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Sembach
American military influence
Sembach American military influence Headquarters of 17th Air Force from October 1972 until September 30, 1996. Dependent schooling from Kindergarten to 3rd grade is in Sembach Elementary School and grades 4th-9th in Sembach Middle School. Many other buildings consist of Sembach Annex accomplishing a variety of missions for the United States Air Force. Sembach Airbase was shut down in 1996 with the runway shutting down and the remainder of Sembach AB being transferred to its current status as an annex of Ramstein Air Base. The former runway has been mostly dismantled except for a small stretch at the eastern end
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with the remainder of the former facility now being an industrial park. An article dated 26 January 2010 in the Stars & Stripes stated the facility would be turned over to the U.S. Army by the end of fiscal year 2010 (30 Sep 2010)
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Serge Leuko
Club career
Serge Leuko Club career Born in Douala, Leuko joined RCD Mallorca's youth setup in 2008, through the Samuel Eto'o Foundation. After representing Atlètic de Ciutadella and CF Torre Levante, he moved to Valencia CF in 2011. Leuko made his senior debut for the latter's reserves in the 2012–13 campaign, in Segunda División B. On 17 July 2015 he signed a three-year contract with CD Lugo in Segunda División, but was loaned to third-tier club UD Somozas on 10 August, for one year. Leuko made his professional debut on 21 August 2016, coming on as a late substitute for Igor Martínez in a
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Serge Leuko
Club career & International career
2–2 away draw against Gimnàstic de Tarragona. Initially a backup to Jordi Calavera as a right back, he overtook veteran Manu on the left side in December, becoming a first choice afterwards. International career After playing for Cameroon at under-20 level, Leuko was first called by the full side on 12 March 2017 for two friendlies against Tunisia and Guinea. He made his full international debut sixteen days later, starting in 1–2 to the latter.
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She Don't Know (song)
Music video & Mixtape & Reception
She Don't Know (song) Music video Music video of the song was released on 8 January 2019 by T-Series on YouTube. The video became viral with over 300 million views as of July 2019. Mixtape The mixtape featuring Neha Kakkar and Millind Gaba was released on 11 May 2019. Reception The music video has also crossed 234 million views on YouTube as of May 2019.
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Shifty Records
Shifty Records Founded by Lloyd Ross and Ivan Kadey, Shifty Records was a South African anti-apartheid record label which existed for over a decade beginning in 1982. In 1986 Kadey left South Africa and became partner with the Waterland Design Group in Hollywood, designing studios at Capitol Records, Virgin Tokyo, Sony/Epic Santa Monica, and many other recording venues. At this time Warrick Sony bought in as partner with the purchase of recording equipment. Aimed at providing a platform for independent music with a social message, Shifty was an outlet for South African musicians opposed to apartheid. As a result, Shifty struggled
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Shifty Records
to gain exposure on the radio stations of the Broederbond-controlled South African Broadcasting Corporation. Its anti-establishment stance was appealing to young and politically marginalized South Africans. This was evident when poet Mzwakhe Mbuli's unadvertised Change is Pain went gold after the apartheid regime banned possession and distribution of the album. The label helped establish boerepunk and the alternative Afrikaans genre at a time when it was a reflex to stereotype all Afrikaners as supporters of the National Party. Operating from a caravan hitched to a Ford V6 truck, the Shifty studio produced an album every two months until 1993. Kontaktnätet, a Swedish
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Shifty Records
Apartheid security campaign against Shifty
non-governmental cultural organisation financially supported Shifty Records from 1986 to 1992 and held various manifestations in Sweden for the company and the various artists associated with Shifty. Apartheid security campaign against Shifty In 2002, notorious Bureau of State Security agent, Paul Erasmus was granted amnesty by the Truth & Reconciliation Commission for his overzealous campaign against Shifty Records artist, Roger Lucey, a campaign which ended his career. The amnesty application does not apply to other artists, appearing with Lucey, or released on the Shifty label. In particular, Lucey appears on Shifty compilation albums such as Forces Favourites and Anaartjie in
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Shifty Records
Apartheid security campaign against Shifty
our Sosatie. Erasmus claims in his biography to have waged a total war against the music industry. He is also one of Lucey's biggest fans, having confiscated most of his albums from record stores. The entire episode is documented in Stopping the Music: The Roger Lucey Story.
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Shyamal-Saumil
History & 1980–1984: Formation and debut
Shyamal-Saumil History Saumil Munshi was born on September 5, 1960, while Shyamal Munshi was born on April 14, 1962, in Ahmedabad, India, to their father Paresh Munshi and mother Bhaktida Munshi. The passion for music and literature was instilled at a young age by their school activities. The two used to go to performances and competitions, where they used to recite ghazals and poems. In 1973, they joined the Jagh Mag Mandal, where they used to perform a variety of music, from film songs to classical poetry. 1980–1984: Formation and debut In 1980, the two gave their debut organized solo
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Shyamal-Saumil
1980–1984: Formation and debut & 1984-2000: Performances, Meghdhanoosh, and Acclaim & 2000-2002: Further Success and Swarsetu
performance, titled, "Morpichch", a sold-out show. The show launched their careers and gave them credibility and fame. The shows were repeated in Kolkata and Mumbai as well, and over the course of the first 5 years, they gave 20 shows in 3 cities. 1984-2000: Performances, Meghdhanoosh, and Acclaim In 1995, Shyamal-Saumil released Meghdhanoosh, initially in cassette form, dedicated entirely to kids. The album comprised 45 songs on different morals and themes, and was largely sung by kids themselves. To this date, Meghdhanoosh remains the duo's best-selling album, selling over 25,000 copies. 2000-2002: Further Success and Swarsetu Having earned fame and
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Shyamal-Saumil
2000-2002: Further Success and Swarsetu & 2002-2005: Hastakshar and Critical Reception
success, Shyamal-Saumil, in late 2000, launched "Swarsetu", a listeners forum, to promote "Sugam Sangeet" and "Kavya Sangeet", as well as to introduce new and upcoming artists while staying true to the culture. Since 2000, Shyamal-Saumil have organized over 90 performances, each with a different theme and message. Swarsetu also allows children and adolescents to showcase their talents and imbibe roots and foundations into them. 2002-2005: Hastakshar and Critical Reception In 2002, Shyamal-Saumil released the biggest collaborative project of their career, a 6-album project called, "Hastakshar", with each album containing songs by a different illustrious poet and lyricist. These poets were
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Shyamal-Saumil
2002-2005: Hastakshar and Critical Reception & 2005-Present: Anushthaan, Swarsetu, and Legacy
Tushar Shukla, Raman Patel, Ramesh Parekh, Suresh Dalal, and Umashankar Joshi, and for their songs, Shyamal-Saumil brought together 30 artists to create the project. The title song was sung by Jagjit Singh, and other famous Bollywood singers also gave their voices for the songs. These included Kavita Krishnamurthy, Shankar Mahadevan, Udit Narayan, Sadhana Sargam,Bhupendar Singh, and Shubha Joshi. Shreya Goshal sang her first Gujarati song on the album's track, "Aaj Maaru Mann". The album was extolled for its versatility and its richness in quality. 2005-Present: Anushthaan, Swarsetu, and Legacy In 2012, the Swarsetu News Digest was launched by Shyamal-Saumil, a
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Shyamal-Saumil
2005-Present: Anushthaan, Swarsetu, and Legacy
monthly magazine, which showcased art, literature, music, poetry, and drama in Gujarat. The magazine also invited famous authors and poets to write columns, and was catered for all ages. Since then, the magazine has also launched several competitions and literature fests, and workshops are organized in several schools to help propagate Gujarati culture. Aapnu Amdavad Surilu Amdavad was a project released in 2011 to celebrate the heritage of the city of Ahmedabad. All the songs in the album were accompanied with videos, making the album one of the first music video albums in Gujarati music. The videos had notable appearances by
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Shyamal-Saumil
2005-Present: Anushthaan, Swarsetu, and Legacy
the then-Mayor of Ahmedabad, Asit Vora, and Indian cricketer, Parthiv Patel, and also featured songs dedicated to the festival of kites, Uttarayan, and to Manekchowk, a prominent city square in Ahmedabad. In 2014, Shyamal-Saumil organized a 3-day music festival called Anushthaan, an event which the Times of India called a "spectacle for music-lovers." The event featured artists from all around Gujarat, including Parthiv Gohil, Aishwariya Majmudar, Hema Desai, Dipali Somaiyya, and nearly 50 other musicians and artists. In 2015 and 2016, the event was repeated with further critical acclaim and success, and featured a plethora of artists, a lineup which included
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Shyamal-Saumil
2005-Present: Anushthaan, Swarsetu, and Legacy
Maati Baani, Bhoomi Trivedi, Osman Mir, Aalap Desai, Aashit Desai, the Tabla Taalim Sanstha, Rhythm Pulze, and nearly 80 other artists. The events also included dance performances by Chandan and Nirali Thakore, Maulik and Ishira Shah. Being an ensemble of the arts, Anushthaan also included several poets, stand-up comedians, and actors, who gave talks, speeches, and performances. Renowned artists like Sairam Dave, Jay Vasavda, RJ Dhvanit, Tushar Shukla, Darshan Jariwala, Harsh Brahmbhatt, Archan Trivedi, and Abhishek Jain were among the celebrities present. In 2015, the event featured Gujarat's first LED floor, and in 2016, the very first Gujarati a cappella
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Shyamal-Saumil
2005-Present: Anushthaan, Swarsetu, and Legacy
performance was presented. New techniques like projection mapping and optical illusion dances were also performed.
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Sir Evelyn de Rothschild Professor of Finance
Sir Evelyn de Rothschild Professor of Finance The Sir Evelyn de Rothschild Professorship of Finance is an established chair at the University of Cambridge. The chair is currently assigned to Judge Business School which is the Faculty of Business and Management at Cambridge University. The chair was established in 2007, following a benefaction of £1.85m from the Eranda Foundation in honour of Sir Evelyn de Rothschild, former chairman of N M Rothschild & Sons, and student of economics at Cambridge.
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Sligo Gaol
Construction & General history
Sligo Gaol Sligo Gaol or Sligo Prison, (Irish: Príosún Shligigh) is a former prison located in Sligo, County Sligo, Ireland which was open from 1823 to 1959. Construction The prison sits on an 8-acre (32,000 m²) site and was designed to hold 200 inmates in a polygon-shaped building, with the Governor's residence situated in the centre of the prison. Construction of the prison began in 1818 and it was opened in 1823 at a cost of £30,000. The prison provided its own hospital wing, surgery, dispensary, cookhouse, furnace, clothing store and school. General history Gas was introduced to the prison in 1879.
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Sligo Gaol
General history & Notable events
This allowed the provision of heating via hot water pipes and earned it the nickname of the Cranmore Hotel. Male inmates in the prison were forced to undertake "hard labour". This labour included the picking of oakum, rock breaking and wood chopping. Other forms of male labour included shoemaking, tailoring, carpentry, glazing, and painting, whilst female inmates were employed to sew, knit and wash clothes. During the 20th century the prison was self-sufficient and produced its own food, the surplus of which was sold outside the prison at stalls in Sligo. Notable events The final public hanging at Sligo Gaol occurred on
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Sligo Gaol
Notable events
19 August 1861 when 26-year-old Ballymote native Mathew Phibbs, also known as the "Ballymote Slasher", was hanged for murdering William and Fanny Callaghan and a servant girl Anne Mooney in January of the same year. The last person to be hanged within the prison was a Mr. Doherty of Carrick-on-Shannon, County Leitrim in 1903 who was convicted of murdering his son. On 26 June 1920, a party of approximately 100 volunteers from the Irish Republican Army (IRA) undertook a raid on Sligo Gaol with the aim of liberating Frank Carty, the OC of the South Sligo Brigade of the IRA and
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Notable events
the newly elected Sinn Féin council of Sligo Town Council. The IRA members forced open the main gate of the prison and the inner doors. They then forced the nightwatchman to turn over the keys to the cells and they released Carty who was taken away in a waiting motor car. Throughout the period of the Second World War a number of German spies were held in Sligo Gaol. In September 1946, ten German spies were released from the prison; however, eight of the spies chose to remain in Ireland. In 1947 Jack Doyle was imprisoned in Sligo Gaol for issuing a cheque
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Sligo Gaol
Notable events & Closure
which later bounced. He served four months of hard labour. Closure During the 1950s the number of prisoners detained in the prison was low and dropped to less than 15. The prison subsequently closed on 5 June 1956 after the then Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform James Everett passed the Sligo Prison Closing Order, 1956 on 25 April 1956 and the prisoners were transferred to Mountjoy Prison. The closure of the prison was welcomed by councillors of Sligo Corporation as they felt it was a symbol of slavery and the conquest of Ireland. In 1957, the Irish Department of
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Sligo Gaol
Closure
Justice transferred the ownership of the prison to Sligo County Council. The Department, however, retained control of three houses. One of these was retained as a Bridewell in which a prisoner could be held on remand overnight. The last time this Bridewell was used was circa 1959 for a youth remanded on a murder charge. The law was changed to allow a Peace Commissioner to remand a prisoner to Mountjoy, thus the necessity of overnight remand was removed. In 1961, there were plans made to convert the former prison officers' quarters into married quarters for the Gardaí. However, this never
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Sligo Gaol
Closure
materialised and the prison is now used as a storage facility for Sligo County Council with a portion of the site redeveloped as council offices and the headquarters for the Sligo Fire Brigade.
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Slovaks of Croatia
History & Culture
Slovaks of Croatia History Slovaks mainly migrated to Croatia in the 19th century and to a much lesser extent in the 20th century. Many were peasants from the poverty-stricken region of Kysuce in northwestern Slovakia. Several notable Croatians are of Slovak descent including philologist cardinal Juraj Haulik, Bogoslav Šulek and writer August Šenoa. Slovaks are officially recognized as an autochthonous national minority, and as such, together with the Czechs of Croatia, elect a special representative to the Croatian Parliament. Culture The Union of Slovaks was established in 1992 and focused on preserving Slovak culture and language, along with the creation of
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Slovaks of Croatia
Culture
its magazine, Prameň. In 1998 the Central Library of Slovaks in the Republic of Croatia was founded. In Ilok, the Cultural Society of Ljudevit Štur (KUD Ljudevit Štur).
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Speaker of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly
The role of the Speaker
Speaker of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly The role of the Speaker The Speaker must be a member of the Assembly themselves, and is elected to the position by a ballot of the members of the Assembly. It is generally a partisan position. As with the other states and territories, the Speaker continues to attend party meetings and stands at general elections as a party candidate, if they are indeed a member of a party. There is no convention that the Speaker should not be opposed in his or her constituency. On the other hand, the Speaker is not a political
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Speaker of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly
The role of the Speaker
figure like those in the United States. He or she does not take part in debates in the House, does not vote in the House except in the (rare) event of a tied vote, and does not speak in public on party-political issues (except at election time in his or her own constituency). He or she is expected to conduct the business of the House in an impartial manner, and generally does so. The Speaker is assisted by a member-elected Deputy Speaker, who is usually also of the governing party. The Speaker's principal duty is to preside over the Assembly. The
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Speaker of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly
The role of the Speaker
occupant of the Chair must maintain order in the House, uphold the Standing Orders (rules of procedure) and protect the rights of backbench members.
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Spill Festival
Background
Spill Festival SPILL Festival of Performance is an artist-led biennale of experimental theatre and live art in the UK which began in 2007 and takes place in a variety of venues in London and Ipswich. The festival is produced by Pacitti Company and the Artistic Director is Robert Pacitti. Background Launched in 2007 the SPILL Festival presents new and experimental theatre and performance work from new and established work from UK and international artists. Robert Pacitti, Artistic Director of Spill says on SPILL 2009: "This year the festival has been curated around ideas of ‘agency’. What I mean by this is the
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Spill Festival
Background
ability of each of us to make choices. Every work in the programme, in some way or other, may be viewed through this prism. Some raise questions around how we make choices (or indeed value judgements), others reflect thoughts on how our choices may be imposed on the world. With this in mind we may be provoked to consider issues around responsibility – either individually, or as part of a group – which brings into focus notions of free will, permission to act, and human rights. Of course it is not essential to engage with these ideas to enjoy SPILL.
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Spill Festival
Background & SPILL Salons
But for those who wish to, the festival will be highlighting some shared threads between aspects of the programme, for you turn over and mull at your leisure, as well as spaces for you to share your thoughts with others." In addition to the biennale Festival SPILL National Platform and Showcase takes place every two years in Ipswich and presents artists in the early stages of their career working in the fields of live art, performance and experimental theatre, selected through an open submission process. SPILL Salons Spill Salons are a public space which bring groups of people together along with
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Spill Festival
SPILL Salons
a ‘Thinker-in-Residence’ to look at some of the over-riding themes within the Festival. The public salons are where experts from a range of different territories will discuss relevant issues affecting performance.
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Squirt boating
History
Squirt boating History Squirt boating originally evolved from slalom kayaks. Racers found that if they let the upstream hip drop into the current and slide the stern of the boat under water, they could decrease the amount of time required to make large degree turns (90+ degrees). West Virginia kayaker Phil Coleman dubbed it squirt because of the way the boats squirted forward with extra speed thanks to the trapped buoyancy of the stern and the shape of the hull and deck. It is analogous to squeezing a pumpkin seed in between your fingers and having it shoot out away
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Squirt boating
History
from you. After this original maneuver was developed, a number of paddlers noticed that squirting was a lot of fun and introduced a new method of playing on the river. Squirts allowed the boats to get vertical even in flat water. The problem was that the predominant kayak designs of the 1980s were not conducive to doing squirts. Most kayaks at the time were more than 10 feet long and had a volume greater than 70 gallons (260 liters). Jess Whittemore, a kayak designer, designed the first chopped boats based on race boat designs that were intended to squirt. Then, one
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Squirt boating
History
fairly well known paddler, boat designer, and paddle maker by the name of Jim Snyder decided to try and create a shorter boat that was designed to squirt that could also be used for running and playing on the river. The result, after many years of trial and error, was a radically low volume boat. Squirt boating is slowly becoming more and more popular. Because it has the best of both worlds, since certain ones are very good at doing tricks in (Underdawg, Hellbender) and others are very good at doing Mystery moves in (Shred, Kor) and some are just as
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Squirt boating
History
good as doing both (Funk, Angst.) Also most squirt boats are very good at surfing.
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Staroye Aymanovo
Notable people
Staroye Aymanovo Staroye Aymanovo (Russian: Старое Айманово; Tatar: Cyrillic Иске Айман, Latin İske Ayman) is a rural locality (a selo) in Aktanyshsky District of the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, located in the lower reaches of the Belaya River, near the border with the Republic of Bashkortostan. Its population is mostly ethnic Tatars. Notable people Gabdulkhay Akhatov (1927–1986), a Soviet Tatar linguist and an organizer of science, was born in Staroye Aymanovo.
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Storm King Mountain (Colorado)
July 1994 fire
Storm King Mountain (Colorado) July 1994 fire It is the site of the July 1994 South Canyon Fire in which 14 firefighters died. After the fire eliminated valuable vegetation and ground cover, torrential rains caused a mudslide on the night of September 1, 1994, that buried 30 cars and seriously injured two people on Interstate 70.
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159,998
Q24928056
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Sudhagad - Pali taluka
Raigad district
Sudhagad - Pali taluka Sudhagad - Pali taluka is a taluka in Raigad district of Maharashtra an Indian state. Raigad district As of August 2015, there were 8 sub-divisions, 15 talukas, 1970 villages, 60 revenue circles and 350 sazzas in Raigad district. The talukas being Alibag, Karjat, Khalapur, Mahad, Mangaon, Mhasala, Murud, Panvel, Pen, Poladpur, Roha, Shrivardhan, Sudhagad - Pali, Tala and Uran.
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Suryanar Kovil
Legend
Suryanar Kovil Legend As per Hindu legend, Sage Kalava was suffering from serious ailments along with leprosy. He prayed to the Navagrahas, the nine planet deities. The planets were pleased by his devotion and offered cure to the sage. Brahma, the Hindu god of creation, was angered as he felt that the planets have no powers to provide boons to humans. He cursed the nine planets to suffer from leprosy and were sent down to earth in Vellurukku Vanam, the white wild flower jungle. The planets prayed to Shiva to relieve them off the curse. Shiva appeared to them and
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Suryanar Kovil
Legend & History
said that the place belonged to them and they would have to grace the devotees worshipping them from the place. This is the only temple where there are separate shrines for each of the planet deities. It is also the only temple among the nine planetary temples where Shiva is not the presiding deity. History It is stated in one of the inscriptions found in the temple that it was built in the reign of Kulottunga Choladeva (AD 1060-1118) and was called Kulottungachola-Marttandalaya. The current granite shrine is believed to have been built by the Srivijaya King.He is the native
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Suryanar Kovil
History & Architecture
of srivijayam it is near by Indonesia. In modern times, the temple is maintained and administered by the Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Department of the Government of Tamil Nadu. The temple is mentioned in the songs of Muthuswami Dikshitar, who has composed a song starting with "Suryamurthe" in Saurashatra ragam. Architecture Sooriyanar Temple is located to the East of Kumbakonam, 2 km (1.2 mi) from Aduthurai and the Kumbakonam - Mayiladuthurai road. The temple has direct connectivity from lower Anicut and Thiruppanandal. The temple has a rectangular plan with compound walls, pierced by a five-tiered raja gopuram (entrance tower). The central
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Suryanar Kovil
Architecture
shrine is of Surya, the Sun God, is built on an elevated structure. The central shrine houses the image of Surya and his consorts Usha and Chhaya. The hall leading to the central shrine has images of Viswanathar, Visalakshi, Nataraja, Sivakami, Vinayagar and Murugan. On the axial line in front of the central shrine, there is an image of Guru (Jupiter), one of the planetary deities. There are separate shrines for all the other seven planet deities namely Budha (Mercury), Shani (Saturn), Sukran (Venus), Soma (Moon), Angaragan (Mercury), Rahu and Ketu. All the other eight shrines of the Navagrahas are
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Suryanar Kovil
Architecture & Religious importance
arranged facing the shrine of Suryanar. Guru is depicted performing pooja to Shiva. Religious importance The temple is one of the nine Navagraha temples of Tamil Nadu and is a part of the popular Navagraha pilgrimage in the state - it houses the image of Surya (Sun). The planets are believed to influence the horoscope computed based on time of one's birth and subsequently influence the course of life. Each of the planets are believed to move from a star to another during a predefined period and thus sway over an individual's fortunes. The Navagrahas, as per Hindu customs, are
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159,999
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Suryanar Kovil
Religious importance
believed to provide both good and bad effects for any individual and the bad effects are mitigated by prayers. As in other Navagraha temples, the common worship practises of the devotees include offering of cloth, grains, flowers and jewels specific to the planet deity. Lighting a set of lamps is also commonly followed in the temple. As per contemporary Saivite belief, the energies distributed cyclically by Navagrahas can be channeled based on remedial measures. As per local legends, Shiva, the overlord of the nine planetary deities, allowed them to freely grant wishes based on devotion of the devotees. According to Hindu
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Suryanar Kovil
Religious importance
legend, Mahalingaswamy is the centre of all Shiva temples in the region and the Saptha Vigraha moorthis (seven prime consorts in all Shiva temples) are located at seven cardinal points around the temple, located in various parts of the state. The seven deities are Nataraja in Chidambaram Nataraja Temple at Chidambaram, Chandikeswarar temple at Tirucheingalur, Vinayagar in Vellai Vinayagar Temple at Thiruvalanchuzhi, Muruga in Swamimalai Murugan Temple at Swamimalai, Bhairava in Sattainathar Temple at Sirkali, Navagraha in this temple and Dakshinamoorthy in Apatsahayesvarar Temple, Alangudi at Alangudi, Papanasam taluk.
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160,000
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Swallow Sidecar Company
Lyons and Walmsley
Swallow Sidecar Company Lyons and Walmsley Swallow was founded by two friends, William Walmsley aged 30 and William Lyons then aged 20. Their partnership became official on Lyons's 21st birthday, 4 September 1922. Both families lived in the same street in Blackpool, England. Walmsley had previously been making sidecars and bolting them onto reconditioned motorcycles. Lyons had served his apprenticeship at Crossley Motors in Manchester before moving to Blackpool Sunbeam dealers, Brown & Mallalieu, as a junior salesman. Their business partnership was known by three successive trading names: Swallow Sidecar Company, Swallow Sidecar and Coachbuilding Company, and Swallow Coachbuilding Company. In
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160,000
Q2396914
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666
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Swallow Sidecar Company
Lyons and Walmsley & Swallow Sidecar
1930 a limited liability company was incorporated to own their business. Swallow Sidecar Lyons, having recognised the commercial potential for these sidecars, joined Walmsley and together they found premises in Bloomfield Road, Blackpool using a £1,000 bank overdraft obtained with the assistance of their respective fathers. With a small team of employees they were able to begin commercial production of the motorcycle sidecars. Soon they had to rent more space nearby. Then they needed still more room. Walmsley's father bought a big building in Cocker Street Blackpool which they moved into and with all the extra space began to offer
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160,000
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14
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Swallow Sidecar Company
Swallow Sidecar & Swallow Sidecar and Coachbuilding
to repair and paint cars and fit new hoods and upholstery. They added coach building to their business name. Swallow Sidecar and Coachbuilding The first car that Lyons and Walmsley worked on intending to build and sell it in any quantity was the Austin 7, a popular and inexpensive vehicle. For their show car Swallow's Bolton, Lancashire agent had persuaded a dealer in Bolton to supply him under-the-counter (coachbuilders required Austin's prior approval or warranties might be voided) with an Austin 7 chassis. Lyons, with a sketch of what he wanted, commissioned Cyril Holland, a coachbuilder by trade, to create a
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160,000
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14
1,080
Swallow Sidecar Company
Swallow Sidecar and Coachbuilding
distinctive, open two seater body. Holland gave it a detachable hardtop with a characteristic back window. The result was announced to public in May 1927, the Austin Seven Swallow. Austin gave their approval to the Swallow coachwork though adjustments were needed, the wings kept falling onto the tyres and the cycle type was dispensed with in favour of the more usual shape. In that form it was taken to London and shown to Henlys — Bert (Herbert Gerald) Henly and Frank Hough — who ordered 500 both two-seaters and saloons. Priced at only £175, the Swallow, with its brightly coloured
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160,000
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1,080
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Swallow Sidecar Company
Swallow Sidecar and Coachbuilding & Swallow Coachbuilding & S S One
two-tone bodywork and a style that imitated the more expensive cars of the time, proved popular in the prosperous late twenties and in the following depression. Soon after, a saloon version was produced: the Austin Seven Swallow Saloon. Swallow Coachbuilding During 1927 the "Sidecar" was dropped from the name, and it became the Swallow Coachbuilding Company. S S One Engines and chassis supplied by the Standard Motor Company were fitted with Swallow bodies styled under Lyons supervision. The first of the SS range of cars available to the public was the 1932 SS 1 with 2-litre or 2½-litre side-valve, six-cylinder
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160,000
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22
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Swallow Sidecar Company
S S One
engine and the SS 2 with a four-cylinder 1-litre side-valve engine. Initially available as coupé or tourer a saloon was added in 1934, when the chassis was modified to be 2 inches (50 mm) wider. The success of the new range brought about a number of changes. William Walmsley wished to leave this business and it was decided to replace Walmsley's capital by bringing new outside shareholders into a brand-new incorporation, S. S. Cars Limited. The new company technically commenced business on 1 February 1934 following its incorporation 26 October 1933. Subsequently, S. S. Cars Limited bought the shares of Swallow Coachbuilding
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160,000
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30
252
Swallow Sidecar Company
S S One & SS Cars Limited & Jaguar Cars Limited
Limited as of 31 July 1934 and Swallow was liquidated (wound up) before S. S. issued shares to the public in January 1935. SS Cars Limited The continued success and expansion of their SS Jaguar range, in particular the sports and saloon cars announced in late 1935 would lead to its new name: Jaguar Cars Limited Towards the end of the war on 23 March 1945 the SS Cars Limited shareholders in general meeting agreed to change the company's name to Jaguar Cars Limited. Said Chairman William Lyons "Unlike S.S. the name Jaguar is distinctive and cannot be connected
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160,000
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34
317
Swallow Sidecar Company
Jaguar Cars Limited & Helliwell
or confused with any similar foreign name." Sidecar production was now by Swallow Coachbuilding Co. (1935) Ltd. of Albion Road, Birmingham, 11. Helliwell In January 1946 the Helliwell Group, an aircraft maintenance firm, bought Swallow Coachbuilding Company (1935) Limited from Jaguar Cars Limited. Sidecars produced at Helliwells' Walsall Airport works were built in the same way as the originals and used the same patented trademark. They closed shop in the late 1950s.
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160,001
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T. John College of Pharmacy
Affiliation and accredition & Library and Information center
T. John College of Pharmacy Affiliation and accredition It is affiliated to Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, approved by All India Council for Technical Education, and recognized by the Pharmacy council of India, New Delhi. The College is accredited by ISO 9001:2008, BSI, ANAB and practices Rockefeller habits, 5S, Kaizen. Library and Information center The T John college of Pharmacy library subscribes to daily news papers and journals on the relevant subjects. The library keeps the previous years question papers and all dissertations. The computers in the library gives access to different Scientific Database including Sciencedirect, Helinet etc.
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160,001
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T. John College of Pharmacy
Labs & Location
Labs The analysis and chemistry lab of T John college of Pharmacy have instruments like HPLC, FTIR, UV-vis spectrometer (single and double beam, Nephloturbidimeter etc. The Pharmaceutics lab is equipped with a Pilot Plant, 8 station Dissolution apparatus etc. The Pharmacology lab has Pole climbing apparatus, Analgesiometer, Actophotometer, Electroshock Convulsometer, Histaminometer etc. Location T John College of Pharmacy is located in the campus of T John Group of Institutions, which is located near the junction of Nice Road and Bannerghatta Road in Gottigere, Bangalore, Karnataka.
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160,002
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Tae-hong Choi
Childhood studies
Tae-hong Choi Childhood studies When Choi was a boy in Seoul, he had a paper route. When he first approached the martial artists he met on his route, they sent him away. After seven days of his pestering, the men seemed to relent, but they put him to work instead of teaching him. Choi worked for them for three weeks before they were sufficiently impressed to begin teaching him. He earned his black belt in two years. He soon began winning titles including Korean National Champion. Eventually he earned a ninth-degree black belt, the sport's highest designation.
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160,002
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Tae-hong Choi
Childhood studies & Military service & Emigration
He also studied for a master's degree in Health and physical education. Military service Choi was a Korean Marine Corp Training officer stationed in South Vietnam. He was part of the detail that guarded the U.S. Embassy. He taught hand-to-hand combat skills to Korean, South Vietnamese and U.S. Special Forces. That got him his next job of instructing hand-to-hand combat for top-level U.S. security agents. Emigration Choi moved to Washington, D.C., in 1971. He taught taekwondo to secret service agents and CIA operatives. His family did not move with him to Washington, D.C., but they emigrated
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160,002
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Tae-hong Choi
Emigration
to Oregon where a distant cousin lived. In 1972, Choi joined his family in Oregon and started teaching tae kwon do at the YMCA, Lewis and Clark College and Reed College (Judo - '74-'75), and Sunset High School before opening his own studio in Northeast Portland. Choi's Taekwondo Academy was the first taekwondo school in Oregon. "Mr. Choi was one of the pioneers for tae kwon do in this country. When the word 'tae kwon do' didn't even exist in this country, he was already teaching." -- Joon Pyo Choi, co-chairman of USA Taekwondo's martial arts
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160,002
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Tae-hong Choi
Emigration & National leadership
commission. Choi eventually opened two more schools for students in Beaverton and North Portland. His son, Sung Choi did take over the studios after his death with the help of Hung Choi. Later, Sung Choi started teaching at the "New York Athletic Club' location in NYC. National leadership Choi founded the Oregon State Taekwondo Association and the Northwest Black Belt Association and was its president for 30 years. In 1980, Choi served as head of team at the first Pan American Taekwondo Championships. In 1982, When the Amateur Athletic Union was the governing body for Taekwondo in the
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Tae-hong Choi
National leadership
USA, Choi was elected vice president. He also served as a vice president in the United States TaeKwonDo Union. He has served as tournament director of the Northwest Oregon Taekwondo Championships and the 17th U.S. National Taekwondo Championships. In 1988, Choi traveled to Seoul with one of his students who competed in the 1988 Olympic Games. In the 1990s, he served as advisor to the United States Taekwondo Union. In 2007, Choi received the lifetime achievement award from the United States Taekwondo Grandmasters Society. Some of his notable students are Master Leon Preston
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Tae-hong Choi
National leadership & Death and burial
(8th Dan and 2008 Summer Olympics Tae Kwon Do Referee), Gordon Graaff, Scott Rohr (1979 and 1980 World Championship Medalist) and Naim Hassan (1988 Olympics Taekwondo athlete). Death and burial Choi died at Providence Portland Medical Center in Portland, Oregon on March 8, 2009. Services were held March 12 in the Korean Mission Church (Portland). He was buried at Skyline Memorial Gardens (Portland), He was survived by his wife, two daughters, two sons and five grandchildren. Wife, Man Soon Choi. Daughters, Ilsun Kim, Min Sun Kim. Sons, Sung Choi, Hung Choi. Grandchildren, Angela Kim (23), Matthew Kim (26), Caroline
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Tae-hong Choi
Death and burial
Min (10), Phillip Min (12), Chloe Choi (10).
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160,003
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Tammy and the T-Rex
Plot
Tammy and the T-Rex Plot The film opens with Tammy at cheerleader practice, while her boyfriend Michael walks in from football practice to observe. The two of them meet Byron, Tammy's gay friend, who approves of Michael as her new boyfriend. Shortly thereafter, Tammy's violent and jealous ex-boyfriend Billy arrives with his gang and harasses Michael. A fight erupts between the two. However, the police arrive to break up the fight and take Billy into custody, but Tammy, unable to deal with the events, breaks down and runs away in tears. The scene then cuts to a figure of a Tyrannosaurus
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160,003
Q4467299
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Tammy and the T-Rex
Plot
rex in a dark warehouse as two people, Dr. Wachenstein and his assistant Helga, walk through the doors. The lights come on and the Tyrannosaurus figure begins to move, being controlled by someone in a room. The Dr. is impressed by the robotic dinosaur's strength, and reveals his plan to implant a living human brain into the robot to give it consciousness, mobility and, "immortality". Later that night, Michael sneaks out to see Tammy. They are soon interrupted by Billy and his thugs, who chase and catch Michael. They throw him into the wild Animal Park where lions and jaguars run
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Tammy and the T-Rex
Plot
loose. A lion mauls Michael and he is left in a comatose state. He is brought to a hospital where his intoxicated uncle watches over him. Dr. Wachenstein and Helga declare Michael dead so they can use his brain to control their robotic Tyrannosaurus. After his brain is installed, Michael escapes and wreaks vengeance on his high school tormentors and is reunited with his sweetheart Tammy. She realizes the dinosaur is Michael and begins a search to find a more suitable body for him. However Dr. Wachenstein is in hot pursuit of his creation. This leads to a chase that ends
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160,003
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Tammy and the T-Rex
Plot & Production
with Michael killing the doctor. Police officers open fire and destroy the mechanical dinosaur. Tammy manages to recover Michael’s brain. In the end she takes it home with her and hooks his brain up to her computer, speakers and video camera which is temporary until they find a new body for him. Through the set up Michael is able to speak and see, which allows him to view Tammy performing a striptease. This causes the brain hookups to spark. Production Stewart Raffill says he was approached by a man who owned theatres in South America who had an animatronic T
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160,003
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Tammy and the T-Rex
Production
Rex which was going to a park in Texas. "The eyes worked. The arms moved. The head moved. He had it for two weeks before it was going to be shipped to Texas and he came to me and said, “We can make a movie with it!” I said, “What’s the story?” and he said, “I don’t have a story, but we have to start filming within the month!” and so I wrote the story in a week." Raffill says all the locations were within 25 minutes of his house. He has stated there was a large fire which took place
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160,003
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Tammy and the T-Rex
Production
during the shoot, and that as a result, smoke can be seen in some shots. The first few minutes of the film take place in Newbury Park, California at Newbury Park High School. The film crew kept the local panther mascot and decorations during the filming. Raffill says, "I was just trying to do a film for people that like wacky movies. In other words, you laugh at the experience that I was facing which is, what the hell are you meant to do with this material? I was sticking all this shit in it, just to make it work. Of
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160,003
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Tammy and the T-Rex
Production
course, when you only have a week to work on a script, it is a bit thin! I’m also the biggest plagiarist, I’m constantly asking the cast and crew if they have anything better that they can add."
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160,004
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Tanaka Tosa
Tanaka Tosa Tanaka Tosa (田中 土佐, September 7, 1820 – October 8, 1868) was a Japanese samurai of the Edo period who was a retainer of the Matsudaira clan of Aizu. He served as a karō in the Aizu administration, and fought in the Boshin War. Upon the entry of Imperial Japanese Army forces into the Tsuruga Castle town, he led an effort to halt their advance. Upon defeat, he followed fellow karō Jinbo Kuranosuke into a nearby doctor's house, and committed seppuku.
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160,005
Q7684552
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602
Tapesia yallundae
Morphology
Tapesia yallundae Morphology Produces two types of mycelium - one vegetative, yellow-brown, linear, and branching, the other dark and stromalike. Condiophores are simple or sparingly branched. Conidia (1.5-3.5 x 37-70 μm) are hyaline, curved, and mostly five- to seven-celled. Sclerotia or sclerotialike stromatic mycelium, at first white to yellow-brown but later dark brown, may also be found on the lesions of infected plants. Black apothecia, 0.2 to 0.5 mm of diameter, form at the base of host culms. Apothecium contain cylindric to fusoid asci, of 35 to 38 µm x 5.9 to 7.4 µm. Ascospores are hyaline, fusoid, 0-1
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160,005
Q7684552
6
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14
219
Tapesia yallundae
Morphology & Growth media & Molecular characterization
septate, with a rounded end and an average size of 8.9 µm (7.4 to 10.3) x 2.07 µm (1.95 to 2.34). Growth media Tapesia yallundae can be grown on a moist, sterile wheat and barley straw, oat kernels, and a variety of simple agar media, preferably supplemented with wheat extract. Sporulation in vitro tends to originate from loose sporodochai. Young colonies on potato-dextrose agar are gray, compact and mounded. Molecular characterization Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) combined with restriction enzyme digestion of an amplified ribosomal DNA fragment, are now used to characterize T. yallundae isolates. Novartis produces a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
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160,005
Q7684552
14
219
18
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Tapesia yallundae
Molecular characterization & Main diseases
diagnostic tool that provides cereal growers with an efficient means for checking the progression of eyespot disease in cereals. The tool reveals the presence and extent of disease before symptoms develop and can identify the different eyespot strains including the W-type (Tapesia yallundae') and R-type (Tapesia acuformis). Main diseases Eyespot of wheat; eyespot of barley; eyespot of rye.
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160,006
Q55261813
2
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525
Tennis at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics
Qualification
Tennis at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics Qualification Each National Olympic Committee (NOC) can enter a maximum of 4 competitors, 2 per each gender. As hosts, Argentina is given 2 quotas, 1 per each gender should they not qualify normally and a further 6 competitors, 3 per each gender will be decided by the Tripartite Commission. The remaining 56 places shall be decided by the ITF World Junior Rankings, ATP Rankings, WTA Rankings update on 16 July 2018. The first 12 spots per each gender will go to the top ranked athletes in the ITF World Junior Rankings. The next
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Tennis at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics
Qualification
10 spots per gender will go to any eligible athlete ranked in the top 450 in the ATP rankings for boys and the top 200 in the WTA rankings for girls. Should any spots remain they will be reallocated to the top ranked athletes in the ITF World Junior Rankings. The remaining 6 spots per gender will go to the best ranked athlete from the ITF World Junior Rankings from any of the six regional associations not yet represented. Should any spots remain they will be reallocated to the next best ranked athlete in the ITF World Rankings, regardless of
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Tennis at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics
Qualification
region. To be eligible to participate at the Youth Olympics athletes must have been born between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2003. Furthermore, all qualified players will take place in the doubles and mixed doubles events.
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The Legend of the Holy Drinker
Reception & Adaptations
The Legend of the Holy Drinker Reception In a 1992 review for Publishers Weekly, the critic wrote that "the author transforms his personal tragedy into a light, sparkling modern fable", and that Michael Hofmann's "inspired translation showcases Roth's galvanizing, constantly surprising style." Adaptations Franz Josef Wild directed a 1963 adaptation for German television. In 1988 a film adaptation with the book's title by Ermanno Olmi premiered at the Venice Film Festival, where it went on to win the top prize, the Golden Lion for best film. Olmi's version starred Rutger Hauer as Andreas. In 2016 Winchester-based theatre company Platform 4 a
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The Legend of the Holy Drinker
Adaptations
created a touring production using a puppet to tell Andreas' story.
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The Liar (Goldoni play)
Plot
The Liar (Goldoni play) Plot Lelio, a Venetian who has spent years away from home, returns to Venice. He courts the two daughters of Doctor Balanzone, Beatrice and Rosaura, without telling them which one he really loves. Meanwhile, each girl has another suitor, Florindo for Rosaura and Ottavio for Beatrice. Florindo is shy, however, and will not tell Rosaura that he loves her. This allows Lelio to concoct fabulous lies and convince Rosaura that he wishes to marry her. Meanwhile, Lelio's servant Arlecchino tries to woo the Doctor's servant Columbina away from Brighella, Florindo's friend. Lelio's lies get him into deeper
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The Liar (Goldoni play)
Plot
and deeper trouble with the girls, their father, and his own father Pantalone. At the end, it is revealed that while in Rome he married a Roman lady, Cleonice Anselmi. He departs to go to her, leaving Rosaura and Beatrice free to marry Florindo and Ottavio, and Columbina free to marry Brighella.
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The Mark of Gideon
Plot
The Mark of Gideon Plot The Federation starship Enterprise arrives at the planet Gideon to discuss diplomatic relations. The Gideons will permit only one representative, Captain Kirk, to set foot on their planet. Kirk beams down to the coordinates provided, but finds himself apparently still aboard the Enterprise, which is now devoid of any crew. First Officer Spock is informed that the Captain has not arrived on the planet, but the Gideon Ambassador, Hodin, refuses to allow a search team to investigate. Neither Starfleet Command nor the Federation bureaucracy is of any help, each referring the matter to the other. Meanwhile, Kirk
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The Mark of Gideon
Plot
wanders the deserted corridors and notices a strange bruise on his arm. He eventually encounters a beautiful young woman named Odona. She claims to have no idea how she got there, recalling only that she was in an overcrowded auditorium and struggling to breathe. For the moment, Odona is just relieved to have freedom of movement. Kirk insists that she must be from Gideon, but Odona denies any knowledge of the planet. Kirk learns from Odona that her home planet is severely overpopulated, with crowds of people everywhere and no privacy, because death is rare. To her, the privilege of being
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The Mark of Gideon
Plot
alone, even for a moment, is a dream come true. Kirk is taken by Odona's beauty, and the two share a passionate kiss. Neither notice the image of a dozen faces appearing on the view screen behind them. As Kirk and Odona leave the bridge, Kirk hears a strange sound outside the ship. He goes to a viewport and catches a glimpse of a crowd of people looking in. The scene quickly changes to a normal view of space. Kirk confronts Odona about what is going on, but she denies knowing what is happening. She then complains of a strange feeling
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The Mark of Gideon
Plot
and faints into Kirk's arms. Kirk carries her to sick bay, where he encounters Ambassador Hodin, who informs him that Odona, his daughter, is suffering from Vegan choriomeningitis, having been infected with Kirk's blood, which carries the virus. Hodin's plan is to infect the Gideon population with the virus, shortening their immense lifespans and relieving the population problem. Kirk is to supply the virus, while Odona's death is to serve as an inspiration for future volunteers. Questioned about alternatives, Hodin explains that the Gideon people's regenerative abilities would foil sterilization attempts, and that other methods of birth control would never be
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The Mark of Gideon
Plot & Production and reception
accepted. Spock, having realized that Hodin has deceived him, goes against Starfleet orders and beams down to Kirk's original coordinates. Once there, he finds the false Enterprise that was built to confuse Kirk. He soon reaches Kirk and Odona, and asks Hodin not to interfere as he, Spock, is in enough trouble already. Kirk, Spock, and Odona return to the real Enterprise, where Chief Medical Officer Dr. McCoy treats Odona's condition. Odona now plans to return to Gideon to supply the virus herself. Kirk forgives her for her deception. Production and reception In 2017, Den of Geek ranked "The Mark of
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The Mark of Gideon
Production and reception
Gideon" as the 14th worst Star Trek episode of the original series.
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The Ridding
History
The Ridding The Ridding is a Victorian country house located in the village of Bentham, North Yorkshire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building. It was built in Scottish Baronial style for B. H. Bent by E. G. Paley in 1857–60, the only building designed in this style by Paley. It is built of squared rubble with sandstone ashlar dressings and a slate roof. The frontage has three bays in two storeys and incorporates a short two-stage tower at the left. History The house was built in 1857–60 for Baldwin Harry Bent. It was later
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The Ridding
History
owned by Joseph Teale, a medical doctor, whose only daughter Alice Catherine married Robert Garnett in 1880, who was a Justice of the Peace for Lancashire and the North Riding. Alice died in 1900 and Robert remarried. He died in 1921 leaving a son Richard Everard Garnett.
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The Sword and the Stars
Gameplay & Reception
The Sword and the Stars The Sword and the Stars is a 1981 board game published by Simulations Publications, Inc. Gameplay The Sword and the Stars is a game that portrays empire building among the stars. Reception Brian McCue reviewed The Sword and the Stars in The Space Gamer No. 43. McCue commented that "I'd recommend The Sword and the Stars to any die-hard Empires of the Middle Ages player, to anybody who wants a less expensive alternative for that game, and to people who play SF but not historical games. The game system is great; only the historical appeal
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The Sword and the Stars
Reception
of the older game is lacking."
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Thora Daugaard
Biography
Thora Daugaard Theodora (Thora) Frederikke Marie Daugaard (1874–1951) was a Danish women's rights activist, pacifist, editor and translator. In 1915, she attended the International Women's Conference in The Hague, together with Clara Tybjerg. Thereafter she established and later headed the Danske Kvinders Fredskæde or Danish Women's Peace Chain which became the Danish branch of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom. She is also remembered for organizing assistance for Jews and their children in Nazi-occupied Denmark during the Second World War. Biography Born on 22 October 1874 in Store Arden near Hobro, Jutland, Theodora Frederikke Marie Daugaard was the
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Thora Daugaard
Biography
daughter of the hotel keeper Peder Johannes Jensen (1841–1903) and Petrine Daugaard (1848-1925). After receiving an education as a translator in 1903, she was employed by the Danish Women's Society as editorial secretary for their journal Kvinden og Samfundet and as business manager of their new office. Working together with Esther Carstensen, Gyrithe Lemche and Astrid Stampe Feddersen, she joined the organization's electoral committee, becoming its international secretary until 1915 when Danish women won the right to vote. Thereafter, she devoted her efforts principally to the peace movement, attending the 1915 International Women's Conference in the Hague where she announced: "We
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Thora Daugaard
Biography
want war no longer. We no longer want it explained that we women are protected by war. No, we are raped by war!". The following year, she established the Danish Women's Peace Chain. From 1920 to 1941, she became the association's president, raising membership to 15,000. In 1918, based on her experiences abroad, she initiated the construction of a home for single, self-employed women with almost 150 apartments, a restaurant and a laundry. When it was completed in 1920 as Clara Raphaels Hus on Copenhagen's Østerbro, Daugaard moved in herself. The following year, she was engaged as editor of a new
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Thora Daugaard
Biography
weekly magazine Tidens Kvinder which until 1923 was published by Danske Kvinders Nationalråd. She also edited the magazine published by Kvindernes Internationale Liga for Fred og Frihed, the new name of Danske Kvinders Fredskæde. From 1930 to 1932, she edited Vore Damer which was similar to Tidens Kvinder. Invited by the American social worker Jane Addams who was president of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, she made a lecture tour of the United States from 1927 to 1929. In 1934, Daugaard represented the WILPF at the League of Nations, becoming the League's international treasurer from 1938 to
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Thora Daugaard
Biography
1946. In 1938 to 1939, together with Mélanie Oppenhejm and Kirsten Gloerfelt-Tarp, she was active in saving Jewish children from the Nazi countries, succeeding in having 320 sent to Denmark. During the Nazi occupation of Denmark, most of them were sent to Sweden. Her involvement with the Jews forced her into fleeing to Sweden herself in 1943. Thora Daugaard died on 28 June 1951 in Holstebro and was buried at Mariager Abbey.
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Title (publishing)
Title (publishing) The title of a book, or any other published text or work of art, is a name for the work which is usually chosen by the author. A title can be used to identify the work, to place it in context, to convey a minimal summary of its contents, and to pique the reader's curiosity. Some works supplement the title with a subtitle. Texts without separate titles may be referred to by their incipit, especially those produced before the practice of titling became popular. During development, a work may be referred to by a temporary working title. A piece
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Title (publishing)
Typographical conventions
of legislation may have both a short title and a long title. In library cataloging, a uniform title is assigned to a work whose title is ambiguous. In book design, the title is typically shown on the spine, the front cover, and the title page. In the music industry album titles are often chosen through an involved process including record executives. Typographical conventions Most English-language style guides, including the Chicago Manual of Style, the Modern Language Association Style Guide, and APA style recommend that longer or complete works such as books, movies, plays, albums, and periodicals be written in italics, like: New