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it's a fish farm in the southwestern corner of spain it's at the tip of the river until the the farm was in the hands of the argentinians they raised beef cattle on what was essentially wetlands they did it by draining the land
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said fish i didn't know anything about fish i'm an expert in relationships and then he's off launching into more talk about rare birds and and strange aquatic plants and don't get me wrong that was really fascinating you know the community unplugged kind of thing it's great but i was in love and my head was swooning over that overcooked piece of delicious fish i had the night before
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well he goes on to tell me it's such a rich system that the fish are eating what they'd be eating in the wild the plant biomass the phytoplankton the it's what feeds the fish the system is so healthy it's totally self renewing there is no feed ever heard of a farm that doesn't feed its animals later that day i was driving around this property with miguel and i asked him i said for a place that seems so natural unlike like any farm i'd ever been at how do you measure success at that moment it was as if a film director called for a set change and we rounded the corner and saw the most amazing sight thousands and thousands of pink flamingos a literal pink carpet for as far as you could see
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we farm extensively not intensively this is an ecological network the flamingos eat the shrimp the shrimp eat the phytoplankton so the pinker the belly the better the system okay so let's review a farm that doesn't feed its animals and a farm that measures its success on the health of its predators
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i didn't mention the skin of my beloved fish which was delicious and i don't like fish skin i don't like it seared i don't like it crispy it's that acrid tar like flavor i almost never cook with it yet when i tasted it at that restaurant in southern spain it tasted not at all like fish skin it tasted sweet and clean like you were taking a bite of the ocean i mentioned that to miguel and he nodded
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i mentioned that to miguel and he nodded he said the skin acts like a sponge it's the last defense before anything enters the body it evolved to soak up impurities and then he added but our water has no impurities ok a farm that doesn't feed its fish a farm that measures its success by the success of its predators and then i realized when he says a farm that has no impurities he made a big understatement because the water that flows through that farm comes in from the river it's a river that carries with it all the things that rivers tend to carry these days chemical contaminants pesticide runoff
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can i be honest i don't love that question no not because we already produce enough calories to more than feed the world one billion people will go hungry today one billion that's more than ever before because of gross inequalities in distribution not tonnage now i don't love this question because it's determined the logic of our food system for the last years feed grain to pesticides to chemicals to soil chicken to fish and all along agribusiness has simply asked if we're feeding more people more cheaply how terrible could that be that's been the motivation it's been the justification it's been the business plan of american agriculture we should call it what it is a business in liquidation a business that's quickly eroding ecological capital that makes that very production possible
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now let me ask you this question this past week at ted how many of you when you saw vulnerability up here thought it was pure courage vulnerability is not weakness i define vulnerability as emotional risk exposure uncertainty it fuels our daily lives and i've come to the belief this is my year doing this research that vulnerability is our most accurate measurement of courage to be vulnerable to let ourselves be seen to be honest one of the weird things that's happened is after the ted explosion i got a lot of offers to speak all over the country everyone from schools and parent meetings to fortune companies and so many of the calls went like this dr brown we loved your ted talk we'd like you to come in and speak we'd appreciate it if you wouldn't mention vulnerability or shame
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what would you like for me to talk about there's three big answers this is mostly to be honest with you from the business sector innovation creativity and change
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i'm a fifth generation texan our family motto is lock and load i am not a natural vulnerability researcher so i'm like just keep walking she's on my six
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and that's what this conference to me is about life is about daring greatly about being in the arena when you walk up to that arena and you put your hand on the door and you think i'm going in and i'm going to try this shame is the gremlin who says uh uh you're not good enough you never finished that your wife left you i know your dad really wasn't in luxembourg he was in sing sing i know those things that happened to you growing up i know you don't think that you're pretty smart talented or powerful enough
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your wife left you i know your dad really wasn't in luxembourg he was in sing sing i know those things that happened to you growing up i know you don't think that you're pretty smart talented or powerful enough i know your dad never paid attention even when you made shame is that thing and if we can quiet it down and walk in and say i'm going to do this we look up and the critic that we see pointing and laughing percent of the time is who us shame drives two big tapes never good enough and if you can talk it out of that one who do you think you are the thing to understand about shame is it's not guilt shame is a focus on self guilt is a focus on behavior
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i made a mistake how many of you would be willing to say that guilt i'm sorry i made a mistake shame i'm sorry i am a mistake there's a huge difference between shame and guilt and here's what you need to know shame is highly highly correlated with addiction depression violence aggression bullying suicide eating disorders and here's what you even need to know more guilt inversely correlated with those things
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and here's what you even need to know more guilt inversely correlated with those things the ability to hold something we've done or failed to do up against who we want to be is incredibly adaptive it's uncomfortable but it's adaptive the other thing you need to know about shame is it's absolutely organized by gender if shame washes over me and washes over chris it's going to feel the same everyone sitting in here knows the warm wash of shame we're pretty sure that the only people who don't experience shame are people who have no capacity for connection or empathy which means yes i have a little shame no i'm a sociopath
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and so i'll leave you with this thought if we're going to find our way back to each other vulnerability is going to be that path and i know it's seductive to stand outside the arena because i think i did it my whole life and think to myself i'm going to go in there and kick some ass when i'm bulletproof and when i'm perfect and that is seductive but the truth is that never happens and even if you got as perfect as you could and as bulletproof as you could possibly muster when you got in there that's not what we want to see we want you to go in we want to be with you and across from you
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okay some bad news first people who experienced a lot of stress in the previous year had a percent increased risk of dying but that was only true for the people who also believed that stress is harmful for your health
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people who experienced a lot of stress but did not view stress as harmful were no more likely to die in fact they had the lowest risk of dying of anyone in the study including people who had relatively little stress now the researchers estimated that over the eight years they were tracking deaths americans died prematurely not from stress but from the belief that stress is bad for you
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that is over deaths a year now if that estimate is correct that would make believing stress is bad for you the largest cause of death in the united states last year killing more people than skin cancer and homicide
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so this study got me wondering can changing how you think about stress make you healthier and here the science says yes when you change your mind about stress you can change your body's response to stress now to explain how this works i want you all to pretend that you are participants in a study designed to stress you out it's called the social stress test you come into the laboratory and you're told you have to give a five minute impromptu speech on your personal weaknesses to a panel of expert sitting right in front of you and to make sure you feel the pressure there are bright lights and a camera in your face kind of like this
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now that you're sufficiently demoralized time for part two a math test and unbeknownst to you the experimenter has been trained to harass you during it now we're going to all do this together it's going to be fun for me okay
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go faster faster please you're going too slow that guy made a mistake we are going to have to start all over again
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has experienced a lot of stress yeah me too but that is not my confession my confession is this i am a health psychologist and my mission is to help people be happier and healthier but i fear that something i've been teaching for the last years is doing more harm than good and it has to do with stress for years i've been telling people stress makes you sick it increases the risk of everything from the common cold to cardiovascular disease
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but what if you viewed them instead as signs that your body was energized was preparing you to meet this challenge now that is exactly what participants were told in a study conducted at harvard university before they went through the social stress test they were taught to rethink their stress response as helpful that pounding heart is preparing you for action if you're breathing faster it's no problem it's getting more oxygen to your brain and participants who learned to view the stress response as helpful for their performance well they were less stressed out less anxious more confident but the most fascinating finding to me was how their physical stress response changed now in a typical stress response your heart rate goes up and your blood vessels constrict like this
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now in a typical stress response your heart rate goes up and your blood vessels constrict like this and this is one of the reasons that chronic stress is sometimes associated with cardiovascular disease it's not really healthy to be in this state all the time but in the study when participants viewed their stress response as helpful their blood vessels stayed relaxed like this their heart was still pounding but this is a much healthier cardiovascular profile it actually looks a lot like what happens in moments of joy and courage over a lifetime of stressful experiences this one biological change could be the difference between a stress induced heart attack at age and living well into your and this is really what the new science of stress reveals that how you think about stress matters
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so my goal as a health psychologist has changed i no longer want to get rid of your stress i want to make you better at stress and we just did a little intervention if you raised your hand and said you'd had a lot of stress in the last year we could have saved your life because hopefully the next time your heart is pounding from stress you're going to remember this talk and you're going to think to yourself this is my body helping me rise to this challenge and when you view stress in that way your body believes you and your stress response becomes healthier now i said i have over a decade of demonizing stress to redeem myself from so we are going to do one more intervention
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to understand this side of stress we need to talk about a hormone oxytocin and i know oxytocin has already gotten as much hype as a hormone can get it even has its own cute nickname the cuddle hormone because it's released when you hug someone but this is a very small part of what oxytocin is involved in oxytocin is a neuro hormone it fine tunes your brain's social instincts it primes you to do things that strengthen close relationships
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it enhances your empathy it even makes you more willing to help and support the people you care about some people have even suggested we should snort oxytocin to become more compassionate and caring but here's what most people don't understand about oxytocin it's a stress hormone your pituitary gland pumps this stuff out as part of the stress response
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i think i was supposed to talk about my new book which is called blink and it's about snap judgments and first impressions and it comes out in january and i hope you all buy it in triplicate
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that although my new book makes me happy and i think would make my mother happy it's not really about happiness so i decided instead i would talk about someone who i think has done as much to make americans happy as perhaps anyone over the last years a man who is a great personal hero of mine someone by the name of howard moskowitz who is most famous for reinventing spaghetti sauce howard's about this high and he's round and he's in his and he has big huge glasses and thinning gray hair and he has a kind of wonderful exuberance and vitality and he has a parrot and he loves the opera and he's a great aficionado of medieval history and by profession he's a now i should tell you that i have no idea what is although at some point in my life i dated a girl for two years who was getting her doctorate in which should tell you something about that relationship
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this was an enormous revelation this was one of the most brilliant breakthroughs in all of food science howard immediately went on the road and he would go to conferences around the country and he would stand up and say you had been looking for the perfect pepsi you're wrong you should be looking for the perfect and people would look at him blankly and say what are you talking about craziness and they would say move next tried to get business nobody would hire him he was obsessed though and he talked about it and talked about it howard loves the yiddish expression to a worm in horseradish the world is horseradish this was his horseradish
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in fact they would do the famous bowl test back in the with rag and prego you'd have a plate of spaghetti and you would pour it on right and the rag would all go to the bottom and the prego would sit on top that's called adherence and anyway despite the fact that they were far superior in adherence and the quality of their tomato paste prego was struggling so they came to howard and they said fix us and howard looked at their product line and he said what you have is a dead tomato society so he said this is what i want to do and he got together with the campbell's soup kitchen and he made varieties of spaghetti sauce and he varied them according to every conceivable way that you can vary tomato sauce by sweetness by level of garlic by ness by tartness by by visible solids my favorite term in the spaghetti sauce business
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i'll explain to you why what howard did is he fundamentally changed the way the food industry thinks about making you happy assumption number one in the food industry used to be that the way to find out what people want to eat what will make people happy is to ask them and for years and years and years rag and prego would have focus groups and they would sit you down and they would say what do you want in a spaghetti sauce tell us what you want in a spaghetti sauce and for all those years years through all those focus group sessions no one ever said they wanted extra chunky even though at least a third of them deep in their hearts actually did
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and a critically important step in understanding our own desires and tastes is to realize that we cannot always explain what we want deep down if i asked all of you for example in this room what you want in a coffee you know what you'd say every one of you would say i want a dark rich hearty roast it's what people always say when you ask them what do you like dark rich hearty roast what percentage of you actually like a dark rich hearty roast according to howard somewhere between and percent of you most of you like milky weak coffee
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and instead of charging a dollar fifty for the eight ounce bottle the way that french's and did they decided to charge four dollars and they had those ads with the guy in the rolls royce eating the grey another pulls up and says do you have any grey and the whole thing after they did that grey takes off takes over the mustard business and everyone's take home lesson from that was that the way to make people happy is to give them something that is more expensive something to aspire to it's to make them turn their back on what they think they like now and reach out for something higher up the mustard hierarchy
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better mustard a more expensive mustard a mustard of more sophistication and culture and meaning and howard looked to that and said that's wrong mustard does not exist on a hierarchy mustard exists just like tomato sauce on a horizontal plane there is no good mustard or bad mustard there is no perfect mustard or imperfect mustard there are only different kinds of mustards that suit different kinds of people he fundamentally democratized the way we think about taste and for that as well we owe howard moskowitz a huge vote of thanks third thing that howard did and perhaps the most important is howard confronted the notion of the platonic dish
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and one of his first clients was pepsi this is many years ago back in the early and pepsi came to howard and they said you know there's this new thing called aspartame and we would like to make diet pepsi
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it's all over the place now most people in that business in the world of testing food and such are not dismayed when the data comes back a mess they think well you know figuring out what people think about cola's not that easy
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and finally he had a breakthrough vlasic pickles came to him and they said doctor moskowitz we want to make the perfect pickle and he said there is no perfect pickle there are only perfect pickles and he came back to them and he said you don't just need to improve your regular you need to create and that's where we got pickles
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and he brought in people by the truckload into big halls and he sat them down for two hours and over the course of that two hours he gave them ten bowls ten small bowls of pasta with a different spaghetti sauce on each one
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the end of that process after doing it for months and months he had a mountain of data about how the american people feel about spaghetti sauce and then he analyzed the data did he look for the most popular variety of spaghetti sauce no howard doesn't believe that there is such a thing instead he looked at the data and he said let's see if we can group all these different data points into clusters
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that's number one thing that howard did number two thing that howard did is he made us realize it's another very critical point he made us realize the importance of what he likes to call horizontal segmentation why is this critical because this is the way the food industry thought before howard what were they obsessed with in the early they were obsessed with mustard in particular they were obsessed with the story of grey used to be there were two mustards french's and what were they yellow mustard what's in it yellow mustard seeds and paprika
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better mustard a more expensive mustard a mustard of more sophistication and culture and meaning and howard looked to that and said that's wrong mustard does not exist on a hierarchy mustard exists just like tomato sauce on a horizontal plane
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for the longest time in the food industry there was a sense that there was one way a perfect way to make a dish you go to chez they give you the red tail with roasted pumpkin seeds in a something something reduction they don't give you five options on the reduction they don't say do you want the extra chunky reduction or no you just get the reduction
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they don't give you five options on the reduction they don't say do you want the extra chunky reduction or no you just get the reduction why because the chef at chez has a platonic notion about red tail this is the way it ought to be and she serves it that way time and time again and if you quarrel with her she will say you know what you're wrong this is the best way it ought to be in this restaurant now that same idea fueled the commercial food industry as well
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i'm afraid i'm one of those speakers you hope you're not going to meet at ted first i don't have a mobile so i'm on the safe side secondly a political theorist who's going to talk about the crisis of democracy is probably not the most exciting topic you can think about and plus i'm not going to give you any answers i'm much more trying to add to some of the questions we're talking about and one of the things that i want to question is this very popular hope these days that transparency and openness can restore the trust in democratic institutions there is one more reason for you to be suspicious about me you people the church of ted are a very optimistic community
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as you have been told i'm bulgarian and according to the surveys we are marked the most pessimistic people in the world
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so now when you know what to expect let's give you the story and this is a rainy election day in a small country that can be my country but could be also your country and because of the rain until four o'clock in the afternoon nobody went to the polling stations but then the rain stopped people went to vote and when the votes had been counted three fourths of the people have voted with a blank ballot the government and the opposition they have been simply paralyzed
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but then the rain stopped people went to vote and when the votes had been counted three fourths of the people have voted with a blank ballot the government and the opposition they have been simply paralyzed because you know what to do about the protests you know who to arrest who to negotiate with but what to do about people who are voting with a blank ballot so the government decided to have the elections once again and this time even a greater number percent of the people voted with blank ballots basically they went to the ballot boxes to tell that they have nobody to vote for this is the opening of a beautiful novel by jose called seeing
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now i started to notice this when i actually showed star wars to my daughter which was years later and the situation was different at that point i also had a son he was only three at the time he was not invited to the screening he was too young for that but he was the second child and the level of supervision had plummeted
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why are you still standing there i don't know what i'm supposed to do the movies are very very focused on defeating the villain and getting your reward and there's not a lot of room for other relationships and other journeys it's almost as though if you're a boy you are a dopey animal and if you are a girl you should bring your warrior costume there are plenty of exceptions and i will defend the disney princesses in front of any you
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can any of you recall a time when you were confronted with a scene of such spectacular beauty that it took you outside of yourself into a place of great serenity maybe a rainbow a mountain range a valley the sea and if you remember that raise your hands if you could virtually all of you could right have you ever wondered why that happened the reason that happened is that somehow for some reason at that instant you accepted the universe exactly as it was you didn't say that's a beautiful rainbow but it's kind of off to the left and if i could move it yards to the right it would be ever so much more beautiful
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when i conduct this experiment a bunch of stuff comes up vast wealth trophy spouse good health lots of travel time etc etc etc right now if you were to think about it you probably have a list of here's what i need to get in order to be happy i would like you to consider this anything that you can get let me repeat that anything you can get you can un get is that correct so vast wealth can make you happy vast wealth can disappear tomorrow
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all of my animations start with ideas but what are ideas ideas can spark a movement ideas are opportunities and innovation ideas truly are what make the world go round if it wasn't for ideas we wouldn't be where we are now with technology medicine art culture and how we even live our lives at eight years old i took my ideas and started my own business called ideas and my nonprofit ideas for the planet
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plans at only eight years old i only knew i wanted to make pretty creations that were safe for the environment and i wanted to give back my mom taught me how to sew and on my back porch i would sit and make little headbands out of ribbon and i would write down the names and the price of each item i started making more items like hats scarves and bags soon my items began selling all over the world and i had customers in denmark italy australia canada and more now i had a lot to learn about my business like branding and marketing staying engaged with my customers and seeing what sold the most and the least soon my business really started to take off then one day forbes magazine contacted me when i was years old
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right up sir your food will be served shortly maya penn i've been drawing ever since i could hold a crayon and i've been making animated flip books since i was three years old at that age i also learned about what an animator was there was a program on tv about jobs most kids don't know about
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it's clear that bilateral cooperation is essential it's clear that multilateral cooperation is essential it's clear that international financial institutions should have flexibility in order to be able to invest more massively in support to these countries we need to combine all the instruments and to understand that today in protracted situations at a certain moment that it doesn't make sense anymore to make a distinction between humanitarian aid and development aid or development processes because you are talking about children in school you are talking about health you are talking about infrastructure that is overcrowded you are talking about things that require a long term perspective a development perspective and not only an emergency humanitarian aid perspective i would like your comment on something that was in newspapers this morning it is a statement made by the current front runner for the republican nomination for us president donald trump yesterday he said this
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commissioner thank you for coming to ted pleasure let's start with a figure during almost one million refugees and migrants arrived in europe from many different countries of course from syria and iraq but also from afghanistan and bangladesh and eritrea and elsewhere and there have been reactions of two different kinds welcoming parties and border fences but i want to look at it a little bit from the short term and the long term perspective
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said you jerk only jerk wasn't the word i used i said you could've gotten me fired and he said let's get married
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i saw it firsthand just days before terence died his oncologist said tell terence that better days are just ahead days before he died yet ira the director of palliative medicine at dartmouth said you know the best doctor in the world has never succeeded in making anyone immortal so what the experts call denial i call hope and i'd like to borrow a phrase from my friends in software design you just redefine denial and hope and it becomes a feature of being human it's not a bug it's a feature
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so i'd like you to come back with me just for a few minutes to a dark night in china the night i met my husband it was a city so long ago that it was still called peking so i went to a party i sat down next to a stout middle aged man with owl glasses and a bow tie and he turned out to be a fulbright scholar there in china specifically to study sino soviet relations what a gift it was to the eager young foreign correspondent that i was then i'd pump him for information i'm mentally scribbling notes for the stories i plan to write
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it turned out to be a rare exceedingly aggressive type with a diagnosis that was almost universally fatal in several weeks at most and yet he did not die mysteriously he lived on he coached little league for our son he built a playhouse for our daughter and meanwhile i'm burying myself in the internet looking for specialists i'm looking for a cure so a year goes by before the cancer as cancers do reappears and with it comes another death sentence this time nine months so we try another treatment aggressive nasty
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and so three days later driving very fast i found myself stalking a single type of giant cloud called the super cell capable of producing grapefruit size hail and spectacular tornadoes although only two percent actually do these clouds can grow so big up to miles wide and reach up to feet into the atmosphere they can grow so big blocking all daylight making it very dark and ominous standing under them storm chasing is a very tactile experience there's a warm moist wind blowing at your back and the smell of the earth the wheat the grass the charged particles and then there are the colors in the clouds of hail forming the greens and the turquoise blues i've learned to respect the lightning my hair used to be straight
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everything is interconnected as a indian i was raised to know this we are a small fishing tribe situated on the southeastern tip of long island near the town of southampton in new york when i was a little girl my grandfather took me to sit outside in the sun on a hot summer day there were no clouds in the sky and after a while i began to perspire
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what really excites me about these storms is their movement the way they swirl and spin and undulate with their lava lamp like clouds they become lovely monsters when i'm photographing them i cannot help but remember my grandfather's lesson as i stand under them i see not just a cloud but understand that what i have the privilege to witness is the same forces the same process in a small scale version that helped to create our galaxy our solar system our sun and even this very planet all my relations thank you
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i go on television i debate people who literally want to obliterate everything i believe in in some cases who don't want me and people like me to even exist it's sort of like thanksgiving with your conservative uncle on steroids with a live television audience of millions it's totally almost just like that and that's just on air the hate mail i get is unbelievable last week alone i got pieces of nasty email and more hate than i can even count i was called an idiot a traitor a scourge a and an ugly man and that was just in one email
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but i'm a big fan of you as a person now this guy doesn't agree with me yet
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emotional correctness is the tone the feeling how we say what we say the respect and compassion we show one another and what i've realized is that political persuasion doesn't begin with ideas or facts or data political persuasion begins with being emotionally correct so when i first went to go work at fox news true confession i expected there to be marks in the carpet from all the knuckle dragging that by the way in case you're paying attention is not emotionally correct but liberals on my side we can be self righteous we can be condescending we can be dismissive of anyone who doesn't agree with us in other words we can be politically right but emotionally wrong and incidentally that means that people don't like us
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now here's the kicker conservatives are really nice i mean not all of them and not the ones who send me hate mail but you would be surprised sean hannity is one of the sweetest guys i've ever met he spends his free time trying to fix up his staff on blind dates and i know that if i ever had a problem he would do anything he could to help now i think sean hannity is percent politically wrong but his emotional correctness is strikingly impressive
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i am a cultural one whose daily commute is made possible by attachment to an an that contains wagner and mozart pop diva christina aguilera country singer josh turner gangsta rap artist kirk franklin concerti symphonies and more and more i'm a voracious reader a reader who deals with ian mcewan down to stephanie meyer i have read the twilight and one who lives for my home theater a home theater where i devour video on demand and a lot of television for me law order tina fey and rock and judge judy the people are real the cases are real the rulings are final
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similarly the means of artistic distribution have been democratized for the first time in human history again in the warner brothers did that for you now go to you have worldwide distribution without leaving the privacy of your own bedroom this double impact is a massive redefinition of the cultural market a time when anyone is a potential author frankly what we're seeing now in this environment is a massive time when the entire world is changing as we move from a time when audience numbers are plummeting but the number of arts participants people who write poetry who sing songs who perform in church choirs is exploding beyond our wildest imaginations
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so normally most people begin by themselves to the task they talk about it they figure out what it's going to look like they jockey for power then they spend some time planning organizing they sketch and they lay out spaghetti they spend the majority of their time assembling the sticks into ever growing structures and then finally just as they're running out of time someone takes out the marshmallow and then they gingerly put it on top and then they stand back and ta da they admire their work but what really happens most of the time is that the ta da turns into an uh oh because the weight of the marshmallow causes the entire structure to buckle and to collapse so there are a number of people who have a lot more uh oh moments than others and among the worst are recent graduates of business school
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and the reason is that business students are trained to find the single right plan right and then they execute on it and then what happens is when they put the marshmallow on the top they run out of time and what happens it's a crisis sound familiar right what do differently is that they start with the marshmallow and they build prototypes successive prototypes always keeping the marshmallow on top so they have multiple times to fix when they build prototypes along the way designers recognize this type of collaboration as the essence of the iterative process and with each version kids get instant feedback about what works and what doesn't work so the capacity to play in prototype is really essential but let's look at how different teams perform so the average for most people is around inches business schools students about half of that lawyers a little better but not much better than that better than most adults who does the very best architects and engineers thankfully
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so a little bit better than average but here's where it gets interesting if you put you put an executive on the team they get significantly better
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and so i thought this was an interesting idea and i incorporated it into a design workshop and it was a huge success
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as peter tells us not only do they produce the tallest structures but they're the most interesting structures of them all so the question you want to ask is how come why what is it about them and peter likes to say that none of the kids spend any time trying to be of spaghetti inc right they don't spend time jockeying for power but there's another reason as well and the reason is that business students are trained to find the single right plan right and then they execute on it and then what happens is when they put the marshmallow on the top they run out of time and what happens it's a crisis sound familiar right
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and then what happens is when they put the marshmallow on the top they run out of time and what happens it's a crisis sound familiar right
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and why is that because they have special skills of facilitation they manage the process they understand the process and any team who manages and pays close attention to work will significantly improve the team's performance
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so let me first take the us of relationship and here forgive me if i get personal once upon a time a very long time ago i was a old undergraduate studying philosophy i was into nietzsche and and sartre and camus i was full of ontological uncertainty and existential angst it was terrific
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second is the us of identity let me give you a thought experiment have you been to washington have you seen the memorials absolutely fascinating there's the lincoln memorial gettysburg address on one side second inaugural on the other you go to the jefferson memorial of text martin luther king memorial more than a dozen quotes from his speeches i didn't realize in america you read memorials now go to the equivalent in london in parliament square and you will see that the monument to david lloyd george contains three words david lloyd george
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and this is great it's liberating it's empowering it's wonderful but don't forget that biologically we're social animals we've spent most of our evolutionary history in small groups we need those face interactions where we learn the choreography of altruism and where we create those spiritual goods like friendship and trust and loyalty and love that redeem our solitude
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1,635 |
i was self obsessed and thoroughly unpleasant to know until one day i saw across the courtyard a girl who was everything that i wasn't she radiated sunshine she emanated joy i found out her name was elaine we met we talked
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he turns off the engines now imagine being in a plane with no sound and then he says three words the most unemotional three words i've ever heard he says brace for impact i didn't have to talk to the flight attendant anymore
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i thought about wow i really feel one real regret i've lived a good life in my own humanity and mistakes i've tried to get better at everything i tried but in my humanity i also allow my ego to get in and i regretted the time i wasted on things that did not matter with people that matter and i thought about my relationship with my wife with my friends with people
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these kinds of dependencies are largely missed by standard risk management tools which ignore them and see lizards when they should see dragon kings the root mechanism of a dragon king is a slow maturation towards instability which is the bubble and the climax of the bubble is often the crash this is similar to the slow heating of water in this test tube reaching the boiling point where the instability of the water occurs and you have the phase transition to vapor and this process which is absolutely non linear cannot be predicted by standard techniques is the reflection of a collective emergent behavior which is fundamentally so the cause of the crash the cause of the crisis has to be found in an inner instability of the system and any tiny perturbation will make this instability occur now some of you may have come to the mind that is this not related to the black swan concept you have heard about frequently remember black swan is this rare bird that you see once and suddenly shattered your belief that all swans should be white so it has captured the idea of unpredictability that the extreme events are fundamentally unknowable nothing can be further from the dragon king concept i propose which is exactly the opposite that most extreme events are actually and predictable so we can be empowered and take responsibility and make predictions about them so let's have my dragon king burn this black swan concept
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and you can think of different formats so for instance if you're afraid of going to the doctor and getting stuck with a needle we do arrays what you see there on the screen is a human hair superimposed on the needle that's made of silk just to give you a sense of size you can do bigger things you can do gears and nuts and bolts that you can buy at whole foods and the gears work in water as well so you think of alternative mechanical parts and maybe you can use that liquid kevlar if you need something strong to replace peripheral veins for example or maybe an entire bone and so you have here a little example of a small skull what we call mini
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silk during its self assembly process acts like a cocoon for biological matter and so if you change the recipe and you add things when you pour so you add things to your liquid silk solution where these things are enzymes or antibodies or vaccines the self assembly process preserves the biological function of these so it makes the materials environmentally active and interactive so that screw that you thought about beforehand can actually be used to screw a bone together a fractured bone together and deliver drugs at the same while your bone is healing for example or you could put drugs in your wallet and not in your fridge so we've made a silk card with penicillin in it and we stored penicillin at degrees c so degrees fahrenheit for two months without loss of efficacy of the penicillin and so that could be that could be potentially a good alternative to solar powered refrigerated camels
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thank you i'm thrilled to be here i'm going to talk about a new old material that still continues to amaze us and that might impact the way we think about material science high technology and maybe along the way also do some stuff for medicine and for global health and help reforestation so that's kind of a bold statement i'll tell you a little bit more this material actually has some traits that make it seem almost too good to be true
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i'll tell you a little bit more this material actually has some traits that make it seem almost too good to be true it's sustainable it's a sustainable material that is processed all in water and at room temperature and is biodegradable with a clock so you can watch it dissolve instantaneously in a glass of water or have it stable for years it's edible it's implantable in the human body without causing any immune response it actually gets reintegrated in the body and it's technological so it can do things like microelectronics and maybe do and the material looks something like this in fact this material you see is clear and transparent the components of this material are just water and protein
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she was fascinated by her goldfish her father explained to her that fish swim by quickly wagging their tails to propel themselves through the water without hesitation little dorothy responded yes daddy and fish swim backwards by wagging their heads
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one i graduated from harvard at with an honors degree in mathematics two i currently run a construction company in orlando three i starred on a television sitcom four i lost my sight to a rare genetic eye disease five i served as a law clerk to two us supreme court justices which fact is not true actually they're all true yeah they're all true at this point most people really only care about the television show
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i know this from experience ok so the show was saved by the bell the new class and i played weasel who was the sort of nerdy character on the show which made it a very major acting challenge for me as a old boy
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you see sight is just one way we shape our reality we create our own realities in many other ways let's take fear as just one example your fears distort your reality under the warped logic of fear anything is better than the uncertain fear fills the void at all costs passing off what you dread for what you know offering up the worst in place of the ambiguous substituting assumption for reason psychologists have a great term for it
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isaac before you leave the stage just a question this is an audience of entrepreneurs of doers of innovators you are a of a company down in florida and many are probably wondering how is it to be a blind what kind of specific challenges do you have and how do you overcome them well the biggest challenge became a blessing i don't get visual feedback from people
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she believed it our lives are full of fish swimming backwards we make assumptions and faulty leaps of logic we harbor bias
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1,656 |
we make assumptions and faulty leaps of logic we harbor bias we know that we are right and they are wrong we fear the worst we strive for unattainable perfection we tell ourselves what we can and cannot do in our minds fish swim by in reverse frantically wagging their heads and we don't even notice them i'm going to tell you five facts about myself one fact is not true
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now did you struggle with number four my blindness why is that we make assumptions about so called disabilities as a blind man i confront others' incorrect assumptions about my abilities every day my point today is not about my blindness however it's about my vision
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as a blind man i confront others' incorrect assumptions about my abilities every day my point today is not about my blindness however it's about my vision going blind taught me to live my life eyes wide open it taught me to spot those backwards swimming fish that our minds create going blind cast them into focus what does it feel like to see it's immediate and passive you open your eyes and there's the world seeing is believing
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what does it feel like to see it's immediate and passive you open your eyes and there's the world seeing is believing sight is truth right well that's what i thought then from age to my progressively deteriorated my sight became an increasingly bizarre carnival hall of mirrors and illusions the salesperson i was relieved to spot in a store was really a mannequin reaching down to wash my hands i suddenly saw it was a i was touching not a sink when my fingers felt its true shape
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so we did and a lot of people got upset about that but as we passed that information around suddenly you find that information is only of value if you give it to people who have the ability to do something with it the fact that i know something has zero value if i'm not the person who can actually make something better because of it so as a consequence what we did was we changed the idea of information instead of knowledge is power to one where sharing is power it was the fundamental shift not new tactics not new weapons not new anything else it was the idea that we were now part of a team in which information became the essential link between us not a block between us and i want everybody to take a deep breath and let it out because in your life there's going to be information that leaks out you're not going to like somebody's going to get my college grades out a that's going to be a disaster
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in the summer of i was assigned to command a special operations task force and that task force was spread across the mideast to fight al our main effort was inside iraq and our specified mission was to defeat al in iraq for almost five years i stayed there and we focused on fighting a war that was unconventional and it was difficult and it was bloody and it often claimed its highest price among innocent people we did everything we could to stop al and the foreign fighters that came in as suicide bombers and as accelerants to the violence we honed our combat skills we developed new equipment we parachuted we we took small boats we drove and we walked to objectives night after night to stop the killing that this network was putting forward we bled we died and we killed to stop that organization from the violence that they were putting largely against the iraqi people now we did what we knew how we had grown up and one of the things that we knew that was in our was secrecy it was security
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