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75,466,940 |
Lisette (German schooner)
|
Lisette was an 1881-built, 50-metre (164 ft 1 in) long German three-masted iron schooner. It was owned by Johan Georg Oestman and had hometown Blankenese.
On August 1881 the full-rigged ship was driven ashore and wrecked on Terschelling, the Netherlands. The crew members were rescued.
Lisette was built in 1881 and was a German three masted iron schooner. She was named after the wife of captain Hans August Oestman. The ship was 50 metres (164 ft 1 in) long and had a width of 10 m (32 ft 10 in) and was used as a cargo vessel. She weighed 390 BRT.
During her maiden voyage with captain Hans August Oestman and Johann Georg Oltmann the ship was on voyage from Hamburg, Germany to Arica, Chile with general cargo onboard, including glassware, rice beer bottles and boxes of ironmongery. During the night of 14-15 August 1881 the full-rigged ship was driven ashore and wrecked at Terschelling, the Netherlands. The crew of the ship was rescued by fishermen from Terschelling.
From 2 October 1881, the ship was completely covered in sand.
Rigging, inventory and part of the cargo of the ship was salvaged in the days after the ship stranded by salvagers from Terschelling in the days after the ship stranded. Some of the cargo was damaged. Water came on board the ship. The tug Hercules went to the ship in the night of 17 August to pump water out of the ship with its centrifugal pump. Multiple salvagers, also from elsewhere, continued to unload cargo from the ship. Sometimes it was very busy with salvagers around the ship. The cargo like rice was dried as best as possible. The ship broke up on 19 August and lay on its side. The ship's masts have been laid on the beach. By 21 August, most of the warehouses became full. Cargo could still be recovered as of 23 August.
Pieces of the ship also washed up on Ameland, including 73 boxes of candles, 8 boxes of beer and two boxes of paper.
In a public sales the salvaged cargo was auctioned, of general cargo: draperies, woolen fabrics, pocket linen, lard, wax candles, wine, beer, distilled spirits and other merchant goods. Much of the sold cargo was damaged. Also inventory of the ship was sold. Rice was sold from 22 August. From 7 September a daily auction was held in the morning of the general cargo and inventory. A catalogus could be bought for 0.25 Guilder. On 15 September 1881 the wreck itself was sold. The goods had a total revenue of 39,410.95 Guilder, the wreck was sold for 82 Guilder.
Before the sales there was a dispute about the deposit fee for the goods. The salvage companies wanted 20 percent while the insurance company offered 17 percent. There were fairs of a lawsuit. As of 19 September, after the sales, there was almost an agreement with the salvagers wanting 24 percent and the insurance company offering 23 percent.
The so called 'Lisette glasses', little glasses with engraved stars that was part of the cargo, were widely used at Terschelling for many years.
Around 1990, after shrimp fisherman Alfred van Nouhuys found something, diving was conducted for a wreck that had recently emerged from the sand. It turned out to be the Lisette of which the prow was easily recognizable by the enormous bowsprit that ran into the sand. In the wreck there were many boxes with iron bars, and to the ship was called the 'box wreck'. Afterwards the ship was completely silted up again.
In 2000 it was resurfaced but the wreck was almost completely covered in sand. Many crates with beer bottles with marks of "AB-Norway" were found and also bottles of wheat beer from a German brewery. In 2001, a large part of the foredeck was salvaged. This is nowadays part of the tree house in the garden of the wreck museum, named Wrakkenmuseum [nl], in Terschelling.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Lisette was an 1881-built, 50-metre (164 ft 1 in) long German three-masted iron schooner. It was owned by Johan Georg Oestman and had hometown Blankenese.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "On August 1881 the full-rigged ship was driven ashore and wrecked on Terschelling, the Netherlands. The crew members were rescued.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Lisette was built in 1881 and was a German three masted iron schooner. She was named after the wife of captain Hans August Oestman. The ship was 50 metres (164 ft 1 in) long and had a width of 10 m (32 ft 10 in) and was used as a cargo vessel. She weighed 390 BRT.",
"title": "Ship details"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "During her maiden voyage with captain Hans August Oestman and Johann Georg Oltmann the ship was on voyage from Hamburg, Germany to Arica, Chile with general cargo onboard, including glassware, rice beer bottles and boxes of ironmongery. During the night of 14-15 August 1881 the full-rigged ship was driven ashore and wrecked at Terschelling, the Netherlands. The crew of the ship was rescued by fishermen from Terschelling.",
"title": "Fate"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "From 2 October 1881, the ship was completely covered in sand.",
"title": "Fate"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Rigging, inventory and part of the cargo of the ship was salvaged in the days after the ship stranded by salvagers from Terschelling in the days after the ship stranded. Some of the cargo was damaged. Water came on board the ship. The tug Hercules went to the ship in the night of 17 August to pump water out of the ship with its centrifugal pump. Multiple salvagers, also from elsewhere, continued to unload cargo from the ship. Sometimes it was very busy with salvagers around the ship. The cargo like rice was dried as best as possible. The ship broke up on 19 August and lay on its side. The ship's masts have been laid on the beach. By 21 August, most of the warehouses became full. Cargo could still be recovered as of 23 August.",
"title": "Cargo"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Pieces of the ship also washed up on Ameland, including 73 boxes of candles, 8 boxes of beer and two boxes of paper.",
"title": "Cargo"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "In a public sales the salvaged cargo was auctioned, of general cargo: draperies, woolen fabrics, pocket linen, lard, wax candles, wine, beer, distilled spirits and other merchant goods. Much of the sold cargo was damaged. Also inventory of the ship was sold. Rice was sold from 22 August. From 7 September a daily auction was held in the morning of the general cargo and inventory. A catalogus could be bought for 0.25 Guilder. On 15 September 1881 the wreck itself was sold. The goods had a total revenue of 39,410.95 Guilder, the wreck was sold for 82 Guilder.",
"title": "Cargo"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Before the sales there was a dispute about the deposit fee for the goods. The salvage companies wanted 20 percent while the insurance company offered 17 percent. There were fairs of a lawsuit. As of 19 September, after the sales, there was almost an agreement with the salvagers wanting 24 percent and the insurance company offering 23 percent.",
"title": "Cargo"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "The so called 'Lisette glasses', little glasses with engraved stars that was part of the cargo, were widely used at Terschelling for many years.",
"title": "Cargo"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Around 1990, after shrimp fisherman Alfred van Nouhuys found something, diving was conducted for a wreck that had recently emerged from the sand. It turned out to be the Lisette of which the prow was easily recognizable by the enormous bowsprit that ran into the sand. In the wreck there were many boxes with iron bars, and to the ship was called the 'box wreck'. Afterwards the ship was completely silted up again.",
"title": "Wreck dives"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "In 2000 it was resurfaced but the wreck was almost completely covered in sand. Many crates with beer bottles with marks of \"AB-Norway\" were found and also bottles of wheat beer from a German brewery. In 2001, a large part of the foredeck was salvaged. This is nowadays part of the tree house in the garden of the wreck museum, named Wrakkenmuseum [nl], in Terschelling.",
"title": "Wreck dives"
}
] |
Lisette was an 1881-built, 50-metre long German three-masted iron schooner. It was owned by Johan Georg Oestman and had hometown Blankenese. On August 1881 the full-rigged ship was driven ashore and wrecked on Terschelling, the Netherlands. The crew members were rescued.
|
2023-12-02T21:37:59Z
|
2023-12-14T23:03:26Z
|
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisette_(German_schooner)
|
75,466,941 |
Nigeria national debt
|
The Nigeria national debt or simply national debt of Nigeria is the total amount of money that the Federal Government of Nigeria owes to its creditors, both domestic and external. The national debt is composed of two main components: debt held by the public and debt held by government accounts. Debt held by the public includes Treasury securities held by investors outside the federal government, such as individuals, corporations, the Central Bank of Nigeria, and foreign, state and local governments. Debt held by government accounts includes non-marketable Treasury securities held in accounts of programs administered by the federal government, such as the Nigeria Social Insurance Trust Fund. The national debt is measured as the face value of the outstanding Treasury securities at a given point in time.
The national debt of Nigeria is subject to a legal limit, known as the debt ceiling, which is determined by the National Assembly of Nigeria. The debt ceiling is the maximum amount of debt that the federal government can incur. As of February 2023, the debt ceiling was set at 40% of GDP.
The national debt of Nigeria has increased over time due to various factors, such as government spending, revenue, economic growth, inflation, exchange rates, and interest rates. The ratio of debt to gross domestic product (GDP) is often used as an indicator of the sustainability and solvency of the national debt. The debt-to-GDP ratio of Nigeria has fluctuated over the years, reaching a peak of 75% in 1991, following the Nigerian Structural Adjustment Program, and a low of 7.3% in 2008, after the Paris Club debt relief. As of November 2023, the debt-to-GDP ratio of Nigeria was 38.79%, which was below the average of 56.3% for Sub-Saharan Africa.
The national debt of Nigeria has implications for the country's economic and social development, as well as its relations with other countries and international organizations. The management of the national debt is the responsibility of the Debt Management Office (DMO), which was established in 2000 as an autonomous agency under the supervision of the Ministry of Finance. The DMO's mandate is to coordinate the government's borrowing activities, advise on debt policy and strategy, maintain a reliable database of the national debt, and promote the development of the domestic debt market.
Nigeria's history of public debt dates back to the colonial era, when the country was under the rule of Britain. The first recorded instance of public borrowing by Nigeria was in 1923-1924. This financial arrangement amounted to approximately £5.7 million, carrying an annual interest rate of 2.5 per cent, and was structured for repayment over a 20-year period.
In 1927, the Nigerian Protectorate issued another £1 million loan from the Bank of England, this time to finance the construction of the Lagos–Port Harcourt Railway. The loan was also guaranteed by the British government, and was repaid in 1938.
Progressing into the late 1930s, Nigeria acquired an additional loan of £4.89 million by the end of 1936, resulting in the country's cumulative public debt reaching about £9.89 million. Subsequently, from 1946 to 1948, Nigeria obtained an additional £5.74 million, further elevating the nation's total debt burden to £21.24 million by the conclusion of 1952.
In 1958, the Nigerian Protectorate issued a £28 million loan from the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), also known as the World Bank. The loan was the first World Bank loan to Nigeria, and was used to finance the expansion of the Kainji Dam and the Ughelli Power Station. The loan was repaid in 1978.
As colonial rule drew to a close, Nigeria's aggregate debt stock stood at approximately £17 million. Post-independence, despite a strategic shift toward internal fund generation, Nigeria sought financial support from the Paris Club of Creditors. This subsequent loan amounted to around $31 million, carrying an interest rate of 3.5 per cent per annum and a repayment period spanning two decades.
After Nigeria gained its independence from Britain in 1960, the country continued to borrow from various sources, both domestic and external, to finance its development needs. The main sources of external borrowing were the World Bank, the International Development Association (IDA), the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the African Development Bank (AfDB), the European Economic Community (EEC), and bilateral creditors, such as the United States, Britain, France, Germany, Japan, and China. The main sources of domestic borrowing were the Central Bank of Nigeria, the Nigerian Industrial Development Bank (NIDB), the Nigerian Agricultural and Cooperative Bank (NACB), and the Nigerian Bank for Commerce and Industry (NBCI).
The national debt of Nigeria increased significantly in the 1970s and 1980s, Nigeria's external debt alone soared to a staggering $14.8 billion, with approximately $6.3 billion owed to the Paris Club of Creditors. This was also due to several factors, such as the Nigerian Civil War (1967-1970), the 1973 oil crisis, the 1979 energy crisis, the Second oil price shock, the structural adjustment programs (SAPs), the 1980s oil glut, the 1986 Naira devaluation, and the oil price collapse of the late 1980s and early 1990s. The debt-to-GDP ratio of Nigeria rose from 5.6% in 1960 to 75% in 1991, reaching a peak of US$35.9 billion.
The period between 1986 and 1993 witnessed a sharp rise in Nigeria's external debt, marking the onset of challenges in debt servicing that persist today.
Economists pinpoint 1985 as a crucial period when Nigeria's total external debt reached about $19 billion.
The national debt of Nigeria declined in the 1990s and 2000s, due to various factors, such as the democratization of Nigeria in 1999, the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) initiative, the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI), the Paris Club debt relief, the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI), the Nigeria Sovereign Investment Authority (NSIA), and the Excess Crude Account (ECA).
By the end of 2004, the Nigerian government's outstanding external debt had surged to almost $36 billion.
In 2005, Nigeria faced an unsustainable debt scenario, with a total revenue of around $9 billion and a debt portfolio of approximately $36 billion. A turning point emerged in late 2005 through agreements with the Paris Club of Creditors and London, allowing Nigeria to buy back about $30 billion of its $32 billion external debts through a one-time cash payment of $12 billion.
Olusegun Obasanjo, in his 2001 budget speech, highlighted the gravity of Nigeria's debt burden, which, after negotiations, resulted in a pegged debt service of one billion US dollars for 2001. The historic agreement under President Obasanjo removed Nigeria from the list of the world's most poorly rated countries.
Despite this agreement, domestic debt, estimated at around N1.52 trillion during that period, did not witness substantial reduction.
The debt-to-GDP ratio of Nigeria fell from 75% in 1991 to 7.3% in 2008, reaching a low of US$20.6 billion.
The national debt of Nigeria increased again in the 2010s and 2020s, due to various factors, such as the 2010s oil glut, the COVID-19 pandemic, the End SARS protests, the 2021 Nigerian economic crisis, the 2021 Nigerian Twitter ban, and the 2023 Nigerian general election.
As of April 2011, the domestic debt of Nigeria had escalated to N4.8 trillion (approximately $30 billion). This debt had several components: Federal Government Bonds (N3.06 trillion), Nigerian Treasury Bills (N1.44 trillion), and Treasury Bonds (around N372.9 billion). Conversely, the external debt was estimated to be about $4.1 billion.
In 2018, the Nigerian government debt-to-GDP ratio is estimated to be in the region of 24.1 per cent. Then it rose from 7.3% in 2008 to 38.4% in June 2023.
Several factors contributed to Nigeria's rising debt, including overreliance on external debts for project financing, increased public sector workforce leading to higher salary bills, and poor investments due to unrealistic economic policies. The public debt burden in Nigeria comprises two major sources: internal or domestic debt and external or foreign debt. The Debt Management Office (DMO), established by the Debt Management Office (Establishment) Act, 2003, plays a crucial role in coordinating and managing the country's debt stock, both internal and external.
The national debt of Nigeria is composed of two main components: domestic debt and external debt. Domestic debt is the debt owed by the federal government to creditors within the country, such as the Central Bank of Nigeria, commercial banks, pension funds, insurance companies, and other financial institutions. External debt is the debt owed by the federal government to creditors outside the country, such as multilateral institutions, bilateral governments, and private lenders.
As of June 2023, the total national debt of Nigeria was US$113.4 billion, of which US$70.3 billion (61.95%) was domestic debt and US$43.2 billion (38.05%) was external debt. The domestic debt was mainly composed of Nigerian Treasury Bills (NTBs), Nigerian Treasury Bonds (NTBs), Federal Government of Nigeria Savings Bond (FGNSB), Sukuk Bond (Islamic bond), and Green Bond (environmental bond). The external debt was mainly composed of loans from the World Bank, the IDA, the IMF, the AfDB, the EEC, and bilateral creditors.
The management of the national debt of Nigeria is the responsibility of the Debt Management Office (DMO), which was established in 2000 as an autonomous agency under the supervision of the Ministry of Finance. The DMO's mandate is to coordinate the government's borrowing activities, advise on debt policy and strategy, maintain a reliable database of the national debt, and promote the development of the domestic debt market.
The DMO operates under the guidance of the National Economic Council (NEC), which is the highest economic policy-making body in the country, chaired by the Vice President of Nigeria. The NEC approves the annual borrowing plan of the federal government, which specifies the amount, sources, terms, and purposes of borrowing for each fiscal year. The NEC also approves the Medium-Term Debt Management Strategy (MTDS), which is a four-year plan that outlines the objectives, targets, and strategies for managing the national debt.
The DMO implements the annual borrowing plan and the MTDS in accordance with the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2007, which provides the legal framework for fiscal management and accountability in the country. The Act stipulates that the federal government's borrowing shall be for capital expenditure and human development only, and that the debt-to-GDP ratio shall not exceed 40%. The Act also requires the DMO to submit quarterly and annual reports on the national debt to the President of Nigeria, the National Assembly of Nigeria, and the public.
The DMO collaborates with various stakeholders in the management of the national debt, such as the Ministry of Finance, the Central Bank of Nigeria, the Office of the Accountant-General of the Federation, the Office of the Auditor-General of the Federation, the Revenue Mobilization Allocation and Fiscal Commission, the Budget Office of the Federation, the National Planning Commission, the National Bureau of Statistics, the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Nigerian Stock Exchange, and the Association of Issuing Houses of Nigeria.
The DMO also engages with various international organizations and partners in the management of the national debt, such as the World Bank, the IDA, the IMF, the AfDB, the EEC, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the Commonwealth Secretariat, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), the Macroeconomic and Financial Management Institute of Eastern and Southern Africa (MEFMI), the West African Institute for Financial and Economic Management (WAIFEM), and the African Forum and Network on Debt and Development (AFRODAD).
The sustainability of the national debt of Nigeria is the ability of the country to meet its current and future debt obligations without compromising its economic growth, social development, and environmental protection. The sustainability of the national debt depends on various factors, such as the size, structure, and composition of the debt, the level and growth of GDP, the fiscal balance and revenue mobilization, the exchange rate and inflation, the interest rate and debt service, the external and domestic shocks, and the institutional and policy environment.
The DMO conducts regular debt sustainability analysis (DSA) to assess the sustainability of the national debt and to identify potential risks and vulnerabilities. The DMO uses various tools and methodologies for the DSA, such as the Debt Sustainability Framework (DSF) for low-income countries, developed by the World Bank and the IMF, the Debt Management Performance Assessment (DeMPA) tool, developed by the World Bank, and the Medium-Term Debt Management Strategy (MTDS) tool, developed by the World Bank and the IMF.
The DMO publishes the results of the DSA in its annual reports and on its website. The DMO also shares the results of the DSA with the relevant authorities and stakeholders, such as the NEC, the Ministry of Finance, the Central Bank of Nigeria, the National Assembly, and the public. The DMO uses the results of the DSA to inform its debt management strategy and to advise the government on its borrowing policy and strategy.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Nigeria national debt or simply national debt of Nigeria is the total amount of money that the Federal Government of Nigeria owes to its creditors, both domestic and external. The national debt is composed of two main components: debt held by the public and debt held by government accounts. Debt held by the public includes Treasury securities held by investors outside the federal government, such as individuals, corporations, the Central Bank of Nigeria, and foreign, state and local governments. Debt held by government accounts includes non-marketable Treasury securities held in accounts of programs administered by the federal government, such as the Nigeria Social Insurance Trust Fund. The national debt is measured as the face value of the outstanding Treasury securities at a given point in time.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The national debt of Nigeria is subject to a legal limit, known as the debt ceiling, which is determined by the National Assembly of Nigeria. The debt ceiling is the maximum amount of debt that the federal government can incur. As of February 2023, the debt ceiling was set at 40% of GDP.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The national debt of Nigeria has increased over time due to various factors, such as government spending, revenue, economic growth, inflation, exchange rates, and interest rates. The ratio of debt to gross domestic product (GDP) is often used as an indicator of the sustainability and solvency of the national debt. The debt-to-GDP ratio of Nigeria has fluctuated over the years, reaching a peak of 75% in 1991, following the Nigerian Structural Adjustment Program, and a low of 7.3% in 2008, after the Paris Club debt relief. As of November 2023, the debt-to-GDP ratio of Nigeria was 38.79%, which was below the average of 56.3% for Sub-Saharan Africa.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The national debt of Nigeria has implications for the country's economic and social development, as well as its relations with other countries and international organizations. The management of the national debt is the responsibility of the Debt Management Office (DMO), which was established in 2000 as an autonomous agency under the supervision of the Ministry of Finance. The DMO's mandate is to coordinate the government's borrowing activities, advise on debt policy and strategy, maintain a reliable database of the national debt, and promote the development of the domestic debt market.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Nigeria's history of public debt dates back to the colonial era, when the country was under the rule of Britain. The first recorded instance of public borrowing by Nigeria was in 1923-1924. This financial arrangement amounted to approximately £5.7 million, carrying an annual interest rate of 2.5 per cent, and was structured for repayment over a 20-year period.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In 1927, the Nigerian Protectorate issued another £1 million loan from the Bank of England, this time to finance the construction of the Lagos–Port Harcourt Railway. The loan was also guaranteed by the British government, and was repaid in 1938.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Progressing into the late 1930s, Nigeria acquired an additional loan of £4.89 million by the end of 1936, resulting in the country's cumulative public debt reaching about £9.89 million. Subsequently, from 1946 to 1948, Nigeria obtained an additional £5.74 million, further elevating the nation's total debt burden to £21.24 million by the conclusion of 1952.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "In 1958, the Nigerian Protectorate issued a £28 million loan from the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), also known as the World Bank. The loan was the first World Bank loan to Nigeria, and was used to finance the expansion of the Kainji Dam and the Ughelli Power Station. The loan was repaid in 1978.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "As colonial rule drew to a close, Nigeria's aggregate debt stock stood at approximately £17 million. Post-independence, despite a strategic shift toward internal fund generation, Nigeria sought financial support from the Paris Club of Creditors. This subsequent loan amounted to around $31 million, carrying an interest rate of 3.5 per cent per annum and a repayment period spanning two decades.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "After Nigeria gained its independence from Britain in 1960, the country continued to borrow from various sources, both domestic and external, to finance its development needs. The main sources of external borrowing were the World Bank, the International Development Association (IDA), the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the African Development Bank (AfDB), the European Economic Community (EEC), and bilateral creditors, such as the United States, Britain, France, Germany, Japan, and China. The main sources of domestic borrowing were the Central Bank of Nigeria, the Nigerian Industrial Development Bank (NIDB), the Nigerian Agricultural and Cooperative Bank (NACB), and the Nigerian Bank for Commerce and Industry (NBCI).",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "The national debt of Nigeria increased significantly in the 1970s and 1980s, Nigeria's external debt alone soared to a staggering $14.8 billion, with approximately $6.3 billion owed to the Paris Club of Creditors. This was also due to several factors, such as the Nigerian Civil War (1967-1970), the 1973 oil crisis, the 1979 energy crisis, the Second oil price shock, the structural adjustment programs (SAPs), the 1980s oil glut, the 1986 Naira devaluation, and the oil price collapse of the late 1980s and early 1990s. The debt-to-GDP ratio of Nigeria rose from 5.6% in 1960 to 75% in 1991, reaching a peak of US$35.9 billion.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "The period between 1986 and 1993 witnessed a sharp rise in Nigeria's external debt, marking the onset of challenges in debt servicing that persist today.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "Economists pinpoint 1985 as a crucial period when Nigeria's total external debt reached about $19 billion.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "The national debt of Nigeria declined in the 1990s and 2000s, due to various factors, such as the democratization of Nigeria in 1999, the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) initiative, the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI), the Paris Club debt relief, the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI), the Nigeria Sovereign Investment Authority (NSIA), and the Excess Crude Account (ECA).",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "By the end of 2004, the Nigerian government's outstanding external debt had surged to almost $36 billion.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "In 2005, Nigeria faced an unsustainable debt scenario, with a total revenue of around $9 billion and a debt portfolio of approximately $36 billion. A turning point emerged in late 2005 through agreements with the Paris Club of Creditors and London, allowing Nigeria to buy back about $30 billion of its $32 billion external debts through a one-time cash payment of $12 billion.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "Olusegun Obasanjo, in his 2001 budget speech, highlighted the gravity of Nigeria's debt burden, which, after negotiations, resulted in a pegged debt service of one billion US dollars for 2001. The historic agreement under President Obasanjo removed Nigeria from the list of the world's most poorly rated countries.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "Despite this agreement, domestic debt, estimated at around N1.52 trillion during that period, did not witness substantial reduction.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 18,
"text": "The debt-to-GDP ratio of Nigeria fell from 75% in 1991 to 7.3% in 2008, reaching a low of US$20.6 billion.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 19,
"text": "The national debt of Nigeria increased again in the 2010s and 2020s, due to various factors, such as the 2010s oil glut, the COVID-19 pandemic, the End SARS protests, the 2021 Nigerian economic crisis, the 2021 Nigerian Twitter ban, and the 2023 Nigerian general election.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 20,
"text": "As of April 2011, the domestic debt of Nigeria had escalated to N4.8 trillion (approximately $30 billion). This debt had several components: Federal Government Bonds (N3.06 trillion), Nigerian Treasury Bills (N1.44 trillion), and Treasury Bonds (around N372.9 billion). Conversely, the external debt was estimated to be about $4.1 billion.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 21,
"text": "In 2018, the Nigerian government debt-to-GDP ratio is estimated to be in the region of 24.1 per cent. Then it rose from 7.3% in 2008 to 38.4% in June 2023.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 22,
"text": "Several factors contributed to Nigeria's rising debt, including overreliance on external debts for project financing, increased public sector workforce leading to higher salary bills, and poor investments due to unrealistic economic policies. The public debt burden in Nigeria comprises two major sources: internal or domestic debt and external or foreign debt. The Debt Management Office (DMO), established by the Debt Management Office (Establishment) Act, 2003, plays a crucial role in coordinating and managing the country's debt stock, both internal and external.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 23,
"text": "The national debt of Nigeria is composed of two main components: domestic debt and external debt. Domestic debt is the debt owed by the federal government to creditors within the country, such as the Central Bank of Nigeria, commercial banks, pension funds, insurance companies, and other financial institutions. External debt is the debt owed by the federal government to creditors outside the country, such as multilateral institutions, bilateral governments, and private lenders.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 24,
"text": "As of June 2023, the total national debt of Nigeria was US$113.4 billion, of which US$70.3 billion (61.95%) was domestic debt and US$43.2 billion (38.05%) was external debt. The domestic debt was mainly composed of Nigerian Treasury Bills (NTBs), Nigerian Treasury Bonds (NTBs), Federal Government of Nigeria Savings Bond (FGNSB), Sukuk Bond (Islamic bond), and Green Bond (environmental bond). The external debt was mainly composed of loans from the World Bank, the IDA, the IMF, the AfDB, the EEC, and bilateral creditors.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 25,
"text": "The management of the national debt of Nigeria is the responsibility of the Debt Management Office (DMO), which was established in 2000 as an autonomous agency under the supervision of the Ministry of Finance. The DMO's mandate is to coordinate the government's borrowing activities, advise on debt policy and strategy, maintain a reliable database of the national debt, and promote the development of the domestic debt market.",
"title": "Debt management"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 26,
"text": "The DMO operates under the guidance of the National Economic Council (NEC), which is the highest economic policy-making body in the country, chaired by the Vice President of Nigeria. The NEC approves the annual borrowing plan of the federal government, which specifies the amount, sources, terms, and purposes of borrowing for each fiscal year. The NEC also approves the Medium-Term Debt Management Strategy (MTDS), which is a four-year plan that outlines the objectives, targets, and strategies for managing the national debt.",
"title": "Debt management"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 27,
"text": "The DMO implements the annual borrowing plan and the MTDS in accordance with the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2007, which provides the legal framework for fiscal management and accountability in the country. The Act stipulates that the federal government's borrowing shall be for capital expenditure and human development only, and that the debt-to-GDP ratio shall not exceed 40%. The Act also requires the DMO to submit quarterly and annual reports on the national debt to the President of Nigeria, the National Assembly of Nigeria, and the public.",
"title": "Debt management"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 28,
"text": "The DMO collaborates with various stakeholders in the management of the national debt, such as the Ministry of Finance, the Central Bank of Nigeria, the Office of the Accountant-General of the Federation, the Office of the Auditor-General of the Federation, the Revenue Mobilization Allocation and Fiscal Commission, the Budget Office of the Federation, the National Planning Commission, the National Bureau of Statistics, the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Nigerian Stock Exchange, and the Association of Issuing Houses of Nigeria.",
"title": "Debt management"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 29,
"text": "The DMO also engages with various international organizations and partners in the management of the national debt, such as the World Bank, the IDA, the IMF, the AfDB, the EEC, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the Commonwealth Secretariat, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), the Macroeconomic and Financial Management Institute of Eastern and Southern Africa (MEFMI), the West African Institute for Financial and Economic Management (WAIFEM), and the African Forum and Network on Debt and Development (AFRODAD).",
"title": "Debt management"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 30,
"text": "The sustainability of the national debt of Nigeria is the ability of the country to meet its current and future debt obligations without compromising its economic growth, social development, and environmental protection. The sustainability of the national debt depends on various factors, such as the size, structure, and composition of the debt, the level and growth of GDP, the fiscal balance and revenue mobilization, the exchange rate and inflation, the interest rate and debt service, the external and domestic shocks, and the institutional and policy environment.",
"title": "Debt sustainability"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 31,
"text": "The DMO conducts regular debt sustainability analysis (DSA) to assess the sustainability of the national debt and to identify potential risks and vulnerabilities. The DMO uses various tools and methodologies for the DSA, such as the Debt Sustainability Framework (DSF) for low-income countries, developed by the World Bank and the IMF, the Debt Management Performance Assessment (DeMPA) tool, developed by the World Bank, and the Medium-Term Debt Management Strategy (MTDS) tool, developed by the World Bank and the IMF.",
"title": "Debt sustainability"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 32,
"text": "The DMO publishes the results of the DSA in its annual reports and on its website. The DMO also shares the results of the DSA with the relevant authorities and stakeholders, such as the NEC, the Ministry of Finance, the Central Bank of Nigeria, the National Assembly, and the public. The DMO uses the results of the DSA to inform its debt management strategy and to advise the government on its borrowing policy and strategy.",
"title": "Debt sustainability"
}
] |
The Nigeria national debt or simply national debt of Nigeria is the total amount of money that the Federal Government of Nigeria owes to its creditors, both domestic and external. The national debt is composed of two main components: debt held by the public and debt held by government accounts. Debt held by the public includes Treasury securities held by investors outside the federal government, such as individuals, corporations, the Central Bank of Nigeria, and foreign, state and local governments. Debt held by government accounts includes non-marketable Treasury securities held in accounts of programs administered by the federal government, such as the Nigeria Social Insurance Trust Fund. The national debt is measured as the face value of the outstanding Treasury securities at a given point in time. The national debt of Nigeria is subject to a legal limit, known as the debt ceiling, which is determined by the National Assembly of Nigeria. The debt ceiling is the maximum amount of debt that the federal government can incur. As of February 2023, the debt ceiling was set at 40% of GDP. The national debt of Nigeria has increased over time due to various factors, such as government spending, revenue, economic growth, inflation, exchange rates, and interest rates. The ratio of debt to gross domestic product (GDP) is often used as an indicator of the sustainability and solvency of the national debt. The debt-to-GDP ratio of Nigeria has fluctuated over the years, reaching a peak of 75% in 1991, following the Nigerian Structural Adjustment Program, and a low of 7.3% in 2008, after the Paris Club debt relief. As of November 2023, the debt-to-GDP ratio of Nigeria was 38.79%, which was below the average of 56.3% for Sub-Saharan Africa. The national debt of Nigeria has implications for the country's economic and social development, as well as its relations with other countries and international organizations. The management of the national debt is the responsibility of the Debt Management Office (DMO), which was established in 2000 as an autonomous agency under the supervision of the Ministry of Finance. The DMO's mandate is to coordinate the government's borrowing activities, advise on debt policy and strategy, maintain a reliable database of the national debt, and promote the development of the domestic debt market.
|
2023-12-02T21:38:59Z
|
2023-12-14T17:37:16Z
|
[
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Sfn",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite journal",
"Template:Cite book"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigeria_national_debt
|
75,466,954 |
Ars Notoria
|
The Ars Notoria (English: Notory Art) is a 13th-century Latin and northern Italian textbook of magic (now retroactively called a grimoire) which claims to grant its solitary practitioner an enhancement of his or her mental faculties (i.e., memory, eloquence, and intelligence), spiritual faculties for communicating with angels, and the acquisition of earthly and heavenly knowledge through ritual magic. The magical ritual that it describes expresses both religious orthodoxy and esoteric elements which captivated young boys, university students, and clerics for its promise of a fast-track to gaining knowledge rapidly. This textbook of magic has a complicated history, both mythical and historical. The Ars Notoria, as a magical text, contains the only known surviving fragment of the Golden Flowers (Latin: Flores Aurei) falsely attributed to Apollonius of Tyana. The unknown scribe(s) of the Golden Flowers supplemented it with other later material, including the New Art (Latin: Ars Nova), the first derivative Latin text of the Golden Flowers. The Golden Flowers, together with the New Art and supplemented material, has become known today as the Ars Notoria. Aside from the New Art, the Ars Notoria established an entire magical tradition and corpus of Latin writings, including the Work of Works (Opus Operum), the Book of Flowers of Heavenly Teaching (Liber Florum Caelestis Doctrinae) composed by John of Morigny, the Short Art (Ars Brevis), the abridged notory art attributed to Thomas of Toledo (Ars Abbreviata), the Pauline Art (Ars Paulina), and The Notory Art, which the Almighty Creator Revealed to Solomon (Ars Notoria, quam Creator Altissimus Salomoni revelavit), lasting until the 17th century.
The term “notory art” in lowercase letters denotes the ritual magic practice or genre, whereas the capitalization of the term denotes the historical book. The Ars Notoria (its spelling is not to be confused with civil-law notary) claims to teach all forms of knowledge through the notae (Latin noun: nota, notae, meaning a “note” or a “mark”; Latin verb: noto, notare, notavi, notatum, “to note” or “to mark”). Véronèse and Castle define the technical term nota as a certain kind of knowledge represented as the strangely formulated prayers and the pictorial figures given in the text, although Skinner and Clark limit the definition of the term to just the pictorial figures. The strangely formulated prayers are claimed to be able to invoke the names of angels and are composed in a distorted and interweaving of the Greek, Chaldean, and Hebrew languages. The mythical account of the notory art declares that King Solomon had formulated these prayers “with the wonderful privilege of divine help” and this formulation may be the Judaic, kabbalistic, and exegetical method called notarikon.
The Ars Notoria expands upon the biblical narrative account about King Solomon receiving a vision from God in which he asks for wisdom and God grants it to him (2 Chronicles 1:1-12; 1 Kings 3:3-15). Essentially, the claim is that King Solomon obtained his vast knowledge and wisdom via the notory art. The Ars Notoria says that Solomon received the “golden tablets above the altar of the Temple” from the angel Pamphilius who taught him the “method, form, and contents” of the notory art (i.e., the esoteric formulation of the prayers and the ritual practice of the notory art, including the inspection of the magical figures). After his divine revelation, Solomon made his compilation of writings called the Book of Flowers of Heavenly Teaching (Liber Florum Caelestis Doctrinae) using “a distorted speech” (perhaps formulated by notarikon) out of the Hebrew, Chaldean, and Greek languages. (Solomon’s Liber Florum is not to be confused with the 14th-century work of the French Benedictine monk John of Morigny of the same name). From Solomon’s Liber Florum, it is said that Apollonius of Tyana wrote his own florilegium based on Solomon’s work called the Golden Flowers (Flores Aurei). Apollonius provided his own commentary. Supposedly, Apollonius wrote his own Latin translations or summaries called “prologues” (Latin: prologus, prologi) of a few of Solomon’s mysteriously formulated prayers. It is explained that these Latin “prologues” do not convey the full meaning of the original but only offer the first part of the mysteriously formulated prayer. Apollonius explains that the decoding process would be too long and cumbersome to decipher and translate into Latin for the reader. These “prologues” present a distinct tone of Christian orthodoxy, while the mysteriously formulated prayers resemble magical formulas called voces magicae. The pictorial figures are generally depicted as geometric shapes and composites, although they are understood as having a different ritual function from sigils, their true ritual function is disputed. Véronèse proposes hypotheses that the figures may relate to the symbols (sunthemata) of Neoplatonic theurgy or the art of memory. He also suggests that inspecting the figures might induce visionary experiences, which is a position favored by Skinner and Clark. Yates and Castle assert the ritual function as relating to the art of memory. In any case, the Notory Art asserts that the figures are assigned to various disciplines of study and moral virtue.
Euclid of Thebes, the father of Honorius the author of the Sworn Book of Honorius (Liber Iuratus Honorii), and Mani (or Ptolemy according to other witnesses) are said to have tested and verified the efficacy of the notory art. In a second divine revelation, Solomon received the New Art wrapped in a cloth in the Temple after he had atoned for his sin against God for having mocked the Notory Art.
The Ars Notoria survives in about fifty manuscripts, dating from the 13th century to the 18th century. Julien Véronèse has grouped these manuscripts into three classes, thereby establishing the textual tradition: Version A (the most primitive and short version), Version A2 (the intermediary version), and Version B (the long and glossed version). Of the textual tradition, Versions A and A2 are dated to the 13th and 14th centuries. Version B is dated to the 14th and 16th centuries. The textual tradition past the 16th century consists of later copies and composites and is therefore understudied except for The Notory Art, which the Almighty Creator Revealed to Solomon mentioned below. Véronèse has also published a semi-critical Latin edition based on the best exemplar manuscripts in 2007. The first complete English translation based on Véronèse’s Latin edition was made by Matthias Castle in 2023.
Véronèse proposes a date and provenance of the Ars Notoria to the late 12th or early 13th century in northern Italy. Castle agrees with Véronèse’s proposal of the present-day form of the Ars Notoria. Skinner and Clark and Castle hypothesize a Byzantine Greek origin hypothesis for the lost original of Apollonius’ Golden Flowers.
The medieval text of the Ars Notoria is founded upon the only surviving fragment of the Golden Flowers falsely attributed to Apollonius of Tyana. The Golden Flowers presents three chapters and the third is agreed to contain redacted and/or supplemented material, including the ten prayers of the New Art, the first derivative text of the Golden Flowers. However, the third chapter’s structure may be disputed.
The essential features of this medieval European magic involve dreams of a tutelary angel, strangely formulated prayers, magical figures, and following certain astrological prescriptions. These elements may bear an analogue to theurgy in its practice and carry a vestige of the hermetic tradition. Despite these pagan undertones, the Ars Notoria presents overt Christian and devotional practices, such as prayers, ascesis, and almsgiving. In this way, the magical text presents a unique blend of traditional, monastic, and esoteric practices.
The New Art is the first derivative text of the Golden Flowers which presents a ritual of ten prayers which may stand alone or be worked in conjunction with the ritual of the Golden Flowers. These ten prayers are not bound by any time restraints like those found in the Golden Flowers nor is it as involved, making it a more attractive alternative to the practitioner.
The mid-13th-century magical treatise, penned by an unknown author, adapts the same goal of the Ars Notoria for the purpose of enhancing one’s mental faculties and attaining scholastic knowledge in a short period of time. The Work of Works reflects the same concept of mysteriously formulated prayers accompanied by Latin “prologues”. The text offers a unique three-month prayer regimen of thirty-two prayers. The Work of Works is usually accompanied by a Version A or Version A2 copy of the Ars Notoria in the extant manuscripts. The first critical Latin edition was published by Véronèse (2007), and the first English translation appears in the Castle edition (2023).
The 14th-century magical treatise authored by the French Benedictine monk John of Morigny adapts the structure and goal of the Ars Notoria, promising its practitioner knowledge of the liberal arts and other disciplines. John of Morigny expanded and revised his work, supposedly under the guidance of the Virgin Mary, and to distance it from accusations that its content resembled necromancy and ritual magic. The first Latin edition and systematic study of the Book of Flowers of Heavenly Teaching was published by Fanger and Watson (2015). Only a few excerpts have been translated into English among other publications.
The mid-14th-century magical treatise was originally called the The Good and Short Notory Art (Ars Notoria Brevis et Bona) but its title was abbreviated by Véronèse. This work is not to be confused with Ramon Llull’s Short Art (Ars Brevis) published in 1308, which explains a logical method to solve problems using a special alphabet set upon geometric figures. The original author of this magical text is unknown but might be understood as a pseudepigraphal work attributed to John of Morigny. This magical text is divided into two books. The first is called the “Blessed Book of John” which contains magical experiments for the acquisition of worldly knowledge, secrets, and the enhancement of mental faculties by means of contacting an angel through dream incubation or vision. These magical experiments consist of Catholic liturgy, votive masses and prayers blended with notory art prayers and magical figures. The second book is called the “Book of Divine Revelation,” and it consists of prayers derived from the Ars Notoria. Véronèse published a Latin edition in 2004. The first English translation of the Short Art based on a new Latin edition is published in the Castle edition (2023).
The 14th-century magical treatise attributed to a certain Thomas of Toldeo presents a one-month ritual procedure consisting of three prayers for the acquisition of the liberal arts, medicine, theology, and jurisprudence plus nine magical figures. Thomas of Toldeo distills the essence of the notory art into this abbreviated ritual practice. Véronèse published a Latin edition in 2004. The first English translation of the Abbreviated Art is published in the Castle edition (2023).
The 15th-century magical text of Italian origin called the Pauline Art (Ars Paulina) was renamed to Pauline Art [of Seven Figures] by Castle to distinguish it from the 17th-century Pauline Art, a separate magical treatise for the evocation of celestial and angelic spirits as compiled in the Lemegeton, the Lesser Key of Solomon. The Pauline Art [of Seven Figures] claims its mythical origins come from the New Testament account of Paul of Tarsus who had a divine vision of being taken up into the third heaven (2 Corinthians 12:1-4). The text contains seven figures dedicated to the divine hypotheses of Christian theology in order to acquire religious literacy of the Holy Scriptures in three months. Véronèse published a Latin edition in 2004. The first English translation of the Pauline Art is published in the Castle edition (2023).
The Notory Art, which the Almighty Creator Revealed to Solomon (Ars Notoria, quam Creator Altissimus Salomoni revelavit) is a 17th-century Latin derivative and composite text compiled by an unknown scribe and first published in the Collected Works (Opera Omnia; c. 1620), vol. 2 (pages 603-660) of Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim. This Latin edition comprises the Ars Notoria (Version B), the Short Art, and special blended material of both, although incomplete and imperfect in many respects. There are significant omissions of the Version B glosses, a rearrangement of the original sections from the Ars Notoria, and none of the notory art figures are present. The material borrowed from the Short Art had its Catholic elements removed by a Protestant scribe and only a single figure remains. Robert Turner of Holshott published an English translation in 1657, which has subsequently seen several reprints, most notably by Teitan Press (2015) and Golden Hoard (2019). A comparison of the Latin edition against the English edition has been made by Joseph H. Peterson (1986, 2009, 2023).
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Ars Notoria (English: Notory Art) is a 13th-century Latin and northern Italian textbook of magic (now retroactively called a grimoire) which claims to grant its solitary practitioner an enhancement of his or her mental faculties (i.e., memory, eloquence, and intelligence), spiritual faculties for communicating with angels, and the acquisition of earthly and heavenly knowledge through ritual magic. The magical ritual that it describes expresses both religious orthodoxy and esoteric elements which captivated young boys, university students, and clerics for its promise of a fast-track to gaining knowledge rapidly. This textbook of magic has a complicated history, both mythical and historical. The Ars Notoria, as a magical text, contains the only known surviving fragment of the Golden Flowers (Latin: Flores Aurei) falsely attributed to Apollonius of Tyana. The unknown scribe(s) of the Golden Flowers supplemented it with other later material, including the New Art (Latin: Ars Nova), the first derivative Latin text of the Golden Flowers. The Golden Flowers, together with the New Art and supplemented material, has become known today as the Ars Notoria. Aside from the New Art, the Ars Notoria established an entire magical tradition and corpus of Latin writings, including the Work of Works (Opus Operum), the Book of Flowers of Heavenly Teaching (Liber Florum Caelestis Doctrinae) composed by John of Morigny, the Short Art (Ars Brevis), the abridged notory art attributed to Thomas of Toledo (Ars Abbreviata), the Pauline Art (Ars Paulina), and The Notory Art, which the Almighty Creator Revealed to Solomon (Ars Notoria, quam Creator Altissimus Salomoni revelavit), lasting until the 17th century.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The term “notory art” in lowercase letters denotes the ritual magic practice or genre, whereas the capitalization of the term denotes the historical book. The Ars Notoria (its spelling is not to be confused with civil-law notary) claims to teach all forms of knowledge through the notae (Latin noun: nota, notae, meaning a “note” or a “mark”; Latin verb: noto, notare, notavi, notatum, “to note” or “to mark”). Véronèse and Castle define the technical term nota as a certain kind of knowledge represented as the strangely formulated prayers and the pictorial figures given in the text, although Skinner and Clark limit the definition of the term to just the pictorial figures. The strangely formulated prayers are claimed to be able to invoke the names of angels and are composed in a distorted and interweaving of the Greek, Chaldean, and Hebrew languages. The mythical account of the notory art declares that King Solomon had formulated these prayers “with the wonderful privilege of divine help” and this formulation may be the Judaic, kabbalistic, and exegetical method called notarikon.",
"title": "Book title"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The Ars Notoria expands upon the biblical narrative account about King Solomon receiving a vision from God in which he asks for wisdom and God grants it to him (2 Chronicles 1:1-12; 1 Kings 3:3-15). Essentially, the claim is that King Solomon obtained his vast knowledge and wisdom via the notory art. The Ars Notoria says that Solomon received the “golden tablets above the altar of the Temple” from the angel Pamphilius who taught him the “method, form, and contents” of the notory art (i.e., the esoteric formulation of the prayers and the ritual practice of the notory art, including the inspection of the magical figures). After his divine revelation, Solomon made his compilation of writings called the Book of Flowers of Heavenly Teaching (Liber Florum Caelestis Doctrinae) using “a distorted speech” (perhaps formulated by notarikon) out of the Hebrew, Chaldean, and Greek languages. (Solomon’s Liber Florum is not to be confused with the 14th-century work of the French Benedictine monk John of Morigny of the same name). From Solomon’s Liber Florum, it is said that Apollonius of Tyana wrote his own florilegium based on Solomon’s work called the Golden Flowers (Flores Aurei). Apollonius provided his own commentary. Supposedly, Apollonius wrote his own Latin translations or summaries called “prologues” (Latin: prologus, prologi) of a few of Solomon’s mysteriously formulated prayers. It is explained that these Latin “prologues” do not convey the full meaning of the original but only offer the first part of the mysteriously formulated prayer. Apollonius explains that the decoding process would be too long and cumbersome to decipher and translate into Latin for the reader. These “prologues” present a distinct tone of Christian orthodoxy, while the mysteriously formulated prayers resemble magical formulas called voces magicae. The pictorial figures are generally depicted as geometric shapes and composites, although they are understood as having a different ritual function from sigils, their true ritual function is disputed. Véronèse proposes hypotheses that the figures may relate to the symbols (sunthemata) of Neoplatonic theurgy or the art of memory. He also suggests that inspecting the figures might induce visionary experiences, which is a position favored by Skinner and Clark. Yates and Castle assert the ritual function as relating to the art of memory. In any case, the Notory Art asserts that the figures are assigned to various disciplines of study and moral virtue.",
"title": "Composition"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Euclid of Thebes, the father of Honorius the author of the Sworn Book of Honorius (Liber Iuratus Honorii), and Mani (or Ptolemy according to other witnesses) are said to have tested and verified the efficacy of the notory art. In a second divine revelation, Solomon received the New Art wrapped in a cloth in the Temple after he had atoned for his sin against God for having mocked the Notory Art.",
"title": "Composition"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The Ars Notoria survives in about fifty manuscripts, dating from the 13th century to the 18th century. Julien Véronèse has grouped these manuscripts into three classes, thereby establishing the textual tradition: Version A (the most primitive and short version), Version A2 (the intermediary version), and Version B (the long and glossed version). Of the textual tradition, Versions A and A2 are dated to the 13th and 14th centuries. Version B is dated to the 14th and 16th centuries. The textual tradition past the 16th century consists of later copies and composites and is therefore understudied except for The Notory Art, which the Almighty Creator Revealed to Solomon mentioned below. Véronèse has also published a semi-critical Latin edition based on the best exemplar manuscripts in 2007. The first complete English translation based on Véronèse’s Latin edition was made by Matthias Castle in 2023.",
"title": "Composition"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Véronèse proposes a date and provenance of the Ars Notoria to the late 12th or early 13th century in northern Italy. Castle agrees with Véronèse’s proposal of the present-day form of the Ars Notoria. Skinner and Clark and Castle hypothesize a Byzantine Greek origin hypothesis for the lost original of Apollonius’ Golden Flowers.",
"title": "Composition"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The medieval text of the Ars Notoria is founded upon the only surviving fragment of the Golden Flowers falsely attributed to Apollonius of Tyana. The Golden Flowers presents three chapters and the third is agreed to contain redacted and/or supplemented material, including the ten prayers of the New Art, the first derivative text of the Golden Flowers. However, the third chapter’s structure may be disputed.",
"title": "Structure and content"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "The essential features of this medieval European magic involve dreams of a tutelary angel, strangely formulated prayers, magical figures, and following certain astrological prescriptions. These elements may bear an analogue to theurgy in its practice and carry a vestige of the hermetic tradition. Despite these pagan undertones, the Ars Notoria presents overt Christian and devotional practices, such as prayers, ascesis, and almsgiving. In this way, the magical text presents a unique blend of traditional, monastic, and esoteric practices.",
"title": "Structure and content"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The New Art is the first derivative text of the Golden Flowers which presents a ritual of ten prayers which may stand alone or be worked in conjunction with the ritual of the Golden Flowers. These ten prayers are not bound by any time restraints like those found in the Golden Flowers nor is it as involved, making it a more attractive alternative to the practitioner.",
"title": "Corpus of related writings"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "The mid-13th-century magical treatise, penned by an unknown author, adapts the same goal of the Ars Notoria for the purpose of enhancing one’s mental faculties and attaining scholastic knowledge in a short period of time. The Work of Works reflects the same concept of mysteriously formulated prayers accompanied by Latin “prologues”. The text offers a unique three-month prayer regimen of thirty-two prayers. The Work of Works is usually accompanied by a Version A or Version A2 copy of the Ars Notoria in the extant manuscripts. The first critical Latin edition was published by Véronèse (2007), and the first English translation appears in the Castle edition (2023).",
"title": "Corpus of related writings"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "The 14th-century magical treatise authored by the French Benedictine monk John of Morigny adapts the structure and goal of the Ars Notoria, promising its practitioner knowledge of the liberal arts and other disciplines. John of Morigny expanded and revised his work, supposedly under the guidance of the Virgin Mary, and to distance it from accusations that its content resembled necromancy and ritual magic. The first Latin edition and systematic study of the Book of Flowers of Heavenly Teaching was published by Fanger and Watson (2015). Only a few excerpts have been translated into English among other publications.",
"title": "Corpus of related writings"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "The mid-14th-century magical treatise was originally called the The Good and Short Notory Art (Ars Notoria Brevis et Bona) but its title was abbreviated by Véronèse. This work is not to be confused with Ramon Llull’s Short Art (Ars Brevis) published in 1308, which explains a logical method to solve problems using a special alphabet set upon geometric figures. The original author of this magical text is unknown but might be understood as a pseudepigraphal work attributed to John of Morigny. This magical text is divided into two books. The first is called the “Blessed Book of John” which contains magical experiments for the acquisition of worldly knowledge, secrets, and the enhancement of mental faculties by means of contacting an angel through dream incubation or vision. These magical experiments consist of Catholic liturgy, votive masses and prayers blended with notory art prayers and magical figures. The second book is called the “Book of Divine Revelation,” and it consists of prayers derived from the Ars Notoria. Véronèse published a Latin edition in 2004. The first English translation of the Short Art based on a new Latin edition is published in the Castle edition (2023).",
"title": "Corpus of related writings"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "The 14th-century magical treatise attributed to a certain Thomas of Toldeo presents a one-month ritual procedure consisting of three prayers for the acquisition of the liberal arts, medicine, theology, and jurisprudence plus nine magical figures. Thomas of Toldeo distills the essence of the notory art into this abbreviated ritual practice. Véronèse published a Latin edition in 2004. The first English translation of the Abbreviated Art is published in the Castle edition (2023).",
"title": "Corpus of related writings"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "The 15th-century magical text of Italian origin called the Pauline Art (Ars Paulina) was renamed to Pauline Art [of Seven Figures] by Castle to distinguish it from the 17th-century Pauline Art, a separate magical treatise for the evocation of celestial and angelic spirits as compiled in the Lemegeton, the Lesser Key of Solomon. The Pauline Art [of Seven Figures] claims its mythical origins come from the New Testament account of Paul of Tarsus who had a divine vision of being taken up into the third heaven (2 Corinthians 12:1-4). The text contains seven figures dedicated to the divine hypotheses of Christian theology in order to acquire religious literacy of the Holy Scriptures in three months. Véronèse published a Latin edition in 2004. The first English translation of the Pauline Art is published in the Castle edition (2023).",
"title": "Corpus of related writings"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "The Notory Art, which the Almighty Creator Revealed to Solomon (Ars Notoria, quam Creator Altissimus Salomoni revelavit) is a 17th-century Latin derivative and composite text compiled by an unknown scribe and first published in the Collected Works (Opera Omnia; c. 1620), vol. 2 (pages 603-660) of Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim. This Latin edition comprises the Ars Notoria (Version B), the Short Art, and special blended material of both, although incomplete and imperfect in many respects. There are significant omissions of the Version B glosses, a rearrangement of the original sections from the Ars Notoria, and none of the notory art figures are present. The material borrowed from the Short Art had its Catholic elements removed by a Protestant scribe and only a single figure remains. Robert Turner of Holshott published an English translation in 1657, which has subsequently seen several reprints, most notably by Teitan Press (2015) and Golden Hoard (2019). A comparison of the Latin edition against the English edition has been made by Joseph H. Peterson (1986, 2009, 2023).",
"title": "Corpus of related writings"
}
] |
The Ars Notoria is a 13th-century Latin and northern Italian textbook of magic which claims to grant its solitary practitioner an enhancement of his or her mental faculties, spiritual faculties for communicating with angels, and the acquisition of earthly and heavenly knowledge through ritual magic. The magical ritual that it describes expresses both religious orthodoxy and esoteric elements which captivated young boys, university students, and clerics for its promise of a fast-track to gaining knowledge rapidly. This textbook of magic has a complicated history, both mythical and historical. The Ars Notoria, as a magical text, contains the only known surviving fragment of the Golden Flowers falsely attributed to Apollonius of Tyana. The unknown scribe(s) of the Golden Flowers supplemented it with other later material, including the New Art, the first derivative Latin text of the Golden Flowers. The Golden Flowers, together with the New Art and supplemented material, has become known today as the Ars Notoria. Aside from the New Art, the Ars Notoria established an entire magical tradition and corpus of Latin writings, including the Work of Works, the Book of Flowers of Heavenly Teaching composed by John of Morigny, the Short Art, the abridged notory art attributed to Thomas of Toledo, the Pauline Art, and The Notory Art, which the Almighty Creator Revealed to Solomon, lasting until the 17th century.
|
2023-12-02T21:41:03Z
|
2023-12-18T09:33:10Z
|
[
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Improve categories",
"Template:Italicized title",
"Template:Multiple issues",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite book",
"Template:Cite journal"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Notoria
|
75,466,973 |
Teo (singer)
|
Teo (singer) may refer to:
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Teo (singer) may refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] |
Teo (singer) may refer to: Teo
Téo, an American singer
|
2023-12-02T21:43:35Z
|
2023-12-02T21:55:04Z
|
[
"Template:Disambiguation"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teo_(singer)
|
75,466,984 |
Tom Bradley (disambiguation)
|
[] |
2023-12-02T21:45:46Z
|
2023-12-03T01:10:08Z
|
[
"Template:R to disambiguation page"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Bradley_(disambiguation)
|
||
75,466,990 |
Limet, Belgium
|
Limet is a hamlet in the district of Vierset-Barse, in the municipality of Modave in Wallonia, Belgium.
The hamlet contains a well-preserved Romanesque chapel, the oldest parts of which date from the 11th century. It is built in a simple Mosan style and has been little altered throughout the centuries. It was renovated and examined archaeologically in 1996.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Limet is a hamlet in the district of Vierset-Barse, in the municipality of Modave in Wallonia, Belgium.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The hamlet contains a well-preserved Romanesque chapel, the oldest parts of which date from the 11th century. It is built in a simple Mosan style and has been little altered throughout the centuries. It was renovated and examined archaeologically in 1996.",
"title": ""
}
] |
Limet is a hamlet in the district of Vierset-Barse, in the municipality of Modave in Wallonia, Belgium. The hamlet contains a well-preserved Romanesque chapel, the oldest parts of which date from the 11th century. It is built in a simple Mosan style and has been little altered throughout the centuries. It was renovated and examined archaeologically in 1996.
|
2023-12-02T21:46:14Z
|
2023-12-02T21:46:14Z
|
[
"Template:Cite book",
"Template:Liege-geo-stub",
"Template:Infobox settlement",
"Template:Reflist"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limet,_Belgium
|
75,466,992 |
Harriette Lombard Hennessy
|
Harriette Lombard Hennessy (née Sheehy; 23 June 1871 - 13 April 1913) was an Irish medical doctor, author, and advisor on medical articles for the Encyclopædia Britannica.
Harriette Mary Lombard Sheehy was born on 23 June 1871 in Dublin, Ireland. She was the daughter of Charlotte (née Lombard) and Edward Bryan Sheehy. In 1892, she married James Walter Hennessy. The couple had two children: Christopher James (born 1893), and Olive Mary Hope (born 1894). James Walter Hennessy died in 1896.
Hennessy gained her M.D. degree in Brussels, and was licenced to practice by the Royal College of Physicians in the same year. By this time, medical schools in Ireland were open to women, and she was licenced to practice as both a physician and a surgeon. She opened her own medical practice in Fitzwilliam Square, Dublin.
Hennessy was involved with the Irish Women's Suffrage and Local Government Association, including by holding drawing room meetings at her Dublin home. She was also associated with the Irish Women's Progressive Union, for whom she spoke.
Hennessy acted as medical advisor to the Eleventh Edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica. She was given charge of sub-editing entries on medical topics, as well as contributing a number of her own. These appeared under her initials, "H. L. H.".
Hennessy died on 13 April 1913 in Killavullen, Ireland.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Harriette Lombard Hennessy (née Sheehy; 23 June 1871 - 13 April 1913) was an Irish medical doctor, author, and advisor on medical articles for the Encyclopædia Britannica.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Harriette Mary Lombard Sheehy was born on 23 June 1871 in Dublin, Ireland. She was the daughter of Charlotte (née Lombard) and Edward Bryan Sheehy. In 1892, she married James Walter Hennessy. The couple had two children: Christopher James (born 1893), and Olive Mary Hope (born 1894). James Walter Hennessy died in 1896.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Hennessy gained her M.D. degree in Brussels, and was licenced to practice by the Royal College of Physicians in the same year. By this time, medical schools in Ireland were open to women, and she was licenced to practice as both a physician and a surgeon. She opened her own medical practice in Fitzwilliam Square, Dublin.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Hennessy was involved with the Irish Women's Suffrage and Local Government Association, including by holding drawing room meetings at her Dublin home. She was also associated with the Irish Women's Progressive Union, for whom she spoke.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Hennessy acted as medical advisor to the Eleventh Edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica. She was given charge of sub-editing entries on medical topics, as well as contributing a number of her own. These appeared under her initials, \"H. L. H.\".",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Hennessy died on 13 April 1913 in Killavullen, Ireland.",
"title": "Life"
}
] |
Harriette Lombard Hennessy was an Irish medical doctor, author, and advisor on medical articles for the Encyclopædia Britannica.
|
2023-12-02T21:46:21Z
|
2023-12-06T11:07:43Z
|
[
"Template:Orphan",
"Template:Infobox person",
"Template:Cite book",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite news"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harriette_Lombard_Hennessy
|
75,467,032 |
Fula Christians
|
Fula Christians or also called Fulani Christians are members of the Fula people who profess Christianity in all their denominations. Due to the strong historical Muslim tradition of this ethnic group, religious conversion has been low. It is estimated that around 1-2% of the total Fulani population belongs to a religion other than Islam or to some African traditional faiths with a predominant Islamic religious syncretism.
The Fulani were one of the first Islamized peoples in Africa, abandoning their ancient ancestral spiritual traditions and strongly embedding the teachings of Muhammad in their daily lives. For this reason, attempts to evangelize the Fula peoples have historically been unsuccessful, considering in many cases that they directly associate their sense of ethnic identity with Islam as well. In some cases, intermarriage with a Christian person not belonging to a Fula tribe has allowed the religious conversion of the Muslim Fula, not without challenges of discrimination and social rejection by their peers.
As a result of these mixtures and unions of peaceful coexistence, social inclusion and tolerance particularly in the Yorubaland, Nigeria, some elements of the Christian faith are mixed in religious syncretism with Islamic traditions, forming a type of "Chrislam" with both faiths belonging to the Abrahamic religions. A more harmonious religious conversion has been experienced by the Fulani who have emigrated out of Africa, as is the case of the Fula Americans, in a country with a vast Christian majority.
Fula Christians suffer different types of threats from radical and Islamic extremist groups in the historical territories where the Fula people live. The situation is even more complex when attacks by Muslim Fulanis (especially Fulani herdsmen) on Christian Fulanis have been reported, who consider them as traitors and carry out arson attacks on churches and entire communities, which also include massacres of dozens and hundreds of civilian Christian faithful. Such incidents have occurred in northern Nigeria during the 21st century as part of the Fulani extremism.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Fula Christians or also called Fulani Christians are members of the Fula people who profess Christianity in all their denominations. Due to the strong historical Muslim tradition of this ethnic group, religious conversion has been low. It is estimated that around 1-2% of the total Fulani population belongs to a religion other than Islam or to some African traditional faiths with a predominant Islamic religious syncretism.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The Fulani were one of the first Islamized peoples in Africa, abandoning their ancient ancestral spiritual traditions and strongly embedding the teachings of Muhammad in their daily lives. For this reason, attempts to evangelize the Fula peoples have historically been unsuccessful, considering in many cases that they directly associate their sense of ethnic identity with Islam as well. In some cases, intermarriage with a Christian person not belonging to a Fula tribe has allowed the religious conversion of the Muslim Fula, not without challenges of discrimination and social rejection by their peers.",
"title": "Evangelization to the Fulani people"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "As a result of these mixtures and unions of peaceful coexistence, social inclusion and tolerance particularly in the Yorubaland, Nigeria, some elements of the Christian faith are mixed in religious syncretism with Islamic traditions, forming a type of \"Chrislam\" with both faiths belonging to the Abrahamic religions. A more harmonious religious conversion has been experienced by the Fulani who have emigrated out of Africa, as is the case of the Fula Americans, in a country with a vast Christian majority.",
"title": "Evangelization to the Fulani people"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Fula Christians suffer different types of threats from radical and Islamic extremist groups in the historical territories where the Fula people live. The situation is even more complex when attacks by Muslim Fulanis (especially Fulani herdsmen) on Christian Fulanis have been reported, who consider them as traitors and carry out arson attacks on churches and entire communities, which also include massacres of dozens and hundreds of civilian Christian faithful. Such incidents have occurred in northern Nigeria during the 21st century as part of the Fulani extremism.",
"title": "Persecution of Fula Christians"
}
] |
Fula Christians or also called Fulani Christians are members of the Fula people who profess Christianity in all their denominations. Due to the strong historical Muslim tradition of this ethnic group, religious conversion has been low. It is estimated that around 1-2% of the total Fulani population belongs to a religion other than Islam or to some African traditional faiths with a predominant Islamic religious syncretism.
|
2023-12-02T21:52:44Z
|
2023-12-31T20:50:01Z
|
[
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite news",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite journal"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fula_Christians
|
75,467,037 |
Bharouli Khas, Ballia
|
Bharouli Khas is a village in Ballia district, Uttar Pradesh, India.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Bharouli Khas is a village in Ballia district, Uttar Pradesh, India.",
"title": ""
}
] |
Bharouli Khas is a village in Ballia district, Uttar Pradesh, India.
|
2023-12-02T21:53:46Z
|
2023-12-03T10:22:16Z
|
[
"Template:Use dmy dates",
"Template:Use Indian English",
"Template:Infobox settlement",
"Template:For",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Bihar-geo-stub"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharouli_Khas,_Ballia
|
75,467,109 |
Bill Zerella
|
Bill Zerella is an American businessman who served as the President and Chief Financial Officer of Fitbit.</ref>https://www.wsj.com/articles/online-car-marketplace-taps-veteran-tech-cfo-raises-55-million-11602801880</ref> He holds an M.B.A. in Finance from the Leonard N. Stern School of Business at New York University. He also holds a B.S. in Accounting from the New York Institute of Technology.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Bill Zerella is an American businessman who served as the President and Chief Financial Officer of Fitbit.</ref>https://www.wsj.com/articles/online-car-marketplace-taps-veteran-tech-cfo-raises-55-million-11602801880</ref> He holds an M.B.A. in Finance from the Leonard N. Stern School of Business at New York University. He also holds a B.S. in Accounting from the New York Institute of Technology.",
"title": ""
}
] |
Bill Zerella is an American businessman who served as the President and Chief Financial Officer of Fitbit.</ref>https://www.wsj.com/articles/online-car-marketplace-taps-veteran-tech-cfo-raises-55-million-11602801880</ref> He holds an M.B.A. in Finance from the Leonard N. Stern School of Business at New York University. He also holds a B.S. in Accounting from the New York Institute of Technology.
|
2023-12-02T21:59:24Z
|
2023-12-03T10:43:50Z
|
[
"Template:Reflist"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Zerella
|
75,467,113 |
Maria Martin (journalist)
|
Maria Emilia Martin (January 28, 1951 – December 2, 2023) was a Mexican-American journalist who primarily focused on Latin American and Latino affairs. After working for National Public Radio (NPR), she founded Latino USA, a radio program focused on Latino American culture, issues, and history.
Martin was born in Mexico City on January 28, 1951 and was of Mexican and Irish descent. She grew up in California. Martin obtained her bachelor's degree at the University of Texas, later attending Ohio State University, where she earned a master's degree in journalism in 1999.
In 1975, Martin first became involved in radio after KBBF, a bilingual radio station in Santa Rosa, California, invited a Chicana group she was a member of, Mujeres por la Raza, to host a weekly show on Friday nights. The weekly show, Somos Chicanas, saw Martin doing her first journalistic work as she produced the show as a volunteer. In doing so, she also became the stations first Latina director.
After leaving KBBF, Martin founded California En Revista, a Spanish-language radio news magazine, and worked for the Latin American News Service in El Paso, Texas as an editor.
Martin joined NPR, where she was an editor on their national program, Latin File. Later, she became NPR's first Latin American affairs editor on the national desk. During her time there, she covered the Nicaraguan Revolution in the 1980s and covered the California State Legislature in the 1970s and 1980s.
Martin left NPR in 1992, and subsequently co-founded Latino USA, an English-language radio program based out of the University of Texas with support from the Ford Foundation. Martin also chose Maria Hinojosa as the show's host. Martin remained with the show as a producer until 2003.
Martin moved to Antigua Guatemala, Guatemala in 2003, where she founded the GraciasVida Center for Media. There, she also produced Después de las Guerras: Central America After the Wars, a 26-part bilingual radio program about the aftermath of the wars in Central America in the 1980s and 1990s.
Martin trained journalists in the Central American countries of Bolivia, Guatemala, and Nicaragua, as well as in Kyrgyzstan, Mexico, Uruguay, and the United States. In San Antonio, Texas, she taught a class at the Esperanza Peace and Justice Center on community radio production.
In 2020, she published a memoir entitled Crossing Borders, Building Bridges: A Journalist's Heart in Latin America. She reported on Guatemala for NBC News, and continued to contribute to NPR reports on Guatemalan issues through 2023.
In 1998, Martin received the Best Voice On The Radio award from The Austin Chronicle's Best of Austin awards.
In 2000, Martin won the Unda-USA Gabriel Award and a Robert F. Kennedy Journalism Award for her story, "Who Were the Torturers? The Betrayal of Sister Dianna Ortiz," which aired on Latino USA in November 1999.
In September 2015, Martin was inducted into the National Association of Hispanic Journalists Hall of Fame.
At the time of her death, Martin was a journalist fellow for the University of South Carolina's Center for Religion and Civic Culture.
In 2023, Martin struggled with health issues. She died at age 72 in Austin, Texas, on December 2, 2023, following an operation.
Her personal papers were donated to the Nettie Lee Benson Latin American Collection at the University of Texas at Austin.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Maria Emilia Martin (January 28, 1951 – December 2, 2023) was a Mexican-American journalist who primarily focused on Latin American and Latino affairs. After working for National Public Radio (NPR), she founded Latino USA, a radio program focused on Latino American culture, issues, and history.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Martin was born in Mexico City on January 28, 1951 and was of Mexican and Irish descent. She grew up in California. Martin obtained her bachelor's degree at the University of Texas, later attending Ohio State University, where she earned a master's degree in journalism in 1999.",
"title": "Early life and education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 1975, Martin first became involved in radio after KBBF, a bilingual radio station in Santa Rosa, California, invited a Chicana group she was a member of, Mujeres por la Raza, to host a weekly show on Friday nights. The weekly show, Somos Chicanas, saw Martin doing her first journalistic work as she produced the show as a volunteer. In doing so, she also became the stations first Latina director.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "After leaving KBBF, Martin founded California En Revista, a Spanish-language radio news magazine, and worked for the Latin American News Service in El Paso, Texas as an editor.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Martin joined NPR, where she was an editor on their national program, Latin File. Later, she became NPR's first Latin American affairs editor on the national desk. During her time there, she covered the Nicaraguan Revolution in the 1980s and covered the California State Legislature in the 1970s and 1980s.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Martin left NPR in 1992, and subsequently co-founded Latino USA, an English-language radio program based out of the University of Texas with support from the Ford Foundation. Martin also chose Maria Hinojosa as the show's host. Martin remained with the show as a producer until 2003.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Martin moved to Antigua Guatemala, Guatemala in 2003, where she founded the GraciasVida Center for Media. There, she also produced Después de las Guerras: Central America After the Wars, a 26-part bilingual radio program about the aftermath of the wars in Central America in the 1980s and 1990s.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Martin trained journalists in the Central American countries of Bolivia, Guatemala, and Nicaragua, as well as in Kyrgyzstan, Mexico, Uruguay, and the United States. In San Antonio, Texas, she taught a class at the Esperanza Peace and Justice Center on community radio production.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "In 2020, she published a memoir entitled Crossing Borders, Building Bridges: A Journalist's Heart in Latin America. She reported on Guatemala for NBC News, and continued to contribute to NPR reports on Guatemalan issues through 2023.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "In 1998, Martin received the Best Voice On The Radio award from The Austin Chronicle's Best of Austin awards.",
"title": "Recognition"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "In 2000, Martin won the Unda-USA Gabriel Award and a Robert F. Kennedy Journalism Award for her story, \"Who Were the Torturers? The Betrayal of Sister Dianna Ortiz,\" which aired on Latino USA in November 1999.",
"title": "Recognition"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "In September 2015, Martin was inducted into the National Association of Hispanic Journalists Hall of Fame.",
"title": "Recognition"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "At the time of her death, Martin was a journalist fellow for the University of South Carolina's Center for Religion and Civic Culture.",
"title": "Recognition"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "In 2023, Martin struggled with health issues. She died at age 72 in Austin, Texas, on December 2, 2023, following an operation.",
"title": "Death and legacy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "Her personal papers were donated to the Nettie Lee Benson Latin American Collection at the University of Texas at Austin.",
"title": "Death and legacy"
}
] |
Maria Emilia Martin was a Mexican-American journalist who primarily focused on Latin American and Latino affairs. After working for National Public Radio (NPR), she founded Latino USA, a radio program focused on Latino American culture, issues, and history.
|
2023-12-02T21:59:49Z
|
2023-12-14T00:10:44Z
|
[
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Use mdy dates",
"Template:Infobox bio",
"Template:'",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite news",
"Template:Cite book",
"Template:Cite journal"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Martin_(journalist)
|
75,467,138 |
Kimura Kaishū
|
Kimura Kaishū (木村芥舟, 27 February 1830 – 9 December 1901), also known as Kimura Yoshitake (木村喜毅), was a Japanese admiral known for being the commander of the Japanese Embassy to the United States in 1860, Japan's first foreign embassy mission after the end of sakoku, sailing aboard the Kanrin Maru. He was also the governor of Settsu Province (Japanese: 摂津守, romanized: Settsu-no-kami), which covered parts of modern-day Osaka prefecture and Hyogo prefecture.
Kimura was born in 1830 with the name Kansuke (Japanese: 勘助) as the seventh generation of a Hatamoto family, part of the samurai class. In 1842, he was appointed as an apprentice to the Hama palace magistrate by Mizuno Tadakuni. Due to being favoured by the twelfth Tokugawa shogun, Tokugawa Ieyoshi, he rose through the ranks quickly, and in 1856 he was appointed to the kōbusho as inspector of the western wing (Japanese: 西の丸目付, romanized: nishi-no-maru metsuke), a position at Edo castle.
In 1857 he was appointed as director of the Nagasaki Naval Training Center after the previous director, Nagai Naoyuki, moved to the new Tsukiji Naval Training Center in Edo. During this time, Kimura learned about the latest naval technology from Dutch instructors Pels Rijcken and Willem Huyssen van Kattendijke. With the closure of the Nagasaki training center in 1859, Kimura returned to Edo and was promoted to magistrate of warships (Japanese: 軍艦奉行, romanized: Gunkan-bugyō), often translated as "Admiral".
After the Harris Treaty of 1858, Japan was required to send ambassadors to the United States to ratify the treaty. These ambassadors travelled on the USS Powhatan, and this vessel was accompanied by the Japanese ship Kanrin Maru, purchased from the Dutch a few years previously, intended as a showcase of Japanese mastery of Western technology. Due to his experience with modern naval technology, Kimura was made commander of the mission, putting him in charge of organising the transport, and, if the ambassadors had been unable to make it to Washington, Kimura would have been deputised to complete the mission in their place.
As commander, Kimura was able to select some members of the mission, including Katsu Kaishū, former head instructor at the Nagasaki training center, who he appointed as captain of the Kanrin Maru; Nakahama "John" Manjiro, one of the few Japanese people to speak good English at the time, as translator and interpreter; and a young Fukuzawa Yukichi as an attendant. In addition, he persuaded the bakufu to allow American sailors on the ship as guides and technological advisors, lead by Lieutenant John Mercer Brooke.
The Kanrin Maru set sail from Uraga on February 9, 1860, and arrived in San Francisco 37 days later, well ahead of the Powhatan, as the other ship had made a stop in the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi. This meant that they were the first Japanese government representatives to set foot in the US, and as such were given a warm and elaborate welcome by the Americans, despite not being the official ambassadors. As the highest-ranking Japanese on the ship, Kimura represented the embassy at the functions, via Nakahama's English–Japanese interpretation. Kimura's insistence on proper etiquette regarding issues such as disembarkation and the order of toasts given at a reception were remarked on by the American press.
The official embassy arrived in San Francisco aboard the Powhatan on March 29, and were received with similar acclaim, but left for Washington D.C. on April 7. The Kanrin Maru was still undergoing repairs. Kimura had intended to remain in San Francisco until they heard news from Washington about the embassy, but the rudimentary transcontinental communication meant this was not forthcoming, so the Kanrin Maru set off back to Japan from San Francisco on May 8, and arrived in Uraga on June 24, having stopped in Hawaiʻi.
After returning to Japan, Kimura returned to his duties as magistrate of warships for the bakufu, pushing for modernising reforms to the structure of the Navy. Leading up to and during the Boshin War, Kimura held several different roles on the side of the bakufu, including Magistrate of Accounts (Japanese: 勘定奉行, romanized: Kanjō bugyō).
Despite having fought for the now-deposed bakufu, after the Meiji restoration Kimura was offered positions in the new government, but he refused them, retiring to a life of seclusion, writing essays and Classical Chinese poetry. He remained close with Fukuzawa Yukichi for the rest of his life, due to the latter's gratitude for Kimura giving him the opportunity of going to the US.
Kimura died on December 9, 1901, at the age of 71.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Kimura Kaishū (木村芥舟, 27 February 1830 – 9 December 1901), also known as Kimura Yoshitake (木村喜毅), was a Japanese admiral known for being the commander of the Japanese Embassy to the United States in 1860, Japan's first foreign embassy mission after the end of sakoku, sailing aboard the Kanrin Maru. He was also the governor of Settsu Province (Japanese: 摂津守, romanized: Settsu-no-kami), which covered parts of modern-day Osaka prefecture and Hyogo prefecture.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Kimura was born in 1830 with the name Kansuke (Japanese: 勘助) as the seventh generation of a Hatamoto family, part of the samurai class. In 1842, he was appointed as an apprentice to the Hama palace magistrate by Mizuno Tadakuni. Due to being favoured by the twelfth Tokugawa shogun, Tokugawa Ieyoshi, he rose through the ranks quickly, and in 1856 he was appointed to the kōbusho as inspector of the western wing (Japanese: 西の丸目付, romanized: nishi-no-maru metsuke), a position at Edo castle.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 1857 he was appointed as director of the Nagasaki Naval Training Center after the previous director, Nagai Naoyuki, moved to the new Tsukiji Naval Training Center in Edo. During this time, Kimura learned about the latest naval technology from Dutch instructors Pels Rijcken and Willem Huyssen van Kattendijke. With the closure of the Nagasaki training center in 1859, Kimura returned to Edo and was promoted to magistrate of warships (Japanese: 軍艦奉行, romanized: Gunkan-bugyō), often translated as \"Admiral\".",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "After the Harris Treaty of 1858, Japan was required to send ambassadors to the United States to ratify the treaty. These ambassadors travelled on the USS Powhatan, and this vessel was accompanied by the Japanese ship Kanrin Maru, purchased from the Dutch a few years previously, intended as a showcase of Japanese mastery of Western technology. Due to his experience with modern naval technology, Kimura was made commander of the mission, putting him in charge of organising the transport, and, if the ambassadors had been unable to make it to Washington, Kimura would have been deputised to complete the mission in their place.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "As commander, Kimura was able to select some members of the mission, including Katsu Kaishū, former head instructor at the Nagasaki training center, who he appointed as captain of the Kanrin Maru; Nakahama \"John\" Manjiro, one of the few Japanese people to speak good English at the time, as translator and interpreter; and a young Fukuzawa Yukichi as an attendant. In addition, he persuaded the bakufu to allow American sailors on the ship as guides and technological advisors, lead by Lieutenant John Mercer Brooke.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The Kanrin Maru set sail from Uraga on February 9, 1860, and arrived in San Francisco 37 days later, well ahead of the Powhatan, as the other ship had made a stop in the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi. This meant that they were the first Japanese government representatives to set foot in the US, and as such were given a warm and elaborate welcome by the Americans, despite not being the official ambassadors. As the highest-ranking Japanese on the ship, Kimura represented the embassy at the functions, via Nakahama's English–Japanese interpretation. Kimura's insistence on proper etiquette regarding issues such as disembarkation and the order of toasts given at a reception were remarked on by the American press.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The official embassy arrived in San Francisco aboard the Powhatan on March 29, and were received with similar acclaim, but left for Washington D.C. on April 7. The Kanrin Maru was still undergoing repairs. Kimura had intended to remain in San Francisco until they heard news from Washington about the embassy, but the rudimentary transcontinental communication meant this was not forthcoming, so the Kanrin Maru set off back to Japan from San Francisco on May 8, and arrived in Uraga on June 24, having stopped in Hawaiʻi.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "After returning to Japan, Kimura returned to his duties as magistrate of warships for the bakufu, pushing for modernising reforms to the structure of the Navy. Leading up to and during the Boshin War, Kimura held several different roles on the side of the bakufu, including Magistrate of Accounts (Japanese: 勘定奉行, romanized: Kanjō bugyō).",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Despite having fought for the now-deposed bakufu, after the Meiji restoration Kimura was offered positions in the new government, but he refused them, retiring to a life of seclusion, writing essays and Classical Chinese poetry. He remained close with Fukuzawa Yukichi for the rest of his life, due to the latter's gratitude for Kimura giving him the opportunity of going to the US.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Kimura died on December 9, 1901, at the age of 71.",
"title": "Biography"
}
] |
Kimura Kaishū, also known as Kimura Yoshitake (木村喜毅), was a Japanese admiral known for being the commander of the Japanese Embassy to the United States in 1860, Japan's first foreign embassy mission after the end of sakoku, sailing aboard the Kanrin Maru. He was also the governor of Settsu Province, which covered parts of modern-day Osaka prefecture and Hyogo prefecture.
|
2023-12-02T22:02:54Z
|
2023-12-04T14:21:25Z
|
[
"Template:Harv",
"Template:Cite journal",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox person",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Lang-ja",
"Template:Transliteration",
"Template:Main article",
"Template:Cite book",
"Template:Expand Japanese",
"Template:Family name hatnote",
"Template:Nihongo"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimura_Kaish%C5%AB
|
75,467,149 |
Dunning-Kruger Times
|
Dunning-Kruger Times is a satirical online newspaper. It is part of a network of websites run by America's Last Line of Defense, with a writer in the state of Maine, all of which state "nothing on this page is real". Stories published by Dunning-Kruger have been debunked by Snopes.com, USA Today, Reuters, the Associated Press, and by The Guardian and The Houston Chronicle debunking a story taken for a fact by the Texas governor, Greg Abbott, although it referenced a nonexistent Texas city "Hambriston".
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Dunning-Kruger Times is a satirical online newspaper. It is part of a network of websites run by America's Last Line of Defense, with a writer in the state of Maine, all of which state \"nothing on this page is real\". Stories published by Dunning-Kruger have been debunked by Snopes.com, USA Today, Reuters, the Associated Press, and by The Guardian and The Houston Chronicle debunking a story taken for a fact by the Texas governor, Greg Abbott, although it referenced a nonexistent Texas city \"Hambriston\".",
"title": ""
}
] |
Dunning-Kruger Times is a satirical online newspaper. It is part of a network of websites run by America's Last Line of Defense, with a writer in the state of Maine, all of which state "nothing on this page is real". Stories published by Dunning-Kruger have been debunked by Snopes.com, USA Today, Reuters, the Associated Press, and by The Guardian and The Houston Chronicle debunking a story taken for a fact by the Texas governor, Greg Abbott, although it referenced a nonexistent Texas city "Hambriston".
|
2023-12-02T22:04:15Z
|
2023-12-13T19:42:45Z
|
[
"Template:Italic title",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite news",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Official website"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning-Kruger_Times
|
75,467,159 |
Liebman's Deli
|
Liebman's Deli is a Jewish deli in Riverdale, New York and is the last-standing kosher deli in the Bronx. It was one of hundreds of kosher delis in the Bronx when it opened, but now is the sole representative of that cuisine in the borough. Liebman's was founded in 1953 by Joe Liebman and sold to Joseph Dekel in 1980. Yuval Dekel, his son, took over in 2002 when his father passed away. Dekel was previously a heavy metal drummer in a band, but now makes the pastrami and supervises the operation, along with his wife whom he met at the restaurant and now works there. The restaurant will open a location in Ardsley, New York. Liebman's is rated by Zagat and Michelin Guide. It was covered by Anthony Bourdain for Parts Unknown Liebman's is noted for their matzo ball soup and house-made pastrami, and Jewish delicacies such as stuffed derma, knishes, pickles, as well as kosher wine. It is frequented by Jewish New York Yankees player Harrison Bader who grew up in nearby Bronxville, New York.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Liebman's Deli is a Jewish deli in Riverdale, New York and is the last-standing kosher deli in the Bronx. It was one of hundreds of kosher delis in the Bronx when it opened, but now is the sole representative of that cuisine in the borough. Liebman's was founded in 1953 by Joe Liebman and sold to Joseph Dekel in 1980. Yuval Dekel, his son, took over in 2002 when his father passed away. Dekel was previously a heavy metal drummer in a band, but now makes the pastrami and supervises the operation, along with his wife whom he met at the restaurant and now works there. The restaurant will open a location in Ardsley, New York. Liebman's is rated by Zagat and Michelin Guide. It was covered by Anthony Bourdain for Parts Unknown Liebman's is noted for their matzo ball soup and house-made pastrami, and Jewish delicacies such as stuffed derma, knishes, pickles, as well as kosher wine. It is frequented by Jewish New York Yankees player Harrison Bader who grew up in nearby Bronxville, New York.",
"title": ""
}
] |
Liebman's Deli is a Jewish deli in Riverdale, New York and is the last-standing kosher deli in the Bronx. It was one of hundreds of kosher delis in the Bronx when it opened, but now is the sole representative of that cuisine in the borough. Liebman's was founded in 1953 by Joe Liebman and sold to Joseph Dekel in 1980. Yuval Dekel, his son, took over in 2002 when his father passed away. Dekel was previously a heavy metal drummer in a band, but now makes the pastrami and supervises the operation, along with his wife whom he met at the restaurant and now works there. The restaurant will open a location in Ardsley, New York. Liebman's is rated by Zagat and Michelin Guide. It was covered by Anthony Bourdain for Parts Unknown Liebman's is noted for their matzo ball soup and house-made pastrami, and Jewish delicacies such as stuffed derma, knishes, pickles, as well as kosher wine. It is frequented by Jewish New York Yankees player Harrison Bader who grew up in nearby Bronxville, New York.
|
2023-12-02T22:06:00Z
|
2023-12-14T13:56:29Z
|
[
"Template:Cite news",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox Restaurant",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite book"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liebman%27s_Deli
|
75,467,171 |
Ruler (gamer)
|
Park Jae-hyuk (Korean: 박재혁; born December 29, 1998), better known as Ruler, is a South Korean professional League of Legends player for JD Gaming. Throughout his career, he has won one League of Legends Champions Korea (LCK) title, two League of Legends Pro League (LPL) titles, one Mid-Season Invitational (MSI) title, and one World Championship title.
His career began in 2016 when he joined LCK Challengers League team Stardust. Later that year, he joined Samsung Galaxy of the LCK. He reached the 2016 League of Legends World Championship Final in his rookie season, and the following year, he won the 2017 World Championship. Ruler was picked up by KSV Esports, which was later rebranded to Gen.G, for the 2018 LCK season. From 2018 to 2022, he won one LCK title, in 2022 and made four World Championship appearances. He left the LCK to join LPL team JD Gaming for the 2023 season. In his first year, he won back-to-back LPL titles, won the 2023 Mid-Season Invitational, and made another Worlds appearance. He also represented the South Korean national team at the 2018 Asian Games, earning a silver medal, and the 2022 Asian Games, earning a gold.
Ruler's individual accomplishments include accolades such as a World Championship Most Valuable Player (MVP) award, an LCK season MVP award, three LCK First All-Pro Team designations, an LPL Finals MVP award, and two LPL First All-Pro Team designations. He also became the 11th player in the LCK to reach 1,000 kills, and the third to reach 2,000.
Ruler began his playing career in 2016 when he joined Stardust of Challengers Korea, a developmental league for the League of Legends Champions Korea (LCK).
Ruler was signed by Samsung Galaxy (SSG) for the 2016 LCK Summer Split. SSG finished the split in fourth place in the standings. In the first round of the playoffs, SSG defeated Afreeca Freecs. Their opponents in the next round was KT Rolster, whom they lost to 0 games to 3, ending their playoff run. Accumulating 50 championship points, SSG entered the LCK regional qualifier for the 2016 World Championship. They secured the third LCK seed for Worlds by defeating KT Rolster in the finals. After advancing as the top seed from their group, SSG swept both Cloud9 and H2k-Gaming in the playoffs, earning a spot in the final against SK Telecom T1 (SKT). In the best-of five series, SKT won the first two games. After 25 minutes into in game three, SSG was losing 0–7, but four minutes later, SSG won a 3–0 fight due in part to Ruler's high damage output. Samsung went on to win the game 19–17 after 71 minutes. Following a win in game four, the match went to a decisive fifth game. Eight minutes in, Ruler killed SKT's Bae "Benji" Sung-woong after a bad invade. However, SSG ultimately lost the game 8–13, finishing Worlds in second place.
After securing third- and fourth-place finishes in the 2017 LCK Spring and Summer splits, respectively, SSG qualified for the 2017 League of Legends World Championship. In the World Championship group stage, Samsung finished with a 4–2 record, with both losses coming from Royal Never Give Up. Progressing to the knockouts, they defeated Longzhu Gaming and Team WE in the quarterfinals and semifinals, respectively, SSG advance to the World Championship finals, where they once again faced SK Telecom T1. In game one of the final, Ruler played Xayah and had no deaths and 100% kill participation, contributing two kills and five assists. This trend continued in the second game, playing as Xayah, he maintained zero deaths, four kills, and five assists. Switching to Varus in the third game, a pivotal moment occurred at the 39-minute mark, when Ruler used a move called Flash, propelling himself toward SKT mid laner Lee "Faker" Sang-hyeok, creating a chaotic situation. However, SKT's players were positioned in a way that created a brief opening, and Ruler took advantage of the opportunity and killed Faker. Although this left Ruler exposed to attack, Jo "CoreJJ" Yong-in used all of his abilities to keep Ruler alive, and with a miscalculated attack by SKT's Kang "Blank" Sun-gu, Ruler survived. While falling just short of 100% kill participation in the third game, Ruler concluded with four kills, two deaths, and 11 assists. With a 3-game-to-0 series victory, Ruler won his first World Championship. Throughout the series, Ruler adeptly managed minion waves, secured kills, and contributed to tower takedowns. Despite occasional mistakes, Ruler's team collaborated effectively to rectify them, and Ruler earned the MVP title for the series.
In November 2017, KSV Esports, later rebranded as Gen.G in May 2018, acquired the roster of Samsung Galaxy. The team finished with a 9–9 record, securing qualification for the 2018 LCK Spring playoffs. However, they faced an early exit in the first round, losing to SK Telecom T1. In the subsequent summer split, Gen.G finished with a 13–5 record, earning another playoff berth. Their first playoff opponent was Afreeca Freecs, and despite their efforts, Gen.G faced a 0–2 defeat, with Afreeca effectively limiting Ruler's production throughout the match. Following a victory against Kingzone DragonX in the 2018 LCK regional qualifier finals, Ruler and the team qualified for the 2018 World Championship. However, they were unable to advance beyond the group stage, marking the end of their journey in the tournament. However, the team was eliminated in the group stage.
Gen.G struggled throughout the 2019 LCK season. They finished the spring split in seventh place with a 5–13 record, followed by a sixth-place finish in the summer with a 10–8 record. They failed to reach the playoffs in either split. In a 2022 interview, Ruler expressed that the 2019 season marked the most challenging period in his career as a player. During this time, he contemplated the possibility of retirement.
Following a challenging year, Gen.G made significant changes by releasing eight of their ten players. However, they retained Ruler, signing him to a three-year contract extension on September 22, 2019. The team built their 2020 roster around Ruler, who played a pivotal role in attracting top free agent Kim "Clid" Tae-min to join the team in the offseason. On April 1, 2020, during a match against T1, Ruler achieved a milestone by becoming the 11th player in LCK history to secure 1,000 kills. Gen.G performed well in the regular season, finishing atop the standings with a 14–4 record and advancing directly to the 2020 LCK Spring Finals. Despite a strong regular season, Gen.G faced T1 in the final but lost by a score of 0–3. In the summer split, Gen.G maintained their momentum with another 14–4 record, securing a third-place standing. Ruler's performance throughout the season earned him a spot on the 2020 Summer LCK First All-Pro team. During the playoffs, the team reached the semifinals but were defeated by DRX. To qualify for the 2020 World Championship, Gen.G competed in the LCK regional qualifiers, making it to the final against T1. Ruler's contributions, including playing as Senna in the first match and Ezreal in the second with a quadra-kill late in the game, helped secure victories. Gen.G went on to win the third match and clinched the third LCK seed for the World Championship. The team advanced past the group stage of the event and faced G2 Esports in the quarterfinals. After losing the first game, Gen.G got off to a quick start in game two, with Ruler getting a double kill right after Martin "Wunder" Nordahl Hansen claimed first blood. However, G2 quickly took over and won the game. The team showed signs of life in game three, with Ruler visibly trying to bring the match to a fourth game. However, G2 won the game and the match, ending Gen.G's run.
In the 2021 LCK Spring Split regular season, Gen.G secured a second-place finish with a 13–5 record. Ruler was named to the 2021 Spring LCK First All-Pro team, leading all bot laners in damage per minute, KDA, and gold per minute. Additionally, he led in damage share, with an average contribution of 31.3% to Gen.G's overall damage per game. Despite their impressive regular-season performance, Gen.G fell short in the playoff final, losing to DWG KIA. In the subsequent summer split, Gen.G continued their solid performance, finishing in second place with a 12–6 record. While they lost to T1 in the playoff semifinals, the team had already secured qualification for the 2021 World Championship, marking Ruler's fifth appearance. While the team successfully advanced out of the group stage and into the knockouts, Gen.G fell to EDward Gaming in the semifinals.
In the 2022 LCK Spring Split, Gen.G finished with a 15–3 record. They reached the 2022 LCK Spring Finals but were defeated by T1 with a score of 1–3. In July 2022, during a match against Liiv Sandbox in the 2022 Summer Split, Ruler achieved his 2,000th kill in the LCK, becoming the third player in LCK history to reach this milestone, behind Lee "Faker" Sang-hyeok and Kim "Deft" Hyuk-kyu. During the 2022 LCK Summer Split, Gen.G performed well with a 17–1 record, becoming the third team in LCK history to win 17 or more matches in a single split. Moreover, the team had an 87.5% game record record — the highest percentage in LCK history. Ruler was named the MVP of the 2022 LCK Summer Split, earning 21 of the 40 first-place votes cast by LCK commentators, players, coaches, and affiliated media members. He had the highest KDA among all LCK players at 7.6 and tied Liiv Sandbox's Lee "Prince" Chae-hwan for the most kills at 213. He was also tied with Prince for the most "Player of the Game" awards. Ruler, along with three of his teammates, earned a spot on the 2022 Summer LCK All-Pro First Team. Gen.G secured a spot in the 2022 LCK Summer Finals, where they faced T1 on August 28. In the first game, Ruler had 16 kills, contributing to Gen.G's victory with a final kill score of 19 to 6. The team went on to win the series 3–0, granting Ruler his first LCK title and securing Gen.G the top LCK seed in the 2022 World Championship. In the World Championship, Gen.G advanced past the group stage and faced DWG KIA in the knockout quarterfinals. Gen.G won the first two games of the match, but DWG came back to win the following two, bringing the match to a decisive fifth game. Late into game five, the game was tied. In the final teamfight, Ruler secured a game-winning quadra-kill, pushing Gen.G to the win and advancing them to the semifinals. They faced DRX in the semifinals, a team they had not lost to all year. However, DRX won the match, 3 games to 1, ending Gen.G's Worlds run.
On November 10, 2022, Ruler mutually parted ways with Gen.G. Following his departure, Gen.G retired Ruler's uniform number 1.
Ruler joined JD Gaming (JDG) of the Chinese League of Legends Pro League (LPL) for the 2023 season. In his debut LPL match on January 14, 2023, against Bilibili Gaming, Ruler achieved a pentakill, marking his seventh in his career. The play involved Ruler initiating the skirmish by eliminating top laner Bin. Subsequently, he cornered the support player, ON, near his team's inhibitor, securing the fifth kill for the pentakill. ON conceded to Ruler in a gesture of sportsmanship. Ruler's performance throughout the regular season earned him a spot on the 2023 Spring LPL First All-Pro Team. In the playoffs, JDG reached the 2023 LPL Spring Split Final, where they faced Bilibili Gaming. JDG won the match, 3 games to 0, earning Ruler his first LPL title. Throughout the series, Ruler contributed with 19 kills, 4 deaths, and 26 assists, and was named the MVP of the finals. In the 2023 Mid-Season Invitational, JDG won their upper bracket quarterfinals against Bilibili Gaming on May 14. Ruler played a pivotal role, securing 10 kills in game one and 15 kills in game three, contributing to JDG's 3–0 victory. The team continued their success by defeating T1 in the upper bracket semifinals with a 3–2 score. Ruler finished the match with 28 kills and 17 assists. JDG went on to win the 2023 MSI Final against BiliBili, securing Ruler his first MSI title. At the end of the 2023 LPL Summer Split regular season, Ruler earned a spot on the 2023 Summer LPL First All-Pro Team. In the playoffs, JDG secured a 3–2 victory over LNG Esports in the 2023 LPL Summer Finals, achieving back-to-back LPL titles. With this win, JDG qualified as the top seed LPL representative in the 2023 World Championship. Having won both LPL titles, the MSI, and the 2023 Asian Games, Ruler and teammate Seo "Kanavi" Jin-hyeok had the opportunity to become the first players in history to win every event they had attended in a calendar year, should they win the 2023 World Championship. However, JDG were eliminated in the Worlds semifinals by T1, losing by a score of 1–3.
In November 2023, JDG re-signed Ruler on a two-year contract.
Ruler represented South Korea in the League of Legends demonstration event at the 2018 Asian Games. Held at the BritAma Arena at Mahaka Square in Jakarta, Indonesia, from August 27 to 29, 2018, the South Korean team secured a silver medal following a 1–3 loss to China in the finals.
Ruler once again represented South Korea in the 2022 Asian Games one of the six members in the League of Legends division of the South Korea national esports team. Ruler clinched a gold medal as South Korea emerged victorious against Saudi Arabia, China, and Chinese Taipei in the quarterfinals, semifinals, and finals, respectively. With the gold medal, Ruler received an exemption from mandatory military service.
Upon joining the LCK in 2016, Ruler faced criticism for his limited champion pool. While he excelled on his signature picks, such as Varus, Jhin and Ezreal, traditional AD carry champions, he appeared to struggle when stepping outside of his comfort zone. In 2018, ESPN highlighted his willingness to learn, citing facing Uzi as key moments in his career.
Over the course of his career, Ruler evolved into a player recognized for his prowess on late-game scaling carry champions, including Aphelios, Jhin, and Jinx. His playstyle centered around prioritizing farm and reaching the late game, where he emerged as the linchpin of Gen.G's damage output in crucial victories. Despite being a prime target for opponents, Ruler showcased exceptional ability in handling dives and gained a reputation for turning teamfights in his team's favor, even when at a deficit. In situations where other ADC players might struggle, Ruler consistently delivered significant damage. Rather than focusing on winning the lane, he prioritized maximizing farm to carry games in the late stages. Ruler's strength lay in his capacity to impact teamfights from a distance, providing him an advantage over most ADCs who adopt a more upfront approach. While occasionally labeled as selfish due to his late-game focus, Ruler's predictable yet effective strategy was a key component of his success.
Ruler was born on December 12, 1998. Initially opposed to Ruler pursuing a career in professional gaming, his father, Park Won-hee, was concerned about Ruler's ability to plan for his future, including a college education. However, he eventually came around and supported Ruler's chosen career path.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Park Jae-hyuk (Korean: 박재혁; born December 29, 1998), better known as Ruler, is a South Korean professional League of Legends player for JD Gaming. Throughout his career, he has won one League of Legends Champions Korea (LCK) title, two League of Legends Pro League (LPL) titles, one Mid-Season Invitational (MSI) title, and one World Championship title.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "His career began in 2016 when he joined LCK Challengers League team Stardust. Later that year, he joined Samsung Galaxy of the LCK. He reached the 2016 League of Legends World Championship Final in his rookie season, and the following year, he won the 2017 World Championship. Ruler was picked up by KSV Esports, which was later rebranded to Gen.G, for the 2018 LCK season. From 2018 to 2022, he won one LCK title, in 2022 and made four World Championship appearances. He left the LCK to join LPL team JD Gaming for the 2023 season. In his first year, he won back-to-back LPL titles, won the 2023 Mid-Season Invitational, and made another Worlds appearance. He also represented the South Korean national team at the 2018 Asian Games, earning a silver medal, and the 2022 Asian Games, earning a gold.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Ruler's individual accomplishments include accolades such as a World Championship Most Valuable Player (MVP) award, an LCK season MVP award, three LCK First All-Pro Team designations, an LPL Finals MVP award, and two LPL First All-Pro Team designations. He also became the 11th player in the LCK to reach 1,000 kills, and the third to reach 2,000.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Ruler began his playing career in 2016 when he joined Stardust of Challengers Korea, a developmental league for the League of Legends Champions Korea (LCK).",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Ruler was signed by Samsung Galaxy (SSG) for the 2016 LCK Summer Split. SSG finished the split in fourth place in the standings. In the first round of the playoffs, SSG defeated Afreeca Freecs. Their opponents in the next round was KT Rolster, whom they lost to 0 games to 3, ending their playoff run. Accumulating 50 championship points, SSG entered the LCK regional qualifier for the 2016 World Championship. They secured the third LCK seed for Worlds by defeating KT Rolster in the finals. After advancing as the top seed from their group, SSG swept both Cloud9 and H2k-Gaming in the playoffs, earning a spot in the final against SK Telecom T1 (SKT). In the best-of five series, SKT won the first two games. After 25 minutes into in game three, SSG was losing 0–7, but four minutes later, SSG won a 3–0 fight due in part to Ruler's high damage output. Samsung went on to win the game 19–17 after 71 minutes. Following a win in game four, the match went to a decisive fifth game. Eight minutes in, Ruler killed SKT's Bae \"Benji\" Sung-woong after a bad invade. However, SSG ultimately lost the game 8–13, finishing Worlds in second place.",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "After securing third- and fourth-place finishes in the 2017 LCK Spring and Summer splits, respectively, SSG qualified for the 2017 League of Legends World Championship. In the World Championship group stage, Samsung finished with a 4–2 record, with both losses coming from Royal Never Give Up. Progressing to the knockouts, they defeated Longzhu Gaming and Team WE in the quarterfinals and semifinals, respectively, SSG advance to the World Championship finals, where they once again faced SK Telecom T1. In game one of the final, Ruler played Xayah and had no deaths and 100% kill participation, contributing two kills and five assists. This trend continued in the second game, playing as Xayah, he maintained zero deaths, four kills, and five assists. Switching to Varus in the third game, a pivotal moment occurred at the 39-minute mark, when Ruler used a move called Flash, propelling himself toward SKT mid laner Lee \"Faker\" Sang-hyeok, creating a chaotic situation. However, SKT's players were positioned in a way that created a brief opening, and Ruler took advantage of the opportunity and killed Faker. Although this left Ruler exposed to attack, Jo \"CoreJJ\" Yong-in used all of his abilities to keep Ruler alive, and with a miscalculated attack by SKT's Kang \"Blank\" Sun-gu, Ruler survived. While falling just short of 100% kill participation in the third game, Ruler concluded with four kills, two deaths, and 11 assists. With a 3-game-to-0 series victory, Ruler won his first World Championship. Throughout the series, Ruler adeptly managed minion waves, secured kills, and contributed to tower takedowns. Despite occasional mistakes, Ruler's team collaborated effectively to rectify them, and Ruler earned the MVP title for the series.",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "In November 2017, KSV Esports, later rebranded as Gen.G in May 2018, acquired the roster of Samsung Galaxy. The team finished with a 9–9 record, securing qualification for the 2018 LCK Spring playoffs. However, they faced an early exit in the first round, losing to SK Telecom T1. In the subsequent summer split, Gen.G finished with a 13–5 record, earning another playoff berth. Their first playoff opponent was Afreeca Freecs, and despite their efforts, Gen.G faced a 0–2 defeat, with Afreeca effectively limiting Ruler's production throughout the match. Following a victory against Kingzone DragonX in the 2018 LCK regional qualifier finals, Ruler and the team qualified for the 2018 World Championship. However, they were unable to advance beyond the group stage, marking the end of their journey in the tournament. However, the team was eliminated in the group stage.",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Gen.G struggled throughout the 2019 LCK season. They finished the spring split in seventh place with a 5–13 record, followed by a sixth-place finish in the summer with a 10–8 record. They failed to reach the playoffs in either split. In a 2022 interview, Ruler expressed that the 2019 season marked the most challenging period in his career as a player. During this time, he contemplated the possibility of retirement.",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Following a challenging year, Gen.G made significant changes by releasing eight of their ten players. However, they retained Ruler, signing him to a three-year contract extension on September 22, 2019. The team built their 2020 roster around Ruler, who played a pivotal role in attracting top free agent Kim \"Clid\" Tae-min to join the team in the offseason. On April 1, 2020, during a match against T1, Ruler achieved a milestone by becoming the 11th player in LCK history to secure 1,000 kills. Gen.G performed well in the regular season, finishing atop the standings with a 14–4 record and advancing directly to the 2020 LCK Spring Finals. Despite a strong regular season, Gen.G faced T1 in the final but lost by a score of 0–3. In the summer split, Gen.G maintained their momentum with another 14–4 record, securing a third-place standing. Ruler's performance throughout the season earned him a spot on the 2020 Summer LCK First All-Pro team. During the playoffs, the team reached the semifinals but were defeated by DRX. To qualify for the 2020 World Championship, Gen.G competed in the LCK regional qualifiers, making it to the final against T1. Ruler's contributions, including playing as Senna in the first match and Ezreal in the second with a quadra-kill late in the game, helped secure victories. Gen.G went on to win the third match and clinched the third LCK seed for the World Championship. The team advanced past the group stage of the event and faced G2 Esports in the quarterfinals. After losing the first game, Gen.G got off to a quick start in game two, with Ruler getting a double kill right after Martin \"Wunder\" Nordahl Hansen claimed first blood. However, G2 quickly took over and won the game. The team showed signs of life in game three, with Ruler visibly trying to bring the match to a fourth game. However, G2 won the game and the match, ending Gen.G's run.",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "In the 2021 LCK Spring Split regular season, Gen.G secured a second-place finish with a 13–5 record. Ruler was named to the 2021 Spring LCK First All-Pro team, leading all bot laners in damage per minute, KDA, and gold per minute. Additionally, he led in damage share, with an average contribution of 31.3% to Gen.G's overall damage per game. Despite their impressive regular-season performance, Gen.G fell short in the playoff final, losing to DWG KIA. In the subsequent summer split, Gen.G continued their solid performance, finishing in second place with a 12–6 record. While they lost to T1 in the playoff semifinals, the team had already secured qualification for the 2021 World Championship, marking Ruler's fifth appearance. While the team successfully advanced out of the group stage and into the knockouts, Gen.G fell to EDward Gaming in the semifinals.",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "In the 2022 LCK Spring Split, Gen.G finished with a 15–3 record. They reached the 2022 LCK Spring Finals but were defeated by T1 with a score of 1–3. In July 2022, during a match against Liiv Sandbox in the 2022 Summer Split, Ruler achieved his 2,000th kill in the LCK, becoming the third player in LCK history to reach this milestone, behind Lee \"Faker\" Sang-hyeok and Kim \"Deft\" Hyuk-kyu. During the 2022 LCK Summer Split, Gen.G performed well with a 17–1 record, becoming the third team in LCK history to win 17 or more matches in a single split. Moreover, the team had an 87.5% game record record — the highest percentage in LCK history. Ruler was named the MVP of the 2022 LCK Summer Split, earning 21 of the 40 first-place votes cast by LCK commentators, players, coaches, and affiliated media members. He had the highest KDA among all LCK players at 7.6 and tied Liiv Sandbox's Lee \"Prince\" Chae-hwan for the most kills at 213. He was also tied with Prince for the most \"Player of the Game\" awards. Ruler, along with three of his teammates, earned a spot on the 2022 Summer LCK All-Pro First Team. Gen.G secured a spot in the 2022 LCK Summer Finals, where they faced T1 on August 28. In the first game, Ruler had 16 kills, contributing to Gen.G's victory with a final kill score of 19 to 6. The team went on to win the series 3–0, granting Ruler his first LCK title and securing Gen.G the top LCK seed in the 2022 World Championship. In the World Championship, Gen.G advanced past the group stage and faced DWG KIA in the knockout quarterfinals. Gen.G won the first two games of the match, but DWG came back to win the following two, bringing the match to a decisive fifth game. Late into game five, the game was tied. In the final teamfight, Ruler secured a game-winning quadra-kill, pushing Gen.G to the win and advancing them to the semifinals. They faced DRX in the semifinals, a team they had not lost to all year. However, DRX won the match, 3 games to 1, ending Gen.G's Worlds run.",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "On November 10, 2022, Ruler mutually parted ways with Gen.G. Following his departure, Gen.G retired Ruler's uniform number 1.",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "Ruler joined JD Gaming (JDG) of the Chinese League of Legends Pro League (LPL) for the 2023 season. In his debut LPL match on January 14, 2023, against Bilibili Gaming, Ruler achieved a pentakill, marking his seventh in his career. The play involved Ruler initiating the skirmish by eliminating top laner Bin. Subsequently, he cornered the support player, ON, near his team's inhibitor, securing the fifth kill for the pentakill. ON conceded to Ruler in a gesture of sportsmanship. Ruler's performance throughout the regular season earned him a spot on the 2023 Spring LPL First All-Pro Team. In the playoffs, JDG reached the 2023 LPL Spring Split Final, where they faced Bilibili Gaming. JDG won the match, 3 games to 0, earning Ruler his first LPL title. Throughout the series, Ruler contributed with 19 kills, 4 deaths, and 26 assists, and was named the MVP of the finals. In the 2023 Mid-Season Invitational, JDG won their upper bracket quarterfinals against Bilibili Gaming on May 14. Ruler played a pivotal role, securing 10 kills in game one and 15 kills in game three, contributing to JDG's 3–0 victory. The team continued their success by defeating T1 in the upper bracket semifinals with a 3–2 score. Ruler finished the match with 28 kills and 17 assists. JDG went on to win the 2023 MSI Final against BiliBili, securing Ruler his first MSI title. At the end of the 2023 LPL Summer Split regular season, Ruler earned a spot on the 2023 Summer LPL First All-Pro Team. In the playoffs, JDG secured a 3–2 victory over LNG Esports in the 2023 LPL Summer Finals, achieving back-to-back LPL titles. With this win, JDG qualified as the top seed LPL representative in the 2023 World Championship. Having won both LPL titles, the MSI, and the 2023 Asian Games, Ruler and teammate Seo \"Kanavi\" Jin-hyeok had the opportunity to become the first players in history to win every event they had attended in a calendar year, should they win the 2023 World Championship. However, JDG were eliminated in the Worlds semifinals by T1, losing by a score of 1–3.",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "In November 2023, JDG re-signed Ruler on a two-year contract.",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "Ruler represented South Korea in the League of Legends demonstration event at the 2018 Asian Games. Held at the BritAma Arena at Mahaka Square in Jakarta, Indonesia, from August 27 to 29, 2018, the South Korean team secured a silver medal following a 1–3 loss to China in the finals.",
"title": "National team career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "Ruler once again represented South Korea in the 2022 Asian Games one of the six members in the League of Legends division of the South Korea national esports team. Ruler clinched a gold medal as South Korea emerged victorious against Saudi Arabia, China, and Chinese Taipei in the quarterfinals, semifinals, and finals, respectively. With the gold medal, Ruler received an exemption from mandatory military service.",
"title": "National team career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "Upon joining the LCK in 2016, Ruler faced criticism for his limited champion pool. While he excelled on his signature picks, such as Varus, Jhin and Ezreal, traditional AD carry champions, he appeared to struggle when stepping outside of his comfort zone. In 2018, ESPN highlighted his willingness to learn, citing facing Uzi as key moments in his career.",
"title": "Player profile"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "Over the course of his career, Ruler evolved into a player recognized for his prowess on late-game scaling carry champions, including Aphelios, Jhin, and Jinx. His playstyle centered around prioritizing farm and reaching the late game, where he emerged as the linchpin of Gen.G's damage output in crucial victories. Despite being a prime target for opponents, Ruler showcased exceptional ability in handling dives and gained a reputation for turning teamfights in his team's favor, even when at a deficit. In situations where other ADC players might struggle, Ruler consistently delivered significant damage. Rather than focusing on winning the lane, he prioritized maximizing farm to carry games in the late stages. Ruler's strength lay in his capacity to impact teamfights from a distance, providing him an advantage over most ADCs who adopt a more upfront approach. While occasionally labeled as selfish due to his late-game focus, Ruler's predictable yet effective strategy was a key component of his success.",
"title": "Player profile"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 18,
"text": "Ruler was born on December 12, 1998. Initially opposed to Ruler pursuing a career in professional gaming, his father, Park Won-hee, was concerned about Ruler's ability to plan for his future, including a college education. However, he eventually came around and supported Ruler's chosen career path.",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] |
Park Jae-hyuk, better known as Ruler, is a South Korean professional League of Legends player for JD Gaming. Throughout his career, he has won one League of Legends Champions Korea (LCK) title, two League of Legends Pro League (LPL) titles, one Mid-Season Invitational (MSI) title, and one World Championship title. His career began in 2016 when he joined LCK Challengers League team Stardust. Later that year, he joined Samsung Galaxy of the LCK. He reached the 2016 League of Legends World Championship Final in his rookie season, and the following year, he won the 2017 World Championship. Ruler was picked up by KSV Esports, which was later rebranded to Gen.G, for the 2018 LCK season. From 2018 to 2022, he won one LCK title, in 2022 and made four World Championship appearances. He left the LCK to join LPL team JD Gaming for the 2023 season. In his first year, he won back-to-back LPL titles, won the 2023 Mid-Season Invitational, and made another Worlds appearance. He also represented the South Korean national team at the 2018 Asian Games, earning a silver medal, and the 2022 Asian Games, earning a gold. Ruler's individual accomplishments include accolades such as a World Championship Most Valuable Player (MVP) award, an LCK season MVP award, three LCK First All-Pro Team designations, an LPL Finals MVP award, and two LPL First All-Pro Team designations. He also became the 11th player in the LCK to reach 1,000 kills, and the third to reach 2,000.
|
2023-12-02T22:09:08Z
|
2023-12-17T19:27:38Z
|
[
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"Template:League of Legends Champions Korea 1000 Kills Players",
"Template:League of Legends Champions Korea 2000 Kills Players"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruler_(gamer)
|
75,467,208 |
2023 Open Angers Arena Loire – Singles
|
Alycia Parks was the reigning champion, but did not participate this year.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Alycia Parks was the reigning champion, but did not participate this year.",
"title": ""
}
] |
Alycia Parks was the reigning champion, but did not participate this year.
|
2023-12-02T22:15:15Z
|
2023-12-10T16:51:21Z
|
[
"Template:Main",
"Template:16TeamBracket-Compact-Tennis3-Byes",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:2TeamBracket",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:2023 WTA 125 tournaments",
"Template:Tennis events",
"Template:Columns-list",
"Template:Draw key",
"Template:4TeamBracket-Tennis3"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Open_Angers_Arena_Loire_%E2%80%93_Singles
|
75,467,217 |
Lee Sandlin
|
Lee Sandlin (August 15, 1956 – December 14, 2014) was an American Chicago-based journalist and essayist. Primarily associated with the Chicago Reader, Sandlin also contributed book reviews to the Wall Street Journal, reviewing books dealing with, among others, Thomas De Quincey, Robert Heinlein, Pauline Kael, and World War II-era novelist James Jones.
Sandlin was born in Wildwood, Illinois, and grew up in the Chicago suburbs of Evanston and Winnetka. His father, a Korean War Air Force pilot, was involved in the construction of new subdivisions, which he later wrote about in his essay “The American Scheme.” He attended New Trier High School and then briefly the University of Chicago and Roosevelt University before leaving school to hitch-hike around the country. After settling in Chicago he worked for several years at Booksellers Row, a used-book store, before turning to writing full-time.
He wrote primarily for the Chicago Reader, where he was for many years the TV critic, writing reviews also on opera and classical music. He was known for a breadth of interests and is best remembered for his longer historical essays.
His essay “Losing the War” appeared in 1997. Subtitled "World War II has faded into movies, anecdotes, and archives that nobody cares about anymore. Are we finally losing the war?" it has been assigned on university course syllabuses quoted in online discussions of World War II and other wars, memory, sports, project management, and manliness. In 2001, a segment was adapted for broadcast by the public radio show This American Life and later anthologized by its host, Ira Glass in a 2007 collection, The New Kings of Nonfiction.
Sandlin's memoir, The Distancers, appeared in the Chicago Reader as a 12-part serial in the spring and summer of 2004. It chronicled the American Midwest of several generations through the family history of the aunts and uncles with whom Lee spent summers as a boy in a small house in Edwardsville, Illinois.
“Wicked River,” a narrative history of the Mississippi River in the 19th century, was published in 2010 by Pantheon Books. Garrison Keillor called it “A gripping book that plunges you into a rich dark stretch of visceral history. I read it in two sittings and got up shaken.” Its account of the civilian experience of the Siege of Vicksburg was adapted as an article in the quarterly Journal of Military History.
Sandlin was working on another book when he died suddenly at his home in 2014.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Lee Sandlin (August 15, 1956 – December 14, 2014) was an American Chicago-based journalist and essayist. Primarily associated with the Chicago Reader, Sandlin also contributed book reviews to the Wall Street Journal, reviewing books dealing with, among others, Thomas De Quincey, Robert Heinlein, Pauline Kael, and World War II-era novelist James Jones.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Sandlin was born in Wildwood, Illinois, and grew up in the Chicago suburbs of Evanston and Winnetka. His father, a Korean War Air Force pilot, was involved in the construction of new subdivisions, which he later wrote about in his essay “The American Scheme.” He attended New Trier High School and then briefly the University of Chicago and Roosevelt University before leaving school to hitch-hike around the country. After settling in Chicago he worked for several years at Booksellers Row, a used-book store, before turning to writing full-time.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "He wrote primarily for the Chicago Reader, where he was for many years the TV critic, writing reviews also on opera and classical music. He was known for a breadth of interests and is best remembered for his longer historical essays.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "His essay “Losing the War” appeared in 1997. Subtitled \"World War II has faded into movies, anecdotes, and archives that nobody cares about anymore. Are we finally losing the war?\" it has been assigned on university course syllabuses quoted in online discussions of World War II and other wars, memory, sports, project management, and manliness. In 2001, a segment was adapted for broadcast by the public radio show This American Life and later anthologized by its host, Ira Glass in a 2007 collection, The New Kings of Nonfiction.",
"title": "Notable Essays"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Sandlin's memoir, The Distancers, appeared in the Chicago Reader as a 12-part serial in the spring and summer of 2004. It chronicled the American Midwest of several generations through the family history of the aunts and uncles with whom Lee spent summers as a boy in a small house in Edwardsville, Illinois.",
"title": "Notable Essays"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "“Wicked River,” a narrative history of the Mississippi River in the 19th century, was published in 2010 by Pantheon Books. Garrison Keillor called it “A gripping book that plunges you into a rich dark stretch of visceral history. I read it in two sittings and got up shaken.” Its account of the civilian experience of the Siege of Vicksburg was adapted as an article in the quarterly Journal of Military History.",
"title": "Notable Essays"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Sandlin was working on another book when he died suddenly at his home in 2014.",
"title": "Personal Life and Death"
}
] |
Lee Sandlin was an American Chicago-based journalist and essayist. Primarily associated with the Chicago Reader, Sandlin also contributed book reviews to the Wall Street Journal, reviewing books dealing with, among others, Thomas De Quincey, Robert Heinlein, Pauline Kael, and World War II-era novelist James Jones.
|
2023-12-02T22:17:04Z
|
2023-12-18T00:57:23Z
|
[
"Template:Cite news",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite book",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Use mdy dates",
"Template:Infobox writer",
"Template:Reflist"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee_Sandlin
|
75,467,245 |
Charles Bathurst (disambiguation)
|
Charles Bathurst (1754–1831) was a British Member of Parliament in the early 19th-century.
Charles Bathurst may also refer to:
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Charles Bathurst (1754–1831) was a British Member of Parliament in the early 19th-century.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Charles Bathurst may also refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] |
Charles Bathurst (1754–1831) was a British Member of Parliament in the early 19th-century. Charles Bathurst may also refer to: Charles Bathurst, 1st Viscount Bledisloe (1867–1958), British politician and Governor-General of New Zealand
Charles Bathurst, 18th-century British politician
|
2023-12-02T22:22:29Z
|
2023-12-02T22:22:29Z
|
[
"Template:Hndis"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Bathurst_(disambiguation)
|
75,467,264 |
Purple capitalism
|
Purple capitalism or feminist capitalism is a term used to describe, from a critical perspective, the incorporation of some principles of the feminist movement into capitalism and the market economy.
Critiques are based, on the one hand, on the argument that the integration of women into the labor market has not led to a paradigm shift in the socio-economic model towards a more horizontal and egalitarian one, where wage gaps persist, and care work has not been evenly distributed, remaining predominantly shouldered by women.
On the other hand, there is also scrutiny regarding how feminism is instrumentalized to sell products (such as music or clothing), losing its political significance and becoming merely a trend that does not question the production conditions of these products and excludes the majority of the world's population.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Purple capitalism or feminist capitalism is a term used to describe, from a critical perspective, the incorporation of some principles of the feminist movement into capitalism and the market economy.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Critiques are based, on the one hand, on the argument that the integration of women into the labor market has not led to a paradigm shift in the socio-economic model towards a more horizontal and egalitarian one, where wage gaps persist, and care work has not been evenly distributed, remaining predominantly shouldered by women.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "On the other hand, there is also scrutiny regarding how feminism is instrumentalized to sell products (such as music or clothing), losing its political significance and becoming merely a trend that does not question the production conditions of these products and excludes the majority of the world's population.",
"title": ""
}
] |
Purple capitalism or feminist capitalism is a term used to describe, from a critical perspective, the incorporation of some principles of the feminist movement into capitalism and the market economy. Critiques are based, on the one hand, on the argument that the integration of women into the labor market has not led to a paradigm shift in the socio-economic model towards a more horizontal and egalitarian one, where wage gaps persist, and care work has not been evenly distributed, remaining predominantly shouldered by women. On the other hand, there is also scrutiny regarding how feminism is instrumentalized to sell products, losing its political significance and becoming merely a trend that does not question the production conditions of these products and excludes the majority of the world's population.
|
2023-12-02T22:26:32Z
|
2023-12-06T09:43:06Z
|
[
"Template:Cite news",
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"Template:Feminism",
"Template:Aspects of capitalism",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Columns-list",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Portal bar"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purple_capitalism
|
75,467,280 |
Laura De León Céspedes
|
Laura Marcela de León Céspedes (born January 19, 1991) is a Colombian actress and model. She is best known for her television role in Pa' quererte.
De León was born in Cartagena. She has a degree in Communication studies. De León was elected Miss Bolívar, and in 2008 she participated in a local pageant.
De León is a renowned Colombian actress, with performances in many TV shows, including La Playita,La Ley del Corazón,, Leandro Díaz,, and La luz de mis ojos.
De León is married to Salomón Bustamante and is the daughter of Martha Céspedes.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Laura Marcela de León Céspedes (born January 19, 1991) is a Colombian actress and model. She is best known for her television role in Pa' quererte.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "De León was born in Cartagena. She has a degree in Communication studies. De León was elected Miss Bolívar, and in 2008 she participated in a local pageant.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "De León is a renowned Colombian actress, with performances in many TV shows, including La Playita,La Ley del Corazón,, Leandro Díaz,, and La luz de mis ojos.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "De León is married to Salomón Bustamante and is the daughter of Martha Céspedes.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] |
Laura Marcela de León Céspedes is a Colombian actress and model. She is best known for her television role in Pa' quererte. De León was born in Cartagena. She has a degree in Communication studies. De León was elected Miss Bolívar, and in 2008 she participated in a local pageant. De León is a renowned Colombian actress, with performances in many TV shows, including La Playita,La Ley del Corazón,, Leandro Díaz,, and La luz de mis ojos. De León is married to Salomón Bustamante and is the daughter of Martha Céspedes.
|
2023-12-02T22:29:30Z
|
2023-12-14T22:33:57Z
|
[
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"Template:Improve categories",
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"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite journal",
"Template:Cite news"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laura_De_Le%C3%B3n_C%C3%A9spedes
|
75,467,302 |
Southern Pacific 5239
|
Southern Pacific 5239 (also known as Oregon and Northwestern Railroad 2) was a Baldwin AS-616 diesel locomotive built by the Baldwin-Lima-Hamilton Corporation in September 1950 for the Southern Pacific Transportation Company.
Southern Pacific 5239 was constructed in September 1950, and it arrived on the Southern Pacific Transportation Company that same year in 1950. It was one of 51 Baldwin AS-616 locomotives ordered by the Southern Pacific Transportation Company and was the 12th member of the 51 locomotives that were ordered by Southern Pacific being numbered 5228–5278.
Southern Pacific 5239 was retired from service on the Southern Pacific and was sold to the Oregon and Northwestern Railroad in October 1964 where it was used on O&NW as #2.
The AS-616 was suddenly cannibalized for spare parts through the final years of operation, until being stored in 1984. It would eventually be sold to Pacific Northwest Chapter of the National Railway Historical Society in October 1990.
5239 was then later given to National Transportation Museum, St. Louis, Missouri, until it was stored in Tigard, Oregon and was subsequently scrapped in November 2009.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Southern Pacific 5239 (also known as Oregon and Northwestern Railroad 2) was a Baldwin AS-616 diesel locomotive built by the Baldwin-Lima-Hamilton Corporation in September 1950 for the Southern Pacific Transportation Company.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Southern Pacific 5239 was constructed in September 1950, and it arrived on the Southern Pacific Transportation Company that same year in 1950. It was one of 51 Baldwin AS-616 locomotives ordered by the Southern Pacific Transportation Company and was the 12th member of the 51 locomotives that were ordered by Southern Pacific being numbered 5228–5278.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Southern Pacific 5239 was retired from service on the Southern Pacific and was sold to the Oregon and Northwestern Railroad in October 1964 where it was used on O&NW as #2.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The AS-616 was suddenly cannibalized for spare parts through the final years of operation, until being stored in 1984. It would eventually be sold to Pacific Northwest Chapter of the National Railway Historical Society in October 1990.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "5239 was then later given to National Transportation Museum, St. Louis, Missouri, until it was stored in Tigard, Oregon and was subsequently scrapped in November 2009.",
"title": "History"
}
] |
Southern Pacific 5239 was a Baldwin AS-616 diesel locomotive built by the Baldwin-Lima-Hamilton Corporation in September 1950 for the Southern Pacific Transportation Company.
|
2023-12-02T22:33:56Z
|
2023-12-04T14:34:46Z
|
[
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox locomotive",
"Template:Harvp",
"Template:Cite book"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Pacific_5239
|
75,467,328 |
Chris McAleer
|
Chris McAleer is an American politician. He serves as a Democratic member for the Carroll 2nd district of the New Hampshire House of Representatives.
Category:Living people Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:Place of birth missing (living people) Category:Democratic Party members of the New Hampshire House of Representatives Category:21st-century American politicians
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Chris McAleer is an American politician. He serves as a Democratic member for the Carroll 2nd district of the New Hampshire House of Representatives.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Category:Living people Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:Place of birth missing (living people) Category:Democratic Party members of the New Hampshire House of Representatives Category:21st-century American politicians",
"title": "References"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] |
Chris McAleer is an American politician. He serves as a Democratic member for the Carroll 2nd district of the New Hampshire House of Representatives.
|
2023-12-02T22:41:12Z
|
2023-12-03T00:12:13Z
|
[
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"Template:New Hampshire House of Representatives",
"Template:NewHampshire-politician-stub"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_McAleer
|
75,467,338 |
Landscapes of Dauria
|
The Landscapes of Dauria is a World Heritage Site shared between Russia and Mongolia, part of the "Daurian forest steppe" ecoregion (the latter also stretches into the northearten China).
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Landscapes of Dauria is a World Heritage Site shared between Russia and Mongolia, part of the \"Daurian forest steppe\" ecoregion (the latter also stretches into the northearten China).",
"title": ""
}
] |
The Landscapes of Dauria is a World Heritage Site shared between Russia and Mongolia, part of the "Daurian forest steppe" ecoregion.
|
2023-12-02T22:43:44Z
|
2023-12-02T22:49:07Z
|
[
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landscapes_of_Dauria
|
75,467,352 |
Alexander MacKerell
|
Alexander D. MacKerell, Jr. is an American biophysicist who is the Grollman-Glick Professor of Pharmaceutical Sciences at the University of Maryland, Baltimore (UMB) and the Director of the Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) Center at UMB. He is also the Co-Founder and Chief Scientific Officer of the drug design tech company SilcsBio. In 2022, MacKerell was awarded the prestigious American Chemical Society Award for Computers in Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research.
Alexander D. MacKerell, Jr. began his post-secondary education at Rowan College of South Jersey, then Gloucester County College. He obtained an associate degree in biology in 1979, then a bachelor's degree in chemistry from the University of Hawai'i at Mānoa in 1981. MacKerell returned to New Jersey and enrolled at Rutgers University to work on a PhD under biochemist Regina Pietruszko, which he completed in 1985. MacKerell held a postdoctoral fellowship at the Karolinska Institute under Rudolf Rigler for two years before moving back to the US where he worked on the development of the CHARMM protein force field under Martin Karplus at Harvard University. MacKerell held a one-year appointment as a Visiting assistant professor at Swarthmore College in 1992-93, before accepting a position at University of Maryland, Baltimore in the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences.
MacKerell's research contributions have been primarily in the field of computational biophysics, using modeling and simulation techniques such as Molecular dynamics or Monte Carlo to study the structure, function, and dynamics of biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids and lipids. MacKerell has been a leading developer of the widely-used CHARMM all-atom additive force field, particularly on parameterization, expanding it from primarily proteins in water in the early 1990s to include lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and organic small molecules. Alongside the lab of Benoit Roux, the MacKerell lab has led the development of the CHARMM-based Drude polarizeable force field, which aims to address a key limitation of additive force fields, namely that each atom gets a single, fixed partial charge regardless of local environment. The group has developed or contributed to the development of online tools to make academic research more straightforward and accessible. These include CGenFF, FFParam and DGenFF for automated generation of force field parameters for novel small molecules (such as drug-like molecules), and the CHARMM-GUI webserver used to generate inputs for various simulations. Besides force field development, the MacKerell group has also contributed to computational drug design in the development of the Grand-canonical Monte Carlo/Molecular dynamics sampling method upon which the Site-Identification by Ligand Competitive Saturation (SILCS) technology is based. In 2008, he was named the inaugural Grollman-Glick Professor of Pharmaceutical Science at UMB. In 2022, the American Chemical Society awarded MacKerell the Award for Computers in Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research.
MacKerell serves as an editor of the Journal of Computational Chemistry PLOS Computational Biology, and Proteins: Structure, Function, & Bioinformatics.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Alexander D. MacKerell, Jr. is an American biophysicist who is the Grollman-Glick Professor of Pharmaceutical Sciences at the University of Maryland, Baltimore (UMB) and the Director of the Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) Center at UMB. He is also the Co-Founder and Chief Scientific Officer of the drug design tech company SilcsBio. In 2022, MacKerell was awarded the prestigious American Chemical Society Award for Computers in Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Alexander D. MacKerell, Jr. began his post-secondary education at Rowan College of South Jersey, then Gloucester County College. He obtained an associate degree in biology in 1979, then a bachelor's degree in chemistry from the University of Hawai'i at Mānoa in 1981. MacKerell returned to New Jersey and enrolled at Rutgers University to work on a PhD under biochemist Regina Pietruszko, which he completed in 1985. MacKerell held a postdoctoral fellowship at the Karolinska Institute under Rudolf Rigler for two years before moving back to the US where he worked on the development of the CHARMM protein force field under Martin Karplus at Harvard University. MacKerell held a one-year appointment as a Visiting assistant professor at Swarthmore College in 1992-93, before accepting a position at University of Maryland, Baltimore in the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences.",
"title": "Education and early career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "MacKerell's research contributions have been primarily in the field of computational biophysics, using modeling and simulation techniques such as Molecular dynamics or Monte Carlo to study the structure, function, and dynamics of biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids and lipids. MacKerell has been a leading developer of the widely-used CHARMM all-atom additive force field, particularly on parameterization, expanding it from primarily proteins in water in the early 1990s to include lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and organic small molecules. Alongside the lab of Benoit Roux, the MacKerell lab has led the development of the CHARMM-based Drude polarizeable force field, which aims to address a key limitation of additive force fields, namely that each atom gets a single, fixed partial charge regardless of local environment. The group has developed or contributed to the development of online tools to make academic research more straightforward and accessible. These include CGenFF, FFParam and DGenFF for automated generation of force field parameters for novel small molecules (such as drug-like molecules), and the CHARMM-GUI webserver used to generate inputs for various simulations. Besides force field development, the MacKerell group has also contributed to computational drug design in the development of the Grand-canonical Monte Carlo/Molecular dynamics sampling method upon which the Site-Identification by Ligand Competitive Saturation (SILCS) technology is based. In 2008, he was named the inaugural Grollman-Glick Professor of Pharmaceutical Science at UMB. In 2022, the American Chemical Society awarded MacKerell the Award for Computers in Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research.",
"title": "Research"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "MacKerell serves as an editor of the Journal of Computational Chemistry PLOS Computational Biology, and Proteins: Structure, Function, & Bioinformatics.",
"title": "Research"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
Alexander D. MacKerell, Jr. is an American biophysicist who is the Grollman-Glick Professor of Pharmaceutical Sciences at the University of Maryland, Baltimore (UMB) and the Director of the Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) Center at UMB. He is also the Co-Founder and Chief Scientific Officer of the drug design tech company SilcsBio. In 2022, MacKerell was awarded the prestigious American Chemical Society Award for Computers in Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research.
|
2023-12-02T22:47:03Z
|
2023-12-14T16:51:29Z
|
[
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"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite journal",
"Template:GoogleScholar",
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] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_MacKerell
|
75,467,364 |
Robin Gibson Award for Enduring Architecture
|
The Robin Gibson Award for Enduring Architecture is an architecture prize presented annually by the Queensland Chapter of the Australian Institute of Architects (AIA) since the inaugural award in 2003. The award recognises significant, long lasting and innovative architecture with usually more than 25 years passed since the completion of construction.
The Enduring Architecture Award recognises achievement for the design of buildings of outstanding merit, which have remained important as high quality works of architecture when considered in contemporary cultural, social, economic and environmental contexts in the state of Queensland. Nominations for the award can be made by AIA members, non–members and non–architects, but must provide adequate material and information supporting the nomination for consideration of the jury. The award was initially known as the 25 Year Award from 2003 to 2010, later changed to the Queensland Award for Enduring Architecture from 2011 to 2013 in line with other states and the national awards. In 2014 it became a named award recognising Queensland architect, Robin Gibson, a two timer winner of the award.
The average age of the 21 projects recognised to from 2003 to 2023 is 37.5 years from completion of construction to year of award.
Recipients of the state–based award are eligible for consideration for the National Award for Enduring Architecture presented later in the same year, as part of the Australian National Architecture Awards.
Only one project located in Queensland has won the national award. In 2018 the Townsville Courts of Law, Edmund Sheppard Building by Hall, Phillips and Wilson Architects won both the state and national award 43 years after the building was completed in 1975.
Architects Geoffery Pie, Robin Gibson and James Birrell have all been presented the award on two occasions each.
The Robin Gibson Award for Enduring Architecture was awarded to the Sir Kingsford Smith Memorial by Noel Robinson Architects located at Brisbane Airport and completed in 1988. The 35 year old building houses the plane that was flown by Sir Kingsford Smith and his crew across the Pacific from San Francisco to Brisbane's Eagle Farm in 1928. The jury declared the project “an exemplary piece of public architecture that protects an important part of Australian history”.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Robin Gibson Award for Enduring Architecture is an architecture prize presented annually by the Queensland Chapter of the Australian Institute of Architects (AIA) since the inaugural award in 2003. The award recognises significant, long lasting and innovative architecture with usually more than 25 years passed since the completion of construction.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The Enduring Architecture Award recognises achievement for the design of buildings of outstanding merit, which have remained important as high quality works of architecture when considered in contemporary cultural, social, economic and environmental contexts in the state of Queensland. Nominations for the award can be made by AIA members, non–members and non–architects, but must provide adequate material and information supporting the nomination for consideration of the jury. The award was initially known as the 25 Year Award from 2003 to 2010, later changed to the Queensland Award for Enduring Architecture from 2011 to 2013 in line with other states and the national awards. In 2014 it became a named award recognising Queensland architect, Robin Gibson, a two timer winner of the award.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The average age of the 21 projects recognised to from 2003 to 2023 is 37.5 years from completion of construction to year of award.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Recipients of the state–based award are eligible for consideration for the National Award for Enduring Architecture presented later in the same year, as part of the Australian National Architecture Awards.",
"title": "National Award Winners"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Only one project located in Queensland has won the national award. In 2018 the Townsville Courts of Law, Edmund Sheppard Building by Hall, Phillips and Wilson Architects won both the state and national award 43 years after the building was completed in 1975.",
"title": "National Award Winners"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Architects Geoffery Pie, Robin Gibson and James Birrell have all been presented the award on two occasions each.",
"title": "Multiple Award Winners"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The Robin Gibson Award for Enduring Architecture was awarded to the Sir Kingsford Smith Memorial by Noel Robinson Architects located at Brisbane Airport and completed in 1988. The 35 year old building houses the plane that was flown by Sir Kingsford Smith and his crew across the Pacific from San Francisco to Brisbane's Eagle Farm in 1928. The jury declared the project “an exemplary piece of public architecture that protects an important part of Australian history”.",
"title": "Awards by year"
}
] |
The Robin Gibson Award for Enduring Architecture is an architecture prize presented annually by the Queensland Chapter of the Australian Institute of Architects (AIA) since the inaugural award in 2003. The award recognises significant, long lasting and innovative architecture with usually more than 25 years passed since the completion of construction.
|
2023-12-02T22:48:42Z
|
2023-12-31T19:52:08Z
|
[
"Template:Cite news",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Gallery",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web"
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_Gibson_Award_for_Enduring_Architecture
|
75,467,378 |
Benjamin Alphonsus Kwasi Konu
|
Benjamin Alphonsus Kwasi Konu was a Ghanaian politician and tutor.
Konu hailed from South Tongu.
In July 1956, Konu was elected at the general election to serve in the Legislative Assembly. He was a tutor.
Konu was the Member of Parliament for the Sogakofe Constituency. He was a member of the Convention People's Party. He was also the Minister for Fisheries.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Benjamin Alphonsus Kwasi Konu was a Ghanaian politician and tutor.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Konu hailed from South Tongu.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In July 1956, Konu was elected at the general election to serve in the Legislative Assembly. He was a tutor.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Konu was the Member of Parliament for the Sogakofe Constituency. He was a member of the Convention People's Party. He was also the Minister for Fisheries.",
"title": "Politics"
}
] |
Benjamin Alphonsus Kwasi Konu was a Ghanaian politician and tutor.
|
2023-12-02T22:52:04Z
|
2023-12-26T13:48:34Z
|
[
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox officeholder",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite book"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Alphonsus_Kwasi_Konu
|
75,467,383 |
Retour à la base
|
The Retour à la base, formerly Transat B to B (short for "back to Brittany") is a transatlantic single-handed yacht race exclusive to IMOCA 60 yachts, which first took place in 2007. It was introduced as a return race from destination of the Transat Jacques Vabre to Brittany, Metropolitan France, home to most IMOCA Teams.
Since its introduction it was held every four years in the year before the Vendée Globe except 2019.
The course is between Fort-de-France, Martinique, overseas France and Lorient, Brittany, Metropolitan France. It was held as a qualification race for the 2024-2025 Vendée Globe following the Transat Jacques Vabre in the 2023 IMOCA 60 race calendar.
32 skippers started the race. For several skippers it was the first solo race in an IMOCA 60, among others Sam Goodchild, Yoann Richomme, Violette Dorange and Nico Lunven. Several skippers who announced to compete had to cancel their participation due to damages taken during the 2023 Transat Jacques Vabre or illness. Most notably reining Vendée Globe winner Yannick Bestaven and Charlie Dalin.
The race start was on 30th November 2023. Tanguy Le Turquais and Jean Le Cam started several days later.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Retour à la base, formerly Transat B to B (short for \"back to Brittany\") is a transatlantic single-handed yacht race exclusive to IMOCA 60 yachts, which first took place in 2007. It was introduced as a return race from destination of the Transat Jacques Vabre to Brittany, Metropolitan France, home to most IMOCA Teams.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Since its introduction it was held every four years in the year before the Vendée Globe except 2019.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The course is between Fort-de-France, Martinique, overseas France and Lorient, Brittany, Metropolitan France. It was held as a qualification race for the 2024-2025 Vendée Globe following the Transat Jacques Vabre in the 2023 IMOCA 60 race calendar.",
"title": "2023 Edition"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "32 skippers started the race. For several skippers it was the first solo race in an IMOCA 60, among others Sam Goodchild, Yoann Richomme, Violette Dorange and Nico Lunven. Several skippers who announced to compete had to cancel their participation due to damages taken during the 2023 Transat Jacques Vabre or illness. Most notably reining Vendée Globe winner Yannick Bestaven and Charlie Dalin.",
"title": "2023 Edition"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The race start was on 30th November 2023. Tanguy Le Turquais and Jean Le Cam started several days later.",
"title": "2023 Edition"
}
] |
The Retour à la base, formerly Transat B to B is a transatlantic single-handed yacht race exclusive to IMOCA 60 yachts, which first took place in 2007. It was introduced as a return race from destination of the Transat Jacques Vabre to Brittany, Metropolitan France, home to most IMOCA Teams. Since its introduction it was held every four years in the year before the Vendée Globe except 2019.
|
2023-12-02T22:53:43Z
|
2023-12-29T15:48:30Z
|
[
"Template:Infobox recurring sailing competition",
"Template:Flagathlete",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Offshore sailing races"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retour_%C3%A0_la_base
|
75,467,394 |
Gerald Griffin (politician)
|
Gerald Griffin is an American politician. He serves as a Republican member for the Hillsborough 42nd district of the New Hampshire House of Representatives.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Gerald Griffin is an American politician. He serves as a Republican member for the Hillsborough 42nd district of the New Hampshire House of Representatives.",
"title": ""
}
] |
Gerald Griffin is an American politician. He serves as a Republican member for the Hillsborough 42nd district of the New Hampshire House of Representatives.
|
2023-12-02T22:55:40Z
|
2023-12-11T14:00:17Z
|
[
"Template:Short description",
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"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:New Hampshire House of Representatives",
"Template:Authority control",
"Template:NewHampshire-politician-stub"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerald_Griffin_(politician)
|
75,467,397 |
Clymenoptilon
|
Clymenoptilon is an extinct genus of phaethontiform bird related to modern tropicbirds. It contains a single species, C. novaezealandicum from the Paleocene-aged Waipara Greensand of New Zealand. Its name references Clymene, the mother of Phaethon in Greek mythology.
It is known from a partial skeleton with a nearly complete skull. It is the earliest known phaethontiform from the Southern Hemisphere (living only a few million years after the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event), suggesting that the group may have originated in Zealandia. It lived alongside the early pseudotooth bird Protodontopteryx, also one of the oldest representatives of its order.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Clymenoptilon is an extinct genus of phaethontiform bird related to modern tropicbirds. It contains a single species, C. novaezealandicum from the Paleocene-aged Waipara Greensand of New Zealand. Its name references Clymene, the mother of Phaethon in Greek mythology.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "It is known from a partial skeleton with a nearly complete skull. It is the earliest known phaethontiform from the Southern Hemisphere (living only a few million years after the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event), suggesting that the group may have originated in Zealandia. It lived alongside the early pseudotooth bird Protodontopteryx, also one of the oldest representatives of its order.",
"title": ""
}
] |
Clymenoptilon is an extinct genus of phaethontiform bird related to modern tropicbirds. It contains a single species, C. novaezealandicum from the Paleocene-aged Waipara Greensand of New Zealand. Its name references Clymene, the mother of Phaethon in Greek mythology. It is known from a partial skeleton with a nearly complete skull. It is the earliest known phaethontiform from the Southern Hemisphere, suggesting that the group may have originated in Zealandia. It lived alongside the early pseudotooth bird Protodontopteryx, also one of the oldest representatives of its order.
|
2023-12-02T22:56:33Z
|
2023-12-11T02:35:59Z
|
[
"Template:Speciesbox",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite journal",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Taxonbar"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clymenoptilon
|
75,467,399 |
Mody Guiro
|
Mody Guiro (born 17 November 1951) is a Mali-born Senegalese trade union leader.
Born in Kayes in Mali, Guiro trained as an electrician and moved to study in Thiès in Senegal. He became interested in communism, and joined the Thiès Union of Trade Unions, rising to become regional secretary. In 2001, the general secretary of the National Confederation of Senegalese Workers, Madia Diop, retired. Guiro contested the post, defeating Diop's preferred successor, Cheikh Diop. As a member of the Socialist Party of Senegal, he became a leading opponent of the Senegalese Democratic Party government, leading a wave of strikes. In December 2002, he signed a compact with the government, providing for regular consultation with unions.
In 2005, Guiro was additionally elected as president of the ICFTU African Regional Organisation. In 2007, this became part of the new ITUC-Africa, with Guiro continuing as president.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Mody Guiro (born 17 November 1951) is a Mali-born Senegalese trade union leader.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Born in Kayes in Mali, Guiro trained as an electrician and moved to study in Thiès in Senegal. He became interested in communism, and joined the Thiès Union of Trade Unions, rising to become regional secretary. In 2001, the general secretary of the National Confederation of Senegalese Workers, Madia Diop, retired. Guiro contested the post, defeating Diop's preferred successor, Cheikh Diop. As a member of the Socialist Party of Senegal, he became a leading opponent of the Senegalese Democratic Party government, leading a wave of strikes. In December 2002, he signed a compact with the government, providing for regular consultation with unions.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 2005, Guiro was additionally elected as president of the ICFTU African Regional Organisation. In 2007, this became part of the new ITUC-Africa, with Guiro continuing as president.",
"title": ""
}
] |
Mody Guiro is a Mali-born Senegalese trade union leader. Born in Kayes in Mali, Guiro trained as an electrician and moved to study in Thiès in Senegal. He became interested in communism, and joined the Thiès Union of Trade Unions, rising to become regional secretary. In 2001, the general secretary of the National Confederation of Senegalese Workers, Madia Diop, retired. Guiro contested the post, defeating Diop's preferred successor, Cheikh Diop. As a member of the Socialist Party of Senegal, he became a leading opponent of the Senegalese Democratic Party government, leading a wave of strikes. In December 2002, he signed a compact with the government, providing for regular consultation with unions. In 2005, Guiro was additionally elected as president of the ICFTU African Regional Organisation. In 2007, this became part of the new ITUC-Africa, with Guiro continuing as president.
|
2023-12-02T22:56:40Z
|
2023-12-06T00:52:10Z
|
[
"Template:Cite news",
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"Template:S-npo",
"Template:Succession box",
"Template:End box"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mody_Guiro
|
75,467,400 |
Willem Geesink
|
Gerhard Herman Johannes Wilhelm Jacobus Geesink (27 May 1854 – 23 January 1929), known as G. H. J. W. Geesink, or Willem Geesink, was a Dutch theologian. He served as professor at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam from 1890 to 1926, and was rector magnificus four times.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Gerhard Herman Johannes Wilhelm Jacobus Geesink (27 May 1854 – 23 January 1929), known as G. H. J. W. Geesink, or Willem Geesink, was a Dutch theologian. He served as professor at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam from 1890 to 1926, and was rector magnificus four times.",
"title": ""
}
] |
Gerhard Herman Johannes Wilhelm Jacobus Geesink, known as G. H. J. W. Geesink, or Willem Geesink, was a Dutch theologian. He served as professor at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam from 1890 to 1926, and was rector magnificus four times.
|
2023-12-02T22:56:47Z
|
2023-12-02T23:38:20Z
|
[
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willem_Geesink
|
75,467,418 |
Bermuda at the 2023 Parapan American Games
|
Bermuda is scheduled to compete at the 2023 Parapan American Games in Santiago, Chile from 17 November to 26 November 2023. This is Bermuda's 4th appearance at the Parapan American Games, having competed since the 2011 edition. Boccia players Omar Hayward and Yushae DeSilva-Andrade were the country's flagbearers during the opening ceremony and closing ceremony, respectively.
The following competitors won medals at the games. In the discipline sections below, the medalists' names are bolded.
The following is the list of number of competitors (per gender) participating at the games per sport/discipline.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Bermuda is scheduled to compete at the 2023 Parapan American Games in Santiago, Chile from 17 November to 26 November 2023. This is Bermuda's 4th appearance at the Parapan American Games, having competed since the 2011 edition. Boccia players Omar Hayward and Yushae DeSilva-Andrade were the country's flagbearers during the opening ceremony and closing ceremony, respectively.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The following competitors won medals at the games. In the discipline sections below, the medalists' names are bolded.",
"title": "Medalists"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The following is the list of number of competitors (per gender) participating at the games per sport/discipline.",
"title": "Competitors"
}
] |
Bermuda is scheduled to compete at the 2023 Parapan American Games in Santiago, Chile from 17 November to 26 November 2023. This is Bermuda's 4th appearance at the Parapan American Games, having competed since the 2011 edition. Boccia players Omar Hayward and Yushae DeSilva-Andrade were the country's flagbearers during the opening ceremony and closing ceremony, respectively.
|
2023-12-02T22:59:08Z
|
2023-12-03T14:58:22Z
|
[
"Template:Cite web",
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"Template:Gold medal",
"Template:Nations at the 2023 Parapan American Games"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bermuda_at_the_2023_Parapan_American_Games
|
75,467,446 |
Compass Confusion
|
Compass Confusion is an album by the band Junk Magic, led by pianist Craig Taborn, and featuring saxophonist and clarinetist Chris Speed, violist Mat Maneri, double bassist Erik Fratzke, and drummer David King. It was issued by Pyroclastic Records in 2020, 16 years after the group's initial release.
In a review for DownBeat, John Murph wrote: "Forgoing orthodox concepts about jazz and EDM is crucial to one's enjoyment of Compass Confusion... the combo engages in spontaneous sound sculpting that places premiums on textual ingenuity, spatial awareness and vigorous interactive dialogue."
John Sharpe of All About Jazz stated: "Taborn brings a raft of influences, from minimalism to musique concrète, ambient, hip hop, krautrock, fusion and improv to bear... What's striking is how the improvising sensibility at work in other areas of Taborn's oeuvre manifests here, as he keeps piling new layers of sound one atop the other." AAJ's Mike Jurkovic noted that the album "pulls you along with a lush velvet hook in your mouth," while "reeling it in is a struggle but a blessing."
Writing for PopMatters, Will Layman commented: "There is a refinement to Craig Taborn's vision for this band. Compass Confusion is almost conservative in its focus and discipline. After all these years, that has become clear."
Jazz Journal's Andy Hamilton remarked: "The tracks are a mix of driving polyrhythm and ambient soundscape... A very thoughtful, rewarding synthesis of jazz and contemporary popular genres."
Thom Jurek's review for AllMusic states: "The music... is dark and moody, but far from depressing. If anything, there is mischievous delight as Taborn and company discover one another over and again in refracted sound design, murky abstraction, and head-nodding beats. Challenging and inquisitive, Compass Confusion is, like its 2004 predecessor, the sound of 'next.'"
Mike Hobart of the Financial Times wrote: "This long-delayed follow-up release finds Taborn in familiar company, blurring the boundaries between live performance and studio techniques with a confidence and depth of feeling that newcomers in the field rarely match... the band's quality of sound fully matches Taborn's clarity of vision."
In an article for Jazzwise, Thomas Rees called the album "remarkable," and commented: "Each of the tracks... is as beautiful, strange and surprising as the last... You could listen to this a hundred times and still find something interesting and new."
JazzWord's Ken Waxman described the album as "a varied program which pinpoints Taborn's skills as an orchestrator and sensitive composer... an enjoyable, unforced group work."
A reviewer for Monarch Magazine remarked: "Taborn's textured, probing compositions, inventive use of ambient techniques and artful sound design reveal a true musical visionary at work. The album's sonic meanderings often possess a narrative quality, inviting listeners to follow pathways of diverse sound, jagged grooves and angular melody which alternately murmur and swell in satisfying arcs and swirls, making Compass Confusion one of the most imaginative, rewarding records of the year."
Chris Robinson of Point of Departure stated that, in comparison with the group's first album, "Compass Confusion is more fluid, dynamic, and, despite the heavy use of electronics, more organic. The interface between the compositions, improvisations, sound design, and production is seamless, and the electronic elements sound richer and more nuanced. As a whole, the new album is highly cohesive and plot-driven, suggesting that the band's vision has become fully realized."
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Compass Confusion is an album by the band Junk Magic, led by pianist Craig Taborn, and featuring saxophonist and clarinetist Chris Speed, violist Mat Maneri, double bassist Erik Fratzke, and drummer David King. It was issued by Pyroclastic Records in 2020, 16 years after the group's initial release.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In a review for DownBeat, John Murph wrote: \"Forgoing orthodox concepts about jazz and EDM is crucial to one's enjoyment of Compass Confusion... the combo engages in spontaneous sound sculpting that places premiums on textual ingenuity, spatial awareness and vigorous interactive dialogue.\"",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "John Sharpe of All About Jazz stated: \"Taborn brings a raft of influences, from minimalism to musique concrète, ambient, hip hop, krautrock, fusion and improv to bear... What's striking is how the improvising sensibility at work in other areas of Taborn's oeuvre manifests here, as he keeps piling new layers of sound one atop the other.\" AAJ's Mike Jurkovic noted that the album \"pulls you along with a lush velvet hook in your mouth,\" while \"reeling it in is a struggle but a blessing.\"",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Writing for PopMatters, Will Layman commented: \"There is a refinement to Craig Taborn's vision for this band. Compass Confusion is almost conservative in its focus and discipline. After all these years, that has become clear.\"",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Jazz Journal's Andy Hamilton remarked: \"The tracks are a mix of driving polyrhythm and ambient soundscape... A very thoughtful, rewarding synthesis of jazz and contemporary popular genres.\"",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Thom Jurek's review for AllMusic states: \"The music... is dark and moody, but far from depressing. If anything, there is mischievous delight as Taborn and company discover one another over and again in refracted sound design, murky abstraction, and head-nodding beats. Challenging and inquisitive, Compass Confusion is, like its 2004 predecessor, the sound of 'next.'\"",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Mike Hobart of the Financial Times wrote: \"This long-delayed follow-up release finds Taborn in familiar company, blurring the boundaries between live performance and studio techniques with a confidence and depth of feeling that newcomers in the field rarely match... the band's quality of sound fully matches Taborn's clarity of vision.\"",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "In an article for Jazzwise, Thomas Rees called the album \"remarkable,\" and commented: \"Each of the tracks... is as beautiful, strange and surprising as the last... You could listen to this a hundred times and still find something interesting and new.\"",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "JazzWord's Ken Waxman described the album as \"a varied program which pinpoints Taborn's skills as an orchestrator and sensitive composer... an enjoyable, unforced group work.\"",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "A reviewer for Monarch Magazine remarked: \"Taborn's textured, probing compositions, inventive use of ambient techniques and artful sound design reveal a true musical visionary at work. The album's sonic meanderings often possess a narrative quality, inviting listeners to follow pathways of diverse sound, jagged grooves and angular melody which alternately murmur and swell in satisfying arcs and swirls, making Compass Confusion one of the most imaginative, rewarding records of the year.\"",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Chris Robinson of Point of Departure stated that, in comparison with the group's first album, \"Compass Confusion is more fluid, dynamic, and, despite the heavy use of electronics, more organic. The interface between the compositions, improvisations, sound design, and production is seamless, and the electronic elements sound richer and more nuanced. As a whole, the new album is highly cohesive and plot-driven, suggesting that the band's vision has become fully realized.\"",
"title": "Reception"
}
] |
Compass Confusion is an album by the band Junk Magic, led by pianist Craig Taborn, and featuring saxophonist and clarinetist Chris Speed, violist Mat Maneri, double bassist Erik Fratzke, and drummer David King. It was issued by Pyroclastic Records in 2020, 16 years after the group's initial release.
|
2023-12-02T23:05:33Z
|
2023-12-02T23:18:32Z
|
[
"Template:Infobox album",
"Template:Album ratings",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compass_Confusion
|
75,467,473 |
George Tabor
|
George Washington Tabor (6 December 1862 – 24 August 1939) was an American politician.
George Tabor's father Andrew Jackson Tabor (1831–1901) moved from Jackson County, Indiana, to settle Monmouth Township, Jackson County, Iowa, with his brother. Andrew Tabor married Nancy L. Cooley in 1854, and their son George was born on 6 December 1862. George Tabor graduated from Baldwin High School in the town of Baldwin at the age of seventeen, then began working as a farmer. Tabor married Monmouth native Ella Gilmore. The couple returned to the Tabor family farm near Baldwin and raised two sons and three daughters. George Tabor later cofounded and served as president of the Baldwin Savings Bank.
Tabor was elected to the Iowa Senate in 1928, as a Democratic legislator for District 23, replacing Charles Steere Browne. Tabor took office on 14 January 1929 and served until 8 January 1933, when he was succeeded by Carolyn Campbell Pendray. One of Tabor's sons, Howard, later served in both houses of the Iowa General Assembly.
George Tabor died at home near Baldwin on 24 August 1939.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "George Washington Tabor (6 December 1862 – 24 August 1939) was an American politician.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "George Tabor's father Andrew Jackson Tabor (1831–1901) moved from Jackson County, Indiana, to settle Monmouth Township, Jackson County, Iowa, with his brother. Andrew Tabor married Nancy L. Cooley in 1854, and their son George was born on 6 December 1862. George Tabor graduated from Baldwin High School in the town of Baldwin at the age of seventeen, then began working as a farmer. Tabor married Monmouth native Ella Gilmore. The couple returned to the Tabor family farm near Baldwin and raised two sons and three daughters. George Tabor later cofounded and served as president of the Baldwin Savings Bank.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Tabor was elected to the Iowa Senate in 1928, as a Democratic legislator for District 23, replacing Charles Steere Browne. Tabor took office on 14 January 1929 and served until 8 January 1933, when he was succeeded by Carolyn Campbell Pendray. One of Tabor's sons, Howard, later served in both houses of the Iowa General Assembly.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "George Tabor died at home near Baldwin on 24 August 1939.",
"title": ""
}
] |
George Washington Tabor was an American politician. George Tabor's father Andrew Jackson Tabor (1831–1901) moved from Jackson County, Indiana, to settle Monmouth Township, Jackson County, Iowa, with his brother. Andrew Tabor married Nancy L. Cooley in 1854, and their son George was born on 6 December 1862. George Tabor graduated from Baldwin High School in the town of Baldwin at the age of seventeen, then began working as a farmer. Tabor married Monmouth native Ella Gilmore. The couple returned to the Tabor family farm near Baldwin and raised two sons and three daughters. George Tabor later cofounded and served as president of the Baldwin Savings Bank. Tabor was elected to the Iowa Senate in 1928, as a Democratic legislator for District 23, replacing Charles Steere Browne. Tabor took office on 14 January 1929 and served until 8 January 1933, when he was succeeded by Carolyn Campbell Pendray. One of Tabor's sons, Howard, later served in both houses of the Iowa General Assembly. George Tabor died at home near Baldwin on 24 August 1939.
|
2023-12-02T23:10:06Z
|
2023-12-04T00:25:12Z
|
[
"Template:Distinguish",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite news",
"Template:Authority control"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Tabor
|
75,467,491 |
John Allen Mathews
|
John Allen Mathews was an American frontiersman and slave owner who settled among the Osage Nation and later advocated and died for the Confederate States of America.
John Allen Mathews was a native of Kentucky with Virginia roots. Mathews worked as a blacksmith sent by the United States to work among Indian tribes to fulfil treaty obligations. He worked for the Seneca tribe in 1839 before being sent to work in the Osage Nation in 1840. He was one of the first white people to settle in Labette County, Kansas and is one of the founders of Oswego, Kansas. He arrived with a seven-year-old son and a slave and the Osage were generally disappointed that the three men represented the fulfillment of their treaty promise of a functioning blacksmith for the nation. He claimed 140-acre plot and imported slaves to build a large house, trading post, water well, blacksmith, stables, and horse racing track. He married Mary Ann Williams, the daughter of William S. Williams and his Osage wife A-Ci'n-Ga, in the mid-1830s. The couple had two children, Sue and Aloysius Allen, before Mary's death in 1843. After her death, he married her sister Sarah Williams and they had four children (John, Janes, William Shirley Mathews, and Edward Martin) before her death in 1856. He gained a reputation as a fair trader among the Osage (rare for white traders in the era) and was a strong advocate for slavery in the United States.
Mathews was a prominent figure in Southeast Kansas in the lead up to and during the American Civil War. He was a pro-confederate partisan and raider from 1856 on during Bleeding Kansas. In 1861, he was commissioned a Confederate Army captain and led a meeting on June 4, 1861, to organize Cherokee, Osage, and white people living in the area (then known as "the Neutral lands") to join the Confederacy. He organized and recruited heavily for Confederate partisans operating in Kansas. His recruiting included his son John Mathews Jr. He eventual led a raid on Father Schoenmakers and the Jesuit run Osage Mission's post. Schoenmakers had educated Mathews children and was warned of the raid by William Shirley Mathews, saving the priests in the mission. He was killed in action by Pleasant Smith in a battle led by James G. Blunt on September 19, 1861.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "John Allen Mathews was an American frontiersman and slave owner who settled among the Osage Nation and later advocated and died for the Confederate States of America.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "John Allen Mathews was a native of Kentucky with Virginia roots. Mathews worked as a blacksmith sent by the United States to work among Indian tribes to fulfil treaty obligations. He worked for the Seneca tribe in 1839 before being sent to work in the Osage Nation in 1840. He was one of the first white people to settle in Labette County, Kansas and is one of the founders of Oswego, Kansas. He arrived with a seven-year-old son and a slave and the Osage were generally disappointed that the three men represented the fulfillment of their treaty promise of a functioning blacksmith for the nation. He claimed 140-acre plot and imported slaves to build a large house, trading post, water well, blacksmith, stables, and horse racing track. He married Mary Ann Williams, the daughter of William S. Williams and his Osage wife A-Ci'n-Ga, in the mid-1830s. The couple had two children, Sue and Aloysius Allen, before Mary's death in 1843. After her death, he married her sister Sarah Williams and they had four children (John, Janes, William Shirley Mathews, and Edward Martin) before her death in 1856. He gained a reputation as a fair trader among the Osage (rare for white traders in the era) and was a strong advocate for slavery in the United States.",
"title": "Early life and family"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Mathews was a prominent figure in Southeast Kansas in the lead up to and during the American Civil War. He was a pro-confederate partisan and raider from 1856 on during Bleeding Kansas. In 1861, he was commissioned a Confederate Army captain and led a meeting on June 4, 1861, to organize Cherokee, Osage, and white people living in the area (then known as \"the Neutral lands\") to join the Confederacy. He organized and recruited heavily for Confederate partisans operating in Kansas. His recruiting included his son John Mathews Jr. He eventual led a raid on Father Schoenmakers and the Jesuit run Osage Mission's post. Schoenmakers had educated Mathews children and was warned of the raid by William Shirley Mathews, saving the priests in the mission. He was killed in action by Pleasant Smith in a battle led by James G. Blunt on September 19, 1861.",
"title": "American Civil War and death"
}
] |
John Allen Mathews was an American frontiersman and slave owner who settled among the Osage Nation and later advocated and died for the Confederate States of America.
|
2023-12-02T23:13:41Z
|
2023-12-06T19:52:28Z
|
[
"Template:Sfn",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite book",
"Template:Cite journal",
"Template:Infobox military person"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Allen_Mathews
|
75,467,496 |
Delete (Sid song)
|
"Delete" is a single by Japanese rock band SID, released on March 4, 2020, via Ki/oon Music. It is the opening theme of The Seven Deadly Sins: Imperial Wrath of The Gods anime.
Sora Amamiya, who plays Elizabeth in the anime, covered "Delete" for the 2023 tribute album Sid Tribute Album -Anime Songs-.
The song was first performed at a concert at the Tokyo International Forum Hall on November 21, 2019, the last show of the tour in promotion of the album Shōnin Yokkyū. Its release as a single was announced on mid December. "Delete" was released in advance on streaming services as soon as it started airing in Nanatsu no Taizai series, on January 8, 2020. At 6:30 pm of the same day, members started a livestream on YouTube to talk about the single. They revealed complete information about the single's formats, content and artwork. A shortened version of the music video was also uploaded on the band's official YouTube channel at 8:00 pm. On February 19, the full version of the music video was made available on the channel, showing the four members playing their instruments facing each other.
"Delete" was released on CD on March 4 in three editions: regular, limited and anime limited edition. The regular edition comes with the CD only, with the title track and its instrumental version. The limited edition also includes a DVD with the song's music video and its making-of, and the anime limited edition includes the television cut of "Delete" and the anime's opening video without the credits.
First buyers of the single at Tower Records received a free poster.
SID said they were honored to collaborate with a popular anime worldwide, and explained the song's message:
"Delete" is a message to those who have a "past" or "present" that they would like to delete, and our music expresses the idea of living strongly despite that. We would be happy if it resonated with people who got to know us through the anime.
CD Journal website commented that the song has a "fast-paced feel" and a "hooky arrangement".
"Delete" reached 25th position on weekly Oricon Singles Chart and stayed onchart for three weeks. It was the first time since "Sweet?" (2005) that a single by Sid did not surpass Oricon top 20.
All lyrics are written by Mao.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "\"Delete\" is a single by Japanese rock band SID, released on March 4, 2020, via Ki/oon Music. It is the opening theme of The Seven Deadly Sins: Imperial Wrath of The Gods anime.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Sora Amamiya, who plays Elizabeth in the anime, covered \"Delete\" for the 2023 tribute album Sid Tribute Album -Anime Songs-.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The song was first performed at a concert at the Tokyo International Forum Hall on November 21, 2019, the last show of the tour in promotion of the album Shōnin Yokkyū. Its release as a single was announced on mid December. \"Delete\" was released in advance on streaming services as soon as it started airing in Nanatsu no Taizai series, on January 8, 2020. At 6:30 pm of the same day, members started a livestream on YouTube to talk about the single. They revealed complete information about the single's formats, content and artwork. A shortened version of the music video was also uploaded on the band's official YouTube channel at 8:00 pm. On February 19, the full version of the music video was made available on the channel, showing the four members playing their instruments facing each other.",
"title": "Promotion and release"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "\"Delete\" was released on CD on March 4 in three editions: regular, limited and anime limited edition. The regular edition comes with the CD only, with the title track and its instrumental version. The limited edition also includes a DVD with the song's music video and its making-of, and the anime limited edition includes the television cut of \"Delete\" and the anime's opening video without the credits.",
"title": "Promotion and release"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "First buyers of the single at Tower Records received a free poster.",
"title": "Promotion and release"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "SID said they were honored to collaborate with a popular anime worldwide, and explained the song's message:",
"title": "Musical style and themes"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "\"Delete\" is a message to those who have a \"past\" or \"present\" that they would like to delete, and our music expresses the idea of living strongly despite that. We would be happy if it resonated with people who got to know us through the anime.",
"title": "Musical style and themes"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "CD Journal website commented that the song has a \"fast-paced feel\" and a \"hooky arrangement\".",
"title": "Musical style and themes"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "\"Delete\" reached 25th position on weekly Oricon Singles Chart and stayed onchart for three weeks. It was the first time since \"Sweet?\" (2005) that a single by Sid did not surpass Oricon top 20.",
"title": "Commercial performance"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "All lyrics are written by Mao.",
"title": "Track listing"
}
] |
"Delete" is a single by Japanese rock band SID, released on March 4, 2020, via Ki/oon Music. It is the opening theme of The Seven Deadly Sins: Imperial Wrath of The Gods anime. Sora Amamiya, who plays Elizabeth in the anime, covered "Delete" for the 2023 tribute album Sid Tribute Album -Anime Songs-.
|
2023-12-02T23:13:59Z
|
2023-12-15T20:01:47Z
|
[
"Template:Blockquote",
"Template:Track listing",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:YouTube",
"Template:Sid (band)",
"Template:The Seven Deadly Sins",
"Template:Infobox song"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delete_(Sid_song)
|
75,467,515 |
Eva Emilova
|
Eva Emilova (born 18 December 2009) is a Bulgarian rhythmic gymnast. She is a world and European champion.
She took up gymnastics at age five in Sofia, after being introduced to the sport by her father. In her free time she enjoys swimming, spending time with family.
She became national champion in 2022. In 2023 she won All-Around gold, 5 balls gold and 5 ropes silver at Miss Valentine. At the Sofia Tournament the junior group won gold in the All-Around and with 5 ropes, bronze with 5 balls. In May she competed at the European Championships in Baku, where she won silver in the All-Around and gold with 5 balls and 5 ropes. In July Eva and Vanesa Emilova, Andrea Ivanova, Krasimira Ivanova, Gabriela Peeva, Tsveteyoana Peycheva became junior All-Around champion and won silver with 5 balls and 5 ropes at the 2nd edition of the tournament in Cluj-Napoca. She also won bronze in the national clubs competition with Levski.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Eva Emilova (born 18 December 2009) is a Bulgarian rhythmic gymnast. She is a world and European champion.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "She took up gymnastics at age five in Sofia, after being introduced to the sport by her father. In her free time she enjoys swimming, spending time with family.",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "She became national champion in 2022. In 2023 she won All-Around gold, 5 balls gold and 5 ropes silver at Miss Valentine. At the Sofia Tournament the junior group won gold in the All-Around and with 5 ropes, bronze with 5 balls. In May she competed at the European Championships in Baku, where she won silver in the All-Around and gold with 5 balls and 5 ropes. In July Eva and Vanesa Emilova, Andrea Ivanova, Krasimira Ivanova, Gabriela Peeva, Tsveteyoana Peycheva became junior All-Around champion and won silver with 5 balls and 5 ropes at the 2nd edition of the tournament in Cluj-Napoca. She also won bronze in the national clubs competition with Levski.",
"title": "Career"
}
] |
Eva Emilova is a Bulgarian rhythmic gymnast. She is a world and European champion.
|
2023-12-02T23:17:50Z
|
2023-12-04T11:26:47Z
|
[
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox gymnast",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eva_Emilova
|
75,467,520 |
Ricco Diack
|
Ricco Diack (born 7 May 2005) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a striker for Scottish Championship club Partick Thistle.
After coming through the Thistle youth ranks, Diack made his Partick Thistle debut coming off the bench in a Scottish Championship game against Hamilton Academical in January 2023.
Diack signed a two-year deal as a modern apprentice with Thistle in July 2023.
Diack made his first professional start in a Scottish Championship game against Airdrieonians, also scoring his first professional goal after just seven minutes, in a 2–1 home victory. Following this performance, Diack was named in the SPFL team of the week.
Diack is the son of former footballer Iain Diack.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Ricco Diack (born 7 May 2005) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a striker for Scottish Championship club Partick Thistle.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "After coming through the Thistle youth ranks, Diack made his Partick Thistle debut coming off the bench in a Scottish Championship game against Hamilton Academical in January 2023.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Diack signed a two-year deal as a modern apprentice with Thistle in July 2023.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Diack made his first professional start in a Scottish Championship game against Airdrieonians, also scoring his first professional goal after just seven minutes, in a 2–1 home victory. Following this performance, Diack was named in the SPFL team of the week.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Diack is the son of former footballer Iain Diack.",
"title": "Personal Life"
}
] |
Ricco Diack is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a striker for Scottish Championship club Partick Thistle.
|
2023-12-02T23:18:45Z
|
2023-12-30T14:51:41Z
|
[
"Template:Infobox football biography",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite news",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Short description"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricco_Diack
|
75,467,523 |
Brigitte Bandit
|
Brigitte Bandit is an American drag queen and activist based in Austin, Texas.
Bandit grew up in northwest Austin. She was also interested in music from a young age, with the first two artists she saw in concert being Cher and Dolly Parton; she later played flute in her school's marching band. Bandit's mother was also an influence on Bandit's love of performance; she worked as a stripper, and later fought to be included in a Cher impersonation contest, in which she won second place.
At age 15, Bandit began working with children, first as an art instructor, and later as a swim instructor.
Bandit, a flamboyant dresser, had long been interested in drag, but thought, as a woman, she would not be allowed to perform. After watching a performance by Sin Wai Kin, she realized she had been wrong, and began pursuing drag. She began performing in drag in the late 2010s, at age 26.
Bandit has performed as Dolly Parton multiple times, and has been called the "Dolly of Austin". She has also addressed political and social issues in her shows, such as underfunded schools, poverty, policing, and laws related to abortion access and drag performance. She has performed in shows at Oilcan Harry's and at the Austin City Limits Music Festival. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Bandit participated in Extragrams, a drag queen telegram service.
She has also been involved with drag storytime events, during which she has dressed as Dolly Parton, as well as characters like Ariel (The Little Mermaid) and Jessie (Toy Story 2). In 2023, one of Bandit's TikTok videos, in which she lip-syncs to Katy Perry's "Firework" alongside several children, received nearly 4 million views before it was removed by TikTok for "child safety purposes".
Bandit has spoken against anti-drag bills in Texas since 2022, including Senate Bill 12 and Senate Bill 1601.
Her first testimony against Senate Bill 12 went viral, both for her full drag look (the photo of which was named one of Tim's Top 100 Photos of 2023) and because she pointed out the "absurdity" of the bill because, as someone who was assigned female at birth and who performs a feminine character, Bandit would not be bound by the proposed laws. During her second testimony against the bill, later in 2023, Bandit again appeared in drag, in a dress which featured the Texas flag and the names of the children killed in the 2022 Uvalde shooting and the 2023 Allen, Texas shooting, with the slogan "Defend our kids against gun violence. Restrict guns, not drag" on her back. After the bill was passed, Bandit was one of five plaintiffs in the ACLU's lawsuit against it.
Bandit has received online harassment for her visible opposition to the bills, including death threats and doxing.
Bandit is nonbinary and uses both she/her and they/them pronouns.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Brigitte Bandit is an American drag queen and activist based in Austin, Texas.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Bandit grew up in northwest Austin. She was also interested in music from a young age, with the first two artists she saw in concert being Cher and Dolly Parton; she later played flute in her school's marching band. Bandit's mother was also an influence on Bandit's love of performance; she worked as a stripper, and later fought to be included in a Cher impersonation contest, in which she won second place.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "At age 15, Bandit began working with children, first as an art instructor, and later as a swim instructor.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Bandit, a flamboyant dresser, had long been interested in drag, but thought, as a woman, she would not be allowed to perform. After watching a performance by Sin Wai Kin, she realized she had been wrong, and began pursuing drag. She began performing in drag in the late 2010s, at age 26.",
"title": "Drag career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Bandit has performed as Dolly Parton multiple times, and has been called the \"Dolly of Austin\". She has also addressed political and social issues in her shows, such as underfunded schools, poverty, policing, and laws related to abortion access and drag performance. She has performed in shows at Oilcan Harry's and at the Austin City Limits Music Festival. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Bandit participated in Extragrams, a drag queen telegram service.",
"title": "Drag career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "She has also been involved with drag storytime events, during which she has dressed as Dolly Parton, as well as characters like Ariel (The Little Mermaid) and Jessie (Toy Story 2). In 2023, one of Bandit's TikTok videos, in which she lip-syncs to Katy Perry's \"Firework\" alongside several children, received nearly 4 million views before it was removed by TikTok for \"child safety purposes\".",
"title": "Drag career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Bandit has spoken against anti-drag bills in Texas since 2022, including Senate Bill 12 and Senate Bill 1601.",
"title": "Activism"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Her first testimony against Senate Bill 12 went viral, both for her full drag look (the photo of which was named one of Tim's Top 100 Photos of 2023) and because she pointed out the \"absurdity\" of the bill because, as someone who was assigned female at birth and who performs a feminine character, Bandit would not be bound by the proposed laws. During her second testimony against the bill, later in 2023, Bandit again appeared in drag, in a dress which featured the Texas flag and the names of the children killed in the 2022 Uvalde shooting and the 2023 Allen, Texas shooting, with the slogan \"Defend our kids against gun violence. Restrict guns, not drag\" on her back. After the bill was passed, Bandit was one of five plaintiffs in the ACLU's lawsuit against it.",
"title": "Activism"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Bandit has received online harassment for her visible opposition to the bills, including death threats and doxing.",
"title": "Activism"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Bandit is nonbinary and uses both she/her and they/them pronouns.",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] |
Brigitte Bandit is an American drag queen and activist based in Austin, Texas.
|
2023-12-02T23:19:53Z
|
2023-12-13T05:26:16Z
|
[
"Template:Cite news",
"Template:Cite web"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brigitte_Bandit
|
75,467,533 |
Choi Jin-hee (entrepreneur)
|
Choi Jin-hee (Korean: 최진희; Hanja: 崔珍熙; Born November 9, 1968) is a South Korean television producer and businesswoman. Since December 2021, Choi Jin-hee has held the position of Chief Executive Officer (CEO) at Imaginus, a content production company that she established. Choi also served as Executive Advisor of Myriagon Studio, subsidiaries of Aniplex, since June 2023.
In 2012, Choi began her career as producer in CJ E&M's drama business division. She then served as the first CEO of Studio Dragon from May 2016 to July 2020. Choi ranked 14th in 2019 Forbes Korea 65 Powerful Female CEOs. In the same year She was selected as the winner of the CEO Leadership Award in the 2019 Media Management Award by The Media Future Research Institute.
After leaving Studio Dragon, she was appointed the role of Director of Film and Drama Business at CJ ENM, where she served from July 2020 to November 2021.
Choi Jin-hee was born on October 4, 1968. She enrolled in the Department of French Language and Literature at Sungshin Women's University, graduating with a B.A. in French Literature from the College of Humanities. Later, she received a master's degree in advertising marketing from INSEEC Business School in France.
In 1993, Choi started working at Dentsu Young & Rubycom, where she was involved in advertising production. She later moved to Daewoo Video Business Division, where Choi took charge of foreign films import.
After moving to On-Media, she worked as the head of the content acquisition team. Choi was promoted to an executive position as the Film Business Manager on October 31, 2010. In 2011, she joined CJ Group after On-Media was acquired by CJ E&M. On October 17, 2012, Choi Jin-hee was promoted to the position of Head of CJ E&M Channel 1. Then, on January 28, 2013, she was promoted to the position of managing director (Sangmu). Her latest position was the head of CJ E&M's Content Business Department and Drama Business Department. Choi played a pivotal role in overseeing the production of dramas such as Misaeng and Oh My Ghost.
When Studio Dragon Corporation was established on May 3, 2016, as a spin-off from CJ E&M's Drama Business Department, Choi naturally assumed the role of CEO. Studio Dragon was established as comprehensive studio model specialized in drama planning, production, and distribution. Unlike other production companies that are dependent on broadcasting companies, they proactively plan and produce their own works based on analysis of market needs and targets.
Following its establishment, Studio Dragon engaged in a proactive strategy of mergers and acquisitions, particularly targeting renowned TV drama production companies associated with hit drama writers. One notable example was the integration of Culture Depot into Studio Dragon, the company behind writer Park Ji-eun, which had been acquired by CJ E&M in January 2016. Additionally, between May and September 2016, Studio Dragon further expanded its portfolio through equity swaps with Hwa&Dam Pictures, known for writer Kim Eun-sook, as well as KPJ, known for writer Kim Young-hyun and Park Sang-yeon.
In September 2016, Studio Dragon and DramaFever, the renowned Korean drama and film streaming site that had been acquired by Warner Bros., signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU). during the Broadcast World Wide Convention (BCWW) opening ceremony in Seoul, Craig Hunegs, the president of business and strategy at Warner Bros. Television Group, revealed that the two companies would also be exploring the potential for remaking existing films and TV shows under their co-production agreement.
Under the leadership of Choi, Studio Dragon joined the KOSDAQ index of the Korea Exchange, the same index where its parent company is listed, through an initial public offering (IPO) on November 24, 2017. Preceding the IPO, Choi held a press conference in Yeouido, Seoul, during which she expressed, "Through listing on KOSDAQ, we will solidify our position as number one in domestic market share by 2020 and continue to grow overseas sales to become a major global studio."
Choi also set a goal to increase Studio Dragon's domestic drama market share to 40% by 2020 and increasing overseas sales by an average of 30% per year. Studio Dragon successfully secured overseas distribution channels for its content by selling tentpole works to Netflix. Mr. Sunshine which had a production cost of ₩43 billion, was sold for ₩28 billion. This amount is equivalent to 70% of the production cost. Unlike other drama production companies, Studio Dragon records a high profit margin of 60% on average.
By early 2018, Studio Dragon had already emerged as the leading South Korean TV drama production company, commanding approximately 20% of the market share in terms of the number of TV dramas broadcast in 2017. In the same year, Studio Dragon became a subsidiaries of CJ ENM after their previous parent company, CJ E&M, was merged into CJ ENM.
In March, Choi announced Studio Dragon acquisition of a full equity stake (200,000 shares) in GTist, a drama production company known for its talented creators including writer Noh Hee-kyung, director Kim Gyu-tae, and Hong Jong-chan [ko]. The acquisition was made for KRW 25 billion in cash. Writer Noh Hee-kyung debuted in the MBC Best Theater 'Mother's Gardenia' in 1995 and worked as a drama writer for over 24 years, and has written works such as Worlds Within, That Winter, the Wind Blows, It’s Okay, That’s Love, Dear My Friends, and Live. Director Kim Gyu-tae has collaborated with writer Noh Hee-kyung in many projects such as Worlds Within, That Winter, the Wind Blows, It’s Okay, That’s Love, and Live. Meanwhile Director Hong Jong-chan has directed Doctor Stranger, Dear My Friends, and Her Private Life.
Trough acquisition of Culture Depot, Hwa&Dam Pictures, KPJ, and GTist, Studio Dragon have recruited many talents, reaching 183 people as of the second quarter of 2019.
In September, Choi announced that Studio Dragon has acquired an about 20% equity share in Movierock, a movie production company. Founded in 2012, Movierock (CEO Kim Jae-joong) is a domestic film production company that is recognized for its excellent planning and production ability by successively releasing films such as Thread of Lies, Midnight Runners, Be With You, Innocent Witness, and Tune in for Love.
In November 2019, Studio Dragon and Netflix signed a production and distribution agreement. The three years agreement, effective in 2020, involved Studio Dragon creating original series that were globally distributed by Netflix on its platform. Furthermore, Netflix acquired distribution rights to certain titles from Studio Dragon that were not included in the partnership. The deal followed pre-existing ties between CJ, Studio Dragon and Netflix, which has seen the SVoD stream series including Stranger, Mr. Sunshine, Memories of the Alhambra, Romance Is A Bonus Book, and Arthdal Chronicles.
In December 2019, Choi announced Studio Dragon had signed an acquisition agreement for a 19% stake of Merrycow Creative owned by Writer Song Jae-jung [ko] who wrote Memories of the Alhambra and Nine.
Choi grew sales of Studio Dragon from ₩200 million at the end of 2016 to ₩4.7 billion at the end of 2019. On December 30, 2019, as part of the executive reshuffle for 2020, CJ Group announced the promotion of 58 individuals, which included Choi Jin-hee, the CEO of Studio Dragon. CJ ENM promoted Choi from the position of executive vice president to vice chairman. As the only female executive to receive a promotion, Choi made history as the first female executive in the company to rise to the position of vice chairman through internal promotion.
On July 16, 2020, CJ ENM announced leadership changes within Studio Dragon. Choi Jin-hee was appointed as the director of the newly established Film and Drama Division at CJ ENM. Kang Cheol-gu, the Management Planning Director of Studio Dragon, and Kim Young-gyu, the First Production Director of Studio Dragon, were selected to jointly assume the position left by Choi as the new CEO for Studio Dragon.
On August 31st of the same year, Choi exercised options on 21,840 shares of Studio Dragon stock at an exercise price of ₩27,500 per share. With a closing price of ₩82,100 on September 8th, it appears that a 200% valuation return was achieved. Studio Dragon granted Choi 72,800 shares as stock options for being the first CEO of Studio Dragon in 2016. The first time Choi exercised stock options was in August 2019, when she exercised options for 21,840 shares. Therefore, a total of 43,680 stock options have been exercised so far, leaving 29,120 shares unexercised. Through this stock option exercise, Choi earned a market profit of ₩2.4 billion. Considering the remaining shares, the value of Choi's stake in Studio Dragon amounts to ₩6 billion.
In November 2021, Choi departed from her position in CJ ENM before the end of her term, which was originally scheduled to conclude in March 2022. Following her departure, Choi founded a new content production company called Imaginus in December 2021. Imaginus operates as a comprehensive content production company with approximately 10 entertainment and drama labels under its umbrella. Initially capitalized at ₩10 million, Imaginus attracted a significant investment of ₩50 billion from J&Private Equity (J&PE) according to industry sources on December 8th. According to an industry official, J&PE's investment in Imaginus was made at a corporate value of around ₩200 billion. It is said that the follow-up investment aims to increase the corporate value to ₩1 trillion.
In August 2022, Choi was recognized as one of "Korea's 100 female startup leaders" in a list organized by Hankyung Geeks and Startup Alliance. The selection was based on factors such as cumulative investment amount, experience, and industry. The list showcased the top female startup representatives in 10 different industries, including Education, Fashion & Beauty, E-commerce, Finance & Insurance, Healthcare, Living & Space, Food Tech, Content & Social, Leisure & Travel, and Advertising & Marketing. Choi, representing Imaginus, ranked first in the Content & Social category and 9th overall.
In March 2023, Imaginus prepared to enter into a strategic partnership with Myriagon Studio. Myriagon Studio was a relaunch of Origamix Partners Inc, the management company of Alice In Borderland director Shinsuke Sato, which had been renamed after being acquired by Aniplex, a subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment Japan. As of June 1, 2023, Choi served as Executive Advisor to Myriagon Studio to jointly build a strong Asian premium production network.
In August 2023, Imaginus and Innocean, an advertising production house affiliate of Hyundai Motor Company, joined forces to establish Studio Orbit, a joint venture specializing in content production. Hwang Ji-young was appointed as the CEO of Studio Orbit. Hwang has an impressive track record, having led MBC's popular entertainment show I Live Alone from 2017 to 2021 and receiving several accolades, including the 2018 Korean Broadcasting Awards Producer Award and the 2020 MBC Special Achievement Award. Her most recent project was With the Silk of Dohpo Flying in Denmark. As the CEO of Studio Orbit, Hwang oversees the entertainment department, while director Kim Hee-won [ko], known for directing Little Women and Vincenzo, oversees the drama department.
Studio Orbit's signing ceremony was held at Innocean's Seoul headquarters, with key executives in attendance, including Innocean CEO Lee Yong-woo, Imagineers CEO Choi Jin-hee, and Studio Orbit CEO Hwang Ji-young. Studio Orbit aims to create relatable and enjoyable commercial content, such as entertainment shows, dramas, and movies, leveraging the expertise of talented creators to accelerate production.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Choi Jin-hee (Korean: 최진희; Hanja: 崔珍熙; Born November 9, 1968) is a South Korean television producer and businesswoman. Since December 2021, Choi Jin-hee has held the position of Chief Executive Officer (CEO) at Imaginus, a content production company that she established. Choi also served as Executive Advisor of Myriagon Studio, subsidiaries of Aniplex, since June 2023.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In 2012, Choi began her career as producer in CJ E&M's drama business division. She then served as the first CEO of Studio Dragon from May 2016 to July 2020. Choi ranked 14th in 2019 Forbes Korea 65 Powerful Female CEOs. In the same year She was selected as the winner of the CEO Leadership Award in the 2019 Media Management Award by The Media Future Research Institute.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "After leaving Studio Dragon, she was appointed the role of Director of Film and Drama Business at CJ ENM, where she served from July 2020 to November 2021.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Choi Jin-hee was born on October 4, 1968. She enrolled in the Department of French Language and Literature at Sungshin Women's University, graduating with a B.A. in French Literature from the College of Humanities. Later, she received a master's degree in advertising marketing from INSEEC Business School in France.",
"title": "Education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In 1993, Choi started working at Dentsu Young & Rubycom, where she was involved in advertising production. She later moved to Daewoo Video Business Division, where Choi took charge of foreign films import.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "After moving to On-Media, she worked as the head of the content acquisition team. Choi was promoted to an executive position as the Film Business Manager on October 31, 2010. In 2011, she joined CJ Group after On-Media was acquired by CJ E&M. On October 17, 2012, Choi Jin-hee was promoted to the position of Head of CJ E&M Channel 1. Then, on January 28, 2013, she was promoted to the position of managing director (Sangmu). Her latest position was the head of CJ E&M's Content Business Department and Drama Business Department. Choi played a pivotal role in overseeing the production of dramas such as Misaeng and Oh My Ghost.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "When Studio Dragon Corporation was established on May 3, 2016, as a spin-off from CJ E&M's Drama Business Department, Choi naturally assumed the role of CEO. Studio Dragon was established as comprehensive studio model specialized in drama planning, production, and distribution. Unlike other production companies that are dependent on broadcasting companies, they proactively plan and produce their own works based on analysis of market needs and targets.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Following its establishment, Studio Dragon engaged in a proactive strategy of mergers and acquisitions, particularly targeting renowned TV drama production companies associated with hit drama writers. One notable example was the integration of Culture Depot into Studio Dragon, the company behind writer Park Ji-eun, which had been acquired by CJ E&M in January 2016. Additionally, between May and September 2016, Studio Dragon further expanded its portfolio through equity swaps with Hwa&Dam Pictures, known for writer Kim Eun-sook, as well as KPJ, known for writer Kim Young-hyun and Park Sang-yeon.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "In September 2016, Studio Dragon and DramaFever, the renowned Korean drama and film streaming site that had been acquired by Warner Bros., signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU). during the Broadcast World Wide Convention (BCWW) opening ceremony in Seoul, Craig Hunegs, the president of business and strategy at Warner Bros. Television Group, revealed that the two companies would also be exploring the potential for remaking existing films and TV shows under their co-production agreement.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Under the leadership of Choi, Studio Dragon joined the KOSDAQ index of the Korea Exchange, the same index where its parent company is listed, through an initial public offering (IPO) on November 24, 2017. Preceding the IPO, Choi held a press conference in Yeouido, Seoul, during which she expressed, \"Through listing on KOSDAQ, we will solidify our position as number one in domestic market share by 2020 and continue to grow overseas sales to become a major global studio.\"",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Choi also set a goal to increase Studio Dragon's domestic drama market share to 40% by 2020 and increasing overseas sales by an average of 30% per year. Studio Dragon successfully secured overseas distribution channels for its content by selling tentpole works to Netflix. Mr. Sunshine which had a production cost of ₩43 billion, was sold for ₩28 billion. This amount is equivalent to 70% of the production cost. Unlike other drama production companies, Studio Dragon records a high profit margin of 60% on average.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "By early 2018, Studio Dragon had already emerged as the leading South Korean TV drama production company, commanding approximately 20% of the market share in terms of the number of TV dramas broadcast in 2017. In the same year, Studio Dragon became a subsidiaries of CJ ENM after their previous parent company, CJ E&M, was merged into CJ ENM.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "In March, Choi announced Studio Dragon acquisition of a full equity stake (200,000 shares) in GTist, a drama production company known for its talented creators including writer Noh Hee-kyung, director Kim Gyu-tae, and Hong Jong-chan [ko]. The acquisition was made for KRW 25 billion in cash. Writer Noh Hee-kyung debuted in the MBC Best Theater 'Mother's Gardenia' in 1995 and worked as a drama writer for over 24 years, and has written works such as Worlds Within, That Winter, the Wind Blows, It’s Okay, That’s Love, Dear My Friends, and Live. Director Kim Gyu-tae has collaborated with writer Noh Hee-kyung in many projects such as Worlds Within, That Winter, the Wind Blows, It’s Okay, That’s Love, and Live. Meanwhile Director Hong Jong-chan has directed Doctor Stranger, Dear My Friends, and Her Private Life.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "Trough acquisition of Culture Depot, Hwa&Dam Pictures, KPJ, and GTist, Studio Dragon have recruited many talents, reaching 183 people as of the second quarter of 2019.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "In September, Choi announced that Studio Dragon has acquired an about 20% equity share in Movierock, a movie production company. Founded in 2012, Movierock (CEO Kim Jae-joong) is a domestic film production company that is recognized for its excellent planning and production ability by successively releasing films such as Thread of Lies, Midnight Runners, Be With You, Innocent Witness, and Tune in for Love.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "In November 2019, Studio Dragon and Netflix signed a production and distribution agreement. The three years agreement, effective in 2020, involved Studio Dragon creating original series that were globally distributed by Netflix on its platform. Furthermore, Netflix acquired distribution rights to certain titles from Studio Dragon that were not included in the partnership. The deal followed pre-existing ties between CJ, Studio Dragon and Netflix, which has seen the SVoD stream series including Stranger, Mr. Sunshine, Memories of the Alhambra, Romance Is A Bonus Book, and Arthdal Chronicles.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "In December 2019, Choi announced Studio Dragon had signed an acquisition agreement for a 19% stake of Merrycow Creative owned by Writer Song Jae-jung [ko] who wrote Memories of the Alhambra and Nine.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "Choi grew sales of Studio Dragon from ₩200 million at the end of 2016 to ₩4.7 billion at the end of 2019. On December 30, 2019, as part of the executive reshuffle for 2020, CJ Group announced the promotion of 58 individuals, which included Choi Jin-hee, the CEO of Studio Dragon. CJ ENM promoted Choi from the position of executive vice president to vice chairman. As the only female executive to receive a promotion, Choi made history as the first female executive in the company to rise to the position of vice chairman through internal promotion.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 18,
"text": "On July 16, 2020, CJ ENM announced leadership changes within Studio Dragon. Choi Jin-hee was appointed as the director of the newly established Film and Drama Division at CJ ENM. Kang Cheol-gu, the Management Planning Director of Studio Dragon, and Kim Young-gyu, the First Production Director of Studio Dragon, were selected to jointly assume the position left by Choi as the new CEO for Studio Dragon.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 19,
"text": "On August 31st of the same year, Choi exercised options on 21,840 shares of Studio Dragon stock at an exercise price of ₩27,500 per share. With a closing price of ₩82,100 on September 8th, it appears that a 200% valuation return was achieved. Studio Dragon granted Choi 72,800 shares as stock options for being the first CEO of Studio Dragon in 2016. The first time Choi exercised stock options was in August 2019, when she exercised options for 21,840 shares. Therefore, a total of 43,680 stock options have been exercised so far, leaving 29,120 shares unexercised. Through this stock option exercise, Choi earned a market profit of ₩2.4 billion. Considering the remaining shares, the value of Choi's stake in Studio Dragon amounts to ₩6 billion.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 20,
"text": "In November 2021, Choi departed from her position in CJ ENM before the end of her term, which was originally scheduled to conclude in March 2022. Following her departure, Choi founded a new content production company called Imaginus in December 2021. Imaginus operates as a comprehensive content production company with approximately 10 entertainment and drama labels under its umbrella. Initially capitalized at ₩10 million, Imaginus attracted a significant investment of ₩50 billion from J&Private Equity (J&PE) according to industry sources on December 8th. According to an industry official, J&PE's investment in Imaginus was made at a corporate value of around ₩200 billion. It is said that the follow-up investment aims to increase the corporate value to ₩1 trillion.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 21,
"text": "In August 2022, Choi was recognized as one of \"Korea's 100 female startup leaders\" in a list organized by Hankyung Geeks and Startup Alliance. The selection was based on factors such as cumulative investment amount, experience, and industry. The list showcased the top female startup representatives in 10 different industries, including Education, Fashion & Beauty, E-commerce, Finance & Insurance, Healthcare, Living & Space, Food Tech, Content & Social, Leisure & Travel, and Advertising & Marketing. Choi, representing Imaginus, ranked first in the Content & Social category and 9th overall.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 22,
"text": "In March 2023, Imaginus prepared to enter into a strategic partnership with Myriagon Studio. Myriagon Studio was a relaunch of Origamix Partners Inc, the management company of Alice In Borderland director Shinsuke Sato, which had been renamed after being acquired by Aniplex, a subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment Japan. As of June 1, 2023, Choi served as Executive Advisor to Myriagon Studio to jointly build a strong Asian premium production network.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 23,
"text": "In August 2023, Imaginus and Innocean, an advertising production house affiliate of Hyundai Motor Company, joined forces to establish Studio Orbit, a joint venture specializing in content production. Hwang Ji-young was appointed as the CEO of Studio Orbit. Hwang has an impressive track record, having led MBC's popular entertainment show I Live Alone from 2017 to 2021 and receiving several accolades, including the 2018 Korean Broadcasting Awards Producer Award and the 2020 MBC Special Achievement Award. Her most recent project was With the Silk of Dohpo Flying in Denmark. As the CEO of Studio Orbit, Hwang oversees the entertainment department, while director Kim Hee-won [ko], known for directing Little Women and Vincenzo, oversees the drama department.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 24,
"text": "Studio Orbit's signing ceremony was held at Innocean's Seoul headquarters, with key executives in attendance, including Innocean CEO Lee Yong-woo, Imagineers CEO Choi Jin-hee, and Studio Orbit CEO Hwang Ji-young. Studio Orbit aims to create relatable and enjoyable commercial content, such as entertainment shows, dramas, and movies, leveraging the expertise of talented creators to accelerate production.",
"title": "Career"
}
] |
Choi Jin-hee is a South Korean television producer and businesswoman. Since December 2021, Choi Jin-hee has held the position of Chief Executive Officer (CEO) at Imaginus, a content production company that she established. Choi also served as Executive Advisor of Myriagon Studio, subsidiaries of Aniplex, since June 2023. In 2012, Choi began her career as producer in CJ E&M's drama business division. She then served as the first CEO of Studio Dragon from May 2016 to July 2020. Choi ranked 14th in 2019 Forbes Korea 65 Powerful Female CEOs. In the same year She was selected as the winner of the CEO Leadership Award in the 2019 Media Management Award by The Media Future Research Institute. After leaving Studio Dragon, she was appointed the role of Director of Film and Drama Business at CJ ENM, where she served from July 2020 to November 2021.
|
2023-12-02T23:24:24Z
|
2023-12-22T08:34:23Z
|
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choi_Jin-hee_(entrepreneur)
|
75,467,538 |
Holger Blom
|
Holger Blom (12 August 1905 – 19 March 1965) was a Danish fashion designer. He is best known for his creations for the Danish royal family
Blom was born on 12 August 1905 in Skanderborg, Denmark. He was born into a wealthy manufacturing family. He was the son of manufacturer Christian Blom (1866-1929) and his wife, Julie Blom (1878-1921). He was educated at Odense Cathedral School in Odense and studied German at the University of Copenhagen. He began to sew dresses for ladies in Copenhagen during his studies. He left university and opened his atelier in 1929.
Blom is best known as a dressmaker to the Danish royal family, namely Queen Ingrid. In 1964, he designed Princess Anne-Marie's gown for her wedding to Constantine II, King of the Hellenes.
Blom's other clientele included Bodil Kjær, Marguerite Viby, Helle Virkner and Liva Weel. He designed costumes for the Royal Danish Theatre and the films Meet Me on Cassiopeia, Den kære familie and Kispus.
On 19 March 1965, Blom died at the age of 59. He was unmarried. Queen Ingrid has visited him on the day of his death. Blom's apprentice Jørgen Bender became the royal family's primary dressmaker. Blom was the inspiration for the character Daniel Andersen-Skjern in the TV series Matador.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Holger Blom (12 August 1905 – 19 March 1965) was a Danish fashion designer. He is best known for his creations for the Danish royal family",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Blom was born on 12 August 1905 in Skanderborg, Denmark. He was born into a wealthy manufacturing family. He was the son of manufacturer Christian Blom (1866-1929) and his wife, Julie Blom (1878-1921). He was educated at Odense Cathedral School in Odense and studied German at the University of Copenhagen. He began to sew dresses for ladies in Copenhagen during his studies. He left university and opened his atelier in 1929.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Blom is best known as a dressmaker to the Danish royal family, namely Queen Ingrid. In 1964, he designed Princess Anne-Marie's gown for her wedding to Constantine II, King of the Hellenes.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Blom's other clientele included Bodil Kjær, Marguerite Viby, Helle Virkner and Liva Weel. He designed costumes for the Royal Danish Theatre and the films Meet Me on Cassiopeia, Den kære familie and Kispus.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "On 19 March 1965, Blom died at the age of 59. He was unmarried. Queen Ingrid has visited him on the day of his death. Blom's apprentice Jørgen Bender became the royal family's primary dressmaker. Blom was the inspiration for the character Daniel Andersen-Skjern in the TV series Matador.",
"title": "Biography"
}
] |
Holger Blom was a Danish fashion designer. He is best known for his creations for the Danish royal family
|
2023-12-02T23:25:24Z
|
2023-12-03T20:51:31Z
|
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holger_Blom
|
75,467,557 |
Rza Afganli
|
Rza Rustam oglu Afganli (real surname Jafarzade; 1899–1973) was a Soviet Azerbaijani actor, People's Artist of the Azerbaijan SSR (1943) and Laureate of the Stalin Prize (1948).
Rza Jafarzade was born on May 15, 1899, in the village of Ogan, near Serab (Iranian Azerbaijan). He began his stage career in the Baku Mobile Workers' Theater. From 1923, he was an actor at the Azerbaijan State Academic National Drama Theatre named after Mashadi Azizbeyov. In the years 1923–1926, he studied at the Baku Theater Technical School. Rza Afganli passed away on November 9, 1973, in Baku.
List: Roles in the theater
Filmography
List:
He established a family life twice. His daughter Khumar Zulfugarova (1927-2017), became a dancer, choreographer, and People's Artist of the Azerbaijan SSR (1979). In the second time, Rza was married to actress Badura Afganli (People's Artiste of the Azerbaijan SSR (1974), and Honored Art Worker of the Azerbaijan SSR (1949)). Their daughter Ophelia (1939–2010), who also became an actress, was married to actor Sayavush Aslan.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Rza Rustam oglu Afganli (real surname Jafarzade; 1899–1973) was a Soviet Azerbaijani actor, People's Artist of the Azerbaijan SSR (1943) and Laureate of the Stalin Prize (1948).",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Rza Jafarzade was born on May 15, 1899, in the village of Ogan, near Serab (Iranian Azerbaijan). He began his stage career in the Baku Mobile Workers' Theater. From 1923, he was an actor at the Azerbaijan State Academic National Drama Theatre named after Mashadi Azizbeyov. In the years 1923–1926, he studied at the Baku Theater Technical School. Rza Afganli passed away on November 9, 1973, in Baku.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "List: Roles in the theater",
"title": "Activity"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Filmography",
"title": "Activity"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "List:",
"title": "Awards"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "He established a family life twice. His daughter Khumar Zulfugarova (1927-2017), became a dancer, choreographer, and People's Artist of the Azerbaijan SSR (1979). In the second time, Rza was married to actress Badura Afganli (People's Artiste of the Azerbaijan SSR (1974), and Honored Art Worker of the Azerbaijan SSR (1949)). Their daughter Ophelia (1939–2010), who also became an actress, was married to actor Sayavush Aslan.",
"title": "Family"
}
] |
Rza Rustam oglu Afganli was a Soviet Azerbaijani actor, People's Artist of the Azerbaijan SSR (1943) and Laureate of the Stalin Prize (1948).
|
2023-12-02T23:27:56Z
|
2023-12-19T22:12:34Z
|
[
"Template:Authority control",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox person",
"Template:Sfn",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite book"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rza_Afganli
|
75,467,565 |
2023 Liga 3 West Sumatra
|
The 2023 Liga 3 West Sumatra will be the sixth season of Liga 3 West Sumatra as a qualifying round for the national round of the 2023–24 Liga 3.
The league competition in the previous season was not held by Asprov PSSI West Sumatra, so the defending champion is still held by PSKB who managed to win it in the season 2021.
There are 12 teams participating in the league this season.
All matches were held at Sungai Sariak Stadium, Padang Pariaman Regency.
All matches were held at Gelora Haji Agus Salim Stadium, Padang City.
All matches were held at Sungai Sariak Stadium, Padang Pariaman Regency.
PSPP were awarded a 3–0 win over PS Dharmasraya.
All matches were held at Sungai Sariak Stadium, Padang Pariaman Regency.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2023 Liga 3 West Sumatra will be the sixth season of Liga 3 West Sumatra as a qualifying round for the national round of the 2023–24 Liga 3.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The league competition in the previous season was not held by Asprov PSSI West Sumatra, so the defending champion is still held by PSKB who managed to win it in the season 2021.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "There are 12 teams participating in the league this season.",
"title": "Teams"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "All matches were held at Sungai Sariak Stadium, Padang Pariaman Regency.",
"title": "First round"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "All matches were held at Gelora Haji Agus Salim Stadium, Padang City.",
"title": "First round"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "All matches were held at Sungai Sariak Stadium, Padang Pariaman Regency.",
"title": "Second round"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "PSPP were awarded a 3–0 win over PS Dharmasraya.",
"title": "Second round"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "All matches were held at Sungai Sariak Stadium, Padang Pariaman Regency.",
"title": "Second round"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "",
"title": "Knockout round"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "",
"title": "Knockout round"
}
] |
The 2023 Liga 3 West Sumatra will be the sixth season of Liga 3 West Sumatra as a qualifying round for the national round of the 2023–24 Liga 3. The league competition in the previous season was not held by Asprov PSSI West Sumatra, so the defending champion is still held by PSKB who managed to win it in the season 2021.
|
2023-12-02T23:29:21Z
|
2023-12-30T12:05:31Z
|
[
"Template:TwoLegStart",
"Template:Sort",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Liga Indonesia seasons",
"Template:Football box",
"Template:4TeamBracket",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Liga 3 (Indonesia)",
"Template:2023 in Indonesian football",
"Template:Infobox football tournament season",
"Template:TwoLegResult"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Liga_3_West_Sumatra
|
75,467,574 |
Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD)
|
[] |
2023-12-02T23:31:00Z
|
2023-12-02T23:31:00Z
|
[] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisation_for_Economic_Co-Operation_and_Development_(OECD)
|
||
75,467,591 |
Axinia
|
Axinia is a genus of flies in the family Calliphoridae.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Axinia is a genus of flies in the family Calliphoridae.",
"title": ""
}
] |
Axinia is a genus of flies in the family Calliphoridae.
|
2023-12-02T23:32:14Z
|
2023-12-02T23:32:14Z
|
[
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Automatic taxobox",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite journal",
"Template:Calliphoridae-stub"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axinia
|
75,467,600 |
Anaulacodithella australica
|
Anaulacodithella australica is a species of pseudoscorpion in the Chthoniidae family. It was described in 1969 by Austrian arachnologist Max Beier.
The species occurs in south-eastern Queensland. The type locality is the Lamington National Park. The pseudoscorpions are found in closed forest plant litter.
The pseudoscorpions are terrestrial predators.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Anaulacodithella australica is a species of pseudoscorpion in the Chthoniidae family. It was described in 1969 by Austrian arachnologist Max Beier.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The species occurs in south-eastern Queensland. The type locality is the Lamington National Park. The pseudoscorpions are found in closed forest plant litter.",
"title": "Distribution and habitat"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The pseudoscorpions are terrestrial predators.",
"title": "Behaviour"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] |
Anaulacodithella australica is a species of pseudoscorpion in the Chthoniidae family. It was described in 1969 by Austrian arachnologist Max Beier.
|
2023-12-02T23:33:09Z
|
2023-12-02T23:33:09Z
|
[
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Taxonbar",
"Template:Pseudoscorpion-stub",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Speciesbox",
"Template:Reflist"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaulacodithella_australica
|
75,467,609 |
Kinsaku Nakane
|
Kinsaku Nakane (1917- 1 March 1995) was a renowned landscape garden designer, builder, and restorer, professor, President of the Nakane Garden Research Institute and President of the Osaka University of Fine Arts. Nakane died from a heart attack in Kyoto, Japan on the first of March in 1995, he was 77 years old at the time. Nakane studied city planning in college and found his love for landscape architecture on a vacation trip in Kyoto, Japan. There he learned about Japanese architecture and landscape architecture, professions he hadn't known much about before his trip. He was amazed by structures such as The Silver Pavilion, Ryoan-ji Temple, and the Katsura and Shugakuin Detached Palaces. He was so intrigued by what he saw in Kyoto, he turned down a position in the Tokyo Metropolitan City Planning Department after graduation to better understand what he saw in Kyoto. He would return to Kyoto where he would live the rest of his life. Kinsaku would have a son, Shiro Nakane, who would also make great contributions to landscape architecture. Shiro would also take over as President of Nakane and Associates, which was a garden research center and landscape consultancy which was founded by Kinsaku in 1966. Kinsaku, by the end of his career, had memorable projects in multiple countries, not just in Kyoto, Japan.
Kinsaku started his landscape architecture career doing whatever needed to be done, he completed simple cleaning to constructing a complicated fence design in the gardens he worked in. Once he worked his way up to having his own gardening crew working for him, he believed that there are two phases of being an apprentice in the landscape architecture industry, both lasting five years each. The first phase consisted of apprentices learning the basic skills of construction and maintenance within a garden. The second phase consisted of apprentices making their own construction decisions and being their own teachers by learning from their decisions. The apprentices must also learn the ritualized ceremony of drinking powdered tea because the orientation of the garden is crucial in the ceremonial process. It was also so they would learn the beauty in the minute details within the garden. Kinsaku also took pride in the aesthetic of the tea drinking ceremony because anyone could copy the operations of the ceremony, but not everyone could replicate the aesthetic in them, much like building gardens. Kinsaku didn't build his own garden till he was thirty-eight years old, thirteen years after he started working in Kyoto.
Kinsaku starts the process of building a garden by looking into what the client wants the garden to represent. Especially outside of Japan, where some clients want gardens to represent the climate and environment in the country in which the garden will be in, so Kinsaku would mix traditions, but some clients still want the Japanese style of garden so those are easier to design and build. Once he gets an idea of the style of garden, he begins sketching a design in plan of what he wants the garden to generally look like. From there he will create a detail plan which will be more precise so he can begin to understand how he wants the important things, like rock-setting, to be arranged in the garden. When all the plans are complete, materials will be ordered, and his workers will begin to get the site ready. Kinsaku is onsite directing his workers where to organize the important materials like the rocks and the trees. With the organization of the less important materials like moss and bushes, Kinsaku believes his workers know what he wants, so he won't pay much attention to that side of the work. Kinsaku believed that if countries didn't have their own style of garden, they shouldn't just copy the Japanese style of garden; they should instead use the Japanese style as a model of how their gardens and their society should be interlinked.
Kinsaku Nakane has contributions to gardens and even gardens of his own in Japan, the United States of America, and Singapore. One of his most notable gardens outside of Japan is the Tenshin-en (Garden of the Heart of Heaven) at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, USA which he built in 1987. Tenshin-en is a 10,000 square foot garden that features 178 boulders and over 1750 plants which exemplifies symbolisms to the New England landscape. Kinsaku flew in a helicopter over the area to get an idea of what the landscape looked like and to start piecing together ideas for the Fine Arts Museum. Many people know him from his renovating work done to the great Ryoan-ji Temple in Kyoto, Japan. The Ryoan-ji Temple was built in the 15th century and went through many rebuilds from fires and old age. It was in 1977 when Kinsaku dared to change the topping of the boundary wall from clay tiles to roof shingles which to many people was controversial because he wasn't keeping the originality of the Temple. Some of his other work includes his first project, the Jonangu Shinto Shrine in Kyoto. The Jonangu Shinto Shrine is a garden in a Shinto shrine where people go to pray for good health and fortune. Another notable project of his in the United States is the Japanese garden at the Jimmy Carter Library and Conference Center in Atlanta, Georgia. His garden at the Adachi Art Musuem in Singapore is another project which he completed outside of Kyoto. This garden was one that used the Japanese style because Singapore didn't have a style of garden at the time and the client, Mr. Adachi, wanted a unique garden built in a traditional style.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Kinsaku Nakane (1917- 1 March 1995) was a renowned landscape garden designer, builder, and restorer, professor, President of the Nakane Garden Research Institute and President of the Osaka University of Fine Arts. Nakane died from a heart attack in Kyoto, Japan on the first of March in 1995, he was 77 years old at the time. Nakane studied city planning in college and found his love for landscape architecture on a vacation trip in Kyoto, Japan. There he learned about Japanese architecture and landscape architecture, professions he hadn't known much about before his trip. He was amazed by structures such as The Silver Pavilion, Ryoan-ji Temple, and the Katsura and Shugakuin Detached Palaces. He was so intrigued by what he saw in Kyoto, he turned down a position in the Tokyo Metropolitan City Planning Department after graduation to better understand what he saw in Kyoto. He would return to Kyoto where he would live the rest of his life. Kinsaku would have a son, Shiro Nakane, who would also make great contributions to landscape architecture. Shiro would also take over as President of Nakane and Associates, which was a garden research center and landscape consultancy which was founded by Kinsaku in 1966. Kinsaku, by the end of his career, had memorable projects in multiple countries, not just in Kyoto, Japan.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Kinsaku started his landscape architecture career doing whatever needed to be done, he completed simple cleaning to constructing a complicated fence design in the gardens he worked in. Once he worked his way up to having his own gardening crew working for him, he believed that there are two phases of being an apprentice in the landscape architecture industry, both lasting five years each. The first phase consisted of apprentices learning the basic skills of construction and maintenance within a garden. The second phase consisted of apprentices making their own construction decisions and being their own teachers by learning from their decisions. The apprentices must also learn the ritualized ceremony of drinking powdered tea because the orientation of the garden is crucial in the ceremonial process. It was also so they would learn the beauty in the minute details within the garden. Kinsaku also took pride in the aesthetic of the tea drinking ceremony because anyone could copy the operations of the ceremony, but not everyone could replicate the aesthetic in them, much like building gardens. Kinsaku didn't build his own garden till he was thirty-eight years old, thirteen years after he started working in Kyoto.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Kinsaku starts the process of building a garden by looking into what the client wants the garden to represent. Especially outside of Japan, where some clients want gardens to represent the climate and environment in the country in which the garden will be in, so Kinsaku would mix traditions, but some clients still want the Japanese style of garden so those are easier to design and build. Once he gets an idea of the style of garden, he begins sketching a design in plan of what he wants the garden to generally look like. From there he will create a detail plan which will be more precise so he can begin to understand how he wants the important things, like rock-setting, to be arranged in the garden. When all the plans are complete, materials will be ordered, and his workers will begin to get the site ready. Kinsaku is onsite directing his workers where to organize the important materials like the rocks and the trees. With the organization of the less important materials like moss and bushes, Kinsaku believes his workers know what he wants, so he won't pay much attention to that side of the work. Kinsaku believed that if countries didn't have their own style of garden, they shouldn't just copy the Japanese style of garden; they should instead use the Japanese style as a model of how their gardens and their society should be interlinked.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Kinsaku Nakane has contributions to gardens and even gardens of his own in Japan, the United States of America, and Singapore. One of his most notable gardens outside of Japan is the Tenshin-en (Garden of the Heart of Heaven) at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, USA which he built in 1987. Tenshin-en is a 10,000 square foot garden that features 178 boulders and over 1750 plants which exemplifies symbolisms to the New England landscape. Kinsaku flew in a helicopter over the area to get an idea of what the landscape looked like and to start piecing together ideas for the Fine Arts Museum. Many people know him from his renovating work done to the great Ryoan-ji Temple in Kyoto, Japan. The Ryoan-ji Temple was built in the 15th century and went through many rebuilds from fires and old age. It was in 1977 when Kinsaku dared to change the topping of the boundary wall from clay tiles to roof shingles which to many people was controversial because he wasn't keeping the originality of the Temple. Some of his other work includes his first project, the Jonangu Shinto Shrine in Kyoto. The Jonangu Shinto Shrine is a garden in a Shinto shrine where people go to pray for good health and fortune. Another notable project of his in the United States is the Japanese garden at the Jimmy Carter Library and Conference Center in Atlanta, Georgia. His garden at the Adachi Art Musuem in Singapore is another project which he completed outside of Kyoto. This garden was one that used the Japanese style because Singapore didn't have a style of garden at the time and the client, Mr. Adachi, wanted a unique garden built in a traditional style.",
"title": "Career"
}
] |
Kinsaku Nakane was a renowned landscape garden designer, builder, and restorer, professor, President of the Nakane Garden Research Institute and President of the Osaka University of Fine Arts. Nakane died from a heart attack in Kyoto, Japan on the first of March in 1995, he was 77 years old at the time. Nakane studied city planning in college and found his love for landscape architecture on a vacation trip in Kyoto, Japan. There he learned about Japanese architecture and landscape architecture, professions he hadn't known much about before his trip. He was amazed by structures such as The Silver Pavilion, Ryoan-ji Temple, and the Katsura and Shugakuin Detached Palaces. He was so intrigued by what he saw in Kyoto, he turned down a position in the Tokyo Metropolitan City Planning Department after graduation to better understand what he saw in Kyoto. He would return to Kyoto where he would live the rest of his life. Kinsaku would have a son, Shiro Nakane, who would also make great contributions to landscape architecture. Shiro would also take over as President of Nakane and Associates, which was a garden research center and landscape consultancy which was founded by Kinsaku in 1966. Kinsaku, by the end of his career, had memorable projects in multiple countries, not just in Kyoto, Japan.
|
2023-12-02T23:35:05Z
|
2023-12-19T17:58:59Z
|
[
"Template:POV",
"Template:Reflist"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinsaku_Nakane
|
75,467,630 |
Hill Street Tunnel
|
Hill Street Tunnel referred to a series of rail and road tunnels in Los Angeles, California. Initially constructed to bypass the grades of the street's namesake Bunker Hill, one bore of the dual-bore tunnel served as the roadway of Hill Street while the other facilitated streetcars and interurban trains via a double track dual-gauge railway. One tunnel ran between Temple and 1st Streets.
The rail bore was built by the Los Angeles Pacific Railroad and was opened for traffic on September 15, 1909. The company rebuilt five miles (8.0 km) of their track as standard gauge the night before the tunnel's opening. The new private route cut twelve minutes off the trip to downtown for Hollywood Line and Sherman Line cars. Pacific Electric cars continued through a second tunnel between Temple and Sunset. The roadway bore opened to traffic on September 9, 1913. The Los Angeles Railway ran streetcars through the southern tunnel starting in July 1939.
Rail service through the tunnels were discontinued with the opening of the Hollywood Subway and the Hollywood Freeway. The tunnels and hill itself were leveled by 1955 and the Los Angeles Civic Center was built on the land. The northern tunnel was partially filled with dirt and remained unused until 1967 when part of it was excavated and turned into underground storage for the rebuilt Los Angeles Unified School District offices on the surface. The tunnel served in this capacity until 2003, when the Central Los Angeles High School #9 was built and the tunnel again filled.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Hill Street Tunnel referred to a series of rail and road tunnels in Los Angeles, California. Initially constructed to bypass the grades of the street's namesake Bunker Hill, one bore of the dual-bore tunnel served as the roadway of Hill Street while the other facilitated streetcars and interurban trains via a double track dual-gauge railway. One tunnel ran between Temple and 1st Streets.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The rail bore was built by the Los Angeles Pacific Railroad and was opened for traffic on September 15, 1909. The company rebuilt five miles (8.0 km) of their track as standard gauge the night before the tunnel's opening. The new private route cut twelve minutes off the trip to downtown for Hollywood Line and Sherman Line cars. Pacific Electric cars continued through a second tunnel between Temple and Sunset. The roadway bore opened to traffic on September 9, 1913. The Los Angeles Railway ran streetcars through the southern tunnel starting in July 1939.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Rail service through the tunnels were discontinued with the opening of the Hollywood Subway and the Hollywood Freeway. The tunnels and hill itself were leveled by 1955 and the Los Angeles Civic Center was built on the land. The northern tunnel was partially filled with dirt and remained unused until 1967 when part of it was excavated and turned into underground storage for the rebuilt Los Angeles Unified School District offices on the surface. The tunnel served in this capacity until 2003, when the Central Los Angeles High School #9 was built and the tunnel again filled.",
"title": ""
}
] |
Hill Street Tunnel referred to a series of rail and road tunnels in Los Angeles, California. Initially constructed to bypass the grades of the street's namesake Bunker Hill, one bore of the dual-bore tunnel served as the roadway of Hill Street while the other facilitated streetcars and interurban trains via a double track dual-gauge railway. One tunnel ran between Temple and 1st Streets. The rail bore was built by the Los Angeles Pacific Railroad and was opened for traffic on September 15, 1909. The company rebuilt five miles (8.0 km) of their track as standard gauge the night before the tunnel's opening. The new private route cut twelve minutes off the trip to downtown for Hollywood Line and Sherman Line cars. Pacific Electric cars continued through a second tunnel between Temple and Sunset. The roadway bore opened to traffic on September 9, 1913. The Los Angeles Railway ran streetcars through the southern tunnel starting in July 1939. Rail service through the tunnels were discontinued with the opening of the Hollywood Subway and the Hollywood Freeway. The tunnels and hill itself were leveled by 1955 and the Los Angeles Civic Center was built on the land. The northern tunnel was partially filled with dirt and remained unused until 1967 when part of it was excavated and turned into underground storage for the rebuilt Los Angeles Unified School District offices on the surface. The tunnel served in this capacity until 2003, when the Central Los Angeles High School #9 was built and the tunnel again filled.
|
2023-12-02T23:40:02Z
|
2023-12-27T18:51:06Z
|
[
"Template:Use mdy dates",
"Template:Hill Street Tunnel",
"Template:Convert",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite news",
"Template:Free access",
"Template:Veysey-PE-1958",
"Template:Short description"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hill_Street_Tunnel
|
75,467,631 |
Sam Speight
|
Samisoni Levulevu Speight (born 3 October 1985) is a Fijian former rugby union international.
Born in Suva, Speight was educated at Suva Grammar School and Queen Victoria School. He is a grandson of former Fiji president Josefa Iloilo and son of former cabinet minister Samisoni Tikoinasau. George Speight, leader of the 2000 Fiji coup, is his uncle. He is the elder brother of Wallabies winger Henry Speight.
Speight was more lightly built than most Fijian wingers, but had considerable pace. He served with the British Army, which is where he played his rugby, before signing a contract in 2013 to play for Bristol.
While representing Combined Services in 2013, Speight scored a hat trick of tries against the Barbarians and two weeks later earned a Fiji call up to play the same opponents at Twickenham, which remained his only Test appearance.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Samisoni Levulevu Speight (born 3 October 1985) is a Fijian former rugby union international.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Born in Suva, Speight was educated at Suva Grammar School and Queen Victoria School. He is a grandson of former Fiji president Josefa Iloilo and son of former cabinet minister Samisoni Tikoinasau. George Speight, leader of the 2000 Fiji coup, is his uncle. He is the elder brother of Wallabies winger Henry Speight.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Speight was more lightly built than most Fijian wingers, but had considerable pace. He served with the British Army, which is where he played his rugby, before signing a contract in 2013 to play for Bristol.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "While representing Combined Services in 2013, Speight scored a hat trick of tries against the Barbarians and two weeks later earned a Fiji call up to play the same opponents at Twickenham, which remained his only Test appearance.",
"title": "Biography"
}
] |
Samisoni Levulevu Speight is a Fijian former rugby union international.
|
2023-12-02T23:40:02Z
|
2023-12-04T09:10:19Z
|
[
"Template:Infobox rugby biography",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite news",
"Template:ESPNscrum"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sam_Speight
|
75,467,659 |
Christina Swarns
|
Christina Allison Swarns is an American lawyer and the Executive Director of the Innocence Project since September 8, 2020 . As of 2012, Swarns had seven convicted murderers taken off of death row, one of which was exonerated, three had their convictions overturned, and three had their sentences vacated . She received national media attention after her Supreme Court victory in Buck v. Davis, a case that overturned a death sentence on the grounds of unfair racial bias .
Christina grew up in Staten Island with her two sisters Jessica and Rachel . Her mother, a Caribbean immigrant from the Bahamas, is a retired superintendent for the New York Department of Education . Her father was a real estate broker . Her parents met while her father was at Howard and when her mother was a student at what then was the District of Columbia Teachers College . Christina attended Howard University for her undergraduate education and received a B.A. in Political Science in 1990 . Swarns then went on to receive her J.D. from the University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School in 1993 .
Six months after graduating from law school, Swarns began volunteering at the Legal Defense Fund . Recalling this experience, Swarns said, it was “the first time I felt I saw criminal law in its full capacity and power” . Swarns also worked with the Legal Aid Society and then the capital unit of the Philadelphia Federal Community Defender’s Office in the mid-1990s . In 2003, she accepted a position with the Legal Defense Fund . Before joining the Innocence Project, Swarns held positions as the Director of LDF’s Criminal Justice Project, Litigation Director of the NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc., and the Attorney-in-Charge of the Office of the Appellate Defender .
In 1997, Duane Buck, an African American man, was convicted of killing his ex-girlfriend, Debra Gardner, and one of her friends, Kenneth Butler, after arriving at her home armed with a rifle and shotgun on July 30, 1995 . Additionally, Buck shot and wounded his stepsister, who was also at Gardener’s home at the time of the incident . In an ill-attempt to prove that Buck wouldn’t commit acts like these again, his court-appointed attorney, Jerry Guerinot, called two psychologists as expert witnesses . One of the psychologists, Dr. Walter Quijano, used Buck’s race as a factor in determining the likelihood that he would commit similar actions again . For these actions, a Texas trial court jury opted to give Buck the death sentence as opposed to a life sentence .
After undergoing many death penalty appeals on the basis of the violation of Buck’s 6th Amendment right to effective assistance of counsel, the case landed in the Supreme Court of the United States and was argued on October 5, 2016, with Christiana Swarns as lead counsel . On February 22, 2017, the judgment was reversed and remanded in a 6-2 vote with Justice Thomas and Alito dissenting . In reflection of the trial, Swarns said, “I think it's a reminder given the history of race in the United States how that continues to play a powerful role and how it continues to influence decisions. And so that court's going forward have to be vigilant about making sure that kind of evidence is not admitted that it is not going to be tolerated by the United States Supreme Court” .
As one of Yarris’ attorneys, Swarns was able to use DNA evidence to exonerate Yarris from his abduction, rape and murder of Linda May Craig that put him on death row .
While working with the Legal Defense Fund, Swarns overturned Abu-Jamal's death sentence after the U.S. 3rd Circuit Court of Appeals ruled Abu-Jamal’s jury received flawed instructions and his death sentence was unconstitutional .
Christina has a daughter named Amina, who she adopted from Ethiopia as an infant .
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Christina Allison Swarns is an American lawyer and the Executive Director of the Innocence Project since September 8, 2020 . As of 2012, Swarns had seven convicted murderers taken off of death row, one of which was exonerated, three had their convictions overturned, and three had their sentences vacated . She received national media attention after her Supreme Court victory in Buck v. Davis, a case that overturned a death sentence on the grounds of unfair racial bias .",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Christina grew up in Staten Island with her two sisters Jessica and Rachel . Her mother, a Caribbean immigrant from the Bahamas, is a retired superintendent for the New York Department of Education . Her father was a real estate broker . Her parents met while her father was at Howard and when her mother was a student at what then was the District of Columbia Teachers College . Christina attended Howard University for her undergraduate education and received a B.A. in Political Science in 1990 . Swarns then went on to receive her J.D. from the University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School in 1993 .",
"title": "Early life and education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Six months after graduating from law school, Swarns began volunteering at the Legal Defense Fund . Recalling this experience, Swarns said, it was “the first time I felt I saw criminal law in its full capacity and power” . Swarns also worked with the Legal Aid Society and then the capital unit of the Philadelphia Federal Community Defender’s Office in the mid-1990s . In 2003, she accepted a position with the Legal Defense Fund . Before joining the Innocence Project, Swarns held positions as the Director of LDF’s Criminal Justice Project, Litigation Director of the NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc., and the Attorney-in-Charge of the Office of the Appellate Defender .",
"title": "Early career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In 1997, Duane Buck, an African American man, was convicted of killing his ex-girlfriend, Debra Gardner, and one of her friends, Kenneth Butler, after arriving at her home armed with a rifle and shotgun on July 30, 1995 . Additionally, Buck shot and wounded his stepsister, who was also at Gardener’s home at the time of the incident . In an ill-attempt to prove that Buck wouldn’t commit acts like these again, his court-appointed attorney, Jerry Guerinot, called two psychologists as expert witnesses . One of the psychologists, Dr. Walter Quijano, used Buck’s race as a factor in determining the likelihood that he would commit similar actions again . For these actions, a Texas trial court jury opted to give Buck the death sentence as opposed to a life sentence .",
"title": "Supreme Court trial"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "After undergoing many death penalty appeals on the basis of the violation of Buck’s 6th Amendment right to effective assistance of counsel, the case landed in the Supreme Court of the United States and was argued on October 5, 2016, with Christiana Swarns as lead counsel . On February 22, 2017, the judgment was reversed and remanded in a 6-2 vote with Justice Thomas and Alito dissenting . In reflection of the trial, Swarns said, “I think it's a reminder given the history of race in the United States how that continues to play a powerful role and how it continues to influence decisions. And so that court's going forward have to be vigilant about making sure that kind of evidence is not admitted that it is not going to be tolerated by the United States Supreme Court” .",
"title": "Supreme Court trial"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "As one of Yarris’ attorneys, Swarns was able to use DNA evidence to exonerate Yarris from his abduction, rape and murder of Linda May Craig that put him on death row .",
"title": "Other notable cases"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "While working with the Legal Defense Fund, Swarns overturned Abu-Jamal's death sentence after the U.S. 3rd Circuit Court of Appeals ruled Abu-Jamal’s jury received flawed instructions and his death sentence was unconstitutional .",
"title": "Other notable cases"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Christina has a daughter named Amina, who she adopted from Ethiopia as an infant .",
"title": "Personal Life"
}
] |
Christina Allison Swarns is an American lawyer and the Executive Director of the Innocence Project since September 8, 2020. As of 2012, Swarns had seven convicted murderers taken off of death row, one of which was exonerated, three had their convictions overturned, and three had their sentences vacated. She received national media attention after her Supreme Court victory in Buck v. Davis, a case that overturned a death sentence on the grounds of unfair racial bias.
|
2023-12-02T23:44:11Z
|
2023-12-14T18:25:42Z
|
[
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite news"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christina_Swarns
|
75,467,663 |
Swimming at the 2023 Pan American Games – Mixed 4 × 100 metre medley relay
|
The mixed 4 × 100 metre medley relay competition of the swimming events at the 2023 Pan American Games were held on October 23, 2023, at the Aquatic Center in Santiago, Chile.
Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan American Games records were as follows:
The highest eight scores advance to the final.
The final was held on October 23.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The mixed 4 × 100 metre medley relay competition of the swimming events at the 2023 Pan American Games were held on October 23, 2023, at the Aquatic Center in Santiago, Chile.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan American Games records were as follows:",
"title": "Records"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The highest eight scores advance to the final.",
"title": "Results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The final was held on October 23.",
"title": "Results"
}
] |
The mixed 4 × 100 metre medley relay competition of the swimming events at the 2023 Pan American Games were held on October 23, 2023, at the Aquatic Center in Santiago, Chile.
|
2023-12-02T23:44:56Z
|
2023-12-28T18:08:31Z
|
[
"Template:Infobox Pan American Games event",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Swimming at the 2023 Pan American Games",
"Template:Flagathlete",
"Template:FlagPASO",
"Template:Gold01",
"Template:Silver02",
"Template:Bronze03"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swimming_at_the_2023_Pan_American_Games_%E2%80%93_Mixed_4_%C3%97_100_metre_medley_relay
|
75,467,678 |
Howard Tabor
|
Howard Tabor (13 March 1893 – 5 April 1968) was an American politician.
Howard Tabor was born on 13 March 1893 to parents Ella and George Tabor. After graduating from Baldwin High School, Tabor enrolled at Cedar Rapids Business College, then returned to the family farm near Baldwin. Tabor served in the United States Navy during World War I, and married Sabula native Ella C. Peterson on 6 June 1923. The couple raised two sons. Jack worked alongside his father as a farmer, while James pursued education in medical field at the University of Iowa College of Medicine, and later moved to Englewood, Colorado.
Howard Tabor was a member of an Agricultural Adjustment Administration committee for seven years. Tabor was elected to his first term on the Iowa House of Representatives in 1958 as a Democratic Party candidate. He held the District 46 seat for three terms, from 12 January 1959 to 10 January 1965. Between 11 January 1965 and 8 January 1967, Tabor was a member of the Iowa Senate for District 19.
Tabor died on 5 April 1968, survived by his wife, sons, and three of his five siblings.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Howard Tabor (13 March 1893 – 5 April 1968) was an American politician.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Howard Tabor was born on 13 March 1893 to parents Ella and George Tabor. After graduating from Baldwin High School, Tabor enrolled at Cedar Rapids Business College, then returned to the family farm near Baldwin. Tabor served in the United States Navy during World War I, and married Sabula native Ella C. Peterson on 6 June 1923. The couple raised two sons. Jack worked alongside his father as a farmer, while James pursued education in medical field at the University of Iowa College of Medicine, and later moved to Englewood, Colorado.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Howard Tabor was a member of an Agricultural Adjustment Administration committee for seven years. Tabor was elected to his first term on the Iowa House of Representatives in 1958 as a Democratic Party candidate. He held the District 46 seat for three terms, from 12 January 1959 to 10 January 1965. Between 11 January 1965 and 8 January 1967, Tabor was a member of the Iowa Senate for District 19.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Tabor died on 5 April 1968, survived by his wife, sons, and three of his five siblings.",
"title": ""
}
] |
Howard Tabor was an American politician. Howard Tabor was born on 13 March 1893 to parents Ella and George Tabor. After graduating from Baldwin High School, Tabor enrolled at Cedar Rapids Business College, then returned to the family farm near Baldwin. Tabor served in the United States Navy during World War I, and married Sabula native Ella C. Peterson on 6 June 1923. The couple raised two sons. Jack worked alongside his father as a farmer, while James pursued education in medical field at the University of Iowa College of Medicine, and later moved to Englewood, Colorado. Howard Tabor was a member of an Agricultural Adjustment Administration committee for seven years. Tabor was elected to his first term on the Iowa House of Representatives in 1958 as a Democratic Party candidate. He held the District 46 seat for three terms, from 12 January 1959 to 10 January 1965. Between 11 January 1965 and 8 January 1967, Tabor was a member of the Iowa Senate for District 19. Tabor died on 5 April 1968, survived by his wife, sons, and three of his five siblings.
|
2023-12-02T23:47:28Z
|
2023-12-04T00:25:00Z
|
[
"Template:Authority control",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite news"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Tabor
|
75,467,688 |
Caledon East
|
Caledon East is a community (rural service centre) located within the town of Caledon, and within the municipality of Peel. It has a population of 5 575.
Caledon East is located in Ward 3 of Caledon. The area is surrounded by wetlands and marshes, and is home to small rivers and lakes. It is located northwest of Bolton.
The community was first settled in 1821. In 1877, a train station was built in the village part of the northern railway of Canada. By the next few years, five trains stopped daily at the station. Due to unknown reasons, the station was relocated in 1903. In 1971, the station was demolished permanently, and much of the rail right-of-way became the Caledon Trailway. The community became a police village and gained full independence in 1957. However, in 1974, following the dissolution and reduction of 10 municipalities to 3 in Peel Region, including Mississauga and Brampton, Caledon absorbed many small townlets and communities, including Caledon East. Currently, the community has many developpement plans in the north, south and west. In September 2023, a new community centre opened offering recreational amenities such a fitness gym and a spa.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Caledon East is a community (rural service centre) located within the town of Caledon, and within the municipality of Peel. It has a population of 5 575.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Caledon East is located in Ward 3 of Caledon. The area is surrounded by wetlands and marshes, and is home to small rivers and lakes. It is located northwest of Bolton.",
"title": "Geography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The community was first settled in 1821. In 1877, a train station was built in the village part of the northern railway of Canada. By the next few years, five trains stopped daily at the station. Due to unknown reasons, the station was relocated in 1903. In 1971, the station was demolished permanently, and much of the rail right-of-way became the Caledon Trailway. The community became a police village and gained full independence in 1957. However, in 1974, following the dissolution and reduction of 10 municipalities to 3 in Peel Region, including Mississauga and Brampton, Caledon absorbed many small townlets and communities, including Caledon East. Currently, the community has many developpement plans in the north, south and west. In September 2023, a new community centre opened offering recreational amenities such a fitness gym and a spa.",
"title": "History"
}
] |
Caledon East is a community located within the town of Caledon, and within the municipality of Peel. It has a population of 5 575.
|
2023-12-02T23:49:21Z
|
2023-12-04T18:39:34Z
|
[
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Improve categories",
"Template:Orphan",
"Template:Infobox settlement"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caledon_East
|
75,467,694 |
Ton Elias (journalist)
|
Anton "Ton" Elias (15 January 1921, Amsterdam – 28 October 1980, The Hague) was a Dutch journalist. He is best known as the first Dutch journalist to specialize in education.
Elias grew up in Amsterdam, where his father had a shoe store on Leidse Street. His mother died when he was three years old, and his father died when he was thirteen. He was taken in by his uncle and aunt, who lived in Hilversum.
In order to escape being pressed into forced labor during the German occupation of the Netherlands, he fled to the Pyrenees mountains via Paris in 1943. He wanted to travel to England via Spain in order to join the Princess Irene Brigade. He was betrayed by a ferryman and put in prison in Toulouse. From there he was transported to Buchenwald concentration camp via Compiègne. In November 1944 he escaped, but he was captured again within two weeks. As punishment he was put in a cell and after a month was put to work processing human waste. The camp was liberated on April 11, 1945.
In 1947, Elias joined the newspaper De Tijd. He worked as the chief of the editorial staff and specialized in education. He covered such topics as the Secondary Education Act (or Mammoth Act) and the development of Middenschool.
When De Tijd stopped being produced as a daily newspaper, Elias became the education editor for the NRC Handelsblad. At both papers he wrote a column called "Notebook" ("Cahier"), which was influential. Elias also wrote regularly about concentration camps, partly based on his own experiences at Buchenwald.
From 1950 to 1970, Elias wrote theater reviews for the Katholieke Illustratie.
In 1967, Elias was awarded the M. van Blankenstein Prize. In 1970 he was made a knight in the Order of Orange-Nassau.
He died on 28 October 1980.
In 1982, Elias's widow donated his papers to the Dutch Ministry of Education. His papers were then transferred to the National Education Museum in 1992.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Anton \"Ton\" Elias (15 January 1921, Amsterdam – 28 October 1980, The Hague) was a Dutch journalist. He is best known as the first Dutch journalist to specialize in education.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Elias grew up in Amsterdam, where his father had a shoe store on Leidse Street. His mother died when he was three years old, and his father died when he was thirteen. He was taken in by his uncle and aunt, who lived in Hilversum.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In order to escape being pressed into forced labor during the German occupation of the Netherlands, he fled to the Pyrenees mountains via Paris in 1943. He wanted to travel to England via Spain in order to join the Princess Irene Brigade. He was betrayed by a ferryman and put in prison in Toulouse. From there he was transported to Buchenwald concentration camp via Compiègne. In November 1944 he escaped, but he was captured again within two weeks. As punishment he was put in a cell and after a month was put to work processing human waste. The camp was liberated on April 11, 1945.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In 1947, Elias joined the newspaper De Tijd. He worked as the chief of the editorial staff and specialized in education. He covered such topics as the Secondary Education Act (or Mammoth Act) and the development of Middenschool.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "When De Tijd stopped being produced as a daily newspaper, Elias became the education editor for the NRC Handelsblad. At both papers he wrote a column called \"Notebook\" (\"Cahier\"), which was influential. Elias also wrote regularly about concentration camps, partly based on his own experiences at Buchenwald.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "From 1950 to 1970, Elias wrote theater reviews for the Katholieke Illustratie.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "In 1967, Elias was awarded the M. van Blankenstein Prize. In 1970 he was made a knight in the Order of Orange-Nassau.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "He died on 28 October 1980.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "In 1982, Elias's widow donated his papers to the Dutch Ministry of Education. His papers were then transferred to the National Education Museum in 1992.",
"title": "Archive"
}
] |
Anton "Ton" Elias was a Dutch journalist. He is best known as the first Dutch journalist to specialize in education.
|
2023-12-02T23:50:20Z
|
2023-12-24T12:13:19Z
|
[
"Template:Authority control",
"Template:About",
"Template:Expand Dutch",
"Template:Infobox presenter",
"Template:Citation needed",
"Template:Cite news"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ton_Elias_(journalist)
|
75,467,714 |
Guy Ferre the Elder
|
Guy Ferre the Elder (died 1303) was an English nobleman.
Guy served King Henry III and Queen Eleanor of Provence, who paid him to accompany their second son, Edmund Crouchback, on the Crusade of 1271. After Edward I succeeded Henry III in 1272, Guy remained in Eleanor's household first as a knight and later as her steward until her retirement to Amesbury Priory in 1286. On 23 November 1275, the king by letters patent authorized Guy to hold for life the manor of Witley that Eleanor had given him. In 1279, Eleanor gave him and his wife Joan, daughter of Thomas Fitz-Otto, the manor of Fakenham. In 1290, at Eleanor's request, Guy was appointed a justice to investigate the mismanagement of her properties by her officials. In her will, he was named as one of her executors. He was still acting that capacity as late as January 1303.
From perhaps as early as 1293 and certainly by 1295, Guy was an advisor of Prince Edward of Carnarvon "by the king's special order". In 1295, at the oubtreak of war with France, the sheriff of Norfolk seized some of Guy's property in accordance with the king's order against "all alien laymen of the power of the king of France". In December, Edward I ordered the sheriff to restore Guy's property since Guy was "not in the power of the king of France and never adhered to him against the king at any time." At the same time, Guy intervened on behalf of a foreign priest of Wood Norton named Reymund, who daily said mass at Amesbury for the soul of Eleanor and was likewise exempted from the king's order.
Guy accompanied Edward of Carnarvon during the English invasion of Scotland in 1300. His nephew, Guy Ferre the Younger, was also present. They are both recorded in the Galloway Roll, where the elder's canting arms are described as "gules a mill-rind (fer de moulyn) ermine". His nephew's were the same but with an added baton azure. Uncle and nephew appear some 300 times in contemporary sources but are only occasionally distinguished as elder (senior) and younger (iunior). The elder Guy died in the spring of 1303 while accompanying the prince north for another campaign in Scotland. A mass was said for his soul on 14 April at Durham.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Guy Ferre the Elder (died 1303) was an English nobleman.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Guy served King Henry III and Queen Eleanor of Provence, who paid him to accompany their second son, Edmund Crouchback, on the Crusade of 1271. After Edward I succeeded Henry III in 1272, Guy remained in Eleanor's household first as a knight and later as her steward until her retirement to Amesbury Priory in 1286. On 23 November 1275, the king by letters patent authorized Guy to hold for life the manor of Witley that Eleanor had given him. In 1279, Eleanor gave him and his wife Joan, daughter of Thomas Fitz-Otto, the manor of Fakenham. In 1290, at Eleanor's request, Guy was appointed a justice to investigate the mismanagement of her properties by her officials. In her will, he was named as one of her executors. He was still acting that capacity as late as January 1303.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "From perhaps as early as 1293 and certainly by 1295, Guy was an advisor of Prince Edward of Carnarvon \"by the king's special order\". In 1295, at the oubtreak of war with France, the sheriff of Norfolk seized some of Guy's property in accordance with the king's order against \"all alien laymen of the power of the king of France\". In December, Edward I ordered the sheriff to restore Guy's property since Guy was \"not in the power of the king of France and never adhered to him against the king at any time.\" At the same time, Guy intervened on behalf of a foreign priest of Wood Norton named Reymund, who daily said mass at Amesbury for the soul of Eleanor and was likewise exempted from the king's order.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Guy accompanied Edward of Carnarvon during the English invasion of Scotland in 1300. His nephew, Guy Ferre the Younger, was also present. They are both recorded in the Galloway Roll, where the elder's canting arms are described as \"gules a mill-rind (fer de moulyn) ermine\". His nephew's were the same but with an added baton azure. Uncle and nephew appear some 300 times in contemporary sources but are only occasionally distinguished as elder (senior) and younger (iunior). The elder Guy died in the spring of 1303 while accompanying the prince north for another campaign in Scotland. A mass was said for his soul on 14 April at Durham.",
"title": ""
}
] |
Guy Ferre the Elder was an English nobleman. Guy served King Henry III and Queen Eleanor of Provence, who paid him to accompany their second son, Edmund Crouchback, on the Crusade of 1271. After Edward I succeeded Henry III in 1272, Guy remained in Eleanor's household first as a knight and later as her steward until her retirement to Amesbury Priory in 1286. On 23 November 1275, the king by letters patent authorized Guy to hold for life the manor of Witley that Eleanor had given him. In 1279, Eleanor gave him and his wife Joan, daughter of Thomas Fitz-Otto, the manor of Fakenham. In 1290, at Eleanor's request, Guy was appointed a justice to investigate the mismanagement of her properties by her officials. In her will, he was named as one of her executors. He was still acting that capacity as late as January 1303. From perhaps as early as 1293 and certainly by 1295, Guy was an advisor of Prince Edward of Carnarvon "by the king's special order". In 1295, at the oubtreak of war with France, the sheriff of Norfolk seized some of Guy's property in accordance with the king's order against "all alien laymen of the power of the king of France". In December, Edward I ordered the sheriff to restore Guy's property since Guy was "not in the power of the king of France and never adhered to him against the king at any time." At the same time, Guy intervened on behalf of a foreign priest of Wood Norton named Reymund, who daily said mass at Amesbury for the soul of Eleanor and was likewise exempted from the king's order. Guy accompanied Edward of Carnarvon during the English invasion of Scotland in 1300. His nephew, Guy Ferre the Younger, was also present. They are both recorded in the Galloway Roll, where the elder's canting arms are described as "gules a mill-rind ermine". His nephew's were the same but with an added baton azure. Uncle and nephew appear some 300 times in contemporary sources but are only occasionally distinguished as elder (senior) and younger (iunior). The elder Guy died in the spring of 1303 while accompanying the prince north for another campaign in Scotland. A mass was said for his soul on 14 April at Durham.
|
2023-12-02T23:52:34Z
|
2023-12-05T15:12:49Z
|
[
"Template:Reflist"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy_Ferre_the_Elder
|
75,467,768 |
Pelagie (name)
|
Pelagie (or Pélagie) is a name, derived from the Greek Pelagia; its meaning refers to the sea.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Pelagie (or Pélagie) is a name, derived from the Greek Pelagia; its meaning refers to the sea.",
"title": ""
}
] |
Pelagie is a name, derived from the Greek Pelagia; its meaning refers to the sea.
|
2023-12-02T23:59:31Z
|
2023-12-03T02:42:42Z
|
[] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelagie_(name)
|
75,467,785 |
Lassie Singers
|
The Lassie Singers are an indie-pop band from Berlin-Kreuzberg that was active from 1988 to 1998. Their musical style was in between the Hamburger Schule and Neue Deutsche Welle. The Lassie Singers have been called the first German girl-band. The band’s lyrics often use bitter humor to describe clichéd romantic relationships from a feminist perspective. For example, popular songs of written by the Lassie singers include: Die Pärchenlüge (English translation: the couple-lie), Mein zukünftiger Exfreund (English translation: My future ex-boyfriend), and Liebe wird oft überbewertet (English translation: Love is over valued).
The Lassie Singers’ largest commercial success came with the 1994 single Es ist so schade (English translation: It is too bad), peaking at number 24 in the Austrian Charts. They released four studio albums, the first of which was released on Columbia Records; their final three studio albums were released on Dragnet Records, a sub-label of Sony Music Germany.
The founding members of the Lassie Singers were Christiane Rösinger, Almut Klotz, Heiner Weiß, Kathrin Fitzner (aka Kathrin Witzleben), and Funny van Dannen. The band had three front-women, and Rösinger wrote the band's song lyrics. van Dannen was only a member of the Lassie Singers for a short time; Herman Herrmann later joined the band as a guitarist. The band name refers to the American TV series Lassie. Over a period of years the Lassie Singers worked with many different well-known German pop-artists, including Bernd Begemann, King Rocko Schamoni, Die Regierung, Eff Jott Krüger (Ideal), and Jochen Distelmeyer (of Blumfeld).
Their first album Die Lassie Singers helfen Dir (English translation: "The Lassie Singers help you") was released in 1991. This was quickly followed by Sei À Gogo in 1992, and then Stadt, Land, Verbrechen in 1994. In 1996, the Lassie singers released the album Hotel Hotel, which was produced by Thomas Meinecke and recorded by Chris von Rautenkranz.
In 1998 the Lassie Singers broke up. Almut Klotz and Christiane Rösinger opened the record label Flittchen Records. Rösinger founded the band Britta and since 2010 has released two solo albums under her own name. Klotz and Sandra Grether founded the riot-grrl band Parole Trixi. Klotz also founded the band Maxi unter Menschen with Maximilian Hecker, and played as a duo with Christian Dabeler called Klotz+Dabeler. In 2013 Klotz died of breast cancer. In 2020 Christiane Rösinger won the Rio Reiser Sonderstipendium from the Musicboard Berlin.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Lassie Singers are an indie-pop band from Berlin-Kreuzberg that was active from 1988 to 1998. Their musical style was in between the Hamburger Schule and Neue Deutsche Welle. The Lassie Singers have been called the first German girl-band. The band’s lyrics often use bitter humor to describe clichéd romantic relationships from a feminist perspective. For example, popular songs of written by the Lassie singers include: Die Pärchenlüge (English translation: the couple-lie), Mein zukünftiger Exfreund (English translation: My future ex-boyfriend), and Liebe wird oft überbewertet (English translation: Love is over valued).",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The Lassie Singers’ largest commercial success came with the 1994 single Es ist so schade (English translation: It is too bad), peaking at number 24 in the Austrian Charts. They released four studio albums, the first of which was released on Columbia Records; their final three studio albums were released on Dragnet Records, a sub-label of Sony Music Germany.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The founding members of the Lassie Singers were Christiane Rösinger, Almut Klotz, Heiner Weiß, Kathrin Fitzner (aka Kathrin Witzleben), and Funny van Dannen. The band had three front-women, and Rösinger wrote the band's song lyrics. van Dannen was only a member of the Lassie Singers for a short time; Herman Herrmann later joined the band as a guitarist. The band name refers to the American TV series Lassie. Over a period of years the Lassie Singers worked with many different well-known German pop-artists, including Bernd Begemann, King Rocko Schamoni, Die Regierung, Eff Jott Krüger (Ideal), and Jochen Distelmeyer (of Blumfeld).",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Their first album Die Lassie Singers helfen Dir (English translation: \"The Lassie Singers help you\") was released in 1991. This was quickly followed by Sei À Gogo in 1992, and then Stadt, Land, Verbrechen in 1994. In 1996, the Lassie singers released the album Hotel Hotel, which was produced by Thomas Meinecke and recorded by Chris von Rautenkranz.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In 1998 the Lassie Singers broke up. Almut Klotz and Christiane Rösinger opened the record label Flittchen Records. Rösinger founded the band Britta and since 2010 has released two solo albums under her own name. Klotz and Sandra Grether founded the riot-grrl band Parole Trixi. Klotz also founded the band Maxi unter Menschen with Maximilian Hecker, and played as a duo with Christian Dabeler called Klotz+Dabeler. In 2013 Klotz died of breast cancer. In 2020 Christiane Rösinger won the Rio Reiser Sonderstipendium from the Musicboard Berlin.",
"title": "History"
}
] |
The Lassie Singers are an indie-pop band from Berlin-Kreuzberg that was active from 1988 to 1998. Their musical style was in between the Hamburger Schule and Neue Deutsche Welle. The Lassie Singers have been called the first German girl-band. The band’s lyrics often use bitter humor to describe clichéd romantic relationships from a feminist perspective. For example, popular songs of written by the Lassie singers include: Die Pärchenlüge, Mein zukünftiger Exfreund, and Liebe wird oft überbewertet. The Lassie Singers’ largest commercial success came with the 1994 single Es ist so schade, peaking at number 24 in the Austrian Charts. They released four studio albums, the first of which was released on Columbia Records; their final three studio albums were released on Dragnet Records, a sub-label of Sony Music Germany.
|
2023-12-03T00:02:06Z
|
2023-12-03T10:47:02Z
|
[
"Template:Infobox musical artist",
"Template:Cite web"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lassie_Singers
|
75,467,795 |
Church of Saint Nicholas the Wonderworker, Sabirabad
|
The Church of Saint Nicholas the Wonderworker (Церковь Святителя Николая Чудотворца, Müqəddəs Möcüzəyaradan Nikolay kilsəsi) is a Russian Orthodox Church located in the former settlement of Petropavlovka (now the city of Sabirabad), created in the historical region of Qalaqayın.
In the 80s of the 19th century, the first Russian settlers began to appear in the Mughan plain. At first, they leased state-owned land for farming, and when the number of settlers began to increase, they applied to the government for permission to use these lands. Thus, the first Russian villages and settlements gradually began to appear on Mughan. The government not only provided material support to the settlers, but also met their spiritual needs. There was a need to build Orthodox churches. One of the first Russian villages in Mughan was Petropavlovka village of Javad uezd, located at the confluence of Kura and Aras. Previously, this place was occupied by the city of Javad, which was the center of the Javad Khanate, founded in 1747. In 1768, it became dependent on the Guba Khanate. In 1778, the city was captured and looted by Gilan Khan Hidayatullah Khan, who opposed Guba Khan Fatali Khan. Some of the captured residents were taken to Rasht and Anzali to perform agricultural work. Javad was destroyed and never regained its former position and importance. In 1805, the territory of the Javad Khanate was joined to the Russian Empire. In 1868, attempts were made to restore the city. In the same year, the emergency government began to operate here, space was allocated for the construction of administrative buildings, and work began. In order to quickly revive Javad and attract the Orthodox, it was decided to build an Orthodox church in Javad, and the military governor of Baku, Lieutenant General N. N. Kolyubakin, on December 4, 1870, asked the Georgian Exarch, Archbishop Eusebius, for permission to build a temple. After receiving the consent of the Exarch, as well as the governor of the Caucasus, Grand Duke Mikhail Nikolayevich, the construction began. On February 26, 1871, the foundation stone of the temple was laid in honor of the holy apostles Peter and Paul. According to the calculations of the architect Chizhov, 11,587 rubles were allocated from the treasury for the construction of the church. The author of the church project was state engineer A. I. Bardin, and the construction was carried out under his supervision.
The church was built in the shape of a ship with a Russian-Byzantine bell tower on a stone foundation 9 cubits 2 cubits long (about 21 m) and four cubits (8.5 m) wide. The walls of the temple are made of baked bricks with a height of two fathoms and three quarters of an arshi (about 5 m). The church had 4 doors and 10 windows. The building is covered with an iron roof, the octagonal dome is made of wood, the lamp and head are also made of wood and covered with tin. The bell tower directly adjacent to the church was 9 cubits (about 19 m) high and covered with a wooden dome covered with an iron roof. The crosses were wooden, replaced by openwork irons in 1904. By 1905, the bell tower had 5 bells, the largest of which weighed 30 pounds and 2 pounds (about 490 kg).
The church, built in 1875, remained unconsecrated for a long time. The government of uezd was moved to Salyan for many administrative reasons, and there were still no Orthodox Christians in Javad. Only in 1887, the first settlers appeared in Javad, several families began to request the consecration of the temple. By that time, the building already required some repairs, and the temple still lacked an iconostasis. The Baku Governorate allocated 671 rubles 64 kopecks for the needs of the Javad church. With this money, a one-tier wooden iconostasis with signs from the Moscow painting was purchased, a linden altar was installed, three bells and the necessary items for the consecration of the church were purchased. On May 9, 1888, the dean of Baku governorate, Archpriest Alexander Yunitsky consecrated the temple in honor of Nicholas the Wonderworker. The displaced wanted to give a new name to the temple themselves. Due to the small size of the church, a permanent priest was not assigned to the newly consecrated church.
In 1887, by the order of A.M. Dondukov-Korsakov, the commander-in-chief of the civilian unit in the Caucasus, the city of Javad was abolished. A group of new settlers was allowed to settle in its place. Since 1892, instead of Javad as the center, the Russian village that arose in the territory of Qalaqayın was called Petropavlovka (right bank of the junction). The number of visitors to the Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker increased and the need to organize an independent church arose. In 1892, priest Iohan Meiparianov became the first priest of the church. A psalmist was also appointed. The salary received from the treasury was 450 rubles per year for the priest, and 150 rubles for the psalmist. Reverend Iohan Meiparianov served in Petropavlovka for almost a year and died of typhus on January 22, 1893, and was buried in the church fence. In the same year, priest Abraham Abazadze was appointed to the church, which built a small three-room reed building in the temple, and a parochial school was established in one of the rooms. His successor, priest Dmitri Kirichenko, appointed to Petropavlovka in 1901, appealed to the governor of Baku to build a clergy house. The application was granted and in 1903 a three-room mud brick house was built. A Bible altar in a gilded silver frame and silver dishes were purchased for the church at the expense of the donor State Counselor N.I. Kolosov. Over time, all the necessary sacramental accessories, vessels and liturgical books were acquired. The church had a small library with theological and historical books. It is not known what happened to the temple during the Soviet period, it does not exist now.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Church of Saint Nicholas the Wonderworker (Церковь Святителя Николая Чудотворца, Müqəddəs Möcüzəyaradan Nikolay kilsəsi) is a Russian Orthodox Church located in the former settlement of Petropavlovka (now the city of Sabirabad), created in the historical region of Qalaqayın.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In the 80s of the 19th century, the first Russian settlers began to appear in the Mughan plain. At first, they leased state-owned land for farming, and when the number of settlers began to increase, they applied to the government for permission to use these lands. Thus, the first Russian villages and settlements gradually began to appear on Mughan. The government not only provided material support to the settlers, but also met their spiritual needs. There was a need to build Orthodox churches. One of the first Russian villages in Mughan was Petropavlovka village of Javad uezd, located at the confluence of Kura and Aras. Previously, this place was occupied by the city of Javad, which was the center of the Javad Khanate, founded in 1747. In 1768, it became dependent on the Guba Khanate. In 1778, the city was captured and looted by Gilan Khan Hidayatullah Khan, who opposed Guba Khan Fatali Khan. Some of the captured residents were taken to Rasht and Anzali to perform agricultural work. Javad was destroyed and never regained its former position and importance. In 1805, the territory of the Javad Khanate was joined to the Russian Empire. In 1868, attempts were made to restore the city. In the same year, the emergency government began to operate here, space was allocated for the construction of administrative buildings, and work began. In order to quickly revive Javad and attract the Orthodox, it was decided to build an Orthodox church in Javad, and the military governor of Baku, Lieutenant General N. N. Kolyubakin, on December 4, 1870, asked the Georgian Exarch, Archbishop Eusebius, for permission to build a temple. After receiving the consent of the Exarch, as well as the governor of the Caucasus, Grand Duke Mikhail Nikolayevich, the construction began. On February 26, 1871, the foundation stone of the temple was laid in honor of the holy apostles Peter and Paul. According to the calculations of the architect Chizhov, 11,587 rubles were allocated from the treasury for the construction of the church. The author of the church project was state engineer A. I. Bardin, and the construction was carried out under his supervision.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The church was built in the shape of a ship with a Russian-Byzantine bell tower on a stone foundation 9 cubits 2 cubits long (about 21 m) and four cubits (8.5 m) wide. The walls of the temple are made of baked bricks with a height of two fathoms and three quarters of an arshi (about 5 m). The church had 4 doors and 10 windows. The building is covered with an iron roof, the octagonal dome is made of wood, the lamp and head are also made of wood and covered with tin. The bell tower directly adjacent to the church was 9 cubits (about 19 m) high and covered with a wooden dome covered with an iron roof. The crosses were wooden, replaced by openwork irons in 1904. By 1905, the bell tower had 5 bells, the largest of which weighed 30 pounds and 2 pounds (about 490 kg).",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The church, built in 1875, remained unconsecrated for a long time. The government of uezd was moved to Salyan for many administrative reasons, and there were still no Orthodox Christians in Javad. Only in 1887, the first settlers appeared in Javad, several families began to request the consecration of the temple. By that time, the building already required some repairs, and the temple still lacked an iconostasis. The Baku Governorate allocated 671 rubles 64 kopecks for the needs of the Javad church. With this money, a one-tier wooden iconostasis with signs from the Moscow painting was purchased, a linden altar was installed, three bells and the necessary items for the consecration of the church were purchased. On May 9, 1888, the dean of Baku governorate, Archpriest Alexander Yunitsky consecrated the temple in honor of Nicholas the Wonderworker. The displaced wanted to give a new name to the temple themselves. Due to the small size of the church, a permanent priest was not assigned to the newly consecrated church.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In 1887, by the order of A.M. Dondukov-Korsakov, the commander-in-chief of the civilian unit in the Caucasus, the city of Javad was abolished. A group of new settlers was allowed to settle in its place. Since 1892, instead of Javad as the center, the Russian village that arose in the territory of Qalaqayın was called Petropavlovka (right bank of the junction). The number of visitors to the Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker increased and the need to organize an independent church arose. In 1892, priest Iohan Meiparianov became the first priest of the church. A psalmist was also appointed. The salary received from the treasury was 450 rubles per year for the priest, and 150 rubles for the psalmist. Reverend Iohan Meiparianov served in Petropavlovka for almost a year and died of typhus on January 22, 1893, and was buried in the church fence. In the same year, priest Abraham Abazadze was appointed to the church, which built a small three-room reed building in the temple, and a parochial school was established in one of the rooms. His successor, priest Dmitri Kirichenko, appointed to Petropavlovka in 1901, appealed to the governor of Baku to build a clergy house. The application was granted and in 1903 a three-room mud brick house was built. A Bible altar in a gilded silver frame and silver dishes were purchased for the church at the expense of the donor State Counselor N.I. Kolosov. Over time, all the necessary sacramental accessories, vessels and liturgical books were acquired. The church had a small library with theological and historical books. It is not known what happened to the temple during the Soviet period, it does not exist now.",
"title": ""
}
] |
The Church of Saint Nicholas the Wonderworker is a Russian Orthodox Church located in the former settlement of Petropavlovka, created in the historical region of Qalaqayın. In the 80s of the 19th century, the first Russian settlers began to appear in the Mughan plain. At first, they leased state-owned land for farming, and when the number of settlers began to increase, they applied to the government for permission to use these lands. Thus, the first Russian villages and settlements gradually began to appear on Mughan. The government not only provided material support to the settlers, but also met their spiritual needs. There was a need to build Orthodox churches. One of the first Russian villages in Mughan was Petropavlovka village of Javad uezd, located at the confluence of Kura and Aras. Previously, this place was occupied by the city of Javad, which was the center of the Javad Khanate, founded in 1747. In 1768, it became dependent on the Guba Khanate. In 1778, the city was captured and looted by Gilan Khan Hidayatullah Khan, who opposed Guba Khan Fatali Khan. Some of the captured residents were taken to Rasht and Anzali to perform agricultural work. Javad was destroyed and never regained its former position and importance. In 1805, the territory of the Javad Khanate was joined to the Russian Empire. In 1868, attempts were made to restore the city. In the same year, the emergency government began to operate here, space was allocated for the construction of administrative buildings, and work began. In order to quickly revive Javad and attract the Orthodox, it was decided to build an Orthodox church in Javad, and the military governor of Baku, Lieutenant General N. N. Kolyubakin, on December 4, 1870, asked the Georgian Exarch, Archbishop Eusebius, for permission to build a temple. After receiving the consent of the Exarch, as well as the governor of the Caucasus, Grand Duke Mikhail Nikolayevich, the construction began. On February 26, 1871, the foundation stone of the temple was laid in honor of the holy apostles Peter and Paul. According to the calculations of the architect Chizhov, 11,587 rubles were allocated from the treasury for the construction of the church. The author of the church project was state engineer A. I. Bardin, and the construction was carried out under his supervision. The church was built in the shape of a ship with a Russian-Byzantine bell tower on a stone foundation 9 cubits 2 cubits long and four cubits wide. The walls of the temple are made of baked bricks with a height of two fathoms and three quarters of an arshi. The church had 4 doors and 10 windows. The building is covered with an iron roof, the octagonal dome is made of wood, the lamp and head are also made of wood and covered with tin. The bell tower directly adjacent to the church was 9 cubits high and covered with a wooden dome covered with an iron roof. The crosses were wooden, replaced by openwork irons in 1904. By 1905, the bell tower had 5 bells, the largest of which weighed 30 pounds and 2 pounds. The church, built in 1875, remained unconsecrated for a long time. The government of uezd was moved to Salyan for many administrative reasons, and there were still no Orthodox Christians in Javad. Only in 1887, the first settlers appeared in Javad, several families began to request the consecration of the temple. By that time, the building already required some repairs, and the temple still lacked an iconostasis. The Baku Governorate allocated 671 rubles 64 kopecks for the needs of the Javad church. With this money, a one-tier wooden iconostasis with signs from the Moscow painting was purchased, a linden altar was installed, three bells and the necessary items for the consecration of the church were purchased. On May 9, 1888, the dean of Baku governorate, Archpriest Alexander Yunitsky consecrated the temple in honor of Nicholas the Wonderworker. The displaced wanted to give a new name to the temple themselves. Due to the small size of the church, a permanent priest was not assigned to the newly consecrated church. In 1887, by the order of A.M. Dondukov-Korsakov, the commander-in-chief of the civilian unit in the Caucasus, the city of Javad was abolished. A group of new settlers was allowed to settle in its place. Since 1892, instead of Javad as the center, the Russian village that arose in the territory of Qalaqayın was called Petropavlovka. The number of visitors to the Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker increased and the need to organize an independent church arose. In 1892, priest Iohan Meiparianov became the first priest of the church. A psalmist was also appointed. The salary received from the treasury was 450 rubles per year for the priest, and 150 rubles for the psalmist. Reverend Iohan Meiparianov served in Petropavlovka for almost a year and died of typhus on January 22, 1893, and was buried in the church fence. In the same year, priest Abraham Abazadze was appointed to the church, which built a small three-room reed building in the temple, and a parochial school was established in one of the rooms. His successor, priest Dmitri Kirichenko, appointed to Petropavlovka in 1901, appealed to the governor of Baku to build a clergy house. The application was granted and in 1903 a three-room mud brick house was built. A Bible altar in a gilded silver frame and silver dishes were purchased for the church at the expense of the donor State Counselor N.I. Kolosov. Over time, all the necessary sacramental accessories, vessels and liturgical books were acquired. The church had a small library with theological and historical books. It is not known what happened to the temple during the Soviet period, it does not exist now.
|
2023-12-03T00:04:46Z
|
2024-01-01T00:54:05Z
|
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_Saint_Nicholas_the_Wonderworker,_Sabirabad
|
75,467,797 |
2024 Daniil Medvedev tennis season
|
The 2024 Daniil Medvedev tennis season will officially begin on 14 January 2024, with the start of the Australian Open in Melbourne.
This table chronicles all the matches of Daniil Medvedev in 2024
Per Daniil Medvedev, this is his current 2024 schedule (subject to change).
Daniil Medvedev has a 0–0 ATP match win–loss record in the 2024 season. His record against players who were part of the ATP rankings Top Ten at the time of their meetings is 0–0 . Bold indicates player was ranked top 10 at the time of at least one meeting. The following list is ordered by number of wins:
Figures in United States dollars (USD) unless noted.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2024 Daniil Medvedev tennis season will officially begin on 14 January 2024, with the start of the Australian Open in Melbourne.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "This table chronicles all the matches of Daniil Medvedev in 2024",
"title": "All matches"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Per Daniil Medvedev, this is his current 2024 schedule (subject to change).",
"title": "Schedule"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Daniil Medvedev has a 0–0 ATP match win–loss record in the 2024 season. His record against players who were part of the ATP rankings Top Ten at the time of their meetings is 0–0 . Bold indicates player was ranked top 10 at the time of at least one meeting. The following list is ordered by number of wins:",
"title": "Yearly records"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Figures in United States dollars (USD) unless noted.",
"title": "Yearly records"
}
] |
The 2024 Daniil Medvedev tennis season will officially begin on 14 January 2024, with the start of the Australian Open in Melbourne.
|
2023-12-03T00:05:07Z
|
2023-12-21T08:21:00Z
|
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Daniil_Medvedev_tennis_season
|
75,467,937 |
Igor Krutogolov
|
Igor Krutogolov (born 1976, Tashkent, Uzbekistan) is an Israeli musician, composer, multi-instrumentalist, singer, songwriter, producer, graphic designer, artist, the founder and the leader of the bands Kruzenshtern & Parohod (KIP) and Igor Krutogolov’s Toy Orchestra.
Igor Krutogolov was born in 1976 in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. His love for music started at the age of 12, when he first listened to Shostakovich's Symphony No. 8. In 1989, he played drums in a local punk band in Tashkent. After he finished school in 1992, he immigrated with his parents to Israel.
Igor Krutogolov started his music career soon after he immigrated to Israel. Beginning in 1997, he took an active part in the Israeli indie music scene under the nickname Igor18 as a composer, bass player, vocalist and an album cover designer. Krutogolov collaborated with a number of Israeli musicians including Ruslan Gross, Vadim Gusis, Vera Agnivolok, Slava Smelivskiy, and Anton Weiss. He played bass guitar, drums and experimented with unconventional musical instruments (saw, bow, children's toys etc.).
Together with his friend Ruslan Gross, a clarinetist and bassist with Rabies Caste, whom he met in 1995, Krutogolov joined the Israeli experimental project The Crossfishes, which united Israeli underground musicians and recorded live improvisational jazz and noise sessions. Krutogolov also joined the Israeli neo-folk band Agnivolok as a bassist. He took part in recording the band's first album, Sculptor, released by the German label Stateart in 2001. The album was later reissued by the Israeli label Eastern Front in 2006. Krutogolov also appeared on Agnivolok's second album, Cherries, recorded in 2001 and released by Eastern Front in 2006. The album’s first track, "The Golden Skull", premiered on the collection of Israeli post-industrial music Tel Aviv Aftermath (2002), a first release of the Israeli label Topheth Prophet. This collection includes other Krutogolov's early works: the track "Make Law" with New Jerusalem Defense Force, the track "Live 23.10.2001", a part of a live performance by The Crossfishes, and the outstanding solo track "About A Man Falling Apart". Krutogolov also appeared on electronic collection albums Intercontinental Zvukoprocessing (2004) (with his solo tracks "Hunt For Butterflies" and "-+") and Grannittin (2006) (with a solo track "Gurtuk"). In 2005, Krutogolov participated in The Crossfishes' live performance, recorded at the Vortex club in Tel Aviv and released on the collection album Noisemass 2005 in 2006 by Topheth Prophet. In 2006, Igor Krutogolov released the album Festivemood on the German label Apocalyptic Radio, recorded at the live performance with Ruslan Gross and Anton Weiss in Tel Aviv.
Igor Krutogolov closely collaborated with Israeli musician Vadim Gusis (Chaos As Shelter) on a number of electronic projects. In 2002, Krutogolov and Gusis released the album Locust Wind on the Italian label Pre Feed. In 2003, they worked with American musician David Brownstead (Tidal) on the album Ingathering of Exile, released by the American label Ground Fault Recordings. In July 2003, Krutogolov and Gusis collaborated with Eric Wood (Bastard Noise) and recorded the album The Geometry of Soul, released by Topheth Prophet. Krutogolov and Gusis also appeared together on electronic collections Infernal Proteus (2002) and Tonal Destruction [II] (2003), both released on American labels.
In 2005, Krutogolov and Gusis joined the collaboration project of the Israeli avant-garde band Grundik+Slava, with Israeli singer Victoria Hanna, for the album Frogs, a joint release by Topheth Prophet and Auris Media Records. Hanna's improvised recordings were combined with synthesized ambient electronics, noise improvisations, drone organics and tribal ethnic rhythms. Krutogolov also took part in a recorded jazz concert Live at Levontin 07.04.2008 (2009) with Grundik Kasyansky and Slava Smelovsky (Grundik+Slava).
In 2009, Krutogolov joined Vadim Gusis's new electronic project, Thunderwheel, and recorded two albums: Credo (2009) and Lumberjack Blues (2010). The latter was also released on LP. Credo received many positive reviews in a number of musical magazines in different languages (Judas Kiss, Gothtronic, Musique Machine, Darkroom Magazine and others). The special feature of the album is the use of unconventional musical instruments such as analogue synthesizer, termenvox and the saw played by Igor and giving a special sounding to the album. Krutogolov also played the bass, guitar, percussions and sang on the albums.
Igor Krutogolov played at numerous avant-rock and jazz festivals and venues in collaboration with Japanese and Israeli jazz musicians: Kazuyuki Kishino (KK Null), Kazutoki Umezu, Tatsuya Yoshida, Assif Tsahar, Haggai Fershtman (Monotonix), Daniel Sarid, Ariel Armoni, and Ariel Shiboleth. Some of the live improvisation shows were recorded and released as albums: Live in The Head (2008), with Japanese drummer Tatsuya Yoshida and Israeli saxophonist Assif Tsahar, Hot Exhaust (2010) and Cold Exhaust (2020), with Assif Tsahar and the Israeli drummer Haggai Fershtman, Live At Levontin 7 (2012), with the Israeli pianist Daniel Sarid and the Israeli drummer Ariel Armoni; and Quit Silence (2020) with the Israeli saxophonist Ariel Shibolet.
Krutogolov recorded several albums with the Japanese writer and experimentalist Kenji Siratori: Chaos Cell, Ancient Device (2009), Archaic Sky (2009), and WHNZ:15:KATER/Dark Water (2010). The albums are the stories narrated by Kenji Siratori to Krutogolov's electronic dark-ambient music (organ, acoustic guitar, strings, percussion, sound effects).
In 2013, Krutogolov collaborated with Israeli klezmer-punk-rock band Habiluim on the album Hora Haslama! (on saw and horn).
In 2018, Krutogolov recorded an experimental 12-minute cover of the song "Vesyoliy razgovor" ("Cheerful Talk") with Israeli singer Svetlana Ben for the tribute album Vesyoliy razgovor (Cheerful Talk) (2018), dedicated to the Russian poet Alexander Galich.
Igor Krutogolov closely collaborated with the Russian performative narrator and musician Psoy Korolenko in a number of projects. He joined the project Psoy & Oy Division, on saw, together with Noam Enbar's band Oy Division and took part in the recording and presentation of the album Dicunt (2013) presented on August 22, 2013 in Moscow. Krutogolov also joined the project Psoy & The Israelifts, on saw and bass, to record the albums Goy Hands (2017) and Equine Canine Soldier Whore (2017). The latter was presented on April 29, 2017 in Tel Aviv at the concert dedicated to Psoy Korolenko's 50th birthday. At the same concert, Krutogolov and Psoy presented their joint project's album HHHH #2 ПППП (2015) in a new experimental genre "ПППП" ("Song & Poetry Semi-Performance" from Russian "Песенно-Поэтический Полу-Перформанс"). Krutogolov also collaborated with Psoy Korolenko, Oy Division and the German klezmer band Daniel Kahn & the Painted Bird on the album The Unternationale: The Fourth Unternational (2020).
Krutogolov has released three solo albums: the experimental noise Muzika Elektronika (2005) issued four times on different labels, the neo-classical ambient White (2006), and the electronic 1970s Uzbek Electronic Music (2019) released on tape.
In 2002, Igor Krutogolov founded the band Kruzenshtern & Parohod (Russian: Крузенштерн и пароход): Igor Krutogolov (bass guitar, vocals), Ruslan Gross (clarinet) and Guy Shechter (drums). The band's debut album The Craft of Primitive Klezmer was released in July 2003 by the Israeli label Auris Media Records and was followed by a number of live performances due to the album's great success in Israel and abroad. The album was compared to the best recordings of the Radical Jewish Culture series released by John Zorn's record label Tzadik.
In November 2004, Auris Media released the band's bootleg Live In Karaganda, a live experimental jazz performance at the Barby club in Tel Aviv on November 30, 2004. The record had a unique cover designed by Igor Krutogolov for each of its 27 copies that were immediately sold out after the show. In the same month, the band released its second album Songs. All of the songs for the album were composed by Krutogolov (except for the cover of John Zorn's "Meholalot"). The style of the album was described as experimental jazz and folk. The album was mixed and mastered by the Ahvak soundman Udi Koomran.
In 2005, the band Kruzenshtern & Parohod recorded a live session in the rehearsal studio Noize. The record was released in 2012 as the album Noize 2005.
In October 2006, the band released a split with the French duet Vialka. Olya Yelensky on accordion joined the band as a fourth member. A joint live performance and a presentation of the split album took place on November 2006 at the Levontin 7 club in Tel Aviv.
In February 2008, the band recorded a live improvisational performance with the Ukrainian band I Drug Moy Gruzovik and released the album Melekh (2008) under the joint name Gruzovik i Kruzenshtern.
In 2008, Krutogolov created an opera on behalf of the imaginary composer Zelig Rabichnyak and recorded the album Love for Three Cockroaches in collaboration with the Polish band Mitch & Mitch. The record also featured Ruslan Gross (Kruzenshtern & Parohod) and the accordionist Boris Martsinovsky. The album premiered on December 2009 at the OFF Festival in Katowice, Poland. The album was released in 2010 and received enthusiastic reviews. The album booklet included a detailed description of Zelig Rabichnyak's life and career, a special addition created by Igor Krutogolov.
In 2008, the band Kruzenshtern & Parohod was joined by the accordionist Boris Martsinovsky. The band changes its style leaving behind the Jewish and Klezmer motives. The music becomes more complex revealing the many sides of Krutogolov's talent as a composer. In December 2008, the band recorded an album, released as The Hidden Album in 2012. At the same period, the band recorded an experimental hardcore-jazz-klezmer album with the American musician Eugene Robinson (Oxbow) released in 2015 as Hidden Album Volume II on LP.
In 2012, the band Kruzenshtern & Parohod united with Marlise Freshville and Eric Borosh from Vialka duet to form a collaboration project KIV Orchestra. The band launched a European tour (France, Belgium, Germany, Poland, Czech, Switzerland) and recorded three consecutive albums: La Roue (2012), Extension (2013) and Whole (2013). As part of the European tour, the band members participated in the recording of a short film about the 22nd Jewish Culture Festival in Kraków created by the Israeli musician Ophir Kutiel (Kutiman) for his "Thru The City" project.
In November 2015, Kruzenshtern & Parohod recorded a new album HYMNS at the DTH Studios in Moscow, Russia. On the next day, the band presented the album at the DOM Culture Center in Moscow. The music on the album differs greatly from the previous band's works, so the band’s name was changed to the abbreviated name KIP. The album was mixed and mastered by James Plotkin. The band is back to its initial three-member line-up: Krutogolov, Gross and Shechter.
In 2020, KIP released the album Songs of Love. The album’s track "#2" premiered on the metal collection album Milim Kashot. Vol. 2 (2020). The album had very enthusiastic reviews and was rated one of the most successful metal albums of the year 2020 by the Machine Music magazine.
In 2013, the band Kruzenshtern & Parohod recorded the album Byt vezde (Everywhere) with Leonid Fedorov, the leader of the Russian band Auktyon to the verses of Dmitry Ozersky. The album was presented on September 6, 2013 at the Gogol club in Moscow and on September 8 at the A2 club in Saint-Petersburg. The show at the A2 club in Saint-Petersburg was released on DVD in 2014. The album was released under the joint name Fedorov & Kruzenshtern. This collaboration marked the beginning of a long-term and fruitful partnership between Igor Krutogolov and Leonid Fedorov.
In 2015, Krutogolov and Fedorov recorded the album Vzryv tsvetov (Blast of Bloom) to the verses of the Russian poet Dmitry Avaliani and Dmitry Ozersky. The album was recorded in several stages as a result of live improvisational performances. The music was written by both Krutogolov and Fedorov. The album was presented in Tel-Aviv, Moscow and Saint-Petersburg in 2015. In the same year, the duet releases a mini-album V trave (In the Grass) consisting of two songs, "V trave" ("In the Grass") and "Vzryv tsvetov" ("Blast of Bloom") recorded differently from those on the album Vzryv tsvetov (Blast of Bloom).
In 2016, Krutogolov took part in the presentation of Leonid Fedorov's album Psalmy (Psalms). The album consists of songs to the verses of six Old Testament psalms translated into Russian by Anri Volokhonsky.
Starting from 2018, the duet of Krutogolov and Fedorov (as Fedorov & Kruzenshtern) recorded several consecutive albums:
Postoyanstvo veseliya i gryazi (The Constancy of Mirth and Dirt) (2018), to the verses of the Russian avant-garde poet Daniil Kharms. The idea of the album belonged to Igor Krutogolov who wrote four songs for the album on his own and four songs with Fedorov. Lidia Fedorova also participated in the collaboration as a vocalist and composer. The album features Krutogolov's vocals. The album was presented on April 6, 2018 in the Central House of Artists in Moscow and on April 8 at the Erarta club in Saint-Petersburg. The day before the premiere, Saint-Petersburg citizens were presented 14 sacks (the number of tracks on the album) containing the signed CDs. The sacks were scattered around the city in the places related to Daniil Kharms's biography. The video clip to the song "Gvidon" was released in 2018.
Gimn chume (The Hymn to the Plague) (2019), to the verses of the Russian poet Alexander Pushkin, mostly unpublished ones. The album also features the Russian composer Vladimir Martynov (piano), Ruslan Gross (KIP, clarinet) and Lidia Fedorova (vocals). Three video clips were released in 2019: "Gimn chume" ("The Hymn to the Plague"), "Talisman" ("Mascot") and "Tsvetok" ("Flower").
Iz neba i vody (Out of Sky and Water) (2019), to the verses of Dmitry Ozersky. Krutogolov and Fedorov tried to make each song different from one another, both compositionally and when recorded. The music for the album was composed in an improvisational manner, at the first take, which became a tradition for the duet. The album was presented on December 19, 2019 at the Morze club in Saint-Petersburg and on December 21 at the 16 tons club in Moscow.
Blake (2020), to the verses of William Blake translated into Russian by Alexander Delfinov and Andrey Smurov. The album consists of 18 tracks each illustrated with a video-clip created during the COVID-19 quarantine. The music was composed by both Igor Krutogolov and Leonid Fedorov. Several songs feature Igor's vocals. Krutogolov also appears in the video clips, "Bolnaya roza" ("The Sick Rose"), "Ulybka" ("The Smile"), and "Detskiy vostorg" ("Infant Joy").
Asherah (2023), to the 10-verse poem Pesni srublenoy Ashery (The Songs of the Felled Asherah) by the Israeli poet and culturologist Michael Korol. Krutogolov and Fedorov composed and recorded the album together in their traditional manner giving each song a unique sound and style. Each song is devoted to a certain god from the Ugaritic mythology. The album became a soundtrack for the ballet-film Asherah by Anna Ozerskaya. (for more information, see below: Film and theatre work)
In 2005, Igor Krutogolov gathered a group of fellow musicians and friends to form a toy orchestra named Igor Krutogolov's Karate Band. The idea of the project was to use only toy musical instruments and toys to produce music. The band consisted of 11 members: Igor Krutogolov (composer, toy guitar, toy clarinet, voice), Ruslan Gross (toy guitar), Guy Schechter (toy drums), Olya Yelensky (toy keyboard), Ido Azaria (toy clarinet), Victor Levin (toy clarinet), Leonid Ulitsky (toy saxophone), Gregory Bado (toy trumpet), Tanya Bogoslavsky (toy xylophone), Einav Cohen (rubber toys), and Shelly Dublinsky (rubber toys). The band's first performance took place on April 7, 2005 at the Green Racoon club in Tel Aviv following the literary evening of the Russian postmodern writer Vladimir Sorokin.
The band's first album Children 4 Muzik was released in October 2005. The band plays a mixture of styles described as "experimental noise comedy". The album was presented in November 2005 at the avant-garde music festival at the Zappa club in Tel Aviv.
In 2006, the band recorded a 56-minute cover of "Consume Red" by the Japanese musician Otomo Yoshihide and released it as a digital album Plays Ground Zero: Consume Red in 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The album How to Be a Crocodile was released in 2014 and was presented at the Levontin 7 club in Tel-Aviv on February 27, 2014. The band recorded original songs to the gibberish lyrics written by Igor Krutogolov under the nickname Mursulik. The album also includes the song to the poem by Daniil Kharms "Zhuravli i Korabli" ("The Cranes and the Ships"). The album featured a new line-up: Igor Krutogolov (toy guitar, vocals, toy accordion, toy noise), Guy Shechter (toy drums), Victor Levin (toy clarinet), Mihai Cernea (toy clarinet), Naomi Rosin (toy clarinet), Dror Pikielny (toy clarinet), Neil Kalman (toy clarinet, toy trumpet), Slava Frenklakh (toy keyboards, toy piano), Niv Majar (toy glockenspiel, toy xylophone, pigs), and Inbar Livne Bar-On (vocals). All the music on the album was composed by Igor Krutogolov.
In 2017, Igor Krutogolov's Karate Band was joined by a vocalist Yam Umi, the singer with the electric hardcore band Killing Machine. Thanks to Umi’s voice, the band acquired new sound and the name band's name was changed to Igor Krutogolov's Toy Orchestra. In 2017, the band released a new album Roots Over Roots consisting of two covers ("Roots Over Roots" by Sepultura and "Over" by Portishead). The band was also joined by the Israeli-British singer Yifeat Ziv (The Hazelnuts/האחיות לוז). The new line-up gave a concert on December 2018 at the Levontin 7 club in Tel Aviv.
In 2019, Israeli drummer Roy Chen joined the band. They performed live as part of the cultural and educational project "Eshkolot", supported by the Embassy of Israel in Russia. The band performed new covers, "Little God in My Hands" (by Swans) and "Guerrilla Radio" (by Rage Against the Machine) as well as other band's songs, including "Zhuravli i korabli" ("The Cranes and the Ships") performed by the Russian singer Anna Khvostenko. The concert program also included a masterclass for kids and the kids’ participation in the live performance with the band.
In 2022, the band released the album Live At Musrara Mix recorded at the Musrara Mix Festival 2020 in Jerusalem and issued two singles, "Bebe La Sangre" (2022) and "Sucky" (2022).
In 2003, Igor Krutogolov composed music for the animation film Wardrobe by Japanese directors Yamamoto Hiromi and Takayuki Iwasawa. Krutogolov also created a doll for the film. The soundtrack to the film was released as the album Wardrobe in September 2004. The album also features Vadim Gusis, Valery Prokov and Kondo Yoshiaki.
Igor Krutogolov has written music for a number of theatrical shows by Israeli directors and choreographers: Migova Deshe (From the Grass Height) (2006), a multidisciplinary project directed and choreographed by Irad Matsliakh (co-composer: Roy Yarkoni), Meever Leyam (Overseas) (2008), to the verses by Hayim Bialik directed by Alina Ashbal, Max and Moritz (2009), a performative narration of Wilhelm Busch's story Max and Moritz by the Israeli performer Zeev Tene directed by Ishay Karni, Halokh Vashuv (Back and Forth) (2013), an adaptation of Hanna Yablonska's play The Boatman directed by Sasha Kreindlin, Borot (Holes) (2014), a show directed by Ariel Bronz and choreographed by Marina Baltov, Proiekt De La Shmate: Hanitsnuts (De La Shmate Project: The Sparkle) (2017), a puppet show directed by Sharon Silver Marat and performed by the Israeli puppet artists Anna Grinband and Igor Tsinovoy.
Starting from 2010, Igor Krutogolov closely collaborated with the Israeli-American director, writer and artist Roee Rosen. Krutogolov first appeared in Roee Rosen's short film Out (2010) as an actor performing a song to Sergei Yesenin's poem ‘’Pismo materi’’ (‘’A Letter to Mother’’) and playing the saw accompanied by Boris Martsinovsky on accordion. Out premiered at the 67th Venice International Film Festival in 2010 and won the Orizzonti award for best short film. The film was also officially nominated for the European Academy Award for best short film.
In Roee Rosen's series The Buried Alive Videos (2013), Krutogolov appeared both as an actor and the author of the music in two episodes: "Animation Chants for Commodities: Little Iron" (2008) and "Animation Chants for Commodities: A Hybrid" (2009). The film premiered at the 2013 International Rome Film Festival, where it was awarded a special mention in the CinemaXXI program. The film also won the best film award at the Bucharest International Experimental Film Festival in 2014.
Igor Krutogolov also composed music for the opera to Roee Rosen's book Vladimir's Night (2014). The opera excerpts were presented to the audience preceding the screening of The Buried Alive Videos as part of the 3d Berlin Documentary Forum at the House of World Cultures in Berlin on June 1, 2014 and before the screening of The Buried Alive Videos at the Pompidou Centre in Paris on June 29, 2018. The opera excerpts were presented in a live performance by the Israeli opera singer Inbar Livne Bar-On and the Israeli pianist Udi Bonen.
In 2016, Igor Krutogolov composed music for Roee Rosen's surrealist operetta-film The Dust Channel. The film premiered at the 2016 Marseille International Film Festival and was presented at the international festivals in Vienna, Austria (Viennale 2017), Madrid, Spain (FILMADRID 2017), Seul, South Korea (Jeonju 2017), and Sydney, Australia (2018).
In 2018, Krutogolov collaborated with Roee Rosen on the film Kafka for Kids. Krutogolov suggested using his toy orchestra for the film, which significantly changed the direction of the film's sound and image. The band's musicians performed on set as part of the film's cast, with Yam Umi and Yifeat Ziv also playing additional parts. The film sketches including three songs performed live by Igor Krutogolov's Toy Orchestra, with Yifeat Ziv as a lead singer, were presented at the Steirischer Herbst Art Festival on September 22, 2018 at the Graz Orpheum theatre in Graz, Austria. The film Kafka for Kids premiered at the 2022 International Film Festival in Rotterdam, Netherlands (IFFR 2022) and was shown at the international film festivals in Marseille, France (FIDMarseille 2022), Curitiba, Brazil (Olhar de Cinema 2022), Lisbon, Portugal (Doclisboa 2022), Vienna, Austria (Viennale 2022) and Copenhagen, Denmark (CPH:DOX 2023). At the FIDMarseille festival, the film was awarded the Camargo Foundation award and the festival's highest prize, Air France Panavision. The film's soundtrack was released on LP in 2022.
In 2021, Igor Krutogolov and his toy orchestra joined a multi-genre theatrical project Toyzzz in collaboration with the Israeli dance theatre group led by Or Marin and Oran Nahum. The initial intention was to incorporate the band’s current songs into the performance, but eventually Krutogolov composed five more songs and co-authored the project. The band's musicians performed and interacted with nine theatre-group dancers in what was described as "a combination of a party, a circus, an orgy and a closed ward". The musical show Toyzzz premiered at the 2021 Acre Fringe Theatre Festival in Israel and was presented at the festival 11 times. The show won several awards: best show, best design (space, costumes, light and music), best dance and a special prize for musical achievements (to Igor Krutogolov, Yam Umi and Igor Krutogolov's Toy Orchestra). The show was presented to a wider audience in December 2021 in Tel-Aviv at the Tmuna theatre where it was shown seven times.
In 2023, Igor Krutogolov composed music for Or Marin's dancing show Loud and Clear. The show premiered on August 15, 2023 at the Derida Dance Center in Sofia, Bulgaria.
In 2016, Krutogolov collaborated with Leonid Fedorov to compose music for theatrical performances of a multidisciplinary art & cinema project DAU by the Russian director Ilya Khrzhanovsky. The project premiered between January 25 and February 17, 2019 in Paris. The performances and installations played out in three neighboring venues: the Théâtre du Châtelet, the Théâtre de la Ville and the Centre Pompidou. Krutogolov and Fedorov composed 30 songs for the project. The song "Nebo" ("The Sky") was performed at Fedorov & Krutogolov live shows and was included in Leonid Fedorov’s solo album Posledny drug (The Last Friend) (2021).
In 2021, Krutogolov collaborated with Leonid Fedorov on a multidisciplinary project Asherah to compose music to the 10-verse poem Pesni srublenoy Ashery (The Songs of the Felled Asherah) by the Israeli poet and culturologist Michael Korol. Each song is devoted to a certain god from the Ugaritic mythology. Initially, the music was written for a ballet show to be performed live, but due to COVID-19 restrictions, the ballet was eventually shot as a film directed by a choreographer Anna Ozerskaya. The film-ballet Asherah premiered on August 9, 2023 at the Oktyabr cinema in Moscow and was followed by a public talk with the project participants.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Igor Krutogolov (born 1976, Tashkent, Uzbekistan) is an Israeli musician, composer, multi-instrumentalist, singer, songwriter, producer, graphic designer, artist, the founder and the leader of the bands Kruzenshtern & Parohod (KIP) and Igor Krutogolov’s Toy Orchestra.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Igor Krutogolov was born in 1976 in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. His love for music started at the age of 12, when he first listened to Shostakovich's Symphony No. 8. In 1989, he played drums in a local punk band in Tashkent. After he finished school in 1992, he immigrated with his parents to Israel.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Igor Krutogolov started his music career soon after he immigrated to Israel. Beginning in 1997, he took an active part in the Israeli indie music scene under the nickname Igor18 as a composer, bass player, vocalist and an album cover designer. Krutogolov collaborated with a number of Israeli musicians including Ruslan Gross, Vadim Gusis, Vera Agnivolok, Slava Smelivskiy, and Anton Weiss. He played bass guitar, drums and experimented with unconventional musical instruments (saw, bow, children's toys etc.).",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Together with his friend Ruslan Gross, a clarinetist and bassist with Rabies Caste, whom he met in 1995, Krutogolov joined the Israeli experimental project The Crossfishes, which united Israeli underground musicians and recorded live improvisational jazz and noise sessions. Krutogolov also joined the Israeli neo-folk band Agnivolok as a bassist. He took part in recording the band's first album, Sculptor, released by the German label Stateart in 2001. The album was later reissued by the Israeli label Eastern Front in 2006. Krutogolov also appeared on Agnivolok's second album, Cherries, recorded in 2001 and released by Eastern Front in 2006. The album’s first track, \"The Golden Skull\", premiered on the collection of Israeli post-industrial music Tel Aviv Aftermath (2002), a first release of the Israeli label Topheth Prophet. This collection includes other Krutogolov's early works: the track \"Make Law\" with New Jerusalem Defense Force, the track \"Live 23.10.2001\", a part of a live performance by The Crossfishes, and the outstanding solo track \"About A Man Falling Apart\". Krutogolov also appeared on electronic collection albums Intercontinental Zvukoprocessing (2004) (with his solo tracks \"Hunt For Butterflies\" and \"-+\") and Grannittin (2006) (with a solo track \"Gurtuk\"). In 2005, Krutogolov participated in The Crossfishes' live performance, recorded at the Vortex club in Tel Aviv and released on the collection album Noisemass 2005 in 2006 by Topheth Prophet. In 2006, Igor Krutogolov released the album Festivemood on the German label Apocalyptic Radio, recorded at the live performance with Ruslan Gross and Anton Weiss in Tel Aviv.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Igor Krutogolov closely collaborated with Israeli musician Vadim Gusis (Chaos As Shelter) on a number of electronic projects. In 2002, Krutogolov and Gusis released the album Locust Wind on the Italian label Pre Feed. In 2003, they worked with American musician David Brownstead (Tidal) on the album Ingathering of Exile, released by the American label Ground Fault Recordings. In July 2003, Krutogolov and Gusis collaborated with Eric Wood (Bastard Noise) and recorded the album The Geometry of Soul, released by Topheth Prophet. Krutogolov and Gusis also appeared together on electronic collections Infernal Proteus (2002) and Tonal Destruction [II] (2003), both released on American labels.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In 2005, Krutogolov and Gusis joined the collaboration project of the Israeli avant-garde band Grundik+Slava, with Israeli singer Victoria Hanna, for the album Frogs, a joint release by Topheth Prophet and Auris Media Records. Hanna's improvised recordings were combined with synthesized ambient electronics, noise improvisations, drone organics and tribal ethnic rhythms. Krutogolov also took part in a recorded jazz concert Live at Levontin 07.04.2008 (2009) with Grundik Kasyansky and Slava Smelovsky (Grundik+Slava).",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "In 2009, Krutogolov joined Vadim Gusis's new electronic project, Thunderwheel, and recorded two albums: Credo (2009) and Lumberjack Blues (2010). The latter was also released on LP. Credo received many positive reviews in a number of musical magazines in different languages (Judas Kiss, Gothtronic, Musique Machine, Darkroom Magazine and others). The special feature of the album is the use of unconventional musical instruments such as analogue synthesizer, termenvox and the saw played by Igor and giving a special sounding to the album. Krutogolov also played the bass, guitar, percussions and sang on the albums.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Igor Krutogolov played at numerous avant-rock and jazz festivals and venues in collaboration with Japanese and Israeli jazz musicians: Kazuyuki Kishino (KK Null), Kazutoki Umezu, Tatsuya Yoshida, Assif Tsahar, Haggai Fershtman (Monotonix), Daniel Sarid, Ariel Armoni, and Ariel Shiboleth. Some of the live improvisation shows were recorded and released as albums: Live in The Head (2008), with Japanese drummer Tatsuya Yoshida and Israeli saxophonist Assif Tsahar, Hot Exhaust (2010) and Cold Exhaust (2020), with Assif Tsahar and the Israeli drummer Haggai Fershtman, Live At Levontin 7 (2012), with the Israeli pianist Daniel Sarid and the Israeli drummer Ariel Armoni; and Quit Silence (2020) with the Israeli saxophonist Ariel Shibolet.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Krutogolov recorded several albums with the Japanese writer and experimentalist Kenji Siratori: Chaos Cell, Ancient Device (2009), Archaic Sky (2009), and WHNZ:15:KATER/Dark Water (2010). The albums are the stories narrated by Kenji Siratori to Krutogolov's electronic dark-ambient music (organ, acoustic guitar, strings, percussion, sound effects).",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "In 2013, Krutogolov collaborated with Israeli klezmer-punk-rock band Habiluim on the album Hora Haslama! (on saw and horn).",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "In 2018, Krutogolov recorded an experimental 12-minute cover of the song \"Vesyoliy razgovor\" (\"Cheerful Talk\") with Israeli singer Svetlana Ben for the tribute album Vesyoliy razgovor (Cheerful Talk) (2018), dedicated to the Russian poet Alexander Galich.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "Igor Krutogolov closely collaborated with the Russian performative narrator and musician Psoy Korolenko in a number of projects. He joined the project Psoy & Oy Division, on saw, together with Noam Enbar's band Oy Division and took part in the recording and presentation of the album Dicunt (2013) presented on August 22, 2013 in Moscow. Krutogolov also joined the project Psoy & The Israelifts, on saw and bass, to record the albums Goy Hands (2017) and Equine Canine Soldier Whore (2017). The latter was presented on April 29, 2017 in Tel Aviv at the concert dedicated to Psoy Korolenko's 50th birthday. At the same concert, Krutogolov and Psoy presented their joint project's album HHHH #2 ПППП (2015) in a new experimental genre \"ПППП\" (\"Song & Poetry Semi-Performance\" from Russian \"Песенно-Поэтический Полу-Перформанс\"). Krutogolov also collaborated with Psoy Korolenko, Oy Division and the German klezmer band Daniel Kahn & the Painted Bird on the album The Unternationale: The Fourth Unternational (2020).",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "Krutogolov has released three solo albums: the experimental noise Muzika Elektronika (2005) issued four times on different labels, the neo-classical ambient White (2006), and the electronic 1970s Uzbek Electronic Music (2019) released on tape.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "In 2002, Igor Krutogolov founded the band Kruzenshtern & Parohod (Russian: Крузенштерн и пароход): Igor Krutogolov (bass guitar, vocals), Ruslan Gross (clarinet) and Guy Shechter (drums). The band's debut album The Craft of Primitive Klezmer was released in July 2003 by the Israeli label Auris Media Records and was followed by a number of live performances due to the album's great success in Israel and abroad. The album was compared to the best recordings of the Radical Jewish Culture series released by John Zorn's record label Tzadik.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "In November 2004, Auris Media released the band's bootleg Live In Karaganda, a live experimental jazz performance at the Barby club in Tel Aviv on November 30, 2004. The record had a unique cover designed by Igor Krutogolov for each of its 27 copies that were immediately sold out after the show. In the same month, the band released its second album Songs. All of the songs for the album were composed by Krutogolov (except for the cover of John Zorn's \"Meholalot\"). The style of the album was described as experimental jazz and folk. The album was mixed and mastered by the Ahvak soundman Udi Koomran.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "In 2005, the band Kruzenshtern & Parohod recorded a live session in the rehearsal studio Noize. The record was released in 2012 as the album Noize 2005.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "In October 2006, the band released a split with the French duet Vialka. Olya Yelensky on accordion joined the band as a fourth member. A joint live performance and a presentation of the split album took place on November 2006 at the Levontin 7 club in Tel Aviv.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "In February 2008, the band recorded a live improvisational performance with the Ukrainian band I Drug Moy Gruzovik and released the album Melekh (2008) under the joint name Gruzovik i Kruzenshtern.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 18,
"text": "In 2008, Krutogolov created an opera on behalf of the imaginary composer Zelig Rabichnyak and recorded the album Love for Three Cockroaches in collaboration with the Polish band Mitch & Mitch. The record also featured Ruslan Gross (Kruzenshtern & Parohod) and the accordionist Boris Martsinovsky. The album premiered on December 2009 at the OFF Festival in Katowice, Poland. The album was released in 2010 and received enthusiastic reviews. The album booklet included a detailed description of Zelig Rabichnyak's life and career, a special addition created by Igor Krutogolov.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 19,
"text": "In 2008, the band Kruzenshtern & Parohod was joined by the accordionist Boris Martsinovsky. The band changes its style leaving behind the Jewish and Klezmer motives. The music becomes more complex revealing the many sides of Krutogolov's talent as a composer. In December 2008, the band recorded an album, released as The Hidden Album in 2012. At the same period, the band recorded an experimental hardcore-jazz-klezmer album with the American musician Eugene Robinson (Oxbow) released in 2015 as Hidden Album Volume II on LP.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 20,
"text": "In 2012, the band Kruzenshtern & Parohod united with Marlise Freshville and Eric Borosh from Vialka duet to form a collaboration project KIV Orchestra. The band launched a European tour (France, Belgium, Germany, Poland, Czech, Switzerland) and recorded three consecutive albums: La Roue (2012), Extension (2013) and Whole (2013). As part of the European tour, the band members participated in the recording of a short film about the 22nd Jewish Culture Festival in Kraków created by the Israeli musician Ophir Kutiel (Kutiman) for his \"Thru The City\" project.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 21,
"text": "In November 2015, Kruzenshtern & Parohod recorded a new album HYMNS at the DTH Studios in Moscow, Russia. On the next day, the band presented the album at the DOM Culture Center in Moscow. The music on the album differs greatly from the previous band's works, so the band’s name was changed to the abbreviated name KIP. The album was mixed and mastered by James Plotkin. The band is back to its initial three-member line-up: Krutogolov, Gross and Shechter.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 22,
"text": "In 2020, KIP released the album Songs of Love. The album’s track \"#2\" premiered on the metal collection album Milim Kashot. Vol. 2 (2020). The album had very enthusiastic reviews and was rated one of the most successful metal albums of the year 2020 by the Machine Music magazine.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 23,
"text": "In 2013, the band Kruzenshtern & Parohod recorded the album Byt vezde (Everywhere) with Leonid Fedorov, the leader of the Russian band Auktyon to the verses of Dmitry Ozersky. The album was presented on September 6, 2013 at the Gogol club in Moscow and on September 8 at the A2 club in Saint-Petersburg. The show at the A2 club in Saint-Petersburg was released on DVD in 2014. The album was released under the joint name Fedorov & Kruzenshtern. This collaboration marked the beginning of a long-term and fruitful partnership between Igor Krutogolov and Leonid Fedorov.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 24,
"text": "In 2015, Krutogolov and Fedorov recorded the album Vzryv tsvetov (Blast of Bloom) to the verses of the Russian poet Dmitry Avaliani and Dmitry Ozersky. The album was recorded in several stages as a result of live improvisational performances. The music was written by both Krutogolov and Fedorov. The album was presented in Tel-Aviv, Moscow and Saint-Petersburg in 2015. In the same year, the duet releases a mini-album V trave (In the Grass) consisting of two songs, \"V trave\" (\"In the Grass\") and \"Vzryv tsvetov\" (\"Blast of Bloom\") recorded differently from those on the album Vzryv tsvetov (Blast of Bloom).",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 25,
"text": "In 2016, Krutogolov took part in the presentation of Leonid Fedorov's album Psalmy (Psalms). The album consists of songs to the verses of six Old Testament psalms translated into Russian by Anri Volokhonsky.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 26,
"text": "Starting from 2018, the duet of Krutogolov and Fedorov (as Fedorov & Kruzenshtern) recorded several consecutive albums:",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 27,
"text": "Postoyanstvo veseliya i gryazi (The Constancy of Mirth and Dirt) (2018), to the verses of the Russian avant-garde poet Daniil Kharms. The idea of the album belonged to Igor Krutogolov who wrote four songs for the album on his own and four songs with Fedorov. Lidia Fedorova also participated in the collaboration as a vocalist and composer. The album features Krutogolov's vocals. The album was presented on April 6, 2018 in the Central House of Artists in Moscow and on April 8 at the Erarta club in Saint-Petersburg. The day before the premiere, Saint-Petersburg citizens were presented 14 sacks (the number of tracks on the album) containing the signed CDs. The sacks were scattered around the city in the places related to Daniil Kharms's biography. The video clip to the song \"Gvidon\" was released in 2018.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 28,
"text": "Gimn chume (The Hymn to the Plague) (2019), to the verses of the Russian poet Alexander Pushkin, mostly unpublished ones. The album also features the Russian composer Vladimir Martynov (piano), Ruslan Gross (KIP, clarinet) and Lidia Fedorova (vocals). Three video clips were released in 2019: \"Gimn chume\" (\"The Hymn to the Plague\"), \"Talisman\" (\"Mascot\") and \"Tsvetok\" (\"Flower\").",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 29,
"text": "Iz neba i vody (Out of Sky and Water) (2019), to the verses of Dmitry Ozersky. Krutogolov and Fedorov tried to make each song different from one another, both compositionally and when recorded. The music for the album was composed in an improvisational manner, at the first take, which became a tradition for the duet. The album was presented on December 19, 2019 at the Morze club in Saint-Petersburg and on December 21 at the 16 tons club in Moscow.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 30,
"text": "Blake (2020), to the verses of William Blake translated into Russian by Alexander Delfinov and Andrey Smurov. The album consists of 18 tracks each illustrated with a video-clip created during the COVID-19 quarantine. The music was composed by both Igor Krutogolov and Leonid Fedorov. Several songs feature Igor's vocals. Krutogolov also appears in the video clips, \"Bolnaya roza\" (\"The Sick Rose\"), \"Ulybka\" (\"The Smile\"), and \"Detskiy vostorg\" (\"Infant Joy\").",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 31,
"text": "Asherah (2023), to the 10-verse poem Pesni srublenoy Ashery (The Songs of the Felled Asherah) by the Israeli poet and culturologist Michael Korol. Krutogolov and Fedorov composed and recorded the album together in their traditional manner giving each song a unique sound and style. Each song is devoted to a certain god from the Ugaritic mythology. The album became a soundtrack for the ballet-film Asherah by Anna Ozerskaya. (for more information, see below: Film and theatre work)",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 32,
"text": "In 2005, Igor Krutogolov gathered a group of fellow musicians and friends to form a toy orchestra named Igor Krutogolov's Karate Band. The idea of the project was to use only toy musical instruments and toys to produce music. The band consisted of 11 members: Igor Krutogolov (composer, toy guitar, toy clarinet, voice), Ruslan Gross (toy guitar), Guy Schechter (toy drums), Olya Yelensky (toy keyboard), Ido Azaria (toy clarinet), Victor Levin (toy clarinet), Leonid Ulitsky (toy saxophone), Gregory Bado (toy trumpet), Tanya Bogoslavsky (toy xylophone), Einav Cohen (rubber toys), and Shelly Dublinsky (rubber toys). The band's first performance took place on April 7, 2005 at the Green Racoon club in Tel Aviv following the literary evening of the Russian postmodern writer Vladimir Sorokin.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 33,
"text": "The band's first album Children 4 Muzik was released in October 2005. The band plays a mixture of styles described as \"experimental noise comedy\". The album was presented in November 2005 at the avant-garde music festival at the Zappa club in Tel Aviv.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 34,
"text": "In 2006, the band recorded a 56-minute cover of \"Consume Red\" by the Japanese musician Otomo Yoshihide and released it as a digital album Plays Ground Zero: Consume Red in 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 35,
"text": "The album How to Be a Crocodile was released in 2014 and was presented at the Levontin 7 club in Tel-Aviv on February 27, 2014. The band recorded original songs to the gibberish lyrics written by Igor Krutogolov under the nickname Mursulik. The album also includes the song to the poem by Daniil Kharms \"Zhuravli i Korabli\" (\"The Cranes and the Ships\"). The album featured a new line-up: Igor Krutogolov (toy guitar, vocals, toy accordion, toy noise), Guy Shechter (toy drums), Victor Levin (toy clarinet), Mihai Cernea (toy clarinet), Naomi Rosin (toy clarinet), Dror Pikielny (toy clarinet), Neil Kalman (toy clarinet, toy trumpet), Slava Frenklakh (toy keyboards, toy piano), Niv Majar (toy glockenspiel, toy xylophone, pigs), and Inbar Livne Bar-On (vocals). All the music on the album was composed by Igor Krutogolov.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 36,
"text": "In 2017, Igor Krutogolov's Karate Band was joined by a vocalist Yam Umi, the singer with the electric hardcore band Killing Machine. Thanks to Umi’s voice, the band acquired new sound and the name band's name was changed to Igor Krutogolov's Toy Orchestra. In 2017, the band released a new album Roots Over Roots consisting of two covers (\"Roots Over Roots\" by Sepultura and \"Over\" by Portishead). The band was also joined by the Israeli-British singer Yifeat Ziv (The Hazelnuts/האחיות לוז). The new line-up gave a concert on December 2018 at the Levontin 7 club in Tel Aviv.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 37,
"text": "In 2019, Israeli drummer Roy Chen joined the band. They performed live as part of the cultural and educational project \"Eshkolot\", supported by the Embassy of Israel in Russia. The band performed new covers, \"Little God in My Hands\" (by Swans) and \"Guerrilla Radio\" (by Rage Against the Machine) as well as other band's songs, including \"Zhuravli i korabli\" (\"The Cranes and the Ships\") performed by the Russian singer Anna Khvostenko. The concert program also included a masterclass for kids and the kids’ participation in the live performance with the band.",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 38,
"text": "In 2022, the band released the album Live At Musrara Mix recorded at the Musrara Mix Festival 2020 in Jerusalem and issued two singles, \"Bebe La Sangre\" (2022) and \"Sucky\" (2022).",
"title": "Music career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 39,
"text": "In 2003, Igor Krutogolov composed music for the animation film Wardrobe by Japanese directors Yamamoto Hiromi and Takayuki Iwasawa. Krutogolov also created a doll for the film. The soundtrack to the film was released as the album Wardrobe in September 2004. The album also features Vadim Gusis, Valery Prokov and Kondo Yoshiaki.",
"title": "Film and theatre work"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 40,
"text": "Igor Krutogolov has written music for a number of theatrical shows by Israeli directors and choreographers: Migova Deshe (From the Grass Height) (2006), a multidisciplinary project directed and choreographed by Irad Matsliakh (co-composer: Roy Yarkoni), Meever Leyam (Overseas) (2008), to the verses by Hayim Bialik directed by Alina Ashbal, Max and Moritz (2009), a performative narration of Wilhelm Busch's story Max and Moritz by the Israeli performer Zeev Tene directed by Ishay Karni, Halokh Vashuv (Back and Forth) (2013), an adaptation of Hanna Yablonska's play The Boatman directed by Sasha Kreindlin, Borot (Holes) (2014), a show directed by Ariel Bronz and choreographed by Marina Baltov, Proiekt De La Shmate: Hanitsnuts (De La Shmate Project: The Sparkle) (2017), a puppet show directed by Sharon Silver Marat and performed by the Israeli puppet artists Anna Grinband and Igor Tsinovoy.",
"title": "Film and theatre work"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 41,
"text": "Starting from 2010, Igor Krutogolov closely collaborated with the Israeli-American director, writer and artist Roee Rosen. Krutogolov first appeared in Roee Rosen's short film Out (2010) as an actor performing a song to Sergei Yesenin's poem ‘’Pismo materi’’ (‘’A Letter to Mother’’) and playing the saw accompanied by Boris Martsinovsky on accordion. Out premiered at the 67th Venice International Film Festival in 2010 and won the Orizzonti award for best short film. The film was also officially nominated for the European Academy Award for best short film.",
"title": "Film and theatre work"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 42,
"text": "In Roee Rosen's series The Buried Alive Videos (2013), Krutogolov appeared both as an actor and the author of the music in two episodes: \"Animation Chants for Commodities: Little Iron\" (2008) and \"Animation Chants for Commodities: A Hybrid\" (2009). The film premiered at the 2013 International Rome Film Festival, where it was awarded a special mention in the CinemaXXI program. The film also won the best film award at the Bucharest International Experimental Film Festival in 2014.",
"title": "Film and theatre work"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 43,
"text": "Igor Krutogolov also composed music for the opera to Roee Rosen's book Vladimir's Night (2014). The opera excerpts were presented to the audience preceding the screening of The Buried Alive Videos as part of the 3d Berlin Documentary Forum at the House of World Cultures in Berlin on June 1, 2014 and before the screening of The Buried Alive Videos at the Pompidou Centre in Paris on June 29, 2018. The opera excerpts were presented in a live performance by the Israeli opera singer Inbar Livne Bar-On and the Israeli pianist Udi Bonen.",
"title": "Film and theatre work"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 44,
"text": "In 2016, Igor Krutogolov composed music for Roee Rosen's surrealist operetta-film The Dust Channel. The film premiered at the 2016 Marseille International Film Festival and was presented at the international festivals in Vienna, Austria (Viennale 2017), Madrid, Spain (FILMADRID 2017), Seul, South Korea (Jeonju 2017), and Sydney, Australia (2018).",
"title": "Film and theatre work"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 45,
"text": "In 2018, Krutogolov collaborated with Roee Rosen on the film Kafka for Kids. Krutogolov suggested using his toy orchestra for the film, which significantly changed the direction of the film's sound and image. The band's musicians performed on set as part of the film's cast, with Yam Umi and Yifeat Ziv also playing additional parts. The film sketches including three songs performed live by Igor Krutogolov's Toy Orchestra, with Yifeat Ziv as a lead singer, were presented at the Steirischer Herbst Art Festival on September 22, 2018 at the Graz Orpheum theatre in Graz, Austria. The film Kafka for Kids premiered at the 2022 International Film Festival in Rotterdam, Netherlands (IFFR 2022) and was shown at the international film festivals in Marseille, France (FIDMarseille 2022), Curitiba, Brazil (Olhar de Cinema 2022), Lisbon, Portugal (Doclisboa 2022), Vienna, Austria (Viennale 2022) and Copenhagen, Denmark (CPH:DOX 2023). At the FIDMarseille festival, the film was awarded the Camargo Foundation award and the festival's highest prize, Air France Panavision. The film's soundtrack was released on LP in 2022.",
"title": "Film and theatre work"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 46,
"text": "In 2021, Igor Krutogolov and his toy orchestra joined a multi-genre theatrical project Toyzzz in collaboration with the Israeli dance theatre group led by Or Marin and Oran Nahum. The initial intention was to incorporate the band’s current songs into the performance, but eventually Krutogolov composed five more songs and co-authored the project. The band's musicians performed and interacted with nine theatre-group dancers in what was described as \"a combination of a party, a circus, an orgy and a closed ward\". The musical show Toyzzz premiered at the 2021 Acre Fringe Theatre Festival in Israel and was presented at the festival 11 times. The show won several awards: best show, best design (space, costumes, light and music), best dance and a special prize for musical achievements (to Igor Krutogolov, Yam Umi and Igor Krutogolov's Toy Orchestra). The show was presented to a wider audience in December 2021 in Tel-Aviv at the Tmuna theatre where it was shown seven times.",
"title": "Film and theatre work"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 47,
"text": "In 2023, Igor Krutogolov composed music for Or Marin's dancing show Loud and Clear. The show premiered on August 15, 2023 at the Derida Dance Center in Sofia, Bulgaria.",
"title": "Film and theatre work"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 48,
"text": "In 2016, Krutogolov collaborated with Leonid Fedorov to compose music for theatrical performances of a multidisciplinary art & cinema project DAU by the Russian director Ilya Khrzhanovsky. The project premiered between January 25 and February 17, 2019 in Paris. The performances and installations played out in three neighboring venues: the Théâtre du Châtelet, the Théâtre de la Ville and the Centre Pompidou. Krutogolov and Fedorov composed 30 songs for the project. The song \"Nebo\" (\"The Sky\") was performed at Fedorov & Krutogolov live shows and was included in Leonid Fedorov’s solo album Posledny drug (The Last Friend) (2021).",
"title": "Film and theatre work"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 49,
"text": "In 2021, Krutogolov collaborated with Leonid Fedorov on a multidisciplinary project Asherah to compose music to the 10-verse poem Pesni srublenoy Ashery (The Songs of the Felled Asherah) by the Israeli poet and culturologist Michael Korol. Each song is devoted to a certain god from the Ugaritic mythology. Initially, the music was written for a ballet show to be performed live, but due to COVID-19 restrictions, the ballet was eventually shot as a film directed by a choreographer Anna Ozerskaya. The film-ballet Asherah premiered on August 9, 2023 at the Oktyabr cinema in Moscow and was followed by a public talk with the project participants.",
"title": "Film and theatre work"
}
] |
Igor Krutogolov is an Israeli musician, composer, multi-instrumentalist, singer, songwriter, producer, graphic designer, artist, the founder and the leader of the bands Kruzenshtern & Parohod (KIP) and Igor Krutogolov’s Toy Orchestra.
|
2023-12-03T00:12:42Z
|
2023-12-31T01:11:43Z
|
[
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Citation",
"Template:Cite news",
"Template:Authority control",
"Template:Infobox musical artist",
"Template:Main"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igor_Krutogolov
|
75,468,026 |
2023 Open de Limoges
|
The 2023 Open BLS de Limoges is a professional tennis tournament to be played on indoor hard courts. It will be the 16th edition of the tournament and part of the 2023 WTA 125 tournaments series, offering a total of $115,000 in prize money. It will take place at the Palais des Sports de Beaublanc in Limoges, France, from 11 to 17 December 2023.
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
The following player received entry using a protected ranking:
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
The following players received entry as lucky losers:
The following pair received a wildcard into the doubles main draw:
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2023 Open BLS de Limoges is a professional tennis tournament to be played on indoor hard courts. It will be the 16th edition of the tournament and part of the 2023 WTA 125 tournaments series, offering a total of $115,000 in prize money. It will take place at the Palais des Sports de Beaublanc in Limoges, France, from 11 to 17 December 2023.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:",
"title": "Singles entrants"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The following player received entry using a protected ranking:",
"title": "Singles entrants"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:",
"title": "Singles entrants"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The following players received entry as lucky losers:",
"title": "Singles entrants"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The following pair received a wildcard into the doubles main draw:",
"title": "Doubles entrants"
}
] |
The 2023 Open BLS de Limoges is a professional tennis tournament to be played on indoor hard courts. It will be the 16th edition of the tournament and part of the 2023 WTA 125 tournaments series, offering a total of $115,000 in prize money. It will take place at the Palais des Sports de Beaublanc in Limoges, France, from 11 to 17 December 2023.
|
2023-12-03T00:16:35Z
|
2023-12-17T20:06:37Z
|
[
"Template:Flagicon",
"Template:Flag",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:In lang",
"Template:2023 WTA 125 tournaments",
"Template:Infobox tennis event",
"Template:Main"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Open_de_Limoges
|
75,468,149 |
Hsuan thu
|
Hsuan thu is a diagram given in the ancient Chinese astronomical and mathematical text Zhoubi Suanjing indicating a proof of the Pythagorean theorem. The book Zhoubi Suanjing is one of the oldest Chinese texts on mathematics. The exact date of composition of the book has not been determined and it may never be determined. Some estimates of the date range as far back as 1100 BCE, while others estimate the date as late as 200 CE. However, from astronomical evidence available in the book it would be appear that much of the material in the book is from the time of Confucius, that is, the 6th century BCE. Hsuan thu represents one of the earliest known proofs of the Pythagorean theorem and also one of the simplest. The Chinese text in Zhoubi Suanjing accompanying the diagram has been translated as follows:
The hsuan thu diagram makes use of the 3,4,5 right triangle to demonstrate the Pythagorean theorem. However the Chinese generalized their conclusion to all right triangles.
The hsuan thu diagram, in its generalized form can be found in the writings of the Indian mathematician Bhaskara II (c. 1114–1185). The description of this diagram appears in verse 129 of Bijaganita of Bhaskara II. There is a legend that Bhaskara's proof of the Pythagorean theorem consisted of only just one word, namely, "Behold!". However, using the notations of the diagram, the theorem follows from the following equation:
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Hsuan thu is a diagram given in the ancient Chinese astronomical and mathematical text Zhoubi Suanjing indicating a proof of the Pythagorean theorem. The book Zhoubi Suanjing is one of the oldest Chinese texts on mathematics. The exact date of composition of the book has not been determined and it may never be determined. Some estimates of the date range as far back as 1100 BCE, while others estimate the date as late as 200 CE. However, from astronomical evidence available in the book it would be appear that much of the material in the book is from the time of Confucius, that is, the 6th century BCE. Hsuan thu represents one of the earliest known proofs of the Pythagorean theorem and also one of the simplest. The Chinese text in Zhoubi Suanjing accompanying the diagram has been translated as follows:",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The hsuan thu diagram makes use of the 3,4,5 right triangle to demonstrate the Pythagorean theorem. However the Chinese generalized their conclusion to all right triangles.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The hsuan thu diagram, in its generalized form can be found in the writings of the Indian mathematician Bhaskara II (c. 1114–1185). The description of this diagram appears in verse 129 of Bijaganita of Bhaskara II. There is a legend that Bhaskara's proof of the Pythagorean theorem consisted of only just one word, namely, \"Behold!\". However, using the notations of the diagram, the theorem follows from the following equation:",
"title": ""
}
] |
Hsuan thu is a diagram given in the ancient Chinese astronomical and mathematical text Zhoubi Suanjing indicating a proof of the Pythagorean theorem. The book Zhoubi Suanjing is one of the oldest Chinese texts on mathematics. The exact date of composition of the book has not been determined and it may never be determined. Some estimates of the date range as far back as 1100 BCE, while others estimate the date as late as 200 CE. However, from astronomical evidence available in the book it would be appear that much of the material in the book is from the time of Confucius, that is, the 6th century BCE. Hsuan thu represents one of the earliest known proofs of the Pythagorean theorem and also one of the simplest. The Chinese text in Zhoubi Suanjing accompanying the diagram has been translated as follows: The hsuan thu diagram makes use of the 3,4,5 right triangle to demonstrate the Pythagorean theorem. However the Chinese generalized their conclusion to all right triangles. The hsuan thu diagram, in its generalized form can be found in the writings of the Indian mathematician Bhaskara II. The description of this diagram appears in verse 129 of Bijaganita of Bhaskara II. There is a legend that Bhaskara's proof of the Pythagorean theorem consisted of only just one word, namely, "Behold!". However, using the notations of the diagram, the theorem follows from the following equation:
|
2023-12-03T00:20:51Z
|
2023-12-03T01:41:04Z
|
[
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite journal",
"Template:Cite book",
"Template:S&T in China",
"Template:History of mathematics"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hsuan_thu
|
75,468,213 |
Julian Adam Wise
|
Julian Adam Wise (born October 29, 1990) is an Australian technical lead and innovator best known for leading the build AI Platforms for multi-national companies, contributions to spatial technologies, and as a pioneer of MLOps as an AI methodology. Wise demonstrated the ability of his AI Platform's to rapidly scale time-to-delivery for AI Models, within the field of Machine Learning Operations (MLOps). Wise also heavily contributed to Geospatial Intelligence through the co-founding of CSIRO's VoxelNET Program. Wise's contributions to Science, Technology and Business have spanned over Mining Technology, Robotics, Artificial Intelligence and Industrial Software Systems.
Wise was born and raised in Melbourne, Australia. Wise's mother's side of the family through Godfrey Cohen draws their arrival to Australia to the larger Solomon family and Cashmore Family of Australian Jewish pioneers, amongst whose descendants many achieved a degree of notability. The first settlement of Wise's ancestors to Melbourne occurred when Michael Cashmore and Betsy Solomon, who operated from Melbourne's first brick building at 1 Elizabeth Street Melbourne. Wise earned his bachelor's degree in Environments at the University of Melbourne, followed by a Bachelors of Software Engingeering from RMIT University, as the first person of his family to move to a STEM field.
During his studies of Software Engineering Wise worked with CSIRO, the Australian national science ageny on AI to place a cognitive architecture onto drones for autonomous cave exploration and simulation. The intellectual property generated was collected by CSIRO and commercialised into the Emesent program.
After work in Israel, Julian accepted a role with Mining3, a private Mining Research Institute in collaboration with CSIRO. During this time is when Wise published with Cambridge University Press on Legal Smart Contracts for derivative trades of mineral stockpiles. It was also during this time that Wise published eighteen patents in spatial technology for value tracking. The technology was later purchased by CSIRO for commercialisation. The primary focus of VoxelNET is to map the flow of resource value across space and time horizontally across processes and organisations as the value transforms.
VoxelNET is a unique 4D data integration platform that can create virtual, data-rich representations of real-world processes and places and run simulations to deliver real world insights which can improve productivity and increase process efficiency in mining operations.
The VoxelNET vision is to map global value chain as value is extracted, transformed and traded among multiple organisations. Since the creation of patent publication of VoxelNET to Mining3, CSIRO, Australia's national science agency has acquired the technology for commercialisation purposes.
As a professional consultant Wise commenced as an AI engineer with Newcrest Mining, to build AI Platforms and productionise machine learning models on said platforms. It was during this time that Wise created three AI platforms within the sub-field of MLOps for Newcrest. One to productionise models in Azure with Python, one open source MLFlow Platform for the life-cycle management of AI models produced in R, and one to productionise custom modified Kubeflow platform to productionise models produced in MatLab. With the platforms, partnering with Data Scientists, Newcrest transitioned to value-chain methodologies over the Mine-to-Mill value chain in the nature of solutions addressed.
Wise, proceeded to modify the modify the Azure AI Platform of Newcrest to be crowdsource compatible, and the platform was integrated with Unearthed (became Humyn.AI), a professional crowdsource agency for AI in mining. With the Tame the Temp crowdsource competition a new record of fastest productionisation of a solution at Newcrest mining was achieved. Over the engagements with Newcrest, Wise productionised numerous machine learning models, and ensured key AI operational life-cycle features were configured.
Wise achieved Consultant of the Year in 2021 with the Fortune 500 Organisation he was employed by, Insight Enterprises. Many of the multi-national opportunities generated to lead to the award were on private engagements with NDA's to limit the amount of public information of this period.
During this period Julian relocated to South America to build the AI Platform for BHP's Latin American operations. The platform was hallmarked as revolutionary and improved the time to deliver solutions from taking months to taking weeks. The features included automated retraining, model cataloguing, performance cataloguing, performance-to-model-to-code lineage. During this time Wise authored the AI and Machine Learning Global Technology Standards, to government the management of BHP's AI models over their operational lifecycle. The methodology was validated with a challenge to deliver a project which would normally take twelve months, to deliver in twelve weeks. The project was a decisive success and the uplift in copper recovery for Escondida Mine was demonstrated with the outcomes published to a peer-reviewed scientific journal of the value generated through Copper Concentrator optimisations.
As of 2024 Wise is employed at a principal level, located in Brisbane.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Julian Adam Wise (born October 29, 1990) is an Australian technical lead and innovator best known for leading the build AI Platforms for multi-national companies, contributions to spatial technologies, and as a pioneer of MLOps as an AI methodology. Wise demonstrated the ability of his AI Platform's to rapidly scale time-to-delivery for AI Models, within the field of Machine Learning Operations (MLOps). Wise also heavily contributed to Geospatial Intelligence through the co-founding of CSIRO's VoxelNET Program. Wise's contributions to Science, Technology and Business have spanned over Mining Technology, Robotics, Artificial Intelligence and Industrial Software Systems.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Wise was born and raised in Melbourne, Australia. Wise's mother's side of the family through Godfrey Cohen draws their arrival to Australia to the larger Solomon family and Cashmore Family of Australian Jewish pioneers, amongst whose descendants many achieved a degree of notability. The first settlement of Wise's ancestors to Melbourne occurred when Michael Cashmore and Betsy Solomon, who operated from Melbourne's first brick building at 1 Elizabeth Street Melbourne. Wise earned his bachelor's degree in Environments at the University of Melbourne, followed by a Bachelors of Software Engingeering from RMIT University, as the first person of his family to move to a STEM field.",
"title": "Early life and education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "During his studies of Software Engineering Wise worked with CSIRO, the Australian national science ageny on AI to place a cognitive architecture onto drones for autonomous cave exploration and simulation. The intellectual property generated was collected by CSIRO and commercialised into the Emesent program.",
"title": "Early life and education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "After work in Israel, Julian accepted a role with Mining3, a private Mining Research Institute in collaboration with CSIRO. During this time is when Wise published with Cambridge University Press on Legal Smart Contracts for derivative trades of mineral stockpiles. It was also during this time that Wise published eighteen patents in spatial technology for value tracking. The technology was later purchased by CSIRO for commercialisation. The primary focus of VoxelNET is to map the flow of resource value across space and time horizontally across processes and organisations as the value transforms.",
"title": "Spatial technology development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "VoxelNET is a unique 4D data integration platform that can create virtual, data-rich representations of real-world processes and places and run simulations to deliver real world insights which can improve productivity and increase process efficiency in mining operations.",
"title": "Spatial technology development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The VoxelNET vision is to map global value chain as value is extracted, transformed and traded among multiple organisations. Since the creation of patent publication of VoxelNET to Mining3, CSIRO, Australia's national science agency has acquired the technology for commercialisation purposes.",
"title": "Spatial technology development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "As a professional consultant Wise commenced as an AI engineer with Newcrest Mining, to build AI Platforms and productionise machine learning models on said platforms. It was during this time that Wise created three AI platforms within the sub-field of MLOps for Newcrest. One to productionise models in Azure with Python, one open source MLFlow Platform for the life-cycle management of AI models produced in R, and one to productionise custom modified Kubeflow platform to productionise models produced in MatLab. With the platforms, partnering with Data Scientists, Newcrest transitioned to value-chain methodologies over the Mine-to-Mill value chain in the nature of solutions addressed.",
"title": "AI for private industry & mining technology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Wise, proceeded to modify the modify the Azure AI Platform of Newcrest to be crowdsource compatible, and the platform was integrated with Unearthed (became Humyn.AI), a professional crowdsource agency for AI in mining. With the Tame the Temp crowdsource competition a new record of fastest productionisation of a solution at Newcrest mining was achieved. Over the engagements with Newcrest, Wise productionised numerous machine learning models, and ensured key AI operational life-cycle features were configured.",
"title": "AI for private industry & mining technology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Wise achieved Consultant of the Year in 2021 with the Fortune 500 Organisation he was employed by, Insight Enterprises. Many of the multi-national opportunities generated to lead to the award were on private engagements with NDA's to limit the amount of public information of this period.",
"title": "AI for private industry & mining technology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "During this period Julian relocated to South America to build the AI Platform for BHP's Latin American operations. The platform was hallmarked as revolutionary and improved the time to deliver solutions from taking months to taking weeks. The features included automated retraining, model cataloguing, performance cataloguing, performance-to-model-to-code lineage. During this time Wise authored the AI and Machine Learning Global Technology Standards, to government the management of BHP's AI models over their operational lifecycle. The methodology was validated with a challenge to deliver a project which would normally take twelve months, to deliver in twelve weeks. The project was a decisive success and the uplift in copper recovery for Escondida Mine was demonstrated with the outcomes published to a peer-reviewed scientific journal of the value generated through Copper Concentrator optimisations.",
"title": "AI for private industry & mining technology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "As of 2024 Wise is employed at a principal level, located in Brisbane.",
"title": "AI for private industry & mining technology"
}
] |
Julian Adam Wise is an Australian technical lead and innovator best known for leading the build AI Platforms for multi-national companies, contributions to spatial technologies, and as a pioneer of MLOps as an AI methodology. Wise demonstrated the ability of his AI Platform's to rapidly scale time-to-delivery for AI Models, within the field of Machine Learning Operations (MLOps). Wise also heavily contributed to Geospatial Intelligence through the co-founding of CSIRO's VoxelNET Program. Wise's contributions to Science, Technology and Business have spanned over Mining Technology, Robotics, Artificial Intelligence and Industrial Software Systems.
|
2023-12-03T00:24:16Z
|
2024-01-01T00:25:42Z
|
[
"Template:Cite journal",
"Template:Cite patent",
"Template:Cite book",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Infobox person",
"Template:More citations needed",
"Template:Blockquote",
"Template:Multiple issues",
"Template:Authority control"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Adam_Wise
|
75,468,227 |
Rhinophora
|
Rhinophora is a genus of flies in the family Calliphoridae.
Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Rhinophora is a genus of flies in the family Calliphoridae.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom.",
"title": "Distribution"
}
] |
Rhinophora is a genus of flies in the family Calliphoridae.
|
2023-12-03T00:26:44Z
|
2023-12-03T00:26:44Z
|
[
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Automatic taxobox",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite journal",
"Template:Calliphoridae-stub"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhinophora
|
75,468,241 |
Imperial emblem of Korea
|
[] |
REDIRECT [[Imperial Seal of Korea]
|
2023-12-03T00:31:54Z
|
2023-12-03T00:31:54Z
|
[] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_emblem_of_Korea
|
|
75,468,247 |
Vanesa Emilova
|
Vanesa Emilova (born 7 January 2008) is a Bulgarian rhythmic gymnast. She is a world and European champion.
She took up the sport at age three, as a young child she would go to a gymnasium where her parents worked as coaches. Her mother trained in rhythmic gymnastics while her father was involved in artistic gymnastics. She focused on rhythmic gymnastics, and her aunt Nina Sarasakalova became her first coach. Her idol is Bulgarian gymnast Maria Petrova. Outside the gym she enjoys watching artistic gymnastics and Formula One with her father, kart racing, solving the Rubik's Cube, spending time by the sea, hiking in the mountains.
In 2023 she won All-Around gold, 5 balls gold and 5 ropes silver at Miss Valentine. At the Sofia Tournament the junior group won gold in the All-Around and with 5 ropes, bronze with 5 balls. In May she competed at the European Championships in Baku, where she won silver in the All-Around and gold with 5 balls and 5 ropes. In July Vanesa and Eva Emilova, Andrea Ivanova, Krasimira Ivanova, Gabriela Peeva, Tsveteyoana Peycheva became junior All-Around champion and won silver with 5 balls and 5 ropes at the 2nd edition of the tournament in Cluj-Napoca.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Vanesa Emilova (born 7 January 2008) is a Bulgarian rhythmic gymnast. She is a world and European champion.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "She took up the sport at age three, as a young child she would go to a gymnasium where her parents worked as coaches. Her mother trained in rhythmic gymnastics while her father was involved in artistic gymnastics. She focused on rhythmic gymnastics, and her aunt Nina Sarasakalova became her first coach. Her idol is Bulgarian gymnast Maria Petrova. Outside the gym she enjoys watching artistic gymnastics and Formula One with her father, kart racing, solving the Rubik's Cube, spending time by the sea, hiking in the mountains.",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 2023 she won All-Around gold, 5 balls gold and 5 ropes silver at Miss Valentine. At the Sofia Tournament the junior group won gold in the All-Around and with 5 ropes, bronze with 5 balls. In May she competed at the European Championships in Baku, where she won silver in the All-Around and gold with 5 balls and 5 ropes. In July Vanesa and Eva Emilova, Andrea Ivanova, Krasimira Ivanova, Gabriela Peeva, Tsveteyoana Peycheva became junior All-Around champion and won silver with 5 balls and 5 ropes at the 2nd edition of the tournament in Cluj-Napoca.",
"title": "Career"
}
] |
Vanesa Emilova is a Bulgarian rhythmic gymnast. She is a world and European champion.
|
2023-12-03T00:33:11Z
|
2023-12-06T12:49:18Z
|
[
"Template:Authority control",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox gymnast",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanesa_Emilova
|
75,468,262 |
Elimelech (biblical figure)
|
Elimelech is a biblical figure mentioned in the Book of Ruth.
Elimelech is a descendant of the Tribe of Judah, and was the husband of Naomi and the father of Machalon and Chilyon. The family lived in Bethlehem in Judea. Due to famine, Elimelech and his family left the Land of Israel and settled in Moab, where he died.
His children, Machalon and Chilyon, married two Moabite women, Ruth and Arpah. When Elimelech's two sons later died, Naomi and Ruth returned to Bethelehem. Ruth later married Boaz, a relative of Elimelech.
According to the Talmud, Elimelch was the son of Nachshon Ben Aminadav, the Nasi of the Tribe of Judah.
Regarding him and why he left the Land of Israel, Chazal said:
"Elimelech was a great man and leader of his generation. When the years of hunger came he said: Now all the Jews will wander from door to door collecting and they'll come to my door. What did he do? He escaped",
When the Book of Ruth recalls his death it states: "Elimelech the wife of Na'ami died". From this Chazal derived that the main consequence of a man's death is to his wife.
From the story of Elimelech, Chazal derived the severity of emigrating from Eretz Yisrael. As they say: Why were Elimelch Machalon and Chilyon punished? For they exited the Land of Israel and entered the Diaspora... for even merit from his ancestry does not stand for individuals who leave Eretz Yisrael".
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Elimelech is a biblical figure mentioned in the Book of Ruth.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Elimelech is a descendant of the Tribe of Judah, and was the husband of Naomi and the father of Machalon and Chilyon. The family lived in Bethlehem in Judea. Due to famine, Elimelech and his family left the Land of Israel and settled in Moab, where he died.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "His children, Machalon and Chilyon, married two Moabite women, Ruth and Arpah. When Elimelech's two sons later died, Naomi and Ruth returned to Bethelehem. Ruth later married Boaz, a relative of Elimelech.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "According to the Talmud, Elimelch was the son of Nachshon Ben Aminadav, the Nasi of the Tribe of Judah.",
"title": "Talmud and Midrash"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Regarding him and why he left the Land of Israel, Chazal said:",
"title": "Talmud and Midrash"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "\"Elimelech was a great man and leader of his generation. When the years of hunger came he said: Now all the Jews will wander from door to door collecting and they'll come to my door. What did he do? He escaped\",",
"title": "Talmud and Midrash"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "When the Book of Ruth recalls his death it states: \"Elimelech the wife of Na'ami died\". From this Chazal derived that the main consequence of a man's death is to his wife.",
"title": "Talmud and Midrash"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "From the story of Elimelech, Chazal derived the severity of emigrating from Eretz Yisrael. As they say: Why were Elimelch Machalon and Chilyon punished? For they exited the Land of Israel and entered the Diaspora... for even merit from his ancestry does not stand for individuals who leave Eretz Yisrael\".",
"title": "Talmud and Midrash"
}
] |
Elimelech is a biblical figure mentioned in the Book of Ruth. Elimelech is a descendant of the Tribe of Judah, and was the husband of Naomi and the father of Machalon and Chilyon. The family lived in Bethlehem in Judea. Due to famine, Elimelech and his family left the Land of Israel and settled in Moab, where he died. His children, Machalon and Chilyon, married two Moabite women, Ruth and Arpah. When Elimelech's two sons later died, Naomi and Ruth returned to Bethelehem. Ruth later married Boaz, a relative of Elimelech.
|
2023-12-03T00:37:16Z
|
2023-12-22T19:47:59Z
|
[
"Template:Book of Ruth",
"Template:Reflist"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elimelech_(biblical_figure)
|
75,468,285 |
Kiss Me, Darling
|
Kiss Me, Darling (Hungarian: Csókolj meg, édes!) is a 1932 Hungarian comedy film directed by Béla Gaál and starring Marika Rökk, Imre Ráday and Antal Páger.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Kiss Me, Darling (Hungarian: Csókolj meg, édes!) is a 1932 Hungarian comedy film directed by Béla Gaál and starring Marika Rökk, Imre Ráday and Antal Páger.",
"title": ""
}
] |
Kiss Me, Darling is a 1932 Hungarian comedy film directed by Béla Gaál and starring Marika Rökk, Imre Ráday and Antal Páger.
|
2023-12-03T00:43:18Z
|
2023-12-24T23:41:48Z
|
[
"Template:Hungary-film-stub",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox film",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:IMDb title"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiss_Me,_Darling
|
75,468,297 |
UNESA F.C.
|
Universitas Negeri Surabaya Football Club, often abbreviated to UNESA FC, is an Indonesian football club based in Surabaya, East Java. They currently compete in the Liga 3 East Java Zone.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Universitas Negeri Surabaya Football Club, often abbreviated to UNESA FC, is an Indonesian football club based in Surabaya, East Java. They currently compete in the Liga 3 East Java Zone.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
Universitas Negeri Surabaya Football Club, often abbreviated to UNESA FC, is an Indonesian football club based in Surabaya, East Java. They currently compete in the Liga 3 East Java Zone.
|
2023-12-03T00:46:14Z
|
2023-12-20T13:16:59Z
|
[
"Template:Indonesia-footyclub-stub",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox football club",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Instagram",
"Template:Liga 3 (Indonesia)"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNESA_F.C.
|
75,468,312 |
Bombafiya
|
Bombafiya is an American reggae band from Ventura, California. The band was formed in 2018 and consists of Collin Daniels (lead vocals, guitar, production), Benicia Grace (backing vocals, production), Stephanosis (bass), Evan Tindall (drums), Filiverto Landeros (keyboards), and Andrew Chermak (trumpet).
Bombafiya was formed in 2018 by Collin Daniels and his wife, Benicia Grace. Daniels has said their influences root originally from artists such as Bob Marley, Jack Johnson, Peter Tosh, and California reggae rock bands, like Rebelution, Iration, and Tribal Seeds. He is also influenced from rock music, such as Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young, Led Zeppelin, Blue Öyster Cult, Nirvana, Soundgarden, and Pearl Jam.
They released their first single, "Spirit of a Revolution", on September 29, 2018, and another single, "Live It Up (Free Your Mind)" on November 2 of that year. They released their self-titled debut EP, BombaFiya, on May 17, 2019.
On June 25, 2021, they released their debut studio album Do What Makes You Happy.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Bombafiya is an American reggae band from Ventura, California. The band was formed in 2018 and consists of Collin Daniels (lead vocals, guitar, production), Benicia Grace (backing vocals, production), Stephanosis (bass), Evan Tindall (drums), Filiverto Landeros (keyboards), and Andrew Chermak (trumpet).",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Bombafiya was formed in 2018 by Collin Daniels and his wife, Benicia Grace. Daniels has said their influences root originally from artists such as Bob Marley, Jack Johnson, Peter Tosh, and California reggae rock bands, like Rebelution, Iration, and Tribal Seeds. He is also influenced from rock music, such as Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young, Led Zeppelin, Blue Öyster Cult, Nirvana, Soundgarden, and Pearl Jam.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "They released their first single, \"Spirit of a Revolution\", on September 29, 2018, and another single, \"Live It Up (Free Your Mind)\" on November 2 of that year. They released their self-titled debut EP, BombaFiya, on May 17, 2019.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "On June 25, 2021, they released their debut studio album Do What Makes You Happy.",
"title": "History"
}
] |
Bombafiya is an American reggae band from Ventura, California. The band was formed in 2018 and consists of Collin Daniels, Benicia Grace, Stephanosis (bass), Evan Tindall (drums), Filiverto Landeros (keyboards), and Andrew Chermak (trumpet).
|
2023-12-03T00:49:10Z
|
2023-12-05T22:45:22Z
|
[
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Multiple issues",
"Template:Infobox band",
"Template:Citation needed",
"Template:Non-album singles",
"Template:TBA",
"Template:Cite web"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombafiya
|
75,468,316 |
Baniassa
|
Baniassa is a genus of flies in the family Calliphoridae.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Baniassa is a genus of flies in the family Calliphoridae.",
"title": ""
}
] |
Baniassa is a genus of flies in the family Calliphoridae.
|
2023-12-03T00:50:21Z
|
2023-12-03T00:50:21Z
|
[
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Automatic taxobox",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite journal",
"Template:Cite book",
"Template:Calliphoridae-stub"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baniassa
|
75,468,346 |
2023 Los Angeles spree shootings
|
The 2023 Los Angeles spree shootings are a series of fatal shootings that occurred in Los Angeles County, California in November 2023. So far four shooting deaths have been linked together by ballistic tests. A suspect was arrested on December 2.
Jose Bolanos, a 37-year-old homeless man was found dead around 3 a.m. on Nov. 26 in an alley in South Los Angeles.
The following day, Mark Diggs, a 62-year-old homeless man was shot while pushing a shopping cart around 5 a.m. near downtown.
On the 28th, 42-year-old Nicholas Simbolon was followed driving to his home in San Dimas then was killed in a follow-home robbery and murder just before 7 p.m.
On the 29th, a 52-year-old homeless man was shot in the Lincoln Heights around 2:30 a.m.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2023 Los Angeles spree shootings are a series of fatal shootings that occurred in Los Angeles County, California in November 2023. So far four shooting deaths have been linked together by ballistic tests. A suspect was arrested on December 2.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Jose Bolanos, a 37-year-old homeless man was found dead around 3 a.m. on Nov. 26 in an alley in South Los Angeles.",
"title": "Shootings"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The following day, Mark Diggs, a 62-year-old homeless man was shot while pushing a shopping cart around 5 a.m. near downtown.",
"title": "Shootings"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "On the 28th, 42-year-old Nicholas Simbolon was followed driving to his home in San Dimas then was killed in a follow-home robbery and murder just before 7 p.m.",
"title": "Shootings"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "On the 29th, a 52-year-old homeless man was shot in the Lincoln Heights around 2:30 a.m.",
"title": "Shootings"
}
] |
The 2023 Los Angeles spree shootings are a series of fatal shootings that occurred in Los Angeles County, California in November 2023. So far four shooting deaths have been linked together by ballistic tests. A suspect was arrested on December 2.
|
2023-12-03T00:58:49Z
|
2023-12-06T23:52:55Z
|
[
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite news",
"Template:Orphan",
"Template:Infobox event"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Los_Angeles_spree_shootings
|
75,468,368 |
Save Tabakanalagi
|
Savenaca Tabakanalagi (born 31 August 1986) is a Fijian former rugby union international.
Based in France since 2015, Tabakanalagi is a lock and plays with RC Sablais. Previously, he played at Rugby Club Strasbourg and CS Beaune. He has also competed in New Zealand rugby for the Paeroa West club.
Tabakanalagi, a Suva native, was capped twice by Fiji in 2016, for home Tests against Tonga and Georgia.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Savenaca Tabakanalagi (born 31 August 1986) is a Fijian former rugby union international.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Based in France since 2015, Tabakanalagi is a lock and plays with RC Sablais. Previously, he played at Rugby Club Strasbourg and CS Beaune. He has also competed in New Zealand rugby for the Paeroa West club.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Tabakanalagi, a Suva native, was capped twice by Fiji in 2016, for home Tests against Tonga and Georgia.",
"title": ""
}
] |
Savenaca Tabakanalagi is a Fijian former rugby union international. Based in France since 2015, Tabakanalagi is a lock and plays with RC Sablais. Previously, he played at Rugby Club Strasbourg and CS Beaune. He has also competed in New Zealand rugby for the Paeroa West club. Tabakanalagi, a Suva native, was capped twice by Fiji in 2016, for home Tests against Tonga and Georgia.
|
2023-12-03T01:01:57Z
|
2023-12-03T01:38:25Z
|
[
"Template:Infobox rugby biography",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite news",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:ESPNscrum"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Save_Tabakanalagi
|
75,468,396 |
Gravitational Aharonov-Bohm effect
|
In physics, the gravitational Aharonov-Bohm effect is a phenomenon involving the behavior of particles acting according to quantum mechanics while under the influence of a classical gravitational field. It is the gravitational analog of the well-known Aharonov–Bohm effect, which is about the quantum mechanical behavior of particles in a classical electromagnetic field.
There are many variants of the Aharonov-Bohm effect in electromagnetism. Here we review an electric version of the Aharonov-Bohm effect that is most similar to the gravitational effect which has been experimentally observed. This electric effect is caused by a charged particle (say, an electron) being in a superposition of traveling down two different paths. In both paths, the electric field that the electron sees is zero everywhere along the path, but the scalar electric potential that the electron sees is not the same for both paths.
In the above figure, the beamsplitter puts the electron in a superposition of taking the upper path and taking the lower path. In both paths, when the electron gets to the mirror, it is stopped and held there. During that time when the electron is held in place at a mirror, 2 electric charges each with charge Q {\displaystyle Q} are brought near the upper mirror in a symmetric manner such that the net electric field caused by the 2 charges at the upper mirror is 0. We assume that the lower mirror is far enough away from the upper mirror such that the electric potential (and electric field) caused by the 2 charges is 0 at the lower mirror. So, this creates an electric potential difference between upper and lower mirrors equal to Δ U = 2 Q 4 π ϵ 0 r {\displaystyle \Delta U={\frac {2Q}{4\pi \epsilon _{0}r}}} , where r {\displaystyle r} is the distance of the charges from the mirror and ϵ 0 {\displaystyle \epsilon _{0}} is the electric constant. The electron is held there for a time T {\displaystyle T} , after which the charges are moved away and the electron is allowed to continue moving along its path. Assuming that the time we take to move the 2 charges to and from the mirror is much smaller than T {\displaystyle T} , this time that the electron spends at the mirror causes a phase shift equal to
Δ ϕ = − e Δ U T / ℏ = − 2 e Q T 4 π ϵ 0 r ℏ {\displaystyle \Delta \phi =-e\Delta UT/\hbar =-{\frac {2eQT}{4\pi \epsilon _{0}r\hbar }}}
where e {\displaystyle e} is the elementary charge.
When the 2 paths of the interferometer are recombined, we see a different interference pattern depending on whether we brought the charges near the upper mirror to create a potential difference. This is surprising, because no matter whether we brought the charges near the upper mirror to create a potential difference, the electron always remains at a location where the electric field is zero (to be more precise, the wavefunction of the electron is only ever nonzero at locations where the electric field is 0).
This electric Aharonov-Bohm effect has not been experimentally observed, unlike the magnetic effect. It not generally feasible to trap an electron at a "mirror" in the interferometer while the potential is turned on and off, which is necessary in this setup to ensure that the electron stays in a region where the field is 0 while the potential is varied. Proposals for experimentally observing the effect instead involve shielding the electron from any electric field by having it travel through a conducting cylinder while the potential is varied. In contrast, one experiment proposal for the gravitational Aharonov-Bohm effect actually does involve trapping atoms (which play an analogous role to electrons in the experiment proposal) and holding them in a region where the gravitation field is zero using optical lattices.
Just as there are many variants of the Aharonov-Bohm effect in electromagnetism, there are many variants of the gravitational effect. The simplest version of the gravitational effect is analogous to the electric effect above, with the electron replaced by a small test mass such as an atom, and the 2 charges that create an electric potential replaced by 2 masses that create a gravitational potential.
In the above figure, an atom passes through an atomic "beamsplitter" that puts the atom in a superposition of taking the upper and lower paths. The atoms are then reflected by atomic "mirrors" that cause them to recombine at the detector on the right, where an interference pattern is detected.
When the atom is at a "mirror", it is paused and held there while a potential is introduced. The potential is created by moving 2 massive objects, each with mass M {\displaystyle M} , to the left and right sides of the upper mirror, a distance r {\displaystyle r} away from the mirror. The masses are brought towards the upper mirror in a symmetric manner such that the gravitational field caused by the masses is 0 at the upper mirror. We assume that the upper mirror is far enough away from the lower mirror such that the masses create zero potential (and zero field) at the lower mirror, which means they create a gravitational potential difference of Δ U = − 2 G M r {\displaystyle \Delta U=-{\frac {2GM}{r}}} between the upper and lower mirrors. Despite this gravitational potential difference, the gravitational field at the upper and lower mirrors is 0, and the atom is never in any position with a nonzero gravitation field. Still, a time T {\displaystyle T} spent at the mirrors with that potential difference causes a phase shift,
Δ ϕ = Δ U m T / ℏ = − 2 G M m T r ℏ {\displaystyle \Delta \phi =\Delta UmT/\hbar =-{\frac {2GMmT}{r\hbar }}}
where m {\displaystyle m} is the mass of the atom. This phase shift is detected by observing the interference pattern where the atom paths recombine, which will be different depending on whether the potential difference was applied.
Instead of these idealized paths for the atom that involve "mirrors" that pause the atom in its place while a potential is applied, the atom could be moved in those paths by an optical lattice. This would allow precise control over the positions of the atom and the amount of time spent in the gravitational potential.
The various electromagnetic versions of the Aharonv-Bohm effect can be described in a way that does not suggest any physical reality to the electromagnetic potentials and does not require any nonlocality, by treating the sources of the electromagnetic field and the electromagnetic field itself quantum mechanically, instead of treating the test charge (electron) quantum mechanically and the electromagnetic field and its sources classically. Without a theory of quantum gravity, we cannot appeal to a fully quantum treatment of the test mass (atom), the sources of the gravitational field, and the gravitational field itself in order to explain the gravitational Aharonov-Bohm effect in a fully local, gauge-independent manner. However, this effect can be explained in a local, gauge-independent manner by considering the gravitational time dilation experienced by the atom in the path with the nonzero potential, and taking into account that matter waves pick up a phase at the Compton frequency of the matter.
In January 2022, a team led by Mark Kasevich announced that they had experimentally observed a gravitational Aharonov-Bohm effect with an experiment broadly similar to the one outlined above.
The source of the gravitational potential in their experiment was a single 1.25 kg tungsten mass. The test masses were rubidium-87 atoms. The tungsten mass was fixed, so the gravitational field caused by the tungsten mass was not zero everywhere along the paths of the Rb atoms. This means that the phase shift of the rubidium atoms between the 2 paths was not caused by a gravitational potential energy difference alone, but also by a difference in the gravitational force felt by the atoms in the 2 paths. By detecting a difference in the phase shift between when the tungsten mass is present and when it is not present, they observed a phase shift consistent with that predicted by the Aharonov-Bohm effect
The "beamsplitters" and "mirrors" used to make the Rb atoms interfere are not solid-state components as would be the case with standard interferometers with light. Rather, the beamsplitters and mirrors consisted of laser pulses that coherently transfer momentum between the atoms and photons.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "In physics, the gravitational Aharonov-Bohm effect is a phenomenon involving the behavior of particles acting according to quantum mechanics while under the influence of a classical gravitational field. It is the gravitational analog of the well-known Aharonov–Bohm effect, which is about the quantum mechanical behavior of particles in a classical electromagnetic field.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "There are many variants of the Aharonov-Bohm effect in electromagnetism. Here we review an electric version of the Aharonov-Bohm effect that is most similar to the gravitational effect which has been experimentally observed. This electric effect is caused by a charged particle (say, an electron) being in a superposition of traveling down two different paths. In both paths, the electric field that the electron sees is zero everywhere along the path, but the scalar electric potential that the electron sees is not the same for both paths.",
"title": "Electric effect"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "",
"title": "Electric effect"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In the above figure, the beamsplitter puts the electron in a superposition of taking the upper path and taking the lower path. In both paths, when the electron gets to the mirror, it is stopped and held there. During that time when the electron is held in place at a mirror, 2 electric charges each with charge Q {\\displaystyle Q} are brought near the upper mirror in a symmetric manner such that the net electric field caused by the 2 charges at the upper mirror is 0. We assume that the lower mirror is far enough away from the upper mirror such that the electric potential (and electric field) caused by the 2 charges is 0 at the lower mirror. So, this creates an electric potential difference between upper and lower mirrors equal to Δ U = 2 Q 4 π ϵ 0 r {\\displaystyle \\Delta U={\\frac {2Q}{4\\pi \\epsilon _{0}r}}} , where r {\\displaystyle r} is the distance of the charges from the mirror and ϵ 0 {\\displaystyle \\epsilon _{0}} is the electric constant. The electron is held there for a time T {\\displaystyle T} , after which the charges are moved away and the electron is allowed to continue moving along its path. Assuming that the time we take to move the 2 charges to and from the mirror is much smaller than T {\\displaystyle T} , this time that the electron spends at the mirror causes a phase shift equal to",
"title": "Electric effect"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Δ ϕ = − e Δ U T / ℏ = − 2 e Q T 4 π ϵ 0 r ℏ {\\displaystyle \\Delta \\phi =-e\\Delta UT/\\hbar =-{\\frac {2eQT}{4\\pi \\epsilon _{0}r\\hbar }}}",
"title": "Electric effect"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "where e {\\displaystyle e} is the elementary charge.",
"title": "Electric effect"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "When the 2 paths of the interferometer are recombined, we see a different interference pattern depending on whether we brought the charges near the upper mirror to create a potential difference. This is surprising, because no matter whether we brought the charges near the upper mirror to create a potential difference, the electron always remains at a location where the electric field is zero (to be more precise, the wavefunction of the electron is only ever nonzero at locations where the electric field is 0).",
"title": "Electric effect"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "This electric Aharonov-Bohm effect has not been experimentally observed, unlike the magnetic effect. It not generally feasible to trap an electron at a \"mirror\" in the interferometer while the potential is turned on and off, which is necessary in this setup to ensure that the electron stays in a region where the field is 0 while the potential is varied. Proposals for experimentally observing the effect instead involve shielding the electron from any electric field by having it travel through a conducting cylinder while the potential is varied. In contrast, one experiment proposal for the gravitational Aharonov-Bohm effect actually does involve trapping atoms (which play an analogous role to electrons in the experiment proposal) and holding them in a region where the gravitation field is zero using optical lattices.",
"title": "Electric effect"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Just as there are many variants of the Aharonov-Bohm effect in electromagnetism, there are many variants of the gravitational effect. The simplest version of the gravitational effect is analogous to the electric effect above, with the electron replaced by a small test mass such as an atom, and the 2 charges that create an electric potential replaced by 2 masses that create a gravitational potential.",
"title": "Gravitational effect"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "",
"title": "Gravitational effect"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "In the above figure, an atom passes through an atomic \"beamsplitter\" that puts the atom in a superposition of taking the upper and lower paths. The atoms are then reflected by atomic \"mirrors\" that cause them to recombine at the detector on the right, where an interference pattern is detected.",
"title": "Gravitational effect"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "When the atom is at a \"mirror\", it is paused and held there while a potential is introduced. The potential is created by moving 2 massive objects, each with mass M {\\displaystyle M} , to the left and right sides of the upper mirror, a distance r {\\displaystyle r} away from the mirror. The masses are brought towards the upper mirror in a symmetric manner such that the gravitational field caused by the masses is 0 at the upper mirror. We assume that the upper mirror is far enough away from the lower mirror such that the masses create zero potential (and zero field) at the lower mirror, which means they create a gravitational potential difference of Δ U = − 2 G M r {\\displaystyle \\Delta U=-{\\frac {2GM}{r}}} between the upper and lower mirrors. Despite this gravitational potential difference, the gravitational field at the upper and lower mirrors is 0, and the atom is never in any position with a nonzero gravitation field. Still, a time T {\\displaystyle T} spent at the mirrors with that potential difference causes a phase shift,",
"title": "Gravitational effect"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "Δ ϕ = Δ U m T / ℏ = − 2 G M m T r ℏ {\\displaystyle \\Delta \\phi =\\Delta UmT/\\hbar =-{\\frac {2GMmT}{r\\hbar }}}",
"title": "Gravitational effect"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "where m {\\displaystyle m} is the mass of the atom. This phase shift is detected by observing the interference pattern where the atom paths recombine, which will be different depending on whether the potential difference was applied.",
"title": "Gravitational effect"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "Instead of these idealized paths for the atom that involve \"mirrors\" that pause the atom in its place while a potential is applied, the atom could be moved in those paths by an optical lattice. This would allow precise control over the positions of the atom and the amount of time spent in the gravitational potential.",
"title": "Gravitational effect"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "The various electromagnetic versions of the Aharonv-Bohm effect can be described in a way that does not suggest any physical reality to the electromagnetic potentials and does not require any nonlocality, by treating the sources of the electromagnetic field and the electromagnetic field itself quantum mechanically, instead of treating the test charge (electron) quantum mechanically and the electromagnetic field and its sources classically. Without a theory of quantum gravity, we cannot appeal to a fully quantum treatment of the test mass (atom), the sources of the gravitational field, and the gravitational field itself in order to explain the gravitational Aharonov-Bohm effect in a fully local, gauge-independent manner. However, this effect can be explained in a local, gauge-independent manner by considering the gravitational time dilation experienced by the atom in the path with the nonzero potential, and taking into account that matter waves pick up a phase at the Compton frequency of the matter.",
"title": "Gravitational effect"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "In January 2022, a team led by Mark Kasevich announced that they had experimentally observed a gravitational Aharonov-Bohm effect with an experiment broadly similar to the one outlined above.",
"title": "Experimental observation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "The source of the gravitational potential in their experiment was a single 1.25 kg tungsten mass. The test masses were rubidium-87 atoms. The tungsten mass was fixed, so the gravitational field caused by the tungsten mass was not zero everywhere along the paths of the Rb atoms. This means that the phase shift of the rubidium atoms between the 2 paths was not caused by a gravitational potential energy difference alone, but also by a difference in the gravitational force felt by the atoms in the 2 paths. By detecting a difference in the phase shift between when the tungsten mass is present and when it is not present, they observed a phase shift consistent with that predicted by the Aharonov-Bohm effect",
"title": "Experimental observation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 18,
"text": "The \"beamsplitters\" and \"mirrors\" used to make the Rb atoms interfere are not solid-state components as would be the case with standard interferometers with light. Rather, the beamsplitters and mirrors consisted of laser pulses that coherently transfer momentum between the atoms and photons.",
"title": "Experimental observation"
}
] |
In physics, the gravitational Aharonov-Bohm effect is a phenomenon involving the behavior of particles acting according to quantum mechanics while under the influence of a classical gravitational field. It is the gravitational analog of the well-known Aharonov–Bohm effect, which is about the quantum mechanical behavior of particles in a classical electromagnetic field.
|
2023-12-03T01:07:14Z
|
2023-12-19T03:21:06Z
|
[
"Template:Main article",
"Template:Cite journal"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_Aharonov-Bohm_effect
|
75,468,418 |
The Exit (disambiguation)
|
The Exit can refer to:
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Exit can refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] |
The Exit can refer to:
|
2023-12-03T01:11:39Z
|
2023-12-03T01:11:39Z
|
[
"Template:Disambiguation"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Exit_(disambiguation)
|
75,468,459 |
Anaulacodithella plurisetosa
|
Anaulacodithella plurisetosa is a species of pseudoscorpion in the Chthoniidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1976 by Austrian arachnologist Max Beier.
The body length is 1.3–1.5 mm.
The species occurs only on Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea. The type locality is Boat Harbour. The pseudoscorpions are found in plant litter.
The pseudoscorpions are terrestrial predators.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Anaulacodithella plurisetosa is a species of pseudoscorpion in the Chthoniidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1976 by Austrian arachnologist Max Beier.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The body length is 1.3–1.5 mm.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The species occurs only on Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea. The type locality is Boat Harbour. The pseudoscorpions are found in plant litter.",
"title": "Distribution and habitat"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The pseudoscorpions are terrestrial predators.",
"title": "Behaviour"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] |
Anaulacodithella plurisetosa is a species of pseudoscorpion in the Chthoniidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1976 by Austrian arachnologist Max Beier.
|
2023-12-03T01:18:31Z
|
2023-12-03T01:18:31Z
|
[
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Speciesbox",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Taxonbar",
"Template:Pseudoscorpion-stub"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaulacodithella_plurisetosa
|
75,468,525 |
Dzmitry Shautsou
|
Dzmitry Yaŭhienavič Shautsou (Belarusian: Дзмітрый Яўгенавіч Шаўцоў, romanized: Dzmitry Yaŭhienavič Šaŭcoŭ; Russian: Дмитрий Евгеньевич Шевцов, romanized: Dmitry Yevgenyevich Shevtsov; born 3 November 1973) is a Belarusian physician and politician currently serving as head of the Belarus Red Cross since 10 June 2021. He previously served as a deputy of the House of Representatives from 2012 to 2019. Shautsou has acquired controversy as head of the Belarus Red Cross for statements in support of homophobia, Child abductions in the Russo-Ukrainian War, and the stationing of Russian nuclear weapons in Belarus, for which the group was suspended from the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies on 1 December 2023.
Dzmitry Shautsou was born on 3 November 1973. He was raised in the city of Zhlobin, before graduating from the Belarusian State Medical University. He later studied at Gomel State Medical University.
In 2000 Shautsou became the deputy main doctor at Zhlobin District Central Hospital. In 2005 Shautsou moved to the Belarusian capital, Minsk, where he worked at the 34th Clinic. Within a year, he became the clinic's head doctor.
From 2003 until the 2004 Belarusian parliamentary election Shautsou briefly served as a deputy of the House of Representatives from Zhlobin. In this time, he sought to acquire further funding for the Zhlobin District Central Hospital. After this, he became a deputy of the Minsk City Council [be] before returning to national politics in the 2012 Belarusian parliamentary election, successfully running as a candidate in the Minsk-Kolasaŭskaja electoral district. He was re-elected in 2016, and served as head of the Minsk Electoral Commission during the 2019 Belarusian parliamentary election. After protests broke out, Shautsou defended the results, accusing protesters of being "provocateurs".
On 10 September 2021, Shautsou was appointed as head of the Belarus Red Cross by the body's presidium, succeeding Volha Myčko [be] after her five-year term expired. Myčko praised Shaustou after his appointment, saying that he had a "human heart". After being appointed, Shautsou began to attack members of the LGBT community, referring to homosexuality as "perversion" and "psychological retardation". He also called on LGBT individuals to be "treated", a statement which drew condemnation from the Belarusian Helsinki Committee.
In June 2022, Shautsou visited Mariupol amidst the Russian siege of the city during the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Shautsou's appearance in the city, where he wore a military uniform bearing the Z symbol used by Russian pro-war authorities. He also met with Russian separatist officials during his visit. During his appearance, he admitted in an interview to Belarusian state television to involvement in child abductions in the Russo-Ukrainian War, claiming that the Belarus Red Cross "does everything to make children forget the horrors of war and relax and feel that there is an island of happiness."
Shautsou's remarks were met with intense criticism from the government of Ukraine, the Belarusian opposition, and the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. Dmytro Kuleba urged the International Criminal Court to issue an arrest warrant against Shautsou, while Pavel Latushko, head of the National Anti-Crisis Management and deputy head of the United Transitional Cabinet called on the IFRC to remove the Belarusian Red Cross. The IFRC launched an investigation into the Belarusian Red Cross for breaches of the federation's principles and urged the group to express further independence from the governments of Belarus and Russia.
On 21 July 2023, Shautsou triggered further controversy by expressing his support for the deployment of nuclear weapons to Belarus, which led to further condemnation by the IFRC. The website of the Belarusian Red Cross was also hacked by the Belarusian hacktivist Cyber Partisans group, which revealed further documents about the BRC's involvement in child abductions.
On 4 October 2023 the IFRC completed its investigation, finding that Shautsou breached the organisation's guidelines, and called for him to be removed by 30 November 2023 under the threat of suspending the BRC's membership. After the BRC refused to take any action on removing Shautsou, the group was formally suspended on 1 December 2023. Shautsou condemned the organisation's suspension, calling it "absolutely politicised" and claiming that he was assisting the safe return of Ukrainian children.
Shautsou is married to Natallia Shautsova, whom he met while studying at the Belarusian State Medical University. They have two sons, both of whom are adults. He lives in Minsk.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Dzmitry Yaŭhienavič Shautsou (Belarusian: Дзмітрый Яўгенавіч Шаўцоў, romanized: Dzmitry Yaŭhienavič Šaŭcoŭ; Russian: Дмитрий Евгеньевич Шевцов, romanized: Dmitry Yevgenyevich Shevtsov; born 3 November 1973) is a Belarusian physician and politician currently serving as head of the Belarus Red Cross since 10 June 2021. He previously served as a deputy of the House of Representatives from 2012 to 2019. Shautsou has acquired controversy as head of the Belarus Red Cross for statements in support of homophobia, Child abductions in the Russo-Ukrainian War, and the stationing of Russian nuclear weapons in Belarus, for which the group was suspended from the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies on 1 December 2023.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Dzmitry Shautsou was born on 3 November 1973. He was raised in the city of Zhlobin, before graduating from the Belarusian State Medical University. He later studied at Gomel State Medical University.",
"title": "Early life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 2000 Shautsou became the deputy main doctor at Zhlobin District Central Hospital. In 2005 Shautsou moved to the Belarusian capital, Minsk, where he worked at the 34th Clinic. Within a year, he became the clinic's head doctor.",
"title": "Early life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "From 2003 until the 2004 Belarusian parliamentary election Shautsou briefly served as a deputy of the House of Representatives from Zhlobin. In this time, he sought to acquire further funding for the Zhlobin District Central Hospital. After this, he became a deputy of the Minsk City Council [be] before returning to national politics in the 2012 Belarusian parliamentary election, successfully running as a candidate in the Minsk-Kolasaŭskaja electoral district. He was re-elected in 2016, and served as head of the Minsk Electoral Commission during the 2019 Belarusian parliamentary election. After protests broke out, Shautsou defended the results, accusing protesters of being \"provocateurs\".",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "On 10 September 2021, Shautsou was appointed as head of the Belarus Red Cross by the body's presidium, succeeding Volha Myčko [be] after her five-year term expired. Myčko praised Shaustou after his appointment, saying that he had a \"human heart\". After being appointed, Shautsou began to attack members of the LGBT community, referring to homosexuality as \"perversion\" and \"psychological retardation\". He also called on LGBT individuals to be \"treated\", a statement which drew condemnation from the Belarusian Helsinki Committee.",
"title": "Belarus Red Cross"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In June 2022, Shautsou visited Mariupol amidst the Russian siege of the city during the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Shautsou's appearance in the city, where he wore a military uniform bearing the Z symbol used by Russian pro-war authorities. He also met with Russian separatist officials during his visit. During his appearance, he admitted in an interview to Belarusian state television to involvement in child abductions in the Russo-Ukrainian War, claiming that the Belarus Red Cross \"does everything to make children forget the horrors of war and relax and feel that there is an island of happiness.\"",
"title": "Belarus Red Cross"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Shautsou's remarks were met with intense criticism from the government of Ukraine, the Belarusian opposition, and the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. Dmytro Kuleba urged the International Criminal Court to issue an arrest warrant against Shautsou, while Pavel Latushko, head of the National Anti-Crisis Management and deputy head of the United Transitional Cabinet called on the IFRC to remove the Belarusian Red Cross. The IFRC launched an investigation into the Belarusian Red Cross for breaches of the federation's principles and urged the group to express further independence from the governments of Belarus and Russia.",
"title": "Belarus Red Cross"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "On 21 July 2023, Shautsou triggered further controversy by expressing his support for the deployment of nuclear weapons to Belarus, which led to further condemnation by the IFRC. The website of the Belarusian Red Cross was also hacked by the Belarusian hacktivist Cyber Partisans group, which revealed further documents about the BRC's involvement in child abductions.",
"title": "Belarus Red Cross"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "On 4 October 2023 the IFRC completed its investigation, finding that Shautsou breached the organisation's guidelines, and called for him to be removed by 30 November 2023 under the threat of suspending the BRC's membership. After the BRC refused to take any action on removing Shautsou, the group was formally suspended on 1 December 2023. Shautsou condemned the organisation's suspension, calling it \"absolutely politicised\" and claiming that he was assisting the safe return of Ukrainian children.",
"title": "Belarus Red Cross"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Shautsou is married to Natallia Shautsova, whom he met while studying at the Belarusian State Medical University. They have two sons, both of whom are adults. He lives in Minsk.",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] |
Dzmitry Yaŭhienavič Shautsou is a Belarusian physician and politician currently serving as head of the Belarus Red Cross since 10 June 2021. He previously served as a deputy of the House of Representatives from 2012 to 2019. Shautsou has acquired controversy as head of the Belarus Red Cross for statements in support of homophobia, Child abductions in the Russo-Ukrainian War, and the stationing of Russian nuclear weapons in Belarus, for which the group was suspended from the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies on 1 December 2023.
|
2023-12-03T01:29:03Z
|
2023-12-13T20:56:24Z
|
[
"Template:Lang-be",
"Template:Lang-ru",
"Template:Ill",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite news",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Family name hatnote",
"Template:Use dmy dates",
"Template:Infobox officeholder"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzmitry_Shautsou
|
75,468,535 |
Brock Glenn
|
Brock Glenn is an American football quarterback for the Florida State Seminoles.
Glenn attended Lausanne Collegiate School in Memphis, Tennessee. During his high school career he had 3,928 passing yards with 57 touchdowns and 1,654 rushing yards with 11 touchdowns. He originally committed to play college football at Ohio State University before switching to Florida State University to play college football.
Glenn began his true freshman season as a third-string behind Jordan Travis and Tate Rodemaker. After injuries to Travis and Rodemaker, Glenn started his first career game in the 2023 ACC Championship.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Brock Glenn is an American football quarterback for the Florida State Seminoles.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Glenn attended Lausanne Collegiate School in Memphis, Tennessee. During his high school career he had 3,928 passing yards with 57 touchdowns and 1,654 rushing yards with 11 touchdowns. He originally committed to play college football at Ohio State University before switching to Florida State University to play college football.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Glenn began his true freshman season as a third-string behind Jordan Travis and Tate Rodemaker. After injuries to Travis and Rodemaker, Glenn started his first career game in the 2023 ACC Championship.",
"title": "Career"
}
] |
Brock Glenn is an American football quarterback for the Florida State Seminoles.
|
2023-12-03T01:31:26Z
|
2023-12-04T03:26:16Z
|
[
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox college football player",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Florida State Seminoles quarterback navbox"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brock_Glenn
|
75,468,545 |
Eremasi Radrodro
|
Eremasi Navari Radrodro (born 17 September 1987) is a Fijian rugby union player and former international.
Radrodro is a native of Batiki island in the Lomaiviti archipelago.
A back-row forward, Radrodro has played locally for Nadroga, where he has family from, as well as Suva based club Fijian Latui. In 2016, Radrodro was capped four times for Fiji, including a Test at Twickenham against England. He spent a season in France's Pro D2 with Vannes in 2017–18 and captained Fijian Drua in the 2019 National Rugby Championship.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Eremasi Navari Radrodro (born 17 September 1987) is a Fijian rugby union player and former international.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Radrodro is a native of Batiki island in the Lomaiviti archipelago.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "A back-row forward, Radrodro has played locally for Nadroga, where he has family from, as well as Suva based club Fijian Latui. In 2016, Radrodro was capped four times for Fiji, including a Test at Twickenham against England. He spent a season in France's Pro D2 with Vannes in 2017–18 and captained Fijian Drua in the 2019 National Rugby Championship.",
"title": ""
}
] |
Eremasi Navari Radrodro is a Fijian rugby union player and former international. Radrodro is a native of Batiki island in the Lomaiviti archipelago. A back-row forward, Radrodro has played locally for Nadroga, where he has family from, as well as Suva based club Fijian Latui. In 2016, Radrodro was capped four times for Fiji, including a Test at Twickenham against England. He spent a season in France's Pro D2 with Vannes in 2017–18 and captained Fijian Drua in the 2019 National Rugby Championship.
|
2023-12-03T01:33:36Z
|
2023-12-03T01:38:17Z
|
[
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite news",
"Template:ESPNscrum",
"Template:Infobox rugby biography"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eremasi_Radrodro
|
75,468,555 |
Bahjat Abu Gharbieh
|
Bahjat Abu Gharbiah (Arabic: بهجت ابو غربية, 1916-2012) was a Palestinian politician. He is the co-founder of the branch of the Ba'ath Party in Ramallah, one of the most active branches in the West Bank. He is in many armed resistance and diplomatic positions in joining for the Palestinian territories.
Bahjat was born in Khan Yunis in 1916, from a family originally from Hebron. He participated in the armed resistance during the revolt of 1939 and the Nakba of 1948. He was also a leader of the Holy Liberation Army and in the battle of Al-Qastal in 1948.
He founded a branch of the Baath Party in Ramallah and was a member of the main leadership of the party from 1949 to 1959. He was appointed as the inaugural members of the Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) in August 1964, where he led the opposition party to the leader, Ahmad Shukeiri. He was also a member of the Palestinian National Council (PNC), and formed the People's Resistance Committee, together with Subhi Ghushah and Ishak Duzdar in Jerusalem in May 1967;
He was re-elected as a member of the PLO Executive Committee in 1971 to 1972. He ran in the PNC presidency election in 1977, but lost to Khaled Fahum.
He gave a speech at a right to return rally in Amman in December 2001.
He died on January 26, 2012.
He published a war memoir in Arabic published by the Institute of Palestine Studies in 1993, entitled - In the Midst of the Struggle for the Arab Palestinian Cause: The Memoirs of Freedom-Fighter Bahjat Abu Gharbieh, 1916-1949, which explains his role in the resistance of the Palestinian people especially during the Great Revolt (1936-1939) against the British and the 1948 War.
The second volume of his memoirs published by the Arab Institute for Research and Publication in 2005 covers his story during the period between the Nakbah and the Intifadah (1949-2000).
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Bahjat Abu Gharbiah (Arabic: بهجت ابو غربية, 1916-2012) was a Palestinian politician. He is the co-founder of the branch of the Ba'ath Party in Ramallah, one of the most active branches in the West Bank. He is in many armed resistance and diplomatic positions in joining for the Palestinian territories.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Bahjat was born in Khan Yunis in 1916, from a family originally from Hebron. He participated in the armed resistance during the revolt of 1939 and the Nakba of 1948. He was also a leader of the Holy Liberation Army and in the battle of Al-Qastal in 1948.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "He founded a branch of the Baath Party in Ramallah and was a member of the main leadership of the party from 1949 to 1959. He was appointed as the inaugural members of the Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) in August 1964, where he led the opposition party to the leader, Ahmad Shukeiri. He was also a member of the Palestinian National Council (PNC), and formed the People's Resistance Committee, together with Subhi Ghushah and Ishak Duzdar in Jerusalem in May 1967;",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "He was re-elected as a member of the PLO Executive Committee in 1971 to 1972. He ran in the PNC presidency election in 1977, but lost to Khaled Fahum.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "He gave a speech at a right to return rally in Amman in December 2001.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "He died on January 26, 2012.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "He published a war memoir in Arabic published by the Institute of Palestine Studies in 1993, entitled - In the Midst of the Struggle for the Arab Palestinian Cause: The Memoirs of Freedom-Fighter Bahjat Abu Gharbieh, 1916-1949, which explains his role in the resistance of the Palestinian people especially during the Great Revolt (1936-1939) against the British and the 1948 War.",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "The second volume of his memoirs published by the Arab Institute for Research and Publication in 2005 covers his story during the period between the Nakbah and the Intifadah (1949-2000).",
"title": "Works"
}
] |
Bahjat Abu Gharbiah was a Palestinian politician. He is the co-founder of the branch of the Ba'ath Party in Ramallah, one of the most active branches in the West Bank. He is in many armed resistance and diplomatic positions in joining for the Palestinian territories.
|
2023-12-03T01:36:28Z
|
2023-12-03T10:43:25Z
|
[
"Template:Refbegin",
"Template:Refend",
"Template:Infobox officeholder",
"Template:Lang-ar",
"Template:Sfn",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite book"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahjat_Abu_Gharbieh
|
75,468,659 |
Australian Electoral Company
|
The Australian Electoral Company (AEC) is a private company which conducts Australian elections, including at the local government level.
The company has never conducted an election at a state or federal level, which are managed by state electoral commissions and the Australian Electoral Commission respectively.
The company was founded ahead of the 2012 New South Wales local elections, and conducted the elections for three councils − Coffs Harbour, Kempsey and Tweed Heads − instead of the New South Wales Electoral Commission. Despite a staff recommendation, Port Macquarie-Hastings Council opted not to use the company, partly because it had not conducted any elections in New South Wales before.
The first election for Norfolk Island Regional Council in 2016 was conducted by the company, as was the election for the City of Maitland the following year.
At the 2021 New South Wales local elections, both Fairfield City Council and Penrith City Council used the company's services.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Australian Electoral Company (AEC) is a private company which conducts Australian elections, including at the local government level.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The company has never conducted an election at a state or federal level, which are managed by state electoral commissions and the Australian Electoral Commission respectively.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The company was founded ahead of the 2012 New South Wales local elections, and conducted the elections for three councils − Coffs Harbour, Kempsey and Tweed Heads − instead of the New South Wales Electoral Commission. Despite a staff recommendation, Port Macquarie-Hastings Council opted not to use the company, partly because it had not conducted any elections in New South Wales before.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The first election for Norfolk Island Regional Council in 2016 was conducted by the company, as was the election for the City of Maitland the following year.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "At the 2021 New South Wales local elections, both Fairfield City Council and Penrith City Council used the company's services.",
"title": "History"
}
] |
The Australian Electoral Company (AEC) is a private company which conducts Australian elections, including at the local government level. The company has never conducted an election at a state or federal level, which are managed by state electoral commissions and the Australian Electoral Commission respectively.
|
2023-12-03T01:54:57Z
|
2023-12-03T04:14:43Z
|
[
"Template:For",
"Template:Infobox company",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Electoral_Company
|
75,468,663 |
Wheelchair basketball at the 2023 Parapan American Games
|
Wheelchair basketball competitions at the 2023 Parapan American Games in Santiago, Chile were held at the Multisport Complex 1 from 18 to 25 November 2023.
The two finalists in the women's tournament and the three medalists in the men's tournament qualified for the 2024 Summer Paralympics.
There are 187 players from 10 nations participating in the games.
* Host nation (Chile)
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Wheelchair basketball competitions at the 2023 Parapan American Games in Santiago, Chile were held at the Multisport Complex 1 from 18 to 25 November 2023.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The two finalists in the women's tournament and the three medalists in the men's tournament qualified for the 2024 Summer Paralympics.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "There are 187 players from 10 nations participating in the games.",
"title": "Participating nations"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "* Host nation (Chile)",
"title": "Medal summary"
}
] |
Wheelchair basketball competitions at the 2023 Parapan American Games in Santiago, Chile were held at the Multisport Complex 1 from 18 to 25 November 2023. The two finalists in the women's tournament and the three medalists in the men's tournament qualified for the 2024 Summer Paralympics.
|
2023-12-03T01:55:29Z
|
2023-12-16T05:51:55Z
|
[
"Template:Div col end",
"Template:Medals table",
"Template:DetailsLink",
"Template:Wheelchair basketball at the Parapan American Games",
"Template:Infobox Parapan American Games event",
"Template:FlagIPC2",
"Template:MedalistTable",
"Template:FlagIOC2team",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Events at the 2023 Parapan American Games",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Div col"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheelchair_basketball_at_the_2023_Parapan_American_Games
|
75,468,672 |
Quasi-polynomial growth
|
In theoretical computer science, a function f ( n ) {\displaystyle f(n)} is said to exhibit quasi-polynomial growth when it has an upper bound of the form
for some constant c {\displaystyle c} , as expressed using big O notation. That is, it is bounded by an exponential function of a polylogarithmic function. This generalizes the polynomials and the functions of polynomial growth, for which one can take c = 1 {\displaystyle c=1} . A function with quasi-polynomial growth is also said to be quasi-polynomially bounded.
Quasi-polynomial growth has been used in the analysis of algorithms to describe certain algorithms whose computational complexity is not polynomial, but is substantially smaller than exponential. In particular, algorithms whose worst-case running times exhibit quasi-polynomial growth are said to take quasi-polynomial time. As well as time complexity, some algorithms require quasi-polynomial space complexity, use a quasi-polynomial number of parallel processors, can be expressed as algebraic formulas of quasi-polynomial size or have a quasi-polynomial competitive ratio. In some other cases, quasi-polynomial growth is used to model restrictions on the inputs to a problem that, when present, lead to good performance from algorithms on those inputs.
Beyond theoretical computer science, quasi-polynomial growth bounds have also been used in mathematics, for instance in partial results on the Hirsch conjecture for the diameter of polytopes in polyhedral combinatorics, or relating the sizes of cliques and independent sets in certain classes of graphs. However, in polyhedral combinatorics and enumerative combinatorics, a different meaning of the same word also is used, for the quasi-polynomials, functions that generalize polynomials by having periodic coefficients.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "In theoretical computer science, a function f ( n ) {\\displaystyle f(n)} is said to exhibit quasi-polynomial growth when it has an upper bound of the form",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "for some constant c {\\displaystyle c} , as expressed using big O notation. That is, it is bounded by an exponential function of a polylogarithmic function. This generalizes the polynomials and the functions of polynomial growth, for which one can take c = 1 {\\displaystyle c=1} . A function with quasi-polynomial growth is also said to be quasi-polynomially bounded.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Quasi-polynomial growth has been used in the analysis of algorithms to describe certain algorithms whose computational complexity is not polynomial, but is substantially smaller than exponential. In particular, algorithms whose worst-case running times exhibit quasi-polynomial growth are said to take quasi-polynomial time. As well as time complexity, some algorithms require quasi-polynomial space complexity, use a quasi-polynomial number of parallel processors, can be expressed as algebraic formulas of quasi-polynomial size or have a quasi-polynomial competitive ratio. In some other cases, quasi-polynomial growth is used to model restrictions on the inputs to a problem that, when present, lead to good performance from algorithms on those inputs.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Beyond theoretical computer science, quasi-polynomial growth bounds have also been used in mathematics, for instance in partial results on the Hirsch conjecture for the diameter of polytopes in polyhedral combinatorics, or relating the sizes of cliques and independent sets in certain classes of graphs. However, in polyhedral combinatorics and enumerative combinatorics, a different meaning of the same word also is used, for the quasi-polynomials, functions that generalize polynomials by having periodic coefficients.",
"title": ""
}
] |
In theoretical computer science, a function f is said to exhibit quasi-polynomial growth when it has an upper bound of the form for some constant c , as expressed using big O notation. That is, it is bounded by an exponential function of a polylogarithmic function. This generalizes the polynomials and the functions of polynomial growth, for which one can take c = 1 . A function with quasi-polynomial growth is also said to be quasi-polynomially bounded. Quasi-polynomial growth has been used in the analysis of algorithms to describe certain algorithms whose computational complexity is not polynomial, but is substantially smaller than exponential. In particular, algorithms whose worst-case running times exhibit quasi-polynomial growth are said to take quasi-polynomial time. As well as time complexity, some algorithms require quasi-polynomial space complexity, use a quasi-polynomial number of parallel processors, can be expressed as algebraic formulas of quasi-polynomial size or have a quasi-polynomial competitive ratio. In some other cases, quasi-polynomial growth is used to model restrictions on the inputs to a problem that, when present, lead to good performance from algorithms on those inputs. Beyond theoretical computer science, quasi-polynomial growth bounds have also been used in mathematics, for instance in partial results on the Hirsch conjecture for the diameter of polytopes in polyhedral combinatorics, or relating the sizes of cliques and independent sets in certain classes of graphs. However, in polyhedral combinatorics and enumerative combinatorics, a different meaning of the same word also is used, for the quasi-polynomials, functions that generalize polynomials by having periodic coefficients.
|
2023-12-03T01:57:52Z
|
2023-12-11T08:45:54Z
|
[
"Template:Use mdy dates",
"Template:Use list-defined references",
"Template:R",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Bots",
"Template:About",
"Template:Short description"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasi-polynomial_growth
|
75,468,679 |
Harold Tabor
|
Harold Adelman Tabor (July 19, 1897 – April 7, 1977) was an American politician.
Tabor was born near Wray, Colorado, on July 19, 1897, to parents A. E. and Nancy Ann Tabor. He was educated in Yuma County, then left Colorado for Iowa to attend Graceland College for one year, 1917. He married Laura Lucille Curtis on November 23, 1919, with whom he raised five children.
Upon his return to Colorado, Tabor settled in Laird, where he farmed, and was elected to the Colorado House of Representatives as a Republican from 1937 to 1946. Tabor began moving eastward to Lamoni, Iowa, in 1945, where he continued farming alongside a son, Eugene. Between 1955 and 1957, Tabor held the District 6 seat in the Iowa House of Representatives.
Tabor was active in the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints from his days in Colorado. He was a teacher in 1920, became a priest in 1930, an elder in 1932, and a high priest in 1942. From 1933 to 1945, Tabor was a pastor in Wray, as well as a bishop's agent. Upon moving to Lamoni, Tabor joined the Oland congregation, counseled the Lamoni Stake president from 1948 to 1958, and also served on the Lamoni Stake High Council for two decades. He died at the Decatur County Hospital Hospital in Leon on April 7, 1977.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Harold Adelman Tabor (July 19, 1897 – April 7, 1977) was an American politician.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Tabor was born near Wray, Colorado, on July 19, 1897, to parents A. E. and Nancy Ann Tabor. He was educated in Yuma County, then left Colorado for Iowa to attend Graceland College for one year, 1917. He married Laura Lucille Curtis on November 23, 1919, with whom he raised five children.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Upon his return to Colorado, Tabor settled in Laird, where he farmed, and was elected to the Colorado House of Representatives as a Republican from 1937 to 1946. Tabor began moving eastward to Lamoni, Iowa, in 1945, where he continued farming alongside a son, Eugene. Between 1955 and 1957, Tabor held the District 6 seat in the Iowa House of Representatives.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Tabor was active in the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints from his days in Colorado. He was a teacher in 1920, became a priest in 1930, an elder in 1932, and a high priest in 1942. From 1933 to 1945, Tabor was a pastor in Wray, as well as a bishop's agent. Upon moving to Lamoni, Tabor joined the Oland congregation, counseled the Lamoni Stake president from 1948 to 1958, and also served on the Lamoni Stake High Council for two decades. He died at the Decatur County Hospital Hospital in Leon on April 7, 1977.",
"title": ""
}
] |
Harold Adelman Tabor was an American politician. Tabor was born near Wray, Colorado, on July 19, 1897, to parents A. E. and Nancy Ann Tabor. He was educated in Yuma County, then left Colorado for Iowa to attend Graceland College for one year, 1917. He married Laura Lucille Curtis on November 23, 1919, with whom he raised five children. Upon his return to Colorado, Tabor settled in Laird, where he farmed, and was elected to the Colorado House of Representatives as a Republican from 1937 to 1946. Tabor began moving eastward to Lamoni, Iowa, in 1945, where he continued farming alongside a son, Eugene. Between 1955 and 1957, Tabor held the District 6 seat in the Iowa House of Representatives. Tabor was active in the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints from his days in Colorado. He was a teacher in 1920, became a priest in 1930, an elder in 1932, and a high priest in 1942. From 1933 to 1945, Tabor was a pastor in Wray, as well as a bishop's agent. Upon moving to Lamoni, Tabor joined the Oland congregation, counseled the Lamoni Stake president from 1948 to 1958, and also served on the Lamoni Stake High Council for two decades. He died at the Decatur County Hospital Hospital in Leon on April 7, 1977.
|
2023-12-03T01:59:28Z
|
2023-12-06T01:25:39Z
|
[
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Use mdy dates",
"Template:Refimprove",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite news",
"Template:Authority control"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Tabor
|
75,468,697 |
Fanats FC
|
[] |
2023-12-03T02:03:56Z
|
2023-12-03T02:51:55Z
|
[] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanats_FC
|
||
75,468,706 |
Pachwan
|
Pachwan (Devanagari: पचवान Pachwān) is a village in Kotla block of Firozabad district, Uttar Pradesh. As of 2011, it has a population of 8,259, in 1,462 households.
As of 2011, Pachwan had a population of 8,259, in 1,462 households. This population was 52.1% male (4,307) and 47.9% female (3,952). The 0-6 age group numbered 1,307 (678 male and 629 female), making up 15.8% of the total population. 2,504 residents were members of Scheduled Castes, or 30.3% of the total.
The 1981 census recorded Pachwan as having a population of 3,283 people (1,806 male and 1,477 female), in 530 households and 524 physical houses.
The 1961 census recorded Pachwan as comprising 6 hamlets, with a total population of 2,500 people (1,371 male and 1,129 female), in 464 households and 355 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 2,019 acres and it had a post office and medical practitioner at that point.
As of 2011, Pachwan had 4 primary schools and 1 primary health sub centre and veterinary hospital. Drinking water was provided by hand pump; there were no public toilets. The village had a sub post office but no public library; there was at least some access to electricity for all purposes. Streets were made of both kachcha and pakka materials.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Pachwan (Devanagari: पचवान Pachwān) is a village in Kotla block of Firozabad district, Uttar Pradesh. As of 2011, it has a population of 8,259, in 1,462 households.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "As of 2011, Pachwan had a population of 8,259, in 1,462 households. This population was 52.1% male (4,307) and 47.9% female (3,952). The 0-6 age group numbered 1,307 (678 male and 629 female), making up 15.8% of the total population. 2,504 residents were members of Scheduled Castes, or 30.3% of the total.",
"title": "Demographics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The 1981 census recorded Pachwan as having a population of 3,283 people (1,806 male and 1,477 female), in 530 households and 524 physical houses.",
"title": "Demographics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The 1961 census recorded Pachwan as comprising 6 hamlets, with a total population of 2,500 people (1,371 male and 1,129 female), in 464 households and 355 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 2,019 acres and it had a post office and medical practitioner at that point.",
"title": "Demographics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "As of 2011, Pachwan had 4 primary schools and 1 primary health sub centre and veterinary hospital. Drinking water was provided by hand pump; there were no public toilets. The village had a sub post office but no public library; there was at least some access to electricity for all purposes. Streets were made of both kachcha and pakka materials.",
"title": "Infrastructure"
}
] |
Pachwan is a village in Kotla block of Firozabad district, Uttar Pradesh. As of 2011, it has a population of 8,259, in 1,462 households.
|
2023-12-03T02:05:25Z
|
2023-12-10T18:02:37Z
|
[
"Template:Rp",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:IAST",
"Template:Use Indian English",
"Template:Use dmy dates",
"Template:Infobox settlement",
"Template:Cite book",
"Template:Firozabad district",
"Template:Short description"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pachwan
|
75,468,720 |
G6021 Hangzhou–Changsha Expressway
|
The G6021 Hangzhou–Changsha Expressway (Chinese: 杭州－长沙高速公路), commonly referred to as the Hangchang Expressway (Chinese: 杭长高速公路), is an expressway in China that connects the cities of Hangzhou, Zhejiang and Changsha, Hunan.
The route starts in Hangzhou and passes through Kaihua County, Dexing, Yugan County, Nanchang, Fengxin County, Tonggu County, Liuyang, before terminating in Changsha.
The expressway connects the provinces of Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan and was fully opened to traffic on 30 June 2022.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The G6021 Hangzhou–Changsha Expressway (Chinese: 杭州－长沙高速公路), commonly referred to as the Hangchang Expressway (Chinese: 杭长高速公路), is an expressway in China that connects the cities of Hangzhou, Zhejiang and Changsha, Hunan.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The route starts in Hangzhou and passes through Kaihua County, Dexing, Yugan County, Nanchang, Fengxin County, Tonggu County, Liuyang, before terminating in Changsha.",
"title": "Route"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The expressway connects the provinces of Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan and was fully opened to traffic on 30 June 2022.",
"title": "Route"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] |
The G6021 Hangzhou–Changsha Expressway, commonly referred to as the Hangchang Expressway, is an expressway in China that connects the cities of Hangzhou, Zhejiang and Changsha, Hunan.
|
2023-12-03T02:08:16Z
|
2023-12-12T12:41:08Z
|
[
"Template:Zh",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:NTHS Expressways",
"Template:PRChina-road-stub",
"Template:Infobox road"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G6021_Hangzhou%E2%80%93Changsha_Expressway
|
75,468,729 |
Joeli Veitayaki Jr.
|
Joeli Veitayaki Jr. (born 14 March 1986) is a Fijian former rugby union international.
Veitayaki, a native of Gau Island, is of no relation to the Fiji prop of the same name, but is a nephew of dual-code international Pauliasi Tabulutu. He plays his local rugby for Naitasiri and has been capped seven times for Fiji, all as a substitute. In 2018, he was a member of the Fijian Drua side which won the National Rugby Championship.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Joeli Veitayaki Jr. (born 14 March 1986) is a Fijian former rugby union international.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Veitayaki, a native of Gau Island, is of no relation to the Fiji prop of the same name, but is a nephew of dual-code international Pauliasi Tabulutu. He plays his local rugby for Naitasiri and has been capped seven times for Fiji, all as a substitute. In 2018, he was a member of the Fijian Drua side which won the National Rugby Championship.",
"title": ""
}
] |
Joeli Veitayaki Jr. is a Fijian former rugby union international. Veitayaki, a native of Gau Island, is of no relation to the Fiji prop of the same name, but is a nephew of dual-code international Pauliasi Tabulutu. He plays his local rugby for Naitasiri and has been capped seven times for Fiji, all as a substitute. In 2018, he was a member of the Fijian Drua side which won the National Rugby Championship.
|
2023-12-03T02:11:14Z
|
2023-12-03T02:15:37Z
|
[
"Template:ESPNscrum",
"Template:Infobox rugby biography",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite news"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joeli_Veitayaki_Jr.
|
75,468,745 |
Jakhai
|
Jakhai (Devanagari: जाखई Jākhaī) is a village in Kotla block of Firozabad district, Uttar Pradesh. As of 2011, it has a population of 7,719, in 1,213 households.
As of 2011, Jakhai had a population of 7,719, in 1,213 households. This population was 54.4% male (4,201) and 45.6% female (3,518). The 0-6 age group numbered 1,270 (696 male and 574 female), making up 16.5% of the total population. 2,456 residents were members of Scheduled Castes, or 31.8% of the total.
The 1981 census recorded Jakhai as having a population of 4,340 people (2,376 male and 1,964 female), in 697 households and 697 physical houses.
The 1961 census recorded Jakhai as comprising 6 hamlets, with a total population of 2,807 people (1,522 male and 1,285 female), in 503 households and 402 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 2,051 acres and it had a post office and medical practitioner at that point.
As of 2011, Jakhai had 2 primary schools; it did not have any healthcare facilities. Drinking water was provided by tap, hand pump, and tube well/borehole; there were no public toilets. The village had a sub post office but no public library; there was at least some access to electricity for residential and agricultural (but not commercial) purposes. Streets were made of both kachcha and pakka materials.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Jakhai (Devanagari: जाखई Jākhaī) is a village in Kotla block of Firozabad district, Uttar Pradesh. As of 2011, it has a population of 7,719, in 1,213 households.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "As of 2011, Jakhai had a population of 7,719, in 1,213 households. This population was 54.4% male (4,201) and 45.6% female (3,518). The 0-6 age group numbered 1,270 (696 male and 574 female), making up 16.5% of the total population. 2,456 residents were members of Scheduled Castes, or 31.8% of the total.",
"title": "Demographics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The 1981 census recorded Jakhai as having a population of 4,340 people (2,376 male and 1,964 female), in 697 households and 697 physical houses.",
"title": "Demographics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The 1961 census recorded Jakhai as comprising 6 hamlets, with a total population of 2,807 people (1,522 male and 1,285 female), in 503 households and 402 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 2,051 acres and it had a post office and medical practitioner at that point.",
"title": "Demographics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "As of 2011, Jakhai had 2 primary schools; it did not have any healthcare facilities. Drinking water was provided by tap, hand pump, and tube well/borehole; there were no public toilets. The village had a sub post office but no public library; there was at least some access to electricity for residential and agricultural (but not commercial) purposes. Streets were made of both kachcha and pakka materials.",
"title": "Infrastructure"
}
] |
Jakhai is a village in Kotla block of Firozabad district, Uttar Pradesh. As of 2011, it has a population of 7,719, in 1,213 households.
|
2023-12-03T02:14:26Z
|
2023-12-03T02:14:26Z
|
[
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Use dmy dates",
"Template:IAST",
"Template:Rp",
"Template:Use Indian English",
"Template:Infobox settlement",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite book",
"Template:Firozabad district"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakhai
|
75,468,757 |
Willard F. Goodwin
|
Willard F. Goodwin (March 20, 1942 – November 5, 2023) was an American politician. He served as a Republican member of the Georgia House of Representatives.
Goodwin was born in Kings County, New York. He attended Adelphi University and Atlanta Law School.
Goodwin served in the Georgia House of Representatives from 1983 to 1997.
Goodwin died on November 5, 2023, at the age of 81.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Willard F. Goodwin (March 20, 1942 – November 5, 2023) was an American politician. He served as a Republican member of the Georgia House of Representatives.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Goodwin was born in Kings County, New York. He attended Adelphi University and Atlanta Law School.",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Goodwin served in the Georgia House of Representatives from 1983 to 1997.",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Goodwin died on November 5, 2023, at the age of 81.",
"title": "Life and career"
}
] |
Willard F. Goodwin was an American politician. He served as a Republican member of the Georgia House of Representatives.
|
2023-12-03T02:18:25Z
|
2023-12-26T02:33:00Z
|
[
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox officeholder",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Authority control"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willard_F._Goodwin
|
75,468,760 |
Jasrathpur
|
Jasrathpur (Devanagari: जसरथपुर Jasrathpur) is a village in Kotla block of Firozabad district, Uttar Pradesh. As of 2011, it has a population of 2,235, in 358 households.
As of 2011, Jasrathpur had a population of 2,235, in 358 households. This population was 53.5% male (1,195) and 46.5% female (1,040). The 0-6 age group numbered 420 (217 male and 203 female), making up 18.8% of the total population. 394 residents were members of Scheduled Castes, or 17.6% of the total.
The 1981 census recorded Jasrathpur as having a population of 946 people (516 male and 430 female), in 157 households and 157 physical houses.
The 1961 census recorded Jasrathpur as comprising 3 hamlets, with a total population of 634 people (351 male and 283 female), in 115 households and 99 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 558 acres and it had a medical practitioner at that point.
As of 2011, Jasrathpur had 2 primary schools; it did not have any healthcare facilities. Drinking water was provided by tap, hand pump, and tube well/borehole; there were no public toilets. The village did not have a post office or public library; there was at least some access to electricity for residential and agricultural (but not commercial) purposes. Streets were made of both kachcha and pakka materials.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Jasrathpur (Devanagari: जसरथपुर Jasrathpur) is a village in Kotla block of Firozabad district, Uttar Pradesh. As of 2011, it has a population of 2,235, in 358 households.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "As of 2011, Jasrathpur had a population of 2,235, in 358 households. This population was 53.5% male (1,195) and 46.5% female (1,040). The 0-6 age group numbered 420 (217 male and 203 female), making up 18.8% of the total population. 394 residents were members of Scheduled Castes, or 17.6% of the total.",
"title": "Demographics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The 1981 census recorded Jasrathpur as having a population of 946 people (516 male and 430 female), in 157 households and 157 physical houses.",
"title": "Demographics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The 1961 census recorded Jasrathpur as comprising 3 hamlets, with a total population of 634 people (351 male and 283 female), in 115 households and 99 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 558 acres and it had a medical practitioner at that point.",
"title": "Demographics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "As of 2011, Jasrathpur had 2 primary schools; it did not have any healthcare facilities. Drinking water was provided by tap, hand pump, and tube well/borehole; there were no public toilets. The village did not have a post office or public library; there was at least some access to electricity for residential and agricultural (but not commercial) purposes. Streets were made of both kachcha and pakka materials.",
"title": "Infrastructure"
}
] |
Jasrathpur is a village in Kotla block of Firozabad district, Uttar Pradesh. As of 2011, it has a population of 2,235, in 358 households.
|
2023-12-03T02:18:51Z
|
2023-12-10T18:01:45Z
|
[
"Template:Use dmy dates",
"Template:Firozabad district",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox settlement",
"Template:IAST",
"Template:Rp",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite book",
"Template:Use Indian English"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jasrathpur
|
75,468,769 |
Daniel Jansson
|
Daniel Jansson (born 11 June 1979) is a Finnish basketball coach and a former player. He is currently working as the head coach of German Bundesliga team Tigers Tübingen.
Jansson was born in Sollentuna, Sweden to Finnish mother and Swedish father. He is of Lebanese descent on his father's side. Jansson moved to Finland at the age of three, when his parents divorced.
Jansson played in the youth teams of Kouvot. He played briefly in the men's premier division in 1998–99 season, and played in under-16 and under-18 youth national teams. After that, he spent four years in the United States studying and playing basketball. He also played in the Netherlands and Belgium, and graduated as MBA in the Maastricht University. He returned to Finland and played in the highest tier Korisliiga first with Porvoon Tarmo and last with Pussihukat, and ended his playing career at the age of 27, focusing more on coaching.
Jansson started his coaching career in Vantaa with Pussihukat, the club he had played for before.
In 2014, Jansson moved to Germany and was appointed as a youth coach for Ratiopharm Ulm youth academy teams. In 2016, when coaching the Ulm U19 academy team in the NBBL, he was named the coach of the year in the league. He also led Weißenhorn Youngstars, the academy team, to win a promotion from ProB to ProA in 2017.
During 2019-2020, Jansson was the assistant coach of the Ratiopharm Ulm first team.
In 2020, Jansson signed with Tigers Tübingen, playing in ProA. In March 2021, he extended his contract with the club. He was named The Coach of the Year in ProA consecutively in 2022 and 2023. He led the club to win the promotion in 2022, but they surrendered the league license for financial reasons. In 2023, Tübingen won the promotion again, and this time they were promoted to the Basketball Bundesliga.
In the summer 2023, Jansson was named the head coach of the Finland Summer Universiade team, for the tournament in Chengdu.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Daniel Jansson (born 11 June 1979) is a Finnish basketball coach and a former player. He is currently working as the head coach of German Bundesliga team Tigers Tübingen.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Jansson was born in Sollentuna, Sweden to Finnish mother and Swedish father. He is of Lebanese descent on his father's side. Jansson moved to Finland at the age of three, when his parents divorced.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Jansson played in the youth teams of Kouvot. He played briefly in the men's premier division in 1998–99 season, and played in under-16 and under-18 youth national teams. After that, he spent four years in the United States studying and playing basketball. He also played in the Netherlands and Belgium, and graduated as MBA in the Maastricht University. He returned to Finland and played in the highest tier Korisliiga first with Porvoon Tarmo and last with Pussihukat, and ended his playing career at the age of 27, focusing more on coaching.",
"title": "Playing career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Jansson started his coaching career in Vantaa with Pussihukat, the club he had played for before.",
"title": "Coaching career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In 2014, Jansson moved to Germany and was appointed as a youth coach for Ratiopharm Ulm youth academy teams. In 2016, when coaching the Ulm U19 academy team in the NBBL, he was named the coach of the year in the league. He also led Weißenhorn Youngstars, the academy team, to win a promotion from ProB to ProA in 2017.",
"title": "Coaching career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "During 2019-2020, Jansson was the assistant coach of the Ratiopharm Ulm first team.",
"title": "Coaching career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "In 2020, Jansson signed with Tigers Tübingen, playing in ProA. In March 2021, he extended his contract with the club. He was named The Coach of the Year in ProA consecutively in 2022 and 2023. He led the club to win the promotion in 2022, but they surrendered the league license for financial reasons. In 2023, Tübingen won the promotion again, and this time they were promoted to the Basketball Bundesliga.",
"title": "Coaching career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "In the summer 2023, Jansson was named the head coach of the Finland Summer Universiade team, for the tournament in Chengdu.",
"title": "Coaching career"
}
] |
Daniel Jansson is a Finnish basketball coach and a former player. He is currently working as the head coach of German Bundesliga team Tigers Tübingen.
|
2023-12-03T02:19:58Z
|
2023-12-21T21:54:24Z
|
[
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox basketball biography",
"Template:Reflist"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Jansson
|
75,468,770 |
Flory Bidunga
|
Flory Bidunga is a Congolese college basketball player who attends Kokomo High School.
Bidunga grew up in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. He enrolled at Kokomo High School in Kokomo, Indiana via the school's International Baccalaureate program at the recommendation of his parents prior to the beginning of his sophomore year. Bidunga averaged 17.5 points, 13.3 rebounds, and 5.3 blocks per game during his first season at Kokomo. As a junior, he was named the Indiana Gatorade Player of the Year after averaging 20.2 points, 13.8 rebounds, and 4.5 blocks per game. During the season Bidunga tied an Indiana High School Athletic Association (IHSAA) record by making 32 consecutive field goals. He also was a starter on Kokomo's varsity soccer team, joining the team during his senior year.
Bidunga is a consensus five-star recruit and one of the top players in the 2024 class, according to major recruiting services. He was initially unranked, but rose to the top ten over a two month period after his sophomore year following his performance playing in the Amateur Athletic Union circuit. Bidunga committed to play college basketball at Kansas after considering offers from Auburn, Duke, and Michigan. He signed a National Letter of Intent to play for the Jayhawks on November 9, 2023, during the early signing period.
Category:Living people Category:Basketball players from Kinshasa Category:Centers (basketball) Category:Democratic Republic of the Congo men's basketball players
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Flory Bidunga is a Congolese college basketball player who attends Kokomo High School.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Bidunga grew up in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. He enrolled at Kokomo High School in Kokomo, Indiana via the school's International Baccalaureate program at the recommendation of his parents prior to the beginning of his sophomore year. Bidunga averaged 17.5 points, 13.3 rebounds, and 5.3 blocks per game during his first season at Kokomo. As a junior, he was named the Indiana Gatorade Player of the Year after averaging 20.2 points, 13.8 rebounds, and 4.5 blocks per game. During the season Bidunga tied an Indiana High School Athletic Association (IHSAA) record by making 32 consecutive field goals. He also was a starter on Kokomo's varsity soccer team, joining the team during his senior year.",
"title": "Early life and high school career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Bidunga is a consensus five-star recruit and one of the top players in the 2024 class, according to major recruiting services. He was initially unranked, but rose to the top ten over a two month period after his sophomore year following his performance playing in the Amateur Athletic Union circuit. Bidunga committed to play college basketball at Kansas after considering offers from Auburn, Duke, and Michigan. He signed a National Letter of Intent to play for the Jayhawks on November 9, 2023, during the early signing period.",
"title": "Early life and high school career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Category:Living people Category:Basketball players from Kinshasa Category:Centers (basketball) Category:Democratic Republic of the Congo men's basketball players",
"title": "References"
}
] |
Flory Bidunga is a Congolese college basketball player who attends Kokomo High School.
|
2023-12-03T02:20:57Z
|
2023-12-07T21:43:06Z
|
[
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Infobox basketball biography",
"Template:Reflist"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flory_Bidunga
|
75,468,771 |
David M. Tabor
|
David M. Tabor (born August 18, 1955) is an American politician.
David Tabor was born in Maquoketa, Iowa, on August 18, 1955, to parents Dennison Tabor and Barbara Dwigans. After graduating from Maquoketa Community High School in 1973 and earning a bachelor's of science degree from Iowa State University in 1977, Tabor began farming alongside his brother Brian. David Tabor was elected to four consecutive terms on the Iowa House of Representatives. He served continuously as a Democratic legislator for District 34 from January 10, 1983, to January 13, 1991.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "David M. Tabor (born August 18, 1955) is an American politician.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "David Tabor was born in Maquoketa, Iowa, on August 18, 1955, to parents Dennison Tabor and Barbara Dwigans. After graduating from Maquoketa Community High School in 1973 and earning a bachelor's of science degree from Iowa State University in 1977, Tabor began farming alongside his brother Brian. David Tabor was elected to four consecutive terms on the Iowa House of Representatives. He served continuously as a Democratic legislator for District 34 from January 10, 1983, to January 13, 1991.",
"title": ""
}
] |
David M. Tabor is an American politician. David Tabor was born in Maquoketa, Iowa, on August 18, 1955, to parents Dennison Tabor and Barbara Dwigans. After graduating from Maquoketa Community High School in 1973 and earning a bachelor's of science degree from Iowa State University in 1977, Tabor began farming alongside his brother Brian. David Tabor was elected to four consecutive terms on the Iowa House of Representatives. He served continuously as a Democratic legislator for District 34 from January 10, 1983, to January 13, 1991.
|
2023-12-03T02:21:08Z
|
2023-12-16T10:31:38Z
|
[
"Template:Use mdy dates",
"Template:Infobox officeholder",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite news",
"Template:Authority control",
"Template:One source"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_M._Tabor
|
75,468,781 |
Sherpur Bhura
|
Sherpur Bhura (Devanagari: शेरपुर भूड़ा Śerpur Bhūṛā) is a village in Kotla block of Firozabad district, Uttar Pradesh. As of 2011, it has a population of 115, in 22 households.
As of 2011, Sherpur Bhura had a population of 115, in 22 households. This population was 56.5% male (65) and 43.5% female (50). The 0-6 age group numbered 14 (9 male and 5 female), making up 12.2% of the total population. No residents were members of Scheduled Castes.
The 1981 census recorded Sherpur Bhura as having a population of 79 people (46 male and 33 female), in 13 households and 13 physical houses.
The 1961 census recorded Sherpur Bhura as comprising 1 hamlet, with a total population of 37 people (22 male and 15 female), in 6 households and 5 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 289 acres.
As of 2011, Sherpur Bhura did not have any schools or healthcare facilities. Drinking water was provided by hand pump and tube well/borehole; there were no public toilets. The village did not have a post office or public library; there was at least some access to electricity for all purposes. Streets were made of both kachcha and pakka materials.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Sherpur Bhura (Devanagari: शेरपुर भूड़ा Śerpur Bhūṛā) is a village in Kotla block of Firozabad district, Uttar Pradesh. As of 2011, it has a population of 115, in 22 households.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "As of 2011, Sherpur Bhura had a population of 115, in 22 households. This population was 56.5% male (65) and 43.5% female (50). The 0-6 age group numbered 14 (9 male and 5 female), making up 12.2% of the total population. No residents were members of Scheduled Castes.",
"title": "Demographics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The 1981 census recorded Sherpur Bhura as having a population of 79 people (46 male and 33 female), in 13 households and 13 physical houses.",
"title": "Demographics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The 1961 census recorded Sherpur Bhura as comprising 1 hamlet, with a total population of 37 people (22 male and 15 female), in 6 households and 5 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 289 acres.",
"title": "Demographics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "As of 2011, Sherpur Bhura did not have any schools or healthcare facilities. Drinking water was provided by hand pump and tube well/borehole; there were no public toilets. The village did not have a post office or public library; there was at least some access to electricity for all purposes. Streets were made of both kachcha and pakka materials.",
"title": "Infrastructure"
}
] |
Sherpur Bhura is a village in Kotla block of Firozabad district, Uttar Pradesh. As of 2011, it has a population of 115, in 22 households.
|
2023-12-03T02:22:57Z
|
2023-12-15T02:44:11Z
|
[
"Template:Cite book",
"Template:Firozabad district",
"Template:Use Indian English",
"Template:Other uses",
"Template:Infobox settlement",
"Template:IAST",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Use dmy dates",
"Template:Rp"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sherpur_Bhura
|
75,468,794 |
David Tabor
|
David Tabor may refer to:
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "David Tabor may refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] |
David Tabor may refer to: David Tabor (physicist) (1913–2005), British physicist
David Tabor (1922–2004), British major general
David H. Tabor, United States Air Force major general
David M. Tabor, American politician from Iowa
|
2023-12-03T02:25:42Z
|
2023-12-03T02:39:08Z
|
[
"Template:Hndis"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Tabor
|
75,468,813 |
Portrait of a Lady (Moroni)
|
Portrait of a Lady, also known as The Lady in Red (Italian: Dama in Rosso) is an oil on canvas painting by Italian painter Giovanni Battista Moroni, from c. 1556–1560. It is believed to depict Countess Lucia Albani Avogadro, a 16th-century Italian poet. It is held in the National Gallery, in London.
Lucia Albani Avogadro was a poet born in Bergamo in 1530, the wife of Faustino Avogadro, a nobleman from Brescia, of whom she was widowed in 1564. She was known for her beauty, intelligence and wisdom. Her husband is believed to have died of a fall from a balcony, leaving her a widow some years before her own death, in 1568, of tuberculosis.
Moroni frequented the Albani Avogadro family during his years in Brescia; in fact, the painting can be dated from 1555 to 1560, certainly after the death of Moretto da Brescia, the artist's master, but he also frequented the Albanis in Bergamo.
The painting depicts Lucia Albani Avogadro, she is sitting on a sideways chair, with her right arm on the armrest, at the left, and her right arm on her dress while she holds a golden fan in her hand. What immediatelly catches the viewers eye in the painting is the bright pinky-orange shimmering of the open overcoat on her brocade dress, like the sleeves. Following the Spanish fashion of the 16th century, her sumptuous dress is rich in embroidery and golden stitching. A white collar of very fine lace and a necklace of white pearls act as a change of color from the dress, which also appears on the young woman's cheeks, and in the golden hairstyle. The hanging ear with a small white pearl acts as a set with the necklace. The polychrome marble floor also mirrors the gray colors of the back wall and the pinky-orange of the dress, enhancing them. Everything is meant to express a great richness and elegance, if it weren't for the somewhat upset and amused look and apparent blush of the young lady, like if she was made uncomfortable by having been portrayed so richly dressed. The model pose variations, compared to the artist's previous portraits, seems an improvement, with the more minute proportion of the head and a higher perspective, refining the whole, and thus presenting a more elegant work.
In the restoration of 1975 it was ascertained that the painting was enlarged both in the upper part by 8.8 cm and in the lower part by 6.30 cm: these parts were then covered by the frame but they were supposed to give more space to the portrait. There is no certainty that the painting depicting The Knight with the Wounded Foot, also by Moroni, represents Albani's husband, Faustino Avogadro, even if the two canvases differ in size by only a few millimeters, and have the same framing technique.
The painting was part of the Fenaroli collection in Brescia. It is mentioned in 1857 by Charles Lock Eastlake, and was purchased by the antiquarian Giuseppe Baslini, who sold it to the National Gallery, in London, at the price of 5000 pounds, in 1876.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Portrait of a Lady, also known as The Lady in Red (Italian: Dama in Rosso) is an oil on canvas painting by Italian painter Giovanni Battista Moroni, from c. 1556–1560. It is believed to depict Countess Lucia Albani Avogadro, a 16th-century Italian poet. It is held in the National Gallery, in London.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Lucia Albani Avogadro was a poet born in Bergamo in 1530, the wife of Faustino Avogadro, a nobleman from Brescia, of whom she was widowed in 1564. She was known for her beauty, intelligence and wisdom. Her husband is believed to have died of a fall from a balcony, leaving her a widow some years before her own death, in 1568, of tuberculosis.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Moroni frequented the Albani Avogadro family during his years in Brescia; in fact, the painting can be dated from 1555 to 1560, certainly after the death of Moretto da Brescia, the artist's master, but he also frequented the Albanis in Bergamo.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The painting depicts Lucia Albani Avogadro, she is sitting on a sideways chair, with her right arm on the armrest, at the left, and her right arm on her dress while she holds a golden fan in her hand. What immediatelly catches the viewers eye in the painting is the bright pinky-orange shimmering of the open overcoat on her brocade dress, like the sleeves. Following the Spanish fashion of the 16th century, her sumptuous dress is rich in embroidery and golden stitching. A white collar of very fine lace and a necklace of white pearls act as a change of color from the dress, which also appears on the young woman's cheeks, and in the golden hairstyle. The hanging ear with a small white pearl acts as a set with the necklace. The polychrome marble floor also mirrors the gray colors of the back wall and the pinky-orange of the dress, enhancing them. Everything is meant to express a great richness and elegance, if it weren't for the somewhat upset and amused look and apparent blush of the young lady, like if she was made uncomfortable by having been portrayed so richly dressed. The model pose variations, compared to the artist's previous portraits, seems an improvement, with the more minute proportion of the head and a higher perspective, refining the whole, and thus presenting a more elegant work.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In the restoration of 1975 it was ascertained that the painting was enlarged both in the upper part by 8.8 cm and in the lower part by 6.30 cm: these parts were then covered by the frame but they were supposed to give more space to the portrait. There is no certainty that the painting depicting The Knight with the Wounded Foot, also by Moroni, represents Albani's husband, Faustino Avogadro, even if the two canvases differ in size by only a few millimeters, and have the same framing technique.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The painting was part of the Fenaroli collection in Brescia. It is mentioned in 1857 by Charles Lock Eastlake, and was purchased by the antiquarian Giuseppe Baslini, who sold it to the National Gallery, in London, at the price of 5000 pounds, in 1876.",
"title": "Provenance"
}
] |
Portrait of a Lady, also known as The Lady in Red is an oil on canvas painting by Italian painter Giovanni Battista Moroni, from c. 1556–1560. It is believed to depict Countess Lucia Albani Avogadro, a 16th-century Italian poet. It is held in the National Gallery, in London.
|
2023-12-03T02:30:44Z
|
2023-12-07T10:28:12Z
|
[
"Template:Infobox artwork",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Giovanni Battista Moroni",
"Template:Short description"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portrait_of_a_Lady_(Moroni)
|
75,468,816 |
Angus Rock
|
Angus Rock is a skerry off the coast of the Ards Peninsula it is located 0.9 miles east of Kilclief, County Down, Northern Ireland. It has an area of 0.4 acres (1.62 km). It is mainly known for its lighthouse, the lighthouse is 13 metres tall and has a range of 5 miles. The skerry is located at the entrance to Strangford Lough, and the channel to the west of the rock is shallow.
In October 1715, the vessel Eagle’s Wing was blown ashore during a storm, with the loss of 76 lives. Following this disaster, a 30 feet high white painted stone beacon was built on Angus Rock in 1720, though no light was exhibited. Strangford Lough merchants pleaded for a light to be installed, and finally, following a petition in 1846, a perch was erected on St. Patrick’s Rock. Later that year, it was decided to build a new tower on Angus Rock, though still without exhibiting a light. The granite tower 40 feet high was built in 1853 but local merchants complained that it had been a waste of time and money building yet another unlit beacon. Shipwrecks continued, and in 1861 the brig Manchester was wrecked on Angus Rock, losing all on board. Had the beacon been lit, the inquest declared it this tragedy may have been avoided. Trade and vessels increased along this stretch of coast, and many more vessels were wrecked, and lives were lost, despite this, the beacon remained unlit.
In March 1969, the vessel Kingsgate ran aground on Angus Rock. Following this incident, the Commissioners of Irish Lights said they would consider providing a light on Angus Rock. Finally, in October 1978, the Bar Pladdy buoy was replaced with a light buoy. Subsequently, Angus Rock Lighthouse was lit on 7th April 1983. In July 2000 the light was converted to solar power with a character of flashing red every 5 second in hours of darkness only. It is now in the care of an attendant and monitored via a telemetry link from Irish Lights in Dún Laoghaire. The Angus Tower was affectionately referred to by these sailors as ‘The Rocking Goose’..
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Angus Rock is a skerry off the coast of the Ards Peninsula it is located 0.9 miles east of Kilclief, County Down, Northern Ireland. It has an area of 0.4 acres (1.62 km). It is mainly known for its lighthouse, the lighthouse is 13 metres tall and has a range of 5 miles. The skerry is located at the entrance to Strangford Lough, and the channel to the west of the rock is shallow.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In October 1715, the vessel Eagle’s Wing was blown ashore during a storm, with the loss of 76 lives. Following this disaster, a 30 feet high white painted stone beacon was built on Angus Rock in 1720, though no light was exhibited. Strangford Lough merchants pleaded for a light to be installed, and finally, following a petition in 1846, a perch was erected on St. Patrick’s Rock. Later that year, it was decided to build a new tower on Angus Rock, though still without exhibiting a light. The granite tower 40 feet high was built in 1853 but local merchants complained that it had been a waste of time and money building yet another unlit beacon. Shipwrecks continued, and in 1861 the brig Manchester was wrecked on Angus Rock, losing all on board. Had the beacon been lit, the inquest declared it this tragedy may have been avoided. Trade and vessels increased along this stretch of coast, and many more vessels were wrecked, and lives were lost, despite this, the beacon remained unlit.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In March 1969, the vessel Kingsgate ran aground on Angus Rock. Following this incident, the Commissioners of Irish Lights said they would consider providing a light on Angus Rock. Finally, in October 1978, the Bar Pladdy buoy was replaced with a light buoy. Subsequently, Angus Rock Lighthouse was lit on 7th April 1983. In July 2000 the light was converted to solar power with a character of flashing red every 5 second in hours of darkness only. It is now in the care of an attendant and monitored via a telemetry link from Irish Lights in Dún Laoghaire. The Angus Tower was affectionately referred to by these sailors as ‘The Rocking Goose’..",
"title": "History"
}
] |
Angus Rock is a skerry off the coast of the Ards Peninsula it is located 0.9 miles east of Kilclief, County Down, Northern Ireland. It has an area of 0.4 acres (1.62 km2). It is mainly known for its lighthouse, the lighthouse is 13 metres tall and has a range of 5 miles. The skerry is located at the entrance to Strangford Lough, and the channel to the west of the rock is shallow.
|
2023-12-03T02:31:29Z
|
2023-12-04T01:36:17Z
|
[
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Down-geo-stub",
"Template:County Down",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Use British English",
"Template:Use dmy dates",
"Template:Infobox UK place"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angus_Rock
|
75,468,819 |
Ron Eachus
|
Ron Eachus (August 17, 1947 – October 13, 2023) was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member for the 39th district of the Oregon House of Representatives.
Eachus was born in Nyssa, Oregon. He attended the University of Oregon.
Eachus served in the Oregon House of Representatives from 1985 to 1987.
Eachus was chairman of the Oregon Public Utility Commission during the 1990s.
Eachus died on October 13, 2023, of heart failure, at the age of 76.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Ron Eachus (August 17, 1947 – October 13, 2023) was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member for the 39th district of the Oregon House of Representatives.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Eachus was born in Nyssa, Oregon. He attended the University of Oregon.",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Eachus served in the Oregon House of Representatives from 1985 to 1987.",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Eachus was chairman of the Oregon Public Utility Commission during the 1990s.",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Eachus died on October 13, 2023, of heart failure, at the age of 76.",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] |
Ron Eachus was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member for the 39th district of the Oregon House of Representatives.
|
2023-12-03T02:31:40Z
|
2023-12-19T01:07:36Z
|
[
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox officeholder",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Citation",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Authority control",
"Template:Oregon-politician-stub"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ron_Eachus
|
75,468,821 |
Nayabans
|
Nayabans (Devanagari: नयाबन्स Nayābans) is a village in Kotla block of Firozabad district, Uttar Pradesh. As of 2011, it has a population of 1,417, in 236 households.
As of 2011, Nayabans (called "Nayabash" in the 2011 census data) had a population of 1,417, in 236 households. This population was 53.9% male (764) and 46.1% female (653). The 0-6 age group numbered 239 (128 male and 111 female), making up 16.9% of the total population. 47 residents were members of Scheduled Castes, or 3.3% of the total.
The 1981 census recorded Nayabans (as "Naya Bans") as having a population of 718 people (382 male and 336 female), in 123 households and 122 physical houses.
The 1961 census recorded Nayabans (as "Naya Bans") as comprising 1 hamlet, with a total population of 414 people (242 male and 172 female), in 64 households and 60 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 136 acres.
The 1951 census recorded Nayabans as comprising 1 hamlet, with a total population of 359 people (198 male and 161 female), in 58 households and 41 physical houses.
As of 2011, Nayabans had 3 primary schools; it did not have any healthcare facilities. Drinking water was provided by hand pump and tube well/borehole; there were no public toilets. The village did not have a post office or public library; there was at least some access to electricity for all purposes. Streets were made of both kachcha and pakka materials.
|
[
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Nayabans (Devanagari: नयाबन्स Nayābans) is a village in Kotla block of Firozabad district, Uttar Pradesh. As of 2011, it has a population of 1,417, in 236 households.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "As of 2011, Nayabans (called \"Nayabash\" in the 2011 census data) had a population of 1,417, in 236 households. This population was 53.9% male (764) and 46.1% female (653). The 0-6 age group numbered 239 (128 male and 111 female), making up 16.9% of the total population. 47 residents were members of Scheduled Castes, or 3.3% of the total.",
"title": "Demographics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The 1981 census recorded Nayabans (as \"Naya Bans\") as having a population of 718 people (382 male and 336 female), in 123 households and 122 physical houses.",
"title": "Demographics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The 1961 census recorded Nayabans (as \"Naya Bans\") as comprising 1 hamlet, with a total population of 414 people (242 male and 172 female), in 64 households and 60 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 136 acres.",
"title": "Demographics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The 1951 census recorded Nayabans as comprising 1 hamlet, with a total population of 359 people (198 male and 161 female), in 58 households and 41 physical houses.",
"title": "Demographics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "As of 2011, Nayabans had 3 primary schools; it did not have any healthcare facilities. Drinking water was provided by hand pump and tube well/borehole; there were no public toilets. The village did not have a post office or public library; there was at least some access to electricity for all purposes. Streets were made of both kachcha and pakka materials.",
"title": "Infrastructure"
}
] |
Nayabans is a village in Kotla block of Firozabad district, Uttar Pradesh. As of 2011, it has a population of 1,417, in 236 households.
|
2023-12-03T02:31:47Z
|
2023-12-10T18:00:44Z
|
[
"Template:Use Indian English",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Firozabad district",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Use dmy dates",
"Template:Infobox settlement",
"Template:IAST",
"Template:Rp",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite book"
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nayabans
|
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