. “Where are you going, my little beekeeper?” Her dad’s voice cut through the buzz. Milly just looked up at him, and over at her mom. She responded with her eyes, though blinking rapidly, those big green eyes conveyed a desire to her parents that they understood.\n\nThe two parents looked at each other and sighed, then looked back down at their daughter. “So, what are we supposed to do, get a nice box or jar for the queen?” Milly nodded, and headed through the gate to their backyard. Milly’s parents followed, along with her brother, and the Jackson’s, though Roscoe stayed wearily at the back of the group. Milly’s mother disappeared into their shed and emerged a few seconds later with a small box that had a lid with a very fine mesh. A temporary home for a queen.\n\nThe box was placed on the patio table and the group gathered around. Milly reached out and placed the queen in the box and stepped back. As she stepped away, the bees started to lift off of her, buzzing in the air, waiting to pick up the new signal of the queen’s location. Then one by one, they found her, and rapidly flew towards the box, covering the table in seconds.\n\nMilly let out a deep breath and looked at her friends and family. She dropped the hand from over her mouth, and helped a few bees that were stuck in her hair find their way out. She had the biggest smile on her face, like only a happy 6 year old can have, and she asked, “Who likes honey?”",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Write a short story about a little girl that saves her neighbors home from a bee infestation. |
summarization | [
{
"content": "Schönbrunn Palace (German: Schloss Schönbrunn [ˈʃlɔs ʃøːnˈbʁʊn] (listen); Central Bavarian: Schloss Scheenbrunn) was the main summer residence of the Habsburg rulers, located in Hietzing, Vienna. The name Schönbrunn (meaning \"beautiful spring\") has its roots in an artesian well from which water was consumed by the court.\n\nThe 1,441-room Rococo palace is one of the most important architectural, cultural, and historic monuments in the country. The history of the palace and its vast gardens spans over 300 years, reflecting the changing tastes, interests, and aspirations of successive Habsburg monarchs. It has been a major tourist attraction since the mid-1950s. Tell me about the Schoenbrunn Palace",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Schoenbrunn Palace was the main summer residence of the Habsburg rulers, located in Hietzing, Vienna. The name Schoenbrunn (meaning \"beautiful spring\") has its roots in an artesian well from which water was consumed by the court.\n\nThe 1,441-room Rococo palace is one of the most important architectural, cultural, and historic monuments in the country.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Schönbrunn Palace (German: Schloss Schönbrunn [ˈʃlɔs ʃøːnˈbʁʊn] (listen); Central Bavarian: Schloss Scheenbrunn) was the main summer residence of the Habsburg rulers, located in Hietzing, Vienna. The name Schönbrunn (meaning "beautiful spring") has its roots in an artesian well from which water was consumed by the court.
The 1,441-room Rococo palace is one of the most important architectural, cultural, and historic monuments in the country. The history of the palace and its vast gardens spans over 300 years, reflecting the changing tastes, interests, and aspirations of successive Habsburg monarchs. It has been a major tourist attraction since the mid-1950s. Tell me about the Schoenbrunn Palace |
general_qa | [
{
"content": "Behind Delta tables is the data stored in Parquet file formats?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Yes, they are parquet. Delta API is a protocol and the layer manages the individual parquet files as if they were a larger table. If BQ can consume from the Delta protocol it could work but I would not suggest reading the files inside of a Delta table as just a parquet table - there would likely be too many stale files",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Behind Delta tables is the data stored in Parquet file formats? |
general_qa | [
{
"content": "What is an operating model for AI?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "It refers to the processes put in place to work with AI, from use case definition, to development to deployment and operation. Ultimately the objective of an operating model for AI is to streamline the value generation process from data to business results. Developing AI applications is a highly iterative process and generally strives in an agile environment. However, organisations operate in a wide variety of contexts and come in many different shapes and sizes, hence it makes sense that there is no universal operating model for AI that fits everywhere. Regulatory requirements, data and resource availability and many other factors will play a role in determining the right operating model. \n\nIt is important then, to have a platform that is able to scale with the organisation as more use cases and users enter the pipeline, as more models are deployed and as more of the business is enhanced by data and AI. The services that underpin the operating model need to be flexible while at the same time ensuring that security and explainability permeate every step of the process.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| What is an operating model for AI? |
brainstorming | [
{
"content": "What's the best for indoor plant?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "1. Give less water only as much needed, do not over water it\n2. Keep it in indirect sunlight at least for 2 hours a day",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| What's the best for indoor plant? |
general_qa | [
{
"content": "What causes ocean tides?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Tides are very long waves moving across the ocean and are caused by the gravitational forces exerted on the earth by the moon. When the highest point in the long-period wave reaches a shoreline the area experiences high tide. When the lowest point of the wave, the trough, reaches shore the area experiences low tide. The earth is mostly water and the water \"points\" at the moon, the parts of the Earth experiencing high tide is the water drawing towards the moon. The \"pointing\" water that faces the moon is formed because the gravitational pull of the moon is strongest on whichever side of the Earth faces it. Gravity pulls the ocean towards the moon and high tide occurs.\n\nThe bulge on the far side of the Earth is caused by inertia. The water moving away from the moon resists the gravitational forces that attempt to pull it in the opposite direction. Because the gravitational pull of the moon is weaker on the far side of the Earth, inertia wins, the ocean bulges out and high tide occurs. As the Earth spins, different areas of the planet face the moon, and this rotation causes the tides to cycle around the planet.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| What causes ocean tides? |
brainstorming | [
{
"content": "5 ways to increase stamina",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Combine strength and cardio sessions\nChoose exercises that uses lots of muscle activity\nStay hydrated and increase water intake\nManage your rest time \nNutrition is key include healthy proteins and good fats",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| 5 ways to increase stamina |
creative_writing | [
{
"content": "write a story about the first contact of Alien would be",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The first contact with Alien will be a big event that the entire earth would remember for generations. the first thing that will determine the nature of this first contact depends who get to who first. Alien arrived to earth, or human discovered another planet with other civilisation. it is high likely that in either way, the first contact will be between robots of the more advanced civilisation and the the people of the less advanced civilisation. this is due to the fact that the high advanced civilization tends to explore other worlds using their robots first.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| write a story about the first contact of Alien would be |
classification | [
{
"content": "Which cities in China are self-governing cities? Beijing, Shanghai, Changsha, Shenzhen",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The self-governing cities of the People's Republic of China are provincial-level administrative units. They are not provinces, but have the same rank as provinces and autonomous regions and report directly to the central government of the People's Republic of China.\n\nThere are four self-government cities in China. These are:\n\nBeijing , the capital of China;\nTianjin , a port city 120 km south-east of Beijing;\nChongqing , by far the largest in terms of area - and thus also the largest in terms of population - of the four cities whose administrative area used to form the eastern seventh of Sichuan Province ;\nShanghai , the economic and financial metropolis at the mouth of the Yangtze River .\n\nSo only Beijing and Shanghai are the self-governing cities in your question.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Which cities in China are self-governing cities? Beijing, Shanghai, Changsha, Shenzhen |
summarization | [
{
"content": "Human rights groups have criticized LIV Golf as sportswashing, a political strategy by Saudi Arabia to cleanse its repressive global image through sport. Human Rights Watch, for example, called the Saudi endeavor \"an effort to distract from its serious human rights abuses by taking over events that celebrate human achievement\".\n\nGreg Norman has been accused of aiding the repressive Saudi government for his own financial gain. In 2021, Norman denied that he was being used for sportswashing and said he works for LIV because of his passion for the sport. Later, in May 2022, Norman defended the involvement of Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman with Jamal Khashoggi's murder, saying, \"Look, we've all made mistakes, and you just want to learn from those mistakes and how you can correct them going forward.\" His statement drew extensive criticism. Khashoggi's fiancée, Hatice Cengiz, said it was hurtful that \"Jamal's brutal killing is brushed off as a 'mistake' and that we should just move on\".\n\nOn 22 June 2022, a group of nearly 2,500 survivors of family members killed or injured during the September 11 attacks wrote an open letter to golfers who have remained loyal to the PGA Tour thanking them for not defecting to LIV Golf. The letter read in part, \"Thank you for standing up for decency. Thank you for standing up for the 9/11 Families. Thank you for resisting the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia's efforts to cleanse its reputation by buying off professional athletes...To those of you who have chosen what is right over blood money from a corrupt, destructive sports entity and its Saudi backers, please continue to stand strong.\" On 17 July 2022, a group of September 11 victims' family members condemned former U.S. President Donald Trump for hosting the LIV Golf tour at his Trump National Golf Club in Bedminster, New Jersey; the group's letter to Trump noted that he himself had blamed Saudi Arabia for the 9/11 attack during a 2016 interview on Fox News.\n\nTiger Woods, who turned down an offer of $700 million to $800 million to join LIV Golf, was asked in July 2022 about the golfers who had joined. \"I disagree with it. I think that what they've done is they've turned their back on what has allowed them to get to this position,\" Woods said at a press conference before the 2022 Open Championship. \"I know what the PGA Tour stands for and what we have done and what the tour has given us, the ability to chase after our careers and to earn what we get and the trophies we have been able to play for and the history that has been a part of this game.\" Provide a brief summary of the reaction to the creation of LIV Golf",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Overall, the reaction to the creation of the LIV Golf has been negative. For example, human rights groups have criticized LIV Golf as sportswashing, a group of 2500 survivors of family members killed during the September 11 attacks wrote a letter to golfers who stayed with the PGA Tour thanking them staying, and Tiger Woods said he thinks that the players who went to LIV Golf turned their back on what has allowed them to get to this position.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Human rights groups have criticized LIV Golf as sportswashing, a political strategy by Saudi Arabia to cleanse its repressive global image through sport. Human Rights Watch, for example, called the Saudi endeavor "an effort to distract from its serious human rights abuses by taking over events that celebrate human achievement".
Greg Norman has been accused of aiding the repressive Saudi government for his own financial gain. In 2021, Norman denied that he was being used for sportswashing and said he works for LIV because of his passion for the sport. Later, in May 2022, Norman defended the involvement of Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman with Jamal Khashoggi's murder, saying, "Look, we've all made mistakes, and you just want to learn from those mistakes and how you can correct them going forward." His statement drew extensive criticism. Khashoggi's fiancée, Hatice Cengiz, said it was hurtful that "Jamal's brutal killing is brushed off as a 'mistake' and that we should just move on".
On 22 June 2022, a group of nearly 2,500 survivors of family members killed or injured during the September 11 attacks wrote an open letter to golfers who have remained loyal to the PGA Tour thanking them for not defecting to LIV Golf. The letter read in part, "Thank you for standing up for decency. Thank you for standing up for the 9/11 Families. Thank you for resisting the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia's efforts to cleanse its reputation by buying off professional athletes...To those of you who have chosen what is right over blood money from a corrupt, destructive sports entity and its Saudi backers, please continue to stand strong." On 17 July 2022, a group of September 11 victims' family members condemned former U.S. President Donald Trump for hosting the LIV Golf tour at his Trump National Golf Club in Bedminster, New Jersey; the group's letter to Trump noted that he himself had blamed Saudi Arabia for the 9/11 attack during a 2016 interview on Fox News.
Tiger Woods, who turned down an offer of $700 million to $800 million to join LIV Golf, was asked in July 2022 about the golfers who had joined. "I disagree with it. I think that what they've done is they've turned their back on what has allowed them to get to this position," Woods said at a press conference before the 2022 Open Championship. "I know what the PGA Tour stands for and what we have done and what the tour has given us, the ability to chase after our careers and to earn what we get and the trophies we have been able to play for and the history that has been a part of this game." Provide a brief summary of the reaction to the creation of LIV Golf |
summarization | [
{
"content": "The standard Gibbs free energy of formation (Gf°) of a compound is the change of Gibbs free energy that accompanies the formation of 1 mole of a substance in its standard state from its constituent elements in their standard states (the most stable form of the element at 1 bar of pressure and the specified temperature, usually 298.15 K or 25 °C).\n\nThe table below lists the standard Gibbs function of formation for several elements and chemical compounds and is taken from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry. Note that all values are in kJ/mol. Far more extensive tables can be found in the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics and the NIST JANAF tables. The NIST Chemistry WebBook (see link below) is an online resource that contains standard enthalpy of formation for various compounds along with the standard absolute entropy for these compounds from which the standard Gibbs free energy of formation can be calculated. What is the standard Gibbs free energy",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The standard Gibbs free energy of formation (Gf°) of a compound is the change of Gibbs free energy that accompanies the formation of 1 mole of a substance in its standard state from its constituent elements in their standard states (the most stable form of the element at 1 bar of pressure and the specified temperature, usually 298.15 K or 25 °C).",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| The standard Gibbs free energy of formation (Gf°) of a compound is the change of Gibbs free energy that accompanies the formation of 1 mole of a substance in its standard state from its constituent elements in their standard states (the most stable form of the element at 1 bar of pressure and the specified temperature, usually 298.15 K or 25 °C).
The table below lists the standard Gibbs function of formation for several elements and chemical compounds and is taken from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry. Note that all values are in kJ/mol. Far more extensive tables can be found in the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics and the NIST JANAF tables. The NIST Chemistry WebBook (see link below) is an online resource that contains standard enthalpy of formation for various compounds along with the standard absolute entropy for these compounds from which the standard Gibbs free energy of formation can be calculated. What is the standard Gibbs free energy |
classification | [
{
"content": "Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Velociraptor, Pacific Salmon",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Velociraptor is extinct, Pacific Salmon is alive.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Velociraptor, Pacific Salmon |
closed_qa | [
{
"content": "A glass ceiling is a metaphor usually applied to women, used to represent an invisible barrier that prevents a given demographic from rising beyond a certain level in a hierarchy. No matter how invisible the glass ceiling is expressed, it is actually a difficult obstacle to overcome. The metaphor was first used by feminists in reference to barriers in the careers of high-achieving women. It was coined by Marilyn Loden during a speech in 1978. In the United States, the concept is sometimes extended to refer to racial inequality in the United States. Minority women in white-majority countries often find the most difficulty in \"breaking the glass ceiling\" because they lie at the intersection of two historically marginalized groups: women and people of color. East Asian and East Asian American news outlets have coined the term \"bamboo ceiling\" to refer to the obstacles that all East Asian Americans face in advancing their careers. Similarly, a multitude of barriers that refugees and asylum seekers face in their search for meaningful employment is referred to as canvas ceiling. Surely, the glass ceiling only applies to politics. Corporate organizations are fine. Is that true?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "No, this is incorrect. The glass ceiling affects all facet of life with hierarchical structure, such as political and career advancements.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| A glass ceiling is a metaphor usually applied to women, used to represent an invisible barrier that prevents a given demographic from rising beyond a certain level in a hierarchy. No matter how invisible the glass ceiling is expressed, it is actually a difficult obstacle to overcome. The metaphor was first used by feminists in reference to barriers in the careers of high-achieving women. It was coined by Marilyn Loden during a speech in 1978. In the United States, the concept is sometimes extended to refer to racial inequality in the United States. Minority women in white-majority countries often find the most difficulty in "breaking the glass ceiling" because they lie at the intersection of two historically marginalized groups: women and people of color. East Asian and East Asian American news outlets have coined the term "bamboo ceiling" to refer to the obstacles that all East Asian Americans face in advancing their careers. Similarly, a multitude of barriers that refugees and asylum seekers face in their search for meaningful employment is referred to as canvas ceiling. Surely, the glass ceiling only applies to politics. Corporate organizations are fine. Is that true? |
open_qa | [
{
"content": "Who are some famous classical composers?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Some well known classical composers are Mozart, Bach and Beethoven",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Who are some famous classical composers? |
closed_qa | [
{
"content": "Aloy (Ashly Burch) is cast out from the Nora tribe at birth and raised by a fellow outcast named Rost (JB Blanc). As a child (Ava Potter), Aloy obtains a Focus, an augmented reality device that gives her special perceptive abilities. Aloy becomes curious about her origins and is told by Rost that if she wins the Proving, a competition to earn the right to become a member of the Nora, the tribe's Matriarchs might concede this information. Aloy spends some years training in combat and survival under Rost's instruction. After coming of age, Aloy participates in the Proving; she wins the competition, but masked cultists attack the Nora. Rost sacrifices himself to save Aloy from their leader, Helis (Crispin Freeman). When Aloy awakens, the Matriarchs explain that Aloy was found as an infant before a sealed door within the Nora's sacred mountain and that these suspicious origins were the reason for her being an outcast. The Matriarchs name Aloy a \"Seeker,\" allowing her to leave their lands in pursuit of the cultists. Aloy eventually learns that the cultists are part of a splinter Carja faction called the Eclipse and that Aloy was targeted due to her resemblance to an Old World scientist named Elisabet Sobeck (also voiced by Burch). Aloy locates the ruined corporate campus of Faro Automated Solutions and discovers that the Old World was destroyed nearly a thousand years ago after Faro lost control of its automated peacekeeper military robots. The robots, which could self-replicate and consume biomass, overran the planet and engulfed the biosphere, stripping Earth of life. Zero Dawn, a project spearheaded by Sobeck, was initiated to create an automated terraforming system to deactivate the robots and restore life to Earth. Based on the given passage tell me who masked cultists are?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The masked cultists attacked the Nora when Aloy won the proving competition. Their leader was named Helis. The cultists were part of a splinter Carja faction called the Eclipse and wanted to kill Aloy due to her resemblance to an Old World scientist named Elisabet Sobeck.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Aloy (Ashly Burch) is cast out from the Nora tribe at birth and raised by a fellow outcast named Rost (JB Blanc). As a child (Ava Potter), Aloy obtains a Focus, an augmented reality device that gives her special perceptive abilities. Aloy becomes curious about her origins and is told by Rost that if she wins the Proving, a competition to earn the right to become a member of the Nora, the tribe's Matriarchs might concede this information. Aloy spends some years training in combat and survival under Rost's instruction. After coming of age, Aloy participates in the Proving; she wins the competition, but masked cultists attack the Nora. Rost sacrifices himself to save Aloy from their leader, Helis (Crispin Freeman). When Aloy awakens, the Matriarchs explain that Aloy was found as an infant before a sealed door within the Nora's sacred mountain and that these suspicious origins were the reason for her being an outcast. The Matriarchs name Aloy a "Seeker," allowing her to leave their lands in pursuit of the cultists. Aloy eventually learns that the cultists are part of a splinter Carja faction called the Eclipse and that Aloy was targeted due to her resemblance to an Old World scientist named Elisabet Sobeck (also voiced by Burch). Aloy locates the ruined corporate campus of Faro Automated Solutions and discovers that the Old World was destroyed nearly a thousand years ago after Faro lost control of its automated peacekeeper military robots. The robots, which could self-replicate and consume biomass, overran the planet and engulfed the biosphere, stripping Earth of life. Zero Dawn, a project spearheaded by Sobeck, was initiated to create an automated terraforming system to deactivate the robots and restore life to Earth. Based on the given passage tell me who masked cultists are? |
classification | [
{
"content": "Which of these actions should we do and not to do in case of security incidents? deleting forensic artefacts, hiding the security incident, informing the security team.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "In case of security incidents, first you need to inform the security team. It is important to not delete any forensic artefacts or files so the security team can check what has happened. Hiding the security incident can have serious consequences for the company and should not be done.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Which of these actions should we do and not to do in case of security incidents? deleting forensic artefacts, hiding the security incident, informing the security team. |
general_qa | [
{
"content": "What is a subprocessor for purposes of data privacy laws?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Under a variety of data privacy laws (including the EU GDPR, the UK GDPR, and the Swiss equivalent), companies that are given personal data directly by consumers are typically known as \"controllers\" of personal data. When a controller engages a third party (such as a SaaS service) to help the controller provide its services, that third party is a \"processor\" it processes personal data at the controller's instruction. If a processor then similarly engages third parties to assist it in providing its services to the controller, then each of those third parties is a \"subprocessor.\" Not every third party that is involved in assisting the controller in providing its services is a \"processor\" or \"subprocessor.\" Processors and subprocessors are typically only defined with respect to personal data being processed.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| What is a subprocessor for purposes of data privacy laws? |
brainstorming | [
{
"content": "What are some examples of countries to visit for an amazing culinary experience?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Italy, India, Peru, Japan, Singapore, Thailand, Spain, Vietnam and Portugal",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| What are some examples of countries to visit for an amazing culinary experience? |
classification | [
{
"content": "Which of these are computer video games: Path of Exile; Playstation; Xbox; Nintendo; Starcraft; Civilization",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Path of Exile; Civilization; Starcraft",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Which of these are computer video games: Path of Exile; Playstation; Xbox; Nintendo; Starcraft; Civilization |
creative_writing | [
{
"content": "Give a numbered list of instructions to set up a snowboard. The items I can use are a snowboard, snowboard bindings, a screwdriver, screws, and a measuring tape.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "1. Figure out your reference stance, or how far apart your feet will be when riding the snowboard. This should be a comfortable position that is generally a bit wider than shoulder-width.\n2. Using the measuring tape, measure the reference stance distance between the mounting holes of both feet. Start from the mounting holes in the center of each foot on the snowboard and expand out until the proper width is measured.\n3. Align your snowboard bindings on the identified mounting holes. You may first consider adjusting the angle of your snowboard bindings, this can be done by rotating the baseplate of the binding.\n4. Using the screwdriver and screws, screw in the snowboard bindings at the chosen angle and at the chosen mounting position. Make sure the bindings are tight.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Give a numbered list of instructions to set up a snowboard. The items I can use are a snowboard, snowboard bindings, a screwdriver, screws, and a measuring tape. |
closed_qa | [
{
"content": "The black swan theory or theory of black swan events is a metaphor that describes an event that comes as a surprise, has a major effect, and is often inappropriately rationalized after the fact with the benefit of hindsight. The term is based on an ancient saying that presumed black swans did not exist – a saying that became reinterpreted to teach a different lesson after they were discovered in Australia.\n\nThe theory was developed by Nassim Nicholas Taleb, starting in 2001, to explain:\n\n1. The disproportionate role of high-profile, hard-to-predict, and rare events that are beyond the realm of normal expectations in history, science, finance, and technology.\n2. The non-computability of the probability of consequential rare events using scientific methods (owing to the very nature of small probabilities).\n3. The psychological biases that blind people, both individually and collectively, to uncertainty and the substantial role of rare events in historical affairs.\n\nTaleb's \"black swan theory\" refers only to unexpected events of large magnitude and consequence and their dominant role in history. Such events, considered extreme outliers, collectively play vastly larger roles than regular occurrences. More technically, in the scientific monograph \"Silent Risk\", Taleb mathematically defines the black swan problem as \"stemming from the use of degenerate metaprobability\". Who developed the Black Swan theory?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The black Swan Theory was developed by Nassim Nicholas Taleb in 2001.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| The black swan theory or theory of black swan events is a metaphor that describes an event that comes as a surprise, has a major effect, and is often inappropriately rationalized after the fact with the benefit of hindsight. The term is based on an ancient saying that presumed black swans did not exist – a saying that became reinterpreted to teach a different lesson after they were discovered in Australia.
The theory was developed by Nassim Nicholas Taleb, starting in 2001, to explain:
1. The disproportionate role of high-profile, hard-to-predict, and rare events that are beyond the realm of normal expectations in history, science, finance, and technology.
2. The non-computability of the probability of consequential rare events using scientific methods (owing to the very nature of small probabilities).
3. The psychological biases that blind people, both individually and collectively, to uncertainty and the substantial role of rare events in historical affairs.
Taleb's "black swan theory" refers only to unexpected events of large magnitude and consequence and their dominant role in history. Such events, considered extreme outliers, collectively play vastly larger roles than regular occurrences. More technically, in the scientific monograph "Silent Risk", Taleb mathematically defines the black swan problem as "stemming from the use of degenerate metaprobability". Who developed the Black Swan theory? |
open_qa | [
{
"content": "What is castling in chess?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Castling is a unique move that can be used to protect the king and develop a rook at the same time. It is the only move in chess where two pieces can move at the same time. During castling, the king moves two steps to its right or left and the rook moves across the king and goes to the position next to the king. Castling can be done only when the following two conditions are satisfied. First, there must not be any other pieces in between the king and the rook. Second, the king and the rook must not have been moved before.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| What is castling in chess? |
brainstorming | [
{
"content": "Can you share a response of politely informing the customer that we dont support a feature",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Yes, we understand that we don't support that feature and apologize for the inconvenience. We will take your feedback into consideration and look into alternative options.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Can you share a response of politely informing the customer that we dont support a feature |
classification | [
{
"content": "Tell me which sport of ice hockey or baseball these positions belong: outfielder, pitcher, left winger, forward, right fielder, goalie, catcher, third baseman, left defenseman",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Ice Hockey Positions: left winger, forward, goalie, left defenseman\nBaseball Positions: outfielder, pitcher, right fielder, catcher, third baseman",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Tell me which sport of ice hockey or baseball these positions belong: outfielder, pitcher, left winger, forward, right fielder, goalie, catcher, third baseman, left defenseman |
classification | [
{
"content": "Identify which instrument is string or woodwind: Tambura, Tubax",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Tubax is woodwind, Tambura is string.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Identify which instrument is string or woodwind: Tambura, Tubax |
summarization | [
{
"content": "Machado managed to rise in his bureaucratic career, first in the Agriculture Department. Three years later, he became the head of a section in it. He published two poetry books: Falenas, in 1870, and Americanas, in 1875. Their weak reception made him explore other literary genres.\n\nHe wrote five romantic novels: Ressurreição, A Mão e a Luva, Helena and Iaiá Garcia. The books were a success with the public, but literary critics considered them mediocre. Machado suffered repeated attacks of epilepsy, apparently related to hearing of the death of his old friend José de Alencar. He was left melancholic, pessimistic and fixed on death. His next book, marked by \"a skeptical and realistic tone\": Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas (Posthumous Memoirs of Brás Cubas, also translated as Epitaph of a Small Winner), is widely considered a masterpiece. By the end of the 1880s, Machado had gained wide renown as a writer.\n\nAlthough he was opposed to slavery, he never spoke against it in public. He avoided discussing politics. He was criticized by the abolitionist José do Patrocínio and by the writer Lima Barreto for staying away from politics, especially the cause of abolition. He was also criticized by them for having married a white woman. Machado was caught by surprise with the monarchy overthrown on 15 November 1889. Machado had no sympathy towards republicanism, as he considered himself a liberal monarchist and venerated Pedro II, whom he perceived as \"a humble, honest, well-learned and patriotic man, who knew how to make of a throne a chair [for his simplicity], without diminishing its greatness and respect.\" When a commission went to the public office where he worked to remove the picture of the former emperor, the shy Machado defied them: \"The picture got in here by an order and it shall leave only by another order.\"\n\nThe birth of the Brazilian republic made Machado become more critical and an observer of the Brazilian society of his time. From then on, he wrote \"not only the greatest novels of his time, but the greatest of all time of Brazilian literature.\" Works such as Quincas Borba (Philosopher or Dog?) (1891), Dom Casmurro (1899), Esaú e Jacó (1904) and Memorial de Aires (1908), considered masterpieces, were successes with both critics and the public. In 1893 he published \"A Missa do Galo\" (\"Midnight Mass\"), considered his greatest short story. Give me the best books wrote by Machado de Assis",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas, Quincas Borba, Dom Casmurro, Esaú e Jacó, Memorial de Aires and A Missa do Galo",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Machado managed to rise in his bureaucratic career, first in the Agriculture Department. Three years later, he became the head of a section in it. He published two poetry books: Falenas, in 1870, and Americanas, in 1875. Their weak reception made him explore other literary genres.
He wrote five romantic novels: Ressurreição, A Mão e a Luva, Helena and Iaiá Garcia. The books were a success with the public, but literary critics considered them mediocre. Machado suffered repeated attacks of epilepsy, apparently related to hearing of the death of his old friend José de Alencar. He was left melancholic, pessimistic and fixed on death. His next book, marked by "a skeptical and realistic tone": Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas (Posthumous Memoirs of Brás Cubas, also translated as Epitaph of a Small Winner), is widely considered a masterpiece. By the end of the 1880s, Machado had gained wide renown as a writer.
Although he was opposed to slavery, he never spoke against it in public. He avoided discussing politics. He was criticized by the abolitionist José do Patrocínio and by the writer Lima Barreto for staying away from politics, especially the cause of abolition. He was also criticized by them for having married a white woman. Machado was caught by surprise with the monarchy overthrown on 15 November 1889. Machado had no sympathy towards republicanism, as he considered himself a liberal monarchist and venerated Pedro II, whom he perceived as "a humble, honest, well-learned and patriotic man, who knew how to make of a throne a chair [for his simplicity], without diminishing its greatness and respect." When a commission went to the public office where he worked to remove the picture of the former emperor, the shy Machado defied them: "The picture got in here by an order and it shall leave only by another order."
The birth of the Brazilian republic made Machado become more critical and an observer of the Brazilian society of his time. From then on, he wrote "not only the greatest novels of his time, but the greatest of all time of Brazilian literature." Works such as Quincas Borba (Philosopher or Dog?) (1891), Dom Casmurro (1899), Esaú e Jacó (1904) and Memorial de Aires (1908), considered masterpieces, were successes with both critics and the public. In 1893 he published "A Missa do Galo" ("Midnight Mass"), considered his greatest short story. Give me the best books wrote by Machado de Assis |
classification | [
{
"content": "Which of these forms of Bay Area transit are AC Transit bus lines and which are trains: Caltrain, BART, 51B, 36, 51A, 79, VTA Light Rail.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The trains are the Caltrain, BART, and VTA Light Rail, and the bus lines are the 51B, 36, 51A, and 79.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Which of these forms of Bay Area transit are AC Transit bus lines and which are trains: Caltrain, BART, 51B, 36, 51A, 79, VTA Light Rail. |
creative_writing | [
{
"content": "What Peloton instructor should I take a cycling class with for the following moods and why? Happy, Sad, Angry, Unmotivated",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "There are 48 Peloton instructors who teach a variety of classes including: strength, tread, cycling, yoga, boxing, rowing, running, stretching, meditation, cardio, pilates, barre, and bootcamp. They have both male and female instructors representing a variety of body types. The classes are high energy in nature and feature music from todays hits, genres, decades, and more. There are classes on the platform in the following languages: German, Spanish, and English. There is a workout set to a musical playlist for every type of athlete on the Peloton platform. They have four types of intensity levels for classes: beginner, intermediate, advanced, and all levels. As a rule of thumb, all instructors teach classes across all levels. The classes vary in length from 5 minutes to 60+ minutes long. The most popular class lengths are 10, 20, and 30 minute long classes. Many instructors on the Peloton platform have a large following on social media. Devout fans often delineate their fandom by displaying the instructor's fan hashtag within the Peloton app. An athlete looking to take a class when feeling unmotivated should take a class with the instructor Robin Arzon, she's a no none-sense instructor who will motivate you from your core, you'll often find latino beats and hip hop music as the the themes in her playlists, which translate to a high energy environment pulling even the most unmotivated person into a workout. An athlete looking to take a class when sad should take a class with Christine D'Ercole. Her reflection ride classes might bring out a cry if you're feeling sad, but she leaves space for you to feel all your feelings and work through them with soothing tunes and motion. An athlete looking to take a class when they are angry should take a class with Kendal Toole. Kendal's class will help you channel that anger into an intense workout where you will be able to get all of the anger into the movements. Plus, she has an emotions themed class on anger. For an athlete looking to take a class when happy they should take a class with Callie Gullickson, her happy go lucky personality and goofy jokes will keep the good mood going. She's known for pop playlists with upbeat tunes. She loves Trader Joes and often makes references to it in her workout classes.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| What Peloton instructor should I take a cycling class with for the following moods and why? Happy, Sad, Angry, Unmotivated |
brainstorming | [
{
"content": "Can you suggest other house hold items that can be used instead of a hammer ?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "- Cast iron pan\n- Steel toed boots\n- metal rods\n- Tire iron",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Can you suggest other house hold items that can be used instead of a hammer ? |
open_qa | [
{
"content": "What are the official languages of Canada?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The official languages of Canada are English and French.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| What are the official languages of Canada? |
general_qa | [
{
"content": "Why do people watch the English Premier League more than any other soccer league in the world?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The English Premier League, which I've been watching for the past 20 years, is one of the fastest and most entertaining leagues in international football. \n\nThe Premier League provides us with a full dose of excitement and the most physical league in the world. The rules for fouls aren't as strict as they are in other leagues, which leads to more physicality and allows for more tackles, rougher games, and a huge variation in footballing styles amongst the teams.\n\nCompare this with other leagues in Europe, and you'll see that the teams are far more technical and tactical. Any Premier League match you watch, you'll have some kind of action.\n\nAnother advantage of watching the Premier League is that unlike, say, La Liga or the Bundesliga, there aren't just two teams dominating the whole league, there are at least 6 teams in the EPL vying for 4 Champions League spots, which is a lot of competition. Games tend to be more brutal for this reason.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Why do people watch the English Premier League more than any other soccer league in the world? |
open_qa | [
{
"content": "Name some of the bravolebrities from The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Crystal Kung Minkoff, Dorit Kemsley, Erika Jayne, Lisa Rinna, Garcelle Beauvais, Kyle Richards, Sutton Stracke and Kathy Hilton",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Name some of the bravolebrities from The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills |
classification | [
{
"content": "Which of the following animals is a marsupial: kangaroo, zebra, or elephant?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Of the animals listed, kangaroo is the only marsupial.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Which of the following animals is a marsupial: kangaroo, zebra, or elephant? |
closed_qa | [
{
"content": "The electrolytic detector, or liquid barretter, was a type of detector (demodulator) used in early radio receivers. First used by Canadian radio researcher Reginald Fessenden in 1903, it was used until about 1913, after which it was superseded by crystal detectors and vacuum tube detectors such as the Fleming valve and Audion (triode). It was considered very sensitive and reliable compared to other detectors available at the time such as the magnetic detector and the coherer. It was one of the first rectifying detectors, able to receive AM (sound) transmissions. On December 24, 1906, US Naval ships with radio receivers equipped with Fessenden's electrolytic detectors received the first AM radio broadcast from Fessenden's Brant Rock, Massachusetts transmitter, consisting of a program of Christmas music. Given a reference text about the electrolytic detector, when was it replaced and what replaced it?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The electrolytic detector was replaced around 1913 by crystal and vacuum tube detectors.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| The electrolytic detector, or liquid barretter, was a type of detector (demodulator) used in early radio receivers. First used by Canadian radio researcher Reginald Fessenden in 1903, it was used until about 1913, after which it was superseded by crystal detectors and vacuum tube detectors such as the Fleming valve and Audion (triode). It was considered very sensitive and reliable compared to other detectors available at the time such as the magnetic detector and the coherer. It was one of the first rectifying detectors, able to receive AM (sound) transmissions. On December 24, 1906, US Naval ships with radio receivers equipped with Fessenden's electrolytic detectors received the first AM radio broadcast from Fessenden's Brant Rock, Massachusetts transmitter, consisting of a program of Christmas music. Given a reference text about the electrolytic detector, when was it replaced and what replaced it? |
classification | [
{
"content": "Classify each of these as team sports, individual sports, or neither: soccer, tennis, swimming, lacrosse, golf, checkers, potatoes.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Soccer is a team sport. It is played with 11 players on each side that must work together and cooperate to try to score goals against the opposing team. The team that scores more goals during regulation time wins the game. A typical score would be 2-0. Each player will hold a different position (offense, mid-field, defense, etc.) where they must work together to move the soccer ball up the field and score into the goal. The team must also defend against the other team scoring.\n\nTennis is usually and individual sport. Tennis is also played in pairs called doubles. A single person or a team of doubles will face off against another solo player or pair. They play games that add up to matches, and whoever wins 6 games in a match wins the match. Ties can lead to tiebreakers.\n\nSwimming is usually a individual sport. Swimmers compete against other swimmers. The swimmer who gets the fastest time in a heat wins. There are also relay swim events where once one swimmer completes their task, another swimmer begins. The team of swimmers time is finished once all of the swimmers have completed their swims. The team with the lowest total time wins.\n\nLacrosse is a team sport. Similar to soccer, each player plays their own position and must work together to pass the ball and shoot and score. The team with the most points wins.\n\nGolf is an individual sport usually. But often played in a foursome.\n\nCheckers is not considered a sport. There is no real physical activity that is required in the game. But it is a solo game that one plays without a team.\n\nPotatoes are not a sport or game. They are a vegetable.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Classify each of these as team sports, individual sports, or neither: soccer, tennis, swimming, lacrosse, golf, checkers, potatoes. |
closed_qa | [
{
"content": "Kalis Ilustrisimo is a style of Eskrima founded by Antonio \"Tatang\" Ilustrisimo.\n\nKalis Ilustrisimo means \"The Bladed Art of Ilustrisimo\": calis (or caris) being another term for sword, blade and knife in Luzon and the Visayas and its usage as esgrimir and esgrima (Spanish for fencing/sword fighting) as defined in Spanish-era Ilocano, Pampango, Tagalog, Bicolano, Ilonggo, Waray & Cebuano dictionary/vocabulary recordings dating back to 1512, as the art of Tatang is more blade-oriented than stick-oriented. What is Kalis Illustrisimo?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Kalis Ilustrisimo is a style of Filipino martial arts founded by Antonio Tatang Ilustrisimo that focuses more on the use of blades than sticks.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Kalis Ilustrisimo is a style of Eskrima founded by Antonio "Tatang" Ilustrisimo.
Kalis Ilustrisimo means "The Bladed Art of Ilustrisimo": calis (or caris) being another term for sword, blade and knife in Luzon and the Visayas and its usage as esgrimir and esgrima (Spanish for fencing/sword fighting) as defined in Spanish-era Ilocano, Pampango, Tagalog, Bicolano, Ilonggo, Waray & Cebuano dictionary/vocabulary recordings dating back to 1512, as the art of Tatang is more blade-oriented than stick-oriented. What is Kalis Illustrisimo? |
brainstorming | [
{
"content": "List the hyper-scale cloud companies.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Amazon Web Services (AWS, Microsoft Azure (Azure) and Google Cloud Platform (GCP) are the three hyper-scale cloud providers.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| List the hyper-scale cloud companies. |
open_qa | [
{
"content": "Which movie(s) inspired the 2019 DC comic movie Joker?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The movie Joker is heavily influenced by 1970-1980 Martin Scorsese movies such as the The King of Comedy and Taxi Driver, the former of which is one of Scorseses' least-known movies. The titular character, Joker, is also created based on studies of mentally-ill main characters from the above-mentioned movies, Rupert Pupkin and Travis Bickle. The lead actor of both Scorsese movies, Robert De Niro, even played a role in Joker to pay homage to Rupert Pupkin.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Which movie(s) inspired the 2019 DC comic movie Joker? |
brainstorming | [
{
"content": "Make a bullet list of 5 gifts you can give someone for Valentine's Day",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "- Chocolates\n- Bouquet of Roses\n- Stuffed animal\n- Heart shaped balloon\n- Personalized Card",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Make a bullet list of 5 gifts you can give someone for Valentine's Day |
classification | [
{
"content": "Identify which instrument is string or woodwind: Koto, Soprillo",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Koto is string, Soprillo is woodwind.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Identify which instrument is string or woodwind: Koto, Soprillo |
general_qa | [
{
"content": "Why do the San Francisco 49ers play in Santa Clara, California?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The San Francisco 49ers originally played at Kezar Stadium in San Francisco before moving to Candlestick Park in 1971. When negotiations to build a new stadium fell apart they worked with the city of Santa Clara to build a new stadium which was located next to their training facilities. Because of brand recognition and close proximity, the decision was made to keep the name, San Francisco 49ers.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Why do the San Francisco 49ers play in Santa Clara, California? |
open_qa | [
{
"content": "Name some TV shows that American actress Gillian Anderson has been in.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The X-Files, The Crown, Sex Education, Hannibal, The Fall, The First Lady, The Great",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Name some TV shows that American actress Gillian Anderson has been in. |
open_qa | [
{
"content": "What is the difference between an adverb and adjective?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "An adjective describes an item, whereas an adverb modifies a verb",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| What is the difference between an adverb and adjective? |
closed_qa | [
{
"content": "Selena Marie Gomez was born on July 22, 1992, in Grand Prairie, Texas, to Ricardo Joel Gomez and Texas-born former stage actress Mandy Teefey. She was named after Tejano singer Selena Quintanilla, who died in 1995. Her father is of Mexican descent, while her mother, who was adopted, has Italian ancestry. Gomez's paternal grandparents emigrated to Texas from Monterrey in the 1970s. Of her heritage, Gomez has said she is \"a proud third-generation American-Mexican\" and \"My family does have quinceañeras, and we go to the communion church. We do everything that's Catholic, but we don't really have anything traditional except go to the park and have barbecues on Sundays after church.\" Gomez was fluent in Spanish until age seven. Her parents divorced when she was five years old, and she remained with her mother. Gomez has two younger half-sisters and a younger stepbrother: Gracie Elliot Teefey, through Mandy and her second husband, Brian Teefey, and Victoria \"Tori\" and Marcus Gomez, through Ricardo and his second wife, Sara. She earned her high-school diploma through homeschooling in May 2010. Given this paragraph about Selena Gomez, how many siblings does she have?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Selena has 2 half-sisters and 1 stepbrother.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Selena Marie Gomez was born on July 22, 1992, in Grand Prairie, Texas, to Ricardo Joel Gomez and Texas-born former stage actress Mandy Teefey. She was named after Tejano singer Selena Quintanilla, who died in 1995. Her father is of Mexican descent, while her mother, who was adopted, has Italian ancestry. Gomez's paternal grandparents emigrated to Texas from Monterrey in the 1970s. Of her heritage, Gomez has said she is "a proud third-generation American-Mexican" and "My family does have quinceañeras, and we go to the communion church. We do everything that's Catholic, but we don't really have anything traditional except go to the park and have barbecues on Sundays after church." Gomez was fluent in Spanish until age seven. Her parents divorced when she was five years old, and she remained with her mother. Gomez has two younger half-sisters and a younger stepbrother: Gracie Elliot Teefey, through Mandy and her second husband, Brian Teefey, and Victoria "Tori" and Marcus Gomez, through Ricardo and his second wife, Sara. She earned her high-school diploma through homeschooling in May 2010. Given this paragraph about Selena Gomez, how many siblings does she have? |
information_extraction | [
{
"content": "In historical linguistics, transphonologization (also known as rephonologization or cheshirization, see below) is a type of sound change whereby a phonemic contrast that used to involve a certain feature X evolves in such a way that the contrast is preserved, yet becomes associated with a different feature Y. For what is known as Transphonologization?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "In historical linguistics, transphonologization (also known as rephonologization or cheshirization, see below) is a type of sound change whereby a phonemic contrast that used to involve a certain feature X evolves in such a way that the contrast is preserved, yet becomes associated with a different feature Y.\n\nFor example, a language contrasting two words */sat/ vs. */san/ may evolve historically so that final consonants are dropped, yet the modern language preserves the contrast through the nature of the vowel, as in a pair /sa/ vs. /sã/. Such a situation would be described by saying that a former contrast between oral and nasal consonants has been transphonologized into a contrast between oral and nasal vowels.\n\nThe term transphonologization was coined by André-Georges Haudricourt. The concept was defined and amply illustrated by Hagège & Haudricourt; it has been mentioned by several followers of panchronic phonology, and beyond.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| In historical linguistics, transphonologization (also known as rephonologization or cheshirization, see below) is a type of sound change whereby a phonemic contrast that used to involve a certain feature X evolves in such a way that the contrast is preserved, yet becomes associated with a different feature Y. For what is known as Transphonologization? |
brainstorming | [
{
"content": "Jing is a 46-year-old male. He is an insurance executive who is married with two children. Jing is active in his church and plays golf on the weekends. He went to see his cardiologist because he experienced recent fatigue with chest pain on exertion. He has never smoked but he consumes 1 to 2 alcoholic drinks per day. His medical history reveals a blood cholesterol level of 260 mg%, a triglyceride level of 198 mg% and an HDL-C value of 43 mg%. Considering his sex, age, symptoms, and risk factors, can you reason about the likelihood of Jing having coronary heart disease?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Considering his sex, Jing is male, and men are generally at greater risk of coronary artery disease. Age is also a risk factor, as getting older increases his risk of damaged arteries. Additionally, he has experienced angina, which can be a common symptom of coronary artery disease. He also has high cholesterol, and high triglyceride levels. He also consumes alcohol at high levels. All this in consideration, Jing has a good likelihood of having some degree of coronary heart disease.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Jing is a 46-year-old male. He is an insurance executive who is married with two children. Jing is active in his church and plays golf on the weekends. He went to see his cardiologist because he experienced recent fatigue with chest pain on exertion. He has never smoked but he consumes 1 to 2 alcoholic drinks per day. His medical history reveals a blood cholesterol level of 260 mg%, a triglyceride level of 198 mg% and an HDL-C value of 43 mg%. Considering his sex, age, symptoms, and risk factors, can you reason about the likelihood of Jing having coronary heart disease? |
closed_qa | [
{
"content": "The 1998–99 NBA season was the Hawks' 50th season in the National Basketball Association, and 31st season in Atlanta. On March 23, 1998, the owners of all 29 NBA teams voted 27–2 to reopen the league's collective bargaining agreement, seeking changes to the league's salary cap system, and a ceiling on individual player salaries. The National Basketball Players Association (NBPA) opposed to the owners' plan, and wanted raises for players who earned the league's minimum salary. After both sides failed to reach an agreement, the owners called for a lockout, which began on July 1, 1998, putting a hold on all team trades, free agent signings and training camp workouts, and cancelling many NBA regular season and preseason games. Due to the lockout, the NBA All-Star Game, which was scheduled to be played in Philadelphia on February 14, 1999, was also cancelled. However, on January 6, 1999, NBA commissioner David Stern, and NBPA director Billy Hunter finally reached an agreement to end the lockout. The deal was approved by both the players and owners, and was signed on January 20, ending the lockout after 204 days. The regular season began on February 5, and was cut short to just 50 games instead of the regular 82-game schedule Why was there a lockout during the 1998-1999 NBA season?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The players and owners failed to reach an agreement on salaries.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| The 1998–99 NBA season was the Hawks' 50th season in the National Basketball Association, and 31st season in Atlanta. On March 23, 1998, the owners of all 29 NBA teams voted 27–2 to reopen the league's collective bargaining agreement, seeking changes to the league's salary cap system, and a ceiling on individual player salaries. The National Basketball Players Association (NBPA) opposed to the owners' plan, and wanted raises for players who earned the league's minimum salary. After both sides failed to reach an agreement, the owners called for a lockout, which began on July 1, 1998, putting a hold on all team trades, free agent signings and training camp workouts, and cancelling many NBA regular season and preseason games. Due to the lockout, the NBA All-Star Game, which was scheduled to be played in Philadelphia on February 14, 1999, was also cancelled. However, on January 6, 1999, NBA commissioner David Stern, and NBPA director Billy Hunter finally reached an agreement to end the lockout. The deal was approved by both the players and owners, and was signed on January 20, ending the lockout after 204 days. The regular season began on February 5, and was cut short to just 50 games instead of the regular 82-game schedule Why was there a lockout during the 1998-1999 NBA season? |
closed_qa | [
{
"content": "The Basilica of Santa Maria della Sanità is a basilica church located over the Catacombs of San Gaudioso, on a Piazza near where Via Sanità meets Via Teresa degli Scalzi, in the Rione of the Sanità, in Naples, Italy. The church is also called San Vincenzo or San Vincenzo della Sanità, due to the cult of an icon of San Vincenzo Ferrer, also called locally O' Monacone (the big monk). Given the reference text below, what is the official name of the church San Vincenzo?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The church called San Vincenzo is officially known as the Basilica of Santa Maria della Sanità, located over the Catacombs of San Gaudioso.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| The Basilica of Santa Maria della Sanità is a basilica church located over the Catacombs of San Gaudioso, on a Piazza near where Via Sanità meets Via Teresa degli Scalzi, in the Rione of the Sanità, in Naples, Italy. The church is also called San Vincenzo or San Vincenzo della Sanità, due to the cult of an icon of San Vincenzo Ferrer, also called locally O' Monacone (the big monk). Given the reference text below, what is the official name of the church San Vincenzo? |
classification | [
{
"content": "what is yellow long fruit?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "banana",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| what is yellow long fruit? |
classification | [
{
"content": "Identify which animal is domesticated or wild: Mink, American alligator",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "American alligator is wild, Mink is domesticated.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Identify which animal is domesticated or wild: Mink, American alligator |
closed_qa | [
{
"content": "Nnedimma Nkemdili Okorafor was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1974 to Igbo Nigerian parents who travelled to America in 1969 to attend school but purportedly could not return to Nigeria due to the Nigerian Civil War. Okorafor is the third child in a family of four children and grew up in Chicago, Illinois, and would often travel to Nigeria to spend her holidays with her extended family. Her first name is Igbo for \"mother is good\". Is Nnedi Okorafor an American?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Yes, Nnedi Okorafor is an America, of Nigerian origin.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Nnedimma Nkemdili Okorafor was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1974 to Igbo Nigerian parents who travelled to America in 1969 to attend school but purportedly could not return to Nigeria due to the Nigerian Civil War. Okorafor is the third child in a family of four children and grew up in Chicago, Illinois, and would often travel to Nigeria to spend her holidays with her extended family. Her first name is Igbo for "mother is good". Is Nnedi Okorafor an American? |
closed_qa | [
{
"content": "The second series of Renminbi banknotes was introduced on March 1, 1955. Together with the introduction of the second series, the decimal point was moved 4 places to the left. As a result, one first series ¥10,000 note is equivalent to one second series ¥1 note. Though rarely used, coins of the 2nd series are still valid in the PRC, and the PBC also put new coins to the market. When was the second series of Renminbi banknotes introduced in China?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The second series of Renminbi banknotes was introduced on March 1, 1955.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| The second series of Renminbi banknotes was introduced on March 1, 1955. Together with the introduction of the second series, the decimal point was moved 4 places to the left. As a result, one first series ¥10,000 note is equivalent to one second series ¥1 note. Though rarely used, coins of the 2nd series are still valid in the PRC, and the PBC also put new coins to the market. When was the second series of Renminbi banknotes introduced in China? |
open_qa | [
{
"content": "How does the sun sustain life on earth?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The sun is what sustains life on earth. It provides the light needed for plants to grow through photosynthesis. It is a main source of Vitamin D for humans, and it is a source of energy we can capture on earth and convert into usable electricity through the use of solar panels. It is what causes weather and climate changes on the earth. Animals and plants are completely dependent on the sun because it creates the food we need to survive.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| How does the sun sustain life on earth? |
brainstorming | [
{
"content": "What's your favorite stars in the sky?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "My favorite star in the sky is Sirius, which is the brightest star at night. The star is designated α Canis Majoris and is 8.6 light years from the Earth. I won't tell you that I actually came from Sirius B which is already a white dwarf that orbits the Sirius A.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| What's your favorite stars in the sky? |
information_extraction | [
{
"content": "Five people have received two Nobel Prizes. Marie Curie received the Physics Prize in 1903 for her work on radioactivity and the Chemistry Prize in 1911 for the isolation of pure radium, making her the only person to be awarded a Nobel Prize in two different sciences. Linus Pauling was awarded the 1954 Chemistry Prize for his research into the chemical bond and its application to the structure of complex substances. Pauling was also awarded the Peace Prize in 1962 for his activism against nuclear weapons, making him the only laureate of two unshared prizes. John Bardeen received the Physics Prize twice: in 1956 for the invention of the transistor and in 1972 for the theory of superconductivity. Frederick Sanger received the prize twice in Chemistry: in 1958 for determining the structure of the insulin molecule and in 1980 for inventing a method of determining base sequences in DNA. Karl Barry Sharpless was awarded the 2001 Chemistry Prize for his research into chirally catalysed oxidation reactions, and the 2022 Chemistry Prize for click chemistry. Extract the names of the noble award winners, respective category and year in which they got from given text and list them using bullets in the format {Name} - {Category} - {Year}",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "•\tMarie Curie - Physics - 1903\n•\tMarie Curie - Chemistry - 1911\n•\tLinus Pauling - Chemistry - 1954\n•\tLinus Pauling - Peace - 1962\n•\tJohn Bardeen - Physics - 1956\n•\tJohn Bardeen - Physics - 1972\n•\tFrederick Sanger - Chemistry - 1958\n•\tFrederick Sanger - Chemistry - 1980\n•\tKarl Barry Sharpless - Chemistry - 2001\n•\tKarl Barry Sharpless - Chemistry - 2022",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Five people have received two Nobel Prizes. Marie Curie received the Physics Prize in 1903 for her work on radioactivity and the Chemistry Prize in 1911 for the isolation of pure radium, making her the only person to be awarded a Nobel Prize in two different sciences. Linus Pauling was awarded the 1954 Chemistry Prize for his research into the chemical bond and its application to the structure of complex substances. Pauling was also awarded the Peace Prize in 1962 for his activism against nuclear weapons, making him the only laureate of two unshared prizes. John Bardeen received the Physics Prize twice: in 1956 for the invention of the transistor and in 1972 for the theory of superconductivity. Frederick Sanger received the prize twice in Chemistry: in 1958 for determining the structure of the insulin molecule and in 1980 for inventing a method of determining base sequences in DNA. Karl Barry Sharpless was awarded the 2001 Chemistry Prize for his research into chirally catalysed oxidation reactions, and the 2022 Chemistry Prize for click chemistry. Extract the names of the noble award winners, respective category and year in which they got from given text and list them using bullets in the format {Name} - {Category} - {Year} |
information_extraction | [
{
"content": "Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈuɣo rafaˈel ˈtʃaβes ˈfɾi.as] (listen); 28 July 1954 – 5 March 2013) was a Venezuelan politician who was president of Venezuela from 1999 until his death in 2013, except for a brief period in 2002. Chávez was also leader of the Fifth Republic Movement political party from its foundation in 1997 until 2007, when it merged with several other parties to form the United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV), which he led until 2012. Who is Hugo Chavez?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈuɣo rafaˈel ˈtʃaβes ˈfɾi.as] (listen); 28 July 1954 – 5 March 2013) was a Venezuelan politician who was president of Venezuela from 1999 until his death in 2013, except for a brief period in 2002. Chávez was also leader of the Fifth Republic Movement political party from its foundation in 1997 until 2007, when it merged with several other parties to form the United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV), which he led until 2012.\n\nBorn into a middle-class family in Sabaneta, Barinas, Chávez became a career military officer and, after becoming dissatisfied with the Venezuelan political system based on the Puntofijo Pact, he founded the clandestine Revolutionary Bolivarian Movement-200 (MBR-200) in the early 1980s. Chávez led the MBR-200 in its unsuccessful coup d'état against the Democratic Action government of President Carlos Andrés Pérez in 1992, for which he was imprisoned. Pardoned from prison two years later, he founded the Fifth Republic Movement political party, and then receiving 56.2% of the vote, was elected president of Venezuela in 1998. He was re-elected in 2000 with 59.8% of the vote and again in 2006 with 62.8% of the vote. After winning his fourth term as president in the October 2012 presidential election with a decrease to 55.1% of the vote, he was to be sworn in on 10 January 2013. However, the inauguration was postponed due to his cancer treatment, and on 5 March at age 58, he died in Caracas.\n\nFollowing the adoption of a new constitution in 1999, Chávez focused on supposedly enacting social reforms as part of the Bolivarian Revolution. Using record-high oil revenues of the 2000s, his government nationalized key industries, created participatory democratic Communal Councils and implemented social programs known as the Bolivarian missions to expand access to food, housing, healthcare and education. The high oil profits coinciding with the start of Chavez's presidency resulted in temporary improvements in areas such as poverty, literacy, income equality and quality of life between primarily 2003 and 2007, though extensive changes in structural inequalities did not occur. On 2 June 2010, Chávez declared an \"economic war\" on Venezuela's upper classes due to shortages, arguably beginning the crisis in Venezuela. By the end of Chávez's presidency in the early 2010s, economic actions performed by his government during the preceding decade, such as deficit spending and price controls, proved to be unsustainable, with Venezuela's economy faltering. At the same time, poverty, inflation and shortages increased.\n\nUnder Chávez, Venezuela experienced democratic backsliding, as he suppressed the press, manipulated electoral laws, and arrested and exiled government critics. His use of enabling acts and his government's use of propaganda were controversial. Chávez's presidency saw significant increases in the country's murder rate[page needed] and continued corruption within the police force and government.\n\nAcross the political spectrum, Chávez is regarded as one of the most influential and controversial politicians in the modern history of Venezuela and Latin America. His 14-year presidency marked the start of the socialist \"pink tide\" sweeping Latin America—he supported Latin American and Caribbean cooperation and was instrumental in setting up the pan-regional Union of South American Nations, the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, the Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas, the Bank of the South and the regional television network TeleSUR. Internationally, Chávez aligned himself with the Marxist–Leninist governments of Fidel and then Raúl Castro in Cuba, as well as the socialist governments of Evo Morales in Bolivia, Rafael Correa in Ecuador and Daniel Ortega in Nicaragua. Chávez's ideas, programs, and style form the basis of \"Chavismo\", a political ideology closely associated with Bolivarianism and socialism of the 21st century. Chávez described his policies as anti-imperialist, being a prominent adversary of the United States's foreign policy as well as a vocal critic of neoliberalism and laissez-faire capitalism. He described himself as a Marxist.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈuɣo rafaˈel ˈtʃaβes ˈfɾi.as] (listen); 28 July 1954 – 5 March 2013) was a Venezuelan politician who was president of Venezuela from 1999 until his death in 2013, except for a brief period in 2002. Chávez was also leader of the Fifth Republic Movement political party from its foundation in 1997 until 2007, when it merged with several other parties to form the United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV), which he led until 2012. Who is Hugo Chavez? |
information_extraction | [
{
"content": "Fishing tackles are the equipment used by fishers when fishing. Almost any equipment or gear used for fishing can be called a fishing tackle, although the term is most commonly associated with gear used in angling. Some examples are hooks, lines, sinkers, floats, rods, reels, baits, lures, spears, nets, gaffs, traps, waders, and tackle boxes. Fishing techniques refer to the ways the tackles are used when fishing.\n\nTackles that are attached to the end of a fishing line are collectively called terminal tackles. These include hooks, sinkers, floats, leader lines, swivels, split rings, and any wires, snaps, beads, spoons, blades, spinners and clevises used to attach spinner blades to fishing lures. People also tend to use dead or live bait fish as another form of bait. What is fishing tackle?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Fishing tackle is gear used to catch fish and includes hooks, lines, sinkers, floats, rods, reels, baits, lures, spears, nets, gaffs, traps, waders, and tackle boxes.",
"role": "assistant"
}
]
| Fishing tackles are the equipment used by fishers when fishing. Almost any equipment or gear used for fishing can be called a fishing tackle, although the term is most commonly associated with gear used in angling. Some examples are hooks, lines, sinkers, floats, rods, reels, baits, lures, spears, nets, gaffs, traps, waders, and tackle boxes. Fishing techniques refer to the ways the tackles are used when fishing.
Tackles that are attached to the end of a fishing line are collectively called terminal tackles. These include hooks, sinkers, floats, leader lines, swivels, split rings, and any wires, snaps, beads, spoons, blades, spinners and clevises used to attach spinner blades to fishing lures. People also tend to use dead or live bait fish as another form of bait. What is fishing tackle? |
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