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Source Rocks for Gases from Gas Hydrate and Their Burial Depth in the Qilian Mountain Permafrost, Qinghai: Results from Thermal Stimulation | The composition and isotope ratio of gases from gas hydrate and organic geochemistry of mudstone, oil shale, and coal within a gas hydrate-bearing interval in the Qilian Mountain permafrost suggest that gases from gas hydrate are derived from the deep, but the lithology and burial depth of source rocks for gases from gas hydrate are not yet known. In this study, samples of mudstone, oil shale, and coal were analyzed with thermal stimulation within the gas hydrate-bearing interval in the Qilian Mountain permafrost. Results showed that gas composition and carbon isotopes of hydrocarbon gases thermally stimulated from mudstone at temperatures of 350–400 °C and from oil shale at temperatures of 380–400 °C are similar to those of gases from gas hydrate, indicating that the deep mudstone and oil shale are potential source rocks for gases from gas hydrate. The gas composition of hydrocarbon gases thermally stimulated from coal was similar to that of gas hydrate, but their carbon isotope values were very differen... | Chili Sundari, Farmers Innovation So Superior Product Lembor Village, Brondong District, Lamongan Regency, East Java Province is a blessing for the people of Lembor village, because of the innovation of this product, the potential of the village can be done and explored more deeply and systematically. The type of research used is quantitative research. Quantitative research is a research by collecting data that is numerical then using statistical procedures to obtain information behind the image. The location of this research is Lembor Village, Brondong District, Lamongan Regency, East Java Province, where the data used in this research are primary and secondary data. Primary data in this research is questionnaire. The increase of new superior product type make a big impact on Chili farm sector so that it can increase the production of chili farming. And theoretically the economy can improve the welfare of farmers with increased income perkapital farmers | eng_Latn | 28,100 |
Discuss the Collectivity Planning Idea of Wuxi Urban Farm in Jangsu Province | Urban farm is a type of city agriculture entity in the course. According the discussion about the collectivity planning idea and content of Wuxi urban farm, it is pointed out that the planning of urban farm in our country must definitude the direction, and establish correlate measures to local conditions for accelerating the upgrading of region agriculture industry and increasing the farmers' earnings. It is referable significance to guide the planning of urban farm and accelerate the development of modernization agriculture in the Changjiang River delta area. | The arrangement of development system of Yuanjiacun Iron Ore Mine is analyzed.The system increases remarkably the mining capability thus obtains better economic benefits. | eng_Latn | 28,101 |
Investment Models with Uniform Debt Repayment and Their Application | In previous chapters, we have established investment models with debt repayment at the end of the project, well proven in the analysis of real investment projects. In practice, however, a scheme of uniform debt repayment during the duration of the project is more extended. In this chapter, we describe new investment models with uniform debt repayment during the duration of the investment project, quite adequately describing real investment projects. Within these models it is possible, in particular, to analyze the dependence of effectiveness of investment projects on debt financing and taxation. We will work on the modern theory of capital cost and capital structure developed by Brusov–Filatova–Orekhova (Brusov and Filatova 2011; Brusov et al. 2011a, b, c, 2012a, b, 2013a, b, 2014a, b; Filatova et al. 2008; Brusova 2011) as well as on perpetuity limit (Мodigliani and Мiller 1958, 1963, 1966). | The problem of sustainable development and the role of universities of resources, which is the scientific and educational base of the mining industry is discussed. Assessment of management effectiveness of national total capital leading mining countries in the OECD and BRICS is given. On the basis of the Hartwick-Solow criterion proposed investment areas of mineral rents in natural, produced and human capital. The main tasks of the universities resources for the sustainable development of countries with large reserves of mineral resources updated. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n2s4p157 | eng_Latn | 28,102 |
Circumcision with the Chinese Shang Ring in children:Outcomes of 824 cases | Objective:To observe the clinical effects of using the Chinese Shang RingTM in circumcising children with either phimosis or redundant prepuce,and to investigate its superiority over the similar devices available.Methods:A total of 824 children with phimosis or redundant prepuce underwent circumcision with the Shang Ring.The clinical data were assessed concerning the duration of the procedure,incidence of post-operative complications,time of recovery and appearance of the penis.Results:The procedure duration was(2.6±1.2)min,and the complications included infection in 4(0.6%),edema in 21(3.2%),delayed removal of the ring in 10(1.5%),redundant and asymmetric mucosa attributable to performance in 6(0.9%)of the cases.The wounds healed and the rings were removed at 13.4±5.8 days after circumcision,with well-smoothed incision and good cosmetic results.Conclusion:Child circumcision with the Chinese Shang Ring is easy and simple in performance,with less operative time,fewer complications and better cosmetic results. | With Sangangping project area in Luding County Sichuan Province as an example,by using empirical analysis,layer analysis and overlay analysis methods,the relationship between natural factors and land use planning in project area was analyzed,which will provide basis for scientific and reasonable land planning.The results showed that there are 34.0 hm2 suitable for planning paddy field,account for 42%;there are 22.2 hm2 suitable for planning vegetable land,account for 27%;there are 11.6 hm2 suitable for planning garden plot,account for 14%;there are 13.7 hm2 suitable for planning dry land,account for 17%.The results through the overlay analysis accordingly with the local practice can provide the academic gist for local government and the owners. | eng_Latn | 28,103 |
Study of Geophysical Prospecting Anomaly Characteristics in Caihuagou Copper Deposit,Xinjiang Province | Caihuagou copper deposit lies in east part of south Tianshan,which is situated in south Tianshan in late Paleozoic epicontinental basin of north Talimu active belt.The bed is in strong-silicify mid-acidity lava of Lower Devonian Aerbishimaibulake formation.The bed has five mineralized alteration zones protrude above the soil from north to south,approximately parallel to each other.It is a volcano-erupt,sediment,nubbly and copper-contained pyrite bed.On the basis of overview of geological features and deposit genesis,the authors analyze anomaly characteristics of TEM and prospecting criteria,point out that northwestern deposit is favorable location of further exploration. | The specific geographic position and plateau climate endow Changdu area in Tibet unique tourist landscape and abundant eco-tourist resources. In detail, the area with sufficient sources of tourist possesses the basic conditions of reception, transportation and communication to develop eco-tourism. The paper introduces the background of eco-tourism development in the area and elaborates the principle and developmental scheme for tourist products. | eng_Latn | 28,104 |
Religion and urban policy for South Asia: where next? | Religion and Urbanism contributes to an expanded understanding of 'sustainable cities' in South Asia by demonstrating the multiple, and often conflicting ways in which religion enables or challenges socially equitable and ecologically sustainable urbanisation in the region. In particular, this collection focuses on two aspects that must inform the sustainable cities discourse in South Asia: the intersections of religion and urban heritage, and religion and various aspects of informality. This book makes a much-needed contribution to the nexus between religion and urban planning for researchers, postgraduate students and policy makers in Sustainable Development, Development Studies, Urban Studies, Religious Studies, Asian Studies, Heritage Studies and Urban and Religious Geography. | The problem of sustainable development and the role of universities of resources, which is the scientific and educational base of the mining industry is discussed. Assessment of management effectiveness of national total capital leading mining countries in the OECD and BRICS is given. On the basis of the Hartwick-Solow criterion proposed investment areas of mineral rents in natural, produced and human capital. The main tasks of the universities resources for the sustainable development of countries with large reserves of mineral resources updated. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n2s4p157 | eng_Latn | 28,105 |
Study on soil animal community structures in two different habitat of Dabaoshan mining area in Guangdong province | This paper studied the soil animal community structures in abandoned field and utility area in Dabaoshan of Shaoguan from April to July.125 soil animals were collected which subordinated to 2 Phylums,7 Classes,11 Orders in all.The dominate populations were Collembola,Hymenoptera,Acaraina and Opiliones.The common populations were Oligoehaeta,Symphyla,Thysanoptera.The total number and species of soil animals in utility area were more than that of in abandoned field.The diversity index H and the evenness index in utility area were higher than that of in the abandoned field,the dominance index in the abandoned field was higher than that of in utility area.About the similarity index:the vegetable land and abandoned field were moderately similar.the results showed that different soil pollution affected the number and species of soil animals. | Through elaborating the protection status of the Nanxun old town,it shows basic thinking of the protection for old town.From aspects of architectures and environment,management system and protection mode and other aspects,it explores and discusses problems existing in the protection and redevelopment of the Nanxun old town,and puts forward reasonable suggestions,which has profound significance for building the cityscape with local characteristics. | eng_Latn | 28,106 |
Traditional knowledge of ethnomedicine in Jaunsar-bawar, Dehradun district | In Jaunsar-bawar area (Chakrata tehsil o f Dehrad un di stric t). differe nt kinds of med ica l prac titi oners (pries ts. mag icians, exorcists and quacks) abou nd . Many cures are e ffec ted by o ne o r more persons treating a single patie nt at a time or in succession. In trad itio na l soc ie ti es. herbali sts and midwives freq uently acqu ire their skill s from their mothers o r o ther c lose re lati ves. In most of these rura l societies, the ir loca lities are a lmost bere ft of modern health facilities. In such a s ituation. they use their traditi onal know ledge about the locall y availabl e plants to c ure many di seases. In this paper. an attempt has been made to see how these e thnomed icines are useful in Jaunsar-bawar to mainta in the ir healthy life. | The paper describes the building process beauty country,assess environment of rural human settlement of Jubao bay after construction in the method of the Post-Occupancy Evaluation construction completion.Investigate that is related to users,in order to appraisal to environment of rural human settlement of Jubao bay of Jiaxing city.In finally,proved the result of country planning practice of Jubao bay in the aspect of uesrs. | eng_Latn | 28,107 |
Analysis of bone mineral density in normal people in Lanzhou area | Objective To investigatr the BMD and the incidence of osreoporosis (OP) in Lanzhou area and provide scientific basis for diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis. Methods 1212 cases aged 20-85 were obtained from healthy adults in Lanzhu area.their BMDof L 1-4 and upper femur (Neck Ward's Troch)were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA). Then was analyzed by 10 years a group of male and female respectively. Results The peak of males and females was found in age group of 30-39 and BMD decreased with age during 50-59 yeaysof age,the BMD of females dropped obviously. After the age of 50, the incidence of osteoporosis in Ward's area was 12.1% in men,and 46.7% in women. Conclusion BMD decreases with dge,and the incidence of osteoporosis increases with age. The incidence of osteoporosis in females is higher than that in males. | Based on a large number of results that coal geological exploration and coal-bed methane test of well,combined with laboratory test data,calculated desorption rate,theoretical recovery rate and gas recovery of coalbed methane to determine recoverable coalbed methane coefficient of Hebei Province,to provide basis of coalbed methane recoverable resources calculation of the province. | eng_Latn | 28,108 |
Evaluation of fly ash, apatite and rice straw derived-biochar in varying combinations for in situ remediation of soils contaminated with multiple heavy metals | ABSTRACTIn-situ sorbent amendment is a relatively low-cost, low-impact approach for remediation of soil contaminated with heavy metals (HMs), and thus is considered a way to be favored in developin... | Malaria control by chemotherapy has been established in rural villages of Guadalcanal, the Solomon Islands, following field trials. As a selective primary health care activity, mobile unit teams visited villages once or twice a year to detect malaria positives and gave chloroquine and primaquine to treat the infection and interrupt the transmission. On site diagnosis was by the use of acridine orange fluorescent staining or the ICTPf commercial diagnostic kit. To avoid possible haemolytic crises, a new single step screening method of G6PD deficiency was introduced. This approach has been accepted well by villagers and proved to be an efficient and feasible control method even in remote rural villages with endemic malaria transmission. Epidemiological modelling of the situation predicts reduction of prevalence in five years. | eng_Latn | 28,109 |
Cactus Pear (Opuntia ficus-indica L.) in Tigray, North Ethiopia: History, potential and challenges (Review paper) | Cactus pear which is known as ‘Beles’ in Tigray northern Ethiopia, is adapted to arid and semiarid areas and is used for several purposes like sources of food, fuel, feed, sources of income soil conservation for the people of the area. However, this crucial fruit crop is given little attention in its research and improvements. Let alone its improving through breeding techniques takes place for this crop, the number of cactus verities grown is unknown, agronomic techniques are very traditional. On top of this, there could be a probability that this plant to be a weed in the future unless proper management is practiced. Other than the improper cultivation and interventions, cactus has multiple newly introduced and old biological pests. Among the many biological pests, Cochineal is newly introduced biological pest and explosively expanding from the southern part of Tigray to the remaining part of the region. Keywords : Cactus Pear, improvement, uses, challenges, opportunities | Mr. President, members and guests: I am delighted to be here to introduce Iain Pitcairn for this prestigious award. Iain comes from Scotland, and ventured south to Southampton to do a Ph.D. with Damon Teagle. He very quickly ended up going much farther south, to New Zealand, to do the field work for his Ph.D., and that is where I first met him. He was based in my department in Otago for the duration of that field work, and I quickly came to realize that he was definitely the right man for the job in hand. ::: ::: Iain’s project involved attacking an old problem from an entirely new direction. The concept of metamorphic fluids scavenging metals from the crust and producing orogenic gold deposits has been around for a long time. It was variably invoked or ignored in genetic models, depending on people’s whims, and it remained … | eng_Latn | 28,110 |
Lod airport (now Ben Gurion International Airport) serves which Asian city? | Ben Gurion International Airport – Travel guide at Wikivoyage Security[ edit ] The airport is one of the most secure airports in the world, given its location. It's advisable to budget at least an additional two hours on top of your pre-flight check-in time to ensure timely arrival and completion of security procedures. Airport security is especially suspicious of travellers with Muslim names or visas from Islamic countries in their passports. Expect to be stopped and questioned for several hours if this is the case, both on the way in and on the way out. It would be wise to have some phone numbers of local contacts for security officials to call to verify your reasons for visiting. The most evident security check is pre-check-in. Bag inspection, both by machine and hand, is routine and should be expected, in addition to repeated interviews about your time in Israel. (Optional; should you go through it, you will be escorted to skip regular security check). If travelling as part of a group, they will usually question you separately before cross-checking your accounts. On joining the queue for this security check, a security official will ask you several questions. Based on these (and what appears to be racial profiling) and a brief inspection of your passport, you will be assigned a number from 1 to 6. 1 signifies the lowest security concern and 6 the highest. Foreigners will typically get between a 3 and a 6. Age, appearance, stamps from Arab countries, evidence of visits to Palestinian areas, and other vague factors will be taken into account. Depending on the number you get (stuck on your passport and luggage), the security check is more or less thorough. Travellers who have visited Palestinian areas will almost certainly receive a 5 or 6 (but you can also get a 5 if you have never been to Israel before, and are of European descent). With a 5 or a 6, you can expect every single item of luggage to be taken from your bag and inspected in detail. Security officials have been known to check individual bank-notes. With a 6 (but sometimes even 5 if they have time), you can also expect to be taken to a cubicle and asked to remove your belt and shoes and have a personal inspection. If your clothes contain any metal that would set off a detector (such as studs in your jeans or a zip) even if plainly visible on the outside, you will be asked to remove the item of clothing. Travellers are regularly prevented from taking mobile phones, laptops, and even shoes in their hand-luggage, although there is no consistency, with reports of one policy one week and another the next week. Arguing about such invasive checks is almost always fruitless and security reasons are the only ones that are ever cited. Though encouraging tourism, Israeli authorities would answer to criticism by angry travellers that Israel is a prime target of many international terrorist groups, and that people who are looking for sun with no security checks should rather head to Canary Islands. The security check process can be very irritating, but it is one of the factors which makes TLV one of the safest airports in the world. Unlike in many other countries, airport security staff is quite intelligent. They will be looking at how you answer questions as much as what you say. Also, over-careful procedures like removing shoes and throwing out liquids, which are standard in Western airports, tend to be lessened at Ben Gurion. In addition, when driving to the airport, there is a security checkpoint on the road several minutes before you arrive. Expect your taxi to be stopped, and have your passports, tickets, and answers for some questions (how long have you been in Israel, where are you going...) ready. Note that these unusual security measures are undertaken for your and other passengers' safety and security. Keep your cool in what can be a frustrating time - it really is done with the best intentions, if not always the most elegant execution. Just because the person in front of you seemed to get waved on through while they seem to concentrate on you, don't think this | Precious stones: Ruby deposits, geology, exploration, mining, use: Part V Precious Stones RUBY OCCURRENCE Krat, the capital of the province, lies not far from Chantabun, in a south-south-easterly direction, and is on the seacoast. The mines of this region ware scattered over a wide area, and ware divided into two groups thirty miles apart. Those of one group ware known as the mines of Bo Nawang, and of the other as the mines of Bo Channa. The mines of Bo Nawang, situated in the neighborhood of the village of Nawang covered an area of about two square miles. They ware small pits, 2 to 4 feet deep, sunk in coarse yellow or brown sand, which extends over a wide stretch of country and overlies a bed of day. The rubies ware found at the base of the sand in a layer of material 6 to 10 inches thick. As elsewhere in Siam they ware accompanied by sapphires: and, though small, are said to be superior to rubies from other Siamese localities. The mines have only been systematically worked since the year 1875. The mines of Bo Channa lie about thirty miles to the northeast of the other group, and ware scattered over an area about a mile square. The ruby-bearing sand was 6 to 24 inches thick, and a few of the mines reached a depth of 24 feet. Natives ware of opinion that the stones have been washed down by the river from the Kao Sam Nam, and many fine stones ware reported to have been found in the rivers rising in this mountain. The mines have been worked since 1885, always under unfavorable conditions due to the unhealthiness of the climate. Between the provinces of Chantabun and Krat lies the ruby district of the sub-province of Muang Klung (or shortly Klung). It is situated to the northeast of the town of Chantabun, and is reached after traversing twelve miles of rough road. The center of the district, which extends for a distance of seven miles, is the small Burmese village of Ban Yat. The valleys of this district are from 600 to 800 feet above sea level, while the hills dividing them have an elevation of 500 feet more. The gem mines ware situated in the valleys and on the sides of the hills. All the valleys are traversed by small streams, affluents of the river Ven, upon the banks of which narrow patches of alluvium are laid down. It is these alluvial deposits, which ware worked for gems. No alluvium is laid down in the upper part of the valleys, since here the streams are too rapid; it is only in the lower and wider parts that the streams are sufficiently slow to lay down it deposit. These small patches of alluvium ware worked only in the dry season; in the wet season the miners confined their attention to the deposits on the sides of the hills, which lie above the present high-water level of the streams. These deposits overlie a trap-rock of the nature of basalt, which is the principal, if not the sole, constituent of the hill ranges. The gem-gravels are made up of fragments of this rock, and the separating layer of tenacious gray, brown, or yellow clay is also, in all probability, a decomposition product of the same rock. On these grounds it was concluded that the basaltic trap-rock is the mother-rock of the ruby; this conclusion, however, was wrong as further evidence demonstrates. The gem-bearing layer varies in thickness from 10 inches to 5 feet, and is overlain by a sandy and clayey deposit from 5 1/2 to 12 feet thick, containing no precious stones. In the clayey gravel are found ruby and sapphire, as well as common corundum; quartz, in good transparent crystals, and crystals of zircon and ilmenite are abundant, while topaz is very rare. Of these minerals, the first two only are commercially valuable and sought after by the miners. Rubies are much more frequently met with than are sapphires, the occurrence being in the proportion of about two to one. Good specimens of both are rare, the rubies being pale in color and lacking in luster, while the sapphires are opaque and dull. The Burmese method of working the deposits was very simple. Small parties of three or four men working together were sinking a pit, usually about 4 fe | eng_Latn | 28,111 |
Elsewhere the granitic soils are heavily leached and very infertile , supporting a dry forest vegetation before clearing for pastures . | They supported dry forest vegetation before clearing for farming . | The only traces left of the later occupation during the Gravettian include a child 's footprints , the charred remains of ancient hearths and carbon smoke stains from torches that lit the caves . | eng_Latn | 28,112 |
(Jeff Probst delivers the clue from Vanuatu, location of Survivor 9.) Using vines tied around their ankles, the land divers of Pentecost Island may have inspired this sport | Land diving: The ancient ritual that sees men hurtle to the ground ... Jul 9, 2014 ... Dicing with death: The ancient ritual that sees men hurtle to earth wearing just a VINE ... tall wooden tower with nothing but vines wrapped around their ankles. ... land diving, ancient ritual land diving, Naghol, Naghol, free falling from land ... their own platform and select their own vine so no one else can be... | Salt Mines - Switzerland Tourism The salt mines are accessible to visitors, a museum depicts the mining of salt from ... The salt deposits of Bex in the Canton of Vaud are derived from the salt of this sea. ... A small mine train takes visitors into the subterranean world and to the .... South Africa, Suomi, Sverige, Taiwan, Thailand, Indonesia, Country not listed? | eng_Latn | 28,113 |
From the Malay word for unhusked rice, it's a field where rice is grown | Paddy field - Wikipedia A paddy field is a flooded parcel of arable land used for growing semiaquatic rice. Paddy ... The word "paddy" is derived from the Malay word padi, rice plant. ..... Paddy field are typically found on Peninsular Malaysia, in most of its regions. | jeopardy/1060_Qs.txt at master jedoublen/jeopardy GitHub COWBOYS & INDIANS | A Nebraska brick was a square of prairie turf used to build this type of house | a sod house. right: John. Wrong: Value: $200. Number: 21. | eng_Latn | 28,114 |
What form of metal was developed and exported from southern India? | Most of the subcontinent was conquered by the Maurya Empire during the 4th and 3rd centuries BCE. From the 3rd century BC onwards Prakrit and Pali literature in the north and the Sangam literature in southern India started to flourish. Wootz steel originated in south India in the 3rd century BC and was exported to foreign countries. Various parts of India were ruled by numerous dynasties for the next 1,500 years, among which the Gupta Empire stands out. This period, witnessing a Hindu religious and intellectual resurgence, is known as the classical or "Golden Age of India". During this period, aspects of Indian civilization, administration, culture, and religion (Hinduism and Buddhism) spread to much of Asia, while kingdoms in southern India had maritime business links with the Roman Empire from around 77 CE. Indian cultural influence spread over many parts of Southeast Asia which led to the establishment of Indianized kingdoms in Southeast Asia (Greater India). | The Romans liked bright colors, and many Roman villas were decorated with vivid red murals. The pigment used for many of the murals was called vermilion, and it came from the mineral cinnabar, a common ore of mercury. It was one of the finest reds of ancient times – the paintings have retained their brightness for more than twenty centuries. The source of cinnabar for the Romans was a group of mines near Almadén, southwest of Madrid, in Spain. Working in the mines was extremely dangerous, since mercury is highly toxic; the miners were slaves or prisoners, and being sent to the cinnabar mines was a virtual death sentence. | eng_Latn | 28,115 |
Gather Earthworms Without Digging | Are you ready to go on that big fishing trip you've been waiting for, but don't have any worms? Or you don't want to buy them? Don't worry, you can get worms without even digging for them. | Have you ever gone mining in Minecraft, only for your attempts for anything good be futile? Just stone? Well, throw away that wooden pickaxe as this teaches you how to find any ore there is! | eng_Latn | 28,116 |
The Study of Statn on the Heavy Metal in the Liu Shen Wan and INteract with Organic Constitnents | Objective: The determination of soluble arseniic in the Liu Shen Wan and each in Chinese Medicinal Herbs, synthesis of cysteine—arsenic(Ⅲ) complex. Method: The contents of soluble arsenic have been determined with DDC-Ag method. chemosythesis of cysteine-arsenic(Ⅲ) complex. Result: Cysteine-arsenic(Ⅲ) complex were obtained. Toxicology As 2O 3 LD 50 =150 mg/kg, cysteine-arsenic(Ⅲ) complex LD 50 =650 mg/kg. Condusion: The contents of trace arsenic except of Liu Shen Wan and realagr, each one in Chinese Medicinal Herbs too contentstrace arsenic. The complex of cysteine—arsenic(Ⅲ) is sythcisized. The results of toxicooology showed that toxic of complex expressly is lower than that in As 2O 3. The results showed that cysteine antagonsim of toxic of arsenic. | JIN Sheng tan played an important role in the all round development of aesthetics in novels by giving a thorough discussion centered on the ontology?theory of literary creation?theory of the character and the plot of novels.He put forward a series of aesthetics propositions bravely by using the grammar coherence of literary theory,and the theory and method of epistemology in dialectics,thus making up a complete aesthetics system and pushing it forward to a new height. | eng_Latn | 28,117 |
Comprehansive Auxiliary Technology of Producting 4.6 Mt in Fully-mechanized Coal Caving under Homemade Equipment Condition | From improvement of hoist technology,application of production technology,technological management of mechanical and electrical equipment,this paper introduces some technology measures that secound team of Wangzhuang coal mine produces 4.6Mt in per year,practice provds that fully-mechanized caol caving production comprehansive auxiliary technology is scientific under homemade equipment condition,there are good economic and society performance. | The lake sediments have registered the information of palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironment in the lake itself and the regional scale. This also leads to a complexity in study of the palaeolimnology by all kinds of proxies. How to purify these proxies to indicate the palaeoclimate has become a problem to be solved. Most of the proxies can qualitively identify the percentage of allochthonous and autochthonous organic components, e.g. δ13corg CD/TC. The model introduced in this note has provided a method of quantitatively calculating the amount of allochthonous organic carbon. As for determination of regulating parameters, i.e. A1 and As, further work is still in need. | eng_Latn | 28,118 |
Mineralogical study of Kemaman coastal sediments off Terengganu, Malaysia | The study was conducted to determine the mineral contents and the textural classes of the Kemaman coastal sediments. The samples were collected using Smith Mc Intyre grab on board KL PAUS ship owned by the Fishery Department, Malaysia. The sediments were collected from 12 stations and were analysed for mineral contents and textural classes of sediments. The result of X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that quartz component was the dominant mineral in most of the stations, while other minerals, such as feldspar, illite, kaolinite, montmorillonite, chlorite and vermiculite, were found to be in trace amounts. For the textural class, two textural classes of the sediments were identified as sand and sandy loam. Sand texture was mostly found in the nearshore area while sandy loam was found in the offshore area. | There are two models of automatic analyzer of permanganate index in our water quality automatic monitoring station.One was produced by SERES Company in France, the other was produced by ZEAN Company in German.The similarities and differences of structure,performance and operation between the two models of analyzer were compared.The good suggestions of maintenance and operation were given. | eng_Latn | 28,119 |
How non-ferromagnetic Mn enhances the magnetization of SmCo7 based alloys | This work was focused on the effects of Mn doping on the phase stability and magnetic performance of SmCo7 based alloys. Particularly, the role of Mn in the improvement of the magnetization of the SmCo7 matrix, as well as its mechanisms, was examined in detail. The metastable SmCo7 single phase was well stabilized by the appropriate content of Mn doping and nanostructuring of the alloy. It was discovered that the non-ferromagnetic element Mn can enhance magnetization effectively. By tailoring the Mn content and nanostructuring, the prepared SmCo7−xMnx alloy achieved good comprehensive magnetic properties. The mechanisms for the magnetization enhancement by Mn and the coupled effect of Mn doping and nanostructuring on the magnetic properties were proposed based on the characterization of magnetic structures and the model calculations of magnetic moments. | In this paper,soil sample of Jinkeng region in Suichuan was taken as research object,the geochemical data of metal elements which include Au,Ag,As,Sb,Cu,Pb,Zn,W,Bi and Sn were analyzed.The normal distribution data was formed by using probabilistic statistical analysis to exclude special high and low value.The abnormal range of 10 metal elements was delineated by using spatial analysis of MAPGIS,and the factors which influence abnormal range were reduced by using principal component analysis.Finally the distribution characteristics of 10 metal elements in soil were mapped.The results show that the geochemical differences of Au,Ag,Cu,Pb,Zn take on intensive distribution,and it will provide powerful support for further investigation. | eng_Latn | 28,120 |
Pest risk assessment of Dendroctonus valens, Hyphantria cunea and Apriona swainsoni in Beijing | According to the international methods of pest risk analysis and urban forestry characteristics in Beijing, a quantitative risk assessment system in Beijing for three primary non-indigenous pests was proposed. This system was used to analyze three major non-indigenous species, Dendroctonus valens, Hyphantria cunea, and Apriona swainsoni. The results show that the risks of these three pests in the Beijing area were 2.46, 2.30, and 2.02, which were all highly risky. Based on the result and extensive risk communications, combined with the management experience of the Beijing Forest Protection Station, the authors proposed some effective control measures to prevent the invasion of the three pests into Beijing. | IntroductionThird body wear caused by contaminated bearing environment with debris that may have been generated by a worn or fractured revised bearing coupling, but also originated by generation of metal/cement particles during the primary or revision surgery, may be a relevant issue for the implant life.ObjectivesTo evaluate the wear behavior of a last generation alumina matrix ceramic composite (AMC) bearing in a worst case scenario consisting of highly contaminated test lubricant with alumina particles in a hip joint simulator study.MethodsAMC (BIOLOX®delta - Group 1) and alumina (BIOLOX®forte - Group 2) liners with an internal diameter of 32mm were articulated against AMC BIOLOX®OPTION heads (all CeramTec GmbH, Plochingen). Coarse alumina particles (D(50):60µm) and fine alumina particles (D(50):0.30µm) with a concentration of 48mg/ml were used as environmental contamination of the first 2mlc and the second 2mlc, respectively. All components were tested according to ISO14242-1(2012) using the EndoLab®h... | eng_Latn | 28,121 |
Plans research of Shenyang hub's manipulation in Beijing-Shenyang passenger dedicated line(revised) | Starting from the overall arrangement of Shenyang hub and its relationship with the existing and planning road network,this paper studies three manipulation schemes: Shenyang south railway station,Shenyang railway station and Shenyang north railway station.After comparing them extensively and comprehensively,the manipulation scheme in Shenyang north railway station along the newly-built double-line Shenyang-Shanhaiguan line was recommended. | The characteristics of spatial distribution of heavy metals in the surface sediments of Lianyungang nearshore area in Jiangsu Province have been analyzed.28 surface sediments sample were collected.It was found that the main pollutant in each region was Cu,the sequence was As, Cd,Pb,and the pollution of Hg is lower relatively.The main influence of pollutant concentration distribution was caused by Linhong River,Alkali Factory's outlet and the West Dam Program.Compared with the Program in 1985,the pollution of heavy metals such as Pb and Cd,was slighter,while the pollution of Cu and As was more serious.Among these regions,the quality of sediments in the Alkali Factory was poorest,indicating that the pollution was getting from bad to worse. | eng_Latn | 28,122 |
THE EFFECT OF COPPER IN DIFFERENT FORMS AND LEVELS OF SUPPLEMENTATION IN FEED FOR YOUNG PIGS OVER SOME PRODUCTIVE INDICES | For this experiment were used 75 crossbreeds pigs Large White x Landrace, starting at the age of two months to eight moths. The 75 pigs were divided in five equal groups: group C–6 mg Cu; group E 11 -250 mg Cu; group E 12 - - 250 mg Cu under kelateted form of solubile phosphatic glass; group E 21 -250 mg Cu; group E 22 -125 mg Cu under the form of sulphate.The supplement of copper in the feed of young pigs has determined a significant raise in growth level with 8,5 – 11 % in cases of supplementation with 125 mg Cu.The best results in the case of growing levels have been obtaind in the portions in witch we have used chelated copper.Specific consumption was with 5 % lower that that in witch we supplement copper. | This article discussed the distribution of major and trace elements of peat in Yuanchi,Changbai Mountain.Four profiles were collected with Wardenaar peat sampler produced in Netherlands.Each sample was cut into 1～2 cm at the present.As far as the special physical conditions in Yuanchi are concerned,the content of major and trace elements(Na、K、Mg、Ca、 Al、Ti、Fe、Mn、Zn、Pb、Cu)were determined among different peat bogs.The elements distribution with depth in each peat profile was fully analyzed.Also we have analyzed the enrichment of different elements in peat profiles.Through the calculated M/Ti(M refers to Na、K、Mg、Ca、 Al、Ti、Fe、Mn、Zn、Pb、Cu) ratio,compared with ratio of M/Ti collected from literature,we concluded the differences among different peat bogs.The increasing content of Mn、Zn and Pb from bottom to top in peat profiles proves the increasing pollution of them in present environment,which has profound implications for environment. | yue_Hant | 28,123 |
PREPARING THE BR SOUTH WALES MAIN LINE FOR 200 KM/H | The cut-and-fill construction of British Railways South Wales line in the 1890s has given rise to unstable embankments and the geology of the area presented drainage problems. To prepare for operation of high speed trains, extensive rehabilitation was undertaken. This involved reballasting, some with bitumen spraying; substantial track lifts in some areas; repair or installation of drains; and raising or removal of overpasses to permit the raising of track. The procedures for this project are described. | Rainwater is not readily available to sandy loam Ghanaian ferric lixisols. In an attempt ::: to increase water availability to Nyankpala ferric lixisols, their impervious iron pan was broken. ::: Average yield (number of bags) of maize from ferric lexisol with ironpan broken was compared ::: with that with iron pan unbroken. At an average annual rainfall of 64.125 to 106.775 mm for ::: Nyampkala, ferric lexisol with or without iron pan broken yielded similar quantity (20-25bgs/ha) of ::: maize. Breaking of ironpan alone cannot increase water availability to Nyankpala ferric lixisols. ::: Measures other than the breaking of iron pan are needed to increase water availability to ::: ferreiclesisols and similar soils. Research into sustainable technologies such as permanent ::: amendments for increased soil water availability to ferric lixisol and similar soils is required | yue_Hant | 28,124 |
LEVELS OF TRACE METALS AND EFFECT OF BODY SIZE ON METAL CONTENT OF THE LANDSNAIL LEVANTINA HIEROSYLIMA FROM THE WEST BANK–PALESTINE | Levels of four trace metals (Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) were determined in the landsnail Levantina hierosylima from four locations in the West Bank. Average concentration of the metals was 126.9, 42, 20.2 and 19.4 ppm for Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd, respectively. Significant differences in metal concentrations were observed between snails from the four sampling sites (Jerusalem, Abu-Dies, Qarawa, and Taibeh). Differences are most probably due to atmospheric fallout of metals from traffic roads and industrial facilities. Effect of snail size (weight and shell width) on metal content was investigated for the four metals. Plotting metal content against soft tissue weight resulted in significant relationships. Small snails were found to be richer in Zn, Cd and Pb than larger ones. Regression coefficients for the relationships were 0.75, 0.76 and 0.81 for Pb, Cd and Zn, respectively. Copper content was directly related to body weight (regression coefficient = 0.96) indicating that Cu concentration is independent of body weight... | Abstract Five species of land snails have been found as new for Turkey, belonging to the Pupilloidea, Endodontoidea and Clausilioidea. They were collected in the north-eastern part of the country and most of them are endemic to the Transcaucasian Mountains. | yue_Hant | 28,125 |
Drinking Water Sanitation, Arsenic Removal System, and Metal Interaction: A triangular Relationship on Human Health | in the book ''Arsenic: Sources, Environmental Impact, Toxicity and Human Health - A Medical Geology Perspective'', Ed. by Andrea Masotti, pp.211- 220 | Based on summary of domestic and international food safety standards,through interviewing Hangzhou Longjing Tea Base,and combined with questionnaire analysis,key factors in measuring the quality of tea were put forward;by using AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process),higher-weighting factors were selected as key factors to establish a model of tea quality affecting factors;then 112 questionnaire were analyzed by SPSS statistical software,and obtained affecting factors model;finally,the traceability path was worked out by path analysis method. | eng_Latn | 28,126 |
Substance Component and Exploitating Studies of Dressing Tailing in the Jinchuan Nickle Ore Deposit | Dressing tailing is the biggest industrial waste and pollutant of Jinchuan Nonferrous metals Co. Its potential values and comprehensive utilization is one of the important problems for engineering technologists at present. Mineralogical research indicates that Jinchuan dressing tailing contains Ni 0.20%～0.25%, Cu 0.16%～0.25%, Co 0.008%～0.02%. Minerals are mainly composed of olivine, pyroxene, serpentine, tremolite, chlorite, and small amounts of barkevikite, talc, plagioclase, carbonate, pyrrhotite, pentlandite, chalcopyrite, magnetite, etc. The particles of tailing are generally 50～140 μm in grain size. The tailing could be utilized by retrieving useful elements and applying as mining filling. | Objective To measure the distribution of the government subsidy among different economic groups in Zhe- jiang Province,and estimate their equity.Methods Used the data of National Health Service Survey of Zhejiang Province in 2003 and the Benefit Incidence Analysis(BIA).Results From the absolute equity side,either the in-patient and out- patient or total subsidy,the absolute equity of subsidies was bad;From the relative equity side,the relative equity of the in-patient subsidies was good,but the out-patient subsidy was bad.Conclusion There was some distance between the practical result and the ideal objective.The real beneficiary was not the poor but the better-off. | eng_Latn | 28,127 |
The direct formation of noble metal (Pd, Pt, Au, and Ag) and graphene nanocomposites from graphite | We describe the first time on the direct and facile method for noble metal/graphene nanocomposites from graphite without reductants. In our system, the irradiant white-light instead of the chemical reductant exerts the influence on the synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles on graphene. Noble metal salts adsorbed on the surfaces of graphene flakes which were functionalized with ionic surfactants were reduced by irradiation with white light. In particular, noble metal nanoparticles were more evenly distributed on the surface of graphene which was functionalized with SDS than with CTAB. | This article discussed the distribution of major and trace elements of peat in Yuanchi,Changbai Mountain.Four profiles were collected with Wardenaar peat sampler produced in Netherlands.Each sample was cut into 1～2 cm at the present.As far as the special physical conditions in Yuanchi are concerned,the content of major and trace elements(Na、K、Mg、Ca、 Al、Ti、Fe、Mn、Zn、Pb、Cu)were determined among different peat bogs.The elements distribution with depth in each peat profile was fully analyzed.Also we have analyzed the enrichment of different elements in peat profiles.Through the calculated M/Ti(M refers to Na、K、Mg、Ca、 Al、Ti、Fe、Mn、Zn、Pb、Cu) ratio,compared with ratio of M/Ti collected from literature,we concluded the differences among different peat bogs.The increasing content of Mn、Zn and Pb from bottom to top in peat profiles proves the increasing pollution of them in present environment,which has profound implications for environment. | eng_Latn | 28,128 |
Joining of Y-Ba-Cu-O/Ag bulk superconductors using Er-Ba-Cu-O/Ag solder | Ag-added Y–Ba–Cu–O bulk superconductors were joined using Ag-added Er–Ba–Cu–O solder and different Er211 contents. Microstructural analysis revealed that the volume fraction of Er211 at the joint with a composition of Er123:Er211 = 4:1 was the same as that for the expected volume fraction of the initial composition. That is, this composition seems to be optimum, since the mass balance was maintained during the crystal growth from the initial growth stage to the final stage. The trapped-field distribution for the joint using this composition was uniform and the only single peak indicated that strong coupling was achieved. | In this paper,soil sample of Jinkeng region in Suichuan was taken as research object,the geochemical data of metal elements which include Au,Ag,As,Sb,Cu,Pb,Zn,W,Bi and Sn were analyzed.The normal distribution data was formed by using probabilistic statistical analysis to exclude special high and low value.The abnormal range of 10 metal elements was delineated by using spatial analysis of MAPGIS,and the factors which influence abnormal range were reduced by using principal component analysis.Finally the distribution characteristics of 10 metal elements in soil were mapped.The results show that the geochemical differences of Au,Ag,Cu,Pb,Zn take on intensive distribution,and it will provide powerful support for further investigation. | eng_Latn | 28,129 |
Ways for improving the properties of semiproducts from V96Ts-3-type high-strength aluminum alloys of the Al – Zn – Mg – Cu system | The effect of different modes of three-stage aging on the structure and properties of hot-deformed semiproducts (pressed shapes and rolled plates) from high-strength aluminum alloy V96Ts-3 of the Al – Zn – Mg – Cu system is studied with the aim of optimizing the hardening heat treatment. Amode of three-stage aging convenient for commercial production and ensuring hot-deformed semiproducts from alloy V96Ts-3 with high strength at the state T1 level in combination with satisfactory corrosion resistance corresponding to state T2 is suggested. | The characteristics of spatial distribution of heavy metals in the surface sediments of Lianyungang nearshore area in Jiangsu Province have been analyzed.28 surface sediments sample were collected.It was found that the main pollutant in each region was Cu,the sequence was As, Cd,Pb,and the pollution of Hg is lower relatively.The main influence of pollutant concentration distribution was caused by Linhong River,Alkali Factory's outlet and the West Dam Program.Compared with the Program in 1985,the pollution of heavy metals such as Pb and Cd,was slighter,while the pollution of Cu and As was more serious.Among these regions,the quality of sediments in the Alkali Factory was poorest,indicating that the pollution was getting from bad to worse. | eng_Latn | 28,130 |
Minerals in Afghanistan : the potential for gold | Gold has been worked in Afghanistan for centuries from many ::: areas including Takhar province in the north and from Ghazni, ::: Zabul, and Kandahar provinces in the south-west of the country. ::: Currently, gold is produced almost solely by artisanal miners ::: working the Samti Placer Deposit in Takhar Province. Gold ::: deposits and prospects are known in rocks of Proterozoic to ::: Neogene age. Many styles of gold mineralisation occur, in ::: particular skarn, vein-hosted, porphyry and alluvial. Afghanistan ::: is relatively under-explored and has not yet been evaluated in the ::: light of modern mineral deposit models and using up-to-date ::: sophisticated analytical methods and exploration techniques. ::: There is significant potential for further discoveries of gold ::: mineralisation throughout the country in a variety of styles ::: especially porphyry Cu-Au and skarn Cu-Au. | In this paper the writer has analyzed the features and problems of development and utilization of Aba tourist resources,and the main strategies of tourist development have been put forward. | eng_Latn | 28,131 |
Simple and Economical Method to Prepare Mg1−xMnxB2 Superconductor | The polycrystalline samples of Mg1−xMnxB2 (0⩽x⩽0.03) have been synthesized by using the solid state reaction method. The properties of the samples depend on the method of preparation. Generally, Tantalum foil is used for the preparation of MgB2 superconductor to reduce the formation of MgO phase. Here, we have reported a very simple and economical method for the preparation of Mg1−xMnxB2 (0⩽x⩽0.03) samples by using the stainless steel sheet instead of Ta foil. These results are well in agreement as prepared by using the Ta foil. All the samples were sintered at 850 °C for 2 hrs in the presence of high purity argon flow. The structural and eleclrical properties were studied by using the X‐Ray diffraction and four‐probe resistivity measurement techniques, respectively. The XRD patterns revealed the formation of MgB2 as the major phase. The superconducting transition temperature (Tc) decreases with increasing the Mn concentration. The Mn doping suppresses the transition temperature sharply as compared to the... | In this paper,soil sample of Jinkeng region in Suichuan was taken as research object,the geochemical data of metal elements which include Au,Ag,As,Sb,Cu,Pb,Zn,W,Bi and Sn were analyzed.The normal distribution data was formed by using probabilistic statistical analysis to exclude special high and low value.The abnormal range of 10 metal elements was delineated by using spatial analysis of MAPGIS,and the factors which influence abnormal range were reduced by using principal component analysis.Finally the distribution characteristics of 10 metal elements in soil were mapped.The results show that the geochemical differences of Au,Ag,Cu,Pb,Zn take on intensive distribution,and it will provide powerful support for further investigation. | eng_Latn | 28,132 |
Multielemental analysis of pharmaceuticals derived from plant seeds by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry | ABSTRACT The concentrations of elements in pharmaceuticals derived from plant seeds were determined by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence. The concentrations of Ca, Si, Cl, K, S, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, P, Cu, Zn, Br, Rb, Sr, Hg, and Zr were quantified; only Si (10 ± 1 to 70,000 ± 110 mg kg−1), S (10 ± 2 to 12,4000 ± 243 mg kg−1), K (4,000 ± 58 to 24,000 ± 70 mg kg−1), Ca (2200 ± 35 to 87,000 ± 150 mg kg−1), Mn (21 ± 4 to 1956 ± 17 mg kg−1), and Fe (100 ± 7 to 5150 ± 70 mg kg−1) were present in all samples. These results may validate the use of these pharmaceuticals for the treatment of disease due to high concentrations of essential elements Mn, Ca, Mn, K, Mg, Zn, Cl, Fe, and P. Mercury was present in some products below standard values. The results also have quality control applications because of the widespread use of these pharmaceuticals. | This article discussed the distribution of major and trace elements of peat in Yuanchi,Changbai Mountain.Four profiles were collected with Wardenaar peat sampler produced in Netherlands.Each sample was cut into 1～2 cm at the present.As far as the special physical conditions in Yuanchi are concerned,the content of major and trace elements(Na、K、Mg、Ca、 Al、Ti、Fe、Mn、Zn、Pb、Cu)were determined among different peat bogs.The elements distribution with depth in each peat profile was fully analyzed.Also we have analyzed the enrichment of different elements in peat profiles.Through the calculated M/Ti(M refers to Na、K、Mg、Ca、 Al、Ti、Fe、Mn、Zn、Pb、Cu) ratio,compared with ratio of M/Ti collected from literature,we concluded the differences among different peat bogs.The increasing content of Mn、Zn and Pb from bottom to top in peat profiles proves the increasing pollution of them in present environment,which has profound implications for environment. | eng_Latn | 28,133 |
Distribution and Pollution Characteristics Analysis of Heavy Metals in Surface Sediment in Bi River | The author analyzes distribution characteristics of heavy metals' content in surface sediments of Bi River (Cu, Zn, As and Cd) and evaluates the potential ecological harm of heavy metal pollution in surface sediment by index method of potential ecological harm. Results show that heavy metals, such as Cu, Zn, As, Pb and Cd in surface sediments of Bi River are badly out of limitation. Especially, the heavy metals' content in Jinding mining area is far higher than the national first class standard. The content of heavy metal is still high in the intersection of Bi River and Lancang River, which have certain influence on the Lancang River sediment and its water system. And, Pb and Cd, as the main pollutants, should be regarded as a key research subject. | All places surveyed are included in the zone of serpentin. Almost all hills are slided and collapsed and they have no big tree. The reservoir is being filled with a large amount of slided materials. Four places were chosen along the road for the present survey where some special features of the land-slide were respectively observed and resistivities of serpentin could be distinguished from that of the other material. We have had such a conclusion ac that the resistivity method will be useful for the survey of the land-slide in this district. | eng_Latn | 28,134 |
Pressure drop behaviour in a three-dimensional packed bed cell during copper deposition and hydrogen evolution | Pressure drop in a three-dimensional packed bed electrode cell has been investigated during electrowinning of copper with simultaneous hydrogen evolution. The presence of gas bubbles in the packed bed electrode leads to an increase in the pressure drop in the electrolyte flowing through the cell. This pressure drop increase was in the range of 30 to 70% relative to the bubble-free case. Parameters such as current density, electrolyte velocity and particle shape greatly influence the pressure drop behaviour. Experimental results are correlated using the Ergun equation and show satisfactorily good agreement in the investigated range of modified Reynolds number. | The characteristics of spatial distribution of heavy metals in the surface sediments of Lianyungang nearshore area in Jiangsu Province have been analyzed.28 surface sediments sample were collected.It was found that the main pollutant in each region was Cu,the sequence was As, Cd,Pb,and the pollution of Hg is lower relatively.The main influence of pollutant concentration distribution was caused by Linhong River,Alkali Factory's outlet and the West Dam Program.Compared with the Program in 1985,the pollution of heavy metals such as Pb and Cd,was slighter,while the pollution of Cu and As was more serious.Among these regions,the quality of sediments in the Alkali Factory was poorest,indicating that the pollution was getting from bad to worse. | eng_Latn | 28,135 |
ACCUMULATION OF METALS IN AUTOPSY TISSUES OF SUBJECTS LIVING IN TARRAGONA COUNTY, SPAIN | The concentrations of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), tin (Sn), vanadium (V) and zinc (Zn) were determined in autopsy tissues collected from subjects who at the time of death had lived in Tarragona (Catalonia, Spain) over a period of, at least, the previous 10 years. Samples of liver, lung, kidney, brain and bone were obtained from a total of 78 non-occupationally exposed subjects, autopsied between 1997 and 1999. Arsenic, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Pb, Mn, Hg, Ni, Sn, V and Zn were determined by inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (ICP/MS). The results were analyzed with respect to age, sex, smoking and drinking habits, and the subject's place of residence. Most tissue concentrations of As, Co, Cr, Hg and V were near to the analytical detection limit or, in some cases, even below it. However, the levels of Cu were slightly higher than the average concentrations found in other studies. Also, tissue concentrations of Mn, Sn... | 8 paginas, 2 figuras, 4 tablas, 15 referencias.-- International Symposium on Composting and use of Composted Materials for Horticulture, celebrado del 5-11 de abril 1997, en Ayr, Scotland, United Kingdom. | yue_Hant | 28,136 |
Distribution and fractionation of cadmium in soil aggregates affected by earthworms (Eisenia fetida) and manure compost | Purpose ::: The objectives of this study were (1) to investigate the effects of manure compost and earthworms on Cd mobility in Cd-contaminated soil, (2) to test whether the bioturbation of earthworms reduces the immobilization effect of the manure compost when they are combined, and (3) to explore the distribution of Cd in aggregates formed by earthworms with corresponding fractionation analysis. | Objective To evaluate the effect of the post-processing mode of sewage treatment in two rural areas of Shengzhou and to provide scientific basis for rural toilets renovation.Methods Ten sanitary toilets of three cesspools and four cesspools for each were random selected.The basic situation,routine monitoring and pollutant items were evaluated.Results Routine monitoring items basically reached the sanitary standards and ammonia,COD,BOD5 qualified rate is low.The results of ammonia,phosphorus,COD,BOD5 in three cesspool sanitary toilets significantly better than that of four cesspool sanitary toilets.Conclusion Part of hygiene and pollution item removal rate and qualified rate are low.Harmlessness effect of tree cesspool toilets is better than four cesspool toilets.It is necessary to strengthen design,technical guidance and check in construction of rural toilets. | eng_Latn | 28,137 |
Investigation on the Contents of Trace Elements in Blood of 2044 Children in the Year of 2010 in Qingdao | Objective:To Investigate the contents of trace elements of children in blood of 2044 children in the year of 2010 in Qingdao.Methods:2044 healthy children aged 0.5～7 years old in Qingdao were selected to detect the contents of Cu,Zu,Ca,Mg,Fe,Pb,Cd in blood.Results:There was no significant absence of Cu,Mg,Cd in the children;But the rates of Ca,Zn,Fe were low among different age groups;The content of Pb in 22 children were higher than normal.The contents of trance elements had significant difference among different age groups.Conclusion:Nutritional status of trace elements of children in Qingdao was not very well on the whole.Different age groups had great difference in degree of deficiency of trace elements.Learning about these differences is important to conduct health care for children in different ages. | The paper sets up a model for forcasting population analgsis,grey system theory and statistics of Benxi population~ between 1990 and 1999.The use of this model proves that the result gained with the methods presented in the paper is nearly in agreement with the fact. | eng_Latn | 28,138 |
Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of molten lead oxyhalides Pb3O2X2 (X = Cl, Br, I) | ABSTRACTAn examination of the molecular dynamics of molten lead oxyhalides Pb3O2X2 (X = Cl, Br, I) in terms of melt densities and subsequent constant volume runs was carried out at 973 K on the bas... | This article discussed the distribution of major and trace elements of peat in Yuanchi,Changbai Mountain.Four profiles were collected with Wardenaar peat sampler produced in Netherlands.Each sample was cut into 1～2 cm at the present.As far as the special physical conditions in Yuanchi are concerned,the content of major and trace elements(Na、K、Mg、Ca、 Al、Ti、Fe、Mn、Zn、Pb、Cu)were determined among different peat bogs.The elements distribution with depth in each peat profile was fully analyzed.Also we have analyzed the enrichment of different elements in peat profiles.Through the calculated M/Ti(M refers to Na、K、Mg、Ca、 Al、Ti、Fe、Mn、Zn、Pb、Cu) ratio,compared with ratio of M/Ti collected from literature,we concluded the differences among different peat bogs.The increasing content of Mn、Zn and Pb from bottom to top in peat profiles proves the increasing pollution of them in present environment,which has profound implications for environment. | eng_Latn | 28,139 |
Network access control method, access control equipment and network access system | The embodiment of the invention relates to a network access control method, access control equipment and a network access system. The network access control method comprises the following steps of: receiving a network access request transmitted by a user terminal, wherein the network access request comprises identifier information of the user terminal; acquiring a disperse access control parameter corresponding to the identifier information; and judging whether to permit the user terminal to access a network according to the disperse access control parameter, and transmitting access permission information to the user terminal if so. The network access control method, the access control equipment and the network access system have the advantages of controlling massive UE to dispersively access the network, lightening network side load and solving the problem of network congestion caused by centralized access of the UE to the network. | Consideration of monitored natural attenuation (MNA) as a remedy component for metals-contaminated sites can be achieved using a site-specific screening approach, followed by application of one or a series of sequential extraction measurements. Hazardous waste sites contaminated with metals can be screened for the implementation of monitored natural attenuation on the basis of contaminant-specific soil chemical characteristics (i.e., Kd's, solubilities, and nonexchangeable sorbed fraction). Field cases are used to demonstrate the screening approach and to outline the primary considerations involved in accurately applying sequential extraction procedures to support the of MNA for site remediation. The results of these case studies provide strong evidence that site-specific screening and the use of sequential extraction procedures are effective methods for evaluating natural attenuation for metals impacted sites. | eng_Latn | 28,140 |
Potential Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments of the Water Systems in Nanjing | The contents of Hg,Cd,Pb,Cu,As,Cr and Zn in the surface sediments of the Changjiang River,Qinhuai River and Xuanwu Lake in Nanjing were monitored.The accumulation of metals were analyzed.The ecological risk was assessed by the potential ecological Hakanson index.The results showed that the potential ecological risk of heavy metals in surface sediments from Changjiang River and Xuanwu Lake was lower,but the risk of heave metals in surface sediments from Qinhuai River was high.Cd was the most hazardous element with the ecological risk index of 3.18 in Changjiang River,which belonged to middle ecological risk;Hg was the most hazardous element with the ecological risk index of 3.33 in Xuanwu Lake,which belonged to middle ecological risk,and other elements had low ecological risk.The potential ecological risk of heavy metals decreased as: HgCdCuAsZnPbCr in Qinhuai River.The element of Hg and Cd belonged to high ecological risk,and other elements belonged to low ecological risk. | Abstract EPR investigations on light-emitting Manganese centres in device-near ZnS or ZnSe thin-film layers were done. Mn 2+ centres were detected in both basic modifications of ZnS. Assertion on the crystallinity could be made. The efficiency of EPR is demonstrated by some examples. | eng_Latn | 28,141 |
Ca-Mg-Zn-(Ag) bulk metallic glasses prepared by unidirectional quenching | We fabricated ternary Ca-Mg-Zn and quaternary Ca-Mg-Zn-Ag bulk metallic glasses with diameter of 7 mm by unidirectional quenching into water-cooled Ga-In-Sn liquid alloys. It was suggested that the electromagnetic stirring caused by induction eddy current facilitated the glass formation. Glass forming ability of Ca(62.5)Mg(17.5)Zn(20-x)Ag(x) (x = 0, 1, 3, 5, 7,9) system was dependent on Ag content. It was found that in the system the in-situ formed crystalline phases enhanced the second-stage crystallization, whereas there seemed no contribution to the third-stage crystallization. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. | The characteristics of spatial distribution of heavy metals in the surface sediments of Lianyungang nearshore area in Jiangsu Province have been analyzed.28 surface sediments sample were collected.It was found that the main pollutant in each region was Cu,the sequence was As, Cd,Pb,and the pollution of Hg is lower relatively.The main influence of pollutant concentration distribution was caused by Linhong River,Alkali Factory's outlet and the West Dam Program.Compared with the Program in 1985,the pollution of heavy metals such as Pb and Cd,was slighter,while the pollution of Cu and As was more serious.Among these regions,the quality of sediments in the Alkali Factory was poorest,indicating that the pollution was getting from bad to worse. | eng_Latn | 28,142 |
The yellow form has a density of 1.97 g\/cm3 . | Its density is 1.97 g\/cm3 , much lighter than gray arsenic . | Its 200-hectare Yunnan Garden campus was the Youth Olympic Village for the first Youth Olympics in 2010 . | eng_Latn | 28,143 |
how manganese contamination occur as road dust and in soil? | Manganese is one of the more abundant elements in the earth's\n crust and is widely distributed in soils, sediments, rocks, water, and\n biological materials. The major sources of man-made environmental\n pollution by manganese arise in the manufacture of alloys, steel, and\n iron products. Other sources include mining operations, the production\n and use of fertilizers and fungicides, and the production of synthetic\n manganese oxide and dry-cell batteries. Organomanganese fuel\n additives, though only a minor source at present, could significantly\n increase exposure, if they come into widespread use. Average manganese\n concentrationsa in soils range from about 500 to 900 mg/kg and\n concentrations in sea water range from 0.1 to 5 µg/litre. Surface\n waters may have a manganese content of 1-500 µg/litre, but in areas\n where high concentrations of manganese occur naturally, levels may be\n considerably higher. Average manganese levels in drinking water range\n from 5 to 25 µg/litre.\n\n Manganese is present in all foodstuffs, usually at concentrations\n below 5 mg/kg. However, concentrations in certain cereals, nuts, and\n shellfish can be much higher, exceeding 30 mg/kg in some cases. Levels\n in finished tea leaves may amount to several hundred mg/kg.\n\n Manganese has been found in measurable quantities in practically\n all air samples of suspended particulate matter. Annual average levels\n in ambient air in unpolluted urban and rural areas vary from 0.01 to\n 0.07 µg/m3. | It looks to be PA. See the link below, and look under category 212 (mining excluding oil & gas). Further on in the same table, the data is broken out into more detail.\n\nSomething like the USGS probabaly has info on mineral deposits. | eng_Latn | 28,144 |
Distribution and pollution, toxicity and risk assessment of heavy metals in sediments from urban and rural rivers of the Pearl River delta in southern China | Assessing heavy metal contamination in Sado Estuary sediment: An index analysis approach | An Application of Business Process Management to Health Care Facilities | eng_Latn | 28,145 |
what is the role of arsenic in the mining industry? | What is the role of arsenic in the mining industry . Arsenic is a naturally occurring element commonly found as an impurity in metal ores, and is produced commercially for use in pesticides, wood preservatives, and , Get Price arsenic - definition of arsenic by Medical dictionary | Arsenic is a chemical element present in the environment from both natural and human sources, including erosion of arsenic-containing rocks, volcanic eruptions, contamination from mining and smelting ores and previous or current use of arsenic-containing pesticides.rsenic is a chemical element present in the environment from both natural and human sources, including erosion of arsenic-containing rocks, volcanic eruptions, contamination from mining and smelting ores and previous or current use of arsenic-containing pesticides. | eng_Latn | 28,146 |
Interpretation of ground-based magnetic and gravity data for the delineation of potential gold mineralization zones in Subenso, Ghana | A Thesis Submitted to the Department of Physics,Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy, 2015 | The effect of geographical indication for agricultural economic development and the advantages of developing geographical indication of agricultural products in Guizhou Province were elaborated,the status and existing problems of developing geographical indication of agricultural products in Guizhou Province were analyzed,the corresponding countermeasures were put forward. | eng_Latn | 28,147 |
Cryptoexplosive Breccias in Nanjing-Wuhu Volcanic Area:Geological Characteristics and Control on Mineralization | Geological and geochemical characters are discussed for the breccias in the Nanjing-Wuhu area, with special reference to their cryptoexplosive origin.The close association of mineralization,particularly of iron,with the breccias has been evaluated in terms of geothermal and geochemical evidence.A suc- cessful example in using the breccias as a prospecting indicator is illustrated in this paper. | One of the cities in Hainan province collected 199 old discarded bombs.For eliminating the potential danger of the bombs completely,public security official organized and carried out the largest destroy of the discarded old bomb,containing explosive equivalent to 4000kg TNT,since the establishment of the province.According to the characteristics of the bomb destroying,explosion method was chosen.The present paper elaborated the selection of destroy site,inducing explosive,explosion parameters as well as the construction organization and safe measures in view of the thought of the design of engineering explosion.The successful experience summarized in this paper is worth to be consulted. | eng_Latn | 28,148 |
Single zircon Pb-evaporation age of Shuiquangou gold-bearing alkali-intrusion in Zhangjiakou area, Hebei Province | This paper deals with the forming age of the Shuiquangou gold-bearing alkaline rock with the help of the single zircon Pb-evaporation method. The apparent age (1607–1667 Ma) got from crystalline zircon grain domains, where there exists an almost enclosed system, is in good agreement with zircon U-Pb conventional upper intercept age (1718 Ma), suggesting that the Shuiquangou gold-bearing alkali rock intruded at 1600–1700 Ma ago. | Based on statistical analysis,the paper stems from two aspects: First,exploring the monitoring method to operational state of county economy;second,establishing development evaluation system of county economy to research county economy of Hubei province.With the example of "1+8"City Circle,the paper explains the research approach and evaluation criterion of County economic operation of Hubei Province.Finally,the paper points out some deficiencies to the construction of "1+8"City Circle and puts forward some suggestions to the development of county economy. | eng_Latn | 28,149 |
Feasibility Study of Southward Extension of Eastern Quarry of Chasnalla, SAIL | At Chasnalla Colliery, coal is extracted both by opencast and underground mining. Shafts for access to underground workings are located at the central part of the property. Opencast mining consists of two quarries, namely Eastern Quarry and Western Quarry. Mining is in progress in Western Quarry. While the western part of Eastern Quarry is still being mined, mining was discontinued long ago in a stretch of about 880 m in the eastern part of it. Recently, the colliery management has thought of restarting surface mining to extract coal from XIII/XIV Seam up to a depth of 0 mRL in this discontinued part of Eastern Quarry by expanding the quarry southward. The paper includes design aspect, estimation of reserve and waste to be handled during the proposed quarry expansion in order to help in assessing feasibility of expansion of this project by the mine authority. | All places surveyed are included in the zone of serpentin. Almost all hills are slided and collapsed and they have no big tree. The reservoir is being filled with a large amount of slided materials. Four places were chosen along the road for the present survey where some special features of the land-slide were respectively observed and resistivities of serpentin could be distinguished from that of the other material. We have had such a conclusion ac that the resistivity method will be useful for the survey of the land-slide in this district. | eng_Latn | 28,150 |
Effect of temperature in cutting deep holes on the content of harmful components in oil-based coolants | It was found that in cutting deep holes, with an increase in the temperature from 20 to 80°C, the content of harmful components: 9- and 2-methylanthracene, 3-methylphenanthrene, etc., in oil-based MR-3K coolant (CL) decreases by 15-25%, i.e., they enter the air of the working zone. The necessity of additional treatment of CL to remove polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to minimize the harmful effect on humans and the biosphere as a whole is demonstrated. | The study presented in this article is part of an ongoing joint research programme on acid mine drainage (AMD) being conducted by the University of Johannesburg and the Council for Geoscience. In this study, the corrosive characteristics of AMD from the goldfields of South Africa are examined. The motivation behind this collaborative research is to generate scientific understanding that deals with pertinent questions concerning possible interaction between AMD and infrastructure. The research programme was established in the recent wake of threats and risks associated with decant of AMD in the West Rand belt, and underlying risks in the Central belt of the Witwatersrand basin. Scientific understanding is needed to deal with perceptions and public fears, such as the potential of AMD to cause disastrous consequences on urban infrastructure. | eng_Latn | 28,151 |
The Data Extraction and Verification of the NS Deep Structural Belt in the West of Shandong | By use of remote-sensing imagery technology, the NS deep structural belt in the west of Shandong which is composed of NS linear and other structural information is interpreted and verified according to the aspects in geophysics and geochemical material,microstructure and regional ore-control.Therefore,the scientific bases for finding the target area of gold and complex deposite are also provided. | Northwest area in Liaoning province is an urban region that develops slowly.In order to promote the economic development,a breakthrough has been made for the regional strategy in Northwest Liaoning.However,urbanization is a prerequisite of region development.Knowing the situation of urbanization in Northwest Liaoning and taking actions are the breakthrough points to accelerate regional economic development. | eng_Latn | 28,152 |
Discussion on Xiangshan Uranium Ore Field Deep Prospecting | Xiangshan Uranium Ore Field is the largest, richest volcanic field of uranium ore field in China which has been found manyuranium ore field, such as Zoujiashan, Shazhou, Yunji, Shidong, etc. It is located in a composite overlay area of volcanicuranium ore zone in South China uranium metallogenic provinceand graniteuranium ore zone in South Dawangshan-Yushan. Enormous potential it has for deep prospecting because of its favorable condition. It is very important to study the source and mineralization of the uranium ore, which reveals profound meaning of its cause, formation mechanism and further prospecting. | The article studied the present situation of under-forest economy development in Songxian county,analyzed the developing modes of the under-forest economy and the existing problems,then put forward some advices,which were formulating policies of support and increasing investment,establishing trade association,improving industrial chain,to accelerate the development of the under-forest economy in Songxian county. | eng_Latn | 28,153 |
HWVP soil baseline summary report | The roughly 0.5-km{sup 2} (0.2-mi{sup 2}) Hanford Waste Vitrification Plant (WHVP) site is located in the Pasco Basin in south-central Washington State at the US Department of Energy`s Hanford Site. The HWVP site is planned for use as a waste treatment facility for treating the high-activity fraction of waste currently stored in underground storage tanks on the Hanford Site. In order to determine the pre-construction chemical properties of the proposed construction site soils and to enable the HWVP to segregate these, as necessary, from any impact of HWVP operations, a soil baseline sampling plan was written and implemented. The report describes the baseline sampling plan. | The paper introducess the implemented conditions which colling recycle of flexible base on Ying-DaLine.It over all xpounds the investigation of road condlitions of original pavement,indoor trial study,determination of trial lot plan as well as completion of trial lot etc. | eng_Latn | 28,154 |
ESTIMATION OF THE AGE OF A PRE‐INDUSTRIAL IRON SITE IN KOREA* | A pre-industrial iron-smelting site in Korea, whose period of active use is placed on typological grounds between the eighth and 18th centuries AD, has been dated using accelerator mass spectrometry and thermoluminescence. The ages of two charcoal samples were 77 ′ 25 and 81 ′ 25 years BP, with the calibrated date for both ranging from AD 1700 to AD 1955, while a clay fragment dated to AD 1650 ′ 50. The results from typology and radiocarbon seem insignificant due to the considerable uncertainties involved, but in combination with the thermoluminescence result they place the most probable date of the site at around AD 1700. | With the construction of the power system in Shanxi Province,the environment of the whole district is turning for the worse.In some parts it even leads to soil erosion.According to the research on the impact of the project construction for the characteristic of soil erosion in Ruiguang heat-engine plant,Shanxi,forward exhaustive investigating and analyzing,the author divided the projects into four parts: industrial area,linear facilities,coal ash yard and temporary facilities.Then it do the typical design of engineering measure for every part, in order to avoid soil erosion from the projects construction effectively and supply reference for the same kind projects in Shanxi Province. | yue_Hant | 28,155 |
Environmental weeds and granite outcrops: possible solutions in the "too hard basket"? | Granite outcrops and the myriad plant communities found associated with them are particularly vulnerable to weed invasion. Undesirable impacts can result from many species or just one aggressive invasive species. Suggestions for weed planning and management are made in relation to granite outcrops, but knowledge gaps are discussed as well. | When the gas turbine to use heavy fuel oil, the ash matter cover HRSG (Heat Recovery Steam Generator) in the tube wall. How to deal with the ash matter is direct to influence the combined cycle power plant upon safety and economy. Shakou Power Plant , Foshan, Guangdong has adopted some ways to deal with the ash matter. The HRSG has kept its good safety and economy operation more than 9 year. | eng_Latn | 28,156 |
Fault Characteristics of the Beichagoumen Ag-polymetallic Ore Field in Northern Hebei Province | The fault characteristics of in the Beichagoumen Ag-polymetallic ore field are summarized in this paper.The Fault evolution can be divided into three stages,including pre-mineralization period,mineralization period and post-mineralization period in this ore field,which have played different roles in the formation of ore bodies and modification.The special geotectonical location exhibits a complicated tectonic environment.The ore bodies mainly exist in two active faults.One fault is in the D7-D5-D8 zone,the other is in the D2-D4-D8 zone.The fault structure is of features in multi-direction,multi-phase,multi-stage and equidistanthe during the ore-forming stage.A series of ores formed with the temperature descend.They have the characteristics of low blocking and high polarization,and compose mineralizition net in the ore field. | The current research situations were analyzed briefly,and its definition and the analysis frame were commented.The vulnerability of the Baishuijiang national nature reserve was analyzed especially.It was pointed out that the policy factor,position factor,market factor were the main reasons to cause the peripheral community to be vulnerable.On the basis of the above analysis,the policy recommendations for reducing vulnerability was put forward.The reformation from such respects as system arranging,position advantage,developing the rural cooperative association and so on should be try to carry on. | eng_Latn | 28,157 |
Research on formation mechanism of earth fissure in Xuzhou coal mining area | The research results show that basis of earth fissures is the potential weak faces caused by modern tectonism,old mine collapsed crack and ground differential subsidence.Shrinkage of upper Quaternary aquifer makes the weak faces renewed as over pumping.Earth fissure is the result of water sinking and under erosion along the fissure surface,after severe rain. | The inhabit situation of Xiasong village of Chayashan town changed enormously after the liberation:House structure become more and more rational progressively,building design becomes more and more pluralism,the living space improves by a large margin,Construction material regenerate newer in great degree.The distance.of the family equipment and family facility is dwindling progres-sively with that of urbanite,courtyards of peasant family generally become more and more perfect.The changes of the inhabit situation of Xiasong village of Chayashan town refract the course that the peasant are towards the rich progressively after the liberation. | eng_Latn | 28,158 |
Impact of the flotation tailing dumps on the living environment of Bor and protective measures | In the southeastern Serbia, in the area of the municipality Bor, there are three flotation tailing dumps: FTD Bor, FTD RTH (the ore body H) and FTD Veliki Krivelj. The Flotation Tailing Dump Bor is abandoned, partly reclamated. The other two are active flotation tailing dumps. All three flotation tailing dumps are serious polluters of air, water and soil. The affected zones by dust from these tailing dumps threat large areas in a direction of dominant wind from the northwest direction. The affected areas by the impact zone of dust from: the Bor Flotation Tailing Dump amount to 18,361,074 m2, flotation tailing dump of the ore body H, 3,713,408 m2 and Flotation Tailings Dump Veliki Krivelj, 16,077,805 m2. The most effective measure against dust rising from dry areas by the wind is the use of reclamation with the phases of technical, agrotechnical and biological reclamation. | The paper describes the building process beauty country,assess environment of rural human settlement of Jubao bay after construction in the method of the Post-Occupancy Evaluation construction completion.Investigate that is related to users,in order to appraisal to environment of rural human settlement of Jubao bay of Jiaxing city.In finally,proved the result of country planning practice of Jubao bay in the aspect of uesrs. | eng_Latn | 28,159 |
Lead Isotope Analysis of Slag-Tempered Negev Highlands Pottery | Petrographic analysis of Iron IIA Negev Highlands pottery revealed that the clay used in some of the vessels was tempered with copper smelting slag. Here we show, using lead isotope analysis, that the slag was likely a byproduct of the contemporaneous smelting operations at Faynan, Jordan. We substantiate previous observations regarding the connection between settlements in the Negev Highlands and the mining and smelting operations in Wadi Arabah. | This report covers holdup measurements of uranium residue in the cooling hut HEPA bank of the 321-M facility. This report discusses the methodology, non-destructive assay measurements, assumptions, and results of the uranium holdup in this item. | kor_Hang | 28,160 |
Research, assessment and management of the travertine resources from the Banpotoc-Carpinis deposit (South Apuseni Mts., Romania) | Romania is not a large country but, due to the very complex geological structure, it has 110 mineral and power substances with identified and quantified resources and reserves. In time, the most numerous from these (82) have been exploited at the ground surface, in over 3,492 identified quarries and open pits. Travertine has been exploited since ancient times in Romania The exploitation of Brezinta (Mehedinti county) has been known since the Roman times. Although resources are found in many other zones, only two travertine deposits are presently exploited by Marmosim S.A.: Banpotoc-Carpinis and Geoagiu. Travertine extraction began at the Banpotoc-Carpinis deposit in 1870 and 9 quarries have functioned during time from which only one is still active today. This paper presents the way in which the research and valuation of the deposit was made, how the exploitation and processing of the travertine is made nowadays and what are its uses. | Background Our outdoor patient clinic in Salzburg (Austria) comprises 170 HIV-infected patients. Since 2004 our laboratory has been using Cobas TaqMan 48 real time PCR analyser (Roche) for detection and quantification of HIV1 RNA. To date we could identify four patients who remained undetectable (3/4) or who presented with very low viremia (<200 copies per ml) while receiving no antiretroviral therapy at all. | eng_Latn | 28,161 |
Investigation and Suggestion on Corrosion of Transmission Tower in Guangxi | Based on the corrosion assessment of atmospheric environment and the corrosion protection investigation of transmission tower in Guangxi,corrosion protection problems of transmission tower in Guangxi are analyzed.Countermeasures are proposed.It is suggested that differentiation protection should be used in steel tower corrosion,the quality defect sampling system of zinc coating of steel tower component should be established,and the technology specification of anti-corrosion for transmission tower should be developed. | The thesis discusses the development environment of modern logistics,analyzes the formation and development of Guangzhou,points out the development countermeasures of Guangzhou for changing logistics from traditional to modern. | eng_Latn | 28,162 |
Advanced Coal Conversion Solid Wastes: Waste‐Management Implications | Characterization data are presented for solid wastes obtained from three advanced coal‐utilization processes and one conventional pulverized‐coal combustion process. Tables and figures summarize the data and compare the properties of the wastes. Based on the results, the impact of the advanced process wastes on the power‐production industry is examined and potentially useful waste‐management practices are evaluated. The evaluation indicated that it is possible to use conventional waste‐management technology to handle and dispose of most advanced process wastes. However, some of these wastes may present special problems. The utilization potentials of the advanced process wastes are also evaluated. It was found that some advanced process wastes may not be suitable for established fly ash uses such as cement replacement, but that they are acceptable for other uses such as fill materials, soil‐stabilization additives, and soil‐amendment activities. | Introduction Dirty industry migration and environment: theories and application Dirty industry migration globally and in China: an empirical study Dirty industry migration under international law Dirty industry migration under Chinese law Corporate social responsibility and environmental citizenship in China Conclusion. | eng_Latn | 28,163 |
Distribution and individual characteristics of the prawn Palaemon elegans [Crustacea, Decapoda] from the Gulf of Gdansk and the dead Vistula River | The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of a prawn species new to the Gulf of Gdask - Palaemon elegans - as well as to undertake an initial characterization of the length and mass of individuals of this species with respect to sex and site of occurrence. The investigation was carried out in late June and early July 2004 at four stations situated on the shores of the Gulf of Gdask and the Dead Vistula River. The total lengths of males ranged from 23 to 40 mm and those of females from 27 to 50 mm. The relationship between total length and wet weight for males and non-ovigerous females was Ww=10 -6 ·Lt 3.15 , R=0.97, and that between the total length and the carapace length of males and females was Lk=0.42·Lt-0.19, R=0.91. These relationships for P. elegans may be of use in assessing the size and mass of prawns consumed by predators. | This research has investigated the geotechnical properties of abandoned open pits in Thailand’s eastern province of Chachoengsao that could become targets for illegal industrial waste dumping. Out of a total of 11 districts, this research focuses on two districts, i.e. Plaengyao and Panom Sarakarm, due to the proximity to industrial estates and abundance of open pits. The findings reveal a very low permeability rate of Plaengyao’s surface soil, indicating that no open pits should be used as dumping sites as contaminants are captured by and deposited in the surface soil. Clay liner and surface drainage are needed to be considered for Landfills in Plaengyao district. In contrast, the surface soil of Panom Sarakarm district is of high permeability and thereby renders the utilization of open pits environmentally harmful since the dissolved contaminants can leach through the ground and pollute groundwater. | eng_Latn | 28,164 |
Design of development system of Yuanjiacun Iron Ore Mine | The arrangement of development system of Yuanjiacun Iron Ore Mine is analyzed.The system increases remarkably the mining capability thus obtains better economic benefits. | The paper introducess the implemented conditions which colling recycle of flexible base on Ying-DaLine.It over all xpounds the investigation of road condlitions of original pavement,indoor trial study,determination of trial lot plan as well as completion of trial lot etc. | eng_Latn | 28,165 |
Underground mine ventilation: some general considerations | The author discusses some general aspects of primary and auxiliary ventilation in US mines. | Not available – first paragraph follows: ::: Recently two relatively inert mineral substances have been tested which appear to have numerous uses in plant growing, especially in operations connected with plant propagation. These are heat-expanded vermiculite and perlite. | eng_Latn | 28,166 |
A STUDY ON THE CHARACTERIZATION OF RED MUD | Red Mud (RM) is a solid waste product obtained from aluminum industries via Bayer’s process. India is one of the largest producers of RM producing around 4 million tons annually. Its disposal is one of the major concerns as it is highly alkaline in nature and is a potential threat to air, water and land. Currently RM is being dumped on land or in RM ponds near the alumina refineries and with the cost of the land going high it is becoming a big problem for the industries. Due to the differences in the ore type in its production process, there is a variation in the mineralogical composition between the residues from India and other countries. Its properties such as iron content in the form of ferric oxide (Fe2O3), high surface area etc. makes it attractive potential reactants for many reactions. In this paper the structural and phase compositions of RM is being studied with the help of PSA, XRD, FESEM, EDX, BET and FT-IR techniques. | This is the second in a series of working ::: papers published by the Higher Education ::: Academy to disseminate information about ::: the project entitled 'What is learned at ::: university: the social and organisational ::: mediation of university learning' (SOMUL). ::: This second working paper focuses on the ::: organisational mediation of learning, i.e. how ::: institutional characteristics shape the ::: student experience and resultant learning ::: outcomes within an increasingly diverse ::: higher education system. | yue_Hant | 28,167 |
Research program on risk assessment of hazardous waste in the next five years in China | Abstract Research on the risk assessment of hazardous waste is the national key research program for the science and technology of environmental protection in China's Eighth Five-Year Plan. Based on a brief description of the developing situation in the management, legislation and standards of hazardous waste and toxic chemicals in China, the authors introduce mainly the expected content of the studies in risk assessment, including the screening of the ‘black list’ of hazardous wastes and toxic chemicals for priority control, and the procedures and methods of their risk assessment, as well as the risk assessment of control engineering for pollution from hazardous waste. | A simple conceptual tool for assessing the reliability of calculated model outputs of radiological assessment models is introduced. By its means the different sorts of uncertainties in radiological assessment models can be systematically distinguished, and the combined effects of these different sorts of uncertainty in affecting the reliability of calculated model outputs can be displayed and evaluated. The tool is simple and economical, and also perspicuous and powerful, complementing existing techniques of sensitivity analysis. | eng_Latn | 28,168 |
Sod-podzolic soils with a complex organic profile of the southern Vyatka River basin | The article is devoted to the morphology and substantive properties of the sod- podzolic soils with a complex organic profile having the second humus horizons and found on the southern right bank of the lower Vyatka River. The research results of the mineral and organic phases are the evidence of the relict origin of the second humus horizon as well as the evidence of profile polygenicity of the given soils. They went through two fundamentally different pedogenesis stages during the postglacial period: 1) the developmental accumulative evolution stage in the first half of the Holocene and 2) the accumulative-eluvial stage of erasing evolution including the elements of inheriting evolution in the second half of the Holocene. Keywords: granulometric composition, fractional and group composition, humus age, genesis, soil evolution | ABSTRACT A field study investigated the perception of environmental hazards in residential areas polluted by chemical wastes. Soil pollution is an important problem in The Netherlands. The government expects that in the period from 1982 to 1997 some 1000 sites will need remedial action. Of these sites about 50 concern pollution in residential areas. In four cases of soil pollution experiences of the inhabitants, the information process, social and medical assistance and participation by the inhabitants are studied. The data were collected in comprehensive interviews with involved professionals, the relevant authorities and 756 inhabitants. The cases were in different stages of technical investigation and remedial action. Differences in managing approach, nature of the pollutants and age of the houses were related to the perceptions and expectations of the inhabitants. It will be argued that increased understanding of individual reactions to cases of soil pollution could have important consequences for pol... | eng_Latn | 28,169 |
The Control of Fractures on Karst in Ordovician Carbonate Reservoirs in Tazhong Area,Tarim Basin | As controlled by sedimentation, diagenesis, structure and karst, carbonate reservoirs are strongly heterogeneous and it is important for fracture to rebuild carbonate reservoirs. Through observation over cores, dissolution caves with FMI logging, statistics of fractures, correlation analysis of the fractures vs. karstification, it is found that fractures are closely accreted with karstification and the high angle fractures under unconformity surface have a great promotion on the development of weathering crust-type karst, while low angle fractures have perfect correspondence to burial karstification. This affords a new revelation to evaluate and predict karst-fractures-type reservoirs by the characteristics of fractures in different occurrences. | Currently,many ethnic areas still retain many traditional social organizations."Zailao"and "Dongkuan",the main traditional social organizations in Dong areas,maintained a dominant position in the Village governance.Through the investigation of the Dong Autonomous County in Hunan Province,it is found that with the state involved,the traditional "Zailao"and "Dongkuan"have been creatively transformed to "Elderly Associations "which are fit with the modern village governance.And it is of certain reference value for other ethnic areas in rural governance. | eng_Latn | 28,170 |
Experiences of Bid for Municipal Engineering Design of Shenzhen City-Taking Chuangye road overpass on Bao'an avenue of Shenzhen city as an example | The paper introduces the existing circumstance of bid for municipal engineering design of Shenzhen city, the key points for preparing bidding documents and the experiences of bid for engineering design, combining the bid for 他Chuangye road overpass - Baoan avenue of Shenzhen city. | This research has investigated the geotechnical properties of abandoned open pits in Thailand’s eastern province of Chachoengsao that could become targets for illegal industrial waste dumping. Out of a total of 11 districts, this research focuses on two districts, i.e. Plaengyao and Panom Sarakarm, due to the proximity to industrial estates and abundance of open pits. The findings reveal a very low permeability rate of Plaengyao’s surface soil, indicating that no open pits should be used as dumping sites as contaminants are captured by and deposited in the surface soil. Clay liner and surface drainage are needed to be considered for Landfills in Plaengyao district. In contrast, the surface soil of Panom Sarakarm district is of high permeability and thereby renders the utilization of open pits environmentally harmful since the dissolved contaminants can leach through the ground and pollute groundwater. | eng_Latn | 28,171 |
What is the scientific name for brown coal? | Coal | Define Coal at Dictionary.com coal noun 1. a piece of glowing, charred, or burned wood or other combustible substance. 3. to burn to coal or charcoal . 5. to take in coal for fuel. Idioms 7. heap coals of fire on someone's head, to repay evil with good in order to make one's enemy repent. 8. rake / haul / drag / call / take over the coals, to reprimand; scold: They were raked over the coals for turning out slipshod work. Origin of coal 900 before 900; Middle English cole, Old English col; cognate with Dutch kool, German Kohle, Old Norse kol Related forms Examples from the Web for coal Expand Contemporary Examples After the blasting has been done the 'fillers' can tumble the coal out, break it up and shovel it on to the conveyor belt. How Miners Talk About Death Jeanne Marie Laskas April 8, 2010 “I will fight President Obama and anyone else who tries to undermine our coal jobs,” she said. The Land of Tomorrow William B Stephenson, Jr. Did you ever wonder how beds of coal happened to be in the earth? British Dictionary definitions for coal Expand noun 1. a combustible compact black or dark-brown carbonaceous rock formed from compaction of layers of partially decomposed vegetation: a fuel and a source of coke, coal gas, and coal tar See also anthracite , bituminous coal , lignite , peat 1 (as modifier): coal cellar, coal merchant, coal mine, coal dust 2. one or more lumps of coal 3. coals to Newcastle, something supplied where it is already plentiful 5. haul someone over the coals, to reprimand someone verb to take in, provide with, or turn into coal Derived Forms Old English col; related to Old Norse kol, Old High German kolo, Old Irish gūal Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 Word Origin and History for coal Expand n. Old English col "charcoal, live coal," from Proto-Germanic *kula(n) (cf. Old Frisian kole, Middle Dutch cole, Dutch kool, Old High German chol, German Kohle, Old Norse kol), from PIE root *g(e)u-lo- "live coal" (cf. Irish gual "coal"). Meaning "mineral consisting of fossilized carbon" is from mid-13c. First mentioned (370 B.C.E.) by Theophrastus in his treatise "On Stones" under the name lithos anthrakos (see anthrax ). Traditionally good luck, coal was given as a New Year's gift in England, said to guarantee a warm hearth for the coming year. The phrase drag (or rake) over the coals was a reference to the treatment meted out to heretics by Christians. To carry coals "do dirty work," also "submit to insult" is from 1520s. To carry coals to Newcastle (c.1600) Anglicizes Greek glauk eis Athenas "owls to Athens." Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper coal (kōl) A dark-brown to black solid substance formed from the compaction and hardening of fossilized plant parts in the presence of water and in the absence of air. Carbonaceous material accounts for more than 50 percent of coal's weight and more than 70 percent of its volume. Coal is widely used as a fuel, and its combustion products are used as raw material for a variety of products including cement, asphalt, wallboard and plastics. See more at anthracite , bituminous coal, lignite. The American Heritage® Science Dictionary Copyright © 2002. Published by Houghton Mifflin. All rights reserved. Slang definitions & phrases for coal Expand The Dictionary of American Slang, Fourth Edition by Barbara Ann Kipfer, PhD. and Robert L. Chapman, Ph.D. Copyright (C) 2007 by HarperCollins Publishers. coal in the Bible Expand It is by no means certain that the Hebrews were acquainted with mineral coal, although it is found in Syria. Their common fuel was dried dung of animals and wood charcoal. Two different words are found in Hebrew to denote coal, both occurring in Prov. 26:21, "As coal [Heb. peham; i.e., "black coal"] is to burning coal [Heb. gehalim]." The latter of these words is used in Job 41:21; Prov. 6:28; Isa. 44:19. The words "live coal" in Isa. 6:6 are more correctly "glowing stone." I | Bad_Developers Treated pine decking. How many homes in Australia have this decking and how many Australians have been exposed to CCA by playing, lieing, standing and lounging on treated pine decks? South Australian EPA Media Release 15 February 2006. Auspine Limited convicted and fined over breach of licence South East Company Auspine Limited has been convicted and fined $40,800 in the Environment, Resources and Development Court for contravening an EPA licence condition at their Kalangadooo timber presevation plant. The maximum penalty for such an offence is $120,000. The company pleaded guilty to not installing a roof over a concrete drip pad used for storing timber treated with Copper, Chrome and Arsenic. The roof should have been constructed by 1 September 2004. During rain events, the drip pad roof would reduce the amount of stormwater that becomes contaminated by excess chemicals being washed from the treated logs. Her Honour Judge Cole in her remarks said there was no real expression of contrition on behalf of Auspine and there has been little effective action taken to comply with the licence condition. EPA Chair and Chief Executive Dr Paul Vogel said the judgement sends a significant message to industry and the community that the EPA is acting as a responsible regulator. This judgement also serves as a timely reminder to companies of their obligation under the EPA Act to take measures to protect the environment. Timber Treatment Plant/CCA Disasters APVMA Review Recommendations (March 2005) 10.1 Label Directions It is proposed that CCA labels be varied by: i. requiring that timber treatment facilities be designed and operated to meet appropriate Australian Standards (AS/NZS 2843.1:2000 and AS/NZS 2843.2:2000). ii. not permitting uses of CCA timber treatment products for timber intended for use as garden furniture, picnic tables, exterior seating, children's play equipment, patio and domestic decking, and handrails. iii. specifying that CCA products may be used for preservative treatment of timber and timber products intended for the following end uses: piling and other structure foundations, residential construction, industrial and commercial construction, rura and farm use, fencing, poles, landscaping timbers, fresh and salt water structures, signage and boat construction. iv. requiring each timber piece treated with CCA (except specific circumstances where supplied and therefore marked as a pack) to be legibly and durably marked (at least to the point of the first person who uses the treated timber) with a treating plant identification number, hazard class and chemical number, as well as the statement: "TREATED WITH COPPER CHROME ARSENATE" v. including more detailed instructions for application, mixing and vacuum/pressure operations, management of freshly treated timber, management of liquids, sludge or waste material containing CCA residues of wildlife, fish, crustaceans and the environment, and storage and disposal... Treated pine stored in open at CCA plant Budgeree Central West Victoria. Armidale (NSW) (Australia's worst CCA disaster?) CCA Contaminated Site Housing Development at Martin Street Armidale Summary: Residents of the Martin St housing development discovered they were living on a highly contaminated site in January 1990. After nearly four years of investigation, community lobbying, ongoing health problems and an extensive media campaign, a buy-out option was negotiated in late '93. Author: Mariann Grinter History: The Martin St Armidale site in northern New South Wales (NSW) was for many years a wood treatment plant using the Copper Chrome Arsenic process. It was subsequently rezoned and developed as housing estate in the lat | eng_Latn | 28,172 |
Do miners plant landmines? | How do people plant a landmine? | Why do pigs not have inguinal hernias? | eng_Latn | 28,173 |
China to Clean Up Polluters Along Songhua River After Repeated Chemical Spills | China to clean up polluters along Songhua River after repeated chemical spills BEIJING, Sept. | SAN FRANCISCO (CBS.MW) -- Newmont Mining admitted Wednesday that it released mercury into the environment on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi, but denied the releases sickened nearby residents. | eng_Latn | 28,174 |
Zones with highest aluminium content are frequently located below a ferruginous surface layer . | Bauxite deposits with highest aluminium content are frequently located below an iron-bearing surface layer . | As a result most rural areas are dominated by a small set of feudalistic Zamindaror the land-owning families . | eng_Latn | 28,175 |
Nickel Asia keeps sales guidance despite gov’t curbs | MANILA — The Philippines’ top nickel ore producer, Nickel Asia Corp., said its export plans in 2018 remain unchanged despite government plans to limit mining areas.
Nickel Asia still intends to ship about 20 million tons of nickel ore this year, up 13% from 2017, Emmanuel Samson, the senior vice-president for finance at the company, said in a phone interview on Tuesday.
Samson’s comments followed a Reuters report on Monday that the Philippine government intends to limit the amount of land that miners can develop at any one time to spur environmental rehabilitation, according to a draft government order.
The new curbs come after a crackdown on mining last year that has left more than half the country’s mines facing suspension or closure due to environmental breaches.
Shares in Nickel Asia fell as much as 6.7% on Tuesday following the Reuters report. Global Ferronickel Holdings, Inc., the Philippines’ second-biggest nickel ore producer, slumped as much as 7.1%.
The mineral deposits at all four of Nickel Asia’s mines run deep so the limits in the mining areas should not affect current production volumes, even for its smaller mines, said Samson.
“What we need to do is to perhaps accelerate our rehabilitation of our disturbed areas and we’re so used to doing this. Every year we do progressive rehabilitation,” he said.
Under the government plan, mines producing up to 1 million tons of nickel ore a year will be allowed to work on 50 hectares at any one time. That would increase to up to 100 hectares for mines with output of 9 million tons and above. Projects with a processing plant will be allowed up to 162 hectares.
Companies will have to re-forest areas that have been mined above the limits before opening up any new land.
The biggest of Nickel Asia’s mines covers nearly 5,000 hectares and the smallest is about 700 hectares.
Nickel Asia, partly owned by Japan’s Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., has two nickel processing plants, the only such facilities in the Philippines.
The company sold 17.7 million tons of nickel ore last year, mainly to Japan and China, down 8% from 2016.
The Philippines was the biggest nickel ore supplier to top market China last year, shipping nearly 30 million tons. Indonesia has been the top supplier so far this year after Jakarta relaxed its ore export policy. — Reuters | Department official reports on irregularities in a South Mumbai metal extraction firm deducting money but depositing nothing; two owners booked
Representational Image
Like in most companies, employees of South Mumbai based metal extraction firm Nicomet Industries assumed that the PF deduction from their salary monthly was going towards their savings. They couldn't be more wrong as the proprietors of the firm, Atul Agrawal and Rajendra Agrawal were booked by the Cuffe Parade police after an official from the PF department noticed irregularities and reported it.
According to the police, Hema Hatee, the PF department official, spotted that between May 2014 to September 2016, money to the tune of Rs 1.26 crore at last count, was regularly deducted from the employees' salary, but was never deposited in the State Bank of India's EPF account.
The officer then filed a complaint with the police, after which an investigation was launched.
Prima facie, the police found malpractices in the company's operation and registered the FIR against the owners.
Confirming the scam, DCP and spokesperson, Dr Rashmi Karandikar said, "We have registered the FIR under section 406 (criminal Breach of trust) and 34 (common intention) of the Indian Penal Code. There are two persons named in FIR, as they are the owners of the company. We have questioned them and are investigating into the matter." | eng_Latn | 28,176 |
what type of crops are grown in yemen | They grow beans, lentils, onions, and tomatoes in gardens. People on the Tihamah raise durra and some dates and cotton. Agriculture in southern Yemen is limited to the few areas with underground water for irrigation. Farmers grow three or four crops a year of barley, millet, sesame, sorghum, and wheat. Since the early 1980's, the Yemenis have worked to turn desert areas into farmland by means of dams, irrigation, and other water and agricultural development projects. Khat is the leading cash crop of Yemen. It comes from the leaves of a woody shrub that grows in the highlands. Coffee is another important cash crop. Coffee plants grow on terraces cut into the hills. Ancient aqueducts (water channels) carry water to the terraces. Aden's oil refinery and port provide Yemen with much of its income. | Broomcorn (Panicum miliaceum) and foxtail millet were important crops beginning in the Early Neolithic of China. For example, some of the earliest evidence of millet cultivation in China was found at Cishan (north). | eng_Latn | 28,177 |
When did the Kefauver-Harris Amendment become a law? | The thalidomide tragedy resurrected Kefauver's bill to enhance drug regulation that had stalled in Congress, and the Kefauver-Harris Amendment became law on 10 October 1962. Manufacturers henceforth had to prove to FDA that their drugs were effective as well as safe before they could go on the US market. The FDA received authority to regulate advertising of prescription drugs and to establish good manufacturing practices. The law required that all drugs introduced between 1938 and 1962 had to be effective. An FDA - National Academy of Sciences collaborative study showed that nearly 40 percent of these products were not effective. A similarly comprehensive study of over-the-counter products began ten years later. | Mining was important in Thuringia since the later Middle Ages, especially within the mining towns of the Thuringian Forest such as Schmalkalden, Suhl and Ilmenau. Following the industrial revolution, the old iron, copper and silver mines declined because the competition from imported metal was too strong. On the other hand, the late 19th century brought new types of mines to Thuringia: the lignite surface mining around Meuselwitz near Altenburg in the east of the Land started in the 1870s, and two potash mining districts were established around 1900. These are the Südharzrevier in the north of the state, between Bischofferode in the west and Roßleben in the east with Sondershausen at its centre, and the Werrarevier on the Hessian border around Vacha and Bad Salzungen in the west. Together, they accounted for a significant part of the world's potash production in the mid-20th century. After the reunification, the Südharzrevier was abandoned, whereas K+S took over the mines in the Werrarevier. Between 1950 and 1990, uranium mining was also important to cover the Soviet Union's need for this metal. The centre was Ronneburg near Gera in eastern Thuringia and the operating company Wismut was under direct Soviet control. | eng_Latn | 28,178 |
What items were found on the Korean farm site? | In 2012, news was released about a new farming site discovered in Munam-ri, Goseong, Gangwon Province, South Korea, which may be the earliest farmland known to date in east Asia. "No remains of an agricultural field from the Neolithic period have been found in any East Asian country before, the institute said, adding that the discovery reveals that the history of agricultural cultivation at least began during the period on the Korean Peninsula". The farm was dated between 3600 and 3000 B.C. Pottery, stone projectile points, and possible houses were also found. "In 2002, researchers discovered prehistoric earthenware, jade earrings, among other items in the area". The research team will perform accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dating to retrieve a more precise date for the site. | Out of former Soviet Union republics Uzbekistan continued and expanded the program of child labour on industrial scale to increase profits on the main source of Islam Karimov's income, cotton harvesting. In September, when school normally starts, the classes are suspended and children are sent to cotton fields for work, where they are assigned daily quotas of 20 to 60 kg of raw cotton they have to collect. This process is repeated in spring, when collected cotton needs to be hoed and weeded. In 2006 it is estimated that 2.7 million children were forced to work this way. | eng_Latn | 28,179 |
To produce rain, clouds are often seeded with crystals of this compound, formula Agl | Science - Ray Sahelian, M.D. Landfill This type of garbage dump, used for about 80% of U.S. waste, often leaks toxic chemicals ..... Eastman He marketed the 1st mass-produced camera .... produce rain, clouds are often seeded with crystals of this compound, formula Agl. | March 2011 ~ World Travel Guide Apart from getting wet, the resort also offers breezy cottages, horseback riding, ... Garden City of Samal and a former cultivation of pearls (that's why it is called ... Any booking request is entertained all the time but the earlier you book, the better ...... the name of Yancheng (city of goats), Guangzhou since the Han dynasty was... | eng_Latn | 28,180 |
We have evidence of zinc production dating back to the 6th century thanks to what mine? | Brass, which is an alloy of copper and zinc, has been used since at least the 10th century BC in Judea and by the 7th century BC in Ancient Greece. Zinc metal was not produced on a large scale until the 12th century in India and was unknown to Europe until the end of the 16th century. The mines of Rajasthan have given definite evidence of zinc production going back to the 6th century BC. To date, the oldest evidence of pure zinc comes from Zawar, in Rajasthan, as early as the 9th century AD when a distillation process was employed to make pure zinc. Alchemists burned zinc in air to form what they called "philosopher's wool" or "white snow". | A monument to the huge human cost of some of the gigantic construction projects of the early Ming dynasty is the Yangshan Quarry (located some 15–20 km (9–12 mi) east of the walled city and Ming Xiaoling mausoleum), where a gigantic stele, cut on the orders of the Yongle Emperor, lies abandoned, just as it was left 600 years ago when it was understood it was impossible to move or complete it. | eng_Latn | 28,181 |
When did the Great Famine happen? | During the British Raj, famines in India, often attributed to failed government policies, were some of the worst ever recorded, including the Great Famine of 1876–78 in which 6.1 million to 10.3 million people died and the Indian famine of 1899–1900 in which 1.25 to 10 million people died. The Third Plague Pandemic in the mid-19th century killed 10 million people in India. Despite persistent diseases and famines, the population of the Indian subcontinent, which stood at about 125 million in 1750, had reached 389 million by 1941. | In 2012, news was released about a new farming site discovered in Munam-ri, Goseong, Gangwon Province, South Korea, which may be the earliest farmland known to date in east Asia. "No remains of an agricultural field from the Neolithic period have been found in any East Asian country before, the institute said, adding that the discovery reveals that the history of agricultural cultivation at least began during the period on the Korean Peninsula". The farm was dated between 3600 and 3000 B.C. Pottery, stone projectile points, and possible houses were also found. "In 2002, researchers discovered prehistoric earthenware, jade earrings, among other items in the area". The research team will perform accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dating to retrieve a more precise date for the site. | eng_Latn | 28,182 |
Zinc oxide is believed to be mentioned in what ancient text? | The Charaka Samhita, thought to have been written between 300 and 500 AD, mentions a metal which, when oxidized, produces pushpanjan, thought to be zinc oxide. Zinc mines at Zawar, near Udaipur in India, have been active since the Mauryan period. The smelting of metallic zinc here, however, appears to have begun around the 12th century AD. One estimate is that this location produced an estimated million tonnes of metallic zinc and zinc oxide from the 12th to 16th centuries. Another estimate gives a total production of 60,000 tonnes of metallic zinc over this period. The Rasaratna Samuccaya, written in approximately the 13th century AD, mentions two types of zinc-containing ores: one used for metal extraction and another used for medicinal purposes. | Even though the Board of Rites and Lifan Yuan performed some duties of a foreign office, they fell short of developing into a professional foreign service. It was not until 1861 — a year after losing the Second Opium War to the Anglo-French coalition — that the Qing government bowed to foreign pressure and created a proper foreign affairs office known as the Zongli Yamen. The office was originally intended to be temporary and was staffed by officials seconded from the Grand Council. However, as dealings with foreigners became increasingly complicated and frequent, the office grew in size and importance, aided by revenue from customs duties which came under its direct jurisdiction. | eng_Latn | 28,183 |
In addition to the New Haven Harbor, what additional natural element is a prominent geographic feature of the area, flanking the northeast and northwest boundaries? | New Haven's best-known geographic features are its large deep harbor, and two reddish basalt trap rock ridges which rise to the northeast and northwest of the city core. These trap rocks are known respectively as East Rock and West Rock, and both serve as extensive parks. West Rock has been tunneled through to make way for the east-west passage of the Wilbur Cross Parkway (the only highway tunnel through a natural obstacle in Connecticut), and once served as the hideout of the "Regicides" (see: Regicides Trail). Most New Haveners refer to these men as "The Three Judges". East Rock features the prominent Soldiers and Sailors war monument on its peak as well as the "Great/Giant Steps" which run up the rock's cliffside. | Underpinning Houston's land surface are unconsolidated clays, clay shales, and poorly cemented sands up to several miles deep. The region's geology developed from river deposits formed from the erosion of the Rocky Mountains. These sediments consist of a series of sands and clays deposited on decaying organic marine matter, that over time, transformed into oil and natural gas. Beneath the layers of sediment is a water-deposited layer of halite, a rock salt. The porous layers were compressed over time and forced upward. As it pushed upward, the salt dragged surrounding sediments into salt dome formations, often trapping oil and gas that seeped from the surrounding porous sands. The thick, rich, sometimes black, surface soil is suitable for rice farming in suburban outskirts where the city continues to grow. | eng_Latn | 28,184 |
What are the two uses of zinc ore mentioned in the Rasaratna Samuccaya? | The Charaka Samhita, thought to have been written between 300 and 500 AD, mentions a metal which, when oxidized, produces pushpanjan, thought to be zinc oxide. Zinc mines at Zawar, near Udaipur in India, have been active since the Mauryan period. The smelting of metallic zinc here, however, appears to have begun around the 12th century AD. One estimate is that this location produced an estimated million tonnes of metallic zinc and zinc oxide from the 12th to 16th centuries. Another estimate gives a total production of 60,000 tonnes of metallic zinc over this period. The Rasaratna Samuccaya, written in approximately the 13th century AD, mentions two types of zinc-containing ores: one used for metal extraction and another used for medicinal purposes. | These reforms were based heavily on French models, as indicated by the adoption of a three-tiered court system. Referred to as Nizamiye, this system was extended to the local magistrate level with the final promulgation of the Mecelle, a civil code that regulated marriage, divorce, alimony, will, and other matters of personal status. In an attempt to clarify the division of judicial competences, an administrative council laid down that religious matters were to be handled by religious courts, and statute matters were to be handled by the Nizamiye courts. | eng_Latn | 28,185 |
why is there mercury in coal? | Coal is composed of highly compacted, dewatered, and dehydrogenated plant material (a process called coalification). The compaction ratio is typically about 20 to 1 for bituminous coals. That means twenty feet of plant material piled up to make one foot of coal. The question of where the mercury came from may still be unanswered, but one group of researchers have suggested that the mercury was absorbed by the ancient plants from the atmosphere and soil while they were living. There is evidence that modern plants have levels of mercury that correspond with the levels found in coal. Even though the mercury levels in coal are low at 0.17 +/- 0.17 ppm the process of burning coal consumes such large volumes of coal that the mercury becomes a serious problem in the emissions from large power plants. | Hey babe please can you come with me to Saudi Arabia to mine oil | eng_Latn | 28,186 |
when was the surface mining control written | Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA, US) Originally passed in 1977, the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA; PL 95-87; 30 USC ch. 25; SMCRA) regulates strip or surface coal mining permits and coal mining area reclamations in the US. The Act is administered by the US Department of the Interior. | Coal strip mine in Wyoming. Surface mining, including strip mining, open-pit mining and mountaintop removal mining, is a broad category of mining in which soil and rock overlying the mineral deposit (the overburden) are removed.t gained popularity throughout the 20th century, and is now the predominant form of mining in coal beds such as those in Appalachia and America's Midwest. In most forms of surface mining, heavy equipment, such as earthmovers, first remove the overburden. | eng_Latn | 28,187 |
other name for mining metals | Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth from an orebody, lode, vein, seam, or reef, which forms the mineralized package of economic interest to the miner.ther methods include shrinkage stope mining, which is mining upward, creating a sloping underground room, long wall mining, which is grinding a long ore surface underground, and room and pillar mining, which is removing ore from rooms while leaving pillars in place to support the roof of the room. | The name Minera has an unusual source, being derived from the low Latin for mine or ore. This name was recorded as early as 1339. The parallel Welsh name Mwynglawdd translates roughly as ore mine. In common with many Welsh settlements, Minera did not develop as a compact 'village' in the English understanding of the word until the 19th century. | eng_Latn | 28,188 |
is copper renewable | No, it is not a renewable resource. Copper is a limited supply in the world, after we dig it all up and put it in use there is no more. No plant makes it from soil nutrients ⦠or condendes it from sunlight. Overall copper makes up 0.00007 percent of the Earth's crust. It is however: recyclablerecoverablereusable. | Copper is bioaccumulative - there are many studies of copper biosorption by soils, plants and animals. But copper in the environment, (such as that in agricultural runoff, in air and soil near copper processing facilities such as smelters and at hazardous waste sites) binds easily to compounds in soil and water, reducing its bioavailability to humans. | eng_Latn | 28,189 |
what is a mine adit | A horizontal passage leading into a mine for the purposes of access or drainage. âFor the next ten years it was leased to tributors who worked the old stopes of the conglomerate lode above the adit level.â. âMany adits, shafts and tunnels, some extending over 100 m, pursue these veins deep underground.â. | An adit (from Latin aditus, entrance) is an entrance to an underground mine which is horizontal or nearly horizontal, by which the mine can be entered, drained of water, ventilated, and minerals extracted at the lowest convenient level.Adits are also used to explore for mineral veins. It is part of a former silver mine, the adit was used for removing the water out of the mine. 2 It still carries water from old galleries to the nearest river, a part of it is open for tourists, who go 20 metres (66 ft) down the steps in one shaft, have a ride in a boat and go up the stairs in another shaft. | eng_Latn | 28,190 |
why do we do proximate analysis of coal | The objective of proximate analysis indicates the percentage by weight of the Fixed Carbon, Volatiles, Ash, and Moisture Content in coal. The amounts of fixed carbon and volatile combustible matter directly contribute to the heating value of coal. | It deals with taking raw coal and producing a saleable product that rtEet:s cnntract specifications by raxoving the i_rtpurities. Coal preparation, as corm-only pracâ ticed today, is carried out in water based processes, and rrnkes heavy use of slurry transport principles and proÅdures. Coal preparation is regarded as the processing of raw coal to yield marketable products and waste (refuse) by rreans that do not destroy the physical and chemical identity Of the coal. Coal is a very heterogeneous up Of different types and varying amounts of mineral ratter. As mined, it cr)ntains all the layers of mal and irrpuriâ | eng_Latn | 28,191 |
how much gold is found during copper mining | In 2014, copper mining produced about 15 metric tons of gold, worth $600 million, which represented 7% of US gold production. Other byproducts of the copper extraction process included silver, and minor amounts of rhenium and platinum-group metals.Sulfuric acid is recovered at copper smelters.opper mining activity increased in the early 2000s because of increased price: the price increased from an average of $0.76 per pound for the year 2002, to $3.02 per pound for 2007. | In humans, copper is found mainly in the liver, muscle, and bone. The adult body contains between 1.4 and 2.1 mg of copper per kilogram of body weight. Hence a healthy human weighing 60 kilogram contains approximately 0.1 g of copper. | eng_Latn | 28,192 |
difference in patented and unpatented mining claim | What is the Difference between a patented and an unpatented mining claim? Patented Mining Claim - is one for which the Federal Government has passed it title to the claimant making it private property. A person may mine and reemove minerals without a patent. A mineral patente gives exclusive title to the locatable minerals as well as the land. | Under clause 23A of Schedule 1 of the Act, a landholder may make a claim that something on the land to which the application for a mining lease relates is a significant improvement. The claim must be submitted in writing to the Secretary of the Department of Industry, and must provide details of the improvements being claimed. | eng_Latn | 28,193 |
Bert Vaux has provided a very useful overview of the evidence for the syllable appendix, emphasizing the wide variety of phenomena that it helps to explain. While I agree with his analysis in most respects, I have suggested that the notion of sonority which underlies his syllabification algorithm is not phonetically undefinable, but may be rooted in the property of perceived resonance. | Feature economy is a principle of sound systems according to which languages tend to maximise the ratio of sounds over features. The major goal of this study is to confirm the predictions of feature economy at the synchronic level, using an objective sampling technique applied to a genetically and areally balanced sample of the world's languages. It also shows that feature economy can be used as a tool in phonological feature analysis, and offers voiced aspirates, voiceless sonorants and various types of glottalised sounds as illustrations. Feature economy applies not only to distinctive feature values, but to redundant values of features that are distinctive or phonologically active elsewhere in the system. Feature economy cannot be reduced to a purely phonetic principle of gesture economy, but may reflect a general principle of linguistic organisation according to which the active categories of a grammatical system tend to be used to maximal effect. | Berzelius failed to make use of Faraday's electrochemical laws in his laborious determination of equivalent weights. | eng_Latn | 28,194 |
Now try to imagine her speaking with a southern accent. | She could use a southern accent. | She has no accent. | eng_Latn | 28,195 |
Bull _dosser_! Damn it, couldn't he even pronounce simple Engaliss? | Damn, can't he even speak basic Engaliss? | Incredible, his enunciation is flawless and without peer. | eng_Latn | 28,196 |
I mean--bull pusher! That was wrong, too, and he tried again, forcing his reluctant tongue around the syllables. | He was having a very difficult time speaking the words. | He spoke with great fluency. | eng_Latn | 28,197 |
It sounded like Ser Perth. | The sound was similar to Ser Perth. | There were no Ser Perth related sounds. | eng_Latn | 28,198 |
But so far, only if the words are improperly pronounced. He gulped and looked gingerly over at the city below. | Everything was fine as long as the words weren't pronounced wrong. | It didn't matter how you pronounced the words. | eng_Latn | 28,199 |
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