id
int64 1
18.4k
| date
stringdate 1947-01-01 00:00:00
2025-01-01 00:00:00
| bias_type
stringclasses 11
values | normative_framing
stringclasses 3
values | source
stringlengths 15
164
| policy
stringlengths 14
2.69k
| bias_type_merged
stringclasses 3
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
7,601 | 1961 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | demonstrating the enormous capacity the poor have to work and save their way out of poverty | group_2 |
7,602 | 2008 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | dental disease is a chronic problem among many low-income and other vulnerable populations | group_2 |
7,603 | 1965 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | develop a community planning process that includes public and private nonprofit organizations that provide education, child protective services or other human services to low-income, at-risk children and their families | group_2 |
7,604 | 2007 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | develop or strengthen the coordination of services to allow all individuals, including uninsured and low-income individuals, to receive efficient and higher quality care | group_2 |
7,605 | 1997 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | do not have a school breakfast program available to a large number of low-income children in the State | group_2 |
7,606 | 2018 | economic | implicit | BillSum Dataset | Each AFTRR member has ``bridging the digital divide'' at the core of their respective missions | group_2 |
7,607 | 2003 | economic | implicit | BillSum Dataset | each project carried out under the Compact will contribute to reducing poverty through sustainable, broad-based economic growth, including by governance, promoting economic opportunities, and investing in people | group_2 |
7,608 | 2008 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | ensure that minority and low-income communities have access to public information relating to human health and environmental planning, regulations and enforcement | group_2 |
7,609 | 2008 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | ensure that no minority or low-income population is forced to shoulder a disproportionate burden of the negative human health and environmental impacts of pollution or other environmental hazard | group_2 |
7,610 | 1998 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | ensure that participation in such a voluntary public and private parental choice program is limited to families whose family income does not exceed 185 percent of the poverty line | group_2 |
7,611 | 1995 | economic | implicit | BillSum Dataset | except for such amounts as the State deems necessary to set aside in a separate account to provide, without fiscal limitation, for unexpected levels of assistance during periods of high unemployment | group_2 |
7,612 | 2014 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | expanding the use of open educational resources could significantly lower college textbook costs and reduce financial barriers to higher education | group_2 |
7,613 | 2007 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | families or communities of some gifted students can provide private programs and services with appropriately trained staff to supplement public educational offerings, most high-ability students, especially those from inner cities, rural communities, or low-income families, must rely on the services and personnel provided by public schools | group_2 |
7,614 | 2000 | economic | implicit | BillSum Dataset | Federal Government-wide effort to bridge the digital divide and bring the promise of the Information Age to all members of the public | group_2 |
7,615 | 2007 | economic | implicit | BillSum Dataset | For low-income families who may need to rely on government assistance in the face of an emergency, saving is actively discouraged by asset limit policies | group_2 |
7,616 | 1998 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | for providing medical assistance under title XIX to individuals who have not attained age 19 and whose family income exceeds the minimum income eligibility level the State is required to establish under section 1902(l) but does not exceed 200 percent of the poverty line | group_2 |
7,617 | 2005 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | High poverty rates coupled with barriers to health preventive services and medical care contribute to racial and ethnic disparities in health factors | group_2 |
7,618 | 1965 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | High school students living in low-income families drop out of school at 6 times the rate of their peers from high-income families | group_2 |
7,619 | 2007 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | identifies a community whose geographical area has a high or increasing percentage of individuals who are uninsured or low-income | group_2 |
7,620 | 2002 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | identifies and addresses disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental effects of its programs, policies, and activities on minority populations and low-income populations | group_2 |
7,621 | 2008 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | identify efforts to cost-effectively prevent and manage dental disease in low-income and high-risk populations | group_2 |
7,622 | 2013 | economic | implicit | BillSum Dataset | implementing pilot projects that test solutions that will help prevent or alleviate housing discrimination and segregation | group_2 |
7,623 | 2017 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | improve the economy of the community without displacing residents that reside in the community | group_2 |
7,624 | 2007 | economic | implicit | BillSum Dataset | improved the effectiveness, efficiency, and coordination of services for uninsured and low-income individuals in the community | group_2 |
7,625 | 2017 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | in the case of a building containing units which are designated to serve extremely low-income households | group_2 |
7,626 | 2001 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | "in the case of preschool and school-age children, target low-income areas where children's enrollment and attendance in school is low or girls' enrollment and participation in preschool or school is particularly low | group_2 |
7,627 | 1998 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | includes 1 or more private schools to allow low-income parents to choose the appropriate school for their children | group_2 |
7,628 | 1986 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | increase the rate of home ownership and make rental housing affordable for low-income families and individuals | group_2 |
7,629 | 2002 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | increasing access to affordable health insurance for low-income workers | group_2 |
7,630 | 1960 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | Infectious diseases disproportionately impact populations in low-income nations across Latin America | group_2 |
7,631 | 2011 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | legal reforms that seek to enhance the rights and access to shelter, urban infrastructure and services, and property ownership and lease rights of groups that are socioeconomically vulnerable or marginalized, or subject to discrimination, including women, children, the poor, and people living in urban slums and informal settlements | group_2 |
7,632 | 2000 | economic | implicit | BillSum Dataset | long-term impact of the current projections of insolvency and of alternative reform proposals upon workforce participation, poverty among the elderly, national savings levels, and other issues identified by the Panel | group_2 |
7,633 | 2015 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | low- and very low-income persons, especially recipients of government assistance for housing, often face barriers to access training, employment, and contracting opportunities resulting from the expenditure of Federal funds in their communities | group_2 |
7,634 | 2000 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | Low-income and first-generation families often overestimate the cost of tuition and underestimate available aid; students from these backgrounds have access to fewer college application resources and financial aid resources than other groups | group_2 |
7,635 | 2007 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | Low-income families who rely on public assistance are less likely to use a formal financial institution, in part out of fear that any account balance will be penalized by a reduction in benefits | group_2 |
7,636 | 2005 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | low-income individuals, unemployed individuals, and other subpopulations identified by the Secretary as being likely to experience special risks from hunger or a special need for job training | group_2 |
7,637 | 2007 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | low-level lead poisoning is widespread among children in the United States, afflicting hundreds of thousands of children under age 6, with minority and low-income communities affected disproportionately | group_2 |
7,638 | 2000 | economic | implicit | BillSum Dataset | made available for the benefit of rural and urban areas, and Native Americans, in a manner that targets such assistance for areas, communities, and populations (including low-income families and individuals) that are underserved with respect to information technology needs, employment, and education | group_2 |
7,639 | 2003 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | making a significant difference in the performance of low-income and other children who attend these schools | group_2 |
7,640 | 2010 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | "Many low-income workers, older Americans, and people with disabilities depend on transit service to get to jobs and health care | group_2 |
7,641 | 2017 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | may be used to make loans to, and invest in, businesses, organizations, or public-private partnerships located in the eligible low-income community | group_2 |
7,642 | 1999 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | may make grants to public and nonprofit private entities for the purpose of carrying out projects to provide for individuals in low-income communities | group_2 |
7,643 | 1986 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | may not exclude a household from eligibility for a fiscal year solely on the basis of household income if such income is less than 110 percent of the poverty level for such State | group_2 |
7,644 | 2017 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | may not select more than 3 eligible low-income communities located in the same State to receive grants | group_2 |
7,645 | 1994 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | may provide development assistance only for projects and activities that focus on alleviating poverty and promoting economic development | group_2 |
7,646 | 1995 | economic | implicit | BillSum Dataset | measures of hardship, including lack of medical insurance and difficulty purchasing food | group_2 |
7,647 | 1965 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | narrowing the achievement gap between the students in the State who are economically disadvantaged and the students in the State who are not economically disadvantaged | group_2 |
7,648 | 1986 | economic | implicit | BillSum Dataset | Not less than an amount equal to each State's allocable share of the increase in the State ceiling under subparagraph (A) shall be allocated solely for the purpose of a qualified mortgage issue | group_2 |
7,649 | 1998 | economic | implicit | BillSum Dataset | to promote the economic and social development of the communities, including minority communities, of those individuals in accordance with the goals and values of the communities described in this paragraph | group_2 |
7,650 | 2015 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | offer an effective means of empowering low- and very low-income persons and local businesses that provide training and job opportunities for such persons | group_2 |
7,651 | 2003 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | One in five children from low-income families receives care through health centers | group_2 |
7,652 | 2000 | economic | implicit | BillSum Dataset | Panel made several other recommendations that are worthy of consideration, involving issues that include, but are not limited to, workforce participation, poverty rates among the elderly, and assumptions regarding equity investment returns | group_2 |
7,653 | 1993 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | Participating communities that have the highest concentrations of poverty, as determined by the Secretary based on the latest Bureau of the Census estimates, shall be eligible to apply for a Job and Life Skills Improvement grant | group_2 |
7,654 | 2010 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | poverty and inequality remain persistent problems in the Americas, spawning street crime, criminal cartels, and undermining the authority of government institutions | group_2 |
7,655 | 2003 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | Prekindergarten programs make a significant difference in the lives of children from low-income families | group_2 |
7,656 | 1967 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | proposed groundbreaking legislation for consumer protection and against housing discrimination and air pollution | group_2 |
7,657 | 2016 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | provide grants for projects to improve air quality in low-income communities | group_2 |
7,658 | 2006 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | provide outreach, education, and delivery of comprehensive health services to uninsured and low-income individuals in a culturally competent manner | group_2 |
7,659 | 1993 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | providing comprehensive services to youth and young adults living in high poverty areas in the cities and rural areas of the United States | group_2 |
7,660 | 2015 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | providing jobs for low- and very low-income persons, meeting unmet training and job readiness needs in the community, enabling low- and very low-income persons to hold a steady job | group_2 |
7,661 | 2007 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | providing temporary Federal assistance to low-income individual homeowners whose catastrophe insurance rates have increased beyond a certain level after a major disaster | group_2 |
7,662 | 2006 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | recommend changes to the current legal and regulatory framework to prohibit lending practices that have contributed to the mortgage lending crisis | group_2 |
7,663 | 2002 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | reduce costs for those who bear the burden of uncompensated care | group_2 |
7,664 | 2006 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | represent medically underserved areas or populations with a large number of uninsured and low-income individuals | group_2 |
7,665 | 1986 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | require the increase in credit under this subparagraph in order for such building to be financially feasible as part of a qualified low-income housing project | group_2 |
7,666 | 2002 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | schools in rural areas and high poverty schools have trouble attracting and retaining such teachers | group_2 |
7,667 | 2000 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | secondary school counselors at low-income schools believe that students and parents are discouraged from considering college as an option due to lack of knowledge about financial aid | group_2 |
7,668 | 2007 | economic | implicit | BillSum Dataset | serves a community in which the rates of food insecurity, hunger, poverty, or unemployment are demonstrably higher than national average rates | group_2 |
7,669 | 2008 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | "service projects related to energy and resource conservation and rural development including, but not limited to conducting energy assessments and providing and implementing solutions for low-income homeowners and communities | group_2 |
7,670 | 1965 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | serving first children from low-income families | group_2 |
7,671 | 1994 | economic | implicit | BillSum Dataset | set aside a reasonable amount of assistance in other programs under this title if he/she deems necessary to provide for underserved housing | group_2 |
7,672 | 2017 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | shall apply with respect to a partner community development financial institution that is specified in the application of an eligible low-income community | group_2 |
7,673 | 2009 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | shall be used to provide services that assist low-income or dislocated workers to start businesses in the fields of energy efficiency | group_2 |
7,674 | 2008 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | shall be used by a recipient to provide no-cost, culturally and linguistically appropriate lead-based paint training and certification opportunities for low-income workers | group_2 |
7,675 | 2017 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | shall be used for public infrastructure improvement projects in the eligible low-income community | group_2 |
7,676 | 2017 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | shall establish and administer a grant program to provide grants to eligible low-income communities for community development | group_2 |
7,677 | 1994 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | shall give preference to any project located in a county or community that has, at the time of designation and as determined by the Secretary 20 percent or more of its population at or below poverty level | group_2 |
7,678 | 1998 | economic | implicit | BillSum Dataset | shall give priority consideration to eligible entities that serve dislocated workers or workers who are threatened with becoming totally or partially separated from employment | group_2 |
7,679 | 1997 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | shall give priority in awarding grants under this Act to partnerships serving areas with concentrations of poverty, including urban and rural areas | group_2 |
7,680 | 2018 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | shall give priority to a project in an area with an unemployment rate that exceeds the national average | group_2 |
7,681 | 2017 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | shall give priority to an eligible low-income community that is experiencing a high poverty rate | group_2 |
7,682 | 2007 | economic | implicit | BillSum Dataset | shall give priority to eligible entities that serve communities in which the rates of food insecurity, hunger, poverty, or unemployment are demonstrably higher than national average rates | group_2 |
7,683 | 2012 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | shall guarantee child care assistance for a family with a dependent child requiring such care, if the total income of the family does not exceed 200 percent of the poverty line | group_2 |
7,684 | 2017 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | shall include a description of how the eligible low-income community has experienced concentrated poverty | group_2 |
7,685 | 2002 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | "shall include analysis of the effects of such action on human health and any economic and social effects on minority communities and low-income communities | group_2 |
7,686 | 2010 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | shall provide increased and sustained assistance to build civilian institutions that will help reduce poverty, expand the middle class, and foster increased economic opportunity | group_2 |
7,687 | 1999 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | shall provide for making medical assistance with respect to medicare cost-sharing covered under the State plan available to a low-income individual on the date the low-income individual becomes entitled to benefits | group_2 |
7,688 | 2002 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | shall provide minority populations and low-income populations the opportunity to participate in the development, design, and conduct of activities undertaken pursuant to this section | group_2 |
7,689 | 2007 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | shall separate such extremely low-income individuals and families into those individuals and families who were assisted by funds set aside specifically for such individuals and families | group_2 |
7,690 | 1994 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | shall transfer responsibility for administering all development assistance programs that have an objective other than alleviating poverty and promoting economic development | group_2 |
7,691 | 2017 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | shortage of rental homes that are affordable for extremely low-income households to be the principal cause of homelessness | group_2 |
7,692 | 2013 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | studies that examine the incidences, causes, and effects of housing discrimination and segregation on veterans and military personnel | group_2 |
7,693 | 1999 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | such forms as are necessary for an application to be made on behalf of a low-income individual for medical assistance for medical cost-sharing | group_2 |
7,694 | 2017 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | such funds may only be used to fund job training programs that serve residents of such eligible low-income community | group_2 |
7,695 | 1965 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | support the participation of low-income parents in postsecondary education through the provision of campus-based child care services | group_2 |
7,696 | 1993 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | Taking family or medical leave often drives employees earning low wages into poverty | group_2 |
7,697 | 2009 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | taking into consideration the targeted population of the eligible entity's incentive program, such as general households, low-income households, or first-time homeowners, and the probable effectiveness of the incentive program for that population | group_2 |
7,698 | 1997 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | that is authorized to engage in or assist in the development or operation of low-income housing for Native Hawaiians | group_2 |
7,699 | 1990 | economic | implicit | BillSum Dataset | that respond to the needs of their people, reduce widespread poverty and conduct themselves responsibly | group_2 |
7,700 | 2017 | economic | explicit | BillSum Dataset | the Secretary shall select 30 eligible low-income communities to receive grants under section 3 | group_2 |
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