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Season 3
|
On what holiday is Barney slapped for the third time?
|
How I Met Your Mother
| false | 1TV
|
[
5
] |
[
"Barney begins the season with the word, \"-dary!\"",
"Robin returns from a trip to Argentina with her new boyfriend, Gael (Enrique Iglesias), and Ted must adjust to life as just her friend, while watching Robin and Gael fawning over each other.",
"Marshall and Lily decide to move out on their own, falling in love with a place they cannot afford.",
"Robin learns of Lily's bad credit rating due to her compulsive shopping for designer brands, and forces Lily to tell Marshall.",
"Despite this, they are able to finally secure their dream apartment, only to discover it's in a bad location and more poorly constructed than they thought (the floor is tilted).",
"Barney is slapped for the third time on Thanksgiving, which Marshall dubs \"Slapsgiving.",
"\"Ted tells his children he met their mother through a story concerning her yellow umbrella.",
"He finds the umbrella at a club and takes it home after attending a St. Patrick's Day party where his future wife was, although they did not meet.",
"Ted attempts to woo Stella (Sarah Chalke), a dermatologist he sees to remove an embarrassing butterfly tattoo.",
"This culminates in a memorable \"two-minute date,\" which incorporates small talk, dinner, a movie, coffee, two cab rides, and a goodnight kiss, all within two minutes.",
"Robin sleeps with Barney after he comforts her following a break-up with a past Canadian love; Ted is infuriated, and decides to stop being friends with Barney.",
"Meanwhile, an unknown woman begins to sabotage Barney's attempts to hook up.",
"His saboteur is revealed to be Abby (Britney Spears), Stella's receptionist, with a vendetta against him for not calling her after they had sex.",
"In the season finale, Ted gets into a car accident and ends up in hospital, Subsequently Barney gets hit by a bus on the way to visit him and ends up receiving treatment in the same hospital.",
"Ted realizes Barney really cares about him and they renew their friendship.",
"It is revealed Barney has true feelings for Robin, while Ted proposes to Stella in an arcade."
] |
[
0
] |
History
|
In 1699, who attempted to encourage his countrymen to eat salads?
|
Salad
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
1
] |
[
"The Romans and ancient Greeks ate mixed greens with dressing.",
"In his 1699 book, \"Acetaria: A Discourse on Sallets\", John Evelyn attempted with little success to encourage his fellow Britons to eat fresh salad greens.",
"Mary, Queen of Scots, ate boiled celery root over greens covered with creamy mustard dressing, truffles, chervil, and slices of hard-boiled eggs.",
"The United States popularized mixed greens salads in the late 19th century; other regions of the world adopted them throughout the second half of the 20th century.",
"From Europe and the Americas to China, Japan, and Australia, salads are sold in supermarkets, at restaurants and at fast food chains.",
"In the US market, restaurants will often have a \"Salad Bar\" laid out with salad-making ingredients, which the customers will use to put together their salad."
] |
[
3
] |
In China
|
What meats are traditionally used to make Chuanr?
|
Kebab
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
2
] |
[
"Chuanr (), often referred to as \"chua'r\" in Pekingese and throughout the North, or kawap (كاۋاپ) in Uyghur, is a variation of kebab originating from the Uyghurs in the Western province of Xinjiang and a popular dish in Chinese Islamic cuisine.",
"The dish has since spread across the rest of the country and become a popular street food.",
"Although the most traditional form of chuanr uses lamb or mutton, other types of meat, such as chicken, beef, pork, and seafood, may be used as well.",
"Small pieces of meat are skewered and either roasted or deep-fried.",
"Common spices and condiments include cumin called \"ziran\", pepper, sesame, and sesame oil.",
"During Chinese New Year, it is common to find fruit kebabs candied and covered with a hard candy sugar coating.",
"At the famous Wángfǔjǐng in Beijing, it is very common to find many kinds of fruit kebabs of everything from bananas, strawberries, and seasonal Chinese fruits, as well as scorpions, squids, and various Japanese-flavored kebabs all year long."
] |
[
0
] |
Drawings and prints
|
Who donated a broad range of material to the Metropolitan Museum of Art including many prints by Albrecht Dürer?
|
Metropolitan Museum of Art
| false | 2TRAVEL
|
[
2
] |
[
"Though other departments contain significant numbers of drawings and prints, the Drawings and Prints department specifically concentrates on North American pieces and western European works produced after the Middle Ages.",
"The first Old Master drawings, comprising 670 sheets, were presented as a single group in 1880 by Cornelius Vanderbilt II and in effect launched the department, though it was not formally constituted as a department until later.",
"Other early donors to the department include Junius Spencer Morgan II who presented a broad range of material, but mainly dated from the sixteenth century, including 2 woodblocks and many prints by Albrecht Dürer in 1919.",
"Currently, the Drawings and Prints collection contains more than 17,000 drawings, 1.5 million prints, and twelve thousand illustrated books.",
"The great masters of European painting, who produced many more sketches and drawings than actual paintings, are extensively represented in the Drawing and Prints collection.",
"The department's holdings contain major drawings by Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, and Rembrandt, as well as prints and etchings by Van Dyck, Dürer, and Degas among many others."
] |
[
3
] |
Lyrics
|
What magazine does Jon Dolan write for?
|
Take Care (album)
| false | 0MUSIC
|
[
18
] |
[
"The album's subject matter expands on \"Thank Me Later\"s theme of ambivalence and conflicted feelings toward fame.",
"Drake's lyrics on \"Take Care\" address failed romances, missed connections, relationship with friends and family, maintaining balance with growing wealth and fame, concerns about leading a hollow life, the passage of young adulthood, and despondency.",
"The album's slower songs generally explore themes of loneliness, heartbreak, and mistrust.",
"The topic of women is prevalent on the album, with songs that address past and potential lovers (\"Marvins Room\", \"The Real Her\") and songs about revering (\"Make Me Proud\") and lavishing them (\"We'll Be Fine\").",
"Juan Edgardo Rodriguez of No Ripcord denotes women as \"the main force in his songs - he’s consciously aware about what it takes to love them, but simply decides to thrust aside the guidelines because he's on an entirely different stratosphere from any female average joe.",
"\"The album's expositional content is interpreted by critics in relation to contemporary society.",
"\"Newsday\"s Glenn Gamboa views that Drake's \"emotional self-doubt and realizations about [...] success\", along with the album's melancholy mood, \"capturtoday's zeitgeist of uncertainty and diminishing expectations.\"",
"Music journalist Ann Powers cites Drake's \"predicament — the inability to locate oneself within everyday power relations\" as \"one that's afflicted existential antiheroes throughout modernity.\"",
"She denotes his point of view as that of a \"biracial upper middle-class kid [... from a position of privilege that few rappers would occupy\", and finds his subject matter culturally significant, stating \"melancholia is that of the overly sated [...",
"But Drake's relentless focus on the point where money empties out happiness isn't merely autobiographical.",
"It's emblematic of our moment of crashed markets and occupied streets, and it speaks to a generation beginning to question whether the All-American, celebrity-endorsed credit card lifestyle will make them anything but bankrupt.\"",
"Pitchfork Media's Ryan Dombal compares his \"unrepentant navel-gazing and obsession with lost love\" to Marvin Gaye's 1978 album \"Here, My Dear\", adding that Drake's \"penchant for poetic oversharing\" makes him \"an apt avatar\" for the Information Age.",
"Drake's songwriting is characterized by wistful introspection, existential contemplation, and minimal boasting, with lyrics that convey frankness, vulnerability, melancholia, and narcissism.",
"Andy Gill of \"The Independent\" writes that he \"eschews anger or threat for a weariness shadowed by wistful regret.\"",
"Music journalist Greg Kot comments that Drake does not \"indulge in the macho poses that have dominated mainstream hip-hop for decades, and blurthe line between singing and rhyming\", adding that he \"makes his rhymes sound conversational, matter of fact, like he’s talking to the listener one-one-one\".",
"Tim Sendra of Allmusic notes that his \"introspective tone [... is only rarely punctured by aggressive tracks, boasts, and/or come-ons.\"",
"Drake's persona on songs shows traits of sincerity, self-doubt, regret, passive-aggressiveness, and self-absorption.",
"Kazeem Famuyide of \"The Source\" explains his conflicted persona as being \"arrogant enough to know his place as one of the most successful artist in hip-hop, and comfortable enough to realize his own faults in his personal life.\"",
"Jon Dolan of \"Rolling Stone\" writes that Drake \"collaps many moods – arrogance, sadness, tenderness and self-pity – into one vast, squish-souled emotion.\"",
"Kevin Ritchie of \"NOW\" notes \"an overwhelming sense of alienation, and sadness\" on \"Take Care\", calling it \"an idiosyncratic, aggressively self-conscious and occasionally sentimental album\"."
] |
[
0
] |
Expert assessments
|
List three reasons why Rembrandt's works are difficult to definitively identify.
|
Rembrandt
| false | 3ART
|
[
18,
20,
21
] |
[
"In 1968 the Rembrandt Research Project began under the sponsorship of the Netherlands Organization for the Advancement of Scientific Research; it was initially expected to last a highly optimistic ten years.",
"Art historians teamed up with experts from other fields to reassess the authenticity of works attributed to Rembrandt, using all methods available, including state-of-the-art technical diagnostics, and to compile a complete new catalogue raisonné of his paintings.",
"As a result of their findings, many paintings that were previously attributed to Rembrandt have been removed from their list, although others have been added back.",
"Many of those removed are now thought to be the work of his students.",
"One example of activity is \"The Polish Rider\", in New York's Frick Collection.",
"Rembrandt's authorship had been questioned by at least one scholar, Alfred von Wurzbach, at the beginning of the twentieth century, but for many decades later most scholars, including the foremost authority writing in English, Julius S. Held, agreed that it was indeed by the master.",
"In the 1980s, however, Dr. Josua Bruyn of the Foundation Rembrandt Research Project, cautiously and tentatively attributed the painting to one of Rembrandt's closest and most talented pupils, Willem Drost, about whom little is known.",
"But Bruyn's remained a minority opinion, the suggestion of Drost's authorship is now generally rejected, and the Frick itself never changed its own attribution, the label still reading \"Rembrandt\" and not \"attributed to\" or \"school of\".",
"More recent opinion has shifted even more decisively in favor of the Frick, with Simon Schama in his 1999 book \"Rembrandt's Eyes\", and a Rembrandt Project scholar, Ernst van de Wetering (Melbourne Symposium, 1997) both arguing for attribution to the master.",
"Those few scholars who still question Rembrandt's authorship feel that the execution is uneven, and favour different attributions for different parts of the work.",
"A similar issue was raised by Simon Schama in his book \"Rembrandt's Eye\" concerning the verification of titles associated with the subject matter depicted in Rembrandt's works.",
"For example, the exact subject being portrayed in \"Aristotle with a Bust of Homer\" (recently retitled by curators at the Metropolitan Museum) has been directly challenged by Schama applying the scholarship of Paul Crenshaw.",
"Schama presents a substantial argument that it was the famous ancient Greek painter Apelles who is depicted in contemplation by Rembrandt and not Aristotle.",
"Another painting, \"Pilate Washing His Hands\", is also of questionable attribution.",
"Critical opinion of this picture has varied since 1905, when Wilhelm von Bode described it as \"a somewhat abnormal work\" by Rembrandt.",
"Scholars have since dated the painting to the 1660s and assigned it to an anonymous pupil, possibly Aert de Gelder.",
"The composition bears superficial resemblance to mature works by Rembrandt but lacks the master's command of illumination and modeling.",
"The attribution and re-attribution work is ongoing.",
"In 2005 four oil paintings previously attributed to Rembrandt's students were reclassified as the work of Rembrandt himself: \"Study of an Old Man in Profile\" and \"Study of an Old Man with a Beard\" from a US private collection, \"Study of a Weeping Woman\", owned by the Detroit Institute of Arts, and \"Portrait of an Elderly Woman in a White Bonnet\", painted in 1640.",
"Rembrandt's own studio practice is a major factor in the difficulty of attribution, since, like many masters before him, he encouraged his students to copy his paintings, sometimes finishing or retouching them to be sold as originals, and sometimes selling them as authorized copies.",
"Additionally, his style proved easy enough for his most talented students to emulate.",
"Further complicating matters is the uneven quality of some of Rembrandt's own work, and his frequent stylistic evolutions and experiments.",
"As well, there were later imitations of his work, and restorations which so seriously damaged the original works that they are no longer recognizable.",
"It is highly likely that there will never be universal agreement as to what does and what does not constitute a genuine Rembrandt."
] |
[
1
] |
A modern sport
|
What year saw the first attempts at turning the recreation into a modern sport?
|
Archery
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
0
] |
[
"The 1840s saw the first attempts at turning the recreation into a modern sport.",
"The first Grand National Archery Society meeting was held in York in 1844 and over the next decade the extravagant and festive practices of the past were gradually whittled away and the rules were standardised as the 'York Round' - a series of shoots at 60, 80, and 100 yards.",
"Horace A. Ford helped to improve archery standards and pioneered new archery techniques.",
"He won the Grand National 11 times in a row and published a highly influential guide to the sport in 1856.",
"Towards the end of the 19th century, the sport experienced declining participation as alternative sports such as croquet and tennis became more popular among the middle class.",
"By 1889, just 50 archery clubs were left in Britain, but it was still included as a sport at the 1900 Paris Olympics.",
"In the United States, primitive archery was revived in the early 20th century.",
"The last of the Yahi Indian tribe, a native known as Ishi, came out of hiding in California in 1911.",
"His doctor, Saxton Pope, learned many of Ishi's traditional archery skills, and popularized them.",
"The Pope and Young Club, founded in 1961 and named in honor of Pope and his friend, Arthur Young, became one of North America's leading bowhunting and conservation organizations.",
"Founded as a nonprofit scientific organization, the Club was patterned after the prestigious Boone and Crockett Club and advocated responsible bowhunting by promoting quality, fair chase hunting, and sound conservation practices.",
"From the 1920s, professional engineers took an interest in archery, previously the exclusive field of traditional craft experts.",
"They led the commercial development of new forms of bow including the modern recurve and compound bow.",
"These modern forms are now dominant in modern Western archery; traditional bows are in a minority.",
"In the 1980s, the skills of traditional archery were revived by American enthusiasts, and combined with the new scientific understanding.",
"Much of this expertise is available in the \"Traditional Bowyer's Bibles\" (see Additional reading).",
"Modern game archery owes much of its success to Fred Bear, an American bow hunter and bow manufacturer."
] |
[
0
] |
Knots and line handling
|
What is a clove hitch?
|
Sailing
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
7
] |
[
"The tying and untying of knots and hitches as well as the general handling of ropes and lines are fundamental to the art of sailing.",
"The RYA basic 'Start Yachting' syllabus lists the following knots and hitches:",
"figure-eight knot — stopper knot",
"round turn and two half hitches — secure the end of a rope to a fixed object",
"bowline — used to form a fixed loop at the end of a rope",
"It also lists securing a line around a cleat and the use of winches and jamming cleats.",
"The RYA Competent Crew syllabus adds the following to the list above, as well as knowledge of the correct use of each: ",
"clove hitch — securing lines running along a series of posts",
"rolling hitch — rigging a stopper to relax the tension on a sheet",
"reef knot — joining two ends of a single line to bind around an object",
"single and double sheet bend — joining two ropes of different diameters",
"In addition it requires competent crewmembers to understand 'taking a turn' around a cleat and to be able to make cleated lines secure.",
"Lines and halyards need to be coiled neatly for stowage and reuse.",
"Dock lines need to be thrown and handled safely and correctly when coming alongside, up to a buoy, and when anchoring, as well as when casting off and getting under way."
] |
[
0
] |
Scanning probe microscopy
|
Who invented the atomic force microscope?
|
Microscope
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
2
] |
[
"The 1980s saw the development of the first scanning probe microscopes.",
"The first was the scanning tunneling microscope in 1981, developed by Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer.",
"This was closely followed in 1986 with Gerd Binnig, Quate, and Gerber's invention of the atomic force microscope."
] |
[
3
] |
Symbolism
|
Where did Dali get his idea to have clocks melting?
|
Salvador Dalí
| false | 3ART
|
[
2
] |
[
"Dalí employed extensive symbolism in his work.",
"For instance, the hallmark \"melting watches\" that first appear in \"The Persistence of Memory\" suggest Einstein's theory that time is relative and not fixed.",
"The idea for clocks functioning symbolically in this way came to Dalí when he was staring at a runny piece of Camembert cheese on a hot August day.",
"The elephant is also a recurring image in Dalí's works.",
"It first appeared in his 1944 work \"Dream Caused by the Flight of a Bee Around a Pomegranate a Second Before Awakening\".",
"The elephants, inspired by Gian Lorenzo Bernini's sculpture base in Rome of an elephant carrying an ancient obelisk, are portrayed \"with long, multijointed, almost invisible legs of desire\" along with obelisks on their backs.",
"Coupled with the image of their brittle legs, these encumbrances, noted for their phallic overtones, create a sense of phantom reality.",
"\"The elephant is a distortion in space\", one analysis explains, \"its spindly legs contrasting the idea of weightlessness with structure.\"",
"\"I am painting pictures which make me die for joy, I am creating with an absolute naturalness, without the slightest aesthetic concern, I am making things that inspire me with a profound emotion and I am trying to paint them honestly.\"",
"—Salvador Dalí, in Dawn Ades, \"Dalí and Surrealism\".",
"The egg is another common Dalíesque image.",
"He connects the egg to the prenatal and intrauterine, thus using it to symbolize hope and love; it appears in \"The Great Masturbator\" and \"The Metamorphosis of Narcissus\".",
"\"The Metamorphosis of Narcissus\" also symbolized death and petrification.",
"Various other animals appear throughout his work as well: ants point to death, decay, and immense sexual desire; the snail is connected to the human head (he saw a snail on a bicycle outside Freud's house when he first met Sigmund Freud); and locusts are a symbol of waste and fear."
] |
[
4
] |
World War II
|
Who was the head of the German Army's Ballistics and Munitions Branch during the Space Race of World War II?
|
Space Race
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
3
] |
[
"World War II.",
"The Space Race can trace its origins to Germany, beginning in the 1930s and continuing during World War II when Nazi Germany researched and built operational ballistic missiles.",
"Starting in the early 1930s, during the last stages of the Weimar Republic, German aerospace engineers experimented with liquid-fueled rockets, with the goal that one day they would be capable of reaching high altitudes and traversing long distances.",
"The head of the German Army's Ballistics and Munitions Branch, Lieutenant Colonel Karl Emil Becker, gathered a small team of engineers that included Walter Dornberger and Leo Zanssen, to figure out how to use rockets as long-range artillery in order to get around the Treaty of Versailles' ban on research and development of long-range cannons.",
"Wernher von Braun, a young engineering prodigy, was recruited by Becker and Dornberger to join their secret army program at Kummersdorf-West in 1932.",
"Von Braun had dreams about conquering outer space with rockets, and did not initially see the military value in missile technology.",
"During the Second World War, General Dornberger was the military head of the army's rocket program, Zanssen became the commandant of the Peenemünde army rocket centre, and von Braun was the technical director of the ballistic missile program.",
"They would lead the team that built the Aggregate-4 (A-4) rocket, which became the first vehicle to reach outer space during its test flight program in 1942 and 1943.",
"By 1943, Germany began mass-producing the A-4 as the Vergeltungswaffe 2 (\"Vengeance Weapon\" 2, or more commonly, V2), a ballistic missile with a range carrying a warhead at .",
"Its supersonic speed meant there was no defense against it, and radar detection provided little warning.",
"Germany used the weapon to bombard southern England and parts of Allied-liberated western Europe from 1944 until 1945.",
"After the war, the V-2 became the basis of early American and Soviet rocket designs.",
"At war's end, American, British, and Soviet scientific intelligence teams competed to capture Germany's rocket engineers along with the German rockets themselves and the designs on which they were based.",
"Each of the Allies captured a share of the available members of the German rocket team, but the United States benefited the most with Operation Paperclip, recruiting von Braun and most of his engineering team, who later helped develop the American missile and space exploration programs.",
"The United States also acquired a large number of complete V2 rockets."
] |
[
3
] |
Religion
|
In what area did a large population of Sephardi Jews used to live?
|
Greece
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
11
] |
[
"The Greek Constitution recognizes the Orthodox Christian faith as the \"prevailing\" faith of the country, while guaranteeing freedom of religious belief for all.",
"The Greek government does not keep statistics on religious groups and censuses do not ask for religious affiliation.",
"According to the U.S. State Department, an estimated 97% of Greek citizens identify themselves as Orthodox Christians, belonging to the Greek Orthodox Church.",
"In a Eurostat – Eurobarometer 2010 poll, 79% of Greek citizens responded that they \"believe there is a God\".",
"According to other sources, 15.8% of Greeks describe themselves as \"very religious\", which is the highest among all European countries.",
"The survey also found that just 3.5% never attend a church, compared to 4.9% in Poland and 59.1% in the Czech Republic.",
"Estimates of the recognized Greek Muslim minority, which is mostly located in Thrace, range from 98,000 to 140,000, (between 0.9% and 1.2%) while the immigrant Muslim community numbers between 200,000 and 300,000.",
"Albanian immigrants to Greece are usually associated with the Muslim religion, although most are secular in orientation.",
"Following the 1919–1922 Greco-Turkish War and the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne, Greece and Turkey agreed to a population transfer based on cultural and religious identity.",
"About 500,000 Muslims from Greece, predominantly Turks, but also other Muslims, were exchanged with approximately 1,500,000 Greeks from Asia Minor (now Turkey).",
"Judaism has existed in Greece for more than 2,000 years.",
"Sephardi Jews used to have a large presence in the city of Thessaloniki (by 1900, some 80,000, or more than half of the population, were Jews), but nowadays the Greek-Jewish community who survived German occupation and the Holocaust, during World War II, is estimated to number around 5,500 people.",
"Greek citizens who are Roman Catholic are estimated to be at around 50,000 with the Roman Catholic immigrant community in the country approximately 200,000.",
"Old Calendarists account for 500,000 followers.",
"Protestants, including Greek Evangelical Church and Free Evangelical Churches, stand at about 30,000.",
"Assemblies of God, International Church of the Foursquare Gospel and other Pentecostal churches of the Greek Synod of Apostolic Church have 12,000 members.",
"Independent Free Apostolic Church of Pentecost is the biggest Protestant denomination in Greece with 120 churches.",
"There are not official statistics about Free Apostolic Church of Pentecost, but the Orthodox Church estimates the followers as 20,000.",
"The Jehovah's Witnesses report having 28,859 active members.",
"Hellenic Polytheistic Reconstructionism has also been reportedly practiced by thousands of Greeks."
] |
[
0
] |
Cast
|
Who started as Walt Bishop in the movie Moonrise Kingdom?
|
Moonrise Kingdom
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
4
] |
[
"Jared Gilman as Sam Shakusky",
"Kara Hayward as Suzy Bishop",
"Bruce Willis as Captain Duffy Sharp",
"Edward Norton as Scout Master Randy Ward",
"Bill Murray as Walt Bishop",
"Frances McDormand as Laura Bishop",
"Tilda Swinton as Social Services",
"Jason Schwartzman as Cousin Ben",
"Bob Balaban as Narrator",
"Harvey Keitel as Commander Pierce",
"Rob Campbell as Deluca",
"Larry Pine as Mr. Billingsley",
"Seamus Davey-Fitzpatrick as Roosevelt",
"Chandler Frantz as Gadge",
"Charlie Kilgore as Lazy-Eye",
"Andreas Sheikh as Panagle",
"L.J.",
"Foley as Izod"
] |
[
3
] |
Plutonium
|
What did the second line of development use?
|
Manhattan Project
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
0
] |
[
"The second line of development pursued by the Manhattan Project used the fissile element plutonium.",
"Although small amounts of plutonium exist in nature, the best way to obtain large quantities of the element is in a nuclear reactor, in which natural uranium is bombarded by neutrons.",
"The uranium-238 is transmuted into uranium-239, which rapidly decays, first into neptunium-239 and then into plutonium-239.",
"Only a small amount of the uranium-238 will be transformed, so the plutonium must be chemically separated from the remaining uranium, from any initial impurities, and from fission products."
] |
[
0
] |
International broadcasts
|
What network did the series "Suburgatory" first air on?
|
Suburgatory
| false | 1TV
|
[
5
] |
[
"The series has been picked up in Canada by City, where it is simulcast with the ABC broadcasts.",
"In Latin America the series premiered on October 31, 2011 on Warner Channel.",
"The show premiered on January 3 in Sweden on Chanel 5.",
"In the Republic of Ireland the show began broadcasting on RTÉ Two from March 21, 2012 airing Wednesdays at 19:00.",
"In Spain, it premiered on Cosmopolitan TV on January 13, 2012.",
"The series began airing on the Nine Network's GO!",
"Channel in Australia from February 5, 2012 until it was taken off air in 2012/2013 after poor ratings losing to 7TWO, The Comedy Channel from Foxtel now airs the sitcom.",
"It premiered in Serbia on Serbian HBO Comedy on February 27, 2012, the Serbian name of the show is \"Čistilište u predgrađu\".",
"It also premiered in Poland on Polish HBO Comedy, on February 27, 2012, as \"Podmiejski czyściec\" (\"Suburban Purgatory\").",
"The show began airing in New Zealand on TV2 on February 14, 2012.",
"In the United Kingdom, \"Suburgatory\" started airing on Channel 4's digital channel E4 from July 17, 2012.",
"For Germany, ProSiebenSat.1 has picked up the series and will start airing it on Wednesday nights beginning on August 29.",
"It is also shown in Denmark on TV2 Zulu.",
"In Portugal, it was aired Monday to Friday, at 18:30, from November 22, 2012 until December 21, 2012 on RTP2.",
"In Brazil, the show premiered on January 3, 2013 at 3:30 AM in the SBT.",
"In Greece the show premiered on July 15, 2013 on Star Channel airing Monday to Friday at 2:30 PM, airing the first 2 Seasons.",
"In India, the show started airing on Star World from January 16, 2014."
] |
[
0
] |
Promotion
|
List and describe the murals made for the film Fruitvale Station if any were used.
|
Fruitvale Station
| true | 6MOVIES
|
[
1
] |
[
"The Weinstein Company commissioned three murals to be painted in Los Angeles, New York, and San Francisco by well-known street artists Ron English, Lydia Emily and LNY, in anticipation of the film.",
"Some people questioned having a poster for the film in Fruitvale Station, but a BART spokeswoman said about this decision: \"there was no debate whether to allow \"Fruitvale Station\" on BART.",
"None whatsoever.",
"We really support Ryan.",
"He's just an amazing person...",
"I think that Ryan had said it was his intention to show his love for Oakland and the people of Oakland, and he really succeeded.",
"\"Promotional material used on the film's Facebook page and website referred to the controversial shooting of Trayvon Martin in Florida, which was in the news at the same time as the film's release.",
"This drew some criticism, with publicist Angie Meyer stating, \"It's absolutely inappropriate and morally wrong to use a high profile case to create publicity and buzz around a movie release.",
"\"As part of its film promotion, the Weinstein Co. set up the \"I am __\" campaign to encourage people to share stories of overcoming acts of social injustice or mistreatment, and to upload photos or other artworks related to those experiences."
] |
[] |
Abstract
|
When was "Fruitvale Sation" released?
|
Fruitvale Station
| true | 6MOVIES
|
[
8
] |
[
"Fruitvale Station is a 2013 American drama film written and directed by Ryan Coogler.",
"It is Coogler's first feature-length film and is based on the events leading to the death of Oscar Grant, a young man who was killed by BART police officer Johannes Mehserle at the Fruitvale Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) Station in Oakland, California.",
"The film stars Michael B. Jordan as Oscar Grant.",
"Forest Whitaker is one of the film's producers.",
"Kevin Durand and Chad Michael Murray play the two BART police officers involved in Grant's death.",
"The names of the officers were changed for the film.",
"\"Fruitvale Station\" debuted at the 2013 Sundance Film Festival, where it won the Grand Jury Prize and the Audience Award for U.S. dramatic film.",
"It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2013 Cannes Film Festival where it won the award for Best First Film.",
"The film was released in theaters July 12, 2013.",
"It received critical acclaim upon its release and earned other awards."
] |
[
2
] |
Setting
|
As of October 10,2008 what was the price of home?
|
The Bachelor (U.S. TV series)
| true | 1TV
|
[
2
] |
[
"For the first two weeks of filming the contestants stay in \"Villa De La Vina,\" a , six-bedroom, nine-bath home in Agoura Hills, California.",
"The custom home, built in 2005, is located on 10 acres at 2351 Kanan Road.",
"As of October 10, 2008, the home was listed for sale at a price of US$8.75 million.",
"For the third and remaining episodes are the contestants have filmed around the world.",
"Episodes have been filmed throughout the United States, Canada, England, New Zealand, Vietnam, Korea to name just a few.",
"The Agoura Hills, California mansion was not used during a few seasons including season 7 that was filmed New York City, where Charlie O'Connell, who had appeared in \"Sliders\" with his brother Jerry O'Connell, lived, Paris, France for season 8; Rome, Italy for season 9, where Lorenzo Borghese lived who is half-Italian. "
] |
[
0
] |
Kata
|
What is Kata?
|
Karate
| true | 4SPORT
|
[
0
] |
[
"Kata (型:かた) means literally \"shape\" or \"model.\"",
"Kata is a formalized sequence of movements which represent various offensive and defensive postures.",
"These postures are based on idealized combat applications.",
"The applications applied in a demonstration with real opponents is referred to as a Bunkai.",
"The Bunkai shows how every stance and movement is used.",
"Bunkai is a useful tool to understand a kata.",
"To attain a formal rank the karateka must demonstrate competent performance of specific required kata for that level.",
"The Japanese terminology for grades or ranks is commonly used.",
"Requirements for examinations vary among schools."
] |
[
0
] |
Serbian campaign
|
When did Austria invade Serbia in World War I?
|
World War I
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
0
] |
[
"Austria invaded and fought the Serbian army at the Battle of Cer and Battle of Kolubara beginning on 12 August.",
"Over the next two weeks, Austrian attacks were thrown back with heavy losses, which marked the first major Allied victories of the war and dashed Austro-Hungarian hopes of a swift victory.",
"As a result, Austria had to keep sizable forces on the Serbian front, weakening its efforts against Russia.",
"Serbia's defeat of the Austro-Hungarian invasion of 1914 counts among the major upset victories of the last century.",
"This campaign had the youngest known soldier of World War I. Momčilo Gavrić, born in Trbušnica, joined the 6th Artillery Division of the Serbian Army when he was 8 years old, after Austro-Hungarian troops killed his parents, grandmother, and seven of his siblings in August 1914.",
"At the age of 10 he was promoted to Corporal, and at the age of 11 he became a Lance Sergeant."
] |
[
2
] |
Bacteriophages
|
How can bacteriophages be characterized?
|
Bacteria
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
0
] |
[
"Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria.",
"Many types of bacteriophage exist, some simply infect and lyse their host bacteria, while others insert into the bacterial chromosome.",
"A bacteriophage can contain genes that contribute to its host's phenotype: for example, in the evolution of and \"Clostridium botulinum\", the toxin genes in an integrated phage converted a harmless ancestral bacterium into a lethal pathogen.",
"Bacteria resist phage infection through restriction modification systems that degrade foreign DNA, and a system that uses CRISPR sequences to retain fragments of the genomes of phage that the bacteria have come into contact with in the past, which allows them to block virus replication through a form of RNA interference.",
"This CRISPR system provides bacteria with acquired immunity to infection."
] |
[
5
] |
Aftermath
|
When was the Museum of the Defense of Moscow created?
|
Battle of Moscow
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
21
] |
[
"The Red Army's winter counter-offensive drove the Wehrmacht from Moscow, but the city was still considered to be threatened, with the front line still relatively close.",
"Because of this, the Moscow theater remained a priority for Stalin, who at first appeared to be in shock due to the initial German success.",
"In particular, the initial Soviet advance was unable to level the Rzhev salient, held by several divisions of Army Group Center.",
"Immediately after the Moscow counter-offensive, a series of Soviet attacks (the Battles of Rzhev) were attempted against the salient, each time with heavy losses on both sides.",
"Soviet losses 776,000 men, and German losses between 500,000 and 780,000 men.",
"By early 1943, the Wehrmacht had to disengage from the salient as the whole front was moving west.",
"Nevertheless, the Moscow front was not finally secured until October 1943, when Army Group Center was decisively repulsed from the Smolensk landbridge and from the left shore of the upper Dnieper at the end of the Second Battle of Smolensk.",
"Furious that his army had been unable to take Moscow, Hitler dismissed his commander-in-chief, Walther von Brauchitsch, on 19 December 1941, and took personal charge of the \"Wehrmacht\", effectively taking control of all military decisions and setting most experienced German officers against him.",
"Additionally, Hitler surrounded himself with staff officers with little or no recent combat experience.",
"As Guderian wrote in his memoirs, \"This created a cold (chill) in our relations, a cold (chill) that could never be eliminated afterwards.\"",
"This increased Hitler's distrust of his senior officers and severely reduced the German advantages due to their superior military leadership.",
"Germany now faced the prospect of a war of attrition, something it was not prepared for and bound to lose in the long run.",
"Overall, the battle was a stinging defeat for the Axis, though not necessarily a crushing one, and it ended German hopes for a quick and decisive victory over the Soviet Union.",
"For the first time since June 1941, Soviet forces had stopped the Germans and driven them back.",
"This resulted in Stalin becoming overconfident and deciding to further expand the offensive.",
"On 5 January 1942, during a meeting in the Kremlin, Stalin announced that he was planning a general spring counteroffensive, which would be staged simultaneously near Moscow, Leningrad and in southern Russia.",
"This plan was accepted over Zhukov's objections.",
"Low Red Army reserves and Wehrmacht tactical skill led to a bloody stalemate near Rzhev, known as the \"Rzhev meat grinder\", and to a string of Red Army defeats, such as the Second Battle of Kharkov, the failed attempt at elimination of the Demyansk pocket, and the encirclement of General Vlasov's army near Leningrad in a failed attempt to lift the siege of the city.",
"Ultimately, these failures would lead to a successful German offensive in the south and to the Battle of Stalingrad.",
"Nevertheless, the defense of Moscow became a symbol of Soviet resistance against the invading Axis forces.",
"To commemorate the battle, Moscow was awarded the title of \"Hero City\" in 1965, on the 20th anniversary of Victory Day.",
"A Museum of the Defence of Moscow was created in 1995."
] |
[
2
] |
Product placement
|
In what year were VitaminWater executives approached for a placement deal?
|
Gossip Girl
| false | 1TV
|
[
4
] |
[
"",
"\"Gossip Girl\" is known for its product placement.",
"The show had a contract with Verizon Wireless for its first five seasons; all the characters were seen with phones chosen by the brand until the deal ended by the sixth season.",
"During their contract, Verizon Wireless offered exclusive \"Gossip Girl\" content and created a website where ringtones of the songs featured on the show could be downloaded.",
"In the summer of 2008, executives of VitaminWater approached The CW for a placement deal.",
"During the second season, the drinks were mentioned several times in dialogues.",
"The partnership helped pay the costs of shooting on location in the Hamptons.",
"An HP TouchPad was prominently displayed in an episode of the sixth season.",
"According to OneNewsNow.com, other sponsors have included Procter & Gamble, L'Oreal, Target and Johnson & Johnson, which allowed the series to earn $28.2 million in ad dollars in 2007."
] |
[
0
] |
Neta
|
What is the Japanese term for yellowtail?
|
Sushi
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
2
] |
[
"For culinary, sanitary, and aesthetic reasons, the minimum quality and freshness of fish to be eaten raw must be superior to that of fish which is to be cooked.",
"Sushi chefs are trained to recognize important attributes, including smell, color, firmness, and freedom from parasites that may go undetected in commercial inspection.",
"Commonly used fish are tuna (\"maguro, shiro-maguro\"), Japanese amberjack, yellowtail (\"hamachi\"), snapper (\"kurodai\"), mackerel (\"saba\"), and salmon (\"sake\").",
"The most valued sushi ingredient is \"toro,\" the fatty cut of the fish.",
"This comes in a variety of \"ōtoro\" (often from the bluefin species of tuna) and \"chūtoro\", meaning \"middle toro\", implying that it is halfway into the fattiness between \"toro\" and the regular cut.",
"\"Aburi\" style refers to \"nigiri\" sushi where the fish is partially grilled (topside) and partially raw.",
"Most nigiri sushi will be completely raw.",
"Other seafoods such as squid (\"ika\"), eel (\"anago\" and \"unagi\"), pike conger (\"hamo\"), octopus (\"tako\"), shrimp (\"ebi\" and \"amaebi\"), clam (\"mirugai\", \"aoyagi\" and \"akagai\"), fish roe (\"ikura\", \"masago\", \"kazunoko\" and \"tobiko\"), sea urchin (\"uni\"), crab (\"kani\"), and various kinds of shellfish (abalone, prawn, scallop) are the most popular seafoods in sushi.",
"Oysters, however, are less common, as the taste is not thought to go well with the rice.",
"\"Kani kama\", or imitation crab stick, is commonly substituted for real crab, most notably in California rolls.",
"Pickled daikon radish (\"takuan\") in \"shinko maki\", pickled vegetables (\"tsukemono\"), fermented soybeans (\"nattō\") in \"nattō maki\", avocado, cucumber in \"kappa maki\", asparagus, yam, pickled ume (\"umeboshi\"), gourd (\"kanpyō\"), burdock (\"gobo\"), and sweet corn (possibly mixed with mayonnaise) are also used in sushi.",
"Tofu and eggs (in the form of slightly sweet, layered omelette called \"tamagoyaki\" and raw quail eggs ride as a \"gunkan-maki\" topping) are common."
] |
[
0
] |
Heliopause
|
What is the name for the location where the solar wind collides with the interstellar wind?
|
Solar System
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
2
] |
[
"The heliosphere is divided into two separate regions.",
"The solar wind travels at roughly 400 km/s until it collides with the interstellar wind; the flow of plasma in the interstellar medium.",
"The collision occurs at the termination shock, which is roughly 80–100 AU from the Sun upwind of the interstellar medium and roughly 200 AU from the Sun downwind.",
"Here the wind slows dramatically, condenses, and becomes more turbulent, forming a great oval structure known as the heliosheath.",
"This structure is believed to look and behave very much like a comet's tail, extending outward for a further 40 AU on the upwind side but tailing many times that distance downwind; evidence from the Cassini and Interstellar Boundary Explorer spacecraft has suggested that it is forced into a bubble shape by the constraining action of the interstellar magnetic field.",
"The outer boundary of the heliosphere, the heliopause, is the point at which the solar wind finally terminates and is the beginning of interstellar space.",
"Both \"Voyager 1\" and \"Voyager 2\" are reported to have passed the termination shock and entered the heliosheath, at 94 and 84 AU from the Sun, respectively.",
"\"Voyager 1\" is also reported to have reached the heliopause.",
"The shape and form of the outer edge of the heliosphere is likely affected by the fluid dynamics of interactions with the interstellar medium as well as solar magnetic fields prevailing to the south, e.g.",
"it is bluntly shaped with the northern hemisphere extending 9 AU farther than the southern hemisphere.",
"Beyond the heliopause, at around 230 AU, lies the bow shock, a plasma \"wake\" left by the Sun as it travels through the Milky Way.",
"Due to a lack of data, the conditions in local interstellar space are not known for certain.",
"It is expected that NASA's Voyager spacecraft, as they pass the heliopause, will transmit valuable data on radiation levels and solar wind back to Earth.",
"How well the heliosphere shields the Solar System from cosmic rays is poorly understood.",
"A NASA-funded team has developed a concept of a \"Vision Mission\" dedicated to sending a probe to the heliosphere."
] |
[
4,
0
] |
German plan
|
During the German invasion of Poland, what was expected from the German minority in terms of assistance?
|
Invasion of Poland
| true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
18
] |
[
"Details of the campaign.",
"German plan.",
"The September Campaign was devised by General Franz Halder, chief of the general staff, and directed by General Walther von Brauchitsch, the commander in chief of the upcoming campaign.",
"It called for the start of hostilities before a declaration of war, and pursued a doctrine of mass encirclement and destruction of enemy forces.",
"The infantry—far from completely mechanized but fitted with fast moving artillery and logistic support—was to be supported by \"Panzers\" and small numbers of truck-mounted infantry (the \"Schützen\" regiments, forerunners of the \"panzergrenadiers\") to assist the rapid movement of troops and concentrate on localized parts of the enemy front, eventually isolating segments of the enemy, surrounding, and destroying them.",
"The pre-war \"armored idea\" (which an American journalist in 1939 dubbed \"Blitzkrieg\")—which was advocated by some generals, including Heinz Guderian—would have had the armor punching holes in the enemy's front and ranging deep into rear areas; in actuality, the campaign in Poland would be fought along more traditional lines.",
"This stemmed from conservatism on the part of the German high command, who mainly restricted the role of armor and mechanized forces to supporting the conventional infantry divisions.",
"Poland's terrain was well suited for mobile operations when the weather cooperated; the country had flat plains with long frontiers totalling almost , Poland's long border with Germany on the west and north—facing East Prussia—extended .",
"Those had been lengthened by another on the southern side in the aftermath of the Munich Agreement of 1938.",
"The German incorporation of Bohemia and Moravia and creation of the German puppet state of Slovakia meant that Poland's southern flank was exposed.",
"Hitler demanded that Poland be conquered in six weeks, but German planners thought that it would require three months.",
"They intended to fully exploit their long border with the great enveloping manoeuver of \"Fall Weiss\".",
"German units were to invade Poland from three directions:",
"A main attack over the western Polish border.",
"This was to be carried out by Army Group South commanded by General Gerd von Rundstedt, attacking from German Silesia and from the Moravian and Slovak border: General Johannes Blaskowitz's 8th Army was to drive eastward against Łódź; General Wilhelm List's 14th Army was to push on toward Kraków and to turn the Poles' Carpathian flank; and General Walter von Reichenau's 10th Army, in the centre with Army Group South's armor, was to deliver the decisive blow with a northeastward thrust into the heart of Poland.",
"A second route of attack from northern Prussia.",
"General Fedor von Bock commanded Army Group North, comprising General Georg von Küchler's 3rd Army, which was to strike southward from East Prussia, and General Günther von Kluge's 4th Army, which was to attack eastward across the base of the Polish Corridor.",
"A tertiary attack by part of Army Group South's allied Slovak units from Slovakia.",
"From within Poland, the German minority would assist by engaging in diversion and sabotage operations through \"Volksdeutscher Selbstschutz\" units prepared before the war.",
"All three assaults were to converge on Warsaw, while the main Polish army was to be encircled and destroyed west of the Vistula.",
"\"Fall Weiss\" was initiated on 1 September 1939, and was the first operation of Second World War in Europe."
] |
[
0
] |
Major conurbations
|
which cities urban area is largest in england?
|
England
| false | 5COUNTRY
|
[
0,
2
] |
[
"The Greater London Urban Area is by far the largest urban area in England and one of the busiest cities in the world.",
"It is considered a global city and has a population larger than other countries in the United Kingdom besides England itself.",
"Other urban areas of considerable size and influence tend to be in northern England or the English Midlands.",
"There are fifty settlements which have been designated city status in England, while the wider United Kingdom has sixty-six.",
"While many cities in England are quite large in size, such as Birmingham, Sheffield, Manchester, Liverpool, Leeds, Newcastle, Bradford, Nottingham and others, a large population is not necessarily a prerequisite for a settlement to be afforded city status.",
"Traditionally the status was afforded to towns with diocesan cathedrals and so there are smaller cities like Wells, Ely, Ripon, Truro and Chichester.",
"According to the Office for National Statistics the ten largest, continuous built-up urban areas are:"
] |
[] |
Habitats
|
Why does Yosemite National Park contain a wide variety of wildlife species?
|
Yosemite National Park
| true | 2TRAVEL
|
[
4
] |
[
"With its scrubby sun-baked chaparral, stately groves of pine, fir, and sequoia, and expanses of alpine woodlands and meadows, Yosemite National Park preserves a Sierra Nevada landscape as it prevailed before Euro-American settlement.",
"In contrast to surrounding lands, which have been significantly altered by logging, the park still contains some of old-growth forest.",
"Taken together, the park's varied habitats support over 250 species of vertebrates, which include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.",
"Along much of Yosemite's western boundary, habitats are dominated by mixed coniferous forests of Ponderosa Pine, Sugar Pine, Incense-cedar, White Fir, Douglas Fir, and a few stands of Giant Sequoia, interspersed by areas of Black Oak and Canyon Live Oak.",
"A relatively high diversity of wildlife species is supported by these habitats, because of relatively mild, lower-elevation climate and the mixture of habitat types and plant species.",
"Wildlife species typically found in these habitats include American black bear, Bobcat, Cougar, Gray fox, Mule deer, Mountain kingsnake, Gilbert's skink, White-headed Woodpecker, Brown Creeper, Spotted Owl, and a wide variety of bat species.",
"In the case of bats, large snags are important as roost sites.",
"Going higher in elevation, the coniferous forests become purer stands of Red Fir, Western White Pine, Jeffrey Pine, Lodgepole Pine, and the occasional Foxtail pine.",
"Fewer wildlife species tend to be found in these habitats, because of their higher elevation and lower complexity.",
"Species likely to be found include Golden-mantled Ground Squirrel, Chickaree, Fisher, Steller's Jay, Hermit Thrush, and Northern Goshawk.",
"Reptiles are not common, but include Rubber Boa, western fence lizard, and Northern Alligator Lizard.",
"As the landscape rises, trees become smaller and more sparse, with stands broken by areas of exposed granite.",
"These include Lodgepole Pine, Whitebark Pine, and Mountain Hemlock that, at highest elevations, give way to vast expanses of granite as treeline is reached.",
"The climate in these habitats is harsh and the growing season is short, but species such as Pika, Yellow-bellied Marmot, White-tailed Jackrabbit, Clark's Nutcracker, and Black Rosy Finch are adapted to these conditions.",
"Also, the treeless alpine habitats are the areas favored by Sierra Nevada Bighorn Sheep.",
"This species, however, is now found in the Yosemite area only around Tioga Pass, where a small, reintroduced population exists.",
"At a variety of elevations, meadows provide important, productive habitat for wildlife.",
"Animals come to feed on the green grasses and use the flowing and standing water found in many meadows.",
"Predators, in turn, are attracted to these areas.",
"The interface between meadow and forest is also favored by many animal species because of the proximity of open areas for foraging and cover for protection.",
"Species that are highly dependent upon meadow habitat include Great Grey Owl, Willow Flycatcher, Yosemite Toad, and Mountain Beaver."
] |
[
1
] |
Credits and personnel
|
Who served as engineers during the recording of Drive By?
|
Drive By (song)
| false | 0MUSIC
|
[
8,
9,
4
] |
[
"Recording",
" Recorded at Integrated Studios, New York City and at Ruby Red Studios, Venice, Los Angeles",
"Personnel",
" Patrick Monahan – songwriter, producer, vocals",
" Espen Lind – songwriter, producer, engineer, additional guitars, bass, keyboards and backing vocals, programming",
" Amund Bjørklund – songwriter, producer, programming",
" Butch Walker – producer",
" Mark Endert – mixing",
" Francis Murray – engineer",
" Jake Sinclair – engineer",
" Jimmy Stafford – guitar",
" Scott Underwood – drums",
" Jerry Becker – keyboards",
" Hector Maldonado – bass",
"Credits and personnel.",
"Credits adapted from \"Drive By\" CD single liner notes."
] |
[
3
] |
Competitive shooting
|
What shooting sport uses combat style shooting?
|
Shooting
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
5
] |
[
"Marksmanship has inspired competition, and in several countries rifle clubs started to form in the 19th century.",
"Soon international shooting events evolved, including shooting at the Summer Olympics (from 1896) and World Championships (from 1897).",
"The International Shooting Sport Federation still administers Olympic and non-Olympic rifle, pistol, shotgun, and running target shooting competitions, although there is also a large number of national and international shooting sports controlled by unrelated organizations.",
"Shooting technique differs depending on factors like the type of firearm used (from a handgun to a sniper rifle; the distance to and nature of the target; the required precision; and the available time.",
"Breathing and position play an important role when handling a handgun or a rifle.",
"Some shooting sports, such as IPSC shooting, make a sport of combat style shooting.",
"The prone position, kneeling position, and standing position offer different amounts of support for the shooter."
] |
[
0
] |
Scuba diver training and certification
|
Is there a regulatory agency for scuba diving?
|
Scuba diving
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
0
] |
[
"Recreational scuba diving does not have a centralized certifying or regulatory agency, and is mostly self regulated.",
"There are, however, several large diving organizations that train and certify divers and dive instructors, and many diving related sales and rental outlets require proof of diver certification from one of these organizations prior to selling or renting certain diving products or services.",
"Underwater diver training is normally given by a qualified instructor who is a member of one of many diving training agencies or is registered with a government agency.",
"Basic diver training entails the learning of skills required for the safe conduct of activities in an underwater environment, and includes procedures and skills for the use of diving equipment, safety, emergency self-help and rescue procedures, dive planning, and use of dive tables.",
"Some of the skills which an entry level diver will normally learn include:",
"Preparing and dressing in the diving suit",
"Assembly and pre-dive testing of the scuba set.",
"Entries and exits",
"Breathing from the demand valve",
"Recovering and clearing the demand valve.",
"Clearing water from the mask.",
"Buoyancy control using weights and buoyancy compensator",
"Finning techniques, underwater mobility and maneuvering.",
"Making safe and controlled descents and ascents.",
"Equalisation of the ears and other air spaces.",
"Assisting another diver by providing air from one's own supply, or receiving air supplied by another diver.",
"How to return to the surface without injury in the event of a breathing supply interruption.",
"Use of bailout systems (professional divers).",
"Diving signals used to communicate underwater.",
"Professional divers will also learn other methods of communication.",
"Dive management skills such as monitoring depth and time and the breathing gas supply",
"Buddy diving procedures.",
"Some knowledge of physiology and the physics of diving is considered necessary by most diver certification agencies, as the diving environment is alien and relatively hostile to humans.",
"The physics and physiology knowledge required is fairly basic, and helps the diver to understand the effects of the diving environment so that informed acceptance of the associated risks is possible.",
"The physics mostly relates to gases under pressure, buoyancy, heat loss, and light underwater.",
"The physiology relates the physics to the effects on the human body, to provide a basic understanding of the causes and risks of barotrauma, decompression sickness, gas toxicity, hypothermia, drowning and sensory variations.",
"More advanced training often involves first aid and rescue skills, skills related to specialized diving equipment, and underwater work skills."
] |
[] |
Abstract
|
What were the names of the South Park creators?
|
South Park
| true | 1TV
|
[
0
] |
[
"South Park is an American adult animated sitcom created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone for the Comedy Central television network.",
"Intended for mature audiences, the show has become famous for its crude language and dark, surreal humor that satirizes a wide range of topics.",
"The ongoing narrative revolves around four boys—Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick—and their bizarre adventures in and around the titular Colorado town.",
"Parker and Stone developed the show from two animated shorts they created in 1992 and 1995.",
"The latter became one of the first Internet viral videos, which ultimately led to its production as a series.",
"\"South Park\" debuted in August 1997 with great success, consistently earning the highest ratings of any basic cable program.",
"Subsequent ratings have varied but it remains one of Comedy Central's highest rated shows, and is slated to air through at least 2016.",
"The pilot episode was produced using cutout animation.",
"All subsequent episodes are created with software that emulates the cutout technique.",
"Parker and Stone perform most of the voice acting.",
"Since 2000, each episode is typically written and produced during the week preceding its broadcast, with Parker serving as the primary writer and director.",
"There have been a total of episodes over the course of the show's 17 seasons.",
"The series has received numerous accolades, including five Primetime Emmy Awards, a Peabody Award, and numerous inclusions in various publications' lists of greatest television shows.",
"The show's popularity resulted in a feature-length theatrical film, \"\" which was released in June 1999, less than two years after the show's premiere, and became a commercial and critical success.",
"In 2013, \"TV Guide\" ranked \"South Park\" the tenth Greatest TV Cartoon of All Time."
] |
[
0
] |
Frequency of occurrence
|
Where does Earth's magnetic field point during magnetopause?
|
Aurora
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
6
] |
[
"Auroras are occasionally seen in temperate latitudes, when a magnetic storm temporarily enlarges the auroral oval.",
"Large magnetic storms are most common during the peak of the eleven-year sunspot cycle or during the three years after that peak.",
"Within the auroral zone the likelihood of an aurora occurring depends mostly on the slant of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) lines (the slant is known as Bz), however, being greater with southward slants.",
"Geomagnetic storms that ignite auroras actually happen more often during the months around the equinoxes.",
"It is not well understood why geomagnetic storms are tied to Earth's seasons while polar activity is not.",
"But it is known that during spring and autumn, the interplanetary magnetic field and that of Earth link up.",
"At the magnetopause, Earth's magnetic field points north.",
"When Bz becomes large and negative (i.e., the IMF tilts south), it can partially cancel Earth's magnetic field at the point of contact.",
"South-pointing Bzs open a door through which energy from the solar wind reaches Earth's inner magnetosphere.",
"The peaking of Bz during this time is a result of geometry.",
"The IMF comes from the Sun and is carried outward with the solar wind.",
"The rotation of the Sun causes the IMF to have a spiral shape called the Parker spiral.",
"The southward (and northward) excursions of Bz are greatest during April and October, when Earth's magnetic dipole axis is most closely aligned with the Parker spiral.",
"Bz is not the only influence on geomagnetic activity, however, the Sun's rotation axis is tilted 8 degrees with respect to the plane of Earth's orbit.",
"The solar wind blows more rapidly from the Sun's poles than from its equator, thus the average speed of particles buffeting Earth's magnetosphere waxes and wanes every six months.",
"The solar wind speed is greatest – by about 50 km/s, on average – around 5 September and 5 March when Earth lies at its highest heliographic latitude.",
"Still, neither Bz nor the solar wind can fully explain the seasonal behavior of geomagnetic storms.",
"Those factors together contribute only about one-third of the observed semiannual variations."
] |
[
4
] |
Niihau Incident
|
Why were Niihau's citizens unaware of the attack on Pearl Harbor?
|
Attack on Pearl Harbor
| true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
5
] |
[
"The Japanese planners had determined that some means of rescuing fliers whose aircraft were too badly damaged to return to the carriers was required.",
"The island of Niihau, only 30 minutes flying time from Pearl Harbor, was designated as the rescue point.",
"The Zero flown by Petty Officer Shigenori Nishikaichi of Hiryu was damaged in the attack on Wheeler, and he flew to the rescue point on Niihau.",
"The aircraft was further damaged on landing.",
"Nishikaichi was helped from the wreckage by one of the native Hawaiian inhabitants, who, aware of the tension between the United States and Japan, took the pilot's maps and other documents.",
"The island's residents had no telephones or radio and were completely unaware of the attack on Pearl Harbor.",
"Nishikaichi enlisted the support of three Japanese-American residents in an attempt to recover the documents.",
"During the ensuing struggles, Nishikaichi was killed and a Hawaiian civilian was wounded; one collaborator committed suicide, and his wife and the third collaborator were sent to prison.",
"The ease with which the local ethnic Japanese residents apparently went to the assistance of Nishikaichi was a source of concern for many, and tended to support those who believed that local Japanese could not be trusted."
] |
[
1
] |
Double-stranded RNA
|
What forms the genetic material of some viruses?
|
RNA
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
1
] |
[
"Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is RNA with two complementary strands, similar to the DNA found in all cells.",
"dsRNA forms the genetic material of some viruses (double-stranded RNA viruses).",
"Double-stranded RNA such as viral RNA or siRNA can trigger RNA interference in eukaryotes, as well as interferon response in vertebrates."
] |
[
0
] |
Casting
|
"Breaking Bad" creator Vince Gilligan cast Bryan Cranston for the role of Walter White based on having worked with him in an episode of what previous television series?
|
Breaking Bad
| false | 1TV
|
[
1
] |
[
"",
"\"Breaking Bad\" creator Vince Gilligan cast Bryan Cranston for the role of Walter White based on having worked with him in an episode of the science fiction television series \"The X-Files\", on which Gilligan worked as a writer.",
"Cranston played an anti-Semite with a terminal illness who took series co-protagonist Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) hostage.",
"Gilligan said the character had to be simultaneously loathsome and sympathetic, and that \"Bryan alone was the only actor who could do that, who could pull off that trick.",
"And it is a trick.",
"I have no idea how he does it.\"",
"AMC officials, who were initially reluctant with the casting choice, having known Cranston only as the over-the-top character Hal on the comedy series \"Malcolm in the Middle\", approached actors John Cusack and Matthew Broderick about the role.",
"When both actors declined, the executives were persuaded to cast Cranston after seeing his \"X-Files\" episode.",
"Cranston contributed a great deal to the Walter White persona.",
"When Gilligan left much of Walter's past unexplained during the development of the series, the actor wrote his own backstory for the character.",
"At the start of the show, Cranston gained 10 pounds to reflect the character's personal decline and had the natural red highlights of his hair dyed a regular brown.",
"He collaborated with costume designer Kathleen Detoro on a wardrobe of mostly neutral green and brown colors to make the character bland and unremarkable, and worked with makeup artist Frieda Valenzuela to create a mustache he described as \"impotent\" and like a \"dead caterpillar\".",
"Cranston repeatedly identified elements within certain scripts where he disagreed with how the character was handled, and went so far as to call Gilligan directly when he could not work out disagreements with the episode's screenwriters.",
"Cranston has said he was inspired partially by his elderly father for how Walter carries himself physically, which he described as \"a little hunched over, never erect, if the weight of the world is on this man's shoulders\".",
"In contrast to his character, Cranston has been described as extremely playful on set, with Aaron Paul describing him as \"a kid trapped in a man's body\".",
"Gilligan originally intended for Aaron Paul's character, Jesse Pinkman, to be killed at the end of \"Breaking Bad\" 's first season in a botched drug deal as a plot device to plague Walter White with guilt.",
"However, Gilligan said by the second episode of the season, he was so impressed with Paul's performance that \"it became pretty clear early on that would be a huge, colossal mistake, to kill off Jesse\"."
] |
[
0
] |
Criticism of Secret Service
|
Who concluded that the secret service was deficient in the performance of it's duties during the Kennedy assasination?
|
Assassination of John F. Kennedy
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
6
] |
[
"Sgt.",
"Davis, of the Dallas Police Department, believed he had prepared stringent security precautions, in an attempt to prevent demonstrations like those marking the Adlai Stevenson visit from happening again.",
"The previous month, Stevenson, the United States Ambassador to the United Nations, was assaulted by an anti-UN demonstrator.",
"But Winston Lawson of the Secret Service, who was in charge of the planning, told the Dallas Police not to assign its usual squad of experienced homicide detectives to follow immediately behind the President's car.",
"This police protection was routine for both visiting presidents and for motorcades of other visiting dignitaries.",
"Police Chief Jesse Curry later testified that had his men been in place, they might have been able to stop the assassin before he fired a second shot, because they carried submachine guns and rifles.",
"An investigation by the House Select Committee on Assassinations (HSCA) in 1979 concluded that \"the Secret Service was deficient in the performance of its duties.\"",
"The HSCA stated:",
"That President Kennedy had not received adequate protection in Dallas.",
"That the Secret Service possessed information that was not properly analyzed, investigated, or used by the Secret Service in connection with the President's trip to Dallas.",
"That the Secret Service agents in the motorcade were inadequately prepared to protect the President from a sniper.",
"The HSCA specifically noted:No actions were taken by the agent in the right front seat of the Presidential limousine [ Roy Kellerman ] to cover the President with his body, although it would have been consistent with Secret Service procedure for him to have done so.",
"The primary function of the agent was to remain at all times in close proximity to the President in the event of such emergencies."
] |
[
3
] |
Before the monument (8000 BC forward)
|
Around what time was Stonehenge constructed?
|
Stonehenge
| true | 2TRAVEL
|
[
5
] |
[
"Before the monument (8000 BC forward).",
"Archaeologists have found four, or possibly five, large Mesolithic postholes (one may have been a natural tree throw), which date to around 8000 BC, beneath the nearby modern tourist car-park.",
"These held pine posts around in diameter which were erected and eventually rotted \"in situ\".",
"Three of the posts (and possibly four) were in an east-west alignment which may have had ritual significance; no parallels are known from Britain at the time but similar sites have been found in Scandinavia.",
"Salisbury Plain was then still wooded but 4,000 years later, during the earlier Neolithic, people built a causewayed enclosure at Robin Hood's Ball and long barrow tombs in the surrounding landscape.",
"In approximately 3500 BC, a Stonehenge Cursus was built north of the site as the first farmers began to clear the trees and develop the area."
] |
[
0
] |
Public view and title
|
How much did an art-lover offer for the painting?
|
Les Demoiselles d'Avignon
| false | 3ART
|
[
8
] |
[
"From 16 to 31 July 1916 \"Les Demoiselles\" was exhibited to the public for the first time at the Salon d'Antin, an exhibition organized by André Salmon titled \"L'Art moderne en France\".",
"The exhibition space at 26 rue d'Antin was lent by the famous couturier and art collector Paul Poiret.",
"The larger Salon d'Automne and Salon des Indépendants had been closed due to World War I, making this the only Cubists exhibition in France since 1914.",
"A review was published in \"Le Cri de Paris\": The Cubists are not waiting for the war to end to recommence hostilities against good sense.",
"They are exhibiting at the Galerie Poiret naked women whose scattered parts are represented in all four corners of the canvas: here an eye, there an ear, over there a hand, a foot on top, a mouth below.",
"M. Picasso, their leader, is possibly the least disheveled of the lot.",
"He has painted, or rather daubed, five women who are, if the truth be told, all hacked up, and yet their limbs somehow manage to hold together.",
"They have, moreover, piggish faces with eyes wandering negligently above their ears.",
"An enthusiastic art-lover offered the artist 20,000 francs for this masterpiece.",
"M. Picasso wanted more.",
"The art-lover did not insist.",
"Picasso referred to his only entry at the Salon d'Antin as his Brothel painting calling it \"Le Bordel d'Avignon\" but André Salmon retitled it \"Les Demoiselles d'Avignon\" so as to lessen its scandalous impact on the public.",
"Picasso never liked the title, however, preferring \"las chicas de Avignon,\" but Salmon's title stuck.",
"The only other time the painting might have been exhibited to the public prior to a 1937 showing in New York was in 1918, in an exhibition dedicated to Picasso and Matisse at Galerie Paul Guillaume in Paris, though very little information exists about this exhibition or the presence (if at all) of \"Les Demoiselles\".",
"Afterwards, the painting was rolled up and remained with Picasso until 1924 when, with urging and help from Breton and Louis Aragon (1897–1982), he sold it to designer Jacques Doucet (1853–1929), for 25,000 francs. "
] |
[
5
] |
Atom
|
What is the nucleus made of?
|
Chemistry
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
2
] |
[
"The atom is the basic unit of chemistry.",
"It consists of a dense core called the atomic nucleus surrounded by a space called the electron cloud.",
"The nucleus is made up of positively charged protons and uncharged neutrons (together called nucleons), while the electron cloud consists of negatively-charged electrons which orbit the nucleus.",
"In a neutral atom, the negatively-charged electrons balance out the positive charge of the protons.",
"The nucleus is dense; the mass of a nucleon is 1,836 times that of an electron, yet the radius of an atom is about 10,000 times that of its nucleus.",
"The atom is also the smallest entity that can be envisaged to retain the chemical properties of the element, such as electronegativity, ionization potential, preferred oxidation state(s), coordination number, and preferred types of bonds to form (e.g., metallic, ionic, covalent)."
] |
[
0
] |
Abstract
|
When did the Wright brothers fly at Kitty Hawk?
|
Wright Brothers flights of 1909
| true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
0
] |
[
"Airplane inventors Wilbur and Orville Wright are famed for making the first controlled, powered, heavier-than-air flights on 17 December 1903 at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.",
"Lesser-known are other flights of theirs which played an important role at the dawn of aviation history.",
"In 1909 Wilbur was invited by the Hudson-Fulton Celebration Committee to make paid exhibition flights to help mark 300 years of New York history, including Henry Hudson discovering Manhattan and Robert Fulton starting a successful commercial steamboat service on the Hudson River.",
"The committee wanted the Wrights to demonstrate flights over the water around New York City.",
"Orville was making flights for customers in Germany, so Wilbur, who had just finished training U.S. Army pilots, accepted the job."
] |
[
2
] |
Names of the Sphinx
|
How many times is the Great Sphinx referenced in ancient Egypt?
|
Great Sphinx of Giza
| false | 3ART
|
[
0
] |
[
"It is not known by what name the creators called their statue, as the Great Sphinx does not appear in any known inscription of the Old Kingdom, and there are no inscriptions anywhere describing its construction or its original purpose.",
"In the New Kingdom, the Sphinx was called \"Hor-em-akhet\" (; Hellenized: \"Harmachis\"), and the pharaoh Thutmose IV (1401–1391 or 1397–1388 BC) specifically referred to it as such in his Dream Stele.",
"The commonly used name \"Sphinx\" was given to it in classical antiquity, about 2000 years after the accepted date of its construction, by reference to a Greek mythological beast with a lion's body, a woman's head and the wings of an eagle (although, like most Egyptian sphinxes, the Great Sphinx has a man's head and no wings).",
"The English word \"sphinx\" comes from the ancient Greek Σφίγξ (transliterated: ), apparently from the verb σφίγγω (transliterated: / ), after the Greek sphinx who strangled anyone who failed to answer her riddle.",
"The name may alternatively be a corruption of the ancient Egyptian \"Ssp-anx\" (in MdC), a name given to royal statues of Dynasty IV (2575–2467 BC) and later in the New Kingdom (c. 1570–1070 BC) to the Great Sphinx more specifically, although phonetically the two names are far from identical.",
"Medieval Arab writers, including al-Maqrīzī, call the Sphinx \"balhib\" and \"bilhaw\", which suggest a Coptic influence.",
"The modern Egyptian Arabic name is أبو الهول (, )."
] |
[
5
] |
Team
|
When did the event debut?
|
Nordic combined
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
3
] |
[
"The team event consists of four skiers starting from the ski jump with one jump each, then moving onward to cross-country skiing in a 4 x 5 km relay.",
"The Gundersen point total for this as of 2008 has been 1 point equals 1.33 seconds or 45 points per minute.",
"It is a pursuit start similar to the individual events.",
"When the event debuted in the 1980s, the event was a 3 x 10 km team event, but that changed following Japan's successes at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1993 in Falun and the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer where the country won by almost four minutes and almost five minutes respectively.",
"The event became a 4 x 5 km team at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1995 in Thunder Bay, Ontario where it remained; however, in the 2012-13 season, a 2 x 7.5 km team event has been introduced, in which 2-man teams complete one jump each and then a series of 1.5 km legs of cross-country skiing are run: thus far, it has led to some close finishes."
] |
[
2
] |
Cinema
|
what was the very first italian film?
|
Italy
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
1
] |
[
"The history of Italian cinema began a few months after the Lumière brothers began motion picture exhibitions.",
"The first Italian film was a few seconds, showing Pope Leo XIII giving a blessing to the camera.",
"The Italian film industry was born between 1903 and 1908 with three companies: the Società Italiana Cines, the Ambrosio Film and the Itala Film.",
"Other companies soon followed in Milan and in Naples.",
"In a short time these first companies reached a fair producing quality, and films were soon sold outside Italy.",
"Cinema was later used by Benito Mussolini, who founded Rome's renowned Cinecittà studio for the production of Fascist propaganda until World War II.",
"After the war, Italian film was widely recognised and exported until an artistic decline around the 1980s.",
"Notable Italian film directors from this period include Vittorio De Sica, Federico Fellini, Sergio Leone, Pier Paolo Pasolini, Luchino Visconti, Michelangelo Antonioni and Dario Argento.",
"Movies include world cinema treasures such as \"La dolce vita\", \"The Good, the Bad and the Ugly\" and \"Bicycle Thieves\".",
"The mid-1940s to the early 1950s was the heyday of neorealist films, reflecting the poor condition of post-war Italy.",
"As the country grew wealthier in the 1950s, a form of neorealism known as pink neorealism succeeded, and other film genres, such as sword-and-sandal followed as spaghetti westerns, were popular in the 1960s and 1970s.",
"In recent years, the Italian scene has received only occasional international attention, with movies like \"La vita è bella\" directed by Roberto Benigni, \"Il postino\" with Massimo Troisi and \"La grande bellezza\" directed by Paolo Sorrentino"
] |
[
0
] |
Lipids_1
|
Most lipids have some what character?
|
Biochemistry
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
4
] |
[
"The term lipid composes a diverse range of molecules and to some extent is a catchall for relatively water-insoluble or nonpolar compounds of biological origin, including waxes, fatty acids, fatty-acid derived phospholipids, sphingolipids, glycolipids, and terpenoids (e.g., retinoids and steroids).",
"Some lipids are linear aliphatic molecules, while others have ring structures.",
"Some are aromatic, while others are not.",
"Some are flexible, while others are rigid.",
"Most lipids have some polar character in addition to being largely nonpolar.",
"In general, the bulk of their structure is nonpolar or hydrophobic (\"water-fearing\"), meaning that it does not interact well with polar solvents like water.",
"Another part of their structure is polar or hydrophilic (\"water-loving\") and will tend to associate with polar solvents like water.",
"This makes them amphiphilic molecules (having both hydrophobic and hydrophilic portions).",
"In the case of cholesterol, the polar group is a mere -OH (hydroxyl or alcohol).",
"In the case of phospholipids, the polar groups are considerably larger and more polar, as described below.",
"Lipids are an integral part of our daily diet.",
"Most oils and milk products that we use for cooking and eating like butter, cheese, ghee etc., are composed of fats.",
"Vegetable oils are rich in various polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA).",
"Lipid-containing foods undergo digestion within the body and are broken into fatty acids and glycerol, which are the final degradation products of fats and lipids."
] |
[
0
] |
1976–present: reunification and reforms
|
South Vietnamese were executed in which amount?
|
Vietnam
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
3
] |
[
"In the aftermath of the war, under Lê Duẩn's administration, the government embarked on a mass campaign of collectivization of farms and factories.",
"This caused economic chaos and resulted in triple-digit inflation, while national reconstruction efforts progressed slowly.",
"At least one million South Vietnamese were sent to reeducation camps, with an estimated 165,000 prisoners dying.",
"Between 100,000 and 200,000 South Vietnamese were executed in extrajudicial killings; another 50,000 died performing hard labor in \"New Economic Zones\".",
"In the late 1970s and early 1980s, millions of people fled the country in crudely built boats, creating an international humanitarian crisis; hundreds of thousands died at sea.",
"In 1978, the Vietnamese military invaded Cambodia to remove from power the Khmer Rouge, who had been attacking Vietnamese border villages.",
"Vietnam was victorious, installing a government in Cambodia which ruled until 1989.",
"This action worsened relations with the Chinese, who launched a brief incursion into northern Vietnam in 1979.",
"This conflict caused Vietnam to rely even more heavily on Soviet economic and military aid.",
"At the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam in December 1986, reformist politicians replaced the \"old guard\" government with new leadership.",
"The reformers were led by 71-year-old Nguyen Van Linh, who became the party's new general secretary.",
"Linh and the reformers implemented a series of free-market reforms – known as \"\" (\"Renovation\") – which carefully managed the transition from a planned economy to a \"socialist-oriented market economy\".",
"Though the authority of the state remained unchallenged under \"Đổi Mới\", the government encouraged private ownership of farms and factories, economic deregulation and foreign investment, while maintaining control over strategic industries.",
"The Vietnamese economy subsequently achieved strong growth in agricultural and industrial production, construction, exports and foreign investment.",
"However, these reforms have also caused a rise in income inequality and gender disparities."
] |
[] |
Frank and Charles Menches
|
Why was hamburger "invented"?
|
Hamburger
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
1,
2
] |
[
"Another claim from 1885 comes from Frank and Charles Menches who claim to have sold a ground beef sandwich at the Erie County Fair in Hamburg, New York.",
"During the fair, they ran out of pork sausage for their sandwiches and substituted beef.",
"Kunzog, who spoke to Frank Menches, says they exhausted their supply of sausage, so purchased chopped up beef from a butcher, Andrew Klein.",
"Though historian Joseph Streamer wrote that the meat was from Stein's market not Klein's; despite Stein having sold the market in 1874.",
"The story notes that the origin of the hamburger comes from Hamburg, New York not Hamburg Germany.",
"Yet Frank Menches's obituary in \"The New York Times\" states that these events took place at the 1892 Summit County Fair in Akron, Ohio."
] |
[
1
] |
Nutrition
|
What are some vitamins found in vegetables?
|
Vegetable
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
1
] |
[
"Vegetables are eaten in a variety of ways, as part of main meals and as snacks.",
"The nutritional content of vegetables varies considerably, though generally they contain little protein or fat, and varying proportions of vitamins such as Vitamin A, Vitamin K and Vitamin B6, provitamins, dietary minerals and carbohydrates.",
"Vegetables contain a great variety of other phytochemicals, some of which have been claimed to have antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and anticarcinogenic properties.",
"Some vegetables also contain fiber, important for gastrointestinal function.",
"Vegetables contain important nutrients necessary for healthy hair and skin as well.",
"A person who refrains from dairy and meat products, and eats only plants (including vegetables) is known as a vegan.",
"However, vegetables often also contain toxins and antinutrients such as α-solanine, α-chaconine, enzyme inhibitors (of cholinesterase, protease, amylase, etc.",
"), cyanide and cyanide precursors, oxalic acid, and more.",
"Depending on the concentration, such compounds may reduce the edibility, nutritional value, and health benefits of dietary vegetables.",
"Cooking and/or other processing may be necessary to eliminate or reduce them.",
"Diets containing recommended amounts of fruits and vegetables may help lower the risk of heart diseases and type 2 diabetes.",
"These diets may also protect against some cancers and decrease bone loss.",
"The potassium provided by both fruits and vegetables may help prevent the formation of kidney stones."
] |
[
0
] |
Equipment
|
What type of clothing do lifters usually wear?
|
Olympic weightlifting
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
3
] |
[
"Olympic weightlifting uses a steel bar with rotating sleeves (also known as a barbell) which hold rubber-coated discs of different weights.",
"The weight plates, typically referred to as \"bumper plates\" because of their rubber design, weigh between 0.5kg and 25kg.",
"These plates are secured to the bar using collars on each sleeve that weigh exactly 2.5kg each.",
"Lifters typically wear a one-piece, close-fitting leotard often called a singlet.",
"The wearing of a t-shirt underneath the singlet is optional.",
"A weightlifting belt of 120mm maximum width may also be worn to provide lower back support.",
"Perhaps the piece of equipment most peculiar to Olympic weightlifting are the shoes worn by lifters.",
"Weightlifting shoes are typically designed with a raised heel of 0.5\" to 1.5\" and one or two metatarsal straps that tighten across the instep of the shoe.",
"The shoes are designed for maximum stability while remaining flexible in the toebox.",
"This allows the lifter to come up on their toes and catch the weight on the ball of their back foot during the \"jerk\" movement of their lift.",
"The raised heel helps the lifter maintain an upright torso while catching the bar and also allows for a deeper squat under the bar."
] |
[
0
] |
Abstract
|
In what year was the anatomy lesson of Dr. Nicolaes created?
|
The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp
| true | 3ART
|
[
0
] |
[
"The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp is a 1632 oil painting on canvas by Rembrandt housed in the Mauritshuis museum in The Hague, the Netherlands.",
"Dr. Nicolaes Tulp is pictured explaining the musculature of the arm to medical professionals.",
"Some of the spectators are various doctors who paid commissions to be included in the painting.",
"The painting is signed in the top-left hand corner \"Rembrant.",
"f 1632\".",
"This may be the first instance of Rembrandt signing a painting with his forename (in its original form) as opposed to the monogramme \"RHL\" (Rembrant Harmenszoon of Leiden), and is thus a sign of his growing artistic confidence.",
"The event can be dated to 16 January 1632: the Amsterdam Guild of Surgeons, of which Tulp was official City Anatomist, permitted only one public dissection a year, and the body would have to be that of an executed criminal.",
"Anatomy lessons were a social event in the 17th century, taking place in lecture rooms that were actual theatres, with students, colleagues and the general public being permitted to attend on payment of an entrance fee.",
"The spectators are appropriately dressed for a solemn social occasion.",
"It is thought that the uppermost (not holding the paper) and farthest left figures were added to the picture later.",
"One person is missing: the Preparator, whose task it was to prepare the body for the lesson.",
"In the 17th century an important scientist such as Dr. Tulp would not be involved in menial and bloody work like dissection, and such tasks would be left to others.",
"It is for this reason that the picture shows no cutting instruments.",
"Instead we see in the lower right corner an enormous open textbook on anatomy, possibly the 1543 \"De humani corporis fabrica\" (\"Fabric of the Human Body\") by Andreas Vesalius.",
"Medical specialists have commented on the accuracy of muscles and tendons painted by the 26-year-old Rembrandt.",
"It is not known where he obtained such knowledge; it is possible that he copied the details from an anatomical textbook.",
"However, in 2006 Dutch researchers recreated the scene with a male cadaver, revealing several discrepancies of the exposed left forearm compared to that of a real corpse.",
"The surgically astute will notice that the origin of the exposed forearm muscles would seem to indicate that the flexor compartment originates at the lateral epicondyle, when it is, in fact, the medial epicondyle.",
"It is the common extensor origin that originates at the lateral epicondyle.",
"In a 2007 study, the American artist and anatomist David J. Jackowe and his colleagues demonstrated that the mysterious white cord that courses along the ulnar aspect of the cadaver's carpus and little finger, long thought to be either an ulnar nerve variant or artistic error, is most likely the tendon of an anomalous forearm muscle, the accessory abductor digiti minimi. "
] |
[
0
] |
Release
|
What award did the film win at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival?
|
The Square (2013 film)
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
3
] |
[
"",
"\"The Square\" premiered on January 18, 2013 at the 2013 Sundance Film Festival, where it won the Audience Award for World Cinema in the documentary category.",
"Due to the ongoing nature of the Egyptian Revolution, Noujaim updated the ending of the film over the summer of 2013.",
"The film was subsequently also named winner of the People's Choice Award in the documentary category at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival.",
"The production is done in the native languages of its cast, and is presented with English subtitles.",
"The film was released on Netflix and in exclusive locations across the United States on January 17, 2014, giving Netflix its first Oscar nomination.",
"The final version was modified to take political developments into the final version, as released on Netflix."
] |
[
0
] |
Awards and nominations
|
Which television show's record for most Emmy nominations of a comedy series did 30 Rock break in its second season?
|
30 Rock
| false | 1TV
|
[
10
] |
[
"Capping its critically successful first season, \"30 Rock\" won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series and Elaine Stritch was awarded an Emmy in September 2007 for her work as a guest actress in \"Hiatus\".",
"Tina Fey and Alec Baldwin were nominated in the Outstanding Lead Actress and Outstanding Lead Actor in a comedy series categories respectively.",
"\"Jack-Tor\" and \"Tracy Does Conan\" were both nominated in the category of Outstanding Writing for a Comedy Series.",
"\"30 Rock\" received four Creative Arts Emmy Awards.",
"Alec Baldwin received the Golden Globe Award for in 2007.",
"Baldwin also received the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Comedy Series in 2007.",
"The show also received various other guild award nominations during its first season.",
"In 2008, Tina Fey and Alec Baldwin both won Screen Actors Guild Awards.",
"The series took home the Writers Guild of America Award for Best Comedy Series in 2008.",
"It also received the Danny Thomas Producer of the Year Award in Episodic Series – Comedy from the Producers Guild of America in 2008.",
"\"30 Rock\" received 17 Emmy nominations, for its second season, meaning it was the second most nominated series of the year.",
"These 17 nominations broke the record for the most nominations for a comedy series, meaning that \"30 Rock\" was the most-nominated comedy series for any individual Emmy year.",
"The previous holder of this record was \"The Larry Sanders Show\" in 1996 with 16 nominations.",
"\"30 Rock\" also won the Television Critics Association Award for \"Outstanding Achievement in Comedy.",
"\"Also in 2008, \"30 Rock\" completed a sweep of the major awards for best comedy series at that year's Primetime Emmy Awards.",
"The show won Outstanding Comedy Series, Alec Baldwin was recognized as Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series, and Tina Fey was given the award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series.",
"This marks the eighth time in the history of the Emmy awards that a show won best series plus best lead actor and actress.",
"Tina Fey also won the award for Outstanding Writing in a Comedy Series for the episode \"Cooter\".",
"At the 2008 Golden Globe awards, \"30 Rock\" won the award for Best Television Series – Musical or Comedy, Alec Baldwin won Best Actor in a Television Musical or Comedy, and Tina Fey won Best Actress in a Television Musical or Comedy.",
"For the show's 2007 episodes, \"30 Rock\" received a Peabody Award at the 67th Annual Peabody Awards.",
"Upon announcing the award, the Peabody Board commended the show for being \"not only a great workplace comedy in the tradition of \"The Mary Tyler Moore Show\", complete with fresh, indelible secondary characters, but also a sly, gleeful satire of corporate media, especially the network that airs it\".",
"In 2009 \"30 Rock\" received a record-breaking 22 Primetime Emmy Award nominations and won five Emmy Awards, including Best Comedy Series and Best Actor in a Comedy Series (Alec Baldwin)."
] |
[] |
Public health and safety
|
How alife expectancy increased or decreased in South Korea since 1950?
|
South Korea
| false | 5COUNTRY
|
[
0
] |
[
"Although life expectancy has increased significantly since 1950, South Korea faces a number of important health-care issues.",
"Foremost is the impact of environmental pollution on an increasingly urbanized population.",
"According to the Ministry of Health and Welfare, chronic diseases account for the majority of diseases in South Korea, a condition exacerbated by the health care system's focus on treatment rather than prevention.",
"The incidence of chronic disease in South Korea hovers around 24 percent.",
"Approximately 33 percent of all adults smoke.",
"The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) rate of prevalence at the end of 2003 was less than 0.1 percent.",
"In 2001 central government expenditures on health care accounted for about 6 percent of gross domestic product (GDP).",
"The suicide rate in the nation was 26 per 100,000 in 2008, the highest in the industrialized world.",
"Young South Korean males were found to be the tallest in all of East Asia, resulting from healthy living conditions, economic development and changes in food culture.",
"Based on the Asia-Pacific Advisory Committee on Influenza (APACI), South Korea ranked the highest of influenza vaccination in Asia with 311 vaccines per 1,000 people.",
"South Korea has the highest suicide rate in the developed world."
] |
[
5
] |
Rafiki's Planet Watch
|
What area does Rafiki's Planet Watch connect to?
|
Disney's Animal Kingdom
| false | 2TRAVEL
|
[
0
] |
[
"Rafiki's Planet Watch is a section for young children and with families and the only section of the park not connected to Discovery Island, and is instead connected to Africa.",
"Guests board the List of track gauges narrow gauge Wildlife Express Train for the short trip to and from the area, which consists of three sub-areas.",
"Guests first encounter \"Habitat Habit!",
"\", where they can see cottontop tamarins and learn about the efforts to protect these endangered primates in their natural homes.",
"Along the way, guests can also learn how to provide animal habitats in and around their own homes.",
"\"Conservation Station\" showcases the various conservation efforts supported by the Walt Disney Company.",
"It also gives a behind-the-scenes glimpse into Disney's Animal Kingdom's animal care facilities, including a veterinary examination room complete with a two-way communications system so the veterinary staff can answer guest questions.",
"Outside, \"Affection Section\" is a petting zoo featuring goats, sheep and other domesticated animals.",
"Other animals seen are Ball Pythons, Blue-And-Yellow Macaws, Blue-Tongued Skink, Boa Constrictors, Butterflies, Central Bearded Dragons, Chinchillas, Chinchilla Rabbits, Citron-crested Cockatoos, Common Brushtail Possums, Corn Snakes, Costa Rica Zebra Tarantula, Death's Head Cockroach, Dexter Cattle, Dominique Chickens, Eleonora Cockatoos, Emperor Scorpions, Eclectus Parrots, Fennec Foxes, Ferrets, Giant African Millipedes, Golden Lion Tamarins, Gray Rat Snakes, Green Tree Pythons, Guinea Hogs, Gulf Coast Native Sheep, Hermit Crabs, Hyacinth Macaws, Kinkajous, Llamas, Madagascar Day Geckos, Madagascar Hissing Cockroaches, Madagascar Tree Boas, Nigerian Dwarf Goat, Nile Monitors, North American Donkeys, Opossums, Pygmy Goats, Rats, Rat Snakes, Red-And-Green Macaws, Red-Cockaded Woodpeckers, Red-Crested Turacos, Roughneck Monitor Lizards, San Clemente Island Goats, Savannah Monitors, Solomon Islands Skinks, Spectacled Owls, Striped Skunks, Tamanduas, Tarantulas, Tawny Frogmouths, Tawny Owls, Tenrecs, Tunis Sheep, Two-Toed Sloths, Uromastyx, Variable Hawks, and Vasa Parrots."
] |
[
0
] |
Health
|
What country has the oldest health care system?
|
Germany
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
0
] |
[
"Germany has the world's oldest universal health care system, dating back to Bismarck's social legislation in 1883.",
"He stressed the importance of three key principles; solidarity, the government is responsible to ensure access by those who are in need, subsidiarity, policies are implemented with smallest no political and administrative influence, and corporatism, the government representative bodies in health care professions deems feasible procedures.",
"Since then there have been many reforms and provisions to ensure a balanced health care system.",
"Currently the population is covered by a fairly comprehensive health insurance plan provided by statute.",
"Certain groups of people (lifetime officials, self-employed persons, employees with high income) can opt out of the plan and switch to a private insurance contract.",
"Previously, these groups could also choose to do without insurance, but this option was dropped in 2009.",
"According to the World Health Organization, Germany's health care system was 77% government-funded and 23% privately funded .",
"In 2005, Germany spent 11% of its GDP on health care.",
"Germany ranked 20th in the world in life expectancy with 77 years for men and 82 years for women, and it had a very low infant mortality rate (4 per 1,000 live births)., the principal cause of death was cardiovascular disease, at 41%, followed by malignant tumours, at 26%., about 82,000 Germans had been infected with HIV/AIDS and 26,000 had died from the disease (cumulatively, since 1982).",
"This article may incorporate text from this source, which is in the public domain.</ref>According to a 2005 survey, 27% of German adults are smokers."
] |
[
0
] |
History
|
What year did the Babenbergs aquired the Duchy of Styria?
|
Austria
| false | 5COUNTRY
|
[
10
] |
[
"Settled in ancient times, the Central European land that is now Austria was occupied in pre-Roman times by various Celtic tribes.",
"The Celtic kingdom of Noricum was later claimed by the Roman Empire and made a province.",
"Present day Petronell-Carnuntum in Eastern Austria was an important army camp turned capital city in what became known as the Upper Pannonia province.",
"Carnuntum was home for 50,000 people for nearly 400 years.",
"After the fall of the Roman Empire the area was invaded by Bavarians, Slavs and Avars.",
"Charlemagne conquered the area in AD 788, encouraged colonisation and introduced Christianity.",
"As part of Eastern Francia, the core areas that now encompass Austria were bequeathed to the house of Babenberg.",
"The area was known as the \"marchia Orientalis\" and was given to Leopold of Babenberg in 976.",
"The first record showing the name Austria is from 996, where it is written as \"Ostarrîchi\", referring to the territory of the Babenberg March.",
"In 1156 the Privilegium Minus elevated Austria to the status of a duchy.",
"In 1192, the Babenbergs also acquired the Duchy of Styria.",
"With the death of Frederick II in 1246, the line of the Babenbergs was extinguished.",
"As a result Ottokar II of Bohemia effectively assumed control of the duchies of Austria, Styria and Carinthia.",
"His reign came to an end with his defeat at Dürnkrut at the hands of Rudolph I of Germany in 1278.",
"Thereafter, until World War I, Austria's history was largely that of its ruling dynasty, the Habsburgs."
] |
[
0
] |
Composition and structure
|
What three chords does McCartney generally make use of?
|
Hey Jude
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
2
] |
[
"",
"\"Hey Jude\" begins with McCartney singing lead vocals and playing the piano.",
"The patterns McCartney plays are based on three chords: F, C, and B-flat (I, V and IV); the second verse adds accompaniment by guitar and a single tambourine.",
"The main chord progression is \"flipped on its head\" for the coda since the C chord is replaced by E-flat.",
"Author Tim Riley notes, \"As Ringo offers a restrained tom-tom and cymbal fill, the piano shifts downward to add a flat seventh to the tonic chord, making the downbeat of the bridge the point of arrival ('And any time you feel the \"pain\"').\"",
"At the end of each bridge, McCartney sings a brief phrase (\"Na-na-na na ...\") and plays a piano fill which leads to the next verse; the phrase McCartney sings serves to \"reorient the harmony for the verse as the piano figure turns upside down into a vocal aside.\"",
"Additional details, such as tambourine on the third verse and subtle harmonies that accompany the lead vocal, are added to sustain the interest of the listener throughout the four-verse, two-bridge song.",
"The verse-bridge structure of the song persists for approximately three minutes, after which the band leads into a four-minute-long coda.",
"During the coda, the rest of the band, backed by an orchestra that also provides backing vocals, repeats the phrase \"Na-na-na na\" followed by the words \"hey Jude\" until the song gradually fades out.",
"\"Time\" magazine described the coda as \"a fadeout that engagingly spoofs the fadeout as a gimmick for ending pop records.\"",
"Riley notes the repeated chord progression of the coda (I-VII-IV-I) \"answers all the musical questions raised at the beginnings and ends of bridges,\" for \"The flat seventh that pose dominant turns into bridges now has an entire chord built on it.\"",
"This three-chord refrain allows McCartney \"a bedding ... to leap about on vocally\", so he ad-libs his vocal performance for the rest of the song.",
"Riley concludes that the song \"becomes a tour of Paul's vocal range: from the graceful inviting tones of the opening verse, through the mounting excitement of the song itself, to the surging raves of the coda.\""
] |
[
0
] |
Sport
|
How long are pools for FINA events?
|
Human swimming
| true | 4SPORT
|
[
3
] |
[
"Swimming as a sport predominantly involves competition among participants to be the fastest over a given distance under self propulsion.",
"Different distances are swum in different levels of competition.",
"For example, swimming has been part of Olympic Swimming since 1896, and the current program contains events from 50m to 1500m in length, across all four main strokes and medley.",
"The sport is governed internationally by the Fédération Internationale de Natation (FINA), and competition pools for FINA events are 25 or 50 metres in length.",
"In the United States of America, USA Swimming is the governing body and a pool 25 yards in length is commonly used for competition.",
"There are other swimming and water related sporting disciplines including diving, synchronised swimming and water polo, as well as sports which include a swimming element, such as triathlon and modern pentathlon."
] |
[
5
] |
Captain Moreton's Eglinton Castle
|
What is the name of the booklet that is is the earliest known reference to croquet in Scotland?
|
Croquet
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
0
] |
[
"The earliest known reference to croquet in Scotland is the booklet \"The Game of Croquet, its Laws and Regulations\" which was published in the mid-1860s for the proprietor of Eglinton Castle, the Earl of Eglinton.",
"On the page facing the title page is a picture of Eglinton Castle with a game of \"croquet\" in full swing.",
"The croquet lawn existed on the northern terrace, between Eglinton Castle and the Lugton Water.",
"The 13th Earl developed a variation on croquet named Captain Moreton's Eglinton Castle croquet, which had small bells on the eight hoops \"to ring the changes\", two pegs, a double hoop with a bell and two tunnels for the ball to pass through.",
"In 1865 the 'Rules of the Eglinton Castle and Cassiobury Croquet' was published by Edmund Routledge.",
"Several incomplete sets of this form of croquet are known to exist, and one complete set is still used for demonstration games in the West of Scotland.",
"It is not known why the earl named the game thus."
] |
[
0
] |
Members of Congress
|
In the movie The Invisible War, what state is congressman Mike Turner from?
|
The Invisible War
| true | 6MOVIES
|
[
2
] |
[
" Chellie Pingree, (D, Maine)",
" Louise Slaughter (D, New York)",
" Mike Turner (R, Ohio)",
" Loretta Sanchez (D, California)",
" Jackie Speier (D, California)",
" Ted Poe (R, Texas)",
" Susan Davis, (D, California)",
" Niki Tsongas, (D, Massachusetts)"
] |
[
0
] |
Health benefits
|
How many ounces of juice should kids drink a day?
|
Juice
| true | 9FOOD
|
[
16
] |
[
"Juices are often consumed for their perceived health benefits.",
"For example, orange juice is rich in vitamin C, folic acid, potassium, is an excellent source of bioavailable antioxidant phytochemicals and significantly improves blood lipid profiles in people affected with hypercholesterolemia.",
"Prune juice is associated with a digestive health benefit.",
"Cranberry juice has long been known to help prevent or even treat bladder infections, and it is now known that a substance in cranberries prevents bacteria from binding to the bladder.",
"Many fruit juices have a higher sugar (fructose) content than sweetened soft drinks; e.g., typical grape juice has 50% more sugar than Coca-Cola.",
"While soft drinks (e.g.",
"Coca-Cola) cause oxidative stress when ingested and may even lead to insulin resistance in the long term, the same thing cannot be attributed to fruit juices.",
"On the contrary, fruit juices are actually known for their ability to raise serum antioxidant capacity and even offset the oxidative stress and inflammation normally caused by high-fat and high-sugar meals.",
"Fruit juice consumption overall in Europe, Australia, New Zealand and the US has increased in recent years, probably due to public perception of juices as a healthy natural source of nutrients and increased public interest in health issues.",
"Indeed, fruit juice intake has been consistently associated with reduced risk of many cancer types, might be protective against stroke and delay the onset of Alzheimer's disease.",
"The perception of commercial fruit juice as equal in health benefit to fresh fruit has been questioned, mainly because it lacks fiber and has often been highly processed.",
"High-fructose corn syrup, an ingredient of many juice cocktails, has been linked to the increased incidence of type II diabetes.",
"High consumption of juice is also linked to weight gain in some studies, but not in others.",
"In a controlled clinical study, regular consumption of grape juice for 12 weeks did not cause any weight gain in volunteers, but consumption of a soft drink did.",
"Fruit juice in moderate amounts can help children and adults meet daily recommendations for fruit consumption, nutrient intake and calories.",
"The American Academy of Pediatrics says that fruit juice should not be given to infants before 6 months of age.",
"For children ages 1 to 6, intake of fruit juice should be limited to 4 to 6 ounces per day (about a half to three-quarters of a cup).",
"Giving children excessive juice can lead to poor nutrition, diarrhea, gas, abdominal pain, bloating, and tooth decay."
] |
[
5
] |
Soup
|
What does miso ramen broth taste like?
|
Ramen
| true | 9FOOD
|
[
18
] |
[
"Ramen soup is generally made from stock based on chicken or pork, combined with a variety of ingredients such as kombu (kelp), katsuobushi (skipjack tuna flakes), niboshi (dried baby sardines), beef bones, shiitake, and onions, and then flavored with salt, miso, or soy sauce.",
"Other styles that have emerged later on include curry ramen and other flavors.",
"The resulting combination is generally divided into four categories (although new and original variations often make this categorisation less clear-cut):",
" Shio (\"salt\") ramen is probably the oldest of the four and is a pale, clear, yellowish broth made with plenty of salt and any combination of chicken, vegetables, fish, and seaweed.",
"Occasionally pork bones are also used, but they are not boiled as long as they are for \"tonkotsu\" ramen, so the soup remains light and clear.",
"Chāshū is sometimes swapped for lean chicken meatballs, and pickled plums and kamaboko (a slice of processed fish roll sometimes served as a frilly white circle with a pink or red spiral called narutomaki) are popular toppings as well.",
"Noodle texture and thickness varies among \"shio\" ramen, but they are usually straight rather than curly.",
" (豚骨, \"pork bone\"; not to be confused with tonkatsu) ramen usually has a cloudy white colored broth.",
"It is similar to the Chinese \"baitang\" (白湯) and has a thick broth made from boiling pork bones, fat, and collagen over high heat for many hours, which suffuses the broth with a hearty pork flavor and a creamy consistency that rivals milk, melted butter or gravy (depending on the shop).",
"Most shops, but not all, blend this pork broth with a small amount of chicken and vegetable stock and/or soy sauce.",
"The noodles are thin and straight, and it is often served with beni shoga (pickled ginger).",
"In recent years the latest trend in \"tonkotsu\" toppings is \"māyu\" (sesame oil), a blackish, aromatic oil made from either charred crushed garlic or Sesame seeds.",
"It is a specialty of Kyushu, particularly Hakata-ku, Fukuoka (hence sometimes called \"Hakata ramen\").",
"Shōyu (\"soy sauce\") ramen typically has a clear brown broth, based on a chicken and vegetable (or sometimes fish or beef) stock with plenty of soy sauce added resulting in a soup that is tangy, salty, and savory yet still fairly light on the palate.",
"Shōyu ramen usually has curly noodles rather than straight ones, but this is not always the case.",
"It is often adorned with marinated bamboo shoots or \"menma\", green onions, \"kamaboko\" (fish cakes), \"nori\" (seaweed), boiled eggs, bean sprouts and/or black pepper; occasionally the soup will also contain chili oil or Chinese spices, and some shops serve sliced beef instead of the usual chāshū.",
" Miso ramen is a relative newcomer, having reached national prominence around 1965.",
"This uniquely Japanese ramen, which was developed in Hokkaido, features a broth that combines copious amounts of miso and is blended with oily chicken or fish broth – and sometimes with \"tonkotsu\" or lard – to create a thick, nutty, slightly sweet and very hearty soup.",
"Miso ramen broth tends to have a robust, tangy flavor, so it stands up to a variety of flavorful toppings: spicy bean paste or \"tōbanjan\" (豆瓣醤), butter and corn, leeks, onions, bean sprouts, ground pork, cabbage, sesame seeds, white pepper, and chopped garlic are common.",
"The noodles are typically thick, curly, and slightly chewy.",
"Seasonings commonly added to ramen are black pepper, butter, chili pepper, sesame seeds, and crushed garlic.",
"Soup recipes and methods of preparation tend to be closely guarded secrets.",
"Some restaurants also offer a system known as \"kae-dama\" (替え玉), where customers who have finished their noodles can request a \"refill\" (for a few hundred yen more) to be put into their remaining soup."
] |
[
0
] |
Stonehenge 3 IV (2280 BC to 1930 BC)
|
Which phase saw rearrangement of the bluestones?
|
Stonehenge
| false | 2TRAVEL
|
[
0
] |
[
" 3 IV (2280 BC to 1930 BC).",
"This phase saw further rearrangement of the bluestones.",
"They were arranged in a circle between the two rings of sarsens and in an oval at the centre of the inner ring.",
"Some archaeologists argue that some of these bluestones were from a second group brought from Wales.",
"All the stones formed well-spaced uprights without any of the linking lintels inferred in Stonehenge 3 III.",
"The Altar Stone may have been moved within the oval at this time and re-erected vertically.",
"Although this would seem the most impressive phase of work, Stonehenge 3 IV was rather shabbily built compared to its immediate predecessors, as the newly re-installed bluestones were not well-founded and began to fall over.",
"However, only minor changes were made after this phase."
] |
[] |
The United Nations Development Programme
|
What organization works in Cernobyl-affected areas in Ukraine?
|
Chernobyl disaster
| true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
3
] |
[
"The United Nations Development Programme has launched in 2003 a specific project called the Chernobyl Recovery and Development Programme (CRDP) for the recovery of the affected areas.",
"The programme was initiated in February 2002 based on the recommendations in the report on Human Consequences of the Chernobyl Nuclear Accident.",
"The main goal of the CRDP's activities is supporting the Government of Ukraine in mitigating long-term social, economic, and ecological consequences of the Chernobyl catastrophe.",
"CRDP works in the four most Chernobyl-affected areas in Ukraine: Kyivska, Zhytomyrska, Chernihivska and Rivnenska."
] |
[
0
] |
Cast
|
Arbor is portrayed by which person?
|
The Selfish Giant (2013 film)
| true | 6MOVIES
|
[
0
] |
[
" Conner Chapman as Arbor",
" Shaun Thomas as Swifty",
" Sean Gilder as Kitten",
" Lorraine Ashbourne as Mary",
" Ian Burfield as Mick Brazil",
" Steve Evets as Price Drop Swift",
" Siobhan Finneran as Mrs. Swift",
" Ralph Ineson as Johnny Jones",
" Rebecca Manley as Michelle 'Shelly' Fenton",
" Rhys McCoy as Daniel",
" Elliott Tittensor as Martin Fenton",
" Kayle Stephens as chip & pin driver"
] |
[] |
Reception
|
what award did lord of the rings win in 2009
|
The Lord of the Rings
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
19
] |
[
"While early reviews for The Lord of the Rings were mixed, reviews in various media have been, on the whole, highly positive and acknowledge Tolkien's literary achievement as a significant one.",
"On its initial review the \"Sunday Telegraph\" felt it was \"among the greatest works of imaginative fiction of the twentieth century.\"",
"The \"Sunday Times\" seemed to echo these sentiments when in its review it was stated that \"the English-speaking world is divided into those who have read \"The Lord of the Rings\" and \"The Hobbit\" and those who are going to read them.\"",
"The \"New York Herald Tribune\" also seemed to have an idea of how popular the books would become, writing in its review that they were \"destined to outlast our time.\"",
"W. H. Auden, an admirer of Tolkien's writings, regarded \"The Lord of the Rings\" as a \"masterpiece\", further stating that in some cases it outdid the achievement of John Milton's \"Paradise Lost\".",
"\"New York Times\" reviewer Judith Shulevitz criticized the \"pedantry\" of Tolkien's literary style, saying that he \"formulated a high-minded belief in the importance of his mission as a literary preservationist, which turns out to be death to literature itself.\"",
"Critic Richard Jenkyns, writing in \"The New Republic\", criticized the work for a lack of psychological depth.",
"Both the characters and the work itself are, according to Jenkyns, \"anemic, and lacking in fibre.\"",
"Even within Tolkien's literary group, The Inklings, reviews were mixed.",
"Hugo Dyson complained loudly at its readings.",
"However, another Inkling, C. S. Lewis, had very different feelings, writing, \"here are beauties which pierce like swords or burn like cold iron.",
"Here is a book which will break your heart.\"",
"Despite these reviews and its lack of paperback printing until the 1960s, \"The Lord of the Rings\" initially sold well in hardback.",
"In 1957, \"The Lord of the Rings\" was awarded the International Fantasy Award.",
"Despite its numerous detractors, the publication of the Ace Books and Ballantine paperbacks helped \"The Lord of the Rings\" become immensely popular in the United States in the 1960s.",
"The book has remained so ever since, ranking as one of the most popular works of fiction of the twentieth century, judged by both sales and reader surveys.",
"In the 2003 \"Big Read\" survey conducted in Britain by the BBC, \"The Lord of the Rings\" was found to be the \"Nation's best-loved book.\"",
"In similar 2004 polls both Germany and Australia also found \"The Lord of the Rings\" to be their favourite book.",
"In a 1999 poll of Amazon.com customers, \"The Lord of the Rings\" was judged to be their favourite \"book of the millennium.\"",
"\"The Lord of the Rings\" was awarded the Prometheus Hall of Fame Award in 2009."
] |
[
0
] |
Hollywood Boulevard
|
What parades march down Hollywood Boulevard, also where is the Disney Hollywood Studios entrance?
|
Disney's Hollywood Studios
| true | 2TRAVEL
|
[
0,
1
] |
[
"Hollywood Boulevard serves as the park's main entrance and is lined with themed streetscape facades and venues selling Disney merchandise and park services.",
"Parades such as the Pixar Block Party Bash travel down Hollywood Boulevard on their route through the park, and live street entertainment can be found here throughout the day.",
"Michael Eisner, who had a major part in the park's creation ever since the earliest development, demanded the opening land operate on the same principle as Main Street, U.S.A. but in a style more fitting to the Studios.",
"At the far end of Hollywood Boulevard stands the Sorcerer's Hat, the park's landmark icon.",
"Behind the structure, resides a replica landmark building of the The Chinese Theater which houses the The Great Movie Ride, a dark ride paying homage to several classic films, including \"Singing in the Rain\", \"The Wizard of Oz\" and \"Raiders of the Lost Ark\".",
"Within proximity to Hollywood Boulevard, near the entrance of Animation Courtyard, resides The Hollywood Brown Derby restaurant, a themed replica of the original Brown Derby restaurant in Hollywood, California."
] |
[
4,
0
] |
Accolades
|
How many Golden Globe Awards was "Zero Dark Thirty" nominated for?
|
Zero Dark Thirty
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
4
] |
[
"",
"\"Zero Dark Thirty\" was nominated for five Academy Awards at the 85th Academy Awards, including Best Picture,Best Actress, Best Original Screenplay, Best Sound Editing and Best Film Editing.",
"Paul N. J. Ottosson won the Academy Award for Best Sound Editing, tying with \"Skyfall\".",
"This was only the sixth tie in Academy Awards history, and the first since 1994.",
"\"Zero Dark Thirty\" was nominated for four Golden Globe Awards at the 70th Golden Globe Awards, including Best Motion Picture – Drama, Best Director, Best Screenplay, with Chastain winning Best Actress – Motion Picture Drama.",
"The Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association's award for Best Director was given to Bigelow, the second time the honor has gone to a woman (the first also being Bigelow for \"The Hurt Locker\").",
"The film swept critics groups' awards for Best Director and Best Picture including the Washington D.C., New York Film Critics Online, Chicago and Boston film critics associations."
] |
[
5
] |
Abstract
|
Who was the star of 1985's "Teen Wolf" film?
|
Teen Wolf
| true | 1TV
|
[
0
] |
[
"Teen Wolf is a 1985 American fantasy comedy film released by Atlantic Releasing Corporation starring Michael J.",
"Fox as Scott Howard, a high school student who discovers that his family has an unusual pedigree when he finds himself transforming into a werewolf.",
"The film was directed by Rod Daniel based on a script co-written by Joseph Loeb III, Matthew Weisman, and Tim Hayes."
] |
[
3
] |
Origins
|
What century did "tug of war" get its name?
|
Tug of war
| true | 4SPORT
|
[
13
] |
[
"The origins of tug of war are uncertain, but it is beyond dispute that this once royal sport was practised in ancient Egypt, Greece and China, where it was held in legend that the Sun and Moon played Tug of War over the light and darkness.",
"It is also widely believed the sport was made popular in Great Britain by Lord Elliott Simpson, in the 16th Century.",
"Simpson was a keen tugger.",
"According to a Tang dynasty book, The Notes of Feng, tug of war, under the name \"hook pulling\"(牵钩), was used by the military commander of the State of Chu during the Spring and Autumn Period (8th century BC to 5th century BC) to train warriors.",
"During the Tang dynasty, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang promoted large-scale tug of war games, using ropes of up to 167 meters or (547.9 feet) with shorter ropes attached and more than 500 people on each end of the rope.",
"Each side also had its own team of drummers to encourage the participants.",
"In ancient Greece the sport was called \"helkustinda\" (Greek: ἑλκυστίνδα), \"efelkustinda\" (ἐφελκυστίνδα) and \"dielkustinda\" (διελκυστίνδα), which derives from \"dielkō\" (διέλκω), meaning amongst others \"I pull through\", all deriving from the verb \"helkō\" (ἕλκω), \"I draw, I pull\".",
"\"Helkustinda\" and \"efelkustinda\" seem to have been ordinary versions of tug of war, while \"dielkustinda\" had no rope, according to Julius Pollux.",
"It is possible that the teams held hands when pulling, which would have increased difficulty, since handgrips are more difficult to sustain than a grip of a rope.",
"Tug of war games in ancient Greece were among the most popular games used for strength and would help build strength needed for battle in full armor.",
"Archeological evidence shows that tug of war was also popular in India in 12th century AD:Tug of war stories about heroic champions from Scandinavia and Germany circulate Western Europe where Viking warriors pull animal skins over open pits of fire in tests of strength and endurance in preparation for battle and plunder.1500 and 1600 – tug of war is popularised during tournaments in French châteaux gardens and later in Great Britain1800 – tug of war begins a new tradition among seafaring men who were required to tug on lines to adjust sails while ships were under way and even in battle.",
"The Mohave Indians occasionally used tug-of-war matches as means of settling disputes.",
"The \"Oxford English Dictionary\" says that the phrase \"tug of war\" originally meant \"the decisive contest; the real struggle or tussle; a severe contest for supremacy\".",
"Only in the 19th century was it used as a term for an athletic contest between two teams who haul at the opposite ends of a rope."
] |
[
0
] |
Influence
|
Who did Van Gogh admit that he didn't have children to?
|
Vincent van Gogh
| false | 3ART
|
[
0
] |
[
"In his final letter to Theo, Van Gogh admitted that as he did not have any children, he viewed his paintings as his progeny.",
"Reflecting on this, the historian Simon Schama concluded that he \"did have a child of course, Expressionism, and many, many heirs.\"",
"Schama mentioned many artists who have adapted elements of Van Gogh's style, including Willem de Kooning, Howard Hodgkin and Jackson Pollock.",
"The Fauves extended both his use of color and freedom in application, as did German Expressionists of the Die Brücke group, and as other early modernists.",
"Abstract Expressionism of the 1940s and 1950s is seen as in part inspired from Van Gogh's broad, gestural brush strokes.",
"In the words of art critic Sue Hubbard: \"At the beginning of the twentieth century Van Gogh gave the Expressionists a new painterly language that enabled them to go beyond surface appearance and penetrate deeper essential truths.",
"It is no coincidence that at this very moment Freud was also mining the depths of that essentially modern domain – the subconscious.",
"This beautiful and intelligent exhibition places Van Gogh where he firmly belongs; as the trailblazer of modern art.",
"\"In 1957, Francis Bacon (1909–1992) based a series of paintings on reproductions of Van Gogh's \"The Painter on the Road to Tarascon\", the original of which was destroyed during World War II.",
"Bacon was inspired by not only an image he described as \"haunting\", but also Van Gogh himself, whom Bacon regarded as an alienated outsider, a position which resonated with Bacon.",
"The Irish artist further identified with Van Gogh's theories of art and quoted lines written in a letter to Theo, \"painters do not paint things as they are...",
"They paint them as \"they themselves\" feel them to be.\"",
"An exhibition devoted to Vincent van Gogh's letters took place in the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam from October 2009 to January 2010 and then moved to the Royal Academy in London from late January to April.",
"The Van Gogh Museum hosted an exhibition \"Van Gogh at Work\" featuring 200 paintings and drawings, 150 of them by van Gogh and others including Paul Gauguin and Émile Bernard; from May 1, 2013 until January 12, 2014. "
] |
[
3
] |
Jackie
|
At what age did Jackie Bassett get married?
|
Up Series
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
1
] |
[
"Jackie Bassett was one of three girls who were chosen from the same primary school as Lynn and Sue, in a working-class neighbourhood of London (East).",
"She eventually went to a comprehensive school and married at age 19.",
"Jackie went through several different jobs, divorced, remarried and moved to Scotland, divorced again and raised her 3 sons as a single parent.",
"As of 56 Up she's been on disability for 14 years, and is very close to her second mother in law who's been recently diagnosed with terminal cancer.",
"Her family remains close and lives near each other in Scotland."
] |
[
0
] |
Abstract
|
What is another commonly mistaken term for "primary structure"?
|
Nucleic acid sequence
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
9
] |
[
"A nucleic acid sequence is a succession of letters that indicate the order of nucleotides within a DNA (using GACT) or RNA (GACU) molecule.",
"By convention, sequences are usually presented from the 5' end to the 3' end.",
"Because nucleic acids are normally linear (unbranched) polymers, specifying the sequence is equivalent to defining the covalent structure of the entire molecule.",
"For this reason, the nucleic acid sequence is also termed the primary structure.",
"The sequence has capacity to represent information.",
"Biological DNA represents the information which directs the functions of a living thing.",
"In that context, the term genetic sequence is often used.",
"Sequences can be read from the biological raw material through DNA sequencing methods.",
"Nucleic acids also have a secondary structure and tertiary structure.",
"Primary structure is sometimes mistakenly referred to as \"primary sequence\".",
"Conversely, there is no parallel concept of secondary or tertiary sequence."
] |
[
0
] |
Training
|
Luge is played during which season?
|
Luge
| true | 4SPORT
|
[
12
] |
[
"The sport of luge requires an athlete to balance mental and physical fitness.",
"To become an elite luger, a competitor must begin training at an early age and spend decades honing their skills.",
"Physically, a luger must have strong neck, upper body, abdominal, and thigh muscles.",
"Strength training is essential to withstand the extreme G-forces of tight turns at high speeds.",
"Since lugers have very little protection other than a visor and helmet, they must be able to endure the physical pounding administered by the track when mistakes are made.",
"Mentally a luger must maintain total focus as they steer their sled through more than a kilometer of curves and straights at high speed.",
"Dozens of subtle movements and weight shifts are required to find the perfect line down the track.",
"Consistency is essential for success.",
"Sled maintenance is also an important element for success.",
"Serious lugers spend hours meticulously sanding their \"steels,\" and making other important adjustments and repairs to their sleds.",
"No luger can possibly achieve elite status without working closely with an experienced coaching staff, implementing suggestions and fine tuning technique.",
"Other lugers will often give tips that can improve a slider's ability to find the \"sweet spot\" on the track.",
"Though luge is a winter sport, it requires daily, year-round training."
] |
[] |
History
|
It was believed that the celestial region was made of a fundamentally different kind of matter, who thought it was made of Aether?
|
Astrophysics
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
2,
3
] |
[
"Although astronomy is as ancient as recorded history itself, it was long separated from the study of terrestrial physics.",
"In the Aristotelian worldview, bodies in the sky appeared to be unchanging spheres whose only motion was uniform motion in a circle, while the earthly world was the realm which underwent growth and decay and in which natural motion was in a straight line and ended when the moving object reached its goal.",
"Consequently, it was held that the celestial region was made of a fundamentally different kind of matter from that found in the terrestrial sphere; either Fire as maintained by Plato, or Aether as maintained by Aristotle.",
"In the 17th century, natural philosophers such as Galileo, Descartes, and Newton began to maintain that the celestial and terrestrial regions were made of similar kinds of material and were subject to the same natural laws.",
"At the end of the 19th century, it was discovered that, when decomposing the light from the Sun, a multitude of spectral lines were observed (regions where there was less or no light).",
"Laboratory experiments with hot gases showed that the same lines could be observed in the spectra of known gases, specific lines corresponding to unique chemical elements.",
"In this way it was proved that the chemical elements found in the Sun and stars (chiefly hydrogen) were also found on Earth.",
"Indeed, the element helium was first discovered in the spectrum of the Sun and only later found on Earth, hence its name.",
"During the 20th century, spectroscopy (the study of these spectral lines) advanced, particularly as a result of the advent of quantum physics that was necessary to understand the astronomical and experimental observations.",
"See also:",
" Timeline of knowledge about galaxies, clusters of galaxies, and large-scale structure",
" Timeline of white dwarfs, neutron stars, and supernovae",
" Timeline of black hole physics",
" Timeline of gravitational physics and relativity"
] |
[
3
] |
Etymology
|
How do you say lasagne in Greek?
|
Lasagne
| true | 9FOOD
|
[
1
] |
[
"In the Ancient Rome, there was a dish similar to the lasagne called \"lasana\" or \"lasanum\" (Latin word for \"container\", \"pot\") described in the book \"L'arte culinaria\" by Marcus Gavius Apicius, but the word could have a more ancient origin.",
"The first theory is that \"lasagne\" comes from Greek λάγανον (\"laganon\"), a flat sheet of pasta dough cut into strips.",
"The word λαγάνα (\"lagana\") is still used in Greek to mean a flat thin type of unleavened bread.",
"Another theory is that the word lasagne comes from the Greek λάσανα (\"lasana\") or λάσανον (\"lasanon\") meaning \"trivet or stand for a pot\", \"chamber pot\".",
"The Romans borrowed the word as \"lasanum\", meaning \"cooking pot\" in Latin.",
"The Italians used the word to refer to the dish in which lasagne is made.",
"Later the name of the food took on the name of the serving dish.",
"A third theory proposed that the dish is a development of the 14th century English recipe \"Loseyn\" as described in \"The Forme of Cury\", a cook book in use during the reign of Richard II.",
"This has similarities to modern lasagne in both its recipe, which features a layering of ingredients between pasta sheets, and its name.",
"An important difference is the lack of tomatoes, which did not arrive in Europe until after Columbus reached America in 1492.",
"The earliest discussion of the tomato in European literature appeared in a herbal written in 1544 by Pietro Andrea Mattioli while the earliest discovered cookbook with tomato recipes was published in Naples in 1692, though the author had apparently obtained these recipes from Spanish sources.",
"As with most other types of pasta, the word is a plural form, \"lasagne\" meaning more than one sheet of \"lasagna\"."
] |
[
5
] |
History
|
Before the Romans, who occupied Austria?
|
Austria
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
0
] |
[
"Settled in ancient times, the Central European land that is now Austria was occupied in pre-Roman times by various Celtic tribes.",
"The Celtic kingdom of Noricum was later claimed by the Roman Empire and made a province.",
"Present day Petronell-Carnuntum in Eastern Austria was an important army camp turned capital city in what became known as the Upper Pannonia province.",
"Carnuntum was home for 50,000 people for nearly 400 years.",
"After the fall of the Roman Empire the area was invaded by Bavarians, Slavs and Avars.",
"Charlemagne conquered the area in AD 788, encouraged colonisation and introduced Christianity.",
"As part of Eastern Francia, the core areas that now encompass Austria were bequeathed to the house of Babenberg.",
"The area was known as the \"marchia Orientalis\" and was given to Leopold of Babenberg in 976.",
"The first record showing the name Austria is from 996, where it is written as \"Ostarrîchi\", referring to the territory of the Babenberg March.",
"In 1156 the Privilegium Minus elevated Austria to the status of a duchy.",
"In 1192, the Babenbergs also acquired the Duchy of Styria.",
"With the death of Frederick II in 1246, the line of the Babenbergs was extinguished.",
"As a result Ottokar II of Bohemia effectively assumed control of the duchies of Austria, Styria and Carinthia.",
"His reign came to an end with his defeat at Dürnkrut at the hands of Rudolph I of Germany in 1278.",
"Thereafter, until World War I, Austria's history was largely that of its ruling dynasty, the Habsburgs."
] |
[
3
] |
Abstract
|
Who first released the Christmas song "Jingle Bell Rock"?
|
Jingle Bell Rock
| false | 0MUSIC
|
[
0
] |
[
"\"Jingle Bell Rock\" is a popular Christmas song first released by Bobby Helms in 1958.",
"It has received frequent airplay in the United States during every Christmas time since then.",
"\"Jingle Bell Rock\" was composed by Joseph Carleton Beal (1900–1967), and James Ross Boothe (1917–1976).",
"Beal was a Massachusetts-born public relations man and longtime resident of South Ocean Avenue in Atlantic City, New Jersey, and Boothe was a Texan writer in the advertising business."
] |
[
3
] |
Abstract
|
Where was Sexy and I Know It played?
|
Sexy and I Know It
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
7
] |
[
"\"Sexy and I Know It\" is a song by American duo LMFAO from their second studio album, \"Sorry for Party Rocking\".",
"It was released as the third single from the album on 16 September 2011.",
"The song was written by Stefan Kendal Gordy, GoonRock, Erin Beck, George M. Robertson and Kenneth Oliver, and it was produced by Party Rock.",
"It went to number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 on January 7, 2012 and remained there for two weeks.",
"The song became LMFAO's second number one hit (after \"Party Rock Anthem\") on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 in the United States, making them the first duo to have two successive number-one singles since OutKast's \"Hey Ya!\"",
"(2003) and \"The Way You Move\" (2004).",
"The song also reached number one in Australia, Canada and New Zealand, and charted within the top 10 in nearly every country in which it charted.",
"The song was featured in the season 5, episode 12 of \"Gossip Girl\".",
"and in the \"Glee\" episode, \"The Spanish Teacher\"."
] |
[
4
] |
Soviet Union centre – one-party democracy
|
What date was Yeltsin removed from the First Secretary of the Moscow Community party position?
|
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
22
] |
[
"Soviet Union centre – one-party democracy.",
"At the 28–30 January 1987 Central Committee Plenum Mikhail Gorbachev suggested a new policy of 'democratization' throughout Soviet society.",
"Specifically he suggested that future Communist Party elections should offer a choice between multiple candidates, elected by secret ballot, however the CPSU delegates at the Plenum watered down Gorbachev's words and democratic choice within the Communist Party was never significantly implemented.",
"In addition Gorbachev radically expanded the scope of Glasnost stating that no subject was off limits for open discussion within the media, although the cautious intelligensia took almost a year to begin pushing the boundaries to see if he meant what he said.",
"For the first time, the Communist Party leader, speaking at the Plenum of the Central Committee, appealed over the heads of its members for the people's support in exchange for a dramatic expansion of liberties.",
"The tactic proved successful in that within two years political reform was invulnerable to the party 'conservatives', the unintended consequence was that having saved reform, the January 1987 choice, ultimately killed the very system it was designed to save.",
"On 7 February 1987 dozens of political prisoners were freed in the first group release since the Khrushchev years in the 1950s.",
"On May 6, 1987 Pamyat, a Russian Nationalist group, held an unsanctioned demonstration in Moscow.",
"The authorities not only did not break up the demonstration by force—but later, the police kept traffic out of the demonstrators' way while they marched to an impromptu meeting with Boris Yeltsin, head of the Moscow Communist Party, and at that time one of Mikhail Gorbachev's closest allies in the ruling Politburo.",
"On July 25, 1987 a group of 300 Crimean Tatars, calling for the right to return to the Crimean homeland from which they were deported in 1944, staged a noisy demonstration for several hours near the Kremlin Wall as dozens of police and soldiers looked on.",
"On 10 September 1987, after a lecture from hard-liner Yegor Ligachev at the Politburo for allowing two small unsanctioned demonstrations on Moscow streets, Boris Yeltsin wrote a letter of resignation to Gorbachev who was holidaying on the Black Sea.",
"When Gorbachev received the letter he was stunned – nobody in Soviet history had voluntarily resigned from the ranks of the Politburo.",
"At the October 27, 1987 plenary meeting of the Central Committee of the CPSU, Yeltsin, frustrated that Gorbachev had not addressed any of the issues outlined in his resignation letter asked to speak.",
"He expressed his discontent with both the slow pace of reform in society, the servility shown to the General Secretary, and opposition to him from Ligachev making his position untenable, before requesting to resign from the Politburo.",
"This was sensational.",
"Besides the fact that nobody had ever quit the Politburo, no one in the party had ever had the audacity to address a leader of the party in such a manner in front of the Central Committee since Leon Trotsky in the 1920s.",
"In his reply, Gorbachev accused Yeltsin of \"political immaturity\" and \"absolute irresponsibility\".",
"Nobody in the Central Committee backed Yeltsin.",
"Within days news of Yeltsin's actions leaked and rumours of his 'secret speech' at the Central Committee spread throughout Moscow.",
"Soon fabricated \"samizdat\" versions began to circulate.",
"This was the beginning of Yeltsin's re-branding as a rebel and he continued to grow in popularity as an anti-establishment figure.",
"The next four years of political struggle between Yeltsin and Gorbachev was a major factor in the destruction of the Soviet Union.",
"On November 11, 1987 Yeltsin was fired from the post of First Secretary of the Moscow Communist Party."
] |
[
0
] |
In religion
|
Shellfish and eels cannot be eaten according to what?
|
Seafood
| true | 9FOOD
|
[
1
] |
[
"For the most part Islamic dietary laws allow the eating of seafood, though the Hanbali forbid eels, the Shafi forbid frogs and crocodiles, and the Hanafi forbid bottom feeders such as shellfish and carp.",
"The Jewish laws of Kashrut forbid the eating of shellfish and eels.",
"According to the King James version of the bible, it is alright to eat finfish, but shellfish and eels are an abomination and should not be eaten.",
"Since early times, the Catholic church has forbidden the practice of eating meat, eggs and dairy products at certain times.",
"Thomas Aquinas argued that these \"afford greater pleasure as food fish, and greater nourishment to the human body, so that from their consumption there results a greater surplus available for seminal matter, which when abundant becomes a great incentive to lust.\"",
"In the United States, the Catholic practice of abstaining from meat on Fridays has popularized the Friday fish fry, and parishes often sponsor a fish fry during Lent.",
"In predominantly Roman Catholic areas, restaurants may adjust their menus during Lent by adding seafood items to the menu."
] |
[
0
] |
Beefsteak
|
Are tender cuts from the chuck or round are cooked with moist heat?
|
Steak
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
1
] |
[
"The more tender cuts of beef, from the loin and rib, are cooked quickly, using dry heat, and served whole.",
"Less tender cuts from the chuck or round are cooked with moist heat or are mechanically tenderized (\"e.g.\"",
"cube steak).",
"Steak can be cooked to a level of very rare (bleu, a cold raw center), rare, medium rare, medium, medium well done, or well done.",
"Beef, unlike certain other meats, does not need to be cooked through.",
"Food-borne human illnesses are not normally found within a beef steak, though surfaces can potentially be contaminated from handling, and thus, very rare steak (seared on the outside and raw within) is generally accepted as safe."
] |
[] |
Potentials
|
There are five best-known potentials, what are they?
|
Thermodynamics
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
4
] |
[
"Thermodynamic potentials are different quantitative measures of the stored energy in a system.",
"Potentials are used to measure energy changes in systems as they evolve from an initial state to a final state.",
"The potential used depends on the constraints of the system, such as constant temperature or pressure.",
"For example, the Helmholtz and Gibbs energies are the energies available in a system to do useful work when the temperature and volume or the pressure and temperature are fixed, respectively.",
"The five most well known potentials are:where formula_1 is the temperature, formula_2 the entropy, formula_3 the pressure, formula_4 the volume, formula_5 the chemical potential, formula_6 the number of particles in the system, and formula_7 is the count of particles types in the system.",
"Thermodynamic potentials can be derived from the energy balance equation applied to a thermodynamic system.",
"Other thermodynamic potentials can also be obtained through Legendre transformation."
] |
[
0
] |
Planned film
|
When did Jon Favreau and Walt Disney Pictures release a film about a family visiting the park?
|
Magic Kingdom
| true | 2TRAVEL
|
[
0
] |
[
"In 2010, director Jon Favreau and Walt Disney Pictures had a plan to produce and release a film concerning a family at Disneyland which finds the theme park characters and attractions coming to life.",
"Favreau, who said \"the Disney iconography was probably the first set of archetypes that I was exposed to\" and that Disney movies and attractions \"made a deep impression on me as a child\", noted that, \"When I first heard about the ['Magic Kingdom' film] project, I was on my way to visit Disneyland with my family.",
"I took notes and had no problem filling a book with all the ideas that this concept offered, even on first blush.",
"\"Marc Abraham and Eric Newman of Strike Entertainment were scheduled to produce the film.",
"Writer-producer Ronald D. Moore had previously written an original script for the project, which the studio eventually declined to use, stating that Favreau and a new screenwriter would develop a new script.",
"On June 20, 2011, novelist Michael Chabon signed on to write the film's script."
] |
[
2
] |
Abstract
|
How many bicycles are there worldwide?
|
Cycling
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
3
] |
[
"Cycling, also called bicycling or biking, is the use of bicycles for transport, recreation, or for sport.",
"Persons engaged in cycling are referred to as \"cyclists\", \"bikers\", or less commonly, as \"bicyclists\".",
"Apart from two-wheeled bicycles, \"cycling\" also includes the riding of unicycles, tricycles, quadracycles, and similar human-powered vehicles (HPVs).",
"Bicycles were introduced in the 19th century and now number about one billion worldwide.",
"They are the principal means of transportation in many parts of the world.",
"Cycling is widely regarded as a very effective and efficient mode of transportation optimal for short to moderate distances.",
"Bicycles provide numerous benefits by comparison with motor vehicles, including the sustained physical exercise necessarily involved in cycling, that cycling involves a reduced consumption of fossil fuels, less air or noise pollution, much reduced traffic congestion, easier parking, greater maneuverability, and access to both roads and paths.",
"The advantages also include reduced financial cost to the user as well as to society at large (negligible damage to roads, less road area required).",
"Among the disadvantages of cycling are the inherent instability of the bicycle, the immensely reduced protection in crashes (especially in collisions with motor vehicles), longer travel time (except in densely populated areas), vulnerability to weather conditions, difficulty in transporting passengers, competition (and interference) with socially beneficial forms of mass public transit, a persistent tendency for cyclists to intrude into pedestrian areas, and the particular levels of skill and fitness required by cycling."
] |
[
5
] |
Reception
|
For how long does "Free Bird"'s triple guitar solo last?
|
Free Bird
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
4
] |
[
"",
"\"Free Bird\" is included in The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll, and at number 193 in Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.",
"In 2009 it was named the 26th best hard rock song of all time by VH1.",
"The song—half ballad, half up-tempo guitar solo—quickly became a staple for Lynyrd Skynyrd at their live performances.",
"Many recognize its 5:12 triple guitar solo section that closes it out.",
"It often turned into an extended jam session at concerts.",
"The band would consistently play it as the last song of every show, as it was their biggest crowd pleaser.",
"Overall the song proved to be a huge hit for Lynyrd Skynyrd and it remains a fan favorite to this day.",
"It is also a classic rock radio staple.",
"Following the plane crash in 1977 in which several band members were killed, all of the songs played by surviving members were performed as instrumentals beginning with the Charlie Daniels Volunteer Jam V in 1979.",
"When \"Free Bird\" came up, a solitary microphone with a single spotlight would be at center stage while the band played the instrumental version.",
"This tradition lasted until 1989, when an almost-rioting audience coerced Rossington to urge Johnny Van Zant to sing the song for the first time – something he had vowed never to do on stage during the Tribute Tour.",
"The current version has a shortened solo similar to the original studio version."
] |
[
5
] |
Ethical issues of cloning
|
What could therapeutic cloning potentially create?
|
Cloning
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
3
] |
[
"In bioethics, the ethics of cloning' refers to a variety of ethical positions regarding the practice and possibilities of cloning, especially human cloning.",
"While many of these views are religious in origin, the questions raised by cloning are faced by secular perspectives as well.",
"Perspectives on human cloning are theoretical, as human therapeutic and reproductive cloning are not commercially used; animals are currently cloned in laboratories and in livestock production.",
"Advocates support development of therapeutic cloning in order to generate tissues and whole organs to treat patients who otherwise cannot obtain transplants, to avoid the need for immunosuppressive drugs, and to stave off the effects of aging.",
"Advocates for reproductive cloning believe that parents who cannot otherwise procreate should have access to the technology.",
"Opponents of cloning have concerns that technology is not yet developed enough to be safe, that it could be prone to abuse (leading to the generation of humans from whom organs and tissues would be harvested), and have concerns about how cloned individuals could integrate with families and with society at large.",
"Religious groups are divided, with some opposing the technology as usurping God's place and, to the extent embryos are used, destroying a human life; others support therapeutic cloning's potential life-saving benefits.",
"Cloning of animals is opposed by animal-groups due to the number of cloned animals that suffer from malformations before they die, and while food from cloned animals has been approved by the US FDA, its use is opposed by groups concerned about food safety."
] |
[
0
] |
Safety
|
What percentage of competitors are injured?
|
Taekwondo
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
1
] |
[
"Although taekwondo competitors have an apparently substantial risk of injury, most injuries are minor.",
"A 2009 meta-analysis reported that an average of about 8% of competitors are injured per exposure to competition.",
"Age, gender, and level of play did not significantly affect the injury rate.",
"The legs are the most common location for injuries, and bruising is the most common injury type.",
"Injuries may occur if students are taught to block punches in a formal manner (chamber position, perfect angles, etc.)",
"even when sparring.",
"When comparing the speed of a punch and the reaction time taken to block effectively, it is difficult to block a punch.",
"Many taekwondo schools teach students blocking for grading and classwork, and dodging or parrying for sparring."
] |
[
0
] |
Events
|
What was the first Soviet city to receive the title of 'Hero City'?
|
Operation Barbarossa
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
21
] |
[
"Looking back near the end of the war, as Germany's inevitable and impending defeat loomed ever closer, Hitler attributed great blame to Mussolini's Greek fiasco as the cause of his own subsequent catastrophe.",
"Shirer argues that the fatal decision of the operation was the postponement from the original date of 15 May because Hitler wanted to intervene against an anti-German coup in Yugoslavia and Greek advances against Italy's occupation of Albania.",
"As an explanation of Germany's calamitous defeat in the Soviet Union, this had little to commend it.",
"But, although the diversion of German resources into Greece just prior to the attack on the Soviet Union scarcely helped the latter enterprise, Mussolini's foolishness did not undermine 'Barbarossa' before the operation started.",
"During the campaign, Hitler ordered the main thrust toward Moscow to be diverted southward to help the Southern Army Group capture Ukraine.",
"This move delayed the assault on the Soviet capital, though it also helped secure Army Group Center's southern flank.",
"By the time they turned to Moscow, the Red Army's fierce resistance, the mud following the autumn rains and, eventually, snow, brought their advance to a halt.",
"In addition, resistance by the Soviets, who proclaimed a \"Great Patriotic War\" in defense of the motherland, was much more fierce than the German command had expected.",
"The border fortress of Brest, Belarus illustrates that tenacity: attacked on the very first day of the German invasion, the fortress was expected to fall within hours, but held out over a week.",
"(Soviet propaganda later asserted it held out for six weeks).",
"German logistics also became a major problem, as supply lines grew very long and vulnerable to partisan attacks in the rear.",
"The Soviets also carried out a scorched earth policy on some of the land they were forced to abandon in order to deny the Germans food, fuel and buildings.",
"Despite the setbacks, the German advance continued, often destroying or surrounding whole armies of Soviet troops and forcing them to surrender.",
"The battle for Kiev was especially brutal.",
"On 19 September, Army Group South seized control of Kiev, and took 665,000 prisoners.",
"Kiev was later awarded the title Hero City for its defense.",
"Army Group North, which was to conquer the Baltic countries and eventually Leningrad, reached the southern outskirts of Leningrad by August 1941.",
"There, fierce Soviet resistance stopped it.",
"Since capturing the city seemed too costly, German command decided to starve the city to death by blockade, starting the Siege of Leningrad.",
"The city held out, despite several attempts by the Germans to break through its defenses, unrelenting air and artillery attacks, and severe shortages of food and fuel, until the Germans were driven back from the city's approaches in early 1944.",
"The siege resulted in the deaths of some one million of the city's inhabitants.",
"Leningrad was the first Soviet city to receive the title of 'Hero City'.",
"In addition to the main attacks of \"Barbarossa\", German forces occupied the Finnish district of Petsamo in order to secure its important nickel mines.",
"They also launched a series of attacks against Murmansk beginning on 28 June 1941, known as Operation Silberfuchs."
] |
[
0
] |
Geology
|
What number of unique types of bedrock exist in Manhattan?
|
Central Park
| true | 2TRAVEL
|
[
0
] |
[
"There are four different types of bedrock in Manhattan.",
"In Central Park, Manhattan schist and Hartland schist, which are both metamorphosed sedimentary rock, are exposed in various outcroppings.",
"The other two types, Fordham gneiss (an older deeper layer) and Inwood marble (metamorphosed limestone which overlays the gneiss), do not surface in the park.",
"Fordham gneiss, which consists of metamorphosed igneous rocks, was formed a billion years ago, during what is known as the Grenville orogeny that occurred during the creation of an ancient super-continent.",
"It is the oldest rock in the Canadian Shield, the most ancient part of the North American tectonic plate.",
"Manhattan schist and Hartland schist were formed in the Iapetus Ocean during the Taconic orogeny in the Paleozoic era, about 450 million years ago.",
"During this period the tectonic plates began to move toward each other, which resulted in the creation of the supercontinent, Pangaea.",
"Cameron's Line is a fault zone that traverses Central Park on an east-west axis.",
"Various glaciers have covered the area of Central Park in the past, with the most recent being the Wisconsin glacier which receded about 12,000 years ago.",
"Evidence of past glaciers are visible throughout the park in the form of \"glacial erratics\" (large boulders dropped by the receding glacier) and north-south glacial striations visible on stone outcroppings."
] |
[
0
] |
Canned version
|
What is included in the ramen packets sold from vending machines?
|
Ramen
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
2
] |
[
"In Akihabara, vending machines distribute warm ramen in a steel can, known as .",
"It is produced by a popular ramen restaurant and contains noodles, soup, menma, and pork.",
"It is intended as a quick snack, and includes a small folded plastic fork.",
"There are few kinds of flavor such as \"tonkotsu\" and curry."
] |
[
0
] |
Scoring
|
In golf, what is another name for a hole in one?
|
Golf
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
2
] |
[
"In every form of play, the goal is to play as few strokes per round as possible.",
"A golfer's score is usually expressed as the difference between the player's number of strokes and the par score.",
"A hole in one (or an \"ace\") occurs when a golfer sinks his ball into the cup with his first stroke from the tee.",
"Common scores for a hole also have specific terms."
] |
[
0
] |
International Space Station (1993–present)
|
What is the highest number of people occupying the ISS at on time?
|
NASA
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
18
] |
[
"International Space Station (1993–present).",
"The International Space Station (ISS) combines NASA's \"Space Station Freedom\" project with the Soviet/Russian \"Mir-2\" station, the European \"Columbus\" station, and the Japanese Kibō laboratory module.",
"NASA originally planned in the 1980s to develop \"Freedom\" alone, but US budget constraints led to the merger of these projects into a single multi-national program in 1993, managed by NASA, the Russian Federal Space Agency (RKA), the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), the European Space Agency (ESA), and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA).",
"The station consists of pressurized modules, external trusses, solar arrays and other components, which have been launched by Russian Proton and Soyuz rockets, and the US Space Shuttles.",
"It is currently being assembled in Low Earth Orbit.",
"The on-orbit assembly began in 1998, the completion of the US Orbital Segment occurred in 2011 and the completion of the Russian Orbital Segment is expected by 2016.",
"The ownership and use of the space station is established in intergovernmental treaties and agreements which divide the station into two areas and allow Russia to retain full ownership of the Russian Orbital Segment (with the exception of Zarya), with the US Orbital Segment allocated between the other international partners.",
"Long duration missions to the ISS are referred to as ISS Expeditions.",
"Expedition crew members typically spend approximately six months on the ISS.",
"The initial expedition crew size was three, temporarily decreased to two following the Columbia disaster.",
"Since May 2009, expedition crew size has been six crew members.",
"Crew size is expected to be increased to seven, the number the ISS was designed for, once the Commercial Crew Program becomes operational.",
"The ISS has been continuously occupied for the past , having exceeded the previous record held by Mir; and has been visited by astronauts and cosmonauts from 15 different nations.",
"The station can be seen from the Earth with the naked eye and, , is the largest artificial satellite in Earth orbit with a mass and volume greater than that of any previous space station.",
"The Soyuz spacecraft delivers crew members, stays docked for their half-year long missions and then returns them home.",
"Several uncrewed cargo spacecraft service the ISS, they are the Russian Progress spacecraft which has done so since 2000, the European Automated Transfer Vehicle (ATV) since 2008, the Japanese H-II Transfer Vehicle (HTV) since 2009, the American Dragon spacecraft since 2012 and the American Cygnus spacecraft since 2013.",
"The Space Shuttle, before its retirement, was also used for cargo transfer and would often switch out expedition crew members, although it did not have the capability to remain docked for the duration of their stay.",
"Until another US manned spacecraft is ready, crew members will travel to and from the International Space Station exclusively aboard the Soyuz.",
"The highest number of people occupying the ISS has been thirteen; this occurred three times during the late Shuttle ISS assembly missions.",
"The ISS program is expected to continue until at least 2020 but may be extended until 2028 or possibly beyond that."
] |
[
0
] |
Mercury
|
What does Mercury have that's large and made of iron?
|
Solar System
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
3
] |
[
" Mercury (0.4 AU from the Sun) is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest planet in the Solar System (0.055 Earth masses).",
"Mercury has no natural satellites, and its only known geological features besides impact craters are lobed ridges or rupes, probably produced by a period of contraction early in its history.",
"Mercury's almost negligible atmosphere consists of atoms blasted off its surface by the solar wind.",
"Its relatively large iron core and thin mantle have not yet been adequately explained.",
"Hypotheses include that its outer layers were stripped off by a giant impact; or, that it was prevented from fully accreting by the young Sun's energy."
] |
[
0
] |
American side
|
What kinds of building in Niagara Falls were opened by the Seneca Indian Tribe?
|
Niagara Falls
| true | 2TRAVEL
|
[
8
] |
[
"From the U.S. side, the American Falls can be viewed from walkways along Prospect Point Park, which also features the Prospect Point Park observation tower and a boat dock for the \"Maid of the Mist\".",
"Goat Island offers more views of the falls and is accessible by foot and automobile traffic by bridge above the American Falls.",
"From Goat Island, the Cave of the Winds is accessible by elevator and leads hikers to a point beneath Bridal Veil Falls.",
"Also on Goat Island are the Three Sisters Islands, the Power Portal where a huge statue of Nikola Tesla (the inventor whose patents for the AC induction motor and other devices for AC power transmission helped make the harnessing of the falls possible) can be seen, and a walking path that enables views of the rapids, the Niagara River, the gorge, and all of the falls.",
"Most of these attractions lie within the Niagara Falls State Park.",
"The Niagara Scenic Trolley offers guided trips along the American Falls and around Goat Island.",
"Panoramic and aerial views of the falls can also be viewed from the Flight of Angels helium balloon ride, or by helicopter.",
"The Niagara Gorge Discovery Center showcases the natural and local history of Niagara Falls and the Niagara Gorge.",
"A casino and luxury hotel was opened in Niagara Falls, New York, by the Seneca Indian tribe.",
"The Seneca Niagara Casino occupies the former Niagara Falls Convention Center.",
"The new hotel is the first addition to the city's skyline since completion of the United Office Building in the twenties."
] |
[
0
] |
Dress
|
What is the name of the ankle length garment traditionally woven from wool or cotton worn by men in saudia arabia?
|
Saudi Arabia
| false | 5COUNTRY
|
[
2
] |
[
"Saudi Arabian dress strictly follows the principles of hijab (the Islamic principle of modesty, especially in dress).",
"The predominantly loose and flowing, but covering, garments are suited to Saudi Arabia's desert climate.",
"Traditionally, men usually wear an ankle length garment woven from wool or cotton (known as a thawb), with a keffiyeh (a large checkered square of cotton held in place by an agal) or a ghutra (a plain white square made of finer cotton, also held in place by an agal) worn on the head.",
"For rare chilly days, Saudi men wear a camel-hair cloak (bisht) over the top.",
"Women's clothes are decorated with tribal motifs, coins, sequins, metallic thread, and appliques.",
"Women are required to wear an abaya or modest clothing when in public.",
" Ghutrah () is a traditional headdress typically worn by Arab men.",
"It is made of a square of cloth (\"scarf\"), usually cotton, folded and wrapped in various styles around the head.",
"It is commonly worn in areas with an arid climate, to provide protection from direct sun exposure, and also protection of the mouth and eyes from blown dust and sand.",
" Agal () is an item of Arab headgear constructed of cord which is fastened around the Ghutrah to hold it in place.",
"The \"agal\" is usually black in colour.",
" Thawb () is the standard Arabic word for garment.",
"It is ankle length, usually with long sleeves similar to a robe.",
" Bisht () is a traditional Arabic men's cloak usually only worn for prestige on special occasions such as weddings.",
" Abaya () is a women's garment.",
"It is a black cloak which loosely covers the entire body except the head.",
"Some women choose to cover their faces with a niqāb and some do not.",
"Some Abayas cover the top of the head as well."
] |
[
0
] |
Critical reception
|
How were the initial reviews in Criminal Minds?
|
Criminal Minds
| true | 1TV
|
[
0,
1,
2
] |
[
"Critical reception.",
"The premiere episode was met with mixed reviews, receiving a score of 42 out of 100 on aggregate review site Metacritic, indicating \"mixed or average\" reviews.",
"Dorothy Rabinowitz said, in her review for the \"Wall Street Journal\", that \"From the evidence of the first few episodes, \"Criminal Minds\" may be a hit, and deservedly\" and gave particular praise to both Matthew Gray Gubler and Mandy Patinkin's performance.",
"\"The New York Times\" was less than positive, saying \"The problem with \"Criminal Minds\" is its many confusing maladies, applied to too many characters\" and felt that \"as a result, the cast seems like a spilled trunk of broken toys, with which the audience - and perhaps the creators - may quickly become bored.",
"\"\"The Chicago Tribune\" reviewer, Sid Smith, felt that the show \"May well be worth a look\" though he too criticized the \"confusing plots and characters.",
"\"\"PopMatters\" panned the show, saying the show \"confuses critical thinking with supernatural abilities\" and criticized the \"stereotypical characters\".",
"The \"Los Angeles Times\" gave a similar review.",
"However, both reviewers praised Patinkin and Gubler's performances."
] |
[
5
] |
Etymology
|
What is the name of a dish similar, but smaller than lasagne?
|
Lasagne
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
0
] |
[
"In the Ancient Rome, there was a dish similar to the lasagne called \"lasana\" or \"lasanum\" (Latin word for \"container\", \"pot\") described in the book \"L'arte culinaria\" by Marcus Gavius Apicius, but the word could have a more ancient origin.",
"The first theory is that \"lasagne\" comes from Greek λάγανον (\"laganon\"), a flat sheet of pasta dough cut into strips.",
"The word λαγάνα (\"lagana\") is still used in Greek to mean a flat thin type of unleavened bread.",
"Another theory is that the word lasagne comes from the Greek λάσανα (\"lasana\") or λάσανον (\"lasanon\") meaning \"trivet or stand for a pot\", \"chamber pot\".",
"The Romans borrowed the word as \"lasanum\", meaning \"cooking pot\" in Latin.",
"The Italians used the word to refer to the dish in which lasagne is made.",
"Later the name of the food took on the name of the serving dish.",
"A third theory proposed that the dish is a development of the 14th century English recipe \"Loseyn\" as described in \"The Forme of Cury\", a cook book in use during the reign of Richard II.",
"This has similarities to modern lasagne in both its recipe, which features a layering of ingredients between pasta sheets, and its name.",
"An important difference is the lack of tomatoes, which did not arrive in Europe until after Columbus reached America in 1492.",
"The earliest discussion of the tomato in European literature appeared in a herbal written in 1544 by Pietro Andrea Mattioli while the earliest discovered cookbook with tomato recipes was published in Naples in 1692, though the author had apparently obtained these recipes from Spanish sources.",
"As with most other types of pasta, the word is a plural form, \"lasagne\" meaning more than one sheet of \"lasagna\"."
] |
[
0
] |
Music
|
When would the soundtrack album of "Fruitvale Station" be released?
|
Fruitvale Station
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
6
] |
[
"The musical score to \"Fruitvale Station\" was composed by Ludwig Göransson.",
"Also a USC graduate, Göransson said of the scoring process: \"Ryan and I talked a lot about how sound design was going to have a huge role in the movie and very early on I got sent the actual sound recordings of the Bart Train.",
"I manipulated the train sound and made it almost feel like a dark ambient synth sound and I used it almost throughout the whole Bart platform scene.",
"The other element in the score is lots of layered and manipulated guitars sounding almost like haunting pads.\"",
"Coogler added: \"One thing that we always wanted to be conscious of with the score, was to make sure that it always felt organic.",
"A lot of the film would play without score, so Ludwig made sure that whenever we brought score in came out of sounds in the environment.\"",
"A soundtrack album, \"Fruitvale Station – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack\", was be released digitally on September 24, 2013 and on CD October 15, 2013 through Lakeshore Records."
] |
[
2
] |
Parliament
|
How many members make up the unicameral Parliament of Finland?
|
Finland
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
0
] |
[
"The 200-member unicameral Parliament of Finland exercises supreme legislative authority.",
"It may alter the constitution and ordinary laws, dismiss the cabinet, and override presidential vetoes.",
"Its acts are not subject to judicial review; the constitutionality of new laws is assessed by the parliament's constitutional law committee.",
"The parliament is elected for a term of four years using the proportional D'Hondt method within a number of multi-seat constituencies through open list multi-member districts.",
"Various parliament committees listen to experts and prepare legislation.",
"The speaker is currently Eero Heinäluoma (Social Democrats).",
"Since universal suffrage was introduced in 1906, the parliament has been dominated by the Centre Party (former Agrarian Union), the National Coalition Party (conservatives), and the Social Democrats.",
"These parties have enjoyed approximately equal support, and their combined vote has totalled about 65–80% of all votes.",
"Their lowest common total of MPs, 121, was reached in the 2011 elections.",
"For a few decades after 1944, the Communists were a strong fourth party.",
"Due to the electoral system of proportional representation, and the relative reluctance of voters to switch their support between parties, the relative strengths of the parties have commonly varied only slightly from one election to another.",
"However, there have been some long-term trends, such as the rise and fall of the Communists during the Cold War; the steady decline into insignificance of the Liberal party and its predecessors from 1906 to about 1980; and the rise of the Green party and its predecessor since 1983.",
"In the 2011 elections, the True Finns achieved exceptional success, increasing its representation from 5 to 39 seats, and thus surpassing the Centre Party.",
"The autonomous province of Åland, which forms a federacy with Finland, elects one member to the parliament, who traditionally joins the parliamentary group of the Swedish People's Party of Finland.",
"(The province also holds elections for its own permanent regional council, and in the 2011 elections, Åland Centre was the largest party.",
")The Parliament can be dissolved by a recommendation of the Prime minister endorsed by the President.",
"This procedure has never been used, although the parliament was dissolved several times under the pre-2000 constitution, when this action was the sole prerogative of the president.",
"After the parliamentary elections on 17 April 2011, the seats were divided among eight parties as follows:"
] |
[
5
] |
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