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The Western States Hockey League (WSHL) was a junior ice hockey league established in 1993. It was sanctioned by the United Hockey Union, the junior hockey branch of the Amateur Athletic Union. Previously, it was sanctioned by USA Hockey from 1994 to 2011. Teams played approximately 50 games in the regular season schedule, mimicking what players would experience at the collegiate level. As of January 2022, there are no active teams in the league following the creation of the Can-Am Junior Hockey League by former WSHL teams.
History
Year one consisted of six teams, spanning Arizona, California, Nevada and Utah, with all member clubs playing a 30-game schedule operating as Tier III Junior B teams. The league was founded by Dr. Don Thorne and the Thorne Cup championship trophy was named in his recognition. The Anaheim Jr. Ducks won the first Thorne Cup Championship that season and was the last franchise from the inaugural season still in existence as the Long Beach Bombers until 2019. The Long Beach franchise was sold and the Bombers brand was then used as an expansion team called the Barrhead Bombers.
Current commissioner Ron White took over operation of the WSHL in 1995 and continued to expand the league footprint. In 2007, the WSHL upgraded their league status from the Tier III Junior B level to Junior A to attract higher quality prospects.
In 2011, the league joined the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) and dropped its USA Hockey sanctioning leading to the loss of its most successful franchise, the Phoenix Polar Bears, while adding many new teams. After the WSHL's success without USA Hockey, the United Hockey Union (UHU) was formed under the AAU sanctioning along with the Northern States Hockey League (NSHL) and the Midwest Junior Hockey League (MWJHL). The UHU leagues continued to operate with Tier III Junior A player requirements.
The WSHL has had numerous teams participate and win the USA Hockey and UHU National Championship over the years and most recently, the El Paso Rhinos were crowned the United Hockey Union National Champions in 2014. The WSHL has had great success in moving players on to the college hockey ranks through the "Western States Shootout", an annual all-league showcase held every December in Las Vegas, Nevada. The event averages in excess of 80 scouts in attendance, all of whom are looking to bolster their roster for the following season.In 2015, the WSHL Board of Governors announced the approval of the league to start competing as a Tier II-level player league for a higher caliber of play beginning in the 2015–16 season. Prior to the announcement the only Tier II-level league in the United States was the North American Hockey League. However, unlike the USA Hockey-sanctioned Tier II NAHL, the UHU-sanctioned WSHL operates similar to the Canadian Junior Hockey League's Junior "A" status and continues to charge player tuition to help pay for team travel expenses. In the 2015–16 season, the WSHL grew to its largest membership with 29 teams across 14 states. In 2018, the league expanded into western Canada with a Provinces Division in the WSHL that had originally been announced to play as its own league called the Western Provinces Hockey Association (WPHA). After one season, the WSHL's association with the WPHA dissolved and removed the teams that had been directly operated by the owners of the WPHA. The WPHA then joined the Greater Metro Junior A Hockey League, an independent junior league primarily based in Ontario.In April 2020, the WSHL lost the Fresno Monsters, Las Vegas Thunderbirds, Northern Colorado Eagles, Ogden Mustangs, Ontario Avalanche, Pueblo Bulls, San Diego Sabers, Southern Oregon Spartans, and the Utah Outliers to the United States Premier Hockey League, another independent junior hockey organization. The Oklahoma City Jr. Blazers then left on May 19, 2020, to join to the North American 3 Hockey League (NA3HL). On May 26, 2020, the WSHL announced it would be dormant for the 2020–21 season due to the on-going COVID-19 pandemic, stating the league was already they have begun preparing to return for the 2021–22 season. In June 2020, the El Paso Rhinos also left for the NA3HL for the 2020–21 season with the intention of joining the NAHL for the 2021–22 season.In January 2021, the league stated that it still intended to return for a 2021–22 season. In August, the league gave an update with six new teams and five returning teams split into two divisions: Northwest and Provincial. The schedule was released in September and the league had lost the Vancouver Devils expansion team. The season started the last weekend of October and the expansion Utah Altitude folded after one game played. By November 5, the Northwest Division was announced as going dormant for the season with no games played by Bellingham, Rogue Valley, or Seattle. Bellingham and Vernal then joined the Provincial Division, but Bellingham withdrew after playing five games. By January 2022, the six remaining teams left the WSHL and started another league called the Can-Am Junior Hockey League (CAJHL) to finish the season independently.
Champions
Team history
Full list of teams that have played in the WSHL.
Western Prospects League
As part of the approval of the WSHL to Tier II status in 2015, the WSHL Board of Governors also announced the formation of the Western Prospects League (WPL), a United Hockey Union approved Tier III development league for the WSHL. In its only season (2015–16), the WPL played with four Tier III prospect teams under Tier II organizations (the Casper Coyotes, Cheyenne Stampede, El Paso Rhinos, and Ogden Mustangs) with occasional games against non-WSHL affiliated teams.
In 2016, the UHU approved of two other Tier III leagues, the Canadian Premier Junior Hockey League (CPJHL) and the National College Prospects Hockey League (NCPHL). Several of the WSHL organizations then announced affiliations with some of the NCPHL teams to act as a developmental team and the WPL appears to have been disbanded.
Western Prospects League Champions
References
External links
WSHL.org
United Hockey Union
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sport
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Mishan-e Sofla (Persian: ميشان سفلي, also Romanized as Mīshān-e Soflá; also known as Mishan and Mīshān-e Kūchek) is a village in Mishan Rural District, Mahvarmilani District, Mamasani County, Fars Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 327, in 75 families.
== References ==
|
country
|
{
"answer_start": [
207
],
"text": [
"Iran"
]
}
|
Mishan-e Sofla (Persian: ميشان سفلي, also Romanized as Mīshān-e Soflá; also known as Mishan and Mīshān-e Kūchek) is a village in Mishan Rural District, Mahvarmilani District, Mamasani County, Fars Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 327, in 75 families.
== References ==
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
118
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"text": [
"village"
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Mishan-e Sofla (Persian: ميشان سفلي, also Romanized as Mīshān-e Soflá; also known as Mishan and Mīshān-e Kūchek) is a village in Mishan Rural District, Mahvarmilani District, Mamasani County, Fars Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 327, in 75 families.
== References ==
|
located in the administrative territorial entity
|
{
"answer_start": [
129
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"text": [
"Mishan Rural District"
]
}
|
The Oyapock or Oiapoque (; French: Fleuve Oyapock [flœv ojapɔk]; Portuguese: Rio Oiapoque [ˈʁiu ɔjɐˈpɔki]) is a 403-kilometre (250 mi) long river in South America that forms most of the border between the French overseas department of French Guiana and the Brazilian state of Amapá.
Course
The Oyapock runs through the Guianan moist forests ecoregion.
It rises in the Tumuk Humak (Portuguese: Tumucumaque) mountain range and flows into the Atlantic Ocean, where its estuary forms a large bay bordering on Cape Orange.
The mouth of the Oyapock is the northern end of Brazil's coastline, as it is where the border between Brazil and French Guiana meets the ocean, but nearby Cape Orange, which separates the Bay of Oyapock from the Atlantic Ocean, is the northernmost point of the Brazilian coast. In Brazil, both the cape and the mouth of the Oyapock are often mistaken for the whole country's northernmost point (rather than just of its coastline), and in the past this information could even be found in geography schoolbooks. Yet the true northernmost point in Brazil is actually far inland, on Monte Caburaí, in the state of Roraima, hundreds of kilometers from the Oyapock and almost a full degree more to the north.
History
Vicente Yáñez Pinzón was said to be the first European person to see the Oiapoque River in the first years of the 16th century. It has been rendered Japoc, Yapoc, Iapoco, Wiapoco, and even called the Vicente Pinzón River. Early European colonists referred to the river as the Wiapoco, and it was the site of early settlements by the Englishman Robert Harcourt in 1608 and the Dutchman Jan van Ryen in 1627. The name Oiapoque has been officially used from 1900, when a territorial dispute between Brazil and France was resolved through Swiss diplomatic arbitration.
Settlements
In addition to the small towns of Oiapoque (Amapá) and Saint-Georges de l'Oyapock (French Guiana), there are some small villages scattered along the bank of the Oyapock, such as Camopi and Clevelândia do Norte.
Bridge
The Oyapock River Bridge has been built across the river to connect the Brazilian town of Oiapoque and the French town of Saint-Georges-de-l'Oyapock. It is the first international land border connection of French Guiana; although completed since 2011, as of February 2017, it had remained closed to traffic due to payment delays for construction and building crews, staffing issues within the Brazilian customs facilities, plus some minor disagreements between the Brazilian and French governments. The inauguration ceremony of the bridge finally took place on 18 March 2017. Starting from 08:00 on 20 March 2017, the bridge has been open to members of the public.
In popular culture
The widespread Brazilian Portuguese expression "do Oiapoque ao Chuí" ("from the Oyapock to the Chuí [rivers]") is used to refer to the whole nation, by mentioning the waterways that mark respectively the northern and southern extremities of the Brazilian coastline (as noted above, they are often mistaken for the entire country's northern and southern extreme points). Thus, the saying is used in the same way as Americans use the expression "from coast to coast."
See also
Rings of Chariklo, one of which is named "Oiapoque" after the river.
List of rivers of French Guiana
List of rivers of the Americas by coastline
== References ==
|
country
|
{
"answer_start": [
1738
],
"text": [
"France"
]
}
|
The Oyapock or Oiapoque (; French: Fleuve Oyapock [flœv ojapɔk]; Portuguese: Rio Oiapoque [ˈʁiu ɔjɐˈpɔki]) is a 403-kilometre (250 mi) long river in South America that forms most of the border between the French overseas department of French Guiana and the Brazilian state of Amapá.
Course
The Oyapock runs through the Guianan moist forests ecoregion.
It rises in the Tumuk Humak (Portuguese: Tumucumaque) mountain range and flows into the Atlantic Ocean, where its estuary forms a large bay bordering on Cape Orange.
The mouth of the Oyapock is the northern end of Brazil's coastline, as it is where the border between Brazil and French Guiana meets the ocean, but nearby Cape Orange, which separates the Bay of Oyapock from the Atlantic Ocean, is the northernmost point of the Brazilian coast. In Brazil, both the cape and the mouth of the Oyapock are often mistaken for the whole country's northernmost point (rather than just of its coastline), and in the past this information could even be found in geography schoolbooks. Yet the true northernmost point in Brazil is actually far inland, on Monte Caburaí, in the state of Roraima, hundreds of kilometers from the Oyapock and almost a full degree more to the north.
History
Vicente Yáñez Pinzón was said to be the first European person to see the Oiapoque River in the first years of the 16th century. It has been rendered Japoc, Yapoc, Iapoco, Wiapoco, and even called the Vicente Pinzón River. Early European colonists referred to the river as the Wiapoco, and it was the site of early settlements by the Englishman Robert Harcourt in 1608 and the Dutchman Jan van Ryen in 1627. The name Oiapoque has been officially used from 1900, when a territorial dispute between Brazil and France was resolved through Swiss diplomatic arbitration.
Settlements
In addition to the small towns of Oiapoque (Amapá) and Saint-Georges de l'Oyapock (French Guiana), there are some small villages scattered along the bank of the Oyapock, such as Camopi and Clevelândia do Norte.
Bridge
The Oyapock River Bridge has been built across the river to connect the Brazilian town of Oiapoque and the French town of Saint-Georges-de-l'Oyapock. It is the first international land border connection of French Guiana; although completed since 2011, as of February 2017, it had remained closed to traffic due to payment delays for construction and building crews, staffing issues within the Brazilian customs facilities, plus some minor disagreements between the Brazilian and French governments. The inauguration ceremony of the bridge finally took place on 18 March 2017. Starting from 08:00 on 20 March 2017, the bridge has been open to members of the public.
In popular culture
The widespread Brazilian Portuguese expression "do Oiapoque ao Chuí" ("from the Oyapock to the Chuí [rivers]") is used to refer to the whole nation, by mentioning the waterways that mark respectively the northern and southern extremities of the Brazilian coastline (as noted above, they are often mistaken for the entire country's northern and southern extreme points). Thus, the saying is used in the same way as Americans use the expression "from coast to coast."
See also
Rings of Chariklo, one of which is named "Oiapoque" after the river.
List of rivers of French Guiana
List of rivers of the Americas by coastline
== References ==
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
140
],
"text": [
"river"
]
}
|
The Oyapock or Oiapoque (; French: Fleuve Oyapock [flœv ojapɔk]; Portuguese: Rio Oiapoque [ˈʁiu ɔjɐˈpɔki]) is a 403-kilometre (250 mi) long river in South America that forms most of the border between the French overseas department of French Guiana and the Brazilian state of Amapá.
Course
The Oyapock runs through the Guianan moist forests ecoregion.
It rises in the Tumuk Humak (Portuguese: Tumucumaque) mountain range and flows into the Atlantic Ocean, where its estuary forms a large bay bordering on Cape Orange.
The mouth of the Oyapock is the northern end of Brazil's coastline, as it is where the border between Brazil and French Guiana meets the ocean, but nearby Cape Orange, which separates the Bay of Oyapock from the Atlantic Ocean, is the northernmost point of the Brazilian coast. In Brazil, both the cape and the mouth of the Oyapock are often mistaken for the whole country's northernmost point (rather than just of its coastline), and in the past this information could even be found in geography schoolbooks. Yet the true northernmost point in Brazil is actually far inland, on Monte Caburaí, in the state of Roraima, hundreds of kilometers from the Oyapock and almost a full degree more to the north.
History
Vicente Yáñez Pinzón was said to be the first European person to see the Oiapoque River in the first years of the 16th century. It has been rendered Japoc, Yapoc, Iapoco, Wiapoco, and even called the Vicente Pinzón River. Early European colonists referred to the river as the Wiapoco, and it was the site of early settlements by the Englishman Robert Harcourt in 1608 and the Dutchman Jan van Ryen in 1627. The name Oiapoque has been officially used from 1900, when a territorial dispute between Brazil and France was resolved through Swiss diplomatic arbitration.
Settlements
In addition to the small towns of Oiapoque (Amapá) and Saint-Georges de l'Oyapock (French Guiana), there are some small villages scattered along the bank of the Oyapock, such as Camopi and Clevelândia do Norte.
Bridge
The Oyapock River Bridge has been built across the river to connect the Brazilian town of Oiapoque and the French town of Saint-Georges-de-l'Oyapock. It is the first international land border connection of French Guiana; although completed since 2011, as of February 2017, it had remained closed to traffic due to payment delays for construction and building crews, staffing issues within the Brazilian customs facilities, plus some minor disagreements between the Brazilian and French governments. The inauguration ceremony of the bridge finally took place on 18 March 2017. Starting from 08:00 on 20 March 2017, the bridge has been open to members of the public.
In popular culture
The widespread Brazilian Portuguese expression "do Oiapoque ao Chuí" ("from the Oyapock to the Chuí [rivers]") is used to refer to the whole nation, by mentioning the waterways that mark respectively the northern and southern extremities of the Brazilian coastline (as noted above, they are often mistaken for the entire country's northern and southern extreme points). Thus, the saying is used in the same way as Americans use the expression "from coast to coast."
See also
Rings of Chariklo, one of which is named "Oiapoque" after the river.
List of rivers of French Guiana
List of rivers of the Americas by coastline
== References ==
|
located in the administrative territorial entity
|
{
"answer_start": [
235
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"text": [
"French Guiana"
]
}
|
The Oyapock or Oiapoque (; French: Fleuve Oyapock [flœv ojapɔk]; Portuguese: Rio Oiapoque [ˈʁiu ɔjɐˈpɔki]) is a 403-kilometre (250 mi) long river in South America that forms most of the border between the French overseas department of French Guiana and the Brazilian state of Amapá.
Course
The Oyapock runs through the Guianan moist forests ecoregion.
It rises in the Tumuk Humak (Portuguese: Tumucumaque) mountain range and flows into the Atlantic Ocean, where its estuary forms a large bay bordering on Cape Orange.
The mouth of the Oyapock is the northern end of Brazil's coastline, as it is where the border between Brazil and French Guiana meets the ocean, but nearby Cape Orange, which separates the Bay of Oyapock from the Atlantic Ocean, is the northernmost point of the Brazilian coast. In Brazil, both the cape and the mouth of the Oyapock are often mistaken for the whole country's northernmost point (rather than just of its coastline), and in the past this information could even be found in geography schoolbooks. Yet the true northernmost point in Brazil is actually far inland, on Monte Caburaí, in the state of Roraima, hundreds of kilometers from the Oyapock and almost a full degree more to the north.
History
Vicente Yáñez Pinzón was said to be the first European person to see the Oiapoque River in the first years of the 16th century. It has been rendered Japoc, Yapoc, Iapoco, Wiapoco, and even called the Vicente Pinzón River. Early European colonists referred to the river as the Wiapoco, and it was the site of early settlements by the Englishman Robert Harcourt in 1608 and the Dutchman Jan van Ryen in 1627. The name Oiapoque has been officially used from 1900, when a territorial dispute between Brazil and France was resolved through Swiss diplomatic arbitration.
Settlements
In addition to the small towns of Oiapoque (Amapá) and Saint-Georges de l'Oyapock (French Guiana), there are some small villages scattered along the bank of the Oyapock, such as Camopi and Clevelândia do Norte.
Bridge
The Oyapock River Bridge has been built across the river to connect the Brazilian town of Oiapoque and the French town of Saint-Georges-de-l'Oyapock. It is the first international land border connection of French Guiana; although completed since 2011, as of February 2017, it had remained closed to traffic due to payment delays for construction and building crews, staffing issues within the Brazilian customs facilities, plus some minor disagreements between the Brazilian and French governments. The inauguration ceremony of the bridge finally took place on 18 March 2017. Starting from 08:00 on 20 March 2017, the bridge has been open to members of the public.
In popular culture
The widespread Brazilian Portuguese expression "do Oiapoque ao Chuí" ("from the Oyapock to the Chuí [rivers]") is used to refer to the whole nation, by mentioning the waterways that mark respectively the northern and southern extremities of the Brazilian coastline (as noted above, they are often mistaken for the entire country's northern and southern extreme points). Thus, the saying is used in the same way as Americans use the expression "from coast to coast."
See also
Rings of Chariklo, one of which is named "Oiapoque" after the river.
List of rivers of French Guiana
List of rivers of the Americas by coastline
== References ==
|
Commons category
|
{
"answer_start": [
2032
],
"text": [
"Oyapock River"
]
}
|
The Oyapock or Oiapoque (; French: Fleuve Oyapock [flœv ojapɔk]; Portuguese: Rio Oiapoque [ˈʁiu ɔjɐˈpɔki]) is a 403-kilometre (250 mi) long river in South America that forms most of the border between the French overseas department of French Guiana and the Brazilian state of Amapá.
Course
The Oyapock runs through the Guianan moist forests ecoregion.
It rises in the Tumuk Humak (Portuguese: Tumucumaque) mountain range and flows into the Atlantic Ocean, where its estuary forms a large bay bordering on Cape Orange.
The mouth of the Oyapock is the northern end of Brazil's coastline, as it is where the border between Brazil and French Guiana meets the ocean, but nearby Cape Orange, which separates the Bay of Oyapock from the Atlantic Ocean, is the northernmost point of the Brazilian coast. In Brazil, both the cape and the mouth of the Oyapock are often mistaken for the whole country's northernmost point (rather than just of its coastline), and in the past this information could even be found in geography schoolbooks. Yet the true northernmost point in Brazil is actually far inland, on Monte Caburaí, in the state of Roraima, hundreds of kilometers from the Oyapock and almost a full degree more to the north.
History
Vicente Yáñez Pinzón was said to be the first European person to see the Oiapoque River in the first years of the 16th century. It has been rendered Japoc, Yapoc, Iapoco, Wiapoco, and even called the Vicente Pinzón River. Early European colonists referred to the river as the Wiapoco, and it was the site of early settlements by the Englishman Robert Harcourt in 1608 and the Dutchman Jan van Ryen in 1627. The name Oiapoque has been officially used from 1900, when a territorial dispute between Brazil and France was resolved through Swiss diplomatic arbitration.
Settlements
In addition to the small towns of Oiapoque (Amapá) and Saint-Georges de l'Oyapock (French Guiana), there are some small villages scattered along the bank of the Oyapock, such as Camopi and Clevelândia do Norte.
Bridge
The Oyapock River Bridge has been built across the river to connect the Brazilian town of Oiapoque and the French town of Saint-Georges-de-l'Oyapock. It is the first international land border connection of French Guiana; although completed since 2011, as of February 2017, it had remained closed to traffic due to payment delays for construction and building crews, staffing issues within the Brazilian customs facilities, plus some minor disagreements between the Brazilian and French governments. The inauguration ceremony of the bridge finally took place on 18 March 2017. Starting from 08:00 on 20 March 2017, the bridge has been open to members of the public.
In popular culture
The widespread Brazilian Portuguese expression "do Oiapoque ao Chuí" ("from the Oyapock to the Chuí [rivers]") is used to refer to the whole nation, by mentioning the waterways that mark respectively the northern and southern extremities of the Brazilian coastline (as noted above, they are often mistaken for the entire country's northern and southern extreme points). Thus, the saying is used in the same way as Americans use the expression "from coast to coast."
See also
Rings of Chariklo, one of which is named "Oiapoque" after the river.
List of rivers of French Guiana
List of rivers of the Americas by coastline
== References ==
|
mouth of the watercourse
|
{
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441
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"text": [
"Atlantic Ocean"
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}
|
The Oyapock or Oiapoque (; French: Fleuve Oyapock [flœv ojapɔk]; Portuguese: Rio Oiapoque [ˈʁiu ɔjɐˈpɔki]) is a 403-kilometre (250 mi) long river in South America that forms most of the border between the French overseas department of French Guiana and the Brazilian state of Amapá.
Course
The Oyapock runs through the Guianan moist forests ecoregion.
It rises in the Tumuk Humak (Portuguese: Tumucumaque) mountain range and flows into the Atlantic Ocean, where its estuary forms a large bay bordering on Cape Orange.
The mouth of the Oyapock is the northern end of Brazil's coastline, as it is where the border between Brazil and French Guiana meets the ocean, but nearby Cape Orange, which separates the Bay of Oyapock from the Atlantic Ocean, is the northernmost point of the Brazilian coast. In Brazil, both the cape and the mouth of the Oyapock are often mistaken for the whole country's northernmost point (rather than just of its coastline), and in the past this information could even be found in geography schoolbooks. Yet the true northernmost point in Brazil is actually far inland, on Monte Caburaí, in the state of Roraima, hundreds of kilometers from the Oyapock and almost a full degree more to the north.
History
Vicente Yáñez Pinzón was said to be the first European person to see the Oiapoque River in the first years of the 16th century. It has been rendered Japoc, Yapoc, Iapoco, Wiapoco, and even called the Vicente Pinzón River. Early European colonists referred to the river as the Wiapoco, and it was the site of early settlements by the Englishman Robert Harcourt in 1608 and the Dutchman Jan van Ryen in 1627. The name Oiapoque has been officially used from 1900, when a territorial dispute between Brazil and France was resolved through Swiss diplomatic arbitration.
Settlements
In addition to the small towns of Oiapoque (Amapá) and Saint-Georges de l'Oyapock (French Guiana), there are some small villages scattered along the bank of the Oyapock, such as Camopi and Clevelândia do Norte.
Bridge
The Oyapock River Bridge has been built across the river to connect the Brazilian town of Oiapoque and the French town of Saint-Georges-de-l'Oyapock. It is the first international land border connection of French Guiana; although completed since 2011, as of February 2017, it had remained closed to traffic due to payment delays for construction and building crews, staffing issues within the Brazilian customs facilities, plus some minor disagreements between the Brazilian and French governments. The inauguration ceremony of the bridge finally took place on 18 March 2017. Starting from 08:00 on 20 March 2017, the bridge has been open to members of the public.
In popular culture
The widespread Brazilian Portuguese expression "do Oiapoque ao Chuí" ("from the Oyapock to the Chuí [rivers]") is used to refer to the whole nation, by mentioning the waterways that mark respectively the northern and southern extremities of the Brazilian coastline (as noted above, they are often mistaken for the entire country's northern and southern extreme points). Thus, the saying is used in the same way as Americans use the expression "from coast to coast."
See also
Rings of Chariklo, one of which is named "Oiapoque" after the river.
List of rivers of French Guiana
List of rivers of the Americas by coastline
== References ==
|
tributary
|
{
"answer_start": [
1987
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"text": [
"Camopi"
]
}
|
Elbio Rubén Dagotto is an Argentinian-American theoretical physicist and academic. He is a Distinguished Professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, and Distinguished Scientist in the Materials Science and Technology Division at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory.Dagotto is most known for using theoretical models and computational techniques to explore transition metal oxides, oxide interfaces, high-temperature superconductors, topological materials, quantum magnets, and nanoscale systems. He authored the book, Nanoscale Phase Separation and Colossal Magnetoresistance which has focused on transition metal oxides, particularly manganese oxides with the colossal magneto-resistance effect and co-edited the book, Multifunctional Oxide Heterostructures.Dagotto held appointments as a Member of the Solid State Sciences Committee at the National Academy of Sciences and as a Divisional Editor for Physical Review Letters. He is a Fellow of both the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and the American Physical Society (APS), and has also been recognized as an Outstanding Referee by the APS and Europhysics Letters (EPL). Furthermore, he is the recipient of the 2023 David Adler Lectureship Award in the Field of Materials Physics and recipient of the 2023 Alexander Prize of the University of Tennessee.
Education and career
Dagotto studied physics at the Institute Balseiro, Bariloche Atomic Centre, Bariloche, Argentina, where he received the title of Licenciado. Continuing in the Centro Atomico Bariloche, he received his PhD in the field of High Energy Physics, specifically in lattice gauge theories. He then moved as Postdoctoral Researcher to the Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign under the supervision of Eduardo Fradkin and John Kogut. His second postdoctoral appointment was at the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, at the University of California, Santa Barbara, where he collaborated with Douglas James Scalapino, John Robert Schrieffer and Robert Sugar.Dagotto became Assistant, Associate and then Full Professor at the Department of Physics, Florida State University. There, he was associated with the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, working in the theory group. He works in a Correlated Electron Group with Adriana Moreo, and has had a joint appointment between the University of Tennessee (UT), Knoxville, and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) since 2004.
Research
Dagotto's research has primarily focused on strongly correlated electronic materials, and lately in quantum materials, where correlation and topological effects are intertwined. In the presence of strong correlation, the interactions between electrons play a crucial role and the one-electron approximation, used for example in semiconductors, is no longer valid. In this framework, he has worked on theories for many families of materials, such as high critical temperature superconductors and manganese oxides with the colossal magnetoresistance. The overarching theme of his work is that correlated electrons must be considered in the broader context of complexity. As described by Philip W. Anderson in his publication, “More Is Different” having simple fundamental interactions among particles does not imply the ability to reconstruct their collective properties. Dagotto argued that in correlated electronic systems, similar emergence occurs, and these complex systems spontaneously form complicated states and self-organize in patterns impossible to predict by mere inspection of the simple electron-electron interactions involved. Because of its intrinsic difficulty, to study complexity and emergence in quantum materials the use of computational techniques is crucial. He has employed Monte Carlo, density matrix renormalization group, and Lanczos methods. Together with collaborators, he also developed new algorithms to study systems described by spin-fermion models, with a mixture of quantum and classical degrees of freedom, such as in the double exchange context used for materials in the central part of the 3d row of the periodic table.
Scientific work
In 1992, Dagotto, in collaboration with José Riera and Doug Scalapino, opened the field of ladder compounds, materials with atomic substructures containing two chains next to each other and with inter-ladder coupling (along rungs) of magnitude comparable to that in the long direction (along legs). This research was the first to demonstrate that the transition from one chain to a full two-dimensional plane was not a smooth process simply involving the addition of one chain to another. Instead, it was revealed that even and odd number of chains (called legs due to its ladder-like geometry) belong to classes with quite different behavior. The even-leg ladders, with two legs being the most dramatic case, were theoretically predicted by Dagotto to display a spin gap, spin liquid properties, and tendencies toward superconductivity upon hole doping, all properties confirmed experimentally in materials of the family of copper-based high critical superconductors. Even in the more recently discovered iron-based high critical temperature superconductor, the "123" materials such as BaFe2S3 with ladder geometry also display superconductivity under high pressure.Dagotto employed computational techniques to study model Hamiltonians for high critical temperature superconductors based on copper, thus reducing the uncertainty in the analysis of these models when employing other approximations, such as mean field or variational methods. In 1990, he along with research collaborators, and other groups independently, realized that the dominant attractive channel for Cooper pairs of holes in an antiferromagnetic background is the dx2-y2 channel. In 1990, he studied dynamical properties of the Hubbard model and t-J model computationally, addressing photoemission dispersions and quasiparticle weights.In 1998, Dagotto developed the Monte Carlo techniques that allowed for the first computational studies of spin-fermion models for manganites, in collaboration with Seiji Yunoki and Adriana Moreo. Employing these techniques, phase separation involving electronic degrees of freedom, dubbed "electronic phase separation" was discovered. The computational techniques developed by him and research collaborators unveiled the strong competition between a ferromagnetic metallic state and complex charge-orbital-spin ordered insulating states, providing the explanation for the colossal magnetoresistance effect in manganites. More recently, similar Monte Carlo techniques have been employed by him and collaborators to study properties of iron-based superconductors, revealing the role of the lattice to stabilize the electronic nematic regime above the antiferromagnetic critical temperature.In a highly cited 2005 publication, Dagotto argued that the electronic degree of freedom in transition metal oxides and related materials displays characteristics similar to those of soft matter, where complex patterns arise from deceptively simple interactions.In 2006, Dagotto and Ivan Sergienko developed a theory to understand the multiferroic properties of narrow bandwidth perovskites and other oxides. Their spin arrangements break inversion symmetry, and this triggers ferroelectric properties, leading to multiferroics, which are materials with both magnetic and ferroelectric properties. He, along with Ivan Sergienko, Cengiz Sen, Silvia Picozzi and collaborators also proposed magnetostriction as a mechanism for multiferroicity.Dagotto made several other contributions to theoretical condensed matter physics. Together with Pengcheng Dai and Jiangping Hu, in 2012 they were among the first to argue that the iron based high critical temperature superconductors are not located in the weak Hubbard coupling limit. Instead they are in the intermediate Hubbard coupling regime, thus requiring a combination of localized and itinerant degrees of freedom. In particular, iron selenides are an example of materials where electronic correlations and spin frustration cannot be ignored. With Julian Rincon, Jacek Herbrych and collaborators, employing the density matrix renormalization group, they computationally discovered “block” states in low-dimensional multi-orbital Hubbard models. Spin blocks are groups of spin that are aligned ferromagnetically, anti-ferro coupled among them, and they display exotic dynamical spin structure factors with a mixture of spin waves and optical modes.Among the related findings, Herbrych, Dagotto and collaborators revealed the existence of a spin spiral made out of blocks, a state never reported before. When this spiral one-dimensional state is placed over a two-dimensional superconducting plane, Majorana fermions developed at the chain by proximity effect from the plane, and for this reason this chain-plane geometry has potential value in topological quantum computing. He, together with Narayan Mohanta and Satoshi Okamoto, also reported Majoranas in a two-dimensional three-layer geometry with a skyrmion crystal at the bottom, an electron gas in the middle, and a standard superconductor at the top with a carved one-dimensional channel. Within topology in one dimension, he, Nirav Patel, and collaborators proposed a fermionic two-orbital electronic model that becomes the S=1 Haldane chain in strong Hubbard coupling, and has similarities with the AKLT state of spin systems. The proposed fermionic model has a spin gap and spin liquid properties, as the Haldane chain, and it is quite different from the S=1/2 Heisenberg chain. Moreover, he and collaborators predicted superconductivity upon hole doping, similarly as it occurs in ladders due to the existence of preformed spin ½ singlets in the ground state as in a resonant valence bond state.Dagotto also contributed to theoretical aspects of oxide interfaces, where oxides are grown one over the other creating interfaces where reconstructions of the spin, charge, orbital, and lattice can occur. Together with Shuai Dong and collaborators, he showed that a superlattice made of insulating Mn-oxide components becomes globally metallic in the new geometry. He has also worked in skyrmions. In the early stages of his career, he made contributions: to particle physics in the context of lattice gauge theories, to the interface between particle physics and condensed matter, and to frustrated spin systems.
Awards and honors
1998 – Fellow, American Physical Society
2006 – Member, Solid State Sciences Committee of the National Academy of Sciences
2008 – Outstanding Referee, American Physical Society (APS)
2010 – Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
2012 – Outstanding Referee, Europhysics Letters (EPL)
2019, 2021, 2023 – Teacher of the year award, University of Tennessee
2023 – David Adler Lectureship Award in the Field of Materials Physics, American Physical Society with citation "For pioneering work on the theoretical framework of correlated electron systems and describing their importance through elegant written and oral communications."
2023 – Alexander Prize, University of Tennessee
Bibliography
Books
Nanoscale Phase Separation and Colossal Magnetoresistance (2003) ISBN 9783540432456
Multifunctional Oxide Heterostructures (2012) ISBN 9780199584123
Selected articles
Dagotto, E., Riera, J., & Scalapino, D. (1992). Superconductivity in ladders and coupled planes. Physical Review B, 45(10), 5744.
Barnes, T., Dagotto, E., Riera, J., & Swanson, E. S. (1993). Excitation spectrum of Heisenberg spin ladders. Physical Review B, 47(6), 3196.
Dagotto, E. (1994). Correlated electrons in high-temperature superconductors. Reviews of Modern Physics, 66(3), 763.
Dagotto, E., & Rice, T. M. (1996). Surprises on the way from one-to two-dimensional quantum magnets: The ladder materials. Science, 271(5249), 618–623.
Yunoki, S., Hu, J., Malvezzi, A. L., Moreo, A., Furukawa, N., & Dagotto, E. (1998). Phase separation in electronic models for manganites. Physical Review Letters, 80(4), 845.
Moreo, A., Yunoki, S., & Dagotto, E. (1999). Phase separation scenario for manganese oxides and related materials. Science, 283(5410), 2034–2040.
Dagotto, E., Hotta, T., & Moreo, A. (2001). Colossal magnetoresistant materials: the key role of phase separation. Physics Reports, 344(1–3), 1–153.
Dagotto, E. (2005). Complexity in strongly correlated electronic systems. Science, 309(5732), 257–262.
Sergienko, I. A., & Dagotto, E. (2006). Role of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in multiferroic perovskites. Physical Review B, 73(9), 094434.
Dai, P., Hu, J., & Dagotto, E. (2012). Magnetism and its microscopic origin in iron-based high-temperature superconductors. Nature Physics, 8(10), 709–718.
== References ==
|
field of work
|
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Elbio Rubén Dagotto is an Argentinian-American theoretical physicist and academic. He is a Distinguished Professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, and Distinguished Scientist in the Materials Science and Technology Division at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory.Dagotto is most known for using theoretical models and computational techniques to explore transition metal oxides, oxide interfaces, high-temperature superconductors, topological materials, quantum magnets, and nanoscale systems. He authored the book, Nanoscale Phase Separation and Colossal Magnetoresistance which has focused on transition metal oxides, particularly manganese oxides with the colossal magneto-resistance effect and co-edited the book, Multifunctional Oxide Heterostructures.Dagotto held appointments as a Member of the Solid State Sciences Committee at the National Academy of Sciences and as a Divisional Editor for Physical Review Letters. He is a Fellow of both the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and the American Physical Society (APS), and has also been recognized as an Outstanding Referee by the APS and Europhysics Letters (EPL). Furthermore, he is the recipient of the 2023 David Adler Lectureship Award in the Field of Materials Physics and recipient of the 2023 Alexander Prize of the University of Tennessee.
Education and career
Dagotto studied physics at the Institute Balseiro, Bariloche Atomic Centre, Bariloche, Argentina, where he received the title of Licenciado. Continuing in the Centro Atomico Bariloche, he received his PhD in the field of High Energy Physics, specifically in lattice gauge theories. He then moved as Postdoctoral Researcher to the Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign under the supervision of Eduardo Fradkin and John Kogut. His second postdoctoral appointment was at the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, at the University of California, Santa Barbara, where he collaborated with Douglas James Scalapino, John Robert Schrieffer and Robert Sugar.Dagotto became Assistant, Associate and then Full Professor at the Department of Physics, Florida State University. There, he was associated with the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, working in the theory group. He works in a Correlated Electron Group with Adriana Moreo, and has had a joint appointment between the University of Tennessee (UT), Knoxville, and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) since 2004.
Research
Dagotto's research has primarily focused on strongly correlated electronic materials, and lately in quantum materials, where correlation and topological effects are intertwined. In the presence of strong correlation, the interactions between electrons play a crucial role and the one-electron approximation, used for example in semiconductors, is no longer valid. In this framework, he has worked on theories for many families of materials, such as high critical temperature superconductors and manganese oxides with the colossal magnetoresistance. The overarching theme of his work is that correlated electrons must be considered in the broader context of complexity. As described by Philip W. Anderson in his publication, “More Is Different” having simple fundamental interactions among particles does not imply the ability to reconstruct their collective properties. Dagotto argued that in correlated electronic systems, similar emergence occurs, and these complex systems spontaneously form complicated states and self-organize in patterns impossible to predict by mere inspection of the simple electron-electron interactions involved. Because of its intrinsic difficulty, to study complexity and emergence in quantum materials the use of computational techniques is crucial. He has employed Monte Carlo, density matrix renormalization group, and Lanczos methods. Together with collaborators, he also developed new algorithms to study systems described by spin-fermion models, with a mixture of quantum and classical degrees of freedom, such as in the double exchange context used for materials in the central part of the 3d row of the periodic table.
Scientific work
In 1992, Dagotto, in collaboration with José Riera and Doug Scalapino, opened the field of ladder compounds, materials with atomic substructures containing two chains next to each other and with inter-ladder coupling (along rungs) of magnitude comparable to that in the long direction (along legs). This research was the first to demonstrate that the transition from one chain to a full two-dimensional plane was not a smooth process simply involving the addition of one chain to another. Instead, it was revealed that even and odd number of chains (called legs due to its ladder-like geometry) belong to classes with quite different behavior. The even-leg ladders, with two legs being the most dramatic case, were theoretically predicted by Dagotto to display a spin gap, spin liquid properties, and tendencies toward superconductivity upon hole doping, all properties confirmed experimentally in materials of the family of copper-based high critical superconductors. Even in the more recently discovered iron-based high critical temperature superconductor, the "123" materials such as BaFe2S3 with ladder geometry also display superconductivity under high pressure.Dagotto employed computational techniques to study model Hamiltonians for high critical temperature superconductors based on copper, thus reducing the uncertainty in the analysis of these models when employing other approximations, such as mean field or variational methods. In 1990, he along with research collaborators, and other groups independently, realized that the dominant attractive channel for Cooper pairs of holes in an antiferromagnetic background is the dx2-y2 channel. In 1990, he studied dynamical properties of the Hubbard model and t-J model computationally, addressing photoemission dispersions and quasiparticle weights.In 1998, Dagotto developed the Monte Carlo techniques that allowed for the first computational studies of spin-fermion models for manganites, in collaboration with Seiji Yunoki and Adriana Moreo. Employing these techniques, phase separation involving electronic degrees of freedom, dubbed "electronic phase separation" was discovered. The computational techniques developed by him and research collaborators unveiled the strong competition between a ferromagnetic metallic state and complex charge-orbital-spin ordered insulating states, providing the explanation for the colossal magnetoresistance effect in manganites. More recently, similar Monte Carlo techniques have been employed by him and collaborators to study properties of iron-based superconductors, revealing the role of the lattice to stabilize the electronic nematic regime above the antiferromagnetic critical temperature.In a highly cited 2005 publication, Dagotto argued that the electronic degree of freedom in transition metal oxides and related materials displays characteristics similar to those of soft matter, where complex patterns arise from deceptively simple interactions.In 2006, Dagotto and Ivan Sergienko developed a theory to understand the multiferroic properties of narrow bandwidth perovskites and other oxides. Their spin arrangements break inversion symmetry, and this triggers ferroelectric properties, leading to multiferroics, which are materials with both magnetic and ferroelectric properties. He, along with Ivan Sergienko, Cengiz Sen, Silvia Picozzi and collaborators also proposed magnetostriction as a mechanism for multiferroicity.Dagotto made several other contributions to theoretical condensed matter physics. Together with Pengcheng Dai and Jiangping Hu, in 2012 they were among the first to argue that the iron based high critical temperature superconductors are not located in the weak Hubbard coupling limit. Instead they are in the intermediate Hubbard coupling regime, thus requiring a combination of localized and itinerant degrees of freedom. In particular, iron selenides are an example of materials where electronic correlations and spin frustration cannot be ignored. With Julian Rincon, Jacek Herbrych and collaborators, employing the density matrix renormalization group, they computationally discovered “block” states in low-dimensional multi-orbital Hubbard models. Spin blocks are groups of spin that are aligned ferromagnetically, anti-ferro coupled among them, and they display exotic dynamical spin structure factors with a mixture of spin waves and optical modes.Among the related findings, Herbrych, Dagotto and collaborators revealed the existence of a spin spiral made out of blocks, a state never reported before. When this spiral one-dimensional state is placed over a two-dimensional superconducting plane, Majorana fermions developed at the chain by proximity effect from the plane, and for this reason this chain-plane geometry has potential value in topological quantum computing. He, together with Narayan Mohanta and Satoshi Okamoto, also reported Majoranas in a two-dimensional three-layer geometry with a skyrmion crystal at the bottom, an electron gas in the middle, and a standard superconductor at the top with a carved one-dimensional channel. Within topology in one dimension, he, Nirav Patel, and collaborators proposed a fermionic two-orbital electronic model that becomes the S=1 Haldane chain in strong Hubbard coupling, and has similarities with the AKLT state of spin systems. The proposed fermionic model has a spin gap and spin liquid properties, as the Haldane chain, and it is quite different from the S=1/2 Heisenberg chain. Moreover, he and collaborators predicted superconductivity upon hole doping, similarly as it occurs in ladders due to the existence of preformed spin ½ singlets in the ground state as in a resonant valence bond state.Dagotto also contributed to theoretical aspects of oxide interfaces, where oxides are grown one over the other creating interfaces where reconstructions of the spin, charge, orbital, and lattice can occur. Together with Shuai Dong and collaborators, he showed that a superlattice made of insulating Mn-oxide components becomes globally metallic in the new geometry. He has also worked in skyrmions. In the early stages of his career, he made contributions: to particle physics in the context of lattice gauge theories, to the interface between particle physics and condensed matter, and to frustrated spin systems.
Awards and honors
1998 – Fellow, American Physical Society
2006 – Member, Solid State Sciences Committee of the National Academy of Sciences
2008 – Outstanding Referee, American Physical Society (APS)
2010 – Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
2012 – Outstanding Referee, Europhysics Letters (EPL)
2019, 2021, 2023 – Teacher of the year award, University of Tennessee
2023 – David Adler Lectureship Award in the Field of Materials Physics, American Physical Society with citation "For pioneering work on the theoretical framework of correlated electron systems and describing their importance through elegant written and oral communications."
2023 – Alexander Prize, University of Tennessee
Bibliography
Books
Nanoscale Phase Separation and Colossal Magnetoresistance (2003) ISBN 9783540432456
Multifunctional Oxide Heterostructures (2012) ISBN 9780199584123
Selected articles
Dagotto, E., Riera, J., & Scalapino, D. (1992). Superconductivity in ladders and coupled planes. Physical Review B, 45(10), 5744.
Barnes, T., Dagotto, E., Riera, J., & Swanson, E. S. (1993). Excitation spectrum of Heisenberg spin ladders. Physical Review B, 47(6), 3196.
Dagotto, E. (1994). Correlated electrons in high-temperature superconductors. Reviews of Modern Physics, 66(3), 763.
Dagotto, E., & Rice, T. M. (1996). Surprises on the way from one-to two-dimensional quantum magnets: The ladder materials. Science, 271(5249), 618–623.
Yunoki, S., Hu, J., Malvezzi, A. L., Moreo, A., Furukawa, N., & Dagotto, E. (1998). Phase separation in electronic models for manganites. Physical Review Letters, 80(4), 845.
Moreo, A., Yunoki, S., & Dagotto, E. (1999). Phase separation scenario for manganese oxides and related materials. Science, 283(5410), 2034–2040.
Dagotto, E., Hotta, T., & Moreo, A. (2001). Colossal magnetoresistant materials: the key role of phase separation. Physics Reports, 344(1–3), 1–153.
Dagotto, E. (2005). Complexity in strongly correlated electronic systems. Science, 309(5732), 257–262.
Sergienko, I. A., & Dagotto, E. (2006). Role of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in multiferroic perovskites. Physical Review B, 73(9), 094434.
Dai, P., Hu, J., & Dagotto, E. (2012). Magnetism and its microscopic origin in iron-based high-temperature superconductors. Nature Physics, 8(10), 709–718.
== References ==
|
occupation
|
{
"answer_start": [
59
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"text": [
"physicist"
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Elbio Rubén Dagotto is an Argentinian-American theoretical physicist and academic. He is a Distinguished Professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, and Distinguished Scientist in the Materials Science and Technology Division at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory.Dagotto is most known for using theoretical models and computational techniques to explore transition metal oxides, oxide interfaces, high-temperature superconductors, topological materials, quantum magnets, and nanoscale systems. He authored the book, Nanoscale Phase Separation and Colossal Magnetoresistance which has focused on transition metal oxides, particularly manganese oxides with the colossal magneto-resistance effect and co-edited the book, Multifunctional Oxide Heterostructures.Dagotto held appointments as a Member of the Solid State Sciences Committee at the National Academy of Sciences and as a Divisional Editor for Physical Review Letters. He is a Fellow of both the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and the American Physical Society (APS), and has also been recognized as an Outstanding Referee by the APS and Europhysics Letters (EPL). Furthermore, he is the recipient of the 2023 David Adler Lectureship Award in the Field of Materials Physics and recipient of the 2023 Alexander Prize of the University of Tennessee.
Education and career
Dagotto studied physics at the Institute Balseiro, Bariloche Atomic Centre, Bariloche, Argentina, where he received the title of Licenciado. Continuing in the Centro Atomico Bariloche, he received his PhD in the field of High Energy Physics, specifically in lattice gauge theories. He then moved as Postdoctoral Researcher to the Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign under the supervision of Eduardo Fradkin and John Kogut. His second postdoctoral appointment was at the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, at the University of California, Santa Barbara, where he collaborated with Douglas James Scalapino, John Robert Schrieffer and Robert Sugar.Dagotto became Assistant, Associate and then Full Professor at the Department of Physics, Florida State University. There, he was associated with the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, working in the theory group. He works in a Correlated Electron Group with Adriana Moreo, and has had a joint appointment between the University of Tennessee (UT), Knoxville, and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) since 2004.
Research
Dagotto's research has primarily focused on strongly correlated electronic materials, and lately in quantum materials, where correlation and topological effects are intertwined. In the presence of strong correlation, the interactions between electrons play a crucial role and the one-electron approximation, used for example in semiconductors, is no longer valid. In this framework, he has worked on theories for many families of materials, such as high critical temperature superconductors and manganese oxides with the colossal magnetoresistance. The overarching theme of his work is that correlated electrons must be considered in the broader context of complexity. As described by Philip W. Anderson in his publication, “More Is Different” having simple fundamental interactions among particles does not imply the ability to reconstruct their collective properties. Dagotto argued that in correlated electronic systems, similar emergence occurs, and these complex systems spontaneously form complicated states and self-organize in patterns impossible to predict by mere inspection of the simple electron-electron interactions involved. Because of its intrinsic difficulty, to study complexity and emergence in quantum materials the use of computational techniques is crucial. He has employed Monte Carlo, density matrix renormalization group, and Lanczos methods. Together with collaborators, he also developed new algorithms to study systems described by spin-fermion models, with a mixture of quantum and classical degrees of freedom, such as in the double exchange context used for materials in the central part of the 3d row of the periodic table.
Scientific work
In 1992, Dagotto, in collaboration with José Riera and Doug Scalapino, opened the field of ladder compounds, materials with atomic substructures containing two chains next to each other and with inter-ladder coupling (along rungs) of magnitude comparable to that in the long direction (along legs). This research was the first to demonstrate that the transition from one chain to a full two-dimensional plane was not a smooth process simply involving the addition of one chain to another. Instead, it was revealed that even and odd number of chains (called legs due to its ladder-like geometry) belong to classes with quite different behavior. The even-leg ladders, with two legs being the most dramatic case, were theoretically predicted by Dagotto to display a spin gap, spin liquid properties, and tendencies toward superconductivity upon hole doping, all properties confirmed experimentally in materials of the family of copper-based high critical superconductors. Even in the more recently discovered iron-based high critical temperature superconductor, the "123" materials such as BaFe2S3 with ladder geometry also display superconductivity under high pressure.Dagotto employed computational techniques to study model Hamiltonians for high critical temperature superconductors based on copper, thus reducing the uncertainty in the analysis of these models when employing other approximations, such as mean field or variational methods. In 1990, he along with research collaborators, and other groups independently, realized that the dominant attractive channel for Cooper pairs of holes in an antiferromagnetic background is the dx2-y2 channel. In 1990, he studied dynamical properties of the Hubbard model and t-J model computationally, addressing photoemission dispersions and quasiparticle weights.In 1998, Dagotto developed the Monte Carlo techniques that allowed for the first computational studies of spin-fermion models for manganites, in collaboration with Seiji Yunoki and Adriana Moreo. Employing these techniques, phase separation involving electronic degrees of freedom, dubbed "electronic phase separation" was discovered. The computational techniques developed by him and research collaborators unveiled the strong competition between a ferromagnetic metallic state and complex charge-orbital-spin ordered insulating states, providing the explanation for the colossal magnetoresistance effect in manganites. More recently, similar Monte Carlo techniques have been employed by him and collaborators to study properties of iron-based superconductors, revealing the role of the lattice to stabilize the electronic nematic regime above the antiferromagnetic critical temperature.In a highly cited 2005 publication, Dagotto argued that the electronic degree of freedom in transition metal oxides and related materials displays characteristics similar to those of soft matter, where complex patterns arise from deceptively simple interactions.In 2006, Dagotto and Ivan Sergienko developed a theory to understand the multiferroic properties of narrow bandwidth perovskites and other oxides. Their spin arrangements break inversion symmetry, and this triggers ferroelectric properties, leading to multiferroics, which are materials with both magnetic and ferroelectric properties. He, along with Ivan Sergienko, Cengiz Sen, Silvia Picozzi and collaborators also proposed magnetostriction as a mechanism for multiferroicity.Dagotto made several other contributions to theoretical condensed matter physics. Together with Pengcheng Dai and Jiangping Hu, in 2012 they were among the first to argue that the iron based high critical temperature superconductors are not located in the weak Hubbard coupling limit. Instead they are in the intermediate Hubbard coupling regime, thus requiring a combination of localized and itinerant degrees of freedom. In particular, iron selenides are an example of materials where electronic correlations and spin frustration cannot be ignored. With Julian Rincon, Jacek Herbrych and collaborators, employing the density matrix renormalization group, they computationally discovered “block” states in low-dimensional multi-orbital Hubbard models. Spin blocks are groups of spin that are aligned ferromagnetically, anti-ferro coupled among them, and they display exotic dynamical spin structure factors with a mixture of spin waves and optical modes.Among the related findings, Herbrych, Dagotto and collaborators revealed the existence of a spin spiral made out of blocks, a state never reported before. When this spiral one-dimensional state is placed over a two-dimensional superconducting plane, Majorana fermions developed at the chain by proximity effect from the plane, and for this reason this chain-plane geometry has potential value in topological quantum computing. He, together with Narayan Mohanta and Satoshi Okamoto, also reported Majoranas in a two-dimensional three-layer geometry with a skyrmion crystal at the bottom, an electron gas in the middle, and a standard superconductor at the top with a carved one-dimensional channel. Within topology in one dimension, he, Nirav Patel, and collaborators proposed a fermionic two-orbital electronic model that becomes the S=1 Haldane chain in strong Hubbard coupling, and has similarities with the AKLT state of spin systems. The proposed fermionic model has a spin gap and spin liquid properties, as the Haldane chain, and it is quite different from the S=1/2 Heisenberg chain. Moreover, he and collaborators predicted superconductivity upon hole doping, similarly as it occurs in ladders due to the existence of preformed spin ½ singlets in the ground state as in a resonant valence bond state.Dagotto also contributed to theoretical aspects of oxide interfaces, where oxides are grown one over the other creating interfaces where reconstructions of the spin, charge, orbital, and lattice can occur. Together with Shuai Dong and collaborators, he showed that a superlattice made of insulating Mn-oxide components becomes globally metallic in the new geometry. He has also worked in skyrmions. In the early stages of his career, he made contributions: to particle physics in the context of lattice gauge theories, to the interface between particle physics and condensed matter, and to frustrated spin systems.
Awards and honors
1998 – Fellow, American Physical Society
2006 – Member, Solid State Sciences Committee of the National Academy of Sciences
2008 – Outstanding Referee, American Physical Society (APS)
2010 – Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
2012 – Outstanding Referee, Europhysics Letters (EPL)
2019, 2021, 2023 – Teacher of the year award, University of Tennessee
2023 – David Adler Lectureship Award in the Field of Materials Physics, American Physical Society with citation "For pioneering work on the theoretical framework of correlated electron systems and describing their importance through elegant written and oral communications."
2023 – Alexander Prize, University of Tennessee
Bibliography
Books
Nanoscale Phase Separation and Colossal Magnetoresistance (2003) ISBN 9783540432456
Multifunctional Oxide Heterostructures (2012) ISBN 9780199584123
Selected articles
Dagotto, E., Riera, J., & Scalapino, D. (1992). Superconductivity in ladders and coupled planes. Physical Review B, 45(10), 5744.
Barnes, T., Dagotto, E., Riera, J., & Swanson, E. S. (1993). Excitation spectrum of Heisenberg spin ladders. Physical Review B, 47(6), 3196.
Dagotto, E. (1994). Correlated electrons in high-temperature superconductors. Reviews of Modern Physics, 66(3), 763.
Dagotto, E., & Rice, T. M. (1996). Surprises on the way from one-to two-dimensional quantum magnets: The ladder materials. Science, 271(5249), 618–623.
Yunoki, S., Hu, J., Malvezzi, A. L., Moreo, A., Furukawa, N., & Dagotto, E. (1998). Phase separation in electronic models for manganites. Physical Review Letters, 80(4), 845.
Moreo, A., Yunoki, S., & Dagotto, E. (1999). Phase separation scenario for manganese oxides and related materials. Science, 283(5410), 2034–2040.
Dagotto, E., Hotta, T., & Moreo, A. (2001). Colossal magnetoresistant materials: the key role of phase separation. Physics Reports, 344(1–3), 1–153.
Dagotto, E. (2005). Complexity in strongly correlated electronic systems. Science, 309(5732), 257–262.
Sergienko, I. A., & Dagotto, E. (2006). Role of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in multiferroic perovskites. Physical Review B, 73(9), 094434.
Dai, P., Hu, J., & Dagotto, E. (2012). Magnetism and its microscopic origin in iron-based high-temperature superconductors. Nature Physics, 8(10), 709–718.
== References ==
|
employer
|
{
"answer_start": [
285
],
"text": [
"Oak Ridge National Laboratory"
]
}
|
Elbio Rubén Dagotto is an Argentinian-American theoretical physicist and academic. He is a Distinguished Professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, and Distinguished Scientist in the Materials Science and Technology Division at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory.Dagotto is most known for using theoretical models and computational techniques to explore transition metal oxides, oxide interfaces, high-temperature superconductors, topological materials, quantum magnets, and nanoscale systems. He authored the book, Nanoscale Phase Separation and Colossal Magnetoresistance which has focused on transition metal oxides, particularly manganese oxides with the colossal magneto-resistance effect and co-edited the book, Multifunctional Oxide Heterostructures.Dagotto held appointments as a Member of the Solid State Sciences Committee at the National Academy of Sciences and as a Divisional Editor for Physical Review Letters. He is a Fellow of both the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and the American Physical Society (APS), and has also been recognized as an Outstanding Referee by the APS and Europhysics Letters (EPL). Furthermore, he is the recipient of the 2023 David Adler Lectureship Award in the Field of Materials Physics and recipient of the 2023 Alexander Prize of the University of Tennessee.
Education and career
Dagotto studied physics at the Institute Balseiro, Bariloche Atomic Centre, Bariloche, Argentina, where he received the title of Licenciado. Continuing in the Centro Atomico Bariloche, he received his PhD in the field of High Energy Physics, specifically in lattice gauge theories. He then moved as Postdoctoral Researcher to the Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign under the supervision of Eduardo Fradkin and John Kogut. His second postdoctoral appointment was at the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, at the University of California, Santa Barbara, where he collaborated with Douglas James Scalapino, John Robert Schrieffer and Robert Sugar.Dagotto became Assistant, Associate and then Full Professor at the Department of Physics, Florida State University. There, he was associated with the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, working in the theory group. He works in a Correlated Electron Group with Adriana Moreo, and has had a joint appointment between the University of Tennessee (UT), Knoxville, and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) since 2004.
Research
Dagotto's research has primarily focused on strongly correlated electronic materials, and lately in quantum materials, where correlation and topological effects are intertwined. In the presence of strong correlation, the interactions between electrons play a crucial role and the one-electron approximation, used for example in semiconductors, is no longer valid. In this framework, he has worked on theories for many families of materials, such as high critical temperature superconductors and manganese oxides with the colossal magnetoresistance. The overarching theme of his work is that correlated electrons must be considered in the broader context of complexity. As described by Philip W. Anderson in his publication, “More Is Different” having simple fundamental interactions among particles does not imply the ability to reconstruct their collective properties. Dagotto argued that in correlated electronic systems, similar emergence occurs, and these complex systems spontaneously form complicated states and self-organize in patterns impossible to predict by mere inspection of the simple electron-electron interactions involved. Because of its intrinsic difficulty, to study complexity and emergence in quantum materials the use of computational techniques is crucial. He has employed Monte Carlo, density matrix renormalization group, and Lanczos methods. Together with collaborators, he also developed new algorithms to study systems described by spin-fermion models, with a mixture of quantum and classical degrees of freedom, such as in the double exchange context used for materials in the central part of the 3d row of the periodic table.
Scientific work
In 1992, Dagotto, in collaboration with José Riera and Doug Scalapino, opened the field of ladder compounds, materials with atomic substructures containing two chains next to each other and with inter-ladder coupling (along rungs) of magnitude comparable to that in the long direction (along legs). This research was the first to demonstrate that the transition from one chain to a full two-dimensional plane was not a smooth process simply involving the addition of one chain to another. Instead, it was revealed that even and odd number of chains (called legs due to its ladder-like geometry) belong to classes with quite different behavior. The even-leg ladders, with two legs being the most dramatic case, were theoretically predicted by Dagotto to display a spin gap, spin liquid properties, and tendencies toward superconductivity upon hole doping, all properties confirmed experimentally in materials of the family of copper-based high critical superconductors. Even in the more recently discovered iron-based high critical temperature superconductor, the "123" materials such as BaFe2S3 with ladder geometry also display superconductivity under high pressure.Dagotto employed computational techniques to study model Hamiltonians for high critical temperature superconductors based on copper, thus reducing the uncertainty in the analysis of these models when employing other approximations, such as mean field or variational methods. In 1990, he along with research collaborators, and other groups independently, realized that the dominant attractive channel for Cooper pairs of holes in an antiferromagnetic background is the dx2-y2 channel. In 1990, he studied dynamical properties of the Hubbard model and t-J model computationally, addressing photoemission dispersions and quasiparticle weights.In 1998, Dagotto developed the Monte Carlo techniques that allowed for the first computational studies of spin-fermion models for manganites, in collaboration with Seiji Yunoki and Adriana Moreo. Employing these techniques, phase separation involving electronic degrees of freedom, dubbed "electronic phase separation" was discovered. The computational techniques developed by him and research collaborators unveiled the strong competition between a ferromagnetic metallic state and complex charge-orbital-spin ordered insulating states, providing the explanation for the colossal magnetoresistance effect in manganites. More recently, similar Monte Carlo techniques have been employed by him and collaborators to study properties of iron-based superconductors, revealing the role of the lattice to stabilize the electronic nematic regime above the antiferromagnetic critical temperature.In a highly cited 2005 publication, Dagotto argued that the electronic degree of freedom in transition metal oxides and related materials displays characteristics similar to those of soft matter, where complex patterns arise from deceptively simple interactions.In 2006, Dagotto and Ivan Sergienko developed a theory to understand the multiferroic properties of narrow bandwidth perovskites and other oxides. Their spin arrangements break inversion symmetry, and this triggers ferroelectric properties, leading to multiferroics, which are materials with both magnetic and ferroelectric properties. He, along with Ivan Sergienko, Cengiz Sen, Silvia Picozzi and collaborators also proposed magnetostriction as a mechanism for multiferroicity.Dagotto made several other contributions to theoretical condensed matter physics. Together with Pengcheng Dai and Jiangping Hu, in 2012 they were among the first to argue that the iron based high critical temperature superconductors are not located in the weak Hubbard coupling limit. Instead they are in the intermediate Hubbard coupling regime, thus requiring a combination of localized and itinerant degrees of freedom. In particular, iron selenides are an example of materials where electronic correlations and spin frustration cannot be ignored. With Julian Rincon, Jacek Herbrych and collaborators, employing the density matrix renormalization group, they computationally discovered “block” states in low-dimensional multi-orbital Hubbard models. Spin blocks are groups of spin that are aligned ferromagnetically, anti-ferro coupled among them, and they display exotic dynamical spin structure factors with a mixture of spin waves and optical modes.Among the related findings, Herbrych, Dagotto and collaborators revealed the existence of a spin spiral made out of blocks, a state never reported before. When this spiral one-dimensional state is placed over a two-dimensional superconducting plane, Majorana fermions developed at the chain by proximity effect from the plane, and for this reason this chain-plane geometry has potential value in topological quantum computing. He, together with Narayan Mohanta and Satoshi Okamoto, also reported Majoranas in a two-dimensional three-layer geometry with a skyrmion crystal at the bottom, an electron gas in the middle, and a standard superconductor at the top with a carved one-dimensional channel. Within topology in one dimension, he, Nirav Patel, and collaborators proposed a fermionic two-orbital electronic model that becomes the S=1 Haldane chain in strong Hubbard coupling, and has similarities with the AKLT state of spin systems. The proposed fermionic model has a spin gap and spin liquid properties, as the Haldane chain, and it is quite different from the S=1/2 Heisenberg chain. Moreover, he and collaborators predicted superconductivity upon hole doping, similarly as it occurs in ladders due to the existence of preformed spin ½ singlets in the ground state as in a resonant valence bond state.Dagotto also contributed to theoretical aspects of oxide interfaces, where oxides are grown one over the other creating interfaces where reconstructions of the spin, charge, orbital, and lattice can occur. Together with Shuai Dong and collaborators, he showed that a superlattice made of insulating Mn-oxide components becomes globally metallic in the new geometry. He has also worked in skyrmions. In the early stages of his career, he made contributions: to particle physics in the context of lattice gauge theories, to the interface between particle physics and condensed matter, and to frustrated spin systems.
Awards and honors
1998 – Fellow, American Physical Society
2006 – Member, Solid State Sciences Committee of the National Academy of Sciences
2008 – Outstanding Referee, American Physical Society (APS)
2010 – Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
2012 – Outstanding Referee, Europhysics Letters (EPL)
2019, 2021, 2023 – Teacher of the year award, University of Tennessee
2023 – David Adler Lectureship Award in the Field of Materials Physics, American Physical Society with citation "For pioneering work on the theoretical framework of correlated electron systems and describing their importance through elegant written and oral communications."
2023 – Alexander Prize, University of Tennessee
Bibliography
Books
Nanoscale Phase Separation and Colossal Magnetoresistance (2003) ISBN 9783540432456
Multifunctional Oxide Heterostructures (2012) ISBN 9780199584123
Selected articles
Dagotto, E., Riera, J., & Scalapino, D. (1992). Superconductivity in ladders and coupled planes. Physical Review B, 45(10), 5744.
Barnes, T., Dagotto, E., Riera, J., & Swanson, E. S. (1993). Excitation spectrum of Heisenberg spin ladders. Physical Review B, 47(6), 3196.
Dagotto, E. (1994). Correlated electrons in high-temperature superconductors. Reviews of Modern Physics, 66(3), 763.
Dagotto, E., & Rice, T. M. (1996). Surprises on the way from one-to two-dimensional quantum magnets: The ladder materials. Science, 271(5249), 618–623.
Yunoki, S., Hu, J., Malvezzi, A. L., Moreo, A., Furukawa, N., & Dagotto, E. (1998). Phase separation in electronic models for manganites. Physical Review Letters, 80(4), 845.
Moreo, A., Yunoki, S., & Dagotto, E. (1999). Phase separation scenario for manganese oxides and related materials. Science, 283(5410), 2034–2040.
Dagotto, E., Hotta, T., & Moreo, A. (2001). Colossal magnetoresistant materials: the key role of phase separation. Physics Reports, 344(1–3), 1–153.
Dagotto, E. (2005). Complexity in strongly correlated electronic systems. Science, 309(5732), 257–262.
Sergienko, I. A., & Dagotto, E. (2006). Role of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in multiferroic perovskites. Physical Review B, 73(9), 094434.
Dai, P., Hu, J., & Dagotto, E. (2012). Magnetism and its microscopic origin in iron-based high-temperature superconductors. Nature Physics, 8(10), 709–718.
== References ==
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award received
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Risto Darlev (born 4 August 1954) is a Yugoslav former wrestler. He competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics and the 1976 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
Risto Darlev at the International Wrestling Database
Risto Darlev at Olympedia
|
Commons category
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Eloi Meulenberg (22 September 1912 – 26 February 1989) was a Belgian professional road bicycle racer. He is most well-known for his gold medal in the Elite Race of the 1937 Road World Championships and his 9-stage wins in the Tour de France.
Major results
External links
Éloi Meulenberg at Cycling Archives
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Commons category
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Eloi Meulenberg (22 September 1912 – 26 February 1989) was a Belgian professional road bicycle racer. He is most well-known for his gold medal in the Elite Race of the 1937 Road World Championships and his 9-stage wins in the Tour de France.
Major results
External links
Éloi Meulenberg at Cycling Archives
|
given name
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Eloi Meulenberg (22 September 1912 – 26 February 1989) was a Belgian professional road bicycle racer. He is most well-known for his gold medal in the Elite Race of the 1937 Road World Championships and his 9-stage wins in the Tour de France.
Major results
External links
Éloi Meulenberg at Cycling Archives
|
participant in
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}
|
Eloi Meulenberg (22 September 1912 – 26 February 1989) was a Belgian professional road bicycle racer. He is most well-known for his gold medal in the Elite Race of the 1937 Road World Championships and his 9-stage wins in the Tour de France.
Major results
External links
Éloi Meulenberg at Cycling Archives
|
name in native language
|
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AP-4 complex subunit sigma-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AP4S1 gene.
Function
The heterotetrameric adaptor protein (AP) complexes sort integral membrane proteins at various stages of the endocytic and secretory pathways. AP4 is composed of 2 large chains, beta-4 (AP4B1) and epsilon-4 (AP4E1), a medium chain, mu-4 (AP4M1), and a small chain, sigma-4 (AP4S1, this gene).
Clinical relevance
Deficiency of AP-4 leads to childhood-onset hereditary spastic paraplegia and it is currently hypothesized that AP4-complex-mediated trafficking plays a crucial role in brain development and functioning.
See also
AP2 adaptor complex
References
External links
Human AP4S1 genome location and AP4S1 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
== Further reading ==
|
subclass of
|
{
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81
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|
AP-4 complex subunit sigma-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AP4S1 gene.
Function
The heterotetrameric adaptor protein (AP) complexes sort integral membrane proteins at various stages of the endocytic and secretory pathways. AP4 is composed of 2 large chains, beta-4 (AP4B1) and epsilon-4 (AP4E1), a medium chain, mu-4 (AP4M1), and a small chain, sigma-4 (AP4S1, this gene).
Clinical relevance
Deficiency of AP-4 leads to childhood-onset hereditary spastic paraplegia and it is currently hypothesized that AP4-complex-mediated trafficking plays a crucial role in brain development and functioning.
See also
AP2 adaptor complex
References
External links
Human AP4S1 genome location and AP4S1 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
== Further reading ==
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
81
],
"text": [
"gene"
]
}
|
AP-4 complex subunit sigma-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AP4S1 gene.
Function
The heterotetrameric adaptor protein (AP) complexes sort integral membrane proteins at various stages of the endocytic and secretory pathways. AP4 is composed of 2 large chains, beta-4 (AP4B1) and epsilon-4 (AP4E1), a medium chain, mu-4 (AP4M1), and a small chain, sigma-4 (AP4S1, this gene).
Clinical relevance
Deficiency of AP-4 leads to childhood-onset hereditary spastic paraplegia and it is currently hypothesized that AP4-complex-mediated trafficking plays a crucial role in brain development and functioning.
See also
AP2 adaptor complex
References
External links
Human AP4S1 genome location and AP4S1 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
== Further reading ==
|
HGNC gene symbol
|
{
"answer_start": [
75
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"text": [
"AP4S1"
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}
|
Carl Lauritz Mechelborg Oppen (1830–1914) was a Norwegian jurist and politician.
A jurist by education, he worked as a civil servant in various government ministries. In 1875, he became County Governor of Nordre Bergenhus amt, a post he held until 1889 when he became County Governor of Stavanger amt. He held this position until 1910.
== References ==
|
occupation
|
{
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69
],
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}
|
Carl Lauritz Mechelborg Oppen (1830–1914) was a Norwegian jurist and politician.
A jurist by education, he worked as a civil servant in various government ministries. In 1875, he became County Governor of Nordre Bergenhus amt, a post he held until 1889 when he became County Governor of Stavanger amt. He held this position until 1910.
== References ==
|
family name
|
{
"answer_start": [
24
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"text": [
"Oppen"
]
}
|
Carl Lauritz Mechelborg Oppen (1830–1914) was a Norwegian jurist and politician.
A jurist by education, he worked as a civil servant in various government ministries. In 1875, he became County Governor of Nordre Bergenhus amt, a post he held until 1889 when he became County Governor of Stavanger amt. He held this position until 1910.
== References ==
|
given name
|
{
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0
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"Carl"
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|
Joculator brevis is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Cerithiopsidae. This species was described by Cecalupo and Perugia in 2012.
References
Cecalupo A. & Perugia I. (2012) Family Cerithiopsidae H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 in the central Philippines (Caenogastropoda: Triphoroidea). Quaderni della Civica Stazione Idrobiologica di Milano 30: 1-262. [Stated date: "December 2011"; published January 2012]
External links
MNHN, Paris: holotype
|
taxon rank
|
{
"answer_start": [
22
],
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"species"
]
}
|
Joculator brevis is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Cerithiopsidae. This species was described by Cecalupo and Perugia in 2012.
References
Cecalupo A. & Perugia I. (2012) Family Cerithiopsidae H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 in the central Philippines (Caenogastropoda: Triphoroidea). Quaderni della Civica Stazione Idrobiologica di Milano 30: 1-262. [Stated date: "December 2011"; published January 2012]
External links
MNHN, Paris: holotype
|
parent taxon
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Joculator"
]
}
|
Joculator brevis is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Cerithiopsidae. This species was described by Cecalupo and Perugia in 2012.
References
Cecalupo A. & Perugia I. (2012) Family Cerithiopsidae H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 in the central Philippines (Caenogastropoda: Triphoroidea). Quaderni della Civica Stazione Idrobiologica di Milano 30: 1-262. [Stated date: "December 2011"; published January 2012]
External links
MNHN, Paris: holotype
|
taxon name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
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|
Edem Awumey (born 1975 in Lomé, Togo) is a Togolese-Canadian writer. Born in Togo and educated in France, he has lived in Gatineau, Quebec since 2005.His debut novel Port-Mélo won the Grand prix littéraire d'Afrique noire in 2006, and his second novel Les Pied sales was a shortlisted nominee for the Prix Goncourt in 2009. Dirty Feet, an English translation of Les Pieds sales by Lazer Lederhendler, was also a shortlisted nominee for the 2011 Governor General's Award for French to English translation and the 2012 ReLit Award for fiction.
His third novel, Rose déluge, was published in 2011, and his fourth, Explication de la nuit, was published in 2013. He is also the author of Tierno Monénembo: le roman de l'exil, a critical study of the work of Tierno Monénembo.
At the 2018 Governor General's Awards, Phyllis Aronoff and Howard Scott won the Governor General's Award for French to English translation for Descent Into Night, the English translation of Explication de la nuit.His most recent novel, Mina parmi les ombres, was published in fall 2018. It was shortlisted for the Governor General's Award for French-language fiction at the 2019 Governor General's Awards.
== References ==
|
place of birth
|
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|
Edem Awumey (born 1975 in Lomé, Togo) is a Togolese-Canadian writer. Born in Togo and educated in France, he has lived in Gatineau, Quebec since 2005.His debut novel Port-Mélo won the Grand prix littéraire d'Afrique noire in 2006, and his second novel Les Pied sales was a shortlisted nominee for the Prix Goncourt in 2009. Dirty Feet, an English translation of Les Pieds sales by Lazer Lederhendler, was also a shortlisted nominee for the 2011 Governor General's Award for French to English translation and the 2012 ReLit Award for fiction.
His third novel, Rose déluge, was published in 2011, and his fourth, Explication de la nuit, was published in 2013. He is also the author of Tierno Monénembo: le roman de l'exil, a critical study of the work of Tierno Monénembo.
At the 2018 Governor General's Awards, Phyllis Aronoff and Howard Scott won the Governor General's Award for French to English translation for Descent Into Night, the English translation of Explication de la nuit.His most recent novel, Mina parmi les ombres, was published in fall 2018. It was shortlisted for the Governor General's Award for French-language fiction at the 2019 Governor General's Awards.
== References ==
|
country of citizenship
|
{
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32
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"text": [
"Togo"
]
}
|
Edem Awumey (born 1975 in Lomé, Togo) is a Togolese-Canadian writer. Born in Togo and educated in France, he has lived in Gatineau, Quebec since 2005.His debut novel Port-Mélo won the Grand prix littéraire d'Afrique noire in 2006, and his second novel Les Pied sales was a shortlisted nominee for the Prix Goncourt in 2009. Dirty Feet, an English translation of Les Pieds sales by Lazer Lederhendler, was also a shortlisted nominee for the 2011 Governor General's Award for French to English translation and the 2012 ReLit Award for fiction.
His third novel, Rose déluge, was published in 2011, and his fourth, Explication de la nuit, was published in 2013. He is also the author of Tierno Monénembo: le roman de l'exil, a critical study of the work of Tierno Monénembo.
At the 2018 Governor General's Awards, Phyllis Aronoff and Howard Scott won the Governor General's Award for French to English translation for Descent Into Night, the English translation of Explication de la nuit.His most recent novel, Mina parmi les ombres, was published in fall 2018. It was shortlisted for the Governor General's Award for French-language fiction at the 2019 Governor General's Awards.
== References ==
|
occupation
|
{
"answer_start": [
61
],
"text": [
"writer"
]
}
|
Edem Awumey (born 1975 in Lomé, Togo) is a Togolese-Canadian writer. Born in Togo and educated in France, he has lived in Gatineau, Quebec since 2005.His debut novel Port-Mélo won the Grand prix littéraire d'Afrique noire in 2006, and his second novel Les Pied sales was a shortlisted nominee for the Prix Goncourt in 2009. Dirty Feet, an English translation of Les Pieds sales by Lazer Lederhendler, was also a shortlisted nominee for the 2011 Governor General's Award for French to English translation and the 2012 ReLit Award for fiction.
His third novel, Rose déluge, was published in 2011, and his fourth, Explication de la nuit, was published in 2013. He is also the author of Tierno Monénembo: le roman de l'exil, a critical study of the work of Tierno Monénembo.
At the 2018 Governor General's Awards, Phyllis Aronoff and Howard Scott won the Governor General's Award for French to English translation for Descent Into Night, the English translation of Explication de la nuit.His most recent novel, Mina parmi les ombres, was published in fall 2018. It was shortlisted for the Governor General's Award for French-language fiction at the 2019 Governor General's Awards.
== References ==
|
genre
|
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"novel"
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}
|
Edem Awumey (born 1975 in Lomé, Togo) is a Togolese-Canadian writer. Born in Togo and educated in France, he has lived in Gatineau, Quebec since 2005.His debut novel Port-Mélo won the Grand prix littéraire d'Afrique noire in 2006, and his second novel Les Pied sales was a shortlisted nominee for the Prix Goncourt in 2009. Dirty Feet, an English translation of Les Pieds sales by Lazer Lederhendler, was also a shortlisted nominee for the 2011 Governor General's Award for French to English translation and the 2012 ReLit Award for fiction.
His third novel, Rose déluge, was published in 2011, and his fourth, Explication de la nuit, was published in 2013. He is also the author of Tierno Monénembo: le roman de l'exil, a critical study of the work of Tierno Monénembo.
At the 2018 Governor General's Awards, Phyllis Aronoff and Howard Scott won the Governor General's Award for French to English translation for Descent Into Night, the English translation of Explication de la nuit.His most recent novel, Mina parmi les ombres, was published in fall 2018. It was shortlisted for the Governor General's Award for French-language fiction at the 2019 Governor General's Awards.
== References ==
|
award received
|
{
"answer_start": [
184
],
"text": [
"Grand prix littéraire d'Afrique noire"
]
}
|
Edem Awumey (born 1975 in Lomé, Togo) is a Togolese-Canadian writer. Born in Togo and educated in France, he has lived in Gatineau, Quebec since 2005.His debut novel Port-Mélo won the Grand prix littéraire d'Afrique noire in 2006, and his second novel Les Pied sales was a shortlisted nominee for the Prix Goncourt in 2009. Dirty Feet, an English translation of Les Pieds sales by Lazer Lederhendler, was also a shortlisted nominee for the 2011 Governor General's Award for French to English translation and the 2012 ReLit Award for fiction.
His third novel, Rose déluge, was published in 2011, and his fourth, Explication de la nuit, was published in 2013. He is also the author of Tierno Monénembo: le roman de l'exil, a critical study of the work of Tierno Monénembo.
At the 2018 Governor General's Awards, Phyllis Aronoff and Howard Scott won the Governor General's Award for French to English translation for Descent Into Night, the English translation of Explication de la nuit.His most recent novel, Mina parmi les ombres, was published in fall 2018. It was shortlisted for the Governor General's Award for French-language fiction at the 2019 Governor General's Awards.
== References ==
|
residence
|
{
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132
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"text": [
"Quebec"
]
}
|
Edem Awumey (born 1975 in Lomé, Togo) is a Togolese-Canadian writer. Born in Togo and educated in France, he has lived in Gatineau, Quebec since 2005.His debut novel Port-Mélo won the Grand prix littéraire d'Afrique noire in 2006, and his second novel Les Pied sales was a shortlisted nominee for the Prix Goncourt in 2009. Dirty Feet, an English translation of Les Pieds sales by Lazer Lederhendler, was also a shortlisted nominee for the 2011 Governor General's Award for French to English translation and the 2012 ReLit Award for fiction.
His third novel, Rose déluge, was published in 2011, and his fourth, Explication de la nuit, was published in 2013. He is also the author of Tierno Monénembo: le roman de l'exil, a critical study of the work of Tierno Monénembo.
At the 2018 Governor General's Awards, Phyllis Aronoff and Howard Scott won the Governor General's Award for French to English translation for Descent Into Night, the English translation of Explication de la nuit.His most recent novel, Mina parmi les ombres, was published in fall 2018. It was shortlisted for the Governor General's Award for French-language fiction at the 2019 Governor General's Awards.
== References ==
|
given name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Edem"
]
}
|
Edem Awumey (born 1975 in Lomé, Togo) is a Togolese-Canadian writer. Born in Togo and educated in France, he has lived in Gatineau, Quebec since 2005.His debut novel Port-Mélo won the Grand prix littéraire d'Afrique noire in 2006, and his second novel Les Pied sales was a shortlisted nominee for the Prix Goncourt in 2009. Dirty Feet, an English translation of Les Pieds sales by Lazer Lederhendler, was also a shortlisted nominee for the 2011 Governor General's Award for French to English translation and the 2012 ReLit Award for fiction.
His third novel, Rose déluge, was published in 2011, and his fourth, Explication de la nuit, was published in 2013. He is also the author of Tierno Monénembo: le roman de l'exil, a critical study of the work of Tierno Monénembo.
At the 2018 Governor General's Awards, Phyllis Aronoff and Howard Scott won the Governor General's Award for French to English translation for Descent Into Night, the English translation of Explication de la nuit.His most recent novel, Mina parmi les ombres, was published in fall 2018. It was shortlisted for the Governor General's Award for French-language fiction at the 2019 Governor General's Awards.
== References ==
|
languages spoken, written or signed
|
{
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474
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"French"
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}
|
Edem Awumey (born 1975 in Lomé, Togo) is a Togolese-Canadian writer. Born in Togo and educated in France, he has lived in Gatineau, Quebec since 2005.His debut novel Port-Mélo won the Grand prix littéraire d'Afrique noire in 2006, and his second novel Les Pied sales was a shortlisted nominee for the Prix Goncourt in 2009. Dirty Feet, an English translation of Les Pieds sales by Lazer Lederhendler, was also a shortlisted nominee for the 2011 Governor General's Award for French to English translation and the 2012 ReLit Award for fiction.
His third novel, Rose déluge, was published in 2011, and his fourth, Explication de la nuit, was published in 2013. He is also the author of Tierno Monénembo: le roman de l'exil, a critical study of the work of Tierno Monénembo.
At the 2018 Governor General's Awards, Phyllis Aronoff and Howard Scott won the Governor General's Award for French to English translation for Descent Into Night, the English translation of Explication de la nuit.His most recent novel, Mina parmi les ombres, was published in fall 2018. It was shortlisted for the Governor General's Award for French-language fiction at the 2019 Governor General's Awards.
== References ==
|
writing language
|
{
"answer_start": [
474
],
"text": [
"French"
]
}
|
Clear-Com, also known as ClearCom, is a manufacturer of electronic intercom products, widely used to enable stage management and crew communications in theatre, filmmaking, video and television production, concerts, professional sports competitions, special events and audiovisual presentations. Providing the first portable party-line intercom system to feature simple XLR cable connections, Clear-Com soon became an accepted industry standard. The National Academy of Television Arts & Sciences honored the company with a Technology and Engineering Emmy Award in 2010.Clear-Com was founded in San Francisco, California, on April 18, 1968, by audio engineer Charlie Butten and his business partner Bob Cohen, a sound company owner who had recently been part of Family Dog Productions organizing dance concerts at the Avalon Ballroom. The first Clear-Com product was the RS-100 intercom station, a portable unit connected using standard XLR-terminated microphone cables. The connection scheme was based on twisted-pair telephone lines, with full duplex conversations carried on the inner two wires of the microphone cable. Butten added a momentary flashing signal light linked to the third conductor, the cable shield. The arrangement of beltpacks and headsets powered by a 30-volt DC base station allowed technical crew members to hear each other clearly over the loud sound systems of bands such as the Grateful Dead and Jefferson Airplane.The product line of Clear-Com has expanded beyond party-line wired units to include multi-channel intercoms and wireless technology. Clear-Com patented a multi-channel wired digital intercom system in 2009, used in the HelixNet product line. The company's FreeSpeak wireless intercom was nominated in 2020 for a TEC Award.Clear-Com was purchased in 2010 by Southern California electronics manufacturer HME, known for supplying wireless headsets for drive-through fast-food restaurant operations. Company headquarters were moved from Poway to Carlsbad, California, in 2018.
References
External links
Official website
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
509
],
"text": [
"company"
]
}
|
Zummar (Arabic: زمار), also spelled Zemar or Zumar, is both the name of an Iraqi subdistrict located in north Nineveh Governorate and of its seat, the town of Zummar. The population is a mix of Arabs and Kurds, most of whom work in agriculture. Wheat is the prime crop there.
In August 2014, Zummar subdistrict fell to ISIL's hands. In October 2014, Zummar was recaptured by the Peshmerga.
Zummar town
Zummar town is the seat of Zummar subdistrict. It is located 60 km north west of Mosul city at the west bank of the river Tigris. Its population is 50,000 inhabitants.
Oil fields
The Zummar subdistrict is rich with oil. It contains two oil fields, both run by North Oil Company, yield a sort of heavy crude oil.
Ain zala oilfield was explored by a British company in 1939. It is 16 km long and 4 km wide. Production was delayed after World War II until 1951 when the Mosul oil company branch of Iraq Petroleum Company started production with 20,000 barrels per day, but the production degraded later to 5,000 barrels, as it is currently.
Batma oil field was discovered by Mosul oil company, a branch of Iraq Petroleum Company 1953. The oilfield is 12 km long and 6 km wide. The production commenced in that year with 50,000 barrels per day. The production has been stopped since 1990 due to the United Nations' financial and trade embargo ('sanctions') against Iraq after its invading Kuwait. Resumption of production has been postponed further after the Iraq War. Batma is considered a small field compared with other Iraqi fields, where its potential production is not more than 5,000 barrels per day.
== References ==
|
country
|
{
"answer_start": [
75
],
"text": [
"Iraq"
]
}
|
Zummar (Arabic: زمار), also spelled Zemar or Zumar, is both the name of an Iraqi subdistrict located in north Nineveh Governorate and of its seat, the town of Zummar. The population is a mix of Arabs and Kurds, most of whom work in agriculture. Wheat is the prime crop there.
In August 2014, Zummar subdistrict fell to ISIL's hands. In October 2014, Zummar was recaptured by the Peshmerga.
Zummar town
Zummar town is the seat of Zummar subdistrict. It is located 60 km north west of Mosul city at the west bank of the river Tigris. Its population is 50,000 inhabitants.
Oil fields
The Zummar subdistrict is rich with oil. It contains two oil fields, both run by North Oil Company, yield a sort of heavy crude oil.
Ain zala oilfield was explored by a British company in 1939. It is 16 km long and 4 km wide. Production was delayed after World War II until 1951 when the Mosul oil company branch of Iraq Petroleum Company started production with 20,000 barrels per day, but the production degraded later to 5,000 barrels, as it is currently.
Batma oil field was discovered by Mosul oil company, a branch of Iraq Petroleum Company 1953. The oilfield is 12 km long and 6 km wide. The production commenced in that year with 50,000 barrels per day. The production has been stopped since 1990 due to the United Nations' financial and trade embargo ('sanctions') against Iraq after its invading Kuwait. Resumption of production has been postponed further after the Iraq War. Batma is considered a small field compared with other Iraqi fields, where its potential production is not more than 5,000 barrels per day.
== References ==
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
491
],
"text": [
"city"
]
}
|
Bristol Academy is an international pre-school, primary school and secondary school in Karu, Abuja, Nigeria established in September 2002.
It has approximately 338 students and 70 staff.
References
External links
Official website
|
country
|
{
"answer_start": [
100
],
"text": [
"Nigeria"
]
}
|
Holiday Film Festival was a Thanksgiving Day science fiction film series, aired annually from 1976 to 1985 on WOR-TV (channel 9) in New York City (now WWOR-TV in Secaucus, New Jersey). For most of these broadcasts, the sponsors were local electronics chain Crazy Eddie and toy store Play World. At least for the 1979 line-up, in addition to the many ads Play World ran for the store, they sponsored a "TV crossword game" during commercial breaks, in which viewers could win a shopping spree or gift certificates.
History
These WOR-TV Thanksgiving programs started on Thanksgiving Day 1976. On this occasion, Channel 9 broadcast Mighty Joe Young (at 1 p.m.), King Kong vs. Godzilla (at 3 p.m.), and Son of Kong (at 5 p.m.). In the years that followed, WOR broadcast Mighty Joe Young (at 1:00), King Kong (at 3:00), and Son of Kong (at 5:00) in 1977, Mighty Joe Young (at 12:30), King Kong (at 2:30), and Son of Kong (at 4:30) from 1978 to 1980, Mighty Joe Young (at 1:00), King Kong (at 2:45), and Son of Kong (at 4:45) in 1981, King Kong (at 1:00), Son of Kong (at 3:00), and Mighty Joe Young (at 4:15) from 1982 to 1984, and King Kong (at 1:00) and Mighty Joe Young (at 3:00) in 1985.
The ratings of the 1976 Thanksgiving marathon were good enough for WOR-TV to include the day after Thanksgiving (Friday) into the monster movie line up.
Over the next few years the same movies were aired on Thanksgiving Day, but the movies broadcast the day after changed. Several times the movies Godzilla vs The Cosmic Monster, Son of Godzilla, Godzilla vs. the Sea Monster and Godzilla vs. Megalon were aired on that day.
Shortly after the 1985 program, WOR-TV lost the broadcast rights to the RKO library and Mighty Joe Young, King Kong, and Son of Kong could no longer be broadcast. This was due to parent company RKO General agreeing to sell Channel 9 to MCA Inc. in 1986 (the sale was finalized in 1987).
Later years
These films later appeared on cable television's American Movie Classics while the broadcast rights to the Godzilla films were lost by WOR-TV, but began appearing on other local stations. These movies turned up in the local New York City area until 1989 and became staples on cable television's Sci-Fi Channel during the 1990s, but have seldom been broadcast on either local or cable television since 2000.
Typical schedule
Thanksgiving Day November 24, 1977
Mighty Joe Young (1 p.m.)
King Kong (3 p.m.)
Son of Kong (5 p.m.)The Day After Thanksgiving November 25, 1977
King Kong Escapes (1 p.m.)
King Kong vs. Godzilla (3 p.m.)
Godzilla vs The Smog Monster (5 p.m.)
References
External links
Holiday Film Fest at DVD Drive-In.com
NY Holiday Monster Movies
Commercial for WOR Holiday Movie Festival (1979)
Son of Kong during the 1979 line-up
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
61
],
"text": [
"film series"
]
}
|
Holiday Film Festival was a Thanksgiving Day science fiction film series, aired annually from 1976 to 1985 on WOR-TV (channel 9) in New York City (now WWOR-TV in Secaucus, New Jersey). For most of these broadcasts, the sponsors were local electronics chain Crazy Eddie and toy store Play World. At least for the 1979 line-up, in addition to the many ads Play World ran for the store, they sponsored a "TV crossword game" during commercial breaks, in which viewers could win a shopping spree or gift certificates.
History
These WOR-TV Thanksgiving programs started on Thanksgiving Day 1976. On this occasion, Channel 9 broadcast Mighty Joe Young (at 1 p.m.), King Kong vs. Godzilla (at 3 p.m.), and Son of Kong (at 5 p.m.). In the years that followed, WOR broadcast Mighty Joe Young (at 1:00), King Kong (at 3:00), and Son of Kong (at 5:00) in 1977, Mighty Joe Young (at 12:30), King Kong (at 2:30), and Son of Kong (at 4:30) from 1978 to 1980, Mighty Joe Young (at 1:00), King Kong (at 2:45), and Son of Kong (at 4:45) in 1981, King Kong (at 1:00), Son of Kong (at 3:00), and Mighty Joe Young (at 4:15) from 1982 to 1984, and King Kong (at 1:00) and Mighty Joe Young (at 3:00) in 1985.
The ratings of the 1976 Thanksgiving marathon were good enough for WOR-TV to include the day after Thanksgiving (Friday) into the monster movie line up.
Over the next few years the same movies were aired on Thanksgiving Day, but the movies broadcast the day after changed. Several times the movies Godzilla vs The Cosmic Monster, Son of Godzilla, Godzilla vs. the Sea Monster and Godzilla vs. Megalon were aired on that day.
Shortly after the 1985 program, WOR-TV lost the broadcast rights to the RKO library and Mighty Joe Young, King Kong, and Son of Kong could no longer be broadcast. This was due to parent company RKO General agreeing to sell Channel 9 to MCA Inc. in 1986 (the sale was finalized in 1987).
Later years
These films later appeared on cable television's American Movie Classics while the broadcast rights to the Godzilla films were lost by WOR-TV, but began appearing on other local stations. These movies turned up in the local New York City area until 1989 and became staples on cable television's Sci-Fi Channel during the 1990s, but have seldom been broadcast on either local or cable television since 2000.
Typical schedule
Thanksgiving Day November 24, 1977
Mighty Joe Young (1 p.m.)
King Kong (3 p.m.)
Son of Kong (5 p.m.)The Day After Thanksgiving November 25, 1977
King Kong Escapes (1 p.m.)
King Kong vs. Godzilla (3 p.m.)
Godzilla vs The Smog Monster (5 p.m.)
References
External links
Holiday Film Fest at DVD Drive-In.com
NY Holiday Monster Movies
Commercial for WOR Holiday Movie Festival (1979)
Son of Kong during the 1979 line-up
|
genre
|
{
"answer_start": [
45
],
"text": [
"science fiction"
]
}
|
Irish Field served as the home to the Tempe Normal football team from 1927 to 1935 before being replaced by Goodwin Stadium in 1936.
History
Tempe Normal gained accreditation as a 4-year institute in 1925. It was quickly decided the football team would need a new larger home. In 1927 ground was broken on the new stadium. The stadium was named for Fred Irish who was the head coach of the team for its first 8 seasons. Irish Field was located where the current Memorial Union sits on campus. Stadium lighting was added to Irish Field in 1930, allowing the team to play night games.
== References ==
|
located in the administrative territorial entity
|
{
"answer_start": [
38
],
"text": [
"Tempe"
]
}
|
Abdeen Mosque (Arabic: مسجد عابدين) is the main mosque in the Wadi al-Joz neighborhood in East Jerusalem, about 500 meters (1,600 ft) away from Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Old City walls. It was built by brothers Abdel Muhsin and Omar Abdeen in 1939.
== References ==
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
48
],
"text": [
"mosque"
]
}
|
Matão is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. As of 2020, the town had an estimated population of 83,626 and a population density of 146.3 persons per km². The total area the city is 524.899 square kilometres (202.665 sq mi). Matão sits at an elevation of 585 metres (1,919 ft). The municipality consists of two districts: Matão and São Lourenço do Turvo.
History
Matão was first populated by coffee growers at the beginning of the 1890s. The settlers constructed a small chapel in 1894, and in 1895 called their settlement Senhor do Bom Jesus das Palmeiras. The settlement was renamed Matão in 1897 and became a district of Araraquara. It became an independent municipality on August 27, 1898. The region attracted more small-scale farmers in the 1890s, and development was furthered by the construction of a railroad line, the Estrada de Ferro Araraquara, which was built to connect Rio Claro, in São Paulo State, to Cuiabá, the capital city of Mato Grosso. The rail line reached Matão by 1899. The municipality comprised three districts, Matão, Dobrada and São Lourenço do Turvo, until 1964 when Dobrada became a separate municipality.
Events
Corpus Christi (Solemnity of the Body and Blood of Christ) Feast
Matão is one of the Brazilian cities renowned for its Corpus Christi festivities, which have been celebrated since 1948. On this day streets of the city are decorated with temporary "rugs" made of crushed colored glass, coffee powder, and other materials in preparation for a religious procession. These rugs feature religious and municipal scenes and colorful floral and geometric designs.
References
External links
Official website (in Portuguese)
|
country
|
{
"answer_start": [
53
],
"text": [
"Brazil"
]
}
|
Matão is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. As of 2020, the town had an estimated population of 83,626 and a population density of 146.3 persons per km². The total area the city is 524.899 square kilometres (202.665 sq mi). Matão sits at an elevation of 585 metres (1,919 ft). The municipality consists of two districts: Matão and São Lourenço do Turvo.
History
Matão was first populated by coffee growers at the beginning of the 1890s. The settlers constructed a small chapel in 1894, and in 1895 called their settlement Senhor do Bom Jesus das Palmeiras. The settlement was renamed Matão in 1897 and became a district of Araraquara. It became an independent municipality on August 27, 1898. The region attracted more small-scale farmers in the 1890s, and development was furthered by the construction of a railroad line, the Estrada de Ferro Araraquara, which was built to connect Rio Claro, in São Paulo State, to Cuiabá, the capital city of Mato Grosso. The rail line reached Matão by 1899. The municipality comprised three districts, Matão, Dobrada and São Lourenço do Turvo, until 1964 when Dobrada became a separate municipality.
Events
Corpus Christi (Solemnity of the Body and Blood of Christ) Feast
Matão is one of the Brazilian cities renowned for its Corpus Christi festivities, which have been celebrated since 1948. On this day streets of the city are decorated with temporary "rugs" made of crushed colored glass, coffee powder, and other materials in preparation for a religious procession. These rugs feature religious and municipal scenes and colorful floral and geometric designs.
References
External links
Official website (in Portuguese)
|
shares border with
|
{
"answer_start": [
642
],
"text": [
"Araraquara"
]
}
|
Matão is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. As of 2020, the town had an estimated population of 83,626 and a population density of 146.3 persons per km². The total area the city is 524.899 square kilometres (202.665 sq mi). Matão sits at an elevation of 585 metres (1,919 ft). The municipality consists of two districts: Matão and São Lourenço do Turvo.
History
Matão was first populated by coffee growers at the beginning of the 1890s. The settlers constructed a small chapel in 1894, and in 1895 called their settlement Senhor do Bom Jesus das Palmeiras. The settlement was renamed Matão in 1897 and became a district of Araraquara. It became an independent municipality on August 27, 1898. The region attracted more small-scale farmers in the 1890s, and development was furthered by the construction of a railroad line, the Estrada de Ferro Araraquara, which was built to connect Rio Claro, in São Paulo State, to Cuiabá, the capital city of Mato Grosso. The rail line reached Matão by 1899. The municipality comprised three districts, Matão, Dobrada and São Lourenço do Turvo, until 1964 when Dobrada became a separate municipality.
Events
Corpus Christi (Solemnity of the Body and Blood of Christ) Feast
Matão is one of the Brazilian cities renowned for its Corpus Christi festivities, which have been celebrated since 1948. On this day streets of the city are decorated with temporary "rugs" made of crushed colored glass, coffee powder, and other materials in preparation for a religious procession. These rugs feature religious and municipal scenes and colorful floral and geometric designs.
References
External links
Official website (in Portuguese)
|
located in the administrative territorial entity
|
{
"answer_start": [
40
],
"text": [
"São Paulo"
]
}
|
Matão is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. As of 2020, the town had an estimated population of 83,626 and a population density of 146.3 persons per km². The total area the city is 524.899 square kilometres (202.665 sq mi). Matão sits at an elevation of 585 metres (1,919 ft). The municipality consists of two districts: Matão and São Lourenço do Turvo.
History
Matão was first populated by coffee growers at the beginning of the 1890s. The settlers constructed a small chapel in 1894, and in 1895 called their settlement Senhor do Bom Jesus das Palmeiras. The settlement was renamed Matão in 1897 and became a district of Araraquara. It became an independent municipality on August 27, 1898. The region attracted more small-scale farmers in the 1890s, and development was furthered by the construction of a railroad line, the Estrada de Ferro Araraquara, which was built to connect Rio Claro, in São Paulo State, to Cuiabá, the capital city of Mato Grosso. The rail line reached Matão by 1899. The municipality comprised three districts, Matão, Dobrada and São Lourenço do Turvo, until 1964 when Dobrada became a separate municipality.
Events
Corpus Christi (Solemnity of the Body and Blood of Christ) Feast
Matão is one of the Brazilian cities renowned for its Corpus Christi festivities, which have been celebrated since 1948. On this day streets of the city are decorated with temporary "rugs" made of crushed colored glass, coffee powder, and other materials in preparation for a religious procession. These rugs feature religious and municipal scenes and colorful floral and geometric designs.
References
External links
Official website (in Portuguese)
|
Commons category
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Matão"
]
}
|
Matão is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. As of 2020, the town had an estimated population of 83,626 and a population density of 146.3 persons per km². The total area the city is 524.899 square kilometres (202.665 sq mi). Matão sits at an elevation of 585 metres (1,919 ft). The municipality consists of two districts: Matão and São Lourenço do Turvo.
History
Matão was first populated by coffee growers at the beginning of the 1890s. The settlers constructed a small chapel in 1894, and in 1895 called their settlement Senhor do Bom Jesus das Palmeiras. The settlement was renamed Matão in 1897 and became a district of Araraquara. It became an independent municipality on August 27, 1898. The region attracted more small-scale farmers in the 1890s, and development was furthered by the construction of a railroad line, the Estrada de Ferro Araraquara, which was built to connect Rio Claro, in São Paulo State, to Cuiabá, the capital city of Mato Grosso. The rail line reached Matão by 1899. The municipality comprised three districts, Matão, Dobrada and São Lourenço do Turvo, until 1964 when Dobrada became a separate municipality.
Events
Corpus Christi (Solemnity of the Body and Blood of Christ) Feast
Matão is one of the Brazilian cities renowned for its Corpus Christi festivities, which have been celebrated since 1948. On this day streets of the city are decorated with temporary "rugs" made of crushed colored glass, coffee powder, and other materials in preparation for a religious procession. These rugs feature religious and municipal scenes and colorful floral and geometric designs.
References
External links
Official website (in Portuguese)
|
elevation above sea level
|
{
"answer_start": [
271
],
"text": [
"585"
]
}
|
Matão is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. As of 2020, the town had an estimated population of 83,626 and a population density of 146.3 persons per km². The total area the city is 524.899 square kilometres (202.665 sq mi). Matão sits at an elevation of 585 metres (1,919 ft). The municipality consists of two districts: Matão and São Lourenço do Turvo.
History
Matão was first populated by coffee growers at the beginning of the 1890s. The settlers constructed a small chapel in 1894, and in 1895 called their settlement Senhor do Bom Jesus das Palmeiras. The settlement was renamed Matão in 1897 and became a district of Araraquara. It became an independent municipality on August 27, 1898. The region attracted more small-scale farmers in the 1890s, and development was furthered by the construction of a railroad line, the Estrada de Ferro Araraquara, which was built to connect Rio Claro, in São Paulo State, to Cuiabá, the capital city of Mato Grosso. The rail line reached Matão by 1899. The municipality comprised three districts, Matão, Dobrada and São Lourenço do Turvo, until 1964 when Dobrada became a separate municipality.
Events
Corpus Christi (Solemnity of the Body and Blood of Christ) Feast
Matão is one of the Brazilian cities renowned for its Corpus Christi festivities, which have been celebrated since 1948. On this day streets of the city are decorated with temporary "rugs" made of crushed colored glass, coffee powder, and other materials in preparation for a religious procession. These rugs feature religious and municipal scenes and colorful floral and geometric designs.
References
External links
Official website (in Portuguese)
|
area
|
{
"answer_start": [
198
],
"text": [
"524.899"
]
}
|
Matão is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. As of 2020, the town had an estimated population of 83,626 and a population density of 146.3 persons per km². The total area the city is 524.899 square kilometres (202.665 sq mi). Matão sits at an elevation of 585 metres (1,919 ft). The municipality consists of two districts: Matão and São Lourenço do Turvo.
History
Matão was first populated by coffee growers at the beginning of the 1890s. The settlers constructed a small chapel in 1894, and in 1895 called their settlement Senhor do Bom Jesus das Palmeiras. The settlement was renamed Matão in 1897 and became a district of Araraquara. It became an independent municipality on August 27, 1898. The region attracted more small-scale farmers in the 1890s, and development was furthered by the construction of a railroad line, the Estrada de Ferro Araraquara, which was built to connect Rio Claro, in São Paulo State, to Cuiabá, the capital city of Mato Grosso. The rail line reached Matão by 1899. The municipality comprised three districts, Matão, Dobrada and São Lourenço do Turvo, until 1964 when Dobrada became a separate municipality.
Events
Corpus Christi (Solemnity of the Body and Blood of Christ) Feast
Matão is one of the Brazilian cities renowned for its Corpus Christi festivities, which have been celebrated since 1948. On this day streets of the city are decorated with temporary "rugs" made of crushed colored glass, coffee powder, and other materials in preparation for a religious procession. These rugs feature religious and municipal scenes and colorful floral and geometric designs.
References
External links
Official website (in Portuguese)
|
Quora topic ID
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Matão"
]
}
|
New Ferry is an urban area on the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral, Merseyside, England. It is located on the Wirral Peninsula, with the River Mersey to the east and the town of Bebington to the west. Within the boundaries of the historic county of Cheshire, the area was developed from the early nineteenth century.
The 2001 census measured the population at 5,300.
History
As with the neighbouring settlement of Rock Ferry to the north-west, a ferry service gave its name to the locality: the first recorded mention of New Ferry was in 1774. On 4 April 1865, a "South End" service was established between New Ferry and South Ferry Basin in the southern dock system of Liverpool, although this appears to have been relatively short-lived. From 1879, services to Liverpool Pier Head were usually augmented with Rock Ferry. The ferry service was forced to close after a ship collided with New Ferry Pier in thick fog, in the early hours of 30 January 1922. Declining passenger numbers, improved local land-based public transport and a close proximity to the Rock Ferry service meant that it never reopened. The lease on the ferry rights officially expired on 22 September 1927, although no service had operated at New Ferry for over five years as a result of the collision.New Ferry was part of the Lower Bebington township, which became the Bebington-cum-Bromborough civil parish in 1922. Between 1894 and 1974 these parishes were administered as part of Bebington urban district. On 1 April 1974, local government reorganisation in England and Wales resulted in most of Wirral, including New Ferry, being transferred from the county of Cheshire to Merseyside.
On 25 March 2017, a massive gas explosion destroyed and damaged a lot of buildings, causing many injuries. It was caused by a shop owner attempting to destroy his business so he could collect insurance money.
Geography
New Ferry is on the eastern side of the Wirral Peninsula, on the western bank of the River Mersey. The area is approximately 9 km (5.6 mi) south-south-east of the Irish Sea at New Brighton and about 10 km (6.2 mi) east-north-east of the Dee Estuary at Heswall. The area lies at an elevation of between 0–27 m (0–89 ft) above sea level.
Transport
New Ferry is on the A41, the main road between Birkenhead and London before the introduction of motorways, and immediately adjacent to the village of Port Sunlight. At the centre of the town is the Toll Bar area, a name originating from when New Chester Road used to be a toll road. The re-routing of the A41 road onto the New Ferry By-pass, the first part from Bolton Road to Thorburn Road built in 1960, and extended from Thorburn Road to the Tranmere roundabout in 1976, has resulted in a decline in through-traffic in the town centre.
The nearest railway stations to New Ferry are Bebington and Port Sunlight, where trains operate to Chester, Ellesmere Port and Liverpool Central on the Wirral Line of the Merseyrail network.
New Ferry is served by several bus services: Arriva, Stagecoach and Merseylink all operate through the town en route to destinations such as Chester and Liverpool.
Governance
New Ferry is within the parliamentary constituency of Wirral South.
At local government level, the town is incorporated into the Bromborough Ward of the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral, in the metropolitan county of Merseyside. It is represented on Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council by three councillors.
Community
The community-led New Ferry Residents Association (NeFRA) has been actively seeking funding for a variety of projects since its inception in 1999. As well as successfully campaigning to get CCTV cameras around the shopping centre; the main car parks resurfaced; environmental improvements within Winstanley Road and Salisbury Drive; new pavings, railings and lighting in New Chester Road; and starting up the successful Wirral Farmers' Market in the Village Hall, the group has more recently carried out improvements to the Shorefields Nature Park where further improvements are also imminent. The group was also very active in discussions with waste operator Biffa and the Forestry Commission regarding turning the nearby former tip site at Bromborough Dock into a new park, the Port Sunlight River Park, which opened in 2014.
Shopping
New Ferry has a small shopping precinct often referred to as "The Ferry". The area used to have a few chain stores as well as many independent shops. Kwik Save had two small premises in the town before moving to one new purpose-built site in 1992, which was then taken over by the Somerfield supermarket chain in 1998. The Kwik Save name was retained until 2006 before rebranding as Somerfield. After the Co-operative Group acquired the Somerfield chain in 2009, the New Ferry store was rebranded again. This supermarket finally closed in May 2016.There is also an Iceland store that moved into one of the old Kwik Save sites in 1992. The collapse of the Woolworths chain in 2008 saw the closure of its New Ferry branch, but the building reopened in September 2009 as a Heron Foods frozen food shop. The Ethel Austin clothing chain also had a large store in the precinct for many years which closed in 2011, two years before the collapse and eventual demise of the company in 2013. The building re-opened in 2015 as an independent general store. There was a Rightway DIY store for many years but this has now closed.
Numerous smaller retailers include: the Discount Carpet Centre, a 20-year-old family business; Buckleys newsagents, which has been in business under the same owner since the early 1980s. The Buckley family have also been prominent in New Ferry since the early 1800s, when they used to own and run most of the buildings dotted around. Buckleys newsagents was taken over in 2013, and is now a convenience store with an off-licence. For a small shopping centre it is unusual in having four butcher's shops: reputedly the oldest on Wirral is Edge's, with the same family trading in New Ferry since it opened in the 1850s and a recipient of the 'Best Local Retailer' in BBC's national Food and Farming Awards in 2014. The other butchers include G H Pearson's Pork Butchers in New Ferry Road and D E Griffiths (Butchers) Ltd in Bebington Road. The latter was severely damaged in the explosion of 2017 leading to closure.The Wirral Farmers' Market, held in New Ferry's Village Hall (between Longfellow Drive & Grove Street) on the second Saturday of the month, received a UK National Regeneration Award from the British Urban Regeneration Association in 2005 for its work investing in the local community. It was also awarded the title of Britain's Best Farmers' Market in 2007 from the national BBC Food & Farming Awards. The market is run entirely by volunteers, its profits being used to fund local community groups and good causes.
New Ferry also had three major banks. These were National Westminster Bank, more commonly known as NatWest, which closed in 1993 and HSBC, formerly Midland Bank, which closed in the late 2000s. The third bank was the Trustee Savings Bank (TSB), which, due to a merger with Lloyds Bank in 1995, became Lloyds TSB and later due to new banking regulations demerged and the branch was rebranded as Lloyds Bank. The New Ferry branch closed in late July 2016. The only remaining ATM/cash machine was located outside the Post Office on the New Chester Road. Following a campaign during the summer of 2016 by the small, independent businesses, two separate, independent ATM companies have provided cash machines in the main central shopping area that do not charge customers cash withdrawal fees.
2017 explosion
At 9:15 pm on 25 March 2017, there was an explosion destroying the large modern building at the junction of the shopping precinct with Boundary Road. Eighty one people were injured on the night, two of them seriously. The building that was destroyed housed a furniture shop, dance studio, charity shop and funeral service but had previously been used by the employment services. Over 200 surrounding buildings, both commercial and residential, were also significantly damaged and residents had to move to temporary accommodation. Businesses directly affected by the blast included DE Griffiths butchers, Ming Yuan beauty parlour, PK McMullen opticians, Lan's House Chinese restaurant, Amelia Jane (florist), the Cleveland Arms and several vacant shop units. The cause of the explosion was investigated by the police, Health and Safety Executive, National Grid and Merseyside Fire and Rescue Service. In 2019 Pascal Blasio, a business man who leased the furniture shop in the destroyed building, was convicted of causing an explosion to endanger life and dishonestly making a false representation. He was sentenced to 20 years and eight years in jail, to run concurrently.In September 2017, demolition of some of the most badly damaged buildings began. In addition a public consultation promoted by Wirral Council on redevelopment of New Ferry began. In 2020, a regeneration plan was decided by Wirral Council. It was for up to 1000 square metres of retail space and 79 houses or flats. The plan is for the explosion site, an area opposite it where damaged shops and houses had been demolished and also an adjacent large car-park flanked by derelict buildings.In April 2020, Wirral Council applied for funding to regenerate New Ferry from the government's Future High Streets fund. In December 2020 it was announced that New Ferry was provisionally awarded £3.2 million from the government's fund, aimed at recovery from effects of the Covid19 pandemic and regenerate underused town centres.
Public houses and clubs
The area is home to several pubs including Shillings Bar, The Cleveland Arms and the Wirral Hotel.
The John Masefield is named in honour of a former poet laureate, who was briefly stationed on a training ship on the Mersey near New Ferry. Part of the JD Wetherspoon chain, the company received complaints due to the unfortunate resemblance of the Masefield portrait on the pub sign to Adolf Hitler. As a result, it has received the nickname of "The Bünker" or "Adolf's". The company had said it would consider renaming the pub, but this has not happened to date.
New Ferry also has a number of private members' clubs: The Ex Civil Defence Club in School Lane and The Bebington Liberal Club on Bebington Road. The latter building was sold and redeveloped in 2020 as a business centre to provide co-working space and offices. In addition there was a club of the Royal British Legion at Hesketh Hall on Boundary Road until 2010, when it closed and the building was converted into 14 one- and two-bedroom apartments in 2014.One of New Ferry's links with its historic past as a tourist resort between the 1860s and 1920s was the Great Eastern Pub. The building dated from 1862 when Liverpool day-trippers began crossing the River Mersey by ferry to New Ferry Pier when it became known as "The Great Eastern Picnic Hotel". By coincidence, in 1888, Isambard Kingdom Brunel's famous ship the SS Great Eastern was broken up on the nearby shoreline, and many artefacts from the ship were auctioned off as it was being dismantled. The pub's owner bought a number of these including the ship's bar to install into the building, wood panelling for the walls, the ship's wheel and a stained glass window. These were all removed by the last owners of the building in the mid-2000s, and the pub closed down in 2007. In November 2009 the site was sold to a housing developer, Worksharp Ecohomes Ltd of Southport, who, in February 2010, submitted a planning application to Wirral Borough Council to demolish the building, described as being "in a state of serious disrepair" and replace it with ten two-storey semi-detached houses. On 5 March 2010, the security screens were ripped off the doors and windows, the contents of the pub removed and the building left unsecured. Many members of the community had been concerned that the motive behind this was to accelerate the pub's derelict state and ensure its future demolition. This process began in June 2010, ahead of a site meeting by Wirral Council's planning committee and despite an online petition by New Ferry Residents Association to save the building. More than 400 people had signed the petition demanding that it be saved from the bulldozer and instead converted to housing. Worksharp EcoHomes obtained planning permission to replace the building with ten semi-detached homes, but conditions attached to the permission required them to provide a permanent memorial explaining the significance of the area and its connection with the SS Great Eastern. Work finally began on building the replacement houses in March 2013.
Education
Primary schools in the New Ferry area include Grove Street Primary School, Church Drive School, Port Sunlight and St Johns RC Primary. Secondary schools in the New Ferry area also include Co-op Academy Bebington, St John Plessington Catholic College, The former site of New Ferry market has been turned into a Learning Centre, offering opportunities for young people and adults to further their qualifications.
Parks and open spaces
Facilities at New Ferry Park include a play area for children (refurbished and extended in January 2010) and football pitches, which are often used during local amateur Sunday league matches. In early 2012, the football clubs obtained £60,000 to refurbish the changing pavilion in the centre of the park.
Shorefields Nature Park on the banks of the River Mersey is a winter bird haven designated as a Site of Special Scientific Interest.
New Ferry Butterfly Park
Out of a thin piece of land adjoining Bebington railway station and along the railway towards Birkenhead, local volunteers have, since 1993, created a wildlife haven, New Ferry Butterfly Park. Occupying an area of almost 5 hectares, the Park is designated as an Area of Special Biological Interest. Open to visitors on Summer Sundays, local volunteers provide tours and help to manage the site throughout the year.In December 2009, it was announced that the site's owners, Brock plc, wished to sell the land - it is believed for development, even though the site is zoned as open space by the local authority. Brock have refused to sell the site to Cheshire Wildlife Trust or to Wirral Borough Council. As a result of the 3,600 named petition by local residents and concerned persons across Europe, in January 2010 the Council agreed to issue a Compulsory Purchase Order (CPO) on Brock to force them to sell the land to them so that this much loved ecological resource can be saved for future generations.During 2010, artist-in-residence Carol Ramsay created an art trail within the Butterfly Park. The trail now contains work by many more artists. In 2012 an Empty Shop Project funded by Wirral Council allowed the Butterfly Park to move into the town centre for six months, with 6 artist residencies each encouraging community engagement. The shop was formally opened by Harriet Harman MP. The legacy of this project is that 2 more sculptures were added to the art trail, an interactive information board/artwork is in situ and a book has been published about it all. New Ferry Butterfly Park was awarded official Green Flag status for 2013/14. On Sunday 4 May 2014 the Lord Lieutenant of Merseyside, Dame Lorna Muirhead, officially raised the flag and opened the park for the summer season.
Port Sunlight River Park
On the shore of the Rivery Mersey, between New Ferry and Bromborough, the former landfill site at Bromborough Dock was turned into a new £2.3 million community park. Now known as Port Sunlight River Park, it opened in summer 2014. The park now provides visitors with a number of distinct experiences including a freshwater lake which is rich in wildlife and other new habitats, a scenic waterfront, a perimeter walk, a link to Shorefields Nature Park, and paths to the summit with views of the River Mersey estuary and Liverpool skyline.
Sport
New Ferry Rangers Football Club are a local amateur football club, who play their home matches at New Ferry Park on Sunday mornings.The Olympic Taekwondo Centre is based at Bebington Youth Club, Cornwell Close. In 2008 the coach won Wirral Sports Council 'Coach of the Year' and the club took the Junior -73 kg male British National Champion title for the second year running.
New Ferry is the home of Bebington Youth Centre. In late 2012, Wirral Borough Council proposed to close the youth club (amongst many across the borough as the result of significant budgetary problems). However, the proposals were heavily opposed by the community who came together and signed a petition with over 1700 signatures to save the centre. As a result, and the fact that the centre is one of the best attended in the borough, the Council dropped proposals for its closure in early 2013.
Gallery
References
Notes
Bibliography
External links
Birkenhead & Surrounds
NewFerryOnline – New Ferry community website, including local history and period photos.
ITV News: New Ferry explosion
|
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New Ferry is an urban area on the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral, Merseyside, England. It is located on the Wirral Peninsula, with the River Mersey to the east and the town of Bebington to the west. Within the boundaries of the historic county of Cheshire, the area was developed from the early nineteenth century.
The 2001 census measured the population at 5,300.
History
As with the neighbouring settlement of Rock Ferry to the north-west, a ferry service gave its name to the locality: the first recorded mention of New Ferry was in 1774. On 4 April 1865, a "South End" service was established between New Ferry and South Ferry Basin in the southern dock system of Liverpool, although this appears to have been relatively short-lived. From 1879, services to Liverpool Pier Head were usually augmented with Rock Ferry. The ferry service was forced to close after a ship collided with New Ferry Pier in thick fog, in the early hours of 30 January 1922. Declining passenger numbers, improved local land-based public transport and a close proximity to the Rock Ferry service meant that it never reopened. The lease on the ferry rights officially expired on 22 September 1927, although no service had operated at New Ferry for over five years as a result of the collision.New Ferry was part of the Lower Bebington township, which became the Bebington-cum-Bromborough civil parish in 1922. Between 1894 and 1974 these parishes were administered as part of Bebington urban district. On 1 April 1974, local government reorganisation in England and Wales resulted in most of Wirral, including New Ferry, being transferred from the county of Cheshire to Merseyside.
On 25 March 2017, a massive gas explosion destroyed and damaged a lot of buildings, causing many injuries. It was caused by a shop owner attempting to destroy his business so he could collect insurance money.
Geography
New Ferry is on the eastern side of the Wirral Peninsula, on the western bank of the River Mersey. The area is approximately 9 km (5.6 mi) south-south-east of the Irish Sea at New Brighton and about 10 km (6.2 mi) east-north-east of the Dee Estuary at Heswall. The area lies at an elevation of between 0–27 m (0–89 ft) above sea level.
Transport
New Ferry is on the A41, the main road between Birkenhead and London before the introduction of motorways, and immediately adjacent to the village of Port Sunlight. At the centre of the town is the Toll Bar area, a name originating from when New Chester Road used to be a toll road. The re-routing of the A41 road onto the New Ferry By-pass, the first part from Bolton Road to Thorburn Road built in 1960, and extended from Thorburn Road to the Tranmere roundabout in 1976, has resulted in a decline in through-traffic in the town centre.
The nearest railway stations to New Ferry are Bebington and Port Sunlight, where trains operate to Chester, Ellesmere Port and Liverpool Central on the Wirral Line of the Merseyrail network.
New Ferry is served by several bus services: Arriva, Stagecoach and Merseylink all operate through the town en route to destinations such as Chester and Liverpool.
Governance
New Ferry is within the parliamentary constituency of Wirral South.
At local government level, the town is incorporated into the Bromborough Ward of the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral, in the metropolitan county of Merseyside. It is represented on Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council by three councillors.
Community
The community-led New Ferry Residents Association (NeFRA) has been actively seeking funding for a variety of projects since its inception in 1999. As well as successfully campaigning to get CCTV cameras around the shopping centre; the main car parks resurfaced; environmental improvements within Winstanley Road and Salisbury Drive; new pavings, railings and lighting in New Chester Road; and starting up the successful Wirral Farmers' Market in the Village Hall, the group has more recently carried out improvements to the Shorefields Nature Park where further improvements are also imminent. The group was also very active in discussions with waste operator Biffa and the Forestry Commission regarding turning the nearby former tip site at Bromborough Dock into a new park, the Port Sunlight River Park, which opened in 2014.
Shopping
New Ferry has a small shopping precinct often referred to as "The Ferry". The area used to have a few chain stores as well as many independent shops. Kwik Save had two small premises in the town before moving to one new purpose-built site in 1992, which was then taken over by the Somerfield supermarket chain in 1998. The Kwik Save name was retained until 2006 before rebranding as Somerfield. After the Co-operative Group acquired the Somerfield chain in 2009, the New Ferry store was rebranded again. This supermarket finally closed in May 2016.There is also an Iceland store that moved into one of the old Kwik Save sites in 1992. The collapse of the Woolworths chain in 2008 saw the closure of its New Ferry branch, but the building reopened in September 2009 as a Heron Foods frozen food shop. The Ethel Austin clothing chain also had a large store in the precinct for many years which closed in 2011, two years before the collapse and eventual demise of the company in 2013. The building re-opened in 2015 as an independent general store. There was a Rightway DIY store for many years but this has now closed.
Numerous smaller retailers include: the Discount Carpet Centre, a 20-year-old family business; Buckleys newsagents, which has been in business under the same owner since the early 1980s. The Buckley family have also been prominent in New Ferry since the early 1800s, when they used to own and run most of the buildings dotted around. Buckleys newsagents was taken over in 2013, and is now a convenience store with an off-licence. For a small shopping centre it is unusual in having four butcher's shops: reputedly the oldest on Wirral is Edge's, with the same family trading in New Ferry since it opened in the 1850s and a recipient of the 'Best Local Retailer' in BBC's national Food and Farming Awards in 2014. The other butchers include G H Pearson's Pork Butchers in New Ferry Road and D E Griffiths (Butchers) Ltd in Bebington Road. The latter was severely damaged in the explosion of 2017 leading to closure.The Wirral Farmers' Market, held in New Ferry's Village Hall (between Longfellow Drive & Grove Street) on the second Saturday of the month, received a UK National Regeneration Award from the British Urban Regeneration Association in 2005 for its work investing in the local community. It was also awarded the title of Britain's Best Farmers' Market in 2007 from the national BBC Food & Farming Awards. The market is run entirely by volunteers, its profits being used to fund local community groups and good causes.
New Ferry also had three major banks. These were National Westminster Bank, more commonly known as NatWest, which closed in 1993 and HSBC, formerly Midland Bank, which closed in the late 2000s. The third bank was the Trustee Savings Bank (TSB), which, due to a merger with Lloyds Bank in 1995, became Lloyds TSB and later due to new banking regulations demerged and the branch was rebranded as Lloyds Bank. The New Ferry branch closed in late July 2016. The only remaining ATM/cash machine was located outside the Post Office on the New Chester Road. Following a campaign during the summer of 2016 by the small, independent businesses, two separate, independent ATM companies have provided cash machines in the main central shopping area that do not charge customers cash withdrawal fees.
2017 explosion
At 9:15 pm on 25 March 2017, there was an explosion destroying the large modern building at the junction of the shopping precinct with Boundary Road. Eighty one people were injured on the night, two of them seriously. The building that was destroyed housed a furniture shop, dance studio, charity shop and funeral service but had previously been used by the employment services. Over 200 surrounding buildings, both commercial and residential, were also significantly damaged and residents had to move to temporary accommodation. Businesses directly affected by the blast included DE Griffiths butchers, Ming Yuan beauty parlour, PK McMullen opticians, Lan's House Chinese restaurant, Amelia Jane (florist), the Cleveland Arms and several vacant shop units. The cause of the explosion was investigated by the police, Health and Safety Executive, National Grid and Merseyside Fire and Rescue Service. In 2019 Pascal Blasio, a business man who leased the furniture shop in the destroyed building, was convicted of causing an explosion to endanger life and dishonestly making a false representation. He was sentenced to 20 years and eight years in jail, to run concurrently.In September 2017, demolition of some of the most badly damaged buildings began. In addition a public consultation promoted by Wirral Council on redevelopment of New Ferry began. In 2020, a regeneration plan was decided by Wirral Council. It was for up to 1000 square metres of retail space and 79 houses or flats. The plan is for the explosion site, an area opposite it where damaged shops and houses had been demolished and also an adjacent large car-park flanked by derelict buildings.In April 2020, Wirral Council applied for funding to regenerate New Ferry from the government's Future High Streets fund. In December 2020 it was announced that New Ferry was provisionally awarded £3.2 million from the government's fund, aimed at recovery from effects of the Covid19 pandemic and regenerate underused town centres.
Public houses and clubs
The area is home to several pubs including Shillings Bar, The Cleveland Arms and the Wirral Hotel.
The John Masefield is named in honour of a former poet laureate, who was briefly stationed on a training ship on the Mersey near New Ferry. Part of the JD Wetherspoon chain, the company received complaints due to the unfortunate resemblance of the Masefield portrait on the pub sign to Adolf Hitler. As a result, it has received the nickname of "The Bünker" or "Adolf's". The company had said it would consider renaming the pub, but this has not happened to date.
New Ferry also has a number of private members' clubs: The Ex Civil Defence Club in School Lane and The Bebington Liberal Club on Bebington Road. The latter building was sold and redeveloped in 2020 as a business centre to provide co-working space and offices. In addition there was a club of the Royal British Legion at Hesketh Hall on Boundary Road until 2010, when it closed and the building was converted into 14 one- and two-bedroom apartments in 2014.One of New Ferry's links with its historic past as a tourist resort between the 1860s and 1920s was the Great Eastern Pub. The building dated from 1862 when Liverpool day-trippers began crossing the River Mersey by ferry to New Ferry Pier when it became known as "The Great Eastern Picnic Hotel". By coincidence, in 1888, Isambard Kingdom Brunel's famous ship the SS Great Eastern was broken up on the nearby shoreline, and many artefacts from the ship were auctioned off as it was being dismantled. The pub's owner bought a number of these including the ship's bar to install into the building, wood panelling for the walls, the ship's wheel and a stained glass window. These were all removed by the last owners of the building in the mid-2000s, and the pub closed down in 2007. In November 2009 the site was sold to a housing developer, Worksharp Ecohomes Ltd of Southport, who, in February 2010, submitted a planning application to Wirral Borough Council to demolish the building, described as being "in a state of serious disrepair" and replace it with ten two-storey semi-detached houses. On 5 March 2010, the security screens were ripped off the doors and windows, the contents of the pub removed and the building left unsecured. Many members of the community had been concerned that the motive behind this was to accelerate the pub's derelict state and ensure its future demolition. This process began in June 2010, ahead of a site meeting by Wirral Council's planning committee and despite an online petition by New Ferry Residents Association to save the building. More than 400 people had signed the petition demanding that it be saved from the bulldozer and instead converted to housing. Worksharp EcoHomes obtained planning permission to replace the building with ten semi-detached homes, but conditions attached to the permission required them to provide a permanent memorial explaining the significance of the area and its connection with the SS Great Eastern. Work finally began on building the replacement houses in March 2013.
Education
Primary schools in the New Ferry area include Grove Street Primary School, Church Drive School, Port Sunlight and St Johns RC Primary. Secondary schools in the New Ferry area also include Co-op Academy Bebington, St John Plessington Catholic College, The former site of New Ferry market has been turned into a Learning Centre, offering opportunities for young people and adults to further their qualifications.
Parks and open spaces
Facilities at New Ferry Park include a play area for children (refurbished and extended in January 2010) and football pitches, which are often used during local amateur Sunday league matches. In early 2012, the football clubs obtained £60,000 to refurbish the changing pavilion in the centre of the park.
Shorefields Nature Park on the banks of the River Mersey is a winter bird haven designated as a Site of Special Scientific Interest.
New Ferry Butterfly Park
Out of a thin piece of land adjoining Bebington railway station and along the railway towards Birkenhead, local volunteers have, since 1993, created a wildlife haven, New Ferry Butterfly Park. Occupying an area of almost 5 hectares, the Park is designated as an Area of Special Biological Interest. Open to visitors on Summer Sundays, local volunteers provide tours and help to manage the site throughout the year.In December 2009, it was announced that the site's owners, Brock plc, wished to sell the land - it is believed for development, even though the site is zoned as open space by the local authority. Brock have refused to sell the site to Cheshire Wildlife Trust or to Wirral Borough Council. As a result of the 3,600 named petition by local residents and concerned persons across Europe, in January 2010 the Council agreed to issue a Compulsory Purchase Order (CPO) on Brock to force them to sell the land to them so that this much loved ecological resource can be saved for future generations.During 2010, artist-in-residence Carol Ramsay created an art trail within the Butterfly Park. The trail now contains work by many more artists. In 2012 an Empty Shop Project funded by Wirral Council allowed the Butterfly Park to move into the town centre for six months, with 6 artist residencies each encouraging community engagement. The shop was formally opened by Harriet Harman MP. The legacy of this project is that 2 more sculptures were added to the art trail, an interactive information board/artwork is in situ and a book has been published about it all. New Ferry Butterfly Park was awarded official Green Flag status for 2013/14. On Sunday 4 May 2014 the Lord Lieutenant of Merseyside, Dame Lorna Muirhead, officially raised the flag and opened the park for the summer season.
Port Sunlight River Park
On the shore of the Rivery Mersey, between New Ferry and Bromborough, the former landfill site at Bromborough Dock was turned into a new £2.3 million community park. Now known as Port Sunlight River Park, it opened in summer 2014. The park now provides visitors with a number of distinct experiences including a freshwater lake which is rich in wildlife and other new habitats, a scenic waterfront, a perimeter walk, a link to Shorefields Nature Park, and paths to the summit with views of the River Mersey estuary and Liverpool skyline.
Sport
New Ferry Rangers Football Club are a local amateur football club, who play their home matches at New Ferry Park on Sunday mornings.The Olympic Taekwondo Centre is based at Bebington Youth Club, Cornwell Close. In 2008 the coach won Wirral Sports Council 'Coach of the Year' and the club took the Junior -73 kg male British National Champion title for the second year running.
New Ferry is the home of Bebington Youth Centre. In late 2012, Wirral Borough Council proposed to close the youth club (amongst many across the borough as the result of significant budgetary problems). However, the proposals were heavily opposed by the community who came together and signed a petition with over 1700 signatures to save the centre. As a result, and the fact that the centre is one of the best attended in the borough, the Council dropped proposals for its closure in early 2013.
Gallery
References
Notes
Bibliography
External links
Birkenhead & Surrounds
NewFerryOnline – New Ferry community website, including local history and period photos.
ITV News: New Ferry explosion
|
located in the administrative territorial entity
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New Ferry is an urban area on the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral, Merseyside, England. It is located on the Wirral Peninsula, with the River Mersey to the east and the town of Bebington to the west. Within the boundaries of the historic county of Cheshire, the area was developed from the early nineteenth century.
The 2001 census measured the population at 5,300.
History
As with the neighbouring settlement of Rock Ferry to the north-west, a ferry service gave its name to the locality: the first recorded mention of New Ferry was in 1774. On 4 April 1865, a "South End" service was established between New Ferry and South Ferry Basin in the southern dock system of Liverpool, although this appears to have been relatively short-lived. From 1879, services to Liverpool Pier Head were usually augmented with Rock Ferry. The ferry service was forced to close after a ship collided with New Ferry Pier in thick fog, in the early hours of 30 January 1922. Declining passenger numbers, improved local land-based public transport and a close proximity to the Rock Ferry service meant that it never reopened. The lease on the ferry rights officially expired on 22 September 1927, although no service had operated at New Ferry for over five years as a result of the collision.New Ferry was part of the Lower Bebington township, which became the Bebington-cum-Bromborough civil parish in 1922. Between 1894 and 1974 these parishes were administered as part of Bebington urban district. On 1 April 1974, local government reorganisation in England and Wales resulted in most of Wirral, including New Ferry, being transferred from the county of Cheshire to Merseyside.
On 25 March 2017, a massive gas explosion destroyed and damaged a lot of buildings, causing many injuries. It was caused by a shop owner attempting to destroy his business so he could collect insurance money.
Geography
New Ferry is on the eastern side of the Wirral Peninsula, on the western bank of the River Mersey. The area is approximately 9 km (5.6 mi) south-south-east of the Irish Sea at New Brighton and about 10 km (6.2 mi) east-north-east of the Dee Estuary at Heswall. The area lies at an elevation of between 0–27 m (0–89 ft) above sea level.
Transport
New Ferry is on the A41, the main road between Birkenhead and London before the introduction of motorways, and immediately adjacent to the village of Port Sunlight. At the centre of the town is the Toll Bar area, a name originating from when New Chester Road used to be a toll road. The re-routing of the A41 road onto the New Ferry By-pass, the first part from Bolton Road to Thorburn Road built in 1960, and extended from Thorburn Road to the Tranmere roundabout in 1976, has resulted in a decline in through-traffic in the town centre.
The nearest railway stations to New Ferry are Bebington and Port Sunlight, where trains operate to Chester, Ellesmere Port and Liverpool Central on the Wirral Line of the Merseyrail network.
New Ferry is served by several bus services: Arriva, Stagecoach and Merseylink all operate through the town en route to destinations such as Chester and Liverpool.
Governance
New Ferry is within the parliamentary constituency of Wirral South.
At local government level, the town is incorporated into the Bromborough Ward of the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral, in the metropolitan county of Merseyside. It is represented on Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council by three councillors.
Community
The community-led New Ferry Residents Association (NeFRA) has been actively seeking funding for a variety of projects since its inception in 1999. As well as successfully campaigning to get CCTV cameras around the shopping centre; the main car parks resurfaced; environmental improvements within Winstanley Road and Salisbury Drive; new pavings, railings and lighting in New Chester Road; and starting up the successful Wirral Farmers' Market in the Village Hall, the group has more recently carried out improvements to the Shorefields Nature Park where further improvements are also imminent. The group was also very active in discussions with waste operator Biffa and the Forestry Commission regarding turning the nearby former tip site at Bromborough Dock into a new park, the Port Sunlight River Park, which opened in 2014.
Shopping
New Ferry has a small shopping precinct often referred to as "The Ferry". The area used to have a few chain stores as well as many independent shops. Kwik Save had two small premises in the town before moving to one new purpose-built site in 1992, which was then taken over by the Somerfield supermarket chain in 1998. The Kwik Save name was retained until 2006 before rebranding as Somerfield. After the Co-operative Group acquired the Somerfield chain in 2009, the New Ferry store was rebranded again. This supermarket finally closed in May 2016.There is also an Iceland store that moved into one of the old Kwik Save sites in 1992. The collapse of the Woolworths chain in 2008 saw the closure of its New Ferry branch, but the building reopened in September 2009 as a Heron Foods frozen food shop. The Ethel Austin clothing chain also had a large store in the precinct for many years which closed in 2011, two years before the collapse and eventual demise of the company in 2013. The building re-opened in 2015 as an independent general store. There was a Rightway DIY store for many years but this has now closed.
Numerous smaller retailers include: the Discount Carpet Centre, a 20-year-old family business; Buckleys newsagents, which has been in business under the same owner since the early 1980s. The Buckley family have also been prominent in New Ferry since the early 1800s, when they used to own and run most of the buildings dotted around. Buckleys newsagents was taken over in 2013, and is now a convenience store with an off-licence. For a small shopping centre it is unusual in having four butcher's shops: reputedly the oldest on Wirral is Edge's, with the same family trading in New Ferry since it opened in the 1850s and a recipient of the 'Best Local Retailer' in BBC's national Food and Farming Awards in 2014. The other butchers include G H Pearson's Pork Butchers in New Ferry Road and D E Griffiths (Butchers) Ltd in Bebington Road. The latter was severely damaged in the explosion of 2017 leading to closure.The Wirral Farmers' Market, held in New Ferry's Village Hall (between Longfellow Drive & Grove Street) on the second Saturday of the month, received a UK National Regeneration Award from the British Urban Regeneration Association in 2005 for its work investing in the local community. It was also awarded the title of Britain's Best Farmers' Market in 2007 from the national BBC Food & Farming Awards. The market is run entirely by volunteers, its profits being used to fund local community groups and good causes.
New Ferry also had three major banks. These were National Westminster Bank, more commonly known as NatWest, which closed in 1993 and HSBC, formerly Midland Bank, which closed in the late 2000s. The third bank was the Trustee Savings Bank (TSB), which, due to a merger with Lloyds Bank in 1995, became Lloyds TSB and later due to new banking regulations demerged and the branch was rebranded as Lloyds Bank. The New Ferry branch closed in late July 2016. The only remaining ATM/cash machine was located outside the Post Office on the New Chester Road. Following a campaign during the summer of 2016 by the small, independent businesses, two separate, independent ATM companies have provided cash machines in the main central shopping area that do not charge customers cash withdrawal fees.
2017 explosion
At 9:15 pm on 25 March 2017, there was an explosion destroying the large modern building at the junction of the shopping precinct with Boundary Road. Eighty one people were injured on the night, two of them seriously. The building that was destroyed housed a furniture shop, dance studio, charity shop and funeral service but had previously been used by the employment services. Over 200 surrounding buildings, both commercial and residential, were also significantly damaged and residents had to move to temporary accommodation. Businesses directly affected by the blast included DE Griffiths butchers, Ming Yuan beauty parlour, PK McMullen opticians, Lan's House Chinese restaurant, Amelia Jane (florist), the Cleveland Arms and several vacant shop units. The cause of the explosion was investigated by the police, Health and Safety Executive, National Grid and Merseyside Fire and Rescue Service. In 2019 Pascal Blasio, a business man who leased the furniture shop in the destroyed building, was convicted of causing an explosion to endanger life and dishonestly making a false representation. He was sentenced to 20 years and eight years in jail, to run concurrently.In September 2017, demolition of some of the most badly damaged buildings began. In addition a public consultation promoted by Wirral Council on redevelopment of New Ferry began. In 2020, a regeneration plan was decided by Wirral Council. It was for up to 1000 square metres of retail space and 79 houses or flats. The plan is for the explosion site, an area opposite it where damaged shops and houses had been demolished and also an adjacent large car-park flanked by derelict buildings.In April 2020, Wirral Council applied for funding to regenerate New Ferry from the government's Future High Streets fund. In December 2020 it was announced that New Ferry was provisionally awarded £3.2 million from the government's fund, aimed at recovery from effects of the Covid19 pandemic and regenerate underused town centres.
Public houses and clubs
The area is home to several pubs including Shillings Bar, The Cleveland Arms and the Wirral Hotel.
The John Masefield is named in honour of a former poet laureate, who was briefly stationed on a training ship on the Mersey near New Ferry. Part of the JD Wetherspoon chain, the company received complaints due to the unfortunate resemblance of the Masefield portrait on the pub sign to Adolf Hitler. As a result, it has received the nickname of "The Bünker" or "Adolf's". The company had said it would consider renaming the pub, but this has not happened to date.
New Ferry also has a number of private members' clubs: The Ex Civil Defence Club in School Lane and The Bebington Liberal Club on Bebington Road. The latter building was sold and redeveloped in 2020 as a business centre to provide co-working space and offices. In addition there was a club of the Royal British Legion at Hesketh Hall on Boundary Road until 2010, when it closed and the building was converted into 14 one- and two-bedroom apartments in 2014.One of New Ferry's links with its historic past as a tourist resort between the 1860s and 1920s was the Great Eastern Pub. The building dated from 1862 when Liverpool day-trippers began crossing the River Mersey by ferry to New Ferry Pier when it became known as "The Great Eastern Picnic Hotel". By coincidence, in 1888, Isambard Kingdom Brunel's famous ship the SS Great Eastern was broken up on the nearby shoreline, and many artefacts from the ship were auctioned off as it was being dismantled. The pub's owner bought a number of these including the ship's bar to install into the building, wood panelling for the walls, the ship's wheel and a stained glass window. These were all removed by the last owners of the building in the mid-2000s, and the pub closed down in 2007. In November 2009 the site was sold to a housing developer, Worksharp Ecohomes Ltd of Southport, who, in February 2010, submitted a planning application to Wirral Borough Council to demolish the building, described as being "in a state of serious disrepair" and replace it with ten two-storey semi-detached houses. On 5 March 2010, the security screens were ripped off the doors and windows, the contents of the pub removed and the building left unsecured. Many members of the community had been concerned that the motive behind this was to accelerate the pub's derelict state and ensure its future demolition. This process began in June 2010, ahead of a site meeting by Wirral Council's planning committee and despite an online petition by New Ferry Residents Association to save the building. More than 400 people had signed the petition demanding that it be saved from the bulldozer and instead converted to housing. Worksharp EcoHomes obtained planning permission to replace the building with ten semi-detached homes, but conditions attached to the permission required them to provide a permanent memorial explaining the significance of the area and its connection with the SS Great Eastern. Work finally began on building the replacement houses in March 2013.
Education
Primary schools in the New Ferry area include Grove Street Primary School, Church Drive School, Port Sunlight and St Johns RC Primary. Secondary schools in the New Ferry area also include Co-op Academy Bebington, St John Plessington Catholic College, The former site of New Ferry market has been turned into a Learning Centre, offering opportunities for young people and adults to further their qualifications.
Parks and open spaces
Facilities at New Ferry Park include a play area for children (refurbished and extended in January 2010) and football pitches, which are often used during local amateur Sunday league matches. In early 2012, the football clubs obtained £60,000 to refurbish the changing pavilion in the centre of the park.
Shorefields Nature Park on the banks of the River Mersey is a winter bird haven designated as a Site of Special Scientific Interest.
New Ferry Butterfly Park
Out of a thin piece of land adjoining Bebington railway station and along the railway towards Birkenhead, local volunteers have, since 1993, created a wildlife haven, New Ferry Butterfly Park. Occupying an area of almost 5 hectares, the Park is designated as an Area of Special Biological Interest. Open to visitors on Summer Sundays, local volunteers provide tours and help to manage the site throughout the year.In December 2009, it was announced that the site's owners, Brock plc, wished to sell the land - it is believed for development, even though the site is zoned as open space by the local authority. Brock have refused to sell the site to Cheshire Wildlife Trust or to Wirral Borough Council. As a result of the 3,600 named petition by local residents and concerned persons across Europe, in January 2010 the Council agreed to issue a Compulsory Purchase Order (CPO) on Brock to force them to sell the land to them so that this much loved ecological resource can be saved for future generations.During 2010, artist-in-residence Carol Ramsay created an art trail within the Butterfly Park. The trail now contains work by many more artists. In 2012 an Empty Shop Project funded by Wirral Council allowed the Butterfly Park to move into the town centre for six months, with 6 artist residencies each encouraging community engagement. The shop was formally opened by Harriet Harman MP. The legacy of this project is that 2 more sculptures were added to the art trail, an interactive information board/artwork is in situ and a book has been published about it all. New Ferry Butterfly Park was awarded official Green Flag status for 2013/14. On Sunday 4 May 2014 the Lord Lieutenant of Merseyside, Dame Lorna Muirhead, officially raised the flag and opened the park for the summer season.
Port Sunlight River Park
On the shore of the Rivery Mersey, between New Ferry and Bromborough, the former landfill site at Bromborough Dock was turned into a new £2.3 million community park. Now known as Port Sunlight River Park, it opened in summer 2014. The park now provides visitors with a number of distinct experiences including a freshwater lake which is rich in wildlife and other new habitats, a scenic waterfront, a perimeter walk, a link to Shorefields Nature Park, and paths to the summit with views of the River Mersey estuary and Liverpool skyline.
Sport
New Ferry Rangers Football Club are a local amateur football club, who play their home matches at New Ferry Park on Sunday mornings.The Olympic Taekwondo Centre is based at Bebington Youth Club, Cornwell Close. In 2008 the coach won Wirral Sports Council 'Coach of the Year' and the club took the Junior -73 kg male British National Champion title for the second year running.
New Ferry is the home of Bebington Youth Centre. In late 2012, Wirral Borough Council proposed to close the youth club (amongst many across the borough as the result of significant budgetary problems). However, the proposals were heavily opposed by the community who came together and signed a petition with over 1700 signatures to save the centre. As a result, and the fact that the centre is one of the best attended in the borough, the Council dropped proposals for its closure in early 2013.
Gallery
References
Notes
Bibliography
External links
Birkenhead & Surrounds
NewFerryOnline – New Ferry community website, including local history and period photos.
ITV News: New Ferry explosion
|
historic county
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Alheim is a municipality in Hersfeld-Rotenburg district in northeastern Hesse, Germany. It is named after nearby Alheimer Mountain. Alheim consist of 10 former souverain villages situated on both banks of the river Fulda.
Geography
Location
The community lies in Hersfeld-Rotenburg district some 35 km southeast of Kassel and a few kilometres northwest of Rotenburg an der Fulda. It stretches along both banks of the Fulda into the Knüllgebirge (range) and the Stölzinger Gebirge. In this latter range the community’s landmark can be found, the 549 m-high Alheimer.
Constituent communities
Alheim’s Ortsteile are Baumbach (founded before 1003), Erdpenhausen, Hergershausen, Licherode, Niederellenbach, Niedergude (founded before 960), Oberellenbach, Obergude (founded before 960), Sterkelshausen (founded before 1003) and Heinebach.
The population is some 5,300, of whom more than 2,500 live in Heinebach, the biggest of the ten constituent communities and Alheim’s economic hub.
Neighbouring communities
Alheim borders in the north on the community of Morschen and the town of Spangenberg (both in the Schwalm-Eder-Kreis), in the east on the town of Rotenburg an der Fulda, in the south on the community of Ludwigsau (both in Hersfeld-Rotenburg) and in the west on the community of Knüllwald (in the Schwalm-Eder-Kreis).
Politics
Community council
The municipal election held on 26 March 2006 yielded the following results:
Mayor
The last mayoral elections yielded the following results:
In the last mayoral election on 14 September 2008, the incumbent mayor Georg Lüdtke (SPD) was reëlected with 65.6% of the vote against independent Lothar Schäfer, who got 26.0%, and Michael Werner (FDP), who got 8.4%.
Town partnerships
Zandhoven, Antwerp province, Belgium since 2001The partnership actually began in 1971 when one came into being between Heinebach, now Alheim’s biggest centre, and Pulle, which has since become part of Zandhoven.
Municipal area’s development
Establishment
Within the framework of municipal reform, the villages named above were merged into the new community of Alheim on 1 August 1972.
Culture and sightseeing
Walking loops, each based on a theme, have been built. Foremost among these are the mining history learning and adventure path (Bergbauhistorischer Lern- und Erlebnispfad), the water adventure path (Wassererlebnispfad) and the cultural history hiking loop (kulturhistorischer Rundwanderweg)
A popular outing or hiking destination is the Alheimer-Turm (tower) on the like-named mountain in the Stölzinger Gebirge.
Buildings
The churches in some of the community’s centres have been preserved with their mediaeval defensive walls.
On the Heineberg, remains of a wall are preserved stemming from fortifications built in the 8th or 10th century. During digs in 1974, an early mediaeval church’s foundation was unearthed.
Famous people
Franz Christian Gundlach, fashion photographer and curator (b. 1926 in Heinebach)
Manfred Siebald, Christian songwriter (b. 1948 in Baumbach)
References
External links
Sterkelshausen (in German)
Heinebach (in German)
Obergude (in German)
Alheim at Curlie (in German)
|
country
|
{
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|
Alheim is a municipality in Hersfeld-Rotenburg district in northeastern Hesse, Germany. It is named after nearby Alheimer Mountain. Alheim consist of 10 former souverain villages situated on both banks of the river Fulda.
Geography
Location
The community lies in Hersfeld-Rotenburg district some 35 km southeast of Kassel and a few kilometres northwest of Rotenburg an der Fulda. It stretches along both banks of the Fulda into the Knüllgebirge (range) and the Stölzinger Gebirge. In this latter range the community’s landmark can be found, the 549 m-high Alheimer.
Constituent communities
Alheim’s Ortsteile are Baumbach (founded before 1003), Erdpenhausen, Hergershausen, Licherode, Niederellenbach, Niedergude (founded before 960), Oberellenbach, Obergude (founded before 960), Sterkelshausen (founded before 1003) and Heinebach.
The population is some 5,300, of whom more than 2,500 live in Heinebach, the biggest of the ten constituent communities and Alheim’s economic hub.
Neighbouring communities
Alheim borders in the north on the community of Morschen and the town of Spangenberg (both in the Schwalm-Eder-Kreis), in the east on the town of Rotenburg an der Fulda, in the south on the community of Ludwigsau (both in Hersfeld-Rotenburg) and in the west on the community of Knüllwald (in the Schwalm-Eder-Kreis).
Politics
Community council
The municipal election held on 26 March 2006 yielded the following results:
Mayor
The last mayoral elections yielded the following results:
In the last mayoral election on 14 September 2008, the incumbent mayor Georg Lüdtke (SPD) was reëlected with 65.6% of the vote against independent Lothar Schäfer, who got 26.0%, and Michael Werner (FDP), who got 8.4%.
Town partnerships
Zandhoven, Antwerp province, Belgium since 2001The partnership actually began in 1971 when one came into being between Heinebach, now Alheim’s biggest centre, and Pulle, which has since become part of Zandhoven.
Municipal area’s development
Establishment
Within the framework of municipal reform, the villages named above were merged into the new community of Alheim on 1 August 1972.
Culture and sightseeing
Walking loops, each based on a theme, have been built. Foremost among these are the mining history learning and adventure path (Bergbauhistorischer Lern- und Erlebnispfad), the water adventure path (Wassererlebnispfad) and the cultural history hiking loop (kulturhistorischer Rundwanderweg)
A popular outing or hiking destination is the Alheimer-Turm (tower) on the like-named mountain in the Stölzinger Gebirge.
Buildings
The churches in some of the community’s centres have been preserved with their mediaeval defensive walls.
On the Heineberg, remains of a wall are preserved stemming from fortifications built in the 8th or 10th century. During digs in 1974, an early mediaeval church’s foundation was unearthed.
Famous people
Franz Christian Gundlach, fashion photographer and curator (b. 1926 in Heinebach)
Manfred Siebald, Christian songwriter (b. 1948 in Baumbach)
References
External links
Sterkelshausen (in German)
Heinebach (in German)
Obergude (in German)
Alheim at Curlie (in German)
|
located in the administrative territorial entity
|
{
"answer_start": [
28
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"text": [
"Hersfeld-Rotenburg"
]
}
|
Alheim is a municipality in Hersfeld-Rotenburg district in northeastern Hesse, Germany. It is named after nearby Alheimer Mountain. Alheim consist of 10 former souverain villages situated on both banks of the river Fulda.
Geography
Location
The community lies in Hersfeld-Rotenburg district some 35 km southeast of Kassel and a few kilometres northwest of Rotenburg an der Fulda. It stretches along both banks of the Fulda into the Knüllgebirge (range) and the Stölzinger Gebirge. In this latter range the community’s landmark can be found, the 549 m-high Alheimer.
Constituent communities
Alheim’s Ortsteile are Baumbach (founded before 1003), Erdpenhausen, Hergershausen, Licherode, Niederellenbach, Niedergude (founded before 960), Oberellenbach, Obergude (founded before 960), Sterkelshausen (founded before 1003) and Heinebach.
The population is some 5,300, of whom more than 2,500 live in Heinebach, the biggest of the ten constituent communities and Alheim’s economic hub.
Neighbouring communities
Alheim borders in the north on the community of Morschen and the town of Spangenberg (both in the Schwalm-Eder-Kreis), in the east on the town of Rotenburg an der Fulda, in the south on the community of Ludwigsau (both in Hersfeld-Rotenburg) and in the west on the community of Knüllwald (in the Schwalm-Eder-Kreis).
Politics
Community council
The municipal election held on 26 March 2006 yielded the following results:
Mayor
The last mayoral elections yielded the following results:
In the last mayoral election on 14 September 2008, the incumbent mayor Georg Lüdtke (SPD) was reëlected with 65.6% of the vote against independent Lothar Schäfer, who got 26.0%, and Michael Werner (FDP), who got 8.4%.
Town partnerships
Zandhoven, Antwerp province, Belgium since 2001The partnership actually began in 1971 when one came into being between Heinebach, now Alheim’s biggest centre, and Pulle, which has since become part of Zandhoven.
Municipal area’s development
Establishment
Within the framework of municipal reform, the villages named above were merged into the new community of Alheim on 1 August 1972.
Culture and sightseeing
Walking loops, each based on a theme, have been built. Foremost among these are the mining history learning and adventure path (Bergbauhistorischer Lern- und Erlebnispfad), the water adventure path (Wassererlebnispfad) and the cultural history hiking loop (kulturhistorischer Rundwanderweg)
A popular outing or hiking destination is the Alheimer-Turm (tower) on the like-named mountain in the Stölzinger Gebirge.
Buildings
The churches in some of the community’s centres have been preserved with their mediaeval defensive walls.
On the Heineberg, remains of a wall are preserved stemming from fortifications built in the 8th or 10th century. During digs in 1974, an early mediaeval church’s foundation was unearthed.
Famous people
Franz Christian Gundlach, fashion photographer and curator (b. 1926 in Heinebach)
Manfred Siebald, Christian songwriter (b. 1948 in Baumbach)
References
External links
Sterkelshausen (in German)
Heinebach (in German)
Obergude (in German)
Alheim at Curlie (in German)
|
Commons category
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Alheim"
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|
Psychopathics from Outer Space is a compilation album featuring Insane Clown Posse, Twiztid, Blaze Ya Dead Homie, Psychopathic Rydas, Ice-T, and Myzery. Released on September 30, 1999, on Joe & Joey Records, the album is a collection of outtakes and unreleased tracks.
Overview
"The Dirt Ball" was featured in the film Heavy Metal 2000. "Slim Anus" is a diss track towards Eminem. "Dead End", featuring a guest appearance by Ice-T, was originally intended for The Amazing Jeckel Brothers.Many of Twiztid's contributions appeared on the original version of Mostasteless. The Psychopathic Rydas tracks were omitted from the album when it was issued on iTunes and Amazon MP3 by Psychopathic Records.
Track listing
== References ==
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
48
],
"text": [
"album"
]
}
|
Psychopathics from Outer Space is a compilation album featuring Insane Clown Posse, Twiztid, Blaze Ya Dead Homie, Psychopathic Rydas, Ice-T, and Myzery. Released on September 30, 1999, on Joe & Joey Records, the album is a collection of outtakes and unreleased tracks.
Overview
"The Dirt Ball" was featured in the film Heavy Metal 2000. "Slim Anus" is a diss track towards Eminem. "Dead End", featuring a guest appearance by Ice-T, was originally intended for The Amazing Jeckel Brothers.Many of Twiztid's contributions appeared on the original version of Mostasteless. The Psychopathic Rydas tracks were omitted from the album when it was issued on iTunes and Amazon MP3 by Psychopathic Records.
Track listing
== References ==
|
performer
|
{
"answer_start": [
64
],
"text": [
"Insane Clown Posse"
]
}
|
Psychopathics from Outer Space is a compilation album featuring Insane Clown Posse, Twiztid, Blaze Ya Dead Homie, Psychopathic Rydas, Ice-T, and Myzery. Released on September 30, 1999, on Joe & Joey Records, the album is a collection of outtakes and unreleased tracks.
Overview
"The Dirt Ball" was featured in the film Heavy Metal 2000. "Slim Anus" is a diss track towards Eminem. "Dead End", featuring a guest appearance by Ice-T, was originally intended for The Amazing Jeckel Brothers.Many of Twiztid's contributions appeared on the original version of Mostasteless. The Psychopathic Rydas tracks were omitted from the album when it was issued on iTunes and Amazon MP3 by Psychopathic Records.
Track listing
== References ==
|
form of creative work
|
{
"answer_start": [
36
],
"text": [
"compilation album"
]
}
|
Chrysaeglia xantha is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Yasunori Kishida in 1996. It is found on Sulawesi.
== References ==
|
parent taxon
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Chrysaeglia"
]
}
|
Chrysaeglia xantha is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Yasunori Kishida in 1996. It is found on Sulawesi.
== References ==
|
taxon name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Chrysaeglia xantha"
]
}
|
Songcheon-dong is a dong, neighbourhood of Gangbuk-gu in Seoul, South Korea. From June 30 of 2008, Former Mia-5 and 8 dongs are combined for this dong.
See also
Administrative divisions of South Korea
References
External links
Gangbuk-gu official website
Gangbuk-gu map at the Gangbuk-gu official website
(in Korean) Songcheon-dong resident office website
|
country
|
{
"answer_start": [
64
],
"text": [
"South Korea"
]
}
|
Songcheon-dong is a dong, neighbourhood of Gangbuk-gu in Seoul, South Korea. From June 30 of 2008, Former Mia-5 and 8 dongs are combined for this dong.
See also
Administrative divisions of South Korea
References
External links
Gangbuk-gu official website
Gangbuk-gu map at the Gangbuk-gu official website
(in Korean) Songcheon-dong resident office website
|
Revised Romanization
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Songcheon-dong"
]
}
|
Chrysosplenium iowense is a species of flowering plant in the saxifrage family known by the common name Iowa golden-saxifrage. It is native to North America, where it is "primarily a Canadian species", occurring from the northern Northwest Territories south to British Columbia and east to Manitoba. There are also disjunct, relictual occurrences within the United States, in the Driftless Area of Minnesota and Iowa.
Description
Chrysosplenium iowense is a small easily unnoticed plant with upright hairless stems. It is stoloniferous, with thin stolons and stems up to 15 centimeters tall. Flowering stems are not produced during the first season. Leaves occur on the stolons and the stems. The leaves are alternately arranged on the stems, with the lower leaves roundish in shape with seven to eleven lobes. The top two leaves are adnate (joined together) to the inflorescence branches. The inflorescence is a cyme of up to 12 flowers with leaflike yellow-green bracts and small yellow or greenish sepals. The flowers have yellow anthers. The production of flowers varies by temperature, with the maximum flowering occurring when the substrate is around 11 to 12 °C. Plants require insects for pollination. The cuplike fruit capsule contains many reddish seeds.
Habitat
Populations of Chrysosplenium iowense are generally small, containing no more than a few hundred individuals. They inhabitant wet and moist streambanks and woods. In the southern part of its range this northern species occurs and persists in spots that are always cool to cold, such as ice caves and tunnels carrying cold air. In the US it is found on algific (cold producing) talus slopes derived from dolomite; where cold air seeps down from ice-caves on north facing slopes. These cool moist habitats are very limited in size, some being only a one square meter. Other species that are restricted to these relic boreal locations include Carex media, Adoxa moschatellina, and several endemic land snails.Associated plants include Abies balsamea, Acer spicatum, Adoxa moschatellina, Betula alleghaniensis, Carex peckii, Circaea alpina, Cornus canadensis, Equisetum scirpoides, Linnaea borealis, Lycopodium spp., Maianthemum canadense, Mertensia paniculata, Rhamnus alnifolia, Ribes hudsonianum, Taxus canadensis, Trillium nivale, and Viburnum trilobum.
Distribution
The US populations of Chrysosplenium iowense are likely relicts of Pleistocene flora that has survived glaciation, it now survives in boreal microhabitats. It is listed as an endangered species in Minnesota, and a threatened species in Iowa.
Threats to this species include trampling and other disturbance by humans and cattle. Logging is a threat for several reasons; the machinery damages the habitat and the process of logging leads to the succession of woody vegetation, erosion, and changes in shade and hydrology. Agriculture also alters the habitat. In Alberta the plant grows in areas with busy oil and gas exploration activity. Some sources consider this species as C. alternifolium var. sibiricum.
References
== External links ==
|
taxon rank
|
{
"answer_start": [
28
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"text": [
"species"
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|
Chrysosplenium iowense is a species of flowering plant in the saxifrage family known by the common name Iowa golden-saxifrage. It is native to North America, where it is "primarily a Canadian species", occurring from the northern Northwest Territories south to British Columbia and east to Manitoba. There are also disjunct, relictual occurrences within the United States, in the Driftless Area of Minnesota and Iowa.
Description
Chrysosplenium iowense is a small easily unnoticed plant with upright hairless stems. It is stoloniferous, with thin stolons and stems up to 15 centimeters tall. Flowering stems are not produced during the first season. Leaves occur on the stolons and the stems. The leaves are alternately arranged on the stems, with the lower leaves roundish in shape with seven to eleven lobes. The top two leaves are adnate (joined together) to the inflorescence branches. The inflorescence is a cyme of up to 12 flowers with leaflike yellow-green bracts and small yellow or greenish sepals. The flowers have yellow anthers. The production of flowers varies by temperature, with the maximum flowering occurring when the substrate is around 11 to 12 °C. Plants require insects for pollination. The cuplike fruit capsule contains many reddish seeds.
Habitat
Populations of Chrysosplenium iowense are generally small, containing no more than a few hundred individuals. They inhabitant wet and moist streambanks and woods. In the southern part of its range this northern species occurs and persists in spots that are always cool to cold, such as ice caves and tunnels carrying cold air. In the US it is found on algific (cold producing) talus slopes derived from dolomite; where cold air seeps down from ice-caves on north facing slopes. These cool moist habitats are very limited in size, some being only a one square meter. Other species that are restricted to these relic boreal locations include Carex media, Adoxa moschatellina, and several endemic land snails.Associated plants include Abies balsamea, Acer spicatum, Adoxa moschatellina, Betula alleghaniensis, Carex peckii, Circaea alpina, Cornus canadensis, Equisetum scirpoides, Linnaea borealis, Lycopodium spp., Maianthemum canadense, Mertensia paniculata, Rhamnus alnifolia, Ribes hudsonianum, Taxus canadensis, Trillium nivale, and Viburnum trilobum.
Distribution
The US populations of Chrysosplenium iowense are likely relicts of Pleistocene flora that has survived glaciation, it now survives in boreal microhabitats. It is listed as an endangered species in Minnesota, and a threatened species in Iowa.
Threats to this species include trampling and other disturbance by humans and cattle. Logging is a threat for several reasons; the machinery damages the habitat and the process of logging leads to the succession of woody vegetation, erosion, and changes in shade and hydrology. Agriculture also alters the habitat. In Alberta the plant grows in areas with busy oil and gas exploration activity. Some sources consider this species as C. alternifolium var. sibiricum.
References
== External links ==
|
parent taxon
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{
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0
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"text": [
"Chrysosplenium"
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Chrysosplenium iowense is a species of flowering plant in the saxifrage family known by the common name Iowa golden-saxifrage. It is native to North America, where it is "primarily a Canadian species", occurring from the northern Northwest Territories south to British Columbia and east to Manitoba. There are also disjunct, relictual occurrences within the United States, in the Driftless Area of Minnesota and Iowa.
Description
Chrysosplenium iowense is a small easily unnoticed plant with upright hairless stems. It is stoloniferous, with thin stolons and stems up to 15 centimeters tall. Flowering stems are not produced during the first season. Leaves occur on the stolons and the stems. The leaves are alternately arranged on the stems, with the lower leaves roundish in shape with seven to eleven lobes. The top two leaves are adnate (joined together) to the inflorescence branches. The inflorescence is a cyme of up to 12 flowers with leaflike yellow-green bracts and small yellow or greenish sepals. The flowers have yellow anthers. The production of flowers varies by temperature, with the maximum flowering occurring when the substrate is around 11 to 12 °C. Plants require insects for pollination. The cuplike fruit capsule contains many reddish seeds.
Habitat
Populations of Chrysosplenium iowense are generally small, containing no more than a few hundred individuals. They inhabitant wet and moist streambanks and woods. In the southern part of its range this northern species occurs and persists in spots that are always cool to cold, such as ice caves and tunnels carrying cold air. In the US it is found on algific (cold producing) talus slopes derived from dolomite; where cold air seeps down from ice-caves on north facing slopes. These cool moist habitats are very limited in size, some being only a one square meter. Other species that are restricted to these relic boreal locations include Carex media, Adoxa moschatellina, and several endemic land snails.Associated plants include Abies balsamea, Acer spicatum, Adoxa moschatellina, Betula alleghaniensis, Carex peckii, Circaea alpina, Cornus canadensis, Equisetum scirpoides, Linnaea borealis, Lycopodium spp., Maianthemum canadense, Mertensia paniculata, Rhamnus alnifolia, Ribes hudsonianum, Taxus canadensis, Trillium nivale, and Viburnum trilobum.
Distribution
The US populations of Chrysosplenium iowense are likely relicts of Pleistocene flora that has survived glaciation, it now survives in boreal microhabitats. It is listed as an endangered species in Minnesota, and a threatened species in Iowa.
Threats to this species include trampling and other disturbance by humans and cattle. Logging is a threat for several reasons; the machinery damages the habitat and the process of logging leads to the succession of woody vegetation, erosion, and changes in shade and hydrology. Agriculture also alters the habitat. In Alberta the plant grows in areas with busy oil and gas exploration activity. Some sources consider this species as C. alternifolium var. sibiricum.
References
== External links ==
|
taxon name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Chrysosplenium iowense"
]
}
|
Chrysosplenium iowense is a species of flowering plant in the saxifrage family known by the common name Iowa golden-saxifrage. It is native to North America, where it is "primarily a Canadian species", occurring from the northern Northwest Territories south to British Columbia and east to Manitoba. There are also disjunct, relictual occurrences within the United States, in the Driftless Area of Minnesota and Iowa.
Description
Chrysosplenium iowense is a small easily unnoticed plant with upright hairless stems. It is stoloniferous, with thin stolons and stems up to 15 centimeters tall. Flowering stems are not produced during the first season. Leaves occur on the stolons and the stems. The leaves are alternately arranged on the stems, with the lower leaves roundish in shape with seven to eleven lobes. The top two leaves are adnate (joined together) to the inflorescence branches. The inflorescence is a cyme of up to 12 flowers with leaflike yellow-green bracts and small yellow or greenish sepals. The flowers have yellow anthers. The production of flowers varies by temperature, with the maximum flowering occurring when the substrate is around 11 to 12 °C. Plants require insects for pollination. The cuplike fruit capsule contains many reddish seeds.
Habitat
Populations of Chrysosplenium iowense are generally small, containing no more than a few hundred individuals. They inhabitant wet and moist streambanks and woods. In the southern part of its range this northern species occurs and persists in spots that are always cool to cold, such as ice caves and tunnels carrying cold air. In the US it is found on algific (cold producing) talus slopes derived from dolomite; where cold air seeps down from ice-caves on north facing slopes. These cool moist habitats are very limited in size, some being only a one square meter. Other species that are restricted to these relic boreal locations include Carex media, Adoxa moschatellina, and several endemic land snails.Associated plants include Abies balsamea, Acer spicatum, Adoxa moschatellina, Betula alleghaniensis, Carex peckii, Circaea alpina, Cornus canadensis, Equisetum scirpoides, Linnaea borealis, Lycopodium spp., Maianthemum canadense, Mertensia paniculata, Rhamnus alnifolia, Ribes hudsonianum, Taxus canadensis, Trillium nivale, and Viburnum trilobum.
Distribution
The US populations of Chrysosplenium iowense are likely relicts of Pleistocene flora that has survived glaciation, it now survives in boreal microhabitats. It is listed as an endangered species in Minnesota, and a threatened species in Iowa.
Threats to this species include trampling and other disturbance by humans and cattle. Logging is a threat for several reasons; the machinery damages the habitat and the process of logging leads to the succession of woody vegetation, erosion, and changes in shade and hydrology. Agriculture also alters the habitat. In Alberta the plant grows in areas with busy oil and gas exploration activity. Some sources consider this species as C. alternifolium var. sibiricum.
References
== External links ==
|
Commons category
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Chrysosplenium iowense"
]
}
|
Montet (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃tɛ]) is a municipality in the district of Glâne in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.
History
Montet is first mentioned in 1255 as Montez.
Geography
Montet has an area, as of 2009, of 2.2 square kilometers (0.85 sq mi). Of this area, 1.54 km2 (0.59 sq mi) or 70.3% is used for agricultural purposes, while 0.44 km2 (0.17 sq mi) or 20.1% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.17 km2 (0.066 sq mi) or 7.8% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.04 km2 (9.9 acres) or 1.8% is either rivers or lakes.Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 3.7% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.2%. Out of the forested land, 18.7% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.4% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 47.9% is used for growing crops and 21.0% is pastures, while 1.4% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.The municipality is located on the border with the Canton of Vaud.
Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Azure a Wing Or and on a Chief Argent a Cross bottony of the first.
Demographics
Montet has a population (as of December 2020) of 444. As of 2008, 12.4% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (2000–2010) the population has changed at a rate of 122.8%. Migration accounted for 119.8%, while births and deaths accounted for 12%.Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks French (168 or 97.1%) as their first language with the rest speaking GermanAs of 2008, the population was made up of 317 Swiss citizens and 45 non-citizen residents (12.43% of the population). Of the population in the municipality, 37 or about 21.4% were born in Montet and lived there in 2000. There were 56 or 32.4% who were born in the same canton, while 59 or 34.1% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 17 or 9.8% were born outside of Switzerland.As of 2000, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 26.6% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 60.1% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 13.3%. As of 2000, there were 69 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 90 married individuals, 6 widows or widowers and 8 individuals who are divorced.As of 2000, there were 69 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.4 persons per household. There were 17 households that consist of only one person and 7 households with five or more people. In 2000, a total of 68 apartments (95.8% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 2 apartments (2.8%) were seasonally occupied and one apartment was empty. The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2010, was 1.55%.The historical population is given in the following chart:
Politics
In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 29.7% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP (21.8%), the SP (17.2%) and the Green Party (9.1%).The SVP received about the same percentage of the vote as they did in the 2007 Federal election (32.5% in 2007 vs 29.7% in 2011). The CVP moved from third in 2007 (with 17.0%) to second in 2011, the SPS moved from second in 2007 (with 22.7%) to third and the Green moved from below fourth place in 2007 to fourth. A total of 101 votes were cast in this election, of which 1 was invalid.
Economy
As of 2010, Montet had an unemployment rate of 6.3%. As of 2008, there were 13 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 5 businesses involved in this sector. 2 people were employed in the secondary sector and there was 1 business in this sector. 3 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 3 businesses in this sector. There were 92 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 41.3% of the workforce.
In 2008 the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 14. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 10, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was one, which was in manufacturing. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 3, of which 2 were in education.In 2000, there were 4 workers who commuted into the municipality and 78 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 19.5 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 9.8% used public transportation to get to work, and 78.3% used a private car.
Religion
From the 2000 census, 112 or 64.7% were Roman Catholic, while 43 or 24.9% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there was 1 individual who belongs to another Christian church. There were 2 (or about 1.16% of the population) who were Islamic. 12 (or about 6.94% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 3 individuals (or about 1.73% of the population) did not answer the question.
Education
In Montet about 57 or (32.9%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 13 or (7.5%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 13 who completed tertiary schooling, 84.6% were Swiss men, 15.4% were Swiss women.The Canton of Fribourg school system provides one year of non-obligatory Kindergarten, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend a three or four year optional upper Secondary school. The upper Secondary school is divided into gymnasium (university preparatory) and vocational programs. After they finish the upper Secondary program, students may choose to attend a Tertiary school or continue their apprenticeship.During the 2010-11 school year, there were a total of 35 students attending 2 classes in Montet. A total of 60 students from the municipality attended any school, either in the municipality or outside of it. There was one kindergarten class with a total of 16 students in the municipality. The municipality had one primary class and 19 students. During the same year, there were no lower secondary classes in the municipality, but 17 students attended lower secondary school in a neighboring municipality. There were no upper Secondary classes or vocational classes, but there were 2 upper Secondary students and 7 upper Secondary vocational students who attended classes in another municipality. The municipality had no non-university Tertiary classes. who attended classes in another municipality.As of 2000, there were 23 students in Montet who came from another municipality, while 27 residents attended schools outside the municipality.
== References ==
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country
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Montet (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃tɛ]) is a municipality in the district of Glâne in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.
History
Montet is first mentioned in 1255 as Montez.
Geography
Montet has an area, as of 2009, of 2.2 square kilometers (0.85 sq mi). Of this area, 1.54 km2 (0.59 sq mi) or 70.3% is used for agricultural purposes, while 0.44 km2 (0.17 sq mi) or 20.1% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.17 km2 (0.066 sq mi) or 7.8% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.04 km2 (9.9 acres) or 1.8% is either rivers or lakes.Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 3.7% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.2%. Out of the forested land, 18.7% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.4% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 47.9% is used for growing crops and 21.0% is pastures, while 1.4% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.The municipality is located on the border with the Canton of Vaud.
Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Azure a Wing Or and on a Chief Argent a Cross bottony of the first.
Demographics
Montet has a population (as of December 2020) of 444. As of 2008, 12.4% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (2000–2010) the population has changed at a rate of 122.8%. Migration accounted for 119.8%, while births and deaths accounted for 12%.Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks French (168 or 97.1%) as their first language with the rest speaking GermanAs of 2008, the population was made up of 317 Swiss citizens and 45 non-citizen residents (12.43% of the population). Of the population in the municipality, 37 or about 21.4% were born in Montet and lived there in 2000. There were 56 or 32.4% who were born in the same canton, while 59 or 34.1% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 17 or 9.8% were born outside of Switzerland.As of 2000, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 26.6% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 60.1% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 13.3%. As of 2000, there were 69 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 90 married individuals, 6 widows or widowers and 8 individuals who are divorced.As of 2000, there were 69 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.4 persons per household. There were 17 households that consist of only one person and 7 households with five or more people. In 2000, a total of 68 apartments (95.8% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 2 apartments (2.8%) were seasonally occupied and one apartment was empty. The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2010, was 1.55%.The historical population is given in the following chart:
Politics
In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 29.7% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP (21.8%), the SP (17.2%) and the Green Party (9.1%).The SVP received about the same percentage of the vote as they did in the 2007 Federal election (32.5% in 2007 vs 29.7% in 2011). The CVP moved from third in 2007 (with 17.0%) to second in 2011, the SPS moved from second in 2007 (with 22.7%) to third and the Green moved from below fourth place in 2007 to fourth. A total of 101 votes were cast in this election, of which 1 was invalid.
Economy
As of 2010, Montet had an unemployment rate of 6.3%. As of 2008, there were 13 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 5 businesses involved in this sector. 2 people were employed in the secondary sector and there was 1 business in this sector. 3 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 3 businesses in this sector. There were 92 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 41.3% of the workforce.
In 2008 the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 14. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 10, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was one, which was in manufacturing. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 3, of which 2 were in education.In 2000, there were 4 workers who commuted into the municipality and 78 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 19.5 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 9.8% used public transportation to get to work, and 78.3% used a private car.
Religion
From the 2000 census, 112 or 64.7% were Roman Catholic, while 43 or 24.9% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there was 1 individual who belongs to another Christian church. There were 2 (or about 1.16% of the population) who were Islamic. 12 (or about 6.94% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 3 individuals (or about 1.73% of the population) did not answer the question.
Education
In Montet about 57 or (32.9%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 13 or (7.5%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 13 who completed tertiary schooling, 84.6% were Swiss men, 15.4% were Swiss women.The Canton of Fribourg school system provides one year of non-obligatory Kindergarten, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend a three or four year optional upper Secondary school. The upper Secondary school is divided into gymnasium (university preparatory) and vocational programs. After they finish the upper Secondary program, students may choose to attend a Tertiary school or continue their apprenticeship.During the 2010-11 school year, there were a total of 35 students attending 2 classes in Montet. A total of 60 students from the municipality attended any school, either in the municipality or outside of it. There was one kindergarten class with a total of 16 students in the municipality. The municipality had one primary class and 19 students. During the same year, there were no lower secondary classes in the municipality, but 17 students attended lower secondary school in a neighboring municipality. There were no upper Secondary classes or vocational classes, but there were 2 upper Secondary students and 7 upper Secondary vocational students who attended classes in another municipality. The municipality had no non-university Tertiary classes. who attended classes in another municipality.As of 2000, there were 23 students in Montet who came from another municipality, while 27 residents attended schools outside the municipality.
== References ==
|
Commons category
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{
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0
],
"text": [
"Montet"
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}
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Montet (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃tɛ]) is a municipality in the district of Glâne in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.
History
Montet is first mentioned in 1255 as Montez.
Geography
Montet has an area, as of 2009, of 2.2 square kilometers (0.85 sq mi). Of this area, 1.54 km2 (0.59 sq mi) or 70.3% is used for agricultural purposes, while 0.44 km2 (0.17 sq mi) or 20.1% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.17 km2 (0.066 sq mi) or 7.8% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.04 km2 (9.9 acres) or 1.8% is either rivers or lakes.Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 3.7% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.2%. Out of the forested land, 18.7% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.4% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 47.9% is used for growing crops and 21.0% is pastures, while 1.4% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.The municipality is located on the border with the Canton of Vaud.
Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Azure a Wing Or and on a Chief Argent a Cross bottony of the first.
Demographics
Montet has a population (as of December 2020) of 444. As of 2008, 12.4% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (2000–2010) the population has changed at a rate of 122.8%. Migration accounted for 119.8%, while births and deaths accounted for 12%.Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks French (168 or 97.1%) as their first language with the rest speaking GermanAs of 2008, the population was made up of 317 Swiss citizens and 45 non-citizen residents (12.43% of the population). Of the population in the municipality, 37 or about 21.4% were born in Montet and lived there in 2000. There were 56 or 32.4% who were born in the same canton, while 59 or 34.1% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 17 or 9.8% were born outside of Switzerland.As of 2000, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 26.6% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 60.1% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 13.3%. As of 2000, there were 69 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 90 married individuals, 6 widows or widowers and 8 individuals who are divorced.As of 2000, there were 69 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.4 persons per household. There were 17 households that consist of only one person and 7 households with five or more people. In 2000, a total of 68 apartments (95.8% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 2 apartments (2.8%) were seasonally occupied and one apartment was empty. The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2010, was 1.55%.The historical population is given in the following chart:
Politics
In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 29.7% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP (21.8%), the SP (17.2%) and the Green Party (9.1%).The SVP received about the same percentage of the vote as they did in the 2007 Federal election (32.5% in 2007 vs 29.7% in 2011). The CVP moved from third in 2007 (with 17.0%) to second in 2011, the SPS moved from second in 2007 (with 22.7%) to third and the Green moved from below fourth place in 2007 to fourth. A total of 101 votes were cast in this election, of which 1 was invalid.
Economy
As of 2010, Montet had an unemployment rate of 6.3%. As of 2008, there were 13 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 5 businesses involved in this sector. 2 people were employed in the secondary sector and there was 1 business in this sector. 3 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 3 businesses in this sector. There were 92 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 41.3% of the workforce.
In 2008 the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 14. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 10, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was one, which was in manufacturing. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 3, of which 2 were in education.In 2000, there were 4 workers who commuted into the municipality and 78 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 19.5 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 9.8% used public transportation to get to work, and 78.3% used a private car.
Religion
From the 2000 census, 112 or 64.7% were Roman Catholic, while 43 or 24.9% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there was 1 individual who belongs to another Christian church. There were 2 (or about 1.16% of the population) who were Islamic. 12 (or about 6.94% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 3 individuals (or about 1.73% of the population) did not answer the question.
Education
In Montet about 57 or (32.9%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 13 or (7.5%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 13 who completed tertiary schooling, 84.6% were Swiss men, 15.4% were Swiss women.The Canton of Fribourg school system provides one year of non-obligatory Kindergarten, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend a three or four year optional upper Secondary school. The upper Secondary school is divided into gymnasium (university preparatory) and vocational programs. After they finish the upper Secondary program, students may choose to attend a Tertiary school or continue their apprenticeship.During the 2010-11 school year, there were a total of 35 students attending 2 classes in Montet. A total of 60 students from the municipality attended any school, either in the municipality or outside of it. There was one kindergarten class with a total of 16 students in the municipality. The municipality had one primary class and 19 students. During the same year, there were no lower secondary classes in the municipality, but 17 students attended lower secondary school in a neighboring municipality. There were no upper Secondary classes or vocational classes, but there were 2 upper Secondary students and 7 upper Secondary vocational students who attended classes in another municipality. The municipality had no non-university Tertiary classes. who attended classes in another municipality.As of 2000, there were 23 students in Montet who came from another municipality, while 27 residents attended schools outside the municipality.
== References ==
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different from
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{
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0
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"text": [
"Montet"
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Montet (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃tɛ]) is a municipality in the district of Glâne in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.
History
Montet is first mentioned in 1255 as Montez.
Geography
Montet has an area, as of 2009, of 2.2 square kilometers (0.85 sq mi). Of this area, 1.54 km2 (0.59 sq mi) or 70.3% is used for agricultural purposes, while 0.44 km2 (0.17 sq mi) or 20.1% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.17 km2 (0.066 sq mi) or 7.8% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.04 km2 (9.9 acres) or 1.8% is either rivers or lakes.Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 3.7% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.2%. Out of the forested land, 18.7% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.4% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 47.9% is used for growing crops and 21.0% is pastures, while 1.4% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.The municipality is located on the border with the Canton of Vaud.
Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Azure a Wing Or and on a Chief Argent a Cross bottony of the first.
Demographics
Montet has a population (as of December 2020) of 444. As of 2008, 12.4% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (2000–2010) the population has changed at a rate of 122.8%. Migration accounted for 119.8%, while births and deaths accounted for 12%.Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks French (168 or 97.1%) as their first language with the rest speaking GermanAs of 2008, the population was made up of 317 Swiss citizens and 45 non-citizen residents (12.43% of the population). Of the population in the municipality, 37 or about 21.4% were born in Montet and lived there in 2000. There were 56 or 32.4% who were born in the same canton, while 59 or 34.1% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 17 or 9.8% were born outside of Switzerland.As of 2000, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 26.6% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 60.1% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 13.3%. As of 2000, there were 69 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 90 married individuals, 6 widows or widowers and 8 individuals who are divorced.As of 2000, there were 69 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.4 persons per household. There were 17 households that consist of only one person and 7 households with five or more people. In 2000, a total of 68 apartments (95.8% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 2 apartments (2.8%) were seasonally occupied and one apartment was empty. The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2010, was 1.55%.The historical population is given in the following chart:
Politics
In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 29.7% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP (21.8%), the SP (17.2%) and the Green Party (9.1%).The SVP received about the same percentage of the vote as they did in the 2007 Federal election (32.5% in 2007 vs 29.7% in 2011). The CVP moved from third in 2007 (with 17.0%) to second in 2011, the SPS moved from second in 2007 (with 22.7%) to third and the Green moved from below fourth place in 2007 to fourth. A total of 101 votes were cast in this election, of which 1 was invalid.
Economy
As of 2010, Montet had an unemployment rate of 6.3%. As of 2008, there were 13 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 5 businesses involved in this sector. 2 people were employed in the secondary sector and there was 1 business in this sector. 3 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 3 businesses in this sector. There were 92 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 41.3% of the workforce.
In 2008 the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 14. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 10, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was one, which was in manufacturing. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 3, of which 2 were in education.In 2000, there were 4 workers who commuted into the municipality and 78 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 19.5 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 9.8% used public transportation to get to work, and 78.3% used a private car.
Religion
From the 2000 census, 112 or 64.7% were Roman Catholic, while 43 or 24.9% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there was 1 individual who belongs to another Christian church. There were 2 (or about 1.16% of the population) who were Islamic. 12 (or about 6.94% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 3 individuals (or about 1.73% of the population) did not answer the question.
Education
In Montet about 57 or (32.9%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 13 or (7.5%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 13 who completed tertiary schooling, 84.6% were Swiss men, 15.4% were Swiss women.The Canton of Fribourg school system provides one year of non-obligatory Kindergarten, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend a three or four year optional upper Secondary school. The upper Secondary school is divided into gymnasium (university preparatory) and vocational programs. After they finish the upper Secondary program, students may choose to attend a Tertiary school or continue their apprenticeship.During the 2010-11 school year, there were a total of 35 students attending 2 classes in Montet. A total of 60 students from the municipality attended any school, either in the municipality or outside of it. There was one kindergarten class with a total of 16 students in the municipality. The municipality had one primary class and 19 students. During the same year, there were no lower secondary classes in the municipality, but 17 students attended lower secondary school in a neighboring municipality. There were no upper Secondary classes or vocational classes, but there were 2 upper Secondary students and 7 upper Secondary vocational students who attended classes in another municipality. The municipality had no non-university Tertiary classes. who attended classes in another municipality.As of 2000, there were 23 students in Montet who came from another municipality, while 27 residents attended schools outside the municipality.
== References ==
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official language
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Montet (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃tɛ]) is a municipality in the district of Glâne in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.
History
Montet is first mentioned in 1255 as Montez.
Geography
Montet has an area, as of 2009, of 2.2 square kilometers (0.85 sq mi). Of this area, 1.54 km2 (0.59 sq mi) or 70.3% is used for agricultural purposes, while 0.44 km2 (0.17 sq mi) or 20.1% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.17 km2 (0.066 sq mi) or 7.8% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.04 km2 (9.9 acres) or 1.8% is either rivers or lakes.Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 3.7% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.2%. Out of the forested land, 18.7% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.4% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 47.9% is used for growing crops and 21.0% is pastures, while 1.4% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.The municipality is located on the border with the Canton of Vaud.
Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Azure a Wing Or and on a Chief Argent a Cross bottony of the first.
Demographics
Montet has a population (as of December 2020) of 444. As of 2008, 12.4% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (2000–2010) the population has changed at a rate of 122.8%. Migration accounted for 119.8%, while births and deaths accounted for 12%.Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks French (168 or 97.1%) as their first language with the rest speaking GermanAs of 2008, the population was made up of 317 Swiss citizens and 45 non-citizen residents (12.43% of the population). Of the population in the municipality, 37 or about 21.4% were born in Montet and lived there in 2000. There were 56 or 32.4% who were born in the same canton, while 59 or 34.1% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 17 or 9.8% were born outside of Switzerland.As of 2000, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 26.6% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 60.1% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 13.3%. As of 2000, there were 69 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 90 married individuals, 6 widows or widowers and 8 individuals who are divorced.As of 2000, there were 69 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.4 persons per household. There were 17 households that consist of only one person and 7 households with five or more people. In 2000, a total of 68 apartments (95.8% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 2 apartments (2.8%) were seasonally occupied and one apartment was empty. The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2010, was 1.55%.The historical population is given in the following chart:
Politics
In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 29.7% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP (21.8%), the SP (17.2%) and the Green Party (9.1%).The SVP received about the same percentage of the vote as they did in the 2007 Federal election (32.5% in 2007 vs 29.7% in 2011). The CVP moved from third in 2007 (with 17.0%) to second in 2011, the SPS moved from second in 2007 (with 22.7%) to third and the Green moved from below fourth place in 2007 to fourth. A total of 101 votes were cast in this election, of which 1 was invalid.
Economy
As of 2010, Montet had an unemployment rate of 6.3%. As of 2008, there were 13 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 5 businesses involved in this sector. 2 people were employed in the secondary sector and there was 1 business in this sector. 3 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 3 businesses in this sector. There were 92 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 41.3% of the workforce.
In 2008 the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 14. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 10, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was one, which was in manufacturing. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 3, of which 2 were in education.In 2000, there were 4 workers who commuted into the municipality and 78 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 19.5 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 9.8% used public transportation to get to work, and 78.3% used a private car.
Religion
From the 2000 census, 112 or 64.7% were Roman Catholic, while 43 or 24.9% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there was 1 individual who belongs to another Christian church. There were 2 (or about 1.16% of the population) who were Islamic. 12 (or about 6.94% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 3 individuals (or about 1.73% of the population) did not answer the question.
Education
In Montet about 57 or (32.9%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 13 or (7.5%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 13 who completed tertiary schooling, 84.6% were Swiss men, 15.4% were Swiss women.The Canton of Fribourg school system provides one year of non-obligatory Kindergarten, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend a three or four year optional upper Secondary school. The upper Secondary school is divided into gymnasium (university preparatory) and vocational programs. After they finish the upper Secondary program, students may choose to attend a Tertiary school or continue their apprenticeship.During the 2010-11 school year, there were a total of 35 students attending 2 classes in Montet. A total of 60 students from the municipality attended any school, either in the municipality or outside of it. There was one kindergarten class with a total of 16 students in the municipality. The municipality had one primary class and 19 students. During the same year, there were no lower secondary classes in the municipality, but 17 students attended lower secondary school in a neighboring municipality. There were no upper Secondary classes or vocational classes, but there were 2 upper Secondary students and 7 upper Secondary vocational students who attended classes in another municipality. The municipality had no non-university Tertiary classes. who attended classes in another municipality.As of 2000, there were 23 students in Montet who came from another municipality, while 27 residents attended schools outside the municipality.
== References ==
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located in the administrative territorial entity
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Montet (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃tɛ]) is a municipality in the district of Glâne in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.
History
Montet is first mentioned in 1255 as Montez.
Geography
Montet has an area, as of 2009, of 2.2 square kilometers (0.85 sq mi). Of this area, 1.54 km2 (0.59 sq mi) or 70.3% is used for agricultural purposes, while 0.44 km2 (0.17 sq mi) or 20.1% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.17 km2 (0.066 sq mi) or 7.8% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.04 km2 (9.9 acres) or 1.8% is either rivers or lakes.Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 3.7% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.2%. Out of the forested land, 18.7% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.4% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 47.9% is used for growing crops and 21.0% is pastures, while 1.4% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.The municipality is located on the border with the Canton of Vaud.
Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Azure a Wing Or and on a Chief Argent a Cross bottony of the first.
Demographics
Montet has a population (as of December 2020) of 444. As of 2008, 12.4% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (2000–2010) the population has changed at a rate of 122.8%. Migration accounted for 119.8%, while births and deaths accounted for 12%.Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks French (168 or 97.1%) as their first language with the rest speaking GermanAs of 2008, the population was made up of 317 Swiss citizens and 45 non-citizen residents (12.43% of the population). Of the population in the municipality, 37 or about 21.4% were born in Montet and lived there in 2000. There were 56 or 32.4% who were born in the same canton, while 59 or 34.1% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 17 or 9.8% were born outside of Switzerland.As of 2000, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 26.6% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 60.1% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 13.3%. As of 2000, there were 69 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 90 married individuals, 6 widows or widowers and 8 individuals who are divorced.As of 2000, there were 69 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.4 persons per household. There were 17 households that consist of only one person and 7 households with five or more people. In 2000, a total of 68 apartments (95.8% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 2 apartments (2.8%) were seasonally occupied and one apartment was empty. The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2010, was 1.55%.The historical population is given in the following chart:
Politics
In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 29.7% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP (21.8%), the SP (17.2%) and the Green Party (9.1%).The SVP received about the same percentage of the vote as they did in the 2007 Federal election (32.5% in 2007 vs 29.7% in 2011). The CVP moved from third in 2007 (with 17.0%) to second in 2011, the SPS moved from second in 2007 (with 22.7%) to third and the Green moved from below fourth place in 2007 to fourth. A total of 101 votes were cast in this election, of which 1 was invalid.
Economy
As of 2010, Montet had an unemployment rate of 6.3%. As of 2008, there were 13 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 5 businesses involved in this sector. 2 people were employed in the secondary sector and there was 1 business in this sector. 3 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 3 businesses in this sector. There were 92 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 41.3% of the workforce.
In 2008 the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 14. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 10, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was one, which was in manufacturing. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 3, of which 2 were in education.In 2000, there were 4 workers who commuted into the municipality and 78 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 19.5 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 9.8% used public transportation to get to work, and 78.3% used a private car.
Religion
From the 2000 census, 112 or 64.7% were Roman Catholic, while 43 or 24.9% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there was 1 individual who belongs to another Christian church. There were 2 (or about 1.16% of the population) who were Islamic. 12 (or about 6.94% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 3 individuals (or about 1.73% of the population) did not answer the question.
Education
In Montet about 57 or (32.9%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 13 or (7.5%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 13 who completed tertiary schooling, 84.6% were Swiss men, 15.4% were Swiss women.The Canton of Fribourg school system provides one year of non-obligatory Kindergarten, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend a three or four year optional upper Secondary school. The upper Secondary school is divided into gymnasium (university preparatory) and vocational programs. After they finish the upper Secondary program, students may choose to attend a Tertiary school or continue their apprenticeship.During the 2010-11 school year, there were a total of 35 students attending 2 classes in Montet. A total of 60 students from the municipality attended any school, either in the municipality or outside of it. There was one kindergarten class with a total of 16 students in the municipality. The municipality had one primary class and 19 students. During the same year, there were no lower secondary classes in the municipality, but 17 students attended lower secondary school in a neighboring municipality. There were no upper Secondary classes or vocational classes, but there were 2 upper Secondary students and 7 upper Secondary vocational students who attended classes in another municipality. The municipality had no non-university Tertiary classes. who attended classes in another municipality.As of 2000, there were 23 students in Montet who came from another municipality, while 27 residents attended schools outside the municipality.
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Montet (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃tɛ]) is a municipality in the district of Glâne in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.
History
Montet is first mentioned in 1255 as Montez.
Geography
Montet has an area, as of 2009, of 2.2 square kilometers (0.85 sq mi). Of this area, 1.54 km2 (0.59 sq mi) or 70.3% is used for agricultural purposes, while 0.44 km2 (0.17 sq mi) or 20.1% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.17 km2 (0.066 sq mi) or 7.8% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.04 km2 (9.9 acres) or 1.8% is either rivers or lakes.Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 3.7% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.2%. Out of the forested land, 18.7% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.4% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 47.9% is used for growing crops and 21.0% is pastures, while 1.4% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.The municipality is located on the border with the Canton of Vaud.
Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Azure a Wing Or and on a Chief Argent a Cross bottony of the first.
Demographics
Montet has a population (as of December 2020) of 444. As of 2008, 12.4% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (2000–2010) the population has changed at a rate of 122.8%. Migration accounted for 119.8%, while births and deaths accounted for 12%.Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks French (168 or 97.1%) as their first language with the rest speaking GermanAs of 2008, the population was made up of 317 Swiss citizens and 45 non-citizen residents (12.43% of the population). Of the population in the municipality, 37 or about 21.4% were born in Montet and lived there in 2000. There were 56 or 32.4% who were born in the same canton, while 59 or 34.1% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 17 or 9.8% were born outside of Switzerland.As of 2000, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 26.6% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 60.1% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 13.3%. As of 2000, there were 69 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 90 married individuals, 6 widows or widowers and 8 individuals who are divorced.As of 2000, there were 69 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.4 persons per household. There were 17 households that consist of only one person and 7 households with five or more people. In 2000, a total of 68 apartments (95.8% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 2 apartments (2.8%) were seasonally occupied and one apartment was empty. The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2010, was 1.55%.The historical population is given in the following chart:
Politics
In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 29.7% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP (21.8%), the SP (17.2%) and the Green Party (9.1%).The SVP received about the same percentage of the vote as they did in the 2007 Federal election (32.5% in 2007 vs 29.7% in 2011). The CVP moved from third in 2007 (with 17.0%) to second in 2011, the SPS moved from second in 2007 (with 22.7%) to third and the Green moved from below fourth place in 2007 to fourth. A total of 101 votes were cast in this election, of which 1 was invalid.
Economy
As of 2010, Montet had an unemployment rate of 6.3%. As of 2008, there were 13 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 5 businesses involved in this sector. 2 people were employed in the secondary sector and there was 1 business in this sector. 3 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 3 businesses in this sector. There were 92 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 41.3% of the workforce.
In 2008 the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 14. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 10, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was one, which was in manufacturing. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 3, of which 2 were in education.In 2000, there were 4 workers who commuted into the municipality and 78 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 19.5 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 9.8% used public transportation to get to work, and 78.3% used a private car.
Religion
From the 2000 census, 112 or 64.7% were Roman Catholic, while 43 or 24.9% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there was 1 individual who belongs to another Christian church. There were 2 (or about 1.16% of the population) who were Islamic. 12 (or about 6.94% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 3 individuals (or about 1.73% of the population) did not answer the question.
Education
In Montet about 57 or (32.9%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 13 or (7.5%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 13 who completed tertiary schooling, 84.6% were Swiss men, 15.4% were Swiss women.The Canton of Fribourg school system provides one year of non-obligatory Kindergarten, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend a three or four year optional upper Secondary school. The upper Secondary school is divided into gymnasium (university preparatory) and vocational programs. After they finish the upper Secondary program, students may choose to attend a Tertiary school or continue their apprenticeship.During the 2010-11 school year, there were a total of 35 students attending 2 classes in Montet. A total of 60 students from the municipality attended any school, either in the municipality or outside of it. There was one kindergarten class with a total of 16 students in the municipality. The municipality had one primary class and 19 students. During the same year, there were no lower secondary classes in the municipality, but 17 students attended lower secondary school in a neighboring municipality. There were no upper Secondary classes or vocational classes, but there were 2 upper Secondary students and 7 upper Secondary vocational students who attended classes in another municipality. The municipality had no non-university Tertiary classes. who attended classes in another municipality.As of 2000, there were 23 students in Montet who came from another municipality, while 27 residents attended schools outside the municipality.
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Constantin Noica (Romanian: [konstanˈtin ˈnojka]; July 25 [O.S. July 12] 1909 – 4 December 1987) was a Romanian philosopher, essayist and poet. His preoccupations were throughout all philosophy, from epistemology, philosophy of culture, axiology and philosophic anthropology to ontology and logics, from the history of philosophy to systematic philosophy, from ancient to contemporary philosophy, from translating and interpretation to criticism and creation. In 2006 he was included to the list of the 100 Greatest Romanians of all time by a nationwide poll.
Biography
Noica was born in Vitănești, Teleorman County.
He studied at the Dimitrie Cantemir and Spiru Haret lyceums, both in Bucharest. At Spiru Haret his math teacher was Dan Barbilian (pen name Ion Barbu, poet and mathematician). His debut was in Vlăstarul magazine, in 1927. Between 1928 and 1931 he attended courses of the University of Bucharest's Faculty of Letters and Philosophy, where he graduated in 1931 (thesis: "Problema lucrului în sine la Kant" / "The matter of thing-in-itself in Kant's philosophy"). Here he met as a teacher philosopher Nae Ionescu.
He worked as a librarian at the History of Philosophy Seminar and attended the courses of the Faculty of Mathematics for one year (1933). He was a member of the Criterion Association (1932–1934). Along his friends there, including Mircea Eliade, Mihail Polihroniade, and Haig Acterian, he later supported the fascist Iron Guard.
After attending courses in France between 1938 and 1939 on a French government scholarship, he returned to Bucharest where in 1940 he earned his doctor's degree in philosophy (thesis: Sketch on the history of How is it that there is anything new, published the same year). After General Ion Antonescu installed his dictatorship in collaboration with the Iron Guard in September 1940, Noica served as editor-in-chief of Buna Vestire, the official newspaper of the Iron Guard. In his articles during the period he extolled the organization and its leader, Horia Sima. According to historian Zigu Ornea, his allegiance to the fascist organisation continued after the Iron Guard was suppressed following their failed rebellion.In October 1940 he left for Berlin as a reviewer at Sextil Pușcariu's Romanian-German Institute.
After the war, the Soviet army remained in Romania, backing the establishment of a communist regime. Noica was harassed by the new regime.
In 1949 he was sentenced by the communist authorities to 10 years of forced residence in Câmpulung-Muscel, remaining there until 1958. In December of that year, after making public the book History and Utopia by Emil Cioran (who had left for France), he was sentenced to 25 years of forced labor in the Jilava Prison as a political prisoner, and all his possessions confiscated. He was pardoned after 6 years as part of a general amnesty and released in August 1964.
From 1965 he lived in Bucharest, where he was the principal researcher at the Romanian Academy's Center of Logics. In his two-room apartment, located in Western Drumul Taberei, he held seminars on Hegel's, Plato's, and Kant's philosophy. Among the participants there were Sorin Vieru (his colleague at the Center of Logics), Gabriel Liiceanu, and Andrei Pleșu.
In 1975 he retired and went to live in Păltiniș, near Sibiu, where he remained for the next 12 years, until his death on 4 December 1987. He was buried at the nearby hermitage, having left behind numerous philosophical essays.
In 1988 Constantin Noica was posthumously awarded the Herder Prize, and in 1990, after the fall of communism in Romania, he was inducted as a posthumous member of the Romanian Academy.
Philosophy
The 20th century is thought to be dominated by science. The model of scientific knowledge, which means transforming reality into formal and abstract concepts, is applied in judging the entire environment. This kind of thinking is called by Noica "the logic of Ares", as it considers the individual a simple variable in the Whole. The existence is, for this scientific way of considering things, a statistical fact.
In order to recover the individual senses, the sense of existence, Noica proposes, in opposition with "the logic of Ares", "the logic of Hermes", a way of thinking which considers the individual a reflection of the Whole. The logic of Hermes means understanding the Whole through the part, it means identifying in a single existence the general principles of reality. This way of thinking allows one to understand the meaning of the life of a man oppressed by the quick present moment.
Noica appreciated Greek and German philosophers, as well as several Romanian writers. He recommended to read philosophy, to learn classical languages, particularly ancient Greek, and modern languages, particularly German.
Books
1934 – Mathesis or simple pleasances ("Mathesis sau bucuriile simple")
1936 – Open concepts in the history of philosophy in Descartes, Leibniz and Kant ("Concepte deschise în istoria filozofiei la Descartes, Leibniz și Kant")
1937 – De caelo. Essay around knowledge and the individual ("De caelo. Încercare în jurul cunoașterii și individului")
1937 – Life and philosophy of René Descartes ("Viața și filozofia lui René Descartes")
1940 – Sketch for the history of How is it that there is anything new ("Schiță pentru istoria lui Cum e cu putință ceva nou")
1943 – Two introductions and a passage to idealism ("Două introduceri și o trecere spre idealism")
1944 – Philosophical journal ("Jurnal filosofic")
1944 – Pages on the Romanian soul ("Pagini despre sufletul românesc")
1962 – "Phenomenology of Spirit" by G.W.F. Hegel narrated by Constantin Noica ("Fenomenologia spiritului de G.W.F. Hegel istorisită de Constantin Noica")
1969 – Twenty-seven levels of the real ("Douăzeci și șapte trepte ale realului")
1969 – Platon: Lysis
1970 – The Romanian philosophical utterance ("Rostirea filozofică românească")
1973 – Creation and beauty in Romanian utterance ("Creație și frumos în rostirea românească")
1975 – Eminescu or Thoughts on the complete man of Romanian culture ("Eminescu sau Gânduri despre omul deplin al culturii românești")
1976 – Parting with Goethe ("Despărțirea de Goethe")
1978 – The Romanian sense of being ("Sentimentul românesc al ființei")
1978 – Six maladies of the contemporary spirit. The Romanian spirit at the conjuncture of time ("Șase maladii ale spiritului contemporan. Spiritul românesc în cumpătul vremii")
1980 – Narrations on man, after Hegel's "Phenomenology of Spirit" ("Povestiri despre om")
1981 – Becoming in-to Being, vol. 1: Essay on traditional philosophy, vol. 2: Treatise of ontology ("Devenirea întru ființă", vol. 1: "Încercare asupra filozofiei tradiționale", vol. 2: "Tratat de ontologie")
1984 – Three Introductions to Becoming in-to Being ("Trei introduceri la devenirea întru ființă")
1986 – Letters on the Logic of Hermes ("Scrisori despre logica lui Hermes")
1988 – De dignitate Europae (in German)
1990 – Pray for brother Alexander! ("Rugați-vă pentru fratele Alexandru")
1991 – Journal of Ideas ("Jurnal de idei")
1992 – Sunday essays ("Eseuri de duminică")
1992 – Simple introductions to the kindness of our time ("Simple introduceri la bunătatea timpului nostru")
1992 – Introduction to the Eminescian miracle ("Introducere la miracolul eminescian")
1997 – Cîmpulung manuscripts ("Manuscrisele de la Cîmpulung")
1998 – The spiritual equilibrium. Studies and essays (1929–1947) ("Echilibrul spiritual. Studii și eseuri (1929–1947)")
References
External links
(in Romanian) Noica's page at the Humanitas publishing house [2]
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Filosofia lui Noica între fantasmă și luciditate, Ed. E&B, 1992
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, In labirintul răsfrângerilor. Nae Ionescu prin discipolii săi: Petre Țuțea, Emil Cioran, Constantin Noica, Mircea Eliade, Mircea Vulcănescu si Vasile Băncilă, cu o prefață de Ion Papuc, Slobozia, 2000, ISBN 973-8134056
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Pelerinaj la Păltinișul lui Noica
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Himericul discipolat de la Păltiniș, pretext de fină ironie din partea lui Noica
Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, An adventure beyond which everything is possible, except repetition
Doing Time. An anthology of Noica's works "for the benefit of the students that Noica was never allowed to have", with the volume Brother Alexander translated into English by his wife, Katherine Muston, and an introductory essay (Atitudinea Noica) by C. George Sandulescu, the Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [3]
Noica Anthology. Volume Two: General Philosophy, edited by C. George Sandulescu, Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [4]
Noica Anthology. Volume Three: Rostirea româneascǎ de la Eminescu cetire, edited by C. George Sandulescu, the Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [5]
Counterfeiting Noica! Controversatul Noica rǎsare din nou!, edited by C. George Sandulescu, Contemporary Literature Press (University of Bucharest) [6]
|
place of birth
|
{
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Constantin Noica (Romanian: [konstanˈtin ˈnojka]; July 25 [O.S. July 12] 1909 – 4 December 1987) was a Romanian philosopher, essayist and poet. His preoccupations were throughout all philosophy, from epistemology, philosophy of culture, axiology and philosophic anthropology to ontology and logics, from the history of philosophy to systematic philosophy, from ancient to contemporary philosophy, from translating and interpretation to criticism and creation. In 2006 he was included to the list of the 100 Greatest Romanians of all time by a nationwide poll.
Biography
Noica was born in Vitănești, Teleorman County.
He studied at the Dimitrie Cantemir and Spiru Haret lyceums, both in Bucharest. At Spiru Haret his math teacher was Dan Barbilian (pen name Ion Barbu, poet and mathematician). His debut was in Vlăstarul magazine, in 1927. Between 1928 and 1931 he attended courses of the University of Bucharest's Faculty of Letters and Philosophy, where he graduated in 1931 (thesis: "Problema lucrului în sine la Kant" / "The matter of thing-in-itself in Kant's philosophy"). Here he met as a teacher philosopher Nae Ionescu.
He worked as a librarian at the History of Philosophy Seminar and attended the courses of the Faculty of Mathematics for one year (1933). He was a member of the Criterion Association (1932–1934). Along his friends there, including Mircea Eliade, Mihail Polihroniade, and Haig Acterian, he later supported the fascist Iron Guard.
After attending courses in France between 1938 and 1939 on a French government scholarship, he returned to Bucharest where in 1940 he earned his doctor's degree in philosophy (thesis: Sketch on the history of How is it that there is anything new, published the same year). After General Ion Antonescu installed his dictatorship in collaboration with the Iron Guard in September 1940, Noica served as editor-in-chief of Buna Vestire, the official newspaper of the Iron Guard. In his articles during the period he extolled the organization and its leader, Horia Sima. According to historian Zigu Ornea, his allegiance to the fascist organisation continued after the Iron Guard was suppressed following their failed rebellion.In October 1940 he left for Berlin as a reviewer at Sextil Pușcariu's Romanian-German Institute.
After the war, the Soviet army remained in Romania, backing the establishment of a communist regime. Noica was harassed by the new regime.
In 1949 he was sentenced by the communist authorities to 10 years of forced residence in Câmpulung-Muscel, remaining there until 1958. In December of that year, after making public the book History and Utopia by Emil Cioran (who had left for France), he was sentenced to 25 years of forced labor in the Jilava Prison as a political prisoner, and all his possessions confiscated. He was pardoned after 6 years as part of a general amnesty and released in August 1964.
From 1965 he lived in Bucharest, where he was the principal researcher at the Romanian Academy's Center of Logics. In his two-room apartment, located in Western Drumul Taberei, he held seminars on Hegel's, Plato's, and Kant's philosophy. Among the participants there were Sorin Vieru (his colleague at the Center of Logics), Gabriel Liiceanu, and Andrei Pleșu.
In 1975 he retired and went to live in Păltiniș, near Sibiu, where he remained for the next 12 years, until his death on 4 December 1987. He was buried at the nearby hermitage, having left behind numerous philosophical essays.
In 1988 Constantin Noica was posthumously awarded the Herder Prize, and in 1990, after the fall of communism in Romania, he was inducted as a posthumous member of the Romanian Academy.
Philosophy
The 20th century is thought to be dominated by science. The model of scientific knowledge, which means transforming reality into formal and abstract concepts, is applied in judging the entire environment. This kind of thinking is called by Noica "the logic of Ares", as it considers the individual a simple variable in the Whole. The existence is, for this scientific way of considering things, a statistical fact.
In order to recover the individual senses, the sense of existence, Noica proposes, in opposition with "the logic of Ares", "the logic of Hermes", a way of thinking which considers the individual a reflection of the Whole. The logic of Hermes means understanding the Whole through the part, it means identifying in a single existence the general principles of reality. This way of thinking allows one to understand the meaning of the life of a man oppressed by the quick present moment.
Noica appreciated Greek and German philosophers, as well as several Romanian writers. He recommended to read philosophy, to learn classical languages, particularly ancient Greek, and modern languages, particularly German.
Books
1934 – Mathesis or simple pleasances ("Mathesis sau bucuriile simple")
1936 – Open concepts in the history of philosophy in Descartes, Leibniz and Kant ("Concepte deschise în istoria filozofiei la Descartes, Leibniz și Kant")
1937 – De caelo. Essay around knowledge and the individual ("De caelo. Încercare în jurul cunoașterii și individului")
1937 – Life and philosophy of René Descartes ("Viața și filozofia lui René Descartes")
1940 – Sketch for the history of How is it that there is anything new ("Schiță pentru istoria lui Cum e cu putință ceva nou")
1943 – Two introductions and a passage to idealism ("Două introduceri și o trecere spre idealism")
1944 – Philosophical journal ("Jurnal filosofic")
1944 – Pages on the Romanian soul ("Pagini despre sufletul românesc")
1962 – "Phenomenology of Spirit" by G.W.F. Hegel narrated by Constantin Noica ("Fenomenologia spiritului de G.W.F. Hegel istorisită de Constantin Noica")
1969 – Twenty-seven levels of the real ("Douăzeci și șapte trepte ale realului")
1969 – Platon: Lysis
1970 – The Romanian philosophical utterance ("Rostirea filozofică românească")
1973 – Creation and beauty in Romanian utterance ("Creație și frumos în rostirea românească")
1975 – Eminescu or Thoughts on the complete man of Romanian culture ("Eminescu sau Gânduri despre omul deplin al culturii românești")
1976 – Parting with Goethe ("Despărțirea de Goethe")
1978 – The Romanian sense of being ("Sentimentul românesc al ființei")
1978 – Six maladies of the contemporary spirit. The Romanian spirit at the conjuncture of time ("Șase maladii ale spiritului contemporan. Spiritul românesc în cumpătul vremii")
1980 – Narrations on man, after Hegel's "Phenomenology of Spirit" ("Povestiri despre om")
1981 – Becoming in-to Being, vol. 1: Essay on traditional philosophy, vol. 2: Treatise of ontology ("Devenirea întru ființă", vol. 1: "Încercare asupra filozofiei tradiționale", vol. 2: "Tratat de ontologie")
1984 – Three Introductions to Becoming in-to Being ("Trei introduceri la devenirea întru ființă")
1986 – Letters on the Logic of Hermes ("Scrisori despre logica lui Hermes")
1988 – De dignitate Europae (in German)
1990 – Pray for brother Alexander! ("Rugați-vă pentru fratele Alexandru")
1991 – Journal of Ideas ("Jurnal de idei")
1992 – Sunday essays ("Eseuri de duminică")
1992 – Simple introductions to the kindness of our time ("Simple introduceri la bunătatea timpului nostru")
1992 – Introduction to the Eminescian miracle ("Introducere la miracolul eminescian")
1997 – Cîmpulung manuscripts ("Manuscrisele de la Cîmpulung")
1998 – The spiritual equilibrium. Studies and essays (1929–1947) ("Echilibrul spiritual. Studii și eseuri (1929–1947)")
References
External links
(in Romanian) Noica's page at the Humanitas publishing house [2]
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Filosofia lui Noica între fantasmă și luciditate, Ed. E&B, 1992
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, In labirintul răsfrângerilor. Nae Ionescu prin discipolii săi: Petre Țuțea, Emil Cioran, Constantin Noica, Mircea Eliade, Mircea Vulcănescu si Vasile Băncilă, cu o prefață de Ion Papuc, Slobozia, 2000, ISBN 973-8134056
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Pelerinaj la Păltinișul lui Noica
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Himericul discipolat de la Păltiniș, pretext de fină ironie din partea lui Noica
Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, An adventure beyond which everything is possible, except repetition
Doing Time. An anthology of Noica's works "for the benefit of the students that Noica was never allowed to have", with the volume Brother Alexander translated into English by his wife, Katherine Muston, and an introductory essay (Atitudinea Noica) by C. George Sandulescu, the Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [3]
Noica Anthology. Volume Two: General Philosophy, edited by C. George Sandulescu, Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [4]
Noica Anthology. Volume Three: Rostirea româneascǎ de la Eminescu cetire, edited by C. George Sandulescu, the Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [5]
Counterfeiting Noica! Controversatul Noica rǎsare din nou!, edited by C. George Sandulescu, Contemporary Literature Press (University of Bucharest) [6]
|
place of death
|
{
"answer_start": [
3299
],
"text": [
"Sibiu"
]
}
|
Constantin Noica (Romanian: [konstanˈtin ˈnojka]; July 25 [O.S. July 12] 1909 – 4 December 1987) was a Romanian philosopher, essayist and poet. His preoccupations were throughout all philosophy, from epistemology, philosophy of culture, axiology and philosophic anthropology to ontology and logics, from the history of philosophy to systematic philosophy, from ancient to contemporary philosophy, from translating and interpretation to criticism and creation. In 2006 he was included to the list of the 100 Greatest Romanians of all time by a nationwide poll.
Biography
Noica was born in Vitănești, Teleorman County.
He studied at the Dimitrie Cantemir and Spiru Haret lyceums, both in Bucharest. At Spiru Haret his math teacher was Dan Barbilian (pen name Ion Barbu, poet and mathematician). His debut was in Vlăstarul magazine, in 1927. Between 1928 and 1931 he attended courses of the University of Bucharest's Faculty of Letters and Philosophy, where he graduated in 1931 (thesis: "Problema lucrului în sine la Kant" / "The matter of thing-in-itself in Kant's philosophy"). Here he met as a teacher philosopher Nae Ionescu.
He worked as a librarian at the History of Philosophy Seminar and attended the courses of the Faculty of Mathematics for one year (1933). He was a member of the Criterion Association (1932–1934). Along his friends there, including Mircea Eliade, Mihail Polihroniade, and Haig Acterian, he later supported the fascist Iron Guard.
After attending courses in France between 1938 and 1939 on a French government scholarship, he returned to Bucharest where in 1940 he earned his doctor's degree in philosophy (thesis: Sketch on the history of How is it that there is anything new, published the same year). After General Ion Antonescu installed his dictatorship in collaboration with the Iron Guard in September 1940, Noica served as editor-in-chief of Buna Vestire, the official newspaper of the Iron Guard. In his articles during the period he extolled the organization and its leader, Horia Sima. According to historian Zigu Ornea, his allegiance to the fascist organisation continued after the Iron Guard was suppressed following their failed rebellion.In October 1940 he left for Berlin as a reviewer at Sextil Pușcariu's Romanian-German Institute.
After the war, the Soviet army remained in Romania, backing the establishment of a communist regime. Noica was harassed by the new regime.
In 1949 he was sentenced by the communist authorities to 10 years of forced residence in Câmpulung-Muscel, remaining there until 1958. In December of that year, after making public the book History and Utopia by Emil Cioran (who had left for France), he was sentenced to 25 years of forced labor in the Jilava Prison as a political prisoner, and all his possessions confiscated. He was pardoned after 6 years as part of a general amnesty and released in August 1964.
From 1965 he lived in Bucharest, where he was the principal researcher at the Romanian Academy's Center of Logics. In his two-room apartment, located in Western Drumul Taberei, he held seminars on Hegel's, Plato's, and Kant's philosophy. Among the participants there were Sorin Vieru (his colleague at the Center of Logics), Gabriel Liiceanu, and Andrei Pleșu.
In 1975 he retired and went to live in Păltiniș, near Sibiu, where he remained for the next 12 years, until his death on 4 December 1987. He was buried at the nearby hermitage, having left behind numerous philosophical essays.
In 1988 Constantin Noica was posthumously awarded the Herder Prize, and in 1990, after the fall of communism in Romania, he was inducted as a posthumous member of the Romanian Academy.
Philosophy
The 20th century is thought to be dominated by science. The model of scientific knowledge, which means transforming reality into formal and abstract concepts, is applied in judging the entire environment. This kind of thinking is called by Noica "the logic of Ares", as it considers the individual a simple variable in the Whole. The existence is, for this scientific way of considering things, a statistical fact.
In order to recover the individual senses, the sense of existence, Noica proposes, in opposition with "the logic of Ares", "the logic of Hermes", a way of thinking which considers the individual a reflection of the Whole. The logic of Hermes means understanding the Whole through the part, it means identifying in a single existence the general principles of reality. This way of thinking allows one to understand the meaning of the life of a man oppressed by the quick present moment.
Noica appreciated Greek and German philosophers, as well as several Romanian writers. He recommended to read philosophy, to learn classical languages, particularly ancient Greek, and modern languages, particularly German.
Books
1934 – Mathesis or simple pleasances ("Mathesis sau bucuriile simple")
1936 – Open concepts in the history of philosophy in Descartes, Leibniz and Kant ("Concepte deschise în istoria filozofiei la Descartes, Leibniz și Kant")
1937 – De caelo. Essay around knowledge and the individual ("De caelo. Încercare în jurul cunoașterii și individului")
1937 – Life and philosophy of René Descartes ("Viața și filozofia lui René Descartes")
1940 – Sketch for the history of How is it that there is anything new ("Schiță pentru istoria lui Cum e cu putință ceva nou")
1943 – Two introductions and a passage to idealism ("Două introduceri și o trecere spre idealism")
1944 – Philosophical journal ("Jurnal filosofic")
1944 – Pages on the Romanian soul ("Pagini despre sufletul românesc")
1962 – "Phenomenology of Spirit" by G.W.F. Hegel narrated by Constantin Noica ("Fenomenologia spiritului de G.W.F. Hegel istorisită de Constantin Noica")
1969 – Twenty-seven levels of the real ("Douăzeci și șapte trepte ale realului")
1969 – Platon: Lysis
1970 – The Romanian philosophical utterance ("Rostirea filozofică românească")
1973 – Creation and beauty in Romanian utterance ("Creație și frumos în rostirea românească")
1975 – Eminescu or Thoughts on the complete man of Romanian culture ("Eminescu sau Gânduri despre omul deplin al culturii românești")
1976 – Parting with Goethe ("Despărțirea de Goethe")
1978 – The Romanian sense of being ("Sentimentul românesc al ființei")
1978 – Six maladies of the contemporary spirit. The Romanian spirit at the conjuncture of time ("Șase maladii ale spiritului contemporan. Spiritul românesc în cumpătul vremii")
1980 – Narrations on man, after Hegel's "Phenomenology of Spirit" ("Povestiri despre om")
1981 – Becoming in-to Being, vol. 1: Essay on traditional philosophy, vol. 2: Treatise of ontology ("Devenirea întru ființă", vol. 1: "Încercare asupra filozofiei tradiționale", vol. 2: "Tratat de ontologie")
1984 – Three Introductions to Becoming in-to Being ("Trei introduceri la devenirea întru ființă")
1986 – Letters on the Logic of Hermes ("Scrisori despre logica lui Hermes")
1988 – De dignitate Europae (in German)
1990 – Pray for brother Alexander! ("Rugați-vă pentru fratele Alexandru")
1991 – Journal of Ideas ("Jurnal de idei")
1992 – Sunday essays ("Eseuri de duminică")
1992 – Simple introductions to the kindness of our time ("Simple introduceri la bunătatea timpului nostru")
1992 – Introduction to the Eminescian miracle ("Introducere la miracolul eminescian")
1997 – Cîmpulung manuscripts ("Manuscrisele de la Cîmpulung")
1998 – The spiritual equilibrium. Studies and essays (1929–1947) ("Echilibrul spiritual. Studii și eseuri (1929–1947)")
References
External links
(in Romanian) Noica's page at the Humanitas publishing house [2]
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Filosofia lui Noica între fantasmă și luciditate, Ed. E&B, 1992
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, In labirintul răsfrângerilor. Nae Ionescu prin discipolii săi: Petre Țuțea, Emil Cioran, Constantin Noica, Mircea Eliade, Mircea Vulcănescu si Vasile Băncilă, cu o prefață de Ion Papuc, Slobozia, 2000, ISBN 973-8134056
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Pelerinaj la Păltinișul lui Noica
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Himericul discipolat de la Păltiniș, pretext de fină ironie din partea lui Noica
Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, An adventure beyond which everything is possible, except repetition
Doing Time. An anthology of Noica's works "for the benefit of the students that Noica was never allowed to have", with the volume Brother Alexander translated into English by his wife, Katherine Muston, and an introductory essay (Atitudinea Noica) by C. George Sandulescu, the Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [3]
Noica Anthology. Volume Two: General Philosophy, edited by C. George Sandulescu, Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [4]
Noica Anthology. Volume Three: Rostirea româneascǎ de la Eminescu cetire, edited by C. George Sandulescu, the Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [5]
Counterfeiting Noica! Controversatul Noica rǎsare din nou!, edited by C. George Sandulescu, Contemporary Literature Press (University of Bucharest) [6]
|
country of citizenship
|
{
"answer_start": [
18
],
"text": [
"Romania"
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|
Constantin Noica (Romanian: [konstanˈtin ˈnojka]; July 25 [O.S. July 12] 1909 – 4 December 1987) was a Romanian philosopher, essayist and poet. His preoccupations were throughout all philosophy, from epistemology, philosophy of culture, axiology and philosophic anthropology to ontology and logics, from the history of philosophy to systematic philosophy, from ancient to contemporary philosophy, from translating and interpretation to criticism and creation. In 2006 he was included to the list of the 100 Greatest Romanians of all time by a nationwide poll.
Biography
Noica was born in Vitănești, Teleorman County.
He studied at the Dimitrie Cantemir and Spiru Haret lyceums, both in Bucharest. At Spiru Haret his math teacher was Dan Barbilian (pen name Ion Barbu, poet and mathematician). His debut was in Vlăstarul magazine, in 1927. Between 1928 and 1931 he attended courses of the University of Bucharest's Faculty of Letters and Philosophy, where he graduated in 1931 (thesis: "Problema lucrului în sine la Kant" / "The matter of thing-in-itself in Kant's philosophy"). Here he met as a teacher philosopher Nae Ionescu.
He worked as a librarian at the History of Philosophy Seminar and attended the courses of the Faculty of Mathematics for one year (1933). He was a member of the Criterion Association (1932–1934). Along his friends there, including Mircea Eliade, Mihail Polihroniade, and Haig Acterian, he later supported the fascist Iron Guard.
After attending courses in France between 1938 and 1939 on a French government scholarship, he returned to Bucharest where in 1940 he earned his doctor's degree in philosophy (thesis: Sketch on the history of How is it that there is anything new, published the same year). After General Ion Antonescu installed his dictatorship in collaboration with the Iron Guard in September 1940, Noica served as editor-in-chief of Buna Vestire, the official newspaper of the Iron Guard. In his articles during the period he extolled the organization and its leader, Horia Sima. According to historian Zigu Ornea, his allegiance to the fascist organisation continued after the Iron Guard was suppressed following their failed rebellion.In October 1940 he left for Berlin as a reviewer at Sextil Pușcariu's Romanian-German Institute.
After the war, the Soviet army remained in Romania, backing the establishment of a communist regime. Noica was harassed by the new regime.
In 1949 he was sentenced by the communist authorities to 10 years of forced residence in Câmpulung-Muscel, remaining there until 1958. In December of that year, after making public the book History and Utopia by Emil Cioran (who had left for France), he was sentenced to 25 years of forced labor in the Jilava Prison as a political prisoner, and all his possessions confiscated. He was pardoned after 6 years as part of a general amnesty and released in August 1964.
From 1965 he lived in Bucharest, where he was the principal researcher at the Romanian Academy's Center of Logics. In his two-room apartment, located in Western Drumul Taberei, he held seminars on Hegel's, Plato's, and Kant's philosophy. Among the participants there were Sorin Vieru (his colleague at the Center of Logics), Gabriel Liiceanu, and Andrei Pleșu.
In 1975 he retired and went to live in Păltiniș, near Sibiu, where he remained for the next 12 years, until his death on 4 December 1987. He was buried at the nearby hermitage, having left behind numerous philosophical essays.
In 1988 Constantin Noica was posthumously awarded the Herder Prize, and in 1990, after the fall of communism in Romania, he was inducted as a posthumous member of the Romanian Academy.
Philosophy
The 20th century is thought to be dominated by science. The model of scientific knowledge, which means transforming reality into formal and abstract concepts, is applied in judging the entire environment. This kind of thinking is called by Noica "the logic of Ares", as it considers the individual a simple variable in the Whole. The existence is, for this scientific way of considering things, a statistical fact.
In order to recover the individual senses, the sense of existence, Noica proposes, in opposition with "the logic of Ares", "the logic of Hermes", a way of thinking which considers the individual a reflection of the Whole. The logic of Hermes means understanding the Whole through the part, it means identifying in a single existence the general principles of reality. This way of thinking allows one to understand the meaning of the life of a man oppressed by the quick present moment.
Noica appreciated Greek and German philosophers, as well as several Romanian writers. He recommended to read philosophy, to learn classical languages, particularly ancient Greek, and modern languages, particularly German.
Books
1934 – Mathesis or simple pleasances ("Mathesis sau bucuriile simple")
1936 – Open concepts in the history of philosophy in Descartes, Leibniz and Kant ("Concepte deschise în istoria filozofiei la Descartes, Leibniz și Kant")
1937 – De caelo. Essay around knowledge and the individual ("De caelo. Încercare în jurul cunoașterii și individului")
1937 – Life and philosophy of René Descartes ("Viața și filozofia lui René Descartes")
1940 – Sketch for the history of How is it that there is anything new ("Schiță pentru istoria lui Cum e cu putință ceva nou")
1943 – Two introductions and a passage to idealism ("Două introduceri și o trecere spre idealism")
1944 – Philosophical journal ("Jurnal filosofic")
1944 – Pages on the Romanian soul ("Pagini despre sufletul românesc")
1962 – "Phenomenology of Spirit" by G.W.F. Hegel narrated by Constantin Noica ("Fenomenologia spiritului de G.W.F. Hegel istorisită de Constantin Noica")
1969 – Twenty-seven levels of the real ("Douăzeci și șapte trepte ale realului")
1969 – Platon: Lysis
1970 – The Romanian philosophical utterance ("Rostirea filozofică românească")
1973 – Creation and beauty in Romanian utterance ("Creație și frumos în rostirea românească")
1975 – Eminescu or Thoughts on the complete man of Romanian culture ("Eminescu sau Gânduri despre omul deplin al culturii românești")
1976 – Parting with Goethe ("Despărțirea de Goethe")
1978 – The Romanian sense of being ("Sentimentul românesc al ființei")
1978 – Six maladies of the contemporary spirit. The Romanian spirit at the conjuncture of time ("Șase maladii ale spiritului contemporan. Spiritul românesc în cumpătul vremii")
1980 – Narrations on man, after Hegel's "Phenomenology of Spirit" ("Povestiri despre om")
1981 – Becoming in-to Being, vol. 1: Essay on traditional philosophy, vol. 2: Treatise of ontology ("Devenirea întru ființă", vol. 1: "Încercare asupra filozofiei tradiționale", vol. 2: "Tratat de ontologie")
1984 – Three Introductions to Becoming in-to Being ("Trei introduceri la devenirea întru ființă")
1986 – Letters on the Logic of Hermes ("Scrisori despre logica lui Hermes")
1988 – De dignitate Europae (in German)
1990 – Pray for brother Alexander! ("Rugați-vă pentru fratele Alexandru")
1991 – Journal of Ideas ("Jurnal de idei")
1992 – Sunday essays ("Eseuri de duminică")
1992 – Simple introductions to the kindness of our time ("Simple introduceri la bunătatea timpului nostru")
1992 – Introduction to the Eminescian miracle ("Introducere la miracolul eminescian")
1997 – Cîmpulung manuscripts ("Manuscrisele de la Cîmpulung")
1998 – The spiritual equilibrium. Studies and essays (1929–1947) ("Echilibrul spiritual. Studii și eseuri (1929–1947)")
References
External links
(in Romanian) Noica's page at the Humanitas publishing house [2]
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Filosofia lui Noica între fantasmă și luciditate, Ed. E&B, 1992
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, In labirintul răsfrângerilor. Nae Ionescu prin discipolii săi: Petre Țuțea, Emil Cioran, Constantin Noica, Mircea Eliade, Mircea Vulcănescu si Vasile Băncilă, cu o prefață de Ion Papuc, Slobozia, 2000, ISBN 973-8134056
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Pelerinaj la Păltinișul lui Noica
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Himericul discipolat de la Păltiniș, pretext de fină ironie din partea lui Noica
Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, An adventure beyond which everything is possible, except repetition
Doing Time. An anthology of Noica's works "for the benefit of the students that Noica was never allowed to have", with the volume Brother Alexander translated into English by his wife, Katherine Muston, and an introductory essay (Atitudinea Noica) by C. George Sandulescu, the Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [3]
Noica Anthology. Volume Two: General Philosophy, edited by C. George Sandulescu, Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [4]
Noica Anthology. Volume Three: Rostirea româneascǎ de la Eminescu cetire, edited by C. George Sandulescu, the Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [5]
Counterfeiting Noica! Controversatul Noica rǎsare din nou!, edited by C. George Sandulescu, Contemporary Literature Press (University of Bucharest) [6]
|
educated at
|
{
"answer_start": [
889
],
"text": [
"University of Bucharest"
]
}
|
Constantin Noica (Romanian: [konstanˈtin ˈnojka]; July 25 [O.S. July 12] 1909 – 4 December 1987) was a Romanian philosopher, essayist and poet. His preoccupations were throughout all philosophy, from epistemology, philosophy of culture, axiology and philosophic anthropology to ontology and logics, from the history of philosophy to systematic philosophy, from ancient to contemporary philosophy, from translating and interpretation to criticism and creation. In 2006 he was included to the list of the 100 Greatest Romanians of all time by a nationwide poll.
Biography
Noica was born in Vitănești, Teleorman County.
He studied at the Dimitrie Cantemir and Spiru Haret lyceums, both in Bucharest. At Spiru Haret his math teacher was Dan Barbilian (pen name Ion Barbu, poet and mathematician). His debut was in Vlăstarul magazine, in 1927. Between 1928 and 1931 he attended courses of the University of Bucharest's Faculty of Letters and Philosophy, where he graduated in 1931 (thesis: "Problema lucrului în sine la Kant" / "The matter of thing-in-itself in Kant's philosophy"). Here he met as a teacher philosopher Nae Ionescu.
He worked as a librarian at the History of Philosophy Seminar and attended the courses of the Faculty of Mathematics for one year (1933). He was a member of the Criterion Association (1932–1934). Along his friends there, including Mircea Eliade, Mihail Polihroniade, and Haig Acterian, he later supported the fascist Iron Guard.
After attending courses in France between 1938 and 1939 on a French government scholarship, he returned to Bucharest where in 1940 he earned his doctor's degree in philosophy (thesis: Sketch on the history of How is it that there is anything new, published the same year). After General Ion Antonescu installed his dictatorship in collaboration with the Iron Guard in September 1940, Noica served as editor-in-chief of Buna Vestire, the official newspaper of the Iron Guard. In his articles during the period he extolled the organization and its leader, Horia Sima. According to historian Zigu Ornea, his allegiance to the fascist organisation continued after the Iron Guard was suppressed following their failed rebellion.In October 1940 he left for Berlin as a reviewer at Sextil Pușcariu's Romanian-German Institute.
After the war, the Soviet army remained in Romania, backing the establishment of a communist regime. Noica was harassed by the new regime.
In 1949 he was sentenced by the communist authorities to 10 years of forced residence in Câmpulung-Muscel, remaining there until 1958. In December of that year, after making public the book History and Utopia by Emil Cioran (who had left for France), he was sentenced to 25 years of forced labor in the Jilava Prison as a political prisoner, and all his possessions confiscated. He was pardoned after 6 years as part of a general amnesty and released in August 1964.
From 1965 he lived in Bucharest, where he was the principal researcher at the Romanian Academy's Center of Logics. In his two-room apartment, located in Western Drumul Taberei, he held seminars on Hegel's, Plato's, and Kant's philosophy. Among the participants there were Sorin Vieru (his colleague at the Center of Logics), Gabriel Liiceanu, and Andrei Pleșu.
In 1975 he retired and went to live in Păltiniș, near Sibiu, where he remained for the next 12 years, until his death on 4 December 1987. He was buried at the nearby hermitage, having left behind numerous philosophical essays.
In 1988 Constantin Noica was posthumously awarded the Herder Prize, and in 1990, after the fall of communism in Romania, he was inducted as a posthumous member of the Romanian Academy.
Philosophy
The 20th century is thought to be dominated by science. The model of scientific knowledge, which means transforming reality into formal and abstract concepts, is applied in judging the entire environment. This kind of thinking is called by Noica "the logic of Ares", as it considers the individual a simple variable in the Whole. The existence is, for this scientific way of considering things, a statistical fact.
In order to recover the individual senses, the sense of existence, Noica proposes, in opposition with "the logic of Ares", "the logic of Hermes", a way of thinking which considers the individual a reflection of the Whole. The logic of Hermes means understanding the Whole through the part, it means identifying in a single existence the general principles of reality. This way of thinking allows one to understand the meaning of the life of a man oppressed by the quick present moment.
Noica appreciated Greek and German philosophers, as well as several Romanian writers. He recommended to read philosophy, to learn classical languages, particularly ancient Greek, and modern languages, particularly German.
Books
1934 – Mathesis or simple pleasances ("Mathesis sau bucuriile simple")
1936 – Open concepts in the history of philosophy in Descartes, Leibniz and Kant ("Concepte deschise în istoria filozofiei la Descartes, Leibniz și Kant")
1937 – De caelo. Essay around knowledge and the individual ("De caelo. Încercare în jurul cunoașterii și individului")
1937 – Life and philosophy of René Descartes ("Viața și filozofia lui René Descartes")
1940 – Sketch for the history of How is it that there is anything new ("Schiță pentru istoria lui Cum e cu putință ceva nou")
1943 – Two introductions and a passage to idealism ("Două introduceri și o trecere spre idealism")
1944 – Philosophical journal ("Jurnal filosofic")
1944 – Pages on the Romanian soul ("Pagini despre sufletul românesc")
1962 – "Phenomenology of Spirit" by G.W.F. Hegel narrated by Constantin Noica ("Fenomenologia spiritului de G.W.F. Hegel istorisită de Constantin Noica")
1969 – Twenty-seven levels of the real ("Douăzeci și șapte trepte ale realului")
1969 – Platon: Lysis
1970 – The Romanian philosophical utterance ("Rostirea filozofică românească")
1973 – Creation and beauty in Romanian utterance ("Creație și frumos în rostirea românească")
1975 – Eminescu or Thoughts on the complete man of Romanian culture ("Eminescu sau Gânduri despre omul deplin al culturii românești")
1976 – Parting with Goethe ("Despărțirea de Goethe")
1978 – The Romanian sense of being ("Sentimentul românesc al ființei")
1978 – Six maladies of the contemporary spirit. The Romanian spirit at the conjuncture of time ("Șase maladii ale spiritului contemporan. Spiritul românesc în cumpătul vremii")
1980 – Narrations on man, after Hegel's "Phenomenology of Spirit" ("Povestiri despre om")
1981 – Becoming in-to Being, vol. 1: Essay on traditional philosophy, vol. 2: Treatise of ontology ("Devenirea întru ființă", vol. 1: "Încercare asupra filozofiei tradiționale", vol. 2: "Tratat de ontologie")
1984 – Three Introductions to Becoming in-to Being ("Trei introduceri la devenirea întru ființă")
1986 – Letters on the Logic of Hermes ("Scrisori despre logica lui Hermes")
1988 – De dignitate Europae (in German)
1990 – Pray for brother Alexander! ("Rugați-vă pentru fratele Alexandru")
1991 – Journal of Ideas ("Jurnal de idei")
1992 – Sunday essays ("Eseuri de duminică")
1992 – Simple introductions to the kindness of our time ("Simple introduceri la bunătatea timpului nostru")
1992 – Introduction to the Eminescian miracle ("Introducere la miracolul eminescian")
1997 – Cîmpulung manuscripts ("Manuscrisele de la Cîmpulung")
1998 – The spiritual equilibrium. Studies and essays (1929–1947) ("Echilibrul spiritual. Studii și eseuri (1929–1947)")
References
External links
(in Romanian) Noica's page at the Humanitas publishing house [2]
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Filosofia lui Noica între fantasmă și luciditate, Ed. E&B, 1992
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, In labirintul răsfrângerilor. Nae Ionescu prin discipolii săi: Petre Țuțea, Emil Cioran, Constantin Noica, Mircea Eliade, Mircea Vulcănescu si Vasile Băncilă, cu o prefață de Ion Papuc, Slobozia, 2000, ISBN 973-8134056
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Pelerinaj la Păltinișul lui Noica
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Himericul discipolat de la Păltiniș, pretext de fină ironie din partea lui Noica
Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, An adventure beyond which everything is possible, except repetition
Doing Time. An anthology of Noica's works "for the benefit of the students that Noica was never allowed to have", with the volume Brother Alexander translated into English by his wife, Katherine Muston, and an introductory essay (Atitudinea Noica) by C. George Sandulescu, the Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [3]
Noica Anthology. Volume Two: General Philosophy, edited by C. George Sandulescu, Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [4]
Noica Anthology. Volume Three: Rostirea româneascǎ de la Eminescu cetire, edited by C. George Sandulescu, the Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [5]
Counterfeiting Noica! Controversatul Noica rǎsare din nou!, edited by C. George Sandulescu, Contemporary Literature Press (University of Bucharest) [6]
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Constantin Noica (Romanian: [konstanˈtin ˈnojka]; July 25 [O.S. July 12] 1909 – 4 December 1987) was a Romanian philosopher, essayist and poet. His preoccupations were throughout all philosophy, from epistemology, philosophy of culture, axiology and philosophic anthropology to ontology and logics, from the history of philosophy to systematic philosophy, from ancient to contemporary philosophy, from translating and interpretation to criticism and creation. In 2006 he was included to the list of the 100 Greatest Romanians of all time by a nationwide poll.
Biography
Noica was born in Vitănești, Teleorman County.
He studied at the Dimitrie Cantemir and Spiru Haret lyceums, both in Bucharest. At Spiru Haret his math teacher was Dan Barbilian (pen name Ion Barbu, poet and mathematician). His debut was in Vlăstarul magazine, in 1927. Between 1928 and 1931 he attended courses of the University of Bucharest's Faculty of Letters and Philosophy, where he graduated in 1931 (thesis: "Problema lucrului în sine la Kant" / "The matter of thing-in-itself in Kant's philosophy"). Here he met as a teacher philosopher Nae Ionescu.
He worked as a librarian at the History of Philosophy Seminar and attended the courses of the Faculty of Mathematics for one year (1933). He was a member of the Criterion Association (1932–1934). Along his friends there, including Mircea Eliade, Mihail Polihroniade, and Haig Acterian, he later supported the fascist Iron Guard.
After attending courses in France between 1938 and 1939 on a French government scholarship, he returned to Bucharest where in 1940 he earned his doctor's degree in philosophy (thesis: Sketch on the history of How is it that there is anything new, published the same year). After General Ion Antonescu installed his dictatorship in collaboration with the Iron Guard in September 1940, Noica served as editor-in-chief of Buna Vestire, the official newspaper of the Iron Guard. In his articles during the period he extolled the organization and its leader, Horia Sima. According to historian Zigu Ornea, his allegiance to the fascist organisation continued after the Iron Guard was suppressed following their failed rebellion.In October 1940 he left for Berlin as a reviewer at Sextil Pușcariu's Romanian-German Institute.
After the war, the Soviet army remained in Romania, backing the establishment of a communist regime. Noica was harassed by the new regime.
In 1949 he was sentenced by the communist authorities to 10 years of forced residence in Câmpulung-Muscel, remaining there until 1958. In December of that year, after making public the book History and Utopia by Emil Cioran (who had left for France), he was sentenced to 25 years of forced labor in the Jilava Prison as a political prisoner, and all his possessions confiscated. He was pardoned after 6 years as part of a general amnesty and released in August 1964.
From 1965 he lived in Bucharest, where he was the principal researcher at the Romanian Academy's Center of Logics. In his two-room apartment, located in Western Drumul Taberei, he held seminars on Hegel's, Plato's, and Kant's philosophy. Among the participants there were Sorin Vieru (his colleague at the Center of Logics), Gabriel Liiceanu, and Andrei Pleșu.
In 1975 he retired and went to live in Păltiniș, near Sibiu, where he remained for the next 12 years, until his death on 4 December 1987. He was buried at the nearby hermitage, having left behind numerous philosophical essays.
In 1988 Constantin Noica was posthumously awarded the Herder Prize, and in 1990, after the fall of communism in Romania, he was inducted as a posthumous member of the Romanian Academy.
Philosophy
The 20th century is thought to be dominated by science. The model of scientific knowledge, which means transforming reality into formal and abstract concepts, is applied in judging the entire environment. This kind of thinking is called by Noica "the logic of Ares", as it considers the individual a simple variable in the Whole. The existence is, for this scientific way of considering things, a statistical fact.
In order to recover the individual senses, the sense of existence, Noica proposes, in opposition with "the logic of Ares", "the logic of Hermes", a way of thinking which considers the individual a reflection of the Whole. The logic of Hermes means understanding the Whole through the part, it means identifying in a single existence the general principles of reality. This way of thinking allows one to understand the meaning of the life of a man oppressed by the quick present moment.
Noica appreciated Greek and German philosophers, as well as several Romanian writers. He recommended to read philosophy, to learn classical languages, particularly ancient Greek, and modern languages, particularly German.
Books
1934 – Mathesis or simple pleasances ("Mathesis sau bucuriile simple")
1936 – Open concepts in the history of philosophy in Descartes, Leibniz and Kant ("Concepte deschise în istoria filozofiei la Descartes, Leibniz și Kant")
1937 – De caelo. Essay around knowledge and the individual ("De caelo. Încercare în jurul cunoașterii și individului")
1937 – Life and philosophy of René Descartes ("Viața și filozofia lui René Descartes")
1940 – Sketch for the history of How is it that there is anything new ("Schiță pentru istoria lui Cum e cu putință ceva nou")
1943 – Two introductions and a passage to idealism ("Două introduceri și o trecere spre idealism")
1944 – Philosophical journal ("Jurnal filosofic")
1944 – Pages on the Romanian soul ("Pagini despre sufletul românesc")
1962 – "Phenomenology of Spirit" by G.W.F. Hegel narrated by Constantin Noica ("Fenomenologia spiritului de G.W.F. Hegel istorisită de Constantin Noica")
1969 – Twenty-seven levels of the real ("Douăzeci și șapte trepte ale realului")
1969 – Platon: Lysis
1970 – The Romanian philosophical utterance ("Rostirea filozofică românească")
1973 – Creation and beauty in Romanian utterance ("Creație și frumos în rostirea românească")
1975 – Eminescu or Thoughts on the complete man of Romanian culture ("Eminescu sau Gânduri despre omul deplin al culturii românești")
1976 – Parting with Goethe ("Despărțirea de Goethe")
1978 – The Romanian sense of being ("Sentimentul românesc al ființei")
1978 – Six maladies of the contemporary spirit. The Romanian spirit at the conjuncture of time ("Șase maladii ale spiritului contemporan. Spiritul românesc în cumpătul vremii")
1980 – Narrations on man, after Hegel's "Phenomenology of Spirit" ("Povestiri despre om")
1981 – Becoming in-to Being, vol. 1: Essay on traditional philosophy, vol. 2: Treatise of ontology ("Devenirea întru ființă", vol. 1: "Încercare asupra filozofiei tradiționale", vol. 2: "Tratat de ontologie")
1984 – Three Introductions to Becoming in-to Being ("Trei introduceri la devenirea întru ființă")
1986 – Letters on the Logic of Hermes ("Scrisori despre logica lui Hermes")
1988 – De dignitate Europae (in German)
1990 – Pray for brother Alexander! ("Rugați-vă pentru fratele Alexandru")
1991 – Journal of Ideas ("Jurnal de idei")
1992 – Sunday essays ("Eseuri de duminică")
1992 – Simple introductions to the kindness of our time ("Simple introduceri la bunătatea timpului nostru")
1992 – Introduction to the Eminescian miracle ("Introducere la miracolul eminescian")
1997 – Cîmpulung manuscripts ("Manuscrisele de la Cîmpulung")
1998 – The spiritual equilibrium. Studies and essays (1929–1947) ("Echilibrul spiritual. Studii și eseuri (1929–1947)")
References
External links
(in Romanian) Noica's page at the Humanitas publishing house [2]
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Filosofia lui Noica între fantasmă și luciditate, Ed. E&B, 1992
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, In labirintul răsfrângerilor. Nae Ionescu prin discipolii săi: Petre Țuțea, Emil Cioran, Constantin Noica, Mircea Eliade, Mircea Vulcănescu si Vasile Băncilă, cu o prefață de Ion Papuc, Slobozia, 2000, ISBN 973-8134056
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Pelerinaj la Păltinișul lui Noica
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Himericul discipolat de la Păltiniș, pretext de fină ironie din partea lui Noica
Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, An adventure beyond which everything is possible, except repetition
Doing Time. An anthology of Noica's works "for the benefit of the students that Noica was never allowed to have", with the volume Brother Alexander translated into English by his wife, Katherine Muston, and an introductory essay (Atitudinea Noica) by C. George Sandulescu, the Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [3]
Noica Anthology. Volume Two: General Philosophy, edited by C. George Sandulescu, Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [4]
Noica Anthology. Volume Three: Rostirea româneascǎ de la Eminescu cetire, edited by C. George Sandulescu, the Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [5]
Counterfeiting Noica! Controversatul Noica rǎsare din nou!, edited by C. George Sandulescu, Contemporary Literature Press (University of Bucharest) [6]
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Constantin Noica (Romanian: [konstanˈtin ˈnojka]; July 25 [O.S. July 12] 1909 – 4 December 1987) was a Romanian philosopher, essayist and poet. His preoccupations were throughout all philosophy, from epistemology, philosophy of culture, axiology and philosophic anthropology to ontology and logics, from the history of philosophy to systematic philosophy, from ancient to contemporary philosophy, from translating and interpretation to criticism and creation. In 2006 he was included to the list of the 100 Greatest Romanians of all time by a nationwide poll.
Biography
Noica was born in Vitănești, Teleorman County.
He studied at the Dimitrie Cantemir and Spiru Haret lyceums, both in Bucharest. At Spiru Haret his math teacher was Dan Barbilian (pen name Ion Barbu, poet and mathematician). His debut was in Vlăstarul magazine, in 1927. Between 1928 and 1931 he attended courses of the University of Bucharest's Faculty of Letters and Philosophy, where he graduated in 1931 (thesis: "Problema lucrului în sine la Kant" / "The matter of thing-in-itself in Kant's philosophy"). Here he met as a teacher philosopher Nae Ionescu.
He worked as a librarian at the History of Philosophy Seminar and attended the courses of the Faculty of Mathematics for one year (1933). He was a member of the Criterion Association (1932–1934). Along his friends there, including Mircea Eliade, Mihail Polihroniade, and Haig Acterian, he later supported the fascist Iron Guard.
After attending courses in France between 1938 and 1939 on a French government scholarship, he returned to Bucharest where in 1940 he earned his doctor's degree in philosophy (thesis: Sketch on the history of How is it that there is anything new, published the same year). After General Ion Antonescu installed his dictatorship in collaboration with the Iron Guard in September 1940, Noica served as editor-in-chief of Buna Vestire, the official newspaper of the Iron Guard. In his articles during the period he extolled the organization and its leader, Horia Sima. According to historian Zigu Ornea, his allegiance to the fascist organisation continued after the Iron Guard was suppressed following their failed rebellion.In October 1940 he left for Berlin as a reviewer at Sextil Pușcariu's Romanian-German Institute.
After the war, the Soviet army remained in Romania, backing the establishment of a communist regime. Noica was harassed by the new regime.
In 1949 he was sentenced by the communist authorities to 10 years of forced residence in Câmpulung-Muscel, remaining there until 1958. In December of that year, after making public the book History and Utopia by Emil Cioran (who had left for France), he was sentenced to 25 years of forced labor in the Jilava Prison as a political prisoner, and all his possessions confiscated. He was pardoned after 6 years as part of a general amnesty and released in August 1964.
From 1965 he lived in Bucharest, where he was the principal researcher at the Romanian Academy's Center of Logics. In his two-room apartment, located in Western Drumul Taberei, he held seminars on Hegel's, Plato's, and Kant's philosophy. Among the participants there were Sorin Vieru (his colleague at the Center of Logics), Gabriel Liiceanu, and Andrei Pleșu.
In 1975 he retired and went to live in Păltiniș, near Sibiu, where he remained for the next 12 years, until his death on 4 December 1987. He was buried at the nearby hermitage, having left behind numerous philosophical essays.
In 1988 Constantin Noica was posthumously awarded the Herder Prize, and in 1990, after the fall of communism in Romania, he was inducted as a posthumous member of the Romanian Academy.
Philosophy
The 20th century is thought to be dominated by science. The model of scientific knowledge, which means transforming reality into formal and abstract concepts, is applied in judging the entire environment. This kind of thinking is called by Noica "the logic of Ares", as it considers the individual a simple variable in the Whole. The existence is, for this scientific way of considering things, a statistical fact.
In order to recover the individual senses, the sense of existence, Noica proposes, in opposition with "the logic of Ares", "the logic of Hermes", a way of thinking which considers the individual a reflection of the Whole. The logic of Hermes means understanding the Whole through the part, it means identifying in a single existence the general principles of reality. This way of thinking allows one to understand the meaning of the life of a man oppressed by the quick present moment.
Noica appreciated Greek and German philosophers, as well as several Romanian writers. He recommended to read philosophy, to learn classical languages, particularly ancient Greek, and modern languages, particularly German.
Books
1934 – Mathesis or simple pleasances ("Mathesis sau bucuriile simple")
1936 – Open concepts in the history of philosophy in Descartes, Leibniz and Kant ("Concepte deschise în istoria filozofiei la Descartes, Leibniz și Kant")
1937 – De caelo. Essay around knowledge and the individual ("De caelo. Încercare în jurul cunoașterii și individului")
1937 – Life and philosophy of René Descartes ("Viața și filozofia lui René Descartes")
1940 – Sketch for the history of How is it that there is anything new ("Schiță pentru istoria lui Cum e cu putință ceva nou")
1943 – Two introductions and a passage to idealism ("Două introduceri și o trecere spre idealism")
1944 – Philosophical journal ("Jurnal filosofic")
1944 – Pages on the Romanian soul ("Pagini despre sufletul românesc")
1962 – "Phenomenology of Spirit" by G.W.F. Hegel narrated by Constantin Noica ("Fenomenologia spiritului de G.W.F. Hegel istorisită de Constantin Noica")
1969 – Twenty-seven levels of the real ("Douăzeci și șapte trepte ale realului")
1969 – Platon: Lysis
1970 – The Romanian philosophical utterance ("Rostirea filozofică românească")
1973 – Creation and beauty in Romanian utterance ("Creație și frumos în rostirea românească")
1975 – Eminescu or Thoughts on the complete man of Romanian culture ("Eminescu sau Gânduri despre omul deplin al culturii românești")
1976 – Parting with Goethe ("Despărțirea de Goethe")
1978 – The Romanian sense of being ("Sentimentul românesc al ființei")
1978 – Six maladies of the contemporary spirit. The Romanian spirit at the conjuncture of time ("Șase maladii ale spiritului contemporan. Spiritul românesc în cumpătul vremii")
1980 – Narrations on man, after Hegel's "Phenomenology of Spirit" ("Povestiri despre om")
1981 – Becoming in-to Being, vol. 1: Essay on traditional philosophy, vol. 2: Treatise of ontology ("Devenirea întru ființă", vol. 1: "Încercare asupra filozofiei tradiționale", vol. 2: "Tratat de ontologie")
1984 – Three Introductions to Becoming in-to Being ("Trei introduceri la devenirea întru ființă")
1986 – Letters on the Logic of Hermes ("Scrisori despre logica lui Hermes")
1988 – De dignitate Europae (in German)
1990 – Pray for brother Alexander! ("Rugați-vă pentru fratele Alexandru")
1991 – Journal of Ideas ("Jurnal de idei")
1992 – Sunday essays ("Eseuri de duminică")
1992 – Simple introductions to the kindness of our time ("Simple introduceri la bunătatea timpului nostru")
1992 – Introduction to the Eminescian miracle ("Introducere la miracolul eminescian")
1997 – Cîmpulung manuscripts ("Manuscrisele de la Cîmpulung")
1998 – The spiritual equilibrium. Studies and essays (1929–1947) ("Echilibrul spiritual. Studii și eseuri (1929–1947)")
References
External links
(in Romanian) Noica's page at the Humanitas publishing house [2]
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Filosofia lui Noica între fantasmă și luciditate, Ed. E&B, 1992
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, In labirintul răsfrângerilor. Nae Ionescu prin discipolii săi: Petre Țuțea, Emil Cioran, Constantin Noica, Mircea Eliade, Mircea Vulcănescu si Vasile Băncilă, cu o prefață de Ion Papuc, Slobozia, 2000, ISBN 973-8134056
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Pelerinaj la Păltinișul lui Noica
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Himericul discipolat de la Păltiniș, pretext de fină ironie din partea lui Noica
Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, An adventure beyond which everything is possible, except repetition
Doing Time. An anthology of Noica's works "for the benefit of the students that Noica was never allowed to have", with the volume Brother Alexander translated into English by his wife, Katherine Muston, and an introductory essay (Atitudinea Noica) by C. George Sandulescu, the Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [3]
Noica Anthology. Volume Two: General Philosophy, edited by C. George Sandulescu, Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [4]
Noica Anthology. Volume Three: Rostirea româneascǎ de la Eminescu cetire, edited by C. George Sandulescu, the Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [5]
Counterfeiting Noica! Controversatul Noica rǎsare din nou!, edited by C. George Sandulescu, Contemporary Literature Press (University of Bucharest) [6]
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Constantin Noica (Romanian: [konstanˈtin ˈnojka]; July 25 [O.S. July 12] 1909 – 4 December 1987) was a Romanian philosopher, essayist and poet. His preoccupations were throughout all philosophy, from epistemology, philosophy of culture, axiology and philosophic anthropology to ontology and logics, from the history of philosophy to systematic philosophy, from ancient to contemporary philosophy, from translating and interpretation to criticism and creation. In 2006 he was included to the list of the 100 Greatest Romanians of all time by a nationwide poll.
Biography
Noica was born in Vitănești, Teleorman County.
He studied at the Dimitrie Cantemir and Spiru Haret lyceums, both in Bucharest. At Spiru Haret his math teacher was Dan Barbilian (pen name Ion Barbu, poet and mathematician). His debut was in Vlăstarul magazine, in 1927. Between 1928 and 1931 he attended courses of the University of Bucharest's Faculty of Letters and Philosophy, where he graduated in 1931 (thesis: "Problema lucrului în sine la Kant" / "The matter of thing-in-itself in Kant's philosophy"). Here he met as a teacher philosopher Nae Ionescu.
He worked as a librarian at the History of Philosophy Seminar and attended the courses of the Faculty of Mathematics for one year (1933). He was a member of the Criterion Association (1932–1934). Along his friends there, including Mircea Eliade, Mihail Polihroniade, and Haig Acterian, he later supported the fascist Iron Guard.
After attending courses in France between 1938 and 1939 on a French government scholarship, he returned to Bucharest where in 1940 he earned his doctor's degree in philosophy (thesis: Sketch on the history of How is it that there is anything new, published the same year). After General Ion Antonescu installed his dictatorship in collaboration with the Iron Guard in September 1940, Noica served as editor-in-chief of Buna Vestire, the official newspaper of the Iron Guard. In his articles during the period he extolled the organization and its leader, Horia Sima. According to historian Zigu Ornea, his allegiance to the fascist organisation continued after the Iron Guard was suppressed following their failed rebellion.In October 1940 he left for Berlin as a reviewer at Sextil Pușcariu's Romanian-German Institute.
After the war, the Soviet army remained in Romania, backing the establishment of a communist regime. Noica was harassed by the new regime.
In 1949 he was sentenced by the communist authorities to 10 years of forced residence in Câmpulung-Muscel, remaining there until 1958. In December of that year, after making public the book History and Utopia by Emil Cioran (who had left for France), he was sentenced to 25 years of forced labor in the Jilava Prison as a political prisoner, and all his possessions confiscated. He was pardoned after 6 years as part of a general amnesty and released in August 1964.
From 1965 he lived in Bucharest, where he was the principal researcher at the Romanian Academy's Center of Logics. In his two-room apartment, located in Western Drumul Taberei, he held seminars on Hegel's, Plato's, and Kant's philosophy. Among the participants there were Sorin Vieru (his colleague at the Center of Logics), Gabriel Liiceanu, and Andrei Pleșu.
In 1975 he retired and went to live in Păltiniș, near Sibiu, where he remained for the next 12 years, until his death on 4 December 1987. He was buried at the nearby hermitage, having left behind numerous philosophical essays.
In 1988 Constantin Noica was posthumously awarded the Herder Prize, and in 1990, after the fall of communism in Romania, he was inducted as a posthumous member of the Romanian Academy.
Philosophy
The 20th century is thought to be dominated by science. The model of scientific knowledge, which means transforming reality into formal and abstract concepts, is applied in judging the entire environment. This kind of thinking is called by Noica "the logic of Ares", as it considers the individual a simple variable in the Whole. The existence is, for this scientific way of considering things, a statistical fact.
In order to recover the individual senses, the sense of existence, Noica proposes, in opposition with "the logic of Ares", "the logic of Hermes", a way of thinking which considers the individual a reflection of the Whole. The logic of Hermes means understanding the Whole through the part, it means identifying in a single existence the general principles of reality. This way of thinking allows one to understand the meaning of the life of a man oppressed by the quick present moment.
Noica appreciated Greek and German philosophers, as well as several Romanian writers. He recommended to read philosophy, to learn classical languages, particularly ancient Greek, and modern languages, particularly German.
Books
1934 – Mathesis or simple pleasances ("Mathesis sau bucuriile simple")
1936 – Open concepts in the history of philosophy in Descartes, Leibniz and Kant ("Concepte deschise în istoria filozofiei la Descartes, Leibniz și Kant")
1937 – De caelo. Essay around knowledge and the individual ("De caelo. Încercare în jurul cunoașterii și individului")
1937 – Life and philosophy of René Descartes ("Viața și filozofia lui René Descartes")
1940 – Sketch for the history of How is it that there is anything new ("Schiță pentru istoria lui Cum e cu putință ceva nou")
1943 – Two introductions and a passage to idealism ("Două introduceri și o trecere spre idealism")
1944 – Philosophical journal ("Jurnal filosofic")
1944 – Pages on the Romanian soul ("Pagini despre sufletul românesc")
1962 – "Phenomenology of Spirit" by G.W.F. Hegel narrated by Constantin Noica ("Fenomenologia spiritului de G.W.F. Hegel istorisită de Constantin Noica")
1969 – Twenty-seven levels of the real ("Douăzeci și șapte trepte ale realului")
1969 – Platon: Lysis
1970 – The Romanian philosophical utterance ("Rostirea filozofică românească")
1973 – Creation and beauty in Romanian utterance ("Creație și frumos în rostirea românească")
1975 – Eminescu or Thoughts on the complete man of Romanian culture ("Eminescu sau Gânduri despre omul deplin al culturii românești")
1976 – Parting with Goethe ("Despărțirea de Goethe")
1978 – The Romanian sense of being ("Sentimentul românesc al ființei")
1978 – Six maladies of the contemporary spirit. The Romanian spirit at the conjuncture of time ("Șase maladii ale spiritului contemporan. Spiritul românesc în cumpătul vremii")
1980 – Narrations on man, after Hegel's "Phenomenology of Spirit" ("Povestiri despre om")
1981 – Becoming in-to Being, vol. 1: Essay on traditional philosophy, vol. 2: Treatise of ontology ("Devenirea întru ființă", vol. 1: "Încercare asupra filozofiei tradiționale", vol. 2: "Tratat de ontologie")
1984 – Three Introductions to Becoming in-to Being ("Trei introduceri la devenirea întru ființă")
1986 – Letters on the Logic of Hermes ("Scrisori despre logica lui Hermes")
1988 – De dignitate Europae (in German)
1990 – Pray for brother Alexander! ("Rugați-vă pentru fratele Alexandru")
1991 – Journal of Ideas ("Jurnal de idei")
1992 – Sunday essays ("Eseuri de duminică")
1992 – Simple introductions to the kindness of our time ("Simple introduceri la bunătatea timpului nostru")
1992 – Introduction to the Eminescian miracle ("Introducere la miracolul eminescian")
1997 – Cîmpulung manuscripts ("Manuscrisele de la Cîmpulung")
1998 – The spiritual equilibrium. Studies and essays (1929–1947) ("Echilibrul spiritual. Studii și eseuri (1929–1947)")
References
External links
(in Romanian) Noica's page at the Humanitas publishing house [2]
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Filosofia lui Noica între fantasmă și luciditate, Ed. E&B, 1992
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, In labirintul răsfrângerilor. Nae Ionescu prin discipolii săi: Petre Țuțea, Emil Cioran, Constantin Noica, Mircea Eliade, Mircea Vulcănescu si Vasile Băncilă, cu o prefață de Ion Papuc, Slobozia, 2000, ISBN 973-8134056
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Pelerinaj la Păltinișul lui Noica
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Himericul discipolat de la Păltiniș, pretext de fină ironie din partea lui Noica
Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, An adventure beyond which everything is possible, except repetition
Doing Time. An anthology of Noica's works "for the benefit of the students that Noica was never allowed to have", with the volume Brother Alexander translated into English by his wife, Katherine Muston, and an introductory essay (Atitudinea Noica) by C. George Sandulescu, the Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [3]
Noica Anthology. Volume Two: General Philosophy, edited by C. George Sandulescu, Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [4]
Noica Anthology. Volume Three: Rostirea româneascǎ de la Eminescu cetire, edited by C. George Sandulescu, the Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [5]
Counterfeiting Noica! Controversatul Noica rǎsare din nou!, edited by C. George Sandulescu, Contemporary Literature Press (University of Bucharest) [6]
|
member of
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Constantin Noica (Romanian: [konstanˈtin ˈnojka]; July 25 [O.S. July 12] 1909 – 4 December 1987) was a Romanian philosopher, essayist and poet. His preoccupations were throughout all philosophy, from epistemology, philosophy of culture, axiology and philosophic anthropology to ontology and logics, from the history of philosophy to systematic philosophy, from ancient to contemporary philosophy, from translating and interpretation to criticism and creation. In 2006 he was included to the list of the 100 Greatest Romanians of all time by a nationwide poll.
Biography
Noica was born in Vitănești, Teleorman County.
He studied at the Dimitrie Cantemir and Spiru Haret lyceums, both in Bucharest. At Spiru Haret his math teacher was Dan Barbilian (pen name Ion Barbu, poet and mathematician). His debut was in Vlăstarul magazine, in 1927. Between 1928 and 1931 he attended courses of the University of Bucharest's Faculty of Letters and Philosophy, where he graduated in 1931 (thesis: "Problema lucrului în sine la Kant" / "The matter of thing-in-itself in Kant's philosophy"). Here he met as a teacher philosopher Nae Ionescu.
He worked as a librarian at the History of Philosophy Seminar and attended the courses of the Faculty of Mathematics for one year (1933). He was a member of the Criterion Association (1932–1934). Along his friends there, including Mircea Eliade, Mihail Polihroniade, and Haig Acterian, he later supported the fascist Iron Guard.
After attending courses in France between 1938 and 1939 on a French government scholarship, he returned to Bucharest where in 1940 he earned his doctor's degree in philosophy (thesis: Sketch on the history of How is it that there is anything new, published the same year). After General Ion Antonescu installed his dictatorship in collaboration with the Iron Guard in September 1940, Noica served as editor-in-chief of Buna Vestire, the official newspaper of the Iron Guard. In his articles during the period he extolled the organization and its leader, Horia Sima. According to historian Zigu Ornea, his allegiance to the fascist organisation continued after the Iron Guard was suppressed following their failed rebellion.In October 1940 he left for Berlin as a reviewer at Sextil Pușcariu's Romanian-German Institute.
After the war, the Soviet army remained in Romania, backing the establishment of a communist regime. Noica was harassed by the new regime.
In 1949 he was sentenced by the communist authorities to 10 years of forced residence in Câmpulung-Muscel, remaining there until 1958. In December of that year, after making public the book History and Utopia by Emil Cioran (who had left for France), he was sentenced to 25 years of forced labor in the Jilava Prison as a political prisoner, and all his possessions confiscated. He was pardoned after 6 years as part of a general amnesty and released in August 1964.
From 1965 he lived in Bucharest, where he was the principal researcher at the Romanian Academy's Center of Logics. In his two-room apartment, located in Western Drumul Taberei, he held seminars on Hegel's, Plato's, and Kant's philosophy. Among the participants there were Sorin Vieru (his colleague at the Center of Logics), Gabriel Liiceanu, and Andrei Pleșu.
In 1975 he retired and went to live in Păltiniș, near Sibiu, where he remained for the next 12 years, until his death on 4 December 1987. He was buried at the nearby hermitage, having left behind numerous philosophical essays.
In 1988 Constantin Noica was posthumously awarded the Herder Prize, and in 1990, after the fall of communism in Romania, he was inducted as a posthumous member of the Romanian Academy.
Philosophy
The 20th century is thought to be dominated by science. The model of scientific knowledge, which means transforming reality into formal and abstract concepts, is applied in judging the entire environment. This kind of thinking is called by Noica "the logic of Ares", as it considers the individual a simple variable in the Whole. The existence is, for this scientific way of considering things, a statistical fact.
In order to recover the individual senses, the sense of existence, Noica proposes, in opposition with "the logic of Ares", "the logic of Hermes", a way of thinking which considers the individual a reflection of the Whole. The logic of Hermes means understanding the Whole through the part, it means identifying in a single existence the general principles of reality. This way of thinking allows one to understand the meaning of the life of a man oppressed by the quick present moment.
Noica appreciated Greek and German philosophers, as well as several Romanian writers. He recommended to read philosophy, to learn classical languages, particularly ancient Greek, and modern languages, particularly German.
Books
1934 – Mathesis or simple pleasances ("Mathesis sau bucuriile simple")
1936 – Open concepts in the history of philosophy in Descartes, Leibniz and Kant ("Concepte deschise în istoria filozofiei la Descartes, Leibniz și Kant")
1937 – De caelo. Essay around knowledge and the individual ("De caelo. Încercare în jurul cunoașterii și individului")
1937 – Life and philosophy of René Descartes ("Viața și filozofia lui René Descartes")
1940 – Sketch for the history of How is it that there is anything new ("Schiță pentru istoria lui Cum e cu putință ceva nou")
1943 – Two introductions and a passage to idealism ("Două introduceri și o trecere spre idealism")
1944 – Philosophical journal ("Jurnal filosofic")
1944 – Pages on the Romanian soul ("Pagini despre sufletul românesc")
1962 – "Phenomenology of Spirit" by G.W.F. Hegel narrated by Constantin Noica ("Fenomenologia spiritului de G.W.F. Hegel istorisită de Constantin Noica")
1969 – Twenty-seven levels of the real ("Douăzeci și șapte trepte ale realului")
1969 – Platon: Lysis
1970 – The Romanian philosophical utterance ("Rostirea filozofică românească")
1973 – Creation and beauty in Romanian utterance ("Creație și frumos în rostirea românească")
1975 – Eminescu or Thoughts on the complete man of Romanian culture ("Eminescu sau Gânduri despre omul deplin al culturii românești")
1976 – Parting with Goethe ("Despărțirea de Goethe")
1978 – The Romanian sense of being ("Sentimentul românesc al ființei")
1978 – Six maladies of the contemporary spirit. The Romanian spirit at the conjuncture of time ("Șase maladii ale spiritului contemporan. Spiritul românesc în cumpătul vremii")
1980 – Narrations on man, after Hegel's "Phenomenology of Spirit" ("Povestiri despre om")
1981 – Becoming in-to Being, vol. 1: Essay on traditional philosophy, vol. 2: Treatise of ontology ("Devenirea întru ființă", vol. 1: "Încercare asupra filozofiei tradiționale", vol. 2: "Tratat de ontologie")
1984 – Three Introductions to Becoming in-to Being ("Trei introduceri la devenirea întru ființă")
1986 – Letters on the Logic of Hermes ("Scrisori despre logica lui Hermes")
1988 – De dignitate Europae (in German)
1990 – Pray for brother Alexander! ("Rugați-vă pentru fratele Alexandru")
1991 – Journal of Ideas ("Jurnal de idei")
1992 – Sunday essays ("Eseuri de duminică")
1992 – Simple introductions to the kindness of our time ("Simple introduceri la bunătatea timpului nostru")
1992 – Introduction to the Eminescian miracle ("Introducere la miracolul eminescian")
1997 – Cîmpulung manuscripts ("Manuscrisele de la Cîmpulung")
1998 – The spiritual equilibrium. Studies and essays (1929–1947) ("Echilibrul spiritual. Studii și eseuri (1929–1947)")
References
External links
(in Romanian) Noica's page at the Humanitas publishing house [2]
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Filosofia lui Noica între fantasmă și luciditate, Ed. E&B, 1992
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, In labirintul răsfrângerilor. Nae Ionescu prin discipolii săi: Petre Țuțea, Emil Cioran, Constantin Noica, Mircea Eliade, Mircea Vulcănescu si Vasile Băncilă, cu o prefață de Ion Papuc, Slobozia, 2000, ISBN 973-8134056
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Pelerinaj la Păltinișul lui Noica
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Himericul discipolat de la Păltiniș, pretext de fină ironie din partea lui Noica
Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, An adventure beyond which everything is possible, except repetition
Doing Time. An anthology of Noica's works "for the benefit of the students that Noica was never allowed to have", with the volume Brother Alexander translated into English by his wife, Katherine Muston, and an introductory essay (Atitudinea Noica) by C. George Sandulescu, the Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [3]
Noica Anthology. Volume Two: General Philosophy, edited by C. George Sandulescu, Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [4]
Noica Anthology. Volume Three: Rostirea româneascǎ de la Eminescu cetire, edited by C. George Sandulescu, the Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [5]
Counterfeiting Noica! Controversatul Noica rǎsare din nou!, edited by C. George Sandulescu, Contemporary Literature Press (University of Bucharest) [6]
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family name
|
{
"answer_start": [
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"text": [
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Constantin Noica (Romanian: [konstanˈtin ˈnojka]; July 25 [O.S. July 12] 1909 – 4 December 1987) was a Romanian philosopher, essayist and poet. His preoccupations were throughout all philosophy, from epistemology, philosophy of culture, axiology and philosophic anthropology to ontology and logics, from the history of philosophy to systematic philosophy, from ancient to contemporary philosophy, from translating and interpretation to criticism and creation. In 2006 he was included to the list of the 100 Greatest Romanians of all time by a nationwide poll.
Biography
Noica was born in Vitănești, Teleorman County.
He studied at the Dimitrie Cantemir and Spiru Haret lyceums, both in Bucharest. At Spiru Haret his math teacher was Dan Barbilian (pen name Ion Barbu, poet and mathematician). His debut was in Vlăstarul magazine, in 1927. Between 1928 and 1931 he attended courses of the University of Bucharest's Faculty of Letters and Philosophy, where he graduated in 1931 (thesis: "Problema lucrului în sine la Kant" / "The matter of thing-in-itself in Kant's philosophy"). Here he met as a teacher philosopher Nae Ionescu.
He worked as a librarian at the History of Philosophy Seminar and attended the courses of the Faculty of Mathematics for one year (1933). He was a member of the Criterion Association (1932–1934). Along his friends there, including Mircea Eliade, Mihail Polihroniade, and Haig Acterian, he later supported the fascist Iron Guard.
After attending courses in France between 1938 and 1939 on a French government scholarship, he returned to Bucharest where in 1940 he earned his doctor's degree in philosophy (thesis: Sketch on the history of How is it that there is anything new, published the same year). After General Ion Antonescu installed his dictatorship in collaboration with the Iron Guard in September 1940, Noica served as editor-in-chief of Buna Vestire, the official newspaper of the Iron Guard. In his articles during the period he extolled the organization and its leader, Horia Sima. According to historian Zigu Ornea, his allegiance to the fascist organisation continued after the Iron Guard was suppressed following their failed rebellion.In October 1940 he left for Berlin as a reviewer at Sextil Pușcariu's Romanian-German Institute.
After the war, the Soviet army remained in Romania, backing the establishment of a communist regime. Noica was harassed by the new regime.
In 1949 he was sentenced by the communist authorities to 10 years of forced residence in Câmpulung-Muscel, remaining there until 1958. In December of that year, after making public the book History and Utopia by Emil Cioran (who had left for France), he was sentenced to 25 years of forced labor in the Jilava Prison as a political prisoner, and all his possessions confiscated. He was pardoned after 6 years as part of a general amnesty and released in August 1964.
From 1965 he lived in Bucharest, where he was the principal researcher at the Romanian Academy's Center of Logics. In his two-room apartment, located in Western Drumul Taberei, he held seminars on Hegel's, Plato's, and Kant's philosophy. Among the participants there were Sorin Vieru (his colleague at the Center of Logics), Gabriel Liiceanu, and Andrei Pleșu.
In 1975 he retired and went to live in Păltiniș, near Sibiu, where he remained for the next 12 years, until his death on 4 December 1987. He was buried at the nearby hermitage, having left behind numerous philosophical essays.
In 1988 Constantin Noica was posthumously awarded the Herder Prize, and in 1990, after the fall of communism in Romania, he was inducted as a posthumous member of the Romanian Academy.
Philosophy
The 20th century is thought to be dominated by science. The model of scientific knowledge, which means transforming reality into formal and abstract concepts, is applied in judging the entire environment. This kind of thinking is called by Noica "the logic of Ares", as it considers the individual a simple variable in the Whole. The existence is, for this scientific way of considering things, a statistical fact.
In order to recover the individual senses, the sense of existence, Noica proposes, in opposition with "the logic of Ares", "the logic of Hermes", a way of thinking which considers the individual a reflection of the Whole. The logic of Hermes means understanding the Whole through the part, it means identifying in a single existence the general principles of reality. This way of thinking allows one to understand the meaning of the life of a man oppressed by the quick present moment.
Noica appreciated Greek and German philosophers, as well as several Romanian writers. He recommended to read philosophy, to learn classical languages, particularly ancient Greek, and modern languages, particularly German.
Books
1934 – Mathesis or simple pleasances ("Mathesis sau bucuriile simple")
1936 – Open concepts in the history of philosophy in Descartes, Leibniz and Kant ("Concepte deschise în istoria filozofiei la Descartes, Leibniz și Kant")
1937 – De caelo. Essay around knowledge and the individual ("De caelo. Încercare în jurul cunoașterii și individului")
1937 – Life and philosophy of René Descartes ("Viața și filozofia lui René Descartes")
1940 – Sketch for the history of How is it that there is anything new ("Schiță pentru istoria lui Cum e cu putință ceva nou")
1943 – Two introductions and a passage to idealism ("Două introduceri și o trecere spre idealism")
1944 – Philosophical journal ("Jurnal filosofic")
1944 – Pages on the Romanian soul ("Pagini despre sufletul românesc")
1962 – "Phenomenology of Spirit" by G.W.F. Hegel narrated by Constantin Noica ("Fenomenologia spiritului de G.W.F. Hegel istorisită de Constantin Noica")
1969 – Twenty-seven levels of the real ("Douăzeci și șapte trepte ale realului")
1969 – Platon: Lysis
1970 – The Romanian philosophical utterance ("Rostirea filozofică românească")
1973 – Creation and beauty in Romanian utterance ("Creație și frumos în rostirea românească")
1975 – Eminescu or Thoughts on the complete man of Romanian culture ("Eminescu sau Gânduri despre omul deplin al culturii românești")
1976 – Parting with Goethe ("Despărțirea de Goethe")
1978 – The Romanian sense of being ("Sentimentul românesc al ființei")
1978 – Six maladies of the contemporary spirit. The Romanian spirit at the conjuncture of time ("Șase maladii ale spiritului contemporan. Spiritul românesc în cumpătul vremii")
1980 – Narrations on man, after Hegel's "Phenomenology of Spirit" ("Povestiri despre om")
1981 – Becoming in-to Being, vol. 1: Essay on traditional philosophy, vol. 2: Treatise of ontology ("Devenirea întru ființă", vol. 1: "Încercare asupra filozofiei tradiționale", vol. 2: "Tratat de ontologie")
1984 – Three Introductions to Becoming in-to Being ("Trei introduceri la devenirea întru ființă")
1986 – Letters on the Logic of Hermes ("Scrisori despre logica lui Hermes")
1988 – De dignitate Europae (in German)
1990 – Pray for brother Alexander! ("Rugați-vă pentru fratele Alexandru")
1991 – Journal of Ideas ("Jurnal de idei")
1992 – Sunday essays ("Eseuri de duminică")
1992 – Simple introductions to the kindness of our time ("Simple introduceri la bunătatea timpului nostru")
1992 – Introduction to the Eminescian miracle ("Introducere la miracolul eminescian")
1997 – Cîmpulung manuscripts ("Manuscrisele de la Cîmpulung")
1998 – The spiritual equilibrium. Studies and essays (1929–1947) ("Echilibrul spiritual. Studii și eseuri (1929–1947)")
References
External links
(in Romanian) Noica's page at the Humanitas publishing house [2]
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Filosofia lui Noica între fantasmă și luciditate, Ed. E&B, 1992
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, In labirintul răsfrângerilor. Nae Ionescu prin discipolii săi: Petre Țuțea, Emil Cioran, Constantin Noica, Mircea Eliade, Mircea Vulcănescu si Vasile Băncilă, cu o prefață de Ion Papuc, Slobozia, 2000, ISBN 973-8134056
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Pelerinaj la Păltinișul lui Noica
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Himericul discipolat de la Păltiniș, pretext de fină ironie din partea lui Noica
Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, An adventure beyond which everything is possible, except repetition
Doing Time. An anthology of Noica's works "for the benefit of the students that Noica was never allowed to have", with the volume Brother Alexander translated into English by his wife, Katherine Muston, and an introductory essay (Atitudinea Noica) by C. George Sandulescu, the Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [3]
Noica Anthology. Volume Two: General Philosophy, edited by C. George Sandulescu, Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [4]
Noica Anthology. Volume Three: Rostirea româneascǎ de la Eminescu cetire, edited by C. George Sandulescu, the Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [5]
Counterfeiting Noica! Controversatul Noica rǎsare din nou!, edited by C. George Sandulescu, Contemporary Literature Press (University of Bucharest) [6]
|
given name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
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"text": [
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Constantin Noica (Romanian: [konstanˈtin ˈnojka]; July 25 [O.S. July 12] 1909 – 4 December 1987) was a Romanian philosopher, essayist and poet. His preoccupations were throughout all philosophy, from epistemology, philosophy of culture, axiology and philosophic anthropology to ontology and logics, from the history of philosophy to systematic philosophy, from ancient to contemporary philosophy, from translating and interpretation to criticism and creation. In 2006 he was included to the list of the 100 Greatest Romanians of all time by a nationwide poll.
Biography
Noica was born in Vitănești, Teleorman County.
He studied at the Dimitrie Cantemir and Spiru Haret lyceums, both in Bucharest. At Spiru Haret his math teacher was Dan Barbilian (pen name Ion Barbu, poet and mathematician). His debut was in Vlăstarul magazine, in 1927. Between 1928 and 1931 he attended courses of the University of Bucharest's Faculty of Letters and Philosophy, where he graduated in 1931 (thesis: "Problema lucrului în sine la Kant" / "The matter of thing-in-itself in Kant's philosophy"). Here he met as a teacher philosopher Nae Ionescu.
He worked as a librarian at the History of Philosophy Seminar and attended the courses of the Faculty of Mathematics for one year (1933). He was a member of the Criterion Association (1932–1934). Along his friends there, including Mircea Eliade, Mihail Polihroniade, and Haig Acterian, he later supported the fascist Iron Guard.
After attending courses in France between 1938 and 1939 on a French government scholarship, he returned to Bucharest where in 1940 he earned his doctor's degree in philosophy (thesis: Sketch on the history of How is it that there is anything new, published the same year). After General Ion Antonescu installed his dictatorship in collaboration with the Iron Guard in September 1940, Noica served as editor-in-chief of Buna Vestire, the official newspaper of the Iron Guard. In his articles during the period he extolled the organization and its leader, Horia Sima. According to historian Zigu Ornea, his allegiance to the fascist organisation continued after the Iron Guard was suppressed following their failed rebellion.In October 1940 he left for Berlin as a reviewer at Sextil Pușcariu's Romanian-German Institute.
After the war, the Soviet army remained in Romania, backing the establishment of a communist regime. Noica was harassed by the new regime.
In 1949 he was sentenced by the communist authorities to 10 years of forced residence in Câmpulung-Muscel, remaining there until 1958. In December of that year, after making public the book History and Utopia by Emil Cioran (who had left for France), he was sentenced to 25 years of forced labor in the Jilava Prison as a political prisoner, and all his possessions confiscated. He was pardoned after 6 years as part of a general amnesty and released in August 1964.
From 1965 he lived in Bucharest, where he was the principal researcher at the Romanian Academy's Center of Logics. In his two-room apartment, located in Western Drumul Taberei, he held seminars on Hegel's, Plato's, and Kant's philosophy. Among the participants there were Sorin Vieru (his colleague at the Center of Logics), Gabriel Liiceanu, and Andrei Pleșu.
In 1975 he retired and went to live in Păltiniș, near Sibiu, where he remained for the next 12 years, until his death on 4 December 1987. He was buried at the nearby hermitage, having left behind numerous philosophical essays.
In 1988 Constantin Noica was posthumously awarded the Herder Prize, and in 1990, after the fall of communism in Romania, he was inducted as a posthumous member of the Romanian Academy.
Philosophy
The 20th century is thought to be dominated by science. The model of scientific knowledge, which means transforming reality into formal and abstract concepts, is applied in judging the entire environment. This kind of thinking is called by Noica "the logic of Ares", as it considers the individual a simple variable in the Whole. The existence is, for this scientific way of considering things, a statistical fact.
In order to recover the individual senses, the sense of existence, Noica proposes, in opposition with "the logic of Ares", "the logic of Hermes", a way of thinking which considers the individual a reflection of the Whole. The logic of Hermes means understanding the Whole through the part, it means identifying in a single existence the general principles of reality. This way of thinking allows one to understand the meaning of the life of a man oppressed by the quick present moment.
Noica appreciated Greek and German philosophers, as well as several Romanian writers. He recommended to read philosophy, to learn classical languages, particularly ancient Greek, and modern languages, particularly German.
Books
1934 – Mathesis or simple pleasances ("Mathesis sau bucuriile simple")
1936 – Open concepts in the history of philosophy in Descartes, Leibniz and Kant ("Concepte deschise în istoria filozofiei la Descartes, Leibniz și Kant")
1937 – De caelo. Essay around knowledge and the individual ("De caelo. Încercare în jurul cunoașterii și individului")
1937 – Life and philosophy of René Descartes ("Viața și filozofia lui René Descartes")
1940 – Sketch for the history of How is it that there is anything new ("Schiță pentru istoria lui Cum e cu putință ceva nou")
1943 – Two introductions and a passage to idealism ("Două introduceri și o trecere spre idealism")
1944 – Philosophical journal ("Jurnal filosofic")
1944 – Pages on the Romanian soul ("Pagini despre sufletul românesc")
1962 – "Phenomenology of Spirit" by G.W.F. Hegel narrated by Constantin Noica ("Fenomenologia spiritului de G.W.F. Hegel istorisită de Constantin Noica")
1969 – Twenty-seven levels of the real ("Douăzeci și șapte trepte ale realului")
1969 – Platon: Lysis
1970 – The Romanian philosophical utterance ("Rostirea filozofică românească")
1973 – Creation and beauty in Romanian utterance ("Creație și frumos în rostirea românească")
1975 – Eminescu or Thoughts on the complete man of Romanian culture ("Eminescu sau Gânduri despre omul deplin al culturii românești")
1976 – Parting with Goethe ("Despărțirea de Goethe")
1978 – The Romanian sense of being ("Sentimentul românesc al ființei")
1978 – Six maladies of the contemporary spirit. The Romanian spirit at the conjuncture of time ("Șase maladii ale spiritului contemporan. Spiritul românesc în cumpătul vremii")
1980 – Narrations on man, after Hegel's "Phenomenology of Spirit" ("Povestiri despre om")
1981 – Becoming in-to Being, vol. 1: Essay on traditional philosophy, vol. 2: Treatise of ontology ("Devenirea întru ființă", vol. 1: "Încercare asupra filozofiei tradiționale", vol. 2: "Tratat de ontologie")
1984 – Three Introductions to Becoming in-to Being ("Trei introduceri la devenirea întru ființă")
1986 – Letters on the Logic of Hermes ("Scrisori despre logica lui Hermes")
1988 – De dignitate Europae (in German)
1990 – Pray for brother Alexander! ("Rugați-vă pentru fratele Alexandru")
1991 – Journal of Ideas ("Jurnal de idei")
1992 – Sunday essays ("Eseuri de duminică")
1992 – Simple introductions to the kindness of our time ("Simple introduceri la bunătatea timpului nostru")
1992 – Introduction to the Eminescian miracle ("Introducere la miracolul eminescian")
1997 – Cîmpulung manuscripts ("Manuscrisele de la Cîmpulung")
1998 – The spiritual equilibrium. Studies and essays (1929–1947) ("Echilibrul spiritual. Studii și eseuri (1929–1947)")
References
External links
(in Romanian) Noica's page at the Humanitas publishing house [2]
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Filosofia lui Noica între fantasmă și luciditate, Ed. E&B, 1992
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, In labirintul răsfrângerilor. Nae Ionescu prin discipolii săi: Petre Țuțea, Emil Cioran, Constantin Noica, Mircea Eliade, Mircea Vulcănescu si Vasile Băncilă, cu o prefață de Ion Papuc, Slobozia, 2000, ISBN 973-8134056
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Pelerinaj la Păltinișul lui Noica
(in Romanian) Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, Himericul discipolat de la Păltiniș, pretext de fină ironie din partea lui Noica
Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba, An adventure beyond which everything is possible, except repetition
Doing Time. An anthology of Noica's works "for the benefit of the students that Noica was never allowed to have", with the volume Brother Alexander translated into English by his wife, Katherine Muston, and an introductory essay (Atitudinea Noica) by C. George Sandulescu, the Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [3]
Noica Anthology. Volume Two: General Philosophy, edited by C. George Sandulescu, Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [4]
Noica Anthology. Volume Three: Rostirea româneascǎ de la Eminescu cetire, edited by C. George Sandulescu, the Contemporary Literature Press (Bucharest University) [5]
Counterfeiting Noica! Controversatul Noica rǎsare din nou!, edited by C. George Sandulescu, Contemporary Literature Press (University of Bucharest) [6]
|
languages spoken, written or signed
|
{
"answer_start": [
18
],
"text": [
"Romanian"
]
}
|
Bapoo Burjorji 'B.B.' Mama (April 8, 1924 in Bombay – March 18, 1995 in Bombay) was a cricket statistician.
Bapoo Mama was a major figure in Indian cricket statistics in the second half of the twentieth century. In the 1970s and eighties, he contributed columns like Follow 'em with BBM, Figures are Fun, Factfile and Down the Memory Lane to prominent periodicals like the Sportstar, Sportsweek, Times of India and Pakistan Cricket International. He was also a regular contributor to the Indian sections in the Wisden. He served as the official statistician of the national channel Doordarshan from 1973 to 1988.
Mama was educated in Bombay but moved to Panchgani in Maharashtra in 1948 for reasons of health. He lived most of the rest of his life there. He died following a short illness of intestinal and lung complications.
References
Obituary in Indian Cricket 1996
|
occupation
|
{
"answer_start": [
96
],
"text": [
"statistician"
]
}
|
Ayo Simon Okosun (born 21 July 1993) is a Danish footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Vendsyssel FF.
Personal life
Okosun was born in Denmark and is of Nigerian and German descent.
References
External links
Ayo Simon Okosun at Soccerway
|
country of citizenship
|
{
"answer_start": [
150
],
"text": [
"Denmark"
]
}
|
Ayo Simon Okosun (born 21 July 1993) is a Danish footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Vendsyssel FF.
Personal life
Okosun was born in Denmark and is of Nigerian and German descent.
References
External links
Ayo Simon Okosun at Soccerway
|
member of sports team
|
{
"answer_start": [
101
],
"text": [
"Vendsyssel FF"
]
}
|
Ayo Simon Okosun (born 21 July 1993) is a Danish footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Vendsyssel FF.
Personal life
Okosun was born in Denmark and is of Nigerian and German descent.
References
External links
Ayo Simon Okosun at Soccerway
|
position played on team / speciality
|
{
"answer_start": [
86
],
"text": [
"midfielder"
]
}
|
Ayo Simon Okosun (born 21 July 1993) is a Danish footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Vendsyssel FF.
Personal life
Okosun was born in Denmark and is of Nigerian and German descent.
References
External links
Ayo Simon Okosun at Soccerway
|
family name
|
{
"answer_start": [
10
],
"text": [
"Okosun"
]
}
|
Ayo Simon Okosun (born 21 July 1993) is a Danish footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Vendsyssel FF.
Personal life
Okosun was born in Denmark and is of Nigerian and German descent.
References
External links
Ayo Simon Okosun at Soccerway
|
given name
|
{
"answer_start": [
4
],
"text": [
"Simon"
]
}
|
Silina (Russian: Силина) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:
Silina (Beloyevskoye Rural Settlement), Kudymkarsky District, Perm Krai, a village in Kudymkarsky District, Perm Krai
Silina (Verkh-Invenskoye Rural Settlement), Kudymkarsky District, Perm Krai, a village in Kudymkarsky District, Perm Krai
|
country
|
{
"answer_start": [
8
],
"text": [
"Russia"
]
}
|
Silina (Russian: Силина) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:
Silina (Beloyevskoye Rural Settlement), Kudymkarsky District, Perm Krai, a village in Kudymkarsky District, Perm Krai
Silina (Verkh-Invenskoye Rural Settlement), Kudymkarsky District, Perm Krai, a village in Kudymkarsky District, Perm Krai
|
different from
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Silina"
]
}
|
Silina (Russian: Силина) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:
Silina (Beloyevskoye Rural Settlement), Kudymkarsky District, Perm Krai, a village in Kudymkarsky District, Perm Krai
Silina (Verkh-Invenskoye Rural Settlement), Kudymkarsky District, Perm Krai, a village in Kudymkarsky District, Perm Krai
|
native label
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Silina"
]
}
|
Cerro Jaua is a tepui in Bolivar State, Venezuela. The mountain has a height of 2395 meters, It was included in Jaua-Sarisariñama National Park which has been subsumed within Caura National Park.
Wildlife
Cerro Jaua, like some other tepuis, has endemic frog species. These include Anomaloglossus ayarzaguenai (La Marca 1996), Stefania oculosa (Señaris, Ayarzagüena, and Gorzula, 1997) and Stefania percristata (Señaris, Ayarzagüena, and Gorzula, 1997).
== References ==
|
country
|
{
"answer_start": [
40
],
"text": [
"Venezuela"
]
}
|
Cerro Jaua is a tepui in Bolivar State, Venezuela. The mountain has a height of 2395 meters, It was included in Jaua-Sarisariñama National Park which has been subsumed within Caura National Park.
Wildlife
Cerro Jaua, like some other tepuis, has endemic frog species. These include Anomaloglossus ayarzaguenai (La Marca 1996), Stefania oculosa (Señaris, Ayarzagüena, and Gorzula, 1997) and Stefania percristata (Señaris, Ayarzagüena, and Gorzula, 1997).
== References ==
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
55
],
"text": [
"mountain"
]
}
|
Cerro Jaua is a tepui in Bolivar State, Venezuela. The mountain has a height of 2395 meters, It was included in Jaua-Sarisariñama National Park which has been subsumed within Caura National Park.
Wildlife
Cerro Jaua, like some other tepuis, has endemic frog species. These include Anomaloglossus ayarzaguenai (La Marca 1996), Stefania oculosa (Señaris, Ayarzagüena, and Gorzula, 1997) and Stefania percristata (Señaris, Ayarzagüena, and Gorzula, 1997).
== References ==
|
elevation above sea level
|
{
"answer_start": [
80
],
"text": [
"2395"
]
}
|
Cerro Jaua is a tepui in Bolivar State, Venezuela. The mountain has a height of 2395 meters, It was included in Jaua-Sarisariñama National Park which has been subsumed within Caura National Park.
Wildlife
Cerro Jaua, like some other tepuis, has endemic frog species. These include Anomaloglossus ayarzaguenai (La Marca 1996), Stefania oculosa (Señaris, Ayarzagüena, and Gorzula, 1997) and Stefania percristata (Señaris, Ayarzagüena, and Gorzula, 1997).
== References ==
|
located in protected area
|
{
"answer_start": [
112
],
"text": [
"Jaua-Sarisariñama National Park"
]
}
|
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