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Name
|
Around what episode was the term 'foofs' brought into use?
|
NCIS (TV series)
| true | 1TV
|
[
7
] |
[
"Prior to the launch of the first season, advertisements on CBS identified the show as \"Naval CIS\".",
"By the time of the launch of the first episode, \"NCIS\" was airing under the name \"Navy NCIS\", the name it held for the entire first season.",
"Since the \"N\" in NCIS stands for \"Naval\", the name \"Navy NCIS\" was redundant.",
"The decision to use this name was reportedly made by CBS, over the objections of Bellisario, in order to:",
" Attract new viewers (particularly those of \"JAG\"), who might not know the NCIS abbreviation.",
" Disambiguate between NCIS and the similarly themed and similarly spelled CBS series \"\" and its spinoffs.",
"(The original title, for instance, was often misquoted and parodied as \"Navy CSI\", something the show itself referenced in the first episode).",
"From the season two episode, \"Lt. Jane Doe\" onwards, the series began using what fans of the show have named 'foofs' – black-and-white 'teases' of something to occur later in the episode.",
"In the season three premiere, \"Kill Ari (Part I)\", the foofs had the freeze-frame shot added as well."
] |
[
0
] |
Politics
|
What form of government does Ireland have?
|
Republic of Ireland
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
0
] |
[
"Ireland is a constitutional republic with a parliamentary system of government.",
"The is the bicameral national parliament composed of the President of Ireland and the two Houses of the Oireachtas:The President serves as head of state, and is elected for a seven-year term and may be re-elected once.",
"The President is primarily a figurehead, but is entrusted with certain constitutional powers with the advice of the Council of State.",
"The office has absolute discretion in some areas, such as referring a bill to the Supreme Court for a judgement on its constitutionality.",
"Michael D. Higgins became the ninth President of Ireland on 11 November 2011.",
"The serves as the head of government and is appointed by the President upon the nomination of the .",
"Most \"\" have served as the leader of the political party that gains the most seats in national elections.",
"It has become customary for coalitions to form a government, as there has not been a single-party government since 1989.",
"Enda Kenny assumed the office of Taoiseach on 9 March 2011.",
"The is composed of sixty members, with eleven nominated by the , six elected by two universities, and 43 elected by public representatives from panels of candidates established on a vocational basis.",
"The has 166 members () elected to represent multi-seat constituencies under the system of proportional representation and by means of the single transferable vote.",
"The Government is constitutionally limited to fifteen members.",
"No more than two members can be selected from the , and the , (deputy prime minister) and Minister for Finance must be members of the .",
"The Dáil must be dissolved within five years after its first meeting following the previous election, and a general election for members of the Dáil must take place no later than thirty days after the dissolution.",
"According to the Constitution of Ireland, parliamentary elections must be held at least every seven years, though a lower limit may be set by statute law.",
"The current government is a coalition administration led by with Enda Kenny as , supported by the Labour Party with Eamon Gilmore as .",
"Opposition parties in the current are Fianna Fáil, Sinn Féin, the Socialist Party, the PBPA, the WUAG, as well as a number of Independents.",
"Ireland has been a member state of the European Union since 1973, but has chosen to remain outside the Schengen Area.",
"Citizens of the United Kingdom can freely enter the country without a passport due to the Common Travel Area, which is a passport-free zone comprising the islands of Ireland, Great Britain, the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands.",
"However, some identification is required at airports and seaports."
] |
[
0
] |
Curry in South Africa and a few other
|
Where is "Bunny Chow" popular?
|
Curry
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
7
] |
[
" in South Africa and a few other.",
"African curries, Cape Malay curries and Natal curries including the Traditional Natal Curry, the Durban curry, the Bunny chow and Roti Rolls.",
"The history of South African curries go back as far as 250 years ago when the first Indians arrived on the shores of the Natal Colony, well before the boom of British Curries.",
"Durban has the largest single population of Indians outside of India and as a result have been developing traditional Natal curries ever since.",
"Natal curries are mostly based on South Indian dishes and mostly consist of simple spiced lamb and chicken dishes (with large amounts of ghee and oils) to very complex and elaborate seafood, chicken and lamb specialities (the chicken and prawn curry is a Natal favourite).",
"European recipes have also evolved alongside Indian South African curries.",
"European versions use mainly traditional recipes with the addition of red wine, milk, cream, vanilla or butter instead of ghee.",
"The famous Bunny chow, a South African standard, has spread in popularity throughout the country, into other southern African countries and countries with large South African immigrant populations.",
"It consists of either lamb, chicken or bean curry poured into a tunnelled out loaf of bread to be eaten with one's fingers.",
"The roti roll is another classic take-away curry that could either be a curry in a very flat roti bread (similar to a kebab bread) or the classic \"Chip, cheese and curry\" roll which basically consists of fried chips with melted cheese and the gravy of your favourite curry rolled into a roti roll.",
" Fiji, Samoa, and Tonga: Generally known as \"kare\" or \"kale,\" the spice is a popular ingredient in curried lamb, mutton, and chicken stew.",
"Often prepared with coconut milk and accompanied by rice or taro.",
" Ethiopia: Wat, a thick, heavily spiced stew.",
" Germany: Currywurst.",
" Central Africa: Groundnut stew, though not technically a curry, is a similar style",
" Central Europe: Goulash is a spicy stew or soup usually made with paprika, garlic, potatoes, beef or pork and dill.",
"Not served with rice.",
" Mexico: Mole, which also originally meant sauce, features different regional variations and combinations of chilies, spices, and chocolate.",
"Curry powder is used as an incidental ingredient in other cuisines, including for example a \"curry sauce\" (\"sauce au curry\", sometimes even \"au cari\") variation of the classic French béchamel."
] |
[
4
] |
Health issues
|
How many hours of equestrian experience has shown a significant decline in risk of injury?
|
Equestrianism
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
10
] |
[
"Handling, riding, and driving horses has a number of health risks.",
"Riding has some inherent risks, as when mounted, the rider's head may be up to from the ground, and the horse may travel at a speed of up to .",
"The injuries observed range from very minor injuries to fatalities.",
"A recent study in Germany reported that the relative risk of injury from riding a horse, compared to riding a bicycle, was 9 times higher for adolescents and 5.6 times higher for younger children, but that riding a horse was less risky than riding a moped.",
"In Victoria, Australia, a search of state records found that equestrian sports had the third highest incidence of serious injury, after motor sports and power boating.",
"In Greece, an analysis of a national registry estimated the incidence of equestrian injury to be 21 per 100,000 person-years for farming and equestrian sports combined, and 160 times higher for horse racing personnel.",
"Other findings were that use of spurs may contribute to ankle fractures and dislocations, and helmets likely prevent traumatic brain injuries.",
"In the United States each year an estimated 30 million people ride horses, resulting in 50,000 emergency room visits (1 visit per 600 riders per year).",
"A survey of 679 equestrians in Oregon, Washington, and Idaho estimated that at some time in their equestrian career one in five will be seriously injured, resulting in hospitalization, surgery, or long-term disability.",
"Among survey respondents, novice equestrians had an incidence of any injury that was threefold over intermediates, fivefold over advanced equestrians, and nearly eightfold over professionals.",
"Approximately 100 hours of experience are required to achieve a substantial decline in the risk of injury.",
"The survey authors conclude that efforts to prevent equestrian injury should focus on novice equestrians."
] |
[
5
] |
Initial causes of temperature changes (external forcings)
|
How long does an orbital cycle take?
|
Global warming
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
4
] |
[
"Initial causes of temperature changes (external forcings).",
"The climate system can respond to changes in \"external forcings.\"",
"External forcings can \"push\" the climate in the direction of warming or cooling.",
"Examples of external forcings include changes in atmospheric composition (e.g., increased concentrations of greenhouse gases), solar luminosity, volcanic eruptions, and variations in Earth's orbit around the Sun.",
"Orbital cycles vary slowly over tens of thousands of years and at present are in an overall cooling trend which would be expected to lead towards an ice age, but the 20th century instrumental temperature record shows a sudden rise in global temperatures."
] |
[
5
] |
Origins
|
What was the occupation of the person who asked a question about bringing together five felons?
|
The Usual Suspects
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
6
] |
[
"Bryan Singer met Kevin Spacey at a party after a screening of the young filmmaker's first film, \"Public Access\", at the 1993 Sundance Film Festival.",
"Spacey had been encouraged by a number of people he knew who had seen it, and was so impressed that he told Singer and McQuarrie that he wanted to be in whatever film they did next.",
"Singer read a column in \"Spy\" magazine called \"The Usual Suspects\" after Claude Rains' line in \"Casablanca.\"",
"Singer thought that it would be a good title for a film.",
"When asked by a reporter at Sundance what their next film was about, McQuarrie replied, \"I guess it's about a bunch of criminals who meet in a police line-up,\" which incidentally was the first visual idea that he and Singer had for the poster: \"five guys who meet in a line-up,\" Singer remembers.",
"The director also envisioned a tagline for the poster, \"All of you can go to Hell.\"",
"Singer then asked the question, \"What would possibly bring these five felons together in one line-up?\"",
"McQuarrie revamped an idea from one of his own unpublished screenplays — the story of a man who murders his own family and walks away, disappearing from view.",
"The writer mixed this with the idea of a team of criminals.Söze's character is based on the accounts of John List, a New Jersey accountant who murdered his family in 1971 and then disappeared for almost two decades, assuming a new identity before he was ultimately apprehended.",
"McQuarrie based the name of Keyser Söze on one of his previous supervisors, Keyser Sume, at a Los Angeles law firm that he worked for, but decided to change the last name because he thought that his former boss would object to how it was used.",
"He found the word \"söze\" in his roommate's English-to-Turkish dictionary, which translates as \"talk too much.\"",
"All the characters' names are taken from staff members of the law firm at the time of his employment.",
"McQuarrie had also worked for a detective agency, and this influenced the depiction of criminals and law enforcement officials in the script.",
"Singer described the film as \"Double Indemnity\" meets \"Rashomon,\" and said that it was made \"so you can go back and see all sorts of things you didn't realize were there the first time.",
"You can get it a second time in a way you never could have the first time around.\"",
"He also compared the film's structure to \"Citizen Kane\" (which also contained an interrogator and a subject who is telling a story) and the criminal caper \"The Anderson Tapes.\""
] |
[
0,
3
] |
Rewards
|
What were Napoleon's words to his troops after the battle?
|
Battle of Austerlitz
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
0,
1
] |
[
"Napoleon's words to his troops after the battle were full of praise: \"Soldats!",
"Je suis content de vous\" ().",
"The Emperor provided two million golden francs to the higher officers and 200 francs to each soldier, with large pensions for the widows of the fallen.",
"Orphaned children were adopted by Napoleon personally and were allowed to add \"Napoleon\" to their baptismal and family names.",
"This battle is one of four that Napoleon never awarded a victory title, the others being Marengo, Jena and Friedland."
] |
[
0
] |
History
|
What is the origin of the word "cake?"
|
Cake
| true | 9FOOD
|
[
1
] |
[
"The term \"cake\" has a long history.",
"The word itself is of Viking origin, from the Old Norse word \"kaka\".",
"Although clear examples of the difference between cake and bread are easy to find, the precise classification has always been elusive.",
"For example, banana bread may be properly considered either a quick bread or a cake.",
"The Greeks invented beer as a leavener, frying fritters in olive oil, and cheesecakes using goat's milk.",
"In ancient Rome, basic bread dough was sometimes enriched with butter, eggs, and honey, which produced a sweet and cake-like baked good.",
"Latin poet Ovid refers to the birthday of him and his brother with party and cake in his first book of exile, \"Tristia\".",
"Early cakes in England were also essentially bread: the most obvious differences between a \"cake\" and \"bread\" were the round, flat shape of the cakes, and the cooking method, which turned cakes over once while cooking, while bread was left upright throughout the baking process.",
"Sponge cakes, leavened with beaten eggs, originated during the Renaissance, possibly in Spain."
] |
[
0
] |
Government and politics
|
What internal national system did Chile overhaul in 2005?
|
Chile
| false | 5COUNTRY
|
[
15
] |
[
"The current Constitution of Chile was approved in a national plebiscite —regarded as \"highly irregular\" by some observers— in September 1980, under the military government of Augusto Pinochet.",
"It entered into force in March 1981.",
"After Pinochet's defeat in the 1988 plebiscite, the constitution was amended to ease provisions for future amendments to the Constitution.",
"In September 2005, President Ricardo Lagos signed into law several constitutional amendments passed by Congress.",
"These include eliminating the positions of appointed senators and senators for life, granting the President authority to remove the commanders-in-chief of the armed forces, and reducing the presidential term from six to four years.",
"The Congress of Chile has a 38-seat Senate and a 120-member Chamber of Deputies.",
"Senators serve for eight years with staggered terms, while deputies are elected every 4 years.",
"The current Senate has a 20–18 split in favor of the opposition coalition.",
"The last congressional elections were held on 13 December 2009, concurrently with the presidential election.",
"The current lower house-the Chamber of Deputies-contains 58 members of the governing center-right coalition, 54 from the center-left opposition and 8 from small parties or independents.",
"The Congress is located in the port city of Valparaíso, about west of the capital, Santiago.",
"Chile's congressional elections are governed by a binomial system that, for the most part, rewards the two largest representations equally, often regardless of their relative popular support.",
"Parties are thus forced to form wide coalitions and, historically, the two largest coalitions (Concertación and Alianza) split most of the seats.",
"Only if the leading coalition ticket out-polls the second place coalition by a margin of more than 2-to-1 does the winning coalition gain both seats, which tends to lock the legislative in a roughly 50-50 split.",
"Chile's judiciary is independent and includes a court of appeal, a system of military courts, a constitutional tribunal, and the Supreme Court of Chile.",
"In June 2005, Chile completed a nationwide overhaul of its criminal justice system.",
"The reform has replaced inquisitorial proceedings with an adversarial system more similar to that of the United States.",
"In the 2001 congressional elections, the conservative Independent Democratic Union (UDI) surpassed the Christian Democrats for the first time to become the largest party in the lower house.",
"In the 2005 parliamentary election, both leading parties, the Christian Democrats and the UDI lost representation in favor of their respective allies Socialist Party (which became the biggest party in the Concertación block) and National Renewal in the right-wing alliance.",
"In the last legislative elections in Chile, the Communist Party won 3 out of 120 seats in the Chamber of Deputies for the first time in 30 years (the Communist Party was not allowed to exist as such during the dictatorship).",
"Chileans voted in the first round of presidential elections on 13 December 2009.",
"None of the four presidential candidates got more than 50 percent of the vote.",
"As a result, the top two candidates, center-left Concertación de Partidos por la Democracia coalition's Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle and center-right Coalición por el Cambio coalition's Sebastián Piñera, competed in a run-off election on 17 January 2010, which Piñera won.",
"This was Chile's fifth presidential election since the end of the Pinochet era.",
"All five have been judged free and fair.",
"The president is constitutionally barred from serving consecutive terms."
] |
[
0
] |
In Padua
|
When did Donatello create the reliefs of St. Anthony?
|
Donatello
| true | 3ART
|
[
7
] |
[
"In 1443, Donatello was called to Padua by the heirs of the famous condottiero Erasmo da Narni, who had died that year.",
"Completed in 1450 and placed in the square facing the Basilica of St. Anthony, his equestrian statue of Erasmo (better known as the \"Gattamelata\", or \"Honey-Cat\") was the first example of such a monument since ancient times.",
"(Other equestrian statues, from the 14th century, had not been executed in bronze and had been placed over tombs rather than erected independently, in a public place.)",
"This work became the prototype for other equestrian monuments executed in Italy and Europe in the following centuries.",
"For the Basilica of St. Anthony, Donatello created, most famously, the bronze Crucifix of 1444–1447 and additional statues for the choir, including a \"Madonna with Child\" and six saints, constituting a Holy Conversation, which is no longer visible since the renovation by Camillo Boito in 1895.",
"The \"Madonna with Child\" portrays the Child being displayed to the faithful, on a throne flanked by two sphinxes, allegorical figures of knowledge.",
"On the throne's back is a relief of Adam and Eve.",
"During this period—1446–50—Donatello also executed four extremely important reliefs with scenes from the life of St. Anthony for the high altar."
] |
[
2
] |
Abstract
|
What are Belgium's two largest regions?
|
Belgium
| false | 5COUNTRY
|
[
5
] |
[
"Belgium (; Dutch: \"België\"; French: \"Belgique\"; German: \"Belgien\"), officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal monarchy in Western Europe.",
"It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters as well as those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.",
"Belgium covers an area of , and it has a population of about 11 million people.",
"Straddling the cultural boundary between Germanic and Latin Europe, Belgium is home to two main linguistic groups: the Dutch-speaking, mostly Flemish community (which constitutes about 59% of the population), and the French-speaking, mostly Walloon population (which comprises 41% of all Belgians).",
"Additionally, there is a small group of German-speakers that are officially recognized.",
"Belgium's two largest regions are the Dutch-speaking region of Flanders in the north and the French-speaking southern region of Wallonia.",
"The Brussels-Capital Region, officially bilingual, is a mostly French-speaking enclave within the Flemish Region.",
"*A German-speaking Community exists in eastern Wallonia.",
"Belgium's linguistic diversity and related political conflicts are reflected in its political history and complex system of government.",
"Historically, Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg were known as the Low Countries, which used to cover a somewhat larger area than the current Benelux group of states.",
"The region was called Belgica in Latin, after the Roman province of Gallia Belgica, which covered more or less the same area.",
"From the end of the Middle Ages until the 17th century, the area of Belgium was a prosperous and cosmopolitan centre of commerce and culture.",
"From the 16th century until the Belgian Revolution in 1830, when Belgium seceded from the Netherlands, the area of Belgium served as the battleground between many European powers, causing it to be dubbed the \"Battlefield of Europe,\"*a reputation strengthened by both World Wars.",
"Upon its independence, Belgium participated in the Industrial Revolutionand, during the course of the 20th century, possessed a number of colonies in Africa.",
"The second half of the 20th century was marked by rising tensions between the Flemish and the Francophones fueled by differences in language and the unequal economic development of Flanders and Wallonia.",
"This continuing antagonism has led to several far-reaching reforms, a transition from a unitary to a federal arrangement, and several governmental crises, the most recent — from 2007 to 2011 — being the longest."
] |
[
0
] |
Expansion and yield
|
How are popcorn varieties broadly categorized?
|
Popcorn
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
16
] |
[
"Popping results are sensitive to the rate at which the kernels are heated.",
"If heated too quickly, the steam in the outer layers of the kernel can reach high pressures and rupture the hull before the starch in the center of the kernel can fully gelatinize, leading to partially popped kernels with hard centers.",
"Heating too slowly leads to entirely unpopped kernels: the tip of the kernel, where it attached to the cob, is not entirely moisture-proof, and when heated slowly, the steam can leak out of the tip fast enough to keep the pressure from rising sufficiently to break the hull and cause the pop.",
"Producers and sellers of popcorn consider two major factors in evaluating the quality of popcorn: what percentage of the kernels will pop, and how much each popped kernel expands.",
"Expansion is an important factor to both the consumer and vendor.",
"For the consumer, larger pieces of popcorn tend to be more tender and are associated with higher quality.",
"For the grower, distributor, and vendor, expansion is closely correlated with profit: vendors such as theaters buy popcorn by weight and sell it by volume.",
"For both these reasons, higher-expansion popcorn fetches a higher profit per unit weight.",
"Popcorn will pop when freshly harvested, but not well: its high moisture content leads to poor expansion and chewy pieces of popcorn.",
"Kernels with a high moisture content are also susceptible to mold when stored.",
"For these reasons, popcorn growers and distributors dry the kernels until they reach the moisture level at which they expand the most.",
"This differs by variety and conditions, but is generally in the range of 14–15% moisture by weight.",
"If the kernels are over-dried, the expansion rate will suffer and the percentage of kernels that pop at all will decline.",
"When the popcorn has finished popping, sometimes unpopped kernels remain.",
"Known in the popcorn industry as \"old maids\", the kernels don't pop because they do not have enough moisture to create enough steam for an explosion.",
"Rehydrating prior to popping usually results in eliminating the unpopped kernels.",
"Popcorn varieties are broadly categorized by the shape of the kernels, the color of the kernels, or the shape of the popped corn.",
"While the kernels may come in a variety of colors, the popped corn is always off-yellow or white as it is only the hull (or pericarp) that is colored.",
"\"Rice\" type popcorns have a long kernel pointed at both ends; \"pearl\" type kernels are rounded at the top.",
"Commercial popcorn production has moved mostly to pearl types.",
"Historically, pearl popcorns were usually yellow and rice popcorns usually white.",
"Today both shapes are available in both colors, as well as others including black, red, and variegated.",
"Commercial production is dominated by white and yellow."
] |
[
5
] |
Nitrogen narcosis
|
At the point when does narcosis begin to influence a few jumpers?
|
Scuba diving
| true | 4SPORT
|
[
3
] |
[
"Nitrogen narcosis or inert gas narcosis is a reversible alteration in consciousness producing a state similar to alcohol intoxication in divers who breathe high pressure gas at depth.",
"The mechanism is similar to that of nitrous oxide, or \"laughing gas,\" administered as anesthesia.",
"Being \"narced\" can impair judgment and make diving very dangerous.",
"Narcosis starts to affect some divers at 66 feet (20 m).",
"At this depth, narcosis manifests itself as a slight giddiness.",
"The effects increase drastically with the increase in depth.",
"Almost all divers are able to notice the effects by 132 feet (40 meters).",
"At these depths divers may feel euphoria, anxiety, loss of coordination and lack of concentration.",
"At extreme depths, hallucinogenic reaction and tunnel vision can occur.",
"Jacques Cousteau famously described it as the \"rapture of the deep\".",
"Nitrogen narcosis occurs quickly and the symptoms typically disappear during the ascent, so that divers often fail to realize they were ever affected.",
"It affects individual divers at varying depths and conditions, and can even vary from dive to dive under identical conditions.",
"However, diving with trimix or heliox dramatically reduces the effects of inert gas narcosis."
] |
[
2
] |
Popular culture and cinema
|
Name one of the best known directors In Iran
|
Iran
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
6
] |
[
"The musical culture of Persia, while distinct, is closely related to other musical systems of the West and Central Asia.",
"It has also affinities to the music cultures of the Indian subcontinent, to a certain degree even to those of Africa, and, in the period after 1850 particularly, to that of Europe.",
"Its history can be traced to some extent through these relationships.",
"Like that of most of the world’s cultures, the music of Persia has depended on oral/aural transmission and learning.",
"Iranian cinema has thrived in modern Iran, and many Iranian directors have garnered worldwide recognition for their work.",
"Iranian movies have won over three hundred awards in the past twenty-five years including Oscars.",
"One of the best-known directors is Abbas Kiarostami."
] |
[] |
Neutral medium
|
In Electrochemistry, what procedure is used on a Neutral medium?
|
Electrochemistry
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
0
] |
[
"The same procedure as used on acid medium is applied, for example on balancing using electron ion method to complete combustion of propane.",
"\"Unbalanced reaction\": C3H8 + O2 → CO2 + H2O",
"\"Reduction\": 4 H+ + O2 + 4 e– → 2 H2O",
"\"Oxidation\": 6 H2O + C3H8 → 3 CO2 + 20 e– + 20 H+",
"As in acid and basic medium, electrons which were used to compensate oxidation changes are multiplied to opposite half reactions, thus solving the equation.",
"20 H+ + 5 O2 + 20 e– → 10 H2O",
"6 H2O + C3H8 → 3 CO2 + 20 e– + 20 H+",
"Equation balanced:",
"C3H8 + 5 O2 → 3 CO2 + 4 H2O"
] |
[
0
] |
Production
|
How much was the production budget for principal photography?
|
The Cabin in the Woods
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
0
] |
[
"With a production budget of $30 million, principal photography began on March 9, 2009 in Vancouver, and concluded in May 2009.",
"Joss Whedon co-wrote the script with \"Cloverfield\" screenwriter Drew Goddard, who also directed the film, marking his directorial debut.",
"Goddard previously worked with Whedon on \"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\" and \"Angel\" as a writer.",
"In November 2010, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer filed for Chapter 11 Bankruptcy, but the film was still released as one of MGM's last pre-Spyglass films in development.",
"Whedon described the film as an attempt to revitalize the horror genre which he, along with director/co-writer Goddard, felt had \"devolved\" with the introduction of \"torture porn\".",
"He called it a \"loving hate letter\" to the genre, continuing:Concerning the sheer number of creatures to be designed and made for the film, AFX Studio's David LeRoy Anderson estimated that \"close to a thousand\" people were turned into one of around 60 different monster types.",
"The task necessitated renting a much larger facility to use as a workspace, as a crew of around 60 people were recruited.",
"The producers told them to commence work on December 15, 2008, ahead of the official January 1, 2009 start date.",
"They only completed the work by the March 9, 2009 production date because, as Anderson stated \"We had nearly seventy people at peak, but in effect we had a hundred and forty people, because everybody had at least two jobs...it was crazy, but people had an incredible time...none of us are ever going to forget it, and we're never all going to be in the same room again.",
"\"The underground complex, elevators, and the control room were all sets, but for several wide shots, the British Columbia Institute of Technology's Aerospace building was used.",
"Production designer Martin Whist referenced Stanley Kubrick and commented: \"It's very high-tech industrial, and it's a brand new building, never been shot in before...I wanted elevators to be without any controls...to almost feel like a glamorized freight elevator...",
"The lobby I wanted to look slightly utilitarian, contemporary and institutional...sharp and almost characterless.\"",
"Goddard called the control room \"mission control at NASA\", with production design aimed at grounding the room's look in the reality of governments and institutions."
] |
[
5
] |
Lyrics
|
Which performer sang "Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas" on the album?
|
Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
11,
12,
13
] |
[
"Some of the original lyrics that were penned by Martin were rejected before the show began.",
"They were: \"Have yourself a merry little Christmas / It may be your last/ Next year we may all be living in the past / Have yourself a merry little Christmas / Pop that champagne cork / Next year we may all be living in New York.\"",
"When presented with the original draft lyric, Garland, her co-star Tom Drake and director Vincente Minnelli criticized the song as depressing, and asked Martin to change the lyrics.",
"Though he initially resisted, Martin made several changes to make the song more upbeat.",
"For example, the lines \"It may be your last / Next year we may all be living in the past\" became \"Let your heart be light / Next year all our troubles will be out of sight\".",
"Garland's version of the song, which was also released as a single by Decca Records, became popular among United States troops serving in World War II; her performance at the Hollywood Canteen brought many soldiers to tears.",
"In 1957, Frank Sinatra asked Martin to revise the line \"Until then we'll have to muddle through somehow.\"",
"He told Martin, \"The name of my album is \"A Jolly Christmas\".",
"Do you think you could jolly up that line for me?\"",
"Martin's new line was \"Hang a shining star upon the highest bough.\"",
"Martin made several other alterations, changing the song's focus to a celebration of present happiness, rather than anticipation of a better future.",
"On \"The Judy Garland Show Christmas Special\", Garland sings the song to her children Joey and Lorna Luft with Sinatra's alternate lyrics.",
"The lyrics Garland sang in \"Meet Me in St. Louis\" have been recorded with only slight variations by a number of artists, including Sinatra himself (in 1950 and 1963 single recordings), Doris Day (in \"The Doris Day Christmas Album\"), Ella Fitzgerald (in \"Ella Wishes You a Swinging Christmas\"), James Taylor (in \"October Road\"), The Pretenders in the first \"A Very Special Christmas\" compilation released in 1987 (which benefits Special Olympics), and Luther Vandross (in \"This Is Christmas\").",
"In 2001 the 86-year-old composer Hugh Martin, occasionally active as a pianist with religious ministries since the 1980s, wrote an entirely new set of lyrics to the song with John Fricke, \"Have Yourself a Blessed Little Christmas,\" a religious version of the secular Christmas standard.",
"The song was recorded by gospel female vocalist Del Delker with Martin accompanying her on piano.",
"In 2002, NewSong lead singer Michael O'Brien noted the line \"through the years, we all will be together if the Lord allows,\" which was part of the original song, was purged and replaced with \"if the fates allow\" to remove religious reference when the song was released.",
"He noted while a pastor in a California church in 1990, he had met Martin, who played piano at the church where O'Brien was serving for an evening, and the pastor was told, \"That's the original way I wrote it, so I want you to sing it this way.\"",
"In addition to NewSong, Rachael Lampa, Twila Paris, Kathy Troccoli, Phil Wickham, BarlowGirl, Sidewalk Prophets, and Don Moen have recorded the song with the original lyrics."
] |
[] |
Scuba diver training and certification
|
Does the scuba diving have have a regulatory agency?
|
Scuba diving
| true | 4SPORT
|
[
0
] |
[
"Recreational scuba diving does not have a centralized certifying or regulatory agency, and is mostly self regulated.",
"There are, however, several large diving organizations that train and certify divers and dive instructors, and many diving related sales and rental outlets require proof of diver certification from one of these organizations prior to selling or renting certain diving products or services.",
"Underwater diver training is normally given by a qualified instructor who is a member of one of many diving training agencies or is registered with a government agency.",
"Basic diver training entails the learning of skills required for the safe conduct of activities in an underwater environment, and includes procedures and skills for the use of diving equipment, safety, emergency self-help and rescue procedures, dive planning, and use of dive tables.",
"Some of the skills which an entry level diver will normally learn include:",
"Preparing and dressing in the diving suit",
"Assembly and pre-dive testing of the scuba set.",
"Entries and exits",
"Breathing from the demand valve",
"Recovering and clearing the demand valve.",
"Clearing water from the mask.",
"Buoyancy control using weights and buoyancy compensator",
"Finning techniques, underwater mobility and maneuvering.",
"Making safe and controlled descents and ascents.",
"Equalisation of the ears and other air spaces.",
"Assisting another diver by providing air from one's own supply, or receiving air supplied by another diver.",
"How to return to the surface without injury in the event of a breathing supply interruption.",
"Use of bailout systems (professional divers).",
"Diving signals used to communicate underwater.",
"Professional divers will also learn other methods of communication.",
"Dive management skills such as monitoring depth and time and the breathing gas supply",
"Buddy diving procedures.",
"Some knowledge of physiology and the physics of diving is considered necessary by most diver certification agencies, as the diving environment is alien and relatively hostile to humans.",
"The physics and physiology knowledge required is fairly basic, and helps the diver to understand the effects of the diving environment so that informed acceptance of the associated risks is possible.",
"The physics mostly relates to gases under pressure, buoyancy, heat loss, and light underwater.",
"The physiology relates the physics to the effects on the human body, to provide a basic understanding of the causes and risks of barotrauma, decompression sickness, gas toxicity, hypothermia, drowning and sensory variations.",
"More advanced training often involves first aid and rescue skills, skills related to specialized diving equipment, and underwater work skills."
] |
[] |
Abstract
|
When was the Beatles album "Let It Be" released?
|
Let It Be
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
1,
2
] |
[
"Let It Be is the twelfth and final studio album released by the English rock band the Beatles.",
"It was released on 8 May 1970 by the band's Apple Records label shortly after the group announced their break-up.",
"Most of \"Let It Be\" was recorded in January 1969, before the recording and release of the album \"Abbey Road\".",
"For this reason, some critics and fans, such as Mark Lewisohn, argue that \"Abbey Road\" should be considered the group's final album and \"Let It Be\" the penultimate.",
"\"Let It Be\" was originally intended to be released before \"Abbey Road\" during mid-1969 as Get Back, but the Beatles were unhappy with this version, which was mixed and compiled by Glyn Johns, and it was temporarily shelved.",
"A new version of the album was created by Phil Spector in 1970 and finally released as \"Let It Be\", serving as the album for the 1970 motion picture of the same name.",
"While three songs from the sessions were released as singles before the album's release, \"Get Back\"/\"Don't Let Me Down\" and \"Let It Be\", the songs were remixed by Spector for the album and \"Don't Let Me Down\" was not included.",
"Despite a mixed review from \"Rolling Stone\" magazine at the time of its release, the album was ranked number 86 in the magazine's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time in 2003.",
"This was, however, adjusted to #392 in the 2012 version.",
"\"Let It Be... Naked\" was released in 2003, an alternative version of the album stripping much of Phil Spector's production work and using some different versions of songs."
] |
[
2
] |
Conservation
|
What year was Mt. Rushmore digitally recorded?
|
Mount Rushmore
| true | 2TRAVEL
|
[
4
] |
[
"The ongoing conservation of the site is overseen by the US National Park Service.",
"Physical efforts to conserve the monument have included replacement of the sealant applied originally by Gutzon Borglum, which had proved ineffective at providing water resistance (components include linseed oil, granite dust and white lead).",
"A modern silicone replacement was used, disguised with granite dust.",
"In 1998, electronic monitoring devices were installed to track movement in the topology of the sculpture to an accuracy of 3 mm.",
"The site has been subsequently digitally recorded using a terrestrial laser scanning methodology in 2009 as part of the international Scottish Ten project, providing a record of unprecedented resolution and accuracy to inform the conservation of the site.",
"This data was made accessible online to be freely used by the wider community to aid further interpretation and public access."
] |
[
0
] |
Provenances
|
When did the Vincent van Gogh Foundation established?
|
Sunflowers (Van Gogh series)
| true | 3ART
|
[
4
] |
[
"Two Paris versions Van Gogh exchanged with Gauguin in December 1887 or January 1888 were both sold to Ambroise Vollard: one in January 1895 and the other in April 1896.",
"The first canvas resided for a short time with Félix Roux, but was reacquired by Vollard and sold to Degas from his estate to Rosenberg, then to Hahnloser and bequested to the Kunstmuseum in Bern.",
"The second was acquired by the Dutch collector Hoogendijk at the sale of his collection by Kann, who ceded the painting to Richard Bühler and then via Thannhauser to the Metropolitan Museum in New York.",
"Two of Van Gogh's \"Sunflowers\" paintings never left the artist's estate: the study for one of the Paris versions (F.377) and the repetition of fourth version (F.458).",
"Both are in the possession of the Vincent van Gogh Foundation, established 1962 by Vincent Willem van Gogh, the artist's nephew, and on permanent loan to the Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam.",
"Five other versions are recorded in the Van Gogh estate papers:",
"the final Paris version (F.452) in the artist's estate was sold 1909 via C. M. van Gogh, The Hague (J. H. de Bois) to Kröller-Müller",
"(F.457) sold 1894 to Emile Schuffenecker.",
"(Tokyo version).",
"(F.456) sold 1905 via Paul Cassirer to Hugo von Tschudi.",
"(Munich version).",
"(F.459) sold 1908 C. M. van Gogh (J. H. de Bois), The Hague to Fritz Meyer-Fierz, Zürich (destroyed Japan 1945).",
"(F.454) sold 1924 via Ernest Brown & Phillips (The Leicester Gallery) to the Tate Gallery; since on permanent loan to the National Gallery, London.",
"(London version).",
"Two Arles versions left the artist's estate unrecorded:",
"(F.453) (private collection).",
"Sold 1891 to Octave Mirbeau, Paris, (via Tanguy, Paris) for £12 (about £1,300 in 2013 £).",
"Sold 1996 to a private collector for an undisclosed sum.",
"(F.455) (Philadelphia version)."
] |
[
2
] |
Combined events
|
How athletes are allocated as per decathlon scoring table for track and field?
|
Track and field
| true | 4SPORT
|
[
3
] |
[
"Combined (or multi-discipline) events are competitions in which athletes participate in a number of track and field events, earning points for their performance in each event, which adds to a total points score.",
"Outdoors, the most common combined events are the men's decathlon and the women's heptathlon.",
"Due to stadium limitations, indoor combined events competition have a reduced number of events, resulting in the men's heptathlon and the women's pentathlon.",
"Athletes are allocated points based on an international-standard points scoring system, such as the decathlon scoring table.",
"The Ancient Olympic pentathlon (comprising long jump, javelin, discus, the \"stadion\" race and wrestling) was a precursor to the track and field combined events and this ancient event was restored at the 1906 Summer Olympics (Intercalated Games).",
"A men's decathlon was held at the 1904 Summer Olympics, albeit contested between five American and two British athletes."
] |
[
5
] |
Abstract
|
What band sang She Will Be Loved?
|
She Will Be Loved
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
0
] |
[
"\"She Will Be Loved\" is the third single on the American band Maroon 5's 2002 debut album, \"Songs About Jane\".",
"Released in 2004, the single peaked at #5 in the United States, and by December 2012 had sold more than 2,722,000 digital downloads.",
"It peaked at #4 in the United Kingdom.",
"In Australia, it reached #1, a position it held for 5 non-consecutive weeks.",
"The single is noted for its music video starring Kelly Preston.",
"The song proved as successful as the band's previous hits, \"This Love\" and \"Harder to Breathe\", hitting number 1 on the Mainstream Top 40 and Adult Top 40 charts, but it prompted many alternative radio outlets to remove Maroon 5 from their playlists, on the ground that the band's newer songs were too light for alt-rock audiences.",
"These stations continued to play \"Harder to Breathe\" and \"This Love\", but Maroon 5's newer hits were played only on pop and adult contemporary stations."
] |
[
0
] |
Abstract
|
What is quantum mechanics?
|
Quantum mechanics
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
0
] |
[
"Quantum mechanics (QM – also known as quantum physics, or quantum theory) is a branch of physics which deals with physical phenomena at nanoscopic scales where the action is on the order of the Planck constant.",
"It departs from classical mechanics primarily at the \"quantum realm\" of atomic and subatomic length scales.",
"Quantum mechanics provides a mathematical description of much of the dual \"particle-like\" and \"wave-like\" behavior and interactions of energy and matter.",
"Quantum mechanics provides a substantially useful framework for many features of the modern periodic table of elements including the behavior of atoms during chemical bonding and has played a significant role in the development of many modern technologies.",
"In advanced topics of quantum mechanics, some of these behaviors are macroscopic (see macroscopic quantum phenomena) and emerge at only extreme (i.e., very low or very high) energies or temperatures (such as in the use of superconducting magnets).",
"For example, the angular momentum of an electron bound to an atom or molecule is quantized.",
"In contrast, the angular momentum of an unbound electron is not quantized.",
"In the context of quantum mechanics, the wave–particle duality of energy and matter and the uncertainty principle provide a unified view of the behavior of photons, electrons, and other atomic-scale objects.",
"The mathematical formulations of quantum mechanics are abstract.",
"A mathematical function, the wavefunction, provides information about the probability amplitude of position, momentum, and other physical properties of a particle.",
"Mathematical manipulations of the wavefunction usually involve bra–ket notation which requires an understanding of complex numbers and linear functionals.",
"The wavefunction formulation treats the particle as a quantum harmonic oscillator, and the mathematics is akin to that describing acoustic resonance.",
"Many of the results of quantum mechanics are not easily visualized in terms of classical mechanics.",
"For instance, in a quantum mechanical model the lowest energy state of a system, the ground state, is non-zero as opposed to a more \"traditional\" ground state with zero kinetic energy (all particles at rest).",
"Instead of a traditional static, unchanging zero energy state, quantum mechanics allows for far more dynamic, chaotic possibilities, according to John Wheeler.",
"The earliest versions of quantum mechanics were formulated in the first decade of the 20th century.",
"About this time, the atomic theory and the corpuscular theory of light (as updated by Einstein) first came to be widely accepted as scientific fact; these latter theories can be viewed as quantum theories of matter and electromagnetic radiation, respectively.",
"Early quantum theory was significantly reformulated in the mid-1920s by Werner Heisenberg, Max Born and Pascual Jordan, (matrix mechanics); Louis de Broglie and Erwin Schrödinger (wave mechanics); and Wolfgang Pauli and Satyendra Nath Bose (statistics of subatomic particles).",
"Moreover, the Copenhagen interpretation of Niels Bohr became widely accepted.",
"By 1930, quantum mechanics had been further unified and formalized by the work of David Hilbert, Paul Dirac and John von Neumann with a greater emphasis placed on measurement in quantum mechanics, the statistical nature of our knowledge of reality, and philosophical speculation about the role of the observer.",
"Quantum mechanics has since permeated throughout many aspects of 20th-century physics and other disciplines including quantum chemistry, quantum electronics, quantum optics, and quantum information science.",
"Much 19th-century physics has been re-evaluated as the \"classical limit\" of quantum mechanics and its more advanced developments in terms of quantum field theory, string theory, and speculative quantum gravity theories.",
"The name \"quantum mechanics\" derives from the observation that some physical quantities can change only in \"discrete\" amounts (Latin \"quanta\"), and not in a continuous (\"cf.\"",
"analog) way."
] |
[
0
] |
Europe and Oceania
|
How many copies did the single "We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together" sell in the UK as of January 2013?
|
We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together
| false | 0MUSIC
|
[
2
] |
[
"",
"\"We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together\" gave Swift's second top ten hit in the United Kingdom after it debuted at number five, and eventually ascended to number four.",
"As of January 2013, the single has sold 465,000 copies in the UK.",
"It charted in United Kingdom for twenty-nine weeks; ten weeks of it is within the top ten.",
"The single is certified Gold by the British Phonographic Industry for downloads exceeding 400,000 copies and ranked as the twenty-sixth best selling single of 2012.",
"In Ireland, the song jumped at number four on its second week after debuting at number eleven, became Swift's second top ten hit after her 2009 hit \"Love Story.\"",
"\"We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together\" also Swift's second top ten hit in Norway after it reached number seven in its third week.",
"It also appeared in Netherlands at number sixteen, in Spain at number nine.",
"\"We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together\" became Swift's sixth top ten hit in Australia after it vaulted from number thirteen to number three in its second week.",
"It stayed at the top ten for seven weeks and charted for a total of twenty-four weeks.",
"The single is certified quintuple platinum by Australian Recording Industry Association for the shipment of over 350,000 copies, her highest certified song in the region.",
"In New Zealand, it debuted at number two, the highest debut of the week, and on its second week it rose to the number-one spot, making it Swift's first single to top the chart.",
"It stayed at the top ten for nine weeks, charted for a total of nineteen weeks and placed at number nineteen in New Zealand's 2012 year-end chart."
] |
[
5
] |
Other branches of anatomy
|
Why is surface anatomy important to study?
|
Anatomy
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
0,
1
] |
[
"Superficial or surface anatomy is important as the study of anatomical landmarks that can be readily seen from the exterior contours of the body.",
"It enables physicians or veterinary surgeons to gauge the position and anatomy of the associated deeper structures.",
"Superficial is a directional term that indicates that structures are located relatively close to the surface of the body.",
"Comparative anatomy relates to the comparison of anatomical structures (both gross and microscopic) in different animals.",
"Anthropological anatomy or physical anthropology relates to the comparison of the anatomy of different races of humans.",
"Artistic anatomy relates to anatomic studies for artistic reasons."
] |
[
1
] |
Abstract
|
What was The Frey
|
How to Save a Life
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
0
] |
[
"How to Save a Life is the debut album by American alternative rock group The Fray.",
"Released on September 13, 2005 through Epic Records, the record charted in the top 15 on the \"Billboard\" 200 and was a top ten hit in Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand and the UK.",
"The first two singles from the album, \"Over My Head (Cable Car)\" and \"How to Save a Life\" helped the album become a commercial success and brought the band mainstream popularity.",
"Critical reception to the album was mixed.",
"The piano-rock style of the album drew comparisons with British piano-driven bands like Keane and Coldplay.",
"The album was certified double platinum by the RIAA, and was also certified platinum in Australia, Canada, New Zealand and in the UK.",
"The album went on to become the best-selling digital album of all time, breaking the record held previously by Coldplay's \"X&Y\".",
"It was ranked #21 on \"Billboard\"'s list of the \"Best Digital Albums of the Decade\"."
] |
[
0
] |
Books/essays
|
Who was the publisher of "Chatting with Henri Matisse: The Lost 1941 Interview"?
|
Henri Matisse
| true | 3ART
|
[
5
] |
[
" Notes of a Painter, 1908",
" Painter's Notes on Drawing, 1930.",
" \"Jazz\", 1947",
" \"Matisse on Art\", collected by Jack D. Flam, 1973.",
"ISBN 0-7148-1518-7",
" \"Chatting with Henri Matisse: The Lost 1941 Interview\", Getty Publications 2013.",
"ISBN 978-1-60606-128-2"
] |
[
3
] |
Closing theme
|
What flag is at the end of American Dad?
|
American Dad!
| true | 1TV
|
[
2
] |
[
"The final frame of the introduction was changed for seasons beyond the first season.",
"At the end of the credits in the first season, all that could be seen was a big \"American Dad!\"",
"logo in front of the American flag.",
"In all subsequent scenes, this logo was shrunk to fit the names to the series creators on the same screen.",
"Following each episode's ending credits is a live action video of a security guard representing the Underdog Productions logo.",
"In the logo, the security guard always breaks the fourth wall, waving and typically stating \"Bye, have a beautiful time\", into the camcorder.",
"There are, however, different versions of this logo where his comments are different from the above."
] |
[
0
] |
Reception
|
What was katy perry's video compared to?
|
Part of Me (Katy Perry song)
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
2
] |
[
"The video garnered positive reviews from critics, who praised its self-empowerment theme and its different approach in comparison to Perry's previous music videos.",
"Bruno Nessif of E!",
"Online compared the video to Demi Moore's role in G.I.",
"Jane.",
"Ray Rahman from \"Entertainment Weekly\" echoed the similarity of the G.I.",
"Jane influence in the video, and called it an \"intense ride\".",
"MTV's James Montgomery praised the video and Perry's role, saying:\"Over the years, Perry has been a California Gurl, a nerdy teenager, an alien and just about everything in between, but up until now, she's never really been an actual person.\"",
"He went on to praise the video stating: \"Part of Me\" is unlike any pop video in recent memory.",
"Rihanna did military chic in her \"Hard\" video (she even straddled a tank), and just about every one of Perry's pop contemporaries have ventured down the same path.",
"But they were never really in the military; they were just making it more fabulous.",
"Perry takes the opposite tact: She cuts off her hair, she eschews makeup, she fights, crawls, suffers.",
"It's a commendable level of commitment.",
"Your move, everybody else.",
"\"Feminist author Naomi Wolf criticized the video as propaganda for the Marine Corps, stating \"I really want to find out if she was paid by them for making it ... it is truly shameful.",
"I would suggest a boycott of this singer whom I really liked if you are as offended at this glorification of violence as I am.\"",
"Glenn Selig, founder of The Publicity Agency, responded to these claims on Fox News Live, stating, \"In her efforts to boycott the video, Naomi Wolf has brought more attention to it, without her comments, most people would clearly have seen the military simply as a metaphor and not as an attempt by Katy Perry to glamorize the military or war.\"",
"Perry told MTV that she chose the military plot because it represented the song, saying, \"It's an affirmation of strength, so I wanted to go the strongest route I ever could.\""
] |
[
0
] |
Transportation
|
What did the Industrial Revolution improve in Great Britain?
|
Industrial Revolution
| true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
3
] |
[
"At the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, inland transport was by navigable rivers and roads, with coastal vessels employed to move heavy goods by sea.",
"Railways or wagon ways were used for conveying coal to rivers for further shipment, but canals had not yet been constructed.",
"Animals supplied all of the motive power on land, with sails providing the motive power on the sea.",
"The Industrial Revolution improved Britain's transport infrastructure with a turnpike road network, a canal and waterway network, and a railway network.",
"Raw materials and finished products could be moved more quickly and cheaply than before.",
"Improved transportation also allowed new ideas to spread quickly."
] |
[
0
] |
Abstract
|
In which year did the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center open?
|
National Air and Space Museum
| true | 2TRAVEL
|
[
4
] |
[
"The National Air and Space Museum (NASM) of the Smithsonian Institution holds the largest collection of historic aircraft and spacecraft in the world in of exhibition floor space.",
"It was established in 1946, as the National Air Museum and opened its main building in 1976.",
"Located in Washington, D.C., United States, it is a center for research into the history and science of aviation and spaceflight, as well as planetary science and terrestrial geology and geophysics.",
"Almost all space and aircraft on display are originals or backups to the originals.",
"It operates an annex, the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center, at Dulles International Airport, which opened in 2003 and itself encompasses .",
"The museum currently conducts restoration of its collection at the Paul E. Garber Preservation, Restoration, and Storage Facility in Suitland, Maryland."
] |
[] |
Climate
|
How can the climate of the United Kingdom be characterized by?
|
United Kingdom
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
0
] |
[
"The United Kingdom has a temperate climate, with plentiful rainfall all year round.",
"The temperature varies with the seasons seldom dropping below or rising above .",
"The prevailing wind is from the south-west and bears frequent spells of mild and wet weather from the Atlantic Ocean, although the eastern parts are mostly sheltered from this wind since the majority of the rain falls over the western regions the eastern parts are therefore the driest.",
"Atlantic currents, warmed by the Gulf Stream, bring mild winters; especially in the west where winters are wet and even more so over high ground.",
"Summers are warmest in the south-east of England, being closest to the European mainland, and coolest in the north.",
"Heavy snowfall can occur in winter and early spring on high ground, and occasionally settles to great depth away from the hills."
] |
[
5
] |
Cuisine
|
What is noodles in Russian?
|
Mongolia
| false | 5COUNTRY
|
[
6
] |
[
"Mongolian cuisine refers to the local culinary traditions of Mongolia and Mongolian styled dishes.",
"The extreme continental climate has affected the traditional diet, so the Mongolian cuisine primarily consists of dairy products, meat, and animal fats.",
"Use of vegetables and spices is limited.",
"Due to geographic proximity and deep historic ties, Mongolian cuisine is also influenced by Chinese and Russian cuisine.",
"In fact, one of the most popular dishes is called \"buuz\", which is a steamed dumpling.",
"Many people mistake it for being one of the national dishes, when in fact it is of Chinese origin.",
"Another popular dish is called \"lapsha\", a simple noodle dish.",
"The word is actually Russian for noodles."
] |
[
0
] |
Credits and personnel
|
Which artists can be credited with completing mastering "What Makes You Beautiful"?
|
What Makes You Beautiful
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
2,
12
] |
[
"\"What Makes You Beautiful\"",
"Warren Casey – writing",
"Tom Coyne – mastering",
"Carl Falk – writing, production, programming, instruments, guitar",
"Serban Ghenea – mixing",
"John Hanes – mix engineering",
"Jim Jacobs – writing",
"Savan Kotecha – writing",
"Phil Seaford – mix engineering assistance",
"Rami Yacoub – writing, production, programming, instruments, bass",
"Featuring a musical sample of \"Summer Nights\" from the musical \"Grease\".",
"\"Na Na Na\"",
"Dick Beetham – mastering",
"Iain James – writing",
"Savan Kotecha – writing",
"Matt Lawrence – engineering",
"Greg Marriot – engineering assistance",
"James Murray – writing",
"Matt Squire – writing, production, backing vocals, mixing",
"Mustapha Omer – writing"
] |
[
0
] |
Background
|
When the date signed for "IVMeer"?
|
Girl with a Pearl Earring
| true | 3ART
|
[
0
] |
[
"The painting is signed \"IVMeer\" but not dated.",
"It is unclear whether this work was commissioned, and, if so, by whom.",
"In any case, it is probably not meant as a conventional portrait.",
"The image is a tronie, the Dutch 17th-century description of a ‘head’ that was not meant to be a portrait.",
"After the most recent restoration of the painting in 1994, the subtle color scheme and the intimacy of the girl’s gaze toward the viewer have been greatly enhanced.",
"During the restoration, it was discovered that the dark background, today somewhat mottled, was initially intended by the painter to be a deep enamel-like green.",
"This effect was produced by applying a thin transparent layer of paint, called a glaze, over the present-day black background.",
"However, the two organic pigments of the green glaze, indigo and weld, have faded.",
"On the advice of Victor de Stuers, who for years tried to prevent Vermeer's rare works from being sold to parties abroad, Arnoldus Andries des Tombe purchased the work at an auction in The Hague in 1881, for only two guilders and thirty cents.",
"At the time, it was in poor condition.",
"Des Tombe had no heirs and donated this and other paintings to the Mauritshuis in 1902.",
"In 1937, a very similar painting, \"Smiling Girl\", at the time also thought to be by Vermeer, was donated by collector Andrew W. Mellon to the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C. Now widely considered to be a fake, the painting was claimed by Vermeer expert Arthur Wheelock in a 1995 study to be by 20th-century artist and forger Theo van Wijngaarden, a friend of Han van Meegeren.",
"As part of a traveling exhibition while the Mauritshuis undertook construction, in 2012 the painting was exhibited in Japan at the National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo, and in 2013-2014 the United States, where it was shown at the High Museum in Atlanta, the de Young Museum in San Francisco and in New York City at the Frick Collection.",
"Later in 2014 it was exhibited in Bologna, Italy."
] |
[
2
] |
Closures and reopening (2001–present)
|
What was closed to the public immediately after the Sept. 11 attacks?
|
Statue of Liberty
| false | 2TRAVEL
|
[
1
] |
[
"Closures and reopening (2001–present).",
"Following the September 11 attacks, the statue and Liberty Island were immediately closed to the public.",
"The island reopened at the end of 2001, while the pedestal and statue remained off-limits.",
"The pedestal reopened in August 2004, but the National Park Service announced that visitors could not safely be given access to the statue due to the difficulty of evacuation in an emergency.",
"The Park Service adhered to that position through the remainder of the Bush administration.",
"New York Congressman Anthony Weiner made the statue's reopening a personal crusade.",
"On May 17, 2009, President Barack Obama's Secretary of the Interior, Ken Salazar, announced that as a \"special gift\" to America, the statue would be reopened to the public as of July 4, but that only a limited number of people would be permitted to ascend to the crown each day.",
"The statue, including the pedestal and base, closed on October 29, 2011 (the day after celebrations to mark the statue's 125th anniversary), for installation of new elevators and staircases, and to bring other facilities, such as restrooms, up to code.",
"The statue was closed to the public until October 28, 2012.",
"A day after the reopening, the statue closed again due to the effects of Hurricane Sandy.",
"Although the storm did not harm the statue, it destroyed some of the infrastructure on both Liberty Island and Ellis Island, severely damaging the dock used by the ferries bearing visitors to the statue.",
"On November 8, 2012, a Park Service spokesperson announced that both islands would remain closed for an indefinite period for repairs to be done.",
"Due to lack of electricity on Liberty Island, a generator was installed to power temporary floodlights to illuminate the statue at night.",
"The superintendent of Statue of Liberty National Monument, David Luchsinger, whose home on the island was severely damaged, stated that it would be \"optimistically ... months\" before the island was reopened to the public.",
"The statue and Liberty Island reopened to the public on July 4, 2013, though Ellis Island remains closed.",
"For part of October 2013, Liberty Island was closed to the public due to the United States federal government shutdown of 2013, along with other publicly funded museums, parks, monuments, construction projects and buildings."
] |
[
0
] |
Background and release
|
What magazine was informed that "Rumor Has It" would be the third single on the album Set Fire to the Rain?
|
Set Fire to the Rain
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
2
] |
[
"",
"\"Set Fire to the Rain\" was written by Adele and Fraser T Smith while the production was handled by Smith.",
"On 28 October, during an interview with \"Billboard\", Columbia Records revealed that \"Rumour Has It\" would be released as the third single from the album and serviced to pop and adult contemporary radio.",
"However, the release of the song was scrapped and \"Set Fire to the Rain\" was released as the third US-single on 21 November 2011.",
"A spokesperson for Columbia, Pete Cosenza stated: \"Our research found more programmer preference for 'Set Fire to the Rain'.",
"[...] Both 'Rumour' and 'Fire' came back strong, but 'Fire' was a bit stronger.",
"[...] It's a better plan to go with 'Fire' over 'Rumour' at pop and adult radio.",
"[...] Everyone, from radio to the buying public, seems to be on board.\""
] |
[
0
] |
Cake decorating
|
How do commercial bakeries use lard to introduce air bubbles?
|
Cake
| true | 9FOOD
|
[
4
] |
[
" decorating.",
"A finished cake is often enhanced by covering it with icing, or frosting, and toppings such as sprinkles, which are also known as \"jimmies\" in certain parts of the United States and \"hundreds and thousands\" in the United Kingdom.",
"Frosting is usually made from powdered (icing) sugar, sometimes a fat of some sort, milk or cream, and often flavorings such as vanilla extract or cocoa powder.",
"Some decorators use a rolled fondant icing.",
"Commercial bakeries tend to use lard for the fat, and often whip the lard to introduce air bubbles.",
"This makes the icing light and spreadable.",
"Home bakers either use lard, butter, margarine or some combination thereof.",
"Sprinkles are small firm pieces of sugar and oils that are colored with food coloring.",
"In the late 20th century, new cake decorating products became available to the public.",
"These include several specialized sprinkles and even methods to print pictures and transfer the image onto a cake.",
"Special tools are needed for more complex cake decorating, such as piping bags or syringes, and various piping tips.",
"To use a piping bag or syringe, a piping tip is attached to the bag or syringe using a coupler.",
"The bag or syringe is partially filled with icing which is sometimes colored.",
"Using different piping tips and various techniques, a cake decorator can make many different designs.",
"Basic decorating tips include open star, closed star, basketweave, round, drop flower, leaf, multi, petal, and specialty tips.",
"Royal icing, marzipan (or a less sweet version, known as almond paste), fondant icing(also known as sugarpaste) and buttercream are used as covering icings and to create decorations.",
"Floral sugarcraft or wired sugar flowers are an important part of cake decoration.",
"Cakes for special occasions, such as wedding cakes, are traditionally rich fruit cakes or occasionally Madeira cakes, that are covered with marzipan and iced using royal icing or sugar-paste.",
"They are finished with piped borders (made with royal icing) and adorned with a piped message, wired sugar flowers, hand-formed fondant flowers, marzipan fruit, piped flowers, or crystallized fruits or flowers such as grapes or violets."
] |
[
5
] |
Video games
|
South Park Rally was released in which year?
|
South Park
| true | 1TV
|
[
3
] |
[
"Following the early success of the series, three video games based on the series were released by Acclaim Entertainment.",
"A first-person shooter simply titled \"South Park\" was released in 1998 for the PC, Nintendo 64, and PlayStation.",
"This was followed in 1999 by ', a party video game featuring quizzes and mini-games, on the Dreamcast, PlayStation, Nintendo 64, and PC.",
"In 2000, \"South Park Rally\", a racing game, was released on the Dreamcast, PlayStation, Nintendo 64, and PC.",
"Parker and Stone had little to do with the development of these games, apart from providing voice acting, and have publicly criticized Acclaim and the quality of the \"South Park\" games they produced.",
"Several years after these early games, the decision was made to form a small group called South Park Digital Studios, which would, among other things, work on creating new \"South Park\" games, that would involve the studio and the show's creators more heavily.",
"The first such title is \"South Park Let's Go Tower Defense Play!",
"\", a tower defense game developed by Doublesix, which was released in 2009 for the Xbox Live Arcade service on the Xbox 360 console.",
"Another Xbox Live Arcade game, ' is a platformer, which was released in the spring of 2012. \"\"",
"is a role-playing video game that was written by Parker and Stone, and was originally scheduled to be released on March 5, 2013 for the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 consoles, and Microsoft Windows; The game released March 4, 2014 to positive reviews."
] |
[] |
Sunflowers, friendship and gratitude
|
What kind of flowers did Van Gogh paint?
|
Sunflowers (Van Gogh series)
| true | 3ART
|
[
2
] |
[
"Van Gogh began painting in late summer 1888 and continued into the following year.",
"One went to decorate his friend Paul Gauguin's bedroom.",
"The paintings show sunflowers in all stages of life, from full bloom to withering.",
"The paintings were considered innovative for their use of the yellow spectrum, partly because newly invented pigments made new colours possible.",
"In a letter to his brother Theo, Van Gogh wrote: \"It is a kind of painting that rather changes in character, and takes on a richness the longer you look at it.",
"Besides, you know, Gauguin likes them extraordinarily.",
"He said to me among other things - 'That...it's...the flower.'",
"You know that the peony is Jeannin's, the hollyhock belongs to Quost, but the sunflower is somewhat my own.\""
] |
[
0
] |
Social welfare
|
When can post-pregnancy mothers take a vacation in Romania?
|
Romania
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
3
] |
[
"In 1990, after the fall of the communist regime, the whole system was reformed.",
"It was divided into multiple categories (healthcare, child care, adults and elderly), and the concept of generalized social welfare became reduced in scale.",
"Families or mothers do not pay for giving birth, which is subsidized by state tax revenues.",
"As soon as mothers give birth, they are entitled to vacation.",
"They receive aid which amounts 75% of their net income, without a limit being set.",
"After the age of two, children receive an allowance of approximately €9 per month up until the age of 18, although they must attend school in order to receive it.",
"Adults are also able to apply for unemployment aid.",
"The amount varies from case to case, but is generally comparable to the minimum wage.",
"The unemployment aid can be granted if the payer has contributed and if they can prove they are actively seeking for a job.",
"The unemployment aid is granted on a time-limited, individually determined basis.",
"The unemployment rate in Romania has been relatively low in recent years and stands at around 5% in 2011.",
"The pension system was also reformed.",
"The current average retirement age (55 years for women and 57 years for men) will be gradually increased until 2014 to 60 years for women and 65 years for men.",
"Pension is granted nonetheless of the contributions made during one's lifetime.",
"It increases proportionally with the contribution a person made during their working age.",
"Some retirees have pensions that overcome the medium salary, but a third of them live off with a pension equal to or under the minimum wage.",
"Pension is provided by the state."
] |
[
2
] |
Abstract
|
What is the release date for the song "Sexy and I know it"
|
Sexy and I Know It
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
1
] |
[
"\"Sexy and I Know It\" is a song by American duo LMFAO from their second studio album, \"Sorry for Party Rocking\".",
"It was released as the third single from the album on 16 September 2011.",
"The song was written by Stefan Kendal Gordy, GoonRock, Erin Beck, George M. Robertson and Kenneth Oliver, and it was produced by Party Rock.",
"It went to number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 on January 7, 2012 and remained there for two weeks.",
"The song became LMFAO's second number one hit (after \"Party Rock Anthem\") on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 in the United States, making them the first duo to have two successive number-one singles since OutKast's \"Hey Ya!\"",
"(2003) and \"The Way You Move\" (2004).",
"The song also reached number one in Australia, Canada and New Zealand, and charted within the top 10 in nearly every country in which it charted.",
"The song was featured in the season 5, episode 12 of \"Gossip Girl\".",
"and in the \"Glee\" episode, \"The Spanish Teacher\"."
] |
[
0
] |
Episodes
|
When was it announced the Tennant and Piper would be returning to the show?
|
Doctor Who
| false | 1TV
|
[
22
] |
[
"",
"\"Doctor Who\" originally ran for 26 seasons on BBC One, from 23 November 1963 until 6 December 1989.",
"During the original run, each weekly episode formed part of a story (or \"serial\") — usually of four to six parts in earlier years and three to four in later years.",
"Notable exceptions were: \"The Daleks' Master Plan\", which aired in 12 episodes (plus an earlier one-episode teaser, \"Mission to the Unknown\", featuring none of the regular cast); almost an entire season of seven-episode serials (season 7); the 10-episode serial \"The War Games\"; and \"The Trial of a Time Lord\", which ran for 14 episodes (albeit divided into three production codes and four narrative segments) during season 23.",
"Occasionally serials were loosely connected by a storyline, such as season 8 being devoted to the Doctor battling a rogue Time Lord called The Master, season 16's quest for The Key to Time, season 18's journey through E-Space and the theme of entropy, and season 20's Black Guardian Trilogy.",
"The programme was intended to be educational and for family viewing on the early Saturday evening schedule.",
"Initially, it alternated stories set in the past, which were intended to teach younger audience members about history, with stories set either in the future or in outer space to teach them about science.",
"This was also reflected in the Doctor's original companions, one of whom was a science teacher and another a history teacher.",
"However, science fiction stories came to dominate the programme and the \"historicals\", which were not popular with the production team, were dropped after \"The Highlanders\" (1967).",
"While the show continued to use historical settings, they were generally used as a backdrop for science fiction tales, with one exception: \"Black Orchid\" set in 1920s England.",
"The early stories were serial-like in nature, with the narrative of one story flowing into the next, and each episode having its own title, although produced as distinct stories with their own production codes.",
"Following \"The Gunfighters\" (1966), however, each serial was given its own title, with the individual parts simply being assigned episode numbers.",
"Of the programme's many writers, Robert Holmes was the most prolific, while Douglas Adams became the most well-known outside \"Doctor Who\" itself, due to the popularity of his \"Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\".",
"The serial format changed for the 2005 revival, with each series usually consisting of 13 45-minute, self-contained episodes (60 minutes with adverts, on overseas commercial channels), and an extended episode broadcast on Christmas Day.",
"Each series includes several standalone and multi-part stories, linked with a loose story arc that resolves in the series finale.",
"As in the early \"classic\" era, each episode, whether standalone or part of a larger story, has its own title.",
"Occasionally, regular-series episodes will exceed the 45-minute run time; notably, the episodes \"Journey's End\" from 2008 and \"The Eleventh Hour\" from 2010 exceeded an hour in length.800 \"Doctor Who\" instalments have been televised since 1963, ranging between 25-minute episodes (the most common format), 45-minute episodes (for \"Resurrection of the Daleks\" in the 1984 series, a single season in 1985, and the revival), two feature-length productions (1983's \"The Five Doctors\" and the 1996 television film), eight Christmas specials (most of 60 minutes' duration, one of 72 minutes), and four additional specials ranging from 60 to 75 minutes in 2009, 2010 and 2013.",
"Four mini-episodes, running about eight minutes each, were also produced for the 1993, 2005 and 2007 Children in Need charity appeals, while another mini-episode was produced in 2008 for a \"Doctor Who\"-themed edition of The Proms.",
"The 1993 2-part story, entitled \"Dimensions in Time\", was made in collaboration with the cast of the BBC soap-opera \"EastEnders\" and was filmed partly on the \"EastEnders\" set.",
"A two-part mini-episode was also produced for the 2011 edition of Comic Relief.",
"Starting with the 2009 special \"Planet of the Dead\", the series was filmed in 1080i for HDTV, and broadcast simultaneously on BBC One and BBC HD.",
"To celebrate the 50th anniversary of the show, a special 3D episode, \"The Day of the Doctor\", was broadcast in 2013.",
"In March 2013, it was announced that Tennant and Piper would be returning, and that the episode would have a limited cinematic release worldwide."
] |
[
2
] |
Ratings
|
What was the air date for episode 2 of Body of Proof
|
Body of Proof
| false | 1TV
|
[
2
] |
[
"The series premiere (Tuesday, March 29, 2011) drew 14 million viewers.",
"It finished in the top 10 in Nielsen ratings for the week, and was the second-most watched premiere of the 2010–11 season, following the CBS series \"Hawaii Five-0\".",
"ABC ran the second episode on Sunday April 3, 2011; it dropped to 8.5 million viewers.",
"The third episode aired two days later and drew 11 million viewers; the show again won its time slot.",
"The first season averaged 13.68 million viewers making it the second most-watched scripted drama on ABC."
] |
[
0
] |
"Hatfill v. Ashcroft"
|
Who was claimed to be a suspect in the 2001 anthrax attacks?
|
Person of interest
| false | 1TV
|
[
0
] |
[
"The use of the term became widely critiqued when United States Attorney General John Ashcroft used it in a press conference when asked if Dr. Steven J. Hatfill was a suspect in the 2001 anthrax attacks case.",
"In 2002, Hatfill's attorney filed a complaint with the Justice Department's Office of Professional Responsibility, arguing that \"the term is not recognized in law or criminal procedure and that Ashcroft did not have the right 'to preside over the public shredding of life.",
"This is un-American.",
"Mr. Ashcroft owes Dr. Hatfill an apology.",
"The case was settled in 2008 for $5.8 million."
] |
[
3
] |
Main cast
|
In Suburgatory, why does George Altman decide leave New York City for upstate New York?
|
Suburgatory
| true | 1TV
|
[
0
] |
[
" Jeremy Sisto as George Altman, a single father and architect from New York City, who decides to move upstate to the suburbs wanting a better life for his daughter, Tessa.",
" Jane Levy as Tessa Altman, George's daughter, who is less than thrilled about her new suburban surroundings.",
" Carly Chaikin as Dalia Oprah Royce, a materialistic and fashion-driven girl in the popular group at school who becomes Tessa's rival.",
"She is known to have a dry sense of humor and rarely smiles.",
" Allie Grant as Lisa Marie Shay, Tessa's best friend and neighbor.",
"She is rather awkward and often very embarrassed by her family.",
" Cheryl Hines as Dallas Royce, Dalia's mother and George's neighbor and later girlfriend.",
"She employs Tessa and is a mother figure to her when she needs advice.",
" Ana Gasteyer as Sheila Shay (recurring, episodes 1–13; starring, episode 14–present), George and Tessa's nosy neighbor who lives directly across the street.",
"She is Fred's domineering wife and Lisa's very controlling mother.",
" Chris Parnell as Fred Shay (recurring, season 1; starring, season 2–present), Sheila's husband and Lisa's father.",
"He is also Ryan's adoptive father, as it was found out at the end of Season 1 that Ryan was adopted by Sheila.",
" Alan Tudyk as Noah Werner (starring, season 1–2; recurring, season 3–present), George's best friend, who is a dentist.",
"He often helps George assimilate into suburban culture, having moved out of the city some years earlier.",
" Rex Lee as Mr. Wolfe (starring, season 1–2; recurring, season 3–present), the school guidance counselor, who is always in a good mood.",
"He is openly gay, after being inspired by Tessa to come out."
] |
[
1
] |
Grand Duchy of Moscow
|
Why did Russia lose less population than other nations during plagues?
|
Russia
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
4
] |
[
"The most powerful successor state to Kievan Rus' was the Grand Duchy of Moscow (\"Moscovy\" in the Western chronicles), initially a part of Vladimir-Suzdal.",
"While still under the domain of the Mongol-Tatars and with their connivance, Moscow began to assert its influence in the Central Rus' in the early 14th century, gradually becoming the main leading force in the process of the Rus' lands' reunification and expansion of Russia.",
"Those were hard times, with frequent Mongol-Tatar raids and agriculture suffering from the beginning of the Little Ice Age.",
"As in the rest of Europe, plagues hit Russia somewhere once every five or six years from 1350 to 1490.",
"However, because of the lower population density and better hygiene (widespread practicing of banya, the wet steam bath), the population loss caused by plagues was not so severe as in the Western Europe, and the pre-Plague populations were reached in Russia as early as 1500.",
"Led by Prince Dmitry Donskoy of Moscow and helped by the Russian Orthodox Church, the united army of Russian principalities inflicted a milestone defeat on the Mongol-Tatars in the Battle of Kulikovo in 1380.",
"Moscow gradually absorbed the surrounding principalities, including the formerly strong rivals, such as Tver and Novgorod.",
"Ivan III (\"the Great\") finally threw off the control of the Golden Horde, consolidated the whole of Central and Northern Rus' under Moscow's dominion, and was the first to take the title \"Grand Duke of all the Russias\".",
"After the fall of Constantinople in 1453, Moscow claimed succession to the legacy of the Eastern Roman Empire.",
"Ivan III married Sophia Palaiologina, the niece of the last Byzantine emperor Constantine XI, and made the Byzantine double-headed eagle his own, and eventually Russian, coat-of-arms."
] |
[
1
] |
Dalí museums and permanent exhibitions
|
Where is Dali's permanent exhibition?
|
Salvador Dalí
| true | 3ART
|
[
6
] |
[
"Dalí Theatre and Museum – Figueres, Catalonia, Spain",
"Salvador Dalí House-Museum - Port Lligat, Catalonia, Spain",
"Gala Dalí House-Museum - Púbol, Catalonia, Spain",
"Salvador Dali Museum – St Petersburg, Florida, USA",
"Dalí Universe – Venice, Italy ",
"Espace Dalí – Paris, France",
"Dalí, permanent exhibition - Berlin, Germany"
] |
[
4
] |
Artistic depictions
|
How many themes are depicted in the last supper and what are they?
|
Last Supper
| false | 3ART
|
[
8,
5,
6
] |
[
"The Last Supper has been a popular subject in Christian art.",
"Depictions of the Last Supper in Christian art date back to early Christianity and can be seen in the Catacombs of Rome.",
"Byzantine artists frequently focused on the Apostles receiving Communion, rather than the reclining figures having a meal.",
"By the Renaissance, the Last Supper was a favorite topic in Italian art.",
"There are three major themes in the depictions of the last supper.",
"The first theme is the dramatic and dynamic depiction of Jesus' announcement of his betrayal.",
"The second theme is the moment of the institution of the tradition of the Eucharist.",
"The depictions here are generally solemn and mystical.",
"The third major theme is the farewell of Jesus to his disciples, in which Judas Iscariot is no longer present, having left the supper.",
"The depictions here are generally melancholy, as Jesus prepares his disciples for his departure.",
"There are also other, less frequently depicted scenes, such as the washing of the feet of the disciples.",
"Well known examples include Leonardo da Vinci's depiction, which is considered the first work of High Renaissance art due to its high level of harmony, Tintoretto's depiction which is unusual in that it includes secondary characters carrying or taking the dishes from the table and Salvadore Dali's depiction combines the typical Christian themes with modern approaches of Surrealism."
] |
[
0,
5
] |
Frozen fries
|
What year did McDonald's stop using fresh-cut potatoes and change to frozen fries?
|
French fries
| true | 9FOOD
|
[
3
] |
[
"Spreading popularity.",
"Frozen fries.",
"The J. R. Simplot Company is credited with successfully commercializing French fries in frozen form during the 1940s.",
"Subsequently, in 1967, Ray Kroc of McDonald's contracted the Simplot company to supply them with frozen fries, replacing fresh-cut potatoes.",
"In 2004, 29% of the United States' potato crop were used to make frozen fries – 90% consumed by the food services sector and 10% by retail.",
"It is estimated that 80% of households in the UK buy frozen fries each year.",
"Canada's McCain Foods is the world's leading producer of frozen fries."
] |
[
0
] |
National parks
|
What is next to the Victoria Falls National Park?
|
Victoria Falls
| false | 2TRAVEL
|
[
2,
3
] |
[
"Natural environment.",
"National parks.",
"The two national parks at the falls are relatively small—Mosi-oa-Tunya National Park is and Victoria Falls National Park is .",
"However, next to the latter on the southern bank is the Zambezi National Park, extending west along the river.",
"Animals can move between the two Zimbabwean parks and can also reach Matetsi Safari Area, Kazuma Pan National Park and Hwange National Park to the south.",
"On the Zambian side, fences and the outskirts of Livingstone tend to confine most animals to the Mosi-oa-Tunya National Park.",
"In addition fences put up by lodges in response to crime restrict animal movement.",
"In 2004 a separate group of police called the Tourism Police was started.",
"They are commonly seen around the main tourist areas, and can be identified by their uniforms with yellow reflective bibs."
] |
[
0
] |
Culture
|
Which empire does Brazil have strong colonial ties with
|
Brazil
| false | 5COUNTRY
|
[
0
] |
[
"The core culture of Brazil is derived from Portuguese culture, because of its strong colonial ties with the Portuguese empire.",
"Among other influences, the Portuguese introduced the Portuguese language, Roman Catholicism and colonial architectural styles.",
"The culture was, however, also strongly influenced by African, indigenous and non-Portuguese European cultures and traditions.",
"Some aspects of Brazilian culture were influenced by the contributions of Italian, German and other European as well Japanese, Jewish and Arab immigrants who arrived in large numbers in the South and Southeast of Brazil.",
"The indigenous Amerindians influenced Brazil's language and cuisine; and the Africans influenced language, cuisine, music, dance and religion.",
"Brazilian art has developed since the 16th century into different styles that range from Baroque (the dominant style in Brazil until the early 19th century) to Romanticism, Modernism, Expressionism, Cubism, Surrealism and Abstractionism.",
"Brazilian cinema dates back to the birth of the medium in the late 19th century and has gained a new level of international acclaim since the 1960s."
] |
[] |
Types
|
What is particle therapy?
|
Radiation therapy
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
6
] |
[
"Historically, the three main divisions of radiation therapy are external beam radiation therapy (EBRT or XRT) or teletherapy, brachytherapy or sealed source radiation therapy, and systemic radioisotope therapy or unsealed source radiotherapy.",
"The differences relate to the position of the radiation source; external is outside the body, brachytherapy uses sealed radioactive sources placed precisely in the area under treatment, and systemic radioisotopes are given by infusion or oral ingestion.",
"Brachytherapy can use temporary or permanent placement of radioactive sources.",
"The temporary sources are usually placed by a technique called afterloading.",
"In afterloading a hollow tube or applicator is placed surgically in the organ to be treated, and the sources are loaded into the applicator after the applicator is implanted.",
"This minimizes radiation exposure to health care personnel.",
"Particle therapy is a special case of external beam radiation therapy where the particles are protons or heavier ions.",
"Intraoperative radiation therapy or IORT is a special type of radiation therapy that is delivered immediately after surgical removal of the cancer.",
"This method has been employed in breast cancer (TARGeted Introperative radiation therapy or TARGIT), brain tumors and rectal cancers."
] |
[
0
] |
Reception and contest
|
A video campaign for "Starships" was announced on what date?
|
Starships (song)
| false | 0MUSIC
|
[
1
] |
[
"MTV's John Mitchell criticized the video's postponed release, finding it strange that the video for the album's third single, \"Beez in the Trap\", was released before that of \"Starships\".",
"On May 28, 2012, a \"Starships\" video campaign was announced on Minaj's official website.",
"It asked fans to record a video of themselves performing \"Starships\" by singing, dancing or with a musical instrument.",
"Minaj will then select 5 winners.",
"The contest winners won tickets and passes to meet Minaj on her Pink Friday Tour.",
"The song won the MTV Video Music Award for Best Female Video in September 2012."
] |
[
0
] |
Pathogens
|
what are pathogens?
|
Bacteria
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
0
] |
[
"If bacteria form a parasitic association with other organisms, they are classed as pathogens.",
"Pathogenic bacteria are a major cause of human death and disease and cause infections such as tetanus, typhoid fever, diphtheria, syphilis, cholera, foodborne illness, leprosy and tuberculosis.",
"A pathogenic cause for a known medical disease may only be discovered many years after, as was the case with \"Helicobacter pylori\" and peptic ulcer disease.",
"Bacterial diseases are also important in agriculture, with bacteria causing leaf spot, fire blight and wilts in plants, as well as Johne's disease, mastitis, salmonella and anthrax in farm animals.",
"Each species of pathogen has a characteristic spectrum of interactions with its human hosts.",
"Some organisms, such as \"Staphylococcus\" or \"Streptococcus\", can cause skin infections, pneumonia, meningitis and even overwhelming sepsis, a systemic inflammatory response producing shock, massive vasodilation and death.",
"Yet these organisms are also part of the normal human flora and usually exist on the skin or in the nose without causing any disease at all.",
"Other organisms invariably cause disease in humans, such as the Rickettsia, which are obligate intracellular parasites able to grow and reproduce only within the cells of other organisms.",
"One species of Rickettsia causes typhus, while another causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever.",
"\"Chlamydia\", another phylum of obligate intracellular parasites, contains species that can cause pneumonia, or urinary tract infection and may be involved in coronary heart disease.",
"Finally, some species such as \"Pseudomonas aeruginosa\", \"Burkholderia cenocepacia\", and \"Mycobacterium avium\" are opportunistic pathogens and cause disease mainly in people suffering from immunosuppression or cystic fibrosis.",
"Bacterial infections may be treated with antibiotics, which are classified as bacteriocidal if they kill bacteria, or bacteriostatic if they just prevent bacterial growth.",
"There are many types of antibiotics and each class inhibits a process that is different in the pathogen from that found in the host.",
"An example of how antibiotics produce selective toxicity are chloramphenicol and puromycin, which inhibit the bacterial ribosome, but not the structurally different eukaryotic ribosome.",
"Antibiotics are used both in treating human disease and in intensive farming to promote animal growth, where they may be contributing to the rapid development of antibiotic resistance in bacterial populations.",
"Infections can be prevented by antiseptic measures such as sterilizing the skin prior to piercing it with the needle of a syringe, and by proper care of indwelling catheters.",
"Surgical and dental instruments are also sterilized to prevent contamination by bacteria.",
"Disinfectants such as bleach are used to kill bacteria or other pathogens on surfaces to prevent contamination and further reduce the risk of infection."
] |
[
0
] |
TeamGym
|
Where did the first official TeamGym competition take place?
|
Gymnastics
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
1
] |
[
"The TeamGym competition is one of the latest new events within the UEG.",
"The first official competition was held in Finland in 1996 and it takes place every even-numbered year.",
"TeamGym is a team competition for clubs and consist of three sections: women, men and mixed teams.",
"TeamGym competitions exhibit gymnastic skills in three different disciplines; floor, tumbling and trampette.",
"In common for the performance is effective teamwork, good technique in the element and spectacular acrobatic elements.",
"The event is attractive for spectators and media as well as sponsors.",
" Floor Programme: All members of the Team take part in the floor program, composed of a mixture of dance, flexibility and skill.",
"The routine has to be skillfully choreographed and the judges look out for changes in shape.",
"There needs to be at least two spins, two jumps/leaps, two acrobatic elements, two balance/power elements, two section elements and one combination of elements.",
"These section elements are bodywaves for women's teams, power elements for men's teams and lifts for mixed teams.",
"Floor routines are performed to music.",
" Trampette: There are two components of this section of floor pregame.",
"Vault and trampette on its own.",
"One of the three total runs that the gymnasts make must be a vault run.",
"Generally the first round is chosen for each individual gymnast to perform the same move.",
"These are also performed to music.",
" Tumbling: Again, here there are three runs (rounds) involved.",
"One of which has to include all six gymnasts doing a forwards series.",
"Another run also has to include the gymnasts completing the same move.",
"Each series must have at least three different acrobatic elements."
] |
[
4
] |
Modern era
|
When was the first evaporator patented?
|
Maple syrup
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
2
] |
[
"Around the time of the American Civil War, syrup makers started using large, flat sheet metal pans as they were more efficient for boiling than heavy, rounded iron kettles, because of a greater surface area for evaporation.",
"Around this time, cane sugar replaced maple sugar as the dominant sweetener in the US; as a result, producers focused marketing efforts on maple syrup.",
"The first evaporator, used to heat and concentrate sap, was patented in 1858.",
"In 1872, an evaporator was developed that featured two pans and a metal arch or firebox, which greatly decreased boiling time.",
"Around 1900, producers bent the tin that formed the bottom of a pan into a series of flues, which increased the heated surface area of the pan and again decreased boiling time.",
"Some producers also added a finishing pan, a separate batch evaporator, as a final stage in the evaporation process.",
"Buckets began to be replaced with plastic bags, which allowed people to see at a distance how much sap had been collected.",
"Syrup producers also began using tractors to haul vats of sap from the trees being tapped (the sugarbush) to the evaporator.",
"Some producers adopted motor-powered tappers and metal tubing systems to convey sap from the tree to a central collection container, but these techniques were not widely used.",
"Heating methods also diversified: modern producers use wood, oil, natural gas, propane, or steam to evaporate sap.",
"Modern filtration methods were perfected to prevent contamination of the syrup.",
"A large number of technological changes took place during the 1970s.",
"Plastic tubing systems that had been experimental since the early part of the century were perfected, and the sap came directly from the tree to the evaporator house.",
"Vacuum pumps were added to the tubing systems, and preheaters were developed to recycle heat lost in the steam.",
"Producers developed reverse-osmosis machines to take a portion of water out of the sap before it was boiled, increasing processing efficiency.",
"Improvements in tubing and vacuum pumps, new filtering techniques, \"supercharged\" preheaters, and better storage containers have since been developed.",
"Research continues on pest control and improved woodlot management.",
"In 2009, researchers at the University of Vermont unveiled a new type of tap that prevents backflow of sap into the tree, reducing bacterial contamination and preventing the tree from attempting to heal the bore hole.",
"Experiments show that it may be possible to use saplings in a plantation instead of mature trees dramatically boosting productivity per acre."
] |
[
2
] |
Objections over the unattributed use of recordings of 9/11 victims
|
Were recordings used without attribution in Zero Dark Thirty?
|
Zero Dark Thirty
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
0
] |
[
"According to the relatives of Betty Ong, a flight attendant on a hijacked American Airlines plane, a clip from her call to headquarters was used in the beginning of the film without attribution.",
"They demanded that, if the film won any awards, the filmmakers apologize at the Academy Awards ceremony for using the clip without getting her heirs' consent.",
"Her family also asked that the film's U.S. distributors make a charitable donation in Ong's name, and should go on record that the Ong family does not endorse the use of torture.",
"The end of the film already includes a statement paying tribute to the victims and the families of the 9/11 attacks, and the film producers have already contributed to the memorial and museum being built at Ground Zero.",
"Mary and Frank Fetchet, parents of Brad Fetchet, who worked on the 89th floor of the World Trade Center's south tower, criticized the filmmakers for using a recording of their son's voicemail without permission.",
"The recording has previously been heard in broadcast TV news reports and in testimony for the 9/11 Commission."
] |
[] |
Music
|
Who are the most famous 20th century French composers?
|
France
| false | 5COUNTRY
|
[
7
] |
[
"France has a long and varied musical history.",
"It experienced a golden age in the 17th century thanks to Louis XIV, who employed several musicians and composers in the royal court.",
"The most renowned composers of this period include Marc-Antoine Charpentier, François Couperin, Michel-Richard Delalande, Jean-Baptiste Lully and Marin Marais, all of them composers at the court.",
"After the death of the \"Roi Soleil\", French musical creation lost dynamism, but in the next century the music of Jean-Philippe Rameau reached some prestige, and today he is still one of the most renowned French composers.",
"French classical music knew a revival in the 19th and 20th century, at the end of the romantic movement, at first with opera composers Hector Berlioz, Georges Bizet, Gabriel Fauré, Charles Gounod, Jacques Offenbach, Édouard Lalo, Jules Massenet and Camille Saint-Saëns.",
"This period was a golden age for operas, being popular in the country the opéra bouffon, the opera-ballet and the opéra comique genres.",
"Later came precursors of modern classical music Érik Satie, Francis Poulenc, and above all Maurice Ravel and Claude Debussy, who invented new musical forms.",
"More recently, at the middle of the 20th century, Maurice Ohana, Pierre Schaeffer and Pierre Boulez contributed to the evolutions of contemporary classical music.",
"French music then followed the rapid emergence of pop and rock music at the middle of the 20th century.",
"Although English-speaking creations achieved popularity in the country, French pop music, known as \"chanson française\", has also remained very popular.",
"Among the most important French artists of the century are Édith Piaf, Georges Brassens, Léo Ferré, Charles Aznavour and Serge Gainsbourg.",
"Although there are very few rock bands in France compared to English-speaking countries, bands such as Noir Désir, Mano Negra, Niagara, Les Rita Mitsouko and more recently Superbus, Phoenix and Gojira have reached worldwide popularity.",
"Other French artists with international careers have been popular in several countries, for example female singers Dalida, Mireille Mathieu and Mylène Farmer, electronic music pioneers Jean-Michel Jarre, Laurent Garnier and Bob Sinclar, and later Martin Solveig and David Guetta.",
"In the 1990s and 2000s (decade), electronic duos Daft Punk, Justice and Air also reached worldwide popularity and contributed to the reputation of modern electronic music in the world.",
"Among current musical events and institutions in France, many are dedicated to classical music and operas.",
"The most prestigious institutions are the state-owned Paris National Opera (with its two sites Palais Garnier and Opéra Bastille), the Opéra National de Lyon, the Théâtre du Châtelet in Paris, the Théâtre du Capitole in Toulouse and the Grand Théâtre de Bordeaux.",
"As for music festivals, there are several events organized, the most popular being the Eurockéennes and Rock en Seine.",
"The Fête de la Musique, imitated by many foreign cities, was first launched by the French government in 1982.",
"Major music halls and venues in France include Le Zénith sites present in many cities and other places in Paris (Paris Olympia, Théâtre Mogador, Élysée Montmartre, etc.",
")."
] |
[
3
] |
Nutritional value and health benefits
|
How much fat does yogurt contain?
|
Yogurt
| true | 9FOOD
|
[
5
] |
[
"Yogurt is nutritionally rich in protein, calcium, riboflavin, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12.",
"It has nutritional benefits beyond those of milk.",
"Lactose-intolerant individuals can sometimes tolerate yogurt better than other dairy products, because the lactose in the milk is converted to glucose and galactose, and partially fermented to lactic acid, by the bacterial culture.",
"Yogurt containing live cultures has been found effective in a randomized trial at preventing antibiotic-associated diarrhea.",
"Yogurt contains varying amounts of fat.",
"There is non-fat (0% fat), low-fat (usually 2% fat) and plain or whole milk yogurt (4% fat).",
"A study published in the \"International Journal of Obesity\" (11 January 2005) also found that the consumption of low-fat yogurt can promote weight loss, relative to a gelatin placebo.",
"Yogurt is a valuable health food for both infants and elderly persons.",
"For children, it is a balanced source of protein, fats, carbohydrates, and minerals.",
"For senior citizens, who usually have more sensitive colons or whose intestines have run out of lactase, yogurt is also a valuable food.",
"Elderly intestines showed declining levels of bifidus bacteria, which allow the growth of toxin-producing and, perhaps, cancer-causing bacteria.",
"Yogurt may help prevent osteoporosis, reduce the risk of high blood pressure.",
"Yogurt with active cultures helps the gut, may discourage vaginal infections, and may help one feel fuller.",
"The \"yogurt defense\" was made famous by the trial of Carol Downer, one of the developers of menstrual extraction.",
"She was arrested at her self-help group and charged with practicing medicine without a license, as she inserted yogurt into the vagina of another woman to treat a yeast condition.",
"Carol Downer was acquitted; the jury did not equate inserting yogurt with practicing medicine."
] |
[
5
] |
North Korea
|
What did Kim Il-sung tell his pilots to inspire them?
|
Vietnam War
| true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
4
] |
[
"As a result of a decision of the Korean Workers' Party in October 1966, in early 1967 North Korea sent a fighter squadron to North Vietnam to back up the North Vietnamese 921st and 923rd fighter squadrons defending Hanoi.",
"They stayed through 1968, and 200 pilots were reported to have served.",
"In addition, at least two anti-aircraft artillery regiments were sent as well.",
"North Korea also sent weapons, ammunition and two million sets of uniforms to their comrades in North Vietnam.",
"Kim Il-sung is reported to have told his pilots to \"fight in the war as if the Vietnamese sky were their own\"."
] |
[
0
] |
Background
|
What was the director for the music video "Wide Awake"?
|
Wide Awake (Katy Perry song)
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
5,
6
] |
[
"Music video.",
"In March 2012, during an interview with MTV, Perry stated: \"I know exactly what that music video is.",
"I know exactly who is directing it.",
"I know the art direction, the people, the narrative, and I had that idea while I was writing the song\".",
"Filming of the official 3D music video for \"Wide Awake\" began on April 30, 2012 and ended on May 2, 2012.",
"The music video was directed by Tony T. Datis and will be used as a tie-in promotion for her 2012 3D autobiographical documentary film, \"\", as part of her deal with Pepsi.",
"On June 12, 2012, an official trailer directed by Lance Drake, was released on Perry's VEVO channel.",
"It started with a girl flipping through a book which displays flashbacks of the \"Teenage Dream\" era, describing each of the singles as a 'chapter', with Wide Awake being 'the final chapter'.",
"It also unveiled that there will be a fairytale storyline, with 'a giant labyrinth, a poisoned strawberry, a curious cat, prince charming, and a little girl'.",
"A second preview aired on June 13, 2012 during the season finale of the program \"Randy Jackson Presents: America's Best Dance Crew\"."
] |
[
0
] |
Abstract
|
How do you play the game of curling?
|
Curling
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
0
] |
[
"Curling is a sport in which players slide stones on a sheet of ice towards a target area which is segmented into four concentric rings.",
"It is related to bowls, boules and shuffleboard.",
"Two teams, each of four players, take turns sliding heavy, polished granite stones, also called \"rocks\", across the ice \"curling sheet\" towards the \"house\", a circular target marked on the ice.",
"Each team has eight stones.",
"The purpose is to accumulate the highest score for a \"game\"; points are scored for the stones resting closest to the centre of the house at the conclusion of each \"end\", which is completed when both teams have thrown all of their stones.",
"A game may consist of ten or eight ends.",
"The curler can induce a curved path by causing the stone to slowly turn as it slides, and the path of the rock may be further influenced by two sweepers with brooms who accompany it as it slides down the sheet, using the brooms to alter the state of the ice in front of the stone.",
"A great deal of strategy and teamwork go into choosing the ideal path and placement of a stone for each situation, and the skills of the curlers determine how close to the desired result the stone will achieve.",
"This gives curling its nickname of \"chess on ice\"."
] |
[
5
] |
Property boom and bust
|
What was the 2009 unemployment rate in Spain?
|
Spain
| false | 5COUNTRY
|
[
5
] |
[
"The adoption of the Euro saw a marked reduction in interest rates to historic lows.",
"The growth in the Spanish property market, which had begun in 1997, accelerated and within a few years had developed into a property bubble, financed largely by the cajas (regional savings banks under the oversight of the regional governments) and fed by the historically low interest rates and a massive growth of immigration.",
"The Spanish economy was credited for having avoided the virtual zero growth rate of some of its largest partners in the EU.",
"The country's economy created more than half of all the new jobs in the European Union over the five years ending 2005.",
"The bubble imploded in 2008, causing the collapse of Spain's large property related and construction sectors, causing mass layoffs, and a collapsing domestic demand for goods and services.",
"By the end of May 2009, unemployment reached 18.7% (37% for youths).",
"At first, Spain's banks and financial services avoided the early crisis of their counterparts in the US and UK.",
"This was particularly the case with Spain's international banks, Banco Santander and BBVA, that had diversified, international portfolios and had actively limited their exposure to housing mortgage risk.",
"Banco Santander was able to profit from the global financial crisis by taking over distressed British banking firms.",
"However, as the recession deepened and property prices slid, the growing bad debts of the smaller regional savings banks, the cajas, forced the intervention of Spain's central bank and government through a stabilisation and consolidation program, taking over or consolidating regional cajas and finally receiving a bank bailout from the European Central Bank in 2012."
] |
[
0
] |
Soviet Moon program
|
How many was the N1 unsuccessfully tested?
|
Space Race
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
8
] |
[
"The Soviet Union had planned to divide their lunar program into two separate manned programs: circumlunar flights in 1967 and lunar landings from 1968.",
"The circumlunar missions were to be launched by a UR-500 rocket, later known as the Proton.",
"The cosmonauts would be flown to the Moon in the Soyuz 7K-L1 (Zond), which made four unsuccessful unmanned flights between 1967 and 1970.",
"One flight of the Zond was, however, successful and returned its non-human passengers (tortoises) to Earth; had it been used for a manned circumlunar mission, the flight would have carried two cosmonauts.",
"The Soviet lunar landing missions would use spacecraft derived from the Soyuz 7K-L1.",
"The orbital module (Soyuz 7K-L3), the \"\"Lunniy Orbitalny Korabl\"\" (LOK), had a crew of two.",
"The LOK and a separate lunar lander, the \"\"Lunniy Korabl\"\" (LK), had 40% of the mass of the Apollo CSM/LM due to the launch vehicle's capabilities.",
"The launch vehicle would have been the N1 rocket, which was roughly the same height and takeoff mass as the American Saturn V, exceeded its takeoff thrust by 28%, and yet had roughly half the TLI payload capability.",
"The N1 was unsuccessfully tested four times, exploding each time due to problems with the first stage's thirty engines.",
"The Soviet leadership cancelled the program in 1970 after the first two successful American Moon landings."
] |
[
5
] |
Foundation
|
What is the mission of the Andy Warhol foundation?
|
Andy Warhol
| false | 3ART
|
[
3
] |
[
"Warhol's will dictated that his entire estate — with the exception of a few modest legacies to family members — would go to create a foundation dedicated to the \"advancement of the visual arts\".",
"Warhol had so many possessions that it took Sotheby's nine days to auction his estate after his death; the auction grossed more than US$20 million.",
"In 1987, in accordance with Warhol's will, the Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts began.",
"The foundation serves as the estate of Andy Warhol, but also has a mission \"to foster innovative artistic expression and the creative process\" and is \"focused primarily on supporting work of a challenging and often experimental nature.",
"\"The Artists Rights Society is the U.S. copyright representative for the Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts for all Warhol works with the exception of Warhol film stills.",
"The U.S. copyright representative for Warhol film stills is the Warhol Museum in Pittsburgh.",
"Additionally, the Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts has agreements in place for its image archive.",
"All digital images of Warhol are exclusively managed by Corbis, while all transparency images of Warhol are managed by Art Resource.",
"The Andy Warhol Foundation released its \"20th Anniversary Annual Report\" as a three-volume set in 2007: Vol.",
"I, 1987–2007; Vol.",
"II, Grants & Exhibitions; and Vol.",
"III, Legacy Program.",
"The Foundation remains one of the largest grant-giving organizations for the visual arts in the U.S."
] |
[
0
] |
Production
|
Which pseudo cereal was a staple of the Aztec empire?
|
Cereal
| true | 9FOOD
|
[
10
] |
[
"The following table shows the annual production of cereals in 1961, 2010, 2011, and 2012 ranked by 2012 production.",
"All but buckwheat and quinoa are true grasses (these two are pseudocereals).",
"Maize, wheat, and rice together accounted for 89% of all cereal production worldwide in 2012, and 43% of all food calories in 2009, while the production of oats and triticale have drastically fallen from their 1960s levels.",
"Other grains that are important in some places, but that have little production globally (and are not included in FAO statistics), include:",
" Teff, an ancient grain that is a staple in Ethiopia.",
"It is high in fiber and protein.",
"Its flour is often used to make injera.",
"It can also be eaten as a warm breakfast cereal similar to farina with a chocolate or nutty flavor.",
"Its flour and whole grain products can usually be found in natural foods stores.",
" Wild rice, grown in small amounts in North America.",
" Amaranth, an ancient pseudocereal, formerly a staple crop of the Aztec Empire and now widely grown in Africa.",
" Kañiwa, close relative of quinoa.",
"Several other species of wheat have also been domesticated, some very early in the history of agriculture:",
" Spelt, a close relative of common wheat.",
" Einkorn, a wheat species with a single grain.",
" Emmer, one of the first crops domesticated in the Fertile Crescent.",
" Durum, the only tetraploid species of wheat currently cultivated, used to make semolina.",
" Kamut, an ancient relative of durum with an unknown history."
] |
[] |
Background
|
The brother of Van Gogh was named what?
|
Portrait of Dr. Gachet
| true | 3ART
|
[
0
] |
[
"In 1890, Van Gogh's brother Theo was searching for a home for the artist upon his release from an asylum at Saint-Rémy.",
"Upon the recommendation of Camille Pissarro, a former patient of the doctor who told Theo of Gachet's interests in working with artists, Theo sent Vincent to Gachet's second home in Auvers.",
"Vincent van Gogh's first impression of Gachet was unfavorable.",
"Writing to Theo he remarked:\"I think that we must not count on Dr. Gachet at all.",
"First of all, he is sicker than I am, I think, or shall we say just as much, so that's that.",
"Now when one blind man leads another blind man, don't they both fall into the ditch?",
"\"However, in a letter dated two days later to their sister Wilhelmina, he relayed, \"I have found a true friend in Dr. Gachet, something like another brother, so much do we resemble each other physically and also mentally.\"",
"Van Gogh's thoughts returned several times to the painting by Eugène Delacroix of Torquato Tasso in the madhouse.",
"After a visit with Paul Gauguin to Montpellier to see Alfred Bruyas's collection in the Musée Fabre, Van Gogh wrote to Theo, asking if he could find a copy of the lithograph after the painting.",
"Three and a half months earlier, he had been thinking of the painting as an example of the sort of portraits he wanted to paint: \"But it would be more in harmony with what Eugène Delacroix attempted and brought off in his \"Tasso in Prison\", and many other pictures, representing a real man.",
"Ah!",
"portraiture, portraiture with the thought, the soul of the model in it, that is what I think must come.",
"\"Van Gogh wrote to his brother in 1890 about the painting:"
] |
[
0
] |
Impact of Hurricane Katrina
|
How many tourists came in 2009?
|
Bourbon Street
| false | 2TRAVEL
|
[
14
] |
[
"Given Bourbon Street's high ground location in the French Quarter, it was mostly intact following 2005's Hurricane Katrina.",
"A major tourist attraction, Bourbon Street renovation was given high priority after the storm.",
"Despite these efforts, New Orleans was still experiencing a dearth of visitors.",
"In 2004, a year before Katrina, the city had 10.1 million visitors.",
"A year after the storm, that number was 3.7 million.",
"Attempts to draw tourists back to the city were undertaken by the New Orleans Tourism Marketing Corporation that featured Louisiana celebrities such as chef Emeril Lagasse and actress Patricia Clarkson with the slogan \"Come Fall In Love With Louisiana All Over Again.\"",
"Attracting tourists was vital, as one third of the city's operating budget, approximately $6 billion, came from the tourism industry.",
"Officials saw tourists as vital for economic recovery in the city.",
"A major impedance for tourists were the mixed messages regarding the city's level of recovery.",
"Advertising campaigns gave the impression that the city was thriving.",
"At the same time, New Orleans was asking for increased federal assistance and National Guardsmen to combat crime waves in the city.",
"The tourism industry received a boom when the 2006 Mardi Gras went off without a hitch.",
"Popular Bourbon Street restaurants, such as Galatoire's, reopened around this time as well.",
"Reopening and rebuilding of popular tourist attractions led to a surge in post-Katrina tourists.",
"By 2009, the city attracted 7.9 million tourists."
] |
[
5
] |
Robert Lehman Collection
|
How does Robert Lehman's collection at the Met differ from other departments?
|
Metropolitan Museum of Art
| true | 2TRAVEL
|
[
3
] |
[
"On the passing of banker Robert Lehman in 1969, his Foundation donated 2,600 works of art to the museum.",
"Housed in the \"Robert Lehman Wing,\" the museum refers to the collection as \"one of the most extraordinary private art collections ever assembled in the United States\".",
"To emphasize the personal nature of the Robert Lehman Collection, the Met housed the collection in a special set of galleries which evoked the interior of Lehman's richly decorated townhouse; this intentional separation of the Collection as a \"museum within the museum\" met with mixed criticism and approval at the time, though the acquisition of the collection was seen as a coup for the Met.",
"Unlike other departments at the Met, the Robert Lehman collection does not concentrate on a specific style or period of art; rather, it reflects Lehman's personal interests.",
"Lehman the collector concentrated heavily on paintings of the Italian Renaissance, particularly the Sienese school.",
"Paintings in the collection include masterpieces by Botticelli and Domenico Veneziano, as well as works by a significant number of Spanish painters, El Greco and Goya among them.",
"Lehman's collection of drawings by the Old Masters, featuring works by Rembrandt and Dürer, is particularly valuable for its breadth and quality.",
"Princeton University Press has documented the massive collection in a multi-volume book series published as \"The Robert Lehman Collection Catalogues\"."
] |
[
5
] |
Tea trade to 1767
|
What century did Europeans develop a taste for tea?
|
Boston Tea Party
| true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
0
] |
[
"As Europeans developed a taste for tea in the 17th century, rival companies were formed to import the product from China.",
"In England, Parliament gave the East India Company a monopoly on the importation of tea in 1698.",
"When tea became popular in the British colonies, Parliament sought to eliminate foreign competition by passing an act in 1721 that required colonists to import their tea only from Great Britain.",
"The East India Company did not export tea to the colonies; by law, the company was required to sell its tea wholesale at auctions in England.",
"British firms bought this tea and exported it to the colonies, where they resold it to merchants in Boston, New York, Philadelphia, and Charleston.",
"Until 1767, the East India Company paid an \"ad valorem\" tax of about 25% on tea that it imported into Great Britain.",
"Parliament laid additional taxes on tea sold for consumption in Britain.",
"These high taxes, combined with the fact that tea imported into Holland was not taxed by the Dutch government, meant that Britons and British Americans could buy smuggled Dutch tea at much cheaper prices.",
"The biggest market for illicit tea was England—by the 1760s the East India Company was losing £400,000 per year to smugglers in Great Britain—but Dutch tea was also smuggled into British America in significant quantities.",
"In 1767, to help the East India Company compete with smuggled Dutch tea, Parliament passed the Indemnity Act, which lowered the tax on tea consumed in Great Britain, and gave the East India Company a refund of the 25% duty on tea that was re-exported to the colonies.",
"To help offset this loss of government revenue, Parliament also passed the Townshend Revenue Act of 1767, which levied new taxes, including one on tea, in the colonies.",
"Instead of solving the smuggling problem, however, the Townshend duties renewed a controversy about Parliament's right to tax the colonies."
] |
[
0
] |
History
|
Which southeast Asian country is a former British colony?
|
Egg tart
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
5
] |
[
"Custard tarts were introduced in Hong Kong in the 1940s by cha chaan tengs.",
"Which was derived from the original \"pastel de nata\" ( Portuguese egg tarts ).",
"Egg tarts evolved from the very similar Portuguese egg tart pastries, known as pastel de nata, traveling to Hong Kong via the Portuguese colony of Macau.",
"Hong Kong egg tarts are an adaptation of English custard tarts.",
"Canton (modern Guangdong) had more frequent contact with the West, in particular Britain, than the rest of China.",
"Also, as a former British colony, Hong Kong adopted some British cuisine."
] |
[] |
Dining and drinking in the Market
|
How far back does Three Girls Bakery date back to?
|
Pike Place Market
| false | 2TRAVEL
|
[
3
] |
[
"While one can easily graze one's way through the Market food stalls and shops, the Pike Place Market offers numerous other eating (and drinking) options.",
"The once endemic workingmen's and sailors' taverns are gone; at roughly opposite corners of the Market, the Virginia Inn (founded as Virginia Bar, approximately 1908; operated as a cardroom during Prohibition, then Virginia Inn; passed into current management 1980 and slowly gentrified) and Place Pigalle (originally Lotus Inn, name dates from 1950s, remodeled 1982) retain their names, but both have gone upmarket.",
"The Athenian Inn in the Main Market traces its history back to a 1909 bakery and is a relatively ungentrified bar and restaurant.",
"Three Girls Bakery dates back to 1912 and may have been the first Seattle business started by women.",
"While it is not in its original Corner Market location, no longer bakes on premises, and its current owner Jack Levy is a man, it still sells a vast variety of baked goods, does a brisk business in takeaway sandwiches, and has an old-style lunch counter.",
"For a different type of dining experience, the Pink Door (founded 1981), entered by a nearly unmarked door on upper Post Alley, is a favorite first-date restaurant, with solid Italian food, a fantasia of a dining room, a bar that sometimes features live jazz, and an outdoor deck overlooking Elliott Bay.",
"Another restaurant combining Italian food and romantic ambience is the \"grottolike\" Il Bistro, located below grade in the Economy Market, off a cobblestone ramp that leads to Lower Post Alley.",
"When it was founded in 1977 it was played an important role in the rise of fine dining in Seattle.",
"Other longstanding Market restaurants and bars include Lowell's (founded 1957), an old Main Market standby self-described as \"almost classy\"; French bistro Maximilien, founded in 1975 by François Kissel, owned since 1997 by host Axel Macé and chef Eric Francy, and highly praised by Julia Child; and the Copacabana (founded 1964), Seattle's only Bolivian restaurant, upstairs in the Triangle Market with a balcony overlooking Pike Place."
] |
[
5
] |
Healthcare
|
Which bodies deliver healthcare in Ireland?
|
Republic of Ireland
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
1
] |
[
"Although the Irish healthcare system comes under constant criticism from politicians and the public, Ireland has one of the most developed systems of healthcare in the world and healthcare professionals who are highly trained.",
"Healthcare in Ireland is provided by both public and private healthcare providers.",
"The Minister for Health has responsibility for setting overall health service policy.",
"Every resident of Ireland is entitled to receive health care through the public health care system, which is managed by the Health Service Executive and funded by general taxation.",
"A person may be required to pay a subsidised fee for certain health care received; this depends on income, age, illness or disability.",
"All maternity services are provided free of charge and children up to the age of 6 months.",
"Emergency care is provided to patients who present to a hospital Emergency Department.",
"However, visitors to Emergency Departments in non-emergency situations who are not referred by their GP may incur a fee of €100.",
"In some circumstances this fee is not payable or may be waived.",
"Anyone holding a European Health Insurance Card is entitled to free maintenance and treatment in public beds in Health Service Executive and voluntary hospitals.",
"Outpatient services are also provided for free.",
"However, the majority of patients on median incomes or above are required to pay subsidised hospital charges.",
"Private health insurance is available to the population for those who want to avail of it.",
"The average life expectancy in Ireland in 2012 is 81 years (OECD average life expectancy in 2012 was 80 years), with 78.2 years for men and 83.6 years for women.",
"It has the highest birth rate in the EU (16.8 births per 1,000 inhabitants, compared to an EU average of 10.7) and a very low infant mortality rate (3.5 per 1,000 live births).",
"The Irish healthcare system ranked 13th out of 34 European countries in 2012 according to the European Health Consumer Index produced by Health Consumer Powerhouse.",
"The same report ranked The Irish healthcare system as having the 8th best health outcomes but only the 21st most accessible system in Europe."
] |
[] |
Scanning probe microscopy
|
What person invented the atomic force microscope?
|
Microscope
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
2
] |
[
"The 1980s saw the development of the first scanning probe microscopes.",
"The first was the scanning tunneling microscope in 1981, developed by Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer.",
"This was closely followed in 1986 with Gerd Binnig, Quate, and Gerber's invention of the atomic force microscope."
] |
[
0
] |
Public soup kitchen
|
What is the definition of "chiaroscuro"?
|
Sien (Van Gogh series)
| true | 3ART
|
[
4
] |
[
"Quite poor, Sien's family often relied upon the public soup kitchen for food.",
"Hulsker called the signed drawing \"The Public Soup Kitchen\" (F1020a below) important and attractive.",
"Van Gogh and his contemporary George Hendrik Breitner had sketched together at a soup kitchen in the Geest (it is not known which of the several possibilities it was).",
"After going to the trouble and expense of installing shutters in his windows to adust the light and to recreate the scene itself in his studio, van Gogh was able to study his models at lesisure.",
"In this way he was able to introduce more \"chiaroscuro\" (light and dark) in his drawing, which he executed with the natural ('mountain') chalk that Theo had sent him and whose properties he lauds in his letters.",
"All the models are from Sien's family: her mother and baby on the left, her sister, back turned, and her daughter, hair cropped as a precaution against lice, in the center, with Sien herself, superbly executed in profile, on the right.",
"The watercolor F1020b (below) is much less successful as van Gogh himself acknowledged, blaming the paper in part for not being right for the job."
] |
[
0
] |
Curling culture
|
Where is curling a provincial sport at?
|
Curling
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
11,
12
] |
[
" culture.",
"Competition teams are normally named after the skip, for example, Team Martin after skip Kevin Martin.",
"Amateur league players can (and do) creatively name their teams, but when in competition (a bonspiel) the official team will have a standard name.",
"Top curling championships are typically played by all-male or all-female teams.",
"The game is known as mixed curling when a team consists of two men and two women.",
"The Canadian Mixed Curling Championship is the highest-level mixed curling competition, in the absence of world championship or Olympic mixed curling events.",
"Curling tournaments may use the Schenkel system for determining the participants in matches.",
"Curling is played in many countries, including Canada, the United Kingdom (especially Scotland), the United States, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, Denmark, Finland and Japan, all of which compete in the world championships.",
"Curling is particularly popular in Canada.",
"Improvements in ice making and changes in the rules to increase scoring and promote complex strategy have increased the already high popularity of the sport in Canada, and large television audiences watch annual curling telecasts, especially the Scotties Tournament of Hearts (the national championship for women), the Tim Hortons Brier (the national championship for men), and the women's and men's world championships.",
"Despite the Canadian province of Manitoba's small population (ranked 5th of 10 Canadian provinces), Manitoban teams have won the Brier more times than teams from any other province.",
"The Tournament of Hearts and the Brier are contested by provincial and territorial champions, and the world championships by national champions.",
"Curling is the provincial sport of Saskatchewan.",
"From there Ernie Richardson and his family team dominated Canadian and international curling during the late 1950s and early 1960s and have been considered to be the best male curlers of all time.",
"Sandra Schmirler led her team to the first ever gold medal in women's curling in the 1998 Winter Olympics.",
"When she died two years later from cancer, over 15,000 people attended her funeral, and it was broadcast on national television."
] |
[
4
] |
Astrophysics and gravitational waves
|
What did Hawking call the Big Bang theory?
|
Gravitational wave
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
6
] |
[
"During the past century, astronomy has been revolutionized by the use of new methods for observing the universe.",
"Astronomical observations were originally made using visible light.",
"Galileo Galilei pioneered the use of telescopes to enhance these observations.",
"However, visible light is only a small portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, and not all objects in the distant universe shine strongly in this particular band.",
"More useful information may be found, for example, in radio wavelengths.",
"Using radio telescopes, astronomers have found pulsars, quasars, and other extreme objects that push the limits of our understanding of physics.",
"Observations in the microwave band have opened our eyes to the faint imprints of the Big Bang, a discovery Stephen Hawking called the \"greatest discovery of the century, if not all time\".",
"Similar advances in observations using gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet light, and infrared light have also brought new insights to astronomy.",
"As each of these regions of the spectrum has opened, new discoveries have been made that could not have been made otherwise.",
"Astronomers hope that the same holds true of gravitational waves.",
"Gravitational waves have two important and unique properties.",
"First, there is no need for any type of matter to be present nearby in order for the waves to be generated by a binary system of uncharged black holes, which would emit no electromagnetic radiation.",
"Second, gravitational waves can pass through any intervening matter without being scattered significantly.",
"Whereas light from distant stars may be blocked out by interstellar dust, for example, gravitational waves will pass through essentially unimpeded.",
"These two features allow gravitational waves to carry information about astronomical phenomena never before observed by humans.",
"The sources of gravitational waves described above are in the low-frequency end of the gravitational-wave spectrum (10−7 to 105 Hz).",
"An astrophysical source at the high-frequency end of the gravitational-wave spectrum (above 105 Hz and probably 1010 Hz) generates relic gravitational waves that are theorized to be faint imprints of the Big Bang like the cosmic microwave background (see gravitational wave background).",
"At these high frequencies it is potentially possible that the sources may be \"man made\" that is, gravitational waves generated and detected in the laboratory."
] |
[
0
] |
Sequels and spin-offs
|
When was "The Lion King 1½" released?
|
The Lion King
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
5
] |
[
"Sequels and spin-offs.",
"Between 1995 and 1999, the characters of Timon and Pumbaa received their own animated show, \"The Lion King's Timon and Pumbaa\", which ran for three seasons and 85 episodes.",
"Ernie Sabella continued to voice Pumbaa, while Timon was voiced by Quinton Flynn and Kevin Schon in addition to Nathan Lane himself.",
"In 1998, a sequel entitled \"\" was released on VHS.",
"The film centers around Simba and Nala's daughter, Kiara, who falls in love with Kovu, a male lion who was raised in a pride of Scar's followers, the Outsiders.",
"2004 saw the release of another \"Lion King\" film on DVD, \"The Lion King 1½\".",
"It is a prequel in showing how Timon and Pumbaa met each other, and also a parallel in that it also depicts what the characters were retconned to have done during the events of the original movie."
] |
[
2
] |
Plot
|
how old is scott howard?
|
Teen Wolf
| false | 1TV
|
[
0
] |
[
"Seventeen-year-old high school student Scott Howard is sick of being average and wishing he were special.",
"His father runs a local hardware store.",
"Scott plays basketball for his high school's team, the Beavers, with a not-so-good win-loss record.",
"The girl of his dreams, Pamela Wells, is dating Mick McAllister, a jerk from an opposing high school team, the Dragons.",
"After another of the team's losses, Scott begins to notice strange changes to his body.",
"While at a party, Scott keeps undergoing changes and eventually he returns home, locks himself in the bathroom, and undergoes a complete change and becomes a werewolf, while his father demands that he open the door.",
"He tries to refuse, only to finally give in and find his father has also transformed.",
"Harold never told his son about the condition because \"sometimes it skips a generation\" and he was hoping it would not happen to Scott.",
"Scott accidentally reveals his transformation to the public at one of his basketball games.",
"After momentarily stunning the crowd with The Wolf, Scott goes on to amaze them with his basketball skills.",
"Scott subsequently learns to use his family \"curse\" to gain popularity at school, becoming the team's star basketball player, and learns to transform at will between his normal self and The Wolf.",
"His team goes from last to first, and Scott begins spending most of his time at school as The Wolf.",
"He also wins the interest of Pamela while ignoring the affections of his best friend, Boof, who has loved him since childhood.",
"One night at a school dance, however, he gets into a confrontation with Mick causing Scott to become The Wolf and claw Mick.",
"Though Mick isn't seriously injured, the crowd starts looking at Scott as a monster rather than the cool basketball star he had become.",
"The conclusion of the film finds Scott playing in the championship basketball game as himself against Mick's team.",
"During the game Mick constantly fouls Scott leading Scott to remind him if he keeps fouling he will be benched.",
"Mick fouls him one last time leading Scott to shoot two free throws.",
"He makes both baskets putting the Beavers ahead and wins the game.",
"While Scott is being carried by the crowd, Pamela walks over to him, but he snubs her and runs over to Boof where they kiss.",
"Mick goes to get Pamela, who now has lost interest in the former basketball hero.",
"The last scene shows Scott, Boof, and Mr. Howard embracing as the whole school celebrates."
] |
[
5
] |
Composition and lyrics
|
When the song was written what was the key note?
|
We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
3
] |
[
"The three minute and twelve second song features electronic heavy production and a pop music vocal styling, a musical transition for Swift.",
"An alternate edition was recorded for country radio featuring a different instrumental arrangement.",
"The country arrangement replaced the guitar, drum machine, and synthesisers with a banjo, mandolin, fiddle, steel guitar and snare drums.",
"It was written in the key of G Major with a common time signature and a slow tempo of eighty-six beats per minute Moderate Rock beat, with Swift's vocals spanning one octave & four notes, from G3 to D5.",
"The track features an acoustic guitar (some of its sounds are reversed) and various synthesizers over an electronic drum beat.",
"The song was written by Swift, along with Max Martin and Shellback.",
"The lyrics discuss Swift's frustration towards a former male lover who wants to rekindle their relationship."
] |
[
2,
0
] |
Beginnings as a sculptor
|
When did Henry Moore become a student at the Leeds School of Art?
|
Henry Moore
| false | 3ART
|
[
0
] |
[
"After the war Moore received an ex-serviceman's grant to continue his education and in 1919 he became a student at the Leeds School of Art (now Leeds College of Art), which set up a sculpture studio especially for him.",
"At the college, he met Barbara Hepworth, a fellow student who would also become a well-known British sculptor, and began a friendship and gentle professional rivalry that lasted for many years.",
"In Leeds, Moore also had access to the modernist works in the collection of Sir Michael Sadler, the University Vice-Chancellor, which had a pronounced effect on his development.",
"In 1921, Moore won a scholarship to study at the Royal College of Art in London, along with Hepworth and other Yorkshire contemporaries.",
"While in London, Moore extended his knowledge of primitive art and sculpture, studying the ethnographic collections at the Victoria and Albert Museum and the British Museum.",
"The student sculptures of both Moore and Hepworth followed the standard romantic Victorian style, and included natural forms, landscapes and figurative modelling of animals.",
"Moore later became uncomfortable with classically derived ideals; his later familiarity with primitivism and the influence of sculptors such as Constantin Brâncuși, Jacob Epstein, Henri Gaudier-Brzeska and Frank Dobson led him to the method of direct carving, in which imperfections in the material and marks left by tools became part of the finished sculpture.",
"Having adopted this technique, Moore was in conflict with academic tutors who did not appreciate such a modern approach.",
"During one exercise set by Derwent Wood (the professor of sculpture at the Royal College), Moore was asked to reproduce a marble relief of Domenico Rosselli's \"The Virgin and Child\" by first modelling the relief in plaster, then reproducing it in marble using the mechanical technique of \"pointing\".",
"Instead, he carved the relief directly, even marking the surface to simulate the prick marks that would have been left by the pointing machine.",
"In 1924, Moore won a six-month travelling scholarship which he spent in Northern Italy studying the great works of Michelangelo, Giotto di Bondone, Giovanni Pisano and several other Old Masters.",
"During this period he also visited Paris, took advantage of the timed-sketching classes at the Académie Colarossi, and viewed, in the Trocadero, a plaster cast of a Toltec-Maya sculptural form, the Chac Mool, previously seen in book illustrations.",
"The reclining figure was to have a profound effect upon Moore's work, becoming the primary motif of his sculpture."
] |
[
2
] |
Personnel
|
Who are the songwriters for rolling in the deep, sung by Adele?
|
Rolling in the Deep
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
1
] |
[
"Vocals – Adele",
"Songwriting - Paul Epworth & Adele Adkins",
"Production, bass, acoustic guitar, electric guitar, percussion and backing vocals – Paul Epworth ",
"Mixing – Tom Elmhirst",
"Mixing assistant – Dan Parry",
"Recording – Mark Rankin",
"Piano – Neil Cowley",
"Drums – Leo Taylor",
"Mastering – Tom Coyne",
"Credits adapted from liner notes:"
] |
[
3
] |
Abstract
|
After a child is born where can stem cells be obtained?
|
Stem cell
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
9
] |
[
"Stem cells are undifferentiated biological cells that can differentiate into specialized cells and can divide (through mitosis) to produce more stem cells.",
"They are found in multicellular organisms.",
"In mammals, there are two broad types of stem cells: embryonic stem cells, which are isolated from the inner cell mass of blastocysts, and adult stem cells, which are found in various tissues.",
"In adult organisms, stem cells and progenitor cells act as a repair system for the body, replenishing adult tissues.",
"In a developing embryo, stem cells can differentiate into all the specialized cells—ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm (see induced pluripotent stem cells)—but also maintain the normal turnover of regenerative organs, such as blood, skin, or intestinal tissues.",
"There are three accessible sources of autologous adult stem cells in humans:",
" Bone marrow, which requires extraction by \"harvesting\", that is, drilling into bone (typically the femur or iliac crest),",
" Adipose tissue (lipid cells), which requires extraction by liposuction, and",
" Blood, which requires extraction through apheresis, wherein blood is drawn from the donor (similar to a blood donation), and passed through a machine that extracts the stem cells and returns other portions of the blood to the donor.",
"Stem cells can also be taken from umbilical cord blood just after birth.",
"Of all stem cell types, autologous harvesting involves the least risk.",
"By definition, autologous cells are obtained from one's own body, just as one may bank his or her own blood for elective surgical procedures.",
"Adult stem cells are frequently used in medical therapies, for example in bone marrow transplantation.",
"Stem cells can now be artificially grown and transformed (differentiated) into specialized cell types with characteristics consistent with cells of various tissues such as muscles or nerves.",
"Embryonic cell lines and autologous embryonic stem cells generated through therapeutic cloning have also been proposed as promising candidates for future therapies.",
"Research into stem cells grew out of findings by Ernest A. McCulloch and James E. Till at the University of Toronto in the 1960s."
] |
[
4
] |
Abstract
|
Was the year Robin conceived the figure 1880?
|
The Thinker
| true | 3ART
|
[
3
] |
[
"The Thinker (\"\") is a bronze sculpture by Auguste Rodin, usually placed on a stone pedestal.",
"The work shows a nude male figure of over life-size sitting on a rock with his chin resting on one hand as though deep in thought, and is often used as an image to represent philosophy.",
"There are about 28 full size castings, in which the figure is about high, though not all were made during Rodin's lifetime and under his supervision, as well as various other versions, several in plaster, studies, and posthumous castings, in a range of sizes.",
"Rodin first conceived the figure as part of another work in 1880, but the first of the familiar monumental bronze castings did not appear until 1904."
] |
[] |
The Dowding System
|
Define "Dowding system"?
|
Battle of Britain
| true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
3
] |
[
"RAF strategy.",
"The Dowding System.",
"During early tests of the Chain Home system, the slow flow of information from the CH radars and observers to the aircraft often caused them to miss their \"bandits\".",
"The solution, today known as the \"Dowding system\", was to create a set of reporting chains to move information from the various observation points to the pilots in their fighters.",
"It was named after its chief architect, \"Stuffy\" Dowding.",
"Reports from CH radars and the Royal Observer Corps were sent directly to Fighter Command Headquarters (FCHQ) where they were \"filtered\" to combine multiple reports of the same formations into single tracks.",
"Telephone operators would then forward only the information of interest to the Group headquarters, where the map would be re-created.",
"This process was repeated to produce another version of the map at the Sector level, covering a much smaller area.",
"Looking over their maps, Group level commanders could select squadrons to attack particular targets.",
"From that point the Sector operators would give commands to the fighters to arrange an interception, as well as return them to base.",
"Sector stations also controlled the anti-aircraft batteries in their area; an army officer sat beside each fighter controller and directed the gun crews when to open and cease fire.",
"The Dowding system dramatically improved the speed and accuracy of the information that flowed to the pilots.",
"During the early war period it was expected that an average interception mission might have a 30% chance of ever seeing their target.",
"During the Battle, the Dowding system maintained an average rate over 75%, with several examples of 100% rates - every fighter dispatched found and intercepted its target.",
"Luftwaffe fighters randomly found targets and often returned home having never seen an enemy aircraft.",
"The result is what is now known as an example of \"force multiplication\"; RAF fighters were as effective as two or more Luftwaffe fighters, greatly offsetting, or overturning, the disparity in actual numbers."
] |
[] |
Costume design
|
Why does Bane use a mask in the Dark Knight rises?
|
The Dark Knight Rises
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
1
] |
[
"Costume design.",
"Costume designer Lindy Hemming explained that Bane uses a mask to inhale an analgesic gas, which, in director Christopher Nolan's words, \"keeps his pain just below the threshold so he can function.\"",
"In designing Bane's costume, Hemming needed it to look \"like an amalgam of all sorts of bits and pieces he cobbled together, as he passed through some very remote places.",
"We made parts of his vest, for example, from fragments of an old military tent.",
"His clothes are militaristic, but are not in any way a uniform.\"",
"Hemming also designed Bane's mask to look \"animalistic\".",
"Costume effects supervisor Graham Churchyard created a three-dimensional model of actor Tom Hardy's face and skull to design the mask, allowing the mask to perfectly conform to the contours of Hardy's face.",
"Hemming personally designed Bane's coat, which she admitted took two years to complete.",
"Taking inspiration from a Swedish army jacket and a frock coat from the French Revolution, it was designed to make Bane look like equal parts dictatorial and revolutionary.",
"The design was difficult as Hemming struggled to find a tailor in Los Angeles who could work with shearling.",
"The Batsuit consisted of 110 separate pieces, each of which had to be replicated dozens of times over the course of the production.",
"The base layer was made of a polyester mesh that is utilized by the military and high-tech sports manufacturers because of its breathability and moisture-wicking properties.",
"Molded pieces of flexible urethane were then attached to the mesh, to form the overall body armor plating.",
"Carbon fiber panels were placed inside the sections on the legs, chest and abdomen.",
"The cowl was sculpted from a cast of Bale's face and head to become a perfect fit for Christian Bale.",
"The suit remained unchanged for the film since \"The Dark Knight\".",
"In creating Selina Kyle's catsuit, two layers of material were used, with the outer layer being polyurethane coated spandex, embossed with a hexagonal pattern.",
"The catsuit also consisted of elbow-length gloves, a utility belt, and thigh-high boots with spike heels."
] |
[
1
] |
Characteristics
|
What exactly is the Arepa?
|
Arepa
| true | 9FOOD
|
[
0
] |
[
"The \"arepa\" is a flat, round, unleavened patty made of soaked, ground kernels of maize, or—more frequently nowadays—maizemeal or maize flour which can be grilled, baked, fried, boiled or steamed, etc.",
"The characteristics vary by color, flavor, size, and the food with which it may be stuffed, depending on the region.",
"\"Arepa\" is a native sort of bread made of ground maize (or flour), water, and salt which is fried or grilled into a thick bread.",
"It can be topped or filled with meat, eggs, tomatoes, salad, cheese, shrimp, or fish depending on the meal.",
"Breakfast egg or cheese are the most common arepa fillings.",
"There are several recipes for fillings."
] |
[
0
] |
Gorbachev reforms
|
What year was Mikhail Gorbachev appointed General Secretary?
|
Cold War
| true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
2
] |
[
"Final years (1985–91).",
"Gorbachev reforms.",
"By the time the comparatively youthful Mikhail Gorbachev became General Secretary in 1985, the Soviet economy was stagnant and faced a sharp fall in foreign currency earnings as a result of the downward slide in oil prices in the 1980s.",
"These issues prompted Gorbachev to investigate measures to revive the ailing state.",
"An ineffectual start led to the conclusion that deeper structural changes were necessary and in June 1987 Gorbachev announced an agenda of economic reform called \"perestroika\", or restructuring.",
"Perestroika relaxed the production quota system, allowed private ownership of businesses and paved the way for foreign investment.",
"These measures were intended to redirect the country's resources from costly Cold War military commitments to more productive areas in the civilian sector.",
"Despite initial skepticism in the West, the new Soviet leader proved to be committed to reversing the Soviet Union's deteriorating economic condition instead of continuing the arms race with the West.",
"Partly as a way to fight off internal opposition from party cliques to his reforms, Gorbachev simultaneously introduced \"glasnost\", or openness, which increased freedom of the press and the transparency of state institutions.",
"\"Glasnost\" was intended to reduce the corruption at the top of the Communist Party and moderate the abuse of power in the Central Committee.",
"Glasnost also enabled increased contact between Soviet citizens and the western world, particularly with the United States, contributing to the accelerating détente between the two nations."
] |
[
0
] |
Release and reception
|
How many nominations did Katy Perry receive for the video of her song "Wide Awake"?
|
Wide Awake (Katy Perry song)
| false | 0MUSIC
|
[
11
] |
[
"The video was supposed to have its world premiere on June 19, 2012.",
"However, the video was unexpectedly uploaded by EMI to the Czech website mixer.cz.",
"one day earlier.",
"Due to this, it was announced that the June 19 premiere was being scrapped and that the release was pushed up to June 18, 2012 at 7:53 p.m.",
"ET on MTV as part of \"\"MTV First: Katy Perry\"\".",
"After the premiere, an exclusive 30-minute interview with Perry will take place on MTV.com.",
"The worldwide premiere will reach more than 600 million households around the world via MTV’s global network of more than 60 channels, as well as over 300 digital media properties in more than 150 territories.",
"Fans around the world will also be able to stream the video online at http://katyperry.mtv.com.",
"The music video will also be shown on MTV’s sibling networks VH1, Logo and Teen Nick and debut on MTV.com, VH1.com and LOGOtv.com.",
"In addition, the video will go into rotation immediately on mtvU, MTV Hits and AMTV the following morning.",
"Perry stated in an interview that the music video is symbolic of her life, where various scenes in the video are redolent of her rise to stardom, personal struggles, love and marriage.",
"Perry received 3 nominations for this Video, which included Video of the Year in the 2012 MTV Video Music Awards.",
"She took home the \"moon man\" for Best Art Direction at the awards on September 6, 2012.",
"The music video was met with acclaim from most critics, with a number of them deeming it the best video to date from Perry.",
"E!",
"Online opined in a Twitter status that they love the video and compared it to \"Alice In Wonderland\".",
"\"Rolling Stone\" gave the clip a positive review, praising its introspective nature, saying that 'Though the clip recalls familiar looks, the video puts a new spin on it all, recasting every colorful look with a melancholy tone and a darker palette.'",
"Hollywoodlife felt that the video is inspiring, while calling Perry a symbol of strength.",
"\"Entertainment Weekly\" also credited the fantastical, whimsical vibe of the visual as Perry teams up with her younger self.",
"A \"Behind the Scenes\" video was released on August 22, 2012 on MTV and Vevo."
] |
[
5
] |
Abstract
|
What ground vegetable are Arepas made of?
|
Arepa
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
0
] |
[
"Arepa () is a flatbread made of ground maize dough or cooked flour prominent in the cuisine of Colombia and Venezuela.",
"It is eaten daily in those countries and can be served with various accompaniments such as cheese (cuajada), avocado, jelly or jam, or (especially in Venezuela) split and used to make sandwiches.",
"Various sizes, maize types, and added ingredients are used to vary its preparation.",
"It is similar in shape to the Mexican \"gordita\" and the Salvadoran \"pupusa\".",
"\"Arepas\" can also be found in Panama, Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, and the Canary Islands."
] |
[
0
] |
Track listing
|
How long is the track "A Thousand Years" by Christina Perri?
|
It Will Rain
| false | 0MUSIC
|
[
5
] |
[
";Digital download - single",
" \"It Will Rain\" – 4:27",
" \"It Will Rain\" (Music Video)",
";German CD single",
" \"It Will Rain\" – 4:17",
" \"A Thousand Years\" (performed by Christina Perri) - 4:45"
] |
[
5
] |
Abstract
|
How many Critics' Choice Movie Awards did the film Enough Said receipt?
|
Enough Said (film)
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
5
] |
[
"Enough Said (film)Enough Said is a 2013 American romantic comedy film written and directed by Nicole Holofcener.",
"The film stars Julia Louis-Dreyfus, James Gandolfini (in one of his final roles), Toni Collette, Catherine Keener, Ben Falcone, and Toby Huss.",
"It premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival in early September before its release on September 18, 2013.",
"\"Enough Said\" has received widespread acclaim from critics, ranking as the fifth best-reviewed wide release of 2013.",
"Additionally, it has emerged as the most critically and commercially successful work in Holofcener's filmography to date.",
"The film has also received several major award nominations, including for a Golden Globe, a Screen Actors Guild Award, two Independent Spirit Awards and four Critics' Choice Movie Awards.",
"In particular, stars Louis-Dreyfus and Gandolfini have received notice for their work, along with Holofcener's script. "
] |
[
5
] |
Game variations
|
How many participants can partake in a game of racquetball?
|
Racquetball
| true | 4SPORT
|
[
0
] |
[
"Racquetball games can be played with two, three or four players, with doubles or singles matches being most common.",
"Two player games are called singles or \"one-up\" (one vs. one for the entire game), while four player games are doubles with two pairs playing against each other (two vs. two for the entire game).",
"Tournament competitions have divisions for singles or doubles or both.",
"Three-player games are most commonly called \"Cut-throat\" and sometimes \"Ironman\" (two-on-one for the entire game) where each player takes turns serving to the other two, who play as a team against the serving player.",
"Another three-player game is \"California\", \"In-and-Out\", or \"King of the Court\" where play is 1 vs. 1 with the third player remaining in the back court out of play while the other two play a rally; the rally winner then serves to the player who was sitting out, and the rally loser stays out of play.",
"Another three-player variation is \"Sevens\" in which one player plays against two players as a team, with the game being played to seven points; if the two player team gets to seven first, the game is over, but if the solo player gets to seven first then the game continues to 14; if the solo player again reaches 14 first, then the game continues to 21, where the game ends regardless of whether the solo player or the two player team reach 21 first."
] |
[
5
] |
Provenances
|
Who bought one of the Van Gogh series Sunflowers in 1905?
|
Sunflowers (Van Gogh series)
| false | 3ART
|
[
9
] |
[
"Two Paris versions Van Gogh exchanged with Gauguin in December 1887 or January 1888 were both sold to Ambroise Vollard: one in January 1895 and the other in April 1896.",
"The first canvas resided for a short time with Félix Roux, but was reacquired by Vollard and sold to Degas from his estate to Rosenberg, then to Hahnloser and bequested to the Kunstmuseum in Bern.",
"The second was acquired by the Dutch collector Hoogendijk at the sale of his collection by Kann, who ceded the painting to Richard Bühler and then via Thannhauser to the Metropolitan Museum in New York.",
"Two of Van Gogh's \"Sunflowers\" paintings never left the artist's estate: the study for one of the Paris versions (F.377) and the repetition of fourth version (F.458).",
"Both are in the possession of the Vincent van Gogh Foundation, established 1962 by Vincent Willem van Gogh, the artist's nephew, and on permanent loan to the Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam.",
"Five other versions are recorded in the Van Gogh estate papers:",
"the final Paris version (F.452) in the artist's estate was sold 1909 via C. M. van Gogh, The Hague (J. H. de Bois) to Kröller-Müller",
"(F.457) sold 1894 to Emile Schuffenecker.",
"(Tokyo version).",
"(F.456) sold 1905 via Paul Cassirer to Hugo von Tschudi.",
"(Munich version).",
"(F.459) sold 1908 C. M. van Gogh (J. H. de Bois), The Hague to Fritz Meyer-Fierz, Zürich (destroyed Japan 1945).",
"(F.454) sold 1924 via Ernest Brown & Phillips (The Leicester Gallery) to the Tate Gallery; since on permanent loan to the National Gallery, London.",
"(London version).",
"Two Arles versions left the artist's estate unrecorded:",
"(F.453) (private collection).",
"Sold 1891 to Octave Mirbeau, Paris, (via Tanguy, Paris) for £12 (about £1,300 in 2013 £).",
"Sold 1996 to a private collector for an undisclosed sum.",
"(F.455) (Philadelphia version)."
] |
[
3
] |
Home media
|
Which year the Shawshank Redemption was showed by TNT cable TV of America?
|
The Shawshank Redemption
| true | 6MOVIES
|
[
3
] |
[
"Despite its disappointing box office return, Warner Bros. shipped 320,000 rental video copies throughout the United States, and it became one of the top rented films of 1995.",
"The film's home viewing success was considered to be based on positive recommendations and repeat customers.",
"The film's Academy Award nominations enabled it to fare well in the video sales and cable TV viewings.",
"In June 1997, TNT, an American cable network, showed the film for the first time.",
"The film was the first feature in TNT's \"Saturday Night New Classics\".",
"A 2004 \"Sunday Times\" article suggested that TNT aired the film frequently from then on, about once every two months.",
"TV airings of the film accrued record breaking numbers."
] |
[] |
Earth
|
What is the earths natural satellite?
|
Solar System
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
3
] |
[
" Earth (1 AU from the Sun) is the largest and densest of the inner planets, the only one known to have current geological activity, and the only place where life is known to exist.",
"Its liquid hydrosphere is unique among the terrestrial planets, and it is the only planet where plate tectonics has been observed.",
"Earth's atmosphere is radically different from those of the other planets, having been altered by the presence of life to contain 21% free oxygen.",
"It has one natural satellite, the Moon, the only large satellite of a terrestrial planet in the Solar System."
] |
[
0
] |
Players, equipment, and officials
|
How many assist the referee?
|
Association football
| true | 4SPORT
|
[
16
] |
[
"Each team consists of a maximum of eleven players (excluding substitutes), one of whom must be the goalkeeper.",
"Competition rules may state a minimum number of players required to constitute a team, which is usually seven.",
"Goalkeepers are the only players allowed to play the ball with their hands or arms, provided they do so within the penalty area in front of their own goal.",
"Though there are a variety of positions in which the outfield (non-goalkeeper) players are strategically placed by a coach, these positions are not defined or required by the Laws.",
"The basic equipment or \"kit\" players are required to wear includes a shirt, shorts, socks, footwear and adequate shin guards.",
"An athletic supporter and protective cup is highly recommended for male players by medical experts and professionals.",
"Headgear is not a required piece of basic equipment, but players today may choose to wear it to protect themselves from head injury.",
"Players are forbidden to wear or use anything that is dangerous to themselves or another player, such as jewellery or watches.",
"The goalkeeper must wear clothing that is easily distinguishable from that worn by the other players and the match officials.",
"A number of players may be replaced by substitutes during the course of the game.",
"The maximum number of substitutions permitted in most competitive international and domestic league games is three, though the permitted number may vary in other competitions or in friendly matches.",
"Common reasons for a substitution include injury, tiredness, ineffectiveness, a tactical switch, or timewasting at the end of a finely poised game.",
"In standard adult matches, a player who has been substituted may not take further part in a match.",
"IFAB recommends that \"that a match should not continue if there are fewer than seven players in either team.\"",
"Any decision regarding points awarded for abandoned games is left to the individual football associations.",
"A game is officiated by a referee, who has \"full authority to enforce the Laws of the Game in connection with the match to which he has been appointed\" (Law 5), and whose decisions are final.",
"The referee is assisted by two assistant referees.",
"In many high-level games there is also a fourth official who assists the referee and may replace another official should the need arise."
] |
[
5
] |
Critical reception
|
Who was the reviewer of Popmatters?
|
Turn Me On (David Guetta song)
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
7
] |
[
"The song has garnered generally positive responses.",
"Scott Schelter wrote for \"Pop Crush\" that \"It’s cool that Guetta is going for a little bit of a different sound, but different for him sounds like what everybody else is doing in the dance music world.",
"Still, having Minaj sing makes the tune worthwhile, even if “sing” must be used in quotes because of all the voice-processing.\"",
"Al Fox of BBC Music wrote that \"the best results come when Guetta mercilessly rips artists from their comfort zone – take Minaj in songbird mode on 'Turn Me On.\"",
"Allmusic's David Jeffries wrote that \"Nicki Minaj does a pole dance on the operating table for 'Turn Me On', while picking it as one of the best tracks on the album.",
"Carol Cooper of Village Voice gave a review talking about her voice, writing that \"on \"Turn Me On\" Nicki Minaj gamely shifts between her Madonna range and her Rihanna register.\"",
"Ken Capobianco somewhat echoed the same thought of Cooper, writing that \" Nicki Minaj delivers solid singing on the track.",
"\"Joe Copplestone of PopMatters wrote a mixed review, saying that \"the song showcases a suspiciously melodic performance by Minaj, with massive hooks that somehow let her make the transition from freak to diva.\"",
"Harley Brown of Consequence of Sound thought that the \"skipping beat and screaming synths are more recognizable as quintessential techno.\"",
"Genevieve Koski of The A.V.",
"Club was more negative, writing that on the song Minaj is a \"faceless-disco-diva.\"",
"Another negative review came from Idolator's Becky Bain, who dismissed \"Guetta’s decision to take one of the most exciting rapper’s today and not only have her not rap, but drown her in Auto-Tune.\""
] |
[
3
] |
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