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Hongbai is a representative variety of Koi. As the saying goes, “Koi begins with red and white and ends with red and white”, which means that beginners just see red and white and feel wonderful and extraordinary, so they begin to raise them. But after a period of time, they feel that the varieties are also good, such as light yellow, qiucui, jiuwenlong, Huangjin, etc. but with the further understanding of Koi, they finally feel that red and white is the best. The first red and white carp was found between 1804 and 1829. At the beginning, the red faced carp with red head was produced by the sudden mutation of real carp, and then the white carp with stripes mated with Fei carp was produced. Later, it was gradually improved into the koi with red spots on the back The earliest discovery of red and white carp was in 1804 and 1829. At the beginning, the red faced carp with red head was produced by the sudden mutation of real carp, and then the white carp produced by it mated with Fei carp to produce white carp with red stripes on the abdomen, and then gradually improved into Koi with red spots on the back. Around 1880, Hongbai was widely raised in koji Prefecture, Niigata Prefecture, Japan. After continuous improvement, quite good varieties appeared. In particular, with the help of Lanmu, the efforts of youyouweimen and miwuzuowemen, the inheritance of “modern red and white” was successfully fixed Its body color has red patches on the white background, red and white contrast, clear and bright. Its white to snow-white, red to oil, bright red, with luster. The distribution of erythema on the back of the body should be symmetrical and aesthetic. It is required that the edge of the stripes be clean and tidy, and the boundary between red spots and white should be clear without excessive color, which is called “trimming” neat. The distribution of erythema pattern requires no mouth kiss in front of the head and no eyes on both sides; After the skull, the part called shoulder has white segmentation, which is called “shoulder cleft”. At the end of the tail handle, there is a red plaque, which is called “tail knot”. The red spot rolled down beyond the lateral line and extended to the abdomen, which is called “rolled abdomen”. This kind of red spot has more powerful aesthetic feeling, and has more ornamental value in aquarium Feeding starts from observation, so daily management should insist on daily observation and inspection of fish ponds or tanks. First, observe the condition of aquaculture water. Pay attention to whether the water color is normal, whether the water is turbid, and if there are dead fish floating on the water surface, fish them out in time. If there are conditions, it’s better to test whether the indicators of water quality are normal. Special attention should be paid to the cultivation of Koi in fish tank, because the volume of common fish tank is small, and Koi has a large amount of food intake and more excreta. If the circulating filtration is not perfect, the water quality is very easy to deteriorate, so we must maintain the stability of the water quality. Secondly, it is necessary to observe the feeding and swimming of Koi, so as to determine the feeding amount and feed variety. At the same time, adhere to do a good job of regular water change, disinfection and other work, and timely detection of fish diseases, to achieve early prevention and early treatment. In addition, the filter equipment should be inspected every day, including observing whether there is water leakage in the fish pond or aquarium; Whether the water pump operates normally and whether the sound is normal; Whether the filter tank is blocked by dirt, which affects the filtering effect, etc. These daily work seems simple, but if negligence is likely to lead to the occurrence of fish disease. Therefore, we should attach great importance to it The background color of red and white koi is white with red stripes on it, which is the orthodoxy of Japanese Koi. It has the reputation of “red and white, red and white at last”. The most valuable variety of red and white koi is white, and the scarlet color should be above the eyes; The second is the mouth, there is no scarlet, but only white is the best fish. According to the number, shape and location of the stripes on its back, it can be divided into the following species: * 1 * two segment red and white Koi. On the white body of the fish, there are two segments of scarlet stripes, just like a red sunset. The erythema of the trunk should be symmetrical* There are three red stripes on the back of the white carp, which are very eye-catching* 3 * * four red and white Koi scattered four bright red spots on the silver white body*** 4 * * a red Koi has a red band from head to tail stalk* There is a red stripe on the body of red and white Koi from head to tail. The shape of the stripe is just like the lightning light in thunderstorm days, so it is named* 6 * * Fuji red and white Koi have silver white granular spots on its head, which is like the snow on the top of Fuji mountain. However, this spot only appears on the 1st or 2nd instar fish* 7. The small red spots of Yudian cherry carp were gathered into grape like patterns and evenly distributed on both sides of the back of the fish* 8 * * Golden Cherry Koi (Cyprinus carpio) the red and bright scales of the Royal Palace Koi (Cyprinus carpio) are inlaid with golden lines, which is called Golden Cherry Koi (Cyprinus carpio). This is a rare variety. It looks very beautiful 1. The content and pictures of this website come from the contribution of readers. This website can’t identify whether it is created by the contributing users and the accuracy of the articles. We respect and protect the intellectual property rights. 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What is Intersex? Let’s get straight to it and look at the intersex meaning and definition. In our effort to open up all subjects, all topics, all taboos and remove the stigmas often created by confusion, let’s chat openly and honestly and respectfully. Here’s a few facts which we hope will inform you and educate you. What is Intersex? Intersex is a general term for a person born with a reproductive or sexual anatomy that doesn’t seem to fit the typical definitions of female or male (@stripperwriter). This can be related to hormones, chromosomes or organs. A person can be born appearing to be female on the outside but have anatomy typical of males on the inside. A person can be born with genitals that appear to be in-between the usual male and female types. A person can be born with a large clitoris, or with a notably small penis, or with a scrotum that is divided so that it has formed more like a labia. A person can be born with ‘mosaic genetics’: some of their cells have KK chromosomes and some of them have XY. A person may not discover an intersex anatomy until puberty or infertility. A person may die with an intersex anatomy and never know it. Intersex is the current and updated term used by the community in place of hermaphrodite. It’s hard to know exactly how many people are intersex, but estimates suggest that about 1-2 in 100 people born in the U.S. are intersex. Being intersex has nothing to do with transgender. Our physical characteristics have nothing to do with how we consider our gender identity, or who we’re attracted to. The word ‘transgender’ is a term for people who gender identity is different from the sex they were assigned at birth. The word ‘intersex’ relates to pysical sexual characteristics and an internal sense of identity. An intersex person may also identify as trans. 28% of intersex people experienced receiving offensive or threatening emails or text messages six or more times in the last 12 months before being surveyed due to being LGBTI. 39% of the above were between the ages of 15-17 years old. At least 25 UN member states allow for legal gender recognition without prohibitive requirements (@ilgaeurope). A leaked memo from the Trump administration suggested the U.S. government is working towards new definitions of sex and gender, divinding them into ‘unchangeable’ categories of male and female. This would completely deny the existence of transgender and intersex people (Amnesty International). Who are Intersex People Let’s talk about one of the most widely recognised intersex people, Caster Semenya. Caster is a South African 800m Olympic runner. In 2009 Caster was subjected to what she believed was a doping test. It turned out to be a gender test. The results were not made public but it’s commonly believed Caster is intersex. With an X and a Y chromosome, Caster would be genetically classified as a male. Caster identifies and has been raised as a female and races as a female. Debate rages on as to whether she should be allowed to race as a female given the substantially higher levels of testosterone she produces. A recent ruling dictated that athletes, like Caster, must lower their testosterone levels to the median level of other ‘women’. Our thoughts? Confusions between ‘sex’ and ‘gender’? Surely other athletes have other ‘natural advantages’? Were other cis women athletes tested or did they test cis women non athletes and compare Caster against those figures? Shouldn’t intersex be represented in the sports world? Caster identifies as a woman, let her compete as a woman. Michael Phelps, one of the world’s greatest and most decorated swimmers produces lower levels of lactic acid and is praised for it. We say no more! What is Intersex Education If this has pipped your interest and you want to expand your knowledge further here’s a few interesting reads. Middlesex – Jeffrey Eugenides Brain Storm: The Flaws in the Science of Sex Differences Golden Boy – Abigail Tarttelin None of the Above – I.W.Gregorio A Beginner's Guide to Squirting As ever, KK welcomes everyone. Whoever you identify as, stand tall, stand proud, stand beautiful. Don’t be afraid to speak out on our platform, our community loves you for you, not your chromosomes. [uam_place id='3705']
Make Fused Art Glass Jewelery at Home with a Glass Fusing Kiln Many people make fused art glass jewelry in their homes using a simple skill. In recent years fused art glass jewelry has gained popularity. Fusing supplies, equipment, and classes have increased rapidly as more people are aware of the beauty of fused art glass art. Fusing takes place in an electrically heated glass fuse kiln, where pieces of glass heat up until they are softened and fuse. You can also buy CBS dichroic COE 96 via browse this link. First, cut the glass into shape. Then arrange the pieces in the fusing oven. Once the temperature has been set, the pieces will fuse during the cooling and fusing cycles. You can mix and match materials to create your designs and colors. There are differences between glasses from different manufacturers. This means that glasses cannot be paired together. Glass expands or contracts at a certain rate. This is known as the coefficient of expansion (COE). Glass is designed for a specific COE. Only products marked as compatible with each other should be joined when they have the same COE number. The most sought-after glasses are the 90 Coe and 96 Coe. COE 90 can fuse only with another glass made of the same COE, and not with COE96. The same goes for COE96. It should not be combined with any other COE96. Usually, a fusion of incompatible parts will result in the item cracking. To create unique and stylish pieces, you can also use special enamels, paints, and decals for fusing. To achieve stunning results, many artists prefer to paint on glass. Many artists love to include metal pieces in their designs. Among the many metals that are used are silver, palladium, sterling silver, and copper. Dichroic glass can be coated with various metallic materials, which results in brilliant and vivid colors. There are many items you can make out of glass if you decide to do art glass fusing. I hope that you won't be restricted to art glass ornaments and plates, coasters, or bowls. Kiln.
Education Pg 4 Years 1950-2000 Christianity has contributed the most in education to society. The church is the largest single contributor to education in the world, and in some of the poorest countries. There is no close second contributor. From preschools through colleges and universities, the Church has provided the institutions, the buildings and the teachers. "It is a fact that unless children are brought up in the nurture and admonition of the Lord, they, and the society which they constitute or control, will go to destruction. Consequently when a state resolves that religious instruction shall be banished from the schools and other literary institutions, it virtually resolves on self-destruction." - Charles Hodge SIL International The organization was founded by Presbyterian minister William Cameron Townsend, an American missionary to Guatemala. SIL International, brings literacy to thousands of the world's poorest language communities. No other organisation has had anywhere near the impact SIL has on world literacy in minority groups. “Without doubt, SIL is the world’s leading agency doing literacy work among minority peoples.” Dr. H. S. Bhola, Professor of Education Indiana University.
Pipes stacked in a yard Energy & Infrastructure Pipeline opposition undermines environmental progress and safety Staff Reports In the Forbes article titled Why Pipeline Opposition Undermines Environmental Progress and Safety, author Brigham McCown makes the case that pipelines are critical to our daily lives, and vocal opposition to pipeline projects is often misguided. Pipes stacked in a yardMcCown, a former federal government safety regulator, points out that the benefits of pipelines far outweigh the costs. He writes: “Pipelines replace more carbon-intensive transport methods, meaning that they are the greenest way to move enormous volumes of energy supplies like natural gas, propane, and gasoline. Pipelines reduce congestion across our rail, shipping, and highways. Removing trucks from the highways and roads makes roadways safer for us all, reduces damage, and eliminates tons of mobile source greenhouse gas emissions.” He continues that pipelines bring energy resources to families, small businesses, and communities to heat homes, cook food, and support the economy. Most importantly, they are also facilitating environmental progress right below our feet. “Pipelines have gotten a rap they have not deserved. Back in the early 2000s, Transportation Secretary Norman Y. Mineta (D-CA) talked about pipelines as the “unsung heroes of our economy” and said they were like veins and arteries in our own bodies, providing the lifeblood to the American economy.” Read the full column here.
Forward Bend Stand with bare (or at least stocking) feet about 10 inches apart or slightly less than shoulder width. Have the outside edge of the feet going straight ahead which will make the inner edge of the feet appear to be angling in slightly toward each other. Keep knees bent slightly. Bend over forward until fingertips lightly brush floor. Bend the knees as much as needed to get hands to the floor. Use hands only for contact--do not put any weight on them. Let the head drop as much as possible, that is, let the head hang. Try to keep weight over the balls of the feet. If the heels are slightly off the ground try pushing them down and simultaneously pushing the hips up by straigtening the knees. Do not straighten knees all the way or lock them. Remember to breath. Making sounds enhances the exercise. See if it is possible to curve the upper torso. If the torso is too straight, balance will force the butt back behind the feet, but as much as possible the hips should be over the feet. Allow any vibrations to occur in the legs Variation: Have a helper push down on the hips as you push hips up toward the ceiling. Rationale: The most basic component of armoring is a chronic shortening of the large extensor muscles involved in the startle reflex--the calves, the hamstrings, the back and posterior neck muscles. This exercise directly addresses that tightness. Letting the head go is very difficult for some people. It represents loss of control and vulnerability. During the exercise, it is not possible to scan the surroundings for possible threats. Also gravity and stress tend to compress the body from top to bottom, and combined with exercises that bend the other way, this exercise helps lengthen the body. Increase in length helps with flexibility because it is partly the bunched up state of the average body that is responsible for widespread inflexibility. Source: Alexander Lowen. Basic bioenergetic exercise.
In short, archaeologists dedicate their lives daily to looking for things about the past. Thanks to these works, we know a lot about ancient Egypt, Greece, Rome, Europe in the Middle Ages and various periods of history. They revealed themselves through studies. In short, these professionals are all the time finding old objects or deciphering those that have already been found. Now they have discovered the wreck of a 2,200-year-old Egyptian ship. Giant blocks from the famous temple of Amum hit the ship. It sank after that. The ship, along with a cemetery, were discovered in the Mediterranean Sea at Thonis-Heracleion, which is a long-sunken city. You know the vessel as a fast crowd. She is a type of ship that has a large sail and would have been propelled at rather high speeds with the help of oars. This newly discovered galley is 25 meters long with a flat keel. This is a feature that is often seen on ancient ships that sailed down the Nile River. “It sank after being hit by huge blocks of the famous temple of Amun, which was totally destroyed during a cataclysmic event in the 2nd century BC,” a team of archaeologists said in a statement. The cataclysmic event that likely destroyed the temple may have been an earthquake, according to the Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities. The vessel is currently below approximately five meters of clay and temple rubble. As the ship is buried, the researchers used a new type of sonar to be able to locate it. “Discoveries of fast galleys from this period remain extremely rare,” said Franck Goddio, president of the European Institute of Underwater Archeology. The construction of the ship was done using the mortise-e-tenon technique. In it, you use pieces of wood with protrusions called tenons and put in pieces of wood with holes called mortises. As a result, you have a vessel made of wooden sections that intertwine like a jigsaw puzzle. Even though the vessel has been discovered, archaeologists are still not sure what it carried, or if it carried anything at the time it sank. In addition to the ship, archaeologists also discovered, in the region of this submerged city, a cemetery that had been in use for 2,400 years. They found finely decorated pottery. Plus pieces that seemed to have images of waves painted on them. That’s not all archaeologists find. The team also found a gold amulet representing Bes. He was an Egyptian god related to childbirth and fertility. Ancient Egyptians sometimes used images of this god to protect the children and women who gave birth. This cemetery was covered with a very large pile of burial stones. They were used a lot in the past to mark burial places. The Egyptian inhabitants knew the city as Thonis. Already the Greek inhabitants, like Heracleus. Because of this, archaeologists named the city Thonis-Heracleion. The flowering of Thonis-Heracleion came at a time when many Greeks were coming from Egypt and bringing their cultural traditions with them. This city was gradually falling into the sea due to a series of earthquakes. They kept happening until the city was completely submerged approximately a thousand years ago. Archaeologists, along with the Ministry of Antiquities and the European Institute of Underwater Archeology, discovered the city between 1999 and 2000. Since then, they have been studying the remains.
mega888 apk World Religions 12 students World Religions Course Description: This course is divided into 2 main parts. It starts with an introduction to the religion, its definition, its various types, and some relative key terminologies which a student of religion should be aware of. The first part consists of the major religions of the world. It states their brief history, key areas of beliefs; lists their holy places, scriptures, timelines, and the size of their populations. The second part of this study consists of the same information about the minor religions of the world. In conclusion, we try to draw some conclusions from the information available in the main body of the course. It also emphasizes the necessity to learn the basics about the world religions, to develop a learned tolerance towards other faiths and its importance in creating more harmony in the world. Student Portal 100% online - anytime anywhere Contact information Find Us Here: Leave us a message
Comments and answers for "How to start Unity 3D and programming?" The latest comments and answers for the question "How to start Unity 3D and programming?" Answer by Piturnah 1. Look up a YouTube channel called 'Sebastian Lague' 2. Basically only good for games, yeah. 3. Couple of months if you have prior game dev experience and/or you're committed Tue, 27 Sep 2016 16:54:46 GMT Piturnah Answer by OctoMan Start small, learn learn learn. There are tons of tutorials out there. You can create apps and games, depending of your knowledge. You should start to learn a proper programming language, i started with C#. Get some simple things to work first. Maybe create a simple calculator. So will get the feeling of what is going on. If you want more the gameside, create any small game like a pong and improve it. Tue, 27 Sep 2016 16:53:53 GMT OctoMan Answer by Dibbie Unity, can realistically be used for anything - its primarily designed to be a 3D game development engine, but can also create 2D games and can also create applications similar to WinForms or essentially anything Visual Studio or any other IDE/Compiler can, you just need to do a lot of extra work and tweaking to build the components that Visual Studio WinForms offer - and of course everything has its limitations, or efficiency cost. To your second question, that depends how fast you normally pick up on new things. Unity and C# took me about 2 weeks on and off to learn, but with code and technology im often a fast learner, some people it takes a month or two, others it takes just a few days. The engine itself is not hard to learn, its just buttons and panels thrown across your screen - its the functionality of those buttons and panels and when to use them that takes the time to learn, and then how C# (or JavaScript) affects that, and what your building. If you understand the concept of object oriented programming, you can understand and learn Unity pretty fast. I would suggest going on YouTube and searching up some Unity tutorials, the official Unity YouTube channel has tons, a lot of developers create series as well, and theres also the Unity Documentation, which covers the programming side nicely. Tue, 27 Sep 2016 16:53:43 GMT Dibbie
Tips to Save Energy and Money at Work Going green saves energy. In fact, Conserve Future Energy reports that according to The U.S Department of Energy, if buildings were all green, the U.S. would use $20 billion less energy every single year. Sometimes just knowing where to start can be daunting. Not sure where energy can be easily saved? Ask a professional. An Environmental Audit Start by having a professional come in to see where you can replace products or practices with more sustainable ones. According to Buschsystems, an environmental audit is an independent assessment performed that ensures businesses and corporations are meeting environmental regulations. They also make suggestions about how to conform to regulations and what changes can be made in general to save both energy and money. Cut Down on Waste in Your Purchasing Department Many things a business needs like paper, boxes, bags, packing material, bottles, caps, and parts of products to be manufactured, come in recycled versions. So do cups, paper towels, and plastic utensils. Companies can see dramatic reductions of internal operating costs by using recycled products when possible. Employees may notice a lot of little ways to go greener also, such as recycling shredded paper, installing warm-air hand dryers rather than paper towels in restrooms, replacing computer monitors with energy efficient ones, keeping minimal lighting on after business hours, placing recycling bins around desks, replacing regular bulbs with LED lighting, and more. White Roofs We all know black absorbs heat and white reflects it, but few people know about the White Roof Project. According to their website, painting a roof white can reflect up to 90% of sunlight! Black roofs reflect around 20%. The Urban Heat Island Effect, as the Project describes it, analyzes the difference in temperature between a city and the suburban areas surrounding it. Cities hold heat because they are surrounded by the color black (black roads, black asphalt, black roofs). They found that a city of 1 million people can be up to 22 degrees warmer than the surrounding area! Painting roofs white helps keep urban areas cooler, saves the home owner money, and even helps decrease global warning. Do black roofs keep a building warmer in the winter or benefit those who live far north? Not really. Because of the angle at which the sun hits the northern hemisphere in the winter, very little heat is absorbed through roofs during that time of year. White roofs pay off in the summer and have little to no effect in the winter. Dual Flush Toilets Toilets use more water than anything else in your company! But every flush doesn’t require the same amount of water, so why use the same amount? Dual Flush toilets use different amounts of water for liquid or solid waste, and are more efficient at removing solid waste than conventional toilets. They cost around $270, minus labor, but there are also kits available in hardware stores and online which can convert a regular toilet to a dual flush without replacing it. These toilets have been appearing at museums and amusements parks for years, and there’s no reason your business can’t take advantage of the savings too. Get Everyone On Board Rewards get employees who may not initially be interested, to jump on the bandwagon. Some businesses financially reward those who ride bikes to work or buy an employee lunch the day after they bring their own lunch in permanent containers and cups. Little extras can help motivate staff in get involved. Install EVSE in Your Business Garage Or Lot By 2025, 25% of vehicle sales will be electric, and most predict our future is headed to 100% electric. Get ahead of the curve by installing EV charging stations at your business. Businesses have an opportunity to do their part to clean up the environment by making it easier for employees, visitors, and customers to charge their electric vehicles by installing charging stations. It will earn them LEED points, get attention on social media, increase business, and even make it possible to earn money from charging visitors for electricity use. According to, access to electric vehicle charging stations at workplaces doubled between 2012 and 2014, and 90% of employers reported their stations were in regular use 5 days a week. Corporations and employers are always looking for a benefits package that will attract great employees. Providing electric vehicle charging stations at the workplace as benefits and amenities will attract and retain top talent who are environmentally conscious and comfortable with cutting-edge technology. Why Choose the IQ 200 EV batteries can accept 80% of the available output of a circuit. Therefore, equipment installed on a 40-amp circuit will output 32 amps. Nearly all Level 2 chargers sold require a 40-amp circuit so they can charge at 32 amps. This rate has been fine for the majority of EVs. But the days when every EV was very small and had a short range are over. Our new IQ 200 charger, which can charge at a rate of up to 65 miles in an hour, has 80-amp output on a 100-amp circuit, making charging faster and easier than ever before. Level 2 chargers are usually better investments for businesses then Level 1 chargers, which charge a vehicle slowly overnight, or DC Superchargers, which are prohibitively expensive, can drain battery life, and don’t work for all cars. Choose the Blink IQ 200 for the best in fast charging without the hassle of superchargers. Some simple ideas can easily transform your business into a legacy of sustainability. Recommend for You Share on Social
Treatment of Autism spectrum Disorder Treatment of Autism spectrum Disorder Intervention should begin as early as possible, even while evaluation for a definitive diagnosis is ongoing. Management should be provided through interdisciplinary teams, coordinated by a Developmental Pediatrician/Pediatrician and should include a Child neurologist or psychiatrist, Clinical Psychologist, Occupational Therapist, Speech and language therapist, Special educator. Many interventional models are established, such as Behavioral models (e.g., Applied Behavior Analysis or ABA), Structured teaching (e.g., The Treatment and Education of Autistic and related Communication handicapped Children or TEACCH), Integrated programs that use a combination of strategies within the treatment program. A good educational program for autism depends on the child’s chronological age and developmental level, specific strengths and weaknesses and family needs. A recommended program should preferably have 1:1 or 1:2 (child to therapist ratio), individualized for each child and with an interdisciplinary team that documents evaluation and intervention. A minimum of 25 hours per week of intervention is critical for effectiveness. Ongoing program evaluation and adjustment is necessary. Inclusion in normal school is the goal of educational management; though, it needs to be rationalized and practically implemented based on individual situation. An appropriate Individualized Educational Plan (IEP) is central in providing effective service e.g., Early Start Denver Model, and the Treatment and Education of Autism and related Communication handicapped Children (TEACCH) program Psychopharmacologic interventions Medication should always be used in conjunction with appropriate behavioral and environmental interventions. Methylphenidate improves symptoms of hyperactivity and inattention in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, and may also have beneficial effects on social communication and self regulation. Risperidone is the most commonly used drug for the treatment of maladaptive behaviors in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Potential treatments for repetitive behaviors in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder include SSRI, clomipramine, atypical antipsychotics and valproate. Sleep concerns: Many children with Autism Spectrum Disorder have sleep disturbances, including late onset, frequent waking and restlessness The evaluation of sleep disturbances in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder should include a thorough sleep history and screening for obstructive apnea and other sleep disorders. It is important to ensure appropriate sleep hygiene. Behavioral interventions to decrease sleep disturbances should be used, before considering pharmacologic interventions Melatonin is recommended for patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder who have difficulty falling asleep and staying asleep, despite appropriate sleep hygiene and behavioral or environmental interventions. Gastrointestinal problems: The frequency and types of gastrointestinal (GI) disorders in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder are similar to those in children without Autism Spectrum Disorder. GI disorders in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder generally should be managed in the same way as in children without an Autism Spectrum Disorder. There is no evidence for the effectiveness of complementary/ alternative therapies and counseling should be done of caregivers to not opt for these therapies. Scroll to Top
John Singleton Copley The portrait features husband and wife, four children, and an older man. Figure 1. John Singleton Copley, The Copley Family, 1776–77, oil on canvas (National Gallery, Washington) For many students new to art history, American portraiture of the colonial period can be difficult to love. When visiting museums and historic houses, viewers are often taken aback by how stiff and unnatural the subjects of these early paintings appear, how expressionless their faces, how contrived their positions. An example is John Smibert’s The Bermuda Group (figure 2), a painting deserving of its own attention and place in history, but a work that is more somber, less legible to modern eyes, and harder for us in the twenty-first century to relate to. Copley’s work stands out starkly against that of his contemporaries and predecessors: his subjects appear to inhabit a three-dimensional world instead of resting shallowly on the canvas, they seem natural, effortless, and have distinct personas. His paintings are rife with eye candy, with every illusion—the sheen of a lady’s garment, the long fur of a King Charles spaniel—painstakingly rendered in incredible detail. While more “Puritan” early American paintings are also fascinating and noteworthy, it was John Singleton Copley who first truly awoke my interest and breathed life into early American art. A man and two women sit at a table, one of the women has a baby on her lap. Four men stand behind the group. The table has a rich red tablecloth and the man at the table is dressed in velvet, with a red wrap. Figure 2. John Smybert, The Bermuda Group (Dean Berkely and His Entourage), 1728–39, oil on canvas, 69.5″ × 93″ (176.5 cm × 236.2 cm), Yale University Art Gallery
This material is available only on Freebooksummary Structuralism in Sleeping Beauty Structuralism in Sleeping Beauty The whole doc is available only for registered users OPEN DOC Book: Fairytales Pages: 5 Words: 1091 Views: 286 Access Full Document Please Sign Up to get full document. Access Full Document Please Sign Up to get full document. ?Justin McAlpin Christine Harker 12 Oct 2014 Sleeping Beauty Analysis Sleeping Beauty is a common Fairy Tale that many grow up learning or even watching in movie form.There are many versions of this Fairy Tale which could led to many different interpretations of the plot and tale.With the Structuralists view on literature and their way of analyzing a text, one can better understand the plot of this tale, even with the differences in the many ways it is told. Structuralists call for binaries in their analysis of literature, and within Sleepy Beauty many binaries can be found.The two correlating binaries that seem to correlate with the entirety of the fable is gift/forfeit and blessed/unfortunate.The two binaries are seen throughout the story and fit with the plot. If we are to take these binaries and begin to read and analysis the fable, we can see that it begins with the binary blessed/unfortunate. In this version of the fable, we start with a King and a Queen who are unfortunate in the sense that they do not have a child, but “said every day, ‘Ah, if only we had a child,’ but they never had one.” Then, one day when the Queen was taking a bath, she was blessed when her wish was granted by a frog that appeared on the land and told the Queen that within the year her and the King’s wish will have a daughter. After a year, the frog’s words had come true and the Queen was blessed with a daughter, a gift to her and the king one could even point out. The Queen and King’s newborn child can be seen as a gift from the frog. The frog comes to up the land it is said and it states, “Your wish will be fulfilled, before a year has gone by, you shall have a daughter.” The Queen did have a little girl, and her wish fulfilled as the frog told her.The King and Queen held a splendorous feast for the birth of his daughter and invited all his family, friends, acquaintances, and the wise women of his kingdom. Sadly for the King though, he only had 12 golden plates for the wise women to eat out of so one of them would have to be left at their home. The King only having 12 golden plates for the 13 wise women is seen as unfortunate for the King and Queen, not being able to invite all wise women to the feast. At the end of the feast, the wise women bestowed their magic gifts onto the baby. These gifts were of everything one could ever wish for. The 13th wise women that was not invited came into the feast, after the 11th had bestowed her gift, and cursed the baby to die in her 15th year by pricking her finger on a spindle. The wise women taking the baby’s life in her 15th year can be seen as forfeit, or the opposite of gifting, in the way that the thirteenth wise women is literally taking her life from the baby by killing her with a curse in her fifteenth year. After the 13th wise woman leaves, the twelfth presented her gift. She could not undo the terrible sentence, but she could give the baby back the gift of life by changing her death to a hundred years of deep sleep. Though the thirteenth women’s sentence was soften, the King still wanted to protect his daughter. The King would love and was willing to do anything to keep his daughter safe.He demonstrates this when he orders everyone in the kingdom to burn their spindles, this way his daughter would not prick her finger and fall into the deep sleep. Through this act The King and his kingdom had to forfeit all their spindles to keep The King’s daughter safe. Though, the unfortunate event is the daughter finds a room with a little old lady spinning with a spindle. The daughter touches the spindle out of curiosity and pricks her finger, thus beginning her 100 years of sleep, causing not just her, but the whole kingdom forfeiting themselves to a hundred year sleep as well. Not only do all the citizens, animals, and bugs fall asleep, but the wind stops blowing a great bush of thorns engulfs the kingdom, preventing anyone from entering.The kingdom is not the only one to forfeit to the evil sentence. Many king’s son forfeited their lives to the thorns as they tried to tear it apart from the Kingdom Walls to enter and save the kingdom and the daughter, named Briar Rose. The men would become stuck in the thorns trying to break them apart and enter. Though, after the hundred years had passed, a new prince came through and heard the story of Briar Rose. This prince was blessed for hearing of the story after the set amount of time passed. This blessing is seen when the prince rides up to the kingdom and found that the thorn bush had turned into a rose bush that willing let the prince into the kingdom. After walking past the sleeping citizens and animals the prince found Briar Rose’s room. After admiring her beauty, the prince kissed Briar Rose and moments later she awoke. Not only was Briar Rose awoken, but they whole kingdom woke up once again and all the citizens and animals went back to what they were doing before they fell asleep. The whole kingdom reawakening and the thorn bush transforming into roses is a way in which the prince’s kiss and the twelfth wise woman’s good words gifted the kingdom relief from the hundred year sleep. Briar Rose and the prince were then gifted with marriage to each other a splendorous celebration. In conclusion, the binaries, blessed/unfortunate and gift/forfeit can be seen distributed throughout the fable, Sleeping Beauty. Blessed was seen when something helpful and unexpected occurred in the fable, while unfortunate was when something disastrous and could not be controlled happened. Gift in the fable can be seen in the literal sense, such as the magic gifts given by the wise women or the birth of Briar Rose for the King and Queen’s wish for a child. The other side of gift is forfeit, or having something taken away rather than given to, such as the spindles being destroyed or the other king’s sons who tried to venture into the kingdom. 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and pdfSunday, May 2, 2021 2:28:33 PM2 Difference Between High Resolution And Low Resolution Pdf difference between high resolution and low resolution pdf File Name: difference between high resolution and low resolution .zip Size: 1014Kb Published: 02.05.2021 Inserting Images Firstly we need to define what is a high resolution hi-res image and a low resolution low-res image and what to use and when. So what are High Resolution and Low Resolution images? These are images that are 72dpi and normally have an RGB colour setting. They are formatted for screen use such as websites and social media. Traditionally these are images that are dpi at actual size and above. What Is High Resolution PDF? Image resolution is the detail an image holds. The term applies to raster digital images , film images, and other types of images. Higher resolution means more image detail. Image resolution can be measured in various ways. Resolution quantifies how close lines can be to each other and still be visibly resolved. Resolution units can be tied to physical sizes e. Line pairs are often used instead of lines; a line pair comprises a dark line and an adjacent light line. difference between high resolution and low resolution pdf Image resolution Our office manager said she has a client who keeps asking for a high resolution version of a PDF. She has tasked me with this. What does that mean? I've opened a Word Document in Adobe Acrobat Subscribe to TechSmith’s Newsletter When preparing your project for print, one of your top design considerations needs to be Resolution. At PrintingCenterUSA, we make every effort to inform our customers of images that are low-resolution during the proofing process for your project, however being aware beforehand will end up saving you time and money on your project. What is Resolution? Resolution refers to the detail that an image holds. The higher the resolution, the more detail. The lower the resolution, the less detail. DO NOT stress over the difference between the two. Images are essential elements in most of the scientific documents. L a T e X provides several options to handle images and make them look exactly what you need. In this article is explained how to include images in the most common formats, how to shrink, enlarge and rotate them, and how to reference them within your document. Latex can not manage images by itself, so we need to use the graphicx package. Here universe is the name of the file containing the image without the extension, then universe. Both the Standard and Professional versions of Adobe Acrobat enable you to create and fine tune PDF files destined for a wide range of output targets, including online use and print production. Depending on how you plan to implement the PDF files you create, you may need to downsample photographs to low-resolution standards or convert colors to a standardized color space. 1. Maggie Q. 03.05.2021 at 13:51 2. Incofrova 04.05.2021 at 08:19 A pdf with a high resolution of pixels. This is typically for high quality printing. Reply.
In the 1800s, the Canadian government felt that Indigenous people were uncivilized. In an effort to assimilate them into European/Canadian culture, children were taken from their homes and brought to residential boarding schools run by different religious groups. Many children were harmed by being separated from their families, being forbidden to speak their languages, malnutrition, and abuse of all kinds. The last residential school closed in 1996. Today, many Indigenous communities are still suffering from this horrific legacy. If you are introducing your elementary students to the history of residential schools in Canada, these read-alouds are perfect starting points. This post contains Amazon Affiliate links. Author: Nicola I. Campbell Illustrator: Kim LaFave Shi-shi-etko is a little girl counting down the days until she has to go to a residential school. She spends those days with her father, mother, and grandmother who each share words of wisdom. Shi-shi-etko soaks up her surroundings to store as memories for when she is away. This story is more of a poetic account with very rich descriptive language. Shin-Chi's Canoe Author: Nicola I. Campbell Illustrator: Kim LaFave Shin-chi's Canoe is the sequel to Shi-shi-etko. In this story, Shi-shi-etko returns to a residential school with her little brother Shin-chi. She tells him to remember his surroundings just like she did. At school, they have English names and cannot speak to each other. Months of skimpy meals, chores, church, school, and loneliness have Shin-chi longing for home. He spends his time at the river with his toy canoe, anxiously waiting for the salmon to return. When the salmon return, it signals the start of spring and time to go home. When I Was Eight Authors: Christy Jordan-Fenton & Margaret Pokiak-Fenton Illustrator: Gabrielle Grimard When I Was Eight tells the story of Olemaun, an eight year old Inuit girl who in spite of her father's objections, wants to go to the "outsiders' school" so that she can learn to read like her older sister. As soon as she arrives at the residential school, her hair was cut and she was given uncomfortable clothes. Olemaun, her Inuit name, was changed to Margaret. Instead of learning to read, she was given many chores and had to attend church. After some time, she finally began her studies. Not knowing how to speak English, she was ridiculed and punished for her misunderstandings. Olemaun did her best not to break under the supervision of a cruel and harsh nun and in the end she learned to read! The story is based on the experiences of one of the authors, Margaret Pokiak-Fenton. Not My Girl Authors: Christy Jordan-Fenton & Margaret Pokiak-Fenton Illustrator: Gabrielle Grimard Not My Girl is the sequel to When I Was Eight. In this follow-up, Olemaun returns home from her residential school and her mother declares, "Not my girl!" Olemaun is now ten years old, her long hair was cut, and thin due to malnourishment and hard chores. She learned a lot at school, had table manners, could say her prayers, and speak in both English and French. But she could no longer speak her own language. Her favourite foods were now unappetizing, she couldn't help around the house, and her best friend from school could not play with her anymore. Olemaun feels like she isn't a part of the family and has to relearn her language and way of life. When We Were Alone Author: David A. Robertson Illustrator: Julie Flett In When We Were Alone, a little girl notices things about her grandmother - her colourful clothes, long hair, how she speaks in Cree, and how she often spends time with her family. Her grandmother explains how as a child in a residential school, many things were forbidden. When they were alone, she and other children would try to keep their culture alive. Now that she is older, she cherishes the customs that officials tried to erase. Stolen Words Author: Melanie Florence Illustrator: Gabrielle Grimard In Stolen Words, a little girl asks her grandfather to say something in Cree, but he can't remember. He says that he lost his words a long time ago; they were taken away. He sadly recalls angry teachers that raised their voices and hands at the children. Determined to help, the little girl gets an Introduction to Cree book to give him back the stolen words. Bonus! I recently found a new story and wanted to add it to this post. The Orange Shirt Story Author: Phyllis Webstad Illustrator: Brock Nicol Phyllis Webstad shares her experiences in The Orange Shirt Story. Phyllis couldn't wait to attend St. Joseph's Mission so that she could join her cousin and friends and hopefully make new friends. Like many families, Phyllis went shopping for back to school clothes and picked out a bright orange shirt. She happily wore her shirt on the first day of school and was devastated when her clothes were taken away. She was given different clothes to wear and begged for orange shirt, to no avail. Phyllis tried to make the most of her year at school, but felt lonely and homesick. She went home that summer and never returned. People across Canada now recognize Phyllis' story and honour residential school survivors on Orange Shirt Day, September 30. Phyllis felt that she didn't matter, but we affirm that every child matters. Residential schools are a sad reality of our nation's past, but their legacy have caused great harm to Indigenous communities. Born and raised in Canada myself, I was unaware of this part of Canadian history. I understand that it's a heavy and emotional topic and one that requires sensitivity; it cannot be ignored. Educating our students, even younger ones is an important part of the truth and reconciliation process. Pin this image for later You're probably here to find new activities to add to your symmetry unit, so let's begin! Symmetry Provocation Moment of Truth: I am an old soul. An old fart. I'm quite resistant to change so I haven't fully embraced the play and inquiry model. For now I'm introducing bits and pieces to create more of a balance. My first foray was a symmetry provocation. Without explicitly defining symmetry, I put out a set of books which they flocked to. Check out the books below! The kids quickly picked up the concept and the center became a hit! Symmetry provocations in first grade. A great idea for symmetry centers! If it's not clear, I put a thin layer of sand in a baking tin and added a small mirror. I held up the mirror with one hand and made a design in the sand with the other. The kids thought that it was the coolest thing looking at the reflection in the mirror! Affiliate links. Pegs and Pegboards I got a bucket of pegs and a set of pegboards from a clearance center when I first started teaching. Like most teachers would, I had to buy it because it was a great deal! The small pegs and pegboards (4x6 inches) came from a local dollar store. I challenged my students to make symmetrical designs or pictures. Symmetry centers in first grade. Fun with pegs and peg boards! Pattern Blocks I was excited to try some symmetry activities created by my friend Christina over at Hanging Around in Primary. They completed a design to make it symmetrical and made their own symmetrical designs. In the past I put out a tub of Lego and gave kids a straw to use as the line of symmetry. Symmetry centers in first grade. Fun with pattern blocks. Butterfly Art In grade one (first grade), paint makes everything better! These were super easy and quick - a few drops on one side of the butterfly, press down and voilà! Math Journals For their journal entries, I asked students to create both symmetrical and non-symmetrical designs and find the line of symmetry in letters of the alphabet. These pages are part of my resource: Open-Ended Math Questions - Geometry. I hope that you found new ideas to try with your own kiddos! Looking for a way to organize your teaching units? Today I'm sharing my new storage solution - Sterilite Boxes! Many teachers use binders and that's how I initially stored units. My issue with binders was dealing with holes punched through my master copies. The alternative was using lots and lots of page protectors which became quite cumbersome. Another problem was having my printables (e.g. posters, task cards, sorts) slide out of the binder. So I ditched binders and went to file folders and hanging files for my filing cabinet. It solved my hole-punch aversion issues! It also neatly held my printables for each unit. The only drawback was when the unit became too big and weighed down the folder - I would have to split it into smaller files. Then I found these at Walmart: Sterilite Large Clip Boxes Why do I love them? They are large enough to keep files of worksheets and printables and small enough to store stacks of them. In this box I have 5 science units in storage pockets plus support materials for the units. I started with 4 boxes and then kept going back for more! Use Sterilite boxes to store your teaching units - BrowniePoints I now keep my materials for Language Arts in my filing cabinet. There is so much more space and I can be pretty specific. It's so much easier finding what I need! If you'd like to try a similar storage method, you can grab an editable version of my labels {here}. How do you organize your files? What are the pros and cons? Use Sterilite boxes to store your teaching units - BrowniePoints You are likely aware of the renewed focus on numeracy. During this past school year, all of our staff meetings and professional development focussed on numeracy - rich tasks, open-ended questions, parallel questions, attitudes to math (Growth Mindset), and so on. Our math blocks increased from 1 period to 2 so I played around with a guided math format for a part of the year. Naturally a few of my students asked, "Why are we doing so much math?" and "Why do we have to learn this?" And by ask, I mean whined! :( I definitely needed to change our attitudes towards math! At the beginning of each unit I would try to explain its application to our daily lives. This helped a bit. Check out this article, Teaching Kids Why Math Matters. This discussion led to the creation of posters to help connect math to everyday activities and occupations. There are every day scenarios that involve math... Then there are occupations that require a knowledge of a particular math topic... And then some math motivation... I'm super excited to use these posters in the upcoming year to help make math "real". This poster pack is available {here}. How do you get your students excited about math? Side note: Gotta love Educlips clip art! I recently wrapped up a unit on 2D shapes and thought I'd share some of the fun activities we did as a class. If you work in Ontario you know that the ministry is pushing problem solving and rich tasks in math. I pulled together some ideas from different sources for 2 weeks of hands-on activities. Making shapes with Popsicle sticks My students had to use Popsicle sticks to complete task cards. We also tried to make some of the shapes with more sides. The more the sides increased, the trickier it was to create. Idea from A, Bee, C, Preschool. Shape (and Colour) Bingo To keep the peace, I had to assign the caller, but they had fun with this little game. I've had it for years and probably only cost me a few dollars. Shape Puzzles The first was plain and simple, but always engaging. A little bit trickier...they had to look at the complete picture and recognize the composite parts. Shape Pictures We used Pattern blocks and foam shapes to create the pictures. I loved watching them trying to solve the pictures that didn't show the outlines of the shapes. Lots of trial and error in their spatial reasoning. Play Doh and Mats Using mats from Sparklebox, they had tons if fun forming shapes. It was the first time we used play dough in my class so they really looked forward to "Math Centre Time"! Another new favourite! I made a pentagon as an example and you'd think I performed a magic trick! They were so amazed and impressed! Pattern Blocks I used an activity from Kindergarten Works. After covering the triangle, I asked them to show me another way. They were excited to come up with more new arrangements/shapes. Team Teaching Session We combined our classes and did the problem from Kindergarten Works. We had them work in pairs and set out pattern blocks, tangrams, and attribute blocks for them to use. We charted some of their responses. They did really well and some realized that a triangle would always be needed. Then we gave a similar problem and put them in groups of four. This time they had to show their work and draw their shapes. The following day, I gave them a similar problem to complete independently but changed the number of sides. Depending on their ability, I required 7, 10, 12, 14 or 16 sides. I asked them to show me at least 3 ways. My students really looked forward to math centres during these weeks! Definitely a keeper! Powered by Blogger.
Shakespeares Is One Of The Most Read Writers Ever And His Writing Was Essay Shakespeare’s is one of the most read writers ever and his writing was so successful that not just one group of people liked it. He did this by relating to his audience using universal truths. . Human emotions are not something that change over time and they are also known as universal truths; love, hate, revenge, and envy are all examples of universal truths. This play was so successful that many other movies have copied the plot but changed the scenery. Over the past 400 years since this play was written the world has changed drastically, but the emotions and feelings in this play have withstood the test of time. This is why the movies, Romeo and Juliet (1996) and West Side Story (1961) were so successful. Shakespeare’s play and the two movies modeled after it have many similarities and many differences, but one thing remains constant in all of them, They all use universal truths to relate to their audiences. Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet is a timeless play that concentrates on many different human emotions and reactions. Romeo and Juliet and West Side Story are alike in many ways, they were both very successful in their day. West Side Story is essentially the same play that was revived in 1961. Like Romeo and Juliet, Tony and Maria are of opposite families, They fall in love and their love is forbidden. Maria is Puerto Rican and Tony is Irish. In West Side Story they don’t get married but they do have a torrid love affair. The hate between the two groups was modernized to racism and not as many of the main characters die in West Side Story. We will write a custom essay sample on or any similar topic only for you Order now One of the major differences is that Maria doesn’t die, she is left alone. In Romeo and Juliet, Juliet kills herself after she finds that Romeo has perished. Another major difference is that in Romeo and Juliet Romeo kills Paris who is supposed to marry Juliet then himself when he thinks that Juliet is dead. In West Side Story, Tony is killed by Chino (the equivalent of Paris) . Romeo and Juliet has a stronger sense of love and irony. Love is a universal truth that is portrayed similarly in both Romeo and Juliet and West Side Story. Two members of warring groups fall in love. Love is something that we can all relate to in one way or another and it will never change over time. In Romeo and Juliet both Romeo and Juliet have such a strong love for each other that they both commit suicide when the other dies. In West Side Story, Tony and Maria talk of running away and they have such a strong love that they believe that they can end the hatred with their love. Hate is another universal truth that has a strong influence in both of these plots. Everyone has felt hate at one time or another in their life. As it is in Romeo and Juliet with Mercutio and Tybalt, in West Side Story Maria’s brother, Bernardo and Tony’s best friend, Riff are the focus of hate. These characters could not see past their blind hatred and many others were killed. The original play Romeo and Juliet and the new movie are almost exactly alike in their script, but the interpretation of the dialogue is unique to the actors. One major difference is that at the end of the original play the two families end their feud but in the new movie that is not shown. Irony is when something ends up being the opposite of it’s obvious and literal beginning and this change takes out the whole sense of irony that Friar Laurence achieved when he joined the two families. Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet was such a classic that today it is considered a standard. This story was so well written to please audiences that is was redone over 400 years later and it is still a success. Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet was also copied to make a musical for Broadway and today it is one of the most famous musicals ever. These were all so victorious because they utilized the universal truths of love and hate which are easily relatable and captivating yet timeless to all audiences both young and old, both then and now. none, i used my brain
COVID-19 - What Does Antibody Testing Reveal? Estimated Mortality Rate (0.4%-0.82%) Serological studies (aka: antibody tests) are taking place for SARS-CoV-2, and we are beginning to understand the larger picture of this virus. As of May 2020, these studies show that roughly 1% to 7% of the US population was already infected with SARS-CoV-2. Many of these cases were minor or asymptomatic, and they went undetected. Because of the large number of undetected cases, the current mortality rate is estimated to be somewhere around 0.4% to 0.82%, just a bit deadlier than the seasonal flu. Potential Herd Immunity (60%–80%) If and only if antibodies guarantee immunity, we will eventually reach some level of herd immunity in the future. Herd immunity is estimated to be somewhere between 60%-80%. Herd Immunity — Infection vs Vaccination Herd immunity can be achieved in a couple ways: widespread infection, widespread vaccination, or a combination of the two. Four Possible Scenarios With the current information available, I see four possible scenarios. The United States seems to be in scenario 4 (and trying to make scenario 2 & 3 a reality). • Scenario 2 — Vaccine. A safe and effective vaccine becomes available. We would artificially reach a level of herd immunity while avoiding the number of deaths as seen in scenario 1. • Scenario 3 — Treatment. A viable and effective treatment for COVID-19 becomes available. We would reduce the number of deaths as seen in scenario 1. • Scenario 4 — Slow the Spread. Implement ways to slow the spread of the virus (e.g. masks, social distancing, increased cleaning, contact tracing, testing, quarantine, etc.). Avoid spreading the virus to the most vulnerable. Overall death burden is lessened. Race to find an effective vaccine or treatment. Unknowns & Other Assumptions We don’t exactly know how immunity from SARS-CoV-2 works. Would immunity last a lifetime or would it only last a few months? Would a single-dose vaccine work, or would there be a need for booster shots? Can the virus remain dormant within the body and suddenly reactivate later in life, as with chickenpox/shingles? The Fog of War The “fog of war” is a military saying about the uncertainties for a given situation or military operation. There are many unknowns about this virus, and we are currently operating in that fog. We have to study and learn more about this virus to clear the fog. Continuing efforts like this antibody study will help in our fight against this virus. Commercial Laboratory Seroprevalence Surveys \| Coronavirus \| COVID-19
In Q: Memento Mori--Revisited I attempted to develop the idea of C. M. Weimer that "Memento Mori" could be translated indirectly, giving "Remember that you can die"; improving, hopefully, to "Remember you are dying". This, fitting the required message from the interlocutor to the receiver-of-Triumph, in the chariot. Also, incidentally, following the teachings of Seneca, who believed that everybody is dying, anyway. This approach was questioned by NVaughan who felt that the presence of an imperative disqualified such a treatment. An imperative cannot be indirect, of course; but, the accusative-infinitive (te mori) construction gives the indirect speech. Is it permissible, please, to treat "Memento Mori" as indirect speech? • I have this nagging feeling that Memento is followed by Genitive, not Accusative; is that possible? – Hugh Oct 12 '19 at 15:01 • 1 • @JoonasIlmavirta So, assuming that Genitive can also be followed by the verb Memento and that Gerund is the nominal form used for declining the infinitive (e.g., mori), one could wonder if the result could also be Memento moriendi. What do you think? – Mitomino Oct 13 '19 at 19:27 • 1 @Mitomino My immediate reaction is that memento mori and memento moriendi mean slightly different things, something like "remember to die" and "be mindful of the phenomenon of dying". I imagine both are valid, but that doesn't mean both are common enough to be attested. It'd be great to explore that difference in a new question and see if there are attested examples with meminisse with verbs in different forms. – Joonas Ilmavirta Oct 13 '19 at 20:00 The main question is: What is indirect speech? If any use of accusativus cum infinitivo counts as indirect speech, then you can argue that memento mori is indeed indirect speech. After all, the literal reading "remember to die" makes no sense as the triumphant general is not supposed to die in the ceremony. Supplementing a pronoun sounds natural and makes the message reasonable: memento te mori is "remember that you will die". If your definition of indirect speech is something like "he said that she is hungry" as opposed to the direct "she is hungry", then memento mori is not indirect speech. This is how I see it. The ACI is often used for indirect speech in this sense, but not all ACI is indirect speech. Different people will understand and define various grammatical concepts differently. I support reading a te between the lines so that you have an ACI. Whether that makes it indirect speech depends on what you mean by indirect speech. To me this is not indirect speech. There's no reason to treat imperatives differently. I'm sure you can find other examples, but the one given in A&G comes straight from Cicero: fac...mihi esse persuasum (N. D. i. 75) You also see it frequently with dic, and in comedy things like dic te ducturum. You can see parallel examples in Cicero 2.76 and Quintilian 9.75, etc. I even give an example with memento in a comment. I also looked at NVaughan's post, and I don't see that he's claiming it can't be indirect discourse. Your Answer
Skip to Main Content PSY252: Child Development (Rossi): Home Welcome to the Research Guide for PSY252, Child Development. Please use this guide to find resources for your research paper Child Development: A little history According to the Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology, the first detailed study of child development was probably Charles Darwin's Biographical Sketch of an Infant (1877). This sketch was based on a log he had kept on the development of his eldest child. In this work, Darwin advanced the hypothesis that each individual's development from birth to adulthood parallels or recapitulates the phylogenetic development of the human species as a whole (he had made a similar observation about the development of the fetus). Darwin's ideas influenced the early study of child development, also known as the child study movement. In the United States, the most famous figure associated with Darwin's evolutionary approach was G. Stanley Hall, who was labeled "the father of child psychology in America." The development of intelligence testing around World War I directed attention to the intellectual development of children, especially those considered either gifted or mentally retarded. As the century progressed, emphasis shifted from the study of children as a source of scientific knowledge to a more altruistic endeavor aimed at improving their welfare. Reference Librarian Profile Photo Laura Hogan Chat now Attleboro Campus
Is persistent depressive disorder a disability? Depression is considered a psychiatric disability under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). It’s a significant mood disorder that’s known to interfere with daily activities, which may include your ability to work. Depression sometimes becomes so severe that you can no longer go to work. At what point does depression become a disability? Can you get a disability check for depression? If you have depression that interferes with your ability to work, then you may be eligible for Social Security disability. In order to qualify for Social Security for depression, you must experience at least five of the following: Depressed mood. Loss of interest in most activities. Is dysthymia a serious mental illness? Dysthymia is a serious disorder. It is not “minor” depression, and it is not a condition intermediate between severe clinical depression and depression in the casual colloquial sense. In some cases it is more disabling than major depression. IMPORTANT: Does depression cause memory loss in elderly? Can I get disability for dysthymia? If you suffer from dysthymia and are unable to work, you could qualify for Social Security disability benefits but only if you are able to provide documentation. Is treatment resistant depression a disability? Treatment-resistant depression can be a disability that interferes with your ability to maintain a job. The ADA outlines mental health disorders like depression as potential disabilities that may qualify you for financial assistance, including supplemental income and health insurance. How do you prove mental disability? You Can Prove Your Case By Meeting a Blue Book Impairment Listing. The Social Security Administration publishes a book of qualifying impairments, known as the Blue Book. In this book, Section 12 – Mental Disorders addresses the criteria to get approved based on a mental condition or impairment. What mental disorders qualify for disability? These include: • Affective disorders. • Anxiety Disorders. • Autism and related disorders. • Mental retardation. • Organic Mental Disorders. • Personality disorders. • Schizophrenia, paranoia, and psychotic disorders. • Somatoform disorders. Can you go on disability for anxiety? Anxiety disorders involving phobias, panic disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and generalized anxiety can qualify for Social Security disability benefits if they are well documented and severely debilitating. Is PTSD considered a disability? What triggers dysthymia? Dysthymia is a milder, yet more chronic form of major depression. People with this illness may also have major depression at times. There is no clear cause of this disorder, but mental health professionals think it’s a result of chemical imbalances in the brain. IMPORTANT: What does sedation mean at the dentist? What is borderline personality syndrome? What are the long-term effects of depression? There is plenty of evidence that demonstrates the full range of effects on the body associated with depression. According to the Mayo Clinic, patients with untreated long-term depression are more prone to sleep disruptions, heart disease, weight gain or loss, weakened immune system, and physical pain. Is bipolar considered a disability? Can you work with dysthymia? While more chronic in nature than many forms of depression, dysthymia is generally considered to be less severe in nature than clinical depression. Individuals that suffer from this condition often find it difficult or impossible to participate in routine, daily activities, including work. Is depression a neurological disorder? Depression is a true neurological disease associated with dysfunction of specific brain regions and not simply a consequence of bad lifestyles and psychological weakness, according to researchers. Run to meet life
Which psychologist studied inheritable traits? based his theory of inheritable traits on biographies. Sir Francis Galton psychologists deal with topics related to teaching children and young adults. educational is the acknowledged founder of psychology as a separate field of study. Wilhelm Wundt identified conditioned reflexes. Ivan Pavlov Who studied inheritable traits? In 1866, Gregor Mendel published the results of years of experimentation in breeding pea plants. He showed that both parents must pass discrete physical factors which transmit information about their traits to their offspring at conception. An individual inherits one such unit for a trait from each parent. What is inheritable traits in psychology? Inheritable traits. studied how heredity, or biological traits, passed from parents to children, influences, abilities, character, and behavior, failed to recognize environmental factors; “Good” marriages should be made to produce more “fit” offspring. What does a psychobiologist study? Psychobiologists study the evolutionary and physiological mechanisms that are responsible for human behavior and try to understand how the brain functions in order to understand why humans behave the way we do. What psychologist studied the function of memory? George Miller (1956), in his research on the capacity of memory, found that most people can retain about 7 items in STM. Some remember 5, some 9, so he called the capacity of STM 7 plus or minus 2. IT IS INTERESTING: Can psychopaths learn emotions? What traits are inheritable? Inherited Traits Examples • Tongue rolling. • Earlobe attachment. • Dimples. • Curly hair. • Freckles. • Handedness. • Hairline shape. • Green/Red Colourblindness. Is personality inherited? Although we do inherit our genes, we do not inherit personality in any fixed sense. The effect of our genes on our behaviour is entirely dependent on the context of our life as it unfolds day to day. Based on your genes, no one can say what kind of human being you will turn out to be or what you will do in life. What is an example of an inherited trait? What are examples of behavioral traits? 13 Behavioral Traits of Successful People • Inspiring others. • Thinking strategically. • Leading change. • Learning from experience. • Navigating ambiguity. • Demonstrating courage and grit. • Displaying interpersonal savvy. • Being mindful. What are behavioral traits? A behavioral trait is an action commonly observed in individuals throughout a species, such as human beings laughing and smiling or cats grooming themselves. … Today scientists generally agree that human behaviors are made up of complex interactions between socially learned behaviors and inherited behavioral traits. Is Psychology a good career? IT IS INTERESTING: What constitutes a serious mental illness? How much do psychologists get paid? Is Biopsychology the same as psychobiology? Biopsychology is a branch of science that explores how the brain and nervous system influence human behavior. Biopsychology, which is also referred to as psychobiology and biological psychology, studies the functions of normal, injured and poorly developed brains. What are the 4 goals of psychology? Why is memory important to psychology? Memory is essential to all our lives. Without a memory of the past, we cannot operate in the present or think about the future. We would not be able to remember what we did yesterday, what we have done today or what we plan to do tomorrow. Without memory, we could not learn anything. Who first studied memory? Hermann Ebbinghaus (January 24, 1850 – February 26, 1909) was a German psychologist who pioneered the experimental study of memory, and is known for his discovery of the forgetting curve and the spacing effect. He was also the first person to describe the learning curve. Kind psychologist
Children Quotes Importance of Conceptual Framework in Accounting The concept of not generating profit for a profit organization is not realistic. Profits must be generated to meet expenses and keep the organization running. Most organizations are charities, but even donations must pay bills, and donations have been abandoned nowadays. These organizations’ maintenance and operation have proved to be more expensive than the number of donations collected. Every nonprofit organization that owns office space or a building will require profits to pay rent. Private companies have the flexibility to hold cash, but the nonprofit organization does not have it. And they should not do it because that is not the reason, they have established the organization. However, they are still having the responsibility of meeting the needs of their constituents based on mission statements. Nonprofit organizations do not have shareholders like private companies, whose investors can buy shares to earn money. They make money from their creativity and innovation. The amount of money is directly used to fund their organization programs and activities. Besides, almost all nonprofit organizations do not have many volunteer workers, so they need to appoint employees to run the organization. Therefore, an organization has to generate profits to have the ability to pay employees according to their level. Generally, 50% of the money raised by a nonprofit organization supports the employee’s salary. Lastly, a nonprofit organization has to generate profit to benefit the public. Contributions and donations are revenue generated. They have to use some creative funding methods, such as major events such as concerts, marathons, and community celebrations. The organization uses the funds to carry out activities to fulfill the organizations’ objectives that benefit the public. Finally, there is also a nonprofit business; they need to generate profits to create a better society. The organization’s profit is used to provide goods or services to groups that were created to help the nonprofit organization. Importance of conceptual framework for accounting. An accounting framework is a coherent system of inter-related objectives and fundamentals that should lead to coherent standards that determine the nature, function, and limitations of financial statements and financial statements. The main reason for developing a conceptual framework is that a framework is given to establish accounting standards, a basis for resolving accounting disputes and fundamentals that are not to be replicated in accounting standards. Also, conceptual frameworks can be classified in terms of the specific function of management accounting within the management process in organizations—furthermore, how the utility of the management accounting process results can be tested. The conceptual framework is a criterion that can be used to assess the value of processes and work technologies used in management accounting and capabilities that are necessarily linked to the management accounting function’s effectiveness overall. The conceptual framework plays an important role in accounting. This is because the conceptual framework helps in a better understanding of accounting information, for example, general-purpose financial reports and, in turn, their confidence in IFDs. Furthermore, the conceptual framework promotes cohesion by giving a basis for selecting the most appropriate accounting treatment allowed by financial accounting standards. It does not assist in dealing with events, transactions, situations, or situations with any financial accounting standard developed by AAOIFI. This framework helps users of financial reports understand the information enclosed in financial statements prepared under financial accounting standards. The conceptual framework directs the regulator of the development of future financial accounting standards. Management’s subjective decisions when preparing financial statements and other financial reports. Besides, it helps national bodies determine national standards in raising national accounting standards. Additionally, it gives those interested in AAOIFI information about its approach to preparing the financial accounting standard. “In my view, the conceptual framework is an important document for the board as well as the constituent. The conceptual framework is essential for investors. This is because it provides risk capital to the investor and the advisor is concerned with the risk inherent to their investment. Information is needed to help determine whether to sell, buy, or hold shares. Information that enables an enterprise to assess an enterprise’s ability to pay dividends is interested in shareholders. Employees and their representative groups are also interested in their employees’ stability and profitability and information that enables them to assess a company’s ability to provide retirement benefits, employment opportunities, and remuneration. Similar Posts
Stem Cells Being Studied as a Treatment for Batten Disease Stem Cells Being Studied as a Treatment for Batten Disease Batten disease is a devastating condition for patients and their loved ones because it is generally a death sentence. The symptoms are also extremely hard to handle because they leave a person unable to do most things they love. It is a disease that children are born with that progressively gets worse as they age. Stem cell therapy is being studied as a treatment and cure for Batten disease so patients can live a long and happy life with their families. Stem cells may be able to treat the symptoms of Batten disease and stop the progression of the condition. What is Batten Disease? Batten Disease is a fatal, inherited disorder of the nervous system that begins in childhood. The first sign of the disease is often loss of vision, and may first be suspected during an eye exam when a patient is young. Other early signs are subtle but may include personality and behavior changes, slower learning and development, clumsiness, and/or stumbling. Over time, affected children suffer mental impairment, worsening seizures, and a progressive loss of sight and motor skills. Eventually, children with Juvenile Batten Disease become blind, bedridden, and completely unable to communicate with their loved ones and caregivers. Juvenile Batten Disease is always fatal by the late teens or twenties. What is Stem Cell Therapy? Stem cells have recently been used in regenerative medicine because of their ability to repair damaged cells and create new, healthy ones. Stems cells are the source for all our tissues, muscles, bones, and brain cells. There are many different methods of harvesting stem cells from our own tissues, with some methods being much easier than others. Stem cells are found in embryonic cells, adult stem cells like bone marrow cells and fat tissue cells, adult stem cells that have been changed into embryonic cells, and perinatal cells. Several of these stem cells have the ability to become mesenchymal stem cells, which can become bone, fat, and cartilage. The easiest and most pain-free method of harvesting stem cells in adults is from a patient’s own fat tissue. These fat-derived stem cells never decline in abundance as you age, as adult bone marrow stem cells do. Bone marrow stem cells can also be extremely painful to harvest, unlike fat cells that are quick and painless to sample. Embryonic stem cells have been considered unethical to use, as they use unborn embryos to harvest the stem cells they use to create organs and tissues for a fetus. Researchers have attempted to overcome this ethical dilemma by using embryos that are fertilized outside of the womb who are not destined to become a living human. How Can Stem Cell Therapy Treat Batten Disease? There is no cure for Batten disease, but stem cells may offer a solution for the symptoms and progression, allowing patients to live longer than their average estimated life span. Clinical trials of stem cell therapies have been carried out in some types of Batten disease, and preclinical studies in animals are ongoing to improve the approach. The treatment has been proven as safe, but the results were not as promising. The patients studied had advanced stages of the disease, so more research needs to be done in patients who are not as severely affected. It may be a treatment to prevent the disease from progressing further in the earlier stages of Batten disease in children. No Comments Sorry, the comment form is closed at this time.
Total Number of words made out of Mismoves = 68 Mismoves is an acceptable word in Scrabble with 15 points. Mismoves is an accepted word in Word with Friends having 18 points. Mismoves is a 8 letter medium Word starting with M and ending with S. Below are Total 68 words made out of this word. 7 letter Words made out of mismoves 1). mismove 6 letter Words made out of mismoves 1). movies 2). mimeos 3). mioses 5 letter Words made out of mismoves 1). mises 2). misos 3). mimes 4). momes 5). moves 6). movie 7). mimeo 8). vises 9). memos 10). seism 11). semis 4 letter Words made out of mismoves 1). oses 2). vies 3). vims 4). momi 5). vise 6). some 7). moms 8). moss 9). sims 10). semi 11). move 12). seis 13). mome 14). mess 15). mems 16). memo 17). voes 18). isms 19). mime 20). mise 21). miss 22). miso 3 letter Words made out of mismoves 1). vis 2). voe 3). ems 4). sim 5). sis 6). ism 7). mem 8). vim 9). ess 10). vie 11). sei 12). ose 13). mis 14). oes 15). mos 16). oms 17). mom 18). mim 2 letter Words made out of mismoves 1). es 2). mm 3). em 4). is 5). mi 6). so 7). oe 8). om 9). si 10). me 11). os 12). mo Find Words which Also see:- 1. Vowel only words 2. consonant only words 3. 7 Letter words 4. Words with J 5. Words with Z 6. Words with X 7. Words with Q 8. Words that start with Q 9. Words that start with Z 10. Words that start with F 11. Words that start with X Word Finder Tools 1. Scrabble finder 2. Words with friends finder 3. Anagram Finder 4. Crossword Solver Words made after changing Last letter with any other letter in mismoves Note There are 3 vowel letters and 5 consonant letters in the word mismoves. M is 13th, I is 9th, S is 19th, O is 15th, V is 22th, E is 5th, Letter of Alphabet series.
COVID-19 or common cold? woman in a white mask and red shirt looking at a thermometer If you, like many of us, are also wondering how to tell if you’ve caught COVID-19 or just the common cold a member from the Stanford Hospital Board has got your back. This is there feedback for now on the Coronavirus: 1. If you have a runny nose and sputum, you have a common cold. 4. If someone sneezes with it, it travels about 10 feet before it drops to the ground and is no longer airborne. 5. If it drops onto a metal surface it will live for at least 12 hours – so if you come into contact with any metal surface – wash your hands as soon as you can with soap. 6. On fabric it can survive for 6-12 hours. Normal laundry detergent will kill it. 8. Wash your hands frequently as the virus can only live on your hands for 5-10 minutes, but a lot can happen during that time! You can rub your eyes, pick your nose unwittingly and so on. 10. Can’t emphasis enough – drink plenty of water! The symptoms: Related Articles Recent Articles Complimentary Issue
Keyword Analysis & Research: spanish to english translation form Keyword Analysis Keyword Research: People who searched spanish to english translation form also searched Frequently Asked Questions What is the proper Spanish translation? Translate "proper" to Spanish: respetuoso English Synonyms of "proper": courteous, respectful, deferent, deferential, dutiful, regardful, well-brought up Define meaning of "proper": Characterized by courtesy and gracious good manners. ; Exhibiting courtesy and politeness. How do you say See you Later in Spanish? The most common way to say “See you later” in Spanish is “Hasta luego” (Until later.) However, there are many other ways as well. What is the Spanish dictionary? 1. adjective [usually ADJECTIVE noun] Spanish means belonging or relating to Spain, or to its people, language, or culture. The Spanish are the people of Spain. Spanish is the main language spoken in Spain, and in many countries in South and Central America. Search Results related to spanish to english translation form on Search Engine
Skip to main content Applying tomography in the energy sector The oil industry can use imaging to detect different components within multiphase flows. Our research in this area led to the founding of two startup companies. Professor Manuchehr Soleimani examines a tomographic device. Detecting the proportions of oil, water and gas in oil extraction helps companies to manage contaminated water in an environmentally friendly way. ‘Two new companies in the UK and China are translating our non-invasive imaging solution into products for the energy sector. Their multiphase flow meters could become a key tool for transitioning to new green energy technology such as biomass.’ Manuchehr Soleimani Professor in Electronic and Electrical Engineering Oil forms the basis of many of our everyday products, as well as still powering most of the world's cars and about 4% of its electricity. Formed when fossilised algae and zooplankton are subjected to millions of years of intense heat and pressure, it is drilled from 1500 fields concentrated in the Middle East, South America and Russia. The by-product of these oil fields is not just carbon emissions, but also what the industry refers to as 'produced water'. This salty water contaminated with hydrocarbons can have serious environmental and economic consequences if it isn't managed correctly. But accurately calculating the proportion of produced water mixed with extracted oil has long been a problem for the industry. Searching for a safe method During extraction, oil flows up from deep in the earth's ground, often in combination with natural gas and water. This is called multiphase flow due to the different substances mixed together and their differing properties (liquids and gases). The water will eventually be separated from the oil and gas, often by a company specialising in this process and not by the extractor company itself. Miscalculations can result in some water remaining mixed with the oil as it is bought and sold by companies down the supply chain. The financial cost of this lower oil percentage (due to the higher water content) will often be recouped from the consumer with higher prices at the petrol pump. For the water that has been removed, its salinity can cause expensive damage to refinery plants and unbalance fragile ecosystems once released back into the environment. Accurately detecting relative proportions within a flow is extremely difficult. In the past, techniques to measure multiphase flow were labour-intensive, complicated and expensive. Often, they relied on intrusive sampling methods or using dangerous radioactive sources to generate gamma rays. Sensing a gap in the market for a better solution, we teamed up with a group of entrepreneurs to collaborate on a proof of concept test device that used tomographic imaging. Non-invasive imaging solution We began work developing a magnetic induction tomography (MIT) imaging technique for mixtures that included gasses and liquids, known as low-conductivity two-phase flows. To improve image accuracy and reduce noise we used advanced nonlinear imaging algorithms and tested this in our state of the art MIT prototype instrument. To image multiphase flows we would also need to apply electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) and eventually combine this with the MIT imaging. Historically, ECT devices have limited usage as they do not work well in an environment containing water. We worked on an enhanced ECT device with an increased signal frequency that could survive in a water environment. We then looked at creating a dual-modality technique that combined both ECT and MIT to image three-phase flows. The result is a new type of multimodality imaging system that can penetrate a mix of oil, gas and water safely and non-invasively with an accuracy of better than 0.1% New companies A multiphase flow meter at an oil field. A multiphase flow meter developed by LeEngSTAR is used at an oilfield in China. Starting in 2013 our industry partners founded two startup companies to exploit our new imaging techniques: iPhase Ltd in the UK and LeEngSTAR in China. Between them, the two companies support over 50 members of staff including some of our tomography researchers who took part in the original feasibility studies. Both companies have products developed for the commercial market with our multi-modality imaging system supplying energy companies with the accurate data they need to better manage produced water and protect our environment. ‘Our products aim at environmentally friendly and efficient energy generation. Research at Bath was critical in the formation of iPhase as a company and in developing our 3rd generation multi-phase flow imaging system.’ Andrew Hunt Director and CTO iPhase Ltd Applying tomography to medical imaging Find out how our research has developed an open source software toolbox for faster medical imaging and lower radiation doses for patients. Find out more about our research activities Electronic & electrical engineering research
Dhammakāya Movement views updated DHAMMAKĀYA MOVEMENT . At the turn of the twenty-first century, the Dhammakāya (Thai, Thammakāi ) movement was one of the most dynamic and controversial aspects of Thai Theravāda Buddhism. The Pali word dhammakāya corresponds to the Sanskrit term dharmakāya, which in Mahāyāna Buddhism has come to refer to one of the three aspects of the buddha-nature, specifically its unmanifest yet all-pervading essence. By the late twentieth century the term had also been applied to a specific meditation method and to the movements that taught it. By the early twenty-first century, the most prominent of these movements, based at Wat Phra Dhammakāya on the north edge of Bangkok, had attracted tens of thousands of followers in Thailand and established several branch centers abroad. Highly skilled at organization and proselytization, this movement was also plagued by public controversies and periodically threatened with suppression. Origins and Growth Dhammakāya meditation was developed in the early twentieth century by the Thai monk Luang Phǭ Sot Jandasarō (Thai: Čhanthasarō). Supporting his teaching with references to the Pali texts of Theravāda Buddhism, Sot claimed his new method of meditation was taught by the Buddha and resulted in an actual vision of the Buddha's essence. Though these teachings eventually proved controversial, they drew little note in Sot's day. He was eventually appointed abbot of Wat Paknam in what is now western Bangkok, which he made a center of dhammakāya teaching and practice, a role continued into the late twentieth century. Following Sot's death in 1959, several disciples continued teaching his method. By the late 1960s one of them, a white-robed nun named Chandra Khonnokyoong (Thai, Čhan Khonnokyūng), had attracted a group of university students into her circle. In 1969 one of them, a recent graduate of Kasetsart University, took ordination as Phra Dhammachaiyo (Pali, Dhammajayō; Thai, Thammachaiyō) and served from then on as titular head of this new branch of the movement. By 1970 Chandra's core of devotees had attracted the funds to establish a new meditation center just north of Bangkok, and the movement's activities rapidly expanded. By the early 1980s the movement had attracted thousands of devotees, and its meditation center was now registered as a monastery under the name Wat Phra Dhammakāya. The founders of Wat Phra Dhammakāya had a talent for organization. The movement's core of university and technical-school students quickly took control of the student Buddhist clubs at several of the most prestigious campuses in Bangkok. In the 1980s on-campus activities expanded rapidly, and by the late 1980s the movement controlled clubs on more than fifty campuses around the country. The group also organized annual meditation and indoctrination retreats that gradually increased in length and numbers. In Thai Buddhism, young men have long been expected to undertake temporary ordination before assuming adult responsibilities, but for many urban men this tradition had become increasingly abbreviated, and the movement was seeking to reverse this trend. By the late 1980s the Dhammakāya movement's program of meditation retreats, which it dubbed dhammadāyāda (Thai, thammathāyāt, meaning "heir of the dhamma"), was enrolling more than a thousand participants a year in a program that entailed a two-month commitment and culminated in a highly publicized mass ordination. In the 1980s a competing center opened in Ratchaburi province, a little west of Bangkok. This center, led by Phra Sermchai Chaiyamanggalo, became registered as the monastery Wat Luang Pho Sodh Dhammakāyaram, which takes great pains to distance itself from Wat Phra Dhammakāya. A third center, Wat Paknam, reportedly also functions as a center of dhammakāya teachings. However, as of late 2003, the largest, best known, and most controversial of the movements continued to be the one based at Wat Phra Dhammakāya. By the late 1980s Wat Phra Dhammakāya was drawing a congregation of more than 1,000 on Sundays (more than 5,000 at the beginning of the month), and claimed to draw more than 50,000 on major Buddhist observances. Its followers also organized branch meditation groups and centers throughout the country, and by the 1990s several overseas branches had also been organized. By the late 1990s the crowds had gotten even larger, and the organization had acquired a full square mile of land and was nearing completion of a massive stupa faced by a pavilion said to accommodate 100,000 people. Meditation retreats continued to multiply (including dhammadāyada retreats for young women), and the movement had required additional land for temples and meditation sites throughout the country. The Wat Phra Dhammakāya movement has been plagued by controversy throughout its existence. Criticisms have focused variously on its style of meditation, its interpretation of the terms dhammakāya and nirvāa, the alleged self-aggrandizement of its leaders, and the potential threat to competing streams of Thai Theravāda Buddhism entailed by its size, its financial power, and its political connections. The exact nature of the controversies changed over time. In the 1970s, the movement was thought to be communist because of its successes among university students, who at the time tended to be leftist. By the late 1980s the movement was more likely to be considered right-wing due to its connections with the government and military officials; criticism shifted to the movement's size, ambitions, and organizational methods, though few in this period raised questions about doctrinal issues. In addition, visible and sometimes violent rifts arose between the movement's educated urban followers and the farmers, who tended to be less well-connected and outside the movement and who sometimes lost their livelihoods as the movement expanded its land holdings. These conflicts came to a head in the late 1980s as the movement was expanding its main center near Bangkok. By the late 1990s, leading critics had amplified their attacks to include allegations of doctrinal heresy. During this period several of the movement's leading monks were also charged with financial improprieties. In the midst of this, the most serious crisis in the movement's history, leading governmental officials seriously proposed replacing the monastery's entire leadership with non-dhammakāya monks. In 1999 Wat Phra Dhammakāya's abbot was briefly suspended, but the monastery and movement remained in the hands of his deputies, and in late 2003 neither abbot nor movement seemed to have suffered lasting damage. Wat Phra Dhammakāya is known for its emphasis on meditation and on a strict lay morality. It is dhammakāya meditation that has drawn the greatest attention. The meditation Participants in dhammakāya meditation are urged to relax, focus on a meditative object such as a clear crystal ball, and recite the mantra sammā āraha (Thai, sammā ārahang, literally, "fullness of spiritual attainment"). When devotees meditate in groups, as they often do, the voice of the session leader becomes an additional (unacknowledged) meditative object. Leaders teach that when meditators have become sufficiently skilled, or their store of merit sufficiently full, they will see a glowing sphere called the pahommamagga (Thai, pathommamak, or "beginning of the path"). As they continue to gaze upon the sphere, it should pass through a series of self-representations (or "sheaths") of increasing clarity, resulting in a vision of the dhammakāya. Visual representations of these successive sheaths show a glowing circle containing a man sitting in meditation; in the later spheres he is wearing a yellow robe, and in the final, "dhammakāya," sheath he looks like a glowing saint, or Buddha. The dhammakāya seen in meditation is a self-representation both of the Buddha's eternal essence and of the buddhahood within. Thus the meditator does not attain something he or she does not have, but rather sees what was already there. This clarity is founded on the merit accumulated in past lives, but is enhanced by the practice of meditation, especially dhammakāya meditation. Not only can meditation on the dhammakāya speed attainment of nirvāa, owing to the tremendous amount of merit it generates, but advanced practitioners can also use meditation to explore past lives and to visit the heavens and hells of traditional Thai Buddhist cosmology. Points of orthodoxy In many ways the Dhammakāya movement operates entirely within the norms of Thai Theravāda Buddhism. Its emphasis on meditation is paired with an emphasis on lay morality and the promotion of Buddhist identity and Buddhist missions. The movement justifies its teachings with references to the Pali texts of the Theravāda traditions, and the majority of its practices (other than the meditation itself) are grounded in Thai Buddhist convention. The cosmology is also fairly conventional, asserting the reality of past and future lives, as well as the existence of multiple heavens and hells, all of which can be visited (and experientially verified) through meditation. Heterodox teachings The movement also promotes several heterodox teachings, two of which deserve special note. The first has to do with the notion of the dhammakāya. The Dhammakāya movement says that this notion, which is found in the Pali texts, refers to the Buddha's eternal essence, or to the buddhahood within, which can be viewed directly through meditation. Opponents say that the Pali references to dhammakāya refer solely to the inwardly comprehended truth of the Buddha's teachings. The second of these teachings has to do with the nature of nirvāa. Although most Theravāda teachers hold that nirvāa refers to a "snuffing out," or the end of the cycle of existence and suffering, the Dhammakāya movement asserts, again with references to the Pali scriptures, that nirvāa is a place where past buddhas can be visited through meditation. It appears that these teachings were developed by Luang Pho Sot, and versions of them are propagated by all of the movement's competing branches. As noted above, until the 1990s these teachings drew little public comment, but late in the decade they were the subject of much controversy, as opponents branded them heretical. In terms of the educated, relatively urban Thai culture from whom the movement draws most of its followers, Wat Phra Dhammakāya takes a middle of the road position, appealing to the mind while avoiding intellectualism, and appealing to popular fascination with the miraculous while rejecting traditional magical rituals. The movement's leaders lecture in classroom style, its followers read religious literature voraciously, and the organization sponsors Pali quiz contests, yet its commitment to building its own organization, and the relatively simple nature of its teachings, separate it from more intellectual Thai Buddhist leaders such as Buddhadāsa and Prayut Payutto. On the practice side, the movement believes strongly in the action of karma and the beneficial power of merit (especially merit accumulated through meditation); many devotees expect that the practice of dhammakāya meditation will not only help to calm the mind, but can also have miraculous effects on external circumstances. Yet the movement also discourages allegedly "non-Buddhist" or "magical" practices such as traditional divination, possession, and healing rituals. Wat Phra Dhammakāya is an extension of the nineteenth-century reforms of Prince Mongkut (later King Rama IV) and Prince-Patriarch Vajirañāa (Thai, Wachirayan), who fully accepted Western science for investigating and mastering the material world, while asserting traditional Thai Buddhist cosmology as the means of understanding one's place in the world and strict textualism as a means of understanding Buddhism. To this reformist stance the Wat Phra Dhammakāya movement added late-twentieth-century organizational and public-relations techniques, along with a pragmatism, emphasis on lay practice, and advertisement of success that appeals to many educated city dwellers. Unlike most earlier Buddhist movements, Wat Phra Dhammakāya organizes lay practice much like a school would organize its students or a corporation its workers, while continuing to proclaim the superiority of the monastic path. The organization views its role as calling people, especially secularly educated people, back to a whole-hearted devotion to Buddhism, while hoping to make Wat Phra Dhammakāya the primary center through which meditation's meritorious power will be channeled for the benefit of the world. See Also Buddhism, article on Buddhism in Southeast Asia; Buddhist Meditation, article on Theravāda Buddhist Meditation. Despite the movement's size and notoriety, there are few examples of English-language scholarship based on fieldwork with the movement's devotees. The best examples of fieldwork-based writings include Apinya Fuengfusakul, "Empire of Crystal and Utopian Commune: Two Types of Contemporary Theravāda Reform in Thailand," Sojourn: Social Issues in Southeast Asia 8, no. 1 (February 1993): 153183, which includes a description of the movement's organizational structure; Edwin Zehner, "Reform Symbolism of a Thai Middle-Class Sect: The Growth and Appeal of the Thammakai Movement," Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 21, no. 2 (September 1990): 402426, which includes discussion of the controversies of the 1980s and a description of a major religious observance at Wat Phra Dhammakāya; and Jeffrey Bowers, Dhammakaya Meditation in Thai Society (Bangkok, 1996), a published master's thesis that includes an extended description of dhammakāya meditation from the perspective of the rival center at Wat Luang Phor Sodh Dham-makāyaram. Of these, Apinya has conducted the most sustained fieldwork with the Wat Phra Dhammakāya movement. Unfortunately, most of her fieldwork results are available only in the Thai-language research report titled Sātsanathat khǭng chumchon mang samai mai: sưksā karanī wat phra thammakāi [Religious perspectives of contemporary urban society: A case study of Wat Phra Dhammakāya] (Bangkok, [undated, but appearing sometime between 1996 and 1998]). For information on the controversies of the 1980s, see Zehner (1990, cited above) and Peter A. Jackson, Buddhism, Legitimation, and Conflict: The Political Functions of Urban Thai Buddhism (Singapore, 1989). The best set of English-language materials on the controversies of the late 1990s is the archive of articles maintained by the Bangkok Post at http://www.bangkokpost.com. Wat Phra Dhammakāya (under the guise of its Dhammakāya Foundation) maintains its own website at http://www.dhammakaya.or.th/, and the rival Wat Luang Phor Sodh Dhammakāyaram maintains a website at http://www.concentration.org/. Both websites include information about teachings and recent events. For scholarly interpretations of the Wat Phra Dhammakāya movement, see Donald K. Swearer, "Fundamentalistic Movements in Theravāda Buddhism," in Fundamentalisms Observed, edited by Martin E. Marty and R. Scott Appleby, pp. 628690 (Chicago, 1991), which analyzes the movement as a kind of Buddhist fundamentalism; also Charles F. Keyes, "Buddhist Politics and Their Revolutionary Origins in Thailand," International Political Science Review 10, no. 2 (1989): 121142, which cites the movement as an example of the recently increased emphasis in Thai Buddhism on seeking a better future through ethically impelled practical action. Several authors, including Zehner, Jackson, and Keyes (all cited above), have explored aspects of the movement's appeal to its primarily urban, middle-class following. Additional information on the social and economic contexts of the movement is provided in Pasuk Phongpaichit and Chris Baker's respected survey Thailand: Economy and Politics (Kuala Lumpur, 1995). Edwin Zehner (2005)
• Millennials Adapt to Change Quickly Discussion Meeting Companies are not permitted to discriminate in hiring based on a candidate’s age, because such discrimination is illegal. And yet they do it every day. Why? Why are younger people considered more desirable in the workplace? The simple answers are that they require less compensation; they’re hungry because they need to accumulate wealth for future years; sometimes they’re more educated and have advanced degrees; and they can stick around longer before retiring. There are other reasons too, such as getting sick less often and having more stamina. But there’s one crucial thing that people don’t often talk about: that younger generations can adapt more easily to change and therefore can—and are willing to—learn new things. Invariably, when more-mature people joke about the fact that if they need to do just about anything technology related, they phone their children or even their grandchildren. Younger generations’ brains are wired to deal more readily with modern technology. And they don’t have to unlearn old technology. Today’s work environment requires the ability to adapt quickly to market demands. New technology is ubiquitous and evolving fast. Learning new things and immediately becoming able to use them are modern-age requirements. Younger people more easily learn. Older people often resist and can’t. “You can’t teach an old dog new tricks,” as the adage says, is true for people more advanced in age. Many don’t know how to use a smartphone or how to e-mail or how to navigate the Internet or how to shop online. And they’ve come to believe they’re too old to learn; they’ve given up on learning new things. Employers are fully aware of that phenomenon and consider the age of an applicant before making an offer. Beginning with our birth and for many years after, learning new things is a necessity to survive and be part of modern society. As we get older, though, we reach a point when learning becomes optional. We no longer need to learn new things to survive. Some use the excuse that they can’t learn anymore because they’re old. It’s not true, of course, but it still gets used as an excuse. And some simply lack the motivation to expend the energy required to learn new things. Older people should stress in job interviews that they have the desire to keep learning new things, and in fact they should give examples of new things they’ve learned recently and adopted as parts of their daily lives. Tagged with: Posted in Career Development Content Partners As Seen In
4 Common Writing Mistakes ESL Students Make Everyone makes a few mistakes when learning to write English as a second language, and there are four errors that the majority of ESL learners make (even native English speakers are guilty of these). Learning to spot and correct these mistakes will help your writing look more polished and natural. 1) Misuse of Articles An article is a word that combines with a noun to show what reference is being made by the noun. There are only three articles in the English language: “a,” “an,” and “the.” There are two types of articles: indefinite and definite. ‘A’ and ‘an’ are indefinite articles. These are used when referring to anything that is not specific or known to either the reader or the writer. Indefinite articles are also used when referring to a noun for the first time in a sentence. • ‘A’ precedes nouns that begin with a consonant sound (e.g. a ball). Another example is that even though the word ‘university’ begins with a vowel, the ‘u’ sounds like a ‘y’, and since /y/ is a consonant sound you would say ‘a university’. • ‘An’ precedes nouns that begin with a vowel sound (e.g. an orange). Another example is that even though the word ‘hour’ begins with a consonant ‘h’, it is a vowel sound so it would be referred to as ‘an hour’. ‘The’ is a definite article, and is placed before a noun or adjective that is known to both the reader and the writer. It is also used when referring to something familiar to everyone in the conversation, e.g. when playing basketball, you would ask your friend to ‘pass me the ball’ instead of ‘pass me a ball’, because you all know that there is only one ball being used. ‘The’ can be used before a noun anytime after it has first been introduced with ‘a’ or ‘an’. E.g. Sam bought a hat while on vacation. He then wore the hat on his flight home. ‘The’ can be used in front of a singular or plural noun (e.g. ‘the bird’ and ‘the birds’), and in front of an adjective (‘the beautiful bird’ and ‘the beautiful birds’.) 2) Incorrect Capitalization The first letter of the first word of every sentence should be capitalized, and the use of ‘I’ as a pronoun is always capitalized no matter where it appears in the sentence. Common nouns such as ‘dog’, ‘car’, or ‘hat’ should not be capitalized unless they are part of a title or are at the start of a sentence. Proper nouns are capitalized as well. A proper noun is more specific than a noun, and gives the real name of the person, place, or thing. They include: • Holidays e.g. Christmas • Books e.g. War and Peace • Companies e.g. Microsoft • Religions e.g. Hinduism • Languages e.g. Chinese • Institutions e.g. Oxford University • Titles e.g. Prime Minister • Names e.g. Sarah • Geographical areas e.g. Queensland, Australia. 3) Poor Punctuation Punctuation marks include commas (,), periods (.), apostrophes (‘), question marks (?), exclamation marks (!), colons (:), and semi colons (;). Punctuation marks always come immediately after the last letter of a word and are followed by a space. E.g. We went to a movie, followed by a late dinner; I had the steak and my date had the pasta. It was delicious! • The comma (,) is used to separate different grammatical components of a sentence, and is also used to sometimes indicate a pause in a sentence if it was spoken out loud. • The period (.) is used to signify the end of a particular sentence. • An apostrophe serves three purposes in the English language: • To show possession of a noun, e.g. the woman’s hat. • As a plural indicator for words ending in ‘s’, e.g. the boys’ night out. • In contracted words to show where a letter/s are missing, e.g. do not to don’t. • A question mark is used to show that a question has been asked, e.g. Why use a question mark? • An exclamation mark is used to signify excitement or or to show an interjection, e.g. Amazing! 4) Improper Order of Adjectives An adjective is a word that describes a noun, e.g. ‘purple flower’ or ‘nice house’. Adjectives are always placed before the noun, not after. There are eight different types of adjectives for describing a noun: opinion, size, age, shape, colour, origin, material, and purpose. This is also the order they must be listed in when describing a noun. E.g. • ‘The cute (opinion), small (size), young (age), fat (shape), gray (color), mountain (origin), furry (material), therapy (purpose) rabbit is popular with the children at the hospital’. • ‘The big, gray horse’ is correct. ‘The gray, big horse’ is incorrect. • ‘The cute, young puppy’, as opposed to ‘the young, cute puppy.’ This is one that even native English speakers commonly misuse. In fact, not many even know the proper order of the types of adjectives other than as an instinctual use of the terms. Memorize the correct order as they are supposed to appear, and you will be miles ahead of them. Be on the lookout for these common errors in your ESL writing, and you’ll be a pro at correcting them in no time! Get Ready for Your ESL Test with These 7 Study Tips Studying for an exam or test can be intimidating, particularly if you’re an ESL student. Taking a test in another language is tough, but luckily there are plenty of ways to make sure that you really know the material for the exam. Teaching yourself how to study and building good study habits are some of the best investments you can make, as we’re learning every single day. Here are our 7 most helpful study tips. 1. Create a study plan and stick to it When you’re facing something intimidating, it’s very easy to feel overwhelmed and useless. One of the easiest ways to get around this is by breaking everything down into smaller tasks, and the same thing works with studying. Break down everything you need to know into manageable study periods, and you’ll be able to accomplish everything you need to do before the exams. Use a calendar to create day plans for studying, and make sure you stick to them. Habits are only created through repeated action. 2. Reward good work When studying, it’s important to take breaks and give yourself a reward. If you know that you have a snack or a video at the end of the work period, you’ll find yourself motivated to work harder so you can finish the job and get the reward sooner. This simple trick will help turn you into a studying machine. And if you keep your snacks healthy, you’ll be learning and taking care of yourself at the same time. 3. Use a timer One of the more popular time management methods is called the Pomodoro technique. This method requires you to use a kitchen timer and work hard for 25 minutes. At the end of the work period, you can reset the timer for 5 minutes worth of free time, which acts like a reward. These 30 minute periods also work well with dividing your time between tasks. 4. Avoid distraction This is the number one thing to avoid when studying. Distractions like cell phones, Facebook, television, and your friends can really hurt your work and studying efforts. It’s important to separate your study time and social life so you can get work done. So turn off all your devices, find a neutral location like a library, and get studying. 5. Answer practice questions If your exam is question based, then you may be able to get practice versions of your tests. By working your way through mock and past exams, you’ll be able to see what kind of questions they are able to ask and how they want you to answer them. You’ll also be able to see what you need to work on. 6. Study with a group If you’re struggling to keep yourself accountable, why not try studying in a group? If you’re all working on the same subject, you can discuss ideas, ask questions, and test each other’s skills. However, you do have to make sure that you’re with people committed to actually studying, otherwise you’ll find yourself easily distracted and off topic quickly. 7. Study tools Make use of some of the best study tools available. For example, when learning English definitions you could create flash cards that have the word on one side and the definition on the other. Shuffle the cards and then work your way through them, pronouncing the words, defining them and then checking your answers. It’s the perfect way to memorise words and phrases. When recapping subjects, chapters and lessons, create a summary page. A summary page is where you summarise everything that you learned during that period with only the need to know information. This way you’ll have a reduced amount of learning to do as you’ll only need to memorise the important things on the page. So remember to study hard and make sure you do well on your tests and exams. Follow our study tips above and stick to a plan, and you’ll be doing well in no time!
The sad secrets of Glasgow's abandoned mental hospital Hidden away in a secluded rural spot north of Glasgow, Lennox Castle Hospital is an abandoned building with a very interesting history. The ruins of Lennox Castle Hospital hide a sad and traumatic history. Picture: Ron Shephard/Wikimedia Commons The castle itself was built in the 1830s, but in early 20th century, the space was converted into what would later become a truly infamous psychiatric hospital. Sign up to our daily newsletter The i newsletter cut through the noise Lennox Castle Hospital was eventually closed in 2002, leaving the institution’s sad and difficult history to be forgotten, just like its crumbling, abandoned former home. In 1925, plans were drawn up by Glasgow Council for a new ‘Mental Deficiency Institution’, and the Lennox Castle Hospital complex was opened a few years later, in 1936. When it opened, Lennox was hailed as being way ahead of its time, and was the largest and best equipped hospital of its kind in Britain. The hospital cost over £1 million to build, and had space for 1,200 patients. There were separate dormitories for male and female patients, each one holding around 60 people in two wards. Patients also had access to two communal dining halls (with seating for 600 people in each) and a central Assembly Hall, which housed a stage, equipment for cinema shows, and recreational facilities. Despite a promising start, conditions at Lennox Castle Hospital soon began to deteriorate. The hospital was vastly overcrowded, understaffed and underfunded. Vulnerable patients were left to fend for themselves in the large wards. Friends and family of patients generally reported that staff tried their best, despite the lack of resources, but conditions in the hospital were described as “wretched and dehumanising”. Conditions were so bad by the 1980s that Doctor Alasdair Sim (the hospital’s Medical Director at the time), said he had never worked in a “worse pit”, and that he was “sick to the stomach about the plight of these poor people”. A 1989 study by the British Medical Journal found that a quarter of patients at Lennox Castle Hospital were dangerously underweight and malnourished. Some claim that there was more than neglect going on at Lennox Castle Hospital. Former patients recall being given unnecessarily cruel punishments for small offences. Incidents included being struck with a baseball bat and being made to run laps barefoot around the castle, just for forgetting to address a staff member as “sir”. In more recent years, comparisons have been drawn between Lennox and cult TV series, American Horror Story: Asylum, thanks to the allegations of abuse, neglect and terrible conditions. Those who attempted to run away would be caught and locked up in isolation for up to six weeks, drugged with heavy doses of medication, and refused contact with visitors. Patients who didn’t need drugs were given them, as a way of ensuring they remained calm and didn’t cause trouble in the overcrowded conditions. In reality, only around 10 per cent of the hospital’s residents genuinely required anti-psychotic drugs. There are several reports of patients dying or being seriously injured due to the lack of care at Lennox Castle Hospital. One man was found set alight in the bathroom in the middle of the night and died the following day. Another was seriously injured when a nurse threw a scalding cup of tea on him, while a heart attack (brought on by severe distress while being physically restrained) resulted in another patient’s death. After decades of keeping patients shut away from the outside world, Lennox Castle Hospital finally closed in 2002. The last few remaining patients were reintegrated back into the local community, or transferred to more modern psychiatric units, before the hospital was abandoned. Since then, the eerie site has lain empty, and the buildings have rapidly deteriorated. The formerly grand Lennox Castle is now a crumbling shell. The area remains empty, aside from occasional urban explorers looking to catch a glimpse of the former hospital. Although several plans have been put forward to restore the castle and build new housing on the grounds, none have been successful so far. In 2007, Celtic Football Club built a new training facility on the grounds of Lennox Castle. It’s likely that many of the players and staff come and go without having any idea about what went on at the former hospital, less than half a mile away from their state of the art training ground.
'Smart material' as a concept is nothing new in the realm of science these days. But perhaps you can consider this one something a bit more interesting due to its potential implications for the future. A team of researchers from Rice University claims to have developed a new kind of smart material, which they say is as strong as Kevlar but with the softness of cotton. It's also as conductive as a lot of metals, and the cotton-like consistency makes it wearable and washable like normal clothing while also potentially turning sportswear into "smart wearables," reports The Daily News Sports apparel (Photo : Getty Images) The tech that made this possible involves the use of carbon nanotube threads. These threads work just like the wires in an EKG device, which helps detect heart conditions by measuring heart rhythms. But the main difference of this tech is that it can be sewn into a t-shirt without fear of sustaining damage from stretching, sweating, washing, and repeated wearing. There is huge potential for the development of smart wearables with this kind of technology. According to the official post on the Rice University website, people who want/need to monitor their vitals for specific reasons won't have to wear cumbersome devices such as smartwatches or chest straps anymore. Their t-shirt could literally do the job for them. But this is just one proposed application. According to the study's lead author Lauren Taylor, the new smart material can also be used to develop next-gen military uniforms. With this sewn into the lining of a combat jacket, for instance, military high command will be able to accurately track the location of their personnel with barely any hassle on the part of the soldier. Oliver Dewy, another member of the research team, has high hopes for the smart material they developed. He states that it will be almost impossible to find flexible threadlike materials like carbon nanotube fibers that can be used for both clothing and large-scale construction projects. This could be the future of wearable technology. Read also: New Study Explores the Use of Wearable Tech and Telehealth in Parkinson's Disease Treatment Smart Material 101: How Does It Work? Quite simply, yes. The Rice University team's developed is nothing short of amazing, given how much its health applications are. They also claim that, given time, the tech they developed could also be upgraded to track even more vital signs. But how does this type of wearable tech work, exactly? What they did was simple enough. They took carbon nanotube fibers and sewed them right into the fabric of a traditional athletic shirt. Since the fibers are very conductive, they can relay information into a device like a smartphone or even a Holter monitor, which can be stashed in a user's pocket. Jogging lady (Photo : Getty Images) The only catch is that for now, the resulting smart material can only work if the garment is snug against the skin, according to Taylor. But she and her team are already planning to use denser patches of the nanotube fibers to improve the surface area. This could mean that you won't have to wear something form-fitting, especially if you don't feel comfortable about your body's appearance. Related: This Smart, Solar-Powered Backpack Will Charge Your Phone While You Head To Class This article is owned by Tech Times Written by RJ Pierce
The two boys were toddlers when a police officer came to their home and found their mother with track marks on her arms from heroin use. The kitchen cabinets and the youngsters’ bellies were empty. The only things plentiful in the house were trash and milk jugs that were filled with the mother’s vomit. The boys were taken in by their grandparents. They were safe and loved, but, apparently, they never forgot what it felt like to be hungry. At their grandparents’ house, the boys would check the food pantry, “freak out if there was a bare spot,” and ask what they were going to eat the next day before they went to bed. Food insecurity and substance abuse are two closely linked issues that affect young and old alike. As our country continues to face The Opioid Crisis, it is important to understand the intersection between food insecurity and substance abuse and to consider possible solutions for both issues. What Does “Food Insecurity” Mean? Individuals experiencing “food insecurity” have limited access to nutritious foods and/or they access food in ways that are not considered “socially acceptable” (e.g. dumpster diving). Whether individuals are food secure is determined by multiple factors such as employment status, race, and place of residence. For example, if a person has no means of transportation and lives in an urban area having only gas stations and 7-Elevens but no supermarkets (i.e. a food desert), that person is at high risk for food insecurity. It is estimated that, in 2016, 42 million individuals experienced food insecurity in the United States. 12.3% of all households that year were considered food insecure, representing a 1.2% increase from 2007. And, in 8.0% of households with children, both adults and children faced food insecurity. Feeding America’s “Map the Meal Gap” shows that states in the southern part of the United States, including Arkansas and Mississippi, are affected most by food insecurity. Food insecurity has various negative impacts on quality of life. Families dealing with food insecurity report being worried that they will run out of food and having to reduce or even skip meals because they do not have sufficient money to pay for food. In addition, food insecurity can lead to various health issues, including high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, and depression. The Relationship Between Food Insecurity and Substance Abuse According to Anema and others, “illicit drug use is a well-known risk factor for food insecurity and poor nutritional status.” In fact, it is estimated that 30 percent to 70 percent of individuals dealing with substance abuse are also facing food insecurity. For various reasons, individuals dealing with substance abuse may not eat very much or may miss an entire day’s worth of meals. Finding and using drugs may take priority over finding food. Alternatively, the individual may not have sufficient money to get a meal and get a fix. Female IV drug users interviewed by Anema and others explained that, while they can get food “from distribution sites” for free, they always have to pay for their drugs. The individual might abstain from eating in order to prolong the high associated with a certain drug. At least two studies have shown that food deprivation in cannabis-users raises their blood concentration of THC. Or the individual may be on a drug binge, which is to say, he or she might be using to such an extent that all activities of daily living–such as bathing, eating, and sleeping–go largely ignored. One woman with a history of cocaine addiction described how–when she was using–she never ate food. Moreover, beverages that most people would view as healthful, like juice and water, made her ill when she was high on cocaine. When they do eat, those dealing with substance abuse often have a diet that is lacking in essential nutrients and vitamins. A study conducted by Himmelgreen and others on Hispanic female drug users found that these women ate more sweets and fried food and ate far less healthy foods like fish and vegetables as compared to non-drug-using Hispanic females. Opiate addiction has been associated with vitamin deficiencies in calcium and magnesium. Also, it is commonly known that individuals with alcohol abuse disorder are at risk for thiamine deficiency. Thiamine is a vitamin obtained from food or supplements that is essential to the normal functioning of the brain, nerves, and heart. However, alcoholics often do not eat a diet with enough whole grains, meat, and fish to provide sufficient amounts of thiamine. Even if they did, alcohol interferes with the body’s ability to process and store this important vitamin. Left untreated, thiamine deficiency can result in permanent brain damage. Digging Deeper Most of the studies considering the intersection between food insecurity and substance abuse have come out of Canada. One by Strike and others found that IV drug users were at higher risk for food insecurity than non-IV drug users. Their study also found a “strong association between food insecurity” and mental health disorders, especially depression. The study by Anema and others that is linked to above also showed a strong association between food insecurity and depression in IV drug users. It is widely known that individuals using IV drugs are at much higher risk for contracting diseases like HIV and hepatitis C. One distressing finding from the study by Strike and others is that IV drug users who are facing food insecurity are more likely to share drug paraphernalia like needles. This behavior increases the likelihood that these individuals will contract and spread life-threatening diseases. Another disheartening finding from this study is that IV drug users are less likely to seek out food distribution sites. Regardless of whether food banks or soup kitchens exist nearby, if IV drug users do not want to utilize these services, they will remain insecure. Studies in the United States tend to focus on food insecurity and substance abuse in large metropolitan centers. In a study of IV drug users in Baltimore conducted in the late nineties, participants who were tested and re-tested for tuberculosis at a needle exchange site reported not having enough money to buy food during a year; over 70 percent of those individuals who did not return to be re-tested for tuberculosis reported the same. In a study of crack users diagnosed with HIV in Atlanta and Miami from 2006 to 2009, 34 percent of the participants were found to be facing food insecurity. And in a study of IV drug users living in Los Angeles and San Francisco that was published by Schmitz and others’ in 2016, more than half of the participants reported experiencing food insecurity. Moreover, the prevalence of food insecurity within this community was “among the highest found in any demographic sub-population in the USA.” Among those studied, the researchers found strong correlations between food insecurity and the experience of violence and/or the “fear of arrest for possession of drug paraphernalia.” Feelings of vulnerability undoubtedly make it harder for drug users to leave their comfort zone and seek help in obtaining healthful food. Adding Insult to Injury By affecting appetite, certain illicit drugs can also impact an individual’s level of food security. A study by Davison and others in 2018 showed that “the prevalence of food insecurity” was higher among marijuana users than non-users and much lower for individuals using cocaine and crack as compared to non-users. This is likely explained by the fact that marijuana is associated with an increase in appetite, whereas cocaine and crack are associated with a decrease in appetite. Drugs like marijuana and heroin can stimulate hunger and/or increase a person’s cravings for high calorie, sugary foods. When it comes to marijuana, the “munchies” appear to be a biological reality. Within each normal brain is an olfactory bulb that receives and processes odor signals. Whenever you bake chocolate chip cookies in your oven, for example, special nerves in your nose will pick up the scent. These nerves will send chocolate chip cookie odor signals to the olfactory nerves in your brain, which, in turn, will send these signals to the olfactory bulb. When these signals hit the olfactory bulb, you can smell the chocolate aroma of your fresh-baked cookies. A study published in Nature Neuroscience showed that, when THC was given to mice, it bound to cannabinoid receptors in the olfactory bulb, increased sensitivity to smell, and contributed to an increase in appetite. Mice exposed to THC often demonstrated “hyperphagia” or overeating. While mice certainly are not humans, these findings suggest that THC binding to cannabinoid receptors in the human brain may act similarly as an appetite stimulant and induce overeating in marijuana users. Heroin and other opioids are known to induce sugar cravings. Within each normal brain exist opioid receptors. Heroin and other abused opioids act mainly by binding to mu-type opioid receptors, which are found mainly in an area of the brain known as the limbic system. The limbic system is responsible for memory formation, motivation, and emotional responses. Stimulation of mu-opioid receptors is connected to cravings for sweets, while blockade of these receptors is associated with a decrease in the desire for sugary, high-calorie foods. Researchers Nolan and Scagnelli studied former addicts in a methadone treatment program and found that these individuals tended to have higher BMIs than study participants not taking methadone. Those taking methadone also reported more intense cravings for junk foods like pizza, candy, and chocolate. Conversely, certain drugs of abuse suppress appetite. In addition to having more complex effects on metabolism in general, cocaine is a well-known appetite suppressant. Likewise, meth can curb appetite and can do so for even longer than can cocaine. Knowing the effects that illicit substances have on the body helps us understand how substance abuse can impact an individual’s level of food security. Clearly, if an individual cannot access food reliably, using a drug like cocaine or meth will do little to worsen his or her situation. In fact, someone using these drugs may not recognize fully the extent to which he or she is food insecure because of diminished appetite. Someone who is using marijuana or heroin, on the other hand, is likely to experience food insecurity more intensely when he or she is craving a type of food that he or she cannot obtain. Finding Solutions While there are no easy answers to ending food insecurity or substance abuse, many organizations are working toward solutions: • Help addicts get clean and feed themselves and their families: The Farm & Food Program in Medford, Oregon teaches addicts how to plant, harvest, and prepare the food they have grown. Addicts can work toward getting clean at local treatment facilities while coming to the farm to volunteer, grow their own food, and connect with their families. • Addressing other factors that contribute to substance abuse and food insecurity: As discussed above, many individuals facing substance abuse and food insecurity also face other major issues such as homelessness, mental health disorders, and exposure to potentially life-threatening illnesses like HIV. The Addiction Recovery Guide provides information on sober housing options for individuals who want to get clean and need a roof over their heads. Opiate addiction centers and other rehab centers are available to provide behavioral counseling and therapy to those suffering from substance abuse and issues like depression or anxiety. Also, needle exchange programs throughout the United States are available to provide clean syringes to those struggling with addiction and to help prevent the transmission and spread of infectious diseases. • Collaborate with food distribution organizations to help those dealing with substance abuse get fed: The New Life Food Pantry in Baltimore provides meals to addicts who are recovering at a nearby treatment center. Midwest Food Bank in Seymour, Indiana provides groceries to a local “transitional housing and detox facility.” Also, Oaks Integrated Care offers not only addiction recovery services but also boasts two food pantries in Mt. Holly and Berlin, New Jersey that provide food, clothing, and basic hygiene items to those in need. When organizations that can provide food team up with organizations that can provide rehab services, help can be found for those standing at the crossroads of food insecurity and substance abuse. To learn more about how you can help feed those in need, visit Couple Rehab. Please enter your comment! Please enter your name here
Wisdom Teeth Removal The average adult has 32 teeth by age 18. There are normally 16 teeth on top and 16 teeth on the bottom. Each tooth in the mouth has a specific name and function. The teeth in the front of the mouth are referred to as the incisors, canine, and bicuspid teeth. These are ideal for grasping and biting food into smaller pieces while the back teeth, or molar teeth, are used to grind food into a consistency suitable for swallowing. The average mouth is only made to hold 28 teeth, and it can be painful when 32 teeth try to fit. These four other teeth are your third molars and are referred to as “wisdom teeth.” Removing Wisdom Teeth If you do not have enough room in your mouth for your wisdom teeth to fully erupt, a number of problems can occur. Impacted wisdom teeth should be removed before their root structure is fully developed. In some patients, removal can take place as early as ages 12 or 13. In others, it may not be until their early twenties. Problems tend to occur with increasing frequency after the age of 30. Some of the possible problems related to not removing your wisdom teeth include: The most frequent clinical problem we see with wisdom teeth is pericoronitis, a localized gum infection. When they have partially erupted, the opening in the gums around the teeth allows bacteria to grow and will eventually cause an infection. Without enough room for total eruption, the gum tissue around the wisdom tooth can become irritated and infected, resulting in recurrent pain, swelling, and problems with chewing and/or swallowing. Cyst Formation: Non-infectious diseases may also arise in association with an impacted wisdom teeth removal. Cysts are fluid-filled “balloons” inside the jaw bone that develop as a result of impacted teeth. They slowly expand, destroying adjacent jaw bone and occasionally teeth. They can be very difficult to treat if your wisdom teeth are not removed in your teenage years. Although rare, tumors can be associated with the delayed removal of wisdom teeth. Possible Crowding: Impacted wisdom teeth may contribute to crowding of your teeth. This is most noticeable with the front teeth, primarily the lower front teeth. This is most commonly seen after a patient has had braces. There are a number of factors that cause teeth to crowd after braces or in early adulthood, however. Retained, impacted wisdom teeth may be a contributing factor. Unless you have an active problem when you see the oral surgeon, the reason for removal is primarily to prevent long-term damage to your teeth, gums, and jaw bone. Damage to Adjacent Teeth: If there is inadequate room to clean around the wisdom tooth, the tooth directly in front (the second molar) can be adversely affected resulting in gum disease, bone loss around the tooth, and/or decay. What If I Don’t Have My Wisdom Teeth Removed as a Teenager or Young Adult? For older patients, healing may be slower and the chance of infection can be increased. If your impacted wisdom teeth are not removed in your teenage years or early twenties and they are completely impacted in bone, it may be advisable to wait until a localized problem (such as cyst formation or localized gum disease and bone loss) develops. In general, you will heal faster and more predictably with fewer complications if treated in your teens or early twenties. Wisdom Teeth Removal Procedure In most cases, the removal of teeth is performed under IV sedation or general anesthesia. These options, as well as the possible surgical risks, will be discussed with you before the procedure is performed. The gum is sutured once the teeth are removed and gauze is placed in your mouth to help control bleeding. Our office staff has the training, licensing, and experience to provide the various types of anesthesia. These services are provided in an environment of optimum safety, utilizing modern monitoring equipment and well-trained, experienced staff. The Surgical Care Team, the office facilities, and the doctors are inspected on behalf of the American Society of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. On the day of your procedure, we ask that a parent or responsible adult accompanies you to the office and plans to stay with you for the rest of the day. The procedure will take about 30 to 60 minutes and you will probably be in the office for about 90 minutes. Recent advances in medicine and technology allow patients to undergo wisdom tooth removal in a manner that promotes rapid healing and minimal post-operative discomfort. You will be given a prescription to fill and take at home to minimize pain and ensure proper wisdom teeth removal healing. If you have any questions or would like a consultation, give us a call. We’re happy to talk about the options with you.
35. maintains rod-like form is unknown. Right here, we make use of time-lapse and 3D imaging in conjunction with computational evaluation to map the development, geometry, and cytoskeletal firm of one bacterial cells at subcellular quality. Our outcomes demonstrate that reviews between cell geometry and MreB localization keeps rod-like cell form by concentrating on cell wall structure development to parts of harmful cell wall structure curvature. Pulse-chase labeling signifies that development is certainly heterogeneous and correlates and temporally with MreB localization JK 184 spatially, whereas MreB inhibition leads to even more homogeneous development, including growth in polar regions regarded as inert. Biophysical simulations create that curvature reviews in the localization of cell wall structure development is an efficient system for cell straightening and claim that surface area deformations due to cell wall structure insertion could immediate circumferential movement of MreB. Our function implies that MreB orchestrates consistent, heterogeneous development on the subcellular range, enabling robust, even development at the mobile range without needing global organization. How cells maintain described and steady morphologies is a simple question in every branches of lifestyle. Building cellular-scale buildings with the right spatial structures and mechanised properties needs that nanometer-scale proteins be capable of identify and alter cell form across multiple duration scales. In walled microorganisms such as plant life (1C5), fungi (6), and bacterias (7C10), morphogenesis is often achieved via an interplay between your cell and cytoskeleton wall structure synthesis. A central problem in bacterial physiology is certainly to comprehend the reviews between cell form as well as the coordination of wall structure development with the cytoskeleton. The cell wall structure plays a crucial mechanical function in controlling turgor tension in practically all bacterias and it is both required and enough to define cell form (11). The bacterial cell wall structure is certainly a mesh-like network of glucose strands cross-linked by peptides (11, 12). In rod-shaped cells, cell wall structure development takes place along the cylindrical body. Biophysical modeling provides suggested a arbitrary design of insertion cannot protect cell form (13), indicating that spatial coordination from the development machinery is essential for cell form maintenance. Many lines of proof demonstrate the fact that actin homolog MreB (14, 15) has a major function within this coordination generally in most rod-shaped bacterias. The tiny molecule A22 depolymerizes MreB and causes a continuous changeover from a rod-like to a spherical form (15C17). JK 184 This observation shows that the disruption of JK 184 MreB adjustments the JK 184 patterning of brand-new materials insertion, although the type of this transformation remains unidentified (13). In both (10) and (8, 9), MreB rotates throughout the lengthy axis from the cell in a way reliant on cell wall structure synthesis, recommending a link between growth and MreB. In MG1655 stress with an monomeric Venus sandwich fusion (MreBmVenus) as the only real duplicate of at its indigenous chromosomal locus (and Desks S1 and S2) (21). In accordance with JK 184 the ancestral stress, this fusion acquired a quantitatively equivalent exponential development rate and equivalent cell length distributions (Fig. S1 and and Fig. S1and bacterium displaying dynamic buildings of fluorescently tagged MreB (MreBmVenus), an actin-like cytoskeletal protein, that localize towards the cell periphery. The computationally motivated cell curves are proven in cyan. (and indicate locations with above-average MreB strength. (and = 104 cells) for cells developing LTBP1 in sinusoidally designed chambers, demonstrating the same enrichment features as and Fig. S4). These enrichment profiles indicated just how much even more (>1) or much less (<1) focused MreB was across different curvatures, weighed against being arbitrarily localized (=1) within an individual cell. In every cells, we noticed MreB enrichment at parts of harmful contour curvature and incomplete depletion in parts of positive curvature, with the biggest amount of depletion at polar curvatures (Fig. 1and Fig. S4). At little positive curvature, the distribution of considerably assessed enrichment beliefs broadened, indicating a fraction.
Study on conservation ecology of endangered freshwater animal species April 13, 2021 • Prof. NAKATA Kazuyoshi Study on conservation ecology of endangered freshwater animal species Many native species of freshwater animals are endangered due to factors such as the negative effects of river or agricultural channel improvements and predation or competitive exclusion by invasive species. To conserve such endangered native freshwater animals, we have to clarify the basic ecology (e.g., reproductive behavior and habitat preference) and then develop effective conservation methods. In our recent studies, we clarified the habitat preference of the endangered bitterling fish species (Rhodeus atremius suigensis; Fig. 1) in agricultural channels, and wintering site environment of the endangered Nagoya Daruma Pond Frog (Pelophylax porosus brevipodus) inhabiting paddy fields. Also, we have studied the effectiveness of restoration methods in agricultural channels for freshwater fish conservation. Study on ecology of invasive crayfish species and development of effective eradication methods Invasive freshwater animal species have a negative impact on native species. Especially, the impact of invasive crayfish is strong. In our previous studies, the invasive North American crayfish species (Pacifastacus leniusculus) was shown to be able to cause species replacement for the endangered native Japanese crayfish species (Cambaroides japonicus) due to direct predation (Fig. 2) or in competition for preferred sized shelters. In the present study, we have tried to clarify the life cycle of the North American invasive crayfish species Procambarus clarkii inhabiting water areas in Japan and also to develop effective eradication methods. • Prof. NAKATA Kazuyoshi • Applied Ecology, Okayama University • E-mail：nakatak＠（）
What is thicker 12 or 14 gauge steel? Gauge is the measurement used to measure the thickness of steel. In the gauge system the higher the number the thinner the steel. As an example, 12 gauge steel is thicker and stronger than 14 gauge steel. What is thicker 12g or 14g? 12-gauge is thicker than 14-gauge. 12-gauge steel sheets have a thickness of 0.1084 inches, whereas a 14 gauge metal sheet is 0.0785 inches thick. Which is thicker 12 gauge or 14 gauge steel? On the other hand, a 12-gauge steel building is stronger because it is a thicker gauge, measuring 2¼” x 2¼” in diameter with a standard steel thickness range of 0.095 to 0.1046 inches (for comparison, 14-gauge steel has a thickness range of 0.068 to 0.074 inches). What is thicker 10 gauge or 12 gauge steel? 11-gauge steel is 1.45 times stronger than 12-gauge steel. 10-gauge steel is 1.42 times stronger than 11-gauge steel. IT IS INTERESTING: What self Defence weapons are legal UK? What is thicker 14 or 16 gauge steel? 16ga steel is . 065” inches thick, that is about 1/16th of an inch thick. 14 gauge in comparison is . 083 inches thick which doesn’t sound like much except it is almost 30% thicker (27.6% to be exact). Should I use 12 or 14 gauge wire? What thickness is 11 gauge? 9 5/32 2.835 10 9/64 2.552 11 1/8 2.268 12 7/64 1.984 What gauge metal is strongest? Everything You Need to Know About Gauge of Steel The rating for steel gauge may seem backward: the smaller the number, the thicker the steel. 7 gauge steel, for example, is much thicker than 12 gauge steel. And the thickness makes a difference—the thicker the steel, the stronger it is. What weight can 12 gauge steel hold? Gauge US Standard Gauge Sheet Steel (inches) Weight (lb/ft2) 12 0.1094 4.375 11 0.1250 5.000 10 0.1406 5.625 What is the best gauge extension cord? Recommended wire gauge for extension cords A cord measuring 14 AWG is the thinnest we recommend—and at lengths of only 25 feet or shorter—and the much thicker 10 AWG is likely the thickest gauge you’ll find in an extension cord. IT IS INTERESTING: Where can I buy a weapon repair kit? Is a 10 gauge more powerful than a 12 gauge? The difference is that the 10-gauge is larger and more powerful than a 12-gauge. It’s popular with goose hunters, because it throws more shot out at the same speed as a 12-gauge, making it more likely to hit a goose at extreme range, when the shot charge has spread out with a large space between pellets. Is 22 gauge steel strong? But what makes a SteelMaster so strong? Not only does the eye-catching arch design contribute to the undeniable strength of our buildings, but the 22-gauge steel panels used to build them are what make SteelMaster structures extremely durable. … The lower the number, the thicker and stronger the steel. What is the biggest gauge shotgun? • Shotgun gauges explained. • 10 gauge – A heavy firearm with a forceful recoil, the 10 gauge is the largest legal shotgun in the United States. … What happened to the 16 gauge shotgun? Which is better 14 gauge or 16 gauge? The lower the gauge number, the thicker the wire. … Thick wire (12 or 14 gauge) is recommended for long wire runs, high power applications, and low-impedance speakers (4 or 6 ohms). For relatively short runs (less than 50 feet) to 8 ohm speakers, 16 gauge wire will usually do just fine. IT IS INTERESTING: Your question: What is the strongest one handed weapon in Skyrim? How much does a 4×8 sheet of 16 gauge steel weigh? Sheet Metal Gauges and Weights Gauge (ga) Standard Steel Aluminum, Brass, Copper Thickness Aluminum Weight 15 0.0673 0.806 16 0.0598 0.717 17 0.0538 0.639 Blog about weapons
The BTC Support Number You Should Know Right Now! Bitcoin, a digital currency, is a safe and secured medium for transactions and trades to take place. As compared to any other cryptocurrency, bitcoin has gained massive popularity over the years due to its usability and features. It holds a huge market value and provides an anonymous mode for transactions. Bitcoin is considered to be an effective alternative to conventional currencies. What Are The Characteristics Of Bitcoin? 1. Bitcoin Is A Virtual Currency Bitcoin is a virtual currency. It means that bitcoin is not created in the physical structure of coins and notes. It is created in the form of computer files. These files are stored in a virtual wallet. 1. Bitcoin Is A Decentralized Currency No central power controls and manages bitcoin. Conventional currencies are controlled and managed by a central power. These powers are usually government-related and its authorities. Since bitcoin is not managed by the country’s government control, it is a decentralized currency. The user has complete ownership over their bitcoins. 1. Bitcoin Provides Speedy Transactions Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency that provides speedy transactions. Bitcoin enables the transfer of money from one part of the world to another part of the world speedily and quickly. It only takes some minutes to complete a transaction or payment made by bitcoin. The money sent is received speedily as well. 1. Bitcoin Transactions Are Not Reversible Once a transaction has been made by bitcoin, it cannot be reversed. It means that when a user has sent money to another user in the form of bitcoin, the sender cannot gain the money back. It can only be gained by the sender if the receiving party aggress to send it back. 1. Bitcoin Transactions Are Done Anomalously As compared to other forms of transactions or currencies, bitcoin is a currency that does not require a verified identity to make transactions. A user can use a pseudonym or an alias for the transfer or payment of money through bitcoin. Since bitcoin does not require proper verification from the government, a user can create a new identity to provide money to a party that is also holding an anonymous identity. 1. Bitcoin Can Be Set Up Easily One of the most attractive features of bitcoin is the easy setup it provides. As compared to banks, bitcoin doesn’t require any legal documents to set up an account for transactions. Anyone can create an account for bitcoin using any username and password they like without any official documents. BTC Support Number Are you new to the world of bitcoin and want to know every single detail regarding bitcoin in no time? Well, we can tell you a BTC support number that you must try right now! has the most trusted and beneficial BTC support number that will expertly solve every query regarding bitcoin in no time! This Brings Us To Investing in bitcoin is easy and simple. It is outside the control of a country’s government. If you want the money that is completely owned and managed by you, bitcoin is advisable. Leave a Reply
German is Fun German is famous, almost infamous, for its ability to make compounds words by simply adding more and more affixes. The combinations are virtually unlimited. As Mark Twain put it, “Some German words are so long that they have perspective.” Below is an article which lists 8 ridiculously long, yet still correct German words. Of the eight, Donaudampfschiffahrtsgesellschaftskapitän relates directly to the Danube, meaning “Danube steamship company captain.” Even longer words can be created by adding more to that word, examples include Donaudampfschiffahrtsgesellschaftskapitänsmütze (the captain’s hat), Donaudampfschiffahrtsgesellschaftskapitänskajütenschlüssel (the captain’s cabin key) and the most terrifying Donaudampfschifffahrtselektrizitätenhauptbetriebswerkbauunterbeamtengesellschaft (Danube steam ship transport’s electricity’s head operation’s work building under officials association). Eight long German words As German loan words have been used in English for centuries, the German-speaking Danube, in a way, has already been brought to the Thames. Some German food words used in English include ‘apple strudel’ from Apfelstrudel, ‘hamburger’ from Hamburger, ‘lager’ from Lager, and ‘wiener’ from Wiener, which actually means Viennese or a person from Vienna. Some academic terms taken directly from German with no spelling changes are ‘Neanderthal’ (Neander valley), ‘Bildungsroman’ (a novel about the protagonist’s moral and psychological growth), and ‘zeitgeist’ (spirit of the time). Some more commonly used words with German roots are ‘doppelganger’ from Doppelgänger, ‘kindergarten’ from Kindergarten, ‘uber’ from über, ‘waltz’ from walzen (to revolve), and ‘wanderlust’ from Wanderlust. As mentioned earlier, making compound words in German is quite easy. This feature allows the language to not require as many morphemes since new words are created simply by combining previously existing words. In a sense, German is quite a logical language as it associates ideas together to convey another. Animal names in German are a wonderful example of this linguistic feature: To English speakers, German might sound a bit harsh. For this view, bands like Rammstein are partly to blame. The group’s daily German sessions really eradicated this belief by showing how smooth and even humorous German can be. The following are some mild curses in German with rather funny literal translations. Enjoy! Dorftrottel: village idiot feiger Hund: cowardly dog Hampelmann: klutz Himmeldonnerwetter: sky thunder weather Schwachkopf: weak-head Schweinehund: pig-dog Schweinepriester: pig-priest Leave a Reply You are commenting using your account. Log Out / Change ) Google photo Twitter picture Facebook photo Connecting to %s
Tattoos in the Ancient World Images of 2 of the 61 tattoos on the 5,300 year-old “Ice Man” aka “Otzi” discovered, preserved in ice, by Alpine hikers on September 19, 1991. Because of the Ice Man, we know that men, especially, have always had tattoos for at least thousands of years or more. The forever-marks on parts of the bodies illustrate beliefs in gods, desires, honoring of others and other self-identifying tattoos. That is the main purpose of the new fashion of tattooing. Tattoos “call attention” to the one who has the tattoo or tattoos. But tattoos have traditionally been seen as “not a good thing.” In the Chinese Zhou dynasty (1046–256 BC), the longest-lived dynasty, authorities put facial tattoos on people as punishment for certain crimes and to permanently mark those who were prisoners or slaves. The ancient Romans put tattoos on slaves, gladiators and criminals. Even in our modern times, the Nazis tattooed numbers on the arms of Jews during the Holocaust and that was considered then and now bad, de-humanizing.So there is a very long history of tattoos meaning “not a good thing,” meaning only the oppressed or criminals would have a tattoo. A tattoo was a “stigma.” None in the past went to a tattoo artist, paid them money and asked them for a tattoo. Leviticus is one of the five books in the Torah There is in the Old Testament as far back as c. 1500 BC a law banning tattoos: “Do not cut your bodies for the dead or put tattoo marks on yourselves. I am the Lord.” Leviticus 19:28 NIV The Egyptians tattooed themselves and in that time in BC history, the Jews had just been kicked out of Egypt and were on their Exodus. Moses was given by God the first five books of the Old Testament called the Torah, which included the Ten Commandments. All the Jews had previously seen for c. 400 years during their captivity in Egypt were pagan religions, pagan dress, pagan practices. The Law against tattoos attempted to ban one of those heathen practices. But one may say, Yes, it is there but tattoos are banned only ONCE in the Bible. True. But here are other things that are banned ONLY ONCE in the Old Testament: Does anyone think bestiality is now a good thing because it has scant mention in the Old Testament? “Do not prostitute thy daughter, to cause her to be a whore; lest the land fall to whoredom, and the land become full of wickedness.” Leviticus 19:29 KJV Does anyone think it is now okay for a parent to prostitute his/her daughter? “Do not give any of your children to be sacrificed to Moloch, for you must not profane the name of your God. I am the LORD.” NIV Does any human being on earth NOW think it is right to sacrifice your babies/children to some god to be burned up in the fire? Of course, it is ludicrous and evil to do any of the above-mentioned things even though they are mentioned ONLY ONCE in the Bible. Would a righteous God condone any of the above-mentioned? The laws justify themselves. Constantine the Great (272–337 AD) The Christian Emperor Constantine I banned tattoos on the face in 316 AD reasoning that “man has been created in the image of God and to so defile the face is to disgrace the Divine.” The Christian theologian Basil of Caesarea aka St. Basil the Great (330—379 AD) wrote: “No man shall let his hair grow long or tattoo himself as do the heathen, those apostles of Satan who make themselves despicable by indulging in lewd and lascivious thoughts. Do not associate with those who mark themselves with thorns and needles so that their blood flows to the earth.” In 787 the Second Council of Nicea banned all tattoos as a “pagan practice.” The propensity of man to tattoo him/her self goes WAAYY back as can be seen with the Ice Man. Tattooing was always in the recent (1860’s —to NOW) United States a “thing” sailors and soldiers did. But in the 1970’s, it became popular with young people. According to statistics c. 55% of 30-somethings are tatted. c. 35% of those aged 18—24 have tattoos. What do people in general think of tattoos in various polls? c. 40% thought tatted ones are more rebellious; c.16% thought they were attractive; 36% thought they were unattractive; c. 26% believe tattoos make a person less attractive; 66% thought it makes no difference.
Woman's Christian Temperance Union (redirected from Women's Christian Temperance Union) Also found in: Dictionary. Related to Women's Christian Temperance Union: Anti Saloon League Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU), organization that seeks to upgrade moral life, especially through abstinence from alcohol. The National WCTU of the United States was founded (1874) in Cleveland, Ohio, as a result of the Woman's Temperance Crusade that spread through the Midwest at that time. Frances WillardWillard, Frances Elizabeth, 1839–98, American temperance leader and reformer, b. Churchville, N.Y., grad. Northwestern Female College, 1859. She was president of Evanston College for Ladies and dean of women at Northwestern Univ. ..... Click the link for more information. , the group's second president (1879–98), was responsible for the organization (1883) of the World WCTU. The organization has worked for public education against the use of alcohol and for legislation to prohibit its sale. It has also supported research and education concerning tobacco, narcotics, and other potentially dangerous drugs. The National WCTU currently has 5,000 members. Its official organ is the weekly Union Signal. Woman’s Christian Temperance Union society of militant housewives against drinking (20th century). [Am. Hist.: Flexner, 357] References in periodicals archive ? THE WAY WE WERE: Women's Christian Temperance Union members raid their local bar in the Forties Another powerful temperance organization that boasted many social work members and worked closely with the field in temperance efforts was the Women's Christian Temperance Union, generally known by its acronym as the WCTU, which became a major force for temperance activity throughout the country prior to the 1920s (Gusfield, 1986). It is the site of several monuments, a water fountain given to the city in 1903 by the Women's Christian Temperance Union, a brick walkway dedicated to servicemen and women of Leominster and the Bisceglia Bandstand. Among the 19th Century books is 'The Temperance Cookery Book' published by the Women's Christian Temperance Union in 1896 to provide recipes that could be prepared without alcohol. Despite opposition from the Catholic Church and the Women's Christian Temperance Union to women's tobacco consumption, by the interwar years female cigarette smokers had become more publicly visible. Children's Bureau (the first federal agency headed by a woman), Margaret Sanger's role in advocating for women's right of access to birth control information, the public relations tactics of the Women's Christian Temperance Union under Frances Willard, the anti- lynching writing campaign of Ida B. Interestingly, Endres chooses to describe the histories of the Young Women's Christian Association (YMCA) and the Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) in the chapter devoted to secular concerns, although these organizations are by name religiously-affiliated. The remaining four chapters are each explicitly organized around analysis of how one anti-vice crusade operated as a racial project--as sponsored by the Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU), or by other reformers in Chicago, New York City, or San Francisco. In their wake came the Women's Christian Temperance Union, the Daughters of England, the Daughters of Scotland, and the Imperial Order of Daughters of the Empire. The religious motives and contributions of women as diverse as Mary Bynon Reese, who worked at a grass roots level among loggers in the Pacific Northwest to spread the work of the Women's Christian Temperance Union; Dorothy Day, the radical Catholic activist who worked directly with the urban poor in Catholic Worker houses of hospitality; Mary Richmond, prominent in the development of social work; and late twentieth century African American activists Faye Waddleton, prominent in women's health advocacy and Marion Wright Edleman of the Children's Defense Fund, are examined. is a superbly researched, in-depth assemblage of information on women's role in everything from the socialist party to the Women's Christian Temperance Union in Indian Territory to the KKK. There were Labor Party and/or union activist women, such as Emma Miller, evangelical humanists from the Women's Christian Temperance Union, and woman identified reformists with strong reservations about the help that could be expected from male-dominated organisations. Full browser ?
panoramic camera Also found in: Dictionary, Acronyms, Wikipedia. Panoramic Camera a wide-angle camera used to obtain photographs with a field of view of from 100° to 360° in the horizontal plane and from 30° to 35° in the vertical plane. panoramic camera panoramic camera A camera that takes photographs from horizon to horizon. This type of camera is extensively used in low-level high-speed photography. Some designs utilize a lens that revolves about an axis perpendicular to the optical axis; in other designs, the camera itself is swung from side to side to obtain a panoramic field of view. The film moves like a conveyor belt at a speed synchronized with the speed of the moving image, so as to ensure congruency between the image and the film. The two main types of panoramic cameras are the direct-scanning rotary lens and the rotary prism. The camera may be mounted vertically or obliquely within the aircraft to scan across or along the line of flight. Mentioned in ? References in periodicals archive ? Until recently, capturing 360[degrees] video was difficult, complex, and often convoluted, and panoramic camera systems combined a morass of different technologies based on work-arounds and compromises. The award, sponsored by Miller Camera Support Equipment, recognises Nichola's development of the 360x60 high dynamic range (HDR) panoramic camera system, which uses existing industrial imaging cameras incorporated into a zero parallax rig that is able to capture the same dynamic range of light and dark as the human eye. Rider-Rider also used a Kodak panoramic camera but was criticised because other specialists believed it was not fast enough. 6IS THE probe's task includes studying the gas planet's composition, gravity, magnetic field and the source of its raging 384 mph winds, while a panoramic camera, nicknamed JunoCam, will also return images of the planet in detail never seen before. Juno's array will study the gas planet's composition, gravity, magnetic field and the source of its raging 384mph winds, while a panoramic camera will also return images of the planet in detail never seen before. Google used the Street View trolley, a push-cart outfitted with equipment to collect indoor imagery: a panoramic camera to collect 360-degree views, lasers to capture distances to walls, motion sensors to track the trolley's position and a laptop to operate the system. (TSX: AVP) said it has received notice of award from The Boeing company for the production and supply of 767-2C panoramic camera fairings, as part of the KC-46 tanker program. Ltd is composed of a panoramic camera and lighting. They launched their first product, the iSTAR, a fully automatic instant 360[degrees] panoramic camera, in the spring of 2012. Donovan, who has lived in the UAE for seven years, used a special panoramic camera controlled by an i-Phone app to click at a height of 830 metres. The exhibition presented approximately 160 photos that extended from Koudelka's early work in late-'50s Prague to "Exile," a series initiated in the '60s and continued after the artist fled Czechoslovakia in 1970 (the phrase "nationality doubtful" was recorded in Koudelka's travel papers during this stateless decade), and, finally, to his ongoing series of images made with a panoramic camera beginning in the late 1980s.
Finite Element Analysis Finite Element Analysis Explained Simply You might have come across the term ‘finite element analysis’ many times when speaking with engineers. You may even vaguely understand what finite element analysis is and how it works to deliver dynamic solutions to your business. However, if you have no idea what those words mean, don’t worry. At Ettol, we’re proud of our commitment to being ahead of the game in the engineering industry. We’re always on the lookout for new technologies that will streamline our processes and deliver our clients the most accurate, detailed results possible. We have plenty of experience in working with complex computer-aided engineering (CAE) software that conducts finite element analysis services. So, we’ll walk you through the basics of dynamic finite element analysis, so next time you’re discussing the topic with one of Ettol’s engineers, you’ll be more in the know. What Is Finite Element Analysis? When engineers conduct a finite element analysis, they are using CAE technology to predict how a product will react to force, vibration, fluid flow, heat, and other physical effects in the real world. It allows us to accurately predict whether or not a product will break, wear out, or work the way we’ve designed it. How Does Finite Element Analysis Work? This is where our explanation becomes a little bit more complicated. Finite element analysis works by taking a problem and breaking it down into smaller, more manageable problems. These micro-problems (also called elements) are then solved and reassembled into the bigger problem which is now, by extension, also solved. We do this by creating a representative model of your product that we can then use to analyse how the product will react when faced with various external conditions. To build a model, we first need to get information about the product. • Basic geometry. Geometry is critical in conducting a finite element analysis, and it refers to the general shapes that make up the product. For example, the leg of a table may be a cylindrical shape. • Definite loads and constraints. Loads are the weight or heat influxes your product will experience, and the constraints limit how your product can move. • Mesh. The term ‘mesh’ refers to the material that fills the geometry of your product. Mesh can be steel, wood, rubber, sandstone, or any other material of which you can think. In our example of a table leg, you may choose wood as your mesh, or you may choose steel. You wouldn’t select rubber, as the table leg would then bend exactly like rubber. • Elements. Within the mesh, there are elements. Elements can be 1D, 2D, or 3D depending on the product you’re analysing. After all this information has been put into the computer, we can go about analysing the outcomes. We’ll be able to see the stressors, the energy content in strain, the deformed shape, and plenty of other useful information that we can then use to assess how your product will function under specific conditions. construction site The Benefits of Finite Element Analyses in Australia Finite element analysis consulting can be an invaluable tool depending on your industry. If you need your products to undergo rigorous testing and simulations, it may be well worth your time to contact Ettol about our finite element analysis services. • Create endless prototypes and simulations. Gone are the days of investing hundreds of thousands of dollars into real-life prototypes built for destruction. With finite element analysis, you can run as many simulations as you’d like, as all your models and simulations are digital. You can make any minor alterations to your design and see how they will react to external forces quickly and efficiently. • Identify design issues early. With finite element analysis, you can get information on any design errors and problems before you invest in production costs. You can address these issues by altering your design digitally and retesting, thereby ensuring your product passes all finite element analysis simulations before manufacturing. • Saves time and money. Ettol’s finite element analysis services will save you countless hours and thousands of dollars on prototypes and physical testing by providing you with accurate, real-time data. For Finite Element Analysis Consulting, Contact Ettol At Ettol, we’re pioneers of the latest engineering technology. We’re firm believers in adopting innovations, which means we’re ahead of the game with CAE software and finite element analysis. We have over 40 years of combined experience, and we’re renowned in Australia for our professionalism, premium services, and our ability to find a perfectly tailored solution for every client’s needs. 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Introduction to Vue Internship at OpenGenus Get FREE domain for 1st year and build your brand new site Vue is a progressive JavaScript front-end framework which was developed for creating user interfaces and it could be effectively used to develop Single Page Applications (SPAs). It is an open-source framework and follows model-view-viewmodel (MVM) pattern architecture where the data is binded two-way to views and components. The popularity of this framweork could be attributed to its easy integration and prototyping, and its small size (~ 20 KB). In this article, we'll understand the working of Vue through developing a basic single page application. About Vue So, Vue was created by Evan You, a developer working at Google at that time and was working on AngularJS (Angular 1.0) applications. He wanted to have more efficient applications with a not-so-complex stack involved like in Angular. So, he picked up the templating syntax of Angular and one of the popular features of React i.e Virtual DOM and many more features in order to develop Vue. Vue is not a project which is backed by Google or Facebook but indeed through sponsorships has a rapidly growing community. Just to give a glimpse of Vue, we'll be seeing how a Vue component works. <div id="vuejs"> <h1>{{ heading }}</h1> <p>{{ text }}</p> <script src=""></script> new Vue({ el: "#vuejs", data: { text: "Hello! This is Vue. Use me to make amazing applications..." , heading: "My first Vue App" } Add this code to an empty file on your system and save it as an HTML file. When you'll open this file in a browser, you'll see a heading and a text message below it. Kudos! This was your first Vue application. So, to explain what is happening in the code, a new Vue app is being instantiated, linked to the #vuejs element as its template. The template further is associated to the data object which contains the data the user wants Vue app to render. A special {{}} tag is used in the template for dynamic content which could be found in the Vue app data. Now, Vue could be either used to create some kind of standalone widgets or create a whole web application. But whenever you're going to build a big project or an application, the best way to setup your Vue application is to use Vue CLI. This command line utility helps you to choose from set of build tools according the requirements and set ups and configures the intial point of your Vue application. This indeed helps a developer to save a lot of time and effort if he starts from the scratch. We'll understand how Vue CLI could be used to create a simple check-list for our day to day lives. To install it using npm, open the command prompt and type: > npm install -g @vue/cli Once it is succesfully installed, you can probably check if it is installed by typing the command vue --version which will give the version of vue CLI installed. In order to create or start an application using Vue CLI, type the given command in the directory you want to keep this project: > vue create daily-list (Let's name this project 'daily-list') You'll see these kinds of set up options present for setting up the application. Vue CLI v4.5.12 ? Please pick a preset: Default ([Vue 2] babel, eslint) > Default (Vue 3 Preview) ([Vue 3] babel, eslint) Manually select features For now choose the default settings (Vue 3 Preview). Some plugins of Vue 3 are still under development but still, Vue 3 in itself could be used for development. One of the most exciting additions over here in Vue 3 is of the Composition API. If you're completely new to Vue, you can skip this for now. After the setup is completed, you'll see a folder named 'daily-list' in your directory. To move inside the folder and run the application, run the following commands: > cd dailylist > npm run serve After clicking on the link directing to the local server, You'll probably see a page like this shown below: After successfully getting the default page loaded, now we'll move on to create our daily check-list for ourselves. Now, to do so, open your working directory in an editor of your choice. I prefer using Visual Studio Code as it provides extensions such as Vetur for managing Vue applications and Live Server for a dynamic development server (even though it is optional and you can run the server through command prompt as well). After opening the directory, you would a similar kind of folder structure: Discussing about the folder structure: • public. As the name says, it contains all the public files. All the static files are stored here and they do not go through the webpack. • src. It contains all the source files of the project. • src/assets. It contains the project’s assets such as images. • src/components. All the Vue components are stored over here. • src/App.vue. It is the main Vue component. • src/main.js. It is the main project file which bootstraps the Vue application. • babel.config.js. This is the babel configuration file. • package.json. It contains a list of the project’s dependencies, as well as the configuration options for ESLint, supported browsers. • node_modules. It has all npm packages. Now, let us move to src/App.vue, we'll be making changes to this file for this tutorial. Inside the template tags, we'll define our HTML for our application to render. We'll give a suitable heading to display for the daily list and furthermore we need to take an input from the user regarding what all activities it wants to add. Remove the script and style blocks from the file for now and add the following code for creating a user input form. <label> Enter today's task </label> <input name = "addtolist"> <button> Add to list </button> Now, save the file and run the command npm run serve on the terminal if the local host is not running to see the changes. Moving forward, we want to store the task user has entered on submitting the form. So, we'll add a submit event listener to our form element. To do so, we can use either v-on: "newInput" directive and newInput as our function name which we'll be defining later or use a shorthand @submit: "newInput". Now, one of the new additions of Vue 3 is the Composition API*. For those who are new to Vue can skip this for the moment and for those who were aware of Vue 2, just to increase code reusability, by replacing component options with the setup() method, the API allows developers to organize their components by logic and functionality, instead of organizing it through component options. So, define a script tag below the template tag, and define a setup() method. With this article at OpenGenus, you must have a good introductory idea of Vue.
Nublar Tufted Deer (S/F) Pictured: A related species in the same genus: Elaphodus cephalophus michianus Pictured: A related subspecies of tufted deer, Elaphodus cephalophus ichagensis, found in central China. This individual is a male, identified by its fang-like canines. The Nublar tufted deer (Elaphodus cephalophus nublarus) is a subspecies of the tufted deer (Elaphodus cephalophus) native to Isla Nublar. The Nublar tufted deer is described as the most common of the island’s endemic life forms. Its Tun-Si name is currently unknown, though the Bribri word for “deer” is mulubí. Aside from Elaphodus cephalophus nublarus, there are three or four other tufted deer subspecies, chiefly found in China. One of these subspecies is debated among scientists, with little evidence to suggest that it actually exists. A small population is known from Myanmar, with most of the rest living in China. The Nublar tufted deer is the only subspecies found outside of Asia. • Elaphodus cephalophus cephalophus, the largest, with a brown coat; found in southwest China and northeast Myanmar • Elaphodus cephalophus michianus, with a narrower snout; found in southeast China • Elaphodus cephalophus ichagensis, with a broader snout and grayish-brown coat; found in central China • Elaphodus cephalophus forciensus, a disputed subspecies with unclear distribution Overall, the tufted deer is considered Near Threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. The specific status of the Nublar tufted deer subspecies is unknown, but probably extinct. The Nublar tufted deer grows to two feet (60 centimeters) tall. Assuming it closely resembles other tufted deer subspecies, it would have a somewhat long neck and long legs, making it appear taller, and be gray to brown in color. The coat of the tufted deer is made of stiff, short hairs; its coat is darker in the winter and a richer brown in the summer. Its lips are white, as are the tips of its ears and underside of its tail. The tail is about 3.9 inches (10 centimeters) long. Tufted deer are named for the horseshoe-shaped hair tuft found on the forehead. This tuft can grow up to 6.7 inches (17 centimeters) long. While very small, it is larger than its relative the muntjac. The Nublar tufted deer is mid-sized for its species, with the other subspecies ranging between 20 and 28 inches (50 and 70 centimeters) in height and weighing between 37 to 66 pounds (17 to 30 kilograms). Nothing is currently known about the growth stages of the Nublar tufted deer. Sexual Dimorphism In other tufted deer subspecies, the primary difference between males and females is in the anatomy of the head. Males have a pair of fang-like canine teeth, which females lack. These fangs may be an inch in length. Males also have short antlers, though these may not be visible due to the tuft of hair on the head. Preferred Habitat Unlike other subspecies of tufted deer, E. c. nublarus do not inhabit mountain habitats. Instead, they are mostly found in jungles, though Isla Nublar does have some smaller mountains as well. Avoiding open spaces, the Nublar tufted deer is typically found in shady areas. In Asia, tufted deer can tolerate some habitat disturbance and adapt to regions where humans live. The presence of dense undergrowth, abundant water, and salt licks are all beneficial to tufted deer. Isla Nublar The Nublar tufted deer is the most common endemic species on Isla Nublar, and is found nowhere else in the world. Its closest relatives, other subspecies of Elaphodus cephalophus, are found mainly in China, with possible populations in Myanmar and Afghanistan; there are currently no hypotheses with solid evidence to explain how a subspecies occurred on Isla Nublar, Costa Rica. While the construction of Jurassic Park likely impacted its populations between 1988 and 1993, a significant amount of forest habitat remained unaltered on the island. The tufted deer is known to have survived with a stable breeding population despite the alterations to its ecosystem. Hypothetical distribution of E. c. nublarus circa 1993 The Nublar tufted deer remained very common on Isla Nublar until the 2015 incident which closed Jurassic World. After this, most of the park’s de-extinct animals were simply let loose into the wild as the island was abandoned. The deer would then have been heavily preyed upon, their populations possibly decimated between late 2015 and mid-2018. It is unknown if any survived the June 23, 2018 volcanic eruption of Mount Sibo. If any did survive, they would have faced a dramatic loss of food and habitat. It is possible that this subspecies has become completely extinct. Isla Sorna The Nublar tufted deer is not found on Isla Sorna. It is unknown if any Nublar tufted deer are housed in zoos anywhere in the world. If they are not, then this subspecies has probably become extinct as of mid-2018. Behavior and Ecology Activity Patterns The Nublar tufted deer is generally described as nocturnal. However, it is sometimes active during the daytime, meaning that it is likely actually crepuscular (active at dawn and dusk). Such a behavior pattern is known from the Asian tufted deer subspecies. Diet and Feeding Behavior Tufted deer are herbivorous. As they are found in both evergreen and deciduous forests, it can be inferred that they feed on plants found in these types of environments, but no specific information about their diet on Isla Nublar is known. Social Behavior In Asian subspecies, the male tufted deer vigorously patrols his territory along fixed trails and will defend it against rivals. They are mainly solitary animals, but can be found in pairs. In Asia, the tufted deer mating season takes place between September and December. Males make loud barking calls to attract mates. Gestation lasts six months, with one or two young being born in the early summer months. Sexual maturity is reached at one or two years old. Because Isla Nublar is located in a vastly different part of the world, it is possible that the reproductive cycle of its endemic subspecies may have been distinct from those of the Asian subspecies. Other subspecies of tufted deer are almost always quiet; however, they can bark. When startled, one will bark loudly as a form of warning as it flees, and males will bark during the mating season to attract the attention of females. Ecological Interactions These small herbivores were low on the food chain on Isla Nublar. With native predators displaced by InGen‘s establishment, their primary predators were probably carnivorous dinosaurs. In the other Asian subspecies, males defend their territory against rivals but are timid in the face of danger. Tufted deer will hide in areas where they are well-camouflaged to avoid threats, and when attacked will let out a loud bark while bounding away with a catlike gait. Prior to the introduction of dinosaurs in 1988, the largest known carnivore native to Isla Nublar was the common boa. It would likely have been the main predator of Nublar tufted deer. They were likely affected by native parasites and other pests, such as ticks and mosquitoes. Cultural Significance The Nublar tufted deer, as the island’s most common endemic organism, was long considered emblematic of Isla Nublar’s unique environment and ecosystem. Sadly, it was largely forgotten during the Mount Sibo controversy as de-extinct life took center stage and has probably become extinct. In Captivity At the moment it is not believed that any Nublar tufted deer are, or were, kept in captivity. While tufted deer can be housed in zoos if their natural environments are replicated properly, it is likely that the Nublar subspecies would have quite different housing needs than its upland Asian kin, and its specific details are not known. Its probable extinction means that such knowledge is now unfortunately lost to us. The Nublar tufted deer is a bizarre case in that all of its other relatives within the tufted deer species are native to Asia, many thousands of miles from Isla Nublar, and do not inhabit coastal regions where they could feasibly end up on Pacific islands via rafting. Instead they live in mountainous areas. In order to evolve into a local subspecies, the tufted deer must have inhabited Isla Nublar for many generations. Even stranger, they are the most common endemic creature on the island, even more common than smaller native organisms such as birds, reptiles, and invertebrates, many of which seem to be species not exclusive to Isla Nublar. This provides valuable insight into the evolutionary history of Isla Nublar’s ecosystem, revealing it to be a strange one with much unknown history. Just how the tufted deer established on an offshore island near Costa Rica is a mystery, and with its probable extinction, this scientific oddity is likely to remain that way. Tufted deer are, on the whole, listed as Near Threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, with overhunting and habitat loss being their main threats. They are provincially protected in some parts of China, but are not nationally protected. Further research is ongoing to develop a more effective conservation plan. In 2005, Masrani Global Corporation signed an agreement with the Costa Rican Environmental Protection Society to ensure that endemic life forms of Isla Nublar such as the Nublar tufted deer were protected from anthropogenic threats. However, protection for this mammal ended in late 2015 when Jurassic World was closed; no known efforts were made to ensure the deer’s survival in the face of hundreds of new predators being released into its environment. Three years later, the eruption of Mount Sibo prompted an effort to save the de-extinct creatures of the island, but the Nublar tufted deer did not receive similar attention. Overshadowed by its dinosaurian contemporaries, this unique animal may now be extinct. This failure of environmental policy is due in part to de-extinction politics. While the Dinosaur Protection Group advocated for the rescue of Isla Nublar’s de-extinct animals, opposition to genetic engineering on an international scale led to the Costa Rican and U.S. federal governments as well as Masrani Global Corporation opting to leave Isla Nublar to its fate. While the DPG received the most publicity regarding the crisis on Isla Nublar, other famous wildlife activists also failed to consider the island’s indigenous life during the controversy. Notably, no Tun-Si activists appear to have been interviewed by any of the major parties involved with the Mount Sibo controversy, despite the Tun-Si being Isla Nublar’s native people. Any efforts on their part to save this iconic Isla Nublar animal are therefore unfortunately undocumented. This small animal is not usually hunted because it provides so little meat, but its fur is valued as a high-quality textile. The Nublar tufted deer could, at one point, have encouraged ecotourism to the island; however, it never got the chance since far more exciting de-extinct species were introduced into its habitat. Other tufted deer subspecies sometimes come onto cultivated land, and can be a minor nuisance, but it is not known whether the Nublar tufted deer had any noticeable impact on Tun-Si land use. It probably had little effect on InGen’s later use of the island since it was not used for agriculture at that point. Tufted deer are timid and often flee from human contact, but can become tolerant of human activity over time. They are not known to be aggressive. You can probably get these animals to back down from you fairly easily since you are much larger than they are. The males have noticeable fangs, and also have small antlers, but these are mostly for show and possibly intraspecific combat; they are not offensive weapons against other animals. The tufted deer is mostly defenseless and relies on its small size and agility to evade predators. Nublar tufted deer are especially harmless because they are almost certainly extinct.
Thursday, July 22, 2021 (Day 52) Katie Snipes Lancaster Psalm 52 (from Robert Altar’s 2007 translation) Why boast of evil, O hero?—God’s kindness is all day long… Look, the man who does not make God his stronghold and who trusts his great wealth, who would be strong in his disaster! But I am like a verdant olive tree in the house of our God. I trust in God’s kindness forevermore. I shall acclaim You forever, for You have acted. An Opening Word Here, the Psalmist challenges a wrong-doer, someone who has hurt them in some way. Some translations take the phrase “O hero” and translate it “O Mighty One” in the same way we might sarcastically call someone a “hot shot.” You get the sense that the “hero” is braggadocious, and acting purposefully mean, cruel, and unethical—and then swaggering through town, announcing it. The Psalmist is calling out this unethical person and suggesting that the ethical path (on which the Psalmist treads) is the Godly path. Commentator Yolanda Marve Norton says that the Psalmist’s words remind her of someone who has lived an oppressed, enslaved, or disenfranchised life, someone who has escaped the misery of emotional and physical subjugation, and finally has a chance to speak out against their captor. I love the phrase “I am like a verdant olive tree in the house of our God.” Biblical scholars remind us that olive trees were economically valuable for food, medicine, lamps, perfumes, religious rituals, furniture construction. In other words, the olive tree’s impact is everywhere (for some reason, it makes me think of find a room in our house or business that hasn’t been impacted by that company’s market saturation). The image of an olive tree exudes life, fertility, vitality, and power. In God’s house, the Psalmist gains all of that, without resorting to evil, unethical ways. Today’s mystic is Italian-born Angela of Foligno who was married in her early twenties in the year 1220. Together they had several sons, but by 1228, Angela’s husband, sons, and mother all died. She had been graced with wealth, beauty, intelligence, and a family, but when perpetual loss came to her doorstep, she made a profound about-face, and sold all her land, gave up all her possessions, and made a vow of poverty, modeling her life after St. Francis of Assisi. She joined the Order of St. Francis, and after much spiritual seeking, visited his home town of Assisi, and left filled with inner peace and a deep intimacy with God. The prayer below is reportedly the prayer she repeated aloud when she arrived in the village of Assisi. It is full of longing, a spirit of seeking-amid-suffering, and a deep mystic sensibility. Prayer from the Mystics: Angela of Foligno (date of birth unknown–1309) Love still unknown, Why? Why? Why?
8 rules of money that everybody should know 4 min Read Published: 29 May 2013 The simple money rules that can boost your finances Many of us struggle with anything to do with numbers, memories of frustrating school maths lessons can bring on an instant migraine. Knowledge of some simple rules and maths techniques can help you manage your finances and may even save or make you some money. Rule of 72 This is a quick way of finding out how long it will take for your investment to double in value. Simply divide the number 72 by the projected growth rate of your investment and the result is the number of years it will take for your original investment to double in value . For example a growth rate of 4% per annum will take 18 years to double in value (72 divided by 4). Rule of 70 This little trick will help if you want to know how long it will take for inflation to halve the value of your money. Simply divide 70 by the expected rate of inflation the result will be the number of years it will take for the value of your money to halve. For example an inflation rate of 3% will halve the value of your money in 23.3 years (70 divided by 3) Rule of 10 A study by Lincoln Financial Group carried out in 2010 suggests that simply multiplying your annual income by 10 will give you a good estimate of the retirement fund you will need to maintain your current lifestyle on retiring at 65. Rule of 100 When deciding what approximate percentage of your investment portfolio you should have invested in the stock market then subtract your age from 100. This would mean that a 60 year old should only have 40% invested in the stock market. Rule of 6 The numbers of months worth of living expenses that you should hold as an emergency fund. This sum should be invested in an easy access account to protect against life's unexpected expenses and financial setbacks. 80/20 Principle Also known as Pareto's Principle, this is a rule of thumb that states that 80% of outcomes can be attributed to 20% of your effort. Among other things this principle be applied to your investment results where 80% of your returns will normally come from 20% of your investment portfolio. Law of large numbers In investment terms this means that the more a company grows the ability to sustain that growth diminishes. When a company is in its infancy it may often produce outstanding levels of annual growth, in percentage terms. However, continuing this high percentage growth becomes increasingly harder as time goes by and the company gets bigger and bigger. This in part explains the potential for impressive returns from investing in smaller companies. Fibonacci numbers Any number in the Fibonacci sequence has the property of being the sum of the previous two numbers in the sequence. As such the sequence starts 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13 and so on. What's so magical about the sequence is that it can be found repeatedly throughout nature from the branching of trees to the formation of snowflakes. But the magical sequence can even be shown to be present in investor behaviour and stock market movements. The size of market rallies and falls often move in a Fibonacci based pattern. Unsurprisingly many professional investors use Fibonacci sequences to inform their investment decisions.
Taaltheorie ter verdediging van het Latijn Joannes Lucas S.J., De monumentis publicis Latine inscribendis oratio (1677) During the 1670s, plans for a new triumphal arch in honour of Louis XIV triggered the so-called Querelle des inscriptions. Paris intellectuals debated the question whether the inscriptions for the monument were to be composed in Latin or in French. The Jesuit Joannes Lucas, who was a teacher at the elitary Collège de Clermont, championed the cause of Latin inscriptions with a speech entitled De monumentis publicis Latine inscribendis oratio. He argued that only Latin inscriptions could perpetuate Louis XIV’s fame, since Latin is a dead language and therefore no longer liable to the quirks of usus. Whereas the latter is responsible for change in “living” languages, the death of the Latin language confers on it the stability and universality monumental inscriptions need to perpetuate Louis XIV’s fame.
Question: Can Splenda Cause You To Gain Weight? Do artificial sweeteners make you bloated? Sweeteners can also cause gas and bloating. Sorbitol, an artificial sweetener, can’t be digested. Fructose, a natural sugar added to many processed foods, is difficult for many people to digest. To avoid bloating, be aware of these sweeteners in the foods you eat and limit the amount you consume.. What can you replace sugar with? Do artificial sweeteners make you gain weight? Consuming artificial sweeteners does not appear to cause weight gain — at least not in the short term. In fact, replacing sugar with artificial sweeteners may be helpful in reducing body weight — though only slightly at best. Why artificial sweeteners cause weight gain? WEDNESDAY, July 10 (HealthDay News) — Artificial sweeteners appear to disturb the body’s ability to count calories and, as a result, diet foods and drinks may wind up encouraging weight gain rather than weight loss, an expert contends. Which is better stevia or Splenda? Splenda is much sweeter than stevia Stevia is approximately 200 times sweetener than sugar and gets its sweetness from natural compounds in the stevia plant called steviol glycosides ( 9 , 10 ). Meanwhile, Splenda is 450–650 times sweeter than sugar. Can artificial sweeteners cause swelling? Additives & Artificial Sweeteners Your body cannot process artificial ingredients well, so substances such as aspartame and mono-sodium glutamate may trigger an immune response. Aspartame is a neurotoxin that the body frequently “attacks” therefore causing inflammation. Why was Stevia banned? Is Splenda worse for you than sugar? It’s considered safe in small amounts, except for people with phenylketonuria, a genetic disease. Sucralose, also known as Splenda, passes through the body easily and does not build up in body fat. It’s also 600 times sweeter than sugar, so a little goes a long way. What are the side effects of Splenda? Splenda isn’t bad for you, but it can cause some negative health effects like an increase in sugar cravings which may lead to weight gain. Some preliminary studies in animals have shown that Splenda may affect gut health and cause GI issues. An excess of Splenda may also cause you to have higher blood sugar. Does Splenda make you bloated? While the FDA has approved a variety of artificial sweeteners for safe consumption, Farhadi says that artificial sweeteners can cause bloating and gas because they are not easily digested. Some of the most popular artificial sweeteners are Sucralose (Splenda), Aspartame (Equal), and Saccharin (Sweet’N Low). What is a safe amount of Splenda per day? Acceptable Daily Intake: 5 milligrams for each kilogram of body weight. For a 150-pound person, 340 milligrams a day would be safe. A packet of Splenda contains 12 milligrams of sucralose. Can Splenda cause body aches? Sucralose can cause one to suffer from sluggishness, fatigue, make legs feel like lead weights, mood swings, severe cramps (female), intense pain, painful bowel movements, bloating, dizziness, confusion, and more. Seven out of ten American women consume sucralose daily. Which is worse sugar or artificial sweeteners? Artificial sweeteners are typically 200 to 600 times sweeter than sugar. … Both sugar and artificial sweetener are addictive. But artificial sweeteners may be likelier to make you get hungry, eat more throughout the day and develop diabetes. Sugar is OK in limited amounts and in the context of a healthy diet. What is the safest sugar free substitute? The best and safest sugar substitutes are erythritol, xylitol, stevia leaf extracts, and neotame—with some caveats: Erythritol: Large amounts (more than about 40 or 50 grams or 10 or 12 teaspoons) of this sugar alcohol sometimes cause nausea, but smaller amounts are fine. Does Splenda cause water retention? The reason this small switch will bring noticeable results is that bars, shakes and other processed foods commonly contain artificial sweeteners like sucralose (Splenda), glycerin and sugar alcohols, as well as additives, coloring and preservatives, all of which may cause water retention, digestive upset, gastric … What is the healthiest sugar substitute? What is the safest artificial sweetener to use? What is the best sweetener for weight loss?
Best Answer An official Baseball is manufactured through a process of wrapping yarn around a cork or rubber center and then tightly stitching a bird stuff or horsehide covered over the yarn of stick. A baseball is a sphere that is approximately 9 inches (23 cm) in circumference and weighs 5 1/4 ounces (149 g). This manufacturing process, perfected over the years, is designed to give a consistent shape that when pressed against hard surfaces (bat, glove, ground, fence) will not dramatically change it's shape. Baseballs take an enormous amount of forces from flying from the pitcher at close to 100mph then being hit by a wooden bat that is traveling on average 68 to 75mph in the Major Leagues. That's an impact of around 170mph! The stitching on a baseball is done in a precise and consistent manner in order to allow for a consistent movement of a pitched ball. The spin (or lack there of) on a baseball is what makes the ball 'fly' like it does. As the ball cuts through the air, the stitches on the ball create aerodynamic forces of varying amounts on different sides of the ball. This allows for specialized pitches such as the curve, slider, knuckle. etc. Hope this answers your question! User Avatar Wiki User 2008-12-18 16:04:11 This answer is: User Avatar Study guides See all Study Guides Create a Study Guide Add your answer: Earn +20 pts Q: What is a baseball made of and why? Write your answer... Related questions When was baseball made one word? When they made baseball. >.> What is a baseball helmet made of? Baseball helmets are made of hard plastic. What are baseball cleats made of? Baseball cleats are made of either metal, rubber or plastic. The most common baseball cleats are made with metal spikes. What is the baseball ball made of? What was the first baseball bat made out of? the first baseball bat was made out of wood Who made the first baseball and when? Joseph H. Shockley made the first baseball in 1860. What is Major League Baseball made from? a mlb baseball is made from cork and a leather coating The first baseball ever made? The first baseball ever made was made in the year of 1857. It was introduced at the first baseball convention which was held in New York City. What was made first football or baseball games? Baseball made games first, around 1850. What is a baseball made out of? A baseball is made from yarn surrounding a rubber or cork center. It is then covered with cowhide. Are wood baseball bats made of pine? No Baseball bats are made of white ash wood. Where was the first baseball bat made and who made it? It was made in Fiji What are baseball bases made from? they are made of rubber How much baseball gloves can be made by a cow? 5 baseball gloves can be made by a single cows hide Who made the most runs in baseball in the Olympics? Japan made the most runs in baseball in the Olympic game. What is a sport Cubans made? cuba made baseball How did baseball come to America? Baseball was originally made in America. Where are Major League Baseball baseball bats made? What year was the first wooden baseball bat made? The first wooden baseball bat was made in the 1850's Why was the first baseball bat made? The first baseball bat was made because, kids just played witha stick and rock but now they can play baseball. What is a bamboo baseball bat made of? I'm not a baseball expert, but based on the name, I'm pretty sure a bamboo baseball bat is made of bamboo. =S What is the best material for baseball bats to be made of? To find out what the best material for baseball bats to be made of go to, or Which metal is used for making baseball bats? Baseball bats generally made from wood or metal. Metal baseball bats are usually made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. What kind of leather is a baseball made out of? Where was Baseball made?
St. David's HealthCare - January 29, 2021 Heart disease is the number one killer of women in the United States—killing one woman every 76 seconds—yet only one out of five American women actually believe it’s a threat. Heart disease is a catch-all term that includes a variety of conditions and events such as heart attacks, strokes and heart failure. Warning signs of heart disease are not always the same for women and men, so understanding the symptoms and risk factors is important. Women can actually respond to heart events differently than men. And while both men and women usually experience chest pain and pressure during a heart attack, women can have a heart attack even without that common symptom. Women are in fact more likely than men to have nausea, vomiting and shortness of breath during a heart attack. Smoking and a strong family history put you at risk for heart disease, but what about your eating habits and stress levels? Here are seven things that can increase your heart disease risk—and easy ways to keep your ticker strong. Stress or trauma Arteries start to spasm and blood pressure increases when your body releases adrenaline due to stress. Broken heart syndrome from an event like a death in the family can also cause the heart to “go into shock,” leading to a temporary type of heart failure. In fact, researchers from the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine collected data from 272 postmenopausal and perimenopausal women to learn more about how traumatic events can impact heart health. The study findings, presented at the North American Menopause Society’s annual conference in 2017, showed that women who were involved in at least three traumatic events during their lifetime—such as sexual harassment, a car accident or the death of a child—had poorer endothelial function than those women who had not experienced trauma. The endothelium is the inner lining of the heart and blood vessels, and poor functioning may increase the risk of heart disease. Try to relax your mind at least a few minutes a day through activities like reading, meditation, or yoga. Exercise can also help you manage stress—a quick walk outside is a better move than stress eating, for example—and can even put you in a good mood. If it’s trauma you’re working through, see your healthcare provider to learn about available resources and treatment options. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), common responses to trauma include fear, grief and depression. If symptoms worsen or last more than a month, you may have post-traumatic stress disorder. Meat-based diets A diet rich in saturated fat and sodium increases anyone’s risk of heart disease, but one study found that a high-protein diet—especially if the protein came from meat—is associated with a higher risk of heart failure among older women. If you do eat meat, reach for lean meats like turkey and chicken rather than overly fatty, processed meats like sausage and bacon. Plant-based proteins like tofu, beans and nuts are good options, too. Yo-yo dieting post-menopause Repeatedly losing and gaining weight, known as yo-yo dieting or weight cycling, can hurt your heart down the road. One observational study presented at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions in 2016 looked at self-reported weight history for 158,063 post-menopausal women and grouped them into several categories: stable weight, steady gain, maintained weight loss or weight cycling. The findings were eye opening. Those of normal weight who lost and regained weight during the study period had a 3.5 times higher risk of cardiac death than women whose weight remained the same. The study also found that those women considered overweight or obese who reported weight cycling had no increase in cardiac death. For women who reported gaining weight but not losing it, or losing weight without gaining it back, there was also no increase in death risk. Birth control pills Research shows that there may be a link between birth control pills and high blood pressure in some women. And the link may be stronger for women who are overweight, have kidney disease, have a family history of high blood pressure or high blood pressure during a pregnancy. Blood clots can lead to heart attack and stroke, and women who smoke and take oral contraception are especially at risk. The good news is that many of the newer birth control options pose less risk. Speak with your gynecologist and/or cardiologist about the best birth control for you, particularly if you have congenital heart disease. Two out of every three women in the United States are overweight or obese. If you’re carrying around extra fat—a body mass index (BMI) over 30 is considered obese—you may be increasing your risk of high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes and even osteoarthritis and breathing problems. Maintaining a healthy weight allows blood to circulate through the body more efficiently and lowers your risk of the health conditions above. Make sure you measure your BMI at least once a year, and if you are obese, talk to your healthcare provider about weight loss programs that can help you focus on taking in fewer calories and developing exercise habits. Skipping your workouts Skimping on regular exercise is a no-no when it comes to keeping your ticker strong. Regular exercise not only reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes and certain cancers but aerobic exercise (think walking, jogging, biking and swimming) strengthens your muscles and bones and can also help strengthen the heart and lungs. And that’s not all. The American Heart Association says getting just 30 minutes of exercise a day, whether aerobic or resistance training, can: • Improve blood circulation and cholesterol levels • Help you manage your weight • Help with smoking cessation • Help you manage high blood pressure and lower your risk of stroke • Boost energy levels and improve sleep • Help manage stress • Reduce the risk of coronary heart disease by 30 to 40 percent in women • Lower the risk of age-related illnesses and diseases Talk to your doctor before you begin a new exercise routine. Once you get the green light, try a combination of both aerobic and resistance training. You can work in other heart-healthy moves like dancing, water aerobics, rowing, stair-climbing and even housework. Neglecting regular screenings People who have a family history of heart disease should be especially cautious. If you do have a heart condition like high blood pressure or high cholesterol, the earlier you can get it under control, the less likely you are to have a serious heart event. The American Heart Association recommends getting blood pressure screenings at least every two years if your levels are below 120/80 mm Hg. If your numbers are higher, you may need more frequent screenings. Every four to six years, you should also receive a fasting lipoprotein profile, a measurement of your cholesterol and triglyceride levels. And starting at age 45, be sure to have your blood glucose checked every three years, or more frequently if you’re at elevated risk.
10 Ways to Save Money and the Planet Save money and save the planet “Should I save money or the Planet?” Why not both?! It’s very easy to assume that saving the Earth is expensive because that is true in most cases. And while it’s true that organic vegetables are more expensive than conventionally grown produce and that clean, renewable energy is more expensive than fossil fuel, many ways saving the Earth can also, in turn, save money. Many environmental goals or objectives involve reducing the rate of consumption which goes hand-in-hand with reducing your expenses and saving some of your money. Below are some of the easiest ways that you can use to save money and also save the planet. Choose reusable water bottles More than 60 million water bottles are discarded every day. While some get recycled, others end up in landfills or as litter in waterways. If you look at it from a new angle, you will see that it is a waste of money since a large percentage of bottled water sold in the U.S. is just tap water. If you want to do your part in reducing the number of bottles thrown away, buy a reusable water bottle rather than getting a new one every time. A 20-ounce bottle of water costs $1.50, but water from a drinking fountain is clean and free so just fill it up, and no one will know the difference. Grow your food Growing your own is a simple way to drastically reduce the shipping and energy needed to transport fresh fruit or produce. Even though you start small, you can make an impact on the Earth and your wallet. If your family eats a lot of specific produce- for example, lettuce or pickles- you can start growing your own. You can even choose a small container garden for that reason only. Either way, a garden can benefit you handsomely once the start-up cost has been absorbed and you start producing your produce. Without the excess cost of shipping, this garden will help you to save your money. Use public transportation If you have the option to use public transportation, you can save a bit of money since you don’t have to cover the cost of gas, parking, maintenance, etc. You will save far more if you use rideshare services like Zipcar, Lyft, and Uber. This service makes it easier to live in major cities car-free, and with some of these services, you can even rent or hire a car for the occasional night out or a day trip to the country. This can also help you even if you have a car by reducing wear and tear of your tires, and if you have the opportunity to carpool to and fro work, this can also reduce expenses like gas and maintenance. Drive less, walk more Driving less and walking more to places helps you financially by reducing the cost of gas and maintenance, physically allowing you to exercise, and environmentally by reducing the number of poisonous car fumes released into the atmosphere, thereby destroying the ozone layer. If you don’t want to walk, you can also carpool if you can endure the little hassle associated with carpooling. Live in a place with excellent walkability or public transportation. You can save a lot of money- on gas bills, maintenance fees, insurance payments, parking bills, etc.- by ditching the car entirely. Borrow (and share) stuff Another alternative when you need something is to borrow it. This is like borrowing books from the library or a cup of sugar from your neighbors; this is about the big stuff too. For example, when you need a ladder or power tool, ask your neighbors. When you need stuff like chairs for get-togethers or parties, ask your friends, or you can take part in a sharing economy from companies like SPOT, Airbnb, etc. So before you buy something, check if you can borrow it and share it with others to increase the chances of them borrowing your stuff. Use cloth napkins Millions of paper towels are wasted each day, and this is unfortunate for us since they are not cheap, just convenient. Another cheap option exists for cleaning windows, countertop, etc. – cloth towels and napkins- you just have to wash them between every use. Sure using cloth towels only leads to more laundry, thus water waste; the solution is simple: keep a bag to store the cloth towels and join them anytime you are doing the general laundry. Cloth towels and napkins don’t take much space, so that they won’t affect the size of your general laundry. Going to work by bike It’s one thing walking to the grocery store during the weekend, and it is another different thing to walk to work every day. That’s why a growing population of people has decided to bike to their office instead of walking or driving; it takes fewer minutes than walking and is immeasurable cheaper than driving a car and paying for gas, parking, tolls, and all that stuff. In the U.S, the number of bicycle trips has multiplied twice, from 1.8 billion in 2001 to 4 billion in 2009. A bonus: Biking to work every day might make that expensive gym membership unnecessary. Cut down on water usage We have all heard the popular advice ” turn off the tap,” and the reason isn’t always given or told. The shocking truth about household water usage is this: According to a report from Scientific America, it has been found out that Americans have the largest per capita water consumption in the world, measuring at 2,842 cubic meters per year. Not only does the water we use cost money, but we also lose money when we waste or fail to conserve this natural resource, for example, the California four-year drought, which cost the state more than $2 billion. Unplug your electronics Recent research shows that Americans could be spending as much as $7 billion per year on phantom energy, i.e., energy wasted on unused gadgets that remain plugged in at all times. Several studies show that Americans waste about 50℅ of the energy piped into their homes if you want to save both the Earth and your money your unused electronics. Buy used products to save money! Take a look at used items before buying new ones. Not only will you save money, but you will save the energy that might be used to create and ship another brand new product and the fuel that might be spent transferring the goods from store to store. So when next you need a product, check out garage sales and websites like Freecycle and Craiglist for used products. Saving the planet has a lot of benefits for your mental and physical health. In addition, the feeling of doing something as important as saving the planet is a great one. Fortunately, you don’t need to spend more when trying to save the planet. By taking note of the points discussed in this article, you will not only save the planet but save a lot of money while doing it. You might also like: 13 Amazing Ways to Save Money on Education, Banking, and Investing! (Visited 27 times, 1 visits today) Leave a Comment
Cryptocurrency is attracting attention from investors and financial regulators alike Representation of a bitcoin against financial charts Within the space of a single hour on Monday bitcoin’s value fell by about $3,000, then rose again by about $2,000. Photograph: Getty Images What is bitcoin? Bitcoin is a type of digital currency that emerged after the 2008 financial crisis. It allows people to bypass banks and traditional payment methods. It has become the most prominent among thousands of so-called cryptocurrencies. It relies on “blockchain” technology, which is a shared database of transactions, with entries that must be confirmed and encrypted. The network is secured by individuals called “miners” who use high-powered computers to verify transactions, with bitcoins offered as a reward. There are more than 18m in existence, and the mathematical system controlling the generation of new bitcoins – which is decentralised and therefore has no overarching institution such as a central bank – has a hardwired maximum of 21m coins. How do you buy and sell it? There are several currency exchanges where consumers can swap traditional “fiat” money – backed by governments – for cryptocurrencies, which must be stored using a digital wallet. Some of the biggest exchanges include Bitstamp, Coinbase and Gemini. However, finance firms have also created new investment products based on bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, such as contracts for difference, which are used to track the value of an asset without needing to directly own it. What can you buy with it? There are problems when it comes to using bitcoin as a currency, with many people simply owning it as a speculative investment instead, given its tendency for extreme swings in value. Within the space of a single hour on Monday alone, its value fell by about $3,000 (£2,230), then rose again by about $2,000. This makes it almost impossible to put a reliable price on goods and services. Instead, there are ways to pay using applications such as BitPay, which converts bitcoin funds in a digital wallet to pay for goods in traditional currencies used by retailers. Transactions are growing, more so online than in physical shops, with firms including Microsoft, Lush and Expedia accepting payments. The first-ever bitcoin transaction was made in 2010, when a Florida man paid a British man 10,000 bitcoins to order him two Papa John’s pizzas. Today that would be worth more than $300m. Why is the FCA warning on cryptocurrencies The City regulator is concerned crypto investment firms could be overstating potential payouts, or understating the risks, from investing in bitcoin and products related to the digital currency. As a newer and relatively lightly regulated market, consumers are unlikely to have access to state-backed compensation if something goes wrong. There has also been a boom in bitcoin scams. Why are people buying it right now? There are three main factors influencing the bitcoin price. First, the media frenzy over its boom in value, drawing in new buyers looking to make money. Second, more traditional finance firms are investing in the market. And finally, comparisons between bitcoin and gold, which fit with trends in the global economy. The development of Covid-19 vaccines could enable a swift economic recovery from the pandemic, at a time when governments and central banks are still providing vast amounts of emergency support – which could trigger a burst of inflation. Some investors view bitcoin as a store of value, similar to gold, which can hold its worth during times of economic stress or rising inflation. Can its rise be maintained? Bitcoin’s value is almost entirely defined by perceptions. Some economists believe it is entirely worthless. However, analysts at JP Morgan have said it could hit $146,000 if it became as established as gold for investors. However, to match this reputation built up over millennia – as a thing worth owning, with otherwise little intrinsic value – it would need to become much less volatile.
The Prisoners From The Arthur Conan Doyle Encyclopedia Revision as of 22:59, 22 July 2017 by TCDE-Team (talk \| contribs) The Prisoners is a letter written by Arthur Conan Doyle first published in The Times on 14 october 1918. The Prisoners The Times (14 october 1918) Sir, — The very large numbers of letters which have reached me and the tone of their contents show how deep is the feeling about the necessity for using some strong means for ensuring the safety of our prisoners. Some of these letters demand that I should define more clearly what should actually be done. Let me indicate more precisely, then, the steps which would, in my opinion, within a few days bring about a change for the better. The suggestion is in no spirit of unkind criticism of the gentlemen who have the matter in hand, but it is prompted by the urgency of the situation. My recommendation is that a message should at once be sent through the Minister of a neutral Government in Berlin. This message should state that the British Government had incontrovertible evidence, which could be produced if desired, that British prisoners had been murdered in considerable numbers, some by the brutality of guards in prison camps, but a greater number by starvation, hard work, and ill-usage behind the German line. That, so far as possible, the names of the people directly responsible for these murders had been collected, and that no peace would be made which did not include their punishment. That the British Government was willing to believe that those who were in authority had no direct complicity in these murders, but that it was now drawing their attention to them, and that from the date of the receipt of this message these authorities would he held responsible in their own persons for the safety of the prisoners. Therefore, if any further murders should occur, apart from the direct criminals at least three other individuals should be tried for their lives - namely, the officer who is at the head of the prisoners' department, the Minister for War, and the Emperor William II. Such a document would produce an immediate outburst of rage and abuse in the German Press, but it could not fail to draw public attention strongly to our grievances, and I venture to prophesy that the life of a British prisoner would speedily become more precious than that of any other human being within the Kaiser's domains. But let our demand be for all the world to bear, and let us harden our hearts to enforce it. Yours faithfully, Windlesham, Crowborough, Sussex, Oct 11.
Druckansicht der Internetadresse: Lehrstuhl für Biogeografie Prof. Dr. Carl Beierkuhnlein Seite drucken Hoffmann, S; Beierkuhnlein, C; Field, R; Provenzale, A; Chiarucci, A: Uniqueness of Protected Areas for Conservation Strategies in the European Union, Scientific Reports, 8(6445), 1-14 (2018) Protected areas (PAs) constitute major tools in nature conservation. In the European Union (EU), the Birds and Habitats Directives are the most important policies for conservation strategy, legally preserving Europe’s characteristic, rare, endemic and threatened biota. We used occurrence data for species listed in the directives’ Annexes to assess the uniqueness of major PAs in the EU (National Parks, Biosphere Reserves); this is important for preserving the EU’s focal species. We developed a novel, multifunctional approach to calculate different metrics of conservation value that represent different components of species diversity within the PAs, involving inventory diversity, deviation from the species–area relationship, species rarity and differentiation diversity. Applying it, we found that individual PAs frequently vary considerably in their scores on different components, which are often disconnected from PA size. PAs around the EU periphery, often containing few species, are key to conserving species that are rare in the EU. Because our analysis focuses on EU priority species and includes different components of diversity, it allows more appropriate estimation of conservation value inside PAs in context of the EU than recent, high-profile, global-level research. We offer tools to evaluate, and information to regulate, the representativeness, persistence and efficiency of PAs. TwitterInstagramYoutube-KanalKontakt aufnehmen Diese Webseite verwendet Cookies. weitere Informationen
search iconcross icon Baby in the womb Building a happy and healthy baby begins way before they are born. Every baby needs nourishment and nurturing in the womb to give them their best start in life. Compared to other mammals, human babies are under-developed and helpless when first born, but they will have learned enough in the womb to recognise their parents’ voices and cry for them. Babies need to stay close to their parents to receive continued nourishment and nurturing, for their survival. We call this feeding, cuddling, caring and loving! How baby develops and learns in the womb Epigenetics – Changing your child’s future health How your baby grows before being born, how they are fed after birth, and the environment they live in for the first 2 years of life determines whether or not your baby will have a high risk for disease in later life. In this fascinating talk by Dr Kent Thornburg, he explains how new revelations from medical science mean that we can change the future for our children's health. He explains this in terms of pregnancy and birth and makes some fascinating revelations! The epidemic of chronic disease and understanding epigenetics \| Tedx Portland The first 1000 days, from conception to 2 years old Experts worldwide now agree that the first 1000 days of a baby’s life, and the care given to them from conception to the child’s 2nd birthday, are the most significant days in the child's development. Good nutrition and responsive parenting are the foundations of a healthy brain in your child. Your Baby’s Movements tell you that they are ok Get to know your baby’s movements! It is NOT TRUE that babies move less towards the end of pregnancy. If you are worried about your baby’s movements DO NOT WAIT until the next day to seek advice, phone the Maternity Assessment Centre.
Sorry, you need to enable JavaScript to visit this website. Find Posts by Date Every Day is an International Democracy Day Every day is International Day of Democracy for the International Republican Institute, as staff around the world focus on the issues that make democracies work. Those issues include open and transparent voting processes, a free discussion of candidates and the policies they represent, and the inclusion of as many diverse voices and people as possible in political parties, platforms and at the ballot box. International Day of Democracy is a chance to remind the world of the vibrancy and success of the democratic system. The United Nations General Assembly proclaimed September 15th as the International Day of Democracy in 2007, to make the point that while democracies share many common themes, there is no single democratic model, and no country or region with a monopoly on democratic ideas. Instead, democracy is simply the freely expressed will of people to guide their political, economic, social, and cultural systems. The end of 2021 boasts its share of important elections, scenarios where the vibrant, sometimes messy, always vital system that is a democracy plays out—or does not. Here’s a look at some of the elections to watch through the end of the year. Germany September 26 Germany—and Europe, as well—faces the end of an era as it votes on September 26 for the first government in 16 years that won’t be led by the retiring Angela Merkel. A Germany without Merkel could create a power vacuum in European politics. The race to lead Germany is proving dramatic. Since May, three parties have led the polls: Merkel’s own party, the center-right Christian Democrats (and its ally in Bavaria, the Christian Social Union), the Greens and more recently, the center-left Social Democrats. Whoever succeeds Merkel will have a tough act to follow, not just in Germany but also in Europe and the world. Iraq October 10 Iraqis vote in parliamentary elections currently scheduled for October, setting off a government formation process likely to extend to 2022. Though Iraq has been one of the most volatile countries in the world for the past few decades, it has successfully held competitive national elections regularly since 2005. This set of elections comes after protests over widespread government corruption that peaked in late 2019 and early 2020, before slowing because of public health measures around COVID-19. Voters in these elections will use a new single non-transferable voter system, allowing Iraqis for the first time to choose individual representatives, instead of party lists, and to vote for a representative within a geographic constituency. Sectarian divisions will be a factor in the election and forming a stable government will again be a challenge. The U.S. has long considered Iraq to be a strategic country in the Persian Gulf region, but its instability, Iran’s role in the country, and the plight of the Iraqi people since the American-led invasion remain long-term issues. Nicaragua November 7 Nicaraguans vote in a general election in November. The 75-year-old Daniel Ortega is running for a fifth term as president, three years after he brutally put down anti-government protests. Ortega is continuing to crack-down on his political opponents and free speech, even though his Sandinista National Liberation Front already controls the legislature, judiciary, and much of the media in Nicaragua. Ortega is not leaving anything to chance, or to democracy. The National Assembly recently passed a law allowing Ortega to ban opposition candidates from running. The National Assembly also passed a law which requires individuals and groups that receive funding and support from foreign entities to register as “foreign agents” and similarly bars them from running for public office. In a step that democratic actors denounced as Ortega’s shameless effort to silence the opposition, the National Assembly also adopted a cybercrime law that severely punishes anyone found guilty of publishing or disseminating what the government deems as false or disruptive information. So, any election that takes place won’t be free and fair, unless the government allows opposition candidates to run, agrees to significant electoral reforms and allows international observers – all actions that seem unlikely at this time. This all comes against a sputtering economy and allegations that the government has covered up the extent and impact of COVID-19. The Gambia December 4 In 2016, The Gambia became a “democratic example” in sub-Saharan Africa after voters peacefully ushered out 22 years of dictatorship through the ballot box. Activists all over the continent have since looked to The Gambia as a model for what is possible when the power of citizens is harnessed for democratic change. Since the 2016 vote, respect for democratic freedoms has improved significantly, opening the space for political parties to compete, for citizens to participate in government, and for civil society to hold the government accountable without fear of retribution. But concerns have emerged in the leadup to the presidential vote about the government and political party leaders’ commitment to continuing the country’s democratic trajectory. The next presidential election, in December, will test this progress, revealing if political elites, the electoral commission, security forces, and civil society are in fact committed to putting the interests of citizens first and solidifying The Gambia’s place among the continent’s best democratic performers. Hong Kong December 19 Hong Kong’s Legislative Council (LegCo) elections were originally slated for early September 2020, before being postponed, ostensibly due to the coronavirus pandemic. Amid large-scale pro-democracy protests that brought millions to the street, a victory for the pro-democracy camp—which clearly won the 2019 district council elections—was a real possibility. This March, the elections were postponed once more to December 2021, as part of a package of electoral law amendments to ensure that elected positions in the territory are held by pro-Beijing “patriots” only. Directly elected seats in the LegCo were reduced from 45 to 20 out of 90, and extensive government vetting is required before any candidate can run. In addition, pro-democracy local advocates’ ability to influence the selection of Hong Kong’s leader, the Chief Executive, was basically eliminated. Currently, there are no pro-democracy legislators in LegCo, giving the Council the ability to rubber-stamp further degradations of Hong Kong’s freedoms, and the upcoming election, rigged against any candidate Beijing does not support, is unlikely to improve the situation. This election will be less significant for its result—which is preordained—than for how willing the world is to openly condemn this showcase of Hong Kong’s democratic decline. There are, of course, other elections taking place around the world in the last three months of 2021, and a whole new batch of key votes scheduled for next year. Elections are only part of a democratic system, though they are its most visible and perhaps most important part. These five elections are only the most notable of the upcoming votes this year, but the process of building and promoting democracy takes places slowly, often incrementally, 365 days a year. Because, as IRI knows, every day is International Day of Democracy.
3 Advantages & Disadvantages of Additive Manufacturing Process Vs. PM. Posted by Horizon Technology - June 07, 2021 Sometimes manufacturing moves faster than its customers. Methods of manufacturing metal powder that seemed unthinkable a decade ago are now suddenly part of the mainstream -- or so you hear. Just when you thought you fully understood the benefits of powder metallurgy, along came its cousin, metal additive manufacturing, aka 3D printing. Is it really possible to “print” perfect parts and eliminate some steps in the manufacturing process? Or is there a reason additive manufacturing remains a somewhat niche concept? Here’s our weigh-in on the advantages and disadvantages of additive manufacturing processes vs. powder metallurgy of the “traditional” variety, including soft magnetic composites for electric motors. Advantages and Disadvantages of Metal Additive Manufacturing Processes What Is Additive Manufacturing? (If you already know the basics of additive manufacturing, you can skip ahead to the “Where Does 3D Printing Fit With Powder Metallurgy?” section.) As with any new technology, there are several pros and cons of additive manufacturing, depending on the specific technology used. We could go on in great length about the different types of metal additive manufacturing, but there are only two types widely used in industry: • Powder bed binder jetting (ink jet) • Direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) The metal additive manufacturing (AM) process is tool-less -- it uses powder to create a component in a way that resembles an inkjet printer. It breaks the part down into many 2D layers, and prints the finished component out layer by layer. Ink Jet Ink jet printing is a process that most resembles your traditional ink jet printer at home. We will discuss this technology in the most detail because at the time, although relatively slow, it’s by far the faster technology in the AM space. 1. A thin layer of metal powder is spread across the entire build envelope. 2. A print head moves across the print bed, which sprays a layer of binder in the shape of the desired part layer. 3. Repeat steps 1 & 2 until the entire part is “printed.” 4. Typically, the entire powder bed is moved into a thermal “binding” process, in which the binder that was sprayed on each layer is dried and gains its strength. 5. The powder bed is moved into a de-powder station, where the loose powder is removed and the parts are cleaned. 6. The parts are sintered. This is where the part shrinks by approximately 20% and gets its metallurgical bonds. Direct Metal Laser Sintering DMLS is a process that also works by creating a 3D part from many 2D layers. 1. A very thin layer of powder is spread over the length of the build envelope. 2. A laser beam moves across the layer, focusing on the areas that will form the part. 3. The energy from the laser sinters the particles together on contact. Where Does 3D Printing Fit With Powder Metallurgy? For many years, 3D printing has been helpful in the production of prototypes, but its shortcomings are evident when you need large quantities of quickly produced, low-cost items. Additive manufacturing is finding its place in component manufacturing as a complement to injection molding and conventional pressing and sintering. Home or office versions of 3D printers use plastic to form the end part, but 3D printing can also be achieved in the industrial world using metal in powder form, similar to the powders used in powder metal compaction. Are you making the decision to work with an additive manufacturing or PM (powder metallurgy) supplier? Whether it be for production or simply prototype parts, consider the pros and cons of both technologies. Sure, it’d be neat to jump on board with this emerging technology, but does it really make sense? Or can you get a better overall experience with conventional powder metallurgy mixed with some advanced techniques and materials? PM vs Competitors E-Book: Additive Manufacturing Advantages Metal additive manufacturing isn’t just technology for technology’s sake. There are indeed functional benefits of the additive manufacturing process 1. Rare Shape-Making Ability Additive manufacturing is very attractive for unusual or complex component shapes that can be difficult to manufacture using other processes. Design software makes it possible to create nearly any geometric form, such as: • Hollow spaces • Honeycomb filling • Internal cooling channels • Negative drafts The possibilities from a design perspective are truly endless. In this regard, think of 3D printing as powder metallurgy on steroids. 2. Manufacturing + Assembly in 1 An additive manufacturing line can produce multiple components at a time in the same build box. Instead of creating individual parts and assembling them at a later point (due to geometry constraints), an additive manufacturer can combine assemblies into single parts, which can reduce overall product cost in unique situations. 3. No Tooling Cost With additive manufacturing, there is no up-front tooling cost like you’d see in traditional PM. This can also be a very attractive benefit to a low-volume production strategy. Say you make your first prototypes, then test them out. What if you find you need a design change? Simply send a new model over to your AM supplier with the changes -- it’s that easy. The engineer can reload the model and be ready to start your next series of prototypes. Additive Manufacturing Disadvantages So, if it’s that easy, why would we ever not use AM?? Many of the benefits of additive manufacturing already exist in powder metallurgy, just in a more subtle form. You’ll have to decide whether modest improvements in those areas are worth the disadvantages associated with 3D printing: 1. Part Cost Metal additive manufacturing has its benefits in cost when you need a run of 1-100 prototypes. Anything much beyond that, and the extreme “per-part” costs erode all the initial up-front tooling cost savings. Depending on the part’s size, AM can be much as 5-100x the cost of a traditional powder metal part. This extreme cost is driven by two major factors: equipment use and material cost. We’ll talk about equipment down below, but first, let’s get granular on the material cost. Companies specifying materials for AM frequently look for very fine or small particle distribution. This can make the raw material cost of your project skyrocket -- even more so if the powder needs to be spherical. These particle shapes are produced from a gas atomization process used specifically in metal injection molding and powder bed binder jetting. If the part can be pressed with traditional PM and machined later as necessary, there’s usually no reason to force AM into your manufacturing process. 2. Surface Finish The surface finish capabilities for a 3D printed part have come a long way over the last decade. However, there are still two major challenges. One is the overall finish capability of the additive manufacturing powder itself, which is very rough compared to traditional powder metal materials. The other is the layering effect inherent in AM part construction. This looks very similar to the topography of a map. When a height on an area of a part changes gradually while the cross-section grows inward or outward, a distinct layering effect occurs. Additive Manufacturing Process vs PM To solve this problem, manufacturers typically send their parts out for tumbling or electropolishing. This does a great job of blending the layers; however, the material removal creates an additional obstacle to controlling dimensional accuracy. 3. Dimensional Control When processed through binder jetting, metal additive manufacturing has dimensional challenges similar to metal injection molding. Namely, the material shrinks by about 20% during sintering. So although printers are becoming more and more accurate, the sintering process can be a source of heartache. Dimensional variation of ±0.5% can be expected within the same sintering batch. This means that the larger your design is, the more tolerance it must include. Additionally, due to the shrinkage, parts experience extra friction during sintering. This causes circles to turn to ovals and overhangs to droop unless your manufacturer takes special care to design complex sintering fixtures. 4. No Custom Alloying The mechanical properties of a finished product are dependent upon the characteristics of the powder with which you start. Additive manufacturing typically uses a prealloyed material in the base powder. Why? There's no way to successfully introduce additional materials and traits later in the 3D printing process. If your alloying material isn’t available yet from your supplier, you’re out of luck. All the materials and characteristics you want in your component have to be in the mix. 5. It’s Slow and Has Size Limitations Industrial adaptation to additive manufacturing has been slow, and it’s still considered a niche process even in 2021. That’s because after all these years, AM is still not an efficient way of producing a high volume of parts. Remember how we complimented AM’s ability to produce multiple parts at once? Good thing, because it’s otherwise a snail-like process relative to PM. Depending on your desired final shape and size, it can take 2-3 hours to produce a shape that conventional powder metallurgy could make in 5-10 seconds Even if speed is not a concern for you, depending on the type of 3D printing, there is a low ceiling when it comes to maximum part size. For example: With binder jetting, you can print a part as big as the build box. However, successfully getting the part through the thermal binding, depowder, and sintering process without cracking or warping is another story. It can be done, but becomes extremely tricky and costly. Unless your design is such a unique shape that there’s no other way it can be economically produced, it’s best to stay away from 3D printing. Even in cases where your design is a true unicorn, it may be better to adjust the shape rather than your manufacturing method. 3D Printing Soft Magnetic Composite Materials So why didn't we address additive manufacturing of our favorite topic, soft magnetic composites (SMCs)? You may recall that these “superpowders” are coated with an electrically insulating film to offer better magnetic performance than, say, steel laminations. The short answer is that the AM process is a long way from being able to handle SMCs. As we speak, we’re looking into material and process development around this issue. The long answer? When it comes to electric vehicle motor components, specifically stators and rotors, there are two driving forces in performance -- permeability and core loss. The density of the component drives permeability, and the insulation layer around SMCs reduces core losses. To successfully 3D print a soft magnetic component such as this, the final product must be very dense, and the insulation layer can’t experience heat above 1000°F or so. Although you can probably find someone who says they can 3D print soft magnetic composites, in reality the technology is not capable today. Binder jetting prints at very low densities -- the component doesn’t get its density boost until the sintering furnace. Consequently, the magnetic performance will end up substantially below what you expect from SMCs -- not even adequate for a prototype. SMC parts can’t be sintered at high temperatures because the heat deteriorates the all-important insulation layer around each particle. Curing at temperatures around 1000°F ensures discrete particle separation. All densification must happen prior to curing. One day it may be possible to prototype SMC components with additive manufacturing. However, it’s not today, and probably not next year either. What's the Future of Metal 3D Printing (& Powder Metallurgy)? Metal additive manufacturing companies are trying to become more competitive in areas beyond unique automotive parts. But in most cases, it still makes economic sense to use powder metallurgy to meet current and future parts manufacturing needs. Remember, not all powder metal companies are using decades-old technologies and materials. Check out the resources below to see what conventional powder metallurgy suppliers are doing these days to compete with the advantages and disadvantages of 3D metal printing and other manufacturing processes: The following articles give a more direct comparison powder metallurgy vs. die casting, forging, and other processes. Or, for an all-in-one look, download the free e-book below. Powder Metallurgy vs. Competing Methods (Editor's note: This article was originally published in April 2019 and was updated. June 2021) Topics: Materials, Applications, Costs, Design, Processes Recent Posts DC Electric Motor Design: Advances in Alloys for Magnetic Applications read more Design for Manufacturability Part 3: Structural Powder Metal Parts read more Finding Frequency & Motor Speed Control in AC Electromagnetic Materials read more
Gods And Goddesses In Homer's Role In The Odysseus Life 709 Words3 Pages Gods & Goddesses Gods and goddesses play a huge role in the Odysseus and Telemachus lives. They both honor the lives and power they have upon the human life. The human value the gods and goddesses because without then they will be lost. The humans believed that if you were kind to strangers that good will come their way because they thought it was a god or goddesses in disguise. The humans always thought every little thing that happened was because of the gods or goddesses. If there was a storm they thought it was because Zeus the god of lightning was mad. The gods and goddesses just play a huge role in humans life. Homer was trying to teach us that each god has an effect on our lives. When Odysseus was on his voyage home he was blown off course and landed on the land of the Cyclops. The Cyclops name is Polyphemus the son of Poseidon the god of the sea. Odysseus was captured by Polyphemus, when he escaped he stabbed Polyphemus in the eye. Odysseus mocked and baited him, Polyphemus prayed upon his father and said “ Poseidon, the god of the sea and earthquakes, and asks him to put a curse on Odysseus and his men.” The gods heard Polyphemus prayer and granted his prayer. Odysseus doesn 't know what he had in store yet within his journey home. For everything you do there is always a consequence and you have to accept that consequence and all the punishments that comes with it. When Odysseus left the Land Of The Cyclops he was stopped by a beautiful goddess- Open Document
It is an important duty of the parents to build a relation between books and their children. This homework should start when their baby starts to read alphabets and small words. Through interesting story books and moral books, one can develop the baby’s interest in reading. Now the major concern is what all story books one should arrange in a baby’s library. Not to worry. There are some books available which can not only generate interest in reading but also has a good moral behind it. Who doesn’t like teddy bears? From 6 to 60, all age group like teddy bears. So you can start with Don Freeman’s Corduroy which says the story of a shabby teddy bear that is in need of a shelter and how he meets his friend Lisa who spends her savings to buy him. You can also buy the book ‘The Very Hungry Caterpillar’ that says the development of a caterpillar to a beautiful butterfly. It is sure that little champions will enjoy reading this book. You can give your baby understanding about animals through the illustration mentioned in the book ‘My Very First Mother Goose.’ It also has got a lot of rhymes which will make the baby sing along with the rhymes and dance to it. Kate Banks ‘ Close Your Eyes’ will be a loving story about your baby. It is a story about how a mother tiger is asking the cub to sleep by saying about the dreams the cub is going to see. The babies will surely like these, and you can also try the same trick to make your babies hit the sack early. There are also some good books like Goodnight Moon and Is Your Mamma a Lima. These storybooks will surely create an interest in reading to your babies, and they will thank you in future for creating such a good library for them.
Irula (இருளா) Irula is a Southern Dravidian language spoken mainly in the Nilgiri mountains in the states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala in southern India. According to the 2011 census, there are 11,870 speakers of Irula. Irula is also known as Erukala, Irava, Irulan, Irular, Irular Mozhi, Irulavan, Iruliga, Iruligar, Kad Chensu or Korava. Irula was first described and classified 1955 by Kamil Zvelebil, a specialist in the languages of India. The language has a lot in common with Tamil, especially Old Tamil, with some features from Kannada. It used to be thought of as a mixture of Tamil and Kannada. Irula alphabet Irula is written with the Tamil alphabet in Tamil Nadu, and with the Malayalam alphabet in Kerala. Irula alphabet Download an alphabet chart for Irula (Excel spreadsheet) Sample text in Irula Sample text in Irula Sample videos in Irula Information about Irula Dravidian languages Badaga, Brahui, Dhundari, Gondi, Irula, Jatapu, Kannada, Kodava, Kolam, Konda, Koya, Kurukh, Malayalam, Malto, Mukha Dora, Ravula, Sankethi, Savara, Sunuwar, Suriyani Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu, Toda, Tulu, Yerukula Abugidas / Syllabic alphabets Ahom, Aima, Badagu, Badlit, Balinese, Balti-A, Balti-B, Batak, Baybayin, Bengali, Bhaiksuki, Bhujimol, Bilang-bilang, Bima, Blackfoot, Brahmi, Buhid, Burmese, Carrier, Chakma, Cham, Cree, Dehong Dai, Devanagari, Dham Lipi, Dhankari / Sirmauri, Ditema, Dives Akuru, Dogra, Ethiopic, Evēla Akuru, Fraser, Gond, Goykanadi, Grantha, Gujarati, Gunjala Gondi, Gupta, Gurmukhi, Halbi Lipi, Hanifi, Hanuno'o, Ibalnan, Inuktitut, Jaunsari Takri, Javanese, Kaithi, Kadamba, Kamarupi, Kannada, Kawi, Kerinci, Kharosthi, Khema, Khe Prih, Khmer, Khojki, Khudabadi, Kirat Rai, Kōchi, Kulitan, Kurukh Banna, Lampung, Lanna, Lao, Lepcha, Limbu, Lontara/Makasar, Lota Ende, Magar Akkha, Mahajani, Malayalam, Manpuri, Meroïtic, Masarm Gondi, Modi, Mon, Mongolian Horizontal Square Script, Multani, Nandinagari, Newa, Ojibwe, Odia, Pahawh Hmong, Pallava, Phags-pa, Purva Licchavi, Qiang / Rma, Ranjana, Rejang (Kaganga), Sasak, Savara, Satera Jontal, Shan, Sharda, Siddham, Sinhala, Sorang Sompeng, Sourashtra, Soyombo, Sukhothai, Sundanese, Syloti Nagri, Tagbanwa, Takri, Tamil, Tanchangya (Ka-Pat), Tani, Thaana, Telugu, Thai, Tibetan, Tigalari, Tikamuli, Tocharian, Tolong Siki, Vatteluttu, Warang Citi Page last modified: 10.08.21 Green Web Hosting - Kualo Why not share this page: Learn a nuevo language while you browse with toucan
Oedipal Complex GinaMarie Guarino, LMHC GinaMarie Guarino, LMHC Published on September 24th, 2021 Oedipal Complex The Oedipal complex (also known as the Oedipus complex) is a theory that was introduced to the study of human development by Sigmund Freud. Sigmund Freud is known to be a founder of the field of psychology. He proposed many theories of the human mind and development. One of his notable contributions was the theory of the psychosexual stages of development. This theory refers to the development of sexuality. Sigmund Freud Sigmund Freud In the theory of psychosexual development, it is noted that children experience the Oedipal complex. It is a theory that is considered by some to be controversial, as it suggests that a part of a child’s development is the experience of two distinct urges. These two urges are: • An unconscious sexual desire for the opposite-sex parent • Feelings of jealousy and rivalry toward the same-sex parent The Oedipal complex is based on a tragic story in Greek mythology named Oedipus. In the story, Oedipus, an orphaned boy, grows up to unknowingly kill his father (the king) and marry his mother (the queen). When Oedipus learns that the king he killed for the throne and the queen he married to take his place as king were his parents, he faced intense guilt and despair. Freud took themes from this story to help create his theory of the Oedipal Complex. The Oedipal Complex Freud theorized that children develop a sense of desire for their opposite-sex parent. The Oedipal complex is a term used to refer to a boy’s desire for his mother. Through this feeling of desire and watching his mother interact with his father as a couple, the boy also develops jealousy and rivalry against his father. Similarly, a girl can develop a desire for her father and similar feelings of rivalry against her mother. According to Freud, children’s desire for their opposite-sex parent is repressed. This means the desire is pushed down into the unconscious mind. This is thought to be due to fear of the opposite-sex parent. Specifically, young boys fear the idea of retaliation against their fathers. Even though the child is not consciously aware of the desire, the feelings do serve a purpose. They play a key role in the attachment that develops between the child and each parent. Freud also states in his theory that the purpose of the Oedipal complex is to develop a healthy sexual identity. The Oedipal complex typically resolves at the end of the phallic stage. The Phallic Stage Of Psychosexual Development According to Freud, the Oedipal complex is experienced in children. These children are in the phallic stage of psychosexual development. During this stage, a child (around age 3 to 4) will begin to explore their genitals. The phallic stage marks a period of early stages of personality development. It is also the stage in which children tend to use their parents as models for identity development. Boys will typically identify with their fathers, as girls will with their mothers. Through identifying with their same-sex parent, a rivalry develops. The child becomes jealous of the intimacy shared with their opposite-sex parent. The Electra Complex The Oedipal complex sparked interest in many professionals in the field of psychology. While some opposed the theory, others considered its legitimacy. Among those professionals was Carl Jung. Carl Jung was among the first to study the unconscious mind. Jung expanded on Freud’s theory of the Oedipal Complex. Through collaboration with Freud, Jung proposed the Electra complex. According to the Electra complex, a girl realizes that her desire for her father cannot be fulfilled. This is because of the role of her mother in the family dynamic. The girl also feels fearful of retaliating against her mother. In realizing that she cannot replace the role of her mother, she redirects her desires to other males. The desire is generalized to males in general. This generalization promotes the development of a healthy sexual identity. Penis Envy Jung suggested that girls experience the Oedipal complex differently. Agreeing with Jung, Freud proposed the concept of penis envy. Penis envy refers to a girl’s realization of the difference between male anatomy and female anatomy. A girl recognizes that she does not have a penis herself. She blames her mother for not completing her anatomy and providing her with a penis. A girl does not act on these resentful feelings, however. She represses the feelings and instead begins to mimic her mother’s behavior. It is important to note that the successful resolution of the Oedipus complex and the Electra complex is the development of a healthy sexual identity. This initial identity is developed during childhood. Freud does not account for his theories on homosexuality in his theory of psychosexual development. The purpose of the Oedipal complex is the resolution of the phallic stage. Through the resolution comes the development of a healthy sexual identity during childhood. This identity develops through how the child relates to each parent. Link To This Article Leave A Comment It looks like you currently have an ad blocker installed
Thomas, 1807 Thomas grew quickly, and he had a good childhood. Well, insofar as he knew goodness to be. By the age of five, Thomas was able to help his mama in the field. By age ten, Thomas was able to care for chickens and horses. By age sixteen, Thomas was prime for heavy lifting in the fields. The yellow boy was no idiot. He saw how Master Andrew treated his mama after dark; if he tried to stop Master, nothing good would come. So Thomas remained silent. For years. On a chilly evening, Thomas was laughing around a fire with the other young slaves when he heard his mama scream. Overtaken by instinct and adrenaline, Thomas ran to his mama’s bunker to find Master Andrew viciously raping Anwuli. Without thinking, Thomas grabbed a piece of iron and beat Master Andrew off of his mama. Master Andrew, thinking Thomas was his son, beat him just into silence and submission, so as to ejaculate and be on his way. Not willing to tolerate nonsense or have his life threatened, the next day Master Andrew called the broker, had Thomas chained and thrown onto a wagon. Anwuli begged Master Andrew for his mercy and ran after the wagon crying for her son as far as her weary legs could go; Thomas’ cry pervaded the plantation. Tired of his tears, the broker clocked Thomas in the head so he would pass out. Thomas and Anwuli would never meet again. Thomas was awakened, still chained, in a place called Mississippi . Before Thomas was taken to a slave auction, he was groomed, buffed and seized. He was auctioned as sixteen year old yellow nigger good for heavy-lifting; another thirty years of profit. He sold quickly. Chained to a wagon, Thomas fell asleep and woke up in Attalla, Mississippi. Coming onto a dirt road, Thomas noticed a sign that read Brown Plantation. He settled quickly and made no attempt to escape, hoping that good behaviour would allow him to return to his mama. Hopelessly optimistic, Thomas was good for the Brown plantation. Not only for the white folk and profit, but the other slaves enjoyed him. A real funny and charming young man. A young enslaved woman by the name of Lizbeth Brown fell keen to this charming Thomas. Wanting to make his mama proud, Thomas took Lizbeth as his wife and found some happiness and hope in the midst of hell. The enslaved people threw a beautiful wedding with great food, music, dancing, clothes, and a new broom to signify their union. Thomas and Lizbeth consummated their marriage that night, and it was so. By age twenty-five, Thomas had three children by Lizbeth. Their fourth child was a strong and radiant girl whom they named Ella Ijemma, after Thomas’ mama. She would be remembered by the plantation as Ella Brown. Ella, 1831 Ella grew quickly, and she had a good childhood. Well, insofar as she knew goodness to be. Ella was kept inside the big house as the playmate of Master Brown’s daughter, Mary, who was of the same age. Even though Ella was a child, a slave she was. She were to do whatever was told of her by young Mary. Thankfully, Mary held onto naivety and treated Ella as a sister. They would have tea parties, play with dolls and bug Mary’s older Brother, John. By age sixteen, Ella was fully developed and reproductively prime. John was quick to notice this. Mary and Ella spent an afternoon together having lemonade outside of Mary’s bedroom. John found them, and told Mary that their father beckoned her outback. Mary excused herself and left John and Ella alone. Seductively at first, John inched his way closer to Ella with sweet remakerks. She was not amused by his flirts, and crossed her legs. John grew frustrated, then angry. He heavily reminded Ella that she was his nigger whom he could treat however he wanted. Without another word, John closed the doors, grabbed the young virgin, undressed her and himself, silenced her pleas and penetrated the slave. Ella became pregnant. Henry, 1847 Eight months later, Ella birthed a long and light-skinned boy. Thomas and Lizbeth were saddened by their daughter’s assault, yet knew they held no authority for revenge. So they welcomed the child as their grandson. Ella named her son Henry. John claimed and loved Henry as his son. Though Henry did not live in the big house, John treated him well. Henry grew quickly, and had a good childhood. Well, insofar as he knew goodness to be. While Henry was but a boy, Ella grew in love and married a dark skinned slave. Ella and the dark-skinned man had many children together, all darker than Henry. As Henry grew into boyhood, he noticed that his brothers and sisters were treated much differently than he was. As a teenager, Henry was a well-trained house nigger and entertained the Brown family well by playing the piano and fiddle. Henry would watch out of the window as Master Brown and John would abuse his darker skinned siblings, his step-father, and his mother, Ella. Henry began leaving the safety of the big-house at night to bring food and tell stories to his family at the slave quarters. Henry loved his mom, and the beauty of her complexion. That so, he grew keen to a young slave, darker than himself; they would sit together closely during the sharing of stories, and danced even closer if the music desired it. Henry and this young woman grew in love. Unable to marry because of John’s protection over Henry, they began sharing a bed and the two, in spirit and body, became one. The young woman became pregnant. \| Continue on to Part 3 \|
You're probably familiar with the verb to "flap," which is what birds do with their wings. But as a noun, a flap is a fuss, an argument, or a gossipy feud. A big part of the pleasure of reality TV shows is watching how quickly a person can start a flap. A dumb remark, a furtive glance, a missed phone call: any of these things can start the characters bickering. And the flap can go on for an entire season! One way to remember the meaning of the verb to flap is to imagine the sound of many wings flapping. That's the sound a flap might make if you could hear it. The leak from the senator's press agent might have caused a firestorm. Instead it resulted in just a minor flap. Definitions of flap 1. verb move in a wavy pattern or with a rising and falling motion synonyms: roll, undulate, wave see moresee less flap when the wind is blowing equally on both sides type of: move so as to change position, perform a nontranslational motion 2. verb move with a thrashing motion “The bird flapped its wings” synonyms: beat move with a flapping motion see moresee less flap the wings rapidly or fly with flapping movements flap the wings wildly or frantically; used of falcons cause to strike the air in flight type of: displace, move 3. verb move with a flapping motion “The bird's wings were flapping synonyms: beat move with a thrashing motion see moresee less flail, thresh move like a flail; thresh about strike the air in flight type of: move so as to change position, perform a nontranslational motion 4. verb move noisily “flags flapped in the strong wind” see moresee less type of: beat, pound, thump move rhythmically 5. noun the motion made by flapping up and down synonyms: flapping, flutter, fluttering see moresee less type of: undulation, wave (physics) a movement up and down or back and forth 6. noun any broad, thin, and limber covering attached at one edge; hangs loose or projects freely “he wrote on the flap of the envelope” see moresee less show 12 types... hide 12 types... an opaque adjustable flap on a lamp fixture; used in photography to cut off light from particular areas the loose back flap of a coat that hangs below the waist earflap, earlap dag, jag a flap along the edge of a garment; used in medieval clothing lap, overlap a flap that lies over another part pocket flap a flap that covers the access to a pocket fly, fly sheet, rainfly, tent flap, tent-fly the flap of material under the laces of a shoe or boot cuff, turnup lap at the front of a coat; continuation of the coat collar a small lap on a garment or headdress type of: 7. noun a movable piece of tissue partly connected to the body see moresee less show 6 types... hide 6 types... a small pendant fleshy lobe at the back of the soft palate soft palate, velum a muscular flap that closes off the nasopharynx during swallowing or speaking protective fold a flap of tissue that protects what it covers cusp, leaflet a thin triangular flap of a heart valve eyelid, lid, palpebra nictitating membrane, third eyelid a protective fold of skin in the eyes of reptiles and birds and some mammals type of: animal tissue the tissue in the bodies of animals 8. noun synonyms: flaps see moresee less landing flap type of: aerofoil, airfoil, control surface, surface 9. noun an excited state of agitation “there was a terrible flap about the theft” synonyms: dither, fuss, pother, tizzy see moresee less type of: a mental state of extreme emotional disturbance 10. verb make a fuss; be agitated synonyms: dither, pother see moresee less type of: fret, fuss, niggle worry unnecessarily or excessively 11. verb pronounce with a flap, of alveolar sounds see moresee less type of: articulate, enounce, enunciate, pronounce, say, sound out speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way Word Family
What Is The Difference Between Broadband And WiFi What Is The Difference Between Broadband And WiFi December 31, 2018 admin Internet has come a long way since the last few years, changing the digital landscape and transforming it in the process. Of course, the argument as to whether the digital companies owe their very survival to broadband or to WiFi is an open question for not many are aware of the key differences between both. If you thought that both are one and the same, you could not be more wrong, here’s why. Internet was available to all through dial-ups and modems, but thanks to various advances, customers can now access sites at a higher speed, upload or download large packets of data, thanks to broadband. But with the advent of broadband, ADSL broadband, cable broadband, but a little later on, companies have started offering WiFi which can match most of what broadband has to offer. In case, you are still confused as to the key differences between the two, then you need to read on. wifi attendance WiFi and Broadband Before you can spot out the differences between both, you should know that WiFi is a wireless LAN technology that enables you to access the net. The downside is that it operates over open spectrum at low ranges which means that you need to stay either in the same room or nearby to use the WiFi. A few companies have even started boosting their WiFi signal so that customers can access the same over wider area. Broadband is also wireless, where you would be able to access your broadband connection through your phone or with broadband cable. The other down-side to WiFi is that it is often subject to interference which is not the case with broadband. Broadband enables you to connect online at high speeds; it comes with various options from ADSL, to cable that you can access at any time and also comes with a connection that is never switched off. It should be pointed out that while the terminology of broadband is not all that surprising, not many are aware of the fact that broad band’s opposite term, narrow band has been used for dial-ups and modems alike. There are various advantages to both, which you may want to take a closer look at. But before that, you may want to know that WiFi essentially uses radio technology and is therefore subject to interference in case of severe solar storm, for example. With WiFi, connection is often established with the help of a router, and with the help of a wireless adapter to create hot spots. What’s more, with WiFi is, you should be able to connect more than one device to the network, and once the WiFi is on, it should start emitting frequencies between 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz. What has helped to make WiFi popular is the fact that it is compatible with almost all operating systems and just about anything else. Just remember that if you are connecting online using WiFi, then you would be sharing the connection with many, and the speed may be limited depending on the strength of the signal. Advantages and differences between Broadband and WiFi When it comes to broadband and WiFi, it can get a tad confusing and that’s an understatement with more acronyms clouding the digital space than you can shake a stick at. The fact is that even your local smart phone enables you to connect online with at least three methods, and all you need is to enable your laptop to one of these and you should be able to connect online. WiFi is where telecom companies can provide you with WiFi access to your system by providing you with a modem and a router. Once the device is switched on, you should be able to connect online as long as you stay in the same room or within 75 meters of the device,whereas with Broadband, you can count on a secure connection and stay connected for as long as you like. Some of the pros and cons of WiFi and Broadband are listed here • It offers you with high speed internet and the ability to connect with the same right away • It enables you to connect multiple devices to the same WiFi connection • It is reasonably priced but that depends more on your provider • One of the drawbacks is that a WiFi signal cannot really be considered secure, for “packet sniffers” can sometimes sniff out the signal and read the signal between a computer and a device. • WiFi is based on radio signals, and can also be subject to interference especially during severe solar storms. Attendance App • It also offers you high speed internet and you need not switch it off anytime and it is always on. You should be able to transfer large amounts of data with the help of broadband and even access similar amounts of data. • It is a secure connection • It is a wired connection and enables you to enjoy high speed internet all the time • It is reasonably priced • The broadband connection is secure; in the sense that it does not permit you to share the connection with others, unless they log into the same system with your credentials.It should also be pointed out that you can connect a certain amount of devices with your broadband, and enjoy the perks of being connected via a broadband line. • It is a wired connection meaning that your system would have to be physically connected with the broadband cable. As you can see, here are some of the pros and cons of a broadband connection and a WiFi and the cost for the same, can vary from one provider to another. While you can use the hot spot and surf with your WiFi, the fact remains that WiFi lines are not that secure whereas broadband is, all the way. Since the advent of smart phones and 4G, you can now connect online using the phone’s WiFi signal or use its broadband connection. While there is not much difference between the WiFi Signal on your phone or its broadband connection, as both are dependent on the data package you subscribed with your operator, the fact remains that both are unique and use various methods to help you connect online. And while it may not be possible for you to connect several devices with a secured and wired broadband connection, you should still be able to do so with your smart phone. As regards the method, all you would have to do is to head over to the settings on the phone and check for internet and connections. Now, click on the same and you should soon be able to access various options, from WiFi to broadband which you can then access with the help of mobile hot spot. But in case the terms wireless and broadband are still a tad mystifying, here’s the breakdown – a wireless connection is one that utilizes radio frequencies to help you stay connected. On the other hand, a broadband connection is one that offers you high speed data connectivity, without using radio frequencies and one that offers you both wired and wireless, which is what makes it all the more confusing as it is getting harder to tell the two apart, especially for the lay person. Wireless routers With more telecom operators getting into the play, it seems that more companies are now offering bundled routers and modems with their broadband connection. Additionally they are also offering wireless routers which mean that you do not have to stay physically connected to the router in order to access internet. Thanks to this, you can count on high speed broadband connection and move about, in close proximity as you access the same. Of the two, WiFi certainly sounds much better for the simple reason that you can connect multiple devices to the same connection. This is not possible with a secured broadband connection but on the other hand, it should be pointed out that WiFi’s are not secure and in more ways than one. What’s more, with a broad band connection, you should be able to access vast amounts of data, send over similar amounts with ease than you could do with your WiFi connection. This is why broadband connection remains a hot favorite with many.
Question: What is the Big 5 personality test? Scientific personality tests are being used to tell women theyre more disagreeable than men. The Big Five evaluates personality by measuring—as the name suggests—five personality traits: openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism, each on a continuous scale. Is there an official Big 5 personality test? The Big Five Personality Test is by far the most scientifically validated and reliable psychological model to measure personality. This test is, together with the Jung test and the DISC assessment, one of the most well known personality tests worldwide. This free personality test is fast and reliable. What is the Big Five theory of personality? The five broad personality traits described by the theory are extraversion (also often spelled extroversion), agreeableness, openness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism. The five basic personality traits is a theory developed in 1949 by D. W. This is where the five big personality traits began. How accurate is the Big 5 personality test? They found that the test wasnt always a reliable measure of personality traits in these places. They also found that in many of these developing countries, people tended to agree more than disagree with the Big Five statements. What are the strengths of the Big Five personality model? Big Five Personality TraitsBig Five TraitRepresentative examplesApproximate corresponding character strengthsAgreeablenessGood-natured, softhearted, sympatheticKindness, gratitudeConscientiousnessReliable, hardworking, punctualSelf-regulation, perseverance, prudence3 more rows What are the Big 5 traits of conscientiousness? Conscientiousness is one of the five personality traits of the Big Five personality theory .Sub traits of the conscientiousness domainSelf-efficacy.Orderliness.Dutifulness.Achievement-striving.Self-discipline.Cautiousness. Why is Big 5 personality model is considered important? The Big Five personality theory gives a simple blueprint to understanding others, improving relationships by knowing why people behave the way they do. The Big Five personality theory gives a simple blueprint to understanding others, improving relationships by knowing why people tend to behave the way that they do. What are personality strengths? Strengths are tasks or actions you can do well. These include knowledge, proficiencies, skills, and talents .Personal Strengths.AccurateAction-orientedAdventurousAuthenticCaringCleverCompassionateCharmingCommunicativeConfidentConsiderateCourageousCreativeCuriousDecisive28 more rows Write us Find us at the office Give us a ring Jermya Lenninger +88 940 846 744 Mon - Fri, 9:00-18:00 Tell us about you
Consonants /d/ versus /j/, 50 pairs [damyam.html] The /d/ sound is spelled with <d>, and the /j/ sound is <y>, but is also <i> in poniard and occurs in the letter name U and in words beginning <ew>. Since /j/ can only occur at the start of the syllable in RP, all contrasts are initial. The contrast is between a voiced stop and a voiced semivowel. It is not a problem for learners. The only interesting pair to emerge was pondered/poniard, rather too archaic to matter. The mean density value is 0.4%. The list makes 29 semantic distinctions, a loading of 58%. D ye dam yam dams yams damn yam damns yams dank yank darn yarn darned yarned darning yarning darns yarns date Yate dates Yeats daw yaw daws yaws daw yore dawn yawn dawned yawned dawning yawning dawns yawns day yea days yeas daze yeas dear year dears years debt yet deer year dell yell dells yells den yen dens yens do ewe do's ewes do U do's U's do yew do's yews do you doer ewer doers ewers don yon door yaw doors yaws door yore dot yacht dots yachts dotted yachted dotting yachting dour you're dung young pondered poniard John Higgins, Shaftesbury, March 2010.
Categories Paydayloans Short-term, small-dollar loans are consumer loans with reasonably low initial major amounts (frequently not as much as $1,000) with fairly repayment that is short (generally speaking for a small amount of months or months). Short-term, small-dollar loan items are frequently employed to pay for cash-flow shortages that could take place as a result of unanticipated costs or durations of inadequate earnings. Small-dollar loans may be available in various types and also by various kinds of loan providers. Banking institutions and credit unions (depositories) could make small-dollar loans through lending options such as for example charge cards, charge card payday loans, and account that is checking security programs. Small-dollar loans can be supplied by nonbank loan providers (alternative financial solution [AFS] providers), such as for example payday loan providers and vehicle name loan providers. The level that debtor situations that are financial be produced worse through the utilization of costly credit or from restricted use of credit is commonly debated. . Borrowers spend rates and charges for small-dollar loans that could be considered high priced. Borrowers might also fall under financial obligation traps, circumstances where borrowers repeatedly roll over current loans into brand new loans and afterwards incur more costs in the place of completely paying down the loans. Even though weaknesses related to financial obligation traps tend to be more usually talked about when you look at the context of nonbank items such as for example pay day loans, borrowers may nevertheless battle to repay outstanding balances and face additional fees on loans such as for example bank cards which are given by depositories. Conversely, the financing industry usually raises issues about the availability that is reduced of credit. Regulations directed at reducing charges for borrowers may bring about greater prices for loan providers, perhaps restricting or reducing credit access for economically troubled people. This report provides a summary associated with the small-dollar customer financing areas and associated policy problems. Explanations of basic short-term, small-dollar advance loan items are presented. Present federal and state regulatory approaches to customer security in small-dollar financing areas will also be explained, including a listing of a proposition by the customer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) to make usage of federal needs that would work as a flooring for state laws. The CFPB estimates that its proposition would lead to a product decrease in small-dollar loans provided by AFS providers. The CFPB proposition was at the mercy of debate. H.R. 10, the Financial SELECTION Act of 2017, that has been passed away because of the House of Representatives on June 8, 2017, would stop the CFPB from working out any rulemaking, enforcement, or other authority with respect to pay day loans, car name loans, or any other similar loans. After talking about the insurance policy implications associated with the CFPB proposition, this report examines basic rates characteristics within the small-dollar credit market. Their education of content market competitiveness, that might be revealed by analyzing selling price characteristics, might provide insights concerning affordability and supply alternatives for users of specific small-dollar loan services and products. The lending that is small-dollar exhibits both competitive and noncompetitive market prices characteristics. Some industry monetary information metrics are perhaps in keeping with competitive market rates. Facets such as for instance regulatory obstacles and variations in item features, however, restrict the ability of banking institutions and credit unions to contend with AFS providers when you look at the market that is small-dollar. Borrowers may choose some loan item features made available from nonbanks, including the way the items are delivered, compared to services and products provided by conventional finance institutions. Because of the presence of both competitive and noncompetitive market characteristics, determining perhaps the costs borrowers pay money for small-dollar loan items are РІР‚Сљtoo highРІР‚Сњ is challenging. The Appendix covers how exactly to conduct significant cost evaluations utilising the apr (APR) in addition to some basic details about loan prices.
By Andrew vonNagy, Blog Contributor Share Post (Cue adapted Scarface Theme, verse 1) Push it to the limit! Walk along the perimeter edge But don't look up, just keep your head And you'll be finished Survey to the limit! Past the point of no bandwidth You've reached the edge but still you gotta learn How to build it Hit the floor and double your pace Laptop wide open like an engineer outta hell And you crush the speed test Going for the back of every room Nothing gonna stop you There's no wall that strong So close now, battery near the brink So, push it! We walk a fine line when designing wireless networks, attempting to push as many users and bandwidth through our APs as possible, ensuring adequate capacity is available to meet demand, while not overbuilding the network. But what are the limits and how do we know we've hit them? Or more importantly, how do we plan and design Wi-Fi networks to make sure we don't hit these limits? The Right Metrics Capacity can be defined as the amount of available time for stations to transmit and receive data. Or to put it another way, available capacity is the inverse of network utilization. The question then becomes, how do me measure network utilization? In order to design, measure and assess the performance of a WLAN, we need to understand the key metrics that define WLAN health. In wired and wireless networks alike the key metrics are bandwidth (more precisely 'throughput', which I'll use from here on out) and latency. If you'll recall from my earlier post, throughput is really a function of serialization delay, while latency is a function of both geographic delay and contention delay. For the purposes of discussing latency in the remainder of this article, I'll limit my working definition to contention delay at the access layer since most Wi-Fi travels over distances of only a few tens of meters with RF signals travelling near the speed of light, which renders geographic delay negligible. However there is a key difference between wired and wireless networks that must be considered. In wired networks both throughput and latency correspond directly to link utilization; a wired link operates at full-duplex and with a single fixed speed, which allows for predictability and a direct correlation between throughput and latency with link utilization. Therefore, on wired networks we use throughput and latency metrics to directly assess the health of a network. Throughput vs Utilization.png In wireless networks, the underlying link is half-duplex and operates with a variable link data rate depending on the combination of AP capabilities, client capabilities, and environmental factors such as RSSI, SNR, and multipath. Therefore, there is no direct correlation between throughput and link utilization. For example, take three different clients that all need to consume the same 10 Mbps throughput: a high-end laptop may result in 4% airtime utilization, a tablet 10% airtime utilization, and a smartphone 25% airtime utilization (these are example figures only and should not be used for planning purposes). Clearly throughput is not a good measure of WLAN utilization or health. The unique mix of clients and applications on a network determine the airtime utilization on the network and the resulting throughput performance and access latency of the WLAN. WLAN professionals must focus on the underlying airtime utilization in order to assess network utilization, available capacity and wireless network health. Airtime utilization is the key metric to measure and assess WLAN health Client Mix.png Airtime utilization (or channel utilization) is influenced by two main factors: external RF interference (non-Wi-Fi energy) and medium contention (Wi-Fi transmissions). External RF interference is fairly straightforward; energy above the CCA ED threshold (Clear Channel Assessment, Energy Detection) causes Wi-Fi stations to sense the medium as busy and defer transmission, thus consuming available airtime from the Wi-Fi station's perspective. Additionally, energy below the CCA ED threshold can raise the noise floor and reduce the SNR for Wi-Fi stations, resulting in the use of lower data rates and possibly higher retransmission rates. Medium contention requires a bit more definition, as the topic is more nuanced and requires greater focus to successfully plan and design a WLAN. We can classify sources of 802.11 medium contention into two major categories. If there are two limits we need to be aware about in Wi-Fi, it's these two! 1. Airtime Demand – the airtime demanded by stations within an individual AP radio cell. 2. Co-Channel Interference (CCI) – the airtime utilization that results from Wi-Fi contention across all stations (APs and clients) on the same frequency or channel across multiple AP radio cells. The two result in fundamentally the same effect but are approached differently within the WLAN design process. Airtime demand is addressed through capacity planning while CCI is addressed through coverage planning. Airtime Demand The first major source of medium contention is the airtime demand within a single AP radio cell. Simply put, this is the amount of airtime required by all clients of varying capabilities running a variety of applications, which are connected to a single AP radio. Many Wi-Fi professionals and novices alike fall into the trap of guessing the number of clients a single AP should be designed to support, or even worse deciding how many APs are required based on square feet / meters using a rule-of-thumb. These outdated methods for WLAN design have resulted in capacity forecasts that do not accurately reflect the capacity demand and intended use-case(s) for the WLAN. Often WLANs are deployed with too few access points by following an outdated coverage-oriented design methodology, or with too many access points because capacity planning has not been performed, the capacity planning methodology used is inaccurate, or the false notion that simply deploying more APs will result in more capacity. WLAN capacity is heavily dictated by the interaction between the infrastructure and client devices, with the capabilities of each directly shaping the performance of a network reliant on shared airtime. No two WLANs are alike due to the unique mix of access points and the myriad of different client device types. Therefore, the measure of WLAN capacity is determining the airtime demand of all stations on the WLAN based on their quantities, capabilities, and intended use (application requirements, user and/or device behavior). From these measurements, coupled with other environmental characteristics, we can derive a capacity forecast, which describes the number of Wi-Fi radios operating on non-overlapping channels (to minimize CCI) in the same physical area that are required to meet the throughput requirements of all client devices. Airtime Utilization Equation.png The airtime demand placed on the WLAN by each individual client device is determined by taking the application throughput divided by a realistic device throughput capability. Care must be taken to use realistic device throughput capability figures that devices will actually experience throughout the WLAN; avoid using the peak throughput under a best-case scenario. The airtime demand is then summed for all concurrent client devices on the WLAN and distributed between frequency bands to determine the correct quantity of APs and radios to deploy. This provides a forecast of the capacity required on the WLAN. The key to the capacity forecast is reducing medium contention between client devices by segmenting them into small enough groups operating on non-overlapping channels so that each client can achieve the required application throughput level for an optimal user experience. As depicted in the graphic below, the goal is to find the correct number of AP radios that will segment users into different collision domains rather than overloading AP radios. The breakout or ratio of 5 GHz to 2.4 GHz radios is of critical importance as well, since the 5 GHz bands offer significantly more channels and capacity. Airtime Demand in a Cell.png Capacity planning should result in the optimal number of APs to serve all users without overloading APs. Co-Channel Interference (CCI) The second major source of contention is co-channel interference (CCI). Since radio communications are unbounded, receivers must attempt to distinguish the desired incoming signal from all other energy. When multiple transmissions exist at the same time on the same frequency it complicates the ability for receiving stations to accurately determine the correct signal to sync its circuitry to and receive. Therefore, to prevent frame loss in such situations, most wireless based systems operate in either a half-duplex (example: Wi-Fi) or simplex (example: FDD) mode. For Wi-Fi, this means that stations must defer transmission if they detect an existing Wi-Fi transmission in progress on the frequency. Co-channel Interference (CCI) results from the need to re-use the same radio frequencies (channels) within a multi-AP WLAN deployment due to the limited spectrum resources that we have to work with. It also results from neighboring WLANs that are within range of one another and using overlapping frequencies due to lack of coordination or limited spectrum resources. When CCI is present, multiple AP radios have overlapping coverage areas and cause Wi-Fi stations to defer transmissions across AP boundaries. In this manner, a transmission in one AP cell causes deferral in an adjacent AP cell. The result is that the two AP cells share available airtime and capacity to a large degree. It is critical to understand how to design WLANs to minimize CCI. To do this effectively, we must know what the RSSI threshold is where a Wi-Fi station can properly recognize, sync, and decode a frame preamble and PLCP header (physical layer header). Unfortunately this varies between chipsets and device design. Generically, frame PLCP headers can be decoded at the Receive (Rx) Sensitivity level of the Wi-Fi device at the data rate used to encode the preamble. PLCP headers are hard-coded at low data rates based on the PHY specifications as follows: • 802.11b with Long Preambles = 1 Mbps • 802.11b with Short Preambles = 2 Mbps • 802.11a/g/n/ac (OFDM) = 6 Mbps The Rx Sensitivity level for many chipsets at these data rates can be very low, in the -90 to -99 dBm range (sometimes even lower for access points). This can result in CCI being detected from very distant transmissions, causing deferral and loss of airtime and capacity. Some Wi-Fi devices, mainly APs, also have artificial CCA carrier sense thresholds that can be configured to ignore transmissions below a defined signal level that is higher than the Rx Sensitivity of the device, reducing the negative effects of CCI from distant transmitters. Savvy readers may be asking, "why don't they just design the device with a lower Rx Sensitivity in the first place?" The answer is because better Rx Sensitivity improves the reception of frames at all data rates, including higher data rates, improving rate over range across the board. Improved Rx Sensitivity is generally a good thing and improves performance. The IEEE 802.11-2012 standard also defines a signal threshold for CCA carrier sense and deferral, which is -82 dBm for OFDM PHYs (802.11a/g/n/ac). This level is also a common artificial threshold in APs. Therefore, WLAN professionals commonly design WLANs to minimize CCI using a cell boundary of -82 dBm. It is important to understand just how far an RF signal travels beyond the desired association coverage area (e.g. -66 dBm). The graphic below helps visualize this distance, which is the result of the inverse square law, which states that every doubling of distance in free space results in 1/4th received signal strength, or -6 dB. The practical effect is that CCI can very well cause CCA deferral, shared airtime and shared capacity up to 8x the distance from the AP as the desired client association range! Graphic courtesy of the Aruba Networks VHD VRD Theory Guide The lack of CCI mitigation is one of the major sources of reduced capacity on modern Wi-Fi networks. Often times network architects recognize the need for greater capacity but fail to take into account the negative effects of co-channel interference (CCI) that actually reduces capacity. It is critical to plan for the proper AP quantity, AP placement, antennas, AP channel width and use of DFS channels (affecting the number of channels available for frequency reuse), association coverage threshold, AP overlap for roaming, frequency reuse, and CCI boundaries when designing a WLAN. By installing too many APs or by inadequately implementing a frequency re-use plan, CCI will increase and actual capacity on the WLAN will decrease due to increased overhead from management and control traffic. Additionally, capacity decreases even further because more clients are drawn to connect to APs on the frequency due to higher average RSSI / SNR across a larger coverage area, which brings more stations competing for the shared airtime of the channel. As part of the design process, disabling radios is a tactic that should be considered when appropriate to minimize CCI, especially in the 2.4 GHz band and the de-facto standard of dual-radio APs with fixed frequency bands. The Breaking Point Since airtime utilization is the key metric that determines WLAN health, we need to know the breaking point where the amount of airtime utilization results in degraded application performance and user experience. The breaking point varies but is based on application latency requirements and the underlying mechanics of WMM contention handling for different QoS queues. Latency is heavily dependent upon the number of collisions and retransmissions it takes to successfully deliver a frame over the air. Airtime Utilization Thresholds.png Network utilization and retransmissions per-frame for each EDCA Access Category (Source: Comsis) When designing a WLAN, identify which set of applications are in-use on the network and thus which airtime utilization breaking point is applicable: • Data applications are more tolerant of frame retransmissions since they do not require real-time interaction. The WMM best effort queue is where most data applications are handled, which has a large initial contention window size, accommodating more concurrent users and higher airtime utilization before retransmissions and degraded performance begin to appear. 80% airtime utilization is a good threshold to use for WLANs that only support data applications. • Real-time applications like voice and non-buffered or interactive video have more stringent latency requirements. The WMM voice and video queues handle these traffic types and have much smaller initial contention window sizes than the best effort queue, resulting in a lower airtime utilization threshold before user transmissions begin colliding resulting in retransmissions, latency spikes, and degraded application performance. 35% airtime utilization is a good threshold to use when the WLAN only supports voice and video applications, which is rare. More commonly, WLANs with voice support a mix of voice and data applications, described next. • Mixed networks support both voice and data applications. Therefore, the airtime utilization threshold to use is a blend of the best effort, voice, and video queues. 50% airtime utilization is a good threshold to use for mixed-use WLANs. Integration Into WLAN Design WLAN design should be approached with an emphasis on developing a balanced design, providing appropriate levels of coverage and capacity. A balanced design attempts to provide adequate capacity to meet growing demand while not over-building the WLAN and incurring excessive cost. This approach requires careful analysis of capacity requirements in order to determine the appropriate number of APs to meet current and future demand. Frequency re-use is of critical importance during RF planning in order to ensure that AP density required can be implemented successfully without causing significant co-channel interference (CCI). A balanced design is appropriate for most modern WLANs, which face increasing device density and business reliance on the WLAN, but must be mindful of budgetary constraints and return on investment. Proper capacity planning must be coupled with RF coverage planning to determine the correct amount of APs for a WLAN as well as how it should be implemented within a given physical space using correct AP placement, antenna selection, coverage patterns, and frequency re-use. Planning for RF coverage and WLAN capacity require different methods of forecasting and measurement, while at the same time being tied together in a coherent fashion to achieve a successful outcome. Both coverage and capacity requirements should be forecasted as part of the WLAN design process and merged together to provide a final WLAN design. Network architects should not rely solely on either coverage planning or capacity planning to design WLANs, but use both processes together. Iterative Approach to WLAN Planning.png In some environments, capacity requirements will dictate more access points (on non-overlapping channels) than would be required based purely on RF coverage requirements. In other environments, the opposite may be true. And in high-density environments, the per-user performance may be restricted due to RF spectrum and CCI limitations. It is recommended that network architects perform WLAN capacity and coverage planning in parallel and in an iterative process, balancing the requirements of both before deciding on a final design. Additional Resources I recently conducted a webinar with Aruba Networks titled "Great Wi-Fi Starts with Proper Design" where I covered the 7 C's of WLAN design, describing the key steps for success from start to finish. I presented at WLPC 2015 on "WLAN Capacity Planning: From Concept to Practice" where I covered the iterative design process between capacity planning and coverage planning in depth. I also walk through a real-world example to bring the methodology to life in a tangible way. I have also released a free tool, the Revolution Wi-Fi Capacity Planner ©, which is a predictive tool to aid in the capacity planning phase of WLAN design. The tool is also accompanied by a user guide, which details the theory and methodology used. Both are bundled together when downloaded. Be sure to check out other videos I have posted regarding WLAN capacity planning. Closing Thought Wi-Fi is a complex technology and the only way to get better is to put in the effort through learning and experience. So get out there and push yourself to the limit! (Cue adapted Scarface Theme, verse 2) Welcome to the limit (The limit) Take it maybe one step more The bandwidth hungry clients still comin' so You better learn it Push it to the limit (The limit) With no one left but you in your way You might get careless, but your WLAN's never safe While you still maintain it Welcome to the limit (The limit) Standing on the perimeter edge Don't look down just keep your head And you'll be finished Andrew von Nagy
Trust and love represent two positive emotional attributes of the human relationship to the external world. Although they can be interconnected with one another, they are always distinct from one another. Trust refers to the positive connection of a person to either himself, other persons, an animal or else some external world phenomenon or entity that is brought about by how well grounded in the external world the person himself is or the other people, animal, phenomenon or entity are. Good grounding usually means that the persons, animal, phenomenon or entity are reliable, dependable, and predictable in their behavior. If the behavior is reliable, dependable and predictable, that means that the person, animal, phenomenon or entity is not as likely to surprise the original person with one or more disruptive actions. In other words, the behavior resolves into a series of defined discrete states of being and processes for which the original person can prepare most of the time. Trust is an important component of traditional marriage. A person likes to think that his partner is not going to commit adultery. Trust is also an important component of a business relationship. A person likes to think that someone with whom he is doing business is not going to cheat on him and wrongfully take his money. People are less likely to commit untrustworthy actions if they are grounded both in the external world as well as within themselves. And, of course, such grounding is going to be more readily available in a traditional natural environment. Now I know it sounds crazy to impute the presence of certain emotional attitudes to the availability of certain external world environments. But a traditional natural environment acts as a good template for positive organic interactions to occur between a person and other parts and aspects of the living environment. Nevertheless, some might say that external world environments have unsettling events such as earthquakes, hurricanes, wildfires, droughts, floods, epidemics, attacks by wild animals, etc. Yet usually, if a person has been well-grounded in his external world living environment, he can get through these natural catastrophes, that threaten to undifferentiate him as a defined discrete human entity and swallow him up. Whereas when physical catastrophes of any sort occur to a person in a modern technological living environment - in an experiential vacuum with very weak or no meaningful grounding - that person is much more likely to experience post traumatic stress syndrome. One of the most salient features that can appear in a person with PTSD is the loss of trust that things are going to proceed as they normally do in the external world. Also, there can be a loss of confidence in oneself as a capable functioning human being. This can lead a person to withdraw from many of his normal activities in the external world. And paranoia can occur, so one can become suspicious of the motives of others. Catastrophes reverberate as human experiences in a vacuum. Whereas, in a traditional natural living environment, there are usually enough positive organic stimuli to help him to weather most catastrophic events. While trust focuses on the need for grounding in a living environment, both of a particular person and that which surrounds him, love focuses, in addition, on the need for bonding. With trust, the emphasis on human connection is created by the template of good grounding, while with love, along with a base of grounding, there is a focus on the direct connection of human emotional bonding. For solid love to occur there has to be a foundation of trust. Whereas trust does not require the presence of love in order to create a meaningful human relationship. Trust by itself is a more mediated experience. The introduction of love into a relationship generates a more immediate experience. Again, love, as a connection between people, functions best with the template of a lot of organic stimuli in a more traditional natural environment. Love as a form of human bonding becomes to some extent hollowed out in the experiential vacuum of modern technological society. People tend to be just too numb today to be able to feel intense positive emotions the way they used to. Frequently, when they make the effort to have such feelings, people experience them as overwhelming and overstimulating. Such feelings can simply just swallow them up. Plus, without much grounding, people bounce around more, engaging in unpredictable behavior which can damage or entirely destroy the love bonds between people. The same can be said for relationships between humans and animals. Regarding relationships with inanimate phenomena and entities, people can be turned on and off by many of the products and services that they purchase today. A good case in point is the fast fashion clothing that was discussed in a previous article. In other words, positive relationships with other people, animals, products and services today all tend to be much more disposable than they were in the past. Even love and confidence in oneself tends to be more disposable, which is why there is such an epidemic of self-destructive behavior in modern times. Today is simply not the best time in human history for foundational relationships built on trust and love. Deja tu Comentario Artículo anteriorDestacan cineastas judeo-mexicanos en las nominaciones al Ariel 2021 Artículo siguiente20 tendencias para el regreso a clases
A Full Guide On How To Handle Anger In Any Life Situation how to handle angerNo matter how calm and peaceful you feel, we all have moments of anger. Of course, this is not always a bad thing. Sometimes, anger is a normal reaction to a situation. You were hurt, let down, disrespected, or you weren’t heard or acknowledged. Maybe you were passed over for a promotion or blamed for something you didn’t do. However, often this anger (justified or not) comes back to haunt you. It sucks, and it can make you bitter or disempowered or vindictive. This is especially true when you don’t know how to deal with it. Because, unfortunately, we don’t live in a society that encourages healthy, safe displays of anger. You either see people blowing their tops or bottling it up. Therefore, read on if you are interested in learning more about why anger can be so problematic and how to deal with it in the most efficient and healthy ways. What are the three main effects of anger? 1: Anger has a negative effect on your mood No matter how well you can control your anger, there is a chance that it will have a negative effect on you. Have you ever been so angry that you couldn’t shake the feeling? The longer you struggle with your anger, the higher the chance that every little thing will trigger it. Harboring anger will also make you more vulnerable to losing focus. It is hard to focus on tasks and goals when you are consumed by anger. Did you ever try to get some work done when you were boiling with rage? It’s not easy. 2: Anger negatively affects your health Anger can even physically affect you in the form of headaches, chest pains, and increase your cortisol (stress hormone). When your anger leads to stress, it can be hard to control. You will be more likely to perceive benign actions as threats. This triggers more anger, which again triggers more stress. You will be trapped in an emotional cycle that is hard to break. Anger has even been shown to affect our healing! According to a study from Ohio State University, people who can’t control their anger tended to heal more slowly. Another study from Harvard showed that high rates of anger lead to breathing problems and higher rates of decline as they aged. 3: Anger has a negative effect on others There are few things more unpleasant and uncomfortable than being around an angry person. Even if other people are not the target of your anger, you will probably still be small or hostile towards them. Have you ever attacked someone without (or with little) reason? If so, your anger will hurt the people around you. Anger is not a valve that we can simply turn off, but it is something that we can manage. If your anger is harming you, then it is time for you to sit down and think about how you can handle it. What are the four types of anger and how to manage each? You may not realize it, but there are different types of anger. The cliché of an angry person is that someone blows themselves up, maybe gets out of control, even violent. But it is essential to be able to recognize what kind of anger you are dealing with and how you deal with it. Experts have identified the most common types of anger. See how many you recognize. what are the 4 types of anger1. The volcano This is the most easily recognized anger. It’s volcanic and explodes over everywhere. Irritation and frustration build up until there’s one thing that tips you over the edge. It’s scary, hurtful, and potentially damaging as this type of anger can lead you to say something in the moment that you regret later. Solution: Count to ten, allow the moment of fury to pass, and you’re likely to react at a much lower level. Don’t be afraid to say (not shout) how you feel. It’s okay to say, “I’m feeling really upset about…” 2. Self-blame Particularly if you’re a woman, you may have been ‘trained’ to hold your anger in and take the blame upon yourself. The bad news is that this is a very damaging and corrosive behavior and erodes your self-esteem fast. You set yourself up for powerlessness and even depression. Solution: When you catch yourself sliding into self-blame, turn it around and question that assumption. Who said it was your fault? It probably doesn’t need to be anyone’s fault at all. Bolster your self-esteem and get help if you need to. 3. Denial People can usually pick up when you’re angry, so saying you’re fine isn’t going to cut it. This is another type common among women who are not encouraged to express negative emotions like anger. Instead, you bury the negative feelings, and they fester and come out in other ways. Solution: Forget being nice. Learn to identify when you’re angry and safe ways for you to express it. You are allowed to say something is not okay. 4. Sarcasm Sarcasm and its close relation, passive aggression, are toxic and another way of avoiding owning and communicating your true feelings. Sarcastic remarks and gaslighting are destructive to relationships and can entrench a bitter, cynical world view in your soul. Solution: Permit yourself to be openly angry, be honest, and straightforward about how you feel. You don’t need to cloak your feelings in clever digs or superior cutting remarks. Turn that aggression into calm assertiveness and take control of your anger to get what you need. Three steps to controlling your anger triggers Step 1 – Take control Step 2 – Learn to read your body Step 3 – Identify what triggered you How to handle anger in a healthy way? how to deal with angerNot all anger is the same. Did you know that there are healthy and unhealthy ways to manage your anger? Sometimes it’s good and right to get mad at something. Positive change can come from being angry at injustice or inequality. Righteous or justified anger from being mistreated can be an excellent motivator for change. But if you’ve had bad experiences of anger, say lousy role models in your childhood, you might only see anger as destructive and scary. But learning anger management so you can be in control of angry feelings can have a positive effect on your relationships. Here are some expert strategies to help you manage your anger. Know what you’re dealing with Understanding why you’re angry and where it’s coming from is vital. Maybe you’re stressed and grumpy, fatigued, or unwell. Or perhaps the reason for your anger is apparent. Once you understand your anger and its sources, you can start to deal with it. Often the incident that triggered your anger is only superficial. The real reason you are angry is that you are buried under it and waiting for a trigger. Perhaps a random comment or an inappropriate joke reminds you of an incident from your childhood or how your ex treated you. All that primal pain and anger is rising in the present. The good news is that it came up to be processed. Pause and breathe Before you react with angry words, simply count to ten. Practice your mindful breathing and consciously let go of the angry feelings. Tell yourself that you will not give energy to this anger. Keep doing this until the intense sensations subside. Write it down Writing down why you’re angry is very powerful. It takes all those angry and irritated thoughts out of your head and into the world where you can handle them. Chances are they might not even seem so significant or insurmountable. You might even begin to see patterns, so you can understand what triggers your angry feelings. Just write whatever comes into your head, even if it doesn’t make sense. You can also write a letter to the person who hurt you. Scream on paper, curse them, tell them exactly what you think. Write until you cry; write until everything is out. Then you can tear it up, burn it, trample on it or press the delete button. Take some action (or delay action) Once you know what’s making you angry, you can plan workarounds for it. Be aware of your triggers and minimize them. That can mean making sure you eat properly to avoid blood sugar crises, get enough sleep, and exercise and take time out for self-care. While it is legitimate that what has made you angry deserves some kind of action in response, what you should avoid at all costs is irrational, hasty action. That way, mistakes, overreactions, and possible relationship damage are avoided. Remember that you are not your feelings. The situation will still be there when you have calmed down enough to deal with it in a thoughtful, appropriate way. Don’t brood Brooding on the cause of your anger is actively unhelpful. It keeps you stuck in those negative feelings, keeps you stuck in victim mode, and keeps you powerless. Brooding is also bad for your blood pressure and keeps you stewing in adrenaline and cortisol, the fight or flight stress hormones which are excellent in an emergency by not so great to have all the time. Don’t rehash your anger Talking over your problems can be helpful if you share it with a trusted friend. But be careful to keep it focused, or you might end up rehashing your troubles over and over again. Like brooding, complaining can keep you from moving forward and finding solutions to your problems. 6 steps to use mindfulness to control your anger You’ve probably heard of mindfulness. Maybe you are even following regular mindfulness practices. But did you know that you can use mindfulness to control your anger? Mindfulness experts have identified several key steps you can take to control and manage your negative emotions. 1. Observe your body’s signals When you’re angry, your body is sending out all sorts of messages from rapid heartbeat to clenched jaw, stomach, and hands muscles. Your breathing may become light and shallow. You’re ready to fight or flight. 2. Use your breath Breathe into your body’s anger reactions. Close your eyes, focus on the breath going right down into your belly and out again. Count as many breaths as you need to defuse your anger. 3. Connect with your body Stay aware of how your body is feeling. Scan your body to see how the anger reactions are manifesting and subsiding. What does your anger feel like? Don’t judge, just observe and be kind to yourself. 4. Look at your mind monkeys When your angry dozens of little mad monkey thoughts are running around your brain like naughty kids yelling things like “It’s not fair,” “It’s not my fault,” even curse words. Notice your angry self-talk and how it runs in circles. Try to detach from the thoughts if you can. 5. Step away Separate yourself from the thoughts, feelings, and bodily reactions of anger. They are reactions, and they are not you. 6. Reach out Once you have detached from your reactions, you can communicate with the person you’re angry with. Keep the focus on how you feel, make “I” statements, and avoid blaming. Stay calm and keep your voice low pitched. Keep your awareness on your reactions in case the anger rises up again. Tips on handling anger by taking time-outs One of the most effective techniques for dealing with anger is to remove yourself from the situation. Taking some time out will give you space to let the anger subside and for you to regain control. It is an excellent way of defusing a tense situation, so you can come back later and try to resolve the problem. Take the following steps to build time-out in your anger management plan. 1. Plan ahead If you have trouble managing your anger response, the best thing you can do is plan ahead, so you know what to do when you recognize those feelings rising up inside. Think of where you would go and if you want anyone with you to help you. Include your favorite calming down techniques like walking, or deep breathing. 2. Have a time-out script Work out beforehand exactly what you want to say when you need to take a time-out. Don’t use blaming words, which will add fuel to the fire. Just say something like, “I’m starting to feel upset. I need a break and calm down.” Make sure the other person knows you will come back when you’re calm to resolve the situation. Make sure you keep it together long enough to deliver your lines. Keep breathing and in control. This is about managing your anger safely. 3. Go into time-out mode Time-out isn’t about brooding or getting razzed up for a fight. It’s to give you some safe space to calm down. Use your favorite mindfulness techniques to bring down your emotional temperature. Have a glass of water or a healthy snack if you missed lunch; or practice mindful calming breathing. 4. Go back Your time-out session is literally about buying you time to be able to deal constructively with a conflict situation. Complete the circle by going back and thanking the other person for their understanding and patience. If it’s appropriate, you can work on resolving the situation now or making a time to do so. Time-out is not THE answer for dealing with anger, but it is a very useful tool to have as part of your anger management strategy. If you decide it’s a good tool for you, talk it through with your boss and your colleagues, maybe your friends and family so they know what’s going o and support you. They will probably be delighted to help you and respect you for your commitment to do better. How to handle anger in your romantic relationships? It’s normal to get angry, irritated, or frustrated, especially with those you love most. It’s okay to have these emotions, but part of being an adult is learning how to manage negative feelings constructively. And learning to deal with anger is one of the best things you can do for your relationship. Here are three tips for handling anger with your partner. 1. Don’t clam up Clamming up is one of the worst things you can do when you’re angry. Whatever else you do, please don’t give your partner the silent treatment. It is destructive and punitive. Your partner will feel hurt and rejected, and it will take a lot more work to try and resolve whatever the problem is. If you’re the one getting the silent treatment, try not to react or get too anxious. The more you push, or question, the more your partner will retreat. Let them know you’re there for them and waiting to talk when they’re ready. Then give them space. 2. Stay with your own feelings When you’re in an angry situation, try to keep your focus on managing your own feelings, not your partner’s. You can’t control other people’s emotions, but you can try to stay as calm as possible and not react to whatever they are saying or doing. Take a few deep breaths and think before you act. Hold your tongue. Don’t send that text. Stay in the present and don’t dredge up past hurts or mistakes. If the words ‘you always’ or ‘you never’ rise up in your throat, don’t say them! They are likely only to inflame things further. 3. Don’t triangulate If you’re mad with your partner, it can be tempting to complain about them to a third person, creating what psychologists called triangulation. Such an emotional triangle is destructive of relationships and can stop you from trying to resolve the original problem as you get stuck in a good guy/bad guy story. Unless you’re asking for help or are in an unsafe relationship, it’s never a good idea to talk badly of your partner behind their back. How to handle anger at work? It can be tricky to work out how to handle anger in the workplace. After all, it’s the place where you’re supposed to be professional and on top of things, right? And there is nothing less on top of things than losing your temper. But anger is a natural human emotion. We all feel anger from time to time. So how can you stay in control and manage your anger when you’re at work? 1. Step out of the situation Whatever is happening, the first thing to do to avoid a blow-up is to remove yourself from the situation. If you can feel your anger rising, stay calm, and excuse yourself. You don’t need to explain. Just say you need to step out so you can calm down and come back to help find a solution to the problem. 2. Do something completely different When you’re angry, you can’t think straight, and you’re in no state to start finding solutions. Go and do something completely different to take your mind off the situation. Take a walk, grab a coffee, or make an early lunch break. Or practice deep, slow breathing to get your heart rate down and more oxygen into your body. 3. Rewrite your mental script When you’re angry, you’re likely to have words like unfair, always, never, ruined, or failure going through your mind at top speed. You’ll be thinking irrationally and not able to be objective or logical about the situation. Try acknowledging those negative thoughts and then switching them up with positive ones like, “I’m upset now, but it will be okay,” or “I can find a solution to this.” 4. Don’t blame the other guy Chances are the person who upset you had no intention of disrespecting you or hurting your feelings. Most of the time, people do upsetting things unconsciously or carelessly; it’s rarely malicious. The person who didn’t put more paper in the copier could have been in a hurry or didn’t see the warning light go on. The guy who hasn’t called you back might be sick or hadn’t gotten your message. Before you lose your cool, count to ten and cut the other guy some slack. 5. Talk about it when you’re not mad If you have a problem with someone in your professional life, it’s best to talk about it. Wait until you’re calm and can talk without getting upset. Use low key language to explain how their behavior makes you feel and what you need. Keep the focus on the effect on you and avoid blaming language. Tips for helping your child handle their anger One of the best things you can teach your child is how to manage their anger safely. It’s an essential aspect of developing emotional intelligence and one that will stand them in good stead throughout their life. As children’s brains develop, they gradually gain more control over their emotions, and they will learn patterns of behavior, including positive anger management. Here are some tips on helping them learn to manage their anger. 1. Model the behavior you want to see Your kids will take their cue from their parents. You can choose to teach them impatient, explosive ways of dealing with anger. Or you can show them how to manage conflict honestly and openly. 2. Stay calm Yelling at an angry child to stop will just make things worse by adding more angry emotions to the mix. As a parent, your job is to stay calm and restore calm. Create some space so that the situation can be resolved. 3. Acknowledge the bad feelings You need to acknowledge that your child is angry and upset and that those feelings are okay. Encourage your child to tell you why they’re upset. Don’t put a lid on those emotions. Talking allows the feelings to come out as words instead of screaming or hitting and helps to defuse the anger. 4. Give your child skills helping your child handle their angerYou need to show your child how they can manage their angry feelings in the moment. Have a list of safe ways to be mad on the fridge or pantry door. Work on it together when everyone is calm, so there is shared ownership of the actions. Some actions include dancing or stamping their feet or clapping their hands. They can give themselves a hug to stop the hitting impulse. Older children can write down or draw what they’re feeling. Make sure you notice when your child is using one of these techniques. Notice and acknowledge their feelings and praise them for constructively managing their anger. 5. Set boundaries Acknowledging anger is one thing, but children need to know that it’s not okay to act on their anger in destructive or hurtful ways. Tell your angry kid that you see their anger, but they are not allowed to hurt. 6. Stay with your angry child Don’t send your kids to time out or to their room to calm down. The upset child needs to feel safe and accepted and loved. They need to know that bad or uncomfortable feelings don’t break the parent/child bond. Whatever happens to end any conflict with a hug and reassurance. Anger is powerful, and it can make you feel terrible. But anger is part of your life and you won’t be able to avoid being angry sometimes. However, if you squash your anger down, it doesn’t go away—it sits there and eats away at you. But there are some efficient and healthy ways to take control of the various situations in your life where you experience anger, so you’re not vulnerable to anger and frustration. Leave a Reply
Notes on Colour complementary colours Complementary colours If you stare fixedly at a bright light and then close yours eyes, you’ll see an afterimage in the complementary colour (provided you don’t have a colour vision deficiency). This could be used as a definition of complementary, because the meaning depends on a viewer’s perception—it doesn’t depend on the technicalities of computer displays or the technicalities of mixing oil paints. Unfortunately, this definition would be quite impractical. Two colours are complementary if they produce a mid grey when they’re mixed in equal quantities. The proper mixing can be achieved by applying each colour to half a circular disc, then spinning the disc very rapidly. In this way the mixing occurs in the human eye. Another valid method of mixing the colours is to make a fine grid in which the colours alternate. Mixing the colours on a paint palette is not a useful guide because all the strange variations and the diversity of pigment technologies have nothing to do with a viewer’s perception of the original colours. Look closely at the central square in the illustration on this webpage; the computer has been instructed to draw a very fine check pattern—a finer version of the other patterns. Stand back enough and your eye will blend the dots into a uniform square. If this square is a mid grey like the background on these webpages, then the two colours are complementary (or approximately so, depending on the accuracy of the adjustments of your computer monitor). Don’t stare at the illustration for too long or the afterimages of the squares will start to affect your perception of the colours. This is what can happens when you stare at a pointillist painting or a work of op art.
People are learning neurosurgery in VR and being graded by AI What happens when you cross AI and VR? Sorry, but you get a riddle that doesn’t have a joke at the end. Actually what you get is NeuroVR. A surgical simulator and assessment platform all bundled into one. It’s a model poised to greatly impact education. NeuroVR isn’t an anomaly. It signals the beginning of virtual mentors that will be ubiquitous in society. AI will soon be mentoring all types of skilled professionals. After all, this isn’t rocket science… It’s neurosurgery, with NeuroVR Developed by CAE, NeuroVR is a virtual reality surgical simulator. VR simulates the operating room while algorithms make assessments. Researchers recruited fifty participants from four stages of neurosurgical training; neurosurgeons, fellows and senior residents, junior residents, and medical students. The participants performed 250 complex tumor resections using NeuroVR. Using the raw data, the machine learning algorithm developed performance measures such as instrument position and force applied, as well as outcomes such as amount of tumor removed and blood loss, which could predict the level of expertise of each participant with 90% accuracy. As reported in the Journal of the American Medical Association, the findings show that the fusion of artificial intelligence and virtual reality neurosurgical simulators can accurately and efficiently assess the performance of surgeon trainees. While NeuroVR isn’t directly teaching anyone yet. It’s not hard to imagine the evolution of this assessment platform. Ideally, NeuroVR frees up a lot of time that human mentors normally spend working with trainees. In a way, NeuroVR reminds me a lot of flight simulators – a technology that has been assessing the skills of pilots for decades. Personally, I find it quite inspiring that the metaverse is being used as a training ground for professionals. And it makes me wonder who else might benefit from virtual mentors. Virtual Mentors I think trade schools could benefit from virtual mentors and VR applications for learning. An unprecedented skilled labor shortage exists… Skilled trades (electricians, carpenters, welders, bricklayers, plasterers, plumbers, masons and more) have maintained the No. 1 position in vacancies from 2010 to the present. Brenda Richardson, The Washington Post A shortage of tradesmen combined with most trade’s relatively automation-proof status means that we need to train more human tradesmen. Mentorship in VR might add a little bit of splash and excitement to learning a trade. Who knows, maybe kids will put down Fortnite and pick up a plumbing wrench in VR. Wow, now I sound like my grandpa. Also, I don’t think virtual mentors need to be limited to hands-on jobs. Corporate trainees could benefit from a virtual mentor. For instance, a company called Talespin created a VR application where managers can practice firing employees. Their VR characters react to your message accordingly, helping you learn the soft skill of letting someone go. Ideally, other corporate virtual mentors could be created to assess one’s interpersonal communication skills in the corporate setting. It sounds laughable, but everyone knows how frustrating office etiquette and politics is. Is This Necessary? Culturally, what does it mean to have an algorithm assess our abilities? Traditionally, these mentorship or coaching roles are great for older professionals. They’ve operated in their field for 30-35 years and the final 5-10 years they’re in an advisory position – coaching the next cohort of professionals. Are we taking that role and that joy away from them? I’d say in the past generation or two, we’ve decreased the emphasis on looking toward our elders for experience. Not because we don’t trust them. But because the landscapes and our knowledge is changing. Industry seems to be evolving faster than ever. This means that using AI-powered coaches and virtual mentors may be better suited to adapting rapidly to what needs to be taught.
Academic Journals Database Disseminating quality controlled scientific knowledge Water use in the tropics and subtropics and human health Author(s): Manoel Gonçalves Rodrigues \| Josimar Ribeiro de Almeida \| Jackeline Maria Cardoso de França Bahé Journal: Scire Salutis ISSN 2236-9600 Volume: 1; Issue: 1; Start page: 41; Date: 2011; Original page Keywords: Water \| Human Health \| Tropics and Subtropics Regions The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the environmental degradation and its effects in the human health particularly related to the use of water of the tropics and subtropics areas on Earth. In this conception towards a healthy society a continuous investing in basic and environmental sanitation is very important and simultaneously less expensive than dealing with illnesses. In order to improve a better and friendly society linked to Sustainable Development with a good population life quality will need to point out a series of services to the community such as treated water supply, collection and disposal of sewers and solid residues. The public politics that efficiently provide investments of financial resources in sanitation, preventively collective health, must be a strategy to achieve the human being quality of living in the XXI century. Tango Jona Tangokurs Rapperswil-Jona RPA Switzerland RPA Switzerland Robotic process automation
Welcome to Outdoor Education Play. Learn. Grow. Areas of Education Ranch camps provide knowledge and real-life experiences to our students interested in knowing more about ranching. While getting to know a variety of farm animals is part of the curriculum, learning how to care for them, fun and not-so-fun activities are included. It should be noted this is a real-world environment rather than a petting-zoo experience. Forestry includes all things forest related. Forests help in maintaining the temperature and oxygen level of the atmosphere. Forests being a huge reserve of plants and trees, they play a significant role in balancing oxygen level in the atmosphere. They are also key in life a we know it. We focus on teaching tree identification as well as forest health and the importance of forests in our lives. Survival skills are important, but fast becoming forgotten skills. You never know when you might find yourself in a real-life survival situation, especially if you spend a lot of time outdoors. At L.O.V.E.S. Outdoor Education, we focus on teaching students how to build shelters, how to find water, how to start a fire, foraging for food, first aid, and situational awareness. Although sustainability is multi-faceted, the reason it’s important is straightforward: We cannot maintain quality of life for ourselves and future generations without it. Sustainability is essential. We can foster it in our ecosystem, our communities, our homes, and our children. We work on gardening, homesteading, reducing waste, reusing, upcycling, and awareness. DIY Projects You Can Do At Home! Snapseed 12.jpg Starfish Icon Starfish Icon Our Mission L.O.V.E.S. Outdoor Education strives to create a student-centered environment in the great outdoors with the mission to provide holistic education to every student through a focus on science, technology, engineering, art, and math in order for all students to meet their own unique potential in a global society. What Parents Think “I was so impressed by the delivery of the instructors and how much my son learned! I never would have thought my boy would be so interested in plants, but now he's looking for places to show off his new found knowledge!" - Jill, Conner's Mom
Apraxia and Autism: What is Apraxia of Speech \| Interview with Tamara Kasper #090: Apraxia and Autism: What is Apraxia of Speech \| Interview with Tamara Kasper Tamara Kasper is a Speech-Language Pathologist as well as a Board Certified Behavior Analyst and an expert on apraxia and autism. Tamara began her career as a speech pathologist, where she worked in a residential facility for children with emotional disturbances. Pretty quickly she became known as someone who worked well with children with problem behavior, so even as she moved on to a pediatric clinic, she continued to work with individuals who struggled with problem behavior. She quickly realized these behaviors were also connected to their autism diagnosis. As her clients struggled to communicate, their behavior got off-track, which caused them to end up in a negative feedback loop. The first time one of Tamara’s clients had a behavior analyst on the team, was an eye-opening experience for her. In three hours, the behavior analyst taught her client with autism more than Tamara had in three months, and she knew that she needed to understand ABA therapy more. Today, Tamara trains other professionals on how to teach children with autism to speak using speech pathology and ABA techniques. Apraxia is a neurological disorder that results in a motor planning deficit which means that kids have difficulty producing and sequencing sounds to form syllables, words, or longer utterances. Apraxia can be more difficult to diagnose in kids with autism, but Tamara argues that it doesn’t matter if apraxia is misdiagnosed. Treating children with autism for apraxia, with an eye on their unique circumstances, can only help them learn to more carefully form sounds and communicate better. Because apraxia is about poor oral skills, we talk about some of the challenges around sippy cups, pacifiers, and bottles, which are often used by parents or teachers to keep a child quiet when they’re struggling to communicate, but which promote poor oral patterns that prevent speech. I’ve met Tamara several times and have listened to her at conferences and I just knew I needed to talk to her about the challenges of helping children with apraxia. She is so generous with her knowledge, and I hope you can learn something new from her today. Tamara Kasper, MS, CCC-SLP, BCBA has practiced for nearly 30 years, specializing in treatment of children with autism. Tamara has devoted her career to identifying and developing effective treatments to promote functional communication and social interaction skills. Under the mentorship of Dr. Vincent Carbone, Tamara became a Board Certified Behavior Analyst. Tamara is a frequently invited international lecturer, directs The Center for Autism Treatment, and received the Wisconsin Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology Clinical Achievement Award. • The steps a child needs to take before you can focus on fine-tuning articulation. • The difference between speech therapy for typically developing children and children with autism, and why it is so incredibly important to understand it. • Why speech pathologists and behavior analysts are more effective when they work together. • How pacifiers, bottles, and sippy cups promote poor oral patterns. Not sure how to write a review? Here’s a video. Transcript for Podcast Episode: 090 Apraxia and Autism: What is Apraxia of Speech? \| Interview with Tamara Kasper Hosted by: Dr. Mary Barbera Mary:You're listening to the Turn Autism Around podcast episode number 90. And today I have a very special guest, Tamara Kasper, who is both a speech and language pathologist for almost 30 years, as well as a board-certified behavior analyst for a number of years as well. Mary:I first came across to Tamara's work when I was at the Carbone Clinic in New York several years ago. And we have some funny stories during this interview. Funny stories about us both sitting up front in the conferences of Dr. Carbone. So I think you'll get a chuckle out of that. Anyway, Tamara has some great information about apraxia and autism. And we also talk about the changes to our practice since COVID. And we also get into a little bit pacifier addiction and reduction. It's just a great interview. I really enjoyed it. So let's get to this interview with Tamara Kasper. Mary:OK, so, Tamara, thanks so much for joining us today. Tamara:I appreciate the opportunity. Mary:Yes, I know we've met several times in the past at ABA conferences and the Penn State conference, I think, and I think you're a wealth of information. So as I started to get a lot more questions about a proxy, you're the first name that came to my head in terms of let's have Tamara on and you go by Tamara or Tami? Tamara:Either one is fine. Actually, my staff calls me TK. Mary:Oh. All right. Well, there's another name for us to try. OK. So first question. Describe your fall into the autism world. Tamara:You know, I always think it's interesting when people talk about what brought them to the autism world and, you know, I started out as a speech pathologist first and my first job at a grad school was working at a residential facility for kids with emotional disturbances. Tamara:And it was actually a really good facility. Before you got to start working there, though, you had to do some kind of orientation. And, you know, here I am, a new grad, you know, thinking I'm gonna wear heels and skirts to my job, you know? And got in the door for the training and found out it was C.P.I training, crisis prevention intervention training. So before he could work at that facility, you had to learn how to kids to stop fighting on your arm or carefully control them when they were out of control. And so it was a good first job for me. It was really a baptism by fire into how to deal with problem behavior. Tamara:And everyone there had a really well-developed behavior intervention plan. They looked at what was happening before the behavior, what was keeping it going. They had a plan for every child and having a plan and knowing what to do and having those plans be successful, even if you aren't in on the design of it, really helps you be comfortable working with kids with problem behavior. And so sort of from that point forward, when I went to any other job, I was considered like the person who could take on like problem behavior, which is interesting. Tamara:So when I moved on and worked at a pediatric clinic, all the kids that came in with a little bit of problem behavior, they were like, oh, Tammy likes those kids. Let's put those kids on Tammy's caseload. And then not surprisingly, many of those infants and toddlers who had problem behavior were later diagnosed with autism because we know that autism is a disorder of communication and social interaction. And if you're not good at being able to communicate what you want and what you don't want, problem behavior works really well to get the things you want coming towards you and the things you don't want moving away from you. Tamara:So it happened that one of the kids on my caseload there who had a diagnosis of autism was one of the first kids in my state to receive services through a Lovas replication site. And I want to tell you, Mary, that the university I went to did not look favorably upon behavior analysis. I was taught that it would make kids robotic, that it was kind of a last resort treatment for kids with severe impairment, et cetera. And so I was like, really? Like these college students are going to work with this very challenging child with autism. Mary:You are a speech pathologist for? Tamara:Yeah, I've been practicing for about six years at that point. So not really very seasoned, but more seasoned than, you know, I'm still paying off my student loans. The task is they're going to work with this boy. I'm like, yeah, let's see. So I actually went to the introductory workshop and by the behavior analyst in the home of that child. And in three hours, he taught that child more than I had taught him in three months. And I said to myself, self, you have got to learn more about behavior analysis. So in addition to being that child's speech language pathologist, I also became one of his behavior therapists working in his home. Tamara:So I did a speech therapy when he came to clinic. In the evenings, I did some of his behavior analytic work, so I could learn from the ground up how they were teaching this child. And through that relationship and other relationships with children with autism who began receiving ABA services, I became a speech and language consultant to Lovaasreplication site, if you can imagine. And I was working there and had just begun doing consultations from multiple clinics because my job was really twofold. I was there. I was working with kids that were struggling to develop speech. I was working with the kids who had functional language but didn't use it socially for social communication and interaction, conversation. Tamara:And so I was going to consult on someone in another state and the therapists there. Her name was Anne said to me, like, have you heard of this guy, Vincent Carphone? Like, he has a different kind of ABA that he's talking about. You have got to see him. And as was intended, he was giving a workshop the very next day in my set in the city I live in. And so I registered. I went. I brought him Krispy Kreme Donuts because she had told me he had talked about Krispy Kreme Donuts and his presentation. Tamara:And I went to see him and I sat in the second row and being the shy, reluctant type that you probably already guessed I am, I like, raise my hand, ask questions. I actually volunteered some information, which I can't believe now that I see stuff. But afterwards he said to me, been said to be Tammy like you've got you've got a lot of questions, you know, why don't you come out to New Jersey next week? Tamara:And I'm doing a parent training. You can come for free and like, just sit in and see what you can learn. Maybe you can figure out some other ways that you can help some of the families you're working with. So basically, I became his groupie and followed him around. And then he agreed to mentor me to be a behavior analyst. And I worked under his tutelage for about five years, traveling all over US and, you know, internationally, giving workshops for him and assisting him with his intro workshop and learning as much as I can and treating kids all over. So that was like such an incredible, incredible opportunity. Tamara:And the minute that I was listened to Vince talk and a lot of people I know have had this aha moment with Vince. I was like, this is the perfect marriage between what I know is important as a speech pathologist, which is working with kids when they're motivated, making sure that they have things they're interested in so that you can teach them. And the precise teaching procedures that kids with autism require in order to learn. And in order to learn relatively quickly. So that was really kind of the big moment for me. I was enthralled by the ABA world, but I had so many questions about why we did things the way we did at that Lovaas treatment center. Tamara:And to be honest, before I became a behavior analyst, actually studied behavior analysis, I had an impression that behavior analysis was sort of a list of treatment strategies or a bucket of strategies that you had that you like pulled out of. I didn't realize how closely and carefully you matched client variables and inventories and repertoires to the teaching procedures, how artful and precise that is and scientific in its analysis. So that was a huge turn on for me, like really learning about the precision with which applied behavior analysis is used as like a treatment, a medical treatment, not some group of strategies. So, yeah. Mary:Wow. So I just want to tie in here. So that was all the 90s and into the early 2000s is kind of the timeline. And you've been in as a speech pathologist for 30 years over, you know, almost 30 years. And you kind of found out about Bebe, around two thousand or two thousand, two or three or whatever. And it is so funny because it's very similar to my path, actually, because Lucas was diagnosed in 1999 and he got into a Lovaas replicate. Well it wasn't a Lovaas replication site, but he had a Lovaas replication consultant because we were too far of a distance. Mary: But she came to our house, trained three therapists and myself in the Lovaas methodology. And Lovaas is like traditional ABA. We did that. Lucas made progress. I was like after a year of this, I was like, this is absolutely frightening how little anybody knows about any of this. And I had a master's in nursing at the time and I was just like, this makes sense. You know, I manage people in my past and, you know, OK, the schedule and keeping people motivated to keep coming and, you know, teaching Lucas and taking data and graphing and all that. And then I became a behavior analyst. But my friend, who was also running a a low of US replication program out of her home, and we shared some of the same therapies. She flew down to see Vince Carbone speak in Florida in like 2000. Mary:And she came back and she's like, Mary, we've got to change everything we're doing. And I'm like, what? You know? And so that summer, I went up to New Jersey to a free workshop in New Jersey to see Vince Carbone. And it's so funny because you were saying you were sitting in the second row. And so I got to tell this story because I think my listeners are going to crack up. Mary:So I go up and I I was like, I have a bad sense of navigation ability. So I'm like, I don't wanna get lost, you know? So I, I get there like an hour early, like to the venue and it's a free workshop. So I show up. I walk in. I sit literally in the first or second row. And Dr. Carbone is setting up his equipment. Now, this is back in like 2001. Right? So the equipment is like DVD players and big speakers. And I literally I asked him if he was the AV guy. I had no idea what he looked like, but I was there and I was just like, oh, my God. Mary:But I think my friend had told me and we had actually, my Lovaas consultant ended up moving south right at the time she got back from the conference. So we had actually started move started to move into the Abels, into Beeby and that sort of thing. But once I heard Dr. Carbone speak and saw his videos, I was like, oh, my God. Like, we have to totally switch gears. And back then it was like the Wild West. Like nobody, including myself, knew how how to do verbal behavior programing. And so really over the past two decades and the way I found your name was I was part of the Pennsylvania Verbal Behavior Project, which is now the Patent Autism Initiative for seven years. And we in 2003, we went up to Carbone's Clinic, and that must have been the time when you were there and and you were, you know, helping him break down like language. Mary:So instead of cookie, then it be E would be the easiest and ooo-eee would be the next. And it just made sense. And from my nursing background and taking Lucas to speech therapist and working in Lovaas, you know, Lucas always had speech. His articulation wasn't great. He's still not conversational at 24. But anyway, I started hear your name, but I had to tell a story. When you said you were sitting in the second row, I was like, I got to tell my are you the AV guy story? That is just classic. Classic. Mary: Anyway, OK. So I think that's an excellent segue into when I said cookie and E and Oookie and why I wanted you on so, so much as a guest to talk about apraxia and autism. So can you tell me and the listeners what is apraxia First of all, just not related to autism. What is actually apraxia? Tamara:Absolutely. So apraxia of speech in the field of speech language pathology, we really apply a medical motto. So we look at etiology of the disorder as a guide to the best intervention. So, you know, if we like a nurse, right, we would look at what's the medical diagnosis and then what are the treatments that are used for that particular diagnosis. So apraxia of speech is believed to be some kind of a neurological disorder that results in a motor planning deficit. That is that kids have difficulty producing and sequencing sounds to form syllables, words and longer utterances in its most severe form. Like kids can't really can't even open their mouth with something without some kind of manual guidance. They'll be having like oral apraxia. Tamara:And then verbal apraxia would be just with the production of sounds and sequencing of sounds. So, I mean, that's like the, you know, a simple explanation. If you look like on the ASHA website, they have like a definition that is several pages long. And the problem is or the unique challenge, I guess, when we're talking about questions like, well, how many kids with autism actually have apraxia of speech or what's the comorbidity of those two diagnoses? Is that even though we have this lengthy definition. There's not a lot of agreement about what assessment tool really sifts out, kids who have apraxia speech versus kids who have some other severe articulation or phonological disorders. So and for people who aren't speech pathologist, you know, we look at differences in the types of areas, the topography of the areas that kids produce. Tamara:And that's one of the ways that helps us categorize kids according to these different diagnoses and then leads to the, you know, should lead to selection of an appropriate treatment. So basically a syllable, a sound production and sequencing issue. And the question, you know, that often follows is like how many kids with autism have apraxia? We look at the percentage of kids with autism that are nonverbal. Do all of those kids have apraxia? The problem is that the differential diagnosis is difficult. There's not a lot of agreement about a particular diagnostic instrument. But there was one study that they did actually at Hershey in Hershey, at the medical complex there, where they looked at a group of kids that were diagnosed with autism and they found that 64 percent of those kids also had a diagnosis of apraxia. So it is thought that it probably is a fairly high percentage. But the data I mean, that's one small study where they looked at that. Tamara:So the data is not really strong on that. But what I guess as a behavior analyst, when I think about a diagnosis of apraxia, sort of I say, who cares? Because of what I look at is, again, let's do a very careful inventory of what this child can do in terms of his approximations or sound production and what he can't do. And then let's take that. And whether or not someone has a formal diagnosis of apraxia, the procedures that are designed for kids with apraxia of speech, there's almost no danger of misapplication. If someone had a severe articulation disorder or phonological disorder and did not have apraxia of speech. And then I know one other point that you brought up when we were doing our talk right before the podcast was like one of the barriers to us being able to diagnose kids with autism with apraxia of a speech is your repertoires are so limited early on. Tamara:Their motivation to try to talk, their motivation to be with people. Both of those things are impaired. That's how they got the diagnosis of autism. Right. So if you're motivation to speak and to interact with others is low and you don't have a formal communication system or a very limited one, then it's hard for us to tell whether your lack of speech or your difficulty with speech production is due to some kind of neurological deficit or if it's due to lack of practice in under the appropriate motivational conditions. So it's you know, parents will often say to me, do you think my child has a apraxia? And I'm I'm usually say, I don't know. But regardless, I know we know how to help someone. We know how to help someone like this, you know, to learn to speak. Mary:And especially when kids are really little, you know, two or three and they're not speaking. And when somebody says, do you think they have apraxia. I'm like, probably. There probably is something going on if they're not speaking at all. But the same early learning materials, the same procedures, keeping the demand, pairing up the situation, pairing up the people and the materials, you know, speaking in an animated tone, holding things up to your face and being fun and playful and getting kids to want to be with you, to want to run to the table to one, to run to the activities. There's so many things going on, especially with the early toddlers, where you don't really know if it is just a speech delay, apraxia, or if it's going to turn out to be ADHD, if it's going to turn out to be autism. Mary:There's a lot of people that are waiting in line and they're worried about so many things and so many things are kind of going awry. I listened to your talk through the National Autism Conference, and we're going to talk about that in a minute. But I also listened to two talks by Ami Klin, Dr. Ami Klin from Emory University and his whole thing. He just published a fantastic paper on we can link that in the show notes that its 2020 publication and really shows that autism is really just the breakdown of the parent child dyad of communication of imitation. That gets off track. And then parents, it starts to deviate. Mary:Then they become obsessive with the iPad, or then they refuse to take a bath or they have problem behaviors. They have hitting instead of talking. And the more it gets off track, the more problems there are. And then parents are forced to wait in line for diagnosis, for treatment, for help. And so that's really been my mission over the past five years, specifically is through online courses to show parents it doesn't matter what it is or if it's autism plus apraxia or if it turns out to be a learning disability plus apraxia or a severe language disorder. Mary:You've got to get on it. You've got to try to repair that back and forth and that pairing of everything to make the child want to be with you. Want to talk and want to be, you know, motivated, which is easier said than done. But I think it sounds like with your experience with apraxia and autism, especially in the very young kids, without a lot of, you know, instructional control, without a lot of motivation, it's hard to assess, really. Tamara:Absolutely. Establishing a pool of reinforcer and then being able to run a lot of acourt trials, having lots of opportunities for those kids to attempt to speak under reinforcing conditions then gives you the ability now to assess. Is this someone who now really is having a significant issue with producing sound sequencing sounds? And as you know, like during that time frame when we're doing our pairing and manding and trying to contrive all those opportunities. The other thing that I do as a speech pathologist is really take a very careful look at their babbling repertoire through that process. And look at, am I getting an increase in the number of different sounds that someone's producing? In the number of syllable shapes or different combinations of consonants and balance that they're producing? Tamara:Even if they're not intentionally producing words yet? Do I have more variety there? Because those kids who remain sort of dead quiet, who are producing very few sounds and syllables. That's another strong indicator for me that I'm probably going to have to teach augmentative alternative communication form initially. And also that this is someone who might need some very specific training in order to develop their speech production in terms of their echoic training later during their structured teaching and in how we're trying to prompt vocalizations during national environment training. Mary:Yeah. So you did create with Nancy Kaufman, who is also a world renowned speech pathologist. You created the K and K card. So what are the K and K cards? Tamara:So I know that people who are listening won't be able to see them, but I'm just going to get them out for you. And I should mention also, obviously, according to our code of ethics, as behavior analysts and as speech pathologist, that this is something that I financially benefit from. And I have a relationship with Northern Speech Services. I do some webinars for them also. So I just need to mention that as a disclaimer. But what happened was I had gone to see Nancy Kaufman, who, as you mentioned, is an expert in the treatment of a practice of speech. And I went to see her not once, not twice, but three times. I was pretty sure she was talking to me the entire time. Tamara:And by the third the third time that I went to see her, like we had become friendly. And she would say when people ask her questions about kids with autism, she would say, I don't know, but I bet Tammy does. And then she would ask me to answer the question. So I started answering the questions and that's how I got sort of hooked up with her and Northern Speech services. But what I had done was use Nancy Kaufman's procedures that she outlines in her whole product line and her video presentations and all that stuff, her system for teaching kids to talk. And I had been modifying them for kids with autism. Tamara:And I sent her some videos because she always said, you don't need my cards. You can teach any child if you are a good speech pathologist and can figure out how to break down a word, you can teach it. So I sent her like a compilation of a bunch of my kids who with their before and afters like she does in her presentation. Just showing them the progress they made and thanking her. And then she was like, hey, how did you write those breakdowns for, like those other words, like those other words they're using for their requesting or manding or whatever you're talking about? And so that's when we got together. Tamara:And what we tried to do was create a product that could be used by behavior analysts, parents, teachers, speech pathologist to help them help kids learn to produce more complicated words. Because as you know, even though a child with autism doesn't care if the word that he is the thing that he loves the most is the most complicated thing to say. Tamara:He's not going to choose the easiest syllable shape to start with. So we started out with our sign to talk nouns. And those were you know, she asked me, is there a pool of reinforcers that most kids with autism enjoy? And I'm like, no, absolutely not. All kids with autism are individuals. And she's like, well, is there one hundred and fifty or two hundred words that would be more common? And I said, yes. So I know you used the example cookie. And so what, on the back of these cards, what we did was two things. We wanted to be able couple of things. We wanted to be able to have it as a sign language resource, not you don't show the child the picture of the person signing on the back of the card, but it's for teachers to use as a resource about what the sign is, because some things that kids with autism often do like Cheetos, don't have a sign in a sign language book. Tamara:But I worked with a sign language instructor in the deaf community here in the Midwest. And then we came up with signs for those things too for like Cheeto or Doritos or, you know, Oreo or something, anything that was really specific to that child. So the signs are on the back so that if you're doing sign language instruction with your child with autism, that you have that as a resource. But then the systematic shaping of the vocalizations is also on the back of the card so that the shaping using successive approximations to the target, where people who aren't speech pathologist just means that you can take any word that might be difficult to say. And when you think of a word like cookie, it doesn't seem like it would be that hard to say. But the K sound's actually kind of tricky. And it's not one of the first sounds that kids develop. It's usually in that second set of sounds that they are able to produce volitionally. Tamara:So what you do is you take the most difficult parts of the word and you omit it or change it to what a typical child that's learning how to speak would say. And I bet most parents out there, if you had a typically developing child and I asked you, like, what would your child say early on for Banana, you would say Nana. Or if I said, what would your child say early on for Cookie? You would have said, Oh, I think he said something like 280 and our cookie. And that would be true because kids would do that. So that's what we do on the back of the cards, is guide them through like systematic approximations to the target, easier syllables followed by more difficult syllables until they can produce it. So like you said, for Cookie, it's like, ooo-eeee. Tamara:And then tooo-tooo. Too-eee. And then Coo-ee. Kee-kee and cookie. And all of that is actually based on typical development phonological processes, they're called. But it's the motor simplification kind of rules, if you will, that kids use when they're learning how to speak. And that's why you see that a lot of kids say "bado" for bottle or that they say dada for daddy because it's a common motor simplification. So the cards have multiple applications to be used for Sign Language Dictionary to be able to teach the child the successive approximations to that target. And then we used real pictures of. Tamara:Hopefully, hopefully, fun looking pictures of the items on the front of the card so that you can use them for other verbal operance. For tacting, for receptive I.D., for teaching feature function in class so that they can have multiple applications. Mary:Yeah. That's excellent. And the K and K stands for Kaufman and Kasper, right? Those are your two names. And Kaufman developed initial cards that were not fun, did not include signs and that sort of thing. So you took it and collaborated with her to make these cards specifically more for kids with autism. But I'm sure they're very helpful for young kids with other issues as well within their speech. Tamara:I do get e-mails from families where they're saying like that their kids call them, one kid called them like the cool cards. They're bigger. They're different. There are really a lot of kids really do. Actually seeing the picture functions as a reinforcer for them. So how we teach it, part of our teaching procedure is that until they're able to like a myth, what we're going to accept as their best approximation, they don't get to see the picture on the front, the card. Tamara:So that's something that's different from how Nancy uses her cards also is that we sort of use seeing the picture as a reinforcer for a more accurate production. And then what happens over time is because we paired delivering reinforcement with seeing the picture, over time just seeing the picture begins functioning as a reinforcer. And that allows you to do, you know, multiple trials successively without creating ratio stream. So kids are more cooperative. If you teach if you teach the cards correctly, use them correctly. Good. Using good sound principles of behavior analysis in controlling your motivational variables. Tamara:So that was a big part of my life for a lot of years, was traveling around and teaching other speech pathologist a some of the things that Vince has taught me and that, you know, that you bring to the public teaching those skills about contriving motivation, pairing, manding, teaching sign language to other speech pathologists so that they can get kids in that just right position to be able to benefit from a very sequential approach like this, or like Nancy Kauffman's cards, which are amazing and are based again on systematically increasing the difficulty. Right. Hers are not ordered by motivation, but rather by what's easiest to say. What will give you the most success early on? And now what's more difficult to say? Can we bridge you to that more difficult type of word? Mary:Yeah, I think that's great. And I do want to bring up a point, and I am not sure if you're going to agree or disagree or whatever, but I've also seen Barbesh speak a fair amount. And Barbesh is the creator of the ISA, the echoic assessment part of the VB-MAAP. And she's PhD level BCBA-D and excellent. And one of her things and I know we talked about a little bit is the need to practice and the need to say kookie 100 times before. And it might sound like "tootie" or EE or whatever. Mary:Before we get worried about necessarily, I mean we have to get echoic control, we have to get instructional control. There's just a whole lot of things to worry about before we get into fine tuning articulation. And I see people like they might be like, oh, let me get these K and K cards and I'll start. And like, the child doesn't have the ability to sit and attend and they don't have the ability to you know, they haven't said "oo-ee" a hundred times. So, you know, just if it's highly motivating, like my philosophy is like bombard kids with language that rich materials and get them practicing babbling sounds and word approximations and words and get them all wanting to be at the table with you, wanting to engage with you and, you know, having pictures, putting them in a shoe box that serves as a reinforcer, as you're saying, like these cards, seeing the cards can serve as a reinforcer. So I think sometimes people try to jump to fine tuning articulation when they really need to back up and start just pairing, manding and all that stuff. And allowing the child to practice babbling and word approximations before they worry about like that doesn't sound right. Tamara:I couldn't agree more. That's actually why I developed the workshop for the speech therapists is because they were trying again, working with children with autism is very different than working with kids who have more typical motivational variables. So they would try to apply these kinds of intervention to kids who weren't ready yet. And so that's why the first half day of my workshop was always about pairing, manding, establishing instructional control. And you're absolutely right. We owe it to kids to give them hundreds of opportunities to learn how to vocalize under reinforcing conditions before we try to do more structured echoic work in almost all cases. And I know, I was listening to one of your other podcasts and you were talking about, you know, the amount of time that kids should spend in natural environment activities. Tamara:And I think it was one to one that you did with Mark Sundberg. And he was talking about the importance of natural environment training and about all of those avenues. And so I think that the point you're making can't be made enough that you're really looking at the whole child and not just like what is his sound inventory and what's the next step? And can I get I'm not going to get a perfect swing from someone who's only been vocalizing for three months. That's really not a good motor expectation of that child. Tamara:So that, I think, is why there is a need for collaboration with speech pathologists and behavior analysts as well, because behavior analysts are so amazing at being able to identify appropriate and conceptually systematic sequences of teaching and teaching procedures that are precise and use excellent differential reinforcement. And speech pathologists know a lot about development, how sounds are produced, what's developmentally appropriate, and that that information can also influence what approximation you would accept from a child, at what age or what age of talking. I like to say, yeah, he's seven, but he's only been talking for six months. That's very different from a seven-year-old. So I agree with you wholeheartedly. Mary: Yeah. And one final thing about articulation. You know, I've worked with people with 50-yearolds or even my son, 24 years old. He's not conversational. He has language, but his articulation is not perfect. And sometimes I think, like for older kids, like hyper focusing on articulation isn't that helpful either. Like, I mean, we could, you know, get the K&K cards. But it's like if his speech is understandable to most of the people around him, you know, he just had a new hab worker start. And her name is a little bit harder to pronounce, you know. But he hasn't practiced it 100 times. It's understandable. Mary:But like some people jump in and they like do all this work on articulation. Meanwhile, you know, the older child can't shower themselves or they're having problem behaviors or there's just a whole lot more to the picture. And I think sometimes I think people over focus on articulation when, you know when is good enough. I don't you know, I'm sure that that varies for each child. But, you know, does it change as kids get older with how much she would focus on articulation? Tamara: So what? What I can tell you is that in my in my Penn State presentation, which was about, you know, originally was about, you know, extending the vocal repertoire in children with autism. And then I added, like in a COVID world, because what happened to me with COVID was that I essentially eliminated middle management and did like telehealth with like one staff in a home or with a family. And it like removed any barriers between me and like direct interactions, on a weekly basis with parents. And I really had learned so much about what's really the most important. Tamara:And I think what you're saying, Mary, and I agree with you, is like for every child, like every six months, every year, we have to really think, like, what are the most important things for this child? And one of the things that I identified for some of my kids was what's the most important thing, having independent work that the child can do, an independent play activity so that their parent can take a shower or do their conference call. And I had not put as much emphasis on that as I because I was always working on shaping articulation and making sure they could use, you know, speech production across the verbal opperance, etc. And that was really telling to me. And the other thing is exactly what you're saying. At a certain point we're looking at, I'm always trying to have a five-year plan and a 10-year plan with all of my families. Tamara:And if we're looking realistically at someone who's 13 and saying their five-year plan is they're probably going to be living in a group home with the same group of individuals on a regular basis, they really only have 50 or 75 reinforcers that we've been able to maintain. Then as long as they can ask for those fifty or seventy-five things than we've done our job in terms of teaching them, you know, good enough articulation to be able to meet their needs in that context. So it's all about treating the child as part of their family unit or their future unit that they'll be working within and really honoring and listening to my parents and to what their values are and trying to appreciate how I can use some professional humility in goal selection so that I'm not trying to push the agenda on what I feel is most important for a family, but that I'm helping them to have their child reach the most important goals for them as a family unit. Mary:I think that's excellent. And I did watch, it's called the National Autism Conference. It's held at Penn State every year. But this year, because of COVID, it was virtual. It is, the whole conference is free. And it provided very low-cost behavior analyst and ASHA credits and all kinds of good stuff. Mary:But your talk was really good and you provided case studies of kids that you worked with during COVID specifically and how you altered your approach and how you really train the families and train. You know, and it was really good. And one thing you talked about and we can link that that presentation in the show notes, I think it's excellent. And I think it's great in some ways that the conference was virtual because it was filled with a lot of great talks. Mary:But one of the things you said and I have been harping on this for so many years, is that one of the big problems I see with the talk, especially with the toddlers and preschoolers that come into my online courses, is pacifier addiction or overuse of bar bottles or even sippy cups? I know Joanne Gerenser. I did a podcast with her and she's another speech pathologist. Mary: She came to talk in my local area one time and I brought her to my house for like a little drive by, look at Lucas. And he was four at the time. And she's like, you got to get rid of that sippy cup. And it was a spill proof sippy cup. And she's like, it's just as bad as a bottle. And like, I've never heard about that. And I think so few people in the autism behavior analysis world at least talk about pacifiers, bottles, sippy cups and the oral and not eating off of a spoon, which is, you know, your oral motor system gets off track. And the more it gets off track, then you got problem behaviors revolving around picky eating and all kinds of problems. But you did talk in your lecture on pacifier use and pacifier weening. I do have six steps to wean that. I can put in the show notes as well. But can you talk a little bit about like. Is that you talk about that a lot. Like I do yours. Was that something unique with this, with this talk? Tamara:No, this is something that is really consistent with most of the kids that I work with is trying to make sure that they are engaging in feeding patterns that are going to promote the best type posture for them to be able to produce sounds. So when we talk about, you know, when I was talking about motor the motor ability in apraxia speech to produce sounds, I was talking about motor simplification of a specific word to make it easier to say. The other thing that happens as a child grows and matures is that sort of their airway changes, their articulatory structures change. And one of those changes is when you start getting off of your bottle, like if this is if those of you can see if your tongue is normally more forward in your mouth and it moves back and forth when you're extracting liquid from a bottle or is a spouted cup or when you're sucking on a pacifier. Tamara:And then as you get a more mature swallow, right. Your tongue comes back. And what that does is you get the back of your tongue is more stable and now you can move the tip of your tongue up and down and out of your mouth and groove the sides of it. And those are all the things you need to produce a T a D a TH an S an SH. Right. You need to be able to channel air. And use your tongue in different ways. If you're constantly having your tongue more forward in your mouth, either because you're using a pacifier, a bottle, a negative pressure spouted cup, which those I would like to when I seem at the grocery store, I would like to throw in the garbage just like Joanne, like those promote that kind of oral motor pattern, which is what we don't want. Tamara:And so the case study that I did for NACK was, you know, someone for whom they came in and their daycare had actually been putting the pacifier mouth all the time because he was biting other children because he had no communication system. And so they were actually promoting like pacifier use 24/7 while he was at daycare. And so when he came in, I think it was the fourth thing that he came in. I just threw the pacifier back in the car and I just took it, took him up. And there are many, like, great systems for winning kids off of pacifiers. And I know that people use pacifiers appropriately for kids who are having trouble developing like nutritive socks in there. Tamara:You know, this is a huge topic, but I'm talking about specifically kids with autism who are using pacifiers, who don't have oral motor deficits where it would be there would be a necessity of anything like that. And that there are ways we can teach them. And I know another resource for that is Sara Rosenfeld Johnson. I mean, and she actually has for some of her kids, she'll just like cut the tip off of the pacifiers. So they're no longer satisfying. But at the same time, then we're talking about someone who is engaging. Right. Pacifier use is maintained by automatic reinforcement. Tamara:No doubt about it. Right. It feels good to do it. It's you know, it is not socially mediated usually. So we're looking at a situation then where we want to then teach them other more appropriate self-stimulatory behaviors. So that's called toy play. Right. So when we're trying to get someone to engage in that. We can talk about other things that are sensory match for that. So this conversation could get very complex. And I do do other things to help kids to be able to get rid of their pacifiers much more simply or systematic reduction. But for some kids, it can be as simple as just leaving it in the car. We don't have to overthink it. We can do a straight extinction. We can teach them to compartmentalize. There I mean, there are so many procedures in the field of ABA that can be applied to an issue like this. And they're the same ones that we look at with other self-stimulatory behavior for many children. Mary:Yeah, I agree that I think it starts out as automatic reinforcement. But the cases I've seen with kids that are two and older, it tends to be you know, they cry because it's an access to tangible issue. You know, they're screaming. And even one kid, I forget where I talk about this or maybe I wrote about it, I had this one child, that doorbell would ring therapist. He'd scream, you know, and they brought me in after a year of this nonsense with the speech, and OT going and everybody rang the doorbell and he'd be so avoidant of work. Mary: And so I'm like in there. I think they gave me, like, every other week for an hour or two to figure this out. I'm like, OK, I don't even know what's happening. And so I, you know, I'm trying to pair up the table and I mean, you know, and he's not having it. And he goes bolting out of the room. And I said, what? What's he looking for, you know? What's he seeking? And she goes, he's probably looking for a pacifier under the sofa or something, you know? And sure enough, we go out and he's sucking on a pacifier. And so it turns out that fifteen minutes before any therapist would arrive, mom would take the pacifier and she'd turn the TV off to get him ready for therapy. So then the therapist would come in and he was just wanted them to leave to get back to his pacifier. Mary:And so we worked with the mom. We created what I called a binkie box, which is just a little shoe box that he could have it at naps and then put the pacifier, you know, get rid of 10 pacifiers, get rid of 10 bottles, you know, if you're gonna try to we like get one of them that you can control or two, you put it in the binky box. When he wakes up from his nap, it can go high up on the shelf. And that was I mean, this kid did so well. So I think it does take on other functions, especially as the kid gets older and it just drives me nuts because a kid screams and then they get plugged up with a pacifier. And it's just so reinforcing for the parents to just plug them up if they're screaming. But yet plugging them up for screaming is going to worsen problem behaviors and it's going to worsen language. And so I was really excited when you start doing about pacifier reduction and everything, because it's like I do think that that's sometimes a big part of the puzzle. Tamara:No, I agree. And obviously, what we add to a picture as behavior analysts and speech pathologists. Right. As a behavior analyst, we add that systematic assessment of the function. And here you're actually talking about the function of the crying, not the function of the pacifier. So the crying was maintained by access to the pacifier. And so I understand what you're saying. Like, we're not talking about purely automatic reinforcement here, that there are other contingencies. But now the crying is followed by pacifier, which results in escape from demands. So that's a complex scenario. Mary:And access to tangibles. Yeah. It's multiple functions. Tamara:The crying is maintained, I think the part where you self though, you know, when we think about that. Knowing the function or how others have like taught up pacifier use is really important when you're thinking about its elimination. I mean, one of my other NACK individuals with someone who is using urination. Like to escape demands and, you know, a 13-year-old who's using it repeatedly. And so when you talk about like, let's be very careful about our analysis of how pacifier is being used, what the true function of the pacifier is in that home environment. I think that's critical. And those things. You're right. There's not like, oh, you can use Sarah Rosenfeld Johnsen's or your program either. Tamara:You have to, as a behavior analyst, look carefully at what's happening, what's the antecedent. They were using it as a blocking mechanism. Guess what? It also blocks speech production. If you have a pacifier in your mouth, you're not vocalizing, you're not vocalizing with the right types of movements in your mouth. So we have to also look at what else happens with that? Does it block someone from crying? Does it block someone from biting? Absolutely. But are those worth the payoff of not being able to hear someone's voice? So I really like that you're always bringing it back to the core principles of behavior analysis and having a good understanding of the function of any behavior that a child exhibits. Mary:Yeah. And it can, like I said, it can get complicated. I'm glad you pointed that out, that it's the crying and the function. But for parents and that's really what I strive to do, is get the parent to become the captain of the ship and look at the whole picture. It's complicated, right? Tamara:You know, the problem there wouldn't be teaching the child to ask for the pacifier. The problem is changing the teaching procedures. And changing the situation so that the person's not signaling that now pacifier is no longer available. Video is no longer available. Your life gets worse when you see your teachers come in. That's the problem. They're not specifically the pacifier. So, you know, it gets really complicated in these. Yeah. Working to arrange this. Mary:But I would I was glad to see all the discussion about pacifiers. And I think it's something that more parents and professionals need to think about. OK. So I want to wrap up because I think we're getting close to the end of our time. But first, before we end, I want to ask you two things. So we talked about the K and K cards. And you said you have a webinar. So how can people find you, find your work and get into your world? Tamara:I mean, you can learn more about me at my Web site, which is www.CenterAutismTreatment.org. And I'm located near Milwaukee, Wisconsin, actually. My clinic is quite small, but you can contact me there and the K and K materials and that webinar that's about it's really about teaching kids all the way from pairing and mandating to multi word utterances. It's called progressive and systematic teaching of language to children with autism. And that you can get it with the K and K cards at Northern Speech Services. So that's you know, we can put the link in, but it is Northern Speech Services. I do want to say thought that as part of that as part of the webinar, anytime I talk, you really don't need the cards in order to use the procedures. Any good speech pathologists can write successive approximations to the target. So the cards are there as a resource. But I just want to be clear that any good speech pathologist can do this type of work. It's just makes it more convenient. Mary:Is the webinar for speech pathologists or is it for parents or both? Both. OK. So anyone, behavior analysts, any pathologist, anybody can watch. Tamara:Interested in learning about the use of those procedures and or anyone who's interested in learning things about basic sign language instruction, how to use echoic trials within the mand. And then it gets into more precise teaching for kids who are really struggling. Both what you would do during your structured teaching, during your ITT table work or and what you would do during your natural environment training for someone who's really struggling to learn how to speak. Mary:OK, so we're just about ready to wrap up. Part of my podcast goals are for parents and professionals to be less stressed and lead happier lives. So I'm wondering if you have any stress reduction tips or self-care practices that you would recommend to parents and professionals. Tamara:You know, I think this is such a great question and so important, like during Colvard, where we have to have so much more self-compassion than ever because we're all struggling right now. We're struggling with, like, the limitations in what we're able to do and what our kids are able to do and the uncertainty and the changes that occur every day as a result of it. Tamara:And so I guess I hate to say something like lower your standards. It's not lower your standards, but select your goals carefully. And don't hold the bar quite as high to select those goals that are the most important. And those are the conversations that I've had with my parents. They were like, tell me the top three things that are important for you to get through the next week. What would help you with your child the most? The three most important things to you right now. And when they told me those, I found there was often a mismatch between what I thought and what they thought. And so then we worked on those things or a component skill for those things. And I made the component skills small and manageable so that they could do that. Tamara:And then, you know, when you're saying taking care of yourself, I mean, I hope that I do embody for my staff like that, even though we're very busy trying to keep everything afloat here and trying to meet the needs of all our families without, like, exposing them to too many staff that I still managed to get some exercise in every day. I still manage to try to spend some quality time with my family like we assume I have a weekly meeting with my seven brothers and sisters and those things staying connected to people socially and giving yourself some time to do something that's important to you, like exercise or going for a walk like that. Tamara:You need to build those things into your day so that you can be refreshed and able to help your clients or your children in the best possible way you can. And I know those are incredibly basic, but like, just choose your goals. Choose them carefully so that you can attain them and feel good about doing that piece each day and give yourself that little bit of time to just refresh so that you're able to cope with the whatever the changes that COVID is going to bring that day. Mary:Yeah, well, that sounds like great advice. So thank you so much for your time. I really enjoyed getting to know you better. And I'm sure our listeners will love this on this podcast as much as I did. So thank you so much. Thank you, Mary.
What is Terrazzo? Terrazzo is a material that is precast or poured in place and used for wall or floor treatments. It consists of a variety of stones like glass, granite, marble, and quartz. It is sprinkled or unsprinkled and poured with a binder that is cementitious for chemical binding, polymeric for physical binding, or a combination of both. Terrazzo is set and then churned and polished to a smooth surface to produce a consistent textured surface. It is often used for kitchen and bathrooms countertops and flooring. It has waterproof properties that circumvent water damage. Terrazzo is extremely long lasting. There are no surfaces that compare with terrazzo, in terms of green technology. It boasts a compressive strength of nearly 500 pounds per square inch. Floors, very similar to Terrazzo, created almost 10,000 years ago still exist in the Middle East. By \|2021-09-09T06:45:36+00:00July 31st, 2017\|terrazzo\|0 Comments Share This Story, Choose Your Platform! Go to Top
Rachel A. Loehman Connie Constan Rebekah Kneifel Megan Friggens 2021 <p>Wildfires of uncharacteristic severity, a consequence of climate changes and accumulated fuels, can cause amplified or novel impacts to archaeological resources. The archaeological record includes physical features associated with human activity; these exist within ecological landscapes and provide a unique long-term perspective on human–environment interactions. The potential for fire-caused damage to archaeological materials is of major concern because these resources are irreplaceable and non-renewable, have social or religious significance for living peoples, and are protected by an extensive body of legislation. Although previous studies have modeled ecological burn severity as a function of environmental setting and climate, the fidelity of these variables as predictors of archaeological fire effects has not been evaluated. This study, focused on prehistoric archaeological sites in a fire-prone and archaeologically rich landscape in the Jemez Mountains of New Mexico, USA, identified the environmental and climate variables that best predict observed fire severity and fire effects to archaeological features and artifacts.</p> application/pdf 10.1186/s42408-021-00103-6 en Springer Predicting wildfire impacts on the prehistoric archaeological record of the Jemez Mountains, New Mexico, USA article
Why did they stop drilling and what has this got to do with changing the theory of the Earths make up? This question is in relation to the work in Russia where they drilled the deepest hole that modern science knows. Known as the Kola Superdeep Borehole, the deepest hole ever dug, just 9 inches in diameter, reaches approximately 7.5 miles below the Earth’s surface (or 12,262 meters), a depth that took about 20 years to reach and is only half the distance or less to the mantle. A little background first. We have been looking at science and what makes up a theory and also what is the driving force for scientists, and others, to step outside of what is known and accepted and to present totally different theories. I’m looking through history with western science we can see that those who suggested things that were not in alignment with the common thinking of the religious order or politics of the day would denounced. There have been however wonderful advances in science since this time. As mentioned earlier this is often by those who I marginalised by sites when their ideas at first to present it. Right now this post looks at how do we replace a current theory with a new one? Sounds easy, sounds like what science was set up for but….. here’s the accepted theory ‘the centre of the Earth has a solid core surrounded by a molten larva then the crust. Molten means liquid and in this case it’s perceived to be a very thick liquid (molten rock). We understand that this theory is based on the work by a person called Cavendish around 400 years ago and he used lead balls too represent the Earth and make conclusions from this about the Earth including its mass and its density. Since this time many people in science have continue this as the correct theory. The modern scientific evidence for this theory is the behaviour of seismic waves. What is a seismic wave ? Here is an abbreviated definition from Wikipedia (and it’s in alignment with the scientific papers). Seismic waves are waves of energy that travel through Earth’s layers, and are a result of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, magma movement, large landslides and large man-made explosions that give out low-frequency acoustic energy. Seismic waves are studied by geophysicists called seismologists. Seismic wave fields are recorded by a seismometer, hydrophone (in water), or accelerometer. The velocity of seismic waves depends on density and elasticity of what it is travelling through as well as the type of wave. Velocity tends to increase with depth through Earth’s crust and mantle, but drops sharply going from the mantle to outer core. Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seismic_wave see also a great definition with graphics in: https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resources/340-seismic-waves But what’s in the hole Deep boreholes by Russians and Germans found that what’s predicted by the current theory, in terms of density and the type of matter as well as temperature, is not supported by what they found when actually digging in into the Earth, and this is when only reaching 12km. For one the temperature was far greater than predicted in certain places and then it was fun to be cooler deeper in parts of the bore hole. “The hole was intended to go “as deep as possible,” which researches expected to be around 9 miles (that’s ~14,500 meters). But the scientists and engineers were forced to give up when they hit unexpectedly high temperatures. At 7.5 miles below the surface, the 2.7 billion year old rocks there at temperatures of around 180 degrees Celsius (or a scorching 356 degrees Fahrenheit). This was almost twice as hot as they’d predicted.” http://www.slate.com/blogs/atlas_obscura/2014/05/08/kola_superdeep_borehole_is_the_world_s_deepest_hole.html Surprisingly they were also finding of water freshwater many kilometres deep as well as a continuation of rock where they had expected a change in rock type. Interesting also that there was a finding that the rocks became less dense deeper damn whereas the theory had been that the density would increase. The decreased density was described as being caused by heating and cooling. In the Russian borehole fossils of algae were found many kilometres deep yet there is little written about this amazing finding Ann just assumptions that the landmass has built up over these areas that were once on the surface. This however has not been taken any further . When the digging was halted for a short time and scientists invited from around the world to look at the rocks from deep and work on these it coincided with the time over release of a sensational set of articles saying that the Russian borehole had reached hell and the screams of the people could be heard coming out of the hole. Looking back through the records it was found that this indeed did hit the headlines of papers and there were many who had a full belief in this as an actuality. The digging did not recommence. It was said because the material that had been met in the shaft was too hot for the equipment and it was melting. With modern technology it would be possible to create equipment that is robust to the temperatures that were experienced. It may be however not just a situation of heat but one that we are experiencing while reading the book that we’re getting a moving from the material plane into the subtle plane with a different vibration and frequency such that the implements from the material world do not work in the more subtle planes. So how do we change a theory? 1) Be open to alternatives. 2) Be ready to talk about them, ask questions, look from a place where there is not a preconceived answer. 3) Look again at the evidence and ask could there be other reasons for what is being observed. 4) Listen to the stories and teaching from other cultures – allow yourself to give other ideas space in your thoughts. 5) Give yourself space form those who criticise (while you’re in the formation of ideas time) then come back when you have some sense as it can be through the challenges of others that we bring conviction to our thoughts. 6) Question what is taught at schools – remind that while a ‘theory’ is an accepted idea it doesn’t mean it is how it is. 7) Suggest a new hypothesis (idea) and allow the observations, measurements, stories be there and see if they align with it. 8) As it lines up then there is a new theory. Plus remember we see and experience what we expect and this does influence what we see and experience so there is a cycle of feedback of thoughts and feelings to matter. A good place to ask: What reference is a theory anyway? Well understanding the principles of the Universe do assist in our interactions with it and it with us so that’s a great reason to be open, observe, learn, apply, share, repeat. See also: There’s a portal to the centre of the Earth in the wreckage of an abandoned project site in Murmansk, Russia. What’s it for? And why is the Internet Googling “Kola Superdeep Borehole screams?” https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-deep-is-the-deepest-hole-in-the-world/
How much water should I drink each day? Your body needs water to work properly: about 5 pints spread over the day. It helps the brain to work properly and carries nutrients throughout your body in the blood. Water makes up about two-thirds of the weight of a healthy body. Most of the chemical reactions that happen in our cells need water in order to take place. We also need water so that our blood can carry nutrients around the body and get rid of waste. It can also make your skin clearer and hydrate the roots of your hair. 5 pints works out at around eight 200ml glasses of water spread throughout the day. • all non-alcoholic drinks count, but water, milk and fruit juices are the healthiest. • water has no calories and contains no sugars that can damage teeth. • in hotter climates, the body needs more water than this. Source: Water and drinks @ NHS Choices Read more • Just how much water should you drink a day? @ Daily Mail Excerpt: If you drink enough your energy levels will be more consistent (say goodbye to that after-lunch snooziness or end-of-the-day crabbiness); many of the people who ask me for advice also find that their concentration improves. It helps to stagger your water intake throughout the day rather than going for hours without anything, then downing half a litre – if you do this your kidneys will struggle and you’ll find yourself dashing to the loo. • How much water should you drink each day? @ WikiAnswers Image: Water Impact 0 by (Henningklevjer) - (Henningklevjer). Licensed under CC BY-SA 2.5 via Wikimedia Commons.
• No intermediaries • No plagiarism • Any Subject • Always on time Here’s an example of project completed by our experts: Suppressor genes (Example) Document Preview: Student’s Name Instructor Course Date Origin of Suppressor genes The most common analogy that has been proven by Geneticists such as Gregor Mendel is that genes are inherited from parents by their off-springs. However the exact origins of these genes that came to be inherited along each species are yet to be known and several evolution theories have been put forward to discuss the origin of life such include primordial soup theory as independently postulated by English Geneticist J.B.S. Haldane and The Russian Chemist A.I. Oparin in 1920. The theory gained most popularity amongst that any “cells” that abandoned the group would suffer a negative consequence. A conclusion that seems to support the argument of this paper as to why proto-oncogenes only exists in multicellular organisms while complementary oncogenes are that result in cancers among humans only exist and originated from oncogenic viruses. Association of multicellular and single-celled organisms in one system often ends with detrimental results such as causing cancer. Work Cited Libby E. Conlin P. L. Kerr B. & Ratcliff W. C. (2016). Stabilizing multicellularity through ratcheting. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 371(1701) 20150444. doi:10.1098/rstb.2015.0444 [...] Order Description: Ask IT systems such as Google and PubMed what they know about the origins of suppressor genes. Search such as ["tumor suppressor" AND origin]. Read the abstracts of papers and search for clues. Alternatively, learn where genes come from, develop a hypothesis of where a tumor suppressor gene might come from, and then search for a paper that might support your hypothesis. Do not expect to find the answer in a textbook Subject Area: Biology Document Type: Research Paper Project's rating is 5/5 Price $15 Words 550 Pages 2 Completed in 4 days Expert EliteWriter11 Client Review she is a responsible, honest, professional and committed. she delivers the BEST of the BEST for you!!!. Thanks, a lot. Similar projects Respiratory infections Biology Research Papers Structure and Functions Need Help With a Project on This or Another Topic? Studybay top experts Reviews from Studybay Community • Our Studybay rating is: • Our ReviewCentre rating is: • Our SiteJabber rating is:
To install click the Add extension button. That's it. Kelly Slayton Congratulations on this excellent venture… what a great idea! Alexander Grigorievskiy Live Statistics English Articles Improved in 24 Hours Added in 24 Hours Show all languages History of Brazil since 1985 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Brazilian history since 1985, also known as the Sixth Brazilian Republic or New Republic, is the contemporary epoch in the history of Brazil, beginning when civilian government was restored after a 21-year-long military regime established after the 1964 coup d'état. The negotiated transition to democracy reached its climax with the indirect election of Tancredo Neves PMDB by Congress. Neves belonged to Brazilian Democratic Movement Party, an opposition party that had always opposed the military regime. He was the first civilian president to be elected since 1964. Neves was set to take over from General João Figueiredo, the last of the military junta presidents appointed by their predecessor. The transition was hailed as the dawn of a New Republic (Nova República) in contrast with República Velha (Old Republic), the first epoch of the Brazilian Republic, from 1889 until 1930. It became synonymous with the contemporary phase of the Brazilian Republic and the political institutions established in the wake of the country's re-democratization. President-elect Tancredo Neves fell ill on the eve of his inauguration and could not attend it. His running mate, José Sarney, was inaugurated as vice president and served in Neves' stead as acting president. As Neves died without having ever taken the oath of office, Sarney then succeeded to the presidency. The first phase of the Brazilian New Republic, ranging from the inauguration of José Sarney in 1985 until the inauguration of Fernando Collor in 1990, is often considered a transitional period as the 1967–1969 constitution remained in effect, the executive still had veto powers, and the president was able to rule by decree. The transition was considered definitive after Brazil's current constitution, drawn up in 1988, entered full effect in 1990. In 1986, elections were called for a National Constituent Assembly that would draft and adopt a new Constitution for the country. The Constituent Assembly began deliberations in February 1987 and concluded its work on October 5, 1988. Brazil's current Constitution was promulgated in 1988 and completed the democratic institutions. The new Constitution replaced the authoritarian legislation that still remained from the military regime. In 1989 Brazil held its first elections for president by direct popular ballot since the 1964 coup. Fernando Collor won the election and was inaugurated on March 15, 1990 as the first president elected under the 1988 Constitution. Since then, seven presidential terms have elapsed, without rupture to the constitutional order: • the first term was served by Presidents Collor and Franco. Collor was impeached on charges of corruption in 1992 and resigned the presidency, being succeeded by Itamar Franco, his vice president • the second and third terms corresponded to the Fernando Henrique Cardoso's administration, from 1995 to 2002; • in the fourth and fifth presidential terms Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva served as President; • the sixth term was Dilma Rousseff's first administration. • the seventh term was started following Rousseff's 2014 reelection. Her second term was due to end in 2018, but she was impeached for violations of budgetary and fiscal responsibility laws in 2016. Her vice-president, Michel Temer, succeeded her on 31 August 2016 following a lengthy period as acting president during Rousseff's impeachment trials and eventually became President himself after the impeachment was completed. • the eight and current term is Jair Bolsonaro's administration. Transition towards democracy The last military president, João Figueiredo signed a general amnesty into law and turned Geisel's distensão into a gradual abertura (the "opening" of the political system), saying he wanted "to make this country a democracy". The transition towards democracy that ended the military regime in 1985 and spurred the adoption of a new, democratic, Constitution in 1988, was, however, troubled. Hard-liners reacted to the abertura with a series of terrorist bombings. In April 1981 after a long string of bombings and other violence a bomb went off prematurely and killed one of the men in the car with it and badly injured the other. They were shown to be working with the DOI-CODI "under the direct orders of the "Command of the First Army"[1] in terrorism, but nobody was punished. The incident and the regime's inaction strengthened the public's resolve to end military rule. Moreover, Figueiredo faced other significant problems, such as soaring inflation, declining productivity, and mounting foreign debt. The 1980s "lost decade": stagnation, inflation, and crisis Diretas Já movement Diretas Já movement Political liberalization and the declining world economy contributed to Brazil's economic and social problems. In 1978 and 1980, huge strikes took place in the industrial ring around São Paulo. Protesters asserted that wage increases indexed to the inflation rate were far below an acceptable standard of living. Union leaders, including the future three-time presidential candidate and president Luís Inácio da Silva, were arrested for violating national security laws. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) imposed a painful austerity program on Brazil. Under that program, Brazil was required to hold down wages to fight inflation. In the north, northeast, and even in the relatively prosperous Rio Grande do Sul, impoverished rural people occupied unused private land, forcing the government to create a new land reform ministry. Tension with the Roman Catholic Church, the major voice for societal change, peaked in the early 1980s with the expulsion of foreign priests involved in political and land reform issues. President Neves would be the first elected president since the brazilian military coup, however, the president died before inauguration In 1984, many public demonstrations were held in major Brazilian cities which made it clear that military rule could not continue. Brazilians started to demand change in the electoral system, aiming to directly elect the President (Diretas Já). As public pressure built up, the opposition Brazilian Democratic Movement Party (Partido do Movimento Democrático Brasileiro, PMDB) proposed a legislation to implement this change (Proposta de Emenda Constitucional Dante de Oliveira [pt]). As Congress was controlled by the pro-government Democratic Social Party (PDS, formerly ARENA), the law failed to pass. Tancredo Neves of Minas Gerais, Getúlio Vargas' minister of justice in the 1950s, and former federal deputy, senator, and prime minister, seized the momentum. Neves had a reputation for honesty and was able to build up an alliance between the PMDB and defectors from the PDS who founded the Liberal Front Party (PFL). The Democratic Alliance (Aliança Democrática) presented itself as supporting 1984 demands for political change and the end of military rule. The party presented Neves as an opposition candidate against Paulo Maluf.[2] Neves was elected by a majority vote of the Parliament on January 15, 1985.[3] However, Neves collapsed the night before his inauguration in March, and died on April 21, so the presidency passed to Vice President José Sarney (president, 1985–90), long-time supporter of the military regime. The hope that 1985 would provide a quick transition to a new regime faded as Brazilians watched the turn of events in a state of shock. Like the regime changes of 1822, 1889, 1930, 1946, and 1964, the 1985 change also proved to be long and difficult. Sarney's government fulfilled Tancredo's promises of amending the Constitution inherited from the military regime and calling elections for a National Constituent Assembly with full powers to draft and enact a new democratic constitution for the country. Ulysses Guimarães, who led the civilian resistance to the military rule, was chosen by his fellow Assembly members to preside over the Constituent Assembly, which sat in session from February 1987 to October 1988. The Constituent Assembly proclaimed a new constitution in October 1988 and restored civil and public rights such as freedom of speech, independent public prosecutors (Ministério Público), economic freedom, direct and free elections and universal healthcare. It also de-centralized government, empowering local and state governments. The president Sarney The president Sarney As the political transition developed, the economy suffered high inflation and stagnation.[4] Sarney tried to control inflation with many economic plans: Plano Cruzado 1, Plano Cruzado 2, Plano Verão. All of them included government price controls, price freezes and ultimately a change in the national currency. During Sarney's presidency, Brazil had three currency units: the cruzeiro, the cruzado and the cruzado novo. Economic domestic troubles led to default on Brazil's international debt in 1988. This closed international financial markets for Brazil and its economic situation worsened. Despite the initial decrease, inflation returned higher than before the economic plans, reaching 84% a month in 1990. The government's inability to deal with inflation ultimately led parties that had led the political transition to lose the 1989 elections, the first elections under the new Constitution and the first presidential elections to take place by direct popular ballot since the 1964 military coup. Collor and Franco administrations (1990–1994) Collor (smiling) and Franco (glasses). After the impeachment of Collor, his former vice-president took office Collor's agenda focused on fighting corruption from Sarney's administration and completing the transition from the 21 years of military rule to civilian government. Economic changes aimed to control soaring inflation and modernization. Although he had massive support amongst the voters, the administration had a small parliamentary base as Collor's recently founded party had few deputies and no senators and faced fierce opposition from parties that had splintered from the Democratic Alliance: the Brazilian Democratic Movement Party (PMDB), Liberals (PFL), and Social Democrats (Brazilian Social Democracy Party, PSDB). His first act was known as Plano Collor: all savings accounts and financial investment were frozen, and the national currency was changed from the cruzado novo to the cruzeiro (NCz$1,000 = Cr$1). Plano Collor initially succeeded, but after six months failed in its primary goal, as inflation accelerated again. This started to erode Collor's prestige. Economic changes included lifting import barriers, exposing local companies to international competition. Many companies went bankrupt or were sold, unemployment grew and support for the government deteriorated. Parliamentary elections were held on October 15, 1990 and the government failed to win a reliable base in Congress and the president began to lose political support. In May 1991, Collor's brother Pedro Collor accused him of corruption, specifically of condoning an influence peddling scheme run by his campaign treasurer, Paulo César Farias. Congress and the Federal Police of Brazil began an investigation. Some months later, with the investigation progressing and under fire, Collor went on national television to ask for the people's support, by going out on the street and protesting against coup forces. On August 11, 1992, students organized by the União Nacional dos Estudantes (UNE), thousands of students protested on the streets against Collor. They often painted their faces, frequently in a mixture of the colors of the flag and protest-black, which led to calling them "Cara-pintada" (Painted Faces).[6] The brazilian real was created in Franco's administration and the plan basically saved the economy from its former hyperinflation On August 26, 1992, the final congressional inquiry report was released, where it was proven that Fernando Collor had personal expenses paid for by money raised by Paulo César Farias through his influence peddling scheme. Impeachment proceedings began in the lower house of congress on September 29, 1992. Collor was impeached, and subsequently removed from office by a vote of 441 for and 38 votes against.[7] Fernando Collor resigned his term in office just before the Brazilian Senate was to vote for his impeachment. The senate voted to impeach him anyway, suspending his political rights for eight years.[8] Franco distanced himself from Collor and made arrangements for a coalition government that included the main leaders from the PMDB, PFL, and PSDB. Franco appointed Fernando Henrique Cardoso as Minister of Treasury and gave him the responsibility of controlling inflation – the average annual inflation rate from 1990 to 1995 was 764%. Cardoso put together a successful stabilization program, Plano Real, that brought inflation to 6% annually. Franco's approval ratings rose and he supported Cardoso to succeed him. In the October 3, 1994 presidential elections, Fernando Henrique Cardoso was elected with 54% of the votes. FHC administration (1995–2002) President Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995–2002) President Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995–2002) His government is credited with providing economic stability to a country marred by years of hyperinflation. At the same time the Mexican, 1997 Asian, 1998 Russian and 1999–2002 Argentinian economic crises diminished the prospects for economic growth during his presidency. During his administration many state-owned companies were privatized, and agencies created for the first time to regulate many sectors of industry such as energy, oil, and aviation. Cardoso's administration also put a strong focus on external affairs. In addition to acceding to the WTO and participating in the Uruguay Round, Brazil participated in the INTERFET peacekeeping mission to East Timor. Lula administration (2003–2010) President Luíz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003–2010) President Luíz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003–2010) In 2002, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva of the Workers' Party (PT) won the presidency with more than 60% of the national vote. In the first months of his term, inflation rose perilously, reflecting the markets' uncertainty about the government's monetary policy. However, the markets' confidence in the government was regained as Lula chose to maintain his predecessor's policies, meaning the continuation of Central Bank's task of keeping inflation down. Since then, the country has undergone considerable economic growth and employment expansion. On the other hand, Lula's mainstream economic policies disappointed his most radical leftist allies, which led to a schism in the PT (Workers' Party) that resulted in the creation of PSOL. In 2005, Roberto Jefferson, chairman of the Brazilian Labour Party (PTB), was implicated in a bribery case. As a Parliamentary Commission of Inquiry was set up, Jefferson testified that the MPs were being paid monthly stipends to vote for government-backed legislation. In August of the same year, after further investigation, campaign manager Duda Mendonça admitted that he had used illegal undeclared money to finance the PT electoral victory of 2002. The money in both cases was found to have originated from private sources as well as from the advertising budget of state-owned enterprises headed by political appointees, both laundered through Duda's Mendonça advertising agency. These incidents were dubbed the Mensalão scandal. On August 24, 2007, the Brazilian Supreme Court (Supremo Tribunal Federal) accepted the indictments of 40 individuals relating to the Mensalão scandal, most of whom were former or current federal deputies, and all of whom were still allies of the Brazilian president.[9] The loss of support resulting from these scandals was outweighed by the president's popularity among voters of the lower classes, whose income per capita was increased as a consequence of higher employment, the expansion of domestic credit to consumers and government social welfare programs. The stable and solid economic situation of the country, which Brazil had not experienced in the previous 20 years, with fast growth in production both for internal consumers and exports as well as a soft but noticeable decrease in social inequality, may also partially explain the popularity of Lula's administration even after several corruption scandals involving important politicians connected to Lula and to PT. Hence Lula's re-election in 2006: After almost winning in the first round, Lula won the run-off against Geraldo Alckmin of the PSDB (Brazilian Social Democracy Party), by 20 million votes. Following Lula's second victory, his approval ratings rose again, fueled by continued of the economical and social achievements, to a record 80%, the highest for a Brazilian president since the end of the military regime. The focus of Lula's second term was further stimulation of the economy by investments in infrastructure and measures to keep expanding domestic credit to producers, industry, commerce and consumers alike. In 2009, Brazil's economic rise was temporarily halted by the worldwide financial crisis, forcing the government to implement a temporary tax relief policy in strategic segments of the economy like automobiles and construction. These measures helped the country prevent a long-term recession and ensured a quick recovery to Brazil's economic ascension. Another mark of Lula's second term was his effort to expand Brazil's political influence worldwide, especially after G20 (in which Brazil and other emerging economies participate) replaced the G8 as the main world forum of discussions. Just like his predecessor, he was an active defender of reform of the United Nations Security Council. Brazil is one of four nations (the others being Germany, India and Japan) officially coveting a permanent seat on the council. Lula saw himself as a friendly, peacemaker and conciliator head of state. Managing to befriend leaders of rival countries from the likes of Presidents George W. Bush and Barack Obama from the United States to Venezuelan leader Hugo Chávez, Cuban former president Fidel Castro, President of Bolivia Evo Morales, and Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, fueling protests inside and outside the country due to Ahmadinejad's polemical anti-Semitic statements. Lula took part in a deal with the governments of Turkey and Iran regarding Iran's nuclear program despite the United States' (among other nuclear powers) desire to strengthen the sanctions against the country, fearing the possibility of Iran develop nuclear weapons.[citation needed] During the Lula administration the Brazilian Army's most important assignment was being the main force of the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti, established to bring aid to the Haitian population, and it suffered many casualties during the 2010 Haiti earthquake which claimed hundreds of thousands of lives. Rousseff administration (2011–2016) President Dilma Rousseff (2011–2016) President Dilma Rousseff (2011–2016) On October 31, 2010, Dilma Rousseff, also from the Worker's Party, was the first woman elected President of Brazil, with her term beginning in the January 1, 2011. In her victory speech, Rousseff, who had also been a key member of Lula's administration, made clear that her mission during her term would be to continue her predecessor's policies to mitigate poverty and ensure continued economic growth. Challenges faced by Rousseff in her first term included managing infrastructure projects to increase economic activity, with special attention to the twelve cities that would host the upcoming 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil, especially Rio de Janeiro, a special case as it would also hold the 2016 Summer Olympics, as well as measures to protect the Brazilian economy from the ongoing economic crises in Europe and the United States. These contributed to reducing the growth of national GDP during the first half of her term, compared to her predecessor's tenure. On June 2011, Rouseff announced a program called "Brasil Sem Miséria" (Brazil Without Poverty), with the ambitious goal of drastically reducing absolute poverty in Brazil by the end of her term. Poverty afflicted 16 million people, a little less than a tenth of the population. The program involved broadening the Bolsa Família social welfare program and creating new job opportunities and establishing professional certification programs. In 2012, another program labeled "Brasil Carinhoso" (Tenderful Brazil) was launched with the objective of providing extra care to all children in Brazil who lived below the poverty threshold. Despite criticism from the domestic and international press regarding lower-than-expected economic results achieved during her first term as head of the government and of the measures taken to solve it, Rouseff's approval rates reached levels higher than any other president since the end of the military regime until a wave of protests struck the country in mid 2013 reflecting dissatisfaction from the people with current transport, healthcare and education policies, among other issues affecting the popularity not only of the president, but of several other governors and mayors from key areas in the country as well. In 2014, Rousseff won a second term by a narrow margin, but failed to prevent her popularity from falling. In June 2015, her approval dropped to less than 10%, after another wave of protests, this time organized by opponents who wanted her out of power, amid revelations that numerous politicians, including some from her party, were being investigated for accepting bribes from the state-owned energy company Petrobras from 2003 to 2010, while she was on the company's board of directors. Temer administration (2016–2018) President Temer (2016–2018) President Temer (2016–2018) After a process of impeachment opened against Rousseff in late 2015 culminated with her temporarily removed from power in 12 May 2016, vice-president Michel Temer took office until the final trial was concluded in 31 August 2016, when Rousseff was officially impeached and Temer was sworn president until the end of the term.[10] During the impeachment process, Brazil hosted the 2016 Summer Olympics. In 2016 ex-president Lula became the subject of investigations under Operation Car Wash. He was sentenced in 2018 for money laundering and passive corruption; his arrest occurred on 7 April.[11] His party tried to launch him as a candidate for president from prison in the election, but the proposal was rejected by the Congress. On 2 September 2018, a large fire destroyed Brazil's National Museum and most of its collection. Bolsonaro administration (2019–) President Bolsonaro (2019–) President Bolsonaro (2019–) On 28 October 2018, right wing congressman and former army captain Jair Bolsonaro was elected President of Brazil, defeating Fernando Haddad and disrupting sixteen years of continuous left-wing rule by the Worker's Party (PT).[12] With an unprecedented corruption scandal eroding the public's trust of institutions, Bolsonaro's position as a political outsider along with his hardline ideology against crime and corruption helped him win the presidential election, despite his past misogynist[13][14] or racist[15] remarks and his supportive view of the 21-year dictatorship.[16][12] Bolsonaro took office as president on 1 January 2019. During the first year of Bolsonaro's presidency, deforestation of the Amazon rainforest reached its highest level in 11 years in spite of the rainforest's important role in mitigating climate change.[17] Bolsonaro's policies of increasing industry in the Amazon and the use of the slash-and-burn method for clearing forest areas eventually lead to a significant increase in Amazon rainforest wildfires in 2019 compared to previous years.[17][18] On 25 January, at least 110 people died in the Brumadinho dam disaster in Minas Gerais. On 12 November 2019, his government approved the Pension reform in Brazil, which will bring savings of over R$800 billion in 10 years. In May 2020, the nation surpassed various earlier hotspots of the disease to become as of 21 May the third most affected country in the global COVID-19 pandemic.[citation needed] See also 1. ^ Maria Helena Moreira Alves (2014). State and Opposition in Military Brazil. University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0292761391 – via Google Books. 4. ^ The Hyperinflation in Brazil, 1980–1994 6. ^ Rezende, Tatiana Matos UNE 70 Anos: "Fora Collor: o grito da juventude cara-pintada" Archived September 3, 2007, at the Wayback Machine União Nacional dos Estudantes. Retrieved August 17, 2007. 7. ^ Lattman-Weltman, Fernando. September 29, 1992: Collor's Impeachment Archived August 14, 2007, at the Wayback Machine(in Portuguese) Fundação Getúlio Vargas. Retrieved August 17, 2007. 9. ^ Folha Online: STF opens criminal action 10. ^ Watts, Jonathan (May 12, 2016). "Dilma Rousseff suspended as senate votes to impeach Brazilian president". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved September 3, 2016. 11. ^ "Ex-President 'Lula' of Brazil Surrenders to Serve 12-Year Jail Term". New York Times. April 7, 2018. Retrieved October 27, 2018. 12. ^ a b Abdalla, Jihan (January 2, 2020). "One year under Brazil's Bolsonaro: 'What we expected him to be'". Al Jazeera. Al Jazeera Media Network. Retrieved February 21, 2020. 13. ^ "Brazilian congressman ordered to pay compensation over rape remark". The Guardian. São Paulo. Associated Press. September 18, 2015. Retrieved February 21, 2020. 14. ^ Phillips, Tom (September 21, 2018). "'Stop this disaster': Brazilian women mobilise against 'misogynist' right Bolsonaro". The Guardian. Guardian News & Media Limited. Retrieved February 21, 2020. [Jair Bolsonaro] has mocked women as idiots and as tramps, as unworthy of rape, let alone equal pay. 15. ^ Phillips, Tom (January 24, 2020). "Jair Bolsonaro's racist comment sparks outrage from indigenous groups". The Guardian. Guardian News & Media Limited. Retrieved February 21, 2020. In the 1990s, Bolsonaro, then a little-known congressman, publicly lamented how troops had failed to obliterate Brazil’s indigenous communities. 16. ^ Reeves, Philip (July 30, 2018). "Dictatorship Was A 'Very Good' Period, Says Brazil's Aspiring President". NPR. Retrieved February 21, 2020. Bolsonaro's admiration for the army extends to the country's repressive military dictatorship that ruled from 1964-85. He describes this to NPR as 'a very good' period, that 'stopped Brazil [from] falling under the sway of the Soviet Union.' 17. ^ a b Sandy, Matt (December 5, 2019). "'The Amazon Is Completely Lawless': The Rainforest After Bolsonaro's First Year". The New York Times. Rio de Janeiro. Retrieved February 21, 2020. Brazil’s space agency reported that in one year, more than 3,700 square miles of the Amazon had been razed.... It was the highest loss in Brazilian rainforest in a decade, and stark evidence of just how badly the Amazon, an important buffer against global warming, has fared in Brazil’s first year under President Jair Bolsonaro. 18. ^ Houeix, Romain (August 22, 2019). "The Amazon is burning – and Brazilians are blaming Bolsonaro". France 24. Retrieved February 21, 2020. This page was last edited on 10 October 2021, at 23:27
Quick Answer: How To Be Successful In An Online Learning Environment? What will you do to be a successful student in a digital learning environment? Seven Digital Learning Tips for Students 1. You have to have a sense of self. 3. You have GOT to know how to collaborate. 5. You need to communicate well in writing. 6. You must follow the community norms. 7. You must be your own advocate. How would you create a positive online learning environment? 8 Steps to Create a Positive and Healthy Virtual Classroom 1. Schedule One-on-One Chats. 2. Create a Sense of Belonging. 3. Discuss Rules and Standards of Engagement. 4. Routine, Routine, Routine. 5. Creating a Study Space. 6. Break Time. 7. Virtual Office Hours or Check-in Time. 8. Empower Change and Flexibility. How can we help online students? How to Support Students as Online Learning Continues 1. Create clear structures. 2. Provide a high-touch experience. 3. Break out rooms. 4. Personalized videos. 5. Office hours. 6. Introduce innovative portals. 7. Encourage engagement. 8. Listen to student feedback. You might be interested: Often asked: What Is Microsoft Online Learning? How do you adapt to online learning? on Adapting to Distance Learning 1. Set clear expectations. 2. Provide structure and stick to it. 3. Establish a working space for kids. 4. Don’t allow what wouldn’t be allowed in the classroom. 5. Give kids breaks. 6. Use positive reinforcement. 7. Remember that the school staff is there to help. 8. Rely on your fellow parents as resources. What makes a good learning environment? A good learning environment offers a safe platform for learners. In order to maintain a safe learning environment, learners must feel supported, welcomed, and respected. But many learning platforms and their codes of conduct don’t always consider or support the positive climate. How can we improve our learning environment? Five Ways To Improve Your Learning Environments 1. Make The Most Of Natural Environments. 2. Put Children’s Play At The Centre of Playgrounds. 3. Collaborate To Create Environments That Work For Everyone. 4. Take Control Of Your Classroom Design. 5. Discover Local Opportunities To Make Learning Real. How do you create a positive environment? 6 simple ways to foster a positive work environment 1. Prioritize onboarding and training. 2. Create a comfortable work environment. 3. Conduct regular check-ins. 4. Encourage collaboration and communication. 5. Develop a strong workplace culture. 6. Facilitate opportunities for learning. How do you help students struggle with online learning? 10 Tips for Supporting Students Struggling with Online Learning 2. Be proactive. 3. Encourage engagement. 4. Develop your online presence. 5. Reduce tech overload. 6. Provide scaffolding. 7. Be flexible and offer options. 8. Give students a lifeline. How can I help my students succeed? 8 Things Teachers Can Do to Help Students Succeed 1. Set High Expectations. 2. Establish a Classroom Routine. 3. Practice the ‘Daily Fives’ 4. Continually Grow in Your Profession. 5. Help Students Climb Bloom’s Taxonomy Pyramid. 6. Vary Your Instruction. 7. Show That You Care About Every Student. 8. Be Transparent and Ready to Help. You might be interested: What Is Central To Language Learning In Both Online And Classroom-based Environments.? How can we help struggling learners? 10 Tips for Teaching a Struggling Learner 1. Teach Through Direct Instruction. 2. Choose an Incremental Approach to Lessons. 3. Understand the Importance of Multisensory Instruction. 5. Teach Just One New Concept at a Time. 6. Teach Reliable Rules. What are the disadvantages of online learning? Ten Disadvantages of Online Courses • Online courses require more time than on-campus classes. • Online courses make it easier to procrastinate. • Online courses require good time-management skills. • Online courses may create a sense of isolation. • Online courses allow you to be more independent. What are the biggest challenges facing online education today? • Adaptability Struggle. • Technical Issues. • Computer Literacy. • Time Management. • Self-Motivation. How effective is online learning? Written by Leave a Reply
The battery hen battle Jane Howorth, founder of the British Hen Welfare Trust, explains the history behind the campaign to give farmed chickens a better life. When I talk to people adopting our ex-bats, I am surprised at just how many think that battery hens are no longer kept in cages and haven’t been for some time. Their surprise when I tell them that it is not until next year that small cages are out, but that bigger, replacement ‘enriched’ cages are in, shows me there is still considerable confusion about exactly what is going to happen when the cage ban finally takes place. So let me explain why farmers keep hens as they do, and why it is ultimately consumers who are paving the way for change. In order to understand what is happening today, it is necessary to understand why battery cages were ever introduced into the UK. Initially of course, all laying hens were farmed outdoors in small flocks with manual egg collecting and extensive management systems. However, this was labour intensive and, in the 1930s, the battery cage system was developed. It was designed predominantly to minimise the risk of disease and improve management efficiency, and became increasingly popular after the Second World War. When the country was poor and cheap, plentiful eggs offered a reliable source of solid, healthy nutrition to the nation. At this stage farmers were highly respected for their important role in helping the country get back on its feet. Their efforts were supported by the then British Egg Marketing Board with the long-running advertising campaign ‘Go to work on an Egg’, first started in the 1950s, which included the famous Tony Hancock TV advertisement in 1965. The message was clear: that having an egg for breakfast was the best way to start the day. Good for egg sales, but not so good for the hens, as it is fair to point out that at this stage in the history of laying hens, there was little awareness of their well being. Initially cages were designed for one hen, but then two became the norm and, before long, multi-bird cages were developed. Also, in the 1950s, the benefits of a controlled environment proved that higher production levels could be achieved relatively easily, hence temperature and lighting controls were introduced with mechanised feeding, watering and hygiene inevitably following on. Add to this the genetic modifications made to the birds themselves to enhance egg performance, and you can see that intensive farming was well on its way, leading to some of the huge units we still have today housing tens of thousands of hens in a relatively small area. The intensive system rolled along successfully until, in the 1970s, Clare Druce, together with her mother, Violet Spalding, set up a welfare organisation called Chickens’ Lib, the first pressure group to cast a spotlight on the rights and wrongs of intensive egg production. Chickens’ Lib succeeded in drawing attention to the millions of laying hens kept out of the sight and minds of consumers. Clare used publicity stunts to draw attention to her campaign, such as putting chickens in mock cages outside Government buildings, ensuring the media were there to observe her. She was soon joined in her crusade by the RSPCA and Compassion in World Farming, both of whom have campaigned for a ban on caged production in the UK. Predictably, when the spotlight was put onto the egg industry, questioning the ethics of keeping sentient creatures confined in small spaces for a prolonged period, the knock-on effect was that farmers slowly fell from grace. As animal rights activists took over the crusade, and the resulting media attention grew ever more ugly, so the farmers themselves became more reclusive. Sadly, none of this had a positive impact, and the numbers of hens being kept in the cages throughout the UK slowly increased as demand continued to grow for cheap eggs. Most Read However, with welfare firmly on the agenda, the RSPCA introduced the aspirational idea of five basic freedoms for all farm animals, including freedom from hunger and thirst; freedom from discomfort; freedom from pain, injury and disease; freedom to behave normally and freedom from fear and distress … and very slowly the public began to understand the sentience of laying hens. It was partly the failure of shock tactics to stem the growth in numbers of caged hens that part inspired the aims of the British Hen Welfare Trust: that is to build a bridge between welfare and commerce, to educate consumers in a positive way and, ultimately, have an influence on the shopping habits of discerning consumers. In 2003, the charity began its re-homing initiative which provided an excellent opportunity to effectively educate consumers about laying hens; each flock adopted spread the message to family, friends, neighbours and work colleagues. Gradually changing public perception of what is deemed the acceptable treatment of farm animals has brought the concept of welfare firmly to the fore, and meant that farmers not only have to provide food that is safe to eat, but also food that has been ethically produced. NEXT MONTH: The Cage Ban - there is now an unprecedented opportunity to improve the life of millions of laying birds throughout Europe.
CDC urges doctors to prevent Zika spread during labor, delivery U.S. health officials are reminding healthcare workers to use standard protective gear when delivering babies to prevent possible infection with Zika or transmission of the virus to newborns. The Zika virus that is quickly spreading in the Caribbean and the Americas is primarily transmitted by mosquito bites, but the virus has also been detected in body fluids, including blood, urine, amniotic fluid and saliva, and several cases of sexual transmission have occurred. Because most people infected with the virus do not have symptoms, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that standard infection precautions be observed at all times, regardless of whether Zika is confirmed or suspected. Such procedures include frequent hand washing, the use of personal protective equipment such as masks and double gloves, safe injection practices and safe handling of potentially contaminated equipment or surfaces. These measures are already recommended to prevent transmission of other blood-borne viruses, such as the human immunodeficiency virus or HIV and hepatitis C virus. In the report, CDC experts say studies have shown that healthcare personnel working in labor and delivery tend to cut corners on wearing protective gear in routine cases, citing concerns that the gear reduces dexterity and that protective goggles fog up. But given the "theoretical risk" of infection, CDC experts said protective measures need to be taken to protect healthcare workers and infants from exposure to the virus during labor and delivery procedures. More on this... Zika infection has been associated with microcephaly, a congenital birth defect marked by small head size and underdeveloped brains, and the precautions are meant to prevent transmission of the virus to pregnant women or to healthcare workers whose partners may be pregnant. Zika infection has also been linked with Guillain-Barre Syndrome, an autoimmune disorder that causes temporary paralysis.
Get the latest Education e-news • Results from Game Design Challenge: Disorganized Sports - Danny Cowan • João Gabriel Guedes Pinheiro, Student of Game Design in Univali, Brazil, The Ballad of the Archer The player, then, begin his journey to the Kingdom's Court by using his bow. The very basic concept is: You have the draw, the arrow flying and the hit. Your job is to choose each "part of the symphony", so if you use some strong rope, the sound of it being released will be different than a weaker rope, and so is the object being hit; You may hit a chunk of wood, or a vase of porcelain, and each different sound will affect the theme of your song. In a concrete example: In the first level, the tutorial, you must discover your hidden talent of "musical power". You control the game like a FPS, with the keyboard controlling the aim and the mouse the strength that you are putting on the shot. Then, after moving your arms, you can decide where to shoot, and independent, you will have a "magical moment" in which you discover that yes, it's musical enough to be a Bard and it's very good. The visual style of the game is heavily based on old cartoons, like Tom and Jerry, because that's the idea, something that must not be considered serious in any way. If you hit a arrow through the eye of "Not the Target", they will scream, but there will be no blood at all. If you shot the chicken, it will be screaming or with the white eyes and small birds flying around her head. There are colors, and besides the description of each item, like "The Chicken: It's Funny because I Say it Is", or "The Violin: Not to be Played. Seriously", there is no actual music in the game. That's the premise, after all. A gorgeous cartoon game that makes a Archer being a Musician because he shoot stuff and hear it as the music of heavens. comments powered by Disqus
Travel to The Great Wall of China INDEPHEDIA.com - No trip to China is complete without visiting the Great Wall of China, a human-created building located in China. The Great Wall of China or the Great Wall of China is one Seven Wonders of the World and was included in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in 1987. Historically, the construction of this wall was one most important parts in the history of Chinese architecture, namely to limit urban and residential areas. Another theory says that the great wall was erected, including defenses, land ownership boundaries, border borders and communication channels to convey messages. From its physical appearance, the Great Wall of China is not a continuous length, but a collection of short walls that follow the shape of the mountains of northern China. Based on generally accepted written evidence, basically this great wall was constructed by the majority in the period Qin Dynasty, Han Dynasty and Ming Dynasty. However, most gigantic walls standing today were constructed in the Ming period. On April 18, 2009, after an accurate investigation by the government People's Republic of China, it was announced that the giant wall constructed during the Ming Dynasty period was 8,851 kilometers long. In addition, the term great wall or long wall was not found during the previous dynasty. However, after this wall was built by Ming, then the term "changcheng" (large wall or long wall) was known. Regardless of how it is named, the Great Wall of China or the Great Wall of China is still visited by many tourists from all over the world. (SW.IN/*) Buka Komentar Tutup Komentar No comments: Write comment Back to Top
• Join over 1.2 million students every month • Accelerate your learning by 29% • Unlimited access from just £6.99 per month 1. 1 2. 2 3. 3 4. 4 5. 5 6. 6 7. 7 8. 8 9. 9 10. 10 11. 11 A Study of Air Supremacy in the Korean War. Extracts from this document... History 333, The Historical Method-- Arthur Coumbe, Professor A Study of Air Supremacy in the Korean War By Tom Spearman The Korean War was the first major test of the newly formed United States Air Force. It had been in existence for only three years when North Korea invaded South Korea on June 25, 1950. The North Koreans purpose was to attempt to unite the country under communist rule. When hostilities first broke out the United States war machine was not fully prepared to stop the aggression. War material was in great supply but it had to be brought out of storage. More importantly, most of the experienced military personnel had returned to the civilian sector. The Far East Air Force (FEAF), composed of the Thirteenth in the Philippines, the Twentieth on Guam, and the Fifth in Japan, were responsible for carrying the air war to the enemy.1 The journal, Air Power History, chronicles the stages of the air war and focuses on the integral components that made up the totality of America's response to achieve and maintain air superiority. The aim of the journal was to examine the contributions of each component and demonstrate how their integration as a cohesive force helped achieve their goal, which in turn led to a peaceful settlement. Specifically it looked at the commanders, logistics, combat cargo, strategic interdiction, close air support, aerial combat, search and rescue, and reconnaissance. The historian, William T. Y'Blood of the Air Force History Support Office, and several others wrote and compiled many of the articles in the journal concerning this period. The discussion will focus and highlight on the information found in these articles to determine the accuracy and relevancy of their historiography. The plan for air power at the beginning of the conflict was simple and straightforward. The United States Army and Navy were able to halt the North Korean advance because FEAF was able to obtain and maintain air superiority within one month against the relatively weak North Korean Air Force. ...read more. I became particularly irate when I found new holes very near a main wing tank. I walked over to the radio jeep and told the operator. He called down two fighters and each dropped a napalm tank on the knoll. Blood curdling screams rose up as the deadly liquid rolled downhill. After that show of air superiority, I returned to my C-47 and got on board. As my eyes transitioned from bright sunlight to dim interior light, I eyed my load: a significant number of men lay frozen as they had fallen, with their extremities cast in all directions and faces contorted statues of severe pain. They were stacked and intertwined on each side of the cabin, secured with ropes for flight. I would be flying an aerial hearse, but to do it with dignity I flew extra smoothly. 25 From Colonel Fritz's account it is apparent that even those who flew cargo missions were not immune from hostile activity. After the battle line stabilized at the 38th parallel his squadron was put at further risk when it was decided a forward operating detachment would be established at Kimpo, South Korea. The journal Air Power History covers the role of airlift and logistics in several articles, emphasizing the importance of its role. It relied upon primary sources, such as the author noted above and secondary ones, to include William Y'Blood and William Suit. Logistics and movement of cargo by air were almost like a single entity in that they were the life-blood for the troops on the ground and pilots fighting in the air. The war simply could not have been won without their contribution. The next part of this paper will focus on the combatants who fought in the skies over Korea and the role they played to help win air supremacy. Specifically it will analyze FEAF's strategic and tactical efforts, including their failures and successes. ...read more. 2 (Summer 2001): 18. 14 Ibid, 19. 15 Ibid, 20. 16 Ibid. 17 Ibid. 18 Ibid, 21. 19 Ibid, 22. 20 Ibid, 23. 24 C-47 aircraft were the only ones in the Korean War that could operate out of primitive airstrips. In this particular case the Marines had bulldozed the airfield to 5,000 feet at the cost of many lives. Heavy equipment operators working at night under floodlights were shot at routinely while they worked. Paul C. Fritz, "The Kysuhu Gypsy Squadron in Korea," Air Power History, Vol. 47, No 3 (Fall 2000): 10. 25 Ibid, 11. The Marines at Chosin Reservoir sustained over 8,000 casualties, including 751 killed and over 2,800 wounded. The rest were non-battle victims, mostly from the cold. 26 William T. Y'Blood, "B-29s Over Korea," APH, Vol. 47, No. 2 (Summer 2000): 26. 27 Joe Baugher, "Boeing B-29 Superfortress," [book on-line]; available on www.csd.uwo.ca/`pettypi/elevon/baugher_us/b029.html; Internet accessed on 18 November 2002. 28 Ibid. 29 Ibid. 30 William T. Y'Blood, "Air Superiority," APH, Vol. 47, No. 2 (Summer 2000): 16. 31 Forrest L. Marion, "Sabre Pilot Pickup: Unconventional Contributions to Air Superiority in Korea," APH, Vol.49, No. 1 (Spring 2002): 24-25. 32 Ibid, 25. 33 Ibid, 27. 34 Ibid, 23. 35 Ibid, 24. 36 William T. Y'Blood, "Search and Rescue," APH, Vol. 47, No. 2 (Summer 2000): 43. 37 William T. Y'Blood, "Reconnaissance," APH, Vol. 47, No. 2 (Summer 2000): 37. 38 Robert F. Futrell, The United States Air Force in Korea, Washington, D.C., Office of Air Force History, United States Air Force, 1983: 545. 39 Ibid, 555. 40 Ibid, 548. 41 Ibid, 551. 42 On page 37 of "Reconnaissance," in APJ, Vol. 47, No. 2 (Summer 2000): on page 37 the author W. Y'Blood cited overall statistics on reconnaissance activity without giving a source. I found the source, cross-referencing it to pages 555 of Robert Futrell's book The United States Air Force in Korea. The information was copied almost word for word. More than likely it was just an oversight. ...read more. The above preview is unformatted text Found what you're looking for? • Start learning 29% faster today • 150,000+ documents available • Just £6.99 a month Not the one? Search for your essay title... • Join over 1.2 million students every month • Accelerate your learning by 29% • Unlimited access from just £6.99 per month See related essaysSee related essays Related AS and A Level International History, 1945-1991 essays 1. Moon Landing: Conspiracy or Reality? In this essay I have analyzed the physiological, political and technological views surrounding the controversy around landing on the moon in July 21st 1969. 2. How important was the war at sea War at sea was successful while Britain was blocking German navy, this helped Britain take the control of the seas therefore she could support Western Front and Home Front. The War at sea was equally balanced in both sides. It would be a great advantage for one side to get the control of the seas. and a general understanding of the circumstances, and strategies of the countries involved. Korea is a country that is not very well known to the general public. Only one specific historical event highlights it; the Korean War. Korea was also deeply involved in the Second World War, although not many 2. Free essay The Korean War represented total defeat for the Truman Doctrine? H. Brogan. How far ... pawn for the war that was going on between them, however, in perspective, this was not full blown war with the USSR ad therefore the aim was succeeded, proving, with this aim, Brogan's argument is wrong. As it has been previously mentioned, this was meant to be a war to help free people. for one main reason: to know whether their enemy state intends to fight them. And the documentary concludes that the answer lay hidden not in a satellite photo, or an agent report, but in the minds of their opponents. The second documentary, "Korea," on the other hand, focused on the Military Capability as an instrument of foreign policy. 2. To what extent was the Korean conflict of 1950 to 1953 a 'turning point' ... With the outbreak of the Korean War, however, the fear of a revived Germany was transcended by an intense paranoia of communist expansion. 2. Why did the United States become so deeply involved in the Korean War in ... For the first time, there had been a reverse in the traditional US policy of isolationism and the US was no longer involved solely on the basis of direct interests being a factor. As a result, these factors contribute to the idea of the US being more deeply involved in • Over 160,000 pieces of student written work • Annotated by experienced teachers • Ideas and feedback to improve your own work
German Unification Timeline • Period: to Napoleon Invades German Lands Napoleon invades German lands and obtains land along the Rhine river to France. At first some germans welcomed the French emperor. Napoleon's conquests were what sparked nationalism in Germany. • Period: to Congress of Viena The objective of the Congres of Vienna was to reorganize and redistribute land in Europe after Napoleon's conquests. Germany wanted to unify but the congress denied their request because they wanted to focus on returning Europe to the way it was before Napoleon as opposed to creating new countries. • Birth of Otto Von Bismarck Birth of Otto Von Bismarck Otto von Bsmarck was born August 1st 1815 in Schonhausen, Germany. He would later grow up to be insturmental in the unification of Germany. • Period: to This was a union of Prussia formed to dissolve the tariff barriers between German states. This allowed farmers and merchants to trade between states without paying a heavy tax. The Zollverein was the first major step towards German unification. • Period: to Frankfurt Assemby demands unity The Assembly began drafting a constitution for a unified Germany that would replace the German Confederation. Some of the people in the assembly wanted Austria to be included and others wanted to exclude Austria. The Frankfurt Assembly failed to unify Germany • Frederick William IV is Offered the Throne Frederick William IV is Offered the Throne The people offer the throne to William IV, but he refuses because he will not listen to or take advice from people on a "lower level" than him. • Bismarck becomes Chancellor Bismarck becomes Chancellor Otoo von Bismarck is named chancellor by KIng William I. • Blood and Iron Speech Blood and Iron Speech Bismarck set the tone for his fututre policies to build a strong, unified Germsn state. He conveyed the fact that he would achieve what he he aspired, when he wanted it, or else he would take it forcefully. • Bismarck Declares War on Denmark Bismarck Declares War on Denmark Bismarck formed an alliance with Austria in 1864, then he took the provinces of Schleswig and Holstein from Denmark forcefully, going by his blood and iron policies. • Bismarck Declares War on Austria Bismarck Declares War on Austria Bismarck created an excuse to attack it's former ally Austria. After 7 weeks, Bismarck won and seized their territory along with some other northern provinves. • William I of Prussia Becomes Emperor William I of Prussia Becomes Emperor Princes from the southern German states and the Northern German Confederation persuaded William I to take the position as emperor. This was the beginning of the Second Reich. • Period: to Campaign against the Socialists Socialist groups wanted change for the working class. Bismarck feared a revolution, so he created laws outlawing socailsm newspapers and socialist groups. This backfired and brought those groups closer together. Then, Bismarck gave in and passed socialist health care, accident insurance, and old-age insurance with retirement benefits. This showed the socialists that change could happen without fighting. • Period: to Franco-Prussian War Bismarck tricked Napoleon into attacking Germany. The French army was badly organized and poorly supplied, and Napoleon III surrendered within a few months. • The Second Reich is Created The Second Reich is Created William I becomes emperor with Bismarck as chancellor. Thus begins the second Reich, or empire, considered to be the next Holy Roman Empire. • House of Krupp House of Krupp The metal company Krupp prospers and sells weapons in a global economy. • Period: to Population Growth The German population increased by about 25 million, and it becomes more industrialized. The economy advances and society becomes more efficient. • Period: to Bismarck campaigns against the church and clergy, who he believes is loyal first to the Pope and not Germany. He passes laws that limit Catholic power and that alllow supervision of Catholic education. Again, these laws backfire and the Catholics rally together and stand against him. Bismarck realizes his mistake and tries to make peace. • Constitution Drafted by Bismarck Constitution Drafted by Bismarck Bismarck sets up a two-house legislature where the upper house, known as the Bundesrat, was appointed by the rulers of the German states. The lower house, the Reichstag, was elected by male voters. The Bundesrat could veto any decisions made by the Reichstag, so the power remained with the emperor and the chancellor. • William II becomes Kaiser William II becomes Kaiser William II was the grandson of William I. He asked Bismarck to resign because he believed in only one ruler. • Bismarck Resigns Bismarck Resigns William II shocks Europe by ordering Bismarck to resign because believe there can only be one man in charge.
Communication in the Age of Shortened Attention Spans Attention spans communication IGPR It's no secret: we're living in the digital age. According to a Microsoft Corp. study, the average person now loses concentration after eight secondsone second shorter than a gold fish. Prior to 2000the year that's considered the start of the mobile ageour attention span was 12 seconds. What accounts for this four-second deficit in our mental capacity? The easy answer: technology, social media and a drastic transformation in our culture. Children now operate cell phones as well as they do building blocks; teenagers haven’t lived without mobile devices or social media; adults are constantly confronting the need to adapt to the technological way of the future. Mobile devices allow everyone to stay connected, even as we travel from location to location. This has an obvious benefit to the world of communications. After all, more screen time means more opportunity to grab someone’s attention. However, the question remains: how do we attract and retain an audience's attention? Impact Group attention spans Solving the Problem of Lost Focus We so often click from article to article, reading headlines and brief summaries rather than getting the full picture. No one cares enough to read a full article or delve into long paragraphs. Headlines have replaced articles, video clips have replaced full-length videos and social media has replaced human interaction. This begs the question: How do you cope with losing one-fourth of your opportunity to catch a customer's attention? Again, here's the easy answer: Play to what made your audience lose their attention span in the first place. The world of communications and media has changed by necessity and is now tailoring itself to the shorter attention spans of the modern working individual. A perfect example of this lies in the blog you are currently reading. Look up. Do you see long, essay-like paragraphs? Or do you see short, two or three-sentence snippets? Your answer proves the point that we no longer possess the basic ability to maintain interest. Communicators have adapted and developed methods of reaching the public, despite their increasingly short attention spans. Headlines now accomplish one of two goals: • First: Present the most important pieces of information in a five to seven word headline. • Second: Give only a snippet of the information, so that the reader is forced to read more. The strategy you choose to utilize depends on the sensitivity of the information and your overall goal for distributing it. Impact Group communication age Generating Easy-to-read Content Communicators have also adapted to create faster, more easily processed content. The easier it is to the read, the more likely a short attention spanned consumer is to take the time to read it. The process of creating catchy and slightly hyperbolized titles is a common technique to entice readers and make them actually stop whatever they were previously doingif even for a moment. Our shortened attention spans have, in a sense, started an information warfare in which businesses, politicians and public figures battle over the consumer. Not only are these efforts an effect of shortened attention spans, but they are also one of the key causes. Ask yourself: How has this shift affected you? Are you a business owner who is struggling to reach or maintain clients with short attention spans? Or are you a politician who needs to gain some name recognition in an upcoming election? Regardless, we have a solution for you. The Impact Group can meet all of your marketing, public relations and communication needs. We specialize in captivating your intended audience using a combination of new and old techniques. Contact us today to learn more about our attention-grabbing strategies! Topics: Lead Generation, Engagement, Content Marketing, Leads, Marketing, Motivation, Digital Marketing Subscribe to Email Updates Visit our website! Trending Posts
Speedy NEWS Crypto art (NFT art) has changed contemporary art into a money game! Sometimes, before we realize it, we have entered into a historical moment. In 1917, an artist named Marcel Duchamp exhibited a work called “Fountain” at an exhibition in New York by the Society of Independent Artists, which was open to works from all participants. The work called “Fountain” was simply a male urinal. It was denounced by the exhibition judges. About 100 years later, in December 2004, 500 British art experts named Duchan’s “Fountain” one of the most influential works of the 20th century. It is considered to be the origin of contemporary art. An event of similar historical importance occurred on March 11, 2021. The digital artwork “Everydays: the First 5000 Days” by the video artist Beeple (real name Mike Winkelmann) was sold for the high price of $69 million at a Christie’s auction. This was the third-highest price in history from a living artist. By the way, the highest-price work was by Jeff Koons and the second-highest was by David Hockney. Founded in 1766, Christie’s is the first auction house to handle purely digital art like “Everydays.” After a 10-day online auction, over 22 million people watched the moment of the sale. Allow me to explain why an artist whose work was virtually unknown managed to sell work at such a high price. Beeple’s work is part of the new field of “crypto art” (some also call it “NFT art”). It refers to art given unique value through the use of blockchain technology, a technology that also powers cryptocurrencies. By associating a work of crypto art with an NFT (non-fungible token), which keeps a record of the owner and other information, that work can be given “one-of-a-kind” value akin to that of physical artwork. When such works are resold, they will retain a permanent digital record of their history. Blockchain emerged as the technology behind virtual currencies, but the technology’s strengths have been extended and applied to other fields, including crypto art. The cryptocurrency used for crypto art runs on a blockchain called Ethereum. Purchasing Beeple’s work required payment in a cryptocurrency called Ether (based on Ethereum, a different blockchain from Bitcoin). Payment required a transfer to Christie’s digital wallet. Beeple’s work “Everydays” is a collection of 5,000 daily works made over the 14 years since May 1, 2007. Beeple says that he had never priced his works at more than $969. – An article from 2017 about the release of Beeple’s 3,650th work after 10 years of daily creations. However, a month before the high-priced winning bid, there was a sign of things to come. In February 2021, another work by Beeple called “Crossroad” was resold by art collector and NFT investor Pablo Rodriguez-Fraile less than six months after he had purchased it. “Crossroad” was resold for $6.6 million, close to 100 times the original purchase price. Rodriguez-Fraile’s motives may have been questionable—he seems to have purchased the work due to Beeple’s reputation in the art community. Some people likely gave him information about its investment value, not its artistic value. Or perhaps they are the masterminds! The intermediary for this transaction was not Christie’s but Nifty Gateway, an NFT trading platform. The sale of “Crossroads” was set up so that the artist receives a percentage of the resale amount. There was a 10% royalty set for the work on Nifty Gateway, so Rodriguez-Fraile’s resale of “Crossroads” should have led to a royalty of about $660,000 to Beeple. So who was it that placed the winning bid for “Everydays: the First 5000 Days?” The winner was not a traditional art collector but Metapurse, a Singapore-based crypto fund. The fund was co-founded by Twobadour and another pseudonymous investor named Metakovan, a longtime crypto investor. It seems that Metapurse’s win on March 11th was due to cooperation by the pair from different locations. The bidding began five minutes before the end of the auction. In that time, the price of the work jumped from less than $20 million to over $60 million. “We believe it’s a $1 billion dollar piece eventually,” says Twobadour. The sale featured 33 bidders, 91% of which were new users. By age, 33% of the users were from Generation X (1965-1980) and 58% were Millenials (1981-1996). In other words, 90% of auction participants were first-timers and 60% were from 25 to 40 years old! These were not preexisting art collectors. According to a 2020 report by L’Atelier BNP Paribas and nonfungible.com, most of Beeple’s work is sold for well over $100,000 and is driving the crypto art boom that pushed the cryptocurrency market to a scale of approximately $250 million. Beeple’s auction sale represents a new kind of money game aimed at resale. One could also call it a kind of market manipulation only possible in a market that, unlike the stock market, is still developing and does not have established rules. Traditional art collectors shouldn’t blindly accept this as a speculative move. It is akin to a speculative stock that triples in price from $20 million to $60 million five minutes before market close. It is a work of alchemy that, with 22 million online viewers, transformed human desires into economic value. For the economic value of an artwork to be maintained for a long period, the work’s “creative value” needs to also be appreciated for a long period. If not, its value will someday crash. I pray that Beeple can become the next Duchan… Platforms for creating and selling NFT art Platforms where you can buy or resell the works of others and announce your own works without review so long as you have a cryptocurrency wallet and the cryptocurrency Ether (based on Ethereum blockchain). Platforms with a review process that handle works by prominent figures, established artists, etc. Super Rare Nifty Gateway Platforms not limited to art NFTs that also offer in-game item NFTs and many others ◆How to buy crypto art Digital platforms have a greater variety of works than traditional auction houses. For example, today it seems that the platform Nifty Gateway will release new work by UK artist D*FACE. By the way, the work has already sold for $53,600. #repost @niftygateway Instantly recognized as one of the UK’s most prolific Urban Contemporary artists, @dface_official has occupied the forefront of his practice since 2005. His collection drops today starting at 1:30 PM EST ◆Metakovan, mystery buyer of Beeple’s $69.3 million NFT art, reveals identity ◆Who is Vignesh Sundaresan, aka ‘Metakovan’? Born in India, Sundaresan is 33 years old. He is a graduate of Canada’s Carleton University is currently a cryptocurrency startup entrepreneur based in Singapore. Vignesh Sundaresan aka ‘Metakovan’ is a Singapore-based blockchain entrepreneur, coder and angel investor. He has announced a $500,000 fellowship for ‘crypto storytellers’ funded by his crypto investment firm, Metapurse. ◆MetaKovan on Why He Spent $69 Million on a Jpeg
Dyzzleberry Dictionary :: Planet Authair - Orbit Authair’s orbit revolves around the center of gravity produced by a triple star system. The two primary stars controlling Authair’s orbit, each on opposite hemisphere’s of Planet Authair, are Olym on its southern hemisphere and Valym on its northern hemisphere. Proxi is the third and much more distant star. It is equally distant from both Olym and Valym creating the apex of an invisible triangle with the other two stars. The effect of Proxi on Authair’s orbit is slight but important for Authair’s stability. Authair’s orbit resembles an invisible Ferris wheel. Directly perpendicular from the hub of this invisible Ferris wheel, far into space, we see Olym on one side and Valym on the other side of the imaginary hub. Much farther out is space, directly in line with the imaginary turning rim of the Ferris wheel is the star Proxi.
What countries have the longest life expectancies? Preberi besedilo. Poišči po eno besedo/besedno zvezo iz besedila, ki ji ustreza spodnji opis. / Read the text. Find one word/expression in the text for each definition below. Okinawa, Japan, where hundreds of residents are over 100 years old, is often known as “the land of immortals.” Last year, the number of people 90 years old and above in Japan hit the 2 million mark. What is the island nation’s secret to long, healthy lives? Diet is one reason for the country’s population of “centenarians,” or people older than 100 years. When the Japanese eat meat, they eat mostly heart-healthy fish, rich in omega-3 fatty acids. Other popular foods include tofu, seaweed and octopus, all of which carry a low risk for some cancers and arteriosclerosis. Some even suggest the Swiss’s love of chocolate could be part of the country’s overall health. The Swiss eat 19.8 pounds of chocolate per capita each year, and dark chocolate has been linked to lowering risks for heart attack and stroke. The Spanish may be healthier because of their culture of taking a siesta, or “nap,” in the middle of the day. Generally, shops and offices in Spain close from 2 to 5 p.m. for people to rest and eat with their families. How does the rest of the world compare? 1 someone who lives forever: ____________________ 2 someone who is a hundred years old or more: ____________________ 3 working or operating quickly and effectively in an organized way: ____________________ 4 a green, brown, or dark red plant that grows in the sea or on land very close to the sea: ____________________ 5 eat or drink, especially a lot of something: ____________________ 6 the length of time that a living thing, especially a human being, is likely to live: ____________________ ____________________ 7 able to be reached or easily got: ____________________ 8 not having or earning much money: ____________________ 9 a person who is a member of a particular country and who has rights because of being born there: ____________________ 10 caused by: ____________________ 12 the fact of being extremely fat, in a way that is dangerous for health: ____________________ 14 change food in your stomach into substances that your body can use: ____________________ 15 speak too proudly or happily about what you have done or what you own: ____________________ 16 necessary or needed: ____________________ 17 decide which of a group of things are the most important so that you can deal with them first: ____________________ 18 say that something is the result of a particular thing: ____________________ 19 any drug that has an effect similar to opium, such as morphine: ____________________ Adapted from https://eu.usatoday.com/story/news/2018/07/27/life-expectancies-2018-japan-switzerland-spain/848675002/ Rešitve naloge / Answer Key
Master The Abilities Of Regulation And Also Achieve Success. Law is a body of laws made as well as imposed by governmental or civic organizations to control habits, in regards to its specific meaning there referring long-lasting dispute. It’s been differentially specified as the craft and scientific research of civil law. The profession of law remains to grow as individuals discover more regarding how it affects their lives, how it relates to public policy and exactly how it helps them recognize the globe. Regulation is the body of knowledge that grow out of those who learned it, who have actually made it, and that teach it every day. Consequently, the regulation is far more than a certain collection of legal guidelines established for the lawful passion of individual citizens. Rather, the regulation as we know it today is the sum total of expertise regarding just how to live, what to do, as well as exactly how to act that educates all of our activities and selections. Equally as the corporate body of regulation is much larger than any one body of regulation, the geographical location covered by laws is even bigger. As an example, regulations regulating business actions apply in worldwide arenas, and even in circumstances where the corporation is not a nationwide entity. Similarly, regulations controling domestic conduct are often suitable in cases involving people acting within the bounds of a state, when the state does not have jurisdiction over that conduct. Within each of these areas of regulation there are numerous parts: civil law, criminal legislation, organization law, public law, household regulation, admiralty legislation, home regulation, tax obligation legislation, household regulation, estate legislation, as well as patent legislation. ESOP There are 2 general types of territories in which legislations are developed and implemented: civil law jurisdictions as well as criminal legislation jurisdictions. Civil laws are the areas of the legislation that deals with conflicts between people as well as organizations, including government firms, personal celebrations, and also companies. Civil law jurisdictions include: common law jurisdictions and included common law territories. Civil law is the body of legislation that the majority of straight deals with conflicts in between individuals as well as organizations, and it was this body of law that functioned as the model for the UNITED STATE system of law. Wrongdoer law is the body of law that handles criminal activities against the state, federal government, or society in whole. Lawbreaker regulation Jurisprudence establishes with case law, which defines what legislations as well as laws were enacted in different jurisdictions. In the context of maritime legislation, there are six unique kinds of maritime situations, consisting of activities under maritime statutes, private legal actions, activities based upon common law, as well as actions based on laws specifically impacting commerce. There are many common law territories, consisting of some U.S. islands, however all maritime cases are begun and kept in government courts. A civil activity is a legal action in which an individual makes an allegation, supplies a negotiation, as well as acquires remedy for a court from several accuseds under the supervision of a common law court. Civil activities are normally set up by individuals instead of by governmental entities. Most common law territories have juries to figure out the regret or innocence of accuseds. The concept of court trial is a common law concept. In the United States, juries are generally composed of twelve individuals each chosen by the court based on their certifications and residence within the court’s jurisdiction. Tort law is the body of regulation that permits the admission of evidence in criminal and civil process in which individuals seek damages for injuries they have endured. Many civil as well as criminal legislations have progressed out of the tort legislation. Civil law is also very influenced by common law. Today civil cases are often litigated in the federal courts, however there are constantly exemptions to these rules. marketing kancelarii Regulation is a well organized system of regulations designed and imposed by governmental or communal establishments to control actions, usually with its specific analysis a matter of long-standing discussion. It is most frequently specified as the study as well as discipline of justice. The area of legislation is also called the “field of arms” due to the legal systems that were commonly made use of in ancient times for the implementation of terrible acts. There are lots of sorts of regulation consisting of common law, civil law, family legislation, criminal legislation and chastening legislation. Civil law courts have jurisdiction over civil matters such as exclusive lawsuits and also enforcement of contracts. Civil law is additionally described as common law jurisdiction. In the majority of states, a lawyer exercising in a civil court has the very same authority as a legal representative exercising in a criminal court does. This authority is derived from the jurisdictions that state constitutions and/or laws appoint to certain courts. For instance, civil court territory is originated from the common law jurisdictions of regions, states and also areas. Civil laws, like criminal regulations, deal with the criminal behavior of a single person versus one more, as well as not the conduct of government officials or public institutions versus individuals. While the state might have basic legislations that criminalize certain conduct within its jurisdiction, civil law territories make law much more complex by controling personal conduct in connection with public issues. Civil laws also trigger common law civil liberties (also described as liberties) such as freedom of expression, press, religious beliefs and also right to self-government. Civil rights are considered a part of our individual flexibility. These rights are protected by our Constitution and are therefore based on legit regulations by our state legislature. Tort regulation is one more location of regulation that has both civil and also criminal jurisdiction. Unlike civil laws, which are limited in time as well as geographic extent, tort regulation encompasses any incorrect or damages done to a private, organization or home. Civil laws are restricted to wrongs that take place during private agreement. Tort legislation, however, includes any wrong that strikes a specific, company or residential property, irrespective of the events involved. It appears apparent that a legal system with 2 distinctive however parallel legal systems exists. One system may seem more progressive than the other, and even a bit unreasonable to one side of the political spectrum. Nevertheless, all residents have a right to expect and also demand justice and fairness in the legal system. In addition, the lawful system ought to come to all people due to the fact that accessibility to the justice system can assist maintain a just and also equitable society. It may seem difficult to predict what the future might hold for any given system, however it is possible to produce a legal system that will certainly be based upon concepts that benefit everybody. ugoda pozasądowa w zakresie dobrowolnej spłaty długu Home law may appear difficult and also challenging to recognize at first look. Nonetheless, as soon as a person is appropriately informed about home legislation, they will certainly comprehend that the residential or commercial property they have is lawfully their property, no matter the present proprietor’s intentions. Offender legislation, on the other hand, bargains mainly with criminal activities that occur on the ground as well as are not residential property related. Lawbreaker defense lawyers face tough difficulties when protecting their customers who have actually been charged of criminal activities that are not criminal in nature. Because of this, criminal legislation continues to be an extremely essential branch of the lawful system and civil law may quickly come to be an antiquated branch of the judicial system.
Coverage includes protocols, security, scaling and more. It was not until 1998 that grid computing entered the mainstream of research modern computer approach in the most of a browser for building grid computing pdf format for secure and its benefits of a series. § Grid computing is all about achieving greater performance and throughput by pooling resources on a local, national, or international level. Finding hardware and software that allows these utilities to get provided commonly provides cost, security, and availability issues. Grid Computing is created to provide a solution to specific issues, such as problems that require a large number of processing cycles or access to a large amount of data. The Journal of Grid Computing explores an emerging technology that enables large-scale resource sharing problem solving within distributed, loosely coordinated groups sometimes termed "virtual organizations". Introduction to Grid Computing § The term Grid comes from an analogy to the Electric Grid. Grid computing is a group of computers physically connected (over a network or with Internet) to perform a dedicated tasks together, such as analyzing e-commerce data and solve a complex problem. Read more Enterprise Grid Computing is a managed architecture that aggregates the IT resources of a business data center into dynamically assignable pools Enterprise grid computing does not include: • Academic and scientific research grids • Desktop grids • Vector supercomputers Grid computing market will reach $12b by 2007* * IDC Forecast In that sense, different types of machines Hence, Grid computing has attracted many researchers [4]. This Paper offers a discussion on how to implement a grid computing environment with planning steps and as such, it covers the basic requirements for setting up a grid computing environment, and present the suitable topology and design to set up an Grid computing. Modern computer problems that the web services based on which are collections of the system. The term "grid computing" denotes the connection of distributed computing, visualization, and storage resources to solve large-scale computing problems that otherwise could not be solved within the limited memory, computing power, or I/O capacity of a system or cluster at a single location. – Pervasive access to power. It can also be seen as a form of Parallel Computing where instead of many CPU cores on a single machine, it contains multiple cores spread across various locations. Follows the existing infrastructure of grid computing resources of computing resources based on the core layer between client. The interest in Grid computing has gone beyond the paradigm of traditional Grid computing to a Wireless Grid computing [5,6]. Grid, which coined in 1997 the term grid, “a name derived from the notion of the electrical power grid”, to call the “truly U.S. national-scale advanced computational infrastructure” they envisioned [22]. Grid Computing is a subset of distributed computing, where a virtual super computer comprises of machines on a network connected by some bus, mostly Ethernet or sometimes the Internet. The Era of Grid Computing: Enabling New Possibilities For Your Business Page 3 Highlights Grid Computing provides an answer Simply put, Grid Computing can be defined as applying resources from many computers in a network—at the same time—to a single problem; usually a problem that requires a large number of processing cycles or an access to – Similarly, Grid will provide consistent, and inexpensive access to advanced computational resources. U+ Connect Alexa, Houses For Rent Under $900 In Dallas, Tx, Blueberry Fungus Treatment, Louisville Protests Tonight, Behavioural Science Courses Uk, Love Letter Countess Darkest Dungeon, Wooden Background Texture,
How Pregnancy Hormones Affect Your Mental Health Besides your baby, you should also anticipate the other things that come with pregnancy, such as weight gain and mood swings. Your body will be undergoing many changes, physically and mentally. If you’re worried about going through these, don’t worry because there’s a reasonable explanation to these symptoms. Pregnancy Hormones Even on regular days, your body has lots of hormones because these chemicals help regulate bodily functions. However, during pregnancy, there are hormones excreted by your glands to help develop your baby. In the first trimester, your body produces the human chorionic gonadotropin hormone (hCG) to help create the placenta. Too high hCG levels may mean that you have multiple pregnancies, while low hCG translates to placenta development problems. Researchers have also found a link between hCG and nausea in pregnant women. Human placental lactogen (hPL) is another pregnancy hormone. Its role is in metabolism regulation and insulin resistance. With these roles, hPL helps your placenta get as many nutrients as your baby needs. This hormone is also a simulator for breastfeeding and lactation. In the first trimester, you will notice yourself become more moody and anxious. These symptoms are because of the spiking levels of estrogen and progesterone. These female hormones are commonly present at high levels during menstruation. But once pregnant, these hormone levels will rise dramatically, until they reach their peak in the third trimester. But what else do these hormones do to your body and brain? Effects Of Estrogen Estrogen is one of the hormones found in every woman. This hormone regulates your menstrual cycle, controls your cholesterol levels, and protects your bones. Besides these, studies have found estrogen’s effect on premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and perimenopausal depression. However, researchers are yet to determine the exact connection of estrogen with mental health disorders. As of now, studies have only found a link between estrogen and cortisol, a stress hormone regulating your fight-or-flight response. Estrogen can also affect the production of your happy hormone, endorphin. Studies suggest a link between estrogen fluctuation and mood disorders, but not between estrogen itself and mood disorders. So the connection between estrogen levels and your mental health persists after pregnancy. Post-birth, the ultra-high levels of estrogen and progesterone hormones drop to the normal levels, and your body may take this as a hormonal fluctuation. Because of this, your mental health may be affected as you experience mood swings and difficulty sleeping (insomnia). You can also have feelings of loneliness, anger, and anxiety. All of these are symptoms of what is called postpartum depression. The loss of sleep can also increase cortisol levels, which may lead to further stress for mommies. Insomnia will also affect your mental health negatively as the stress can progress to anxiety or depression. Effects Of Progesterone Similarly, progesterone levels increase during pregnancy and drop significantly after giving birth. Progesterone is one of the sex hormones regulating your body’s menstrual cycle. After ovulation, your progesterone levels will increase to signal your body to thicken the uterus lining and lessen muscle contractions. These simple changes promote fertility. During pregnancy, both the placenta and your body are secreting progesterone. This increase is needed because progesterone helps maintain your pregnancy. Because of progesterone’s high levels during pregnancy, you may feel more anxious and irritable than usual. The connection between progesterone and PMS can explain this negative change in mental health. On the other hand, low levels of this hormone may result in pre-term birth or even miscarriage. Since progesterone is vital to your baby’s growth and is responsible for maintaining pregnancy, progesterone levels should continuously increase. As a result, your mood changes can continue to worsen. If your mental health becomes severely affected by your pregnancy hormones, it’s time you consult your doctor. Taking Care Of Your Mental Health During Pregnancy While you are pregnant, there are many factors that can affect your mood, and the hormones are just some of them. Different women have different bodies, and will thus have different pregnancy experiences. Some can feel more moody and anxious during pregnancy, while others may barely have a change in their mental health. Shifting to healthier food options will help in your baby’s development and soothe your mind. Always opt for healthy and balanced meals to take care of both your physical and mental health. Aside from having a healthy diet, it is necessary to exercise regularly. You can take on light to moderately-severe exercises to improve you and your baby’s wellness during pregnancy. You should also surround yourself with loving and supportive people. Having someone willing to understand what you’re going through will help you get through the pregnancy changes. It is also essential to talk to your doctor. During pregnancy, your doctor will be monitoring your bodily changes, including your hormone levels. They’ll be guiding you throughout your pregnancy, so there’s no need to worry much. Just be sure to communicate with them effectively to help avoid any complications. Seeking a therapist can also help you and your mental health, especially when your mood swings worsen. A therapist can give you ways to handle the stresses and other mental health inconveniences caused by your pregnancy hormones. Pregnancy is indeed a challenging process. Your reproductive hormones, such as estrogen and progesterone, will be increasing to support your pregnancy. As a result, there will be changes in both your physical and mental health you’ve never experienced before. Just remember, every pregnancy is unique, so don’t compare your pregnancy to others. Instead of worrying about your changes, learn how to manage them by seeking support from your family and medical professionals.
Recent Posts Diane Crump 704x400 - Female Jockeys and Their History in Horse Racing Female Jockeys and Their History in Horse Racing Horse racing for the better part of the 19th and 20th centuries was considered a man’s sport. It was an unsaid rule that women should not participate in any horse race; well, that is until Diane Crump opened the way for other women to shine in this sport that was considered “men only.” Diane Crump not only paved the way for other women to be part of horse racing as a whole but also her courage and determination to participate in horse racing. It opened many people’s eyes to the fact that horse racing wasn’t for men only, but anyone could be part of it. This awareness led to the passing of the Sex Discrimination Act of 1975 that allowed female jockeys into the Grand National horse race held annually at Aintree, England. Since then, over six female jockeys have participated in the Grand National horse, including Charlotte Brew in 1977, Geraldine Rees, Venetia Williams, and many more. Diane Crump Crump 04 - Female Jockeys and Their History in Horse Racing The American horse trainer and jockey was the first woman to ride in a professional horse race, the Kentucky Derby in the United States. Her participation in the Kentucky Derby was considered an abomination. So many people were so against it that she needed a Presidential like police escort through the crowds at Hialeah Park Race track. After all the controversy and insults against her participation in the Kentucky Derby, she managed a 9th position in a 12 horse race, and the atmosphere at the end of the race was quite the opposite with lots of cheers of support. The Kentucky Derby opened up a lot of opportunities for Diane. Two weeks after coming 9th in the pari-mutuel race, she claimed her first victory as horse racer, and eventually, many more of them. In 1985 when Diane, briefly retired, she had won over 235 horse races, but she is only credited with 228 by Equibase). One of the worst horse racing experience she ever had was at a Puerto Rican horse race, where a male jockey was joined on her saddle. When she realized this, she started hitting him with a stick, but he couldn’t let go. After fighting for almost all of the race, the male jockey pulled away at the end to win the race. Meriel Tufnell’s win at the Kempton Park horse race England Born in 1948, Meriel Patricia Tufnell was the first female jockey in the United Kingdom to win a race while protected by the Jockey Club rules at the Kempton Park racecourse. Riding her mother’s horse Scorched Earth to victory was an unbelievable achievement by Meriel, and what made it sweeter was the fact that Scorched earth had never raced in any race before the Kempton Park in 1972. Some other notable female Jockey wins The horse racing world till date has seen a fair share of female jockey wins which include: • Nina Carberry- coming from a racing family, she has many horse racing accolades to her name, including Cheltenham Festival, 4 Cross country Handicap wins, and Josie’s order at the Punchestown. • Julie Krone-the American jockey shot to the limelight when she won Belmont Stakes. She had also won the Breeders cup in 2003. • Katie Walsh- with massive success in her horse racing careers like the Cheltenham Festival and the Grand National at the Seabass, she is the first female to win the Irish National on Thunder and Roses. • Kayla Stra-with her most significant win at the City of Marion stakes Kayla Stra has over 1700 wins in horse racing. The most embarrassing sexist event in the History of Horse racing One of the most embarrassing sexist events in the world of horse racing that hindered the prosperity of female jockeys was way back in 1969, where two female jockeys were set to participate at the Kentucky Derby in the United States. The male jockeys forced the female jockeys out of the race by throwing rocks at trailers used by the female jockeys as Locker rooms, and they also threatened to boycott the race if the women participated. Where are we? And what is it that can be done to Increase Female Jockeys in Horse racing? Unlike in the 20th century, Female jockeys have received more support in legislations like the Sex discrimination act. There has also been an increase in the awareness against sexual discrimination in the horse racing communities. These environment has made it possible for the likes of Sophie Doyle and Donna Barton Brothers to dominate the 21st century has the racing world.. As much as the number of female jockeys has increased significantly over the years, it is not there yet. The jockeys Guild believe that the female jockeys make up 8% of the total registered jockeys in the United States. Becoming a female jockey and succeeding at it anywhere on earth comes with working a lot of grueling hours, less pay, and some very gruesome injuries. If all the stakeholders came together and made the conditions a little better for the female jockeys as a whole, we will see more female jockeys on those horse tracks. The peculiar history between the NY Jets and Baltimore Ravens There is this peculiar rivalry between the New York Jets and the Baltimore Ravens. For some reason, we can’t explain why. They aren’t really regional rivals, and they don’t have the kind of big names that have individual rivalries, such as the case in soccer between Cristiano Ronaldo of Real Madrid and Lionel Messi of Barcelona. Before we go on talking about the Ravens and the Jets we just wanted to let you know that betting on sports is not the only things that can bring excitement, you could also consider playing at an online casino or as the Japanese would say オンラインカジノ for the chance to earn something or just to pass your time. Perhaps the history of the Jets and Ravens has been witness to certain situations within games that have irked both sets of fans. Let us rewind the clock to October 2, 2011. The Jets and Ravens made history on that day, if you recall. On a massive and crucial Sunday Night Football showdown, the game saw witness to a record five return touchdowns. That’s right, five! It started with a move involving Ed Reed and Jameel McClain, a glorious return touchdown. And then it really took off! That game was a great watch for fans of both teams, and ended up with the Ravens winning 34-17. Perhaps it rubbed the Jets the wrong way, and ever since Jets fans seem to have a sense of annoyance about the Ravens. Ah well, it’s football and it’s normal. Americans have an almost fanatic devotion to their local clubs and players. Now, it is true that the Ravens and Jets aren’t even near the favorites to clinch the title as far the current season is concerned. However, they promise to serve up some really entertaining games, if history has anything to say. For the fans, this is gonna be one hell of a ride. And not just the fans. Think of the drama that would ensure for sports betting companies and gamblers! You wouldn’t have a clue how the game will unfold, and you could experience some wild swings as far as your pockets are concerned. odds of making it to the nfl - The peculiar history between the NY Jets and Baltimore Ravens Infographic by: Britney Spears, Source and Music’s deep relation with Football In the Unites States, we love to associate different things together. And two things that will be forever associated with each other are football and music. I mean, the super bowl is a brilliant example of this. For many, the super bowl has become synonymous with opening acts performed by luminaries such as Coldplay, Beyoncé and Bruno Mars. It is really two things that symbolize us as a nation. While football has been America’s most beloved sport all these years, music has been too. Think about it. Over the centuries, how many great musicians have fascinated us and planted themselves into our souls! It started with Blues and Soul masters such as Ray Charles, BB King and Buddy Holly. the beatles - Britney Spears, Source and Music’s deep relation with Football We then moved on to rock ‘n roll legends that arrived from British shores and found themselves welcomed wholeheartedly by us Americans. The Beatles, Stones and Led Zeppelin come to mind. For over two decades, their riffs and solos made many a teenager a real man or woman. We also had one of our own in Jimi Hendrix, perhaps the greatest guitarist to have ever lived, and then the late Prince of course. American then saw the birth of the original pop king and queen, aka Michael Jackson and Britney Spears. How can we forget that one super bowl in 2001 when Britney and Aerosmith rock the stage for centuries to come! It was as if no one could ever top that. It was the purest blend of pop and rock. micheal jackson - Britney Spears, Source and Music’s deep relation with Football And of course, we have the almost spiritual relation between basketball and hip-hop. The Source, one of hip-hop’s premier magazines, talks about this in detail. The Source, of course, well-known by Americans as it was part of the 1995 groundbreaking events that changed the history of Hip-Hop. You know, the day 2Pac left us and this world. But still, whatever happens within the realm of music, there is always a common need among musicians to associate themselves with and to bring people together through the blend of sports and music. Let us hope that remains so. Patriots, Eagles and the favorites to win the 2018 NFL season Let’s take a looking at the upcoming NFL season. Ever since the Eagles won the last Super Bowl, there has been a keen interest and expectation on who the next unexpected champion would be. As the preseason kicks off, one can only wonder. Funnily enough, there has been an upsurge in NFL betting since a few states such as Delaware legalized sports betting activities. The Eagles weren’t really expected to win the last one, and their victory shocked many. It would have also made some lucky people really, really wealthy. So who is the favorite to win the current season? Many state that it will be a four-way battle between the Philadelphia Eagles, Pittsburgh Steelers, New England Patriots and the Minnesota Vikings. Each of them is predicted to have either a 12-4 or a 11-5 win record for the upcoming season. A few are indeed tipping the Eagles to pull another upset and retain the title, although retaining the title is way more complicated since the rest of the league would have learnt by now to counter your style of play. Although it is safe to say that the Madden NFL 2018 video game seems to have the Eagles as among their best teams to play with. Our feeling is that the Patriots will snatch the title from the Eagles. The Patriots have been, for the past few years, the bookies’ favorites to win the season. The bookies are confident in keeping their pick for this season as well, and betting enthusiasts better take note.
Can a broken bone trigger arthritis? Can an injury to a joint cause arthritis? What is post-traumatic arthritis? “Arthritis” is defined as inflammation of a joint. The most common cause is wearing out of joint surface cartilage (osteoarthritis). Post-traumatic arthritis is a common form of osteoarthritis and occurs due to a physical injury of any kind to a joint. How do you prevent arthritis after a fracture? Can a broken hand cause arthritis? Injuries such as broken bones in the hands or ligament, or tendon damage in the hand or wrist can also cause arthritis. Though the injury heals, these areas may have become weakened and more susceptible to arthritis in the future. Why Do Broken Bones get arthritis? A broken bone or fracture can put you at risk of developing arthritis later. If a bone isn’t realigned (put back into place) or repaired perfectly, it can cause additional wear on a nearby joint. This increases your chances of developing arthritis in that joint. IT IS AMAZING: Should I go to the hospital if my toenail fell off? How long does post-traumatic arthritis take to develop? Can joint damage reversed? As you age, the cartilage that provides a cushion between the bones of your joints begins to break down and wear away. When that cartilage is gone, your bones rub together, which causes pain and swelling and sometimes joint stiffness. Unfortunately, just as you can’t reverse time, you really can’t reverse OA. Why do broken bones hurt after they heal? The inactivity may have stiffened the soft tissue around the injury and weakened the muscles. In addition to this, scarring and inflammation may have developed in the soft tissue while the fracture was healing. This may cause pain as well, and may make it difficult to move. Do Broken bones hurt worse at night? Why do broken bones hurt when weather changes? The barometric pressure drops when storms are rolling in, and somehow, the body detects this change, causing swelling of soft tissue or expanding of joint fluid. These changes in the collection are what ultimately lead to pain. IT IS AMAZING: Your question: What can I expect after hand tendon surgery? Can you break a bone in your hand and still move it? Why does my wrist hurt a year after breaking it? The third common form of wrist arthritis is called Post Traumatic Arthritis. Generally, this type of arthritis may develop in the months to years following a fracture or other severe injury in the wrist.
Why does putting a wet paper towel around a can in the freezer cool it so fast? In: Physics The water transfers cold into the can faster than air. Or, said more correctly, the water draws heat out of the can and into the surrounding (freezer) air faster than the aluminum is able to do it on it’s own. Think about it like this. If you have a wet paper towel that’s been sitting out on the counter all day (so it’s room temperature), and you put your hand on it, does it feel colder, warmer or the same as putting your hand on the (dry) counter or a room temperature soda can? It feels colder because it can extract the heat from your body faster. Same reason a marble kitchen table or leather couch feels cold even though they’re the same temperature as everything else. There are two types of heat transfer: conduction and convection. Convection is when an air current goes past something of a different temperature; think of a cool breeze or a warm clothes dryer. Conduction is when two masses are in direct contact with each other. Think of putting your hand in cold water or accidentally touching a hot pot on the stove. Conduction is MUCH more powerful. Now air, by itself, is actually a pretty good insulator; it doesn’t absorb much energy (low thermal mass). A can in the freezer is limited in how much energy it can transfer to the air right next to it. (A blower would help, replacing air that has been slightly warmed by the can with air that hasn’t.). Wrap it it a wet towel, though, and suddenly the can is exchanging heat with something which can absorb a LOT more energy. That’s enough to explain why a can gets cool quickly when immersed in icy cold water (and why the cans in the slushy bottom of the insulated bin are coldest, as the gaps between the ice cubes are cold water and not air) but doesn’t fill out the whole picture. So, the next question is where the energy goes from the towel. That’s explained by evaporative cooling — when water evaporates, it carries off the energy it takes to transform water into water vapor. So, you get conduction between the can and the towel, and a mixture of convection and evaporative cooling between the towel and the freezer air. As /u/Alexis_J_M comment has already explained, it does cooling by evaporation. There is one more factor: A fridge contains quite dry air, because water in the air would freeze out. The dryness makes the water from the towel to evaporate faster. Evaporation needs heat, and the heat is taken from the can.
Civilization Wiki Civilization Wiki BackArrowGreen.png Back to the list of leaders Wikipedia has a page called: Isabella I of Castile (22 April 1451 – 26 November 1504) was the queen of Castile and León from 1474 to 1504. She leads the Spanish in Civilization V. Isabella I in game Isabella I speaks Modern Castilian Spanish. On her diplomacy screen, she is standing in the garden of her Moorish style palace, likely the famous Alhambra. She carries a Christian Cross, which she drops in shock when defeated. Capital: Madrid Unique Units: Tercio, Conquistador Unique Ability: Seven Cities of Gold Voice Actress: Uncredited AI Traits[] Trait Amount Competitiveness 6 (8-4) Wonder Competitiveness 4 (6-2) City-State Influence Competitiveness 4 (6-2) Boldness 5 (7-3) Diplobalance 3 (5-1) Hate Warmongers 6 (8-4) Willingness to Denounce 6 (8-4) Willingness to Declare Friendship 7 (9-5) Loyalty 5 (7-3) Neediness 7 (9-5) Forgiveness 6 (8-4) Chattiness 5 (7-3) Meanness 4 (6-2) Offensive Unit Production 6 (8-4) Defensive Unit Production 4 (6-2) Defensive Building Production 5 (7-3) Military Training Buildings Production 5 (7-3) Recon Unit Production 6 (8-4) Ranged Unit Production 5 (7-3) Mobile Unit Production 5 (7-3) Naval Unit Production 7 (9-5) Naval Recon Unit Production 8 (10-6) Air Unit Production 5 (7-3) Naval Growth 7 (9-5) Naval Tile Improvements 7 (9-5) Water Connections 7 (9-5) Expansion 7 (9-5) Growth 5 (7-3) Tile Improvements 4 (6-2) Infrastructure (Roads) 5 (7-3) Production Emphasis 5 (7-3) Gold Emphasis 7 (9-5) Science Emphasis 3 (5-1) Culture Emphasis 5 (7-3) Happiness Emphasis 5 (7-3) Great People Emphasis 5 (7-3) Wonder Emphasis 5 (7-3) Religion Emphasis 8 (10-6) Diplomacy Victory 5 (7-3) Spaceship Victory 5 (7-3) Nuke Production 5 (7-3) Use of Nukes 5 (7-3) Use of Espionage 5 (7-3) Anti-Air Production 5 (7-3) Air Carrier Production 5 (7-3) Land Trade Route Emphasis 5 (7-3) Sea Trade Route Emphasis 5 (7-3) Archaeology Emphasis 5 (7-3) Trade Origin Emphasis 5 (7-3) Trade Destination Emphasis 5 (7-3) Airlift Emphasis 5 (7-3) Likeliness to Declare War 6 (8-4) Likeliness to be Hostile 6 (8-4) Likeliness to be Deceptive 5 (7-3) Likeliness to be Guarded 5 (7-3) Likeliness to be Afraid 5 (7-3) Likeliness to be Friendly 4 (6-2) Likeliness to be Neutral 5 (7-3) Ignore City-States 6 (8-4) Friendliness to City-States 3 (5-1) Protection of City-States 3 (5-1) Conquest of City-States 5 (7-3) Bullying of City-States 8 (10-6) Personality and Behavior[] Isabella tends to go for a domination victory. She will rarely attempt a diplomatic victory or a scientific victory. Isabella is not too bold, but can be hostile and declare many wars. It's also quite difficult to befriend Isabella, although she will not backstab very often. Isabella likes to build a massive number of naval units and a relatively large offensive army, but a rather small defensive militia. Isabella places importance on expanding her empire, and also puts a priority on obtaining as much Gold Gold as possible and generating Faith Faith. Once she founds a religion, she will spread it aggressively and is likely to refuse any requests to stop, which may cause problems for players who are trying to spread a religion of their own. Isabella will often try to demand tribute from city-states rather than befriending or protecting them. Civilopedia entry[] Early Years[] Isabella was born on April 22, 1451 in Avila to John II of Castile and Isabella of Portugal. She had an older brother, Henry (her elder by 26 years), and later a younger brother Alfonso, who displaced her in the line of succession. When her father died in 1454, Henry took the throne of Castile as King Henry IV, and Isabella and her family moved to Arevalo and lived in a destitute castle, where her mother slowly started to lose her sanity. It wasn't until years later, when Henry's wife gave birth, that Henry allowed his siblings to move back to the main court in Segovia. Here Isabella was educated in all manners of queenly disciplines and her life improved considerably, but Henry put one limiting condition on her - she was forbidden to leave Segovia without his permission. Henry claimed this was to keep Isabella from the political turmoil brewing in the kingdom over his choice of heir (his new daughter Joanna), but it could have also been to restrict her access to the rebelling noblemen. The nobles, however, had no problem speaking with her younger brother Alfonso, and he instigated the Second Battle of Olmedo in 1467, demanding that he be made Henry's heir. As a compromise, Henry named Alfonso the Prince of Asturias, a title that would be given to the heir apparent of both Castile and León, and thought about marrying his daughter Joanna to Alfonso. But Alfonso didn't have long to enjoy his new role; he soon died, probably a casualty of the plague. Alfonso had named Isabella his successor in his will, and the title passed to her. Rather than continue the rebellion against her older brother, Isabella met with Henry at Toros de Guisando and negotiated a permanent peace settlement. Henry would officially name Isabella as his heir, but she would not be allowed to marry without his consent. However, Henry could also not force her to marry against her will. Both parties pleased with their settlement, Henry began his search for a fitting husband for his younger sister. Henry fails at matchmaking[] At this time, Isabella was betrothed to Ferdinand, son of John II of Aragon (and had been since the age of three), but Henry broke off this agreement. Instead, he attempted to wed Isabella to Charles IV of Navarre, another of John's sons, but John refused the offer. Soon after in 1464, Henry attempted to marry Isabella off to King Edward IV of England, but Edward also refused. Many attempts were then made to wed the girl to Alfonso V of Portugal, but she refused him at the altar due to his old age. The Castilian's personal soap opera continued with Isabella's betrothal to Pedro Giron, the brother of Henry's favorite Don. Isabella prayed feverishly that the marriage be called off, as Don Pedro was 27 years older than she. Isabella fervently believed that God had answered her plea, as the Don died from a burst appendix on the way to greet his fiancée. Next up in Henry's shrinking line of suitors was Louis XI's brother Charles, Duke of Berry. At this point Isabella had had enough of Henry's thinly veiled attempts to remove her from the line of succession with a poor political marriage, and she began to negotiate with John II of Aragon in secret to once again secure a marriage to his son Ferdinand. Ferdinand and the fight for the Throne[] Although all parties were in favor of the marriage of Isabella and Ferdinand (except of course for Henry, who was still trying to woo France and Portugal), there was one small problem - the young couple were second cousins. By church law, a Papal Bull was required for a wedding of closely related cousins, but the Pope was loathe to grant one from fear of retribution from Castile, Portugal, and France. However, Isabella refused to marry without the dispensation, as she was by this point a very devout woman. Ferdinand sought the help of Rodrigo Borgia in Rome (later Pope Alexander VI) and presented Isabella with a "Papal Bull" from Pius II. The probable forgery was good enough for her and she quickly agreed to the marriage. With the excuse of visiting her brother's tomb in Avila, Isabella managed to escape Henry's sight and Ferdinand slipped into Castile disguised as a merchant. Isabella's rather Shakespearian journey ended on October 19, 1469 when she wedded Ferdinand in Valladolid. Henry found out about the marriage rather quickly after this, and pleaded with the Pope to dissolve the marriage. The new pope, Sixtus IV, didn't have any of his predecessor's qualms about Castilian hostilities and instead gifted the wedded couple a real Papal Bull, thwarting Henry. A few years later in 1474, Henry died and a succession war broke out across Castile. Portugal supported Henry's daughter, Joanna, to take the throne, but Isabella had the support of Aragon (through Ferdinand) and later France. The war dragged on for four years, but ultimately Sixtus IV again came to Isabella's rescue. The Pope annulled Joanna's marriage to Alfonso V of Portugal, ironically on the grounds of their close familial relationship. Joanna was forced to renounce her titles of Princess and Queen of Castile, and the throne passed to Isabella on January 20, 1479. The early years of Isabella's reign mostly involved solidifying her power base and continuing the Reconquista (Recapturing) of the Iberian Peninsula. However, her reign became memorable, in the momentous year of 1492. Almost everything Isabella is known for in history took place in this year: the end of the Reconquista, the patronage of Christopher Columbus, and the intensification of the Inquisition. Spanning seven centuries, a lengthy war known as the Reconquista was fought by the Iberian monarchs, who were attempting to regain control of the region and force the Muslims out. For the last 200 of these years, the Emirate of Granada remained the final stronghold of the Muslim dynasties on the Iberian Peninsula. Isabella and Ferdinand continued the war and led a determined raid into the kingdom starting in 1482. Isabella often took it upon herself to rally her soldiers by praying in the middle of the battlefield, and even built her stronghold outside the city of Granada in the shape of a cross, believing she was doing God's will. Eventually Isabella's forces were victorious and she signed the treaty of Granada, ending the Reconquista after 700 years of fighting. Earlier in her reign, Isabella had been approached by a young explorer by the name of Christopher Columbus, who sought funding for a new expedition to reach the Indies by sailing west. Her advisors judged his plan impractical and believed that his proposed distance to Asia was much too short to be possible. However, instead of turning him out as Portugal had done, Isabella gave him a small annual allowance and free lodging in all her cities. He continued to try and sell his plan to the monarchs, and they continued to decline. Upon returning from Granada, Isabella was again approached by Christopher Columbus. On the advice of her confessor, Isabella this time firmly turned him down. As Columbus was leaving Cordoba in despair, Ferdinand quickly convinced Isabella to change her mind. She sent a royal guard to fetch him and began to draw up plans for funding. Columbus left on his fateful voyage on August 3, 1492, and landed in America on October 12. Isabella and Ferdinand's patronage of the intrepid explorer began Spain's Golden Age of exploration and colonization. No One Expects the Inquisition[] The Tribunal of the Holy Office of the Inquisition in Spain (or more succinctly, the Spanish Inquisition) was established in 1478 by Isabella to maintain Catholic orthodoxy in Castile and Aragon, and to replace the Medieval Inquisition currently under Papal control. However, in 1492, it took a turn for the worse. A Dominican friar, Tomas de Torquemada became the first Inquisitor General and pushed the two monarchs to pursue a more active policy of religious unity. While Isabella was loathe to take harsh measures against the Jews in her kingdom, Torquemada was able to convince Ferdinand and through him, Isabella. The Alhambra Decree was signed on March 31, 1492, calling for the forced expulsion of the Jews. About 200,000 Jews immediately left Spain while some others converted, but this latter group fell under strict scrutiny of the Inquisition. The Muslims in the Granada region, who had originally been granted religious freedoms, were pressured to convert. After many Muslims revolted, a policy was enacted to force conversion or expulsion, much like with the Jews. The Later Years[] Isabella continued to stabilize her growing empire throughout her reign, and worked to link her children with other European nations, hoping to avoid another succession war similar to her own. She strived to finally unite the Iberian Peninsula under one crown. She married her eldest son to an Austrian Archduchess, establishing a link to the Habsburgs, and her eldest daughter to Manual I of Portugal. However, Isabella's plans were laid to waste when both children died soon after and the crown passed to her third daughter, Joanna the Mad. Joanna married Philip of Burgundy and became the last Trastamaran monarch. After her, the crown passed to the Habsburgs. Isabella died in 1504 and was entombed in the Royal Chapel of Granada. Legacy in History[] Under Isabella, Spain was united, the Reconquista of the Iberian Peninsula concluded, and the power of the region centralized. She also laid the groundwork for the most dominant military machine in the next century (The Armada), reformed the Spanish church, and led the Spanish expansions into the new American colonies. Although many criticize her role in the Inquisition and in the persecution of Jews and Muslims, others are currently campaigning to have the late Queen canonized as a Saint in the Catholic Church. Regardless of her questionable acts persecuting others' religious beliefs, Isabella remains one of the most influential and significant monarchs of Spain. Isabella's lines use the historical vos, an antecedent of usted (the formal "you," which is conjugated similarly to the modern vosotros) that was often used in respectful titles (e.g. Vuestra Merced, meaning "Your Lordship/Ladyship"). Although the singular vos is still used in parts of Latin America as an informal "you," the historical vos is no longer used outside of historical dramas and medieval/Renaissance literature, so Isabella's speech will sound almost Shakespearean to Spanish speakers. Codename Quote (English translation) Quote (Spanish) Notes Attacked "Repugnant spawn of the devil! You will pay!" ¡Repugnante prole del diablo! ¡Lo pagaréis! Declares War "God will probably forgive you. But I will not. Prepare for war." Probablemente Dios os perdone. Pero yo no. ¡Preparaos para la guerra! Defeated "Very well. This is undoubtedly the will of God. And I must accept it." Muy bien. Esta es sin duda la voluntad de Dios. Y debo aceptarla. Hate Hello "And so?" ¿Y bien? Hate Let's Hear It 01 "Onward." Adelante. Hate Let's Hear It 02 "What were you saying?" ¿Qué decías? Hate Let's Hear It 03 "Continue." Continuad. Hate No 01 "That is unacceptable." Eso es inaceptable. Hate No 02 "Of course not." Desde luego que no. Hate No 03 "Are you crazy?" ¿Estáis loco? Hate Yes 01 "I agree." De acuerdo. Hate Yes 02 "Of course." Desde luego. Hate Yes 03 "I think that I am obliged (to accept)." Creo que es una obligación. Intro "God blesses those who deserve it. I am Isabella of Spain." Dios bendiga a aquellos que lo merezcan. Soy Isabel de España. Neutral Hello "Greetings." Saludos. Neutral Let's Hear It 01 "Proceed." Proseguid. Neutral Let's Hear It 02 "Yes?" ¿Sí? Neutral Let's Hear It 03 "I am listening." Estoy escuchando. Neutral No 01 "Not by God. (lit. "Not before God.") No ante Dios. Neutral No 02 "(We) Refuse." Rehusamos. Neutral No 03 "Huh?" (lit. "How?") Neutral Yes 01 "Very well." Muy bien. Neutral Yes 02 "Excellent." Excelente. Neutral Yes 03 "With the blessing of God." Con la bendición de Dios. Peaceful "God will bless you for your clemency to the defeated enemy." Dios os bendecirá por vuestra clemencia ante el enemigo derrotado. Request "I hope this deal will receive your blessing." Espero que este trato reciba su bendición. Isabella Loading Screen (Civ5).jpg Blessed Isabella, servant of God, holy queen of Castile and León! Your people greet and welcome you. You are the ruler of Spain, a beautiful and ancient country at the crossroads of the world between Europe and Africa, one shore on the Mediterranean and the other on the mighty Atlantic ocean. The Spanish are a multicultural people with roots in the Muslim and Christian worlds. A seafaring race, Spanish explorers found and conquered much of the New World, and, for many centuries, its gold and silver brought Spain unrivalled wealth and power, making the Spanish court the envy of the world. O fair and virtuous Isabella! Will you rebuild the Spanish empire and show the world again the greatness of your people? Will you take up the mantle of the holy monarchy, and vanquish your foes under heaven’s watchful eyes? Your adoring subjects await your command! Can you build a civilization that will stand the test of time? Civilization V Leaders [edit] Ahmad al-Mansur BNW-only.pngAlexanderAshurbanipal BNW-only.pngAskiaAttila GodsKings5 clear.pngAugustus CaesarBismarckBoudicca GodsKings5 clear.pngCasimir III BNW-only.pngCatherineDarius IDido GodsKings5 clear.pngElizabethEnrico Dandolo BNW-only.pngGajah Mada BNW-only.pngGandhiGenghis Khan1Gustavus Adolphus GodsKings5 clear.pngHaile Selassie GodsKings5 clear.pngHarald Bluetooth1Harun al-RashidHiawathaIsabella1Kamehameha1Maria I BNW-only.pngMaria Theresa GodsKings5 clear.pngMontezumaNapoleonNebuchadnezzar II1Oda NobunagaPacal GodsKings5 clear.pngPachacuti1Pedro II BNW-only.pngPocatello BNW-only.pngRamesses IIRamkhamhaengSejong1Shaka BNW-only.pngSuleimanTheodora GodsKings5 clear.pngWashingtonWilliam GodsKings5 clear.pngWu Zetian 1 Requires a DLC GodsKings5 clear.png Valid only in the Gods & Kings expansion pack.

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