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Federici is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Aldo Federici (born 1920), Italian ice hockey player
Adam Federici (born 1985), Australian footballer
Anthony Federici (born 1940), identified as a captain in the Genovese crime family
Autumn Federici, American model, producer, and actress
Camillo Federici (1749-1802), Italian actor and playwright
Cesare Federici (c. 1530-1600/1603), Italian merchant and traveler
Daniele Federici (born 1988), Italian footballer
Daniel Paul "Danny" Federici (1950–2008), American musician
Emanuele Federici (born 1978), Italian lightweight rower
Frederick Federici (1850–1888), Italian-born British opera singer
Giovanni Battista Federici (1615–1657), Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Sagone
Italia Federici, President of the Council of Republicans for Environmental Advocacy
Nora Federici (1910–2001), Italian statistician
Olivia Federici (born 1990), British swimmer
Petrus Federici (1571–1613), Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Vulturara e Montecorvino
Silvia Federici (born 1942), Italian American scholar, teacher, and activist
|
different from
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"text": [
"Federici"
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Federici is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Aldo Federici (born 1920), Italian ice hockey player
Adam Federici (born 1985), Australian footballer
Anthony Federici (born 1940), identified as a captain in the Genovese crime family
Autumn Federici, American model, producer, and actress
Camillo Federici (1749-1802), Italian actor and playwright
Cesare Federici (c. 1530-1600/1603), Italian merchant and traveler
Daniele Federici (born 1988), Italian footballer
Daniel Paul "Danny" Federici (1950–2008), American musician
Emanuele Federici (born 1978), Italian lightweight rower
Frederick Federici (1850–1888), Italian-born British opera singer
Giovanni Battista Federici (1615–1657), Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Sagone
Italia Federici, President of the Council of Republicans for Environmental Advocacy
Nora Federici (1910–2001), Italian statistician
Olivia Federici (born 1990), British swimmer
Petrus Federici (1571–1613), Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Vulturara e Montecorvino
Silvia Federici (born 1942), Italian American scholar, teacher, and activist
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native label
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Echinoporidae is a family of trematodes belonging to the order Plagiorchiida.Genera:
Echinoporus
== References ==
|
taxon rank
|
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19
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Echinoporidae is a family of trematodes belonging to the order Plagiorchiida.Genera:
Echinoporus
== References ==
|
taxon name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
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"text": [
"Echinoporidae"
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|
Kentucky Route 331 (KY 331) is a 3.1-mile-long (5.0 km) state highway in the U.S. state of Kentucky. The highway travels through northwestern parts of Owensboro, within Daviess County.
Route description
KY 331 begins at an intersection with U.S. Route 60 (US 60) in the northwestern part of Owensboro, within Daviess County. It travels to the east-southeast, along the northern edge of Joe Ford Nature Park, and turns to the north-northwest. At this point, it temporarily leaves the city limits of Owensboro. When it re-enters the city, it is just west of the Thompson–Berry Park. The highway again leaves the city and curves to the north-northeast. When it re-enters the city, it curves to the east-southeast and begins to curve back to the north-northwest. It leaves the city one final time for a very brief distance. After the highway re-enters the city, it curves to the northwest and begins to parallel some railroad tracks of CSX. Just after the highway curves back to the north-northwest, it intersects the eastern terminus of both Griffith Station Road and Lower River Road and meets its northern terminus.
Major intersections
The entire route is in Owensboro, Daviess County.
See also
U.S. Roads portal
United States portal
== References ==
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918
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Kentucky Route 331 (KY 331) is a 3.1-mile-long (5.0 km) state highway in the U.S. state of Kentucky. The highway travels through northwestern parts of Owensboro, within Daviess County.
Route description
KY 331 begins at an intersection with U.S. Route 60 (US 60) in the northwestern part of Owensboro, within Daviess County. It travels to the east-southeast, along the northern edge of Joe Ford Nature Park, and turns to the north-northwest. At this point, it temporarily leaves the city limits of Owensboro. When it re-enters the city, it is just west of the Thompson–Berry Park. The highway again leaves the city and curves to the north-northeast. When it re-enters the city, it curves to the east-southeast and begins to curve back to the north-northwest. It leaves the city one final time for a very brief distance. After the highway re-enters the city, it curves to the northwest and begins to parallel some railroad tracks of CSX. Just after the highway curves back to the north-northwest, it intersects the eastern terminus of both Griffith Station Road and Lower River Road and meets its northern terminus.
Major intersections
The entire route is in Owensboro, Daviess County.
See also
U.S. Roads portal
United States portal
== References ==
|
located in the administrative territorial entity
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Kentucky"
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|
Kentucky Route 331 (KY 331) is a 3.1-mile-long (5.0 km) state highway in the U.S. state of Kentucky. The highway travels through northwestern parts of Owensboro, within Daviess County.
Route description
KY 331 begins at an intersection with U.S. Route 60 (US 60) in the northwestern part of Owensboro, within Daviess County. It travels to the east-southeast, along the northern edge of Joe Ford Nature Park, and turns to the north-northwest. At this point, it temporarily leaves the city limits of Owensboro. When it re-enters the city, it is just west of the Thompson–Berry Park. The highway again leaves the city and curves to the north-northeast. When it re-enters the city, it curves to the east-southeast and begins to curve back to the north-northwest. It leaves the city one final time for a very brief distance. After the highway re-enters the city, it curves to the northwest and begins to parallel some railroad tracks of CSX. Just after the highway curves back to the north-northwest, it intersects the eastern terminus of both Griffith Station Road and Lower River Road and meets its northern terminus.
Major intersections
The entire route is in Owensboro, Daviess County.
See also
U.S. Roads portal
United States portal
== References ==
|
length
|
{
"answer_start": [
33
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"text": [
"3.1"
]
}
|
"Sunshine of Your Love" is a 1967 song by the British rock band Cream. With elements of hard rock and psychedelia, it is one of Cream's best known and most popular songs. Cream bassist and vocalist Jack Bruce based it on a distinctive bass riff he developed after attending a Jimi Hendrix concert. Guitarist Eric Clapton and lyricist Pete Brown later contributed to the song and drummer Ginger Baker plays a distinctive tom-tom drum rhythm.
The song was included on Cream's best-selling second album Disraeli Gears in November 1967. Atco Records, the group's American label, was initially unsure of the song's potential. After recommendations by other label-affiliated artists, it released an edited single version in December 1967. The song became Cream's first and highest charting American single and one of the most popular singles of 1968. In September 1968, it became a modest chart hit after being released in the UK.
Cream performed "Sunshine of Your Love" regularly in concert and several live recordings have been issued, including on the Royal Albert Hall London May 2-3-5-6, 2005 reunion album and video. Hendrix performed faster instrumental versions of the song, which he often dedicated to Cream. Several rock journals have placed the song on their greatest song lists, such as Rolling Stone, Q magazine, and VH1. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame included it on its list of the "500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll".
Composition
In early 1967, Cream were writing and rehearsing songs for a second album. Their December 1966 debut album, Fresh Cream, was a mix of updated blues numbers and pop-oriented rock songs. Inspired by recent developments in rock music, the group began pursuing a more overtly psychedelic direction. "Sunshine of Your Love" began as a bass phrase or riff developed by Cream bassist Jack Bruce. Cream attended a concert on 29 January 1967 by the Jimi Hendrix Experience at the Saville Theatre in London. Cream guitarist Eric Clapton elaborated in a 1988 Rolling Stone magazine interview:
He [Hendrix] played this gig that was blinding. I don't think Jack [Bruce] had really taken him in before ... and when he did see it that night, after the gig he went home and came up with the riff. It was strictly a dedication to Jimi. And then we wrote a song on top of it.
Music writers Covach and Boone describe the riff as blues-derived, which uses a minor blues pentatonic scale with an added flattened fifth note (or common blues scale). The song follows a blues chord progression (I–IV–I) during the first eight bars. Brown had a difficult time writing lyrics that fit the riff. After an all-night session, Bruce played it on a standup bass while lyricist Pete Brown was staring out the window. Slowly, he started to write "It's getting near dawn and lights close their tired eyes", which is used in the first verse. Later, to break up the rhythm, Clapton wrote a refrain which also yielded the song's title. It consists of eight-bar sections using three chords, when the key shifts to the V chord (I = V):
A bootleg recording from the Ricky-Tick club in London before Cream recorded the song in the studio, shows "Sunshine of Your Love" with a beat common to rock for the period. Cream drummer Ginger Baker compared it to the uptempo "Hey Now, Princess", another Bruce-Brown composition Cream recorded in March. He said that he advised Bruce to slow it down and came up with the distinctive drum pattern which emphasises beats one and three (typical rock drumming favours beats two and four and is known as the backbeat). However, Bruce and recording engineer Tom Dowd dispute Baker's claim, which they say he only made much later. Dowd later explained
Where all the other songs that they [Cream] played were prepared, [but] this one song, they never found a pocket, they were never comfortable ... I said, 'You know, have you ever seen any American Westerns [films that have] the Indian beat, where the downbeat is the beat?' ... And when he [Ginger] started playing it that way, all of the parts came together and right away they were elated.
Recording
Cream performed their first American concerts in New York City in 1967. Robert Stigwood, the group's manager, booked them for a Murray the K package show at the RKO Manhattan Theatre from 25 March to 2 April 1967. When it was finished, Stigwood arranged for a recording session with Ahmet Ertegun at Atlantic Studios. Bruce and Brown had a number of new songs in various stages of development and entered the studio on 3 April. Initially, Ertegun assigned Dowd to work with the trio. Dowd had worked with many of the biggest jazz and rhythm and blues musicians in the 1950s and 1960s. However, Cream was his first exposure to extreme volume levels. The group arrived at Atlantic with their concert setup of multiple Marshall amplifiers (each 100 watts). Dowd was surprised by the amount of equipment accompanying the trio: "They recorded at ear-shattering level ... Everyone I'd worked with before was using Fender Deluxes [about 20 watts] or Twins [about 80 watts]—six- and seven-piece bands that didn't play as loud as this three piece did."Ertegun brought in producer Felix Pappalardi, who he believed could work as a go-between with the group and Dowd. They began with "Strange Brew", "Tales of Brave Ulysses", and "Sunshine of Your Love". Ertegun previewed the demos and was unhappy, expecting more blues-based material that was found on Fresh Cream. Jerry Wexler, Ertegun's Atlantic Records partner, reportedly went as far as to call it "psychedelic hogwash". However, Booker T. Jones (producer and keyboardist of Booker T. & the M.G.'s) and Otis Redding (both whose Stax recordings at the time were distributed by Atco parent Atlantic) gave "Sunshine of Your Love" their wholehearted approval. Differences were smoothed over by the time Cream returned in May 1967 to finish recording the songs for Disraeli Gears.With Pappalardi and Dowd, work continued on "Sunshine of Your Love". For his guitar solo, Clapton used a sound known as the "woman tone", which is described as "smooth, dark, singing, sustaining", by author Mitch Gallagher. The actual guitar that Clapton used has been identified as a 1964 Gibson SG, known as "the Fool". It is one of the best-known examples of the woman tone and quotes the melody from the perennial pop standard "Blue Moon". By using the song's major pentatonic scale, Clapton provides a contrast with the riff's blues scale. A writer for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame describes this as "creating a balance between the sun and the moon".Baker plays much of the song on the tom-toms, described as sounding African (Schumacher) and Native American (Shapiro). Covach and Boone note he "concentrates on the lower tom sounds and uses an articulation and sound reminiscent of the jazz drumming in the Woody Herman or Benny Goodman bands".
Releases and charts
"Sunshine of Your Love" was included as the second track on Disraeli Gears, which was released in November 1967 by Reaction Records in the UK and Atco Records in the US. At first, Atco did not see the song as a single ("Strange Brew", backed with "Tales of Brave Ulysses" had been released as a single in June 1967). However, in December 1967, the label issued an edited version of the song as the second single from the album, backed with "SWLABR" (the running time was trimmed from 4:08 to 3:03).
It entered Billboard magazine's Hot 100 chart on 13 January 1968, reaching number 36 during its initial 14-week run. The record re-entered the chart on 6 July 1968 and reached number five on 31 August 1968. In the UK, the single was not released until September 1968, after Cream had announced their impending breakup. Polydor Records issued the UK single, which reached number 25 in the charts.
The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) certified the single gold on 26 September 1968, signifying sales in excess of 1,000,000 copies. In the US, it became one of the best selling singles of 1968 and one of the best-selling at the time for the Atlantic group of labels. As one of Cream's most popular songs, several of the group's compilation albums include the full-length studio recording, such as Best of Cream, Heavy Cream, The Very Best of Cream, and the boxed set Those Were the Days. In the United Kingdom, the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) certified the song gold in September 2022, denoting sales and streaming figures exceeding 400,000 units.
Recognition and influence
In 2004, the song ranked number 65 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the "500 Greatest Songs of All Time". In March 2005, Q magazine placed "Sunshine of Your Love" at number 19 on its list of the "100 Greatest Guitar Tracks Ever!" In 2009, VH1 included it at number 44 on its list of the "Top 100 Hard Rock Songs". The song is on the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's list of the "500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll".Ertegun later admitted that, while his tastes ran more to Robert Johnson (Clapton had recorded Johnson's "Ramblin' on My Mind" with John Mayall, "Crossroads" with the Powerhouse, and "Four Until Late" with Cream), Cream's and Pappalardi's vision resulted in songs which had a much larger impact on the rock audiences of the time. Covach and Boone identified "Sunshine of Your Love" as foreshadowing future trends in rock:
'Sunshine of Your Love', Cream's best-known song, is a culmination of the British adaptation of blues into rock and also the direct precursor of Led Zeppelin and heavy metal, where this type of blues-based motivic riff and harmonic motions like A–C–G or E–G–A (as in "Whole Lotta Love") serve as the basis for a seemingly endless number of songs.
Other recordings
Several live recordings of "Sunshine of Your Love" have been issued on Cream albums. These include a 24 October 1967 recording by the BBC (BBC Sessions), 9 March 1968 at the Winterland Ballroom (Live Cream Volume II), and 26 November 1968 at the Royal Albert Hall (Cream's Farewell Concert). A recording from Cream's reunion show on 3 May 2005 is included on Royal Albert Hall London May 2-3-5-6, 2005. During their post-Cream careers, Clapton and Bruce recorded several live performances of the song.A variety of musicians have recorded "Sunshine of Your Love". After Cream announced their breakup, Hendrix often performed it in concert as a tribute to the group, apparently unaware that they had dedicated the song to him. He played it as an instrumental and sometimes as part of a medley. A performance by the Experience on 4 January 1969 is one of the best-known. During the live broadcast of A Happening for Lulu, a music variety show hosted by pop singer Lulu on BBC Television, the Experience suddenly broke with the programme. Hendrix announced, "We'd like to stop playing this rubbish ["Hey Joe"] and dedicate a song to the Cream, regardless of what kind of group they may be in – dedicate this to Eric Clapton, Ginger Baker, and Jack Bruce". As their performance of "Sunshine of Your Love" ran into the time allotted for Lulu's closing number, the show's producer and staff were frantically signalling for the Experience to stop. However, they continued playing and the show ended on a fade. Hendrix later apologised to Lulu, who thought the performance made for a great television moment.
Notes
Footnotes
Citations
References
Adelt, Ulrich (2007). Black, White and Blue: Racial Politics of Blues Music in the 1960s. ISBN 978-0549341963.
Belmo; Loveless, Steve (1998). Jimi Hendrix: Experience the Music. Burlington, Ontario: Collector's Guide Publishing. ISBN 1-896522-45-9.
Birnbaum, Larry (2012). Before Elvis: The Prehistory of Rock 'n' Roll. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-8629-2.
Black, Johnny (1999). Jimi Hendrix: The Ultimate Experience. New York City: Thunder's Mouth Press. ISBN 1-56025-240-5.
Brewer, Jon (Director) (2005). Cream: Their Fully Authorized Story (DVD documentary). Chatsworth, California: Image Entertainment. OCLC 78626813. ID324715DVD.
Covach, John; Boone, Graeme M. (1997). Understanding Rock: Essays in Musical Analysis: Essays in Musical Analysis. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195356625.
Denisoff, R. Serge (1975). Solid Gold: The Popular Record Industry. Piscataway, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers. ISBN 978-0878555864.
Gallagher, Mitch (2012). Guitar Tone: Pursuing the Ultimate Guitar Sound. Boston, Massachusetts: Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-1435456211.
Hoffmann, Frank (1983). The Cash Box Singles Charts, 1950–1981. Lanham, Maryland: The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0810815957.
Lawrence, Robb (2008). The Early Years of the Les Paul Legacy 1915–1963. Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Hal Leonard. ISBN 978--0-634-04861-6.
McDermott, John; Kramer, Eddie; Cox, Billy (2009). Ultimate Hendrix. New York City: Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-0-87930-938-1.
Munro, Doug (2005). Jazz Guitar: Organ Trio Blues. Van Nuys, California: Alfred Music. ISBN 978-0757937279.
Oxman, J. Craig (December 2011). "Clapton's Fool: History's Greatest Guitar?". Vintage Guitar. Alan Greenwood. ISSN 1067-2605. Retrieved 2 January 2012.
Roberty, Mark (1993). Slowhand: The Complete Life and Times of Eric Clapton. New York City: Crown Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-517-88118-7.
Schumacher, Michael (2003). Crossroads: The Life and Music of Eric Clapton. New York City: Citadel Press. ISBN 978-0806524665.
Shapiro, Harry; Glebbeek, Cesar (1990). Jimi Hendrix: Electric Gypsy. New York City: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-05861-6.
Shapiro, Harry (2009). Jack Bruce: Composing Himself: The Authorised Biography. Jawbone Publishing. ISBN 978-1906002268.
Thompson, Dave (2012). Cream: How Eric Clapton Took the World by Storm. New York City: Random House. ISBN 978-1448133710.
Welch, Chris (2000). Cream: The Legendary Sixties Supergroup. Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-1476851501.
Welch, Chris (2011). Clapton. Voyageur Press. ISBN 978-1610597715.
Whitburn, Joel (2015). Top Pop Singles 1955–1996. Menomomee Falls, Wisconsin: Record Research. ISBN 978-0-89820-123-9.
External links
"Sunshine of Your Love" at Discogs (list of releases)
Cream – "Sunshine of Your Love" (album version, audio only) on YouTube
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"Sunshine of Your Love" is a 1967 song by the British rock band Cream. With elements of hard rock and psychedelia, it is one of Cream's best known and most popular songs. Cream bassist and vocalist Jack Bruce based it on a distinctive bass riff he developed after attending a Jimi Hendrix concert. Guitarist Eric Clapton and lyricist Pete Brown later contributed to the song and drummer Ginger Baker plays a distinctive tom-tom drum rhythm.
The song was included on Cream's best-selling second album Disraeli Gears in November 1967. Atco Records, the group's American label, was initially unsure of the song's potential. After recommendations by other label-affiliated artists, it released an edited single version in December 1967. The song became Cream's first and highest charting American single and one of the most popular singles of 1968. In September 1968, it became a modest chart hit after being released in the UK.
Cream performed "Sunshine of Your Love" regularly in concert and several live recordings have been issued, including on the Royal Albert Hall London May 2-3-5-6, 2005 reunion album and video. Hendrix performed faster instrumental versions of the song, which he often dedicated to Cream. Several rock journals have placed the song on their greatest song lists, such as Rolling Stone, Q magazine, and VH1. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame included it on its list of the "500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll".
Composition
In early 1967, Cream were writing and rehearsing songs for a second album. Their December 1966 debut album, Fresh Cream, was a mix of updated blues numbers and pop-oriented rock songs. Inspired by recent developments in rock music, the group began pursuing a more overtly psychedelic direction. "Sunshine of Your Love" began as a bass phrase or riff developed by Cream bassist Jack Bruce. Cream attended a concert on 29 January 1967 by the Jimi Hendrix Experience at the Saville Theatre in London. Cream guitarist Eric Clapton elaborated in a 1988 Rolling Stone magazine interview:
He [Hendrix] played this gig that was blinding. I don't think Jack [Bruce] had really taken him in before ... and when he did see it that night, after the gig he went home and came up with the riff. It was strictly a dedication to Jimi. And then we wrote a song on top of it.
Music writers Covach and Boone describe the riff as blues-derived, which uses a minor blues pentatonic scale with an added flattened fifth note (or common blues scale). The song follows a blues chord progression (I–IV–I) during the first eight bars. Brown had a difficult time writing lyrics that fit the riff. After an all-night session, Bruce played it on a standup bass while lyricist Pete Brown was staring out the window. Slowly, he started to write "It's getting near dawn and lights close their tired eyes", which is used in the first verse. Later, to break up the rhythm, Clapton wrote a refrain which also yielded the song's title. It consists of eight-bar sections using three chords, when the key shifts to the V chord (I = V):
A bootleg recording from the Ricky-Tick club in London before Cream recorded the song in the studio, shows "Sunshine of Your Love" with a beat common to rock for the period. Cream drummer Ginger Baker compared it to the uptempo "Hey Now, Princess", another Bruce-Brown composition Cream recorded in March. He said that he advised Bruce to slow it down and came up with the distinctive drum pattern which emphasises beats one and three (typical rock drumming favours beats two and four and is known as the backbeat). However, Bruce and recording engineer Tom Dowd dispute Baker's claim, which they say he only made much later. Dowd later explained
Where all the other songs that they [Cream] played were prepared, [but] this one song, they never found a pocket, they were never comfortable ... I said, 'You know, have you ever seen any American Westerns [films that have] the Indian beat, where the downbeat is the beat?' ... And when he [Ginger] started playing it that way, all of the parts came together and right away they were elated.
Recording
Cream performed their first American concerts in New York City in 1967. Robert Stigwood, the group's manager, booked them for a Murray the K package show at the RKO Manhattan Theatre from 25 March to 2 April 1967. When it was finished, Stigwood arranged for a recording session with Ahmet Ertegun at Atlantic Studios. Bruce and Brown had a number of new songs in various stages of development and entered the studio on 3 April. Initially, Ertegun assigned Dowd to work with the trio. Dowd had worked with many of the biggest jazz and rhythm and blues musicians in the 1950s and 1960s. However, Cream was his first exposure to extreme volume levels. The group arrived at Atlantic with their concert setup of multiple Marshall amplifiers (each 100 watts). Dowd was surprised by the amount of equipment accompanying the trio: "They recorded at ear-shattering level ... Everyone I'd worked with before was using Fender Deluxes [about 20 watts] or Twins [about 80 watts]—six- and seven-piece bands that didn't play as loud as this three piece did."Ertegun brought in producer Felix Pappalardi, who he believed could work as a go-between with the group and Dowd. They began with "Strange Brew", "Tales of Brave Ulysses", and "Sunshine of Your Love". Ertegun previewed the demos and was unhappy, expecting more blues-based material that was found on Fresh Cream. Jerry Wexler, Ertegun's Atlantic Records partner, reportedly went as far as to call it "psychedelic hogwash". However, Booker T. Jones (producer and keyboardist of Booker T. & the M.G.'s) and Otis Redding (both whose Stax recordings at the time were distributed by Atco parent Atlantic) gave "Sunshine of Your Love" their wholehearted approval. Differences were smoothed over by the time Cream returned in May 1967 to finish recording the songs for Disraeli Gears.With Pappalardi and Dowd, work continued on "Sunshine of Your Love". For his guitar solo, Clapton used a sound known as the "woman tone", which is described as "smooth, dark, singing, sustaining", by author Mitch Gallagher. The actual guitar that Clapton used has been identified as a 1964 Gibson SG, known as "the Fool". It is one of the best-known examples of the woman tone and quotes the melody from the perennial pop standard "Blue Moon". By using the song's major pentatonic scale, Clapton provides a contrast with the riff's blues scale. A writer for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame describes this as "creating a balance between the sun and the moon".Baker plays much of the song on the tom-toms, described as sounding African (Schumacher) and Native American (Shapiro). Covach and Boone note he "concentrates on the lower tom sounds and uses an articulation and sound reminiscent of the jazz drumming in the Woody Herman or Benny Goodman bands".
Releases and charts
"Sunshine of Your Love" was included as the second track on Disraeli Gears, which was released in November 1967 by Reaction Records in the UK and Atco Records in the US. At first, Atco did not see the song as a single ("Strange Brew", backed with "Tales of Brave Ulysses" had been released as a single in June 1967). However, in December 1967, the label issued an edited version of the song as the second single from the album, backed with "SWLABR" (the running time was trimmed from 4:08 to 3:03).
It entered Billboard magazine's Hot 100 chart on 13 January 1968, reaching number 36 during its initial 14-week run. The record re-entered the chart on 6 July 1968 and reached number five on 31 August 1968. In the UK, the single was not released until September 1968, after Cream had announced their impending breakup. Polydor Records issued the UK single, which reached number 25 in the charts.
The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) certified the single gold on 26 September 1968, signifying sales in excess of 1,000,000 copies. In the US, it became one of the best selling singles of 1968 and one of the best-selling at the time for the Atlantic group of labels. As one of Cream's most popular songs, several of the group's compilation albums include the full-length studio recording, such as Best of Cream, Heavy Cream, The Very Best of Cream, and the boxed set Those Were the Days. In the United Kingdom, the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) certified the song gold in September 2022, denoting sales and streaming figures exceeding 400,000 units.
Recognition and influence
In 2004, the song ranked number 65 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the "500 Greatest Songs of All Time". In March 2005, Q magazine placed "Sunshine of Your Love" at number 19 on its list of the "100 Greatest Guitar Tracks Ever!" In 2009, VH1 included it at number 44 on its list of the "Top 100 Hard Rock Songs". The song is on the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's list of the "500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll".Ertegun later admitted that, while his tastes ran more to Robert Johnson (Clapton had recorded Johnson's "Ramblin' on My Mind" with John Mayall, "Crossroads" with the Powerhouse, and "Four Until Late" with Cream), Cream's and Pappalardi's vision resulted in songs which had a much larger impact on the rock audiences of the time. Covach and Boone identified "Sunshine of Your Love" as foreshadowing future trends in rock:
'Sunshine of Your Love', Cream's best-known song, is a culmination of the British adaptation of blues into rock and also the direct precursor of Led Zeppelin and heavy metal, where this type of blues-based motivic riff and harmonic motions like A–C–G or E–G–A (as in "Whole Lotta Love") serve as the basis for a seemingly endless number of songs.
Other recordings
Several live recordings of "Sunshine of Your Love" have been issued on Cream albums. These include a 24 October 1967 recording by the BBC (BBC Sessions), 9 March 1968 at the Winterland Ballroom (Live Cream Volume II), and 26 November 1968 at the Royal Albert Hall (Cream's Farewell Concert). A recording from Cream's reunion show on 3 May 2005 is included on Royal Albert Hall London May 2-3-5-6, 2005. During their post-Cream careers, Clapton and Bruce recorded several live performances of the song.A variety of musicians have recorded "Sunshine of Your Love". After Cream announced their breakup, Hendrix often performed it in concert as a tribute to the group, apparently unaware that they had dedicated the song to him. He played it as an instrumental and sometimes as part of a medley. A performance by the Experience on 4 January 1969 is one of the best-known. During the live broadcast of A Happening for Lulu, a music variety show hosted by pop singer Lulu on BBC Television, the Experience suddenly broke with the programme. Hendrix announced, "We'd like to stop playing this rubbish ["Hey Joe"] and dedicate a song to the Cream, regardless of what kind of group they may be in – dedicate this to Eric Clapton, Ginger Baker, and Jack Bruce". As their performance of "Sunshine of Your Love" ran into the time allotted for Lulu's closing number, the show's producer and staff were frantically signalling for the Experience to stop. However, they continued playing and the show ended on a fade. Hendrix later apologised to Lulu, who thought the performance made for a great television moment.
Notes
Footnotes
Citations
References
Adelt, Ulrich (2007). Black, White and Blue: Racial Politics of Blues Music in the 1960s. ISBN 978-0549341963.
Belmo; Loveless, Steve (1998). Jimi Hendrix: Experience the Music. Burlington, Ontario: Collector's Guide Publishing. ISBN 1-896522-45-9.
Birnbaum, Larry (2012). Before Elvis: The Prehistory of Rock 'n' Roll. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-8629-2.
Black, Johnny (1999). Jimi Hendrix: The Ultimate Experience. New York City: Thunder's Mouth Press. ISBN 1-56025-240-5.
Brewer, Jon (Director) (2005). Cream: Their Fully Authorized Story (DVD documentary). Chatsworth, California: Image Entertainment. OCLC 78626813. ID324715DVD.
Covach, John; Boone, Graeme M. (1997). Understanding Rock: Essays in Musical Analysis: Essays in Musical Analysis. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195356625.
Denisoff, R. Serge (1975). Solid Gold: The Popular Record Industry. Piscataway, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers. ISBN 978-0878555864.
Gallagher, Mitch (2012). Guitar Tone: Pursuing the Ultimate Guitar Sound. Boston, Massachusetts: Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-1435456211.
Hoffmann, Frank (1983). The Cash Box Singles Charts, 1950–1981. Lanham, Maryland: The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0810815957.
Lawrence, Robb (2008). The Early Years of the Les Paul Legacy 1915–1963. Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Hal Leonard. ISBN 978--0-634-04861-6.
McDermott, John; Kramer, Eddie; Cox, Billy (2009). Ultimate Hendrix. New York City: Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-0-87930-938-1.
Munro, Doug (2005). Jazz Guitar: Organ Trio Blues. Van Nuys, California: Alfred Music. ISBN 978-0757937279.
Oxman, J. Craig (December 2011). "Clapton's Fool: History's Greatest Guitar?". Vintage Guitar. Alan Greenwood. ISSN 1067-2605. Retrieved 2 January 2012.
Roberty, Mark (1993). Slowhand: The Complete Life and Times of Eric Clapton. New York City: Crown Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-517-88118-7.
Schumacher, Michael (2003). Crossroads: The Life and Music of Eric Clapton. New York City: Citadel Press. ISBN 978-0806524665.
Shapiro, Harry; Glebbeek, Cesar (1990). Jimi Hendrix: Electric Gypsy. New York City: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-05861-6.
Shapiro, Harry (2009). Jack Bruce: Composing Himself: The Authorised Biography. Jawbone Publishing. ISBN 978-1906002268.
Thompson, Dave (2012). Cream: How Eric Clapton Took the World by Storm. New York City: Random House. ISBN 978-1448133710.
Welch, Chris (2000). Cream: The Legendary Sixties Supergroup. Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-1476851501.
Welch, Chris (2011). Clapton. Voyageur Press. ISBN 978-1610597715.
Whitburn, Joel (2015). Top Pop Singles 1955–1996. Menomomee Falls, Wisconsin: Record Research. ISBN 978-0-89820-123-9.
External links
"Sunshine of Your Love" at Discogs (list of releases)
Cream – "Sunshine of Your Love" (album version, audio only) on YouTube
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"Sunshine of Your Love" is a 1967 song by the British rock band Cream. With elements of hard rock and psychedelia, it is one of Cream's best known and most popular songs. Cream bassist and vocalist Jack Bruce based it on a distinctive bass riff he developed after attending a Jimi Hendrix concert. Guitarist Eric Clapton and lyricist Pete Brown later contributed to the song and drummer Ginger Baker plays a distinctive tom-tom drum rhythm.
The song was included on Cream's best-selling second album Disraeli Gears in November 1967. Atco Records, the group's American label, was initially unsure of the song's potential. After recommendations by other label-affiliated artists, it released an edited single version in December 1967. The song became Cream's first and highest charting American single and one of the most popular singles of 1968. In September 1968, it became a modest chart hit after being released in the UK.
Cream performed "Sunshine of Your Love" regularly in concert and several live recordings have been issued, including on the Royal Albert Hall London May 2-3-5-6, 2005 reunion album and video. Hendrix performed faster instrumental versions of the song, which he often dedicated to Cream. Several rock journals have placed the song on their greatest song lists, such as Rolling Stone, Q magazine, and VH1. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame included it on its list of the "500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll".
Composition
In early 1967, Cream were writing and rehearsing songs for a second album. Their December 1966 debut album, Fresh Cream, was a mix of updated blues numbers and pop-oriented rock songs. Inspired by recent developments in rock music, the group began pursuing a more overtly psychedelic direction. "Sunshine of Your Love" began as a bass phrase or riff developed by Cream bassist Jack Bruce. Cream attended a concert on 29 January 1967 by the Jimi Hendrix Experience at the Saville Theatre in London. Cream guitarist Eric Clapton elaborated in a 1988 Rolling Stone magazine interview:
He [Hendrix] played this gig that was blinding. I don't think Jack [Bruce] had really taken him in before ... and when he did see it that night, after the gig he went home and came up with the riff. It was strictly a dedication to Jimi. And then we wrote a song on top of it.
Music writers Covach and Boone describe the riff as blues-derived, which uses a minor blues pentatonic scale with an added flattened fifth note (or common blues scale). The song follows a blues chord progression (I–IV–I) during the first eight bars. Brown had a difficult time writing lyrics that fit the riff. After an all-night session, Bruce played it on a standup bass while lyricist Pete Brown was staring out the window. Slowly, he started to write "It's getting near dawn and lights close their tired eyes", which is used in the first verse. Later, to break up the rhythm, Clapton wrote a refrain which also yielded the song's title. It consists of eight-bar sections using three chords, when the key shifts to the V chord (I = V):
A bootleg recording from the Ricky-Tick club in London before Cream recorded the song in the studio, shows "Sunshine of Your Love" with a beat common to rock for the period. Cream drummer Ginger Baker compared it to the uptempo "Hey Now, Princess", another Bruce-Brown composition Cream recorded in March. He said that he advised Bruce to slow it down and came up with the distinctive drum pattern which emphasises beats one and three (typical rock drumming favours beats two and four and is known as the backbeat). However, Bruce and recording engineer Tom Dowd dispute Baker's claim, which they say he only made much later. Dowd later explained
Where all the other songs that they [Cream] played were prepared, [but] this one song, they never found a pocket, they were never comfortable ... I said, 'You know, have you ever seen any American Westerns [films that have] the Indian beat, where the downbeat is the beat?' ... And when he [Ginger] started playing it that way, all of the parts came together and right away they were elated.
Recording
Cream performed their first American concerts in New York City in 1967. Robert Stigwood, the group's manager, booked them for a Murray the K package show at the RKO Manhattan Theatre from 25 March to 2 April 1967. When it was finished, Stigwood arranged for a recording session with Ahmet Ertegun at Atlantic Studios. Bruce and Brown had a number of new songs in various stages of development and entered the studio on 3 April. Initially, Ertegun assigned Dowd to work with the trio. Dowd had worked with many of the biggest jazz and rhythm and blues musicians in the 1950s and 1960s. However, Cream was his first exposure to extreme volume levels. The group arrived at Atlantic with their concert setup of multiple Marshall amplifiers (each 100 watts). Dowd was surprised by the amount of equipment accompanying the trio: "They recorded at ear-shattering level ... Everyone I'd worked with before was using Fender Deluxes [about 20 watts] or Twins [about 80 watts]—six- and seven-piece bands that didn't play as loud as this three piece did."Ertegun brought in producer Felix Pappalardi, who he believed could work as a go-between with the group and Dowd. They began with "Strange Brew", "Tales of Brave Ulysses", and "Sunshine of Your Love". Ertegun previewed the demos and was unhappy, expecting more blues-based material that was found on Fresh Cream. Jerry Wexler, Ertegun's Atlantic Records partner, reportedly went as far as to call it "psychedelic hogwash". However, Booker T. Jones (producer and keyboardist of Booker T. & the M.G.'s) and Otis Redding (both whose Stax recordings at the time were distributed by Atco parent Atlantic) gave "Sunshine of Your Love" their wholehearted approval. Differences were smoothed over by the time Cream returned in May 1967 to finish recording the songs for Disraeli Gears.With Pappalardi and Dowd, work continued on "Sunshine of Your Love". For his guitar solo, Clapton used a sound known as the "woman tone", which is described as "smooth, dark, singing, sustaining", by author Mitch Gallagher. The actual guitar that Clapton used has been identified as a 1964 Gibson SG, known as "the Fool". It is one of the best-known examples of the woman tone and quotes the melody from the perennial pop standard "Blue Moon". By using the song's major pentatonic scale, Clapton provides a contrast with the riff's blues scale. A writer for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame describes this as "creating a balance between the sun and the moon".Baker plays much of the song on the tom-toms, described as sounding African (Schumacher) and Native American (Shapiro). Covach and Boone note he "concentrates on the lower tom sounds and uses an articulation and sound reminiscent of the jazz drumming in the Woody Herman or Benny Goodman bands".
Releases and charts
"Sunshine of Your Love" was included as the second track on Disraeli Gears, which was released in November 1967 by Reaction Records in the UK and Atco Records in the US. At first, Atco did not see the song as a single ("Strange Brew", backed with "Tales of Brave Ulysses" had been released as a single in June 1967). However, in December 1967, the label issued an edited version of the song as the second single from the album, backed with "SWLABR" (the running time was trimmed from 4:08 to 3:03).
It entered Billboard magazine's Hot 100 chart on 13 January 1968, reaching number 36 during its initial 14-week run. The record re-entered the chart on 6 July 1968 and reached number five on 31 August 1968. In the UK, the single was not released until September 1968, after Cream had announced their impending breakup. Polydor Records issued the UK single, which reached number 25 in the charts.
The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) certified the single gold on 26 September 1968, signifying sales in excess of 1,000,000 copies. In the US, it became one of the best selling singles of 1968 and one of the best-selling at the time for the Atlantic group of labels. As one of Cream's most popular songs, several of the group's compilation albums include the full-length studio recording, such as Best of Cream, Heavy Cream, The Very Best of Cream, and the boxed set Those Were the Days. In the United Kingdom, the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) certified the song gold in September 2022, denoting sales and streaming figures exceeding 400,000 units.
Recognition and influence
In 2004, the song ranked number 65 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the "500 Greatest Songs of All Time". In March 2005, Q magazine placed "Sunshine of Your Love" at number 19 on its list of the "100 Greatest Guitar Tracks Ever!" In 2009, VH1 included it at number 44 on its list of the "Top 100 Hard Rock Songs". The song is on the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's list of the "500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll".Ertegun later admitted that, while his tastes ran more to Robert Johnson (Clapton had recorded Johnson's "Ramblin' on My Mind" with John Mayall, "Crossroads" with the Powerhouse, and "Four Until Late" with Cream), Cream's and Pappalardi's vision resulted in songs which had a much larger impact on the rock audiences of the time. Covach and Boone identified "Sunshine of Your Love" as foreshadowing future trends in rock:
'Sunshine of Your Love', Cream's best-known song, is a culmination of the British adaptation of blues into rock and also the direct precursor of Led Zeppelin and heavy metal, where this type of blues-based motivic riff and harmonic motions like A–C–G or E–G–A (as in "Whole Lotta Love") serve as the basis for a seemingly endless number of songs.
Other recordings
Several live recordings of "Sunshine of Your Love" have been issued on Cream albums. These include a 24 October 1967 recording by the BBC (BBC Sessions), 9 March 1968 at the Winterland Ballroom (Live Cream Volume II), and 26 November 1968 at the Royal Albert Hall (Cream's Farewell Concert). A recording from Cream's reunion show on 3 May 2005 is included on Royal Albert Hall London May 2-3-5-6, 2005. During their post-Cream careers, Clapton and Bruce recorded several live performances of the song.A variety of musicians have recorded "Sunshine of Your Love". After Cream announced their breakup, Hendrix often performed it in concert as a tribute to the group, apparently unaware that they had dedicated the song to him. He played it as an instrumental and sometimes as part of a medley. A performance by the Experience on 4 January 1969 is one of the best-known. During the live broadcast of A Happening for Lulu, a music variety show hosted by pop singer Lulu on BBC Television, the Experience suddenly broke with the programme. Hendrix announced, "We'd like to stop playing this rubbish ["Hey Joe"] and dedicate a song to the Cream, regardless of what kind of group they may be in – dedicate this to Eric Clapton, Ginger Baker, and Jack Bruce". As their performance of "Sunshine of Your Love" ran into the time allotted for Lulu's closing number, the show's producer and staff were frantically signalling for the Experience to stop. However, they continued playing and the show ended on a fade. Hendrix later apologised to Lulu, who thought the performance made for a great television moment.
Notes
Footnotes
Citations
References
Adelt, Ulrich (2007). Black, White and Blue: Racial Politics of Blues Music in the 1960s. ISBN 978-0549341963.
Belmo; Loveless, Steve (1998). Jimi Hendrix: Experience the Music. Burlington, Ontario: Collector's Guide Publishing. ISBN 1-896522-45-9.
Birnbaum, Larry (2012). Before Elvis: The Prehistory of Rock 'n' Roll. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-8629-2.
Black, Johnny (1999). Jimi Hendrix: The Ultimate Experience. New York City: Thunder's Mouth Press. ISBN 1-56025-240-5.
Brewer, Jon (Director) (2005). Cream: Their Fully Authorized Story (DVD documentary). Chatsworth, California: Image Entertainment. OCLC 78626813. ID324715DVD.
Covach, John; Boone, Graeme M. (1997). Understanding Rock: Essays in Musical Analysis: Essays in Musical Analysis. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195356625.
Denisoff, R. Serge (1975). Solid Gold: The Popular Record Industry. Piscataway, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers. ISBN 978-0878555864.
Gallagher, Mitch (2012). Guitar Tone: Pursuing the Ultimate Guitar Sound. Boston, Massachusetts: Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-1435456211.
Hoffmann, Frank (1983). The Cash Box Singles Charts, 1950–1981. Lanham, Maryland: The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0810815957.
Lawrence, Robb (2008). The Early Years of the Les Paul Legacy 1915–1963. Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Hal Leonard. ISBN 978--0-634-04861-6.
McDermott, John; Kramer, Eddie; Cox, Billy (2009). Ultimate Hendrix. New York City: Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-0-87930-938-1.
Munro, Doug (2005). Jazz Guitar: Organ Trio Blues. Van Nuys, California: Alfred Music. ISBN 978-0757937279.
Oxman, J. Craig (December 2011). "Clapton's Fool: History's Greatest Guitar?". Vintage Guitar. Alan Greenwood. ISSN 1067-2605. Retrieved 2 January 2012.
Roberty, Mark (1993). Slowhand: The Complete Life and Times of Eric Clapton. New York City: Crown Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-517-88118-7.
Schumacher, Michael (2003). Crossroads: The Life and Music of Eric Clapton. New York City: Citadel Press. ISBN 978-0806524665.
Shapiro, Harry; Glebbeek, Cesar (1990). Jimi Hendrix: Electric Gypsy. New York City: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-05861-6.
Shapiro, Harry (2009). Jack Bruce: Composing Himself: The Authorised Biography. Jawbone Publishing. ISBN 978-1906002268.
Thompson, Dave (2012). Cream: How Eric Clapton Took the World by Storm. New York City: Random House. ISBN 978-1448133710.
Welch, Chris (2000). Cream: The Legendary Sixties Supergroup. Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-1476851501.
Welch, Chris (2011). Clapton. Voyageur Press. ISBN 978-1610597715.
Whitburn, Joel (2015). Top Pop Singles 1955–1996. Menomomee Falls, Wisconsin: Record Research. ISBN 978-0-89820-123-9.
External links
"Sunshine of Your Love" at Discogs (list of releases)
Cream – "Sunshine of Your Love" (album version, audio only) on YouTube
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"Sunshine of Your Love" is a 1967 song by the British rock band Cream. With elements of hard rock and psychedelia, it is one of Cream's best known and most popular songs. Cream bassist and vocalist Jack Bruce based it on a distinctive bass riff he developed after attending a Jimi Hendrix concert. Guitarist Eric Clapton and lyricist Pete Brown later contributed to the song and drummer Ginger Baker plays a distinctive tom-tom drum rhythm.
The song was included on Cream's best-selling second album Disraeli Gears in November 1967. Atco Records, the group's American label, was initially unsure of the song's potential. After recommendations by other label-affiliated artists, it released an edited single version in December 1967. The song became Cream's first and highest charting American single and one of the most popular singles of 1968. In September 1968, it became a modest chart hit after being released in the UK.
Cream performed "Sunshine of Your Love" regularly in concert and several live recordings have been issued, including on the Royal Albert Hall London May 2-3-5-6, 2005 reunion album and video. Hendrix performed faster instrumental versions of the song, which he often dedicated to Cream. Several rock journals have placed the song on their greatest song lists, such as Rolling Stone, Q magazine, and VH1. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame included it on its list of the "500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll".
Composition
In early 1967, Cream were writing and rehearsing songs for a second album. Their December 1966 debut album, Fresh Cream, was a mix of updated blues numbers and pop-oriented rock songs. Inspired by recent developments in rock music, the group began pursuing a more overtly psychedelic direction. "Sunshine of Your Love" began as a bass phrase or riff developed by Cream bassist Jack Bruce. Cream attended a concert on 29 January 1967 by the Jimi Hendrix Experience at the Saville Theatre in London. Cream guitarist Eric Clapton elaborated in a 1988 Rolling Stone magazine interview:
He [Hendrix] played this gig that was blinding. I don't think Jack [Bruce] had really taken him in before ... and when he did see it that night, after the gig he went home and came up with the riff. It was strictly a dedication to Jimi. And then we wrote a song on top of it.
Music writers Covach and Boone describe the riff as blues-derived, which uses a minor blues pentatonic scale with an added flattened fifth note (or common blues scale). The song follows a blues chord progression (I–IV–I) during the first eight bars. Brown had a difficult time writing lyrics that fit the riff. After an all-night session, Bruce played it on a standup bass while lyricist Pete Brown was staring out the window. Slowly, he started to write "It's getting near dawn and lights close their tired eyes", which is used in the first verse. Later, to break up the rhythm, Clapton wrote a refrain which also yielded the song's title. It consists of eight-bar sections using three chords, when the key shifts to the V chord (I = V):
A bootleg recording from the Ricky-Tick club in London before Cream recorded the song in the studio, shows "Sunshine of Your Love" with a beat common to rock for the period. Cream drummer Ginger Baker compared it to the uptempo "Hey Now, Princess", another Bruce-Brown composition Cream recorded in March. He said that he advised Bruce to slow it down and came up with the distinctive drum pattern which emphasises beats one and three (typical rock drumming favours beats two and four and is known as the backbeat). However, Bruce and recording engineer Tom Dowd dispute Baker's claim, which they say he only made much later. Dowd later explained
Where all the other songs that they [Cream] played were prepared, [but] this one song, they never found a pocket, they were never comfortable ... I said, 'You know, have you ever seen any American Westerns [films that have] the Indian beat, where the downbeat is the beat?' ... And when he [Ginger] started playing it that way, all of the parts came together and right away they were elated.
Recording
Cream performed their first American concerts in New York City in 1967. Robert Stigwood, the group's manager, booked them for a Murray the K package show at the RKO Manhattan Theatre from 25 March to 2 April 1967. When it was finished, Stigwood arranged for a recording session with Ahmet Ertegun at Atlantic Studios. Bruce and Brown had a number of new songs in various stages of development and entered the studio on 3 April. Initially, Ertegun assigned Dowd to work with the trio. Dowd had worked with many of the biggest jazz and rhythm and blues musicians in the 1950s and 1960s. However, Cream was his first exposure to extreme volume levels. The group arrived at Atlantic with their concert setup of multiple Marshall amplifiers (each 100 watts). Dowd was surprised by the amount of equipment accompanying the trio: "They recorded at ear-shattering level ... Everyone I'd worked with before was using Fender Deluxes [about 20 watts] or Twins [about 80 watts]—six- and seven-piece bands that didn't play as loud as this three piece did."Ertegun brought in producer Felix Pappalardi, who he believed could work as a go-between with the group and Dowd. They began with "Strange Brew", "Tales of Brave Ulysses", and "Sunshine of Your Love". Ertegun previewed the demos and was unhappy, expecting more blues-based material that was found on Fresh Cream. Jerry Wexler, Ertegun's Atlantic Records partner, reportedly went as far as to call it "psychedelic hogwash". However, Booker T. Jones (producer and keyboardist of Booker T. & the M.G.'s) and Otis Redding (both whose Stax recordings at the time were distributed by Atco parent Atlantic) gave "Sunshine of Your Love" their wholehearted approval. Differences were smoothed over by the time Cream returned in May 1967 to finish recording the songs for Disraeli Gears.With Pappalardi and Dowd, work continued on "Sunshine of Your Love". For his guitar solo, Clapton used a sound known as the "woman tone", which is described as "smooth, dark, singing, sustaining", by author Mitch Gallagher. The actual guitar that Clapton used has been identified as a 1964 Gibson SG, known as "the Fool". It is one of the best-known examples of the woman tone and quotes the melody from the perennial pop standard "Blue Moon". By using the song's major pentatonic scale, Clapton provides a contrast with the riff's blues scale. A writer for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame describes this as "creating a balance between the sun and the moon".Baker plays much of the song on the tom-toms, described as sounding African (Schumacher) and Native American (Shapiro). Covach and Boone note he "concentrates on the lower tom sounds and uses an articulation and sound reminiscent of the jazz drumming in the Woody Herman or Benny Goodman bands".
Releases and charts
"Sunshine of Your Love" was included as the second track on Disraeli Gears, which was released in November 1967 by Reaction Records in the UK and Atco Records in the US. At first, Atco did not see the song as a single ("Strange Brew", backed with "Tales of Brave Ulysses" had been released as a single in June 1967). However, in December 1967, the label issued an edited version of the song as the second single from the album, backed with "SWLABR" (the running time was trimmed from 4:08 to 3:03).
It entered Billboard magazine's Hot 100 chart on 13 January 1968, reaching number 36 during its initial 14-week run. The record re-entered the chart on 6 July 1968 and reached number five on 31 August 1968. In the UK, the single was not released until September 1968, after Cream had announced their impending breakup. Polydor Records issued the UK single, which reached number 25 in the charts.
The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) certified the single gold on 26 September 1968, signifying sales in excess of 1,000,000 copies. In the US, it became one of the best selling singles of 1968 and one of the best-selling at the time for the Atlantic group of labels. As one of Cream's most popular songs, several of the group's compilation albums include the full-length studio recording, such as Best of Cream, Heavy Cream, The Very Best of Cream, and the boxed set Those Were the Days. In the United Kingdom, the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) certified the song gold in September 2022, denoting sales and streaming figures exceeding 400,000 units.
Recognition and influence
In 2004, the song ranked number 65 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the "500 Greatest Songs of All Time". In March 2005, Q magazine placed "Sunshine of Your Love" at number 19 on its list of the "100 Greatest Guitar Tracks Ever!" In 2009, VH1 included it at number 44 on its list of the "Top 100 Hard Rock Songs". The song is on the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's list of the "500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll".Ertegun later admitted that, while his tastes ran more to Robert Johnson (Clapton had recorded Johnson's "Ramblin' on My Mind" with John Mayall, "Crossroads" with the Powerhouse, and "Four Until Late" with Cream), Cream's and Pappalardi's vision resulted in songs which had a much larger impact on the rock audiences of the time. Covach and Boone identified "Sunshine of Your Love" as foreshadowing future trends in rock:
'Sunshine of Your Love', Cream's best-known song, is a culmination of the British adaptation of blues into rock and also the direct precursor of Led Zeppelin and heavy metal, where this type of blues-based motivic riff and harmonic motions like A–C–G or E–G–A (as in "Whole Lotta Love") serve as the basis for a seemingly endless number of songs.
Other recordings
Several live recordings of "Sunshine of Your Love" have been issued on Cream albums. These include a 24 October 1967 recording by the BBC (BBC Sessions), 9 March 1968 at the Winterland Ballroom (Live Cream Volume II), and 26 November 1968 at the Royal Albert Hall (Cream's Farewell Concert). A recording from Cream's reunion show on 3 May 2005 is included on Royal Albert Hall London May 2-3-5-6, 2005. During their post-Cream careers, Clapton and Bruce recorded several live performances of the song.A variety of musicians have recorded "Sunshine of Your Love". After Cream announced their breakup, Hendrix often performed it in concert as a tribute to the group, apparently unaware that they had dedicated the song to him. He played it as an instrumental and sometimes as part of a medley. A performance by the Experience on 4 January 1969 is one of the best-known. During the live broadcast of A Happening for Lulu, a music variety show hosted by pop singer Lulu on BBC Television, the Experience suddenly broke with the programme. Hendrix announced, "We'd like to stop playing this rubbish ["Hey Joe"] and dedicate a song to the Cream, regardless of what kind of group they may be in – dedicate this to Eric Clapton, Ginger Baker, and Jack Bruce". As their performance of "Sunshine of Your Love" ran into the time allotted for Lulu's closing number, the show's producer and staff were frantically signalling for the Experience to stop. However, they continued playing and the show ended on a fade. Hendrix later apologised to Lulu, who thought the performance made for a great television moment.
Notes
Footnotes
Citations
References
Adelt, Ulrich (2007). Black, White and Blue: Racial Politics of Blues Music in the 1960s. ISBN 978-0549341963.
Belmo; Loveless, Steve (1998). Jimi Hendrix: Experience the Music. Burlington, Ontario: Collector's Guide Publishing. ISBN 1-896522-45-9.
Birnbaum, Larry (2012). Before Elvis: The Prehistory of Rock 'n' Roll. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-8629-2.
Black, Johnny (1999). Jimi Hendrix: The Ultimate Experience. New York City: Thunder's Mouth Press. ISBN 1-56025-240-5.
Brewer, Jon (Director) (2005). Cream: Their Fully Authorized Story (DVD documentary). Chatsworth, California: Image Entertainment. OCLC 78626813. ID324715DVD.
Covach, John; Boone, Graeme M. (1997). Understanding Rock: Essays in Musical Analysis: Essays in Musical Analysis. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195356625.
Denisoff, R. Serge (1975). Solid Gold: The Popular Record Industry. Piscataway, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers. ISBN 978-0878555864.
Gallagher, Mitch (2012). Guitar Tone: Pursuing the Ultimate Guitar Sound. Boston, Massachusetts: Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-1435456211.
Hoffmann, Frank (1983). The Cash Box Singles Charts, 1950–1981. Lanham, Maryland: The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0810815957.
Lawrence, Robb (2008). The Early Years of the Les Paul Legacy 1915–1963. Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Hal Leonard. ISBN 978--0-634-04861-6.
McDermott, John; Kramer, Eddie; Cox, Billy (2009). Ultimate Hendrix. New York City: Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-0-87930-938-1.
Munro, Doug (2005). Jazz Guitar: Organ Trio Blues. Van Nuys, California: Alfred Music. ISBN 978-0757937279.
Oxman, J. Craig (December 2011). "Clapton's Fool: History's Greatest Guitar?". Vintage Guitar. Alan Greenwood. ISSN 1067-2605. Retrieved 2 January 2012.
Roberty, Mark (1993). Slowhand: The Complete Life and Times of Eric Clapton. New York City: Crown Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-517-88118-7.
Schumacher, Michael (2003). Crossroads: The Life and Music of Eric Clapton. New York City: Citadel Press. ISBN 978-0806524665.
Shapiro, Harry; Glebbeek, Cesar (1990). Jimi Hendrix: Electric Gypsy. New York City: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-05861-6.
Shapiro, Harry (2009). Jack Bruce: Composing Himself: The Authorised Biography. Jawbone Publishing. ISBN 978-1906002268.
Thompson, Dave (2012). Cream: How Eric Clapton Took the World by Storm. New York City: Random House. ISBN 978-1448133710.
Welch, Chris (2000). Cream: The Legendary Sixties Supergroup. Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-1476851501.
Welch, Chris (2011). Clapton. Voyageur Press. ISBN 978-1610597715.
Whitburn, Joel (2015). Top Pop Singles 1955–1996. Menomomee Falls, Wisconsin: Record Research. ISBN 978-0-89820-123-9.
External links
"Sunshine of Your Love" at Discogs (list of releases)
Cream – "Sunshine of Your Love" (album version, audio only) on YouTube
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producer
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"Sunshine of Your Love" is a 1967 song by the British rock band Cream. With elements of hard rock and psychedelia, it is one of Cream's best known and most popular songs. Cream bassist and vocalist Jack Bruce based it on a distinctive bass riff he developed after attending a Jimi Hendrix concert. Guitarist Eric Clapton and lyricist Pete Brown later contributed to the song and drummer Ginger Baker plays a distinctive tom-tom drum rhythm.
The song was included on Cream's best-selling second album Disraeli Gears in November 1967. Atco Records, the group's American label, was initially unsure of the song's potential. After recommendations by other label-affiliated artists, it released an edited single version in December 1967. The song became Cream's first and highest charting American single and one of the most popular singles of 1968. In September 1968, it became a modest chart hit after being released in the UK.
Cream performed "Sunshine of Your Love" regularly in concert and several live recordings have been issued, including on the Royal Albert Hall London May 2-3-5-6, 2005 reunion album and video. Hendrix performed faster instrumental versions of the song, which he often dedicated to Cream. Several rock journals have placed the song on their greatest song lists, such as Rolling Stone, Q magazine, and VH1. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame included it on its list of the "500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll".
Composition
In early 1967, Cream were writing and rehearsing songs for a second album. Their December 1966 debut album, Fresh Cream, was a mix of updated blues numbers and pop-oriented rock songs. Inspired by recent developments in rock music, the group began pursuing a more overtly psychedelic direction. "Sunshine of Your Love" began as a bass phrase or riff developed by Cream bassist Jack Bruce. Cream attended a concert on 29 January 1967 by the Jimi Hendrix Experience at the Saville Theatre in London. Cream guitarist Eric Clapton elaborated in a 1988 Rolling Stone magazine interview:
He [Hendrix] played this gig that was blinding. I don't think Jack [Bruce] had really taken him in before ... and when he did see it that night, after the gig he went home and came up with the riff. It was strictly a dedication to Jimi. And then we wrote a song on top of it.
Music writers Covach and Boone describe the riff as blues-derived, which uses a minor blues pentatonic scale with an added flattened fifth note (or common blues scale). The song follows a blues chord progression (I–IV–I) during the first eight bars. Brown had a difficult time writing lyrics that fit the riff. After an all-night session, Bruce played it on a standup bass while lyricist Pete Brown was staring out the window. Slowly, he started to write "It's getting near dawn and lights close their tired eyes", which is used in the first verse. Later, to break up the rhythm, Clapton wrote a refrain which also yielded the song's title. It consists of eight-bar sections using three chords, when the key shifts to the V chord (I = V):
A bootleg recording from the Ricky-Tick club in London before Cream recorded the song in the studio, shows "Sunshine of Your Love" with a beat common to rock for the period. Cream drummer Ginger Baker compared it to the uptempo "Hey Now, Princess", another Bruce-Brown composition Cream recorded in March. He said that he advised Bruce to slow it down and came up with the distinctive drum pattern which emphasises beats one and three (typical rock drumming favours beats two and four and is known as the backbeat). However, Bruce and recording engineer Tom Dowd dispute Baker's claim, which they say he only made much later. Dowd later explained
Where all the other songs that they [Cream] played were prepared, [but] this one song, they never found a pocket, they were never comfortable ... I said, 'You know, have you ever seen any American Westerns [films that have] the Indian beat, where the downbeat is the beat?' ... And when he [Ginger] started playing it that way, all of the parts came together and right away they were elated.
Recording
Cream performed their first American concerts in New York City in 1967. Robert Stigwood, the group's manager, booked them for a Murray the K package show at the RKO Manhattan Theatre from 25 March to 2 April 1967. When it was finished, Stigwood arranged for a recording session with Ahmet Ertegun at Atlantic Studios. Bruce and Brown had a number of new songs in various stages of development and entered the studio on 3 April. Initially, Ertegun assigned Dowd to work with the trio. Dowd had worked with many of the biggest jazz and rhythm and blues musicians in the 1950s and 1960s. However, Cream was his first exposure to extreme volume levels. The group arrived at Atlantic with their concert setup of multiple Marshall amplifiers (each 100 watts). Dowd was surprised by the amount of equipment accompanying the trio: "They recorded at ear-shattering level ... Everyone I'd worked with before was using Fender Deluxes [about 20 watts] or Twins [about 80 watts]—six- and seven-piece bands that didn't play as loud as this three piece did."Ertegun brought in producer Felix Pappalardi, who he believed could work as a go-between with the group and Dowd. They began with "Strange Brew", "Tales of Brave Ulysses", and "Sunshine of Your Love". Ertegun previewed the demos and was unhappy, expecting more blues-based material that was found on Fresh Cream. Jerry Wexler, Ertegun's Atlantic Records partner, reportedly went as far as to call it "psychedelic hogwash". However, Booker T. Jones (producer and keyboardist of Booker T. & the M.G.'s) and Otis Redding (both whose Stax recordings at the time were distributed by Atco parent Atlantic) gave "Sunshine of Your Love" their wholehearted approval. Differences were smoothed over by the time Cream returned in May 1967 to finish recording the songs for Disraeli Gears.With Pappalardi and Dowd, work continued on "Sunshine of Your Love". For his guitar solo, Clapton used a sound known as the "woman tone", which is described as "smooth, dark, singing, sustaining", by author Mitch Gallagher. The actual guitar that Clapton used has been identified as a 1964 Gibson SG, known as "the Fool". It is one of the best-known examples of the woman tone and quotes the melody from the perennial pop standard "Blue Moon". By using the song's major pentatonic scale, Clapton provides a contrast with the riff's blues scale. A writer for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame describes this as "creating a balance between the sun and the moon".Baker plays much of the song on the tom-toms, described as sounding African (Schumacher) and Native American (Shapiro). Covach and Boone note he "concentrates on the lower tom sounds and uses an articulation and sound reminiscent of the jazz drumming in the Woody Herman or Benny Goodman bands".
Releases and charts
"Sunshine of Your Love" was included as the second track on Disraeli Gears, which was released in November 1967 by Reaction Records in the UK and Atco Records in the US. At first, Atco did not see the song as a single ("Strange Brew", backed with "Tales of Brave Ulysses" had been released as a single in June 1967). However, in December 1967, the label issued an edited version of the song as the second single from the album, backed with "SWLABR" (the running time was trimmed from 4:08 to 3:03).
It entered Billboard magazine's Hot 100 chart on 13 January 1968, reaching number 36 during its initial 14-week run. The record re-entered the chart on 6 July 1968 and reached number five on 31 August 1968. In the UK, the single was not released until September 1968, after Cream had announced their impending breakup. Polydor Records issued the UK single, which reached number 25 in the charts.
The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) certified the single gold on 26 September 1968, signifying sales in excess of 1,000,000 copies. In the US, it became one of the best selling singles of 1968 and one of the best-selling at the time for the Atlantic group of labels. As one of Cream's most popular songs, several of the group's compilation albums include the full-length studio recording, such as Best of Cream, Heavy Cream, The Very Best of Cream, and the boxed set Those Were the Days. In the United Kingdom, the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) certified the song gold in September 2022, denoting sales and streaming figures exceeding 400,000 units.
Recognition and influence
In 2004, the song ranked number 65 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the "500 Greatest Songs of All Time". In March 2005, Q magazine placed "Sunshine of Your Love" at number 19 on its list of the "100 Greatest Guitar Tracks Ever!" In 2009, VH1 included it at number 44 on its list of the "Top 100 Hard Rock Songs". The song is on the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's list of the "500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll".Ertegun later admitted that, while his tastes ran more to Robert Johnson (Clapton had recorded Johnson's "Ramblin' on My Mind" with John Mayall, "Crossroads" with the Powerhouse, and "Four Until Late" with Cream), Cream's and Pappalardi's vision resulted in songs which had a much larger impact on the rock audiences of the time. Covach and Boone identified "Sunshine of Your Love" as foreshadowing future trends in rock:
'Sunshine of Your Love', Cream's best-known song, is a culmination of the British adaptation of blues into rock and also the direct precursor of Led Zeppelin and heavy metal, where this type of blues-based motivic riff and harmonic motions like A–C–G or E–G–A (as in "Whole Lotta Love") serve as the basis for a seemingly endless number of songs.
Other recordings
Several live recordings of "Sunshine of Your Love" have been issued on Cream albums. These include a 24 October 1967 recording by the BBC (BBC Sessions), 9 March 1968 at the Winterland Ballroom (Live Cream Volume II), and 26 November 1968 at the Royal Albert Hall (Cream's Farewell Concert). A recording from Cream's reunion show on 3 May 2005 is included on Royal Albert Hall London May 2-3-5-6, 2005. During their post-Cream careers, Clapton and Bruce recorded several live performances of the song.A variety of musicians have recorded "Sunshine of Your Love". After Cream announced their breakup, Hendrix often performed it in concert as a tribute to the group, apparently unaware that they had dedicated the song to him. He played it as an instrumental and sometimes as part of a medley. A performance by the Experience on 4 January 1969 is one of the best-known. During the live broadcast of A Happening for Lulu, a music variety show hosted by pop singer Lulu on BBC Television, the Experience suddenly broke with the programme. Hendrix announced, "We'd like to stop playing this rubbish ["Hey Joe"] and dedicate a song to the Cream, regardless of what kind of group they may be in – dedicate this to Eric Clapton, Ginger Baker, and Jack Bruce". As their performance of "Sunshine of Your Love" ran into the time allotted for Lulu's closing number, the show's producer and staff were frantically signalling for the Experience to stop. However, they continued playing and the show ended on a fade. Hendrix later apologised to Lulu, who thought the performance made for a great television moment.
Notes
Footnotes
Citations
References
Adelt, Ulrich (2007). Black, White and Blue: Racial Politics of Blues Music in the 1960s. ISBN 978-0549341963.
Belmo; Loveless, Steve (1998). Jimi Hendrix: Experience the Music. Burlington, Ontario: Collector's Guide Publishing. ISBN 1-896522-45-9.
Birnbaum, Larry (2012). Before Elvis: The Prehistory of Rock 'n' Roll. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-8629-2.
Black, Johnny (1999). Jimi Hendrix: The Ultimate Experience. New York City: Thunder's Mouth Press. ISBN 1-56025-240-5.
Brewer, Jon (Director) (2005). Cream: Their Fully Authorized Story (DVD documentary). Chatsworth, California: Image Entertainment. OCLC 78626813. ID324715DVD.
Covach, John; Boone, Graeme M. (1997). Understanding Rock: Essays in Musical Analysis: Essays in Musical Analysis. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195356625.
Denisoff, R. Serge (1975). Solid Gold: The Popular Record Industry. Piscataway, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers. ISBN 978-0878555864.
Gallagher, Mitch (2012). Guitar Tone: Pursuing the Ultimate Guitar Sound. Boston, Massachusetts: Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-1435456211.
Hoffmann, Frank (1983). The Cash Box Singles Charts, 1950–1981. Lanham, Maryland: The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0810815957.
Lawrence, Robb (2008). The Early Years of the Les Paul Legacy 1915–1963. Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Hal Leonard. ISBN 978--0-634-04861-6.
McDermott, John; Kramer, Eddie; Cox, Billy (2009). Ultimate Hendrix. New York City: Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-0-87930-938-1.
Munro, Doug (2005). Jazz Guitar: Organ Trio Blues. Van Nuys, California: Alfred Music. ISBN 978-0757937279.
Oxman, J. Craig (December 2011). "Clapton's Fool: History's Greatest Guitar?". Vintage Guitar. Alan Greenwood. ISSN 1067-2605. Retrieved 2 January 2012.
Roberty, Mark (1993). Slowhand: The Complete Life and Times of Eric Clapton. New York City: Crown Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-517-88118-7.
Schumacher, Michael (2003). Crossroads: The Life and Music of Eric Clapton. New York City: Citadel Press. ISBN 978-0806524665.
Shapiro, Harry; Glebbeek, Cesar (1990). Jimi Hendrix: Electric Gypsy. New York City: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-05861-6.
Shapiro, Harry (2009). Jack Bruce: Composing Himself: The Authorised Biography. Jawbone Publishing. ISBN 978-1906002268.
Thompson, Dave (2012). Cream: How Eric Clapton Took the World by Storm. New York City: Random House. ISBN 978-1448133710.
Welch, Chris (2000). Cream: The Legendary Sixties Supergroup. Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-1476851501.
Welch, Chris (2011). Clapton. Voyageur Press. ISBN 978-1610597715.
Whitburn, Joel (2015). Top Pop Singles 1955–1996. Menomomee Falls, Wisconsin: Record Research. ISBN 978-0-89820-123-9.
External links
"Sunshine of Your Love" at Discogs (list of releases)
Cream – "Sunshine of Your Love" (album version, audio only) on YouTube
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"Sunshine of Your Love" is a 1967 song by the British rock band Cream. With elements of hard rock and psychedelia, it is one of Cream's best known and most popular songs. Cream bassist and vocalist Jack Bruce based it on a distinctive bass riff he developed after attending a Jimi Hendrix concert. Guitarist Eric Clapton and lyricist Pete Brown later contributed to the song and drummer Ginger Baker plays a distinctive tom-tom drum rhythm.
The song was included on Cream's best-selling second album Disraeli Gears in November 1967. Atco Records, the group's American label, was initially unsure of the song's potential. After recommendations by other label-affiliated artists, it released an edited single version in December 1967. The song became Cream's first and highest charting American single and one of the most popular singles of 1968. In September 1968, it became a modest chart hit after being released in the UK.
Cream performed "Sunshine of Your Love" regularly in concert and several live recordings have been issued, including on the Royal Albert Hall London May 2-3-5-6, 2005 reunion album and video. Hendrix performed faster instrumental versions of the song, which he often dedicated to Cream. Several rock journals have placed the song on their greatest song lists, such as Rolling Stone, Q magazine, and VH1. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame included it on its list of the "500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll".
Composition
In early 1967, Cream were writing and rehearsing songs for a second album. Their December 1966 debut album, Fresh Cream, was a mix of updated blues numbers and pop-oriented rock songs. Inspired by recent developments in rock music, the group began pursuing a more overtly psychedelic direction. "Sunshine of Your Love" began as a bass phrase or riff developed by Cream bassist Jack Bruce. Cream attended a concert on 29 January 1967 by the Jimi Hendrix Experience at the Saville Theatre in London. Cream guitarist Eric Clapton elaborated in a 1988 Rolling Stone magazine interview:
He [Hendrix] played this gig that was blinding. I don't think Jack [Bruce] had really taken him in before ... and when he did see it that night, after the gig he went home and came up with the riff. It was strictly a dedication to Jimi. And then we wrote a song on top of it.
Music writers Covach and Boone describe the riff as blues-derived, which uses a minor blues pentatonic scale with an added flattened fifth note (or common blues scale). The song follows a blues chord progression (I–IV–I) during the first eight bars. Brown had a difficult time writing lyrics that fit the riff. After an all-night session, Bruce played it on a standup bass while lyricist Pete Brown was staring out the window. Slowly, he started to write "It's getting near dawn and lights close their tired eyes", which is used in the first verse. Later, to break up the rhythm, Clapton wrote a refrain which also yielded the song's title. It consists of eight-bar sections using three chords, when the key shifts to the V chord (I = V):
A bootleg recording from the Ricky-Tick club in London before Cream recorded the song in the studio, shows "Sunshine of Your Love" with a beat common to rock for the period. Cream drummer Ginger Baker compared it to the uptempo "Hey Now, Princess", another Bruce-Brown composition Cream recorded in March. He said that he advised Bruce to slow it down and came up with the distinctive drum pattern which emphasises beats one and three (typical rock drumming favours beats two and four and is known as the backbeat). However, Bruce and recording engineer Tom Dowd dispute Baker's claim, which they say he only made much later. Dowd later explained
Where all the other songs that they [Cream] played were prepared, [but] this one song, they never found a pocket, they were never comfortable ... I said, 'You know, have you ever seen any American Westerns [films that have] the Indian beat, where the downbeat is the beat?' ... And when he [Ginger] started playing it that way, all of the parts came together and right away they were elated.
Recording
Cream performed their first American concerts in New York City in 1967. Robert Stigwood, the group's manager, booked them for a Murray the K package show at the RKO Manhattan Theatre from 25 March to 2 April 1967. When it was finished, Stigwood arranged for a recording session with Ahmet Ertegun at Atlantic Studios. Bruce and Brown had a number of new songs in various stages of development and entered the studio on 3 April. Initially, Ertegun assigned Dowd to work with the trio. Dowd had worked with many of the biggest jazz and rhythm and blues musicians in the 1950s and 1960s. However, Cream was his first exposure to extreme volume levels. The group arrived at Atlantic with their concert setup of multiple Marshall amplifiers (each 100 watts). Dowd was surprised by the amount of equipment accompanying the trio: "They recorded at ear-shattering level ... Everyone I'd worked with before was using Fender Deluxes [about 20 watts] or Twins [about 80 watts]—six- and seven-piece bands that didn't play as loud as this three piece did."Ertegun brought in producer Felix Pappalardi, who he believed could work as a go-between with the group and Dowd. They began with "Strange Brew", "Tales of Brave Ulysses", and "Sunshine of Your Love". Ertegun previewed the demos and was unhappy, expecting more blues-based material that was found on Fresh Cream. Jerry Wexler, Ertegun's Atlantic Records partner, reportedly went as far as to call it "psychedelic hogwash". However, Booker T. Jones (producer and keyboardist of Booker T. & the M.G.'s) and Otis Redding (both whose Stax recordings at the time were distributed by Atco parent Atlantic) gave "Sunshine of Your Love" their wholehearted approval. Differences were smoothed over by the time Cream returned in May 1967 to finish recording the songs for Disraeli Gears.With Pappalardi and Dowd, work continued on "Sunshine of Your Love". For his guitar solo, Clapton used a sound known as the "woman tone", which is described as "smooth, dark, singing, sustaining", by author Mitch Gallagher. The actual guitar that Clapton used has been identified as a 1964 Gibson SG, known as "the Fool". It is one of the best-known examples of the woman tone and quotes the melody from the perennial pop standard "Blue Moon". By using the song's major pentatonic scale, Clapton provides a contrast with the riff's blues scale. A writer for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame describes this as "creating a balance between the sun and the moon".Baker plays much of the song on the tom-toms, described as sounding African (Schumacher) and Native American (Shapiro). Covach and Boone note he "concentrates on the lower tom sounds and uses an articulation and sound reminiscent of the jazz drumming in the Woody Herman or Benny Goodman bands".
Releases and charts
"Sunshine of Your Love" was included as the second track on Disraeli Gears, which was released in November 1967 by Reaction Records in the UK and Atco Records in the US. At first, Atco did not see the song as a single ("Strange Brew", backed with "Tales of Brave Ulysses" had been released as a single in June 1967). However, in December 1967, the label issued an edited version of the song as the second single from the album, backed with "SWLABR" (the running time was trimmed from 4:08 to 3:03).
It entered Billboard magazine's Hot 100 chart on 13 January 1968, reaching number 36 during its initial 14-week run. The record re-entered the chart on 6 July 1968 and reached number five on 31 August 1968. In the UK, the single was not released until September 1968, after Cream had announced their impending breakup. Polydor Records issued the UK single, which reached number 25 in the charts.
The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) certified the single gold on 26 September 1968, signifying sales in excess of 1,000,000 copies. In the US, it became one of the best selling singles of 1968 and one of the best-selling at the time for the Atlantic group of labels. As one of Cream's most popular songs, several of the group's compilation albums include the full-length studio recording, such as Best of Cream, Heavy Cream, The Very Best of Cream, and the boxed set Those Were the Days. In the United Kingdom, the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) certified the song gold in September 2022, denoting sales and streaming figures exceeding 400,000 units.
Recognition and influence
In 2004, the song ranked number 65 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the "500 Greatest Songs of All Time". In March 2005, Q magazine placed "Sunshine of Your Love" at number 19 on its list of the "100 Greatest Guitar Tracks Ever!" In 2009, VH1 included it at number 44 on its list of the "Top 100 Hard Rock Songs". The song is on the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's list of the "500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll".Ertegun later admitted that, while his tastes ran more to Robert Johnson (Clapton had recorded Johnson's "Ramblin' on My Mind" with John Mayall, "Crossroads" with the Powerhouse, and "Four Until Late" with Cream), Cream's and Pappalardi's vision resulted in songs which had a much larger impact on the rock audiences of the time. Covach and Boone identified "Sunshine of Your Love" as foreshadowing future trends in rock:
'Sunshine of Your Love', Cream's best-known song, is a culmination of the British adaptation of blues into rock and also the direct precursor of Led Zeppelin and heavy metal, where this type of blues-based motivic riff and harmonic motions like A–C–G or E–G–A (as in "Whole Lotta Love") serve as the basis for a seemingly endless number of songs.
Other recordings
Several live recordings of "Sunshine of Your Love" have been issued on Cream albums. These include a 24 October 1967 recording by the BBC (BBC Sessions), 9 March 1968 at the Winterland Ballroom (Live Cream Volume II), and 26 November 1968 at the Royal Albert Hall (Cream's Farewell Concert). A recording from Cream's reunion show on 3 May 2005 is included on Royal Albert Hall London May 2-3-5-6, 2005. During their post-Cream careers, Clapton and Bruce recorded several live performances of the song.A variety of musicians have recorded "Sunshine of Your Love". After Cream announced their breakup, Hendrix often performed it in concert as a tribute to the group, apparently unaware that they had dedicated the song to him. He played it as an instrumental and sometimes as part of a medley. A performance by the Experience on 4 January 1969 is one of the best-known. During the live broadcast of A Happening for Lulu, a music variety show hosted by pop singer Lulu on BBC Television, the Experience suddenly broke with the programme. Hendrix announced, "We'd like to stop playing this rubbish ["Hey Joe"] and dedicate a song to the Cream, regardless of what kind of group they may be in – dedicate this to Eric Clapton, Ginger Baker, and Jack Bruce". As their performance of "Sunshine of Your Love" ran into the time allotted for Lulu's closing number, the show's producer and staff were frantically signalling for the Experience to stop. However, they continued playing and the show ended on a fade. Hendrix later apologised to Lulu, who thought the performance made for a great television moment.
Notes
Footnotes
Citations
References
Adelt, Ulrich (2007). Black, White and Blue: Racial Politics of Blues Music in the 1960s. ISBN 978-0549341963.
Belmo; Loveless, Steve (1998). Jimi Hendrix: Experience the Music. Burlington, Ontario: Collector's Guide Publishing. ISBN 1-896522-45-9.
Birnbaum, Larry (2012). Before Elvis: The Prehistory of Rock 'n' Roll. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-8629-2.
Black, Johnny (1999). Jimi Hendrix: The Ultimate Experience. New York City: Thunder's Mouth Press. ISBN 1-56025-240-5.
Brewer, Jon (Director) (2005). Cream: Their Fully Authorized Story (DVD documentary). Chatsworth, California: Image Entertainment. OCLC 78626813. ID324715DVD.
Covach, John; Boone, Graeme M. (1997). Understanding Rock: Essays in Musical Analysis: Essays in Musical Analysis. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195356625.
Denisoff, R. Serge (1975). Solid Gold: The Popular Record Industry. Piscataway, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers. ISBN 978-0878555864.
Gallagher, Mitch (2012). Guitar Tone: Pursuing the Ultimate Guitar Sound. Boston, Massachusetts: Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-1435456211.
Hoffmann, Frank (1983). The Cash Box Singles Charts, 1950–1981. Lanham, Maryland: The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0810815957.
Lawrence, Robb (2008). The Early Years of the Les Paul Legacy 1915–1963. Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Hal Leonard. ISBN 978--0-634-04861-6.
McDermott, John; Kramer, Eddie; Cox, Billy (2009). Ultimate Hendrix. New York City: Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-0-87930-938-1.
Munro, Doug (2005). Jazz Guitar: Organ Trio Blues. Van Nuys, California: Alfred Music. ISBN 978-0757937279.
Oxman, J. Craig (December 2011). "Clapton's Fool: History's Greatest Guitar?". Vintage Guitar. Alan Greenwood. ISSN 1067-2605. Retrieved 2 January 2012.
Roberty, Mark (1993). Slowhand: The Complete Life and Times of Eric Clapton. New York City: Crown Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-517-88118-7.
Schumacher, Michael (2003). Crossroads: The Life and Music of Eric Clapton. New York City: Citadel Press. ISBN 978-0806524665.
Shapiro, Harry; Glebbeek, Cesar (1990). Jimi Hendrix: Electric Gypsy. New York City: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-05861-6.
Shapiro, Harry (2009). Jack Bruce: Composing Himself: The Authorised Biography. Jawbone Publishing. ISBN 978-1906002268.
Thompson, Dave (2012). Cream: How Eric Clapton Took the World by Storm. New York City: Random House. ISBN 978-1448133710.
Welch, Chris (2000). Cream: The Legendary Sixties Supergroup. Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-1476851501.
Welch, Chris (2011). Clapton. Voyageur Press. ISBN 978-1610597715.
Whitburn, Joel (2015). Top Pop Singles 1955–1996. Menomomee Falls, Wisconsin: Record Research. ISBN 978-0-89820-123-9.
External links
"Sunshine of Your Love" at Discogs (list of releases)
Cream – "Sunshine of Your Love" (album version, audio only) on YouTube
|
record label
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"Sunshine of Your Love" is a 1967 song by the British rock band Cream. With elements of hard rock and psychedelia, it is one of Cream's best known and most popular songs. Cream bassist and vocalist Jack Bruce based it on a distinctive bass riff he developed after attending a Jimi Hendrix concert. Guitarist Eric Clapton and lyricist Pete Brown later contributed to the song and drummer Ginger Baker plays a distinctive tom-tom drum rhythm.
The song was included on Cream's best-selling second album Disraeli Gears in November 1967. Atco Records, the group's American label, was initially unsure of the song's potential. After recommendations by other label-affiliated artists, it released an edited single version in December 1967. The song became Cream's first and highest charting American single and one of the most popular singles of 1968. In September 1968, it became a modest chart hit after being released in the UK.
Cream performed "Sunshine of Your Love" regularly in concert and several live recordings have been issued, including on the Royal Albert Hall London May 2-3-5-6, 2005 reunion album and video. Hendrix performed faster instrumental versions of the song, which he often dedicated to Cream. Several rock journals have placed the song on their greatest song lists, such as Rolling Stone, Q magazine, and VH1. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame included it on its list of the "500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll".
Composition
In early 1967, Cream were writing and rehearsing songs for a second album. Their December 1966 debut album, Fresh Cream, was a mix of updated blues numbers and pop-oriented rock songs. Inspired by recent developments in rock music, the group began pursuing a more overtly psychedelic direction. "Sunshine of Your Love" began as a bass phrase or riff developed by Cream bassist Jack Bruce. Cream attended a concert on 29 January 1967 by the Jimi Hendrix Experience at the Saville Theatre in London. Cream guitarist Eric Clapton elaborated in a 1988 Rolling Stone magazine interview:
He [Hendrix] played this gig that was blinding. I don't think Jack [Bruce] had really taken him in before ... and when he did see it that night, after the gig he went home and came up with the riff. It was strictly a dedication to Jimi. And then we wrote a song on top of it.
Music writers Covach and Boone describe the riff as blues-derived, which uses a minor blues pentatonic scale with an added flattened fifth note (or common blues scale). The song follows a blues chord progression (I–IV–I) during the first eight bars. Brown had a difficult time writing lyrics that fit the riff. After an all-night session, Bruce played it on a standup bass while lyricist Pete Brown was staring out the window. Slowly, he started to write "It's getting near dawn and lights close their tired eyes", which is used in the first verse. Later, to break up the rhythm, Clapton wrote a refrain which also yielded the song's title. It consists of eight-bar sections using three chords, when the key shifts to the V chord (I = V):
A bootleg recording from the Ricky-Tick club in London before Cream recorded the song in the studio, shows "Sunshine of Your Love" with a beat common to rock for the period. Cream drummer Ginger Baker compared it to the uptempo "Hey Now, Princess", another Bruce-Brown composition Cream recorded in March. He said that he advised Bruce to slow it down and came up with the distinctive drum pattern which emphasises beats one and three (typical rock drumming favours beats two and four and is known as the backbeat). However, Bruce and recording engineer Tom Dowd dispute Baker's claim, which they say he only made much later. Dowd later explained
Where all the other songs that they [Cream] played were prepared, [but] this one song, they never found a pocket, they were never comfortable ... I said, 'You know, have you ever seen any American Westerns [films that have] the Indian beat, where the downbeat is the beat?' ... And when he [Ginger] started playing it that way, all of the parts came together and right away they were elated.
Recording
Cream performed their first American concerts in New York City in 1967. Robert Stigwood, the group's manager, booked them for a Murray the K package show at the RKO Manhattan Theatre from 25 March to 2 April 1967. When it was finished, Stigwood arranged for a recording session with Ahmet Ertegun at Atlantic Studios. Bruce and Brown had a number of new songs in various stages of development and entered the studio on 3 April. Initially, Ertegun assigned Dowd to work with the trio. Dowd had worked with many of the biggest jazz and rhythm and blues musicians in the 1950s and 1960s. However, Cream was his first exposure to extreme volume levels. The group arrived at Atlantic with their concert setup of multiple Marshall amplifiers (each 100 watts). Dowd was surprised by the amount of equipment accompanying the trio: "They recorded at ear-shattering level ... Everyone I'd worked with before was using Fender Deluxes [about 20 watts] or Twins [about 80 watts]—six- and seven-piece bands that didn't play as loud as this three piece did."Ertegun brought in producer Felix Pappalardi, who he believed could work as a go-between with the group and Dowd. They began with "Strange Brew", "Tales of Brave Ulysses", and "Sunshine of Your Love". Ertegun previewed the demos and was unhappy, expecting more blues-based material that was found on Fresh Cream. Jerry Wexler, Ertegun's Atlantic Records partner, reportedly went as far as to call it "psychedelic hogwash". However, Booker T. Jones (producer and keyboardist of Booker T. & the M.G.'s) and Otis Redding (both whose Stax recordings at the time were distributed by Atco parent Atlantic) gave "Sunshine of Your Love" their wholehearted approval. Differences were smoothed over by the time Cream returned in May 1967 to finish recording the songs for Disraeli Gears.With Pappalardi and Dowd, work continued on "Sunshine of Your Love". For his guitar solo, Clapton used a sound known as the "woman tone", which is described as "smooth, dark, singing, sustaining", by author Mitch Gallagher. The actual guitar that Clapton used has been identified as a 1964 Gibson SG, known as "the Fool". It is one of the best-known examples of the woman tone and quotes the melody from the perennial pop standard "Blue Moon". By using the song's major pentatonic scale, Clapton provides a contrast with the riff's blues scale. A writer for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame describes this as "creating a balance between the sun and the moon".Baker plays much of the song on the tom-toms, described as sounding African (Schumacher) and Native American (Shapiro). Covach and Boone note he "concentrates on the lower tom sounds and uses an articulation and sound reminiscent of the jazz drumming in the Woody Herman or Benny Goodman bands".
Releases and charts
"Sunshine of Your Love" was included as the second track on Disraeli Gears, which was released in November 1967 by Reaction Records in the UK and Atco Records in the US. At first, Atco did not see the song as a single ("Strange Brew", backed with "Tales of Brave Ulysses" had been released as a single in June 1967). However, in December 1967, the label issued an edited version of the song as the second single from the album, backed with "SWLABR" (the running time was trimmed from 4:08 to 3:03).
It entered Billboard magazine's Hot 100 chart on 13 January 1968, reaching number 36 during its initial 14-week run. The record re-entered the chart on 6 July 1968 and reached number five on 31 August 1968. In the UK, the single was not released until September 1968, after Cream had announced their impending breakup. Polydor Records issued the UK single, which reached number 25 in the charts.
The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) certified the single gold on 26 September 1968, signifying sales in excess of 1,000,000 copies. In the US, it became one of the best selling singles of 1968 and one of the best-selling at the time for the Atlantic group of labels. As one of Cream's most popular songs, several of the group's compilation albums include the full-length studio recording, such as Best of Cream, Heavy Cream, The Very Best of Cream, and the boxed set Those Were the Days. In the United Kingdom, the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) certified the song gold in September 2022, denoting sales and streaming figures exceeding 400,000 units.
Recognition and influence
In 2004, the song ranked number 65 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the "500 Greatest Songs of All Time". In March 2005, Q magazine placed "Sunshine of Your Love" at number 19 on its list of the "100 Greatest Guitar Tracks Ever!" In 2009, VH1 included it at number 44 on its list of the "Top 100 Hard Rock Songs". The song is on the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's list of the "500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll".Ertegun later admitted that, while his tastes ran more to Robert Johnson (Clapton had recorded Johnson's "Ramblin' on My Mind" with John Mayall, "Crossroads" with the Powerhouse, and "Four Until Late" with Cream), Cream's and Pappalardi's vision resulted in songs which had a much larger impact on the rock audiences of the time. Covach and Boone identified "Sunshine of Your Love" as foreshadowing future trends in rock:
'Sunshine of Your Love', Cream's best-known song, is a culmination of the British adaptation of blues into rock and also the direct precursor of Led Zeppelin and heavy metal, where this type of blues-based motivic riff and harmonic motions like A–C–G or E–G–A (as in "Whole Lotta Love") serve as the basis for a seemingly endless number of songs.
Other recordings
Several live recordings of "Sunshine of Your Love" have been issued on Cream albums. These include a 24 October 1967 recording by the BBC (BBC Sessions), 9 March 1968 at the Winterland Ballroom (Live Cream Volume II), and 26 November 1968 at the Royal Albert Hall (Cream's Farewell Concert). A recording from Cream's reunion show on 3 May 2005 is included on Royal Albert Hall London May 2-3-5-6, 2005. During their post-Cream careers, Clapton and Bruce recorded several live performances of the song.A variety of musicians have recorded "Sunshine of Your Love". After Cream announced their breakup, Hendrix often performed it in concert as a tribute to the group, apparently unaware that they had dedicated the song to him. He played it as an instrumental and sometimes as part of a medley. A performance by the Experience on 4 January 1969 is one of the best-known. During the live broadcast of A Happening for Lulu, a music variety show hosted by pop singer Lulu on BBC Television, the Experience suddenly broke with the programme. Hendrix announced, "We'd like to stop playing this rubbish ["Hey Joe"] and dedicate a song to the Cream, regardless of what kind of group they may be in – dedicate this to Eric Clapton, Ginger Baker, and Jack Bruce". As their performance of "Sunshine of Your Love" ran into the time allotted for Lulu's closing number, the show's producer and staff were frantically signalling for the Experience to stop. However, they continued playing and the show ended on a fade. Hendrix later apologised to Lulu, who thought the performance made for a great television moment.
Notes
Footnotes
Citations
References
Adelt, Ulrich (2007). Black, White and Blue: Racial Politics of Blues Music in the 1960s. ISBN 978-0549341963.
Belmo; Loveless, Steve (1998). Jimi Hendrix: Experience the Music. Burlington, Ontario: Collector's Guide Publishing. ISBN 1-896522-45-9.
Birnbaum, Larry (2012). Before Elvis: The Prehistory of Rock 'n' Roll. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-8629-2.
Black, Johnny (1999). Jimi Hendrix: The Ultimate Experience. New York City: Thunder's Mouth Press. ISBN 1-56025-240-5.
Brewer, Jon (Director) (2005). Cream: Their Fully Authorized Story (DVD documentary). Chatsworth, California: Image Entertainment. OCLC 78626813. ID324715DVD.
Covach, John; Boone, Graeme M. (1997). Understanding Rock: Essays in Musical Analysis: Essays in Musical Analysis. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195356625.
Denisoff, R. Serge (1975). Solid Gold: The Popular Record Industry. Piscataway, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers. ISBN 978-0878555864.
Gallagher, Mitch (2012). Guitar Tone: Pursuing the Ultimate Guitar Sound. Boston, Massachusetts: Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-1435456211.
Hoffmann, Frank (1983). The Cash Box Singles Charts, 1950–1981. Lanham, Maryland: The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0810815957.
Lawrence, Robb (2008). The Early Years of the Les Paul Legacy 1915–1963. Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Hal Leonard. ISBN 978--0-634-04861-6.
McDermott, John; Kramer, Eddie; Cox, Billy (2009). Ultimate Hendrix. New York City: Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-0-87930-938-1.
Munro, Doug (2005). Jazz Guitar: Organ Trio Blues. Van Nuys, California: Alfred Music. ISBN 978-0757937279.
Oxman, J. Craig (December 2011). "Clapton's Fool: History's Greatest Guitar?". Vintage Guitar. Alan Greenwood. ISSN 1067-2605. Retrieved 2 January 2012.
Roberty, Mark (1993). Slowhand: The Complete Life and Times of Eric Clapton. New York City: Crown Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-517-88118-7.
Schumacher, Michael (2003). Crossroads: The Life and Music of Eric Clapton. New York City: Citadel Press. ISBN 978-0806524665.
Shapiro, Harry; Glebbeek, Cesar (1990). Jimi Hendrix: Electric Gypsy. New York City: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-05861-6.
Shapiro, Harry (2009). Jack Bruce: Composing Himself: The Authorised Biography. Jawbone Publishing. ISBN 978-1906002268.
Thompson, Dave (2012). Cream: How Eric Clapton Took the World by Storm. New York City: Random House. ISBN 978-1448133710.
Welch, Chris (2000). Cream: The Legendary Sixties Supergroup. Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-1476851501.
Welch, Chris (2011). Clapton. Voyageur Press. ISBN 978-1610597715.
Whitburn, Joel (2015). Top Pop Singles 1955–1996. Menomomee Falls, Wisconsin: Record Research. ISBN 978-0-89820-123-9.
External links
"Sunshine of Your Love" at Discogs (list of releases)
Cream – "Sunshine of Your Love" (album version, audio only) on YouTube
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"Sunshine of Your Love" is a 1967 song by the British rock band Cream. With elements of hard rock and psychedelia, it is one of Cream's best known and most popular songs. Cream bassist and vocalist Jack Bruce based it on a distinctive bass riff he developed after attending a Jimi Hendrix concert. Guitarist Eric Clapton and lyricist Pete Brown later contributed to the song and drummer Ginger Baker plays a distinctive tom-tom drum rhythm.
The song was included on Cream's best-selling second album Disraeli Gears in November 1967. Atco Records, the group's American label, was initially unsure of the song's potential. After recommendations by other label-affiliated artists, it released an edited single version in December 1967. The song became Cream's first and highest charting American single and one of the most popular singles of 1968. In September 1968, it became a modest chart hit after being released in the UK.
Cream performed "Sunshine of Your Love" regularly in concert and several live recordings have been issued, including on the Royal Albert Hall London May 2-3-5-6, 2005 reunion album and video. Hendrix performed faster instrumental versions of the song, which he often dedicated to Cream. Several rock journals have placed the song on their greatest song lists, such as Rolling Stone, Q magazine, and VH1. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame included it on its list of the "500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll".
Composition
In early 1967, Cream were writing and rehearsing songs for a second album. Their December 1966 debut album, Fresh Cream, was a mix of updated blues numbers and pop-oriented rock songs. Inspired by recent developments in rock music, the group began pursuing a more overtly psychedelic direction. "Sunshine of Your Love" began as a bass phrase or riff developed by Cream bassist Jack Bruce. Cream attended a concert on 29 January 1967 by the Jimi Hendrix Experience at the Saville Theatre in London. Cream guitarist Eric Clapton elaborated in a 1988 Rolling Stone magazine interview:
He [Hendrix] played this gig that was blinding. I don't think Jack [Bruce] had really taken him in before ... and when he did see it that night, after the gig he went home and came up with the riff. It was strictly a dedication to Jimi. And then we wrote a song on top of it.
Music writers Covach and Boone describe the riff as blues-derived, which uses a minor blues pentatonic scale with an added flattened fifth note (or common blues scale). The song follows a blues chord progression (I–IV–I) during the first eight bars. Brown had a difficult time writing lyrics that fit the riff. After an all-night session, Bruce played it on a standup bass while lyricist Pete Brown was staring out the window. Slowly, he started to write "It's getting near dawn and lights close their tired eyes", which is used in the first verse. Later, to break up the rhythm, Clapton wrote a refrain which also yielded the song's title. It consists of eight-bar sections using three chords, when the key shifts to the V chord (I = V):
A bootleg recording from the Ricky-Tick club in London before Cream recorded the song in the studio, shows "Sunshine of Your Love" with a beat common to rock for the period. Cream drummer Ginger Baker compared it to the uptempo "Hey Now, Princess", another Bruce-Brown composition Cream recorded in March. He said that he advised Bruce to slow it down and came up with the distinctive drum pattern which emphasises beats one and three (typical rock drumming favours beats two and four and is known as the backbeat). However, Bruce and recording engineer Tom Dowd dispute Baker's claim, which they say he only made much later. Dowd later explained
Where all the other songs that they [Cream] played were prepared, [but] this one song, they never found a pocket, they were never comfortable ... I said, 'You know, have you ever seen any American Westerns [films that have] the Indian beat, where the downbeat is the beat?' ... And when he [Ginger] started playing it that way, all of the parts came together and right away they were elated.
Recording
Cream performed their first American concerts in New York City in 1967. Robert Stigwood, the group's manager, booked them for a Murray the K package show at the RKO Manhattan Theatre from 25 March to 2 April 1967. When it was finished, Stigwood arranged for a recording session with Ahmet Ertegun at Atlantic Studios. Bruce and Brown had a number of new songs in various stages of development and entered the studio on 3 April. Initially, Ertegun assigned Dowd to work with the trio. Dowd had worked with many of the biggest jazz and rhythm and blues musicians in the 1950s and 1960s. However, Cream was his first exposure to extreme volume levels. The group arrived at Atlantic with their concert setup of multiple Marshall amplifiers (each 100 watts). Dowd was surprised by the amount of equipment accompanying the trio: "They recorded at ear-shattering level ... Everyone I'd worked with before was using Fender Deluxes [about 20 watts] or Twins [about 80 watts]—six- and seven-piece bands that didn't play as loud as this three piece did."Ertegun brought in producer Felix Pappalardi, who he believed could work as a go-between with the group and Dowd. They began with "Strange Brew", "Tales of Brave Ulysses", and "Sunshine of Your Love". Ertegun previewed the demos and was unhappy, expecting more blues-based material that was found on Fresh Cream. Jerry Wexler, Ertegun's Atlantic Records partner, reportedly went as far as to call it "psychedelic hogwash". However, Booker T. Jones (producer and keyboardist of Booker T. & the M.G.'s) and Otis Redding (both whose Stax recordings at the time were distributed by Atco parent Atlantic) gave "Sunshine of Your Love" their wholehearted approval. Differences were smoothed over by the time Cream returned in May 1967 to finish recording the songs for Disraeli Gears.With Pappalardi and Dowd, work continued on "Sunshine of Your Love". For his guitar solo, Clapton used a sound known as the "woman tone", which is described as "smooth, dark, singing, sustaining", by author Mitch Gallagher. The actual guitar that Clapton used has been identified as a 1964 Gibson SG, known as "the Fool". It is one of the best-known examples of the woman tone and quotes the melody from the perennial pop standard "Blue Moon". By using the song's major pentatonic scale, Clapton provides a contrast with the riff's blues scale. A writer for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame describes this as "creating a balance between the sun and the moon".Baker plays much of the song on the tom-toms, described as sounding African (Schumacher) and Native American (Shapiro). Covach and Boone note he "concentrates on the lower tom sounds and uses an articulation and sound reminiscent of the jazz drumming in the Woody Herman or Benny Goodman bands".
Releases and charts
"Sunshine of Your Love" was included as the second track on Disraeli Gears, which was released in November 1967 by Reaction Records in the UK and Atco Records in the US. At first, Atco did not see the song as a single ("Strange Brew", backed with "Tales of Brave Ulysses" had been released as a single in June 1967). However, in December 1967, the label issued an edited version of the song as the second single from the album, backed with "SWLABR" (the running time was trimmed from 4:08 to 3:03).
It entered Billboard magazine's Hot 100 chart on 13 January 1968, reaching number 36 during its initial 14-week run. The record re-entered the chart on 6 July 1968 and reached number five on 31 August 1968. In the UK, the single was not released until September 1968, after Cream had announced their impending breakup. Polydor Records issued the UK single, which reached number 25 in the charts.
The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) certified the single gold on 26 September 1968, signifying sales in excess of 1,000,000 copies. In the US, it became one of the best selling singles of 1968 and one of the best-selling at the time for the Atlantic group of labels. As one of Cream's most popular songs, several of the group's compilation albums include the full-length studio recording, such as Best of Cream, Heavy Cream, The Very Best of Cream, and the boxed set Those Were the Days. In the United Kingdom, the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) certified the song gold in September 2022, denoting sales and streaming figures exceeding 400,000 units.
Recognition and influence
In 2004, the song ranked number 65 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the "500 Greatest Songs of All Time". In March 2005, Q magazine placed "Sunshine of Your Love" at number 19 on its list of the "100 Greatest Guitar Tracks Ever!" In 2009, VH1 included it at number 44 on its list of the "Top 100 Hard Rock Songs". The song is on the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's list of the "500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll".Ertegun later admitted that, while his tastes ran more to Robert Johnson (Clapton had recorded Johnson's "Ramblin' on My Mind" with John Mayall, "Crossroads" with the Powerhouse, and "Four Until Late" with Cream), Cream's and Pappalardi's vision resulted in songs which had a much larger impact on the rock audiences of the time. Covach and Boone identified "Sunshine of Your Love" as foreshadowing future trends in rock:
'Sunshine of Your Love', Cream's best-known song, is a culmination of the British adaptation of blues into rock and also the direct precursor of Led Zeppelin and heavy metal, where this type of blues-based motivic riff and harmonic motions like A–C–G or E–G–A (as in "Whole Lotta Love") serve as the basis for a seemingly endless number of songs.
Other recordings
Several live recordings of "Sunshine of Your Love" have been issued on Cream albums. These include a 24 October 1967 recording by the BBC (BBC Sessions), 9 March 1968 at the Winterland Ballroom (Live Cream Volume II), and 26 November 1968 at the Royal Albert Hall (Cream's Farewell Concert). A recording from Cream's reunion show on 3 May 2005 is included on Royal Albert Hall London May 2-3-5-6, 2005. During their post-Cream careers, Clapton and Bruce recorded several live performances of the song.A variety of musicians have recorded "Sunshine of Your Love". After Cream announced their breakup, Hendrix often performed it in concert as a tribute to the group, apparently unaware that they had dedicated the song to him. He played it as an instrumental and sometimes as part of a medley. A performance by the Experience on 4 January 1969 is one of the best-known. During the live broadcast of A Happening for Lulu, a music variety show hosted by pop singer Lulu on BBC Television, the Experience suddenly broke with the programme. Hendrix announced, "We'd like to stop playing this rubbish ["Hey Joe"] and dedicate a song to the Cream, regardless of what kind of group they may be in – dedicate this to Eric Clapton, Ginger Baker, and Jack Bruce". As their performance of "Sunshine of Your Love" ran into the time allotted for Lulu's closing number, the show's producer and staff were frantically signalling for the Experience to stop. However, they continued playing and the show ended on a fade. Hendrix later apologised to Lulu, who thought the performance made for a great television moment.
Notes
Footnotes
Citations
References
Adelt, Ulrich (2007). Black, White and Blue: Racial Politics of Blues Music in the 1960s. ISBN 978-0549341963.
Belmo; Loveless, Steve (1998). Jimi Hendrix: Experience the Music. Burlington, Ontario: Collector's Guide Publishing. ISBN 1-896522-45-9.
Birnbaum, Larry (2012). Before Elvis: The Prehistory of Rock 'n' Roll. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-8629-2.
Black, Johnny (1999). Jimi Hendrix: The Ultimate Experience. New York City: Thunder's Mouth Press. ISBN 1-56025-240-5.
Brewer, Jon (Director) (2005). Cream: Their Fully Authorized Story (DVD documentary). Chatsworth, California: Image Entertainment. OCLC 78626813. ID324715DVD.
Covach, John; Boone, Graeme M. (1997). Understanding Rock: Essays in Musical Analysis: Essays in Musical Analysis. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195356625.
Denisoff, R. Serge (1975). Solid Gold: The Popular Record Industry. Piscataway, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers. ISBN 978-0878555864.
Gallagher, Mitch (2012). Guitar Tone: Pursuing the Ultimate Guitar Sound. Boston, Massachusetts: Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-1435456211.
Hoffmann, Frank (1983). The Cash Box Singles Charts, 1950–1981. Lanham, Maryland: The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0810815957.
Lawrence, Robb (2008). The Early Years of the Les Paul Legacy 1915–1963. Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Hal Leonard. ISBN 978--0-634-04861-6.
McDermott, John; Kramer, Eddie; Cox, Billy (2009). Ultimate Hendrix. New York City: Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-0-87930-938-1.
Munro, Doug (2005). Jazz Guitar: Organ Trio Blues. Van Nuys, California: Alfred Music. ISBN 978-0757937279.
Oxman, J. Craig (December 2011). "Clapton's Fool: History's Greatest Guitar?". Vintage Guitar. Alan Greenwood. ISSN 1067-2605. Retrieved 2 January 2012.
Roberty, Mark (1993). Slowhand: The Complete Life and Times of Eric Clapton. New York City: Crown Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-517-88118-7.
Schumacher, Michael (2003). Crossroads: The Life and Music of Eric Clapton. New York City: Citadel Press. ISBN 978-0806524665.
Shapiro, Harry; Glebbeek, Cesar (1990). Jimi Hendrix: Electric Gypsy. New York City: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-05861-6.
Shapiro, Harry (2009). Jack Bruce: Composing Himself: The Authorised Biography. Jawbone Publishing. ISBN 978-1906002268.
Thompson, Dave (2012). Cream: How Eric Clapton Took the World by Storm. New York City: Random House. ISBN 978-1448133710.
Welch, Chris (2000). Cream: The Legendary Sixties Supergroup. Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-1476851501.
Welch, Chris (2011). Clapton. Voyageur Press. ISBN 978-1610597715.
Whitburn, Joel (2015). Top Pop Singles 1955–1996. Menomomee Falls, Wisconsin: Record Research. ISBN 978-0-89820-123-9.
External links
"Sunshine of Your Love" at Discogs (list of releases)
Cream – "Sunshine of Your Love" (album version, audio only) on YouTube
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"Sunshine of Your Love" is a 1967 song by the British rock band Cream. With elements of hard rock and psychedelia, it is one of Cream's best known and most popular songs. Cream bassist and vocalist Jack Bruce based it on a distinctive bass riff he developed after attending a Jimi Hendrix concert. Guitarist Eric Clapton and lyricist Pete Brown later contributed to the song and drummer Ginger Baker plays a distinctive tom-tom drum rhythm.
The song was included on Cream's best-selling second album Disraeli Gears in November 1967. Atco Records, the group's American label, was initially unsure of the song's potential. After recommendations by other label-affiliated artists, it released an edited single version in December 1967. The song became Cream's first and highest charting American single and one of the most popular singles of 1968. In September 1968, it became a modest chart hit after being released in the UK.
Cream performed "Sunshine of Your Love" regularly in concert and several live recordings have been issued, including on the Royal Albert Hall London May 2-3-5-6, 2005 reunion album and video. Hendrix performed faster instrumental versions of the song, which he often dedicated to Cream. Several rock journals have placed the song on their greatest song lists, such as Rolling Stone, Q magazine, and VH1. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame included it on its list of the "500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll".
Composition
In early 1967, Cream were writing and rehearsing songs for a second album. Their December 1966 debut album, Fresh Cream, was a mix of updated blues numbers and pop-oriented rock songs. Inspired by recent developments in rock music, the group began pursuing a more overtly psychedelic direction. "Sunshine of Your Love" began as a bass phrase or riff developed by Cream bassist Jack Bruce. Cream attended a concert on 29 January 1967 by the Jimi Hendrix Experience at the Saville Theatre in London. Cream guitarist Eric Clapton elaborated in a 1988 Rolling Stone magazine interview:
He [Hendrix] played this gig that was blinding. I don't think Jack [Bruce] had really taken him in before ... and when he did see it that night, after the gig he went home and came up with the riff. It was strictly a dedication to Jimi. And then we wrote a song on top of it.
Music writers Covach and Boone describe the riff as blues-derived, which uses a minor blues pentatonic scale with an added flattened fifth note (or common blues scale). The song follows a blues chord progression (I–IV–I) during the first eight bars. Brown had a difficult time writing lyrics that fit the riff. After an all-night session, Bruce played it on a standup bass while lyricist Pete Brown was staring out the window. Slowly, he started to write "It's getting near dawn and lights close their tired eyes", which is used in the first verse. Later, to break up the rhythm, Clapton wrote a refrain which also yielded the song's title. It consists of eight-bar sections using three chords, when the key shifts to the V chord (I = V):
A bootleg recording from the Ricky-Tick club in London before Cream recorded the song in the studio, shows "Sunshine of Your Love" with a beat common to rock for the period. Cream drummer Ginger Baker compared it to the uptempo "Hey Now, Princess", another Bruce-Brown composition Cream recorded in March. He said that he advised Bruce to slow it down and came up with the distinctive drum pattern which emphasises beats one and three (typical rock drumming favours beats two and four and is known as the backbeat). However, Bruce and recording engineer Tom Dowd dispute Baker's claim, which they say he only made much later. Dowd later explained
Where all the other songs that they [Cream] played were prepared, [but] this one song, they never found a pocket, they were never comfortable ... I said, 'You know, have you ever seen any American Westerns [films that have] the Indian beat, where the downbeat is the beat?' ... And when he [Ginger] started playing it that way, all of the parts came together and right away they were elated.
Recording
Cream performed their first American concerts in New York City in 1967. Robert Stigwood, the group's manager, booked them for a Murray the K package show at the RKO Manhattan Theatre from 25 March to 2 April 1967. When it was finished, Stigwood arranged for a recording session with Ahmet Ertegun at Atlantic Studios. Bruce and Brown had a number of new songs in various stages of development and entered the studio on 3 April. Initially, Ertegun assigned Dowd to work with the trio. Dowd had worked with many of the biggest jazz and rhythm and blues musicians in the 1950s and 1960s. However, Cream was his first exposure to extreme volume levels. The group arrived at Atlantic with their concert setup of multiple Marshall amplifiers (each 100 watts). Dowd was surprised by the amount of equipment accompanying the trio: "They recorded at ear-shattering level ... Everyone I'd worked with before was using Fender Deluxes [about 20 watts] or Twins [about 80 watts]—six- and seven-piece bands that didn't play as loud as this three piece did."Ertegun brought in producer Felix Pappalardi, who he believed could work as a go-between with the group and Dowd. They began with "Strange Brew", "Tales of Brave Ulysses", and "Sunshine of Your Love". Ertegun previewed the demos and was unhappy, expecting more blues-based material that was found on Fresh Cream. Jerry Wexler, Ertegun's Atlantic Records partner, reportedly went as far as to call it "psychedelic hogwash". However, Booker T. Jones (producer and keyboardist of Booker T. & the M.G.'s) and Otis Redding (both whose Stax recordings at the time were distributed by Atco parent Atlantic) gave "Sunshine of Your Love" their wholehearted approval. Differences were smoothed over by the time Cream returned in May 1967 to finish recording the songs for Disraeli Gears.With Pappalardi and Dowd, work continued on "Sunshine of Your Love". For his guitar solo, Clapton used a sound known as the "woman tone", which is described as "smooth, dark, singing, sustaining", by author Mitch Gallagher. The actual guitar that Clapton used has been identified as a 1964 Gibson SG, known as "the Fool". It is one of the best-known examples of the woman tone and quotes the melody from the perennial pop standard "Blue Moon". By using the song's major pentatonic scale, Clapton provides a contrast with the riff's blues scale. A writer for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame describes this as "creating a balance between the sun and the moon".Baker plays much of the song on the tom-toms, described as sounding African (Schumacher) and Native American (Shapiro). Covach and Boone note he "concentrates on the lower tom sounds and uses an articulation and sound reminiscent of the jazz drumming in the Woody Herman or Benny Goodman bands".
Releases and charts
"Sunshine of Your Love" was included as the second track on Disraeli Gears, which was released in November 1967 by Reaction Records in the UK and Atco Records in the US. At first, Atco did not see the song as a single ("Strange Brew", backed with "Tales of Brave Ulysses" had been released as a single in June 1967). However, in December 1967, the label issued an edited version of the song as the second single from the album, backed with "SWLABR" (the running time was trimmed from 4:08 to 3:03).
It entered Billboard magazine's Hot 100 chart on 13 January 1968, reaching number 36 during its initial 14-week run. The record re-entered the chart on 6 July 1968 and reached number five on 31 August 1968. In the UK, the single was not released until September 1968, after Cream had announced their impending breakup. Polydor Records issued the UK single, which reached number 25 in the charts.
The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) certified the single gold on 26 September 1968, signifying sales in excess of 1,000,000 copies. In the US, it became one of the best selling singles of 1968 and one of the best-selling at the time for the Atlantic group of labels. As one of Cream's most popular songs, several of the group's compilation albums include the full-length studio recording, such as Best of Cream, Heavy Cream, The Very Best of Cream, and the boxed set Those Were the Days. In the United Kingdom, the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) certified the song gold in September 2022, denoting sales and streaming figures exceeding 400,000 units.
Recognition and influence
In 2004, the song ranked number 65 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the "500 Greatest Songs of All Time". In March 2005, Q magazine placed "Sunshine of Your Love" at number 19 on its list of the "100 Greatest Guitar Tracks Ever!" In 2009, VH1 included it at number 44 on its list of the "Top 100 Hard Rock Songs". The song is on the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's list of the "500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll".Ertegun later admitted that, while his tastes ran more to Robert Johnson (Clapton had recorded Johnson's "Ramblin' on My Mind" with John Mayall, "Crossroads" with the Powerhouse, and "Four Until Late" with Cream), Cream's and Pappalardi's vision resulted in songs which had a much larger impact on the rock audiences of the time. Covach and Boone identified "Sunshine of Your Love" as foreshadowing future trends in rock:
'Sunshine of Your Love', Cream's best-known song, is a culmination of the British adaptation of blues into rock and also the direct precursor of Led Zeppelin and heavy metal, where this type of blues-based motivic riff and harmonic motions like A–C–G or E–G–A (as in "Whole Lotta Love") serve as the basis for a seemingly endless number of songs.
Other recordings
Several live recordings of "Sunshine of Your Love" have been issued on Cream albums. These include a 24 October 1967 recording by the BBC (BBC Sessions), 9 March 1968 at the Winterland Ballroom (Live Cream Volume II), and 26 November 1968 at the Royal Albert Hall (Cream's Farewell Concert). A recording from Cream's reunion show on 3 May 2005 is included on Royal Albert Hall London May 2-3-5-6, 2005. During their post-Cream careers, Clapton and Bruce recorded several live performances of the song.A variety of musicians have recorded "Sunshine of Your Love". After Cream announced their breakup, Hendrix often performed it in concert as a tribute to the group, apparently unaware that they had dedicated the song to him. He played it as an instrumental and sometimes as part of a medley. A performance by the Experience on 4 January 1969 is one of the best-known. During the live broadcast of A Happening for Lulu, a music variety show hosted by pop singer Lulu on BBC Television, the Experience suddenly broke with the programme. Hendrix announced, "We'd like to stop playing this rubbish ["Hey Joe"] and dedicate a song to the Cream, regardless of what kind of group they may be in – dedicate this to Eric Clapton, Ginger Baker, and Jack Bruce". As their performance of "Sunshine of Your Love" ran into the time allotted for Lulu's closing number, the show's producer and staff were frantically signalling for the Experience to stop. However, they continued playing and the show ended on a fade. Hendrix later apologised to Lulu, who thought the performance made for a great television moment.
Notes
Footnotes
Citations
References
Adelt, Ulrich (2007). Black, White and Blue: Racial Politics of Blues Music in the 1960s. ISBN 978-0549341963.
Belmo; Loveless, Steve (1998). Jimi Hendrix: Experience the Music. Burlington, Ontario: Collector's Guide Publishing. ISBN 1-896522-45-9.
Birnbaum, Larry (2012). Before Elvis: The Prehistory of Rock 'n' Roll. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-8629-2.
Black, Johnny (1999). Jimi Hendrix: The Ultimate Experience. New York City: Thunder's Mouth Press. ISBN 1-56025-240-5.
Brewer, Jon (Director) (2005). Cream: Their Fully Authorized Story (DVD documentary). Chatsworth, California: Image Entertainment. OCLC 78626813. ID324715DVD.
Covach, John; Boone, Graeme M. (1997). Understanding Rock: Essays in Musical Analysis: Essays in Musical Analysis. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195356625.
Denisoff, R. Serge (1975). Solid Gold: The Popular Record Industry. Piscataway, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers. ISBN 978-0878555864.
Gallagher, Mitch (2012). Guitar Tone: Pursuing the Ultimate Guitar Sound. Boston, Massachusetts: Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-1435456211.
Hoffmann, Frank (1983). The Cash Box Singles Charts, 1950–1981. Lanham, Maryland: The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0810815957.
Lawrence, Robb (2008). The Early Years of the Les Paul Legacy 1915–1963. Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Hal Leonard. ISBN 978--0-634-04861-6.
McDermott, John; Kramer, Eddie; Cox, Billy (2009). Ultimate Hendrix. New York City: Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-0-87930-938-1.
Munro, Doug (2005). Jazz Guitar: Organ Trio Blues. Van Nuys, California: Alfred Music. ISBN 978-0757937279.
Oxman, J. Craig (December 2011). "Clapton's Fool: History's Greatest Guitar?". Vintage Guitar. Alan Greenwood. ISSN 1067-2605. Retrieved 2 January 2012.
Roberty, Mark (1993). Slowhand: The Complete Life and Times of Eric Clapton. New York City: Crown Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 0-517-88118-7.
Schumacher, Michael (2003). Crossroads: The Life and Music of Eric Clapton. New York City: Citadel Press. ISBN 978-0806524665.
Shapiro, Harry; Glebbeek, Cesar (1990). Jimi Hendrix: Electric Gypsy. New York City: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-05861-6.
Shapiro, Harry (2009). Jack Bruce: Composing Himself: The Authorised Biography. Jawbone Publishing. ISBN 978-1906002268.
Thompson, Dave (2012). Cream: How Eric Clapton Took the World by Storm. New York City: Random House. ISBN 978-1448133710.
Welch, Chris (2000). Cream: The Legendary Sixties Supergroup. Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-1476851501.
Welch, Chris (2011). Clapton. Voyageur Press. ISBN 978-1610597715.
Whitburn, Joel (2015). Top Pop Singles 1955–1996. Menomomee Falls, Wisconsin: Record Research. ISBN 978-0-89820-123-9.
External links
"Sunshine of Your Love" at Discogs (list of releases)
Cream – "Sunshine of Your Love" (album version, audio only) on YouTube
|
lyrics by
|
{
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309
],
"text": [
"Eric Clapton"
]
}
|
Springfield City School District is the public school district that serves the city of Springfield, Ohio. It operates 14 schools: ten elementary, three middle, and one high. The district is led by superintendent Robert Hill.
Schools
Elementary schools
Fulton Elementary School
Horace Mann Elementary School
Kenton Elementary School
Kenwood Elementary School
Lagonda Elementary School
Lincoln Elementary School
Perrin Woods Elementary School
Snowhill Elementary School
Snyder Park Elementary School
Warder Park/Wayne Elementary School
Middle schools
Hayward Middle School
Roosevelt Middle School
Schaefer Middle School
High school
Springfield High School
Alternative schools
Keifer Alternative School
Former schools
Franklin Middle School, closed 2004
North High School, closed 2008
South High School, closed 2008Clark Middle School (Springfield, Ohio), closed 2009
References
External links
Official website
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
47
],
"text": [
"school district"
]
}
|
Springfield City School District is the public school district that serves the city of Springfield, Ohio. It operates 14 schools: ten elementary, three middle, and one high. The district is led by superintendent Robert Hill.
Schools
Elementary schools
Fulton Elementary School
Horace Mann Elementary School
Kenton Elementary School
Kenwood Elementary School
Lagonda Elementary School
Lincoln Elementary School
Perrin Woods Elementary School
Snowhill Elementary School
Snyder Park Elementary School
Warder Park/Wayne Elementary School
Middle schools
Hayward Middle School
Roosevelt Middle School
Schaefer Middle School
High school
Springfield High School
Alternative schools
Keifer Alternative School
Former schools
Franklin Middle School, closed 2004
North High School, closed 2008
South High School, closed 2008Clark Middle School (Springfield, Ohio), closed 2009
References
External links
Official website
|
located in the administrative territorial entity
|
{
"answer_start": [
100
],
"text": [
"Ohio"
]
}
|
Chileno Creek is a stream in western Marin County, California, United States. It originates west of Petaluma, California at 220-acre Laguna Lake which straddles Marin and Sonoma Counties, from which it flows west 6.25 kilometres (3.88 mi) before joining Walker Creek, a tributary of Tomales Bay.
History
Chileno Creek is named for Chilean immigrants who settled the Chileno Valley, with encouragement from Adrian Godoy.Chileno Valley Ranch was purchased by Carlo Martinoiya, an immigrant from Cevio, Switzerland from Henry Halleck in 1862. Henry Halleck served as General-in-Chief of all Union armies during the American Civil War and also served as President Abraham Lincoln's Chief of Staff. Carlo Martinoiya anglicized his name to Charles Martin and his great-great-granddaughter Sally Gale and her husband now run one of the ranches in the Chileno Valley. Several of the ranches in the watershed are maintained as agricultural land by the Marin Agricultural Land Trust (MALT).
Watershed and course
The Chileno Creek watershed drains 20.25 square miles (52.4 km2). The creek originates at Laguna Lake, a shallow natural lake at the head of the Chileno Valley. Although Laguna Lake is officially classified as a vernal pool, it retains some water year round. The Chileno Creek watershed ranges from 1,379 feet (420 m) to 62 feet (19 m) at Chileno Creek's confluence with Walker Creek.A study of Chileno Creek hydrogeomorphology found that 30% of the sediment in the watershed is blocked by small stock pond dams, and that lack of sediment causes downstream erosion and slows riparian recovery. Most of its tributaries have one or more dams as well as the mainstem such that dam density, or number of dams per drainage area, is 0.76 square kilometres (0.29 sq mi).
Ecology
In the early 1900s, coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) were abundant in Walker Creek, but were nearly extirpated apparently due to severe erosion and siltation secondary to overgrazing and logging operations. In 1975 D. W. Kelley performed a comprehensive investigation of steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and coho salmon populations. He found small numbers of steelhead young-of-the-year in all viable habitat areas in the watershed, but only eight coho near the confluence of Chileno and Walker Creek. In addition, the Soulajule Reservoir dam blocked all anadromous salmonid fish migration to Arroyo Sausal. California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG) began planting coho salmon from Olema Creek into Walker Creek in 2003 with modest success. In 2008 and again in 2013 coho returned to Walker Creek, Salmon Creek and Frink Canyon.Laguna Lake is used extensively by migrating and breeding waterfowl, including whistling swans (Cygnus columbianus) in winter.
See also
Tomales Bay
References
External links
Tomales Bay Watershed web page of Marin County Watershed Program
Marin Agricultural Land Trust
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
19
],
"text": [
"stream"
]
}
|
Chileno Creek is a stream in western Marin County, California, United States. It originates west of Petaluma, California at 220-acre Laguna Lake which straddles Marin and Sonoma Counties, from which it flows west 6.25 kilometres (3.88 mi) before joining Walker Creek, a tributary of Tomales Bay.
History
Chileno Creek is named for Chilean immigrants who settled the Chileno Valley, with encouragement from Adrian Godoy.Chileno Valley Ranch was purchased by Carlo Martinoiya, an immigrant from Cevio, Switzerland from Henry Halleck in 1862. Henry Halleck served as General-in-Chief of all Union armies during the American Civil War and also served as President Abraham Lincoln's Chief of Staff. Carlo Martinoiya anglicized his name to Charles Martin and his great-great-granddaughter Sally Gale and her husband now run one of the ranches in the Chileno Valley. Several of the ranches in the watershed are maintained as agricultural land by the Marin Agricultural Land Trust (MALT).
Watershed and course
The Chileno Creek watershed drains 20.25 square miles (52.4 km2). The creek originates at Laguna Lake, a shallow natural lake at the head of the Chileno Valley. Although Laguna Lake is officially classified as a vernal pool, it retains some water year round. The Chileno Creek watershed ranges from 1,379 feet (420 m) to 62 feet (19 m) at Chileno Creek's confluence with Walker Creek.A study of Chileno Creek hydrogeomorphology found that 30% of the sediment in the watershed is blocked by small stock pond dams, and that lack of sediment causes downstream erosion and slows riparian recovery. Most of its tributaries have one or more dams as well as the mainstem such that dam density, or number of dams per drainage area, is 0.76 square kilometres (0.29 sq mi).
Ecology
In the early 1900s, coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) were abundant in Walker Creek, but were nearly extirpated apparently due to severe erosion and siltation secondary to overgrazing and logging operations. In 1975 D. W. Kelley performed a comprehensive investigation of steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and coho salmon populations. He found small numbers of steelhead young-of-the-year in all viable habitat areas in the watershed, but only eight coho near the confluence of Chileno and Walker Creek. In addition, the Soulajule Reservoir dam blocked all anadromous salmonid fish migration to Arroyo Sausal. California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG) began planting coho salmon from Olema Creek into Walker Creek in 2003 with modest success. In 2008 and again in 2013 coho returned to Walker Creek, Salmon Creek and Frink Canyon.Laguna Lake is used extensively by migrating and breeding waterfowl, including whistling swans (Cygnus columbianus) in winter.
See also
Tomales Bay
References
External links
Tomales Bay Watershed web page of Marin County Watershed Program
Marin Agricultural Land Trust
|
located in the administrative territorial entity
|
{
"answer_start": [
51
],
"text": [
"California"
]
}
|
WinRM (Windows Remote Management) is Microsoft's implementation of WS-Management in Windows which allows systems to access or exchange management information across a common network. Utilizing scripting objects or the built-in command-line tool, WinRM can be used with any remote computers that may have baseboard management controllers (BMCs) to acquire data. On Windows-based computers including WinRM, certain data supplied by Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) can also be obtained.
Components
WinRM Scripting API
Provides an Application programming interface enabling scripts to remotely acquire data from computers that perform WS-Management operations.
winrm.cmd
Built-in systems management command line tool allowing a machine operator to configure WinRM. Implementation consists of a Visual Basic Scripting (VBS) Edition file (Winrm.vbs) which is written using the aforementioned WinRM scripting API.
winrs.exe
Another command line tool allowing the remote execution of most Cmd.exe commands. This tool utilizes the WS-Management protocol.
Intelligent Platform Management Interface (IPMI) driver
Provides hardware management and facilitates control of remote server hardware through BMCs. IPMI is most useful when the operating system is not running or deployed as it allows for continued remote operations of the bare metal hardware/software.
WMI plug-in
Allows WMI data to be made available to WinRM clients.
WMI service
Leverages the WMI plug-in to provide requested data or control and can also be used to acquire data from most WMI classes. Examples include the Win32_Process, in addition to any IPMI-supplied data.
WS-Management protocol
Web Services Management is a DMTF open standard defining a SOAP-based protocol for the management of servers, devices, applications and various Web services. WS-Management provides a common way for systems to access and exchange management information across the IT infrastructure.Ports
By default WinRM HTTPS used 5986 port, and HTTP uses 5985 port. By default, port 5985 is in listening mode, but port 5986 has to be enabled.
Common uses
Ansible communicates with Windows servers over WinRM using the Python pywinrm package and can remotely run PowerShell scripts and commands.Thycotic's Secret Server also leverages WinRM to enable PowerShell remoting.SolarWinds Server and Application Monitoring software (SAM) utilizes a WinRM server on monitored servers for its PowerShell integration.CloudBolt leverages WinRM as part of Blueprints, Server Actions, and CB Plugins to execute remote scripts on Windows servers using the python pywinrm module.
Security
WinRM uses Kerberos for initial authentication by default. This ensures that actual credentials are never sent in client-server communications, instead relying on features such as hashing and tickets to connect. Although WinRM listeners can be configured to encrypt all communications using HTTPS, with the use of Kerberos, even if unencrypted HTTP is used, all communication is still encrypted using a symmetric 256-bit key after the authentication phase completes. Using HTTPS with WinRM allows for additional security by ensuring server identity via SSL/TLS certificates thereby preventing an attacker from impersonating it.
References
External links
Windows Remote Management - Windows applications | Microsoft Docs
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
1352
],
"text": [
"software"
]
}
|
WinRM (Windows Remote Management) is Microsoft's implementation of WS-Management in Windows which allows systems to access or exchange management information across a common network. Utilizing scripting objects or the built-in command-line tool, WinRM can be used with any remote computers that may have baseboard management controllers (BMCs) to acquire data. On Windows-based computers including WinRM, certain data supplied by Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) can also be obtained.
Components
WinRM Scripting API
Provides an Application programming interface enabling scripts to remotely acquire data from computers that perform WS-Management operations.
winrm.cmd
Built-in systems management command line tool allowing a machine operator to configure WinRM. Implementation consists of a Visual Basic Scripting (VBS) Edition file (Winrm.vbs) which is written using the aforementioned WinRM scripting API.
winrs.exe
Another command line tool allowing the remote execution of most Cmd.exe commands. This tool utilizes the WS-Management protocol.
Intelligent Platform Management Interface (IPMI) driver
Provides hardware management and facilitates control of remote server hardware through BMCs. IPMI is most useful when the operating system is not running or deployed as it allows for continued remote operations of the bare metal hardware/software.
WMI plug-in
Allows WMI data to be made available to WinRM clients.
WMI service
Leverages the WMI plug-in to provide requested data or control and can also be used to acquire data from most WMI classes. Examples include the Win32_Process, in addition to any IPMI-supplied data.
WS-Management protocol
Web Services Management is a DMTF open standard defining a SOAP-based protocol for the management of servers, devices, applications and various Web services. WS-Management provides a common way for systems to access and exchange management information across the IT infrastructure.Ports
By default WinRM HTTPS used 5986 port, and HTTP uses 5985 port. By default, port 5985 is in listening mode, but port 5986 has to be enabled.
Common uses
Ansible communicates with Windows servers over WinRM using the Python pywinrm package and can remotely run PowerShell scripts and commands.Thycotic's Secret Server also leverages WinRM to enable PowerShell remoting.SolarWinds Server and Application Monitoring software (SAM) utilizes a WinRM server on monitored servers for its PowerShell integration.CloudBolt leverages WinRM as part of Blueprints, Server Actions, and CB Plugins to execute remote scripts on Windows servers using the python pywinrm module.
Security
WinRM uses Kerberos for initial authentication by default. This ensures that actual credentials are never sent in client-server communications, instead relying on features such as hashing and tickets to connect. Although WinRM listeners can be configured to encrypt all communications using HTTPS, with the use of Kerberos, even if unencrypted HTTP is used, all communication is still encrypted using a symmetric 256-bit key after the authentication phase completes. Using HTTPS with WinRM allows for additional security by ensuring server identity via SSL/TLS certificates thereby preventing an attacker from impersonating it.
References
External links
Windows Remote Management - Windows applications | Microsoft Docs
|
creator
|
{
"answer_start": [
37
],
"text": [
"Microsoft"
]
}
|
WinRM (Windows Remote Management) is Microsoft's implementation of WS-Management in Windows which allows systems to access or exchange management information across a common network. Utilizing scripting objects or the built-in command-line tool, WinRM can be used with any remote computers that may have baseboard management controllers (BMCs) to acquire data. On Windows-based computers including WinRM, certain data supplied by Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) can also be obtained.
Components
WinRM Scripting API
Provides an Application programming interface enabling scripts to remotely acquire data from computers that perform WS-Management operations.
winrm.cmd
Built-in systems management command line tool allowing a machine operator to configure WinRM. Implementation consists of a Visual Basic Scripting (VBS) Edition file (Winrm.vbs) which is written using the aforementioned WinRM scripting API.
winrs.exe
Another command line tool allowing the remote execution of most Cmd.exe commands. This tool utilizes the WS-Management protocol.
Intelligent Platform Management Interface (IPMI) driver
Provides hardware management and facilitates control of remote server hardware through BMCs. IPMI is most useful when the operating system is not running or deployed as it allows for continued remote operations of the bare metal hardware/software.
WMI plug-in
Allows WMI data to be made available to WinRM clients.
WMI service
Leverages the WMI plug-in to provide requested data or control and can also be used to acquire data from most WMI classes. Examples include the Win32_Process, in addition to any IPMI-supplied data.
WS-Management protocol
Web Services Management is a DMTF open standard defining a SOAP-based protocol for the management of servers, devices, applications and various Web services. WS-Management provides a common way for systems to access and exchange management information across the IT infrastructure.Ports
By default WinRM HTTPS used 5986 port, and HTTP uses 5985 port. By default, port 5985 is in listening mode, but port 5986 has to be enabled.
Common uses
Ansible communicates with Windows servers over WinRM using the Python pywinrm package and can remotely run PowerShell scripts and commands.Thycotic's Secret Server also leverages WinRM to enable PowerShell remoting.SolarWinds Server and Application Monitoring software (SAM) utilizes a WinRM server on monitored servers for its PowerShell integration.CloudBolt leverages WinRM as part of Blueprints, Server Actions, and CB Plugins to execute remote scripts on Windows servers using the python pywinrm module.
Security
WinRM uses Kerberos for initial authentication by default. This ensures that actual credentials are never sent in client-server communications, instead relying on features such as hashing and tickets to connect. Although WinRM listeners can be configured to encrypt all communications using HTTPS, with the use of Kerberos, even if unencrypted HTTP is used, all communication is still encrypted using a symmetric 256-bit key after the authentication phase completes. Using HTTPS with WinRM allows for additional security by ensuring server identity via SSL/TLS certificates thereby preventing an attacker from impersonating it.
References
External links
Windows Remote Management - Windows applications | Microsoft Docs
|
uses
|
{
"answer_start": [
2633
],
"text": [
"Kerberos"
]
}
|
WinRM (Windows Remote Management) is Microsoft's implementation of WS-Management in Windows which allows systems to access or exchange management information across a common network. Utilizing scripting objects or the built-in command-line tool, WinRM can be used with any remote computers that may have baseboard management controllers (BMCs) to acquire data. On Windows-based computers including WinRM, certain data supplied by Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) can also be obtained.
Components
WinRM Scripting API
Provides an Application programming interface enabling scripts to remotely acquire data from computers that perform WS-Management operations.
winrm.cmd
Built-in systems management command line tool allowing a machine operator to configure WinRM. Implementation consists of a Visual Basic Scripting (VBS) Edition file (Winrm.vbs) which is written using the aforementioned WinRM scripting API.
winrs.exe
Another command line tool allowing the remote execution of most Cmd.exe commands. This tool utilizes the WS-Management protocol.
Intelligent Platform Management Interface (IPMI) driver
Provides hardware management and facilitates control of remote server hardware through BMCs. IPMI is most useful when the operating system is not running or deployed as it allows for continued remote operations of the bare metal hardware/software.
WMI plug-in
Allows WMI data to be made available to WinRM clients.
WMI service
Leverages the WMI plug-in to provide requested data or control and can also be used to acquire data from most WMI classes. Examples include the Win32_Process, in addition to any IPMI-supplied data.
WS-Management protocol
Web Services Management is a DMTF open standard defining a SOAP-based protocol for the management of servers, devices, applications and various Web services. WS-Management provides a common way for systems to access and exchange management information across the IT infrastructure.Ports
By default WinRM HTTPS used 5986 port, and HTTP uses 5985 port. By default, port 5985 is in listening mode, but port 5986 has to be enabled.
Common uses
Ansible communicates with Windows servers over WinRM using the Python pywinrm package and can remotely run PowerShell scripts and commands.Thycotic's Secret Server also leverages WinRM to enable PowerShell remoting.SolarWinds Server and Application Monitoring software (SAM) utilizes a WinRM server on monitored servers for its PowerShell integration.CloudBolt leverages WinRM as part of Blueprints, Server Actions, and CB Plugins to execute remote scripts on Windows servers using the python pywinrm module.
Security
WinRM uses Kerberos for initial authentication by default. This ensures that actual credentials are never sent in client-server communications, instead relying on features such as hashing and tickets to connect. Although WinRM listeners can be configured to encrypt all communications using HTTPS, with the use of Kerberos, even if unencrypted HTTP is used, all communication is still encrypted using a symmetric 256-bit key after the authentication phase completes. Using HTTPS with WinRM allows for additional security by ensuring server identity via SSL/TLS certificates thereby preventing an attacker from impersonating it.
References
External links
Windows Remote Management - Windows applications | Microsoft Docs
|
implementation of
|
{
"answer_start": [
67
],
"text": [
"WS-Management"
]
}
|
Scottish Legal News (SLN) is a free online news service for the Scottish legal sector. Established in 2008, its daily content, distributed online and by email, includes a blackletter case law report as well as law firm announcements, such as appointments and promotions; legislative changes; international human rights stories; and events and job opportunities.A poll commissioned by the Law Society of Scotland in 2012 found that 76 percent of Scottish solicitors regularly read Scottish Legal News. The publication's editorials and surveys of the legal profession, on wide-ranging issues including Brexit, lawyers' safety, and major legal reforms, regularly attract wider press attention.
The publication is edited by Kapil Summan and the managing editor is Graham Ogilvy.
External links
Official website
== References ==
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
800
],
"text": [
"website"
]
}
|
Nadema Ivania Agard, who also uses the name Winyan Luta Red Woman, (born September 10, 1948) is an American visual artist, educator, illustrator, poet, storyteller, museum professional and an activist for Indigenous rights. Agard also works as a consultant on repatriation, multicultural arts, and Native American arts and cultures. Additionally, Agard owns and directs an art production and consulting enterprise, Red Earth Studio.Agard's art is primarily mixed media visual arts, ranging from canvas paintings, sketches, and published works and her intent is to show the relations of femininity and masculinity in various mixed medias. Her goal is also to represent the merging of cultures races, religions, and traditions together, as well as to serve as a form of visual worship.
Early and personal life
Agard was born and raised in New York, where she has lived most of her life. Agard was exposed to art at a very young age, as her father was a portrait artist and muralist. She has credited this constant exposure to art as an early inspiration for her choice to create art herself. Agard grew up in New York, where she has family.
Agard self-identifies as having Lakota, Powhatan, and Cherokee ancestry.In the early 2000s, Agard was diagnosed with breast cancer but she later beat it. She had to take a step back from making art until creating "Moon Breast Mother."She currently lives in her hometown of New York.
Education
In June 1970, Agard earned a bachelor of science degree in art education from New York University. Three years later, she continued her education in New York and completed a master's program, earning a master of art degree in art in education at Columbia University, Teacher’s College in December 1973. Between the years of living in New York and pursuing higher education, Agard spent two summers studying in Europe. At the Università Cattolica di Milano of Rome, Italy, in Summer 1969, Agard studied Renaissance art and Architecture. And in Greece at the Aegina Arts Centre, she studied fine arts through Summer 1972.
After earning her first degree in art and education, Agard began to teach art in the New York City Public School system for 15 years on and off. In 1981, she left teaching to run the Native arts program, "So the Spirit Flows" at the Museum of the American Indian until 1988 when she received a NEA Fellowship to eventually publish her Southeastern Native Arts Directory at Bemidji State University in Minnesota where she was an adjunct professor of studio arts and art education. From 1995 to 1997 she became the Repatriation Director for the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe and in the early 2000s, she accepted the position of Community Outreach Specialist for the Smithsonian's National Museum of the American Indian. After leaving the museum, Agard has taken several roles as a guest curator, and has used her time to give lectures and create artwork. She continued to serve as a lecturer for the New York Council for the Humanities for many years. She continued to give lectures and curate at various universities and museums locally and nationally.
Artworks
Our Lady of Guadalakota
Our Lady of Guadalakota is a sepia pencil drawing by Agard created in 1997 that symbolizes the fusion of the Mesoamerica goddess Tonantzin, also seen as the Virgin of Guadalupe, with the Sacred White Buffalo Calf Woman of the Lakota people.
Moon Breast Mother: An Installation
Moon Breast Mother: An Installation is a mixed-media soft sculpture that includes acrylic paint on a canvas. It consists of ten pieces and each square is 12 by 12 inches.
Agard created the work in 2003 after she overcame breast cancer. She created each of the moons to be a soft sculpture that reflects a woman’s body in many phases and per Patricia Janis Broder, shows the ongoing theme of her art that highlights female genitalia in a more open perspective. After showing this piece in a solo exhibition in 2003, Agard now keeps the ten-piece installation in her home in New York.
Wampum Moons of Change
Wampum Moons of Change is a 12-piece installation, with a similar format to her piece “Moon Breast Mother”. It was created in 2009 for the Staten Island Museum collection, “CONTACT 1609”. This is also a soft sculpture mixed media piece on a canvas with acrylic paint. Each piece of this installation is a 12”x12” square, each with a different symbol that represents both Native American and Dutch cultures. Purple and creme paints are displayed through each square, each containing images including shells, corn, various animals, and even writing that says “half moon”. None of the twelve images repeat, and hanging below the twelve-piece installation is a sweat grass braid with purple ribbon.
Publications
"Art as a Vehicle for Empowerment" in Voices of Color: Art and Society in the Americas (1997, edited by Phoebe Farris-Dufrene)
The Chichi Hoohoo Bogeyman (illustrations, 2008)
National Museum of the American Indian: Native Artists in the Americas (Brief introduction/guide to interpreting and understanding the art she created while in the program of this museum.)
Exhibitions
Nadema Agard has had her work in various solo and group exhibitions since 1979. The majority of her work was found in group exhibitions in New York, Minnesota, Arizona and nationwide.
Solo exhibitions
1992: “Sacred Door”, Woodland Pattern Gallery, Milwaukee, WI
1993: “Door to Heaven-Door From Heaven”, Gustavus Adolphus College, Schaefer Gallery, St. Peter, MN
1994: “She is the Four Directions”, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN
1997: “Starblanket Heaven”, Bismarck Art Gallery Association, Bismarck, ND
2003: “Parfleche Visions and Moon Breast Mothers”, New Century Artists, New York
Group exhibitions
1979: “Invitational 79”, Gallery of the American Indian Community House, Soho, NY
1980: “National American Indian Women’s Art Show”, Via Gambaro Gallery, Washington, D.C.
1980: “So the Spirit Flows”, Museum of the American Indian, New York
1980: “At the Edge of the Woodlands”, Native American Center for the Living Arts, Niagara Falls, NY
1980: “Voices Expressing What Is: Action Against Racism in the Arts”, Westbeth Gallery, New York
1981: “Invitational 81”, Gallery of the American Indian Community House, Soho, NY
1981: “Visions of the Earth”, Native American Rights Fund Annual Show, Boulder, CO
1981: Gallery of the 21st Century, Santa Fe, NM
1981: “Four Directions”, Gallery for the American Indian Community House, Soho, NY
1981: “Night of the First Americans”, Atrium Gallery, Kennedy Center, Washington, D.C
1981: “Native Americans, the Women and Their Art”, NYU Contemporary Art Gallery, New York
1982: “Native Women Artists”, Gallery of the American Indian Community House, Soho
1983: “Twenty Six Horses Gallery”, Soho, NY
1984: “Artistas Indigenas Traveling Exhibit”, Portland, OR
1984: “WE ARE THE SEVENTH GENERATION”, Native American Indian Media Corporation traveling exhibit, Atlanta, GA
1986: “The Artist and the Spiritual Quest”, Women’s Caucus for the Art, Soho
1986: “Riders with No Horse”, Gallery of the American Indian Community House, Soho, NY
1987: “Native America: Life, Legend and Art”, Trenton, NJ
1988: “A National Women of Color Artist Book Exhibition”, Houston, TX
1989: “A National Women of Color Artist Book Project”, Center for Book Arts Coast to Coast, Soho, NY
1990: “Ancestors Known and Unknown-Boxworks”, Arts in General, Coast to Coast, Tribeca, NY
1991: “All Over the Map: Women and Place”, Moorhead, MN
1991: “Manhattan Days: Prairie Daze”, Bemidji Community Art Center, a two-person installation/exhibition, Bemidji, MN
1992: “Visual Arts Faculty Exhibition”, Talley Gallery of Bemidji State University, Bemidji, MN
1992: “Earth Art: Visions and Interpretations of Nature Through Environmentally Sensitive Art”, Associated Artists of Winston-Salem, Winston-Salem, NC
1993: “Visual Arts Faculty”, Talley Gallery of Bemidji State University, Bemidji, MN
1993: “Retablos-Latino Icons,” United Community Center Gallery of the Americas, Milwaukee, WI
1994: “Gathering Medicine Exhibition”, Art in General, Coast to Coast-Women of Color in the Arts, Tribeca, NY
1994: “World's Women On-Line coordinated by Muriel Magenta,” United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing, China, Visual Arts Coordinator, Institute for Studies in the Arts, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
1994: “Native Survival: Response to HIV/AIDS”, Heard Museum, Phoenix, AZ
1994: “Native Survival: Response to HIV/AIDS”, Hartwick College, Oneonta, NY
1994: “Virgin of Guadalupe Is the Corn Mother, a Multimedia Work”, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ
1996: “Native Survival: Response to HIV/AIDS”, Two Rivers Gallery, Minneapolis, MN
1996: “American Indian College Fund Gala Auction”, Waldorf Astoria Hotel, New York
1996: “Voices of Color”, Purdue University Gallery, West Lafayette, IN
1996: “Frida Kahlo, Modern Portraits of Modern Idon”, Frasier Gallery, Georgetown, Washington D.C.
1997: “Piecevvorks”, Studio Museum in Harlem, New York
1999 - 1998: “Metaphors: Art Inspired By Everyday Objects and Folklore”, New York
2000: “Mother Love: Native Women and the Land”, New York Gallery of the American Indian Community House, New York
2002 - 2001: “Who is the Virgin of Guadalupe? Women Artists Crossing Borders”, Henry Street Settlement Abrons Art Center, New York
2002: “Stories from the Circle: Science and Native Wisdom”, The Ned Hatathli Museum, Diné College, Tsaile, AZ
2003: “Native American Artists/Scholars: Speaking for Ourselves in the 21st” Gallery of the American Indian Community House, New York
2004: “Native Views: Influences of Modern Culture”, Artrain U.S.A. (Traveling Show 2004-2007)
2005: “Impacted Nations”, Honor the Earth (Traveling Show 2005-2008)
2005-2006: “An Artistic Perspective, Lady Liberty as a Native American Icon”, Gallery of Ellis Island Immigration Museum, New York
2005: “New York Mix: Art of the Five Civilized Boroughs” Gallery of the American Indian Community House, New York
2008-2007: “¡FRIJOLITOS!: A SMALL WORKS EXHIBITION”, Raices Taller 222 Art Gallery & Workshop, Tucson, AZ
2009: “Contact 1609” Staten Island Museum, Staten Island
2009: “The Importance of in/visibility, Abrazo Interno Gallery, New York
2015: “How to Catch Eel and Grow Corn”, Wilmer Jennings Gallery, New York
Collections
American Indian Community House Gallery (AICH Gallery): Cultural Center in the Lower Manhattan Area
Powhatan Museum: is located in the historic Mt. Pleasant neighborhood (Washington DC)
Honors and awards
(2003) Ingrid Washinawatok Award for Community Activism: Ingrid Washinawatok was an activist and Native leader before being murdered on a trip to Columbia to work with indigenous groups. The award is given in her honor, and in 2003 Nadema Agard was the recipient.
(1997) Smithsonian Institution American Indian Museum Studies Scholarship.
(1988) Scholar-in-Residence at the Phelps Stokes Institute
(1987-1988) National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship
References
External links
Official website
Article by Agard for Amerinda.org
|
place of birth
|
{
"answer_start": [
2139
],
"text": [
"New York City"
]
}
|
Nadema Ivania Agard, who also uses the name Winyan Luta Red Woman, (born September 10, 1948) is an American visual artist, educator, illustrator, poet, storyteller, museum professional and an activist for Indigenous rights. Agard also works as a consultant on repatriation, multicultural arts, and Native American arts and cultures. Additionally, Agard owns and directs an art production and consulting enterprise, Red Earth Studio.Agard's art is primarily mixed media visual arts, ranging from canvas paintings, sketches, and published works and her intent is to show the relations of femininity and masculinity in various mixed medias. Her goal is also to represent the merging of cultures races, religions, and traditions together, as well as to serve as a form of visual worship.
Early and personal life
Agard was born and raised in New York, where she has lived most of her life. Agard was exposed to art at a very young age, as her father was a portrait artist and muralist. She has credited this constant exposure to art as an early inspiration for her choice to create art herself. Agard grew up in New York, where she has family.
Agard self-identifies as having Lakota, Powhatan, and Cherokee ancestry.In the early 2000s, Agard was diagnosed with breast cancer but she later beat it. She had to take a step back from making art until creating "Moon Breast Mother."She currently lives in her hometown of New York.
Education
In June 1970, Agard earned a bachelor of science degree in art education from New York University. Three years later, she continued her education in New York and completed a master's program, earning a master of art degree in art in education at Columbia University, Teacher’s College in December 1973. Between the years of living in New York and pursuing higher education, Agard spent two summers studying in Europe. At the Università Cattolica di Milano of Rome, Italy, in Summer 1969, Agard studied Renaissance art and Architecture. And in Greece at the Aegina Arts Centre, she studied fine arts through Summer 1972.
After earning her first degree in art and education, Agard began to teach art in the New York City Public School system for 15 years on and off. In 1981, she left teaching to run the Native arts program, "So the Spirit Flows" at the Museum of the American Indian until 1988 when she received a NEA Fellowship to eventually publish her Southeastern Native Arts Directory at Bemidji State University in Minnesota where she was an adjunct professor of studio arts and art education. From 1995 to 1997 she became the Repatriation Director for the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe and in the early 2000s, she accepted the position of Community Outreach Specialist for the Smithsonian's National Museum of the American Indian. After leaving the museum, Agard has taken several roles as a guest curator, and has used her time to give lectures and create artwork. She continued to serve as a lecturer for the New York Council for the Humanities for many years. She continued to give lectures and curate at various universities and museums locally and nationally.
Artworks
Our Lady of Guadalakota
Our Lady of Guadalakota is a sepia pencil drawing by Agard created in 1997 that symbolizes the fusion of the Mesoamerica goddess Tonantzin, also seen as the Virgin of Guadalupe, with the Sacred White Buffalo Calf Woman of the Lakota people.
Moon Breast Mother: An Installation
Moon Breast Mother: An Installation is a mixed-media soft sculpture that includes acrylic paint on a canvas. It consists of ten pieces and each square is 12 by 12 inches.
Agard created the work in 2003 after she overcame breast cancer. She created each of the moons to be a soft sculpture that reflects a woman’s body in many phases and per Patricia Janis Broder, shows the ongoing theme of her art that highlights female genitalia in a more open perspective. After showing this piece in a solo exhibition in 2003, Agard now keeps the ten-piece installation in her home in New York.
Wampum Moons of Change
Wampum Moons of Change is a 12-piece installation, with a similar format to her piece “Moon Breast Mother”. It was created in 2009 for the Staten Island Museum collection, “CONTACT 1609”. This is also a soft sculpture mixed media piece on a canvas with acrylic paint. Each piece of this installation is a 12”x12” square, each with a different symbol that represents both Native American and Dutch cultures. Purple and creme paints are displayed through each square, each containing images including shells, corn, various animals, and even writing that says “half moon”. None of the twelve images repeat, and hanging below the twelve-piece installation is a sweat grass braid with purple ribbon.
Publications
"Art as a Vehicle for Empowerment" in Voices of Color: Art and Society in the Americas (1997, edited by Phoebe Farris-Dufrene)
The Chichi Hoohoo Bogeyman (illustrations, 2008)
National Museum of the American Indian: Native Artists in the Americas (Brief introduction/guide to interpreting and understanding the art she created while in the program of this museum.)
Exhibitions
Nadema Agard has had her work in various solo and group exhibitions since 1979. The majority of her work was found in group exhibitions in New York, Minnesota, Arizona and nationwide.
Solo exhibitions
1992: “Sacred Door”, Woodland Pattern Gallery, Milwaukee, WI
1993: “Door to Heaven-Door From Heaven”, Gustavus Adolphus College, Schaefer Gallery, St. Peter, MN
1994: “She is the Four Directions”, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN
1997: “Starblanket Heaven”, Bismarck Art Gallery Association, Bismarck, ND
2003: “Parfleche Visions and Moon Breast Mothers”, New Century Artists, New York
Group exhibitions
1979: “Invitational 79”, Gallery of the American Indian Community House, Soho, NY
1980: “National American Indian Women’s Art Show”, Via Gambaro Gallery, Washington, D.C.
1980: “So the Spirit Flows”, Museum of the American Indian, New York
1980: “At the Edge of the Woodlands”, Native American Center for the Living Arts, Niagara Falls, NY
1980: “Voices Expressing What Is: Action Against Racism in the Arts”, Westbeth Gallery, New York
1981: “Invitational 81”, Gallery of the American Indian Community House, Soho, NY
1981: “Visions of the Earth”, Native American Rights Fund Annual Show, Boulder, CO
1981: Gallery of the 21st Century, Santa Fe, NM
1981: “Four Directions”, Gallery for the American Indian Community House, Soho, NY
1981: “Night of the First Americans”, Atrium Gallery, Kennedy Center, Washington, D.C
1981: “Native Americans, the Women and Their Art”, NYU Contemporary Art Gallery, New York
1982: “Native Women Artists”, Gallery of the American Indian Community House, Soho
1983: “Twenty Six Horses Gallery”, Soho, NY
1984: “Artistas Indigenas Traveling Exhibit”, Portland, OR
1984: “WE ARE THE SEVENTH GENERATION”, Native American Indian Media Corporation traveling exhibit, Atlanta, GA
1986: “The Artist and the Spiritual Quest”, Women’s Caucus for the Art, Soho
1986: “Riders with No Horse”, Gallery of the American Indian Community House, Soho, NY
1987: “Native America: Life, Legend and Art”, Trenton, NJ
1988: “A National Women of Color Artist Book Exhibition”, Houston, TX
1989: “A National Women of Color Artist Book Project”, Center for Book Arts Coast to Coast, Soho, NY
1990: “Ancestors Known and Unknown-Boxworks”, Arts in General, Coast to Coast, Tribeca, NY
1991: “All Over the Map: Women and Place”, Moorhead, MN
1991: “Manhattan Days: Prairie Daze”, Bemidji Community Art Center, a two-person installation/exhibition, Bemidji, MN
1992: “Visual Arts Faculty Exhibition”, Talley Gallery of Bemidji State University, Bemidji, MN
1992: “Earth Art: Visions and Interpretations of Nature Through Environmentally Sensitive Art”, Associated Artists of Winston-Salem, Winston-Salem, NC
1993: “Visual Arts Faculty”, Talley Gallery of Bemidji State University, Bemidji, MN
1993: “Retablos-Latino Icons,” United Community Center Gallery of the Americas, Milwaukee, WI
1994: “Gathering Medicine Exhibition”, Art in General, Coast to Coast-Women of Color in the Arts, Tribeca, NY
1994: “World's Women On-Line coordinated by Muriel Magenta,” United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing, China, Visual Arts Coordinator, Institute for Studies in the Arts, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
1994: “Native Survival: Response to HIV/AIDS”, Heard Museum, Phoenix, AZ
1994: “Native Survival: Response to HIV/AIDS”, Hartwick College, Oneonta, NY
1994: “Virgin of Guadalupe Is the Corn Mother, a Multimedia Work”, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ
1996: “Native Survival: Response to HIV/AIDS”, Two Rivers Gallery, Minneapolis, MN
1996: “American Indian College Fund Gala Auction”, Waldorf Astoria Hotel, New York
1996: “Voices of Color”, Purdue University Gallery, West Lafayette, IN
1996: “Frida Kahlo, Modern Portraits of Modern Idon”, Frasier Gallery, Georgetown, Washington D.C.
1997: “Piecevvorks”, Studio Museum in Harlem, New York
1999 - 1998: “Metaphors: Art Inspired By Everyday Objects and Folklore”, New York
2000: “Mother Love: Native Women and the Land”, New York Gallery of the American Indian Community House, New York
2002 - 2001: “Who is the Virgin of Guadalupe? Women Artists Crossing Borders”, Henry Street Settlement Abrons Art Center, New York
2002: “Stories from the Circle: Science and Native Wisdom”, The Ned Hatathli Museum, Diné College, Tsaile, AZ
2003: “Native American Artists/Scholars: Speaking for Ourselves in the 21st” Gallery of the American Indian Community House, New York
2004: “Native Views: Influences of Modern Culture”, Artrain U.S.A. (Traveling Show 2004-2007)
2005: “Impacted Nations”, Honor the Earth (Traveling Show 2005-2008)
2005-2006: “An Artistic Perspective, Lady Liberty as a Native American Icon”, Gallery of Ellis Island Immigration Museum, New York
2005: “New York Mix: Art of the Five Civilized Boroughs” Gallery of the American Indian Community House, New York
2008-2007: “¡FRIJOLITOS!: A SMALL WORKS EXHIBITION”, Raices Taller 222 Art Gallery & Workshop, Tucson, AZ
2009: “Contact 1609” Staten Island Museum, Staten Island
2009: “The Importance of in/visibility, Abrazo Interno Gallery, New York
2015: “How to Catch Eel and Grow Corn”, Wilmer Jennings Gallery, New York
Collections
American Indian Community House Gallery (AICH Gallery): Cultural Center in the Lower Manhattan Area
Powhatan Museum: is located in the historic Mt. Pleasant neighborhood (Washington DC)
Honors and awards
(2003) Ingrid Washinawatok Award for Community Activism: Ingrid Washinawatok was an activist and Native leader before being murdered on a trip to Columbia to work with indigenous groups. The award is given in her honor, and in 2003 Nadema Agard was the recipient.
(1997) Smithsonian Institution American Indian Museum Studies Scholarship.
(1988) Scholar-in-Residence at the Phelps Stokes Institute
(1987-1988) National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship
References
External links
Official website
Article by Agard for Amerinda.org
|
sex or gender
|
{
"answer_start": [
3829
],
"text": [
"female"
]
}
|
Rüstem Pasha Medrese (Turkish: Rüstem Paşa Medresesi) is a former medrese, located in Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey. It was commissioned by Ottoman statesman and grand vizier Rüstem Pasha, and built by court architect Mimar Sinan in 1551.
History
Rüstem Pasha Medrese is situated at Rüstempaşa Street 34 in Sururi neighborhood of Fatih district in old Istanbul. It was commissioned by Ottoman statesman and grand vizier Rüstem Pasha (c. 1500-1561). It was built by the court architect Mimar Sinan (c. 1488/1490-1588), and completed in 1550-1551.The building was used as a madrasa, an institution for religious education, until 1869. It was occupied by the victims of the 1918 fire. During the Republican Era (after 1923), the building served in the beginning as orphanage, and after 1966 as dormitory for university students. From 1987 on, it has been used by the local Social Assistance and Solidarity Foundation of Eminönü.The building's facades suffered damage by atmospheric effects, fires around it and waste water caused by blocked sewage system. Restoration work, which began in 2006, was completed in 2011.
Bediüzzaman Museum
In October 2012, Bediüzzaman Museum (Turkish: Bediüzzaman Said Nursi ve Risale-i Nur Müzesi) was established inside the medrese building occupying two chambers, one of which is a former cell-like student room. It is dedicated to the life and work of the Kurdish Sunni Muslim theologian Said Nursî (1877–1960).
Architecture
It is constructed on a hillside down to the Golden Horn over a platform raised above the ground to the north. The northeastern wall of the medrese building is about 7.50 m (24.6 ft) back from the supporting wall of the platform in the north.
It is designed in an octagonal courtyard inside a quasi-square plan. Mimar Sinan repeated the octagonal design after the Kapı Ağa Medrese (built 1488) in Amasya, differing from the original in the square-plan outer walls, which measure 42 m × 43 m (138 ft × 141 ft) in length. It is built of ashlar and bricks. Entrance to the medrese's central courtyard is through an arch gate in the middle of the southeastern wing. In the center of the courtyard a shadirvan with pyramid-like roof is situated. The courtyard is surrounded by a colonnaded gallery with 24 marble columns and covered by 24 domes; 16 columns are round while 8 columns standing at the corners of the octagonal colonnade are polygonal. Around this gallery in turn are 22 student rooms and classrooms covered by domes. The student rooms are cell-like while the classrooms are relative bigger chambers. The chambers are one step higher than the gallery floor and are entered by a flat-arch door. The student room interiors have barred windows facing to the courtyard and arched niches. The domes of the rooms are connected at the interior by vaulted muqarnas. At the middle of the southeastern facade is a mihrab which was added in a later time. A two-story annex with a big dome is situated at the southeastern side of the medrese. It has two rectangular barred windows in the ground floor and three arched windows on the floor above. It is believed that the chamber at the southern corner was a bath or a kitchen due to its different type of roof.
== References ==
|
country
|
{
"answer_start": [
114
],
"text": [
"Turkey"
]
}
|
Rüstem Pasha Medrese (Turkish: Rüstem Paşa Medresesi) is a former medrese, located in Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey. It was commissioned by Ottoman statesman and grand vizier Rüstem Pasha, and built by court architect Mimar Sinan in 1551.
History
Rüstem Pasha Medrese is situated at Rüstempaşa Street 34 in Sururi neighborhood of Fatih district in old Istanbul. It was commissioned by Ottoman statesman and grand vizier Rüstem Pasha (c. 1500-1561). It was built by the court architect Mimar Sinan (c. 1488/1490-1588), and completed in 1550-1551.The building was used as a madrasa, an institution for religious education, until 1869. It was occupied by the victims of the 1918 fire. During the Republican Era (after 1923), the building served in the beginning as orphanage, and after 1966 as dormitory for university students. From 1987 on, it has been used by the local Social Assistance and Solidarity Foundation of Eminönü.The building's facades suffered damage by atmospheric effects, fires around it and waste water caused by blocked sewage system. Restoration work, which began in 2006, was completed in 2011.
Bediüzzaman Museum
In October 2012, Bediüzzaman Museum (Turkish: Bediüzzaman Said Nursi ve Risale-i Nur Müzesi) was established inside the medrese building occupying two chambers, one of which is a former cell-like student room. It is dedicated to the life and work of the Kurdish Sunni Muslim theologian Said Nursî (1877–1960).
Architecture
It is constructed on a hillside down to the Golden Horn over a platform raised above the ground to the north. The northeastern wall of the medrese building is about 7.50 m (24.6 ft) back from the supporting wall of the platform in the north.
It is designed in an octagonal courtyard inside a quasi-square plan. Mimar Sinan repeated the octagonal design after the Kapı Ağa Medrese (built 1488) in Amasya, differing from the original in the square-plan outer walls, which measure 42 m × 43 m (138 ft × 141 ft) in length. It is built of ashlar and bricks. Entrance to the medrese's central courtyard is through an arch gate in the middle of the southeastern wing. In the center of the courtyard a shadirvan with pyramid-like roof is situated. The courtyard is surrounded by a colonnaded gallery with 24 marble columns and covered by 24 domes; 16 columns are round while 8 columns standing at the corners of the octagonal colonnade are polygonal. Around this gallery in turn are 22 student rooms and classrooms covered by domes. The student rooms are cell-like while the classrooms are relative bigger chambers. The chambers are one step higher than the gallery floor and are entered by a flat-arch door. The student room interiors have barred windows facing to the courtyard and arched niches. The domes of the rooms are connected at the interior by vaulted muqarnas. At the middle of the southeastern facade is a mihrab which was added in a later time. A two-story annex with a big dome is situated at the southeastern side of the medrese. It has two rectangular barred windows in the ground floor and three arched windows on the floor above. It is believed that the chamber at the southern corner was a bath or a kitchen due to its different type of roof.
== References ==
|
located in the administrative territorial entity
|
{
"answer_start": [
86
],
"text": [
"Fatih"
]
}
|
Mary Alice Faid (21 January 1897 – 14 January 1990), was a British writer of children's books, mostly religious fiction, and of adult fiction.
Personal life
Mary Alice Faid was born in Greenock, Scotland, in 1897. Her father was a butcher. She may have attended the University of Glasgow. She married Alexander Carson Dunn in 1923 in the Primitive Methodist Church; he was a teacher. She died in Helensburgh, Scotland, in 1990.Faid is best known for the Trudy series of ten books for children. These take the eponymous heroine from school age to adult life, with an emphasis on her involvement with the evangelistic movement and urban missions. As well as Faid's prolific output of romantic novels, she also wrote stories for women's magazines.
Selected books
Trudy series
Trudy Takes Charge (Pickering & Inglis, 1949)
Trudy's Island Holiday (Pickering & Inglis, 1950)
Trudy's Uphill Road (Pickering & Inglis, 1951)
Trudy's College Days (Pickering & Inglis, 1953)
School Ma'am Trudy (Pickering & Inglis, 1955)
Trudy on Her Own (Pickering & Inglis, 1957)
Trudy's Small Corner (Pickering & Inglis, 1959)
Trudy Married (Pickering & Inglis, 1961)
Trudy in Demand (Pickering & Inglis, 1964)
Trudy and Family (Pickering & Inglis, 1970)
Adult romance fiction
Dear Dominie (Hurst & Blackett, 1954)
A Bride for the Laird (Hurst & Blackett, 1955)
Stairway to Happiness (Hurst & Blackett, 1955)
Dance to your Shadow (Hurst & Blackett, 1956)
The Singing Rain (Hurst & Blackett, 1958)
Rodrick's Isle (Hurst & Blackett, 1959)
Mrs. Drummond's Daughters (Hurst & Blackett, 1960)
Daffodil Square (Hurst & Blackett, 1962)
Love Will Venture In (Hurst & Blackett, 1963)
The Glass Keepsake (Hurst & Blackett, 1965)
The Walls of Rossa (Hurst & Blackett, 1967)
The Rowan in the Rock (Hurst & Blackett, 1969)
The Other Side of the Park (Hurst and Blackett, 1972)
First Love, Second Love (Hurst and Blackett, 1974)
The Daughter at Home (Hale, 1977)
The Marshalls of Croma (Hale, 1977)
No Stars so Bright (Hale, 1978)
A Kiss for the Teacher (Hale, 1979)
The Summer of the Wedding (Hale, 1980)
Love's Ebbing Tide (Hale, 1983)
References
== See also ==
|
place of birth
|
{
"answer_start": [
186
],
"text": [
"Greenock"
]
}
|
Mary Alice Faid (21 January 1897 – 14 January 1990), was a British writer of children's books, mostly religious fiction, and of adult fiction.
Personal life
Mary Alice Faid was born in Greenock, Scotland, in 1897. Her father was a butcher. She may have attended the University of Glasgow. She married Alexander Carson Dunn in 1923 in the Primitive Methodist Church; he was a teacher. She died in Helensburgh, Scotland, in 1990.Faid is best known for the Trudy series of ten books for children. These take the eponymous heroine from school age to adult life, with an emphasis on her involvement with the evangelistic movement and urban missions. As well as Faid's prolific output of romantic novels, she also wrote stories for women's magazines.
Selected books
Trudy series
Trudy Takes Charge (Pickering & Inglis, 1949)
Trudy's Island Holiday (Pickering & Inglis, 1950)
Trudy's Uphill Road (Pickering & Inglis, 1951)
Trudy's College Days (Pickering & Inglis, 1953)
School Ma'am Trudy (Pickering & Inglis, 1955)
Trudy on Her Own (Pickering & Inglis, 1957)
Trudy's Small Corner (Pickering & Inglis, 1959)
Trudy Married (Pickering & Inglis, 1961)
Trudy in Demand (Pickering & Inglis, 1964)
Trudy and Family (Pickering & Inglis, 1970)
Adult romance fiction
Dear Dominie (Hurst & Blackett, 1954)
A Bride for the Laird (Hurst & Blackett, 1955)
Stairway to Happiness (Hurst & Blackett, 1955)
Dance to your Shadow (Hurst & Blackett, 1956)
The Singing Rain (Hurst & Blackett, 1958)
Rodrick's Isle (Hurst & Blackett, 1959)
Mrs. Drummond's Daughters (Hurst & Blackett, 1960)
Daffodil Square (Hurst & Blackett, 1962)
Love Will Venture In (Hurst & Blackett, 1963)
The Glass Keepsake (Hurst & Blackett, 1965)
The Walls of Rossa (Hurst & Blackett, 1967)
The Rowan in the Rock (Hurst & Blackett, 1969)
The Other Side of the Park (Hurst and Blackett, 1972)
First Love, Second Love (Hurst and Blackett, 1974)
The Daughter at Home (Hale, 1977)
The Marshalls of Croma (Hale, 1977)
No Stars so Bright (Hale, 1978)
A Kiss for the Teacher (Hale, 1979)
The Summer of the Wedding (Hale, 1980)
Love's Ebbing Tide (Hale, 1983)
References
== See also ==
|
place of death
|
{
"answer_start": [
397
],
"text": [
"Helensburgh"
]
}
|
Mary Alice Faid (21 January 1897 – 14 January 1990), was a British writer of children's books, mostly religious fiction, and of adult fiction.
Personal life
Mary Alice Faid was born in Greenock, Scotland, in 1897. Her father was a butcher. She may have attended the University of Glasgow. She married Alexander Carson Dunn in 1923 in the Primitive Methodist Church; he was a teacher. She died in Helensburgh, Scotland, in 1990.Faid is best known for the Trudy series of ten books for children. These take the eponymous heroine from school age to adult life, with an emphasis on her involvement with the evangelistic movement and urban missions. As well as Faid's prolific output of romantic novels, she also wrote stories for women's magazines.
Selected books
Trudy series
Trudy Takes Charge (Pickering & Inglis, 1949)
Trudy's Island Holiday (Pickering & Inglis, 1950)
Trudy's Uphill Road (Pickering & Inglis, 1951)
Trudy's College Days (Pickering & Inglis, 1953)
School Ma'am Trudy (Pickering & Inglis, 1955)
Trudy on Her Own (Pickering & Inglis, 1957)
Trudy's Small Corner (Pickering & Inglis, 1959)
Trudy Married (Pickering & Inglis, 1961)
Trudy in Demand (Pickering & Inglis, 1964)
Trudy and Family (Pickering & Inglis, 1970)
Adult romance fiction
Dear Dominie (Hurst & Blackett, 1954)
A Bride for the Laird (Hurst & Blackett, 1955)
Stairway to Happiness (Hurst & Blackett, 1955)
Dance to your Shadow (Hurst & Blackett, 1956)
The Singing Rain (Hurst & Blackett, 1958)
Rodrick's Isle (Hurst & Blackett, 1959)
Mrs. Drummond's Daughters (Hurst & Blackett, 1960)
Daffodil Square (Hurst & Blackett, 1962)
Love Will Venture In (Hurst & Blackett, 1963)
The Glass Keepsake (Hurst & Blackett, 1965)
The Walls of Rossa (Hurst & Blackett, 1967)
The Rowan in the Rock (Hurst & Blackett, 1969)
The Other Side of the Park (Hurst and Blackett, 1972)
First Love, Second Love (Hurst and Blackett, 1974)
The Daughter at Home (Hale, 1977)
The Marshalls of Croma (Hale, 1977)
No Stars so Bright (Hale, 1978)
A Kiss for the Teacher (Hale, 1979)
The Summer of the Wedding (Hale, 1980)
Love's Ebbing Tide (Hale, 1983)
References
== See also ==
|
occupation
|
{
"answer_start": [
67
],
"text": [
"writer"
]
}
|
Mary Alice Faid (21 January 1897 – 14 January 1990), was a British writer of children's books, mostly religious fiction, and of adult fiction.
Personal life
Mary Alice Faid was born in Greenock, Scotland, in 1897. Her father was a butcher. She may have attended the University of Glasgow. She married Alexander Carson Dunn in 1923 in the Primitive Methodist Church; he was a teacher. She died in Helensburgh, Scotland, in 1990.Faid is best known for the Trudy series of ten books for children. These take the eponymous heroine from school age to adult life, with an emphasis on her involvement with the evangelistic movement and urban missions. As well as Faid's prolific output of romantic novels, she also wrote stories for women's magazines.
Selected books
Trudy series
Trudy Takes Charge (Pickering & Inglis, 1949)
Trudy's Island Holiday (Pickering & Inglis, 1950)
Trudy's Uphill Road (Pickering & Inglis, 1951)
Trudy's College Days (Pickering & Inglis, 1953)
School Ma'am Trudy (Pickering & Inglis, 1955)
Trudy on Her Own (Pickering & Inglis, 1957)
Trudy's Small Corner (Pickering & Inglis, 1959)
Trudy Married (Pickering & Inglis, 1961)
Trudy in Demand (Pickering & Inglis, 1964)
Trudy and Family (Pickering & Inglis, 1970)
Adult romance fiction
Dear Dominie (Hurst & Blackett, 1954)
A Bride for the Laird (Hurst & Blackett, 1955)
Stairway to Happiness (Hurst & Blackett, 1955)
Dance to your Shadow (Hurst & Blackett, 1956)
The Singing Rain (Hurst & Blackett, 1958)
Rodrick's Isle (Hurst & Blackett, 1959)
Mrs. Drummond's Daughters (Hurst & Blackett, 1960)
Daffodil Square (Hurst & Blackett, 1962)
Love Will Venture In (Hurst & Blackett, 1963)
The Glass Keepsake (Hurst & Blackett, 1965)
The Walls of Rossa (Hurst & Blackett, 1967)
The Rowan in the Rock (Hurst & Blackett, 1969)
The Other Side of the Park (Hurst and Blackett, 1972)
First Love, Second Love (Hurst and Blackett, 1974)
The Daughter at Home (Hale, 1977)
The Marshalls of Croma (Hale, 1977)
No Stars so Bright (Hale, 1978)
A Kiss for the Teacher (Hale, 1979)
The Summer of the Wedding (Hale, 1980)
Love's Ebbing Tide (Hale, 1983)
References
== See also ==
|
given name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Mary"
]
}
|
Leonel Vieira (born 1969) is a Portuguese film director and producer. Leonel Vieira has the quality to roll up his sleeves and get to work, knowing that no work is definitive and that it is licit to take false steps. He is one of the most successful Portuguese directors/producers and of greater international recognition. He has made 11 feature films, some of which are in the top 10 of the most watched Portuguese films ever and have the largest box-office in cinema in Portugal.
Biography
His first film, "A Sombra dos Abutres", selected for more than 50 international festivals, remains his reference film for critics.
As a producer he has developed partnerships with production companies in Brazil, Spain, France and USA, having produced more than 30 films and television series, as well as more than 200 advertising spots for major brands.
Since 1998 he has been present in more than 100 international festivals, having received more than 20 awards in the areas of cinema and advertising. In Portugal he has collected several awards and distinctions at the Clube dos Criativos (the most important advertising awards in Portugal). In 2008, with Vodafone, he was short-listed at the LIA Awards (London).
In 2008, Leonel Vieira was selected as "Producer on the Move" by Cannes Festival. In 2015, he was considered Personality of the Year in the Arts and was the cover of Forbes magazine in January 2016, in Portugal.
In 2017, Leonel Vieira was president of the Association of Film and Audiovisual Producers in Portugal. Since 2020 he has been part of the Scientific and Technical Commission of the Audiovisual and Multimedia course at the Escola Superior de Comunicação Social.
In 2019, Leonel Vieira was invited to the Shanghai International Film Festival as a jury for cinema and the Magnolia television awards. In the same year, Leonel Vieira co-produced the well-known Chinese animation series "The Panda and the Rooster".
Filmography
Film
Television
References
External links
Leonel Vieira at IMDb
|
country of citizenship
|
{
"answer_start": [
472
],
"text": [
"Portugal"
]
}
|
Leonel Vieira (born 1969) is a Portuguese film director and producer. Leonel Vieira has the quality to roll up his sleeves and get to work, knowing that no work is definitive and that it is licit to take false steps. He is one of the most successful Portuguese directors/producers and of greater international recognition. He has made 11 feature films, some of which are in the top 10 of the most watched Portuguese films ever and have the largest box-office in cinema in Portugal.
Biography
His first film, "A Sombra dos Abutres", selected for more than 50 international festivals, remains his reference film for critics.
As a producer he has developed partnerships with production companies in Brazil, Spain, France and USA, having produced more than 30 films and television series, as well as more than 200 advertising spots for major brands.
Since 1998 he has been present in more than 100 international festivals, having received more than 20 awards in the areas of cinema and advertising. In Portugal he has collected several awards and distinctions at the Clube dos Criativos (the most important advertising awards in Portugal). In 2008, with Vodafone, he was short-listed at the LIA Awards (London).
In 2008, Leonel Vieira was selected as "Producer on the Move" by Cannes Festival. In 2015, he was considered Personality of the Year in the Arts and was the cover of Forbes magazine in January 2016, in Portugal.
In 2017, Leonel Vieira was president of the Association of Film and Audiovisual Producers in Portugal. Since 2020 he has been part of the Scientific and Technical Commission of the Audiovisual and Multimedia course at the Escola Superior de Comunicação Social.
In 2019, Leonel Vieira was invited to the Shanghai International Film Festival as a jury for cinema and the Magnolia television awards. In the same year, Leonel Vieira co-produced the well-known Chinese animation series "The Panda and the Rooster".
Filmography
Film
Television
References
External links
Leonel Vieira at IMDb
|
native language
|
{
"answer_start": [
31
],
"text": [
"Portuguese"
]
}
|
Leonel Vieira (born 1969) is a Portuguese film director and producer. Leonel Vieira has the quality to roll up his sleeves and get to work, knowing that no work is definitive and that it is licit to take false steps. He is one of the most successful Portuguese directors/producers and of greater international recognition. He has made 11 feature films, some of which are in the top 10 of the most watched Portuguese films ever and have the largest box-office in cinema in Portugal.
Biography
His first film, "A Sombra dos Abutres", selected for more than 50 international festivals, remains his reference film for critics.
As a producer he has developed partnerships with production companies in Brazil, Spain, France and USA, having produced more than 30 films and television series, as well as more than 200 advertising spots for major brands.
Since 1998 he has been present in more than 100 international festivals, having received more than 20 awards in the areas of cinema and advertising. In Portugal he has collected several awards and distinctions at the Clube dos Criativos (the most important advertising awards in Portugal). In 2008, with Vodafone, he was short-listed at the LIA Awards (London).
In 2008, Leonel Vieira was selected as "Producer on the Move" by Cannes Festival. In 2015, he was considered Personality of the Year in the Arts and was the cover of Forbes magazine in January 2016, in Portugal.
In 2017, Leonel Vieira was president of the Association of Film and Audiovisual Producers in Portugal. Since 2020 he has been part of the Scientific and Technical Commission of the Audiovisual and Multimedia course at the Escola Superior de Comunicação Social.
In 2019, Leonel Vieira was invited to the Shanghai International Film Festival as a jury for cinema and the Magnolia television awards. In the same year, Leonel Vieira co-produced the well-known Chinese animation series "The Panda and the Rooster".
Filmography
Film
Television
References
External links
Leonel Vieira at IMDb
|
occupation
|
{
"answer_start": [
42
],
"text": [
"film director"
]
}
|
Leonel Vieira (born 1969) is a Portuguese film director and producer. Leonel Vieira has the quality to roll up his sleeves and get to work, knowing that no work is definitive and that it is licit to take false steps. He is one of the most successful Portuguese directors/producers and of greater international recognition. He has made 11 feature films, some of which are in the top 10 of the most watched Portuguese films ever and have the largest box-office in cinema in Portugal.
Biography
His first film, "A Sombra dos Abutres", selected for more than 50 international festivals, remains his reference film for critics.
As a producer he has developed partnerships with production companies in Brazil, Spain, France and USA, having produced more than 30 films and television series, as well as more than 200 advertising spots for major brands.
Since 1998 he has been present in more than 100 international festivals, having received more than 20 awards in the areas of cinema and advertising. In Portugal he has collected several awards and distinctions at the Clube dos Criativos (the most important advertising awards in Portugal). In 2008, with Vodafone, he was short-listed at the LIA Awards (London).
In 2008, Leonel Vieira was selected as "Producer on the Move" by Cannes Festival. In 2015, he was considered Personality of the Year in the Arts and was the cover of Forbes magazine in January 2016, in Portugal.
In 2017, Leonel Vieira was president of the Association of Film and Audiovisual Producers in Portugal. Since 2020 he has been part of the Scientific and Technical Commission of the Audiovisual and Multimedia course at the Escola Superior de Comunicação Social.
In 2019, Leonel Vieira was invited to the Shanghai International Film Festival as a jury for cinema and the Magnolia television awards. In the same year, Leonel Vieira co-produced the well-known Chinese animation series "The Panda and the Rooster".
Filmography
Film
Television
References
External links
Leonel Vieira at IMDb
|
Commons category
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Leonel Vieira"
]
}
|
Leonel Vieira (born 1969) is a Portuguese film director and producer. Leonel Vieira has the quality to roll up his sleeves and get to work, knowing that no work is definitive and that it is licit to take false steps. He is one of the most successful Portuguese directors/producers and of greater international recognition. He has made 11 feature films, some of which are in the top 10 of the most watched Portuguese films ever and have the largest box-office in cinema in Portugal.
Biography
His first film, "A Sombra dos Abutres", selected for more than 50 international festivals, remains his reference film for critics.
As a producer he has developed partnerships with production companies in Brazil, Spain, France and USA, having produced more than 30 films and television series, as well as more than 200 advertising spots for major brands.
Since 1998 he has been present in more than 100 international festivals, having received more than 20 awards in the areas of cinema and advertising. In Portugal he has collected several awards and distinctions at the Clube dos Criativos (the most important advertising awards in Portugal). In 2008, with Vodafone, he was short-listed at the LIA Awards (London).
In 2008, Leonel Vieira was selected as "Producer on the Move" by Cannes Festival. In 2015, he was considered Personality of the Year in the Arts and was the cover of Forbes magazine in January 2016, in Portugal.
In 2017, Leonel Vieira was president of the Association of Film and Audiovisual Producers in Portugal. Since 2020 he has been part of the Scientific and Technical Commission of the Audiovisual and Multimedia course at the Escola Superior de Comunicação Social.
In 2019, Leonel Vieira was invited to the Shanghai International Film Festival as a jury for cinema and the Magnolia television awards. In the same year, Leonel Vieira co-produced the well-known Chinese animation series "The Panda and the Rooster".
Filmography
Film
Television
References
External links
Leonel Vieira at IMDb
|
family name
|
{
"answer_start": [
7
],
"text": [
"Vieira"
]
}
|
Leonel Vieira (born 1969) is a Portuguese film director and producer. Leonel Vieira has the quality to roll up his sleeves and get to work, knowing that no work is definitive and that it is licit to take false steps. He is one of the most successful Portuguese directors/producers and of greater international recognition. He has made 11 feature films, some of which are in the top 10 of the most watched Portuguese films ever and have the largest box-office in cinema in Portugal.
Biography
His first film, "A Sombra dos Abutres", selected for more than 50 international festivals, remains his reference film for critics.
As a producer he has developed partnerships with production companies in Brazil, Spain, France and USA, having produced more than 30 films and television series, as well as more than 200 advertising spots for major brands.
Since 1998 he has been present in more than 100 international festivals, having received more than 20 awards in the areas of cinema and advertising. In Portugal he has collected several awards and distinctions at the Clube dos Criativos (the most important advertising awards in Portugal). In 2008, with Vodafone, he was short-listed at the LIA Awards (London).
In 2008, Leonel Vieira was selected as "Producer on the Move" by Cannes Festival. In 2015, he was considered Personality of the Year in the Arts and was the cover of Forbes magazine in January 2016, in Portugal.
In 2017, Leonel Vieira was president of the Association of Film and Audiovisual Producers in Portugal. Since 2020 he has been part of the Scientific and Technical Commission of the Audiovisual and Multimedia course at the Escola Superior de Comunicação Social.
In 2019, Leonel Vieira was invited to the Shanghai International Film Festival as a jury for cinema and the Magnolia television awards. In the same year, Leonel Vieira co-produced the well-known Chinese animation series "The Panda and the Rooster".
Filmography
Film
Television
References
External links
Leonel Vieira at IMDb
|
given name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Leonel"
]
}
|
Leonel Vieira (born 1969) is a Portuguese film director and producer. Leonel Vieira has the quality to roll up his sleeves and get to work, knowing that no work is definitive and that it is licit to take false steps. He is one of the most successful Portuguese directors/producers and of greater international recognition. He has made 11 feature films, some of which are in the top 10 of the most watched Portuguese films ever and have the largest box-office in cinema in Portugal.
Biography
His first film, "A Sombra dos Abutres", selected for more than 50 international festivals, remains his reference film for critics.
As a producer he has developed partnerships with production companies in Brazil, Spain, France and USA, having produced more than 30 films and television series, as well as more than 200 advertising spots for major brands.
Since 1998 he has been present in more than 100 international festivals, having received more than 20 awards in the areas of cinema and advertising. In Portugal he has collected several awards and distinctions at the Clube dos Criativos (the most important advertising awards in Portugal). In 2008, with Vodafone, he was short-listed at the LIA Awards (London).
In 2008, Leonel Vieira was selected as "Producer on the Move" by Cannes Festival. In 2015, he was considered Personality of the Year in the Arts and was the cover of Forbes magazine in January 2016, in Portugal.
In 2017, Leonel Vieira was president of the Association of Film and Audiovisual Producers in Portugal. Since 2020 he has been part of the Scientific and Technical Commission of the Audiovisual and Multimedia course at the Escola Superior de Comunicação Social.
In 2019, Leonel Vieira was invited to the Shanghai International Film Festival as a jury for cinema and the Magnolia television awards. In the same year, Leonel Vieira co-produced the well-known Chinese animation series "The Panda and the Rooster".
Filmography
Film
Television
References
External links
Leonel Vieira at IMDb
|
languages spoken, written or signed
|
{
"answer_start": [
31
],
"text": [
"Portuguese"
]
}
|
Wetle Holte (born 4 September 1973) is a Norwegian drummer and composer known for his collaborations with Silje Neergård, Kirsti Huke, Eivind Aarset, Wibutee, Bugge Wesseltoft, Anja Garbarek, and others.
Life and career
Holte was born in Skien and is a graduate from the jazz programme at Trondheim Musikkonservatorium, where in 1996, he co-founded the jazz trio Triangle—later to become Wibutee—with Håkon Kornstad and Per Zanussi. In 1998, they released their debut album, Newborn Thing, and followed it with Eight Domestic Challenges in 2001 and Playmachine in 2004. In 2006, the trio released the Spellemannprisen-nominated album Sweet Mental.Holte has also collaborated for over a decade with Eivind Aarset in projects like Électronique Noire and The Sonic Codex Orchestra, and he contributed to Bugge Wesseltoft's Jazzland Community in 2007.
Discography
Solo
Hurricane featuring Kirsti Huke (2012)
Collaborations
With WibuteeNewborn Thing (1998)
Eight Domestic Challenges (2001)
Playmachine (2004)
Sweet Mental (2006)With Eivind AarsetLight Extracts (2001 – with Électronique Noire)
Connected (2004)
Sonic Codex (2007)
Live Extracts (2010 – with The Sonic Codex Orchestra)With Jazzland CommunityJazzland Community (2007)With Grand TelemarkGrand Telemark (2008)
References
== External links ==
|
place of birth
|
{
"answer_start": [
239
],
"text": [
"Skien"
]
}
|
Wetle Holte (born 4 September 1973) is a Norwegian drummer and composer known for his collaborations with Silje Neergård, Kirsti Huke, Eivind Aarset, Wibutee, Bugge Wesseltoft, Anja Garbarek, and others.
Life and career
Holte was born in Skien and is a graduate from the jazz programme at Trondheim Musikkonservatorium, where in 1996, he co-founded the jazz trio Triangle—later to become Wibutee—with Håkon Kornstad and Per Zanussi. In 1998, they released their debut album, Newborn Thing, and followed it with Eight Domestic Challenges in 2001 and Playmachine in 2004. In 2006, the trio released the Spellemannprisen-nominated album Sweet Mental.Holte has also collaborated for over a decade with Eivind Aarset in projects like Électronique Noire and The Sonic Codex Orchestra, and he contributed to Bugge Wesseltoft's Jazzland Community in 2007.
Discography
Solo
Hurricane featuring Kirsti Huke (2012)
Collaborations
With WibuteeNewborn Thing (1998)
Eight Domestic Challenges (2001)
Playmachine (2004)
Sweet Mental (2006)With Eivind AarsetLight Extracts (2001 – with Électronique Noire)
Connected (2004)
Sonic Codex (2007)
Live Extracts (2010 – with The Sonic Codex Orchestra)With Jazzland CommunityJazzland Community (2007)With Grand TelemarkGrand Telemark (2008)
References
== External links ==
|
occupation
|
{
"answer_start": [
63
],
"text": [
"composer"
]
}
|
Wetle Holte (born 4 September 1973) is a Norwegian drummer and composer known for his collaborations with Silje Neergård, Kirsti Huke, Eivind Aarset, Wibutee, Bugge Wesseltoft, Anja Garbarek, and others.
Life and career
Holte was born in Skien and is a graduate from the jazz programme at Trondheim Musikkonservatorium, where in 1996, he co-founded the jazz trio Triangle—later to become Wibutee—with Håkon Kornstad and Per Zanussi. In 1998, they released their debut album, Newborn Thing, and followed it with Eight Domestic Challenges in 2001 and Playmachine in 2004. In 2006, the trio released the Spellemannprisen-nominated album Sweet Mental.Holte has also collaborated for over a decade with Eivind Aarset in projects like Électronique Noire and The Sonic Codex Orchestra, and he contributed to Bugge Wesseltoft's Jazzland Community in 2007.
Discography
Solo
Hurricane featuring Kirsti Huke (2012)
Collaborations
With WibuteeNewborn Thing (1998)
Eight Domestic Challenges (2001)
Playmachine (2004)
Sweet Mental (2006)With Eivind AarsetLight Extracts (2001 – with Électronique Noire)
Connected (2004)
Sonic Codex (2007)
Live Extracts (2010 – with The Sonic Codex Orchestra)With Jazzland CommunityJazzland Community (2007)With Grand TelemarkGrand Telemark (2008)
References
== External links ==
|
genre
|
{
"answer_start": [
272
],
"text": [
"jazz"
]
}
|
Wetle Holte (born 4 September 1973) is a Norwegian drummer and composer known for his collaborations with Silje Neergård, Kirsti Huke, Eivind Aarset, Wibutee, Bugge Wesseltoft, Anja Garbarek, and others.
Life and career
Holte was born in Skien and is a graduate from the jazz programme at Trondheim Musikkonservatorium, where in 1996, he co-founded the jazz trio Triangle—later to become Wibutee—with Håkon Kornstad and Per Zanussi. In 1998, they released their debut album, Newborn Thing, and followed it with Eight Domestic Challenges in 2001 and Playmachine in 2004. In 2006, the trio released the Spellemannprisen-nominated album Sweet Mental.Holte has also collaborated for over a decade with Eivind Aarset in projects like Électronique Noire and The Sonic Codex Orchestra, and he contributed to Bugge Wesseltoft's Jazzland Community in 2007.
Discography
Solo
Hurricane featuring Kirsti Huke (2012)
Collaborations
With WibuteeNewborn Thing (1998)
Eight Domestic Challenges (2001)
Playmachine (2004)
Sweet Mental (2006)With Eivind AarsetLight Extracts (2001 – with Électronique Noire)
Connected (2004)
Sonic Codex (2007)
Live Extracts (2010 – with The Sonic Codex Orchestra)With Jazzland CommunityJazzland Community (2007)With Grand TelemarkGrand Telemark (2008)
References
== External links ==
|
family name
|
{
"answer_start": [
6
],
"text": [
"Holte"
]
}
|
The Oregonian Printing Press Park, or simply Printing Press Park, is a triangular 1,000-square-foot park on the southeastern corner of the intersection of Southwest First Avenue and Morrison Street in Portland, Oregon, United States. The green space marks where editor Thomas J. Dryer operated a small press to publish Portland's weekly newspaper, which would become The Oregonian, beginning on December 4, 1850.
See also
List of parks in Portland, Oregon
References
External links
Media related to The Oregonian Printing Press Park at Wikimedia Commons
|
located in the administrative territorial entity
|
{
"answer_start": [
201
],
"text": [
"Portland"
]
}
|
The Oregonian Printing Press Park, or simply Printing Press Park, is a triangular 1,000-square-foot park on the southeastern corner of the intersection of Southwest First Avenue and Morrison Street in Portland, Oregon, United States. The green space marks where editor Thomas J. Dryer operated a small press to publish Portland's weekly newspaper, which would become The Oregonian, beginning on December 4, 1850.
See also
List of parks in Portland, Oregon
References
External links
Media related to The Oregonian Printing Press Park at Wikimedia Commons
|
Commons category
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"The Oregonian Printing Press Park"
]
}
|
Christian August Sinding (11 January 1856 – 3 December 1941) was a Norwegian composer. He is best known for his lyrical work for piano Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). He was often compared to Edvard Grieg and regarded as his successor.
Personal life
Sinding was born at Kongsberg in Buskerud, Norway. His parents were mine superintendent Matthias Wilhelm Sinding and Cecilie Marie Mejdell. He was a brother of the painter Otto Sinding and the sculptor Stephan Sinding. His sister Thora Cathrine Sinding was married to jurist Glør Thorvald Mejdell.Christian Sinding was a nephew of Nicolai Mejdell and Thorvald Mejdell. He was also a first cousin of journalist and writer Alfred Sinding-Larsen.In November 1898 he married actress Augusta Gade, née Smith-Petersen (1858–1936). She was the daughter of Morten Smith-Petersen and Cathrine von der Lippe. She had previously been married to physician and art patron Fredrik Georg Gade.
Career
He studied music first in Christiania (now Oslo) before going to Germany, where he studied at the conservatory in Leipzig under Salomon Jadassohn and fell under the musical influences of Wagner and Liszt. He lived in Germany for much of his life, but received regular grants from the Norwegian government. In 1921–22 he went to the United States of America to teach composition for a season at the Eastman School of Music in Rochester, New York.Sinding's publishers required from him piano and chamber music, which had broader sales than the symphonic works he preferred. His own instrument was the violin. The large number of short, lyrical piano pieces and songs that Sinding wrote has led to many seeing him as the heir to his fellow countryman, Edvard Grieg, not so much in musical style but as a Norwegian composer with an international reputation. Sinding is best remembered today for one of his piano works, Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). Among his other works are four symphonies, three violin concertos, a piano concerto, chamber music, songs and choral works to Norwegian texts, and an opera, Der Heilige Berg (The Holy Mountain, 1914).
Awards
Sinding was made a member of the Order of St. Olav in 1905 and Commander in 1916, and in 1938, received the Grand Cross.
He appointed a Commander of the Order of Vasa and in 1905, he was made a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music.
In 1924 he was granted the honor of lifetime residence at Henrik Wergeland's former home, Grotten in Oslo.
Legacy
Sinding had suffered from severe senile dementia since the late 1930s. Eight weeks before his death in 1941, Sinding joined the Norwegian Nazi party, Nasjonal Samling - however, his membership card was unsigned. The Nazis had strong motivation to recruit Sinding, as he was tremendously popular before the war in both Norway and Germany. Following the liberation of Norway at the end of World War II, it was official practice for the national broadcasting system to boycott people seen as Nazi sympathisers. As a consequence, Sinding's post-war reputation in Norway became relatively obscure. The circumstances surrounding the composer's membership continue to raise controversy. Sinding had made several remarks against the Nazi occupation. He had fought for the rights of Jewish musicians during the early 1930s and was a close friend of Nordahl Grieg.
Compositions
Documents
Letters by Christian Sinding held by the State Archives in Leipzig, company archives of the Music Publishing House C.F.Peters (Leipzig).
References
External links
Free scores by Christian Sinding at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
Christian Sinding Piano Quintet, Op.5 & Two Serenades for 2 Violins & Piano, Op.56 & 92 sound-bites & short bio on Edition Silvertrust
|
place of death
|
{
"answer_start": [
995
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"text": [
"Oslo"
]
}
|
Christian August Sinding (11 January 1856 – 3 December 1941) was a Norwegian composer. He is best known for his lyrical work for piano Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). He was often compared to Edvard Grieg and regarded as his successor.
Personal life
Sinding was born at Kongsberg in Buskerud, Norway. His parents were mine superintendent Matthias Wilhelm Sinding and Cecilie Marie Mejdell. He was a brother of the painter Otto Sinding and the sculptor Stephan Sinding. His sister Thora Cathrine Sinding was married to jurist Glør Thorvald Mejdell.Christian Sinding was a nephew of Nicolai Mejdell and Thorvald Mejdell. He was also a first cousin of journalist and writer Alfred Sinding-Larsen.In November 1898 he married actress Augusta Gade, née Smith-Petersen (1858–1936). She was the daughter of Morten Smith-Petersen and Cathrine von der Lippe. She had previously been married to physician and art patron Fredrik Georg Gade.
Career
He studied music first in Christiania (now Oslo) before going to Germany, where he studied at the conservatory in Leipzig under Salomon Jadassohn and fell under the musical influences of Wagner and Liszt. He lived in Germany for much of his life, but received regular grants from the Norwegian government. In 1921–22 he went to the United States of America to teach composition for a season at the Eastman School of Music in Rochester, New York.Sinding's publishers required from him piano and chamber music, which had broader sales than the symphonic works he preferred. His own instrument was the violin. The large number of short, lyrical piano pieces and songs that Sinding wrote has led to many seeing him as the heir to his fellow countryman, Edvard Grieg, not so much in musical style but as a Norwegian composer with an international reputation. Sinding is best remembered today for one of his piano works, Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). Among his other works are four symphonies, three violin concertos, a piano concerto, chamber music, songs and choral works to Norwegian texts, and an opera, Der Heilige Berg (The Holy Mountain, 1914).
Awards
Sinding was made a member of the Order of St. Olav in 1905 and Commander in 1916, and in 1938, received the Grand Cross.
He appointed a Commander of the Order of Vasa and in 1905, he was made a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music.
In 1924 he was granted the honor of lifetime residence at Henrik Wergeland's former home, Grotten in Oslo.
Legacy
Sinding had suffered from severe senile dementia since the late 1930s. Eight weeks before his death in 1941, Sinding joined the Norwegian Nazi party, Nasjonal Samling - however, his membership card was unsigned. The Nazis had strong motivation to recruit Sinding, as he was tremendously popular before the war in both Norway and Germany. Following the liberation of Norway at the end of World War II, it was official practice for the national broadcasting system to boycott people seen as Nazi sympathisers. As a consequence, Sinding's post-war reputation in Norway became relatively obscure. The circumstances surrounding the composer's membership continue to raise controversy. Sinding had made several remarks against the Nazi occupation. He had fought for the rights of Jewish musicians during the early 1930s and was a close friend of Nordahl Grieg.
Compositions
Documents
Letters by Christian Sinding held by the State Archives in Leipzig, company archives of the Music Publishing House C.F.Peters (Leipzig).
References
External links
Free scores by Christian Sinding at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
Christian Sinding Piano Quintet, Op.5 & Two Serenades for 2 Violins & Piano, Op.56 & 92 sound-bites & short bio on Edition Silvertrust
|
spouse
|
{
"answer_start": [
744
],
"text": [
"Augusta Gade"
]
}
|
Christian August Sinding (11 January 1856 – 3 December 1941) was a Norwegian composer. He is best known for his lyrical work for piano Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). He was often compared to Edvard Grieg and regarded as his successor.
Personal life
Sinding was born at Kongsberg in Buskerud, Norway. His parents were mine superintendent Matthias Wilhelm Sinding and Cecilie Marie Mejdell. He was a brother of the painter Otto Sinding and the sculptor Stephan Sinding. His sister Thora Cathrine Sinding was married to jurist Glør Thorvald Mejdell.Christian Sinding was a nephew of Nicolai Mejdell and Thorvald Mejdell. He was also a first cousin of journalist and writer Alfred Sinding-Larsen.In November 1898 he married actress Augusta Gade, née Smith-Petersen (1858–1936). She was the daughter of Morten Smith-Petersen and Cathrine von der Lippe. She had previously been married to physician and art patron Fredrik Georg Gade.
Career
He studied music first in Christiania (now Oslo) before going to Germany, where he studied at the conservatory in Leipzig under Salomon Jadassohn and fell under the musical influences of Wagner and Liszt. He lived in Germany for much of his life, but received regular grants from the Norwegian government. In 1921–22 he went to the United States of America to teach composition for a season at the Eastman School of Music in Rochester, New York.Sinding's publishers required from him piano and chamber music, which had broader sales than the symphonic works he preferred. His own instrument was the violin. The large number of short, lyrical piano pieces and songs that Sinding wrote has led to many seeing him as the heir to his fellow countryman, Edvard Grieg, not so much in musical style but as a Norwegian composer with an international reputation. Sinding is best remembered today for one of his piano works, Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). Among his other works are four symphonies, three violin concertos, a piano concerto, chamber music, songs and choral works to Norwegian texts, and an opera, Der Heilige Berg (The Holy Mountain, 1914).
Awards
Sinding was made a member of the Order of St. Olav in 1905 and Commander in 1916, and in 1938, received the Grand Cross.
He appointed a Commander of the Order of Vasa and in 1905, he was made a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music.
In 1924 he was granted the honor of lifetime residence at Henrik Wergeland's former home, Grotten in Oslo.
Legacy
Sinding had suffered from severe senile dementia since the late 1930s. Eight weeks before his death in 1941, Sinding joined the Norwegian Nazi party, Nasjonal Samling - however, his membership card was unsigned. The Nazis had strong motivation to recruit Sinding, as he was tremendously popular before the war in both Norway and Germany. Following the liberation of Norway at the end of World War II, it was official practice for the national broadcasting system to boycott people seen as Nazi sympathisers. As a consequence, Sinding's post-war reputation in Norway became relatively obscure. The circumstances surrounding the composer's membership continue to raise controversy. Sinding had made several remarks against the Nazi occupation. He had fought for the rights of Jewish musicians during the early 1930s and was a close friend of Nordahl Grieg.
Compositions
Documents
Letters by Christian Sinding held by the State Archives in Leipzig, company archives of the Music Publishing House C.F.Peters (Leipzig).
References
External links
Free scores by Christian Sinding at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
Christian Sinding Piano Quintet, Op.5 & Two Serenades for 2 Violins & Piano, Op.56 & 92 sound-bites & short bio on Edition Silvertrust
|
country of citizenship
|
{
"answer_start": [
307
],
"text": [
"Norway"
]
}
|
Christian August Sinding (11 January 1856 – 3 December 1941) was a Norwegian composer. He is best known for his lyrical work for piano Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). He was often compared to Edvard Grieg and regarded as his successor.
Personal life
Sinding was born at Kongsberg in Buskerud, Norway. His parents were mine superintendent Matthias Wilhelm Sinding and Cecilie Marie Mejdell. He was a brother of the painter Otto Sinding and the sculptor Stephan Sinding. His sister Thora Cathrine Sinding was married to jurist Glør Thorvald Mejdell.Christian Sinding was a nephew of Nicolai Mejdell and Thorvald Mejdell. He was also a first cousin of journalist and writer Alfred Sinding-Larsen.In November 1898 he married actress Augusta Gade, née Smith-Petersen (1858–1936). She was the daughter of Morten Smith-Petersen and Cathrine von der Lippe. She had previously been married to physician and art patron Fredrik Georg Gade.
Career
He studied music first in Christiania (now Oslo) before going to Germany, where he studied at the conservatory in Leipzig under Salomon Jadassohn and fell under the musical influences of Wagner and Liszt. He lived in Germany for much of his life, but received regular grants from the Norwegian government. In 1921–22 he went to the United States of America to teach composition for a season at the Eastman School of Music in Rochester, New York.Sinding's publishers required from him piano and chamber music, which had broader sales than the symphonic works he preferred. His own instrument was the violin. The large number of short, lyrical piano pieces and songs that Sinding wrote has led to many seeing him as the heir to his fellow countryman, Edvard Grieg, not so much in musical style but as a Norwegian composer with an international reputation. Sinding is best remembered today for one of his piano works, Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). Among his other works are four symphonies, three violin concertos, a piano concerto, chamber music, songs and choral works to Norwegian texts, and an opera, Der Heilige Berg (The Holy Mountain, 1914).
Awards
Sinding was made a member of the Order of St. Olav in 1905 and Commander in 1916, and in 1938, received the Grand Cross.
He appointed a Commander of the Order of Vasa and in 1905, he was made a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music.
In 1924 he was granted the honor of lifetime residence at Henrik Wergeland's former home, Grotten in Oslo.
Legacy
Sinding had suffered from severe senile dementia since the late 1930s. Eight weeks before his death in 1941, Sinding joined the Norwegian Nazi party, Nasjonal Samling - however, his membership card was unsigned. The Nazis had strong motivation to recruit Sinding, as he was tremendously popular before the war in both Norway and Germany. Following the liberation of Norway at the end of World War II, it was official practice for the national broadcasting system to boycott people seen as Nazi sympathisers. As a consequence, Sinding's post-war reputation in Norway became relatively obscure. The circumstances surrounding the composer's membership continue to raise controversy. Sinding had made several remarks against the Nazi occupation. He had fought for the rights of Jewish musicians during the early 1930s and was a close friend of Nordahl Grieg.
Compositions
Documents
Letters by Christian Sinding held by the State Archives in Leipzig, company archives of the Music Publishing House C.F.Peters (Leipzig).
References
External links
Free scores by Christian Sinding at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
Christian Sinding Piano Quintet, Op.5 & Two Serenades for 2 Violins & Piano, Op.56 & 92 sound-bites & short bio on Edition Silvertrust
|
member of political party
|
{
"answer_start": [
2625
],
"text": [
"Nasjonal Samling"
]
}
|
Christian August Sinding (11 January 1856 – 3 December 1941) was a Norwegian composer. He is best known for his lyrical work for piano Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). He was often compared to Edvard Grieg and regarded as his successor.
Personal life
Sinding was born at Kongsberg in Buskerud, Norway. His parents were mine superintendent Matthias Wilhelm Sinding and Cecilie Marie Mejdell. He was a brother of the painter Otto Sinding and the sculptor Stephan Sinding. His sister Thora Cathrine Sinding was married to jurist Glør Thorvald Mejdell.Christian Sinding was a nephew of Nicolai Mejdell and Thorvald Mejdell. He was also a first cousin of journalist and writer Alfred Sinding-Larsen.In November 1898 he married actress Augusta Gade, née Smith-Petersen (1858–1936). She was the daughter of Morten Smith-Petersen and Cathrine von der Lippe. She had previously been married to physician and art patron Fredrik Georg Gade.
Career
He studied music first in Christiania (now Oslo) before going to Germany, where he studied at the conservatory in Leipzig under Salomon Jadassohn and fell under the musical influences of Wagner and Liszt. He lived in Germany for much of his life, but received regular grants from the Norwegian government. In 1921–22 he went to the United States of America to teach composition for a season at the Eastman School of Music in Rochester, New York.Sinding's publishers required from him piano and chamber music, which had broader sales than the symphonic works he preferred. His own instrument was the violin. The large number of short, lyrical piano pieces and songs that Sinding wrote has led to many seeing him as the heir to his fellow countryman, Edvard Grieg, not so much in musical style but as a Norwegian composer with an international reputation. Sinding is best remembered today for one of his piano works, Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). Among his other works are four symphonies, three violin concertos, a piano concerto, chamber music, songs and choral works to Norwegian texts, and an opera, Der Heilige Berg (The Holy Mountain, 1914).
Awards
Sinding was made a member of the Order of St. Olav in 1905 and Commander in 1916, and in 1938, received the Grand Cross.
He appointed a Commander of the Order of Vasa and in 1905, he was made a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music.
In 1924 he was granted the honor of lifetime residence at Henrik Wergeland's former home, Grotten in Oslo.
Legacy
Sinding had suffered from severe senile dementia since the late 1930s. Eight weeks before his death in 1941, Sinding joined the Norwegian Nazi party, Nasjonal Samling - however, his membership card was unsigned. The Nazis had strong motivation to recruit Sinding, as he was tremendously popular before the war in both Norway and Germany. Following the liberation of Norway at the end of World War II, it was official practice for the national broadcasting system to boycott people seen as Nazi sympathisers. As a consequence, Sinding's post-war reputation in Norway became relatively obscure. The circumstances surrounding the composer's membership continue to raise controversy. Sinding had made several remarks against the Nazi occupation. He had fought for the rights of Jewish musicians during the early 1930s and was a close friend of Nordahl Grieg.
Compositions
Documents
Letters by Christian Sinding held by the State Archives in Leipzig, company archives of the Music Publishing House C.F.Peters (Leipzig).
References
External links
Free scores by Christian Sinding at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
Christian Sinding Piano Quintet, Op.5 & Two Serenades for 2 Violins & Piano, Op.56 & 92 sound-bites & short bio on Edition Silvertrust
|
employer
|
{
"answer_start": [
1350
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"text": [
"Eastman School of Music"
]
}
|
Christian August Sinding (11 January 1856 – 3 December 1941) was a Norwegian composer. He is best known for his lyrical work for piano Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). He was often compared to Edvard Grieg and regarded as his successor.
Personal life
Sinding was born at Kongsberg in Buskerud, Norway. His parents were mine superintendent Matthias Wilhelm Sinding and Cecilie Marie Mejdell. He was a brother of the painter Otto Sinding and the sculptor Stephan Sinding. His sister Thora Cathrine Sinding was married to jurist Glør Thorvald Mejdell.Christian Sinding was a nephew of Nicolai Mejdell and Thorvald Mejdell. He was also a first cousin of journalist and writer Alfred Sinding-Larsen.In November 1898 he married actress Augusta Gade, née Smith-Petersen (1858–1936). She was the daughter of Morten Smith-Petersen and Cathrine von der Lippe. She had previously been married to physician and art patron Fredrik Georg Gade.
Career
He studied music first in Christiania (now Oslo) before going to Germany, where he studied at the conservatory in Leipzig under Salomon Jadassohn and fell under the musical influences of Wagner and Liszt. He lived in Germany for much of his life, but received regular grants from the Norwegian government. In 1921–22 he went to the United States of America to teach composition for a season at the Eastman School of Music in Rochester, New York.Sinding's publishers required from him piano and chamber music, which had broader sales than the symphonic works he preferred. His own instrument was the violin. The large number of short, lyrical piano pieces and songs that Sinding wrote has led to many seeing him as the heir to his fellow countryman, Edvard Grieg, not so much in musical style but as a Norwegian composer with an international reputation. Sinding is best remembered today for one of his piano works, Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). Among his other works are four symphonies, three violin concertos, a piano concerto, chamber music, songs and choral works to Norwegian texts, and an opera, Der Heilige Berg (The Holy Mountain, 1914).
Awards
Sinding was made a member of the Order of St. Olav in 1905 and Commander in 1916, and in 1938, received the Grand Cross.
He appointed a Commander of the Order of Vasa and in 1905, he was made a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music.
In 1924 he was granted the honor of lifetime residence at Henrik Wergeland's former home, Grotten in Oslo.
Legacy
Sinding had suffered from severe senile dementia since the late 1930s. Eight weeks before his death in 1941, Sinding joined the Norwegian Nazi party, Nasjonal Samling - however, his membership card was unsigned. The Nazis had strong motivation to recruit Sinding, as he was tremendously popular before the war in both Norway and Germany. Following the liberation of Norway at the end of World War II, it was official practice for the national broadcasting system to boycott people seen as Nazi sympathisers. As a consequence, Sinding's post-war reputation in Norway became relatively obscure. The circumstances surrounding the composer's membership continue to raise controversy. Sinding had made several remarks against the Nazi occupation. He had fought for the rights of Jewish musicians during the early 1930s and was a close friend of Nordahl Grieg.
Compositions
Documents
Letters by Christian Sinding held by the State Archives in Leipzig, company archives of the Music Publishing House C.F.Peters (Leipzig).
References
External links
Free scores by Christian Sinding at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
Christian Sinding Piano Quintet, Op.5 & Two Serenades for 2 Violins & Piano, Op.56 & 92 sound-bites & short bio on Edition Silvertrust
|
genre
|
{
"answer_start": [
2061
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"text": [
"opera"
]
}
|
Christian August Sinding (11 January 1856 – 3 December 1941) was a Norwegian composer. He is best known for his lyrical work for piano Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). He was often compared to Edvard Grieg and regarded as his successor.
Personal life
Sinding was born at Kongsberg in Buskerud, Norway. His parents were mine superintendent Matthias Wilhelm Sinding and Cecilie Marie Mejdell. He was a brother of the painter Otto Sinding and the sculptor Stephan Sinding. His sister Thora Cathrine Sinding was married to jurist Glør Thorvald Mejdell.Christian Sinding was a nephew of Nicolai Mejdell and Thorvald Mejdell. He was also a first cousin of journalist and writer Alfred Sinding-Larsen.In November 1898 he married actress Augusta Gade, née Smith-Petersen (1858–1936). She was the daughter of Morten Smith-Petersen and Cathrine von der Lippe. She had previously been married to physician and art patron Fredrik Georg Gade.
Career
He studied music first in Christiania (now Oslo) before going to Germany, where he studied at the conservatory in Leipzig under Salomon Jadassohn and fell under the musical influences of Wagner and Liszt. He lived in Germany for much of his life, but received regular grants from the Norwegian government. In 1921–22 he went to the United States of America to teach composition for a season at the Eastman School of Music in Rochester, New York.Sinding's publishers required from him piano and chamber music, which had broader sales than the symphonic works he preferred. His own instrument was the violin. The large number of short, lyrical piano pieces and songs that Sinding wrote has led to many seeing him as the heir to his fellow countryman, Edvard Grieg, not so much in musical style but as a Norwegian composer with an international reputation. Sinding is best remembered today for one of his piano works, Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). Among his other works are four symphonies, three violin concertos, a piano concerto, chamber music, songs and choral works to Norwegian texts, and an opera, Der Heilige Berg (The Holy Mountain, 1914).
Awards
Sinding was made a member of the Order of St. Olav in 1905 and Commander in 1916, and in 1938, received the Grand Cross.
He appointed a Commander of the Order of Vasa and in 1905, he was made a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music.
In 1924 he was granted the honor of lifetime residence at Henrik Wergeland's former home, Grotten in Oslo.
Legacy
Sinding had suffered from severe senile dementia since the late 1930s. Eight weeks before his death in 1941, Sinding joined the Norwegian Nazi party, Nasjonal Samling - however, his membership card was unsigned. The Nazis had strong motivation to recruit Sinding, as he was tremendously popular before the war in both Norway and Germany. Following the liberation of Norway at the end of World War II, it was official practice for the national broadcasting system to boycott people seen as Nazi sympathisers. As a consequence, Sinding's post-war reputation in Norway became relatively obscure. The circumstances surrounding the composer's membership continue to raise controversy. Sinding had made several remarks against the Nazi occupation. He had fought for the rights of Jewish musicians during the early 1930s and was a close friend of Nordahl Grieg.
Compositions
Documents
Letters by Christian Sinding held by the State Archives in Leipzig, company archives of the Music Publishing House C.F.Peters (Leipzig).
References
External links
Free scores by Christian Sinding at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
Christian Sinding Piano Quintet, Op.5 & Two Serenades for 2 Violins & Piano, Op.56 & 92 sound-bites & short bio on Edition Silvertrust
|
award received
|
{
"answer_start": [
2153
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"text": [
"Order of St. Olav"
]
}
|
Christian August Sinding (11 January 1856 – 3 December 1941) was a Norwegian composer. He is best known for his lyrical work for piano Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). He was often compared to Edvard Grieg and regarded as his successor.
Personal life
Sinding was born at Kongsberg in Buskerud, Norway. His parents were mine superintendent Matthias Wilhelm Sinding and Cecilie Marie Mejdell. He was a brother of the painter Otto Sinding and the sculptor Stephan Sinding. His sister Thora Cathrine Sinding was married to jurist Glør Thorvald Mejdell.Christian Sinding was a nephew of Nicolai Mejdell and Thorvald Mejdell. He was also a first cousin of journalist and writer Alfred Sinding-Larsen.In November 1898 he married actress Augusta Gade, née Smith-Petersen (1858–1936). She was the daughter of Morten Smith-Petersen and Cathrine von der Lippe. She had previously been married to physician and art patron Fredrik Georg Gade.
Career
He studied music first in Christiania (now Oslo) before going to Germany, where he studied at the conservatory in Leipzig under Salomon Jadassohn and fell under the musical influences of Wagner and Liszt. He lived in Germany for much of his life, but received regular grants from the Norwegian government. In 1921–22 he went to the United States of America to teach composition for a season at the Eastman School of Music in Rochester, New York.Sinding's publishers required from him piano and chamber music, which had broader sales than the symphonic works he preferred. His own instrument was the violin. The large number of short, lyrical piano pieces and songs that Sinding wrote has led to many seeing him as the heir to his fellow countryman, Edvard Grieg, not so much in musical style but as a Norwegian composer with an international reputation. Sinding is best remembered today for one of his piano works, Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). Among his other works are four symphonies, three violin concertos, a piano concerto, chamber music, songs and choral works to Norwegian texts, and an opera, Der Heilige Berg (The Holy Mountain, 1914).
Awards
Sinding was made a member of the Order of St. Olav in 1905 and Commander in 1916, and in 1938, received the Grand Cross.
He appointed a Commander of the Order of Vasa and in 1905, he was made a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music.
In 1924 he was granted the honor of lifetime residence at Henrik Wergeland's former home, Grotten in Oslo.
Legacy
Sinding had suffered from severe senile dementia since the late 1930s. Eight weeks before his death in 1941, Sinding joined the Norwegian Nazi party, Nasjonal Samling - however, his membership card was unsigned. The Nazis had strong motivation to recruit Sinding, as he was tremendously popular before the war in both Norway and Germany. Following the liberation of Norway at the end of World War II, it was official practice for the national broadcasting system to boycott people seen as Nazi sympathisers. As a consequence, Sinding's post-war reputation in Norway became relatively obscure. The circumstances surrounding the composer's membership continue to raise controversy. Sinding had made several remarks against the Nazi occupation. He had fought for the rights of Jewish musicians during the early 1930s and was a close friend of Nordahl Grieg.
Compositions
Documents
Letters by Christian Sinding held by the State Archives in Leipzig, company archives of the Music Publishing House C.F.Peters (Leipzig).
References
External links
Free scores by Christian Sinding at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
Christian Sinding Piano Quintet, Op.5 & Two Serenades for 2 Violins & Piano, Op.56 & 92 sound-bites & short bio on Edition Silvertrust
|
Commons category
|
{
"answer_start": [
561
],
"text": [
"Christian Sinding"
]
}
|
Christian August Sinding (11 January 1856 – 3 December 1941) was a Norwegian composer. He is best known for his lyrical work for piano Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). He was often compared to Edvard Grieg and regarded as his successor.
Personal life
Sinding was born at Kongsberg in Buskerud, Norway. His parents were mine superintendent Matthias Wilhelm Sinding and Cecilie Marie Mejdell. He was a brother of the painter Otto Sinding and the sculptor Stephan Sinding. His sister Thora Cathrine Sinding was married to jurist Glør Thorvald Mejdell.Christian Sinding was a nephew of Nicolai Mejdell and Thorvald Mejdell. He was also a first cousin of journalist and writer Alfred Sinding-Larsen.In November 1898 he married actress Augusta Gade, née Smith-Petersen (1858–1936). She was the daughter of Morten Smith-Petersen and Cathrine von der Lippe. She had previously been married to physician and art patron Fredrik Georg Gade.
Career
He studied music first in Christiania (now Oslo) before going to Germany, where he studied at the conservatory in Leipzig under Salomon Jadassohn and fell under the musical influences of Wagner and Liszt. He lived in Germany for much of his life, but received regular grants from the Norwegian government. In 1921–22 he went to the United States of America to teach composition for a season at the Eastman School of Music in Rochester, New York.Sinding's publishers required from him piano and chamber music, which had broader sales than the symphonic works he preferred. His own instrument was the violin. The large number of short, lyrical piano pieces and songs that Sinding wrote has led to many seeing him as the heir to his fellow countryman, Edvard Grieg, not so much in musical style but as a Norwegian composer with an international reputation. Sinding is best remembered today for one of his piano works, Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). Among his other works are four symphonies, three violin concertos, a piano concerto, chamber music, songs and choral works to Norwegian texts, and an opera, Der Heilige Berg (The Holy Mountain, 1914).
Awards
Sinding was made a member of the Order of St. Olav in 1905 and Commander in 1916, and in 1938, received the Grand Cross.
He appointed a Commander of the Order of Vasa and in 1905, he was made a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music.
In 1924 he was granted the honor of lifetime residence at Henrik Wergeland's former home, Grotten in Oslo.
Legacy
Sinding had suffered from severe senile dementia since the late 1930s. Eight weeks before his death in 1941, Sinding joined the Norwegian Nazi party, Nasjonal Samling - however, his membership card was unsigned. The Nazis had strong motivation to recruit Sinding, as he was tremendously popular before the war in both Norway and Germany. Following the liberation of Norway at the end of World War II, it was official practice for the national broadcasting system to boycott people seen as Nazi sympathisers. As a consequence, Sinding's post-war reputation in Norway became relatively obscure. The circumstances surrounding the composer's membership continue to raise controversy. Sinding had made several remarks against the Nazi occupation. He had fought for the rights of Jewish musicians during the early 1930s and was a close friend of Nordahl Grieg.
Compositions
Documents
Letters by Christian Sinding held by the State Archives in Leipzig, company archives of the Music Publishing House C.F.Peters (Leipzig).
References
External links
Free scores by Christian Sinding at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
Christian Sinding Piano Quintet, Op.5 & Two Serenades for 2 Violins & Piano, Op.56 & 92 sound-bites & short bio on Edition Silvertrust
|
residence
|
{
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"Grotten"
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Christian August Sinding (11 January 1856 – 3 December 1941) was a Norwegian composer. He is best known for his lyrical work for piano Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). He was often compared to Edvard Grieg and regarded as his successor.
Personal life
Sinding was born at Kongsberg in Buskerud, Norway. His parents were mine superintendent Matthias Wilhelm Sinding and Cecilie Marie Mejdell. He was a brother of the painter Otto Sinding and the sculptor Stephan Sinding. His sister Thora Cathrine Sinding was married to jurist Glør Thorvald Mejdell.Christian Sinding was a nephew of Nicolai Mejdell and Thorvald Mejdell. He was also a first cousin of journalist and writer Alfred Sinding-Larsen.In November 1898 he married actress Augusta Gade, née Smith-Petersen (1858–1936). She was the daughter of Morten Smith-Petersen and Cathrine von der Lippe. She had previously been married to physician and art patron Fredrik Georg Gade.
Career
He studied music first in Christiania (now Oslo) before going to Germany, where he studied at the conservatory in Leipzig under Salomon Jadassohn and fell under the musical influences of Wagner and Liszt. He lived in Germany for much of his life, but received regular grants from the Norwegian government. In 1921–22 he went to the United States of America to teach composition for a season at the Eastman School of Music in Rochester, New York.Sinding's publishers required from him piano and chamber music, which had broader sales than the symphonic works he preferred. His own instrument was the violin. The large number of short, lyrical piano pieces and songs that Sinding wrote has led to many seeing him as the heir to his fellow countryman, Edvard Grieg, not so much in musical style but as a Norwegian composer with an international reputation. Sinding is best remembered today for one of his piano works, Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). Among his other works are four symphonies, three violin concertos, a piano concerto, chamber music, songs and choral works to Norwegian texts, and an opera, Der Heilige Berg (The Holy Mountain, 1914).
Awards
Sinding was made a member of the Order of St. Olav in 1905 and Commander in 1916, and in 1938, received the Grand Cross.
He appointed a Commander of the Order of Vasa and in 1905, he was made a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music.
In 1924 he was granted the honor of lifetime residence at Henrik Wergeland's former home, Grotten in Oslo.
Legacy
Sinding had suffered from severe senile dementia since the late 1930s. Eight weeks before his death in 1941, Sinding joined the Norwegian Nazi party, Nasjonal Samling - however, his membership card was unsigned. The Nazis had strong motivation to recruit Sinding, as he was tremendously popular before the war in both Norway and Germany. Following the liberation of Norway at the end of World War II, it was official practice for the national broadcasting system to boycott people seen as Nazi sympathisers. As a consequence, Sinding's post-war reputation in Norway became relatively obscure. The circumstances surrounding the composer's membership continue to raise controversy. Sinding had made several remarks against the Nazi occupation. He had fought for the rights of Jewish musicians during the early 1930s and was a close friend of Nordahl Grieg.
Compositions
Documents
Letters by Christian Sinding held by the State Archives in Leipzig, company archives of the Music Publishing House C.F.Peters (Leipzig).
References
External links
Free scores by Christian Sinding at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
Christian Sinding Piano Quintet, Op.5 & Two Serenades for 2 Violins & Piano, Op.56 & 92 sound-bites & short bio on Edition Silvertrust
|
family name
|
{
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Christian August Sinding (11 January 1856 – 3 December 1941) was a Norwegian composer. He is best known for his lyrical work for piano Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). He was often compared to Edvard Grieg and regarded as his successor.
Personal life
Sinding was born at Kongsberg in Buskerud, Norway. His parents were mine superintendent Matthias Wilhelm Sinding and Cecilie Marie Mejdell. He was a brother of the painter Otto Sinding and the sculptor Stephan Sinding. His sister Thora Cathrine Sinding was married to jurist Glør Thorvald Mejdell.Christian Sinding was a nephew of Nicolai Mejdell and Thorvald Mejdell. He was also a first cousin of journalist and writer Alfred Sinding-Larsen.In November 1898 he married actress Augusta Gade, née Smith-Petersen (1858–1936). She was the daughter of Morten Smith-Petersen and Cathrine von der Lippe. She had previously been married to physician and art patron Fredrik Georg Gade.
Career
He studied music first in Christiania (now Oslo) before going to Germany, where he studied at the conservatory in Leipzig under Salomon Jadassohn and fell under the musical influences of Wagner and Liszt. He lived in Germany for much of his life, but received regular grants from the Norwegian government. In 1921–22 he went to the United States of America to teach composition for a season at the Eastman School of Music in Rochester, New York.Sinding's publishers required from him piano and chamber music, which had broader sales than the symphonic works he preferred. His own instrument was the violin. The large number of short, lyrical piano pieces and songs that Sinding wrote has led to many seeing him as the heir to his fellow countryman, Edvard Grieg, not so much in musical style but as a Norwegian composer with an international reputation. Sinding is best remembered today for one of his piano works, Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). Among his other works are four symphonies, three violin concertos, a piano concerto, chamber music, songs and choral works to Norwegian texts, and an opera, Der Heilige Berg (The Holy Mountain, 1914).
Awards
Sinding was made a member of the Order of St. Olav in 1905 and Commander in 1916, and in 1938, received the Grand Cross.
He appointed a Commander of the Order of Vasa and in 1905, he was made a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music.
In 1924 he was granted the honor of lifetime residence at Henrik Wergeland's former home, Grotten in Oslo.
Legacy
Sinding had suffered from severe senile dementia since the late 1930s. Eight weeks before his death in 1941, Sinding joined the Norwegian Nazi party, Nasjonal Samling - however, his membership card was unsigned. The Nazis had strong motivation to recruit Sinding, as he was tremendously popular before the war in both Norway and Germany. Following the liberation of Norway at the end of World War II, it was official practice for the national broadcasting system to boycott people seen as Nazi sympathisers. As a consequence, Sinding's post-war reputation in Norway became relatively obscure. The circumstances surrounding the composer's membership continue to raise controversy. Sinding had made several remarks against the Nazi occupation. He had fought for the rights of Jewish musicians during the early 1930s and was a close friend of Nordahl Grieg.
Compositions
Documents
Letters by Christian Sinding held by the State Archives in Leipzig, company archives of the Music Publishing House C.F.Peters (Leipzig).
References
External links
Free scores by Christian Sinding at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
Christian Sinding Piano Quintet, Op.5 & Two Serenades for 2 Violins & Piano, Op.56 & 92 sound-bites & short bio on Edition Silvertrust
|
given name
|
{
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Christian August Sinding (11 January 1856 – 3 December 1941) was a Norwegian composer. He is best known for his lyrical work for piano Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). He was often compared to Edvard Grieg and regarded as his successor.
Personal life
Sinding was born at Kongsberg in Buskerud, Norway. His parents were mine superintendent Matthias Wilhelm Sinding and Cecilie Marie Mejdell. He was a brother of the painter Otto Sinding and the sculptor Stephan Sinding. His sister Thora Cathrine Sinding was married to jurist Glør Thorvald Mejdell.Christian Sinding was a nephew of Nicolai Mejdell and Thorvald Mejdell. He was also a first cousin of journalist and writer Alfred Sinding-Larsen.In November 1898 he married actress Augusta Gade, née Smith-Petersen (1858–1936). She was the daughter of Morten Smith-Petersen and Cathrine von der Lippe. She had previously been married to physician and art patron Fredrik Georg Gade.
Career
He studied music first in Christiania (now Oslo) before going to Germany, where he studied at the conservatory in Leipzig under Salomon Jadassohn and fell under the musical influences of Wagner and Liszt. He lived in Germany for much of his life, but received regular grants from the Norwegian government. In 1921–22 he went to the United States of America to teach composition for a season at the Eastman School of Music in Rochester, New York.Sinding's publishers required from him piano and chamber music, which had broader sales than the symphonic works he preferred. His own instrument was the violin. The large number of short, lyrical piano pieces and songs that Sinding wrote has led to many seeing him as the heir to his fellow countryman, Edvard Grieg, not so much in musical style but as a Norwegian composer with an international reputation. Sinding is best remembered today for one of his piano works, Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). Among his other works are four symphonies, three violin concertos, a piano concerto, chamber music, songs and choral works to Norwegian texts, and an opera, Der Heilige Berg (The Holy Mountain, 1914).
Awards
Sinding was made a member of the Order of St. Olav in 1905 and Commander in 1916, and in 1938, received the Grand Cross.
He appointed a Commander of the Order of Vasa and in 1905, he was made a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music.
In 1924 he was granted the honor of lifetime residence at Henrik Wergeland's former home, Grotten in Oslo.
Legacy
Sinding had suffered from severe senile dementia since the late 1930s. Eight weeks before his death in 1941, Sinding joined the Norwegian Nazi party, Nasjonal Samling - however, his membership card was unsigned. The Nazis had strong motivation to recruit Sinding, as he was tremendously popular before the war in both Norway and Germany. Following the liberation of Norway at the end of World War II, it was official practice for the national broadcasting system to boycott people seen as Nazi sympathisers. As a consequence, Sinding's post-war reputation in Norway became relatively obscure. The circumstances surrounding the composer's membership continue to raise controversy. Sinding had made several remarks against the Nazi occupation. He had fought for the rights of Jewish musicians during the early 1930s and was a close friend of Nordahl Grieg.
Compositions
Documents
Letters by Christian Sinding held by the State Archives in Leipzig, company archives of the Music Publishing House C.F.Peters (Leipzig).
References
External links
Free scores by Christian Sinding at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
Christian Sinding Piano Quintet, Op.5 & Two Serenades for 2 Violins & Piano, Op.56 & 92 sound-bites & short bio on Edition Silvertrust
|
Commons gallery
|
{
"answer_start": [
561
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"text": [
"Christian Sinding"
]
}
|
Christian August Sinding (11 January 1856 – 3 December 1941) was a Norwegian composer. He is best known for his lyrical work for piano Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). He was often compared to Edvard Grieg and regarded as his successor.
Personal life
Sinding was born at Kongsberg in Buskerud, Norway. His parents were mine superintendent Matthias Wilhelm Sinding and Cecilie Marie Mejdell. He was a brother of the painter Otto Sinding and the sculptor Stephan Sinding. His sister Thora Cathrine Sinding was married to jurist Glør Thorvald Mejdell.Christian Sinding was a nephew of Nicolai Mejdell and Thorvald Mejdell. He was also a first cousin of journalist and writer Alfred Sinding-Larsen.In November 1898 he married actress Augusta Gade, née Smith-Petersen (1858–1936). She was the daughter of Morten Smith-Petersen and Cathrine von der Lippe. She had previously been married to physician and art patron Fredrik Georg Gade.
Career
He studied music first in Christiania (now Oslo) before going to Germany, where he studied at the conservatory in Leipzig under Salomon Jadassohn and fell under the musical influences of Wagner and Liszt. He lived in Germany for much of his life, but received regular grants from the Norwegian government. In 1921–22 he went to the United States of America to teach composition for a season at the Eastman School of Music in Rochester, New York.Sinding's publishers required from him piano and chamber music, which had broader sales than the symphonic works he preferred. His own instrument was the violin. The large number of short, lyrical piano pieces and songs that Sinding wrote has led to many seeing him as the heir to his fellow countryman, Edvard Grieg, not so much in musical style but as a Norwegian composer with an international reputation. Sinding is best remembered today for one of his piano works, Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). Among his other works are four symphonies, three violin concertos, a piano concerto, chamber music, songs and choral works to Norwegian texts, and an opera, Der Heilige Berg (The Holy Mountain, 1914).
Awards
Sinding was made a member of the Order of St. Olav in 1905 and Commander in 1916, and in 1938, received the Grand Cross.
He appointed a Commander of the Order of Vasa and in 1905, he was made a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music.
In 1924 he was granted the honor of lifetime residence at Henrik Wergeland's former home, Grotten in Oslo.
Legacy
Sinding had suffered from severe senile dementia since the late 1930s. Eight weeks before his death in 1941, Sinding joined the Norwegian Nazi party, Nasjonal Samling - however, his membership card was unsigned. The Nazis had strong motivation to recruit Sinding, as he was tremendously popular before the war in both Norway and Germany. Following the liberation of Norway at the end of World War II, it was official practice for the national broadcasting system to boycott people seen as Nazi sympathisers. As a consequence, Sinding's post-war reputation in Norway became relatively obscure. The circumstances surrounding the composer's membership continue to raise controversy. Sinding had made several remarks against the Nazi occupation. He had fought for the rights of Jewish musicians during the early 1930s and was a close friend of Nordahl Grieg.
Compositions
Documents
Letters by Christian Sinding held by the State Archives in Leipzig, company archives of the Music Publishing House C.F.Peters (Leipzig).
References
External links
Free scores by Christian Sinding at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
Christian Sinding Piano Quintet, Op.5 & Two Serenades for 2 Violins & Piano, Op.56 & 92 sound-bites & short bio on Edition Silvertrust
|
student of
|
{
"answer_start": [
1080
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"text": [
"Salomon Jadassohn"
]
}
|
Christian August Sinding (11 January 1856 – 3 December 1941) was a Norwegian composer. He is best known for his lyrical work for piano Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). He was often compared to Edvard Grieg and regarded as his successor.
Personal life
Sinding was born at Kongsberg in Buskerud, Norway. His parents were mine superintendent Matthias Wilhelm Sinding and Cecilie Marie Mejdell. He was a brother of the painter Otto Sinding and the sculptor Stephan Sinding. His sister Thora Cathrine Sinding was married to jurist Glør Thorvald Mejdell.Christian Sinding was a nephew of Nicolai Mejdell and Thorvald Mejdell. He was also a first cousin of journalist and writer Alfred Sinding-Larsen.In November 1898 he married actress Augusta Gade, née Smith-Petersen (1858–1936). She was the daughter of Morten Smith-Petersen and Cathrine von der Lippe. She had previously been married to physician and art patron Fredrik Georg Gade.
Career
He studied music first in Christiania (now Oslo) before going to Germany, where he studied at the conservatory in Leipzig under Salomon Jadassohn and fell under the musical influences of Wagner and Liszt. He lived in Germany for much of his life, but received regular grants from the Norwegian government. In 1921–22 he went to the United States of America to teach composition for a season at the Eastman School of Music in Rochester, New York.Sinding's publishers required from him piano and chamber music, which had broader sales than the symphonic works he preferred. His own instrument was the violin. The large number of short, lyrical piano pieces and songs that Sinding wrote has led to many seeing him as the heir to his fellow countryman, Edvard Grieg, not so much in musical style but as a Norwegian composer with an international reputation. Sinding is best remembered today for one of his piano works, Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). Among his other works are four symphonies, three violin concertos, a piano concerto, chamber music, songs and choral works to Norwegian texts, and an opera, Der Heilige Berg (The Holy Mountain, 1914).
Awards
Sinding was made a member of the Order of St. Olav in 1905 and Commander in 1916, and in 1938, received the Grand Cross.
He appointed a Commander of the Order of Vasa and in 1905, he was made a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music.
In 1924 he was granted the honor of lifetime residence at Henrik Wergeland's former home, Grotten in Oslo.
Legacy
Sinding had suffered from severe senile dementia since the late 1930s. Eight weeks before his death in 1941, Sinding joined the Norwegian Nazi party, Nasjonal Samling - however, his membership card was unsigned. The Nazis had strong motivation to recruit Sinding, as he was tremendously popular before the war in both Norway and Germany. Following the liberation of Norway at the end of World War II, it was official practice for the national broadcasting system to boycott people seen as Nazi sympathisers. As a consequence, Sinding's post-war reputation in Norway became relatively obscure. The circumstances surrounding the composer's membership continue to raise controversy. Sinding had made several remarks against the Nazi occupation. He had fought for the rights of Jewish musicians during the early 1930s and was a close friend of Nordahl Grieg.
Compositions
Documents
Letters by Christian Sinding held by the State Archives in Leipzig, company archives of the Music Publishing House C.F.Peters (Leipzig).
References
External links
Free scores by Christian Sinding at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
Christian Sinding Piano Quintet, Op.5 & Two Serenades for 2 Violins & Piano, Op.56 & 92 sound-bites & short bio on Edition Silvertrust
|
instrument
|
{
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1551
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"text": [
"violin"
]
}
|
Christian August Sinding (11 January 1856 – 3 December 1941) was a Norwegian composer. He is best known for his lyrical work for piano Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). He was often compared to Edvard Grieg and regarded as his successor.
Personal life
Sinding was born at Kongsberg in Buskerud, Norway. His parents were mine superintendent Matthias Wilhelm Sinding and Cecilie Marie Mejdell. He was a brother of the painter Otto Sinding and the sculptor Stephan Sinding. His sister Thora Cathrine Sinding was married to jurist Glør Thorvald Mejdell.Christian Sinding was a nephew of Nicolai Mejdell and Thorvald Mejdell. He was also a first cousin of journalist and writer Alfred Sinding-Larsen.In November 1898 he married actress Augusta Gade, née Smith-Petersen (1858–1936). She was the daughter of Morten Smith-Petersen and Cathrine von der Lippe. She had previously been married to physician and art patron Fredrik Georg Gade.
Career
He studied music first in Christiania (now Oslo) before going to Germany, where he studied at the conservatory in Leipzig under Salomon Jadassohn and fell under the musical influences of Wagner and Liszt. He lived in Germany for much of his life, but received regular grants from the Norwegian government. In 1921–22 he went to the United States of America to teach composition for a season at the Eastman School of Music in Rochester, New York.Sinding's publishers required from him piano and chamber music, which had broader sales than the symphonic works he preferred. His own instrument was the violin. The large number of short, lyrical piano pieces and songs that Sinding wrote has led to many seeing him as the heir to his fellow countryman, Edvard Grieg, not so much in musical style but as a Norwegian composer with an international reputation. Sinding is best remembered today for one of his piano works, Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). Among his other works are four symphonies, three violin concertos, a piano concerto, chamber music, songs and choral works to Norwegian texts, and an opera, Der Heilige Berg (The Holy Mountain, 1914).
Awards
Sinding was made a member of the Order of St. Olav in 1905 and Commander in 1916, and in 1938, received the Grand Cross.
He appointed a Commander of the Order of Vasa and in 1905, he was made a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music.
In 1924 he was granted the honor of lifetime residence at Henrik Wergeland's former home, Grotten in Oslo.
Legacy
Sinding had suffered from severe senile dementia since the late 1930s. Eight weeks before his death in 1941, Sinding joined the Norwegian Nazi party, Nasjonal Samling - however, his membership card was unsigned. The Nazis had strong motivation to recruit Sinding, as he was tremendously popular before the war in both Norway and Germany. Following the liberation of Norway at the end of World War II, it was official practice for the national broadcasting system to boycott people seen as Nazi sympathisers. As a consequence, Sinding's post-war reputation in Norway became relatively obscure. The circumstances surrounding the composer's membership continue to raise controversy. Sinding had made several remarks against the Nazi occupation. He had fought for the rights of Jewish musicians during the early 1930s and was a close friend of Nordahl Grieg.
Compositions
Documents
Letters by Christian Sinding held by the State Archives in Leipzig, company archives of the Music Publishing House C.F.Peters (Leipzig).
References
External links
Free scores by Christian Sinding at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
Christian Sinding Piano Quintet, Op.5 & Two Serenades for 2 Violins & Piano, Op.56 & 92 sound-bites & short bio on Edition Silvertrust
|
languages spoken, written or signed
|
{
"answer_start": [
67
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"text": [
"Norwegian"
]
}
|
Christian August Sinding (11 January 1856 – 3 December 1941) was a Norwegian composer. He is best known for his lyrical work for piano Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). He was often compared to Edvard Grieg and regarded as his successor.
Personal life
Sinding was born at Kongsberg in Buskerud, Norway. His parents were mine superintendent Matthias Wilhelm Sinding and Cecilie Marie Mejdell. He was a brother of the painter Otto Sinding and the sculptor Stephan Sinding. His sister Thora Cathrine Sinding was married to jurist Glør Thorvald Mejdell.Christian Sinding was a nephew of Nicolai Mejdell and Thorvald Mejdell. He was also a first cousin of journalist and writer Alfred Sinding-Larsen.In November 1898 he married actress Augusta Gade, née Smith-Petersen (1858–1936). She was the daughter of Morten Smith-Petersen and Cathrine von der Lippe. She had previously been married to physician and art patron Fredrik Georg Gade.
Career
He studied music first in Christiania (now Oslo) before going to Germany, where he studied at the conservatory in Leipzig under Salomon Jadassohn and fell under the musical influences of Wagner and Liszt. He lived in Germany for much of his life, but received regular grants from the Norwegian government. In 1921–22 he went to the United States of America to teach composition for a season at the Eastman School of Music in Rochester, New York.Sinding's publishers required from him piano and chamber music, which had broader sales than the symphonic works he preferred. His own instrument was the violin. The large number of short, lyrical piano pieces and songs that Sinding wrote has led to many seeing him as the heir to his fellow countryman, Edvard Grieg, not so much in musical style but as a Norwegian composer with an international reputation. Sinding is best remembered today for one of his piano works, Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). Among his other works are four symphonies, three violin concertos, a piano concerto, chamber music, songs and choral works to Norwegian texts, and an opera, Der Heilige Berg (The Holy Mountain, 1914).
Awards
Sinding was made a member of the Order of St. Olav in 1905 and Commander in 1916, and in 1938, received the Grand Cross.
He appointed a Commander of the Order of Vasa and in 1905, he was made a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music.
In 1924 he was granted the honor of lifetime residence at Henrik Wergeland's former home, Grotten in Oslo.
Legacy
Sinding had suffered from severe senile dementia since the late 1930s. Eight weeks before his death in 1941, Sinding joined the Norwegian Nazi party, Nasjonal Samling - however, his membership card was unsigned. The Nazis had strong motivation to recruit Sinding, as he was tremendously popular before the war in both Norway and Germany. Following the liberation of Norway at the end of World War II, it was official practice for the national broadcasting system to boycott people seen as Nazi sympathisers. As a consequence, Sinding's post-war reputation in Norway became relatively obscure. The circumstances surrounding the composer's membership continue to raise controversy. Sinding had made several remarks against the Nazi occupation. He had fought for the rights of Jewish musicians during the early 1930s and was a close friend of Nordahl Grieg.
Compositions
Documents
Letters by Christian Sinding held by the State Archives in Leipzig, company archives of the Music Publishing House C.F.Peters (Leipzig).
References
External links
Free scores by Christian Sinding at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
Christian Sinding Piano Quintet, Op.5 & Two Serenades for 2 Violins & Piano, Op.56 & 92 sound-bites & short bio on Edition Silvertrust
|
birth name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Christian August Sinding"
]
}
|
Christian August Sinding (11 January 1856 – 3 December 1941) was a Norwegian composer. He is best known for his lyrical work for piano Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). He was often compared to Edvard Grieg and regarded as his successor.
Personal life
Sinding was born at Kongsberg in Buskerud, Norway. His parents were mine superintendent Matthias Wilhelm Sinding and Cecilie Marie Mejdell. He was a brother of the painter Otto Sinding and the sculptor Stephan Sinding. His sister Thora Cathrine Sinding was married to jurist Glør Thorvald Mejdell.Christian Sinding was a nephew of Nicolai Mejdell and Thorvald Mejdell. He was also a first cousin of journalist and writer Alfred Sinding-Larsen.In November 1898 he married actress Augusta Gade, née Smith-Petersen (1858–1936). She was the daughter of Morten Smith-Petersen and Cathrine von der Lippe. She had previously been married to physician and art patron Fredrik Georg Gade.
Career
He studied music first in Christiania (now Oslo) before going to Germany, where he studied at the conservatory in Leipzig under Salomon Jadassohn and fell under the musical influences of Wagner and Liszt. He lived in Germany for much of his life, but received regular grants from the Norwegian government. In 1921–22 he went to the United States of America to teach composition for a season at the Eastman School of Music in Rochester, New York.Sinding's publishers required from him piano and chamber music, which had broader sales than the symphonic works he preferred. His own instrument was the violin. The large number of short, lyrical piano pieces and songs that Sinding wrote has led to many seeing him as the heir to his fellow countryman, Edvard Grieg, not so much in musical style but as a Norwegian composer with an international reputation. Sinding is best remembered today for one of his piano works, Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). Among his other works are four symphonies, three violin concertos, a piano concerto, chamber music, songs and choral works to Norwegian texts, and an opera, Der Heilige Berg (The Holy Mountain, 1914).
Awards
Sinding was made a member of the Order of St. Olav in 1905 and Commander in 1916, and in 1938, received the Grand Cross.
He appointed a Commander of the Order of Vasa and in 1905, he was made a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music.
In 1924 he was granted the honor of lifetime residence at Henrik Wergeland's former home, Grotten in Oslo.
Legacy
Sinding had suffered from severe senile dementia since the late 1930s. Eight weeks before his death in 1941, Sinding joined the Norwegian Nazi party, Nasjonal Samling - however, his membership card was unsigned. The Nazis had strong motivation to recruit Sinding, as he was tremendously popular before the war in both Norway and Germany. Following the liberation of Norway at the end of World War II, it was official practice for the national broadcasting system to boycott people seen as Nazi sympathisers. As a consequence, Sinding's post-war reputation in Norway became relatively obscure. The circumstances surrounding the composer's membership continue to raise controversy. Sinding had made several remarks against the Nazi occupation. He had fought for the rights of Jewish musicians during the early 1930s and was a close friend of Nordahl Grieg.
Compositions
Documents
Letters by Christian Sinding held by the State Archives in Leipzig, company archives of the Music Publishing House C.F.Peters (Leipzig).
References
External links
Free scores by Christian Sinding at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
Christian Sinding Piano Quintet, Op.5 & Two Serenades for 2 Violins & Piano, Op.56 & 92 sound-bites & short bio on Edition Silvertrust
|
name in native language
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Christian August Sinding"
]
}
|
Christian August Sinding (11 January 1856 – 3 December 1941) was a Norwegian composer. He is best known for his lyrical work for piano Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). He was often compared to Edvard Grieg and regarded as his successor.
Personal life
Sinding was born at Kongsberg in Buskerud, Norway. His parents were mine superintendent Matthias Wilhelm Sinding and Cecilie Marie Mejdell. He was a brother of the painter Otto Sinding and the sculptor Stephan Sinding. His sister Thora Cathrine Sinding was married to jurist Glør Thorvald Mejdell.Christian Sinding was a nephew of Nicolai Mejdell and Thorvald Mejdell. He was also a first cousin of journalist and writer Alfred Sinding-Larsen.In November 1898 he married actress Augusta Gade, née Smith-Petersen (1858–1936). She was the daughter of Morten Smith-Petersen and Cathrine von der Lippe. She had previously been married to physician and art patron Fredrik Georg Gade.
Career
He studied music first in Christiania (now Oslo) before going to Germany, where he studied at the conservatory in Leipzig under Salomon Jadassohn and fell under the musical influences of Wagner and Liszt. He lived in Germany for much of his life, but received regular grants from the Norwegian government. In 1921–22 he went to the United States of America to teach composition for a season at the Eastman School of Music in Rochester, New York.Sinding's publishers required from him piano and chamber music, which had broader sales than the symphonic works he preferred. His own instrument was the violin. The large number of short, lyrical piano pieces and songs that Sinding wrote has led to many seeing him as the heir to his fellow countryman, Edvard Grieg, not so much in musical style but as a Norwegian composer with an international reputation. Sinding is best remembered today for one of his piano works, Frühlingsrauschen (Rustle of Spring, 1896). Among his other works are four symphonies, three violin concertos, a piano concerto, chamber music, songs and choral works to Norwegian texts, and an opera, Der Heilige Berg (The Holy Mountain, 1914).
Awards
Sinding was made a member of the Order of St. Olav in 1905 and Commander in 1916, and in 1938, received the Grand Cross.
He appointed a Commander of the Order of Vasa and in 1905, he was made a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music.
In 1924 he was granted the honor of lifetime residence at Henrik Wergeland's former home, Grotten in Oslo.
Legacy
Sinding had suffered from severe senile dementia since the late 1930s. Eight weeks before his death in 1941, Sinding joined the Norwegian Nazi party, Nasjonal Samling - however, his membership card was unsigned. The Nazis had strong motivation to recruit Sinding, as he was tremendously popular before the war in both Norway and Germany. Following the liberation of Norway at the end of World War II, it was official practice for the national broadcasting system to boycott people seen as Nazi sympathisers. As a consequence, Sinding's post-war reputation in Norway became relatively obscure. The circumstances surrounding the composer's membership continue to raise controversy. Sinding had made several remarks against the Nazi occupation. He had fought for the rights of Jewish musicians during the early 1930s and was a close friend of Nordahl Grieg.
Compositions
Documents
Letters by Christian Sinding held by the State Archives in Leipzig, company archives of the Music Publishing House C.F.Peters (Leipzig).
References
External links
Free scores by Christian Sinding at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
Christian Sinding Piano Quintet, Op.5 & Two Serenades for 2 Violins & Piano, Op.56 & 92 sound-bites & short bio on Edition Silvertrust
|
sibling
|
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466
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"text": [
"Stephan Sinding"
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Andreas Glyniadakis (alternate spelling: Gliniadakis, Greek: Ανδρέας Γλυνιαδάκης; born 26 August 1981) is a Greek former professional basketball player. During his pro club career, at a height of 7 ft 1 in (2.16 m) tall, Glyniadakis played at the center position. His pro club playing career started in 1997, and ended in 2020.
In his pro club career, Glyniadakis won two EuroLeague championships. He first won the EuroLeague championship in 2000, with the Greek club Panathinaikos Athens. He later won the EuroLeague championship in 2012, with the Greek club Olympiacos Piraeus. With Greece's national team, he won the bronze medal at the 2009 EuroBasket.
Professional career
Europe
As a youth, Glyniadakis played with the youth teams of Kydonas of Chania, Crete. He then started his professional club career with the Greek Basket League team Panathinaikos Athens. After playing at Panathinaikos, he moved on to the Greek club Peristeri Athens, and then to the Greek club AEK Athens.
In May 2007, Glyniadakis signed with the Italian A League's Virtus Bologna. In September 2007, he returned to AEK Athens. However, he was waived by the club on 1 October 2007. Glyniadakis then joined the Greek team Maroussi Athens. He was the MVP of the Last 16's Week 1 in the EuroCup 2008–09 season.In July 2009, Glyniadakis moved to the Greek EuroLeague team Olympiacos Piraeus. With Olympiacos, he won the EuroLeague and Greek League championships in 2012. After a season of playing for the Kazakhstan Championship club Astana, Glyniadakis signed with Lietuvos rytas of the Lithuanian LKL League.On 31 January 2014, Glyniadakis signed a contract with Cypriot Division A side APOEL, and he helped the team to win the Cypriot League's championship at the end of the season. On 30 October 2014, Glyniadakis was signed by the Turkish Super League team Royal Halı Gaziantep. On 23 December 2014, he signed with Enegria Rovinari of the Romanian National League, for the rest of the season.On 14 August 2015, Glyniadakis signed with Les Lions de Geneve of the Swiss Championnat LNA. In November 2015, he left the Lions, and signed with the Greek club Nea Kifissia, for the rest of the 2015–16 season. On 21 July 2016, Glyniadakis signed with the Greek club PAOK Thessaloniki.On 4 August 2017, Glyniadakis signed with the Greek club Kymis. On 22 August 2018, Glyniadakis returned to his home land of Crete, after nearly two decades, after he signed a one-year deal with the Rethymno Cretan Kings. Glyniadakis joined the Greek club Ilysiakos Athens, in 2019, and he retired from playing pro club basketball iun 2020.
NBA
Glyniadakis was selected by the Detroit Pistons, with the 58th overall pick of the 2003 NBA draft. In the 2005–06 season, he played with the Roanoke Dazzle of the NBA D-League. He played with the Atlanta Hawks during the 2006 NBA preseason, but he was cut before the regular season began. He also played with the Albuquerque Thunderbirds of the NBA D-League, and with them, he won the D-League championship, in the year 2006.
Glyniadakis was signed by the NBA's Seattle SuperSonics, on 5 November 2006. With the Sonics, he appeared in 13 regular season games, in which he averaged 1.3 points per game. He was waived by the Sonics on 4 January 2007.Glyniadakis' final NBA game was played on January 2, 2007, in an 88–112 loss to the Dallas Mavericks. In his last NBA game, he recorded no stats, and only played for a total of 52 seconds, as he was substituted in at the very end of the 4th quarter, for Damien Wilkins. Glyniadakis also played with the Boston Celtics's Summer League squad in the 2007 NBA Summer League, in Las Vegas, Nevada.
National team career
Glyniadakis was a member of the Greek junior national teams. With Greece's junior national teams, he played at the 1997 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship. He won the bronze medal at the 1998 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship. He also played at the 1999 FIBA Under-19 World Cup, and at the 2000 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship.
Glyniadakis was also selected to the senior men's Greek national team for the 2008 Summer Olympic Games. With Greece, he won the bronze medal at the 2009 EuroBasket. He also played with Greece at the 2014 FIBA World Cup.
Career statistics
Regular season
EuroLeague
Awards and achievements
Pro career
5× Greek League Champion: 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2012
2× EuroLeague Champion: 2000, 2012
2× Greek League All-Star: 2004, 2009
NBA G League Champion: 2006
2× Greek Cup Winner: 2010, 2011
Kazakh League Champion: 2013
Kazakh Cup Winner: 2013
Cypriot League Champion: 2014
Greek junior national team
1998 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship: Bronze
Greek senior national team
3× Acropolis International Tournament Champion: 2002, 2007, 2009
2008 FIBA World OQT: Gold
2009 EuroBasket: Bronze
References
External links
Career statistics and player information from NBA.com and Basketball-Reference.com
NBA G League profile
Euroleague.net profile
FIBA profile
FIBA Europe profile
Eurobasket.com profile
Greek Basket League profile (in Greek)
Hellenic Basketball Federation Profile (in Greek)
Italian League profile (in Italian)
|
place of birth
|
{
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Andreas Glyniadakis (alternate spelling: Gliniadakis, Greek: Ανδρέας Γλυνιαδάκης; born 26 August 1981) is a Greek former professional basketball player. During his pro club career, at a height of 7 ft 1 in (2.16 m) tall, Glyniadakis played at the center position. His pro club playing career started in 1997, and ended in 2020.
In his pro club career, Glyniadakis won two EuroLeague championships. He first won the EuroLeague championship in 2000, with the Greek club Panathinaikos Athens. He later won the EuroLeague championship in 2012, with the Greek club Olympiacos Piraeus. With Greece's national team, he won the bronze medal at the 2009 EuroBasket.
Professional career
Europe
As a youth, Glyniadakis played with the youth teams of Kydonas of Chania, Crete. He then started his professional club career with the Greek Basket League team Panathinaikos Athens. After playing at Panathinaikos, he moved on to the Greek club Peristeri Athens, and then to the Greek club AEK Athens.
In May 2007, Glyniadakis signed with the Italian A League's Virtus Bologna. In September 2007, he returned to AEK Athens. However, he was waived by the club on 1 October 2007. Glyniadakis then joined the Greek team Maroussi Athens. He was the MVP of the Last 16's Week 1 in the EuroCup 2008–09 season.In July 2009, Glyniadakis moved to the Greek EuroLeague team Olympiacos Piraeus. With Olympiacos, he won the EuroLeague and Greek League championships in 2012. After a season of playing for the Kazakhstan Championship club Astana, Glyniadakis signed with Lietuvos rytas of the Lithuanian LKL League.On 31 January 2014, Glyniadakis signed a contract with Cypriot Division A side APOEL, and he helped the team to win the Cypriot League's championship at the end of the season. On 30 October 2014, Glyniadakis was signed by the Turkish Super League team Royal Halı Gaziantep. On 23 December 2014, he signed with Enegria Rovinari of the Romanian National League, for the rest of the season.On 14 August 2015, Glyniadakis signed with Les Lions de Geneve of the Swiss Championnat LNA. In November 2015, he left the Lions, and signed with the Greek club Nea Kifissia, for the rest of the 2015–16 season. On 21 July 2016, Glyniadakis signed with the Greek club PAOK Thessaloniki.On 4 August 2017, Glyniadakis signed with the Greek club Kymis. On 22 August 2018, Glyniadakis returned to his home land of Crete, after nearly two decades, after he signed a one-year deal with the Rethymno Cretan Kings. Glyniadakis joined the Greek club Ilysiakos Athens, in 2019, and he retired from playing pro club basketball iun 2020.
NBA
Glyniadakis was selected by the Detroit Pistons, with the 58th overall pick of the 2003 NBA draft. In the 2005–06 season, he played with the Roanoke Dazzle of the NBA D-League. He played with the Atlanta Hawks during the 2006 NBA preseason, but he was cut before the regular season began. He also played with the Albuquerque Thunderbirds of the NBA D-League, and with them, he won the D-League championship, in the year 2006.
Glyniadakis was signed by the NBA's Seattle SuperSonics, on 5 November 2006. With the Sonics, he appeared in 13 regular season games, in which he averaged 1.3 points per game. He was waived by the Sonics on 4 January 2007.Glyniadakis' final NBA game was played on January 2, 2007, in an 88–112 loss to the Dallas Mavericks. In his last NBA game, he recorded no stats, and only played for a total of 52 seconds, as he was substituted in at the very end of the 4th quarter, for Damien Wilkins. Glyniadakis also played with the Boston Celtics's Summer League squad in the 2007 NBA Summer League, in Las Vegas, Nevada.
National team career
Glyniadakis was a member of the Greek junior national teams. With Greece's junior national teams, he played at the 1997 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship. He won the bronze medal at the 1998 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship. He also played at the 1999 FIBA Under-19 World Cup, and at the 2000 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship.
Glyniadakis was also selected to the senior men's Greek national team for the 2008 Summer Olympic Games. With Greece, he won the bronze medal at the 2009 EuroBasket. He also played with Greece at the 2014 FIBA World Cup.
Career statistics
Regular season
EuroLeague
Awards and achievements
Pro career
5× Greek League Champion: 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2012
2× EuroLeague Champion: 2000, 2012
2× Greek League All-Star: 2004, 2009
NBA G League Champion: 2006
2× Greek Cup Winner: 2010, 2011
Kazakh League Champion: 2013
Kazakh Cup Winner: 2013
Cypriot League Champion: 2014
Greek junior national team
1998 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship: Bronze
Greek senior national team
3× Acropolis International Tournament Champion: 2002, 2007, 2009
2008 FIBA World OQT: Gold
2009 EuroBasket: Bronze
References
External links
Career statistics and player information from NBA.com and Basketball-Reference.com
NBA G League profile
Euroleague.net profile
FIBA profile
FIBA Europe profile
Eurobasket.com profile
Greek Basket League profile (in Greek)
Hellenic Basketball Federation Profile (in Greek)
Italian League profile (in Italian)
|
country of citizenship
|
{
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Andreas Glyniadakis (alternate spelling: Gliniadakis, Greek: Ανδρέας Γλυνιαδάκης; born 26 August 1981) is a Greek former professional basketball player. During his pro club career, at a height of 7 ft 1 in (2.16 m) tall, Glyniadakis played at the center position. His pro club playing career started in 1997, and ended in 2020.
In his pro club career, Glyniadakis won two EuroLeague championships. He first won the EuroLeague championship in 2000, with the Greek club Panathinaikos Athens. He later won the EuroLeague championship in 2012, with the Greek club Olympiacos Piraeus. With Greece's national team, he won the bronze medal at the 2009 EuroBasket.
Professional career
Europe
As a youth, Glyniadakis played with the youth teams of Kydonas of Chania, Crete. He then started his professional club career with the Greek Basket League team Panathinaikos Athens. After playing at Panathinaikos, he moved on to the Greek club Peristeri Athens, and then to the Greek club AEK Athens.
In May 2007, Glyniadakis signed with the Italian A League's Virtus Bologna. In September 2007, he returned to AEK Athens. However, he was waived by the club on 1 October 2007. Glyniadakis then joined the Greek team Maroussi Athens. He was the MVP of the Last 16's Week 1 in the EuroCup 2008–09 season.In July 2009, Glyniadakis moved to the Greek EuroLeague team Olympiacos Piraeus. With Olympiacos, he won the EuroLeague and Greek League championships in 2012. After a season of playing for the Kazakhstan Championship club Astana, Glyniadakis signed with Lietuvos rytas of the Lithuanian LKL League.On 31 January 2014, Glyniadakis signed a contract with Cypriot Division A side APOEL, and he helped the team to win the Cypriot League's championship at the end of the season. On 30 October 2014, Glyniadakis was signed by the Turkish Super League team Royal Halı Gaziantep. On 23 December 2014, he signed with Enegria Rovinari of the Romanian National League, for the rest of the season.On 14 August 2015, Glyniadakis signed with Les Lions de Geneve of the Swiss Championnat LNA. In November 2015, he left the Lions, and signed with the Greek club Nea Kifissia, for the rest of the 2015–16 season. On 21 July 2016, Glyniadakis signed with the Greek club PAOK Thessaloniki.On 4 August 2017, Glyniadakis signed with the Greek club Kymis. On 22 August 2018, Glyniadakis returned to his home land of Crete, after nearly two decades, after he signed a one-year deal with the Rethymno Cretan Kings. Glyniadakis joined the Greek club Ilysiakos Athens, in 2019, and he retired from playing pro club basketball iun 2020.
NBA
Glyniadakis was selected by the Detroit Pistons, with the 58th overall pick of the 2003 NBA draft. In the 2005–06 season, he played with the Roanoke Dazzle of the NBA D-League. He played with the Atlanta Hawks during the 2006 NBA preseason, but he was cut before the regular season began. He also played with the Albuquerque Thunderbirds of the NBA D-League, and with them, he won the D-League championship, in the year 2006.
Glyniadakis was signed by the NBA's Seattle SuperSonics, on 5 November 2006. With the Sonics, he appeared in 13 regular season games, in which he averaged 1.3 points per game. He was waived by the Sonics on 4 January 2007.Glyniadakis' final NBA game was played on January 2, 2007, in an 88–112 loss to the Dallas Mavericks. In his last NBA game, he recorded no stats, and only played for a total of 52 seconds, as he was substituted in at the very end of the 4th quarter, for Damien Wilkins. Glyniadakis also played with the Boston Celtics's Summer League squad in the 2007 NBA Summer League, in Las Vegas, Nevada.
National team career
Glyniadakis was a member of the Greek junior national teams. With Greece's junior national teams, he played at the 1997 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship. He won the bronze medal at the 1998 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship. He also played at the 1999 FIBA Under-19 World Cup, and at the 2000 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship.
Glyniadakis was also selected to the senior men's Greek national team for the 2008 Summer Olympic Games. With Greece, he won the bronze medal at the 2009 EuroBasket. He also played with Greece at the 2014 FIBA World Cup.
Career statistics
Regular season
EuroLeague
Awards and achievements
Pro career
5× Greek League Champion: 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2012
2× EuroLeague Champion: 2000, 2012
2× Greek League All-Star: 2004, 2009
NBA G League Champion: 2006
2× Greek Cup Winner: 2010, 2011
Kazakh League Champion: 2013
Kazakh Cup Winner: 2013
Cypriot League Champion: 2014
Greek junior national team
1998 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship: Bronze
Greek senior national team
3× Acropolis International Tournament Champion: 2002, 2007, 2009
2008 FIBA World OQT: Gold
2009 EuroBasket: Bronze
References
External links
Career statistics and player information from NBA.com and Basketball-Reference.com
NBA G League profile
Euroleague.net profile
FIBA profile
FIBA Europe profile
Eurobasket.com profile
Greek Basket League profile (in Greek)
Hellenic Basketball Federation Profile (in Greek)
Italian League profile (in Italian)
|
member of sports team
|
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Andreas Glyniadakis (alternate spelling: Gliniadakis, Greek: Ανδρέας Γλυνιαδάκης; born 26 August 1981) is a Greek former professional basketball player. During his pro club career, at a height of 7 ft 1 in (2.16 m) tall, Glyniadakis played at the center position. His pro club playing career started in 1997, and ended in 2020.
In his pro club career, Glyniadakis won two EuroLeague championships. He first won the EuroLeague championship in 2000, with the Greek club Panathinaikos Athens. He later won the EuroLeague championship in 2012, with the Greek club Olympiacos Piraeus. With Greece's national team, he won the bronze medal at the 2009 EuroBasket.
Professional career
Europe
As a youth, Glyniadakis played with the youth teams of Kydonas of Chania, Crete. He then started his professional club career with the Greek Basket League team Panathinaikos Athens. After playing at Panathinaikos, he moved on to the Greek club Peristeri Athens, and then to the Greek club AEK Athens.
In May 2007, Glyniadakis signed with the Italian A League's Virtus Bologna. In September 2007, he returned to AEK Athens. However, he was waived by the club on 1 October 2007. Glyniadakis then joined the Greek team Maroussi Athens. He was the MVP of the Last 16's Week 1 in the EuroCup 2008–09 season.In July 2009, Glyniadakis moved to the Greek EuroLeague team Olympiacos Piraeus. With Olympiacos, he won the EuroLeague and Greek League championships in 2012. After a season of playing for the Kazakhstan Championship club Astana, Glyniadakis signed with Lietuvos rytas of the Lithuanian LKL League.On 31 January 2014, Glyniadakis signed a contract with Cypriot Division A side APOEL, and he helped the team to win the Cypriot League's championship at the end of the season. On 30 October 2014, Glyniadakis was signed by the Turkish Super League team Royal Halı Gaziantep. On 23 December 2014, he signed with Enegria Rovinari of the Romanian National League, for the rest of the season.On 14 August 2015, Glyniadakis signed with Les Lions de Geneve of the Swiss Championnat LNA. In November 2015, he left the Lions, and signed with the Greek club Nea Kifissia, for the rest of the 2015–16 season. On 21 July 2016, Glyniadakis signed with the Greek club PAOK Thessaloniki.On 4 August 2017, Glyniadakis signed with the Greek club Kymis. On 22 August 2018, Glyniadakis returned to his home land of Crete, after nearly two decades, after he signed a one-year deal with the Rethymno Cretan Kings. Glyniadakis joined the Greek club Ilysiakos Athens, in 2019, and he retired from playing pro club basketball iun 2020.
NBA
Glyniadakis was selected by the Detroit Pistons, with the 58th overall pick of the 2003 NBA draft. In the 2005–06 season, he played with the Roanoke Dazzle of the NBA D-League. He played with the Atlanta Hawks during the 2006 NBA preseason, but he was cut before the regular season began. He also played with the Albuquerque Thunderbirds of the NBA D-League, and with them, he won the D-League championship, in the year 2006.
Glyniadakis was signed by the NBA's Seattle SuperSonics, on 5 November 2006. With the Sonics, he appeared in 13 regular season games, in which he averaged 1.3 points per game. He was waived by the Sonics on 4 January 2007.Glyniadakis' final NBA game was played on January 2, 2007, in an 88–112 loss to the Dallas Mavericks. In his last NBA game, he recorded no stats, and only played for a total of 52 seconds, as he was substituted in at the very end of the 4th quarter, for Damien Wilkins. Glyniadakis also played with the Boston Celtics's Summer League squad in the 2007 NBA Summer League, in Las Vegas, Nevada.
National team career
Glyniadakis was a member of the Greek junior national teams. With Greece's junior national teams, he played at the 1997 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship. He won the bronze medal at the 1998 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship. He also played at the 1999 FIBA Under-19 World Cup, and at the 2000 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship.
Glyniadakis was also selected to the senior men's Greek national team for the 2008 Summer Olympic Games. With Greece, he won the bronze medal at the 2009 EuroBasket. He also played with Greece at the 2014 FIBA World Cup.
Career statistics
Regular season
EuroLeague
Awards and achievements
Pro career
5× Greek League Champion: 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2012
2× EuroLeague Champion: 2000, 2012
2× Greek League All-Star: 2004, 2009
NBA G League Champion: 2006
2× Greek Cup Winner: 2010, 2011
Kazakh League Champion: 2013
Kazakh Cup Winner: 2013
Cypriot League Champion: 2014
Greek junior national team
1998 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship: Bronze
Greek senior national team
3× Acropolis International Tournament Champion: 2002, 2007, 2009
2008 FIBA World OQT: Gold
2009 EuroBasket: Bronze
References
External links
Career statistics and player information from NBA.com and Basketball-Reference.com
NBA G League profile
Euroleague.net profile
FIBA profile
FIBA Europe profile
Eurobasket.com profile
Greek Basket League profile (in Greek)
Hellenic Basketball Federation Profile (in Greek)
Italian League profile (in Italian)
|
occupation
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Andreas Glyniadakis (alternate spelling: Gliniadakis, Greek: Ανδρέας Γλυνιαδάκης; born 26 August 1981) is a Greek former professional basketball player. During his pro club career, at a height of 7 ft 1 in (2.16 m) tall, Glyniadakis played at the center position. His pro club playing career started in 1997, and ended in 2020.
In his pro club career, Glyniadakis won two EuroLeague championships. He first won the EuroLeague championship in 2000, with the Greek club Panathinaikos Athens. He later won the EuroLeague championship in 2012, with the Greek club Olympiacos Piraeus. With Greece's national team, he won the bronze medal at the 2009 EuroBasket.
Professional career
Europe
As a youth, Glyniadakis played with the youth teams of Kydonas of Chania, Crete. He then started his professional club career with the Greek Basket League team Panathinaikos Athens. After playing at Panathinaikos, he moved on to the Greek club Peristeri Athens, and then to the Greek club AEK Athens.
In May 2007, Glyniadakis signed with the Italian A League's Virtus Bologna. In September 2007, he returned to AEK Athens. However, he was waived by the club on 1 October 2007. Glyniadakis then joined the Greek team Maroussi Athens. He was the MVP of the Last 16's Week 1 in the EuroCup 2008–09 season.In July 2009, Glyniadakis moved to the Greek EuroLeague team Olympiacos Piraeus. With Olympiacos, he won the EuroLeague and Greek League championships in 2012. After a season of playing for the Kazakhstan Championship club Astana, Glyniadakis signed with Lietuvos rytas of the Lithuanian LKL League.On 31 January 2014, Glyniadakis signed a contract with Cypriot Division A side APOEL, and he helped the team to win the Cypriot League's championship at the end of the season. On 30 October 2014, Glyniadakis was signed by the Turkish Super League team Royal Halı Gaziantep. On 23 December 2014, he signed with Enegria Rovinari of the Romanian National League, for the rest of the season.On 14 August 2015, Glyniadakis signed with Les Lions de Geneve of the Swiss Championnat LNA. In November 2015, he left the Lions, and signed with the Greek club Nea Kifissia, for the rest of the 2015–16 season. On 21 July 2016, Glyniadakis signed with the Greek club PAOK Thessaloniki.On 4 August 2017, Glyniadakis signed with the Greek club Kymis. On 22 August 2018, Glyniadakis returned to his home land of Crete, after nearly two decades, after he signed a one-year deal with the Rethymno Cretan Kings. Glyniadakis joined the Greek club Ilysiakos Athens, in 2019, and he retired from playing pro club basketball iun 2020.
NBA
Glyniadakis was selected by the Detroit Pistons, with the 58th overall pick of the 2003 NBA draft. In the 2005–06 season, he played with the Roanoke Dazzle of the NBA D-League. He played with the Atlanta Hawks during the 2006 NBA preseason, but he was cut before the regular season began. He also played with the Albuquerque Thunderbirds of the NBA D-League, and with them, he won the D-League championship, in the year 2006.
Glyniadakis was signed by the NBA's Seattle SuperSonics, on 5 November 2006. With the Sonics, he appeared in 13 regular season games, in which he averaged 1.3 points per game. He was waived by the Sonics on 4 January 2007.Glyniadakis' final NBA game was played on January 2, 2007, in an 88–112 loss to the Dallas Mavericks. In his last NBA game, he recorded no stats, and only played for a total of 52 seconds, as he was substituted in at the very end of the 4th quarter, for Damien Wilkins. Glyniadakis also played with the Boston Celtics's Summer League squad in the 2007 NBA Summer League, in Las Vegas, Nevada.
National team career
Glyniadakis was a member of the Greek junior national teams. With Greece's junior national teams, he played at the 1997 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship. He won the bronze medal at the 1998 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship. He also played at the 1999 FIBA Under-19 World Cup, and at the 2000 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship.
Glyniadakis was also selected to the senior men's Greek national team for the 2008 Summer Olympic Games. With Greece, he won the bronze medal at the 2009 EuroBasket. He also played with Greece at the 2014 FIBA World Cup.
Career statistics
Regular season
EuroLeague
Awards and achievements
Pro career
5× Greek League Champion: 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2012
2× EuroLeague Champion: 2000, 2012
2× Greek League All-Star: 2004, 2009
NBA G League Champion: 2006
2× Greek Cup Winner: 2010, 2011
Kazakh League Champion: 2013
Kazakh Cup Winner: 2013
Cypriot League Champion: 2014
Greek junior national team
1998 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship: Bronze
Greek senior national team
3× Acropolis International Tournament Champion: 2002, 2007, 2009
2008 FIBA World OQT: Gold
2009 EuroBasket: Bronze
References
External links
Career statistics and player information from NBA.com and Basketball-Reference.com
NBA G League profile
Euroleague.net profile
FIBA profile
FIBA Europe profile
Eurobasket.com profile
Greek Basket League profile (in Greek)
Hellenic Basketball Federation Profile (in Greek)
Italian League profile (in Italian)
|
league
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Andreas Glyniadakis (alternate spelling: Gliniadakis, Greek: Ανδρέας Γλυνιαδάκης; born 26 August 1981) is a Greek former professional basketball player. During his pro club career, at a height of 7 ft 1 in (2.16 m) tall, Glyniadakis played at the center position. His pro club playing career started in 1997, and ended in 2020.
In his pro club career, Glyniadakis won two EuroLeague championships. He first won the EuroLeague championship in 2000, with the Greek club Panathinaikos Athens. He later won the EuroLeague championship in 2012, with the Greek club Olympiacos Piraeus. With Greece's national team, he won the bronze medal at the 2009 EuroBasket.
Professional career
Europe
As a youth, Glyniadakis played with the youth teams of Kydonas of Chania, Crete. He then started his professional club career with the Greek Basket League team Panathinaikos Athens. After playing at Panathinaikos, he moved on to the Greek club Peristeri Athens, and then to the Greek club AEK Athens.
In May 2007, Glyniadakis signed with the Italian A League's Virtus Bologna. In September 2007, he returned to AEK Athens. However, he was waived by the club on 1 October 2007. Glyniadakis then joined the Greek team Maroussi Athens. He was the MVP of the Last 16's Week 1 in the EuroCup 2008–09 season.In July 2009, Glyniadakis moved to the Greek EuroLeague team Olympiacos Piraeus. With Olympiacos, he won the EuroLeague and Greek League championships in 2012. After a season of playing for the Kazakhstan Championship club Astana, Glyniadakis signed with Lietuvos rytas of the Lithuanian LKL League.On 31 January 2014, Glyniadakis signed a contract with Cypriot Division A side APOEL, and he helped the team to win the Cypriot League's championship at the end of the season. On 30 October 2014, Glyniadakis was signed by the Turkish Super League team Royal Halı Gaziantep. On 23 December 2014, he signed with Enegria Rovinari of the Romanian National League, for the rest of the season.On 14 August 2015, Glyniadakis signed with Les Lions de Geneve of the Swiss Championnat LNA. In November 2015, he left the Lions, and signed with the Greek club Nea Kifissia, for the rest of the 2015–16 season. On 21 July 2016, Glyniadakis signed with the Greek club PAOK Thessaloniki.On 4 August 2017, Glyniadakis signed with the Greek club Kymis. On 22 August 2018, Glyniadakis returned to his home land of Crete, after nearly two decades, after he signed a one-year deal with the Rethymno Cretan Kings. Glyniadakis joined the Greek club Ilysiakos Athens, in 2019, and he retired from playing pro club basketball iun 2020.
NBA
Glyniadakis was selected by the Detroit Pistons, with the 58th overall pick of the 2003 NBA draft. In the 2005–06 season, he played with the Roanoke Dazzle of the NBA D-League. He played with the Atlanta Hawks during the 2006 NBA preseason, but he was cut before the regular season began. He also played with the Albuquerque Thunderbirds of the NBA D-League, and with them, he won the D-League championship, in the year 2006.
Glyniadakis was signed by the NBA's Seattle SuperSonics, on 5 November 2006. With the Sonics, he appeared in 13 regular season games, in which he averaged 1.3 points per game. He was waived by the Sonics on 4 January 2007.Glyniadakis' final NBA game was played on January 2, 2007, in an 88–112 loss to the Dallas Mavericks. In his last NBA game, he recorded no stats, and only played for a total of 52 seconds, as he was substituted in at the very end of the 4th quarter, for Damien Wilkins. Glyniadakis also played with the Boston Celtics's Summer League squad in the 2007 NBA Summer League, in Las Vegas, Nevada.
National team career
Glyniadakis was a member of the Greek junior national teams. With Greece's junior national teams, he played at the 1997 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship. He won the bronze medal at the 1998 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship. He also played at the 1999 FIBA Under-19 World Cup, and at the 2000 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship.
Glyniadakis was also selected to the senior men's Greek national team for the 2008 Summer Olympic Games. With Greece, he won the bronze medal at the 2009 EuroBasket. He also played with Greece at the 2014 FIBA World Cup.
Career statistics
Regular season
EuroLeague
Awards and achievements
Pro career
5× Greek League Champion: 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2012
2× EuroLeague Champion: 2000, 2012
2× Greek League All-Star: 2004, 2009
NBA G League Champion: 2006
2× Greek Cup Winner: 2010, 2011
Kazakh League Champion: 2013
Kazakh Cup Winner: 2013
Cypriot League Champion: 2014
Greek junior national team
1998 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship: Bronze
Greek senior national team
3× Acropolis International Tournament Champion: 2002, 2007, 2009
2008 FIBA World OQT: Gold
2009 EuroBasket: Bronze
References
External links
Career statistics and player information from NBA.com and Basketball-Reference.com
NBA G League profile
Euroleague.net profile
FIBA profile
FIBA Europe profile
Eurobasket.com profile
Greek Basket League profile (in Greek)
Hellenic Basketball Federation Profile (in Greek)
Italian League profile (in Italian)
|
Commons category
|
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Andreas Glyniadakis (alternate spelling: Gliniadakis, Greek: Ανδρέας Γλυνιαδάκης; born 26 August 1981) is a Greek former professional basketball player. During his pro club career, at a height of 7 ft 1 in (2.16 m) tall, Glyniadakis played at the center position. His pro club playing career started in 1997, and ended in 2020.
In his pro club career, Glyniadakis won two EuroLeague championships. He first won the EuroLeague championship in 2000, with the Greek club Panathinaikos Athens. He later won the EuroLeague championship in 2012, with the Greek club Olympiacos Piraeus. With Greece's national team, he won the bronze medal at the 2009 EuroBasket.
Professional career
Europe
As a youth, Glyniadakis played with the youth teams of Kydonas of Chania, Crete. He then started his professional club career with the Greek Basket League team Panathinaikos Athens. After playing at Panathinaikos, he moved on to the Greek club Peristeri Athens, and then to the Greek club AEK Athens.
In May 2007, Glyniadakis signed with the Italian A League's Virtus Bologna. In September 2007, he returned to AEK Athens. However, he was waived by the club on 1 October 2007. Glyniadakis then joined the Greek team Maroussi Athens. He was the MVP of the Last 16's Week 1 in the EuroCup 2008–09 season.In July 2009, Glyniadakis moved to the Greek EuroLeague team Olympiacos Piraeus. With Olympiacos, he won the EuroLeague and Greek League championships in 2012. After a season of playing for the Kazakhstan Championship club Astana, Glyniadakis signed with Lietuvos rytas of the Lithuanian LKL League.On 31 January 2014, Glyniadakis signed a contract with Cypriot Division A side APOEL, and he helped the team to win the Cypriot League's championship at the end of the season. On 30 October 2014, Glyniadakis was signed by the Turkish Super League team Royal Halı Gaziantep. On 23 December 2014, he signed with Enegria Rovinari of the Romanian National League, for the rest of the season.On 14 August 2015, Glyniadakis signed with Les Lions de Geneve of the Swiss Championnat LNA. In November 2015, he left the Lions, and signed with the Greek club Nea Kifissia, for the rest of the 2015–16 season. On 21 July 2016, Glyniadakis signed with the Greek club PAOK Thessaloniki.On 4 August 2017, Glyniadakis signed with the Greek club Kymis. On 22 August 2018, Glyniadakis returned to his home land of Crete, after nearly two decades, after he signed a one-year deal with the Rethymno Cretan Kings. Glyniadakis joined the Greek club Ilysiakos Athens, in 2019, and he retired from playing pro club basketball iun 2020.
NBA
Glyniadakis was selected by the Detroit Pistons, with the 58th overall pick of the 2003 NBA draft. In the 2005–06 season, he played with the Roanoke Dazzle of the NBA D-League. He played with the Atlanta Hawks during the 2006 NBA preseason, but he was cut before the regular season began. He also played with the Albuquerque Thunderbirds of the NBA D-League, and with them, he won the D-League championship, in the year 2006.
Glyniadakis was signed by the NBA's Seattle SuperSonics, on 5 November 2006. With the Sonics, he appeared in 13 regular season games, in which he averaged 1.3 points per game. He was waived by the Sonics on 4 January 2007.Glyniadakis' final NBA game was played on January 2, 2007, in an 88–112 loss to the Dallas Mavericks. In his last NBA game, he recorded no stats, and only played for a total of 52 seconds, as he was substituted in at the very end of the 4th quarter, for Damien Wilkins. Glyniadakis also played with the Boston Celtics's Summer League squad in the 2007 NBA Summer League, in Las Vegas, Nevada.
National team career
Glyniadakis was a member of the Greek junior national teams. With Greece's junior national teams, he played at the 1997 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship. He won the bronze medal at the 1998 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship. He also played at the 1999 FIBA Under-19 World Cup, and at the 2000 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship.
Glyniadakis was also selected to the senior men's Greek national team for the 2008 Summer Olympic Games. With Greece, he won the bronze medal at the 2009 EuroBasket. He also played with Greece at the 2014 FIBA World Cup.
Career statistics
Regular season
EuroLeague
Awards and achievements
Pro career
5× Greek League Champion: 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2012
2× EuroLeague Champion: 2000, 2012
2× Greek League All-Star: 2004, 2009
NBA G League Champion: 2006
2× Greek Cup Winner: 2010, 2011
Kazakh League Champion: 2013
Kazakh Cup Winner: 2013
Cypriot League Champion: 2014
Greek junior national team
1998 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship: Bronze
Greek senior national team
3× Acropolis International Tournament Champion: 2002, 2007, 2009
2008 FIBA World OQT: Gold
2009 EuroBasket: Bronze
References
External links
Career statistics and player information from NBA.com and Basketball-Reference.com
NBA G League profile
Euroleague.net profile
FIBA profile
FIBA Europe profile
Eurobasket.com profile
Greek Basket League profile (in Greek)
Hellenic Basketball Federation Profile (in Greek)
Italian League profile (in Italian)
|
position played on team / speciality
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Andreas Glyniadakis (alternate spelling: Gliniadakis, Greek: Ανδρέας Γλυνιαδάκης; born 26 August 1981) is a Greek former professional basketball player. During his pro club career, at a height of 7 ft 1 in (2.16 m) tall, Glyniadakis played at the center position. His pro club playing career started in 1997, and ended in 2020.
In his pro club career, Glyniadakis won two EuroLeague championships. He first won the EuroLeague championship in 2000, with the Greek club Panathinaikos Athens. He later won the EuroLeague championship in 2012, with the Greek club Olympiacos Piraeus. With Greece's national team, he won the bronze medal at the 2009 EuroBasket.
Professional career
Europe
As a youth, Glyniadakis played with the youth teams of Kydonas of Chania, Crete. He then started his professional club career with the Greek Basket League team Panathinaikos Athens. After playing at Panathinaikos, he moved on to the Greek club Peristeri Athens, and then to the Greek club AEK Athens.
In May 2007, Glyniadakis signed with the Italian A League's Virtus Bologna. In September 2007, he returned to AEK Athens. However, he was waived by the club on 1 October 2007. Glyniadakis then joined the Greek team Maroussi Athens. He was the MVP of the Last 16's Week 1 in the EuroCup 2008–09 season.In July 2009, Glyniadakis moved to the Greek EuroLeague team Olympiacos Piraeus. With Olympiacos, he won the EuroLeague and Greek League championships in 2012. After a season of playing for the Kazakhstan Championship club Astana, Glyniadakis signed with Lietuvos rytas of the Lithuanian LKL League.On 31 January 2014, Glyniadakis signed a contract with Cypriot Division A side APOEL, and he helped the team to win the Cypriot League's championship at the end of the season. On 30 October 2014, Glyniadakis was signed by the Turkish Super League team Royal Halı Gaziantep. On 23 December 2014, he signed with Enegria Rovinari of the Romanian National League, for the rest of the season.On 14 August 2015, Glyniadakis signed with Les Lions de Geneve of the Swiss Championnat LNA. In November 2015, he left the Lions, and signed with the Greek club Nea Kifissia, for the rest of the 2015–16 season. On 21 July 2016, Glyniadakis signed with the Greek club PAOK Thessaloniki.On 4 August 2017, Glyniadakis signed with the Greek club Kymis. On 22 August 2018, Glyniadakis returned to his home land of Crete, after nearly two decades, after he signed a one-year deal with the Rethymno Cretan Kings. Glyniadakis joined the Greek club Ilysiakos Athens, in 2019, and he retired from playing pro club basketball iun 2020.
NBA
Glyniadakis was selected by the Detroit Pistons, with the 58th overall pick of the 2003 NBA draft. In the 2005–06 season, he played with the Roanoke Dazzle of the NBA D-League. He played with the Atlanta Hawks during the 2006 NBA preseason, but he was cut before the regular season began. He also played with the Albuquerque Thunderbirds of the NBA D-League, and with them, he won the D-League championship, in the year 2006.
Glyniadakis was signed by the NBA's Seattle SuperSonics, on 5 November 2006. With the Sonics, he appeared in 13 regular season games, in which he averaged 1.3 points per game. He was waived by the Sonics on 4 January 2007.Glyniadakis' final NBA game was played on January 2, 2007, in an 88–112 loss to the Dallas Mavericks. In his last NBA game, he recorded no stats, and only played for a total of 52 seconds, as he was substituted in at the very end of the 4th quarter, for Damien Wilkins. Glyniadakis also played with the Boston Celtics's Summer League squad in the 2007 NBA Summer League, in Las Vegas, Nevada.
National team career
Glyniadakis was a member of the Greek junior national teams. With Greece's junior national teams, he played at the 1997 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship. He won the bronze medal at the 1998 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship. He also played at the 1999 FIBA Under-19 World Cup, and at the 2000 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship.
Glyniadakis was also selected to the senior men's Greek national team for the 2008 Summer Olympic Games. With Greece, he won the bronze medal at the 2009 EuroBasket. He also played with Greece at the 2014 FIBA World Cup.
Career statistics
Regular season
EuroLeague
Awards and achievements
Pro career
5× Greek League Champion: 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2012
2× EuroLeague Champion: 2000, 2012
2× Greek League All-Star: 2004, 2009
NBA G League Champion: 2006
2× Greek Cup Winner: 2010, 2011
Kazakh League Champion: 2013
Kazakh Cup Winner: 2013
Cypriot League Champion: 2014
Greek junior national team
1998 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship: Bronze
Greek senior national team
3× Acropolis International Tournament Champion: 2002, 2007, 2009
2008 FIBA World OQT: Gold
2009 EuroBasket: Bronze
References
External links
Career statistics and player information from NBA.com and Basketball-Reference.com
NBA G League profile
Euroleague.net profile
FIBA profile
FIBA Europe profile
Eurobasket.com profile
Greek Basket League profile (in Greek)
Hellenic Basketball Federation Profile (in Greek)
Italian League profile (in Italian)
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Andreas Glyniadakis (alternate spelling: Gliniadakis, Greek: Ανδρέας Γλυνιαδάκης; born 26 August 1981) is a Greek former professional basketball player. During his pro club career, at a height of 7 ft 1 in (2.16 m) tall, Glyniadakis played at the center position. His pro club playing career started in 1997, and ended in 2020.
In his pro club career, Glyniadakis won two EuroLeague championships. He first won the EuroLeague championship in 2000, with the Greek club Panathinaikos Athens. He later won the EuroLeague championship in 2012, with the Greek club Olympiacos Piraeus. With Greece's national team, he won the bronze medal at the 2009 EuroBasket.
Professional career
Europe
As a youth, Glyniadakis played with the youth teams of Kydonas of Chania, Crete. He then started his professional club career with the Greek Basket League team Panathinaikos Athens. After playing at Panathinaikos, he moved on to the Greek club Peristeri Athens, and then to the Greek club AEK Athens.
In May 2007, Glyniadakis signed with the Italian A League's Virtus Bologna. In September 2007, he returned to AEK Athens. However, he was waived by the club on 1 October 2007. Glyniadakis then joined the Greek team Maroussi Athens. He was the MVP of the Last 16's Week 1 in the EuroCup 2008–09 season.In July 2009, Glyniadakis moved to the Greek EuroLeague team Olympiacos Piraeus. With Olympiacos, he won the EuroLeague and Greek League championships in 2012. After a season of playing for the Kazakhstan Championship club Astana, Glyniadakis signed with Lietuvos rytas of the Lithuanian LKL League.On 31 January 2014, Glyniadakis signed a contract with Cypriot Division A side APOEL, and he helped the team to win the Cypriot League's championship at the end of the season. On 30 October 2014, Glyniadakis was signed by the Turkish Super League team Royal Halı Gaziantep. On 23 December 2014, he signed with Enegria Rovinari of the Romanian National League, for the rest of the season.On 14 August 2015, Glyniadakis signed with Les Lions de Geneve of the Swiss Championnat LNA. In November 2015, he left the Lions, and signed with the Greek club Nea Kifissia, for the rest of the 2015–16 season. On 21 July 2016, Glyniadakis signed with the Greek club PAOK Thessaloniki.On 4 August 2017, Glyniadakis signed with the Greek club Kymis. On 22 August 2018, Glyniadakis returned to his home land of Crete, after nearly two decades, after he signed a one-year deal with the Rethymno Cretan Kings. Glyniadakis joined the Greek club Ilysiakos Athens, in 2019, and he retired from playing pro club basketball iun 2020.
NBA
Glyniadakis was selected by the Detroit Pistons, with the 58th overall pick of the 2003 NBA draft. In the 2005–06 season, he played with the Roanoke Dazzle of the NBA D-League. He played with the Atlanta Hawks during the 2006 NBA preseason, but he was cut before the regular season began. He also played with the Albuquerque Thunderbirds of the NBA D-League, and with them, he won the D-League championship, in the year 2006.
Glyniadakis was signed by the NBA's Seattle SuperSonics, on 5 November 2006. With the Sonics, he appeared in 13 regular season games, in which he averaged 1.3 points per game. He was waived by the Sonics on 4 January 2007.Glyniadakis' final NBA game was played on January 2, 2007, in an 88–112 loss to the Dallas Mavericks. In his last NBA game, he recorded no stats, and only played for a total of 52 seconds, as he was substituted in at the very end of the 4th quarter, for Damien Wilkins. Glyniadakis also played with the Boston Celtics's Summer League squad in the 2007 NBA Summer League, in Las Vegas, Nevada.
National team career
Glyniadakis was a member of the Greek junior national teams. With Greece's junior national teams, he played at the 1997 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship. He won the bronze medal at the 1998 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship. He also played at the 1999 FIBA Under-19 World Cup, and at the 2000 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship.
Glyniadakis was also selected to the senior men's Greek national team for the 2008 Summer Olympic Games. With Greece, he won the bronze medal at the 2009 EuroBasket. He also played with Greece at the 2014 FIBA World Cup.
Career statistics
Regular season
EuroLeague
Awards and achievements
Pro career
5× Greek League Champion: 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2012
2× EuroLeague Champion: 2000, 2012
2× Greek League All-Star: 2004, 2009
NBA G League Champion: 2006
2× Greek Cup Winner: 2010, 2011
Kazakh League Champion: 2013
Kazakh Cup Winner: 2013
Cypriot League Champion: 2014
Greek junior national team
1998 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship: Bronze
Greek senior national team
3× Acropolis International Tournament Champion: 2002, 2007, 2009
2008 FIBA World OQT: Gold
2009 EuroBasket: Bronze
References
External links
Career statistics and player information from NBA.com and Basketball-Reference.com
NBA G League profile
Euroleague.net profile
FIBA profile
FIBA Europe profile
Eurobasket.com profile
Greek Basket League profile (in Greek)
Hellenic Basketball Federation Profile (in Greek)
Italian League profile (in Italian)
|
drafted by
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Andreas Glyniadakis (alternate spelling: Gliniadakis, Greek: Ανδρέας Γλυνιαδάκης; born 26 August 1981) is a Greek former professional basketball player. During his pro club career, at a height of 7 ft 1 in (2.16 m) tall, Glyniadakis played at the center position. His pro club playing career started in 1997, and ended in 2020.
In his pro club career, Glyniadakis won two EuroLeague championships. He first won the EuroLeague championship in 2000, with the Greek club Panathinaikos Athens. He later won the EuroLeague championship in 2012, with the Greek club Olympiacos Piraeus. With Greece's national team, he won the bronze medal at the 2009 EuroBasket.
Professional career
Europe
As a youth, Glyniadakis played with the youth teams of Kydonas of Chania, Crete. He then started his professional club career with the Greek Basket League team Panathinaikos Athens. After playing at Panathinaikos, he moved on to the Greek club Peristeri Athens, and then to the Greek club AEK Athens.
In May 2007, Glyniadakis signed with the Italian A League's Virtus Bologna. In September 2007, he returned to AEK Athens. However, he was waived by the club on 1 October 2007. Glyniadakis then joined the Greek team Maroussi Athens. He was the MVP of the Last 16's Week 1 in the EuroCup 2008–09 season.In July 2009, Glyniadakis moved to the Greek EuroLeague team Olympiacos Piraeus. With Olympiacos, he won the EuroLeague and Greek League championships in 2012. After a season of playing for the Kazakhstan Championship club Astana, Glyniadakis signed with Lietuvos rytas of the Lithuanian LKL League.On 31 January 2014, Glyniadakis signed a contract with Cypriot Division A side APOEL, and he helped the team to win the Cypriot League's championship at the end of the season. On 30 October 2014, Glyniadakis was signed by the Turkish Super League team Royal Halı Gaziantep. On 23 December 2014, he signed with Enegria Rovinari of the Romanian National League, for the rest of the season.On 14 August 2015, Glyniadakis signed with Les Lions de Geneve of the Swiss Championnat LNA. In November 2015, he left the Lions, and signed with the Greek club Nea Kifissia, for the rest of the 2015–16 season. On 21 July 2016, Glyniadakis signed with the Greek club PAOK Thessaloniki.On 4 August 2017, Glyniadakis signed with the Greek club Kymis. On 22 August 2018, Glyniadakis returned to his home land of Crete, after nearly two decades, after he signed a one-year deal with the Rethymno Cretan Kings. Glyniadakis joined the Greek club Ilysiakos Athens, in 2019, and he retired from playing pro club basketball iun 2020.
NBA
Glyniadakis was selected by the Detroit Pistons, with the 58th overall pick of the 2003 NBA draft. In the 2005–06 season, he played with the Roanoke Dazzle of the NBA D-League. He played with the Atlanta Hawks during the 2006 NBA preseason, but he was cut before the regular season began. He also played with the Albuquerque Thunderbirds of the NBA D-League, and with them, he won the D-League championship, in the year 2006.
Glyniadakis was signed by the NBA's Seattle SuperSonics, on 5 November 2006. With the Sonics, he appeared in 13 regular season games, in which he averaged 1.3 points per game. He was waived by the Sonics on 4 January 2007.Glyniadakis' final NBA game was played on January 2, 2007, in an 88–112 loss to the Dallas Mavericks. In his last NBA game, he recorded no stats, and only played for a total of 52 seconds, as he was substituted in at the very end of the 4th quarter, for Damien Wilkins. Glyniadakis also played with the Boston Celtics's Summer League squad in the 2007 NBA Summer League, in Las Vegas, Nevada.
National team career
Glyniadakis was a member of the Greek junior national teams. With Greece's junior national teams, he played at the 1997 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship. He won the bronze medal at the 1998 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship. He also played at the 1999 FIBA Under-19 World Cup, and at the 2000 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship.
Glyniadakis was also selected to the senior men's Greek national team for the 2008 Summer Olympic Games. With Greece, he won the bronze medal at the 2009 EuroBasket. He also played with Greece at the 2014 FIBA World Cup.
Career statistics
Regular season
EuroLeague
Awards and achievements
Pro career
5× Greek League Champion: 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2012
2× EuroLeague Champion: 2000, 2012
2× Greek League All-Star: 2004, 2009
NBA G League Champion: 2006
2× Greek Cup Winner: 2010, 2011
Kazakh League Champion: 2013
Kazakh Cup Winner: 2013
Cypriot League Champion: 2014
Greek junior national team
1998 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship: Bronze
Greek senior national team
3× Acropolis International Tournament Champion: 2002, 2007, 2009
2008 FIBA World OQT: Gold
2009 EuroBasket: Bronze
References
External links
Career statistics and player information from NBA.com and Basketball-Reference.com
NBA G League profile
Euroleague.net profile
FIBA profile
FIBA Europe profile
Eurobasket.com profile
Greek Basket League profile (in Greek)
Hellenic Basketball Federation Profile (in Greek)
Italian League profile (in Italian)
|
given name
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Åseral is a municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is in the traditional district of Sørlandet. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Kyrkjebygda. Other villages in Åseral include Eikerapen, Kylland, Ljosland, and Åknes.
Åseral is an inland municipality, bordering Bygland municipality to the north and east, Evje og Hornnes to the east, Lyngdal to the south, Hægebostad to the southwest, and Kvinesdal in the west. Åseral is the headwaters of the river Mandalselva and the Mandalen valley.
The 888-square-kilometre (343 sq mi) municipality is the 131st largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Åseral is the 338th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 912. The municipality's population density is 1.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.8/sq mi) and its population has increased by 0% over the previous 10-year period.
General information
For centuries, the large parish of Bjelland encompassed the northern half of the Mandalen valley. The northern annex of the parish was Aaserald which was in the neighboring county of Nedenes while the main part of the parish was in Lister og Mandal county. When the formannskapsdistrikt law went into effect on 1 January 1838, each parish was created as a municipality, however, since Bjelland covered areas in two counties, it had to be split into two municipalities. The northern annex became the municipality of Aaserald (later spelled Åseral) in Nedenes county and the rest became the municipality of Bjelland og Grindum in Lister og Mandal county. On 1 September 1880, the municipality of Åseral was transferred from Nedenes county to Lister og Mandal county. Its municipal boundaries have never changed.
Name
The Old Norse form of the name was Old Norse: Ásaráll. The first part of the word is probably the genitive case of áss (m.), meaning "mountain ridge". The last part, áll (m.) means "long strip", probably referring to the long and narrow lake Øre. Historically, the name was spelled Aaserald or Aaseral. Since the early 20th century it has been spelled Åseral.
Coat of arms
The coat of arms was granted on 20 January 1989. The official blazon is "Vert a horseshoe argent" (Norwegian: På grøn grunn ein sølv hestesko). This means the arms have a green field (background) and the charge is a horseshoe. The horseshoe has a tincture of argent which means it is colored white most of the time, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The green color in the field symbolizes the importance of forestry and the horseshoe was chosen to represent the historical importance of horses in the farming culture of Åseral as well as the symbol of good luck.
Churches
The Church of Norway has one parish (sokn) within the municipality of Åseral. It is part of the Otredal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. Until 2019, it was part of the old Mandal prosti.
Government
All municipalities in Norway, including Åseral, are responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of elected representatives, which in turn elect a mayor. The municipality falls under the Agder District Court and the Agder Court of Appeal.
Municipal council
The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Åseral is made up of 17 representatives that are elected to four year terms. Currently, the party breakdown is as follows:
Geography
Åseral is in the central, inland part of Southern Norway. It is in the Setesdalsheiene mountains and adjacent to the Setesdal valley to the northeast. Åseral has many lakes, some of which are dammed for purposes of hydroelectric power. Some of the lakes include Nåvatnet, Juvatn, Øre and Gyvatn. The river Mandalselva and the Mandalen valley both begin in Åseral.
Climate
Attractions
Åseral is a popular winter tourist destination with three ski resorts in the villages of Bortelid, Ljosland, and Eikerapen. Eikerapen is also the site of the annual Eikerapen Roots Festival, an international music festival attracting thousands of people from all over Europe.
Notable people
Lars Knutson Liestøl (1839–1912) a Norwegian politician, Mayor of Bygland in Aust-Agder for 12 years
Knut Liestøl (1881 in Åseral – 1952) a Norwegian folklorist, Nynorsk proponent and politician
References
External links
Media related to Åseral at Wikimedia Commons
The dictionary definition of Åseral at Wiktionary
Vest-Agder travel guide from Wikivoyage
Municipal fact sheet from Statistics Norway (in Norwegian)
|
country
|
{
"answer_start": [
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|
Åseral is a municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is in the traditional district of Sørlandet. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Kyrkjebygda. Other villages in Åseral include Eikerapen, Kylland, Ljosland, and Åknes.
Åseral is an inland municipality, bordering Bygland municipality to the north and east, Evje og Hornnes to the east, Lyngdal to the south, Hægebostad to the southwest, and Kvinesdal in the west. Åseral is the headwaters of the river Mandalselva and the Mandalen valley.
The 888-square-kilometre (343 sq mi) municipality is the 131st largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Åseral is the 338th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 912. The municipality's population density is 1.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.8/sq mi) and its population has increased by 0% over the previous 10-year period.
General information
For centuries, the large parish of Bjelland encompassed the northern half of the Mandalen valley. The northern annex of the parish was Aaserald which was in the neighboring county of Nedenes while the main part of the parish was in Lister og Mandal county. When the formannskapsdistrikt law went into effect on 1 January 1838, each parish was created as a municipality, however, since Bjelland covered areas in two counties, it had to be split into two municipalities. The northern annex became the municipality of Aaserald (later spelled Åseral) in Nedenes county and the rest became the municipality of Bjelland og Grindum in Lister og Mandal county. On 1 September 1880, the municipality of Åseral was transferred from Nedenes county to Lister og Mandal county. Its municipal boundaries have never changed.
Name
The Old Norse form of the name was Old Norse: Ásaráll. The first part of the word is probably the genitive case of áss (m.), meaning "mountain ridge". The last part, áll (m.) means "long strip", probably referring to the long and narrow lake Øre. Historically, the name was spelled Aaserald or Aaseral. Since the early 20th century it has been spelled Åseral.
Coat of arms
The coat of arms was granted on 20 January 1989. The official blazon is "Vert a horseshoe argent" (Norwegian: På grøn grunn ein sølv hestesko). This means the arms have a green field (background) and the charge is a horseshoe. The horseshoe has a tincture of argent which means it is colored white most of the time, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The green color in the field symbolizes the importance of forestry and the horseshoe was chosen to represent the historical importance of horses in the farming culture of Åseral as well as the symbol of good luck.
Churches
The Church of Norway has one parish (sokn) within the municipality of Åseral. It is part of the Otredal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. Until 2019, it was part of the old Mandal prosti.
Government
All municipalities in Norway, including Åseral, are responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of elected representatives, which in turn elect a mayor. The municipality falls under the Agder District Court and the Agder Court of Appeal.
Municipal council
The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Åseral is made up of 17 representatives that are elected to four year terms. Currently, the party breakdown is as follows:
Geography
Åseral is in the central, inland part of Southern Norway. It is in the Setesdalsheiene mountains and adjacent to the Setesdal valley to the northeast. Åseral has many lakes, some of which are dammed for purposes of hydroelectric power. Some of the lakes include Nåvatnet, Juvatn, Øre and Gyvatn. The river Mandalselva and the Mandalen valley both begin in Åseral.
Climate
Attractions
Åseral is a popular winter tourist destination with three ski resorts in the villages of Bortelid, Ljosland, and Eikerapen. Eikerapen is also the site of the annual Eikerapen Roots Festival, an international music festival attracting thousands of people from all over Europe.
Notable people
Lars Knutson Liestøl (1839–1912) a Norwegian politician, Mayor of Bygland in Aust-Agder for 12 years
Knut Liestøl (1881 in Åseral – 1952) a Norwegian folklorist, Nynorsk proponent and politician
References
External links
Media related to Åseral at Wikimedia Commons
The dictionary definition of Åseral at Wiktionary
Vest-Agder travel guide from Wikivoyage
Municipal fact sheet from Statistics Norway (in Norwegian)
|
capital
|
{
"answer_start": [
162
],
"text": [
"Kyrkjebygda"
]
}
|
Åseral is a municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is in the traditional district of Sørlandet. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Kyrkjebygda. Other villages in Åseral include Eikerapen, Kylland, Ljosland, and Åknes.
Åseral is an inland municipality, bordering Bygland municipality to the north and east, Evje og Hornnes to the east, Lyngdal to the south, Hægebostad to the southwest, and Kvinesdal in the west. Åseral is the headwaters of the river Mandalselva and the Mandalen valley.
The 888-square-kilometre (343 sq mi) municipality is the 131st largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Åseral is the 338th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 912. The municipality's population density is 1.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.8/sq mi) and its population has increased by 0% over the previous 10-year period.
General information
For centuries, the large parish of Bjelland encompassed the northern half of the Mandalen valley. The northern annex of the parish was Aaserald which was in the neighboring county of Nedenes while the main part of the parish was in Lister og Mandal county. When the formannskapsdistrikt law went into effect on 1 January 1838, each parish was created as a municipality, however, since Bjelland covered areas in two counties, it had to be split into two municipalities. The northern annex became the municipality of Aaserald (later spelled Åseral) in Nedenes county and the rest became the municipality of Bjelland og Grindum in Lister og Mandal county. On 1 September 1880, the municipality of Åseral was transferred from Nedenes county to Lister og Mandal county. Its municipal boundaries have never changed.
Name
The Old Norse form of the name was Old Norse: Ásaráll. The first part of the word is probably the genitive case of áss (m.), meaning "mountain ridge". The last part, áll (m.) means "long strip", probably referring to the long and narrow lake Øre. Historically, the name was spelled Aaserald or Aaseral. Since the early 20th century it has been spelled Åseral.
Coat of arms
The coat of arms was granted on 20 January 1989. The official blazon is "Vert a horseshoe argent" (Norwegian: På grøn grunn ein sølv hestesko). This means the arms have a green field (background) and the charge is a horseshoe. The horseshoe has a tincture of argent which means it is colored white most of the time, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The green color in the field symbolizes the importance of forestry and the horseshoe was chosen to represent the historical importance of horses in the farming culture of Åseral as well as the symbol of good luck.
Churches
The Church of Norway has one parish (sokn) within the municipality of Åseral. It is part of the Otredal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. Until 2019, it was part of the old Mandal prosti.
Government
All municipalities in Norway, including Åseral, are responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of elected representatives, which in turn elect a mayor. The municipality falls under the Agder District Court and the Agder Court of Appeal.
Municipal council
The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Åseral is made up of 17 representatives that are elected to four year terms. Currently, the party breakdown is as follows:
Geography
Åseral is in the central, inland part of Southern Norway. It is in the Setesdalsheiene mountains and adjacent to the Setesdal valley to the northeast. Åseral has many lakes, some of which are dammed for purposes of hydroelectric power. Some of the lakes include Nåvatnet, Juvatn, Øre and Gyvatn. The river Mandalselva and the Mandalen valley both begin in Åseral.
Climate
Attractions
Åseral is a popular winter tourist destination with three ski resorts in the villages of Bortelid, Ljosland, and Eikerapen. Eikerapen is also the site of the annual Eikerapen Roots Festival, an international music festival attracting thousands of people from all over Europe.
Notable people
Lars Knutson Liestøl (1839–1912) a Norwegian politician, Mayor of Bygland in Aust-Agder for 12 years
Knut Liestøl (1881 in Åseral – 1952) a Norwegian folklorist, Nynorsk proponent and politician
References
External links
Media related to Åseral at Wikimedia Commons
The dictionary definition of Åseral at Wiktionary
Vest-Agder travel guide from Wikivoyage
Municipal fact sheet from Statistics Norway (in Norwegian)
|
shares border with
|
{
"answer_start": [
293
],
"text": [
"Bygland"
]
}
|
Åseral is a municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is in the traditional district of Sørlandet. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Kyrkjebygda. Other villages in Åseral include Eikerapen, Kylland, Ljosland, and Åknes.
Åseral is an inland municipality, bordering Bygland municipality to the north and east, Evje og Hornnes to the east, Lyngdal to the south, Hægebostad to the southwest, and Kvinesdal in the west. Åseral is the headwaters of the river Mandalselva and the Mandalen valley.
The 888-square-kilometre (343 sq mi) municipality is the 131st largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Åseral is the 338th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 912. The municipality's population density is 1.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.8/sq mi) and its population has increased by 0% over the previous 10-year period.
General information
For centuries, the large parish of Bjelland encompassed the northern half of the Mandalen valley. The northern annex of the parish was Aaserald which was in the neighboring county of Nedenes while the main part of the parish was in Lister og Mandal county. When the formannskapsdistrikt law went into effect on 1 January 1838, each parish was created as a municipality, however, since Bjelland covered areas in two counties, it had to be split into two municipalities. The northern annex became the municipality of Aaserald (later spelled Åseral) in Nedenes county and the rest became the municipality of Bjelland og Grindum in Lister og Mandal county. On 1 September 1880, the municipality of Åseral was transferred from Nedenes county to Lister og Mandal county. Its municipal boundaries have never changed.
Name
The Old Norse form of the name was Old Norse: Ásaráll. The first part of the word is probably the genitive case of áss (m.), meaning "mountain ridge". The last part, áll (m.) means "long strip", probably referring to the long and narrow lake Øre. Historically, the name was spelled Aaserald or Aaseral. Since the early 20th century it has been spelled Åseral.
Coat of arms
The coat of arms was granted on 20 January 1989. The official blazon is "Vert a horseshoe argent" (Norwegian: På grøn grunn ein sølv hestesko). This means the arms have a green field (background) and the charge is a horseshoe. The horseshoe has a tincture of argent which means it is colored white most of the time, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The green color in the field symbolizes the importance of forestry and the horseshoe was chosen to represent the historical importance of horses in the farming culture of Åseral as well as the symbol of good luck.
Churches
The Church of Norway has one parish (sokn) within the municipality of Åseral. It is part of the Otredal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. Until 2019, it was part of the old Mandal prosti.
Government
All municipalities in Norway, including Åseral, are responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of elected representatives, which in turn elect a mayor. The municipality falls under the Agder District Court and the Agder Court of Appeal.
Municipal council
The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Åseral is made up of 17 representatives that are elected to four year terms. Currently, the party breakdown is as follows:
Geography
Åseral is in the central, inland part of Southern Norway. It is in the Setesdalsheiene mountains and adjacent to the Setesdal valley to the northeast. Åseral has many lakes, some of which are dammed for purposes of hydroelectric power. Some of the lakes include Nåvatnet, Juvatn, Øre and Gyvatn. The river Mandalselva and the Mandalen valley both begin in Åseral.
Climate
Attractions
Åseral is a popular winter tourist destination with three ski resorts in the villages of Bortelid, Ljosland, and Eikerapen. Eikerapen is also the site of the annual Eikerapen Roots Festival, an international music festival attracting thousands of people from all over Europe.
Notable people
Lars Knutson Liestøl (1839–1912) a Norwegian politician, Mayor of Bygland in Aust-Agder for 12 years
Knut Liestøl (1881 in Åseral – 1952) a Norwegian folklorist, Nynorsk proponent and politician
References
External links
Media related to Åseral at Wikimedia Commons
The dictionary definition of Åseral at Wiktionary
Vest-Agder travel guide from Wikivoyage
Municipal fact sheet from Statistics Norway (in Norwegian)
|
located in the administrative territorial entity
|
{
"answer_start": [
28
],
"text": [
"Agder"
]
}
|
Åseral is a municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is in the traditional district of Sørlandet. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Kyrkjebygda. Other villages in Åseral include Eikerapen, Kylland, Ljosland, and Åknes.
Åseral is an inland municipality, bordering Bygland municipality to the north and east, Evje og Hornnes to the east, Lyngdal to the south, Hægebostad to the southwest, and Kvinesdal in the west. Åseral is the headwaters of the river Mandalselva and the Mandalen valley.
The 888-square-kilometre (343 sq mi) municipality is the 131st largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Åseral is the 338th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 912. The municipality's population density is 1.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.8/sq mi) and its population has increased by 0% over the previous 10-year period.
General information
For centuries, the large parish of Bjelland encompassed the northern half of the Mandalen valley. The northern annex of the parish was Aaserald which was in the neighboring county of Nedenes while the main part of the parish was in Lister og Mandal county. When the formannskapsdistrikt law went into effect on 1 January 1838, each parish was created as a municipality, however, since Bjelland covered areas in two counties, it had to be split into two municipalities. The northern annex became the municipality of Aaserald (later spelled Åseral) in Nedenes county and the rest became the municipality of Bjelland og Grindum in Lister og Mandal county. On 1 September 1880, the municipality of Åseral was transferred from Nedenes county to Lister og Mandal county. Its municipal boundaries have never changed.
Name
The Old Norse form of the name was Old Norse: Ásaráll. The first part of the word is probably the genitive case of áss (m.), meaning "mountain ridge". The last part, áll (m.) means "long strip", probably referring to the long and narrow lake Øre. Historically, the name was spelled Aaserald or Aaseral. Since the early 20th century it has been spelled Åseral.
Coat of arms
The coat of arms was granted on 20 January 1989. The official blazon is "Vert a horseshoe argent" (Norwegian: På grøn grunn ein sølv hestesko). This means the arms have a green field (background) and the charge is a horseshoe. The horseshoe has a tincture of argent which means it is colored white most of the time, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The green color in the field symbolizes the importance of forestry and the horseshoe was chosen to represent the historical importance of horses in the farming culture of Åseral as well as the symbol of good luck.
Churches
The Church of Norway has one parish (sokn) within the municipality of Åseral. It is part of the Otredal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. Until 2019, it was part of the old Mandal prosti.
Government
All municipalities in Norway, including Åseral, are responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of elected representatives, which in turn elect a mayor. The municipality falls under the Agder District Court and the Agder Court of Appeal.
Municipal council
The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Åseral is made up of 17 representatives that are elected to four year terms. Currently, the party breakdown is as follows:
Geography
Åseral is in the central, inland part of Southern Norway. It is in the Setesdalsheiene mountains and adjacent to the Setesdal valley to the northeast. Åseral has many lakes, some of which are dammed for purposes of hydroelectric power. Some of the lakes include Nåvatnet, Juvatn, Øre and Gyvatn. The river Mandalselva and the Mandalen valley both begin in Åseral.
Climate
Attractions
Åseral is a popular winter tourist destination with three ski resorts in the villages of Bortelid, Ljosland, and Eikerapen. Eikerapen is also the site of the annual Eikerapen Roots Festival, an international music festival attracting thousands of people from all over Europe.
Notable people
Lars Knutson Liestøl (1839–1912) a Norwegian politician, Mayor of Bygland in Aust-Agder for 12 years
Knut Liestøl (1881 in Åseral – 1952) a Norwegian folklorist, Nynorsk proponent and politician
References
External links
Media related to Åseral at Wikimedia Commons
The dictionary definition of Åseral at Wiktionary
Vest-Agder travel guide from Wikivoyage
Municipal fact sheet from Statistics Norway (in Norwegian)
|
Commons category
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Åseral"
]
}
|
Åseral is a municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is in the traditional district of Sørlandet. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Kyrkjebygda. Other villages in Åseral include Eikerapen, Kylland, Ljosland, and Åknes.
Åseral is an inland municipality, bordering Bygland municipality to the north and east, Evje og Hornnes to the east, Lyngdal to the south, Hægebostad to the southwest, and Kvinesdal in the west. Åseral is the headwaters of the river Mandalselva and the Mandalen valley.
The 888-square-kilometre (343 sq mi) municipality is the 131st largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Åseral is the 338th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 912. The municipality's population density is 1.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.8/sq mi) and its population has increased by 0% over the previous 10-year period.
General information
For centuries, the large parish of Bjelland encompassed the northern half of the Mandalen valley. The northern annex of the parish was Aaserald which was in the neighboring county of Nedenes while the main part of the parish was in Lister og Mandal county. When the formannskapsdistrikt law went into effect on 1 January 1838, each parish was created as a municipality, however, since Bjelland covered areas in two counties, it had to be split into two municipalities. The northern annex became the municipality of Aaserald (later spelled Åseral) in Nedenes county and the rest became the municipality of Bjelland og Grindum in Lister og Mandal county. On 1 September 1880, the municipality of Åseral was transferred from Nedenes county to Lister og Mandal county. Its municipal boundaries have never changed.
Name
The Old Norse form of the name was Old Norse: Ásaráll. The first part of the word is probably the genitive case of áss (m.), meaning "mountain ridge". The last part, áll (m.) means "long strip", probably referring to the long and narrow lake Øre. Historically, the name was spelled Aaserald or Aaseral. Since the early 20th century it has been spelled Åseral.
Coat of arms
The coat of arms was granted on 20 January 1989. The official blazon is "Vert a horseshoe argent" (Norwegian: På grøn grunn ein sølv hestesko). This means the arms have a green field (background) and the charge is a horseshoe. The horseshoe has a tincture of argent which means it is colored white most of the time, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The green color in the field symbolizes the importance of forestry and the horseshoe was chosen to represent the historical importance of horses in the farming culture of Åseral as well as the symbol of good luck.
Churches
The Church of Norway has one parish (sokn) within the municipality of Åseral. It is part of the Otredal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. Until 2019, it was part of the old Mandal prosti.
Government
All municipalities in Norway, including Åseral, are responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of elected representatives, which in turn elect a mayor. The municipality falls under the Agder District Court and the Agder Court of Appeal.
Municipal council
The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Åseral is made up of 17 representatives that are elected to four year terms. Currently, the party breakdown is as follows:
Geography
Åseral is in the central, inland part of Southern Norway. It is in the Setesdalsheiene mountains and adjacent to the Setesdal valley to the northeast. Åseral has many lakes, some of which are dammed for purposes of hydroelectric power. Some of the lakes include Nåvatnet, Juvatn, Øre and Gyvatn. The river Mandalselva and the Mandalen valley both begin in Åseral.
Climate
Attractions
Åseral is a popular winter tourist destination with three ski resorts in the villages of Bortelid, Ljosland, and Eikerapen. Eikerapen is also the site of the annual Eikerapen Roots Festival, an international music festival attracting thousands of people from all over Europe.
Notable people
Lars Knutson Liestøl (1839–1912) a Norwegian politician, Mayor of Bygland in Aust-Agder for 12 years
Knut Liestøl (1881 in Åseral – 1952) a Norwegian folklorist, Nynorsk proponent and politician
References
External links
Media related to Åseral at Wikimedia Commons
The dictionary definition of Åseral at Wiktionary
Vest-Agder travel guide from Wikivoyage
Municipal fact sheet from Statistics Norway (in Norwegian)
|
Commons gallery
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Åseral"
]
}
|
Åseral is a municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is in the traditional district of Sørlandet. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Kyrkjebygda. Other villages in Åseral include Eikerapen, Kylland, Ljosland, and Åknes.
Åseral is an inland municipality, bordering Bygland municipality to the north and east, Evje og Hornnes to the east, Lyngdal to the south, Hægebostad to the southwest, and Kvinesdal in the west. Åseral is the headwaters of the river Mandalselva and the Mandalen valley.
The 888-square-kilometre (343 sq mi) municipality is the 131st largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Åseral is the 338th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 912. The municipality's population density is 1.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.8/sq mi) and its population has increased by 0% over the previous 10-year period.
General information
For centuries, the large parish of Bjelland encompassed the northern half of the Mandalen valley. The northern annex of the parish was Aaserald which was in the neighboring county of Nedenes while the main part of the parish was in Lister og Mandal county. When the formannskapsdistrikt law went into effect on 1 January 1838, each parish was created as a municipality, however, since Bjelland covered areas in two counties, it had to be split into two municipalities. The northern annex became the municipality of Aaserald (later spelled Åseral) in Nedenes county and the rest became the municipality of Bjelland og Grindum in Lister og Mandal county. On 1 September 1880, the municipality of Åseral was transferred from Nedenes county to Lister og Mandal county. Its municipal boundaries have never changed.
Name
The Old Norse form of the name was Old Norse: Ásaráll. The first part of the word is probably the genitive case of áss (m.), meaning "mountain ridge". The last part, áll (m.) means "long strip", probably referring to the long and narrow lake Øre. Historically, the name was spelled Aaserald or Aaseral. Since the early 20th century it has been spelled Åseral.
Coat of arms
The coat of arms was granted on 20 January 1989. The official blazon is "Vert a horseshoe argent" (Norwegian: På grøn grunn ein sølv hestesko). This means the arms have a green field (background) and the charge is a horseshoe. The horseshoe has a tincture of argent which means it is colored white most of the time, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The green color in the field symbolizes the importance of forestry and the horseshoe was chosen to represent the historical importance of horses in the farming culture of Åseral as well as the symbol of good luck.
Churches
The Church of Norway has one parish (sokn) within the municipality of Åseral. It is part of the Otredal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. Until 2019, it was part of the old Mandal prosti.
Government
All municipalities in Norway, including Åseral, are responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of elected representatives, which in turn elect a mayor. The municipality falls under the Agder District Court and the Agder Court of Appeal.
Municipal council
The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Åseral is made up of 17 representatives that are elected to four year terms. Currently, the party breakdown is as follows:
Geography
Åseral is in the central, inland part of Southern Norway. It is in the Setesdalsheiene mountains and adjacent to the Setesdal valley to the northeast. Åseral has many lakes, some of which are dammed for purposes of hydroelectric power. Some of the lakes include Nåvatnet, Juvatn, Øre and Gyvatn. The river Mandalselva and the Mandalen valley both begin in Åseral.
Climate
Attractions
Åseral is a popular winter tourist destination with three ski resorts in the villages of Bortelid, Ljosland, and Eikerapen. Eikerapen is also the site of the annual Eikerapen Roots Festival, an international music festival attracting thousands of people from all over Europe.
Notable people
Lars Knutson Liestøl (1839–1912) a Norwegian politician, Mayor of Bygland in Aust-Agder for 12 years
Knut Liestøl (1881 in Åseral – 1952) a Norwegian folklorist, Nynorsk proponent and politician
References
External links
Media related to Åseral at Wikimedia Commons
The dictionary definition of Åseral at Wiktionary
Vest-Agder travel guide from Wikivoyage
Municipal fact sheet from Statistics Norway (in Norwegian)
|
population
|
{
"answer_start": [
717
],
"text": [
"912"
]
}
|
Åseral is a municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is in the traditional district of Sørlandet. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Kyrkjebygda. Other villages in Åseral include Eikerapen, Kylland, Ljosland, and Åknes.
Åseral is an inland municipality, bordering Bygland municipality to the north and east, Evje og Hornnes to the east, Lyngdal to the south, Hægebostad to the southwest, and Kvinesdal in the west. Åseral is the headwaters of the river Mandalselva and the Mandalen valley.
The 888-square-kilometre (343 sq mi) municipality is the 131st largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Åseral is the 338th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 912. The municipality's population density is 1.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.8/sq mi) and its population has increased by 0% over the previous 10-year period.
General information
For centuries, the large parish of Bjelland encompassed the northern half of the Mandalen valley. The northern annex of the parish was Aaserald which was in the neighboring county of Nedenes while the main part of the parish was in Lister og Mandal county. When the formannskapsdistrikt law went into effect on 1 January 1838, each parish was created as a municipality, however, since Bjelland covered areas in two counties, it had to be split into two municipalities. The northern annex became the municipality of Aaserald (later spelled Åseral) in Nedenes county and the rest became the municipality of Bjelland og Grindum in Lister og Mandal county. On 1 September 1880, the municipality of Åseral was transferred from Nedenes county to Lister og Mandal county. Its municipal boundaries have never changed.
Name
The Old Norse form of the name was Old Norse: Ásaráll. The first part of the word is probably the genitive case of áss (m.), meaning "mountain ridge". The last part, áll (m.) means "long strip", probably referring to the long and narrow lake Øre. Historically, the name was spelled Aaserald or Aaseral. Since the early 20th century it has been spelled Åseral.
Coat of arms
The coat of arms was granted on 20 January 1989. The official blazon is "Vert a horseshoe argent" (Norwegian: På grøn grunn ein sølv hestesko). This means the arms have a green field (background) and the charge is a horseshoe. The horseshoe has a tincture of argent which means it is colored white most of the time, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The green color in the field symbolizes the importance of forestry and the horseshoe was chosen to represent the historical importance of horses in the farming culture of Åseral as well as the symbol of good luck.
Churches
The Church of Norway has one parish (sokn) within the municipality of Åseral. It is part of the Otredal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. Until 2019, it was part of the old Mandal prosti.
Government
All municipalities in Norway, including Åseral, are responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of elected representatives, which in turn elect a mayor. The municipality falls under the Agder District Court and the Agder Court of Appeal.
Municipal council
The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Åseral is made up of 17 representatives that are elected to four year terms. Currently, the party breakdown is as follows:
Geography
Åseral is in the central, inland part of Southern Norway. It is in the Setesdalsheiene mountains and adjacent to the Setesdal valley to the northeast. Åseral has many lakes, some of which are dammed for purposes of hydroelectric power. Some of the lakes include Nåvatnet, Juvatn, Øre and Gyvatn. The river Mandalselva and the Mandalen valley both begin in Åseral.
Climate
Attractions
Åseral is a popular winter tourist destination with three ski resorts in the villages of Bortelid, Ljosland, and Eikerapen. Eikerapen is also the site of the annual Eikerapen Roots Festival, an international music festival attracting thousands of people from all over Europe.
Notable people
Lars Knutson Liestøl (1839–1912) a Norwegian politician, Mayor of Bygland in Aust-Agder for 12 years
Knut Liestøl (1881 in Åseral – 1952) a Norwegian folklorist, Nynorsk proponent and politician
References
External links
Media related to Åseral at Wikimedia Commons
The dictionary definition of Åseral at Wiktionary
Vest-Agder travel guide from Wikivoyage
Municipal fact sheet from Statistics Norway (in Norwegian)
|
language used
|
{
"answer_start": [
4388
],
"text": [
"Nynorsk"
]
}
|
Åseral is a municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is in the traditional district of Sørlandet. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Kyrkjebygda. Other villages in Åseral include Eikerapen, Kylland, Ljosland, and Åknes.
Åseral is an inland municipality, bordering Bygland municipality to the north and east, Evje og Hornnes to the east, Lyngdal to the south, Hægebostad to the southwest, and Kvinesdal in the west. Åseral is the headwaters of the river Mandalselva and the Mandalen valley.
The 888-square-kilometre (343 sq mi) municipality is the 131st largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Åseral is the 338th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 912. The municipality's population density is 1.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.8/sq mi) and its population has increased by 0% over the previous 10-year period.
General information
For centuries, the large parish of Bjelland encompassed the northern half of the Mandalen valley. The northern annex of the parish was Aaserald which was in the neighboring county of Nedenes while the main part of the parish was in Lister og Mandal county. When the formannskapsdistrikt law went into effect on 1 January 1838, each parish was created as a municipality, however, since Bjelland covered areas in two counties, it had to be split into two municipalities. The northern annex became the municipality of Aaserald (later spelled Åseral) in Nedenes county and the rest became the municipality of Bjelland og Grindum in Lister og Mandal county. On 1 September 1880, the municipality of Åseral was transferred from Nedenes county to Lister og Mandal county. Its municipal boundaries have never changed.
Name
The Old Norse form of the name was Old Norse: Ásaráll. The first part of the word is probably the genitive case of áss (m.), meaning "mountain ridge". The last part, áll (m.) means "long strip", probably referring to the long and narrow lake Øre. Historically, the name was spelled Aaserald or Aaseral. Since the early 20th century it has been spelled Åseral.
Coat of arms
The coat of arms was granted on 20 January 1989. The official blazon is "Vert a horseshoe argent" (Norwegian: På grøn grunn ein sølv hestesko). This means the arms have a green field (background) and the charge is a horseshoe. The horseshoe has a tincture of argent which means it is colored white most of the time, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The green color in the field symbolizes the importance of forestry and the horseshoe was chosen to represent the historical importance of horses in the farming culture of Åseral as well as the symbol of good luck.
Churches
The Church of Norway has one parish (sokn) within the municipality of Åseral. It is part of the Otredal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. Until 2019, it was part of the old Mandal prosti.
Government
All municipalities in Norway, including Åseral, are responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of elected representatives, which in turn elect a mayor. The municipality falls under the Agder District Court and the Agder Court of Appeal.
Municipal council
The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Åseral is made up of 17 representatives that are elected to four year terms. Currently, the party breakdown is as follows:
Geography
Åseral is in the central, inland part of Southern Norway. It is in the Setesdalsheiene mountains and adjacent to the Setesdal valley to the northeast. Åseral has many lakes, some of which are dammed for purposes of hydroelectric power. Some of the lakes include Nåvatnet, Juvatn, Øre and Gyvatn. The river Mandalselva and the Mandalen valley both begin in Åseral.
Climate
Attractions
Åseral is a popular winter tourist destination with three ski resorts in the villages of Bortelid, Ljosland, and Eikerapen. Eikerapen is also the site of the annual Eikerapen Roots Festival, an international music festival attracting thousands of people from all over Europe.
Notable people
Lars Knutson Liestøl (1839–1912) a Norwegian politician, Mayor of Bygland in Aust-Agder for 12 years
Knut Liestøl (1881 in Åseral – 1952) a Norwegian folklorist, Nynorsk proponent and politician
References
External links
Media related to Åseral at Wikimedia Commons
The dictionary definition of Åseral at Wiktionary
Vest-Agder travel guide from Wikivoyage
Municipal fact sheet from Statistics Norway (in Norwegian)
|
Quora topic ID
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Åseral"
]
}
|
Åseral is a municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is in the traditional district of Sørlandet. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Kyrkjebygda. Other villages in Åseral include Eikerapen, Kylland, Ljosland, and Åknes.
Åseral is an inland municipality, bordering Bygland municipality to the north and east, Evje og Hornnes to the east, Lyngdal to the south, Hægebostad to the southwest, and Kvinesdal in the west. Åseral is the headwaters of the river Mandalselva and the Mandalen valley.
The 888-square-kilometre (343 sq mi) municipality is the 131st largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Åseral is the 338th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 912. The municipality's population density is 1.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.8/sq mi) and its population has increased by 0% over the previous 10-year period.
General information
For centuries, the large parish of Bjelland encompassed the northern half of the Mandalen valley. The northern annex of the parish was Aaserald which was in the neighboring county of Nedenes while the main part of the parish was in Lister og Mandal county. When the formannskapsdistrikt law went into effect on 1 January 1838, each parish was created as a municipality, however, since Bjelland covered areas in two counties, it had to be split into two municipalities. The northern annex became the municipality of Aaserald (later spelled Åseral) in Nedenes county and the rest became the municipality of Bjelland og Grindum in Lister og Mandal county. On 1 September 1880, the municipality of Åseral was transferred from Nedenes county to Lister og Mandal county. Its municipal boundaries have never changed.
Name
The Old Norse form of the name was Old Norse: Ásaráll. The first part of the word is probably the genitive case of áss (m.), meaning "mountain ridge". The last part, áll (m.) means "long strip", probably referring to the long and narrow lake Øre. Historically, the name was spelled Aaserald or Aaseral. Since the early 20th century it has been spelled Åseral.
Coat of arms
The coat of arms was granted on 20 January 1989. The official blazon is "Vert a horseshoe argent" (Norwegian: På grøn grunn ein sølv hestesko). This means the arms have a green field (background) and the charge is a horseshoe. The horseshoe has a tincture of argent which means it is colored white most of the time, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The green color in the field symbolizes the importance of forestry and the horseshoe was chosen to represent the historical importance of horses in the farming culture of Åseral as well as the symbol of good luck.
Churches
The Church of Norway has one parish (sokn) within the municipality of Åseral. It is part of the Otredal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. Until 2019, it was part of the old Mandal prosti.
Government
All municipalities in Norway, including Åseral, are responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of elected representatives, which in turn elect a mayor. The municipality falls under the Agder District Court and the Agder Court of Appeal.
Municipal council
The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Åseral is made up of 17 representatives that are elected to four year terms. Currently, the party breakdown is as follows:
Geography
Åseral is in the central, inland part of Southern Norway. It is in the Setesdalsheiene mountains and adjacent to the Setesdal valley to the northeast. Åseral has many lakes, some of which are dammed for purposes of hydroelectric power. Some of the lakes include Nåvatnet, Juvatn, Øre and Gyvatn. The river Mandalselva and the Mandalen valley both begin in Åseral.
Climate
Attractions
Åseral is a popular winter tourist destination with three ski resorts in the villages of Bortelid, Ljosland, and Eikerapen. Eikerapen is also the site of the annual Eikerapen Roots Festival, an international music festival attracting thousands of people from all over Europe.
Notable people
Lars Knutson Liestøl (1839–1912) a Norwegian politician, Mayor of Bygland in Aust-Agder for 12 years
Knut Liestøl (1881 in Åseral – 1952) a Norwegian folklorist, Nynorsk proponent and politician
References
External links
Media related to Åseral at Wikimedia Commons
The dictionary definition of Åseral at Wiktionary
Vest-Agder travel guide from Wikivoyage
Municipal fact sheet from Statistics Norway (in Norwegian)
|
Store norske leksikon ID
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Åseral"
]
}
|
Konstantin Pysin (1910–1984) was a Soviet political figure who served as the minister of agriculture between 1962 and 1963. He was a member of the Communist Party and served in different positions in the party.
Early life and education
Pysin was born in Ekaterinovka, Perm Governorate, on 12 December 1910. He studied at a pedagogy college in Kungur, Perm, between 1926 and 1929. He graduated from the Perm Agricultural Institute in 1935.
Career
After graduating from the pedagogy college Pysin worked as a teacher in Vinsk from 1929 to 1931. Then he served as a zootechnician of the regional land department in Perm between 1935 and 1937. He worked as an assistant at the Perm Agricultural Institute from 1938 to 1941.In 1939 he became a member of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks and was deputy secretary of the Perm regional committee of the party from 1943 to 1945. In 1945 he worked as a deputy at the Perm regional executive committee and was the secretary of the Perm regional committee between 1946 and 1947. From 1949 he worked in the Altai branch of the party serving in the regional executive committee (1949–1955). Psyin was a deputy of the Supreme Soviet in the third and fourth convocations between 1950 and 1970. He was the 1st secretary of the Altai regional committee from 1955 to 1961. He served as a member central committee of the Communist Party from 1956 to 1971.In 1961 he was named as the deputy minister of agriculture which he held until 1962. He was appointed minister of agriculture in April 1962, replacing Mikhail Olshanski in the post. Pysin visited the United States for one month from September 1962 to reviews the farmlands in the West and Midwest regions. He was in office until 8 March 1963 when he was removed by Nikita Khrushchev from the post due to the failure in the agricultural production. He served as the inspector of the central committee in 1963. Pysin was named as the first deputy chair of the council of ministers of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic in December 1964, replacing Leonid Maximov in the post. Pysin's tenure lasted until 1971 when he retired from politics and public offices.
Death
Pysin died on 22 January 1984 in Moscow.
Awards
Psyin was the recipient of the Order of Lenin (two times and the Order of the Red Banner of Labor (two times).
References
External links
Media related to Konstantin Pysin at Wikimedia Commons
|
place of death
|
{
"answer_start": [
2209
],
"text": [
"Moscow"
]
}
|
Konstantin Pysin (1910–1984) was a Soviet political figure who served as the minister of agriculture between 1962 and 1963. He was a member of the Communist Party and served in different positions in the party.
Early life and education
Pysin was born in Ekaterinovka, Perm Governorate, on 12 December 1910. He studied at a pedagogy college in Kungur, Perm, between 1926 and 1929. He graduated from the Perm Agricultural Institute in 1935.
Career
After graduating from the pedagogy college Pysin worked as a teacher in Vinsk from 1929 to 1931. Then he served as a zootechnician of the regional land department in Perm between 1935 and 1937. He worked as an assistant at the Perm Agricultural Institute from 1938 to 1941.In 1939 he became a member of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks and was deputy secretary of the Perm regional committee of the party from 1943 to 1945. In 1945 he worked as a deputy at the Perm regional executive committee and was the secretary of the Perm regional committee between 1946 and 1947. From 1949 he worked in the Altai branch of the party serving in the regional executive committee (1949–1955). Psyin was a deputy of the Supreme Soviet in the third and fourth convocations between 1950 and 1970. He was the 1st secretary of the Altai regional committee from 1955 to 1961. He served as a member central committee of the Communist Party from 1956 to 1971.In 1961 he was named as the deputy minister of agriculture which he held until 1962. He was appointed minister of agriculture in April 1962, replacing Mikhail Olshanski in the post. Pysin visited the United States for one month from September 1962 to reviews the farmlands in the West and Midwest regions. He was in office until 8 March 1963 when he was removed by Nikita Khrushchev from the post due to the failure in the agricultural production. He served as the inspector of the central committee in 1963. Pysin was named as the first deputy chair of the council of ministers of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic in December 1964, replacing Leonid Maximov in the post. Pysin's tenure lasted until 1971 when he retired from politics and public offices.
Death
Pysin died on 22 January 1984 in Moscow.
Awards
Psyin was the recipient of the Order of Lenin (two times and the Order of the Red Banner of Labor (two times).
References
External links
Media related to Konstantin Pysin at Wikimedia Commons
|
occupation
|
{
"answer_start": [
509
],
"text": [
"teacher"
]
}
|
Konstantin Pysin (1910–1984) was a Soviet political figure who served as the minister of agriculture between 1962 and 1963. He was a member of the Communist Party and served in different positions in the party.
Early life and education
Pysin was born in Ekaterinovka, Perm Governorate, on 12 December 1910. He studied at a pedagogy college in Kungur, Perm, between 1926 and 1929. He graduated from the Perm Agricultural Institute in 1935.
Career
After graduating from the pedagogy college Pysin worked as a teacher in Vinsk from 1929 to 1931. Then he served as a zootechnician of the regional land department in Perm between 1935 and 1937. He worked as an assistant at the Perm Agricultural Institute from 1938 to 1941.In 1939 he became a member of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks and was deputy secretary of the Perm regional committee of the party from 1943 to 1945. In 1945 he worked as a deputy at the Perm regional executive committee and was the secretary of the Perm regional committee between 1946 and 1947. From 1949 he worked in the Altai branch of the party serving in the regional executive committee (1949–1955). Psyin was a deputy of the Supreme Soviet in the third and fourth convocations between 1950 and 1970. He was the 1st secretary of the Altai regional committee from 1955 to 1961. He served as a member central committee of the Communist Party from 1956 to 1971.In 1961 he was named as the deputy minister of agriculture which he held until 1962. He was appointed minister of agriculture in April 1962, replacing Mikhail Olshanski in the post. Pysin visited the United States for one month from September 1962 to reviews the farmlands in the West and Midwest regions. He was in office until 8 March 1963 when he was removed by Nikita Khrushchev from the post due to the failure in the agricultural production. He served as the inspector of the central committee in 1963. Pysin was named as the first deputy chair of the council of ministers of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic in December 1964, replacing Leonid Maximov in the post. Pysin's tenure lasted until 1971 when he retired from politics and public offices.
Death
Pysin died on 22 January 1984 in Moscow.
Awards
Psyin was the recipient of the Order of Lenin (two times and the Order of the Red Banner of Labor (two times).
References
External links
Media related to Konstantin Pysin at Wikimedia Commons
|
award received
|
{
"answer_start": [
2256
],
"text": [
"Order of Lenin"
]
}
|
Konstantin Pysin (1910–1984) was a Soviet political figure who served as the minister of agriculture between 1962 and 1963. He was a member of the Communist Party and served in different positions in the party.
Early life and education
Pysin was born in Ekaterinovka, Perm Governorate, on 12 December 1910. He studied at a pedagogy college in Kungur, Perm, between 1926 and 1929. He graduated from the Perm Agricultural Institute in 1935.
Career
After graduating from the pedagogy college Pysin worked as a teacher in Vinsk from 1929 to 1931. Then he served as a zootechnician of the regional land department in Perm between 1935 and 1937. He worked as an assistant at the Perm Agricultural Institute from 1938 to 1941.In 1939 he became a member of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks and was deputy secretary of the Perm regional committee of the party from 1943 to 1945. In 1945 he worked as a deputy at the Perm regional executive committee and was the secretary of the Perm regional committee between 1946 and 1947. From 1949 he worked in the Altai branch of the party serving in the regional executive committee (1949–1955). Psyin was a deputy of the Supreme Soviet in the third and fourth convocations between 1950 and 1970. He was the 1st secretary of the Altai regional committee from 1955 to 1961. He served as a member central committee of the Communist Party from 1956 to 1971.In 1961 he was named as the deputy minister of agriculture which he held until 1962. He was appointed minister of agriculture in April 1962, replacing Mikhail Olshanski in the post. Pysin visited the United States for one month from September 1962 to reviews the farmlands in the West and Midwest regions. He was in office until 8 March 1963 when he was removed by Nikita Khrushchev from the post due to the failure in the agricultural production. He served as the inspector of the central committee in 1963. Pysin was named as the first deputy chair of the council of ministers of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic in December 1964, replacing Leonid Maximov in the post. Pysin's tenure lasted until 1971 when he retired from politics and public offices.
Death
Pysin died on 22 January 1984 in Moscow.
Awards
Psyin was the recipient of the Order of Lenin (two times and the Order of the Red Banner of Labor (two times).
References
External links
Media related to Konstantin Pysin at Wikimedia Commons
|
given name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Konstantin"
]
}
|
Konstantin Pysin (1910–1984) was a Soviet political figure who served as the minister of agriculture between 1962 and 1963. He was a member of the Communist Party and served in different positions in the party.
Early life and education
Pysin was born in Ekaterinovka, Perm Governorate, on 12 December 1910. He studied at a pedagogy college in Kungur, Perm, between 1926 and 1929. He graduated from the Perm Agricultural Institute in 1935.
Career
After graduating from the pedagogy college Pysin worked as a teacher in Vinsk from 1929 to 1931. Then he served as a zootechnician of the regional land department in Perm between 1935 and 1937. He worked as an assistant at the Perm Agricultural Institute from 1938 to 1941.In 1939 he became a member of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks and was deputy secretary of the Perm regional committee of the party from 1943 to 1945. In 1945 he worked as a deputy at the Perm regional executive committee and was the secretary of the Perm regional committee between 1946 and 1947. From 1949 he worked in the Altai branch of the party serving in the regional executive committee (1949–1955). Psyin was a deputy of the Supreme Soviet in the third and fourth convocations between 1950 and 1970. He was the 1st secretary of the Altai regional committee from 1955 to 1961. He served as a member central committee of the Communist Party from 1956 to 1971.In 1961 he was named as the deputy minister of agriculture which he held until 1962. He was appointed minister of agriculture in April 1962, replacing Mikhail Olshanski in the post. Pysin visited the United States for one month from September 1962 to reviews the farmlands in the West and Midwest regions. He was in office until 8 March 1963 when he was removed by Nikita Khrushchev from the post due to the failure in the agricultural production. He served as the inspector of the central committee in 1963. Pysin was named as the first deputy chair of the council of ministers of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic in December 1964, replacing Leonid Maximov in the post. Pysin's tenure lasted until 1971 when he retired from politics and public offices.
Death
Pysin died on 22 January 1984 in Moscow.
Awards
Psyin was the recipient of the Order of Lenin (two times and the Order of the Red Banner of Labor (two times).
References
External links
Media related to Konstantin Pysin at Wikimedia Commons
|
languages spoken, written or signed
|
{
"answer_start": [
1985
],
"text": [
"Russian"
]
}
|
Magnitny (Russian: Магнитный) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Zheleznogorsky District of Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population: 1,516 (2021 Census); 1,964 (2010 Census); 2,359 (2002 Census); 2,176 (1989 Census).
== References ==
|
country
|
{
"answer_start": [
10
],
"text": [
"Russia"
]
}
|
The 1964–65 Idaho Vandals men's basketball team represented the University of Idaho during the 1964–65 NCAA University Division basketball season. Charter members of the Big Sky Conference, the Vandals were led by second-year head coach Jim Goddard and played their home games on campus at the Memorial Gymnasium in Moscow, Idaho. They were 6–19 overall and 4–6 in conference play.
References
External links
Sports Reference – Idaho Vandals: 1964–65 basketball season
Gem of the Mountains: 1965 University of Idaho yearbook – 1964–65 basketball season
Idaho Argonaut – student newspaper – 1965 editions
|
home venue
|
{
"answer_start": [
294
],
"text": [
"Memorial Gymnasium"
]
}
|
The 1964–65 Idaho Vandals men's basketball team represented the University of Idaho during the 1964–65 NCAA University Division basketball season. Charter members of the Big Sky Conference, the Vandals were led by second-year head coach Jim Goddard and played their home games on campus at the Memorial Gymnasium in Moscow, Idaho. They were 6–19 overall and 4–6 in conference play.
References
External links
Sports Reference – Idaho Vandals: 1964–65 basketball season
Gem of the Mountains: 1965 University of Idaho yearbook – 1964–65 basketball season
Idaho Argonaut – student newspaper – 1965 editions
|
head coach
|
{
"answer_start": [
237
],
"text": [
"Jim Goddard"
]
}
|
The 1964–65 Idaho Vandals men's basketball team represented the University of Idaho during the 1964–65 NCAA University Division basketball season. Charter members of the Big Sky Conference, the Vandals were led by second-year head coach Jim Goddard and played their home games on campus at the Memorial Gymnasium in Moscow, Idaho. They were 6–19 overall and 4–6 in conference play.
References
External links
Sports Reference – Idaho Vandals: 1964–65 basketball season
Gem of the Mountains: 1965 University of Idaho yearbook – 1964–65 basketball season
Idaho Argonaut – student newspaper – 1965 editions
|
sport
|
{
"answer_start": [
32
],
"text": [
"basketball"
]
}
|
The 1964–65 Idaho Vandals men's basketball team represented the University of Idaho during the 1964–65 NCAA University Division basketball season. Charter members of the Big Sky Conference, the Vandals were led by second-year head coach Jim Goddard and played their home games on campus at the Memorial Gymnasium in Moscow, Idaho. They were 6–19 overall and 4–6 in conference play.
References
External links
Sports Reference – Idaho Vandals: 1964–65 basketball season
Gem of the Mountains: 1965 University of Idaho yearbook – 1964–65 basketball season
Idaho Argonaut – student newspaper – 1965 editions
|
competition class
|
{
"answer_start": [
26
],
"text": [
"men's basketball"
]
}
|
The 1964–65 Idaho Vandals men's basketball team represented the University of Idaho during the 1964–65 NCAA University Division basketball season. Charter members of the Big Sky Conference, the Vandals were led by second-year head coach Jim Goddard and played their home games on campus at the Memorial Gymnasium in Moscow, Idaho. They were 6–19 overall and 4–6 in conference play.
References
External links
Sports Reference – Idaho Vandals: 1964–65 basketball season
Gem of the Mountains: 1965 University of Idaho yearbook – 1964–65 basketball season
Idaho Argonaut – student newspaper – 1965 editions
|
season of club or team
|
{
"answer_start": [
12
],
"text": [
"Idaho Vandals"
]
}
|
Sierraperla cora, known generally as the giant roachfly or Italian garlic, is a species of roach-like stonefly in the family Peltoperlidae. It is found in North America.
== References ==
|
taxon rank
|
{
"answer_start": [
80
],
"text": [
"species"
]
}
|
Sierraperla cora, known generally as the giant roachfly or Italian garlic, is a species of roach-like stonefly in the family Peltoperlidae. It is found in North America.
== References ==
|
parent taxon
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Sierraperla"
]
}
|
Sierraperla cora, known generally as the giant roachfly or Italian garlic, is a species of roach-like stonefly in the family Peltoperlidae. It is found in North America.
== References ==
|
taxon name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Sierraperla cora"
]
}
|
Catocala svetlana is a moth in the family Erebidae. It is found in China (Fujian).
== References ==
|
parent taxon
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Catocala"
]
}
|
Catocala svetlana is a moth in the family Erebidae. It is found in China (Fujian).
== References ==
|
taxon name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Catocala svetlana"
]
}
|
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