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# Hut Point Peninsula
## Central features {#central_features}
Features in the center of the peninsula, from north to south, include
### Knob Point {#knob_point}
. A rounded coastal point on the west side of Hut Point Peninsula. The feature lies 1.5 nmi west of Castle Rock. The name was adopted by US-ACAN on the recommendation of Gerald L. Kooyman, USARP biologist who studied physiological characteristics related to diving in the Weddell seal in this vicinity, 1963-64 and 1964-65. Kooyman reported that this descriptive name was already in use by other field workers in the area.
### Castle Rock {#castle_rock}
*Main article: Castle Rock (Antarctica)* 77 48 S 166 46 E. Bold rock crag, 415 m high, standing 3 nmi northeast of Hut Point on the central ridge of Hut Point Peninsula. Discovered by the British National Antarctic Expedition (BrNAE) (1901-04) under Scott, who so named it because of its shape.
### Boulder Cones {#boulder_cones}
. A descriptive name for cones 0.9 nmi southwest of Castle Rock. Named by Frank Debenham of the British Antarctic Expedition, 1910--13 (BrAE), who made a plane table survey of the peninsula in 1912.
### Arrival Heights {#arrival_heights}
*Main article: Arrival Heights* 77 49 S 166 39 E. Clifflike heights which extend in a NE\--southwest direction along the west side of Hut Point Peninsula, just north of Hut Point. Discovered and named by the BrNAE, 1901-04, under Scott. The name suggests the expedition\'s arrival at its winter headquarters at nearby Hut Point.
### Danger Slopes {#danger_slopes}
77 49 S 166 40 E. An ice slope just south of Knob Point. The initial slope is very steep and it terminates west in a sheer drop to Erebus Bay. So named by BrNAE (1901-04) because Seaman Vince of BrNAE died here in a blizzard when he slipped and fell into the sea.
### Starr Lake {#starr_lake}
. A small meltwater lake which is a source of water for McMurdo Station. The lake is situated in the area of constant snow cover on Hut Point Peninsula, approximately 0.5 nmi north of the station and midway between First Crater and Crater Hill. The name Starr Lake came into general use at McMurdo Station for this feature in the early 1970\'s. It is named after James W. Starr, steelworker, United States Navy, who was closely associated with the development of the lake as a source of station water.
### Crater Hill {#crater_hill}
. A hill, 300 m high, marked by a volcanic crater at its summit, about 1 nmi north of Observation Hill in the south part of Hut Point Peninsula. Discovered and named by the BrNAE under Scott, 1901-04.
### Polar Bear Point {#polar_bear_point}
. An ice-covered point 1.2 nmi southeast of Castle Rock on the east side of Hut Point Peninsula. A breached crater stands 0.7 nmi north-northwest, but no rock is exposed on the point which is well defined and elevated at the juncture with McMurdo Ice Shelf. The name is allusive; when viewed from the west, the appearance of the point is suggestive of the head, neck, and fore part of an Arctic polar bear. Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN), 2000.
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# Hut Point Peninsula
## Southern features {#southern_features}
Features in the south of the peninsula, from west to east, include
### Black Knob {#black_knob}
. A descriptive name for a rock outcrop 0.2 nmi west of Twin Crater/Middle Crater. The name has been used in reports and maps since at least 1971.
### Winter Quarters Bay {#winter_quarters_bay}
. A small bay immediately east of Hut Point, at the south end of Ross Island. Discovered by the BrNAE, 1901-04, and so named because the expedition ship Discovery was moored in the bay and \"frozen-in\" during the winter seasons of 1902 and 1903.
### Hut Point {#hut_point}
. A small point lying 1 nmi northwest of Cape Armitage, at the south end of Hut Point Peninsula. Discovered and named by the BrNAE (1901-04) under Scott, who established their hut on the point. Further information: Discovery Hut
### Observation Hill {#observation_hill}
thumb\|upright=1.6\|Observation Hill as seen from Hut Point *Main article: Observation Hill (McMurdo Station)* 77 51 S 166 40 E. Conical hill, 230 m high, surmounting Cape Armitage at the south end of Hut Point Peninsula. Discovered by the BrNAE, 1901-04, under Scott, and so named because it forms an excellent lookout station.
### Cape Armitage {#cape_armitage}
. Cape forming the south end of Hut Point Peninsula and the southernmost point of Ross Island. Discovered by the BrNAE, 1901-04, under Scott, and named by him for Lieutenant (later Captain) Albert B. Armitage, second in command and navigator on the Discovery. thumb\|upright=2\|Annotated view over the Hut Peninsula with McMurdo, also showing Scott Base and the McMurdo Ice Shelf (*south is up in this image*)
### Fortress Rocks {#fortress_rocks}
. A cluster of low rock summits 0.5 nmi north of the summit of Observation Hill on Hut Point Peninsula. A descriptive name given by members of the British Antarctic Expedition, 1910-13, under Scott.
### The Gap {#the_gap}
. A pass between Crater Hill and Observation Hill at the south end of Hut Point Peninsula. Charted and named by the BrNAE, 1901-04, under Scott. BrNAE sledge parties traversed the south end of the peninsula via this low level passage.
### Pram Point {#pram_point}
. Low rounded point on the southeast side of Hut Point Peninsula, about 1.5 nmi northeast of Cape Armitage. Discovered by the BrNAE, under Scott, 1901-04, who so named it because it is necessary during the summer months to use a pram in the open water adjacent to the point when traveling between the south end of Hut Point Peninsula and the Ross Ice Shelf
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# Japanese language education in the United States
**Japanese language education in the United States** began in the late 19th century, aimed mainly at Japanese American children and conducted by parents and community institutions. Over the course of the next century, it would slowly expand to include non-Japanese as well as native speakers (mainly children of Japanese expatriates being educated in international schools). A 2012 survey of foreign-language learners by the Japan Foundation found 4,270 teachers teaching the Japanese language to 155,939 students at 1,449 different institutions, an increase of 10.4% in the number of students since the 2009 survey. The quality and focus of dialogues in Japanese textbooks meant for English-speakers has changed since the 1970s. As of 2021, according to the Japan Foundation, 161,402 people were learning Japanese in United States.
## History
### Origins
The earliest Japanese language instruction in the United States was aimed at heritage speakers. Japanese immigration to Hawaii began in 1868, and to the United States in 1869. *Issei* parents, worrying about the increasing Americanization of their *nisei* children, established Japanese schools outside of the regular school system to teach the language and culture of their ancestral country. The first school was established in Kohala, Hawaii by Reverend Shigefusa Kanda, in 1893, and others soon followed, including several attached to Hawaiian Hongwanji missions. The schools were financed by both the Japanese immigrant community and the sugar planters they worked for, as they provided much needed childcare for the plantation laborers during their long workday. By 1920, the schools enrolled 98% of all Japanese American children in Hawaii. Statistics for 1934 showed 183 schools teaching a total of 41,192 students. On the mainland, the first Japanese language school was California\'s *Nihongo Gakuin*, established in 1903; by 1912, eighteen such schools had been set up in California alone.
The schools\' perceived connection to Japan and support for labor movements, including the 1909 and 1920 strikes against the Hawaiian Sugar Planters\' Association, exposed fault lines of religion and class within the Japanese American community, and fed growing anti-Japanese sentiment from the larger public. Buddhist organizations were heavily involved in the establishment of schools, and, while many Japanese American Christians founded their own competing schools, others ascribing to a more assimilationist view opposed their existence. Furthermore, non-Japanese also took a dim view of the schools, accusing them of indoctrinating Japanese American children and forming part of a wider strategy of the Japanese government to \"colonize\" the United States; public school teachers and the Office of Naval Intelligence went so far as to label them \"anti-American\". Anti-Japanese prejudice had grown with their population, and nativist groups spent much of the late 19th and early 20th centuries lobbying to limit Japanese immigration, create race-based restrictions on citizenship, enact discriminatory property laws, and otherwise combat the \"Yellow Peril\"; by the 1920s, the focus had shifted to Japanese language schools. A 1920 report by the Federal Commission of Education declared that the 20,000 students of Hawaii\'s 163 Japanese schools were being \"retarded in accepting American customs, manners, ideals, principles, and standards,\" and recommended the schools be taken over by the public education system. The territorial legislature had already passed a series of laws regulating who could teach and how often students could attend classes, and in April 1923 the Clark Bill imposed a per-student tax, forcing many schools to close when they could not (or would not) pay the tax. In the meantime, California politicians enacted the Parker Bill in August 1921, establishing extensive prerequisites for teacher certification and giving complete control over hiring, operations and curricula in the schools to the Superintendent of Public Education. Late in December 1922, sixteen Hawaiian schools banded together to file a lawsuit challenging the restrictions. The legal case was controversial within the Japanese American community; its more conservative members saw the lawsuit as yet another unnecessary wedge between Japanese Americans and whites, and argued that it would only exacerbate anti-Japanese prejudice. 88 of Hawaii\'s 146 Japanese schools eventually joined the suit, and Farrington v. Tokushige worked through several appeals before landing in the Supreme Court, where in 1927 the Justices found the regulations unconstitutional.
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# Japanese language education in the United States
## History
### World War II {#world_war_ii}
Interest from foreign language learners was limited prior to World War II, and instruction for non-heritage speakers was established more slowly. One 1934 survey found only eight universities in the United States offering Japanese language education, mostly supported by only one instructor per university; it further estimated that only thirteen American professors possessed sufficient fluency in the Japanese language to use it in conducting research. As late as 1940, there were only 65 non-Japanese Americans who were able to read, write and understand the language. Even among *nisei* graduates of the community Japanese schools, true fluency was rare: a 1941 Military Intelligence Service survey of 3,700 *nisei* found that 3 percent could potentially become competent after extensive training, 4 percent were \"proficient\" but still required additional instruction, and just 3 percent were qualified for linguistic work in Japanese. Due to this shortage, the military\'s need for personnel competent in Japanese even before the US entry into World War II drove the MIS to establish its own specialized school aimed at training specialists to serve as interpreters, interrogators, and translators, the Military Intelligence Service Language School; initially based at the Presidio of San Francisco, it was later moved to Minnesota, first Camp Savage, and then later Fort Snelling. Most of the 6,000 graduates were Japanese American.
At the same time, Japanese language schools on the West Coast aimed at heritage speakers were shut down due to the Japanese American internment. Japanese school instructors and principals were among those detained by the FBI after Pearl Harbor, so many schools had already closed by the time \"evacuation\" orders were issued in the spring of 1942. Even in Hawaii, which was not affected by Executive Order 9066 but was instead placed under martial law, authorities forced Japanese community schools to dissolve and liquidate their assets; however, after the war, the schools were revived with the support of *issei*, *nisei*, and non-Japanese community members. Enrollment in such schools declined compared to the pre-war period; for example, the Moiliili Language School in Honolulu, which with over 1,000 students in 1938 was the largest Japanese-language school in Hawaii, had only 85 students `{{As of|2002|lc=on}}`{=mediawiki}.
#### United States Navy Japanese Language School {#united_states_navy_japanese_language_school}
For U.S. and the world to understand Japan and its culture, the United States Navy Japanese Language School, relocated from the University of California, Berkeley, to the University of Colorado in Boulder during the Pacific War, played a major role. Not only did it serve mainly for intelligence activities during the war, but also its graduates, such as Edward Seidensticker, Donald Keene, Otis Cary and others, often called the \"Boulder Boys\", made important contributions to introducing the Japanese culture in the post-WWII world.
### Post-World War II {#post_world_war_ii}
The first program aimed at training secondary school Japanese language teachers was established at the University of Hawaii under the provisions of the National Defense Act of 1958; it initially admitted 20 students. Enrollment in Japanese language courses in US high schools had the fastest growth rate out of all languages during the 1980s, the time of the Japanese asset bubble. During the 1990s, The College Board, a United States standardized testing agency, began to offer an SAT Subject Test in Japanese and conducted the first sitting of the Japanese Advanced Placement exam in May 2007; these examinations enable high school students to obtain college credit for their prior study of the Japanese language. However, unlike Chinese, which continued to grow in the early 2000s, the popularity of Japanese declined sharply, with thousands of students dropping the language. According to a survey by the Center for Applied Linguistics, the teaching of Japanese declined at both the primary and secondary levels between 2006 and 2009.
Japanese-language education aimed at native speakers began later, as the rise of the economy of Japan resulted in increasing numbers of companies sending employees and their families to the United States for short-term assignments. `{{As of|2010}}`{=mediawiki}, the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology officially recognized four Japanese *nihonjin gakkō* day schools in the United States, in Guam, the Chicago metropolitan area, and the New York City metropolitan area. Several other day/boarding schools are classified as *Shiritsu zaigai kyōiku shisetsu* (私立在外教育施設) or overseas branches of Japanese private schools; as of 2010 there were three such schools in the U.S. In addition, as of 2010 there were 79 weekend/supplementary schools; in 2006 29 of them were supplied with at least one teacher by the Japanese government.
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# Japanese language education in the United States
## Current status {#current_status}
Currently, Japanese is not a widely-available college major in the United States, as only 132 U.S. colleges (including in U.S. territories) offer Japanese as an undergraduate major, while this number drops to 123 when excluding 2-year institutions. Mandarin Chinese, another East Asian language, is taught in 129 4-year universities as a major subject. (This increases to 133 when taking 2-year colleges into account.) As for Japanese postgraduate programs, there are 23 in the U.S. (with 44 programs for Chinese, in comparison). This is out of the 4,726 degree-granting institutions in the United States that the National Center for Educational Statistics recorded in 2012-2013. However, according to the Modern Language Association, there has been a 10.3% increase in enrollment in Japanese classes in colleges and universities from 2006 (at 66,605 enrolled) to 2009 (at 73,434 enrolled). According to the Japan Foundation, the increase was 19.7% in the same period.
Japanese in pre-collegiate education has not seen the same growth rates. In 2011-2012, there were 129,189 public and private primary and secondary schools in the US. Of this number, 30,861 were private and 98,328 were public (including charter schools). In 2007-2008, these numbers were 132,446, 33,740, and 98,916, respectively. In 2008, the Center for Applied Linguistics found that the number of Japanese classes taught in primary and secondary schools dropped from their numbers in 1987. The organization did not specify the exact numbers of any year in their executive summary of their national survey of foreign language teaching in U.S. schools, however. The number of foreign language classes in total dropped in this time period. Pre-collegiate institutions are increasing optional Japanese testing. The Japanese Language and Culture AP test was offered at 666 secondary schools and 329 participating colleges in 2016; 2,481 students, from earlier than the 9th grade to the 12th graders, took the test in total, which was a 2% increase from 2015's total of 2,431 students.
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# Japanese language education in the United States
## Evolution of textbook pedagogy {#evolution_of_textbook_pedagogy}
Dr. Eleanor Harz Jorden, the author of *Beginning Japanese*, Parts 1 and 2, wrote the first pedagogical grammar of Japanese written by a linguist. She also coauthored the widely used *Mastering Japanese* textbook, along with the Foreign Service Language Institute, and Hamako Ito Chaplin. Colleagues in the field of Japanese pedagogy, such as Professor Mari Noda, say that Dr. Jorden was unusual in her time in that she insisted on the use of audio recordings to supplement the text-based grammar and vocabulary in her work. She considered social interaction and vocal language the focus of her research. Noda remade *Mastering Japanese* into *Japanese: The Spoken Language*, which is part of a larger series on Japanese that also focuses on other aspects such as the written language. Japanese textbook dialogues have changed since the 1970s. Dialogues from the 1970s were thought to be less natural and practical than they should be by educators like Jorden.
After Dr. Jorden's time, the trend of Japanese as a Foreign Language (JFL) has been to focus on reading, writing, and grammar chapters arranged by themes based on pragmatic, real-life situations. Some emphasis is also placed on communicative, "real" language. For instance, in each of the two *Genki* textbooks, published by the *Japan Times*, the content is split between a Dialogue and Grammar section and a Reading and Writing section. In the Dialogue and Grammar section, the chapters have themes such as "Asking for Directions" or "Finding a Part-Time Job". The chapter has a long conversation, or two shorter ones, recorded on the accompanying CD-ROM, and a transcript and English translations of the conversation. Then, there is a vocabulary list with relevant definitions, grammatical lessons, and several problems (which may or may not have vocal narration in the CD). The Reading and Writing section has simple stories written in Japanese, comprehension questions about the stories, kanji with space provided for writing them, and some short cultural explanations.
Junko Mori, Kimberly Jones, and Tsuyoshi Ono believe that use of cultural and discourse knowledge may be lacking in classrooms, making it so that students aren't totally prepared for real-life interactions with native Japanese speakers. Mori used the example of *doushite*, a Japanese word for "why" that is frequently used in Japanese textbooks and exercises. It is a convenient counterpart for the English "why," but has more forceful, negative connotations for Japanese speakers than "why" does for English speakers. The required sentence structure for answers to "why"-questions is more complicated, and requires that a creative explanation be formulated. Thus, according to her, *doushite* needs to be placed in social context more so than other grammatical terms, but often isn't---the exchanges are used primarily as exchanges of information rather than social tools. In conversations between Japanese speakers that Mori compiled, *doushite* was rarely used at all to elicit information. A survey of dialogues in modern textbooks found that they are, on average, short and decontextualized, involve only two speakers, are contextless, arranged in neat question-answer pairs that are complete sentences, and are without many conversational linguistic devices
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# Désirée Miloshevic
**Désirée Zeljka Miloshevic** is an Internet public servant, and was a special advisor to the chair of the United Nations\' Internet Governance Forum Multi-stakeholder Advisory Group. Additionally, she is Senior Public Policy and International Affairs Advisor in Europe for Afilias, the domain name registry.
## Early life {#early_life}
Miloshevic studied English Literature at the University of Belgrade Faculty of Philology before starting her internet career at the then newly formed British service provider Demon Internet in 1993
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# Buka Airport
**Buka Airport** `{{airport codes|BUA|AYBK}}`{=mediawiki} is an airport serving Buka Island in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville in Papua New Guinea.
It is located at the southern end of the island, near Buka Passage behind the town of Buka, and pre-war Chinatown. The airport terminal is about 1.5 kilometres from the Buka Township.
In 2004, the airport experienced some closures due to land disputes. Residents of Ieta prevented service at the airport, demanding the government pay land fees.
There used to be one navigational aid, the Buka NDB/DME situated on nearby Sohano Island. However this has been removed since Dec 2019.
## History
### World War II {#world_war_ii}
The origins of the airfield begin in 1941 when Australian troops built gun pits around a primitive airstrip in December 1941. On 2 January 1942 with the Japanese approaching, they prepared the airfield for demolition, blowing holes in the runway, and logs and pipes to prevent aircraft from landing. The following day, orders came to repair the field for aircraft evacuating from Rabaul to land. However, the airfield was occupied by the Japanese during mid-March 1942.`{{fact|date=January 2024}}`{=mediawiki}
On 26 July, an Imperial Japanese Navy special detachment was sent to inspect Buka Airfield, but considered it unacceptable as a prospect for a speedily constructed major airfield. Nonetheless, by December 1942 the airfield was further improved by the Japanese with bitumen surfacing, an electrical power plant, underground fuel tanks, and new pillboxes and trenches. From December onwards many hulks were at the strip. Coastwatchers reported nighttime patrol flights during full moon. Also, scouting by a Betty Bomber flying down each coast of Bougainville and returning by afternoon as part of regular reconnaissance.`{{fact|date=January 2024}}`{=mediawiki}
On 13 May 1943 Allied reconnaissance observed 36 fighters and 6 bombers at the airstrip. On 1 October 1943 Allied reconnaissance observed 35 aircraft at Buka, including 19 dive bombers. During 1943, the airfield was attacked repeatedly by Allied bombers, widely cratering the runway, and other areas.`{{fact|date=January 2024}}`{=mediawiki}
In January 1944, the Allies drove the Japanese out of Buka, and the airfield was used for operations against the Japanese over New Guinea. A detachment of USAAF 419th Night Fighter Squadron flew P-61 Black Widows from the airfield from 25 January -- 27 May 1944 before moving forward into New Guinea.`{{fact|date=January 2024}}`{=mediawiki}
### Postwar
Today the airport is the primary air portal into Bougainville, and even 75 years after the war, wreckage from the military use of the airfield by the Japanese and Americans is easily found in the area.
## Airlines and destinations {#airlines_and_destinations}
The airport services small narrow body jets or turboprop aircraft.
## Facilities
A small single storey terminal building houses check-in counters for both airlines serving the airport
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# Carlo Checchinato
**Carlo Checchinato** (born 30 August 1970 in Adria, Province of Rovigo) is an Italian rugby union former player and is the current team manager for the Italy national team.
Checchinato was born in Adria, close to Rovigo. His father, called Giancarlo, was an international lock, being capped for Italy during the 1970s. He was with the Italy national team at the World Cup in 1995 in South Africa, 1999 in Wales and in 2003 in Australia as well as in several tournaments. He earned 83 caps and scored 21 tries in international matches. Checchinato\'s international try total was an all-time record for forwards until 2007, when it was surpassed by Colin Charvis of Wales.
Normally a number eight, he played for Rugby Rovigo and Benetton Treviso.
Currently he is the Italy national Team manager
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# Belleville Transit
**Belleville Transit** is the public transit operator in Belleville, Ontario, Canada and is one of the services provided by the city\'s Engineering & Public Works Department. Buses operate between 5:00am and 10:30pm on Monday to Friday, with reduced service on the weekend; from 6:50am to 6:15pm on Saturday and 9:00am to 6:00pm on Sunday. There is no service on statutory holidays.
## History
The current Belleville Transit was created in 1960, taking over operations from Rawson Bus Lines who operated service in Belleville from 1920-1960
Service connects with Deseronto Transit and Quinte Transit.
## Fares
The standard adult and concession fares costs \$3.00 when paid in cash. For electronic tickets, concession fares costs \$2.75, and adult fares is \$3.00. For a monthly pass, the adult pass is \$70.00/month, and the concession pass is \$65.00/month. Children aged 4 and younger ride free of charge. Local high school students ride free of charge when a school Identification Card is shown to the Operator.
Effective January 1st, 2025, fares will increase. Single rides will now cost \$3.25, and the monthly pass will cost \$75/month. For concession fares, single rides will cost \$3.25 or \$3 if it is a mobile ticket. The monthly pass will remain at \$70/month.
## Services
Belleville Transit operates 10 conventional routes
- - Route 1 North Front
- Route 2 Sidney
- Route 3 Moira
- Route 4 Dundas West
- Route 5A Dundas East-Victoria
- Route 5B Victoria-Dundas East
- Route 6 Industrial
- Route 7 Cannifton
- Route 8 Avondale-Palmer
- Route N Industrial/Loyalist Night Bus via Terminal
## Fleet
As of 2024, Belleville Transit\'s fleet consists of 17 Nova Bus LFS (mostly former demonstrator buses) 40\' buses and 3 specialized buses.
Belleville Transit began transitioning to a greener fleet in 2024, purchasing an ex-demonstrator Nova Bus LFS HEV numbered #2284. Three additional hybrid New Flyer XDE40 buses were ordered later in 2024, and are expected to be placed in service the following year.. replacing vehicles 0660 and 0761, and one for additional growth in fleet
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# Martin Hill (Pennsylvania)
**Martin Hill** is a mountain ridge which connects Tussey Mountain to its east and Evitts Mountain to its west. Martin Hill is located in the Martin Hill Wild Area, which is a part of the Buchanan State Forest, in Bedford County, Pennsylvania, United States. The summit of Martin Hill is one of the few in the Commonwealth which is void of any towers or transmitters; such equipment is located instead on a lesser nearby summit in the same mountain complex. Martin Hill is the second highest in Pennsylvania\'s Ridge and Valley Appalachians, the highest being Wills Mountain to its west at 2780 ft.
## Flora and fauna {#flora_and_fauna}
Martin Hill is a rugged mountain, with trails that run along the summit ridge and down its slopes. Wildlife on the mountain include bobcat, black bear, ruffed grouse, wild turkey, and the white-tailed deer.
Forests dominated by oaks and hickories characterize the mountain; other trees and shrubs include mountain laurel (*Kalmia latifolia*), white pine (*Pinus strobus*), and hemlock (*Tsuga canadensis*). Sassafras (*Sassafras albidum*), fire cherry (*Prunus pensylvanica*), and striped maple (*Acer pensylvanicum*) are found on the upper slopes of the mountain.
## Other information {#other_information}
The adjacent Sweet Root Natural Area provides 13000 acre acres of wildland, considered`{{Who|date=September 2011}}`{=mediawiki} one of the most remote and serene in the Commonwealth.
The old forest fire lookout tower was removed in 2003. The views from that tower were beautiful: To the north one could see the ridges of both Evitts and Tussey Mountain fading into the distance. Blue Knob could be seen 30 mi in the distance, rising behind Kinton Knob, the north end of Wills Mountain. To the east Sideling Hill was visible, including its deep road cut on I-68 in Maryland. To the south Dans Mountain in Maryland was visible, and to the west, the Wills Mountain highpoint and the Allegheny Front. Although this panoramic view is no longer available, rock screes and other overlooks in the Wild Area offer other sweeping vistas.
The former fire tower site on Martin Hill (829 m) is the highest point on Pennsylvania\'s longest footpath, Mid State Trail
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# Lori Atsedes
**Lori Atsedes** (born March 29, 1964) is an American professional golfer. She was the all-time career money leader on the Futures Tour.
Atsedes was born in Rochester, New York and raised in Ithaca, New York. She turned pro in 1987 and has played on several professional tours, including the Futures Tour, the Florida Sunshine tour, the Central Florida Challenge Tour and the LPGA Tour, where she was a member from 1998 to 2001 and in 2003.
In 2008, Atsedes finished 3rd on The Golf Channel\'s competitive reality show *The Big Break*, filmed in Hawaii in December, 2007. Atsedes won a gift certificate to Dick\'s Sporting Goods after finishing first in the season long points challenge, and also won \$5000 for earning the most points in a grid challenge during an early episode.
Atsedes is a golf professional at the Tres Rios golf course in Goodyear, Arizona.
## Controversy
In one episode of The Big Break, there was a ruling issue on a hook/fade wall challenge when Kim Welch and Atsedes questioned whether another contestant, Christina Lecuyer, had stepped on a divot, therefore improving her lie. Welch caused the divot, playing immediately prior to Lecuyer, but did not stamp down the divot after finishing her shots. The Golf Channel rules officials decided that Lecuyer had in fact breached a rule and took her points away. This caused outrage and personal attacks on Atsedes on The Golf Channel discussion boards. This ruling is largely viewed as incorrect by the people on the discussion boards, as: 1. Lecuyer had not yet placed her ball; 2. The players were playing preferred lies; 3. The ball was not being played \"through the hole\"; and 4. As a general rule, players had been allowed to rake traps and return the ground to original playing position prior to placing the ball. Welch had conceded these facts, but Atsedes persisted, upsetting many fans of the show.
Atsedes was involved in a series long feud with Lecuyer, her roommate on the show, particularly after Lecuyer was caught saying, \"Choke!\" prior to Tina Miller\'s pivotal shot during a team challenge. The cattiness was a central theme of the edited programs for the bulk of the series, and also played out during the Confessionals, a video the players tape every night during filming.
Atsedes wrote a weekly blog on the Golf Channel website during The Big Break, often commenting on her version of the dispute with Lecuyer
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# Prolog++
**Prolog++** is an object-oriented toolkit for the Prolog logic programming language. It allows classes and class hierarchies to be created within Prolog programs.
Prolog++ was developed by LPA and first released in 1989 for MS-DOS PCs. Support for other platforms was added, and a second version was released in 1995. A book entitled \'Prolog++ The Power of Object-Oriented and Logic Programming\' by Chris Moss was published by Addison-Wesley in 1994.
Currently, Prolog++ is available as an add-on to LPA Prolog for Windows.
Three other approaches to object-oriented Prolog include PDC Visual Prolog (once known as Borland Turbo Prolog), SICStus Prolog and the almost implementation-neutral Logtalk framework
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# Leonard H. Lesko
**Leonard H. Lesko**, born `{{Birth date and age|1938|8|14}}`{=mediawiki}, is an American egyptologist. He was the chairman of the Department of Egyptology at Brown University and held the Charles Edwin Wilbour professorship. In 1961, he received a B.A. in Classics from Loyola University Chicago, and his masters in 1964. In 1969, he received a Ph.D. in \"Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations-Egyptology\" at the University of Chicago. Prior to joining the Brown faculty in 1982, he held various teaching positions at University of California-Berkeley.
Lesko is an expert in Egyptian languages including Old, Middle, and Late Egyptian, Demotic, and Coptic. He has also studied the Coffin Texts, the *Book of the Dead* and Deir el-Medina. Along with his wife, Barbara Lesko, he edited *A Dictionary of Late Egyptian*
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# Antabamba province
**Antabamba** is one of the seven provinces of the Apurímac Region in Peru. The capital of the province is the city of Antabamba.
## Boundaries
- North: province of Grau
- East: province of Cotabambas and Cusco Region
- South: Arequipa Region
- West: province of Aymaraes
## Geography
The province of Antabamba covers an area of 1242.33 km2. The Wansu mountain range traverses the province. Some of the highest peaks of the province are listed below:
## Districts
The province is divided into seven districts:
- Antabamba
- El Oro
- Huaquirca
- Juan Espinoza Medrano
- Oropesa
- Pachaconas
- Sabaino
## Ethnic groups {#ethnic_groups}
The people in the province are mainly indigenous citizens of Quechua descent. Quechua is the language which the majority of the population (77.12%) learnt to speak in childhood, 22.26% of the residents started speaking using the Spanish language and 0.28% using Aymara (2007 Peru Census)
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# Paolo Vaccari
**Paolo Vaccari** (born 17 January 1971) is an Italian former rugby union player. He was a versatile back: he used to play as centre, wing, or full-back. He is currently`{{As of?|date=March 2023}}`{=mediawiki} a sports manager.
## Biography
Born and raised in Calvisano, Vaccari debuted with Rugby Calvisano\'s senior squad on 1 February 1987 against Petrarca in Padua. After six seasons with Calvisano he moved to Amatori Milano, then owned by Silvio Berlusconi and known as \"Milan Rugby\", and won an Italian title in 1995; got back to Calvisano he joined the Italian Championship\'s Final 6 times in a row, from 2001 to 2006, winning the title again in 2005.
Vaccari won his first cap in 1991 against Namibia in Windhoek (defeat 7--17, although he scored a try at his debut); he went on playing three consecutive editions of the Rugby World Cup (1991, 1995 and 1999).
Vaccari was part of the Italian team that won for the first time the 1997 FIRA Trophy against France. His most significant international performance was the 1997 FIRA Trophy Final, played in Grenoble, a 40--32 win which meant the first Italy win over France. The title was instrumental in Italy\'s admission to the Five Nations Championship, now renamed Six Nations Championship, in 2000.
Vaccari was also invited by the Barbarians to play a match in Leicester in April 1998, which he considers as \"a highlight in his career\".
He won his last international against Scotland during the 2003 Six Nations Championship.
In 2003 Vaccari graduated in Architecture at the Politecnico, University of Milan, together with his fellow National teammate Massimo Giovanelli.
In 2006 he retired; currently he is a member of the Board of the Italian Rugby Federation.
## Honours
### Club
- **Italian Championships**: 2
: (Milan 1994-95, Calvisano 2004-05)
- **Italian Cups**: 2
: (Milan 1994-95, Calvisano 2003-04)
### National team {#national_team}
- **FIRA Trophy**: 1
: Italy: 1997
- 64 caps between 1991 and 2003 (107 pts)
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# List of ships of the Free French Naval Forces
This is a list of the ships of the Free French Naval Forces.
Ships that joined the allies in the aftermath of Operation Torch and later are not considered Free French but rather as a part of the French Liberation Army
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# Cochrane River
The **Cochrane River** is a short river of Chile located in the Aysén del General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo Region. It is the outlet of Cochrane Lake and empties into the Baker River. The town of Cochrane is situated along the river.
The Cochrane River was named after Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald who served in the Chilean Navy during the war of independence
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# Mattel Vidster
The Mattel Vidster is a digital tapeless camcorder that was marketed as a children\'s toy and sold around 2005. It features a 1.1 in LCD display, a 2x digital zoom, and records into AVI 320x240 video files encoded with the M-JPEG codec at 15 frames per second, with 22 kHz monaural sound. It also takes still photos with 1.3 megapixel resolution.
The camera is powered by four AA batteries, and records onto SD flash memory cards (512MB maximum capacity). The variable-bitrate codec allows a maximum recording time of approximately 45--50 minutes with a 512MB card. Other features include a built-in microphone, a 1/8\" jack for an external microphone, a 1/8\" jack that provides NTSC composite video output with audio, a mini-USB connector for accessing the data on the SD memory card, and a tripod mount.
The Vidster is appreciated for the unique aesthetic properties of the video footage it records. Since the M-JPEG video created by the Vidster is so highly compressed, the footage exhibits constantly visible macroblocks, or square blocky artifacts from encoding. The Vidster only has auto-exposure as a method of exposure control, and also is constantly automatically white-balancing itself. This leads to very accentuated alterations in the qualities of the image, even from small changes in a scene. The lens of the Vidster is extremely small, resulting in an image with slight vignetting of image sharpness. There is also significant color fringing and video noise, especially for low-light subjects.
The Vidster is used in media projects by experimental filmmakers, just as the Fisher-Price Pixelvision camera was used to artistic effect by a previous generation of media artists.
## Film festivals {#film_festivals}
The Pixelvision friendly film festival, PXL THIS, inspired a Vidster film festival, calling it VIDSTER THIS.
## Influences on the web {#influences_on_the_web}
- November 14, 2007---A Vidster user on YouTube created a community known as **The Vidster Corner** where people of all ages can share their Vidster videos on the Internet with the rest of the world.
## Notable uses in popular culture {#notable_uses_in_popular_culture}
- In 2009 the San Francisco-based indie rock band Girls released a video for their song [Laura](http://www.truepanther.com/#/videos/laura) which was shot in its entirety on four Vidsters.
- In 2009 Oakland based video artist [Will Erokan](https://www.youtube.com/williebenign) released [**GiftHorseTV**](http://www.hi-beam.net/fw/fw40/1007.html) **Episode 5:** **TRIPTYCH**, on [Peralta TV](http://peralta.tv/). The episode consisted of three simultaneous channels of Video (shot on a Vidster) documenting his life in Olympia WA, during the year 2006. The format of the video was inspired by the Cut Up experiments William S. Burroughs conducted using [traditional Newspaper Layout](http://realitystudio.org/scholarship/burroughs-is-a-poet-too-really-the-poetics-of-minutes-to-go/) as a form. Highlights from the piece include Painting Tract Housing in Lacey, WA, [Scrap Yard Swag\'s](http://www.myspace.com/scrapyardswag) first concert, Saddam Hussein\'s execution, and Thomas Cooney/Reed Urban performing music around Olympia, WA
| 458 |
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| 0 |
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# Gasmata Airport
**Gasmata Airport** `{{airport codes|GMI}}`{=mediawiki} is an airfield in Gasmata in the West New Britain Province of Papua New Guinea.
## Facilities
The airfield is at an elevation of 10 ft above mean sea level and has a 820 m runway designated 09/27
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# Aymaraes province
**Aymaraes** is the largest of the seven provinces of the Apurímac Region in Peru. The capital of the province is the city of Chalhuanca. The province was founded by General Simón Bolívar on June 21, 1824.
## Boundaries
- North: the provinces of Andahuaylas and Abancay
- East: the provinces of Abancay and Antabamba
- South: Ayacucho Region
- West: Ayacucho Region and the province of Andahuaylas
## Geography
One of the highest peaks of the province is Pisti at approximately 5100 m. Other mountains are listed below:
## Political division {#political_division}
The province measures 1242.33 km2 and is divided into seventeen districts:
## Ethnic groups {#ethnic_groups}
The people in the province are mainly indigenous citizens of Quechua descent. Quechua is the language which the majority of the population (71.05%) learnt to speak in childhood, 28.61% of the residents started speaking using the Spanish language and 0.15% using Aymara (2007 Peru Census)
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# Farm to Market Road 4
**Farm to Market Road 4** (**FM 4**) is a farm to market road in Texas, United States, maintained by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT), that runs between the cities of Grandview and Jacksboro. The route was designated in March 1942. `{{As of|2012}}`{=mediawiki}, FM 4 is one of the longest farm to market roads in the state of Texas.
## Route description {#route_description}
The southern terminus of FM 4 is at Texas State Highway 81 (SH 81) in Grandview. FM 4 proceeds through the city and passes the Grandview Cemetery. It then passes through several small communities, including Sand Flat, before reaching the city of Cleburne, where it has a concurrency with SH 171/SH 174. FM 4 passes Cleburne Municipal Airport before exiting the city at its junction with US 67. It then proceeds through Acton, Granbury, Lipan, Santo, and Palo Pinto before reaching its northern terminus in Jacksboro.`{{clear left}}`{=mediawiki}
## History
The route was designated on March 26, 1942, between Santo and U.S. Highway 80, replacing Spur 40. The route was extended north to the end of FM 130 in Lone Camp on July 11, 1945. The route was extended to U.S. Highway 180 on September 6, 1945, replacing FM 130. The route was extended southeast to Granbury on November 23, 1948, replacing FM 7. On February 6, 1953, the route had been extended north to a road intersection south of the Brazos River, replacing FM 1193. On October 7, 1955, the route had been extended north across the river to Graford, replacing FM 1194. On December 20, 1984, when the district combined several farm to market roads with other ones, FM 4 was extended north to Jacksboro, replacing FM 206. On February 25, 1985, an amendment to the previous request, FM 4 was extended south to then U.S. Highway 81 (now SH 81) at Grandview, replacing FM 208 and FM 110.
The Honda Sport Touring Association has named the section between Palo Pinto and Granbury, through the Palo Pinto Mountains, one of Texas\' top ten roads for riding enjoyment and scenery.
## Major intersections {#major_intersections}
Note that the total mileage when listed by junctions does not agree with the total mileage certified by the Texas Department of Transportation because the number given by TxDOT does not include concurrencies
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# Labyrinth (Antarctica)
The **Labyrinth** (77 33 S 160 48 E name=Labyrinth) is an extensive flat upland area which has been deeply eroded, at the west end of Wright Valley, in Victoria Land, Antarctica. It was so named by the Victoria University of Wellington Antarctic Expedition (VUWAE) (1958--59) because the eroded dolerite of which it is formed gives an appearance of a labyrinth.
## Location
The Labyrinth lies in the western Wright Valley. The Asgard Range, Mount Thor and Linnaeus Terrace are to the south. The Olympus Range and Mount Dido are to the north. Minotaur Pass provides a route through the Olympus Range to McKelvey Valley. The Wright Upper Glacier fills the Wright Valley to the west, and the Dais lies to the east. The Dais Col connects the east edge of the Labyrinth to the west edge of the Dais.
## Ponds
### Connell Pond {#connell_pond}
. A freshwater frozen pond. The pond lies in Healy Trough, 0.5 nmi south of Rodriquez Pond. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) (2004) after Laurie Connell, University of Maine, Orono; leader of a United States Antarctic Project (USAP) field party that sampled the pond in 2003-04.
### Headwall Pond {#headwall_pond}
. A very small ice-covered pond. The pond lies along a rock headwall close northeast of Craig Pond. The descriptive name was suggested by the United States Antarctic Project (USAP) field party that sampled the pond in 2003-04.
### Craig Pond {#craig_pond}
. A freshwater frozen pond 0.85 nmi east of Dauphin Pond. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) (2004) after Scott D. Craig, United States Fish and Wildlife Service, East Orland, ME; member of a United States Antarctic Project (USAP) party that field sampled Labyrinth ponds in 2003-04.
### Sarcophagus Pond {#sarcophagus_pond}
. A small ice-covered pond 0.15 nmi east-northeast of Dauphin Pond. A descriptive name suggested by the United States Antarctic Project (USAP) field party that sampled the pond in the 2003-04 season. A rock in the middle of the pond is shaped like a stone coffin.
### Dauphin Pond {#dauphin_pond}
. A freshwater frozen pond. The pond is near the southwest extremity of Healy Trough, 0.2 nmi east of the Wright Upper Glacier terminus. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) (2004) after a USCG Dauphin helicopter (HH-65A) that landed on the pond January 20, 2004, in the course of sampling the pond.
### Jackson Pond {#jackson_pond}
. A freshwater frozen pond midway between the terminus of Wright Upper Glacier and Anvil Pond. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) (2004) after J.K. Jackson, Department of Geology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL; a member of the core legging and processing team during the McMurdo Dry Valleys Drilling Project, 1974-75.
### Anvil Pond {#anvil_pond}
. A freshwater frozen pond to the west of Healy Trough and 0.6 nmi northwest of Rodriquez Pond. The name was suggested by a United States Antarctic Project (USAP) field party, 2003-04, because a rock in this small pond looks like an anvil.
### Rodriquez Pond {#rodriquez_pond}
. A freshwater frozen pond. The pond is the larger of the two ponds that lie west of Hoffman Ledge in Healy Trough. It is just southeast of smaller Redman Pond. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) after Russell Rodriquez, United States Geological Survey, Seattle, WA; member of a United States Antarctic Project (USAP) party that sampled the pond in 2003-04.
### Redman Pond {#redman_pond}
. A frozen freshwater pond. The pond is the smaller of the two ponds west of Hoffman Ledge in Healy Trough. It is just northwest of larger Rodriquez Pond (q.v.). Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) (2004) after Regina Redman, United States Geological Survey, Seattle, WA; member of a United States Antarctic Project (USAP) field party in the Labyrinth in 2003-04.
## Other features {#other_features}
### Hoffman Ledge {#hoffman_ledge}
. An arcuate flat-topped ridge, 1.8 nmi long and 0.5 nmi wide, located west of Dais Col. The relatively level ledge rises to 1000 m and is bounded west and north by Healy Trough. Cliffs and slopes bordering the ledge rise from 50 m to over 100 m above the trough. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) after J.H. (Jack) Hoffman of the Geophysics Division, DSIR, superintendent of the New Zealand drilling team engaged in the McMurdo Dry Valleys Drilling Project, 1973-76.
### Healy Trough {#healy_trough}
. A primary elongate trough, extending diagonally southwest-northeast across the east part of the Labyrinth. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) (2004) after Terry R. Healy, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand, who, with John Shaw, published observations on the formation of the Labyrinth following a visit in the 1975-76 season
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# Athena (Marvel Comics)
**Athena** is a fictional deity appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. She is based on the Greek Goddess of the same name.
## Publication history {#publication_history}
Athena first appeared in *The Mighty Thor* #164 (May 1969), and was adapted from Greek mythology by writer Stan Lee and artist Jack Kirby.
## Fictional character biography {#fictional_character_biography}
Athena is the daughter of Zeus and Metis, having emerged fully formed from her father\'s brow after Zeus consumed Metis in hopes of avoiding a male child who would succeed him, as he had his father. She took the place of the goddess of wisdom, war, and heroic endeavor in the Olympian pantheon. Her grey owl companion is named Pallas, a reference to her own name.
In her first appearance, Athena stood alongside Zeus when he forbade Pluto from interfering on Earth. She then observed Pluto\'s later conflict with Zeus. Athena later accompanied Zeus to a meeting with Odin, who had requested Olympian aid in opposing the Eternals. As a result, she participated in the assault on the Eternal home city of Olympia, and fought her counterpart among the Eternals, Thena, for whom she evinces tremendous dislike.
Athena later battled Thor when Zeus had convinced her that the Avengers were enemies of Olympus. The battle ended when Thor saved her from a pool of molten metal in Hephaestus\' workshop, and she realized that Thor was not her enemy. Athena, Hephaestus, and Venus went with the Avengers to heal the wounded Hercules, but Zeus was at his bedside and blasted them all with lightning. Zeus then forbade Athena and all Olympians from interfering with the Earth.
In modern times, Athena is responsible for Aegis gaining his superhuman powers from her gift of her aegis breastplate.
Athena later battled Pluto, and then met with the other Olympian gods to discuss their distaste at Ares\' brutality. When Olympus was then invaded by Mikaboshi\'s demons, Athena fought for Olympus and looked to Ares for battlefield strategy. Athena joined the Olympians in battle against Mikaboshi\'s forces, and prevailed with the aid of the benevolent gods of the east.
She next appeared in *The Incredible Hercules*, offering shelter to Hercules and Amadeus Cho at her estate in Vermont, and warning Hercules about both Ares, and Amadeus\' potential for becoming good or evil. After Hercules and Amadeus ultimately make it to her estate, she warns them of the threat of the Secret Invasion, and takes them to San Francisco, to convene a meeting of Earth\'s various pantheons, in the shadow of the Dreaming Celestial to discuss the threat. Following the \"God Squad\"\'s victory, and Mikaboshi\'s takeover of the Skrull slave deities, Athena is shown watching from her scrying pool, and she says that this is an even better result than she had planned for. She expresses no alarm or shock when Mikaboshi vows to get revenge on the Olympians. Athena is thus confirmed not to be a Skrull.
In the past, she was shown using her foresight to predict the birth of Amadeus Cho and the events of the World War Hulk, predicting that while the still young Hercules would grow to be a force for good, Amadeus would always be her champion, foretelling the modern times and his final choosing in becoming a force for good himself, and her and Hercules\' helper. Thus she accepted him as her helper.
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# Athena (Marvel Comics)
## Fictional character biography {#fictional_character_biography}
### The Olympus Group {#the_olympus_group}
Meanwhile, Hera and Pluto have taken over the Olympus Group, the modern day seat of power for the Olympians, via the inherited shares of Zeus\' and by buying out Poseidon, and have decided the company has a new major goal: the deaths of Athena and Hercules. As a part of her master plan, Hera kills Aegis, a hero favored by Athena. Using his body as a bait, she lures Athena, Amadeus and Hercules into a trap. Among Hera\'s retinue is Delphyne Gorgon, who wishes to kill Athena in revenge for her cursing the original Gorgons. Athena formulates a new plan to counter Hera, and the heroes escape in the midst of a battle between Hera\'s forces and the Dark Avengers.
When they arrive in Atlantic City, Athena revealed that she\'s sending them to Hades to retrieve Zeus. They are successful and Zeus is reborn as a young boy, although without his memories, but he still has weather control. As Amadeus leaves them to find his sister, Athena and Hercules race to hide Zeus with The Mighty Avengers. Cho, meanwhile, departs to uncover the truth behind his parents\' death and his sister\'s disappearance, uncertain whether to trust her any longer. Subsequently, he learns that in fact Athena has been posing as an ally of his, former FBI Agent Sexton, to aid him on his adventure, and that she intervened even earlier to save his life from the murder attempt that killed his family. It is revealed that Pythagoras Dupree was Athena\'s original choice to be her champion, but he refused the position, and, retreating inside an elaborate web of realities, began killing anyone who could possibly lead Athena to him. Cho, after confronting Dupree, rejoins Athena, and shares with her information about Hera\'s superweapon, Continuum.
Athena reveals to Cho that he is her choice to be the next Prince of Power, as the \'hero of the mind\', as opposed to the hero of strength that Hercules represented. Further, as there cannot be more than one Prince of Power at any one time, this means that Hercules will soon meet his death. Cho vows to prevent this, even as they gather forces to mount an assault on New Olympus. Athena provides Aphrodite with information on her enemies, the Agents of Atlas, in exchange for her distracting Ares from joining the battle. Using the aegis breastplate taken from Aegis, Hephaestus forged a helmet channeling the power of the Medusa head, which Delphyne used to turn Athena to stone. Hephaestus then planned on creating a mold of her face to place on one of his automatons to bring with him to the new universe. However, she is freed from this by the death of Zeus, which transfers his divine thunderbolt to her, she then starts calling herself Athena Panhellenios. After Hercules defeats Typhon within the alternate universe Hera\'s machine created, Athena reveals that Hercules must die so that Cho can take his place as Prince of Power, and, tearfully saying that she considers herself Hercules\' real mother and that she fed him Hera\'s milk to increase his power, she destroys the machine, seemingly killing him. Athena later attends Hercules\'s funeral with Neptune, Hebe, Apollo and Pluto, presenting Amadeus Cho (whose own relationship with her has been deeply strained due to Hercules\'s demise and her initial lack of attendance at his funeral), with an offer to have him serve as the new head of their Olympus Group. Apollo challenges Athena for leadership of the Olympians, leading a brawl between various champions, with Athena and her allies triumphing. Cho initially declines her offer, but accepts upon learning that Hercules is not in the Underworld, vowing to use the Groups\' resources to locate him.
Now the leader of the Olympians, Athena is shown meeting with the Council of Godheads to discuss the new Heroic Age, and who should be selected to confront the coming darkness of Mikaboshi. Other Skyfathers suggest Thor, Iron Man, and Captain America, but Athena states that Cho will save the world. Subsequently, upon Vali Halfling\'s capture of the Olympus Group headquarters, Athena is severely weakened by the snuffing of the Promethean Flame, and is then captured by Halfling\'s men upon returning to the Olympus Group from the panicked Council of Godheads. Delphyne Gorgon, who escaped her cell, at first confronted Athena, but was then convinced to help her defeat Halfling\'s men and attempt to locate the Flame. Following Cho and Delphyne\'s defeat of Halfling, the Flame is restored by Cho\'s new divine powers and Athena returns to her full power, released from captivity, just as the Chaos King Amatsu-Mikaboshi prepares to invade Earth, destroy every trace of life in the Marvel Universe, mortal and immortal, and annihilate all reality at long last in his devastating *Chaos War*.
During the *Chaos War* storyline, Sersi asked Hercules why wise Athena was not with him and Amadeus. Hercules told her that Athena tried to kill him, and had fled when he returned to Earth. After Amatsu-Mikaboshi decimates the realms of Earth\'s pantheons and seemingly absorbs the God Squad into his own void, Athena (with her pet owl Pallas) appears to him, telling him to focus on only Hercules and Cho, his two true threats, and that none of this would have been possible if not for the wisdom of his \"greatest servant\". Athena insists to Amatsu-Mikaboshi that he would need her aid in the final battle to destroy Hercules, telling him that Creation would simply emerge from his void even if he did triumph, but the Chaos King enslaves her in turn. Athena brutally attacks Hercules with all her power, screaming that she exiled him to Hera\'s Continuum bubble universe because she sought to protect him from the Chaos King, but even in death, Hercules was as stubborn as he was in life. Hercules, with the help of Gaea and her daughter Pele, destroys and recreates himself with the full power of Skyfather, casually annihilating Athena with one gesture.
Though the combined efforts of Hercules, Cho, and their God Squad, bolstered by the aid of Earth\'s few surviving gods, are unable to stop Amatsu-Mikaboshi, they manage to trick Amatsu-Mikaboshi into returning the Continuum bubble reality back into the Primordial Void instead of their own universe, whereupon an apparently restored Athena appears to Hercules, revealing that she had seen what could have happened all along, and that long had she been planning for her brother to rise forth as Skyfather of a new and cleansed world, as \"the greatest of men\" and \"the greatest of gods\". However, overriding her protests, Hercules instead sacrifices all his divine power and immortality to undo all the damage that the Chaos King had wrought upon Creation and raise Olympus upon Earth. With Delphyne still trapped in her cursed guise, Athena still lives even after the end of the Chaos War, although with Zeus and Hera\'s restoration to high power, she is no longer the Olympian Godhead.
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# Athena (Marvel Comics)
## Powers and abilities {#powers_and_abilities}
Athena is the mistress of many forms of knowledge. She is an extraordinary swordswoman, combat strategist, and hand-to-hand combatant. As the goddess of wisdom, Athena has devoted a great deal of time throughout the centuries to studying and mastering many areas of knowledge including all fields of non-technical science, the arts, literature, and humanities. Also, as the goddess of battle, Athena is highly adept at multiple forms of combat both armed and unarmed, possessing fighting skills eclipsing those of even gods as her brother Hercules, but not of the likes of such as Asgardians Odin and Thor, and is a highly competent military strategist even superior to her half-brother Ares, being a super-genius even among the deities of Earth and possessing a degree of \"cosmic awareness\" that renders her essentially omniscient when using it, claiming to simultaneously run ninety-seven plans to \"save the world\" through her head at any moment. She is a master of the weapons used at the time of ancient Greece and Rome including the sword, spear, and shield (though has, in both ancient and modern times, preferred using only a mace and roundshield in combat in most instances), and has also demonstrated some level of proficiency with archery and horseback riding whilst on Olympus. While Athena does not project energy in the form of bolts often, she has done so while in combat with Thena during the assault on the Eternals of Olympia, albeit through her sword.
Athena possesses the conventional powers of the Olympian gods including superhuman strength, speed, agility, reflexes and stamina, the inability to age upon reaching adulthood as a sign of true immortality, immunity to terrestrial diseases and harm from conventional means and a regenerative ability that heals wounds rapidly should she indeed be injured, although she cannot regrow limbs. Even on Earth, she appears to still possess the power of immortality, as she survived a massive explosion caused by Pythagoras Dupree that was sufficient to annihilate an entire town, and her physical durability and resilience is such that Athena is bulletproof, more resistant to harm than even gods such as Apollo and Hermes and as much so as Ares. Athena is significantly stronger than the average Olympian female and somewhat stronger than the average Olympian male. Even on Earth, after many months, Athena has shown herself to retain some degree of superhuman strength, such as hurling her mace with such force it causes an explosion on a highly advanced Atlantean aircraft.
Athena possesses considerable magical abilities as an Olympian goddess. She can fly at great speed, change her size or form to appear as another person, animal or object, even altering her hair color on certain occasions (though her transmutation abilities have been described as \"limited\"), render herself and other beings invisible from mortal eyesight (for example when she was a secret participant in the Trojan War), create illusory images, animate inanimate objects, and control the shape and form of objects or people (notably she changed the physical appearance of Trey Rollins, the New Warrior youth aka Aegis). Athena can also project mystical energy bolts, cross the distance between dimensions (as well as grant others unlimited passage to and from the realm of Olympus, as she did with Trey Rollins) and materialize objects, as well as one time empowering the mortal Prince Argive so he could strike Ares a near-fatal wound. Athena has also cast permanent curses upon mortals, such as her enchantment which struck Teiresias blind but also opened his ears to the whispers of the gods, making him a great prophet, as well as casting the spell on Arachne that changed her into a spider, and placing the curse upon Medusa Gorgon and all her descendants that stripped them of their beauty and made them into monsters, a curse which apparently cannot be broken through any scientific means, as the Delphyne Gorgon has claimed that the Gorgons have tried dozens of times in the past millennia without any success, leading them to believe that the only way to undo her spell would be to slay her, or, as proved to be the case, turn Athena into stone by channeling the power of Medusa herself. Athena\'s ability to project mystical energy is considered among the greatest of the Olympians, surpassed only by a few special deities of her pantheon, such as Zeus, Hera, Pluto, Poseidon, and Apollo. She is also accompanied by her sacred pet owl, Pallas, who is either perched on her shoulder or deployed in the field to gather intelligence.
While she joined with Hercules and Amadeus Cho, she has yet to demonstrate such wide use of her godly abilities (possibly greatly weakened on Earth, as in the case of the other Olympians and most Asgardians), though she has most commonly used it to change from her regular mortal garb into full battle armor or disguise herself as humans (such as Agent Sexton) as well as summon her mace and shield. She has also shown herself capable of pinpointing the current location of the Aegis breastplate mentally, as if it was her \"own skin\", and once vanished into thin air, apparently teleporting herself away, after speaking with Amadeus Cho. Athena also bears the gift of foresight, which she used to predict the future birth of Amadeus Cho and his eventual role as the *Prince of Power*, several millennia later, and is able to project images of such futures in thin air at will, and is also capable of engaging in aerial combat when necessary, even after many months on Earth, as she has shown when battling a group of harpies, demonstrating the ability of flight.
Athena possesses a scrying pool, enabling her to see into other dimensions, even into the dimensions of alien Skrull deities virtually unreachable, without detection.
Following the death of both Zeus and Hera, Athena has inherited Zeus\'s divine thunderbolt and is now capable of wielding it, making her the new Godhead for the remaining members of the Greek pantheon and the Queen of Olympus, raising her power to a much higher scale, potentially on a level to that of the other members of the Council Elite. Athena has since assumed the new godly title of ***Athena Panhellenios***. Since then, Athena has shown herself capable of easily teleporting herself away, force back the gathered mourners at her temple, even Thor himself (whilst armed with her Thunderbolt), contact others on Earth from the Celestial Axis of the Council Elite by projecting her image in a scrying screen in midair and voice across planes of existence, and, even in a severely weakened state following the quenching of the Promethean Flame, was able to open a gateway between the Celestial Axis (meeting place of the Council Elite) and the Olympus Group headquarters in the Earth dimension. Her blessing that made Amadeus the new Prince of Power was also potent enough to shield him from the Chaos King\'s strike on the minds of Earth\'s mortals using the powers he claimed from the slain Nightmare, and she was able to project a minor projection of the Creation event to the Chaos King over her hand.
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# Athena (Marvel Comics)
## Reception
### Accolades
- In 2019, *CBR.com* ranked Athena 7th in their \"Marvel Comics: The 10 Most Powerful Olympians\" list.
- In 2021, *CBR.com* ranked Athena 5th in their \"Marvel: 10 Most Powerful Olympians\" list.
- In 2021, *CBR.com* ranked Athena 3rd in their \"Marvel: 10 Smartest Female Characters\" list.
- In 2022, *Screen Rant* included Athena in their \"10 Most Powerful Olympian Gods In Marvel Comics\" list.
- In 2022, *Sportskeeda* ranked Athena 4th in their \"10 best Greek gods from Marvel comics \" list
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# Stefano Bettarello
**Stefano Bettarello** (born 2 April 1958 in Rovigo) is an Italian former rugby union player. He played as a fly-half for several clubs, mainly Rovigo and Benetton Treviso, winning an Italian Championship with each.
Son of Romano Bettarello and nephew of Ottorino Bettarello, both international players for Italy, he was considered amongst of the best Italian players of his generation. He won 55 full caps for Italy, from 1979 to 1988, scoring 7 tries, 46 conversions, 104 penalties and 17 drop goals totalising 483 points, that made him the second best international scorer for his country after Diego Dominguez. He played in the FIRA Championships and Mediterranean Cups.
In 1987 he was the first Italian ever to be invited by the Barbarians
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# Spencer Eccles
**Spencer Fox Eccles** (born August 24, 1934, Ogden, Utah) is a prominent financier and philanthropist in Salt Lake City, Utah and chairman emeritus of the Intermountain Region of Wells Fargo Corporation. From 1982 to 2000, he was chairman and chief executive officer of First Security Corporation of Salt Lake City, which was, until its sale to Wells Fargo in 2000, the largest banking organization in the Mountain West measured by assets, deposits and market capitalization.
## Biography
Eccles is the son of Spencer Stoddard Eccles and Pauline Hope Fox and the grandson of Ellen Stoddard and David Eccles, a Utah banker and industrialist. He earned a Bachelor of Science in finance in 1956 from the University of Utah, where he was also a member of Beta Theta Pi, and a master of business administration in 1958 from Columbia University School of Business. Eccles is the nephew of both George S. Eccles and Marriner Stoddard Eccles.
In addition to his role at First Security, Eccles has also been a director of the Union Pacific Railroad, Intermountain Health Care, the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, the National Chamber of Commerce, the ZCMI Corporation, the Anderson Lumber Company, Amalgamated Sugar, the Alta Ski Corporation, the U.S. Ski and Snowboard Association, and the National Parks Foundation. He was a member of the three-person executive committee of the Salt Lake Olympic Organizing Committee and, in recognition of his critical contribution to the 2002 Olympic Games in Salt Lake, was appointed mayor of the Olympic Village during the games and received the Pierre de Coubertin Medal from the International Olympic Committee, the Olympic movement\'s highest honor.
## Family
The Eccles family is noted for its philanthropy in the West, and Eccles is actively involved in many of the various Eccles family foundations, including as chairman of the George S. and Dolores Dore Eccles Foundation, the largest philanthropic foundation in Utah, president of the Eccles Family Foundation, which he founded, and of the Marriner S. Eccles Foundation, and trustee of the Emma Eccles Jones Foundation and the Nora Eccles Treadwell Foundation. Utah news organizations have identified Eccles as one of the handful of most influential people in the state, along with the President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, the Governor, and Orrin Hatch, the state\'s former senior senator.
His daughter, Hope Eccles, is married to former Vice Chair of the Federal Reserve Randal Quarles
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# Goroka Airport
**Goroka Airport** is an airport in Goroka, Papua New Guinea.
## Domestic terminal {#domestic_terminal}
The Terminal operates two flights daily to Port Moresby. The departure lounge contains a snack shop and an Avis car hire center.
An Air Niugini Travel Agent operates beside the terminal
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# Julius Fromm
**Julius Fromm** (4 March 1883 -- 12 May 1945) was a Polish-German entrepreneur, chemist, and one of the inventors of the rubber condom and who also made several other elastomeric products such as rubber gloves and hot water bottles. Owing to his Jewish heritage, his company and personal property was stolen by the Nazis in aryanization when he left Germany for England in 1939. His legacy was not easily reclaimed by his relatives after the war however.
## Biography
Fromm was born in the town of Konin, Kalisz Governorate, the Kingdom of Poland. His parents were both Polish Jews and when Julius was ten years old his family left for Berlin in search of a better life. There, the family made a living by rolling cigarettes as many Eastern European Jews of Berlin did at the time. Julius\'s parents died young, so he was forced to take care of himself and his six siblings from the age of fifteen. As mechanization gradually replaced manual production, Fromm started attending evening classes in chemistry.
With World War I, Germany experienced a rapid liberalization of sexual values and sexually transmitted diseases spread rapidly. During this time, the majority of condoms were still made of \"skin\": chemically treated intestine or bladder. Rubber condoms were also available; they were made by wrapping raw rubber sheets around molds, then dipping them in a solution to vulcanize the rubber. In 1912, Fromm invented the *cement dipping* method, which made a thinner, seamless condom. Instead of working with rubber as a solid material, it was mixed with gasoline or benzene. This made it a liquid in which molds could be dipped. Fromm patented his invention in 1916. Mass production started in 1922 and was a great success---*Fromms Act*, as they were called, becoming the first brand-name condoms---which allowed the entrepreneur soon to open up branches in Denmark, the United Kingdom, Poland, and the Netherlands. *Fromms* became a synonym for *condom* in Germany. In 1920, Fromm was naturalized a German citizen. In 1928, the first condom vending machines were installed by Fromm\'s company, but the interior ministry only allowed it to advertise the hygienic advantages of condoms, not the condom\'s use as a contraceptive, because it feared a further decrease of the birth rate. The company also made baby bottle nipples and rubber gloves by dipping formers into a rubber solution.
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# Julius Fromm
## Nazi period {#nazi_period}
In 1938, however, under Nazi rule, the government forced Fromm to sell his factories for `{{Reichsmark|116,000|link=yes}}`{=mediawiki}, a fraction of their real value, to Baroness Elisabeth von Epenstein, Hermann Göring\'s godmother. The process was known as aryanization, and involved selling or auctioning property of Jews at well below market value to German citizens. In return Epenstein gave two castles, Veldenstein and Mauterndorf, to Göring. A year later he emigrated to London, where he died on 12 May 1945. Fromm\'s estate, which was worth the equivalent of approximately 30 million Euros, had already been auctioned off on 17 May 1943 for `{{Reichsmark||2,255}}`{=mediawiki}, though many items including a grand piano, plates, and his library had already been bought or stolen before.
Fromms\' factory in Köpenick was almost completely destroyed by Allied Air raids, the remaining machinery was shipped to the Soviet Union, as it lay in the Soviet sector of Berlin. The Friedrichshagen factory continued to produce condoms, especially for the Red Army. The factories would have been returned to Fromm\'s family according to the Potsdam Agreement, however the company was nationalized by the Communist government.
In East Germany, Fromms condoms were produced by the Volkseigener Betrieb \"Plastina\", the brand was renamed to \"Mondos\".
In West Germany, Julius Fromm\'s son Herbert Fromm was forced to pay DM 174,000 to Otto Metz-Randa for the rights to the name *Fromm*. Metz-Randa, Elisabeth von Epenstein\'s lover, had acquired these rights after the death of Göring\'s godfather, and managed to transform himself from a profiteer of \"Entjudung\" (de-jewification) to a victim of the National Socialist regime. Herbert Fromm licensed a Bremen company to produce *Fromms* condoms, which---now called Mapa---produces them to the present day
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# Luigi Troiani
**Luigi Rosario Troiani** (born 25 February 1964 in Afragola, Province of Naples) is an Italian rugby player. He usually played as a fullback and sometimes as a scrum-half.
He played all his career at L\'Aquila Rugby, from 1981/82 to 1996/97, when he called it to an end. He won the title of Italian Champion in 1994/94.
He had 47 caps for the Italian national team, from 1985 to 1995, scoring 2 tries, 57 conversions and 57 penalties, in an aggregate of 294 points. Troiani played at the 1991 Rugby World Cup, in two matches, and the 1995 Rugby World Cup, once again in two matches
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# Hoskins Airport
**Hoskins Airport** (IATA: **HKN**, ICAO: **AYHK**) is an airport in Hoskins (on the island of New Britain) in Papua New Guinea. The airport serves Kimbe - the capital of West New Britain province. Mount Pago is 16 km from the airport.
In December 2015, the Hoskins Kimbe Airport in West New Britain underwent major upgrades that have improved its airport service standards and revitalized the local economy.
The redevelopments to the Hoskins Airport include airstrip extensions, strengthened pavements, construction of a perimeter fence, installation of an eco-friendly sewerage system, solar-powered street lights, and a marketplace inside the airport boundary reserved for locals to sell their arts, crafts, and produce.
The National Airport Corporation and the Asian Development Bank coordinated the Hoskins Airport upgrade and employed the services of the local community in the project.
West New Britain Province, as a travel destination in Papua New Guinea, is well known for its world-class scuba-diving and game fishing.
The National Flag carrier Air Niugini and PNG Air operate daily flights to Hoskins Kimbe from major airports like Port Moresby, Lae, and Kokopo
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# Turnip yellow mosaic virus
**Turnip yellow mosaic virus** (TYMV) is an isometric *Tymovirus* of the family *Tymoviridae*. Its host range is confined almost entirely to plants in the genus *Brassica* in western Europe, which includes cabbages, cauliflower and broccoli. Infection causes bright yellow mosaic disease showing vein clearing and mottling of plant tissues.
## Transmission
It is transmitted by sap as well as a host of insect vectors. The most prominent of these are in the *Phyllotreta* and *Psylliodes* genera of flea beetles, although *Phaedon cochleariae* and its larva have also been known to help spread this virus. The larva lose their ability to transmit the disease once they reach the pupal stage, suggesting a mechanical infection process
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# Miles Franklin Yount
**Miles Franklin \"Frank\" Yount** (born January 31, 1880, in Monticello, Arkansas, died November 13, 1933, in Beaumont, Texas) eventually came to head up one of the most successful private oil companies in the United States.
## Career
Although famous in later years as the \"Godfather of Beaumont\", Frank\'s early life is shrouded in mystery. After his father\'s death at age fifty, Frank was forced to leave school and take on the mantle of additional responsibilities. In 1897, however, he and a younger brother, Sullie, left Arkansas and traveled to the Texas Gulf Coast. In the beginning, they made their living digging irrigation canals for rice farmers, and later the two became water-well drillers, until finally, they succumbed to oil fever.
Beaumont was home to the famous Lucas Gusher that brought in the great Spindletop Oil Boom of 1901. At age twenty-four, Frank began his quest for oil riches that led him to such boom towns as Sour Lake, Saratoga, and Batson. He teamed up with another future Texas giant, John Henry Phelan, but he never made any serious inroads at discovering oil until he formed a partnership with Thomas Peter Lee, an oil investor based out of Houston. Lee provided the funds and allowed Yount the freedom to drill where and when he wanted.
With the formation of the Yount-Lee Oil Company on December 22, 1914, Yount made his mark in the area of deep drilling, much of that on the flanks of old oil fields thought to be depleted. In 1923, he moved his company from Sour Lake to Beaumont, where he and wife Pansy, bought and renovated "El Ocaso," a magnificent mansion located on Calder Avenue, known once as "Millionaires' Row."
In Beaumont, Yount formed a working relationship with Marrs McLean, "The Second Prophet of Spindletop." McLean held most of the leases at Spindletop Oil Field which by 1923, according to a majority of oil experts, had run its course. Yount took over McLean\'s leases, and entered agreements with other property owners in and around the old field. To the surprise of most, on November 14, 1925, Yount-Lee brought in a well that regenerated Spindletop, and from that point, the company grew by leaps and bounds.
## Personal
On the personal side, Yount used his wealth to benefit his fellow man, and on at least two occasions during the Great Depression, his company loaned the City of Beaumont enough money to pay its city workers. He also bought some of the most expensive and classy automobiles of the day, owning at the same time three Duesenbergs, a Pierce-Arrow, a Cord, and an Austin Coupe. (As the story goes Mr. Yount walked into the Duesenberg factory and told the sales manager which three cars he wished to buy. Being quoted the cost, Yount asked if he could write out a check for all three automobiles? The sales manager looking at Mr. Yount\'s with a Texas address asked Mr. Yount if they could contact his Beaumont bank to confirm the check\'s validity? When called the Beaumont bank president inquired just how much the total would be for the cars? When told the amount the president told Duesenberg\'s sales manager, please have Mr. Yount make his check out for \$50,000. He is good for it and we will cover it!) He built Spindletop Stables in Beaumont, stocked it with American Saddlebreds, and hired famous horse trainer, William Capers \"Cape\" Grant to run it. Later in Kentucky, this stable would play a very important part in the legacy of that particular breed.
## Death
Upon his sudden death caused by a massive heart attack on November 13, 1933, Frank Yount\'s estate was valued at over \$8 million, and when the stockholders sold Yount-Lee on July 31, 1935, the sale amounted to \$46.2 million, putting it as the third largest financial transaction in the United States to that point.
Yount, a regent of the University of Texas, was survived by his wife, Pansy, and their adopted daughter, Mildred Frank. He is buried at Beaumont\'s Magnolia Cemetery
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# Asgard Range
The **Asgard Range** (77 37 S 161 30 E name=Asgard Range) is a mountain range in Victoria Land, Antarctica. It divides Wright Valley from Taylor Glacier and Taylor Valley. It is south of the Olympus Range and north of the Quartermain Mountains and the Kukri Hills.
## Name
The Asgard Range was named by the Victoria University of Wellington Antarctic Expedition (1958--59) after Asgard, the home of the Norse gods.
## Location
The Asgard Range extends in a west--east direction from Wright Upper Glacier, below the Antarctic Plateau, to Mount Newall above the Wilson Piedmont Glacier, which extends along the west coast of the Ross Sea. To the north, the Asgard Range is separated from the Olympus Range by the Wright Upper Glacier and the Wright Valley, from which the Wright Lower Glacier flows into the Wilson Piedmont Glacier. To the south, the Taylor Glacier and Taylor Valley separate the Asgard Range from the Quartermain Mountains and the Kukri Hills.
## Surrounding major glaciers and valleys {#surrounding_major_glaciers_and_valleys}
- Wright Upper Glacier is an ice apron at the upper west end of Wright Valley in the Asgard Range. It is formed by a glacier flowing east from the inland ice plateau.
- Wright Valley is a large east--west trending valley, formerly occupied by a glacier but now ice free except for Wright Upper Glacier at its head and Wright Lower Glacier at its mouth, in Victoria Land, Antarctica. It defines the north boundary of the Asgard Range.
- Taylor Glacier is a glacier in Antarctica about 35 nmi long, flowing from the plateau of Victoria Land into the western end of Taylor Valley, north of the Kukri Hills. It flows to the south of the Asgard Range. The middle part of the glacier is bounded on the north by the Inland Forts.
- Taylor Valley is an ice-free valley about 18 nmi long, once occupied by the receding Taylor Glacier. It lies north of the Kukri Hills between the Taylor Glacier and New Harbour. It defines the south boundary of the Asgard Range.
- Newall Glacier is a glacier in the east part of the Asgard Range. It flows east between Mount Newall and Mount Weyant into the Wilson Piedmont Glacier.
- Wilson Piedmont Glacier is a large piedmont glacier extending from Granite Harbour to Marble Point on the coast of Victoria Land.
## Major features {#major_features}
The Asgard Range contains numerous named features such as peaks, valleys, and glaciers, and even some sub-ranges. Many are named after Norse gods and mythological figures, in keeping with the name of the range itself. Major features, from west to east, include:
- The Inland Forts are a line of peaks extending between Northwest Mountain and Saint Pauls Mountain. They are at the west end of the Asgard Range.
- Pearse Valley is an ice-free valley 3 nmi long, lying immediately west of Catspaw Glacier, at the south side of the Asgard Range.
- Mount Odin is the most prominent peak, though not the highest, in the Asgard Range. It rises over 2000 m just south of Lake Vanda.
- Horowitz Ridge is a rock ridge between David Valley and King Valley.
- Roa Ridge is a bow-shaped ridge, 5 mi long. For much of its extent, it separates Matterhorn Glacier and Lacroix Glacier.
- Mount Falconer is a mountain, 810 m high, surmounting Lake Fryxell on the north wall of Taylor Valley, between Mount McLennan and Commonwealth Glacier in Antarctica.
- Mount Newall is a peak, 1,920 m high, the northeast extremity of Asgard Range.
- Flint Ridge is a north-south trending ridge with a summit elevation of 995 m.
- MacDonald Hills is a compact group of exposed rock hills in the Asgard Range, east of Commonwealth Glacier on the north side of lower Taylor Valley.
<File:Lacroix> Glacier 1958 01.jpg\|Lacroix Glacier in 1958 <File:Lake> Joyce.jpg\|Lake Joyce <File:Antarctica> Hiking the Commonwealth Glacier
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# Third Force (France)
The **Third Force** (*Troisième Force*, `{{IPA|fr|tʁwazjɛm fɔʁs|}}`{=mediawiki}) was a political alliance during the Fourth Republic (1947--1958) which gathered the French Section of the Workers\' International (SFIO) party, the Democratic and Socialist Union of the Resistance (UDSR), the Radicals, the Popular Republican Movement (MRP) and other centrist politicians who were opposed to both the French Communist Party (PCF) and the Gaullist movement. The Third Force governed France from 1947 to 1951, succeeding the *tripartisme* alliance between the SFIO, the MRP and the PCF. The Third Force was also supported by the National Centre of Independents and Peasants (CNIP), which succeeded in having its most popular figure, Antoine Pinay, named Prime Minister in 1952, a year after the dissolving of the Third Force coalition.
## History
During the later decades of the Third Republic, the majority of French voters and deputies belonged to the spectrum of numerous small liberal and republican parties of the centre-left and centre-right. During election-time, this spectrum tended to split in half, its centre-left wing cooperating in electoral lists with the main social-democratic/socialist party, the French Section of the Workers\' International (SFIO), and its centre-right wing with the main Catholic party, the Republican Federation (URD), itself a liberal/republican party. Periodically, however, the parties of the broad centre attempted to form an alliance amongst themselves to lock out socialists and the religious liberal right from power: the policy of creating a government of \'third force\' through the tactic of \'republican concentration\'. At that time, given the balance of political support and the divisions among the republicans, such a tactic was rarely successful.
After the war and the installation of the Fourth Republic, the appearance of powerful mass political movements on the far-left and far-right, the French Communist Party and the Gaullists, provided a renewed incentive for the miscellaneous parties of the centre to combine their forces to lock out the extremes. The Third Force government was organised after the dismissal of vice-premier Maurice Thorez and four other Communist ministers from Paul Ramadier\'s government during the May 1947 crisis. The May 1947 crisis can be summarized as: \"The Communists\' refusal to continue support for the French colonial reconquest of Vietnam on one hand and a wage-freeze during a period of hyperinflation on the other were the immediate triggers to the dismissal of Thorez and his colleagues from the ruling coalition in May 1947\". Nevertheless, the heterogeity of the Third Force increased the ministerial instability. Although it kept its majority after the 1951 legislative election, in part due to the change of voting system, it split over economic policies, *laïcité* and the financing of denominational schools. The SFIO left the cabinet and the following governments were formed by centrist and centre-right parties: the Radical Party, the UDSR, the MRP and the National Centre of Independents and Peasants.
The idea of reviving a Third Force between the centre-left and the centre-right in France has been raised periodically ever since. The Socialist Gaston Defferre and the Radical Jean-Jacques Servan-Schreiber advocated such an alliance in the 1960s, culminating in Defferre\'s disastrous candidacy in the 1969 presidential election. Presidents Valéry Giscard d\'Estaing and François Mitterrand later unsuccessfully tried to revive the Third Force, the latter doing so in a sense by pursuing a policy of \"ouverture\" toward the Union for French Democracy after the failure of Mitterrand\'s Socialist Party and its allies to gain an outright majority in the 1988 legislative election. However, each time, the most important right-wing party, the Rally for the Republic (RPR), opposed such an alliance. This strategy is now followed by François Bayrou and the Democratic Movement (MoDem), a centrist party
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# Steven S. Smith
Steven Smith}}
**Steven S. Smith** (born July 8, 1953) is Professor of Political Science at Arizona State University. He also is the Kate M. Gregg Emeritus Professor of Social Sciences and Professor Emeritus of Political Science at Washington University in St. Louis. For many years, he was the Director of the Weidenbaum Center on the Economy, Government, and Public Policy, He served on the faculties of George Washington University, Northwestern University, and the University of Minnesota and was a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution. Smith is one of the leading scholars of legislative institutions and congressional politics. He served as editor of *Legislative Studies Quarterly* and chaired the Legislative Studies Section of the American Political Science Association.
Smith\'s popular \"Steve\'s Notes on Congressional Politics\" provides short background essays on important feature of congressional policy making.
Smith has authored or edited many books on U.S. congressional politics and parliamentary politics in Russia, including a 2014 book, *The Senate Syndrome.*
Smith\'s books include \"Steering the Senate: The Emergence of Party Organization and Leadership, 1789--2024\" (Cambridge University Press), with Gerald Gamm, *The Senate Syndrome: The Evolution of Procedure Warfare in the Modern U.S. Senate* (Univ of Oklahoma Press), *Party Influence in Congress* (Cambridge), *Call to Order: Floor Politics in the House and Senate* (Brookings), *Politics or Principle: Filibustering in the United States Senate* (Brookings), with Sarah Binder, *The Politics of Institutional Choice: The Formation of the Russian State Duma* (Princeton), with Thomas Remington, and *Politics Over Process: Partisan Conflict and Post-Passage Processes in the U.S. Congress* (University of Michigan Press), with Hong Min Park and Ryan J. Vander Wielen.
Smith\'s textbook on congressional politics, *The American Congress*, is in its tenth edition; the later editions were coauthored with Jason Roberts and Ryan Vander Wielen.
Smith edited popular readers for undergraduates: *The Principles and Practices of American Politics* (CQ Press), seven editions with Samuel Kernell, and *The American Congress Reader* (Cambridge), with Roberts and Vander Wielen.
Smith\'s edited volume, *Reforming the Presidential Nomination Process*, with Melanie Jane Springer, was published by Brookings in 2009
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# Paredes de Coura Festival
The **Paredes de Coura Festival**, currently named **Vodafone Paredes de Coura** for sponsorship reasons, is a music festival that is held every year, in August, at Praia do Taboão in Paredes de Coura, Portugal. The first edition was held in 1993.
It is currently one of the most popular summer music festivals in Portugal. In 2005, the Spanish edition of Rolling Stone named it as one of the five best summer festivals in Europe.
## Editions
Edition Year Dates Naming sponsor Headliners Notable acts Ticket price (full festival)
--------- ------ --------------------- ---------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
1 1993 20 August *None* Ecos da Cave Free
2 1994 12 August Ena Pá 2000
3 1995 18-19 August Kick Out The Jams, Xana
4 1996 2--4 August Imperial Shed Seven, Primitive Reason, The Raincoats Mão Morta, Da Weasel 1000 escudos
5 1997 15--17 August Paradise Lost, Smoke City, Rollins Band Mão Morta, Blasted Mechanism 2500 escudos
6 1998 14--16 August Red House Painters, The Divine Comedy, Tindersticks Atari Teenage Riot, Roni Size, Moonspell, Silence 4, Clã 4000 escudos
7 1999 13--15 August Sagres Deus, Suede, Guano Apes Mogwai, Sneaker Pimps, Gomez, Lamb, The Gift 5000 escudos
8 2000 11--13 August The The, Bad Religion, Mr. Bungle Coldplay, The Flaming Lips, Yo La Tengo, Ash, Jorge Palma 5000 escudos
9 2001 16--18 August Papa Roach, 3 Doors Down, Morcheeba Queens of the Stone Age, Stone Temple Pilots, Frank Black, The Gift, Wraygunn 7500 escudos
10 2002 12--17 August Korn, Puddle of Mudd, Gotan Project, Lee \"Scratch\" Perry Incubus, Counting Crows, Cousteau, Mad Professor, Sam The Kid
11 2003 17--21 August Optimus Alpha Blondy, Placebo, Queens of the Stone Age, The Cardigans PJ Harvey, Sizzla, Sum 41, Yeah Yeah Yeahs, Staind
12 2004 16--20 August Jon Spencer Blues Explosion, Motörhead, The Strokes, Kelis Scissor Sisters, Snow Patrol, Black Rebel Motorcycle Club, The Kills, Da Weasel 55 €
13 2005 15--18 August Foo Fighters, Pixies, Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds Queens of the Stone Age, Arcade Fire, Kaiser Chiefs, Killing Joke, The National
14 2006 15--17 August Heineken Morrissey, Bloc Party, Bauhaus Broken Social Scene, Yeah Yeah Yeahs, The Cramps, Gang of Four, Eagles of Death Metal 70 €
15 2007 12--15 August Babyshambles, Dinosaur Jr., Sonic Youth M.I.A., New York Dolls, Peter, Bjorn and John, Mando Diao, CSS
16 2008 31 July -- 3 August Sex Pistols, Primal Scream, The Mars Volta, Thievery Corporation Editors, Biffy Clyro, Mando Diao, The Lemonheads, Deus 70 €
17 2009 29 July --1 August *None* Patrick Wolf, Franz Ferdinand, Nine Inch Nails, The Hives Supergrass, Portugal. The Man, Jarvis Cocker, The Horrors, The Temper Trap
18 2010 28--31 July The Cult, Klaxons, The Prodigy Caribou, Peter Hook, Enter Shikari, White Lies, The Specials 70 €
19 2011 17--20 August Ritek Crystal Castles, Pulp, Kings of Convenience, Death From Above 1979 Deerhunter, Wild Beasts, Mogwai, Blonde Redhead, Two Door Cinema Club 75 €
20 2012 13--17 August EDP Deus, Kasabian, Ornatos Violeta Stephen Malkmus and the Jicks, Anna Calvi, Digitalism, Patrick Watson, The Temper Trap 80 €
21 2013 13--17 August Vodafone The Knife, Echo & the Bunnymen, Belle and Sebastian Justice (DJ set), Simian Mobile Disco, Alabama Shakes, Hot Chip, Calexico
22 2014 20--23 August Franz Ferdinand, Beirut, James Blake Janelle Monáe, Cut Copy, Cage The Elephant, Chvrches, Mac DeMarco
23 2015 19--22 August TV on the Radio, Tame Impala, The War on Drugs, Lykke Li Slowdive, Father John Misty, Charles Bradley, Ratatat, Mark Lanegan Band, Temples 85 €
24 2016 17--20 August Unknown Mortal Orchestra, LCD Soundsystem, Cage The Elephant, Chvrches Portugal. The Man, The Vaccines, The Tallest Man on Earth, Sleaford Mods, King Gizzard and the Lizard Wizard 90 €
25 2017 16--19 August Kae Tempest, At The Drive-In, Beach House, Foals Future Islands, Nick Murphy, King Krule, Car Seat Headrest, Ty Segall
26 2018 15--18 August The Blaze, Fleet Foxes, Skepta, Arcade Fire Slowdive, Jungle, Big Thief, King Gizzard and the Lizard Wizard, Linda Martini 100 €
27 2019 14--17 August The National, New Order, Father John Misty, Patti Smith Suede, Spiritualized, Deerhunter, Car Seat Headrest, Freddie Gibbs and Madlib 94 €
28 2022 16--20 August Beach House, Turnstile, The Blaze, Pixies Arlo Parks, BadBadNotGood, Idles, L\'Impératrice, Parquet Courts, Perfume Genius, Princess Nokia, Slowthai, Ty Segall & Freedom Band 120 €
29 2023 16--19 August Jessie Ware, Loyle Carner, Little Simz, Lorde Bicep, The Brian Jonestown Massacre, Explosions in the Sky, Kenny Beats, Tim Bernardes, The Walkmen, Wilco, Yo La Tengo, Yung Lean
30 2024 14--17 August Sampha, L\'Impératrice, Girl in Red, The Jesus and Mary Chain André 3000, Cat Power, Fontaines D.C
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# Mycobacterium murale
***Mycobacterium murale***
## Description
Gram-positive, nonmotile and acid-fast rods or coccobacilli (0.4-0.5 μm x 0.6-1.4 μm).
**Colony characteristics** Smooth and scotochromogenic colonies of saffron yellow color.
**Physiology**
- Growth on Middlebrook 7H10 agar at 10-37 °C, optimum at 30 °C within 5 days.
- Susceptible to amikacin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin and ethambutol.
- Resistant to isoniazid.
**Differential characteristics**
- *Mycobacterium murale* and *Mycobacterium tokaiense* share an identical 5\'-16S rDNA sequence
- However the ITS sequence of both species differs.
## Pathogenesis
- Not known.
## Type strain {#type_strain}
- First isolated from water-damaged indoor building material, Finland.
Strain MA112/96 = CCUG 39728 = CIP 105980 = DSM 44340 = HAMBI 2320 = JCM 13392
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# Tumbleweed Communications
**Tumbleweed Communications Corp.** provided secure messaging and secure file transfer solutions for enterprise and government customers. The company became a publicly traded company in 1999, trading on the NASDAQ stock exchange under the symbol TMWD. Tumbleweed Communications merged with Axway, a subsidiary of Sopra Group, in 2008.
Tumbleweed products were used to block security threats, protect information, and conduct business online. Tumbleweed provided solutions for inbound and outbound email protection, secure file routing, and identity validation that allow organizations to conduct business over the Internet. Tumbleweed offered these solutions in three product suites: MailGate, SecureTransport, and Validation Authority. MailGate provides protection against spam, viruses, and attacks, and enables policy-based message filtering, encryption, and routing. SecureTransport enables customers to safely exchange large files and transactions without proprietary software. Validation Authority determines the validity of digital certificates.
Tumbleweed had approximately 2,300 enterprise and government customers. Their market focus had been in the financial services, health care, and government.
## Merger
- Axway Software acquired Tumbleweed in 2008.
- Tumbleweed acquired Corvigo in 2004. With the acquisition, Tumbleweed gained the Linux-based anti-spam appliance MailGate.
- Tumbleweed acquired Valicert in 2003. The Valicert SecureTransport product was added to Tumbleweed\'s security suite.
- Tumbleweed acquired Worldtalk in 2000.
## Revenue
In 2005, Tumbleweed earned approximately \$US 50 million in gross revenue from the sale of their products and services. Of that, approximately \$US 3 million was from licensing their patents.\
In 2006, Tumbleweed reported \$US 62 million in revenue, with revenue growth over one year of 24%. In 2007, Tumbleweed reported \$US 57.50 million in revenue, with revenue growth over one year of -7.30%.
## Awards
In January 2007, Tumbleweed\'s MailGate 5550 was named *SC Magazine*'s Best of 2006 \"Recommended\" award in the Anti-Spam category.
## Patents
Tumbleweed has a patent portfolio including 22 utility patents and one issued US design patent.
US patent 6192407 is one of several owned by Tumbleweed that relates to document delivery systems that generate a unique URL for intended recipients of a document in order to deliver that document. Tumbleweed has licensed this and related patents in their patent portfolio to 29 companies. They filed several patent infringement lawsuits. Those that have been sued include:
- PayPal, This suit has been settled. Terms of the settlement have not been disclosed.
- Hallmark Cards, This suit has been settled. Hallmark agreed to take a license.
- Yahoo! and HSBC Bank USA, This suit has been settled. The terms have been described by Yahoo! and HSBC lawyers as favorable to Yahoo! and HSBC.
- DST Systems and NewRiver This suit has been settled. DST Systems and NewRiver will pay Tumbleweed four cents for each delivery of electronic information using a personalized, trackable URL.
Overall, Tumbleweed earns about 6% of its revenue from patent licensing
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# Outwitting History
***Outwitting History: The Amazing Adventures of a Man Who Rescued a Million Yiddish Books*** by Aaron Lansky is a memoir published by Algonquin Books in 2004. It was the recipient of the 2005 Massachusetts Book Award. The book is about the author\'s efforts to rescue a large number of books in the Yiddish language from destruction. According to the book, at age 23 Lansky read that thousands of the few remaining Yiddish books in North America were being discarded by the children of the books\' original Yiddish-speaking owners. The books meant nothing to many of those who had inherited them, as they had no knowledge of Yiddish. Thousands of volumes were thus being consigned to dumpsters and a whole literature was in danger of being lost. Lansky felt compelled to preserve the language, and issued a public appeal for unwanted Yiddish books. He received a very large number of responses and set out, with a team of volunteers, to retrieve and store the remaining Yiddish books.
## Synopsis
When Aaron Lansky was a Yiddish student in the late 1970s, he found it difficult to obtain Yiddish books for his studies. This caused him to have the idea of asking the broader community for Yiddish books, which he did by putting up signs around his area asking for donations. He quickly found that the number of individuals and institutions who wanted to donate books was enormous, as was the sheer number of books, which would otherwise be discarded. Lansky appealed to Jewish institutions to assist with his project of saving the Yiddish books, but there was very little interest from Jewish institutions to assist. For many, Yiddish was an unwanted and unwelcome reminder of an immigrant past. So, Lansky had to go about his project largely without institutional support. Lansky did gather community members who shared his care for preserving Yiddish, and they would assist him in the collection and transfer of the books. He recounts how emotional the process of picking up books often was, with the donors commonly insisting that the "zamlers" (book collectors) stay for food and crying when they eventually did hand over their precious books.
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# Outwitting History
## Background
Aaron Lansky began his work in collecting Yiddish books when he was a graduate student studying Yiddish literature. His initial interest in collecting second-hand Yiddish books emerged because he had difficulty finding the Yiddish texts required for his studies. When he began advertising locally that he was looking for Yiddish books, he was quickly overwhelmed by the response of donation offers. In mid-July 1980 Lansky set out on his first formal book collection trip. Soon after, Lansky realized that a huge project was emerging and that he would not be able to collect all the available Yiddish books on his own and so enlisted volunteer "zamlers", helpers who would collect books in conjunction with him.
In 1980 Lansky founded the National Yiddish Book Centre, which would ultimately hold over a million salvaged Yiddish Books.
In 1989, Lansky was a recipient of the MacArthur Fellowship for his work in preserving Yiddish literature and culture. In the early days of The Yiddish Book Center, the organization struggled financially, receiving very little monetary assistance from other Jewish institutions. Initially the center was housed in an old redbrick schoolhouse, in 1991 the town of Amherst reclaimed this building leaving the organization homeless. Lansky saw this as an opportunity to find a new permanent home for the center which would also better suit its needs. Ideally he wanted a space nearby to, and in collaboration with one of the local colleges, this aspiration would eventually be realized when a 10 acre apple orchard on the campus of Hampshire College was sold to the organization in 1994. This was able to eventuate because the college\'s then-president Gregory Prince was interested in creating a cultural village on the campus, made up of non-profit organizations who would benefit from the location and in turn learning with their unique resources. After securing land for the building, the organization then had to go about finding an architect with a satisfactory plan for the building itself. A dozen architecture firms were interviewed with no success, until finally Allen Moore was recommended for the project by a board member. His design would ultimately be accepted. The construction of this new building wound up costing \$7 million and experts had informed Lansky and his associates that raising these funds would not be possible. However, through donations from over 10,000 individuals as well as large individual donations from Steven Spielberg\'s Righteous Persons Foundation and the Harry and Jeanette Weinberg Foundation, the funds were eventually raised.
## Critical reception {#critical_reception}
*Outwitting History* has largely been received positively. University of London language professor John L. Flood described the book as heart -- warming and moving. However, he notes that the book lacks illustrations, and specific mention of prominent or interesting books which were recovered. Flood concludes that based on the book, he believes no one has done as much to ensure the survival of the Yiddish language and literature as Aaron Lansky has. University of Chicago linguistics professor Howard L. Aronson praised the book as well-written, entertaining and informative, also noting that it has tension akin to that of a suspense novel and unforgettable characters. Similarly to Flood, Aronson concludes that few individuals have done as much for Yiddish culture as Lansky. Jewish literature scholar David G. Roskies contrasted Lansky\'s approach to Yiddish revitalization in *Outwitting History* to that of Dovid Katz in his book *Words on Fire: The Unfinished Story of Yiddish*. Roskies praises Lansky's approach, emphasizing Lansky's willingness to revive Yiddish in the context of open society, desiring to bring it to a broad readership or at least broad availability. Whereas Katz, he argued, viewed the revival of Yiddish as coming from resegregation of Jews from the broader world. Writing for the *Library Review*, Stuart Hannabuss recommended *Outwitting History* to public libraries, the general reader and Yiddish specialists*.* He called Lansky a natural born storyteller. Writing for the *Library Journal*, Herbert E. Shapiro recommended *Outwitting History* to all libraries and the general reading public.
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# Outwitting History
## Legacy
Today, Aaron Lansky is the president of the Yiddish Book Center, which holds more than 1 million Yiddish books. It is the largest collection of Yiddish books in the world. It is also the largest Jewish cultural organization in The United States. The center makes Yiddish widely available to the public by digitizing thousands of its books which are then available for free download. Books are also distributed from the centre to libraries, individuals and educational institutions all over the world. The center also translates the best of its Yiddish books into English, and operates The Wexler Oral History Project, which records interviews with Yiddish Speakers. The center also offers internships and fellowships in Yiddish studies and is developing a Yiddish textbook incorporating modern pedagogical methods.
The publishing of *Outwitting History* massively increased public awareness of The National Yiddish Book Centre and awareness of Yiddish in general. Joshua B. Friedman describes the emotional impact that the Yiddish Book Center can have on its visitors, specifically through its practices of \'thin\' numerical description. He discusses the impact that the sheer number of Yiddish books preserved in the center has on visitors, and how it lets them feel confident that Yiddish will continue to be passed down to future generations. Friedman argues that the emphasis the book center places on numbers in its collection partially helps facilitate its ongoing appeal and wide array of donors and supporters. Friedman refers to this phenomenon as \"\"the magic\" of Yiddish at the Book Center,\" this magical quality of the Book Center and its ability to rally incredible support from the public has also been referenced by Leora Bromberg. In speaking of this magic, both authors reference Lansky\'s own phrase in *Outwitting History*; \"Yiddish has magic, it will outwit history.\" Freidman argues that the role of the Book Center as an institution is blurred between preserving the actual content of Yiddish books and the material books themselves. He argues that this produces a productive ambiguity which allows visitors to the Center to decide exactly how the preserved books are or can be valuable. Friedman links this great perceived material value of the books to a broader sanctification of survival in Jewish culture. That these books represent the possibility of Yiddish continuing to new generations imbues them with inherent value
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# Poplar Bluff station
**Poplar Bluff station** is a historic train station in Poplar Bluff, Missouri, United States, served by Amtrak, the national railroad passenger system.
## History
The station was built in 1910 by the St. Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern Railway. When the line and railroad was bought by the Missouri Pacific Railroad in 1917, the station was renamed the **Missouri Pacific Depot**, and when the line was bought by the Union Pacific Railroad in 1982, the station was renamed the **Union Pacific Depot** in 1983, despite the fact that it was already used by Amtrak. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.
In 2003, Union Pacific donated the building to the committee to Save and Restore the Historic Train Depot, a citizens-led non-profit that has since reorganized as the Poplar Bluff Historic Depot Restoration Corporation. The group has worked to raise money to restore the depot to include the exterior and interior
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# Diego Tur
**Diego Tur** (born 3 October 1971) is a former Danish professional footballer, who played most of his career as a central defender for F.C. Copenhagen, between 1992 and 2002. He played 18 games for various Danish youth national teams, and was awarded Danish *under-17 Player of the Year* in 1987. Diego Tur has a Danish mother and a Spanish father.
## Biography
Born in Copenhagen, Tur started playing football with local club BS 72 Albertslund as a boy, but at age 15 he moved to B 1903. Tur represented various Danish national youth teams, and played a combined total of 18 national youth team games. In 1987, he won the Danish *under-17 Player of the Year* award. He debuted for B 1903\'s senior team in 1989, and on 22 October 1991 he was part of B 1903\'s sensational and legendary 6-2 UEFA Cup win over the major German club FC Bayern Munich at Gentofte Stadion.
On 1 July 1992 B 1903 was merged with Kjøbenhavns Boldklub to form new club F.C. Copenhagen (FCK), and Tur became a part of the FCK squad. In its first year of existence, FCK won the 1993 Danish Superliga championship, and Tur made his debut for the club on 11 April 1993, in the 2--0 victory over Næstved BK. Tur represented F.C. Copenhagen in 11 matches in the championship season. The following years did not bring as much success in the Superliga, but Tur was a part of the FCK teams which won the 1995 and 1997 Danish Cup trophies.
From his FCK debut until his last match for the club on 22 April 2001, against Akademisk Boldklub, Tur made 225 appearances for F.C. Copenhagen divided amongst 192 domestic league appearances, 17 domestic cup appearances and 16 European appearances. He scored 12 goals in the domestic league, one goal in the domestic cup and two goals in the UEFA Cup Winners\' Cup. During Tur\'s time at F.C. Copenhagen, he only received one red card, which was on 19 May 1996, in a Danish Superliga match against Ikast fS.
In a fan vote, which was held during the winter of 2006, Tur was voted into the F.C.Copenhagen Hall of fame as the 18th best player to have represented F.C. Copenhagen in the club\'s first 14 years.
After winning the 2000-01 Superliga championship with FCK, Tur went on loan to Copenhagen rivals Akademisk Boldklub (AB), due to a dwindling amount of playing time for FCK. After one season at AB, he moved to Jutland for the 2002-03 Superliga season, to represent AaB of Aalborg. He played one season at AaB, before heading back to Copenhagen, to represent newly promoted team BK Frem in the 2003-04 Superliga season. He debuted for Frem on 27 July 2003, against Odense Boldklub. BK Frem finished second-last in the Danish Superliga, and was relegated at the end of the season. Tur retired from professional football, after his last match on 23 May 2004, when he represented BK Frem against Brøndby IF.
In his retirement, Diego Tur represents FC Roskilde in the Danish 2nd Division East as an amateur.
Tur was in Thailand during the Indian Ocean tsunami on 26 December 2004, but survived.
In the fall of 2006 Tur won the Danish edition of Expedition Robinson, which was broadcast on TV3 Denmark. With the honour was also a money prize of DKK 1 million.
From 16 July 2007 he will start as sales assistant in F.C. Copenhagen.
November 2010 - Diego Tur is a father of two children, a new baby boy and little girl, residing in Copenhagen, where he continues to play football with former FCK players
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# Mr Hudson
**Benjamin Hudson McIldowie** (born 26 June 1979), better known by his stage name **Mr Hudson**, is an English singer, songwriter, and record producer from Birmingham, England. He formed the band Mr Hudson and the Library in 2006, for which he served as lead vocalist, and signed with American rapper Kanye West\'s record label, GOOD Music through a joint venture with Mercury Records as a solo act two years later. He is best known for his guest performance on West\'s 2009 single \"Paranoid\", as well as his songwriting contributions to \"Say You Will\" and \"Street Lights\", and \"Heartless\"; all four appeared on West\'s fourth album, *808s & Heartbreak* (2008).
That same year, Hudson guest performed on Jay-Z\'s 2010 single \"Young Forever\", which peaked within the top ten of both the US *Billboard* Hot 100 and UK Singles Chart. His debut studio album, *Straight No Chaser* (2009) entered the UK Albums Chart at number 25; its single, \"Supernova\" (featuring Kanye West) peaked at number two on the UK Singles Chart. Hudson featured on Jay-Z and Kanye West\'s album *Watch The Throne* (2011), appearing on \"Why I Love You\"
Hudson then began writing and producing for other acts including Paloma Faith and Duran Duran on the 2014 album *Paper Gods*. In 2016 Hudson collaborated with JP Cooper to write \"September Song\" and \"She\'s on My Mind\". Other Hudson collaborations include those with Future and Miley Cyrus, Vic Mensa and DJ Snake. He won a Grammy Award for his work on John Legend\'s 2020 album *Bigger Love*.
## Life and career {#life_and_career}
### 1979--2006: Early life and career beginnings {#early_life_and_career_beginnings}
Born in Birmingham, Hudson grew up in the Handsworth area of the city.
Before Mr Hudson formed \'Mr Hudson and the Library\' he was in \'Mansize\', \'The Hudson Sound\' and \'Phoenix Green\'. \'The Hudson Sound\' and \'Phoenix Green\' featured Ali Forbes, Jarvy Moss, Ben Westwood and Mr Hudson\'s brother Jon McIldowie. They enjoyed considerable success in the Birmingham area and elsewhere with a regular spot at Ronnie Scott\'s in Birmingham. \'Mansize\' featured later collaborator Robin French.
### 2006--08: The Library and *A Tale of Two Cities* {#the_library_and_a_tale_of_two_cities}
Hudson embarked on his music career when he formed Mr Hudson and the Library, composed of Maps Huxley aka Robin French (bass), Wilkie Wilkinson (drums), Joy Joseph (steel drums, vocals) and Torville Jones (piano). The first result, an EP entitled *Bread & Roses*, came out via Deal Real in October 2006. The group toured with Amy Winehouse in early 2007 in support of their debut album, *A Tale of Two Cities*, released through Deal Real/Mercury. Mr. Hudson was first featured on Later with Jools Holland on 8 December 2006.
The production on the band\'s debut album uses acoustic guitar interspersed with piano, backing vocals and bass guitar, steelpan, electric drums and unusual rhythm patterns. Two of the tracks from A Tale of Two Cities are covers; \"On the Street Where You Live\", is a cover of a number from the musical My Fair Lady and \"Everything Happens to Me\" was popularised by Frank Sinatra and Chet Baker.
In 2007, Mr Hudson and the Library embarked on a tour through twelve British libraries as part of the \'Get It Loud\' initiative, and also supported Amy Winehouse on her tour, along with Paolo Nutini, Mika and Groove Armada. During the summer of 2007 they appeared at several UK festivals, including Glastonbury, T in the Park, The Big Chill, V Festival, Godiva Festival, and Bestival. In October 2007, the band played at the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff in support of The Police. They also supported Kanye West on his Europe leg of his *Glow in the Dark Tour*, performing in Dublin, Belfast and other European cities.
In 2008, Mr. Hudson began recording as a solo artist. Although the name \'The Library\' was no longer used, these musicians formed his backing band for live performances.
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# Mr Hudson
## Life and career {#life_and_career}
### 2009--12: Solo career, *Straight No Chaser* {#solo_career_straight_no_chaser}
Sessions for Straight No Chaser initially started at Gizzard Studios in Bow, East London. Ed Deegan who had previously worked at Toe Rag Studios near by was acting as engineer, but Mr. Hudson received an offer from Kanye West to produce his album. Mr. Hudson appears on Kanye West\'s fourth album, *808s & Heartbreak* featured on \"Paranoid\". He also co-produced \"Street Lights\" as well as supplying additional vocals on \"Say You Will\" and \"Amazing\". Kanye West has stated: \"I believe Mr. Hudson has the potential to be bigger than me, to be one of the most important artists of his generation\". The single Supernova was premiered on 13 May 2009 on Zane Lowe\'s BBC Radio 1 show and then released on 19 July 2009. It debuted at Number 2 in the UK singles chart on 26 July 2009. Calvin Harris remixed the track.
Mr Hudson\'s new album -- *Straight No Chaser* was released on 4 August 2009 (via GOOD Music and Mercury Records), executive produced by Kanye West. \"I wanted to make a mainstream record, not structured or ornate,\" he explains. \"The first album feels like an Escher drawing, all these layers and you don\'t know where you\'re going at any point. The way the songs are written and produced on this one is much more direct. It\'s not trying to reinvent the wheel. It\'s straight, no chaser.\"\[10\]
In an interview, singer Ben Hudson was asked to describe the album: \"My mission statement was to make a pop record, but not a throwaway pop record. My heroes are people like Bowie and Prince and Damon Albarn. I didn\'t want to do anything niche. Kanye threw down the gauntlet. He said, \'Let\'s see if we can make you a popstar\'. I was like \'Let\'s have a go!\'. It\'s a bit more widescreen, a bit more punchy, but the eclecticism of the first record\'s still there. There\'s a tune where I\'m a cross between *Deliverance* and Sade\".
In 2009, Hudson guested on Playing with Fire by N-Dubz.
In the autumn of 2009, Mr. Hudson supported Calvin Harris on his UK tour. Mr. Hudson\'s headline tour to support the album *Straight No Chaser* was in October 2009. Before the year was out, Hudson made a featured appearance on Jay-Z\'s *The Blueprint 3*, the track, \"Young Forever\", was a reworking of Alphaville\'s 1984 song \"Forever Young\". In May 2010 Mr. Hudson embarked on a sold out national UK tour, with supporting Jay Z in Birmingham & Manchester arena shows plus Isle of Wight & Wireless festivals.
In 2010, Mr. Hudson collaborated with British dubstep artist Caspa on the track \"Love Never Dies (Back for the First Time)\", which is a new version of a previous Caspa track known simply as \"Back for the First Time\". Rapper Nero appeared on the remix. On 29 July it was named by BBC Radio 1 DJ Zane Lowe as his Hottest Record in the World Today. Mr. Hudson was featured on Jay-Z and Kanye West\'s album *Watch the Throne* (2011), appearing on \"Why I Love You\".
In 2012 Hudson was featured on the UK Top 10 single \"Charge\", by Sway.
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# Mr Hudson
## Life and career {#life_and_career}
### 2013--2017: Writing and Production {#writing_and_production}
In March 2013, Mr. Hudson debuted the new single \"Fred Astaire\" via SoundCloud. \"Fred Astaire\" would later be released as a commercial single in August of the same year, with accompanying video directed by prominent English portrait and fashion photographer Rankin and photographer Vicky Lawton. Since then he has released additional tracks taken from the album: \"Move\" with Rankin shooting the video exclusively for Hunger TV, in December 2013 and \"Step into The Shadows\" featuring Idris Elba in May 2014.
In November, Epic Records recording artist Future released the track \"Real and True\" featuring Miley Cyrus & Mr. Hudson in the US. The track was co written by Mr. Hudson with the video shot by photographer Rankin. December 2013 saw the release of Rebecca Ferguson\'s album entitled *Freedom* with the track \"Beautiful Design\" which Mr. Hudson co wrote and produced. 2014 saw the release of Idris Elba\'s *Idris Elba presents Mi Mandela* on which Hudson features and co-produced. The same year Hudson collaborated with Paloma Faith on the track \"Take Me\" on her third studio album A Perfect Contradiction.
Hudson spent most of 2014 writing and producing *Paper Gods* by Duran Duran, released 11 September 2015. Lead singer Simon le Bon had this to say of Hudson\'s involvement: \"Him coming on board was a very crucial stage actually, it glued it all together. Before we had a bunch of different songs and he brought it together and gave it a direction. He also gave us the confidence to leave each other\'s space, and this is the first time we have got this on an album.\" In October 2015, Hudson released a single titled, \"Dancing Thru It\", followed by the critically acclaimed \"Hey You\".
5 August 2016 saw the release of Mr. Hudson\'s co-write & feature with DJ Snake, \"Here Comes The Night\" from Snake\'s debut album *Encore*. The acoustic version was released on 7 April in the remix package
16 September 2016, Hudson\'s co-write for JP Cooper\'s \"September Song\" was released.
8 January 2017 appeared as a special guest at the Celebrating David Bowie concert at the O2 Brixton Academy with Gary Oldman & Mike Garson, singing a rendition of Bowie\'s \"Starman\". Hudson sang with Bowie\'s band, Mike Garson, Gail Ann Dorsey, Earl Slick and more for the \'Celebrating David Bowie\' shows in London, New York and Los Angeles. He has continued to tour with the line up in 2018 in the UK, Europe and the USA.
Hudson\'s features and co-writes in 2017 include with Vic Mensa \"Almost There\" for Mensa\'s *Masterpiece* EP, \"She\'s on My Mind\" by JP Cooper, \"Beatnik Trip\" by Gin Wigmore and Bearson \"Cold War\".
Hudson also released two of his own tracks late in 2017. \"Can\'t Forget You\" released on 29 September and \"Coldplay\" featuring Vic Mensa, world premiered on 5 December with Zane Lowe on Beats1 Radio.
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# Mr Hudson
## Life and career {#life_and_career}
### 2018--2019: Writing, production and *When the Machine Stops* {#writing_production_and_when_the_machine_stops}
Mr. Hudson\'s co-write with Alexander DeLeon \'Zombie Love\' was released on 30 March followed by his track with Janelle Monáe feat Zoe Kravitz \"Screwed\" on 27 April, taken from the album *Dirty Computer*. Mr. Hudson appeared on Kanye West and Kid Cudi\'s collaboration album \"Kids See Ghosts\" where he sang the outro to the final song, \"Cudi Montage\". Hudson\'s co-write for Jonas Blue featuring Joe Jonas \"I See Love\" was released 29 June for the Hotel Transylvania 3 soundtrack. On 10 August Jake Shears\' debut solo album was released, on which Hudson co-wrote the tracks \"Clothes Off\", \"Mississippi Delta\", and \"Big Bushy Mustache\".
Hudson co-wrote and featured on \'Deserve It\' from Vic Mensa\'s *Hooligans* EP, released on 13 December followed by his co-write with JP Cooper \'Cheerleader\' on 14 December.
Faustix\'s single \"Thorns\" released on 29 March by Big Beat/Atlantic was co-written by Hudson.
On 19 April 2019 Hudson revealed his first new original song in 10 years, titled \"Antidote\", written and produced with Jon Hume. Hudson\'s co-write with Hopium, \"I Forget My Name\", was released on 17 May followed by Hudson\'s second solo single \"Chicago\" featuring Vic Mensa. He later confirmed that both \"Antidote\" and \"Chicago\" would feature on his album *When the Machine Stops*, released 21 June 2019.
In addition to Mensa, *When the Machine Stops* also features Schae, Taylor Bennett, Josh Dean, Petite Noir, and Goody Grace. In an interview with *Spindle Magazine*, Hudson described his influences in making the album as: `{{Blockquote
|text=My inspirations are often non-musical. Movies like Blade Runner. TV shows like Black Mirror. And of course literature in the form of E.M. Forster's "The Machine Stops". I tend to listen to older music for inspo. I'm much more likely to be listening to Chet Baker or Nat King Cole or The Ink Spot
}}`{=mediawiki}
On 28 May 2019, Taylor Bennett\'s album *The American Reject* was released featuring a Hudson co-write and feature on the track \"I Miss You\". On 28 June, Hudson\'s co-write with Lontalius \"Make My Dreams Come True\" was released.
Hudson\'s co-write with Samm Henshaw and DJ Khalil \"Rise\" is featured on the *Godfather of Harlem* soundtrack curated by Swizz Beatz.
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# Mr Hudson
## Life and career {#life_and_career}
### 2020--present
On 21 February 2020 JP Cooper\'s \"Bits & Pieces\" was released, co-written and produced by Hudson. June 2020 saw Hudson\'s writing and production work featured on John Legend\'s album *Bigger Love* for track \"Never Break\". Later on 26 June \"Too Close\", a song Hudson co-wrote with JP Cooper, was released as part of the EP also titled *Too Close* which also includes \"Bits & Pieces\". In December 2020 Taylor Bennett released his track \"Don\'t Wait Up\" featuring and co-written by Mr Hudson. 26 February 2021 Hudson\'s production and co-write with Goody Grace \"21 & Jaded\" was released. In March 2021 Hudson\'s work with John Legend on \"Never Break\" received a Grammy Award for Best R&B album. On 23 April 2021 Charlotte Cardin released \"Je Quitte\" which was co-written and produced by Hudson and in May 2022 won multiple Juno awards and reached platinum sales in Canada. In June 2021 San Holo released the album *BB U OK?* with the track \"The Great Clown Pagliacci\" sampling Hudson\'s \"Closing Time\". May 13, 2022 saw the release of Johan Lenox\'s interlude track \"Burning Sky\" co-written & featuring Hudson from the album *WDYWTBWYGU*.
Releases in 2022 for Hudson include The 1975 \"About You\" from the album *Being Funny in a Foreign Language*, Lloyiso \"Run\", Lenii \"Already Famous\", Henry Wagons \"Cover My Eyes\", Ampersounds (Fred Falke and Zen Freeman) \"Nightdrive\", Harry Hudson EP *A Deer in Headlights*, GuiltyBeatz \"Universe\", and Zachary Knowles \"Wrong Side\"
Hudson\'s first release of 2023 was Neve\'s track \"Should Have Been Us\" followed in April by his co-write & feature \"Memories\" with French duo Picard Brothers. Also in April, Renao\'s track \"Blind\" featured Hudson as a co-writer, and in August, \"Looping\" with Charlotte Cardin was released from her Juno Award-winning album *99 nights*.
In October 2023 Duran Duran released their 16th album Danse Macabre. Hudson co-wrote & produced *Danse Macabre* and *Confessions In The Afterlife*
In 2024 Hudson\'s collaborations included releases with Stefflon Don \"Dem Evil\" from the album *Island 54*, Beth Morgan\'s \"Shy Love\" and Sofia Isella\'s \"Sex Concept\" from the EP *I Can Be Your Mother*. Later that same year Hudson featured on and co-wrote \"Without Words\", his second release with San Holo and in July \"Waiting On A Blue Sky\" with JP Cooper.
17 January 2025, JP Cooper released Hudson-cowritten \"Talking To Strangers\" from his upcoming album. In late January the same year \"Dog\'s Dinner\" Hudson\'s collaboration with Sofia Isella was released from Sofia\'s forthcoming EP
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# Compton Greenfield
**Compton Greenfield** is a small hamlet of farms and spread out houses to the south west of Easter Compton, in South Gloucestershire. The parish church of All Saints is a Grade II\* listed building. It has a Norman arch in its porch, but the church was largely rebuilt in 1852 in the Neo-Norman style. The churchyard of All Saints is the final resting place of Sir George White founder of the Bristol Aeroplane Company and Sir John Francis Davis, second Governor of Hong Kong.
## History
Compton Greenfield was mentioned in the Domesday Book (as *Contone*). In the 13th and 14th centuries the Lords of the Manor were the Grenville family, from whom the village derived its suffix. Until the 19th century the parish extended to the River Severn, and included what is now the much larger village of Easter Compton. The parish became a civil parish in 1866, but in 1885 the civil parish was merged into the civil parish of Henbury. When the civil parish of Henbury was abolished in 1935, the village became part of the civil parish of Almondsbury
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# Tiny Toy Stories
***Tiny Toy Stories*** is a home video compilation of five computer-animated short films made by Pixar. It was released on October 29, 1996, by Walt Disney Home Video and Disney Videos internationally. The international releases, including the UK and Japan, would feature segments featuring the *Toy Story* characters originally produced by the newly Disney-owned ABC that same year, known as *Toy Story Treats*, although they were redubbed so that the characters talk about the upcoming shorts instead. Additionally, the international releases have *Knick Knack* and *Tin Toy* switched, to exemplify how \"without *Tin Toy*, there would\'ve been no *Toy Story*\".
## Shorts
All directed by John Lasseter except as noted:
- *The Adventures of André & Wally B.* (1984), directed by Alvy Ray Smith
- *Luxo Jr.* (1986) (original version)
- *Red\'s Dream* (1987)
- *Tin Toy* (1988)
- *Knick Knack* (1989) (original version)
## Cast
- Jeff Bennett as Rex. The original segments would feature Wallace Shawn reprising his role.
- Dee Bradley Baker as the Aliens
- Pat Fraley as Buzz Lightyear
- Jim Hanks as Woody
- John Ratzenberger as Hamm. Ratzenberger is the only *Toy Story* voice actor to reprise his role for the international releases.
- Tyler Mullen
## Follow-ups {#follow_ups}
In November 2007, Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment released *Pixar Short Films Collection, Volume 1*, which featured all of Pixar\'s animated short films up through 2006\'s *Lifted*. It also included *The Adventures of André & Wally B.* The second volume of shorts, *Pixar Short Films Collection, Volume 2* was released in 2012. The third volume of shorts, *Pixar Short Films Collection, Volume 3* was released in 2018
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# A Tale of Two Cities (album)
***A Tale of Two Cities*** is the debut album by British musical group Mr Hudson and the Library, released on 5 March 2007. It is named after the Charles Dickens novel of the same name.
## Track listing {#track_listing}
1. \"On the Street Where You Live\" (Alan Jay Lerner, Frederick Loewe)
2. \"Take Us Somewhere New\"
3. \"Too Late Too Late\" (Brass by Nik Carter-Sax / Jack Birchwood-Trumpet and Steven Fuller-Trombone)
4. \"Everything Happens to Me\" (Tom Adair, Matt Dennis)
5. \"Cover Girl\"
6. \"Two by Two\"
7. \"Bread & Roses\"
8. \"Ask the DJ\"
9. \"Picture of You\"
10. \"One Specific Thing\" (Ben Hudson, Robin French)
11. \"Ghosts\"
12
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# Henry Bulkeley
The Hon. **Henry Bulkeley** (c. 1641 -- 1698) was an English courtier and politician. He was Master of the Household to Charles II and James II of England. He also was Member of parliament for Anglesey from February to August 1679 and for Beaumaris in October 1679 and from 1681 and 1685.
## Early life {#early_life}
Henry was born about 1641. He was the fourth son of Thomas Bulkeley and his wife Blanche Coytmore.`{{R|Humphreys579|Burke}}`{=mediawiki} Among his siblings were Robert Bulkeley, 2nd Viscount Bulkeley and Thomas Bulkeley.`{{R|Burke}}`{=mediawiki}
His father was created Viscount Bulkeley of Cashel, County Tipperary, Ireland, in 1643. His father\'s family were the Bulkeleys of Baronhill, Anglesey.`{{R|Venn}}`{=mediawiki}
Bulkeley studied at Gray\'s Inn, where he was admitted in 1654, and at Queens\' College, Cambridge, where he matriculated in 1657.`{{R|Venn}}`{=mediawiki}
## Career
In 1664, he became an ensign in the Kings Guards in the Irish Army. From about 1669 to 1678 he was a captain.
In 1678, Bulkeley became Master of the Household, a sinecure.`{{R|Sainty}}`{=mediawiki} He was appointed by Charles II and maintained in office by James II of England at his accession to the throne in 1685.
### Member of Parliament {#member_of_parliament}
At the time the Isle of Anglesey sent two members of parliament to the Parliament of England, one as knight of the shire for the county, another for the boroughs on the island. This latter seat was called Beaumaris Boroughs, after the town and castle of Beaumaris.
The year 1679 saw two elections. In February Bulkeley was elected for the County of Anglesey in the Habeas Corpus Parliament. In August he was elected MP for Beaumaris Boroughs for the Exclusion Bill Parliament. He was then reelected for the same seat in 1681 for the Oxford Parliament and in 1685 for the Loyal Parliament.`{{R|Henning742}}`{=mediawiki}
### Later life {#later_life}
In 1688 at the Glorious Revolution Bulkeley fled with James II to France. He lived at the exile court at Saint Germain-en-Laye until he returned to England in January 1691 as a Jacobite agent.`{{R|Lever}}`{=mediawiki}
In 1695 Bulkeley was back in Saint Germain where he quarrelled with Donough MacCarthy, 4th Earl of Clancarty.`{{R|Corp116}}`{=mediawiki} In 1696, at the attempted assassination of King William, Bulkeley was in England and signed the Association to show his loyalty.`{{R|Corp49.14}}`{=mediawiki}
## Personal life {#personal_life}
Around November 1673 Bulkeley married Sophia Stewart, maid of honour to Queen Catherine of Braganza.`{{R|Humphreys579}}`{=mediawiki} A sister of the Duchess of Richmond, Sophie was a daughter of Dr. Walter Stewart and granddaughter of the 1st Lord Blantyre. Together, they were the parents of six children, including:
- (1686--1756), a lieutenant-general`{{R|Corp100}}`{=mediawiki}, who married Marie-Anne O\'Mahony, daughter of Daniel O\'Mahony (d. 1714) and Cecilia Weld, and widow of Richard Cantillon.`{{R|Woods}}`{=mediawiki}
- Anne Bulkeley (c. 1675--1751), who married James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick, illegitimate son of James II.`{{R|Humphreys580|Handley}}`{=mediawiki}
- Charlotte Bulkeley (b. c. 1678), who married Charles O\'Brien, 5th Viscount Clare. After his death, she married Count Daniel O\'Mahony.`{{R|Seccombe|Cokayne}}`{=mediawiki}
- Henrietta Bulkeley, who died unmarried`{{R|Corp217}}`{=mediawiki}
- Laura Bulkeley, who died unmarried`{{R|Corp217}}`{=mediawiki}
Bulkeley committed suicide in 1698. In his will he told his son to return to England and conform to the established religion
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# Mario & Zelda Big Band Live
***Mario & Zelda Big Band Live CD*** is a recording of a live big band performance of songs based on the *Mario* and *The Legend of Zelda* game series. The performance was at Nihon Seinenkan Hall on September 14, 2003. There were many artists who performed during this concert.
## Personnel and aftermath {#personnel_and_aftermath}
The Big Band of Rogues is a pseudonym or stagename for **Tokyo Cuban Boys Jr.**, a band based on the Latin Jazz Big-Band, the *Tokyo Cuban Boys*. The Big Band of Rogues has been touring as the *Tokyo Cuban Boys* (without the Jr.) since at least 2005.
Coincidentally, Luis Valle, who recorded Trumpet parts for the *Mario Kart 8* soundtrack a decade later, would go on to officially join this band.
## Track listing {#track_listing}
1. Ashura Benimaru Itoh - \"Opening Theme of *Mario*\" - 2:24
2. The Big Band of Rogues - \"*Super Mario 64*\" - 4:41
3. The Big Band of Rogues & Koji Kondo - \"Medley of *Super Mario Bros.*\" - 4:25
4. The Big Band of Rogues - \"Mario Scat Version\" - 2:07
5. The Big Band of Rogues & Seiko - \"Go Go Mario\" - 3:37
6. The Big Band of Rogues - \"*Super Mario Bros. 3* Ending Theme\" - 2:43
7. Yoshihiro Arita With His Band - \"Theme of Athletic\" - 4:18
8. Yoshihiro Arita & Kazumi Totaka - \"Yoshi on the Beach\" - 3:13
9. Yoshihiro Arita With His Band - \"*Legend of Zelda*\" - 7:28
10. Yoshihiro Arita With His Band - \"Theme of Dragon Roost Island\" - 4:22
11. Yoshihiro Arita With His Band & Seiko - \"Song of Epona\" - 4:06
12. Yoshihiro Arita With His Band - \"Theme of The Dolphic Town\" - 4:28
13. The Big Band of Rogues - \"Zora Band\" - 4:43
14. The Big Band of Rogues - \"Theme of Goron City\" - 3:53
15. The Big Band of Rogues - \"Theme of The Shop\" - 3:19
16. The Big Band of Rogues - \"Medley of *The Legend Of Zelda*\" - 4:32
17. The Big Band of Rogues - \"Ending Theme of *Super Mario Sunshine*\" - 4:30
18
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# Venezuela Davis Cup team
The **Venezuela national tennis team** represents Venezuela in Davis Cup tennis competition and are governed by the Federación Venezolana de Tenis.
Venezuela currently compete in the Americas Zone Group I. They have never competed in the World Group, but reached the Play-offs in 1995 and 2002.
## History
Venezuela competed in its first Davis Cup in 1957
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# Betekhtin Range
The **Betekhtin Range** (71 54 S 11 32 E source:GNIS name=Betekhtin Range) is a mountain range about 14 nmi long, forming the southern arm of the Humboldt Mountains in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica.
## Exploration and naming {#exploration_and_naming}
The Betekhtin Range was discovered and plotted from air photos by the German Antarctic Expedition (1938--1939) (GerAE), mapped from air photos and from surveys by the Sixth Norwegian Antarctic Expedition, 1956--60, and remapped by the Soviet Antarctic Expedition, 1960--61. It was named after Soviet Academician Anatoliy Georgievich Betekhtin.
## Features
Features of the Betekhtin Range and nearby features include, from north to south Mount Skarshovden, Hovdeskar Gap, Skarshaugane Peaks, Taborovskiy Peak, Skarsbrotet Glacier, Skeidsnutane Peaks, Mount Khmnyznikov, Hånuten and Yanovskiy Rocks
### Mount Skarshovden {#mount_skarshovden}
. A rounded mountain, 2,830 m high, surmounting the west side of Hovdeskar Gap. Discovered and photographed by the GerAE, 1938-39. Mapped by Norway from air photos and surveys by NorAE, 1956-60, and named Skarshovden (the gap mountain).
### Pervomayskaya Peak {#pervomayskaya_peak}
. A peak, 2,795 m high, standing 1 nmi northeast of Mount Skarshovden. Discovered and plotted from air photos by GerAE, 1938-39. Mapped from air photos and surveys by NorAE, 1956-60. Remapped by SovAE, 1960-61, and named Gora Pervomayskaya (May 1st Mountain).
### Hovdeskar Gap {#hovdeskar_gap}
. A gap just east of Mount Skarshovden at the head of Skarsbrotet Glacier. Discovered and photographed by the GerAE, 1938-39. Mapped by Norway from air photos and surveys by NorAE, 1956-60, and named Hovdeskar (knoll gap).
### Skarshaugane Peaks {#skarshaugane_peaks}
. A group of peaks including Mount Skarshovden that extend south for 3 nmi from Hovdeskar Gap. Discovered and photographed by the GerAE, 1938-39. Mapped by Norway from air photos and surveys by NorAE, 1956-60, and named Skarshaugane (the gap peaks).
### Taborovskiy Peak {#taborovskiy_peak}
. The highest peak, 2,895 m high, in the Skarshaugane Peaks of the Betekhtin Range. Discovered and plotted from air photos by GerAE, 1938-39. Mapped from air photos and surveys by NorAE, 1956-60. Remapped by SovAE, 1960-61, and named after Soviet meteorologist N.L. Taborovskiy.
### Skarsbrotet Glacier {#skarsbrotet_glacier}
. A cirque-type glacier draining the east slopes of Skarshaugane Peaks. Discovered and photographed by the GerAE, 1938-39. Mapped by Norway from air photos and surveys by the NorAE, 1956-60, and named Skarsbrotet.
### Skeidsnutane Peaks {#skeidsnutane_peaks}
. A group of peaks that extend south for about 6 nmi from Skarshaugane Peaks. Discovered and photographed by the GerAE, 1938-39. Mapped by Norway from air photos and surveys by NorAE, 1956-60, and named Skeidsnutane.
### Mount Khmyznikov {#mount_khmyznikov}
. A peak, 2,800 m high, in the north part of Skeidsnutane Peaks, Betekhtin Range. Discovered and plotted from air photos by GerAE, 1938-39. Mapped from air photos and surveys by NorAE, 1956-60. Remapped by SovAE, 1960-61, and named after Soviet hydrographer P.K. Khmyznikov.
### Hånuten
. A mountain peak, 2885 m high in Skeidsnutane, Betechtinkjeda. This name originates from Norway.
### Yanovskiy Rocks {#yanovskiy_rocks}
. Two isolated rock outcrops lying 5 nmi south of Mount Khmyznikov. First mapped from air photos and surveys by SovAE, 1960-61, and named after Soviet hydrographer S.S. Yanovskiy
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# Holy Name High School (Reading, Pennsylvania)
**Holy Name High School** was a four-year comprehensive coeducational Roman Catholic preparatory/secondary school located in Reading, Pennsylvania. It was approved and accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and the Diocese of Allentown. The school\'s athletic rivals included Wyomissing Area High School and Reading Central Catholic High School.
Following the 2010-2011 Academic Year, the Diocese of Allentown closed both Holy Name High School and Reading Central Catholic High School. The Diocese then established a new secondary school, Berks Catholic High School, which officially opened on July 1, 2011, on the site of the former Holy Name High School.
## History
Holy Name High School traced its inception to St. Peter's Roman Catholic Church located in Reading. Founded in 1752, St. Peter's established its parish elementary school with the approval of Bishop John Neumann in 1859. By 1911, the parish high school was established, with the first graduating class receiving diplomas in 1914.
With the formation of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Allentown in 1961, Bishop Joseph McShea realized the demand for additional high school facilities in Berks County, as well as other parts of the Diocese. Subsequently, he inaugurated a massive building campaign which culminated in the construction of three new high schools: Bethlehem Catholic High School in Bethlehem, Marian High School in Tamaqua, and Holy Name High School in Reading
The land on which Holy Name was situated is located in southwest Reading, near the city\'s border with the borough of West Reading. The original tract of land comprised 35.6 acre in all and is bounded on the north by Joan Terrace, on the east by the Swartz Tract (presently occupied by Baldwin Hardware (a division of Black and Decker), on the south by East Wyomissing Boulevard, and on the west by Parkside Drive South.
On Sunday, August 30, 1964, Holy Name High School was dedicated by His Excellency The Most Reverend Egidio Vagnozzi, D.D., Apostolic Delegate to the United States. The name of the school was chosen as a tribute to the Holy Name Societies in the Allentown Diocese, who, acting on behalf of the Bishop, campaigned for the funds with which to build the high school.
When Holy Name opened its doors in September 1964 (St. Peter's High School closed its doors permanently in June 1964), the faculty included three Diocesan Priests, one Benedictine Priest, six Immaculate Heart Sisters, three Sisters of St. Francis, three Bernardine Sisters, and seven Lay Teachers. The Reverend Richard J. Loeper, a native of Reading, was appointed the first Principal of Holy Name. The student body numbered 566, Grades 9 through 12. The first graduating class numbered 64.
In June 1979, the Oblates of St. Francis de Sales were invited by Bishop McShea to become part of the administration and staff of Holy Name High School, replacing the Diocesan priests currently on the staff.
In 1986, with the financial assistance of the Diocese of Allentown, through the Forward With Christ Program, an addition was constructed adjacent to the gymnasium. Included in this addition are a ticket booth for athletic and social events, a weight room and two storage rooms.
In March 1995, it was announced that the Oblates would be leaving Holy Name High School and that Sister Joseph Eleanor Murphy, IHM, would be the new Principal.
As the result of a major capital campaign, a renovation and construction project was undertaken in the spring of 1997, which would be completed in several different phases over the next few years. The project resulted in a complete state-of-art computer wing, an enlarged library equipped with computers, a new administrative wing, a new auditorium with seating for approximately 800 guests, a weight room, a television studio, a new athletic complex consisting of tennis courts, baseball and softball fields, field hockey field, a football field which also serves as a soccer field, and an all-weather track. In addition, the parking facilities doubled in size.
During the summer of 2003, Holy Name elected to adopt the President/Principal model of school administration. The Reverend Robert T. Finlan was named the school\'s first president and Mr. Keith Laser was appointed principal. In 2007, the Reverend John Frink became Holy Name\'s second president.
The school had state of the art facilities. The campus had four computer laboratories with 30 computers in each, including one with 25 Apple iMacs; SMART technology was available in every classroom; Elmo document cameras were available; the campus had a fiber optic cable connection to the Internet in addition to being wireless; all teachers had Apple Macbook laptop computers; parents could check their children\'s grades, attendance, and discipline online; and a wide variety of cutting-edge software applications were available as tools for faculty and students.
Following a comprehensive study on enrollment trends and the needs of the county, both Holy Name High School and Reading Central Catholic High School closed their doors on June 30, 2011. A new Diocesan secondary school, Berks Catholic High School, officially opened on July 1, 2011, on the site of the former Holy Name High School.
## Academics
Holy Name offered a core curriculum around English, Mathematics, Foreign Languages, Sciences, Social Studies, and Theology. Advanced Placement courses were available once the student was at least a Junior. AP courses in English, Calculus, Statistics, Physics, Biology, Chemistry, and Western European History were offered.
Students had access to over 200 courses offered by the Virtual High School.
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# Holy Name High School (Reading, Pennsylvania)
## Alma Mater {#alma_mater}
\"Above the rest there rises high, A spirit strong and true. For alma mater do we vie- All hail the white and blue. We treasure all the memories, The friends, the joys and tears, and many other revelries we\'ll cherish through the years.
Your brotherhood, integrity, your honor goals and fame. To thee, we pledge our loyalty: We hail thee, Holy Name!
Above the rest there rises high, A spirit strong and true. For alma mater do we vie- All hail the white and blue! We treasure all the memories, The friends, the joys and tears, And many other revelries we\'ll cherish through the years
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# Humboldt Mountains (Antarctica)
The **Humboldt Mountains** (71 45 S 11 30 E type:mountain) are a group of mountains immediately west of the Petermann Ranges, forming the westernmost portion of the Wohlthat Mountains in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica.
## Discovery and naming {#discovery_and_naming}
The mountains were discovered and mapped by the Third German Antarctic Expedition (1938--1939), led by Alfred Ritscher, who named them for Alexander von Humboldt, famed German naturalist and geographer of the first half of the nineteenth century.
## Historic monument {#historic_monument}
A plaque was erected at India Point (71 45 08 S 11 12 30 E display=inline type:landmark) in the Humboldt Mountains in memory of three scientists of the Geological Survey of India, as well as a communications technician from the Indian Navy, all of whom were members of the ninth Indian Expedition to Antarctica, who died in an accident at the site on 8 January 1990. The plaque has been designated a Historic Site or Monument (HSM 78), following a proposal by India to the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting.
## Major features {#major_features}
Major features of the Humboldt Mountains, from north to south, include:
- Humboldt Graben, a glacier-filled valley, 20 nmi long, trending north--south between the Humboldt Mountains and the Petermann Ranges.
- Nordwestliche Insel Mountains, a small, detached group of mountains, island-like in appearance, and forming the northern extremity of the Humboldt Mountains.
- Schüssel Cirque, a large west-facing cirque containing Schüssel Moraine, in the north-central part of the Humboldt Mountains.
- Grautskåla Cirque, a cirque immediately north of The Altar.
- Eidshaugane Peaks, a group of peaks 1 nmi north of Eidsgavlen Cliff.
- Livdebotnen Cirque, a cirque formed in the northeast side of Mount Flånuten and the west side of Botnfjellet Mountain.
- Liebknecht Range, a mountain range, 10 nmi long, forming the southwest arm of the Humboldt Mountains.
- Betekhtin Range, a mountain range about 14 nmi long, forming the southern arm of the Humboldt Mountains
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# Ewo, Republic of the Congo
**Ewo** is a village and a commune located in the Republic of the Congo that serves as the administrative center of Ewo District and the Cuvette-Ouest department. Situated on the banks of the Kouyou River, Ewo had a population of 28,229 inhabitants in 2023, the date of the country\'s last official census. It is served by Ewo Airport
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# Colombia Davis Cup team
The **Colombia men\'s national tennis team** represents Colombia in the Davis Cup and is governed by the Federación Colombiana de Tenis.
Colombia currently competes in the David Cup Finals, formerly known as the World Group. In 2018, they have reached the Play-offs to the World Group for the sixth time. For the first time in its history, Colombia advanced to the World Group, winning 4--0 to Sweden in the Play-off in 2019 Davis Cup.
## History
Colombia competed in its first Davis Cup in 1959 Davis Cup.
## Current team (2024) {#current_team_2024}
- Daniel Elahi Galán (singles)
- Nicolás Mejía (singles)
- Adrià Soriano Barrera (singles)
- Nicolás Barrientos (doubles)
- Cristian Rodríguez (doubles)
## Results
Year \# Competition Date Location Opponent Score Result
------ ----- ----------------------- --------------------- ------------------------------------------------ -------------- ------- ------------------------
1959 1 1959 Davis Cup May 1--3 Beirut, Lebanon 4--1 European Round Round I
1959 2 1959 Davis Cup May 14--16 Bournemouth, England 0--5 European Round Round I
1961 3 1961 Davis Cup April 29 -- May 1 Guayaquil, Ecuador 0--5 First round
1969 4 1969 Davis Cup May 2--5 Caracas, Venezuela 3--2 First round
1969 5 1969 Davis Cup May 16--18 Bogotá, Colombia 2--3 Second round
1970 6 1970 Davis Cup April 4--6 Bogotá, Colombia 3--2 First round
1970 7 1970 Davis Cup April 11--13 Bogotá, Colombia 5--0 Second round
1970 8 1970 Davis Cup June 14--16 Bogotá, Colombia 2--3 Third round
1971 9 1971 Davis Cup March 19--21 Bogotá, Colombia 2--3 First round
1972 10 1972 Davis Cup March 20--22 Guayaquil, Ecuador 4--1 First round
1972 11 1972 Davis Cup April 8--10 Santiago, Chile 1--4 Second round
1973 12 1973 Davis Cup February 23--25 Bogotá, Colombia 4--1 First round
1973 13 1973 Davis Cup March 9--11 Bogotá, Colombia West Indies 3--2 Second round
1973 14 1973 Davis Cup March 23--25 Mexico City, Mexico 0--5 Third round
1974 15 1974 Davis Cup November 23--25 Bogotá, Colombia 3--2 First round
1974 16 1974 Davis Cup December 7--9 Cali, Colombia 4--1 Second round
1974 17 1974 Davis Cup January 11--13 Bogotá, Colombia 4--1 Third round
1974 18 1974 Davis Cup May 10--12 Bogotá, Colombia 2--3 Final Interzonal
1976 19 1976 Davis Cup October 17--19 Montreal, Canada 0--5 First round
1977 20 1977 Davis Cup October 8--10 Caracas, Venezuela 2--3 First round
1978 21 1978 Davis Cup December 15--17 Johannesburg, South Africa 1--4 First round
1979 22 1979 Davis Cup October 27--29 Bogotá, Colombia 4--1 First round
1979 23 1979 Davis Cup December 8--10 Mexico City, Mexico 3--2 Second round
1979 24 1979 Davis Cup March 16--18 Cleveland, United States 0--5 Third round
1980 25 1980 Davis Cup October 27--29 Caracas, Venezuela 1--4 First round
1981 26 1981 Davis Cup January 9--11 Bogotá, Colombia 3--2 First round
1981 27 1981 Davis Cup February 13--15 Caracas, Venezuela 5--0 Second round
1981 28 1981 Davis Cup March 6--8 Bogotá, Colombia 2--3 Continue Group I
1982 29 1982 Davis Cup June 22--24 Bogotá, Colombia West Indies 5--0 First round
1982 30 1982 Davis Cup March 5--7 Montreal, Canada 1--3 Second round
1983 31 1983 Davis Cup March 4--6 Bogotá, Colombia 0--5 First round
1984 32 1984 Davis Cup January 13--15 Santiago, Chile 0--5 First round
1985 33 1985 Davis Cup March 8--10 Montevideo, Uruguay 3--2 First round
1985 34 1985 Davis Cup August 2--4 Porto Alegre, Brazil 1--4 First round
1986 35 1986 Davis Cup March 7--9 Bogotá, Colombia 0--4 First round
1987 36 1987 Davis Cup Jan 30 -- Febr. 1 Bogotá, Colombia 0--5 Relegated Group II
1988 37 1988 Davis Cup February 5--7 Caracas, Venezuela 1--4 First round Group II
1989 38 1989 Davis Cup February 3--5 Bogotá, Colombia 1--4 First round Group II
1990 39 1990 Davis Cup February 2--4 Cali, Colombia 4--1 First round Group II
1990 40 1990 Davis Cup March 30 -- April 1 Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic 4--1 Second round Group II
1990 41 1990 Davis Cup June 15--17 Saint Peter, Barbados 4--1 Third round Group II
1990 42 1990 Davis Cup July 20--22 Havana, Cuba 2--3 Continue Group II
1991 43 1991 Davis Cup February 2--4 Kingston, Jamaica 3--2 First round Group II
1991 44 1991 Davis Cup March 29--31 Saint John, West Indies West Indies 5--0 Second round Group II
1991 45 1991 Davis Cup July 19--21 Cali, Colombia 4--1 Third round Group II
1991 46 1991 Davis Cup September 20--22 Medellín, Colombia 1--3 Continue Group II
1992 47 1992 Davis Cup Jan 31 -- Febr
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# Petermann Ranges (Antarctica)
The **Petermann Ranges** (*Petermannketten*) are a number of associated mountain ranges including the Östliche Petermann, Mittlere Petermann, Westliche Petermann, Südliche Petermann, and Pieck Ranges, located just east of the Humboldt Mountains in the central Wohlthat Mountains of Queen Maud Land.
These mountain ranges were discovered and plotted from air photos by the Third German Antarctic Expedition (1938--1939), led by Capt. Alfred Ritscher, who named it for August Petermann
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# Llyn Cefni
**Llyn Cefni** is a small reservoir in the centre of Anglesey, Wales which is managed by Welsh Water and Hamdden Ltd, while the fishery is managed by the Cefni Angling Association. The reservoir is located just 1 km northwest of the island\'s county town of Llangefni.
## History
During World War II, a water scheme was devised for the town of Llangefni in central Anglesey. It involved water from a local source being pumped to two settling tanks in the Dingle part of the town. From here the water was pumped across the river to a reservoir and water tower, on the site of the present Pennant Estate. These arrangements became redundant with the building of the Cefni Reservoir, which was completed in 1951, but the settling tanks and pumping station survive in Llangefni to this day. The new scheme was designed to supply most of the water needs for the people of Anglesey for the foreseeable future.
## Geography
The Afon Cefni is one of the main rivers of Anglesey. It was dammed about 1 mi northwest of Llangefni, just below the confluence of the tributary from Tregaian with other streams flowing from the northwest, and the reservoir has a catchment area of about 9400 acre.
The reservoir is fed by two main streams, the Afon Frogwy entering from the west and the Afon Erddreiniog from the north east end. With a maximum length of 2.3 km and a total water surface area of 86 ha, Llyn Cefni is the second largest body of water on the island after Llyn Alaw, also a reservoir. There is a dam on the south-east edge of the reservoir, next to which is a car park. The northeastern end of the reservoir and the immediate surrounding area have been designated as a nature reserve, and as a further measure of conservation, a plantation of trees runs along its north shore. The tracks of the Anglesey Central Railway, although no longer used, still run over an embankment which crosses the water. The reservoir is easily accessible from Llangefni, as well defined paths run from the town through the local nature reserve, The Dingle, one of the few ancient woodland sites on the island. It can also be accessed by the Lôn Las Cefni cycleway which follows the Afon Cefni from The Dingle and divides at the dam.
In the summer of 2011, toxic blue-green algae were found in the reservoir and visitors were advised to avoid contact with the water. `{{wide image|File:Llyn_Cefni_panorama
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# Thailand Davis Cup team
The **Thailand men\'s national tennis team** represents Thailand in Davis Cup tennis competition and are governed by the Lawn Tennis Association of Thailand.
Thailand currently compete in the Asia/Oceania Zone of Group II. They have never competed in the World Group, but reached the Play-offs on four occasions.
## History
Thailand competed in its first Davis Cup in 1958.
## Results and fixtures {#results_and_fixtures}
Below are the results of Thailand team since 2000\'s, when the competition started being held in the World Group play-offs and qualifying round format
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# Peter McDonagh
**Peter McDonagh** (born 22 December 1977) is an Irish professional boxer.
## Controversial Irish title fight against Michael Gomez {#controversial_irish_title_fight_against_michael_gomez}
McDonagh fought Michael Gomez on 28 January 2006 for the Irish lightweight title on the undercard of a Bernard Dunne fight at the National Stadium, Dublin, Ireland.
Gomez had been out of the ring for almost a year and was due to fight Scottish Willie Limond for the WBU lightweight title but turned down that opportunity for a chance to fight for an Irish title.
After the fight was signed Gomez stated *\"I just can\'t wait to get my hands on that Irish title because I\'ve been desperate to fight in Ireland for years\"*.
Leading up to the fight McDonagh was seeing the famous paranormalist Uri Geller as mind coach to help him mentally prepared for the fight and Geller travelled with him to Dublin for the fight. Gomez commented that *\"\"I\'m not sure Uri Geller will be of much use to him though because there won\'t be any spoons in that ring for him to bend. The only thing I plan on bending is some of McDonagh\'s ribs with my body punches\"*.
The first four rounds were relatively close with Gomez leading according to pundits but the fight ended in the fifth round in bizarre circumstances when for no apparent reason Gomez stopped fighting and failed to defend himself, he then received a number of unanswered punches from McDonagh before being floored. Gomez rose from the canvas immediately but appeared to ignore the referee and walk towards his corner while the referee continued with his count, and then left the ring as the referee was waving the fight off. The RTÉ commentator Steve Collins commented that *\"I smell a rat, something\'s not right here\"*.
The Boxing Union of Ireland (BUI) suspended both fighters purses, and investigated reports of unusual betting patterns and large sums of money being placed on McDonagh to win inside the distance and more specifically in the fifth round after on McDonagh to win the fight in the fifth-round had been cut from 125--1 to 18--1 by the afternoon of the bout.
Following an investigation, the BUI released the purses to each of the fighters, stating *\"Michael Gomez and Peter McDonagh confirmed that neither they, their families, nor any person in their camp, as far as they were aware, betted on the fight\"*, but expressing disappointment that the bookmaker Boylesports, who had suspended wagering on the bout due to the unusual betting patterns, had chosen not to reply to the investigators\' queries.
Gomez later explained the loss by saying that *\"it was all very simple, I just came to a decision in there that I need to retire from boxing full stop\"*.
Gomez further indicated that he planned to pursue a career in body building. McDonagh, meanwhile, claimed that he had won because Uri Geller had helped him mentally prepare for the fight.
## Irish ranking {#irish_ranking}
In 2005, McDonagh was ranked 4th by the Boxing Union of Ireland in the light welterweight division. He is currently ranked second in irish-boxing.com\'s rankings of lightweights after moving down a division, and is ranked number 2 in the current Boxing Union of Ireland lists
| 539 |
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# Polaris Award
The **Polaris Award** is the highest decoration associated with civil aviation, awarded by the International Federation of Air Line Pilots\' Associations (IFALPA) to airline crews in recognition for acts of exceptional airmanship, heroic action or a combination of these two attributes. In extraordinary cases, passengers may also obtain this award for their heroism. These awards are not made every year, but are presented at IFALPA\'s annual conference.
## Past awards {#past_awards}
Year Captain First Officer Other flight crew Incident Circumstances
------ --------------------------------------- -------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1983 Mr Donald W Usher Mr Melvin E Windsor Unknown Air Florida Flight 90 Rescue helicopter crew
1984 Captain Donald S Cameron FO Claude Ouimet Unknown Air Canada Flight 797 Cabin fire
1985 Captain J Gibson FO G Lintner FE G Laurin Reeve Aleutian Airways Flight 8 L188 Electra propeller loss, and flight controls jammed
1986 Captain Hani Galal FO Imad Mounib Unknown EgyptAir Flight 648 Hijack
1987 Captain M Takahama FO Y Sasaki FE H Fukuda Japan Air Lines Flight 123 Decompression and loss of control
1989 Captain R L Schornstheimer FO M L Tompkins Unknown Aloha Airlines Flight 243 Explosive decompression
1990 Captain Alfred C Haynes FO William Records FE Dudley Dvorak, Captain Dennis E Fitch United Airlines Flight 232 Uncontained engine failure, total hydraulics and control failure
1991 Captain Anatoly Grischenko Chernobyl disaster Helicopter pilot who hovered over the reactor to allow cement to be dropped onto it
1992 Captain Stefan G. Rasmussen FO Ulf Cedermark Scandinavian Airlines Flight 751 Dual engine failure after takeoff
FO Alastair Atchison British Airways Flight 5390 Windscreen failure
Captain W C Query FO Q E Haynes Atlantic Southeast Airlines Flight 2254 Mid-air collision
1993 Captain C Justiniano Hijack, two successful forced landings
1996 Captain A Faria e Mello Paraplegic, wheelchair pilot
Captain B Dhellemme FO Jean-Paul Borderie FE Alain Bossuat Air France Flight 8969 Hijack
1998 Captain L Abate Mr M Mekuria Ethiopian Airlines Flight 961 Hijack, ditching
1999 Captain U Khan FO M F Querishi Hijack
2000 Captain N Nagashima FO Ka Koga All Nippon Airways Flight 61 Hijack
Captain J Yamauchi
Captain T Higuchi
Captain H Takagi
Captain H Nishikata
Captain Y Iwai Mr D Sugama
2001 Captain William Hagan FO Richard Webb FO Phil Watson British Airways Flight 2069 BA 2069, attempted hijack by a paranoia panic attacked person
Captain Jason M Dahl FO LeRoy Homer Jr. United Airlines Flight 93 9/11 attacks
Captain Victor Saracini FO Michael Horrocks United Airlines Flight 175
Captain John Ogonowski FO Thomas McGuinness Jr. American Airlines Flight 11
Captain Charles Burlingame FO David Charlesbois American Airlines Flight 77
2005 Captain Eric Gennotte FO Steeve Michielsen FE Mario Rofail 2003 Baghdad DHL attempted shootdown incident Loss of all hydraulics and controls
Captain I Lyngmo FO K M Andresen Kato Air Flight 603 Lightning strike, elevator control failure
Captain S M Lian FO K M Andresen Mr Odd Eriksen, Mr T Frantzen Kato Air Flight 605 Attempted hijack
Captain J Kurka FO M Turk Austrian Airlines Fokker 70 dual engine failure
2008 Captain T Arnold Nationwide Airlines Flight 723 Engine separated from aircraft
2009 Captain D McMillan FO R Haverfield Eagle Airways Flight 2279 Attempted hijack
2010 Captain J Bartels FO B Werninghaus SO P Tabac Qantas Flight 30 Oxygen bottle explosion, rapid depressurisation
2011 Captain Richard Champion de Crespigny FO M Hicks SO M Johnson, Captain H Wubben, Captain David Evans Qantas Flight 32 Uncontained engine failure
2014 Captain Malcolm Waters FO David Hayhoe Cathay Pacific Flight 780 Contaminated fuel leading to engine stuck at high thrust setting
2017 Carlos Ferreira, Philip Andre David Abad Antonio López-Cerón, Brian Chouza, Daniel Fernández. Rescues of crews of MV Modern Express and [Gure Uxua](https://shipwrecklog.com/log/2016/12/20/) Helicopter rescues of shipwrecked crews
| 622 |
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# Benefit–cost ratio
A **benefit--cost ratio** (**BCR**) is an indicator, used in cost--benefit analysis, that attempts to summarize the overall value for money of a project or proposal. A BCR is the ratio of the benefits of a project or proposal, expressed in monetary terms, relative to its costs, also expressed in monetary terms. All benefits and costs should be expressed in discounted present values. A BCR can be a profitability index in for-profit contexts. A BCR takes into account the amount of monetary gain realized by performing a project versus the amount it costs to execute the project. The higher the BCR the better the investment. The general rule of thumb is that if the benefit is higher than the cost the project is a good investment.
The practice of cost--benefit analysis in some`{{Which|date=January 2020}}`{=mediawiki} countries refers to the BCR as the cost--benefit ratio, but this is still calculated as the ratio of benefits to costs.
## Rationale
In the absence of funding constraints, the best value for money projects are those with the highest net present value (NPV). Where there is a budget constraint, the ratio of NPV to the expenditure falling within the constraint should be used. In practice, the ratio of present value (PV) of future net benefits to expenditure is expressed as a BCR. (NPV-to-investment is net BCR.) BCRs have been used most extensively in the field of transport cost--benefit appraisals. The NPV should be evaluated over the service life of the project.
## Problems
Long-term BCRs, such as those involved in climate change, are very sensitive to the discount rate used in the calculation of net present value, and there is often no consensus on the appropriate rate to use.
The handling of non-monetary impacts also presents problems. These impacts are usually incorporated by estimating them in monetary terms, using measures such as WTP (willingness to pay), though these are often difficult to assess. Alternative approaches include the UK\'s New Approach to Appraisal framework.
A further complication with BCRs concerns the precise definitions of benefits and costs. These can vary depending on the funding agency
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| 0 |
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# Marcel Metefara
**Marcel Metefara** was the Foreign Minister and la Francophonie of the Central African Republic from February 1999 to 2001.
At the Fifty-fifth session of the United Nations General Assembly, Marcel Metefara said that \"a world of peace, progress, and concord summed up the key tenets of the United Nations.\" He emphasized the importance of reviving interest in the organization and make progress in fulfilling its goals. He also hoped to promote peace settlements and asked the World Trade Organization to provide goods to satisfy the needs of various African countries. He placed precedence on the issues on human rights in a report he submitted to the United Nations Commission on Human Rights.
Marcel Metefara was the head of a committee created for the return of refugees, created by Prime Minister of CAR Martin Ziguélé.
He died in 2009
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# 'Til Death Do Us Part: Carmen and Dave
Til Death Do Us Part: Carmen and Dave\'\' \| runtime = approximately 20 minutes (per episode) \| starring = `{{Plainlist|
* [[Carmen Electra]]
* [[Dave Navarro]]
}}`{=mediawiki} \| country = United States \| network = MTV \| first_aired = `{{start date|2004|1|21|df=y}}`{=mediawiki} \| last_aired = `{{end date|2004|3|3|df=y}}`{=mediawiki} \| num_episodes = 7 }}
***{{\'}}Til Death Do Us Part: Carmen and Dave*** (often written ***{{\'}}Til Death Do Us Part: Carmen + Dave**\'\' or***{{\'}}Til Death Do Us Part: Carmen & Dave**\'\') is a reality television show produced by Fernando Hernández for MTV. It followed the lives of Carmen Electra and Dave Navarro through the events leading up to their anything-but-traditional wedding, culminating with the marriage ceremony and reception. The show first aired on MTV on January 21, 2004, and ran for 7 episodes. The final episode aired on March 3, 2004.
Electra and Navarro married on November 22, 2003. The couple separated on July 18, 2006, and Electra filed for divorce on August 10, 2006. On February 20, 2007, their divorce was finalized.
## Origin
Unlike *Newlyweds: Nick and Jessica* and *The Osbournes*, *{{\'}}Til Death Do Us Part: Carmen and Dave* concerns only one facet of the subjects\' lives: preparations for their wedding. MTV approached Electra and Navarro about producing a wedding series after the couple starred in *Carmen and Dave: An MTV Love Story*. That series aired in 2002 and documented the couple\'s courtship. Electra and Navarro, engaged since August 14, 2001, had postponed their wedding, but the show forced them to set a date for their nuptials. The show tried to capture the reality of Electra and Navarro\'s relationship, but according to Navarro, reality TV is an impossibility \"because you\'re not gonna be real with an eight-man crew in your house.\" He describes the show\'s product as \"the most realistic portrayal of . . . life with eight guys with cameras around.\"
## Follow-up {#follow_up}
The stress of making a reality show can be difficult on a marriage, as evidenced by the breakup of Nick Lachey and Jessica Simpson, but it was apparently not the source of trouble for Electra and Navarro. Electra denied the existence of any \"MTV curse\" and said that the reality shows she did with Navarro were not responsible for their later divorce.
## Cast
- Carmen Electra
- Dave Navarro
- Daisy, their pet Yorkshire Terrier (uncredited)
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# 'Til Death Do Us Part: Carmen and Dave
## Episodes
The series aired on Wednesday evenings from January 21 to March 3, 2004.
Episode \# Synopsis Air date
------------ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
Carmen and Dave meet the wedding planner and are overwhelmed by how much they have to do. They have a photo shoot (for the wedding invitations) with David LaChapelle that has the couple stripped naked and posing dead in a morgue. Later, Dave\'s father and stepmother come over to help plan the big event.
The couple chooses flowers and a cake for their wedding before Dave departs on a European tour with Jane\'s Addiction and leaves Carmen to continue planning on her own in his absence. Carmen has a fitting for her wedding dress.
Carmen must make decisions regarding the ceremony location, since Dave is still on tour. She chooses her wedding ring at a jewelry store where Madonna shops. Carmen\'s friends throw her an over-the-top bridal shower, involving a blow-up doll and a midget stripper.
Carmen visits a new location for the wedding. In the evening, Dave returns from Europe. The next day they work on the seating chart for their wedding. Carmen and Dave travel to Las Vegas, where they have a combined bachelor/bachelorette party.
Now only days before the wedding, Carmen and Dave sign their marriage license. Later, Carmen weeps as they listen to their wedding song together. Dave decides to have a physical to get himself in shape for the big day and has the family doctor make a house call. This leads up to the rehearsal dinner, where the bride and groom\'s families meet for the very first time.
Carmen, who is staying at the hotel where she and Dave are to be married, wakes up on the morning of the wedding and finds that her room has no heat. Dave, back at the house, tries to relax before his nuptials. The hotel staff prepares for the event, and the wedding planner takes care of last minute details. Carmen and her bridesmaids have their hair and make-up done. Dave and the groomsmen get ready for the ceremony to begin.
Carmen and Dave exchange wedding vows in an emotional ceremony, but one of the live parrots in the wedding party \"squawks now\" instead of holding its peace. At the reception Carmen and Dave go through the traditional cake cutting and bouquet tossing, but in the presence of an interesting mix of guests, including Playmates and celebrities. Dave and his friends go up on stage to play some music. The show ends as Carmen and Dave drive off \"into the future
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# NPO Energomash
**NPO Energomash** \"V. P. Glushko\" is a major Russian rocket engine manufacturer. The company primarily develops and produces liquid propellant rocket engines. Energomash originates from the Soviet design bureau **OKB-456**, which was founded in 1946. NPO Energomash acquired its current name on May 15, 1991, in honor of its former chief designer Valentin Glushko.
Energomash is noted for its long history of large scale LOX/Kerosene engine development. Notable examples are the RD-107/RD-108 engines used on the R-7, Molniya and Soyuz rocket families, and the RD-170, RD-171 and RD-180 engines used on the Energia, Zenit and Atlas V launch vehicles.
, the company remained largely owned by the federal government of Russia, but RSC Energia owned approximately 14% of the total shares. `{{asof|2009}}`{=mediawiki}, NPO Energomash employed approximately 5500 workers at its headquarters in Khimki, Moscow and its satellite facilities in Samara, Perm, and St. Petersburg.
On 4 August 2016, the company announced that it would launch a new plant by December 2016.
## History
Valentin Petrovich Glushko was appointed chief designer of the newly founded OKB-456 design bureau on July 3, 1946. The company was quickly tasked with the production of a Russian copy of the German V2 rocket engine, under the supervision of Glushko and 234 German designers added to the company in October, 1946. At the end of that year, OKB-456 took up residence in an aviation factory near the city of Khimki, just outside Moscow. Here, the bureau constructed facilities to build and test fire its engines. The RD-100 performed admirably, and low-pressure LOX/Ethanol engine development continued, in the form of the RD-102 and RD-103. However, the development of high-pressure engine technology allowed propellants with a higher energy density to be used, and so LOX/Kerosene quickly replaced LOX/Ethanol as the propellant of choice.
In 2013, the Russian government began a major effort to renationalize the Russian space sector, and created United Rocket and Space Corporation (URSC) to consolidate its space holdings. In December 2013 President Putin issued a presidential decree setting up the URSC corporation. The decree stipulated that the corporation will take over manufacturing facilities. The industry reorganization continued into 2014 with a Sberbank cooperation agreement.
## Storable propellants and hypergols {#storable_propellants_and_hypergols}
In 1954, the development and success of the LOX/Kerosene RD-107 and RD-108 engines allowed the company to expand its engine development work further. The RD-214 engine, using a storable mixture of Nitric Acid and Kerosene, was developed for ballistic missiles with a short readiness time requirement. The RD-214 was soon superseded by the RD-216 and later variants, which used a hypergolic combination of UDMH and Nitric Acid. This line of development later led to the highly successful UDMH/N~2~O~4~ engines RD-253 and RD-275 used on the Proton launch vehicles -- these were the most powerful hypergolic engine of its time, and remains in production to the current day.
## High pressure engines {#high_pressure_engines}
The RD-107 and RD-108 engines developed from 1954-1957 were extremely reliable and widely used. However, DB Energomash (renamed from the original OKB designation in 1967) saw great potential in the development of LOX/Kerosene engines with a higher chamber pressure. This presented many challenges to the engine designers, most notably the development of a turbopump which could deliver enough propellant to keep the engine running at a pressure high enough to maintain combustion stability. The resulting engine, developed in the early 1980s, was the RD-170, which runs at a chamber pressure of 24.5 MPa and produces 7550 kN of thrust at a sea-level specific impulse of 309 sec, and 7903 kN of thrust at a vacuum specific impulse of 337 sec --- one of the most efficient and powerful LOX/Kerosene engines in the world.
## Current work {#current_work}
Variants of the RD-170 are still in use today on such vehicles as the Zenit 3SL used by Sea Launch. The modern Soyuz rocket uses updated versions of the RD-107 and RD-108 engines. The RD-180 engine, developed with Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne through the RD AMROSS partnership, is a direct descendant of the RD-170 line and is used as the propulsion system for the first stage of Atlas V. The most current engine listed on the NPO Energomash website is the single-chamber RD-191, developed for the Angara and Baikal launch vehicles.
NPO Energomash works with other Russian companies (Keldysh Research Center and KBKhA), and in cooperation with European companies on the Volga rocket engine project.
The company continues to research and explore new engine concepts, such as the tripropellant, bi-modal engines of the RD-700 family (RD-701 and RD-704).
On 1 June 2016, the company successfully tested first-stage engine named RD-181, a modified version of the RD-191 for Antares.
On 10 August 2016, the company successfully tested first-stage engine named PDU-99 \"ПДУ-99\" for RS-28 Sarmat.
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| 0 |
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# NPO Energomash
## List of orbital launchers {#list_of_orbital_launchers}
No. Vehicle Origin Engine
------ ------------------------ ------------------------- -----------
1\. Angara (rocket family) RD-191
2\. Energia RD-170
3\. Voskhod RD-107
4\. Vostok (rocket family) RD-107
5\. Molniya RD-107ММ
6\. Polyot RD-107
7\. Kosmos (rocket family) RD-170
8\. Soyuz (rocket family) RD-107
9\. Zenit (rocket family) & `{{UKR}}`{=mediawiki} RD-171
10\. Dnepr & `{{UKR}}`{=mediawiki} RD-263
11\. MAKS (spacecraft) & `{{UKR}}`{=mediawiki} RD-701
12\. Tsyklon RD-252
13\. Antares (rocket) RD-181
14\. Atlas III RD-180
15\. Atlas V RD-180
16\
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| 1 |
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# Courtesy telephone
A **courtesy telephone** is a telephone located in airport terminals, large train stations, hotel lobbies, and other places where many travellers are expected, which is used to relay messages to a specific person.
It is typically used in connection with a public address system announcement of the style \"Gwen Cooper, please pick up the nearest white courtesy telephone.\" Courtesy telephones may have a distinctive color, which is traditionally white in US airports, and most have no dialing capabilities but rather are simple ringdown stations to reach an operator or other fixed number. Some double as emergency telephones, having buttons by which a user can distinguish between emergency use and inquiry.
Customers can use a courtesy phone to seek information, such as where to find further transport or a person trying to meet them. Some courtesy phones provide a direct line to a number of advertised businesses, such as motels or taxis. They may be located near baggage claim, ticketing areas, and security checkpoints.
Other telephones in public or semi-public places which may be used to make outside calls are also sometimes called \"courtesy telephones\"
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# Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata
Kew Science \|url=<https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77190043-1#synonyms> \|website=Plants of the World Online \|access-date=29 October 2023 \|language=en}}
}}
***Olea europaea*subsp.*cuspidata*** is a subspecies of the well-known olive tree (*Olea europaea*), which until recently was considered a separate species (*Olea africana*) and is still mentioned as such in many sources. Native to mostly dry areas across sub-saharan Africa, West Asia, the Himalayan region and southern China, it has various common names, including **wild olive**, **African olive**, **brown olive** and **Indian olive**.
It is the ancestor of the cultivated olive and it has been introduced to Australia, New Zealand and the US. It is an aggressive invasive species that can infest dry woodland areas, riparian zones, headlands and dune systems.
## Description
This much-branched evergreen tree varies in size from 2 to high. The leaves have an opposite, decussate arrangement, and are entire, 3 to long and 8 to wide; the apex is acute with a small hook or point, and the base is attenuate to cuneate.
Leaf margins are entire and recurved, the upper surface is grey-green and glossy, and the lower surface has a dense covering of silvery, golden or brown scales. Domatia are absent; venation is obvious on the upper surface and obscure on the lower surface; the petiole is up to 10 mm long.
In drier areas, the plant may be less than 1 m tall within 5--10 years, though it may still reach sexual maturity at around five to six years when it is a shrub at 4 m} high. In the right conditions, the plant can reach its full height of 10 to between 8 and 12 years.
### Inflorescence and fruit {#inflorescence_and_fruit}
The flowers are small and inconspicuous, usually appearing in spring. The calyx is four-lobed, about 1 mm long. The corolla is greenish-white or cream; the tube is 1 to long; lobes are about 3 mm long and reflexed at the anthesis. The two stamens are fused near the top of the corolla tube, with bilobed stigma.
Fruit are borne in panicles or racemes 50 to long. The fruit are edible but bitter. The globose to ellipsoid fruit is a drupe, 6 mm in diameter and 15 to long; it is fleshy, glaucous to a dull shine when ripe, and purple-black.
## Distribution
It is extensively found through Africa (i.e. Egypt, Eastern Africa, Central Africa and Southern Africa), the Mascarenes (i.e. Mauritius and Réunion), western Asia (i.e. Arabian Peninsula, Afghanistan and Iran), the Indian sub-continent (i.e. northern India, Nepal and Pakistan) and western China. Subtropical dry forests of *Olea europaea cuspidata* are found in the Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests ecoregion.
In areas where it is not native, such as Australia, it is classified as an environmental weed spread mainly by birds eating the fruit. It is widely naturalized in New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Western Australia, where it is found in bushlands, parks, roadsides and waste areas on the coast and in highlands, where it would alter the original composition of the native vegetation. It was first introduced to Australia in the mid 19th century for ornamental reasons.
## Uses
The wood is much-prized and durable, with a strong smell similar to bay rum, and is used for fine furniture and turnery. The wood is strong, hard, durable and heavy and resistant to termites and wood borers. The spindle wood is very light, while the heartwood is dark yellow to reddish brown.
*Olea europaea* subsp. *cuspidata* produces edible fruit. They contain a biologically important oleanolic compound isolated from the chloroform extract (Anwar et al. 2013). The ripened fruits serve as a source of natural antioxidants due to their potential total phenolic compounds (Sharma et al. 2013). Traditionally in the Himalayas, the fruit of *Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata* has been used as medicine (Hassan et al. 2022).
This species is cultivated as an ornamental tree for parks and gardens. It is also used for the production of table olives and oil. The sap of the fruit of this tree can also be used to make ink.
## Gallery
Starr-090514-7848-Olea europaea subsp cuspidata-flowers-Kula-Maui (24324698064).jpg\|Flowers Starr 070111-3139 Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata.jpg\|Leaves Olea europaea subsp cuspidata, groen vrugte, Buffelsdrift, a.jpg\|Unripe fruit Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata (Olea africana) - Jardín Botánico de Barcelona - Barcelona, Spain - DSC09253.JPG\|Jardí Botànic de Barcelona Olea europaea subsp cuspidata, groen en ryp vrugte, Buffelsdrift, a.jpg\|Ripe fruit (dark purple) Olea europea subsp cuspidata - Cape Olive - Table Mountain.jpg\|Trunk of old tree Starr-980826-1622-Olea europaea subsp cuspidata-seedlings-Makawao-Maui (24228322810)
| 745 |
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| 0 |
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# Chinese Taipei Davis Cup team
The **Chinese Taipei men\'s national tennis team** represents Taiwan in Davis Cup tennis competition and are governed by the Chinese Taipei Tennis Association.
Chinese Taipei will compete in the Davis Cup Qualifiers in 2024.
## History
Chinese Taipei competed in its first Davis Cup in 1972. Formerly They had achieved Asia/Oceania Zone Group I second round in 2005, 2006 and 2009. After the new World Group format introduced, Chinese Taipei had won four straight ties since 2022 and will compete in 2024 Qualifiers for the first time
| 93 |
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| 0 |
10,023,138 |
# Chandrasekhar number
The **Chandrasekhar number** is a dimensionless quantity used in magnetic convection to represent ratio of the Lorentz force to the viscosity. It is named after the Indian astrophysicist Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar.
The number\'s main function is as a measure of the magnetic field, being proportional to the square of a characteristic magnetic field in a system.
## Definition
The Chandrasekhar number is usually denoted by the letter $\ Q$, and is motivated by a dimensionless form of the Navier-Stokes equation in the presence of a magnetic force in the equations of magnetohydrodynamics:
:
: $\frac{1}{\sigma}\left(\frac{\partial^{}\mathbf{u}}{\partial t^{}}\ +\ (\mathbf{u} \cdot \nabla) \mathbf{u}\right)\ =\ - {\mathbf \nabla }p\ +\ \nabla^2 \mathbf{u}\ +\frac {\sigma}{\zeta} {Q}\ ({\mathbf \nabla} \wedge \mathbf{B}) \wedge\mathbf{B},$
where $\ \sigma$ is the Prandtl number, and $\ \zeta$ is the magnetic Prandtl number.
The Chandrasekhar number is thus defined as:
:
: ${Q}\ =\ \frac{{B_0}^2 d^2}{\mu_0 \rho \nu \lambda}$
where $\ \mu_0$ is the magnetic permeability, $\ \rho$ is the density of the fluid, $\ \nu$ is the kinematic viscosity, and $\ \lambda$ is the magnetic diffusivity. $\ B_0$ and $\ d$ are a characteristic magnetic field and a length scale of the system respectively
| 196 |
Chandrasekhar number
| 0 |
10,023,153 |
# Astrolabe Glacier
**Astrolabe Glacier** is a glacier 10 km wide and 10 nmi long, flowing north-northeast from the continental ice and terminating at the coast in a prominent tongue at the east side of Géologie Archipelago.
## History
It was first sighted in 1840 by the French expedition under Captain Jules Dumont d\'Urville, although no glaciers were noted on d\'Urville\'s chart of this coast but a formidable icy dike with perpendicular flanks of 37.7 m high according to the joined plate, corresponding to the glacier tongue. The glacier was photographed from the air by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump in January 1947. It was charted by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1949--51, and named after d\'Urville\'s flagship, the *Astrolabe*.
## Glacier Tounge {#glacier_tounge}
The **Astrolabe Glacier Tongue** (66 42 S 140 5 E type:glacier_region:AQ_source:GNIS display=inline) is a prominent glacier tongue about 3 nmi wide and 4 nmi long, extending northeast from Astrolabe Glacier.
Located in the Terre Adélie-George V Land section of East Antarctica, Astrolabe Glacier streams out from the interior of Antarctica to dump ice into the sea
| 178 |
Astrolabe Glacier
| 0 |
10,023,188 |
# Athos Range
**Athos Range** (70 13 S 64 50 E type:mountain) is the northernmost range in the Prince Charles Mountains of Mac. Robertson Land, Antarctica. The range consists of many individual mountains and nunataks that trend east--west for 40 mi along the north side of Scylla Glacier.
These mountains were first observed from aircraft of U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946--47. The western part of the range was first visited by an ANARE Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE) party led by John Béchervaise in November 1955. The range was again visited in December 1956 by the ANARE southern party, 1956--57, led by W.G. Bewsher, and a depot was established at the eastern extremity. It was named after a character in *The Three Musketeers*, a novel by Alexandre Dumas, *père* which was the most popular book read on the southern journey.
## Key mountains {#key_mountains}
- **Mount Albion** (70 17 S 65 39 E type:mountain) is a mountain 2 mi south-southeast of Mount O\'Shea in the south part of the Athos Range. Discovered by an ANARE southern party led by W.G. Bewsher (1956--57) and named for Patrick Albion, radio operator at Mawson Station in 1956.
- **Farley Massif** (70 13 S 65 48 E type:mountain) is a mountain one mile north of Mount Jacklyn. Plotted from ANARE air photos and named for J.A. Farley, surveyor at Mawson Station in 1964.
- **Giddings Peak** (70 12 S 64 44 E type:mountain) is a small peak just west of Mount Bechervaise. Plotted from ANARE air photos of 1965 and named by ANCA after A. Giddings, cook at Wilkes Station in 1959.
- **Mount Jacklyn** (70 15 S 65 53 E type:mountain) is a conical peak surmounting a horseshoe-shaped ridge 1 mi south of Farley Massif, in the eastern part of the Athos Range. First visited by an ANARE southern party led by W.G. Bewsher (1956--57) and named for Robert Jacklyn, cosmic ray physicist at Mawson Station in 1956.
- **Mount O\'Shea** (70 15 S 65 35 E type:mountain) is a mountain two miles NNW of Mount Albion. Plotted from ANARE air photos and named for A.J. O\'Shea, assistant diesel mechanic at Mawson Station in 1964.
- **Mount Shennan** (70 14 S 65 33 E type:mountain) is a mountain 4 mi west of Farley Massif. Plotted from ANARE air photos and named for K. J. Shennan, assistant diesel mechanic at Mawson Station in 1963.
- **Mount Starlight** (70 12 S 64 30 E type:mountain) is an extensive ridge of exposed brown rock with steep sides but no sharp peaks, standing at the western end of the Athos Range. Sighted in November 1955 by an ANARE party led by J. M. Bechervaise. Named to commemorate the so-called Operation Starlight during which depots were laid for further work and mapping and geological investigations accomplished.
| 469 |
Athos Range
| 0 |
10,023,188 |
# Athos Range
## Features
Geographical features include:
- **Allison Ridge** (70 45 S 66 19 E source:GNIS) is a rock ridge, partly snow-covered, about 0.5 nmi west of Mount Bunt. It was plotted from ANARE air photos taken in 1960 and was named by the ANCA for D. Allison, an electrical engineer at Mawson Station in 1965.
- **Bradley Ridge** (70 14 S 65 15 E source:GNIS) is a rock ridge about 7 nmi southeast of Mount Peter. It was plotted from ANARE air photos, and named for R.G. Bradley, a weather observer at Mawson Station in 1964.
- **Dawson Nunatak** (70 13 S 65 2 E source:GNIS) is a nunatak about 3 nmi south-southeast of Mount Peter. It was plotted from ANARE air photos, and named for P.L. Dawson, a senior diesel mechanic at Mawson Station in 1964.
- **Harriss Ridge** (70 8 S 65 8 E source:GNIS) is an east--west ridge with two small outliers off its west end, located 2 nmi northeast of Mount Dovers. It was plotted from ANARE air photos taken in 1965, and named by ANCA for B. Harriss, a helicopter pilot with the Prince Charles Mountains survey party in 1969.
- The **Hunt Nunataks** (70 11 S 64 53 E source:GNIS) are a linear group of nunataks, 2 nmi long, lying just east of Mount Bechervaise. They were plotted by the ANARE from air photos obtained in 1965, and named by ANCA for P. Hunt, a senior helicopter pilot with the Prince Charles Mountains survey party in 1969.
- The **Kotterer Peaks** (70 11 S 64 26 E source:GNIS) are a group of small peaks standing between the Wignall Nunataks and Mount Starlight. They were mapped from ANARE surveys and air photos, 1955--65, and were named by ANCA for C. Kotterer, a weather observer at Davis Station, 1964.
- **Leah Ridge** (70 13 S 65 0 E source:GNIS) is a rock ridge located 1 nmi northwest of Dawson Nunatak and 5 nmi southeast of Mount Béchervaise. The feature was intersected by an ANARE survey party in November 1966 and climbed by the party in December 1966. It was so named by ANCA because \"Leah\" was the code word used at Mawson Station to identify the survey party.
- **McKenzie Peak** is a peak just south of Mount Albion. It was plotted from ANARE air photos of 1965, and was named by ANCA for J.F. McKenzie, a radio technician at Wilkes Station in 1963.
- **Miller Ridge** (70 8 S 65 30 E source:GNIS) is a rock ridge 1 nmi east of Mount Seedsman on the north side of the Athos Range. It was plotted from ANARE air photos, and was named for L.D. Miller, a radio operator at Mawson Station in 1964.
- **Mount Béchervaise** (70 11 S 64 48 E) is a great massif of brown rock, 2,360 m, standing one nautical mile (1.9 km) east of Mount Lacey in the Athos Range, Prince Charles Mountains. It has a sheer north face and is bare except for an icecap on the flat summit. First visited in November 1955 by an ANARE party led by John M. Béchervaise, officer in charge at Mawson Station in 1955, for whom it is named.
- **Mount Bool** (70 11 S 64 57 E) is a mountain between Mount Peter and Mount Dwyer. Plotted by ANARE from air photos taken in 1965. Named by ANCA for G.A. Bool, weather observer at Mawson Station, who assisted with the Prince Charles Mountains survey in 1969.
- **Mount Cardell** is an elongated mountain 2 nmi northwest of Bradley Ridge. It was plotted from ANARE air photos, and named for N. Cardell, senior technician (electronics) at Mawson Station in 1964.
- **Mount Cartledge** (70 17 S 65 43 E source:GNIS) is a mountain just east of Mount Albion. It was plotted from ANARE air photos of 1965, and named by ANCA for W.J. Cartledge, plumber at Wilkes Station in 1962, and carpenter at Mawson Station in 1966.
- **Mount Dart** is a mountain 1.5 nmi southeast of Mount Dwyer. It was plotted from ANARE air photos taken in 1965, and named by ANCA for J.R. Dart, a radio operator at Mawson Station who took part in the Prince Charles Mountains survey in 1969.
- **Mount Dovers** (70 8 S 64 59 E source:GNIS) is a high, brown rock ridge 2 nautical miles (4 km) northwest of Mount Dwyer. It was observed from the Stinear Nunataks in 1954 by an ANARE party led by Robert G. Dovers, officer in charge at Mawson Station, and its position was plotted in December 1955 by a party led by John Béchervaise. It was named by ANCA for Robert G. Dovers.
- **Mount Dwyer** (70 11 S 65 4 E source:GNIS) is a mountain 2 nmi southeast of Mount Dovers. It was plotted from ANARE air photos, and was named for V.J. Dwyer, a radio operator at Mawson Station in 1964.
- **Mount Lacey** (70 11 S 64 43 E source:GNIS) is a high, pyramidal, brown rock mountain with two sharp peaks, standing 1 nmi west of Mount Béchervaise. It was first sighted by an ANARE party led by John Béchervaise in November 1955 and plotted by R.H. Lacey, a surveyor at Mawson Station in 1955, for whom it is named.
- **Mount Mercer** is a mountain 2 nmi west of Farley Massif. It was plotted from ANARE air photos of 1965, and was named by ANCA for B. Mercer, a weather observer at Davis Station in 1961.
- **Mount Moonie** (70 13 S 65 7 E source:GNIS) is a mountain just south of Mount Dart and 1 nmi west of Mount Cardell. It was plotted from ANARE air photos taken in 1965, and was named by ANCA for P. J. Moonie, a radio operator at Mawson Station in 1967 and 1969, and a member of the Prince Charles Mountains survey party in 1969.
- **Mount Peter** (70 11 S 64 56 E) is a large dome-shaped rock outcrop with a flat, sheer north face, about 2 nmi east of Mount Bechervaise. First visited in November 1955 by an ANARE party led by J.M. Bechervaise. Named by ANCA for Peter Crohn, geologist at Mawson Station, 1955--1956.
- **Mount Seedsman** (70 9 S 65 26 E) is a mountain about 8 nautical miles (15 km) east of Mount Dovers. Plotted from ANARE air photos. Named for Donald Linton Seedsman, electronics engineer at Mawson Station in 1964.
- **Mount Stalker** (70 9 S 65 37 E) is a mountain in the northern part of the Athos Range, about 5 nautical miles (9 km) northwest of Farley Massif. Plotted from ANARE air photos. Named for J.F. Stalker, weather observer at Mawson Station in 1964.
- **Smith Nunatak** is a nunatak just southeast of Mount Starlight. The nunatak is marked by a moraine which extends 2 nautical miles (3.7 km) north from it. Plotted from ANARE air photos of 1965. Named by ANCA for J.C. Smith, diesel mechanic at Wilkes Station in 1960.
- **Svensson Ridge** (70 11 S 64 29 E) is a rock ridge 1 nautical mile (1.9 km) northwest of Mount Starlight. Mapped from ANARE surveys and air photos, 1955--65. Named by ANCA for A. Svensson, weather observer at Davis Station, 1964.
- **Weasel Gap** (70 11 S 64 39 E) is a gap with a surface and a low gradient offering a feasible north--south route between Mount Starlight and Mount Lacey. Sighted in November 1955 by an ANARE party led by J.M. Bechervaise. Named after the tracked vehicles used by ANARE.
- **Whelan Nunatak** is an isolated nunatak standing 5 nautical miles (9 km) northwest of Mount Starlight. Mapped by ANARE from air photos taken in 1965. Named by ANCA for R.F. Whelan, radio officer at Davis Station, 1964.
- The **Wignall Nunataks** (70 10 S 64 23 E) are two snow-covered nunataks standing 2 nautical miles (3.7 km) northwest of Mount Starlight. Mapped from ANARE surveys and air photos, 1955--65. Named by ANCA for R. Wignall, weather observer at Davis Station, 1964
| 1,348 |
Athos Range
| 1 |
10,023,194 |
# China Davis Cup team
The **China men\'s national tennis team** represents the People\'s Republic of China in Davis Cup tennis competition and are governed by the Chinese Tennis Association. It was represented by the Republic of China from 1924-1946. The team did not participate between 1946-1983, and in 1983 the People\'s Republic of China competed for the first time.
China currently competes in the Asia/Oceania Zone of Group I. They have never competed in the World Group, but reached the Play-offs in 1990 and also reached the Eastern Zone final in 1987.
## Current team (2022) {#current_team_2022}
- Zhang Zhizhen
- Wu Yibing
- Bu Yunchaokete
- Li Hanwen
- Te Rigele
## History
China competed in its first Davis Cup in 1924
| 124 |
China Davis Cup team
| 0 |
10,023,227 |
# Atka Iceport
**Atka Iceport**, also known as **Atka Bay**, is an iceport about 10 mi long and wide, marking a more-or-less permanent indentation in the front of the Ekstrom Ice Shelf on the coast of Queen Maud Land.
## Discovery and naming {#discovery_and_naming}
Atka Iceport was mapped in detail by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photographs taken by the Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition (1949-1952), led by John Schjelderup Giæver. It was named by personnel of the USS *Atka*, under U.S. Navy Commander Glen Jacobsen, which moored here in February 1955 while investigating possible base sites for International Geophysical Year operations.
## Station
Atka Bay is the site of Germany\'s Neumayer Station III.
## Important Bird Area {#important_bird_area}
A 425 ha tract of sea ice in the bay has been identified as an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International because it supports a breeding colony of about 12,000 emperor penguins
| 150 |
Atka Iceport
| 0 |
10,023,243 |
# Peter Clifford (cricketer)
**Peter Stanley Clifford** (born 4 November 1959, in Bellingen, New South Wales) was an Australian first-class cricketer who played for the New South Wales Blues and the Queensland Bulls later on in his career. A right-handed batsman, he played between 1983 and 1991. His best season came in 1984/85 when he made 919 runs in his 12 matches at an average of 51.
## Career
Clifford played grade cricket for Randwick and captained the Australian Under-19 side. He was picked for NSW in 1982-83 but was made 12th man.
Clifford made his first class debut in 1983-84 after performing well in trial games. He scored 74 in his first game and made 152 against Victoria in his second game. He scored 443 first class runs at 88.60 during his debut season. He was also part of a Randwick side that won the grade premiership.
NSW coach Bob Simpson said Clifford\'s \"second season in the Shield will really test him - the first season is perhaps a little easier because the bowlers don\'t know the batsmen.\" Clifford agreed saying, \"I still haven\'t struck the big guns yet,\" he said, referring to the top opening bowlers in Australia. \"I think you get away with a lot more in your first season but towards the end it was a lot harder to score quick runs\... I\'m really worried about getting into the Shield side. I just want to consolidate my spot. It\'s taken a while to get into it and I would do anything to stay here. 1 don\'t mind batting anywhere from opener to number six and I bat the same way regardless of where I come in.\"
Clifford had a superb 1984-85 season, scoring 919 runs, including a crucial knock of 83 in the Sheffield Shield final, helping NSW draw the game and win the competition. He was discussed as an international prospect. He was offered a scholarship to play in England in 1985.
He struggled more over the 1985-86 season, making 396 runs at 30.46. However he was selected on the Australian Under 25 tour of Zimbabwe.
He had a poor 1986-87 season, making 120 runs at 24.
He returned to first class cricket in 1988-89, scoring 271 runs at 30.11. He was better the following season, scoring 432 runs at 36.
In this last season of first class cricket, 1990--91, he scored 183 runs at 22
| 401 |
Peter Clifford (cricketer)
| 0 |
10,023,252 |
# Uzbekistan Davis Cup team
The **Uzbekistan men\'s national tennis team** represents Uzbekistan in Davis Cup tennis competition and is governed by the Uzbekistan Tennis Federation.
Uzbekistan currently compete in the Asia/Oceania Zone of Group I. They have never competed in the World Group, but reached the Play-offs on nine occasions (1998-2001, 2009, 2012, 2014-2016 and 2018).
## History
Uzbekistan competed in its first Davis Cup in 1994. Uzbek players previously competed for the USSR.
## Current team (2022) {#current_team_2022}
- Sergey Fomin
- Denis Istomin
- Khumoyun Sultanov
- Sanjar Fayziev
- Maxim Shin
## Statistics
\'\'Last updated: United States -- Uzbekistan; 7 March 2020
Record
- Total: 38--26 (59.4%)
Head-to-head record (1994--)
DC team `{{Tooltip|Pld|Games played}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Tooltip|W|Won}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Tooltip|L|Lost}}`{=mediawiki}
------------ -------------------------------------------- --------------------------------- ----------------------------------
3 0 3
2 2 0
1 1 0
10 7 3
1 1 0
1 0 1
1 0 1
5 2 3
3 3 0
4 2 2
1 1 0
1 0 1
2 2 0
1 0 1
4 4 0
3 3 0
2 2 0
1 1 0
2 0 2
6 5 1
1 0 1
1 1 0
1 0 1
5 1 4
2 0 2
Total (25) 64 38 26
Record against continents
+------------------+------------------------------+------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+
| Africa | Asia | Europe | North America | Oceania | South America |
+==================+==============================+==============================+=========================+=============================+==================+
| | \ | \ | | \ | |
| | `{{davis|BRU}}`{=mediawiki}\ | `{{davis|GBR}}`{=mediawiki}\ | | `{{davis|NZL}}`{=mediawiki} | |
| | `{{davis|CHN}}`{=mediawiki}\ | `{{davis|NED}}`{=mediawiki}\ | | | |
| | `{{davis|TPE}}`{=mediawiki}\ | `{{davis|SRB}}`{=mediawiki}\ | | | |
| | `{{davis|IND}}`{=mediawiki}\ | `{{davis|ESP}}`{=mediawiki}\ | | | |
| | `{{davis|INA}}`{=mediawiki}\ | `{{davis|SUI}}`{=mediawiki} | | | |
| | `{{davis|JPN}}`{=mediawiki}\ | | | | |
| | `{{davis|JOR}}`{=mediawiki}\ | | | | |
| | `{{davis|KAZ}}`{=mediawiki}\ | | | | |
| | `{{davis|LBN}}`{=mediawiki}\ | | | | |
| | `{{davis|PAK}}`{=mediawiki}\ | | | | |
| | `{{davis|PHI}}`{=mediawiki}\ | | | | |
| | `{{davis|QAT}}`{=mediawiki}\ | | | | |
| | `{{davis|KOR}}`{=mediawiki}\ | | | | |
| | `{{davis|SRI}}`{=mediawiki}\ | | | | |
| | `{{davis|THA}}`{=mediawiki} | | | | |
+------------------+------------------------------+------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+
| **Record:** 0--0 | **Record:** 34--14 (70.8%) | **Record:** 0--7 (0.0%) | **Record:** 0--2 (0.0%) | **Record:** 4--3 (57.1%) | **Record:** 0--0 |
+------------------+------------------------------+------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+
Record by decade:
- 1990--1999: 14--5 (73.7%)
- 2000--2009: 13--10 (56.5%)
- 2010--2019: 11--10 (52.4%)
- 2020--2029: 0--1 (0
| 404 |
Uzbekistan Davis Cup team
| 0 |
10,023,254 |
# Quar Ice Shelf
**Quar Ice Shelf** is the ice shelf between Cape Norvegia and Sorasen Ridge along the coast of Queen Maud Land.
## Discovery and Naming {#discovery_and_naming}
It was mapped by the Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition (NBSAE) (1949--1952). The ice shelf was named after Leslie Quar, a British radio mechanic and electrician with NBSAE, who drowned when the weasel (track-driven vehicle) in which he was riding drove over the edge of this ice shelf on 24 February 1951.
The NBSAE established Maudheim Station about 1 mile south of Norsel Iceport
| 91 |
Quar Ice Shelf
| 0 |
10,023,257 |
# Starseed (song)
*Pandoc failed*: ```
Error at (line 49, column 1):
unexpected '{'
{{single chart|Canadatopsingles|42|chartid=2585|rowheader=true}}
^
``
| 18 |
Starseed (song)
| 0 |
10,023,282 |
# Alfons Martí Bauçà
**Alfons Marti**, or *Alfons Marti Bauza*, is a Spanish writer, born in Palma de Mallorca (Balearic Islands) on 8 February 1968. He has written essays, a philosophical novel and travel books, amongst other works
| 38 |
Alfons Martí Bauçà
| 0 |
10,023,297 |
# List of highways numbered 189
| 6 |
List of highways numbered 189
| 0 |
10,023,328 |
# Kazakhstan Davis Cup team
The **Kazakhstan men\'s national tennis team** represents Kazakhstan in Davis Cup tennis competition and are governed by the Kazakhstan Tennis Federation. In 2011, Kazakhstan competed in the World Group for the first time after they won against Switzerland in the 2010 World Group play-offs. After the first round win against the Czech Republic in 2011, Kazakhstan secured their spot in the World Group for the 2012 Davis Cup. They lost in the first round to Spain, but defeated Uzbekistan in the play-offs, which again kept them in the World Group for 2013. In 2013, they defeated Austria in the first round, but lost to the Czech Republic in the quarterfinals.
## History
Kazakhstan competed in its first Davis Cup in 1995. Kazakh players previously represented the USSR national tennis team.
In 2010, Kazakhstan competed in the Davis Cup Asia/Oceania Zone, beating South Korea in the 1st round, 5 rubbers to 0, and China in the 2nd round, 4 rubbers to 1, to earn a spot in the World Group playoffs. Kazakhstan then beat Switzerland, 5 rubbers to 0, to earn a spot in the 2011 World Group. Kazakhstan competed in the World Group in at least the following 4 years.
In 2021, Kazakhstan were in the quarterfinals, after winning their Round-robin tournament group stage in Group B.
### Group B {#group_b}
Pos
| 227 |
Kazakhstan Davis Cup team
| 0 |
10,023,343 |
# Wayne Holdsworth
**Wayne John Holdsworth** (born 5 October 1968 in Paddington, New South Wales) is a former Australian first-class cricketer who played for New South Wales from 1989 to 1996.
## Cricket career {#cricket_career}
Holdsworth was a right-arm fast bowler who took 188 wickets for New South Wales at 32.13. His best season came in 1992/93 when he took 53 first--class wickets. In this season he became the first player in the history of Sheffield Shield cricket to take seven wickets in an innings in three consecutive matches. The tally included career-best figures of 7/41, which he took in the Sheffield Shield final against Queensland, which NSW won. He was rewarded with a spot in the 1993 Ashes touring squad and although he didn\'t play a Test he did take a hat-trick against Derbyshire in a warm up match and played a one-day match against Ireland, and took 3 for 13 off 6 overs. He also represented Australia B on a tour of Zimbabwe in 1991/92 under Mark Taylor and for Australia at the ICC Under 19\'s World Cup in 1988 which Australia won. In the season 1989/90 he was chosen for the Prime Minister\'s XI game against Pakistan and has been selected in a Northern Territory Invitation XI, Bradman XI and Australian Masters XI teams.
The stockily-built \"quick\" struggled to recapture his form and a consistent place in the NSW team following his tour of England and played his final first-class match in 1996. Nicknamed \"Cracker\", in his début First Class game, he took a wicket with his first ever ball for New South Wales in 1989 and also another wicket and a dropped catch in his first over.
He is all time wicket record holder at Bankstown in Sydney Grade with 511 First Grade wickets at 21.23 He also was leading season wicket taker for Bankstown in the 1986/87, 1995/96, 1997/98, 1999/00 and 2000/01.
## Personal achievements {#personal_achievements}
- 3 × Sheffield Shield winner (NSW) -- 1989/90, 1992/93 and 1993/94
- 2 × Sheffield Shield runner-up (NSW) -- 1990/91 and 1991/92
- 3 × Domestic One Day winner (NSW) -- 1991/92, 1992/93 and 1993/94
- 1 × Domestic One Day runner-up (NSW) -- 1990/91
- Australian first-class cricket season leading wicket-taker 1992/93 (53 wickets at 25.96)
- Ashes Tourist 1993 (12 matches for Australia on tour)
- Australia B Zimbabwe Tourist 1991/92 (5 matches on tour)
- Prime Minister\'s XI vs Pakistan (1989/90)
- ICC Youth World Cup winner 1988 (Australia)
- ICC Youth World Cup leading wicket taker (19 wickets at 12.52)
- Bradman XI (1991/92--1998/99)
- Northern Territory Invitation XI (1992/93)
- Australia Masters XI (2008/09)
- Sydney First Grade leading season wicket taker 1995/96 (69 wickets at 14.15)
- Sydney First Grade lowest season bowling average 1991/92 (30 wickets at 12
| 467 |
Wayne Holdsworth
| 0 |
10,023,347 |
# Waroch II
**Waroch** (*Gwereg*) was an early Breton ruler of the Vannetais (**Gwened**).
Waroch, or his grandfather Waroch I, gave his name to the traditional Breton province of Bro-Waroch (\"land of Waroch\"). However, it is possible that there were several successive local leaders with this name. He is called \"Waroch II\" to distinguish him from a hypothetical earlier ruler, Waroch I.
In 578, the Frankish king Chilperic I sent an army to fight Waroch along the Vilaine. The Frankish army consisted of units from Poitou, Touraine, Anjou, Maine and Bayeux. The *Baiocassenses* \"men from Bayeux\" were Saxons and they in particular were routed by the Bretons. The armies fought for three days before Waroch submitted, did homage for Vannes, sent his son as a hostage, and agreed to pay an annual tribute. He subsequently broke his oath, but Chilperic\'s dominion over the Bretons was relatively secure as evidenced by Venantius Fortunatus\' celebration of it in a poem.
In 587, Guntram compelled obedience from Waroch. He forced the renewal of the oath of 578 in writing and demanded 1,000 *solidi* in compensation for raiding the Nantais. In 588 the compensation was not yet paid as Waroch promised it to both Guntram and Chlothar II, who probably had suzerainty over Vannes.
In 589 or 590, Guntram sent an expedition against Waroch under Beppolem and Ebrachain, mutual enemies. Ebrachain was also the enemy of Fredegund, queen consort to Chilperic, who sent the Saxons of Bayeux to aid Waroch. Beppolem fought alone for three days before dying, at which point Waroch tried to flee to the Channel Islands, but Ebrachain destroyed his ships and forced him to accept a peace, the renewal of the oath, and the giving up of a nephew as a hostage. This was all to no effect. The Bretons maintained their independent-mindedness
| 303 |
Waroch II
| 0 |
10,023,369 |
# The Future of the Race
***The Future of the Race*** is a 1996 book by prominent African-American scholars Henry Louis Gates and Cornel West. It is both commentary and criticism on W. E. B. Du Bois\' essay \"The Talented Tenth\" . The Vintage Books edition includes the original text by Du Bois
| 53 |
The Future of the Race
| 0 |
10,023,387 |
# South Korea Davis Cup team
The **South Korea men\'s national tennis team** represents South Korea in Davis Cup tennis competition and are governed by the [Korea Tennis Association](https://www.kortennis.or.kr/).
In 2020, South Korea will compete in World Group I.
## Current team (March 2020) {#current_team_march_2020}
2020 Davis Cup qualifying round against Italy:
- Lee Duck-hee
- Nam Ji Sung
- Chung Yun-seong
- Song Min-kyu
## History
South Korea competed in its first Davis Cup in 1960
| 77 |
South Korea Davis Cup team
| 0 |
10,023,412 |
# David Freedman (cricketer)
**David Andrew Freedman** (born 19 June 1964) was an Australian first-class cricketer who played for the New South Wales. He represented an Australia \'A\' side in 1992--93.
Freedman was a left arm leg-spinbowler and played in two Sheffield Shield Final teams for NSW. He once took a match haul of 11/93 against the West Indies in 1995--96
| 61 |
David Freedman (cricketer)
| 0 |
10,023,433 |
# Present value of benefits
**Present value of benefits** (**PVB**) is a term used in cost-benefit analysis and project appraisal that refers to the discounted sum, or present value, of a stream of benefits associated with a project or proposal
| 40 |
Present value of benefits
| 0 |
10,023,440 |
# John Blue (ice hockey)
**John Thomas Blue** (born February 19, 1966) is an American former ice hockey goaltender. He played 46 games in the National Hockey League with the Boston Bruins and Buffalo Sabres between 1992 and 1996. The majority of his career, which lasted from 1987 to 1995, was spent in various minor leagues. Internationally Blue was part of the American national team at the 1988 Winter Olympics, but he did not play. He also was part of the American team at three World Championships, though only played one game, in the 1990 and 1997 tournaments.
## Playing career {#playing_career}
Blue was the starting goaltender for each of his three seasons on the University of Minnesota hockey team (1984--87). He was named a WCHA First Team All-Star in 1986 and won 64 games during his Gopher career, the fourth highest win total in team history.
During the 1983--84 season he played in the USHL for the Des Moines Buccaneers. He was drafted in the tenth round, 197th overall, by the Winnipeg Jets in the 1986 NHL Entry Draft. Blue made his NHL debut on January 7, 1993 against the Quebec Nordiques. He played in the National Hockey League for the Boston Bruins and Buffalo Sabres and was the first Californian goaltender in the history of the National Hockey League.
## International play {#international_play}
He was a backup goalie for the American national team at the 1988 Winter Olympics, but did not play any games. Blue was also part of the American team at the 1990 and 1992 World Championships, only played 5 games in 1990. Named to the national team once more for the 1997 World Championships, he played in one game.
## Personal life {#personal_life}
Blue was born in Huntington Beach, California, then left for Spokane, Washington at age 5. He began ice skating in Spokane, then after his family moved to San Jose, he became youth goaltender for the Santa Clara Blackhawks in Northern California.
Throughout his career, he called Huntington Beach his offseason home. He currently works as a pastor after having become deeply involved in religious studies during his playing days.
## Career statistics {#career_statistics}
### Regular season and playoffs {#regular_season_and_playoffs}
Regular season
------------ ------------------------- -------- ---- ----------------
Season Team League GP W
1983--84 Des Moines Buccaneers USHL 15 ---
1984--85 University of Minnesota WCHA 34 23
1985--86 University of Minnesota WCHA 29 20
1986--87 University of Minnesota WCHA 33 21
1987--88 United States Intl 13 3
1987--88 Kalamazoo Wings IHL 15 3
1988--89 Kalamazoo Wings IHL 17 8
1988--89 Virginia Lancers ECHL 10 ---
1989--90 Phoenix Roadrunners IHL 19 5
1989--90 Knoxville Cherokees ECHL 19 6
1989--90 Kalamazoo Wings IHL 4 2
1990--91 Maine Mariners AHL 10 3
1990--91 Albany Choppers IHL 19 11
1990--91 Kalamazoo Wings IHL 1 1
1990--91 Peoria Rivermen IHL 4 4
1990--91 Knoxville Cherokees ECHL 3 1
1991--92 Maine Mariners AHL 43 11
1992--93 Boston Bruins NHL 23 9
1992--93 Providence Bruins AHL 19 14
1993--94 Boston Bruins NHL 18 5
1993--94 Providence Bruins AHL 24 7
1994--95 Providence Bruins AHL 10 6
1995--96 Buffalo Sabres NHL 5 2
1995--96 Phoenix Roadrunners IHL 8 1
1995--96 Fort Wayne Komets IHL 5 1
1995--96 Rochester Americans AHL 14 4
1996--97 Austin Ice Bats WPHL 33 17
NHL totals 46 16
### International
Year Team Event GP W L T MIN GA SO GAA SV%
--------------- --------------- ------- --- ---- --- --- ----- ----- ---- ------ ------ -----
1990 United States WC 5 2 2 0 204 17 0 4.99 ---
1997 United States WC 1 1 0 0 60 1 0 1.00 .958
Senior totals 6 3 2 0 264 18 0 4
| 614 |
John Blue (ice hockey)
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10,023,443 |
# North Macedonia Davis Cup team
The **North Macedonia men\'s national tennis team** represents North Macedonia in Davis Cup tennis competitions. It is governed by the Macedonian Tennis Federation. Its previous official appellation used by the International Tennis Federation was \"FYR Macedonia\".
North Macedonia currently competes in the third group of Europe Zone.
## History
North Macedonia competed in its first Davis Cup in 1995. Macedonian players previously represented Yugoslavia
| 70 |
North Macedonia Davis Cup team
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10,023,449 |
# Jody Campbell
**Jodocus \"Jody\" David Campbell** (born March 4, 1960, in Bellflower, California) is a former water polo player who won silver medals for the United States at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California, and the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea. He is a graduate of Stanford University. In 1994, he was inducted into the USA Water Polo Hall of Fame
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Jody Campbell
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