id
int64
1
18.4k
date
stringdate
1947-01-01 00:00:00
2025-01-01 00:00:00
bias_type
stringclasses
11 values
normative_framing
stringclasses
3 values
source
stringlengths
15
164
policy
stringlengths
14
2.69k
bias_type_merged
stringclasses
3 values
9,401
1964
economic
implicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
The elimination of these deductions would impose great hardship upon millions of our citizens and discourage the growth of some of the finest organizations in America.
group_2
9,402
1964
political
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
Some leading Democrats have even campaigned politically in favor of such tax credits while voting against them in Congress.
group_1
9,403
1964
political
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
These we urge to recapture initiative for freedom at home and abroad and to rebuild our strength at home.
group_1
9,404
1964
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
For instance, we pledge:?enlargement of employment opportunities for urban and rural citizens, with emphasis on training programs to equip them with needed skills;
group_2
9,405
1964
age
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
?full coverage of all medical and hospital costs for the needy elderly people, financed by general revenues through broader implementation of Federal-State plans, rather than the compulsory Democratic scheme covering only a small percentage of such costs, for everyone regardless of need;
group_2
9,406
1964
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
In furtherance of our faith in the individual, we also pledge prudent, responsible management of the government's fiscal affairs to protect the individual against the evils of spendthrift government?protecting most of all the needy and fixed-income families against the cruelest tax, inflation?and protecting every citizen against the high taxes forced by excessive spending, in order that each individual may keep more of his earnings for his own and his family's use.
group_2
9,407
1964
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
?improvement, and full and fair enforcement, of the anti-trust statutes, coupled with long-overdue clarification of Federal policies and interpretations relating thereto in order to strengthen competition and protect the consumer and small business;
group_2
9,408
1964
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
In furtherance of our faith in the competitive system, we also pledge:?a continual re-examination and reduction of government competition with private business, consistent with the recommendations of the second Hoover Commission;
group_2
9,409
1964
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
For instance, we pledge:?restoration of collective bargaining responsibility to labor and management, minimizing third party intervention and preventing any agency of government from becoming an advocate for any private economic interest;
group_2
9,410
1964
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
?development of truly voluntary commodity programs for commercial agriculture, including payments in kind out of government-owned surpluses, diversion of unneeded land to conservation uses, price supports free of political manipulation in order to stimulate and attain fair market prices, together with adequate credit facilities and continued support of farm-owned and operated cooperatives including rural electric and telephone facilities, while resisting all efforts to make the farmer dependent, for his economic survival, upon either compensatory payments by the Federal Government or upon the whim of the Secretary of Agriculture;
group_2
9,411
1964
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
?comprehensive water-resource planning and development, including projects for our growing cities, expanded research in desalinization of water, and continued support of multi-purpose reclamation projects;
group_2
9,412
1964
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
?continued tax support to encourage exploration and development of domestic sources of minerals and metals, with reasonable depletion allowances;
group_2
9,413
1964
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
?complete reform of the tax structure, to include simplification as well as lower rates to strengthen individual and business incentives;
group_2
9,414
1964
political
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
we will support its efforts to regain the independence of its homeland;
group_1
9,415
1964
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
13. Freedom's wealth must never support freedom's decline, always its growth.
group_2
9,416
1964
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We favor the establishment in underdeveloped nations of an economic and political climate that will encourage the investment of local capital and attract the investment of foreign capital.
group_2
9,417
1968
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
Vigorous federal support to innovative state programs, using new policy techniques such as urban development corporations, to help rebuild our cities;
group_2
9,418
1968
economic
implicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
Skyrocketing building costs and interest rates have crippled home building and threaten a housing crisis in the nation, endangering the prospect of a decent home and a suitable living environment for every family.
group_2
9,419
1968
no_bias
no_bias
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
Our metropolitan transportation systems?the lifelines of our cities?have become tangled webs of congestion which not only create vast citizen inconvenience, discontent and economic inefficiency, but also tend to barricade inner city people against job opportunities in suburban areas.
no_bias
9,420
1968
criminal_justice
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We pledge vigorous and even-handed administration of justice and enforcement of the law.
group_1
9,421
1968
political
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We call on public officials at the federal, state and local levels to enforce our laws with firmness and fairness.
group_1
9,422
1968
criminal_justice
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
while demanding protection of the public peace and safety, we pledge a relentless attack on economic and social injustice in every form.
group_1
9,423
1968
criminal_justice
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
The present Administration has:Ignored the danger signals of our rising crime rates until very recently and even now has proposed only narrow measures hopelessly inadequate to the need;
group_1
9,424
1968
criminal_justice
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
For the future, we pledge an all-out, federal-state-local crusade against crime, including:Leadership by an Attorney General who will restore stature and respect to that office;
group_1
9,425
1968
criminal_justice
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
Continued support of legislation to strengthen state and local law enforcement and preserve the primacy of state responsibility in this area;
group_1
9,426
1968
criminal_justice
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
Full support of the F.B.I. and all law enforcement agencies of the federal government;
group_1
9,427
1968
education
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
Young people need expansion of post high school technical institutes to enable them to acquire satisfactory skills for meaningful employment.
group_1
9,428
1968
disability
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
To qualify for jobs with permanence and promise, many disadvantaged citizens need special assistance and job training.
group_1
9,429
1968
no_bias
no_bias
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
There are some 70 federally funded job training programs, with some cities having as many as 30 operating side by side.
no_bias
9,430
1968
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
Welfare and poverty programs will be drastically revised to liberate the poor from the debilitating dependence which erodes self-respect and discourages family unity and responsibility.
group_2
9,431
1968
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We will modify the rigid welfare requirements that stifle work motivation and support locally operated children's day care centers to free the parents to accept work.
group_2
9,432
1968
racial_cultural
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
This nation must not blink the harsh fact?or the special demands it places upon us?that the incidence of poverty is consistently greater among Negroes, Mexican-Americans, Indians and other minority groupings than in the population generally.
group_2
9,433
1968
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We favor efforts to enable residents of such areas to become owners and managers of businesses and, through such agencies as a Domestic Development Bank, to exercise economic leadership in their communities.
group_2
9,434
1968
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
Additionally, we support action by states, with federal re-insurance, to help provide insurance coverage for homes and small businesses against damage and fire caused by riots.
group_2
9,435
1968
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We favor maximum reliance on community leaders utilizing the regular channels of government to provide needed public services.
group_2
9,436
1968
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We pledge a unified federal food distribution program, as well as active cooperation with the states and innovative private enterprise, to help provide the hungry poor sufficient food for a balanced diet.
group_2
9,437
1968
disability
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We pledge to encourage the broadening of private health insurance plans, many of which cover hospital care only, and to review the operation of government hospital care programs in order to encourage more patients to utilize non-hospital facilities.
group_1
9,438
1968
disability
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
Expansion of the number of doctors, nurses, and supporting staff to relieve shortages and spread the availability of health care services will have our support.
group_1
9,439
1968
disability
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
New diagnostic methods and also preventive care to assure early detection of physical impairments, thus fostering good health and avoiding illnesses requiring hospitalization, will have our support.
group_1
9,440
1968
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We will strengthen the Social Security system and provide automatic cost of living adjustments under Social Security and the Railroad Retirement Act.
group_2
9,441
1968
disability
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We pledge a rehabilitation allowance for paraplegics to afford them the means to live outside a hospital environment.
group_1
9,442
1968
disability
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
Adequate medical and hospital care will be maintained for all veterans with service-connected disabilities and veterans in need, and timely revisions of compensation programs will be enacted for service-connected death and disability to help assure an adequate standard of living for all disabled veterans and their survivors.
group_1
9,443
1968
political
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We will see that every veteran is accorded the right to be interred in a national cemetery as near as possible to his home, and we pledge to maintain all veterans' programs in an independent Veterans Administration.
group_1
9,444
1968
political
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We specifically favor representation in Congress for the District of Columbia.
group_1
9,445
1968
political
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We will support the efforts of the Puerto Rican people to achieve statehood when they freely request such status by a general election, and we share the hopes and aspirations of the people of the Virgin Islands who will be closely consulted on proposed gubernatorial appointments.
group_1
9,446
1968
political
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We favor a new Election Reform Act that will apply clear, reasonable restraints to political spending and fund-raising, whether by business, labor or individuals, ensure timely publication of the financial facts in campaigns, and provide a tax deduction for small contributions.
group_1
9,447
1968
no_bias
no_bias
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We pledge full consideration of the Commission's recommendations for improvements in the nation's postal service.
no_bias
9,448
1968
criminal_justice
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We advocate application of the highest standards in making appointments to the courts, and we pledge a determined effort to rebuild and enhance public respect for the Supreme Court and all other courts in the United States.
group_1
9,449
1968
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
Crippling interest rates, some the highest in a century, prevent millions of Americans from buying homes and small businessmen, farmers and other citizens from obtaining the loans they need.
group_2
9,450
1968
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We support an equitable minimum wage for American workers?one providing fair wages without unduly increasing unemployment among those on the lowest rung of the economic ladder?and will improve the Fair Labor Standards Act, with its important protections for employees.
group_2
9,451
1968
economic
implicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
Without adequate net income to pay off indebtedness, the farm owner has no choice but to liquidate some of his equity or go out of business.
group_2
9,452
1968
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
To promote the development of American agriculture, we pledge:Farm policies and programs which will enable producers to receive fair prices in relation to the prices they must pay for other products;
group_2
9,453
1968
economic
implicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
Sympathetic consideration of proposals to encourage farmers, especially small producers, to develop their bargaining position;
group_2
9,454
1968
no_bias
no_bias
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We pledge a reversal of present policies and the adoption of a progressive national fisheries policy, which will make it possible for the first time to utilize fully the vast ocean reservoir of protein.
no_bias
9,455
1968
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We pledge a more energetic control of pollution, encouragement of an increase in fishery resources, and will also press for international agreements assuring multi-national conservation.
group_2
9,456
1968
racial_cultural
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
The principles of the 1965 Immigration Act?non-Racial/Cultural against national origins, reunification of families, and selective support for the American labor market?have our unreserved backing,
group_2
9,457
1968
political
implicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We propose to do this, not by peremptory efforts to limit American travel abroad or by self-defeating restraints on overseas investments, but by restraint in Federal spending and realistic monetary policies, by adjusting overseas commitments, by stimulating exports, by encouraging more foreign travel to the United States and, as specific conditions require, by extending tax treatment to our own exports and imports comparable to such treatment applied by foreign countries.
group_1
9,458
1968
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
An equitable tax write-off is necessary to strengthen our industrial competitiveness in the world.
group_2
9,459
1968
political
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
To replace the ancient rivalries of this region with new hope and opportunity, we vigorously support a well conceived plan of regional development, including the bold nuclear desalinization and irrigation proposal of former President Eisenhower.
group_1
9,460
1968
political
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
Not only has the Administration failed to encourage assumption of responsibility by the Vietnamese, but their sense of responsibility has been in fact undermined by our approach to pacification.
group_1
9,461
1972
political
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
Once this is done and judgment rendered on election day, we will confidently carry forward the task of doing for America what her people need and want and deserve.
group_1
9,462
1972
political
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
In only four years we have fashioned foreign policies based on a new spirit of effective negotiation with our adversaries, and a new sense of real partnership with our allies.
group_1
9,463
1972
no_bias
no_bias
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
Yet our President has gone there to open a candid airing of differences so that they will not lead some day to war.
no_bias
9,464
1972
no_bias
no_bias
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
A new spirit of partnership shows results in our NATO partners' expenditures for the common defense?up by some $2 billion in two years.
no_bias
9,465
1972
political
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
To ban nuclear weapons from the world's sea-beds.
group_1
9,466
1972
political
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We pledge that, under Republican leadership, the United States will remain a leader in international affairs.
group_1
9,467
1972
political
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We will strengthen our relationships with our allies, recognizing them as full-fledged partners in securing the peace and promoting the common well being.
group_1
9,468
1972
political
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
Especially important is continued negotiation to maintain the momentum established by the Strategic Arms Limitation agreements to limit offensive and defensive nuclear weapons systems and further to reduce the danger of nuclear conflict.
group_1
9,469
1972
political
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We take specific note of the remaining major obstacle to settlement?Hanoi's demand that the United States overthrow the Saigon government and impose a Communist-dominated government on the South Vietnamese.
group_1
9,470
1972
criminal_justice
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We pledge that upon repatriation our returned prisoners will be received in a manner befitting their valor and sacrifice.
group_1
9,471
1972
criminal_justice
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We applaud the Administration's program to assure each returned prisoner the finest medical care, personal counseling, social services and career orientation.
group_1
9,472
1972
no_bias
no_bias
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
The reforms proposed by the President have been approved only in part.
no_bias
9,473
1972
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We call for further reforms to make our aid more effective and protect the taxpayer's interests.
group_2
9,474
1972
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We support a more equitable sharing of the costs of international organizations and have serious concerns over the delinquency of many UN members in meeting their financial obligations.
group_2
9,475
1972
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We support programs of economic assistance to Israel pursued by President Nixon that have helped her achieve a nine-per cent annual economic growth rate.
group_2
9,476
1972
political
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
Only a strong America can safely negotiate with adversaries.
group_1
9,477
1972
political
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
Only a strong America can fashion partnerships for peace.
group_1
9,478
1972
no_bias
no_bias
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
The development of new types of tactical aircraft such as the F-155, a lightweight fighter, and a fighter plane for close support of ground troops;
no_bias
9,479
1972
no_bias
no_bias
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We draw a sharp distinction between prudent reductions in defense spending and the meat-ax slashes with which some Americans are now beguiled by the political opposition.
no_bias
9,480
1972
no_bias
no_bias
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We pledge to press on toward a lasting peace.
no_bias
9,481
1972
political
implicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
The Selective Service System was inequitable in operation, and its rules caused prolonged uncertainty for young men awaiting call.
group_1
9,482
1972
no_bias
no_bias
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
Today draftees are called by random selection of the youngest first, so that the maximum length of vulnerability is no longer seven years but one year only.
no_bias
9,483
1972
racial_cultural
implicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
Major strides have been made toward wiping out the last vestiges of racial Racial/Cultural.
group_2
9,484
1972
political
implicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We regard these tasks as never completed, but we are well on the way and pledge ourselves to press forward assuring all men and women in the armed forces rewarding careers.
group_1
9,485
1972
no_bias
no_bias
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
The 1973 defense budget imposes the smallest economic burden on the country of any defense budget in more than 20 years, consuming only 6.4 per cent of the estimated Gross National Product.
no_bias
9,486
1972
political
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We are proud of the men and women who wear our country's uniform, especially of those who have borne the burden of fighting a difficult and unpopular war.
group_1
9,487
1972
political
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
In carrying out our defense policies, we pledge to maintain at all times the level of military strength required to deter conflict, to honor our commitments to our allies, and to protect our people and vital interests against all foreign threats.
group_1
9,488
1972
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We will continue to pursue sound economic policies that will eliminate inflation, further cut unemployment, raise real incomes, and strengthen our international economic position.
group_2
9,489
1972
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We have already removed some temporary controls on wages and prices and will remove them all once the economic distortions spawned in the late 1960's are repaired.
group_2
9,490
1972
economic
implicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
and research and development will have our full support.
group_2
9,491
1972
disability
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
Additionally, we reaffirm our commitment to removing barriers to a full life for the mentally and physically handicapped, especially the barriers to rewarding employment.
group_1
9,492
1972
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We pledge to spread the tax burden equitably, to spend the Federal revenues prudently, to guard against waste in spending, to eliminate unnecessary programs, and to make sure that each dollar spent for essential government services buys a dollar's worth of value.
group_2
9,493
1972
no_bias
no_bias
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We pledge vigorous efforts to reform the Congressional budgeting process.
no_bias
9,494
1972
economic
implicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
The tax disadvantage of single taxpayers is sharply reduced and we urge further changes to assure full equality.
group_2
9,495
1972
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
This is sound tax reform, the kind that more equitably spreads the tax burden and avoids incentive-destroying tax levels which would cripple the economy and put people out of work.
group_2
9,496
1972
no_bias
no_bias
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
Only if the taxpayers' money is prudently managed can taxes be kept at reasonable levels.
no_bias
9,497
1972
no_bias
no_bias
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We urge the Congress to serve all Americans by cooperating with the President in his efforts to curb increases in Federal spending?increases which will ordain more taxes or more inflation.
no_bias
9,498
1972
no_bias
no_bias
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
We pledge to continue our efforts to purge the Government of these wasteful activities.
no_bias
9,499
1972
economic
explicit
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
During the next session of Congress we pledge:To pursue such policies as Revenue Sharing that will allow property tax relief;
group_2
9,500
1972
no_bias
no_bias
comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets
Within the last year we achieved the Smithsonian Agreements which re-valued our currency, making our exports more competitive with those of our major trading partners, and we pledge continuing negotiations further to reform the international monetary system.
no_bias