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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "\n\nJapanese manga:「母さんはっきりいってこんどはオレ自信があるんだ！」\n\nViz manga: \"I can beat them now, Mom! I know I can!\"\n\nTV Special: \"Quite frankly, I know this time I can take them!\"\n\n* * *\n\nIn Viz, 今度 is translated as \"now\", but in the TV special, it's translated as\n\"this time\". The former translation doesn't necessarily imply Trunks fought\nthe Androids before, whereas the latter does. Could someone clarify which\nversion is more accurate?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-06T19:27:40.787",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74291",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-07T18:24:36.903",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-07T18:24:36.903",
"last_editor_user_id": "925",
"owner_user_id": null,
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"manga",
"reading-comprehension"
],
"title": "Does this dialogue imply Trunks has fought the Androids before?",
"view_count": 144
}
|
[
{
"body": "Obviously spoilers follow for the events of Dragon Ball.\n\nAs with most Japanese excerpts, this should be looked at in the full context.\nThere are a few points that have to be highlighted from Bulma's dialogue\npreceding the line posted here:\n\n * She reminds Trunks about the defeat Gohan suffered at the hands of the Androids and how Trunks witnessed his death.\n * Bulma, having known Gohan for a longer time due to age than Trunks (and lived firsthand mainly through their adventures on Namek, since the timeline divergence occurs during the Android/Cell Saga), implies she has a better understanding of how powerful Gohan was in comparison to Trunks.\n * Bulma concludes that the Gohan from three years ago that died at the hands of the Androids and the Trunks she is talking to now aren't that far in strength, therefore also **_subtly implying_** that if he fights, the outcome of Gohan vs. the Androids from three years ago would occur once again and that he would lose.\n\nTrunks is then telling Bulma that he's certainly confident (はっきりいって) in his\nskills **_now_** (こんどはオレ自身があるんだ), and that she is wrong in her implications.\n\nSo in conclusion, **no** , his phrasing doesn't imply that he has fought the\nAndroids before. They are both basing their opinions around the events of:\n\n * Gohan vs. Androids fight of 3 years ago\n * Trunks' training during that time and the present",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-06T22:30:13.773",
"id": "74292",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-07T14:04:06.193",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-07T14:04:06.193",
"last_editor_user_id": "5427",
"owner_user_id": "5427",
"parent_id": "74291",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
74291
| null |
74292
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "In the sentence \"忘れられない夜にする\" does the verb \"忘れる\" have the function of an\nadjective? What is the meaning of the phrase? Is there any way to make verbs\nhave a Japanese adjectival function?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-07T13:02:16.773",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74294",
"last_activity_date": "2020-03-10T10:01:10.133",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-09T09:35:48.050",
"last_editor_user_id": "22186",
"owner_user_id": "36192",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"relative-clauses"
],
"title": "verbs with adjectival function?",
"view_count": 153
}
|
[
{
"body": "does verb \"忘れる\" have the function of an adjective - You usually call it an\nembedded clause, or a relative clause (in English grammar). The meaning is:\nthe night that I cannot forget. But you are right, technically it serves as an\nadjective, is this case as an i-adjective.\n\nis there any way to make Verbs have a Japanese adjective function? - Every\nclause in short form can work in that way, as any clause ends with a verb.\nSomething more complicated: 家族と住んでいる家 - the house in which I live with my\nfamily, uses the clause 家族と住んでいる - I live with my family, as embedded clause.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-07T13:40:10.483",
"id": "74295",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-07T13:40:10.483",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "35365",
"parent_id": "74294",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "> in sentence \"忘れられない夜にする\" does verb \"忘れる\" have the function of an adjective?\n\nYes, because it is modifying a noun. The meaning of it here is as if the\nEnglish adjective \"unforgettable\".\n\n> What is the meaning of the phrase?\n\nIt means \"Make this an unforgettable evening\". The \"ni suru\" part means \"make\nthis\". Who is making it so depends on context but usually that would be the\nspeaker.\n\n> is there any way to make Verbs have a Japanese adjective function?\n\nYour question seems to answer itself - you have a verb modifying a noun as if\nit is like the English adjective \"unforgettable\" - \"an unforgettable evening\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-08T13:05:43.653",
"id": "74326",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-08T13:05:43.653",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
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"parent_id": "74294",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
74294
| null |
74295
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74297",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I hear native speakers using で or was it でー when speaking a lot at the\nbeginning of a sentence. Judging by context, I think it translates to either\n\"and\" or \"therefore\" or \"so\" or \"because of that\", but I might be wrong. An\nexample usage I have heard (if i recall) would be as follows: 1. で、言いたいのは何？ 2.\nこれは他人のものですよ。で、取っちゃダメ\n\nI've only ever heard it in speech and never seen in in writing. So the\nquestion is, in casual written context, would it be written as \n`で、言いたいのは何` or \n`でー、言いたいのは何` or \n`でー言いたいのは何` (notice that there is no comma) or \n`で言いたいのは何` (notice that there is no comma) \n\nI know it sounds (very) trivial, but I'm just curious which is the correct\nform\n\nI am tagging it as slang at the moment, but do let me know if there are better\ntags",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-07T15:02:16.720",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74296",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-07T15:52:47.453",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-07T15:52:47.453",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36603",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"colloquial-language",
"orthography",
"conjunctions"
],
"title": "で at the beginning of a sentence",
"view_count": 634
}
|
[
{
"body": "> Judging by context, I think it translates to either \"and\" or \"therefore\" or\n> \"so\" or \"because of that\", but I might be wrong.\n\nYou are not wrong. 「で」 is an extremely common conjunction meaning \"and\", \"and\nthen\", \"for that reason\", etc.\n\nIt is an informal/colloquial form of 「それで」、「そういうわけで」, etc.\n\nSince 「で」 is informal, it is not used in formal writing or speech, but it is\noften used in informal writing and speech.\n\nWhen it is used in writing, it is mostly in the form of 「で、～～～」 with a comma.\nIn very casual texting among young people, however, the comma may be dropped.\n\n「でー」 or 「でぇ」 with elongation is quite common in speech, but not very in\nwriting.\n\nFinally, though it is informal, it is not slang by any stretch.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-07T15:23:51.893",
"id": "74297",
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"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
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"parent_id": "74296",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
74296
|
74297
|
74297
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74317",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "There are many usages of もん, but the one I am interested in is using もん to\nreplace もの (tangible noun). For example: \n\n`安いもん` (lit translation: cheap stuff) can be used to replace `安いもの`\n\nThe question is, can it be used to modify a sentence into a noun in a complex\nsentence? For example:\n\n`このナイフは安いもんが結構鋭いわよ` (Notice that the もん modifies the sentence into a noun in a\ncomplex sentence)\n\nIf I recall correctly, this is grammatically wrong because もん can only replace\nもの if and only if it is at the end of the sentence. For example, the sentence\n`このナイフは安いもん` is grammatically correct, but not `このナイフは安いもんが結構鋭いわよ`.\n\nI realize that one will still definitely understand the meaning of the\nsentence perfectly well, but is this structure actually ever used?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-07T15:49:11.790",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74298",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-08T04:04:43.210",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36603",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"title": "replacing もの (noun) with もん (noun)",
"view_count": 146
}
|
[
{
"body": "You're right that もの(物) \"thing\" \"stuff\" can be contracted to もん, eg 安い[物]{もの},\n[良]{い}い[物]{もの}, 欲しい[物]{もの} → 安いもん, いいもん, 欲しいもん etc. in colloquial speech,\nespecially in Kansai.\n\n> このナイフは安いもん\n\nIt makes sense, but grammatically speaking it's not a _full_ sentence; to say\n\"This knife is cheap stuff\", you need a copula だ/です at the end.\n\n> このナイフは安い物です。 \n> このナイフは安いもんだ。\n\n... but [安物]{やすもの} would be more common/natural in this case:\n\n> このナイフは安物です。 \n> このナイフは安もんだ。\n\n* * *\n\n> \"This knife is cheap stuff, **but** it is pretty sharp\" \n> このナイフは安いもん **が** 結構鋭いわよ。\n\nThe conjunctive particle が (\"but\") should be attached to the terminal form\n(終止形) of a verb, adjective, etc., like this:\n\n> このナイフは安物 **です** が、結構鋭いですよ。 \n> このナイフは安物/安もん **だ** が、結構鋭い。\n\nOr more colloquially:\n\n> このナイフ、安もんだけど、結構鋭いわよ。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-08T03:59:39.277",
"id": "74317",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-08T04:04:43.210",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-08T04:04:43.210",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "74298",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
74298
|
74317
|
74317
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74308",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In all of the resources I use (incl _Genki_ , _A Dictionary of Basic Japanese\nGrammar_ , various websites), the `～ほうがいい` construction is nearly universally\ntranslated \"had better ~\" and rarely includes the word \"should ~\". This is\nwhile noting that `～ほうがいい` is a polite suggestion. Nearly all example\nsentences I find use the translation \"had better ~\".\n\nAs a native speaker of English (Eastern Canada), the phrase \"You'd better ~\"\nrings quite assertive and somewhat condescending, and in polite speech I would\nrarely elect to use that phrase over \"should\". In fact, \"You'd better ~\" would\nbe reserved for people I was familiar and casual with.\n\nIs it wrong to translate the phrase `～ほうがいい` as \"should\" in the typical case,\nor to use it where I would use \"should\" in English?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-07T15:53:29.363",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74299",
"last_activity_date": "2021-02-08T07:26:12.290",
"last_edit_date": "2021-02-08T04:18:32.960",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "34976",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"modality"
],
"title": "Translating ～ほうがいい as 'should' -- why does this seem rare?",
"view_count": 188
}
|
[
{
"body": "This is one of the Seven Wonders of English Education in Japan of which my\npoor English is a product.\n\nLong story short, I can guarantee as an average native Japanese speaker that\n「～～ほうがいい」 is closer in both meaning and nuance to \"should\" than to \"had\nbetter\".\n\nI was taught the complete opposite in junior high school in Japan (I was\nindeed taught \"had better\" sounded **softer** than \"should\") and it took me\n7-8 years to realize that I was taught wrong. I had a chance to speak with a\nfew Americans when I was around 21 about this matter and every one of them\ntold me with confidence that what we had been taught was incorrect.\n\nAssuming that the authors of your textbooks have received the same type of\nEnglish education in Japan, the topic that you have brought up this time would\nonly be a natural result. They are simply teaching you what they have been\ntaught.\n\nOnce again, 「(Verb) + ほうがいい」 with no context (and said with no sarcasm), is\ncloser to \"should + (verb)\". A phrase such as 「絶対{ぜったい} + (Verb) + べきだ」 is\nclose to \"had better (Verb)\".\n\nI think that the word \"better\" innocently lead our nation into believing that\n「ほうがいい」 was the appropriate translation, which would actually be \"true\" if it\nwere just \"better\" instead of the more idiomatic \"had better\".",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-07T22:15:51.953",
"id": "74308",
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"parent_id": "74299",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
] |
74299
|
74308
|
74308
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74311",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In constructs like ～が原因で起こった～ is the で the て form of だ?\n\nFor example in: 旦那や子どもへの嫉妬が原因で起こったママ友トラブル\n\nI assume it is for the が to make sense, but I can't find any information on\nthis, so if anyone knows an answer would be greatly appreciated!",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-07T16:07:31.607",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74300",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-07T23:14:34.523",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-07T16:19:59.047",
"last_editor_user_id": "1035",
"owner_user_id": "1035",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"copula"
],
"title": "Is the で in ～が原因で～ the copula?",
"view_count": 167
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 「旦那{だんな}や子{こ}どもへの嫉妬{しっと}が原因{げんいん} **で** 起{お}こったママ友{とも}トラブル」\n\nThat 「で」 is a particle and not a copula.\n\nIt can generally be said that 「で」 would be a particle unless it could\ngrammatically and contextually be replaced by 「であり」、「であって」、「であり、そして」, etc.\n\nIn the phrase in question, the 「で」 cannot be replaced by one of those phrases.\n\nA good example of the copula 「で」 can be seen in this Q&A:\n\n[How to parse\n中国人で日本語が話せる方は、お電話ください。](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/24917/how-\nto-\nparse-%e4%b8%ad%e5%9b%bd%e4%ba%ba%e3%81%a7%e6%97%a5%e6%9c%ac%e8%aa%9e%e3%81%8c%e8%a9%b1%e3%81%9b%e3%82%8b%e6%96%b9%e3%81%af-%e3%81%8a%e9%9b%bb%e8%a9%b1%e3%81%8f%e3%81%a0%e3%81%95%e3%81%84)\n\nIf you had a sentence such as:\n\n> 「トラブルの原因はＡ **で** 、Ｂではない。」\n\nthen, that 「で」 in bold would certainly be a copula in the 連用形{れんようけい}\n(\"continuative form\").",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-07T23:06:44.990",
"id": "74311",
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"parent_id": "74300",
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"score": 2
}
] |
74300
|
74311
|
74311
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74310",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "In english, someone trying to be amusing might say\n\n```\n\n That thing is definitely a cat. Definitely. Probably. Hopefully. Please be \n \n```\n\nor something cheesy along those lines to (try) to amuse someone else.\n\nFor those who don't see what's amusing about the sentence, the person saying\nthe sentence starts of by asserting that he is 100% sure, then his confidence\nslowly tapers down till the point he is praying that it's true (of course, the\ngoal is just to instill some amusement). Hopefully, that gives enough context\nof the sentence\n\nI don't know if this is the right place to ask, but the question is, how does\none say \"hopefully\" and \"please be\" in that context? Google translate tells me\nit's \"うまくいけば\" and \"してください\", but that's definitely wrong especially when using\nit in this context. Or does Japanese not have these kinds of words that are\nused in this context\n\nI'll remove this question if this is not the place to ask these kinds of\nquestions",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-07T16:47:38.727",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74301",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-11T16:02:47.613",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-07T16:53:45.373",
"last_editor_user_id": "36603",
"owner_user_id": "36603",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"title": "An equivalent of the word \"hopefully\" and \"please be\"in japanese when used in a certain context",
"view_count": 714
}
|
[
{
"body": "> \"That thing is definitely a cat. Definitely. Probably. Hopefully. Please\n> be.\"\n\nThe easier one first -- \"Please be\". Native speakers' (or perhaps just my)\nphrase choices would be:\n\n> 「そうであってください！」 or\n>\n> 「そうでありますように！」\n\nThe 「そう」 part can be replaced by 「ネコ」 above.\n\nMoving on to \"hopefully\"...\n\nHow this is said might differ greatly from one person to another. Natural-\nsounding phrases would include:\n\n> 「（そう）だといいん（だけど/ですけど）」 Can drop the 「そう」.\n>\n> 「そう願{ねが}って（る）」\n>\n> 「恐{おそ}らくそうだ（と思{おも}う）」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-07T22:48:06.133",
"id": "74310",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
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"parent_id": "74301",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "Well, when you say \"in a certain context\", I'm not unfamiliar with this\npattern of laughable line in Japanese stories either, except that the wording\nwould be not quite like a literal translation of English.\n\nExamples (all assumed younger male (because you keep using \"he\") in casual\nconversation):\n\n> あれは猫に決まってるだろ。絶対……たぶん……きっと……だよな！？\n>\n> あれはどう見ても猫だろ。絶対……恐らく……そうだと言ってくれ、頼むから！\n>\n> あれは猫だろ、絶対。いや、気がする。……信じてる。……ワンチャンっ…！\n\nFYI the last word ワンチャン{LHHHH} is a recent buzzword whose full meaning is like\n\"although the hope is slim but what if I've got one chance...?\" or practically\na synonym of \"with any luck\". Don't pronounce it わんちゃん{HLLLL} because it means\n\"doggo\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-11T16:02:47.613",
"id": "74372",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-11T16:02:47.613",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "7810",
"parent_id": "74301",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
74301
|
74310
|
74310
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Started learning Japanese two weeks ago and don't know which one is more\nnatural.\n\n雨が漸く止めた。\n\nOR\n\n雨漸くが止めた。",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-07T16:52:29.563",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74302",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-07T21:19:54.483",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36802",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"particle-が"
],
"title": "What's more grammatically correct?",
"view_count": 68
}
|
[
{
"body": "(One thing to note: やめる or とめる are not the correct choice of verb for rain\nstopping; that is やむ, past tense やんだ)\n\nYou cannot put an adverb like ようやく between a particle and the noun it connects\ntoo. There are two positions one can insert ようやく in this sentence: in the\nmiddle, and right before the verb.\n\nようやく雨が止んだ\n\n雨がようやく止んだ\n\nThese two sentences are both correct, but not 雨ようやくが止んだ.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-07T21:19:54.483",
"id": "74305",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-07T21:19:54.483",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9971",
"parent_id": "74302",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
74302
| null |
74305
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74334",
"answer_count": 4,
"body": "I'm been starting to try to read some Japanese novels recently, and one thing\nthat struck me was that when furigana is used, it seemed to show up in the\nmost unnecessary places.\n\nFor example, in the first few pages of Haruki Murakami [The Wind-Up Bird\nChronicle (ねじまき鳥クロニクル)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wind-\nUp_Bird_Chronicle), furigana was given for\n\n猫 【ねこ】、椅子【いす】、眺【なが】める、泥棒【どろぼう】、恰好【かっこう】、悪戯【いたずら】、and 蜘蛛【くも】,\n\nall of which are common words that I'd guess are easily readable by most\nJapanese 10-year olds.\n\nMaybe the last two are there since those words are usually written in kana,\nbut the first two for example, make no sense at all.",
"comment_count": 3,
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"creation_date": "2020-02-07T22:01:51.787",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"furigana"
],
"title": "Why does furigana often appear in the most unnecessary places in Japanese books?",
"view_count": 645
}
|
[
{
"body": "It's not clear to me that furigana often appears in places where it isn't\nnecessary. Possible explanations for the use in the case of your book are that\nthe first character of isu used not to be in the Joyo kanji list until 2010,\nand there is also a rule that animal and plant names should be in katakana.",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2020-02-08T12:32:51.560",
"id": "74325",
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"body": "As @Chocolate states in the related link, I believe it has more to do with the\nage/grade the kanji are taught in school, rather than the commonality of them.\nSo even though 猫 might be seen pretty often by young kids,\n[several](http://nihongo.monash.edu/jouyoukanji.html)\n[sources](https://kanjicards.org/kanji-list-by-grade.html) indicate that it is\nnot taught until junior high school (beyond 6th grade).",
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"creation_date": "2020-02-08T20:15:40.710",
"id": "74333",
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"body": "I think the reasons are all various. According to the Association of Japanese\nNewspapers, 椅子 is “a word with complex kanji or an existing tradition of\nwriting in hiragana,” that should prescriptively be supported by hiragana in\nwriting. 猫, meanwhile, is a word that is known from childhood but its kanji is\ntaught relatively late. 悪戯 is a very non-Jōyō usage, not listed among the\nallowed non-standard readings in the Jōyō, 蜘蛛 is literally made of non-Jōyō\nkanji. The novel was published in 1994-95, so 眺める and 泥棒 can be explained by\nthe fact that 眺 and 泥 are still recent additions of 1981 and not everyone is\nguaranteed to know them. Only 格好 remains an outlier, but perhaps it is used in\na context where rendaku is possible, to prevent がっこう? Also, apparently, in\nspoken Japanese it can be reduced to かっこ, and it could be to prevent that.",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2020-02-08T20:20:24.140",
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"body": "In addition to the other answers, I have also seen cases where, when dialogue\nis spoken by young children, sometimes the lines they say will use additional\nfurigana (or just writing words out in kana instead of kanji) to give the\nfeeling of the words being spoken by a young person (i.e. the included\nfurigana/kana is made appropriate to the age of the speaking character, not\nnecessarily the age of the expected reader, for stylistic effect)",
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74307
|
74334
|
74334
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "74316",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In the Duolingo courses I came across the sentence:\n\n`この言葉の意味を答えてください。`\n\ntranslated as:\n\n`Please tell me the meaning of this word.`\n\nThe thing is 答える is an intransitive verb (自動詞); and in other sentences things\nlike 質問に答える are being used.\n\nSo the question about why on that particular sentences it uses を...\n\nI am familiar with the use of を for intransitive verbs of _motion_.\n\n * 学校に行く : to go to school (に marks the purpose, the goal)\n * 公園を歩く: to walk in(across) the park (を marks the medium by which the walking is done)\n\nSo I suppose it is something similar:\n\n * 質問に答える : answer to a question (に marks the purpose, the goal)\n * 意味を答える : answer \"with/by\" a meaning (を marking the \"medium\" by which the answering is done: trough the meaning) \n\nNote that that last point is just a speculation of mine. \nWhile there are various examples of ~を答える to be found, even in dictionaries; I\nhaven't seen so far an explanation of it (for 答える; for verbs of motion yes, a\nlot), and so I am not fully confident my interpretation is correct. \nAdvice from a native speaker of more knowledgeable would be welcome.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-07T22:43:43.823",
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"id": "74309",
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"owner_user_id": "36252",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-を"
],
"title": "is を答える similar to を歩く?",
"view_count": 410
}
|
[
{
"body": "答える is a transitive verb, too.\n\n明鏡国語辞典 says:\n\n> こたえる【答える】 \n> 〘 **他** 下一〙相手の質問などに対して、言葉を返す。返事をする。「問われるままにありのままを答えた」 \n> 〘自下一〙問題を解いて答えを出す。解答する。「次の問いに答えよ」\n\nSo in your examples:\n\n「質問 **に** 答える」 ← the 答える is intransitive \n「意味 **を** 答える」 ← the 答える is transitive\n\n* * *\n\nAs a side note, verbs that can be both transitive and intransitive include:\n\n[開]{ひら}く -- 「ドアが開く」「傘を開く」 \n[閉]{と}じる -- 「つぼみが閉じる」「目を閉じる」 \n[終]{お}わる -- 「戦争が終わる」「授業を終わる」 \n[増]{ま}す -- 「食欲が増す」「水かさを増す」 \n[引]{ひ}く -- 「腫れがひく」「辞書をひく」 \n[吹]{ふ}く -- 「風が吹く」「笛を吹く」 \n[触]{ふ}れる -- 「脈が触れる」「手を触れる」 \netc.",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2020-02-08T02:49:39.953",
"id": "74316",
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74309
|
74316
|
74316
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "74319",
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"body": "I want to ask \"What makes your mouth water?\" in Japanese, but I'm not quite\nsure what is the right way. I was thinking of saying: あなたは何でよだれが出る？",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-08T00:50:31.363",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74312",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-02-08T05:57:51.870",
"last_editor_user_id": "22186",
"owner_user_id": "36231",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"phrases",
"phrase-requests",
"questions"
],
"title": "How would you ask \"What makes your mouth water?\" in Japanese?",
"view_count": 317
}
|
[
{
"body": "Unless it is not an idiomatic phrase, for instance probably talking to\ndogs,「あなたは何{なん}でよだれが出{で}る？」might be a decent translation of \"What makes your\nmouth waters?\"(probably 「よだれが出{で}ている」 is more appropriate since \"what makes\nyou...\" induces involuntary movement).\n\nHowever, when you are asking \"What is your the most favorite food?\" to your\nfriends, probably the translation could\nbe「思{おも}わずよだれが出{で}る/垂{た}れる食べものは何{なん}ですか？ 」or something like that.\n\nIn Japanese, the expression could be used for not only making saliva in your\nmouth but also it could be used for the symptom which is ravenously collecting\nsomething such as a plastic model/manga/video game which is already out of\nproduction(It is mostly expressed 「マニア垂涎{すいぜん}の品物{しなもの}」or something.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-08T05:29:08.643",
"id": "74319",
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{
"body": "> あなたは何でよだれが出る\n\nJust from the writing it looks like you wrote なんで (why) but you probably\nintended \"nani de\", right? The way you have written it, it looks like you are\nsaying \"why does your mouth water\".\n\nTo formulate your question, I would say \"どういうときによだれが出るか\" (literally \"at what\noccasions/times does your mouth water\"). You could also say \"どの場面\" or\nsomething, or どういう食べ物を見たらよだれが出る\".\n\n\"Anata\" is not a very common word in Japanese, for some reason or another, so\nyou probably can drop that.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-08T07:45:16.413",
"id": "74322",
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74312
|
74319
|
74319
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
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"body": "My understanding is that the Japanese equivalent of \"-iru/eru\" verbs or \"group\n2 verbs\" are the groups 上一段活用動詞｛かみいちだんかつようどうし｝ and 下一段活用動詞｛しもいちだんかつようどうし｝,\nwhere 上一段活用動詞 represents the -iru verbs and 下一段活用動詞 represents the -eru verbs.\nHowever, since the conjugations are identical, why is this distinction made?\n[This video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PtLaXgMcoRc) seems to make a\ndistinction between them implying that the differences are as important as the\ndifference between group 1 and group 3 verbs, but of course this is not the\ncase. It appears that other grammar resources in Japanese also make an effort\nto distinguish 上一段 and 下一段 verbs as well. Why?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-08T00:53:26.367",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74314",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-08T01:19:34.547",
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"owner_user_id": "33505",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"verbs",
"conjugations"
],
"title": "「上一段・下一段」活用動詞 - why are these groups separate?",
"view_count": 222
}
|
[
{
"body": "> ... grammar resources in Japanese also make an effort to distinguish 上一段 and\n> 下一段 verbs as well. Why?\n\nAt its most basic, //i// is not //e//. :)\n\nDigging deeper, there do appear to be subtle historical differences. For\ninstance, many of the 下一段 verbs have corresponding root 五段 verbs, such as つける\n↔ つく, or corresponding not-quite-root 五段 verbs, such as ひろめる ↔ ひろまる or でる ↔\nだす. Meanwhile, there are much fewer 上一段 verbs to begin with, and these appear\nto be less likely to have 五段 near-relatives.\n\nFor non-native learners of Japanese, the distinctions between the two are\nlargely irrelevant: as you note, in terms of the basics of learning\nconjugation patterns, the two are mostly identical. You've got to be pretty\ndeep into Japanese structure and etymology before this starts to matter much.\nFor native speakers, this is more of a big deal, which may be why monolingual\nJapanese materials appear to emphasize this more than English-language\nmaterials do.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-08T01:19:34.547",
"id": "74315",
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74314
| null |
74315
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Both words are defined as \"To make up for\". What is the difference and in what\ncontexts are these words used?\n\nThanks in advance.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-08T04:06:33.703",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74318",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-08T10:04:58.620",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36757",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"words",
"word-usage"
],
"title": "What is the difference between 補う vs 埋め合わせる",
"view_count": 120
}
|
[
{
"body": "補う means \"to add what's missing\", \"to support where something is lacking\".\nE.g. 補い合う means to be complementary to each other. Examples are\n弱点を補う、ビタミンDの不足を補う and so on. It's typically used when the intention is to be\nbetter, more productive etc.\n\n埋め合わせる means \"to equalize\". Compared to 補う, it's used for rather \"defensive\"\nsituations like 損失を埋め合わせる、代替品で埋め合わせる and means more like \"make do with/get by\nwith\".\n\nE.g. 欠点を補い合う sounds very natural and positive, but 欠点を埋め合わせ合う sounds very\nnegative (almost depressing) and odd.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2020-02-08T09:29:15.503",
"id": "74323",
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74318
| null |
74323
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74321",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I learn Japanese by watching 深夜食堂 myself. In the introduction of an episode,\nthe main character says \"あとはかってにちゅうもんしてくれりゃ\".\n\nI am able to figure out the meaning of the whole sentence by watching\ntranslated subtitle. However, I have no idea when and how to use the phrase\n\"してくれりゃ\".\n\nSo, what is the modality when you use \"してくれりゃ\"? How to use it correctly ?",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2020-02-08T05:50:16.417",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74320",
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"owner_user_id": "35746",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"colloquial-language",
"contractions"
],
"title": "How to interpret \"あとはかってにちゅうもんしてくれりゃ\"?",
"view_count": 601
}
|
[
{
"body": "くれ **りゃ** is a colloquial, contracted pronunciation of くれ **れば**.\n\nFor this kind of contraction, see this thread:\n\n * [What is the meaning of りゃ in this phrase?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/12524/9831)\n\n注文してくれれば breaks down to...\n\n> 注文して -- \"order\", the て-form of the する-verb 「注文する」 \n> くれれば* -- \"if you do ~~ (for me)\", the conditional form of the subsidiary\n> verb 「くれる」 \n> (*ば is a conjunctive particle)\n\nFor more on the subsidiary verb くれる:\n\n * [Differences between くれます, もらいます and いただきます](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/260/9831)\n\nSo the sentence literally means:\n\n> あとは、[勝手]{かって}に[注文]{ちゅうもん}してくれりゃ、～～ \n> \"Other than that, if you order as you like, then~~\"\n\n* * *\n\nThis contraction (eba→ya) might sound a bit masculine/rough. A few examples...\n\n> 「そうならそうと、最初から言って **くれりゃ** いいじゃねえか。」 \n> 「払うもん払って **くれりゃ** 、もう用はねえよ。」",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2020-02-08T06:12:03.730",
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74320
|
74321
|
74321
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74329",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "From Assimil's \"Japanese With Ease\" volume 2, lesson 72, sentence 10.\n\n>\n> その上【うえ】一人【ひとり】で起【お】き上【あ】がれないから,そのたんびに起【お】こしてやり,半【はん】日【にち】かかって,やっとひとつの山【やま】から降【お】りられた。\n\nその上【うえ】一人【ひとり】で起【お】き上【あ】がれないから, Furthermore since he couldn't stand up alone\n\nそのたんびに起【お】こしてやり,I had to help him up each time\n\n半【はん】日【にち】かかって,it took half a day\n\nやっとひとつの山【やま】から降【お】りられた。to finally be able to descend from the mountain once\n\n> ,そのたんびに起【お】こしてやり,\n\nI don't understand why it is 起【お】こしてやりand not 起【お】こしてやって.\n\n1.)[Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_verb_conjugation#i_form)\nsays the i-form can be used in conjunctions in formal writing. I assume that\nthis is happening here, am I assuming correctly?\n\n1.a) If not, what is happening here?\n\n2.) Could 起【お】こしてやって, be used instead?\n\n2.a)If not, why?\n\n2.b)If so, how would it change the feeling/meaning of the sentence?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-08T13:07:23.297",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74327",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-08T13:48:26.437",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-08T13:48:26.437",
"last_editor_user_id": "36811",
"owner_user_id": "36811",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"て-form",
"conjunctions",
"renyōkei"
],
"title": "やり い-form conjunction vs て-form conjunction",
"view_count": 146
}
|
[
{
"body": "1. Yes, you're right. For more about the use of 連用形 as a conjunction, see:\n\n * [Is there a term for using conjugating verbs such that the sentence continues with another clause?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/9771/9831)\n * [Removal of て in Japanese novels](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/70321/9831)\n 2. Yes, you can rephrase the 起こしてやり as 起こしてやって in your example. \nIt doesn't change the semantic meaning. 起こしてやって would be a little less\nformal/literary than 起こしてやり.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2020-02-08T13:40:27.340",
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74327
|
74329
|
74329
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74330",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Appending くれる to the て form of a (normal) verb means that someone else did the\nwork. For example:\n\n`食べてくれた` - (someone) ate it (and I am happy he ate it) \n\nThe sentence above has a nuance that the person who ate, did a favour to me,\nand that favour was that he ate the food (whatever the reason, he did me a\nfavour).\n\nThe question is, what if I didn't want that someone to eat the food, but that\nsomeone still ate the food (and I am pissed about it). In this case, will it\nbe possible to use the same sentence structure? I.e:\n\n`食べてくれた` - (someone) ate it (and I am super pissed that he ate it) \n\nIf it is possible to use くれる even in the second example above, a second\nquestion arises and that is, how would I know if the action done was in favour\nof or was in spite of me. For example, if someone was to tell me `食べてくれたな`,\nhow would I know if he is pissed that I ate it, or he is happy that I ate it?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-08T13:27:49.563",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74328",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-08T14:22:10.767",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36603",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"giving-and-receiving"
],
"title": "appending くれる to verbs for unwanted things that someone else did",
"view_count": 158
}
|
[
{
"body": "> what if I didn't want that someone to eat the food, but that someone still\n> ate the food (and I am pissed about it).\n\nHow about 「食べ **やがった** (な)。」「食べ **やがって** ！」, using 「やがる」? \nYou can also say 「 **よくも** 食べやがったな。」「 **よくも** 食べやがって！」 or just 「 **よくも**\n食べたな！」 \n(But please note that 「～やがる」 and 「よくも」 both sound pretty strong, angry and\nrough.)\n\n> will it be possible to use the same sentence structure?\n\nYes, you could say 「食べて **くれた** な。」 _sarcastically_. \nYou could also say 「 **よくも** 食べてくれたな。」, where よくも explicitly shows that you're\npissed off.\n\n> how would I know if the action done was in favour of or was in spite of me.\n> For example, if someone was to tell me 食べてくれたな, how would I know if he is\n> pissed that I ate it, or he is happy that I ate it?\n\nI think you should just see from the tone of the voice and the speaker's\nfacial expression.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/x1e1J.jpg)",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-08T14:00:13.887",
"id": "74330",
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"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
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"score": 2
}
] |
74328
|
74330
|
74330
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74339",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "On the television the other day, there were some people talking about how the\nword 「しっとり」 applied to food can't be translated exactly into other languages.\nIt seems that 「しっとり」 could be translated into \"moist\" when talking about a\ncake for example, we say a cake is \"moist\". Are the TV people right that\n「しっとり」 is untranslatable?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-09T03:55:32.630",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74337",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-10T12:55:04.910",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-09T14:11:24.740",
"last_editor_user_id": "34735",
"owner_user_id": null,
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"translation",
"onomatopoeia"
],
"title": "Translations of「しっとり」for describing food",
"view_count": 234
}
|
[
{
"body": "According to the search on\n[cookpad](https://cookpad.com/search/%E3%81%97%E3%81%A3%E3%81%A8%E3%82%8A?order=date&recipe_hit=51369),\nat the moment「しっとり」has the hit of 51,369 menus.\n\nFor instance, _\"Gateau chocolate\"_ :「しっとり濃厚★ガトーショコラ」, _\"Chocolate cookie\"_ :「\nバレンタイン♡しっとり生チョコクッキー 」, _\"Chicken Ham\"_ :「しっとり鳥胸ハム」, _\"Banana Cake\"_\n:「しっとりバナナケーキ」, _\"Tofu Donuts\"_ :「しっとり簡単豆腐ドーナツ」, _\"Rice flour crepe\"_\n:「もちもち&しっとり米粉クレープ」, etc.\n\nIf the texture of food is \"moist\", you can safely use it to any kinds of food.\n\nI am not sure why they said that the word is untranslatable. Unless the food\nis the thing which you can not eat outside Japan or hard to find, it should be\ntranslatable.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-09T05:31:16.453",
"id": "74339",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "34735",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
},
{
"body": "In my opinion, calling しっとり untranslatable in the context of food is a rather\nflippant exaggeration. The English word 'moist' is a perfectly good\ntranslation in many cases. It is common to describe a cake as 'moist',\ninvoking the idea of it being soft or luscious. しっとり has a similar sense of a\nhigh moisture content giving the food item a pleasing feeling in the mouth.\n\nTo be honest, I would say there are very few (if any) untranslatable words in\nany language. If you insist on having a one-word to one-word correspondence,\nthen maybe you could argue there are words which have no counterpart in other\nlanguages. But who is insisting on that? Language is such a flexible thing\nthat concepts can generally be rendered easily into other languages.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-09T16:59:49.847",
"id": "74344",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-09T17:20:15.417",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-09T17:20:15.417",
"last_editor_user_id": "10045",
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"score": 2
}
] |
74337
|
74339
|
74339
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74342",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I've tried looking up this word in dictionaries + translate tools, it all say\nthe word 「うめる」means is \"to bury\". So what does it mean in this sentence?\n\n```\n\n わかるところからうめるようにしましょう。\n \n```\n\nI read it on the start section of a textbook, so I guess it means something\nlike \"this book will explain everything a little by little\", but I'm not sure\nis it true or not.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-09T07:36:41.883",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74341",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-09T08:07:54.843",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "26478",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"words"
],
"title": "What does 「うめる」means in this sentence?",
"view_count": 190
}
|
[
{
"body": "[埋]{う}める can also mean \"to fill in (a form, blank)\".\n\neg\n\n> [空欄]{くうらん}を[埋]{う}めましょう。 \n> Fill in the blanks.\n\n* * *\n\nTo break your sentence into smaller chunks...\n\n> わかる -- understand, know the answer to \n> ところ -- the part \n> から -- from, starting from \n> うめる -- fill in, fill up, fill out \n> ようにしましょう -- let's try, please try",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-09T07:55:45.553",
"id": "74342",
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"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "74341",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
74341
|
74342
|
74342
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74353",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "My dictionary says that けいえい 【経営】 is pronounced in one syllable with one\nreally long vowel. Is this how it really is pronounced? Is there a tone change\nor a brief pause between the kanji? Or do you just hold the ei vowel for an\nextended period?\n\nEdit: it’s 白檜辞書。It uses Siri’s voice to simulate pronunciations, which is why\nI have my doubts if it’s accurate here.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-09T17:16:42.210",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74345",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-10T07:19:32.903",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-09T18:34:22.210",
"last_editor_user_id": "34142",
"owner_user_id": "34142",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"vowels"
],
"title": "けいえい 【経営】pronunciation",
"view_count": 346
}
|
[
{
"body": "> My dictionary says that けいえい 【経営】 is pronounced in one syllable with one\n> really long vowel.\n\nHaving lived all of my life in Japan as a native speaker, I have never heard\nthe word 「経営」 pronounced that way.\n\nIn most cases (like over 99% of the time), it is pronounced:\n\n> 「けーえー」\n\nin two elongated syllables.\n\nOnce in a while (the remaining less than 1 %) when a person needs/wants to\nemphatically pronounce it for some specific reason, that person might\npronounce it:\n\n> 「け・い・え・い」\n\nin four exaggerated syllables.\n\nAgain, I do not even know how 「経営」 could possibly be pronounced in one\nsyllable. In addition, even if such pronunciation were possible (like\n「けーーー」?), almost no one would understand what word it would be if pronounced\nthat way.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-10T01:21:29.053",
"id": "74353",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-10T01:50:06.137",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-10T01:50:06.137",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "74345",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
},
{
"body": "Basically, Japanese language syllables are attributed to each Kana characters,\nso, formalized pronunciation of 'けいえい' is, [Ke-I-E-I], which has four\nsyllables. (Even 'ん' would form single syllable in this formalization.) But in\npractice, sequences of vowels like \"e-i\" comes compounded and would be\npronounced in semi-single syllable so, in most cases, in casual dialogs, we\npronounce it as [Kei-Ei] in two syllables, although usually we don't really\naware about syllables.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-10T05:07:16.383",
"id": "74356",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-10T07:19:32.903",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-10T07:19:32.903",
"last_editor_user_id": "36261",
"owner_user_id": "36261",
"parent_id": "74345",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
74345
|
74353
|
74353
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I recently started learning Japanese in my home country. Last lesson we\nlearned about the 2 types of adjectives, い and な.\n\nAre there other types , like rare ones ?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-09T19:01:24.140",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74346",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-09T23:52:24.967",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36822",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"adjectives",
"i-adjectives",
"na-adjectives"
],
"title": "Other types of adjectives (besides い and な)",
"view_count": 92
}
|
[
{
"body": "Na-adjectives and i-adjectives are the most common. There are also [no-\nadjectives](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/2770/5010) (although they are\njust nouns from the standpoint of Japanese people). And there are also rare\n[archaic forms](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/68109/5010), which may be\nencountered when you have reached advanced level and start reading literary\nworks.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-09T23:52:24.967",
"id": "74351",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-09T23:52:24.967",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "74346",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
74346
| null |
74351
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "And if so, how is this negative (情けねえ) different from 情けない?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-09T19:12:24.930",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74347",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-09T23:42:07.723",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36823",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"usage",
"nuances",
"negation"
],
"title": "Is 情けねえ the negative form of 情け?",
"view_count": 118
}
|
[] |
74347
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74349",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> **1つの嘘から始まった連鎖は留まることを知らない** 。\n\nI think the above sentence is an idiom. I'm just guessing that the meaning is\n(roughly): Once we began to tell a lie, we will try to cover our lie with more\nlies.\n\n**留まることを知らない** (as I read it from **meaning-book.com** /): \" **don't know when\nto stop** \".\n\nBut I'm not sure how to translate **1つの嘘から始まった連鎖は**. (A chain that started\nfrom 1 lie?)\n\nThank you in advance for the guidance.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-09T21:18:56.790",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74348",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-09T22:49:51.993",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "35087",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"idioms"
],
"title": "1つの嘘から始まった連鎖は meaning",
"view_count": 135
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 留まることを知らない (as I read it from meaning-book.com/): \"don't know when to stop\".\n\nThe meaning is more like \"nobody knows how/where it will end\".\n\n> But I'm not sure how to translate 1つの嘘から始まった連鎖は. (A chain that started from\n> 1 lie?)\n\nYour notion of the meaning is correct, but you could translate it into English\nas \"what\", as in something like \"what started with a single lie\", you don't\nnecessarily have to literally translate the 連鎖 into English.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-09T22:49:51.993",
"id": "74349",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-09T22:49:51.993",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "74348",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
74348
|
74349
|
74349
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I want to know different usages between `入れ歯{ば}` and 歯のインプラント . Is this two\nwords mean the same or any other different !",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-10T00:33:43.253",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74352",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-10T01:39:22.713",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10904",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"usage"
],
"title": "I want to know the difference between of 入れ歯 and インプラント",
"view_count": 968
}
|
[
{
"body": "Technically speaking, 「入{い}れ歯{ば}」 (\"denture\") and 「インプラント」 (\"dental implant\")\nare two very different things. The former is easily removable and the latter,\nfirmly fixed into the jaw bone.\n\n**Informally** , however, it is true that some people use 「入れ歯」 to refer to\n「インプラント」 as well because both are \"false teeth\" in the broader sense.\n\nWhat you would **_not_** see is the reverse of the above -- calling 「入れ歯」\ninformally as 「インプラント」.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-10T01:39:22.713",
"id": "74355",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-10T01:39:22.713",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "74352",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 9
}
] |
74352
| null |
74355
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74364",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "According to\n[コトバンク](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E6%97%97%E8%89%B2%E3%81%8C%E6%82%AA%E3%81%84-358738),\n旗色が悪い can be used when there is some connotation of a battle, war or fight -\nwhich makes sense because it literally translates to something like _the color\nof the national flag is bad_.\n\nJust wondering how natural it would sound in more general contexts of failure\nor despondency. For example:\n\n> 私の商売は、大損失で旗色が悪くなった。",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-10T16:27:23.997",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74358",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-11T05:32:27.167",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36831",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"expressions",
"phrases",
"idioms"
],
"title": "In what contexts can 旗色が悪い be used?",
"view_count": 277
}
|
[
{
"body": "Here's the list of examples from BCCWJ.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/EMBMB.png)\n\nWe can see the idiom 旗色が悪い can be safely used in non-military contexts, but is\nalways used in the context of argument, debate, competition, or at least\ncomparison of two opposing ideas. It should not be used to describe simple\nfailures without competitors, rivals, enemies, etc.\n\nI feel 私の商売は大損失で旗色が悪くなった on its own sounds a little unnatural because there is\nno direct reference to comparison in this sentence. It should be okay if a\ncompetitor has been mentioned in previous sentences. Something like\n我が社はA社とのシェア競争において旗色が悪くなっている is fine on its own.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-11T01:26:41.530",
"id": "74364",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-11T01:34:23.283",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-11T01:34:23.283",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "74358",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
},
{
"body": "Now, let's check what 旗色｛旗色｝ be translated in English.\n\n[**Weblio**](https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/%E6%97%97%E8%89%B2) says,\n\n> (wait to) see **which way** the cat jumps\n>\n> The odds are in his favor [ **against** him].\n\nSo, 旗色would imply which \"side\" might be a winner.\n\nTherefore, your,\n\n> 私の商売は、大損失で旗色が悪くなった。\n\nmisses a something, which is the very \"opponent\".\n\nImagine when you are in the battle which flag seems to be \"decisive\" to that\none.\n\nYour business might might go under, but still the sentence lack the reference\nto the competing sellers.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-11T05:32:27.167",
"id": "74366",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-11T05:32:27.167",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "74358",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
74358
|
74364
|
74364
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74361",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Another quick one here. Just wondering if both of the above are appropriate\nways to voice the question 'Where is the man' (as well as contextually similar\nquestions). Thank you!!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-10T19:44:28.077",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74360",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-10T21:50:37.753",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36655",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"particle-が"
],
"title": "Could either どこに男の人がいますか and 男の人はどこですか be used?",
"view_count": 187
}
|
[
{
"body": "Though your point gets across with both structures, one comes off more\nunnatural than the other.\n\n> どこに男の人がいますか？\n\nBy inserting the 男の方｛かた｝ (see below for why I don't use 人) into the middle of\nどこにいますか, you break up the flow of the sentence, and risk loosing what you are\noriginally trying to ask. It's better to put 男の方 in front of どこにいますか.\n\nAdditionally, 男の人 is also unnatural sounding to me. Usually, when you're\ntalking about a man, you say 男の方｛かた｝. [方](https://jisho.org/word/%E6%96%B9) is\nmore polite and respectful. Additionally, 人 doesn't specify one person. You\ncould be asking if there are multiple men there. I would say the difference is\nthe difference between saying 'man person/people' (男の人) and 'man/gentleman'\n(男の方).\n\nThe usage of が in this sentence seems to be okay though.\n\n> 男の人はどこですか？\n\nThis is much more natural sounding, especially if you replace 人 with 方.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-10T20:01:03.470",
"id": "74361",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-10T20:01:03.470",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "22352",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "> Could either どこに男の人がいますか and 男の人はどこですか be used?\n\nYes, the emphasis changes though. In the first sentence, let's say person A is\ntalking about a man, as if he is visible, and person B can't see the man and\nsays \"どこに男の人がいますか\" as if puzzled by the situation and the man that she can't\nsee. It's strongly emphasising the \"where\" part. The second sentence is more\nneutral, as if just asking where some man or another might be.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-10T21:50:37.753",
"id": "74362",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-10T21:50:37.753",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "74360",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
74360
|
74361
|
74361
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "In the ASK Graded Readers, which present beginner-appropriate short stories,\nthere is a frequently occurring pattern of writing with ~ます during the 'setup'\nof the story, and then switching to 〜ました when something important happens. The\nsentence containing the tense switch often starts with ある日 or similar. The\nstory then resumes using the 〜ます form once we leave this major event.\n\nWhat is happening with the tenses here--why is the story told partially in\nnon-past and partially in past? Is it typical for Japanese stories to be told\nin this way, and is this pattern also used in spoken Japanese?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-11T02:54:41.973",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74365",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-11T02:54:41.973",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34976",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"usage",
"tense",
"narration"
],
"title": "Mixing of non-past/past in narratives",
"view_count": 94
}
|
[] |
74365
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74368",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm still learning. This is Goku seeing artificial light for the first time in\nsecond chapter of DB. Translated as: \"It's daylight in here!\"\n\nこん中 = この中 = in here\n\nだけ = just\n\n昼間に = daylight\n\nなった = turned to\n\nぞ = emphasizer\n\nI don't understand the nuance that だけ is adding to the sentence. There would\nbe any difference in meaning if it is replaced by は?\n\nBulma had just turned on the lights. Is this だけ maybe referring to this fact\nbut it got lost in the translation?.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-11T06:13:27.537",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74367",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-11T06:32:19.863",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "11857",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"translation",
"particle-だけ"
],
"title": "こん中だけ昼間になったぞ DB",
"view_count": 105
}
|
[
{
"body": "This だけ means \"only\", and この中だけ means \"only inside this (capsule house)\". He\nsaid だけ because this light had its effect only within the capsule, which was\nsurprising to him. Of course the real daylight normally fills the entire\nenvironment.\n\nNote that English \"just\" has multiple meanings, and \"just\" as in \"She had\n_just_ turned on the light\" or \"I _just_ started to eat\" never translates to\nだけ. See [this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/2681/5010) if you want to\ntranslate this type of \"just\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-11T06:32:19.863",
"id": "74368",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-11T06:32:19.863",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "74367",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
] |
74367
|
74368
|
74368
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "(I was unsure of the fourth and fifth character).\n\nI'm fairly certain that I read it correctly, except for the fifth character.\nThe fifth character in the text looked very similar to that but it looked like\nthere was a bottom (almost-) horizontal stroke going from left to right, but I\ncouldn't find a character more similar to it.\n\nI think it means something like: Valentine's day is always depressing, but\nthis one should be the most exciting day\n\nor the opposite: \nIt's the first Valentine's day that is depressing, and it's supposed to be an\nexciting day",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-11T11:55:40.333",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74369",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-11T16:03:49.517",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-11T12:07:28.477",
"last_editor_user_id": "36838",
"owner_user_id": "36838",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "What does this mean? Friend gave this on a piece of paper, and wanted me to translate this: こんな憂鬱なバレンタインは初めてやワクワクイべントのはずなのに!",
"view_count": 161
}
|
[
{
"body": "> こんな憂鬱なバレンタインは初めてやワクワクイべントのはずなのに!\n\nyour translation : \" _Valentine's day is **always** depressing, but this one\nshould be the most exciting day._ \".\n\nI think it's almost there, however, I am not sure about from where \" _always_\n\" comes. It contradicts to 「初めてや」: \"for the first time\". So, you don't need it\nand add \"for the first time\" into your sentence (Probably I will add \"this\" in\nthe beginning of the sentence).\n\nYour 2nd translation : \" _It's the first Valentine's day that is depressing,\nand it's supposed to be an exciting day._ \" is almost perfect to me. Probably\nyou can add \"so\" or some emphasis before depressing.\n\n* * *\n\nFor the kanji part, it was also challenging for me remembering how to read and\nwrite「鬱{うつ}」for the first time. From my personal experience, I broke them down\ninto the familiar components into「木」,「缶」,「木」,「凶」and「ウヒャー」since its strokes\nwere so intricate for me. Then, I tried to connote them as yucky things and\npracticed how to write them over and over again.\n\nI remember the member from \"L'Arc-en-ciel\", one of the most famous J-Rock\nband, had needed to remember how to write their song title\n:[『夏{なつ}の憂鬱{ゆううつ}』](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iIDwidnRp-Y). You can read\nkanji, but you can't write it sometimes, so don't worry about that too much.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-11T16:03:49.517",
"id": "74373",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-11T16:03:49.517",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34735",
"parent_id": "74369",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
74369
| null |
74373
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74374",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have heard people replacing 私、俺 with こっち in casual speech. For example:\nこっちは忙しいんだ instead of 私は忙しいんだ. The question is, under what circumstances can\none use こっち instead of 私. I know that そっち can mean \"my side\", which might\nimply that there may be more than 1 person on my end\n\nSimilarly, in using そっち instead of あなた (or the person's name)、are there any\ndifferences besides そっち meaning \"you and anyone on your side\" whilst あなた\nmeaning just you(and no one else)?",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-11T16:02:07.830",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74371",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-12T08:02:17.463",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-12T01:38:03.533",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "36603",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "Using こっち to replace 私",
"view_count": 508
}
|
[
{
"body": "こっち or こちら as a substitute of I/we can have a tinge of rudeness to it as it is\nused to emphasize physical or psychological distance.\n\nThe form こっちはXXX (I am XXX) is usually used to expresse frustration or\ngrievances (こっちは忙しいんだよ！こっちは寝てないんだよ！こっちは大雨なんだよ！ etc). E.g.:\n\n> 明日取りに来いだって？こっちは大雨なんだよ。ふざけんな！\n\nこちら is also used frequently to imply \"we don't care about your situation\",\nE.g.:\n\n> そちらも事故への対応で大変だとは思いますが、こちらとしては契約を守っていただかないと。\n\nThere are neutral use cases like the following:\n\n> こちらは平気ですので、ご自身の勉強に集中なさってください \n> こっちも大変だが、向こうも大変だ\n\nBut even then it implicitly creates \"sides\". So, unless you want to create\nthis effect, I wouldn't do it.\n\nCredit: Answer was updated based on @naruto's comment.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-11T19:51:13.847",
"id": "74374",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-12T08:02:17.463",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-12T08:02:17.463",
"last_editor_user_id": "499",
"owner_user_id": "499",
"parent_id": "74371",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
74371
|
74374
|
74374
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "For instance, from [here](http://maggiesensei.com/2010/04/24/request-\nlesson-%E3%81%A8%E3%81%84%E3%81%86toiu-%E3%81%A8%E3%81%84%E3%81%86%E3%81%93%E3%81%A8%EF%BC%88toiukoto-\nand-many-more/):\n\n> あれだけ勉強｛べんきょう｝したのに試験｛しけん｝に失敗｛しっぱい｝したというのは信｛しん｝じられない。\n\nwith the meaning of\n\n> I can’t believe (the fact) that I failed the exam after studying so much.\n\nIs there a difference between that and this?\n\n> あれだけ勉強｛べんきょう｝したのに試験｛しけん｝に失敗｛しっぱい｝したのは信｛しん｝じられない。\n\nMy understanding is that it remains gramatical since the の acts as a noun, and\nthe verb clause before that modifies the の. Would it be fine to view them both\nas interchangable?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-12T00:49:20.567",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74375",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-12T08:07:26.623",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-12T08:07:26.623",
"last_editor_user_id": "7944",
"owner_user_id": "27005",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Difference between ～というのは～ and ～のは～",
"view_count": 167
}
|
[] |
74375
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74378",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm translating the following sentence, and am stumped on how to translate\n何ひとつ in a negated sentence.\n\n> 名前も、家族も、友人も……何ひとつ思い出せません。\n>\n> my name, my family, my friends...I cannot remember x.\n\nI know it can mean (\"(not) at all\", \"(not) a thing\") according to this\n[answer](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/72921/26406), but this leaves me\nwith a issue of possible double negation.\n\nTherefore, does the 何ひとつ indicate a negative, or does it indicate what is not\nbeing negated via 何ひとつ? For example, does it function as the 'not' in \"(not)\nat all\" or does it refer to what is not in the ()?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-12T02:32:35.770",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74377",
"last_activity_date": "2021-06-05T05:00:19.040",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "26406",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"translation",
"negation"
],
"title": "What is the nuanced function of 何ひとつ in a negated sentence?",
"view_count": 682
}
|
[
{
"body": "This 何ひとつ is a [negative polarity\nitem](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/16060/5010). This means 何ひとつ is\n_always_ followed by a negative expression, and 何ひとつ by itself is an\nintensifier. You asked about \"何ひとつ in a negative sentence\", but there is no\nsuch thing as \"何ひとつ in an affirmative (non-negative) sentence\"! (何ひとつ思い出せる is\nsimply ungrammatical.) The translation of your sentence is \"I cannot remember\n(even) a thing\".\n\nThis `(not)` or `(ない)` enclosed in parentheses is a common way to indicate a\nphrase is a negative polarity item. You seem to have seen `しか(ない)`, `まったく(ない)`\nor `(not) at all` elsewhere, and this `(not)` is the same. Jisho.org also uses\nthis notation (for example see\n[何一つ](https://jisho.org/word/%E4%BD%95%E4%B8%80%E3%81%A4) and\n[夢にも](https://jisho.org/word/%E5%A4%A2%E3%81%AB%E3%82%82)).",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-12T03:55:33.577",
"id": "74378",
"last_activity_date": "2021-06-05T05:00:19.040",
"last_edit_date": "2021-06-05T05:00:19.040",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "74377",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
}
] |
74377
|
74378
|
74378
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In all sentences that describe someone being good or bad at something, as well\nas liking/disliking doing something, the particle が is used. I know for a fact\nthat you use が for like/dislike.\n\nIn some sentences, the particles のが are there. i.e: \"I don't really like doing\nthe laundry\"\n\n> 私はせんたくをするのが好きじゃないです。\n\nWhy is there a のが instead of just が？",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-12T04:51:25.583",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74379",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-12T06:36:30.110",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-12T05:16:04.600",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "36846",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"particles",
"nominalization"
],
"title": "How do I know when to use の with が in a \"good/bad at\" sentence?",
"view_count": 145
}
|
[
{
"body": "のがis used with a verb when the focus is shifted to the verb despite the\nsentence having a subject defined by は. It was similar to usage to のは, but\nwith different focus. Like in the example the subject is watasi, but the focus\nis on sentaku suru.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-12T06:36:30.110",
"id": "74381",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-12T06:36:30.110",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36847",
"parent_id": "74379",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -1
}
] |
74379
| null |
74381
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "I have the following part in a sentence:\n\n> 増田に発殴られて\n\nThe 発殴られて is being translated as with one hit. So I can understand why it is\nnot simply 殴られる. But is 発殴れる a fixed term or is 発 a more common modifier such\nas 出す in e.g. 歩き出す?",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-12T21:15:12.777",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74385",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-12T22:28:59.727",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-12T22:28:59.727",
"last_editor_user_id": "22352",
"owner_user_id": "18895",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"expressions"
],
"title": "Effect of 発 in 発殴られる",
"view_count": 140
}
|
[] |
74385
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74387",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have this sentence\n\n```\n\n 勝負はついてしまったらしい\n \n```\n\nI guess it comes from 付く which would be in my opinion a similar form to 付いて来る.\nIs my guess OK, or is has the ついて here a different origin? Thanks a lot!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-12T23:02:22.867",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74386",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-13T00:36:07.577",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-12T23:47:45.737",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "18895",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"verbs"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of ついて in ついてしまう",
"view_count": 256
}
|
[
{
"body": "Yes, the verb is 付く【つく】, the same 付く as in 付いてくる. It has many meanings\n(jisho.org gives 14 definitions and [デジタル大辞泉 gives\n28](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/%E4%BB%98%E3%81%8F_%28%E3%81%A4%E3%81%8F%29/#jn-147036)),\nand one of the meanings is \"to be settled/determined/resolved\". Similar usages\ninclude:\n\n * 勝負がつく\n * 話がつく\n * けりがつく\n * 目途がつく\n * 決着がつく\n * 区別がつく\n * 決心がつく\n * 気持ちの整理がつく\n\nUnsurprisingly, the transitive equivalent つける means \"to\nsettle/determine/resolve\".\n\n * 勝負をつける\n * 話をつける\n * and so on\n\nOn the other hand, we do not say ×結論がつく or ×議論がつく. Verbs like つく, かける, とる and\nする have many possible meanings, and it's often more practical to remember\nwhich noun goes with which verb as a set phrase, one by one. [English also\nhas](https://ell.stackexchange.com/a/42912/8629) a large number of\nunpredictable verb usages. (English speakers say \"do the dishes\", but not \"do\nthe glasses\". Japanese people never say 皿をする. This is something a learner has\nto remember.)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-12T23:47:31.757",
"id": "74387",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-13T00:36:07.577",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-13T00:36:07.577",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "74386",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
74386
|
74387
|
74387
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74389",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "This is Bulma alone complaining about Goku rudeness. Translated as: \"I can't\nbelieve he had the nerve to call me stuff like witch or fairy\".\n\n人のことを = things to people (like in saying things to people)\n\n魔法使いだ = I'm a witch\n\nとか = listing (incomplete)\n\n妖怪だ = I'm a fairy/demon\n\nと = nominalizer\n\nいっとき = ?? (I guess some form of いい)\n\nながら = while",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-13T01:05:48.197",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74388",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-16T10:17:30.670",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-16T10:17:30.670",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "11857",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"manga",
"contractions",
"subsidiary-verbs"
],
"title": "人のことをいっときながら DB Chapter 2",
"view_count": 141
}
|
[
{
"body": "言っとき【いっとき】 is a colloquial contraction of 言っておき, where this おき is the masu-\nstem of おく, which is a subsidiary verb that adds the nuance of \"leaving the\nresultant state\". See [this\nquestion](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/5216/5010), [this\nchart](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/18159/5010) and [this\narticle](http://maggiesensei.com/2017/04/06/new-how-to-\nuse-v%E3%81%A6%E3%81%8A%E3%81%8F-te-oku/).\n\nThis 人のこと is closer to \"things about someone\" rather than \"things to people\"\n(see [this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/2102/5010)). This 言う is using\nthe `A + を + B(だ) + と + verb` pattern (see\n[this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/55169/5010) and\n[this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/55990/5010)). Note that this と is\nnot a nominalizer but a particle close in purpose to English \"as\". Thus\n人のことを魔法使いだと言う effectively means \"to call someone a witch\", and the 人 refers to\n\"me\" in this context. A literal translation would look like this:\n\n> 人のことを魔法使いだとか妖怪だといっときながら\n>\n> While having called me a witch or a monster, he...!\n>\n> He's said I was a witch or I was a monster (and has never corrected that),\n> and still...!\n\nThe part after ながら is left out, but something bad about Goku is expected.\n(Perhaps something related to his ignorance about his own abnormality? Depends\non the story.) That's where \"had the nerve\" came from.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-13T01:49:35.983",
"id": "74389",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-13T02:06:03.957",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "74388",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
74388
|
74389
|
74389
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74391",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I’m uncertain about the phrase お気をつけください, which I found where I would have\nexpected お気をつけてください. Assuming it’s not a typo is it 尊敬語？ Should I understand\nthe honorific お as qualifying 気 only or the whole 気をつけ ？and would お気をつけてください\nbe grammatically wrong, simply unusual , or something completely different?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-13T08:07:35.363",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74390",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-13T09:22:33.573",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36722",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"usage",
"nuances",
"expressions",
"て-form"
],
"title": "Absence of て in お気をつけください",
"view_count": 799
}
|
[
{
"body": "お気をつけください is a politer/more respectful way of saying 気をつけてください.\n\nIt's the honorific [「お + noun form/連用形 + ください」\nform](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/58245/9831).\n\nExamples:\n\n * 「待ってください。」 \"Please wait\" \n(noun form/連用形 of 待つ is 待ち) → 「お+待ち+ください。」\n\n * 「話してください。」 \"Please speak\" \n(noun form/連用形 of 話す is 話し) → 「お+話し+ください。」\n\n * 「注意してください。」 \"Please be careful\" \n(for kango you generally use ご) → 「ご+注意+ください。」\n\nLikewise:\n\n * 「気をつけてください。」 \"Please take care\" \n(turning 気をつける into the noun form/連用形) → 「お+気をつけ+ください。」",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-13T08:47:44.893",
"id": "74391",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-13T09:22:33.573",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-13T09:22:33.573",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "74390",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 9
}
] |
74390
|
74391
|
74391
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74428",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I’ve stumbled upon the sentence これからのお話を, which was translated “a story from\nnow on” but why is を in the end and what is it’s meaning here? As far as I\nknow を is used to indicate direct objects but I don’t see any in this\nsentence.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-13T12:31:50.180",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74392",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-16T01:13:11.993",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "35768",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"particles",
"sentence"
],
"title": "Why is を in this sentence: これからのお話を?",
"view_count": 149
}
|
[
{
"body": "これからの話を（する）The last part just being excluded.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-16T01:13:11.993",
"id": "74428",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-16T01:13:11.993",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"parent_id": "74392",
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"score": 1
}
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74392
|
74428
|
74428
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74394",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I came across this line of dialogue:\n\n> > 「もう少しで、 **４－５だった** のに、途中で落馬しやがってよぉ...ありゃぁ絶対に八百長だぜぇ」\n>>\n\n>> \"The odds were so close, at 4-5, but in the middle of things, the rider\nfalls off his horse! It's gotta be rigged!\"\n\nI presume the character is referring to odds here, but when imagining the\ncharacter speaking I do not know how to represent the hyphen (ー) verbally (or\nmost maths symbols, really).\n\nSome quick digging on\n[wikipedia](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%83%E3%82%BA) suggest\nthat it would be represented as に, which would roughly match with english, but\nmy japanese is not very good so I am asking here.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-13T12:34:06.647",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74393",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-13T13:20:02.363",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "14607",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"mathematics"
],
"title": "Expressing odds in japanese for horse racing",
"view_count": 98
}
|
[
{
"body": "It's not odds but the order of horse racing. 4-5 means that the horse of the\nnumber 4 finished first and the horse of the number 5 finished second.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-13T13:20:02.363",
"id": "74394",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-13T13:20:02.363",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "74393",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
74393
|
74394
|
74394
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm facing this sentence\n\n> お父さんがまだ生きてる頃はね...\n\nI think I'm able to guess the meaning which may sounds as \"When my father was\nstill alive....\" but the \"ending\" はね is gonna puzzling me. I suppose there's\nsome ellipsis (copula omitted) or it's just an emphatic expression (maybe the\nsame)?\n\nMany thanks in advance.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-13T15:33:34.690",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74395",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-13T22:22:25.223",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-13T15:44:52.340",
"last_editor_user_id": "78",
"owner_user_id": "35529",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"ellipsis"
],
"title": "はね。。。at the end of a sentence",
"view_count": 590
}
|
[
{
"body": "The sentence in question is a \"partial\" sentence in which the main verb is\nomitted. Similar things happen very often in English, too:\n\n> よく来たの？ \n> Did [you] come (here) often?\n>\n> うん、お父さんがまだ生きてる頃はね... \n> Yeah, when Dad was still alive ([I] used to come here)...\n>\n> (The subject may be \"she\" or someone else instead of \"you/I\".)\n\nThe \"full\" version of the sentence is お父さんがまだ生きてる頃はよく来た, but よく来た is left out\nsince it's redundant. This は is a topic marker, and it's almost mandatory here\nbecause it has a contrastive nuance (i.e., now this person no longer visits\nthe place). ね is just a sentence-end/filler particle.\n\nBTW, please try to provide the full context when asking a question like this.\nNo one can tell the omitted verb without the context.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-13T22:22:25.223",
"id": "74397",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-13T22:22:25.223",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "74395",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
74395
| null |
74397
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74398",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "By the end of the article [here](http://maggiesensei.com/2016/05/07/how-to-\nuse-%E3%81%91%E3%81%A9-kedo-%E3%81%A0%E3%81%91%E3%81%A9-dakedo/), the author\nmeans that けど is used for \"Introductory remarks: to bring up some topics\",\nsuch as,\n\n> 明日｛あした｝だけど、待｛ま｝ち合{あ}わせ時間｛じかん｝どうする？\n>\n> 麻理｛まり｝の誕生日｛たんじょうび｝のことなんだけど、どうする？\n>\n> 彼｛かれ｝のことだけど、聞｛き｝いた？\n\nWouldn't the sentences have the same meaning as say,\n\n> 明日｛あした｝は、待｛ま｝ち合{あ}わせ時間｛じかん｝どうする？\n>\n> 麻理｛まり｝の誕生日｛たんじょうび｝のことは、どうする？\n>\n> 彼｛かれ｝のことは、聞｛き｝いた？\n\nI've noticed if I were to substitute は, then I would remove だ and なんだ. Does\nthis mean that by using は, there's less \"emotion\" and makes the sentence more\nneutral-sounding?\n\nOn the contrary, say that I have some sentences such as,\n\n> 私はトムです。\n>\n> これはペンです。\n\nthen would it be appropriate to say the following?\n\n> 私だけど、トムです。\n>\n> これだけど、ペンです。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-13T15:37:04.813",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74396",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-13T23:24:16.150",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "27005",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Is the topic particle は sometimes interchangable with けど?",
"view_count": 198
}
|
[
{
"body": "は is used to specify the topic that has been **already** brought up in the\ndiscourse, whereas けど is used to give an introductory remark before diving\ninto the main theme. If you said \"麻理の誕生日のことはどうする?\" at the very beginning of a\nconversation, it can sound unnatural and sudden. It can sound as if you were\nassuming the listener had been thinking about Mari. Using けど is more natural\nas the starter of a conversation.\n\n> これだけど、ペンです。 \n> Interested in this thing? It's a pen! \n> Look at this thing, it's a pen!\n\nThese are obviously free translation, but I hope you can catch the nuance. A\nsentence like this is not impossible, but it sounds like you are explicitly\ndrawing attention to \"this object\" before disclosing it's actually a pen. You\nmay occasionally want a sentence like this, but you should not think it's\ninterchangeable with は.\n\nAlso note that が/けど/けれど are more commonly used with a longer clause rather\nthan a simple noun. In such cases けど is obviously not interchangeable with は.\nSee [this question](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/32824/5010) for\nexample.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-13T22:40:50.313",
"id": "74398",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-13T23:24:16.150",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-13T23:24:16.150",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "74396",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
74396
|
74398
|
74398
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74409",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Merging two verbs into one is a common structure: \n繰り返す、書き直す、思い出す、乗り換える、etc. \nsometimes the new verb mixes the meaning of the 2 verbs as well, sometimes\nnot.\n\nWhat about merging 2 verbs into a new verb on an ad hoc basis? This new verb\ndoes not exist in a dictionary. But, the mixed meaning of the new verb conveys\nthe meaning I want. For example:\n\nI received an email last week that I overlooked. Today I responded. I wanted\nto say \"to reply late\". The \"mixed verb\" I created is \"返し遅れる\"\n\n> 先週のemailを送って頂きまして誠にありがとございました。大変、 **返し遅れて** 恐縮でございます。\n\nDoes **返し遅れる** work here? Can you take the liberty to merge verbs and create\nverbs that don't exist in dictionaries?\n\n**example #2** \n走り逃げる \nI'd think this means \" _to escape by running._ \"\n\nSo, can you merge verbs like this \" _when it makes sense and the meaning is\nclear_ \"?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-14T05:07:04.763",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74400",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-15T02:26:51.767",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4835",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"verbs"
],
"title": "merging 2 verbs such as 返す and 遅れる into 返し遅れる?",
"view_count": 120
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 先週のemailを送って頂きまして誠にありがとございました。大変、返し遅れて恐縮でございます。\n\nI think this one is a bit awkward because of the formality. Between you and\nyour friends, I don't think so many people make a fuss about 「返し遅れて」itself.\n\nAccording to the 「NWJCコーパス」,\n\n[「返し遅れて」](https://bonten.ninjal.ac.jp/nwjc/string_search?commit=%E6%A4%9C%E7%B4%A2&string_search%5Burl_domain%5D=&string_search%5Bwords%5D=%E8%BF%94%E3%81%97%E9%81%85%E3%82%8C%E3%81%A6&utf8=%E2%9C%93)\nhas _305 hits._\n\nI think the verb is used in the blogs, social networking services, etc. since\nit is used like「\"コメント\"返し遅れて」& ごめん, すみません, 申し訳ございません or something like that.\nSo, it is bit casual and「ご返事が遅れ」or 「返信が遅くなり」is more appropriate to your\nsentence.\n\n(As a side note: I think 大変 should be put just before「恐縮」if you want to\nemphasize apology).\n\n[「走り逃げる」](https://bonten.ninjal.ac.jp/nwjc/string_search?commit=%E6%A4%9C%E7%B4%A2&string_search%5Burl_domain%5D=&string_search%5Bwords%5D=%E8%B5%B0%E3%82%8A%E9%80%83%E3%81%92%E3%82%8B&utf8=%E2%9C%93)\nhas only _72 hits._ So, it is still casual and has not widely been used so\nfar.\n\n[「走って逃げる」](https://bonten.ninjal.ac.jp/nwjc/string_search?commit=%E6%A4%9C%E7%B4%A2&string_search%5Burl_domain%5D=&string_search%5Bwords%5D=%E8%B5%B0%E3%82%8A%E5%8E%BB%E3%82%8B&utf8=%E2%9C%93)\nhas _2270 hits_ and it should be more natural and widely used.\n\nThe language has been changing all the time and I am not sure about the future\nthough, the statistics shows some combination of verbs does not work really\nwell at the moment.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-15T02:26:51.767",
"id": "74409",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-15T02:26:51.767",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34735",
"parent_id": "74400",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
74400
|
74409
|
74409
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74431",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> **全員空気を読んで、立ち止まることなく帰路についてくれたのはありがたい判断だ。**\n\nThe speaker told his friends to return home first without him, since there was\nsomething he has to do.\n\nI'm confused about how to translate **帰路についてくれた**.\n\n**帰路について** ( **帰路につく** ): to go home (head home/on the way home).\n\n**くれた** ( **くれる** ): to let one have, to give.\n\nThank you in advance for your kind guidance.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-14T08:13:29.960",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74401",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-16T04:19:28.787",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-14T08:22:39.757",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "35087",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"subsidiary-verbs",
"giving-and-receiving"
],
"title": "帰路についてくれた translation",
"view_count": 126
}
|
[
{
"body": "> I'm confused about how to translate 帰路についてくれた.\n\nBasically, the speaker is thanking the people for going home.\n\nThe problem with translating these kinds of Japanese phrases is that if you\ntry to translate everything in a Japanese text into some kind of English\nequivalent, you end up with unnatural expressions. The person is already\nthanking the people for going home with the arigatai, so the meaning of the\nkureru in the above is already contained in whatever you used to translate\nthat into.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-16T04:19:28.787",
"id": "74431",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-16T04:19:28.787",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "74401",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
74401
|
74431
|
74431
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "It may be a stupid question, but will a Japanese person understand if I write\n'Fukushima' in hiragana?\n\nThanks",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-14T14:23:03.093",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74402",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-16T02:12:38.410",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-15T11:20:22.507",
"last_editor_user_id": "33435",
"owner_user_id": "36865",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"hiragana"
],
"title": "Fukushima in hiragana",
"view_count": 825
}
|
[
{
"body": "Since Fukushima is a Japanese word you should be completely fine. They will\nlikely get what you're asking for or about from context.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-14T16:33:22.223",
"id": "74405",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-14T16:33:22.223",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36866",
"parent_id": "74402",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "It’s ambiguous as there are many homophones in Japanese. If you refer to\nFukushima-shi (the city) or Fukushima-ken (the prefecture) they should\nunderstand but the kanji would be more specific. It’s 福島 in this case.\n\nThere are multiple kanji with the same sound. For example 福 (blessing) and 服\n(clothing) are both read as ふく. Using kanji in writing resolves this ambiguity\n(a reader cannot ask for clarification, a listener can).\n\nIf you really cannot use the kanji, for nouns I would use katakana so that it\nis clear that it is not a grammatical particle or okurigana. Katakana is not\nused exclusively for foreign words but also Japanese words with rare kanji,\nespecially names for birds, plants, and fish. For example ウ for 鵜, クジラ for 鯨,\nシロイヌナズナ for 白犬薺.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-15T11:01:58.717",
"id": "74414",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-16T02:12:38.410",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-16T02:12:38.410",
"last_editor_user_id": "14608",
"owner_user_id": "14608",
"parent_id": "74402",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
74402
| null |
74414
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74432",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "This sentence is giving me a hard time ...\n\n> 「下り坂を **休まれちまった** 、残りは１０００と数百...」\n\n(The sentence was uttered during a horse race when the speaker was passed by\nother competitors as he was saving his horse's energy while riding down a\ndownward slope)\n\nI was struggling with whether the relevant verb here is: 「休む」 or 「休まる」\n\nI've read all of the questions and answers listed above, but can still not\ntell which verb is meant here.\n\n[Difference between intransitive and\npassive?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/14257/difference-\nbetween-intransitive-and-passive)\n\n[Passive-transitive-verb vs. Intransitive-verb （他動詞の受け身 vs.\n自動詞)](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/329/passive-transitive-\nverb-vs-intransitive-\nverb-%e4%bb%96%e5%8b%95%e8%a9%9e%e3%81%ae%e5%8f%97%e3%81%91%e8%ba%ab-\nvs-%e8%87%aa%e5%8b%95%e8%a9%9e)\n\n[Passive usage of 「済まされない」 in\nsentences](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/14065/passive-usage-\nof-%e6%b8%88%e3%81%be%e3%81%95%e3%82%8c%e3%81%aa%e3%81%84-in-sentences)\n\nBesides the verb in question I am not sure why 「を」 is used here.\n\nAll in all my questions are:\n\nWhich verb is used here and if 「休まる」 is used here, how does its passive voice\nfunction (isn't it kind of passive in itself)?\n\nWhy is the 「を」particle used here and could other particles be used here as\nwell?\n\n* * *\n\nEdit:\n\nWhile searching around the internet for some further clues I came across this\nwebsite:\n\n<https://sptt-latin-subjunctive.blogspot.com/2014/06/blog-post_4.html>\n\nMy current level of Japanese is not high enough to get all of what is\nexplained but I think one of the problems connected to my question is that\n「休む」is sometimes 「自動詞」and sometimes 「他動詞」. I think it is mentioned that 「を」is\nused with 「自動詞」in a specific way applying here as well; however I am still\nunsure if I could put this in my own words (and whether I understood that\npassage correctly).",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-14T14:57:00.777",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74403",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-16T04:53:51.137",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-14T16:14:29.010",
"last_editor_user_id": "35673",
"owner_user_id": "35673",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particles",
"verbs",
"passive-voice",
"transitivity"
],
"title": "Struggling with identifying the 'correct' verb here (+intransitivity)",
"view_count": 152
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 下り坂を休まれちまった\n\nRegarding the 「を+休む」...\n\nIt's \"spatial を + intransitive 休む\". The を is 移動の場所・時間の経過・動作の起点を示す『を』, and can\nbe used with an intransitive verb.\n\nHere 下り坂を休む means \"the horse takes a rest / saves energy while going down the\nslope\". It's similar to 「下り坂で休む」 or 「下り坂のあいだに休む」.\n\nRelated threads:\n\n * [Why does 出る accepts を although it is an intransitive verb?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/21313/9831)\n * [この道をまっすぐ行ってください。 Why を and not で?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/6869/9831)\n * [Making sense of transitive usage of 行く and 来る - 「を行く」 and 「を来る」](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/3243/9831)\n\n* * *\n\nAnd regarding the passive 「休まれる」...\n\nIt's Suffering Passive (迷惑の受身), Indirect Passive (間接受身).\n\n「(私が)馬に下り坂を休まれた」 means 「馬が下り坂を休んだ（ので私が何らかの影響を受けた）」, \"The horse rested while\ngoing down the slope (and it affected me in some way)\".\n\nRelated threads:\n\n * [How to interpret indirect passives?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/15933/9831)\n * [Who scolded whom in Aに怒られる?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/1777/9831) (See Oren's answer)\n * [How to use わめかれた？](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/50421/9831)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-16T04:45:26.970",
"id": "74432",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-16T04:53:51.137",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-16T04:53:51.137",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "74403",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
74403
|
74432
|
74432
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74407",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Any research I try leads back to sites I don't know if I can trust, because\nmost of them are random fact articles. I've found an official site that has\nsome of the history, but not this specific fact. I also don't want to put much\nstock in wikipedia, because while it is useful it can be edited by anyone for\nwhatever reason.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-14T16:29:04.027",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74404",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-15T06:04:24.213",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-14T19:06:13.577",
"last_editor_user_id": "36866",
"owner_user_id": "36866",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"history",
"rōmaji"
],
"title": "Is the first supposed invention of romaji in 1548 by a Japanese Catholic called Yajiro fact or fiction?",
"view_count": 476
}
|
[
{
"body": "Well, as a hint, historically, the first people who'd have any interest in, or\npractical need for, writing down Japanese in the Latin alphabet **weren't\nJapanese people**. See the [**Nanban\ntrade**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanban_trade) article in Wikipedia for\na good jumping-off point to read about European contact with Japan. I'd bet\nyou dollars to doughnuts that the first Portuguese sailors who showed up in\n1543 would have made at least a few notes about the local language -- and by\ndefinition this would have been \"romaji\", after a fashion.\n\nIn terms of who made the first _systematic_ attempt at writing Japanese in the\nLatin alphabet, that may have been a Portuguese priest by the name of\nFrancisco Xavier in 1549. At least, so says [this Encyclopedia Nipponica\narticle](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E5%AD%97-153358#E6.97.A5.E6.9C.AC.E5.A4.A7.E7.99.BE.E7.A7.91.E5.85.A8.E6.9B.B8.28.E3.83.8B.E3.83.83.E3.83.9D.E3.83.8B.E3.82.AB.29)\n(in Japanese). Frankly, I'd trust that more than the English Wikipedia\narticle. Wikipedia is great for many things, but due to its open, anyone-can-\nedit setup, you sometimes get [Randy from\nBoise](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Randy_in_Boise) posting all\nkinds of nonsense. Sometimes cross-checking against the same article in\nanother language can reveal silliness -- I see, for instance, that [the\nJapanese Wikipedia article on\nローマ字](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E5%AD%97#%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E5%AD%97%E3%81%AE%E6%AD%B4%E5%8F%B2)\nmakes no mention of \"Yajiro\" in 1548.\n\nI might be missing something, and someone named \"Yajiro\" may well have been\nthe developer of the first romanization system. But from what I can find right\nnow in a quick survey of materials, I don't think [the English Wikipedia\narticle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanization_of_Japanese) is correct.\n\n* * *\n\n**Update:** A bit more detail about the English Wikipedia article\n[_Romanization of\nJapanese_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanization_of_Japanese).\n\nI did some digging in [the edit\nhistory](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Romanization_of_Japanese&action=history).\n\n * The mention of Yajiro appeared all the way back on Halloween 2004 in [this edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Romanization_of_Japanese&diff=prev&oldid=7022851) by user Sekicho.\n * The edit includes no references and is unsourced, making it unfortunately dubious and useless for any further research -- we don't get any indication of where Sekicho got that information. For all we know, Sekicho heard that from someone in a bar one night.\n * Additionally, that [user's own page](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Sekicho) indicates that he is a native speaker of English, and an upper-intermediate learner of Japanese. This suggests that he may lack the skills needed to read Japanese-language reference materials.\n\nIn seeking to critically evaluate the source of the Yajiro information in\nWikipedia, and the likeliness of that information being correct, the signs are\nnot terribly promising. Considering also that the [Japanese Wikipedia\narticle](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E5%AD%97#%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E5%AD%97%E3%81%AE%E6%AD%B4%E5%8F%B2)\ndisagrees, as does the professionally produced [Encyclopedia Nipponica\narticle](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E5%AD%97-153358#E6.97.A5.E6.9C.AC.E5.A4.A7.E7.99.BE.E7.A7.91.E5.85.A8.E6.9B.B8.28.E3.83.8B.E3.83.83.E3.83.9D.E3.83.8B.E3.82.AB.29),\nI must judge the English Wikipedia to be **bogus**.\n\n_(Full disclosure: I'm an editor at Wikipedia and Wiktionary. I have not\npreviously edited the_ [Romanization of\nJapanese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanization_of_Japanese) _article,\nbut I will shortly to request a citation for this mention of Yajiro.)_\n\n* * *\n\n_Addendum:_ Sekicho's edit makes some historical mistakes, suggesting that the\nuse of `⟨ f ⟩` in Portuguese texts was merely a spelling convention. Academic\nresearch into the history of the Japanese language instead interprets this\nspelling as indicative of the actual pronunciation of the time. So modern\n_Nihon_ was probably pronounced as _Nifon_ in the early 1600s.\n\nThere's also no mention of the important difference in treatment of long-\"o\"\nvowels. All of those that developed from //au// were rendered in the\nPortuguese orthography (spelling) of the time as `⟨ ǒ ⟩` (with a caron) and\nall of those that developed from //ou// or //oo// were rendered as `⟨ ô ⟩`\n(with a circumflex). Modern scholars interpret this as indicating that the two\nvowel values were different, with `⟨ ǒ ⟩` probably pronounced as //ɔː// (like\nEnglish _awww_ ) and `⟨ ô ⟩` probably pronounced as //oː// (a regular \"o\"\nsound). These two merged into plain //oː// some time over the last four\nhundred years.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-14T19:27:49.087",
"id": "74407",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-15T06:04:24.213",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-15T06:04:24.213",
"last_editor_user_id": "5229",
"owner_user_id": "5229",
"parent_id": "74404",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 10
}
] |
74404
|
74407
|
74407
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74412",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "皆さん、こんにちは！ 昨日、新しいコロナウイルスについて読んで、何か面白いものを見つけた！ これで手伝ってくれないの？ So, I found a bit\nconfusing the following sentence: この女性の娘と結婚している男性にも、ウイルスがうつっていました。 In the\nbeginning I thought that the meaning of this sentence was \"the daughter and\nhusband of the woman\" (to whom the sentence makes reference) because as you\nknow と can mean \"and\" 日本と中国 = Japan and China 娘と結婚している男性= daughter and husband\nBut also と can mean \"with\" So I concluded that the meaning of the sentence is\n\"The man who is married to this woman's daughter\" But I just wanna be sure I'm\nright with this",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-14T18:26:41.287",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74406",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-15T10:02:37.083",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-15T09:16:16.450",
"last_editor_user_id": "7944",
"owner_user_id": "36169",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-と"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of this と \"and\" or \"with\"?",
"view_count": 124
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think it's safe to say that the only realistic translation is \"The man who\nis married to (with) this woman's daughter\" as you said.\n\nGrammatically you could parse it as {この女性の娘}と{結婚している男性} \"this woman's daughter\nand a married man\" but who is this married man who suddenly appears out of\ncontext? That would be silly.\n\nAs for your other translation \"the daughter and husband of the woman\", you\nwouldn't use 結婚している男性 to refer to someone's husband, so we can discount this\noption too.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-15T10:02:37.083",
"id": "74412",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-15T10:02:37.083",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7944",
"parent_id": "74406",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
74406
|
74412
|
74412
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I heard there is an expression in Japanese for when two people agree to meet\nat a certain time, but both arrive at the meeting point much earlier.\n\nIn that situation, when the two people see each other, the meeting gets\neffectively moved up with respect to the appointed time.\n\nHow would you describe such situation and is there indeed a set phrase? I\ncouldn’t find one in the dictionaries.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-15T02:17:08.863",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74408",
"last_activity_date": "2022-01-28T00:01:50.157",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-15T02:27:29.563",
"last_editor_user_id": "36722",
"owner_user_id": "36722",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"expressions"
],
"title": "unintentionally early meetings",
"view_count": 165
}
|
[
{
"body": "Possibly\n[繰り上げる](https://jisho.org/search/%E7%B9%B0%E3%82%8A%E4%B8%8A%E3%81%92%E3%82%8B)?\n\nAn example in the link 会議の日取りを繰り上げた describe the situation where a meeting is\nrescheduled e.g. from 15 August to 10 August.\n\nNote that there are other uses of 繰り上げる. E.g.\n\n * 繰り上げ当選 is a situation where there is an election for 10 members but one of the top 10 votes resigns for some reason, and the 11th most voted person got elected - then this person's win is called 繰り上げ当選.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2021-08-10T13:21:09.160",
"id": "88855",
"last_activity_date": "2021-08-10T13:21:09.160",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "45489",
"parent_id": "74408",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
74408
| null |
88855
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I've been trying to figure this out to no avail. In the instance of a toast\nyou might hear someone say something like the Irish toast \"may you be in\nheaven before the devil knows you're dead.\" The \"may you ___\" construction.\n\nAny help would be appreciated",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-15T05:51:27.577",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74410",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-15T11:41:54.067",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33842",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation"
],
"title": "How would the english sentence structure \"may you ___\", kind of like something you might hear in a toast",
"view_count": 106
}
|
[
{
"body": "We often say ～ますように！ in many situations, but _in a toast_ , we commonly say\n「～～を願って、乾杯！」 or 「～～を祈って、乾杯！」「～～をお祈りして、乾杯！」\n\nExamples:\n\n> 「〇〇社のますますの発展を願って、乾杯！」 \n> 「〇〇家のますますの繁栄を祈って、乾杯！」 \n> 「〇〇さんの今後のご活躍とご健勝をお祈りして、乾杯！」\n\n... We usually use these phrases in formal parties.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-15T11:36:52.457",
"id": "74416",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-15T11:41:54.067",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-15T11:41:54.067",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "74410",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
74410
| null |
74416
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74429",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "In the section of a questionnaire about smoking, the options are \n吸ったことがない \n以前吸っていた \n現在、吸っている\n\nThen, under this last option, it says:\n\n> ※現在、吸っているとは「合計100本以上、または6ヶ月以上吸っている方」であり、最近１ヶ月間も吸っている方を指します\n\nTo me, this sentence looks like it says\n\n> “I currently smoke” is defined as smoking a total of 100 cigarettes or\n> having been smoking for over 6 months, the most recent time of which was\n> within the past month.\n\nBut I don't get how this definition could work without defining a minimum\nnumber of cigarettes smoked in those \"6 months.\"\n\nIn English I think it is too vague to be a working definition. Does this\ndefinition work in Japanese? \n日本語で定義として成り立っているなら、なぜ成り立つか聞きたいです。 \nよろしくお願いします。",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-15T07:30:33.933",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74411",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-16T03:27:17.487",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1761",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning"
],
"title": "Definition of \"currently smoking\" on a health check questionnaire",
"view_count": 160
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 、最近１ヶ月間も **吸っている** 方を指します\n>\n> , the most recent time **of which** was within the past month.\n\nThere is no \"of which\" in the original Japanese text. It only says that \"the\nmost recent time **you smoked** is with the past month.\n\nSo to be \"currently smoking\", you must meet either of the two condition,\nwithout a time limit, and you smoked the last time with the past month.\n\nAnd, by \"having been smoking for at least 6 months\", I think it should mean\n\"having been smoking for at least 6 months regularly\". It does require a\nminimum number of cigarettes, as long as you smoke regularly.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-15T11:24:57.637",
"id": "74415",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-15T11:24:57.637",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "903",
"parent_id": "74411",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "You understand the Japanese text correctly, and you're right in that there is\ncertain ambiguity (like, does someone who has been smoking once a month for\nthe past 10 months really count?). But the sentence works as it is. (If I were\nin charge, I might slightly change the wording, though...)\n\nThe key observation here is that this health check question is meant for\nstratify the questionees according to the risks and help to interpret the\nresults: the true question is \"Are you [your health] under the influence of\nsmoking?\". As such, they exclude those who are barely (sort of) smoking, an\narbitrary and rough criteria of which is less than 100 cigarettes AND less\nthan 6 months. So if I started smoking 2.5 months ago and this is the 95th\ncigarettes I smoke today, I should probably think twice before I check \"No\".\nSame goes for the population who smoke longer than 6 months but the\nconsumption is (from a commonsense view) very low. You think twice, check the\nchoice which you feel more suitable, and if you have a chance, tell your\nsituation to the doctor directly.\n\nAnother point is that _smoking_ , when asking about your habits, implies\n_smoking regularly_. This sets certain lower bounds implied to the number of\ncigarettes consumed when one think of themselves as \"smoking for more then 6\nmonths\".\n\nAdditionally, I feel that there are much less percentage of smokers who smokes\nonly occasionally than social drinkers are in drinkers (the choices for your\ndrinking habits usually has 機会飲酒, roughly social drinking). Therefore the\nnumber of edge-cases here is, if I may guess, epidemiologically small.\n\nI think it being written in another language than your native one brought you\nunnecessary suspicion. You can be confident in your skill: the question indeed\nleaves some space for interpretation, which does not spoil the value of the\nquestion practically.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-16T03:21:09.767",
"id": "74429",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-16T03:27:17.487",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-16T03:27:17.487",
"last_editor_user_id": "4223",
"owner_user_id": "4223",
"parent_id": "74411",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
74411
|
74429
|
74429
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74420",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm a beginner in Japanese. I don't completely get what\n\n> 笑っちまう程 立場が 変わるぜ\n\nmeans in the context below. Is it something like \"The more I laugh the more\nthe situation changes\"? It makes no sense to me.\n\nThe context:\n\n> 運命・・・か。おまえを捕虜として 国に連れ帰りゃ 俺も一気に 英雄扱いだろうな・・・部隊を全滅させ、部下を５人も失ったくせに 敵と手を組んで オメオメ\n> と生き残った 国辱ものが・・・ **笑っちまう程 立場が 変わるぜ** ・・・",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-15T16:47:08.067",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74419",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-16T22:22:51.393",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-16T03:40:55.357",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "36876",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"word-usage"
],
"title": "笑っちまう程 translation in context",
"view_count": 138
}
|
[
{
"body": "笑っちまう is the colloquial form of 笑ってしまう, here meaning something like “laughing\ninvoluntarily/despite oneself”.\n\n程{ほど} can be literally translated as “degree” or “extent” and A程B usually\nmeans something like “B to the extent of A” or “so much/enough B that A”. I.e.\n\n> 笑っちまう程 立場が 変わるぜ\n\nMeans\n\n> The situation will change † (so much) as to make one laugh\n\n† The tense should be matched to context",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-15T17:55:56.290",
"id": "74420",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-16T22:22:51.393",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-16T22:22:51.393",
"last_editor_user_id": "3295",
"owner_user_id": "3295",
"parent_id": "74419",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
74419
|
74420
|
74420
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74439",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm very confused about these grammatical forms: all of them are translated as\n\"at the time, on the occasion of\", and I can't understand the differences. I\nfound some answers and grammatical points on these forms\n([this](https://japanesetest4you.com/flashcard/learn-\njlpt-n2-grammar-%E3%81%AB%E3%81%95%E3%81%84%E3%81%97%E3%81%A6-ni-saishite/)\nand [this](https://japanesetest4you.com/flashcard/learn-\njlpt-n2-grammar-%E3%81%AB%E3%81%82%E3%81%9F%E3%81%A3%E3%81%A6%E3%81%AB%E3%81%82%E3%81%9F%E3%82%8A-ni-\natatteni-atari/)), and I tried to hit my grammars about them; as far as I\nunderstood, the latter two forms are formal and [one can usually replace the\nother](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/15961/whats-the-meaning-\nof-%E3%81%AB%E3%81%82%E3%81%9F%E3%81%A3%E3%81%A6-%E3%81%AB%E3%81%82%E3%81%9F%E3%82%8A-how-\ncan-i-translate-it).\n\nMoreover, in\n[this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/37158/%EF%BD%9E%E9%9A%9B%E3%81%AB-\nand-%EF%BD%9E%E3%81%AB%E9%9A%9B%E3%81%97%E3%81%A6-grammar) answer the answerer\nsaid that «「A に際して B」 is more like \"B taking A as an oppotunity\"», but this\nsounds odd with this example from the grammar site linked above:\n「車を買うに際しては、保険に入らなければならない。」; I understand the sentence, but \"You must buy an\ninsurance taking buying a car as opportunity\" sounds **very** odd to me, since\nyou don't buy the insurance taking the car as opportunity, you buy the\ninsurance because you must have one if you have a car.\n\nIn all of this it doesn't seem that 「際に」 is just a less formal version of the\nother two, but I don't relly understand how these three forms differ.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-15T18:00:15.213",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74421",
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"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "際に, に際して, にあたって",
"view_count": 993
}
|
[
{
"body": "They all have similar meaning - namely, \"faced with X\". IMO 際に and 際して has the\nsame nuance, except that 際して is more formal. All three expressions are neutral\nand don't imply what needs or can be done is positive or negative.\n\nThere are differences between 際に, 際して vs. にあたって. \n- にあたって can be used for events that occur earlier than 際に, 際して \n- にあたって implies the action is done in anticipation\n\nFor example:\n\n> (1) 帰国に際し写真を撮った \n> (2) 帰国にあたって写真撮った\n\nSuppose the photo was taken 6 months before flying back. (2) would be\nperfectly fine, whereas (1) would be a stretch.\n\nAnother example:\n\n> (1) 帰国に際し死亡した \n> (2) 帰国にあたって死亡した\n\n(1) is ok, while (2) is very odd because one wouldn't die in preparation of\nreturning to the home country.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-16T13:49:32.230",
"id": "74439",
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"score": 4
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74421
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74439
|
74439
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I tried searching in jisho.org with different iteratons of the オ to no avail.\n\nThanks in advance. [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/JBDF9.jpg)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-15T18:13:33.413",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74422",
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"owner_user_id": "31415",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"contractions",
"anime"
],
"title": "What does ガッポォオォイ mean?",
"view_count": 427
}
|
[
{
"body": "Googling **ガッポォオォイ** led me to this page:\n\n[ガッポォオォイ！JR秋葉原駅構内で...](https://blog.goo.ne.jp/omaketeki/e/3effb9bbbb5fe99a130a6e0fbd0d258c/?img=f070a19c73f932d6331d595b6998af17)\nwhich gives this explanation:\n\n> **ガッポォオォイ** ！（※ **学校っぽい** の略）\n\n**っぽい** being a common suffix, some kind of slang expression added to convey\nan idea of \"similarity\" or \"likeness\", often translatable as \"-like\" or \"~ish\"\nin English...\n\nExamples:\n\n * 学校っぽい (school-like)\n * 子供っぽい (childish)\n * 熱っぽい (feverish)\n * 安っぽい (cheap-looking)\n * 水っぽい (watery)\n * 滑りっぽい (slippery)\n * 色っぽい (sexy/erotic)",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2020-02-15T19:42:10.110",
"id": "74423",
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"score": 3
},
{
"body": "As others have answered the `ォオォ` part is only to transcribe the elongation of\nthe preceding `ポ` (it could be written `ガッポーーーイ` instead to the same effect),\nso the \"actual\" word you're looking for is `ガッポイ`.\n\n`ガッポイ`, to most people1, will refer to a schoolyardish \"game\" typically played\nby boys. It consists in managing to slide one's hand between an \"adversary\"'s\nlegs, from behind, and raising one's hand up against their crotch while\nshouting 「ガッポイ！」, slightly [akin\nto](https://matome.naver.jp/odai/2139321045591450101#2142897950599738703) the\n[カンチョー](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanch%C5%8D) prank.\n\nHere however, it seems to be a word peculiar to this series (「僕のヒーローアカデミア」)\nand a [screen\nannotation](https://twitter.com/thukihimiandao/status/1228598824265900032?s=20)\nin this very scene spells out that it is, in this setting, meant as a\ncontraction of `[学校]{がっこう}っぽい`.\n\n`っぽい` indicates something that has a strong component of (or similarity to)\nwhat it suffixes (so here, `[学校]{がっこう}`). In other word, `[学校]{がっこう}っぽい` would\ndesignate something very \"[\n**schooly**](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/schooly#Adjective)\", or peculiar\nto school. It wouldn't make much sense out of context, but it seems that in\n_My Hero Academia_ the characters, while being students, spend a lot of time\nfighting and don't often perform activities typical of a traditional school\nenvironment, and since they've just been anounced a [cultural\nfestival](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_festival_\\(Japan\\))\n(「[文化祭]{ぶんかさい}」） (which is an event very typical of a school environment in\nJapan) would take place, they shout `ガッポイ！`, which thus could be translated to\nsomething like _\"How schooly!\"_.\n\n[Source (jp) with illustrations](https://xaircraft.jp/heroaca-gp)\n\n* * *\n\n1. The blog post I cited as [source](https://xaircraft.jp/heroaca-gp) hypothesises that the series creator may have chosen to make up this particular word because he wasn't aware of the existing \"real life\" `ガッポイ` game.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-16T00:04:57.373",
"id": "74426",
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"last_editor_user_id": "4533",
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"score": 5
}
] |
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| null |
74426
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "* 昨日のレースは抜きつ抜かれつで面白かったね。 \n * 旧友と再会し、差しつ差されつ朝まで楽しんだ。\n * 世の中は持ちつ持たれつ、困った時はお互い様ですよ。 \n * 追いつ追われつで、どちらが勝つか予想がつかない。\n\nSometimes I find つ is followed by で, but I am not sure the purpose of this で.\nCould you tell me when it is compulsory to add/not to add で and when it is\noptional?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-16T01:10:25.153",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74427",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "31630",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "When to add で after つ?",
"view_count": 177
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think there is no strict rule when to add で after つ.\n\nBut I'd say that で after つ has a function of ending the flow of thought.\n\nEx. \"昨日のレースは抜きつ抜かれつで\" → The detail of レース would end, now other thing\n(speaker's impression or whatever) would continue. （Ex. 昨日のレースは抜きつ抜かれつで、白熱した）\n\n\"昨日のレースは抜きつ抜かれつ\" → The detail of レース could continue. (Ex.\n昨日のレースは抜きつ抜かれつ、Aが勝つと思ったらBが勝っていいレースだった )\n\nI repeat, there is no strict rule, just a matter of nuance.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2020-02-21T18:20:46.007",
"id": "74541",
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{
"body": "When ～つ～つ means ～たり～たりし **ながら** (\"while doing ~~ and ~~\"), it's not followed\nby で. eg:\n\n> 「旧友と再会し、差しつ差されつ朝まで楽しんだ。」\n\n差しつ差されつ here means 酒をついだりつがれたりし **ながら** , and modifies the verb (phrase)\n「(朝まで)楽しんだ」.\n\n> 「風に吹き飛ばされた赤い帽子は木の葉のように浮きつ沈みつ川を流れて行った。」\n\n浮きつ沈みつ here means 浮いたり沈んだりし **ながら** , and modifies the verb (phrase)\n「(川を)流れて行った」.\n\n* * *\n\n～つ～つ can function like a noun, and can be followed by の, で, or する, etc. eg:\n\n> 「マラソンの最後の500メートルで二人の選手は抜きつ抜かれつ **の** 接戦になった。」\n\n抜きつ抜かれつ here (≂抜いたり抜かれたり) functions as a noun, and it's followed by a の. It\nmodifies the noun 接戦.\n\n> 「昨日のレースは抜きつ抜かれつ **で** 面白かったね。」 \n> 「追いつ追われつ **で** 、どちらが勝つか予想がつかない。」\n\n抜きつ抜かれつ(≂抜いたり抜かれたり), 追いつ追われつ(≂追ったり追われたり) are both followed by the particle で,\nand express the reason for the main verb (phrase) 面白かった and どちらが勝つか予想がつかない,\nrespectively. I think you could also interpret the で as the continuative form\nof the copula だ, and split the sentences as: 「昨日のレースは抜きつ抜かれつ **だった**\n。（それで/だから）面白かった。」「（レースは）追いつ追われつ **だ** 。（それで/だから）どちらが勝つか予想がつかない」\n\n> 「変な男の人がうちの前を行きつ戻りつ **している** 。何をしているんだろう。」\n\n行きつ戻りつ(≂行ったり戻ったり) here functions like a する-verb and is followed by している.\n\n* * *\n\n> 「世の中は持ちつ持たれつ、困った時はお互い様ですよ。」\n\nYou could think of the 世の中は持ちつ持たれつ part as a quote (引用) of a set phrase or a\nproverb ([諺]{ことわざ}). You could also think of this as two sentences, like\n「世の中は持ちつ持たれつ。困った時はお互い様ですよ。」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-22T13:52:57.463",
"id": "74557",
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74427
| null |
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|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74470",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm attempting to practice my writing and tried writing this in Japanese\n\n> Because its cold outside I went to eat Pho with a friend.\n\nOriginally I wrote\n\n> 寒い外なので僕 **は** 友達とフォーを食べに行きました。\n\nI was then given multiple corrections by native speakers.\n\nPerson A and Person B both wrote\n\n> 外 **は** 寒いので僕 **は** 友達とフォーを食べに行きました。\n\nPerson C wrote\n\n> 外 **が** 寒いので僕 **は** 友達とフォーを食べに行きました。\n\nLooking at these corrections the Person A and Person B one doesn't make sense\nto me. I don't understand why は is used twice in this case.\n\nFrom what I understand, double は is used for comparisons. Where the first は is\nthe \"topic marker\", so in this case outside (外), and the second は marks I (僕)\nwhich is where the comparison comes in.\n\nBut using this \"comparison grammar\" this way seems really odd to me because\nnow I read the Person A and Person B correction as\n\n> Because its cold outside I went to eat Pho with a friend opposed to other\n> people in the world who may have not done this.\n\nThis seems very wrong to me. So what am I missing here / not understanding\nhere?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-16T03:25:11.290",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74430",
"last_activity_date": "2021-11-17T14:08:09.733",
"last_edit_date": "2021-11-17T14:08:09.733",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30339",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particles",
"particle-は"
],
"title": "Confusion about double は in correction",
"view_count": 227
}
|
[
{
"body": "This may be disappointing to hear, but there's no major difference between\n外は寒いので(…) and 外が(…) unless you imagine peculiar situations. (That's why native\nspeakers produced both of those sentences.)\n\nWhy is that? That's because using vs not using は heavily depends on context.\n\n> From what I understand, double は is used for comparisons. Where the first は\n> is the \"topic marker\", so in this case outside (外), and the second は marks I\n> (僕) which is where the comparison comes in.\n\nThere's no such rule. Each は is interpreted accordingly given its own context.\n\nFor example, if you said the example sentence after saying something about how\nyou were outside, it would be natural that you continue with 外は(…) because\nit's shared/known information; otherwise you'd use 外が.\n\nHowever, you could still use は with virtually no pretense **in this case.**\nThere are a couple of potential reasons for this. For one, since you are\ntalking about going to another place, **there's a sign of a potential switch\nof topic** , even if the sense of contrast is not so strong as to imply that\nsomething is not the case with another topic. Secondly, words like 外 that\nstand for places simply tend to be topicalized naturally, due to implicitly\nbeing in the discourse.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-17T23:11:31.023",
"id": "74470",
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74430
|
74470
|
74470
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74434",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "For hearsay (伝聞), one can append そうです to the plain form of an adjective and\nverb. For example:\n\n> 体にいいそうです - Heard it's good for the body\n\nThere is also another way to say that and that's using って. For example:\n\n> 体にいいって - Heard it's good for the body\n\nThe question is, what is the difference between these 2 sentences?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-16T05:21:22.660",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74433",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-21T19:00:32.097",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-16T05:33:44.363",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "36603",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "Word usages for hearsay: ～そうです vs ～って",
"view_count": 473
}
|
[
{
"body": "「～って。」 is quite casual and colloquial.\n\nいい **そうです** 。 -- polite and formal \nいい **そうだ** 。 -- less polite \nいいんだ **って** 。or いい **って** 。 -- informal, casual, and colloquial\n\neg\n\n> ごま油は、体にいい **そうです** よ。-- You might say this to your boss, teacher, or\n> customer. \n> ごま油って、体にいいんだ **って** 。-- You might say this to your family or friends.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-16T05:40:28.237",
"id": "74434",
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{
"body": "In addition to Chocolate's answer, it may be worth noting the actual literal\ndifference between the two forms:\n\n「そうです」 means, basically, \"it appears to be that way\", so 「体にいいそうです」 literally\nmeans \"It seems that it's good for the body\" (the implication being that it\nseems that way because people have said it's so).\n\n「って」 is a contraction of 「と言う」(see [Tae Kim's\npage](http://www.guidetojapanese.org/quotation.html#part4)), that is, it\nliterally means \"(someone) says\", so 「体にいいって」 literally translates to \"people\nsay it's good for the body\" (although depending on context, it might also mean\n\"he/she says it's good for the body\", etc, so one needs to be a bit more\ncareful).",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-21T19:00:32.097",
"id": "74542",
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74433
|
74434
|
74434
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
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"body": "How can I say \"I'm tired of waiting\", \"I'm tired/bored of staying home all\nday\"?\n\nCan I use て form + 疲れる? What is the difference among 疲れる、飽きる and うんざりする?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-16T12:25:46.943",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74438",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-21T15:35:53.727",
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"owner_user_id": "21801",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 14,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-choice",
"usage",
"nuances",
"syntax"
],
"title": "How can I say \"to be tired of verbING\" in Japanese?",
"view_count": 2984
}
|
[
{
"body": "Yes, but it has a nuance like \"I am tired because I am verb+ing\". I think のに\nappropriates for your sentence such as 一日中家にいるのに疲れる.\n\nWhen I read dictionaries, I noticed that these words \"tired\", \"bored\",\n\"weary\", \"fatigued\" are used in order to explain 疲れる、飽きる、うんざりする, so it may be\ndifficult to explain the difference among them by using these English words.\n\nJapanese dictionaries say that 疲れる means \"体力や気力を消耗してその働きが衰える\", 飽きる means\n\"多すぎたり、同じことが長く続いたりして、いやになる\", うんざりする means \"物事に飽きて、つくづくいやになるさま\". I dare to\nexplain them in English, 疲れる means \"to consume energy\", 飽きる means \"to lose\ninterest\", うんざりする means \"to be fed up with\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-16T14:59:49.580",
"id": "74441",
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{
"body": "The best choice here would probably be 飽きる.\n\n飽きる expresses that you have become bored with something. It is no longer\ninteresting, you've had enough of it.\n\ne.g. 僕はテレビを見るのに飽きたよ I'm tired of watching television.\n\nうんざりする is an onomatopoeia. It express more emotion than 飽きる. I feel that\nうんざりis good when you are fed up with something which is negative to start\nwith, such as bad manners.\n\ne.g. 僕は彼の下品な冗談にはうんざりする I'm fed up with his vulgar jokes.\n\n疲れる is different from the above two words because it is concerned with\nexpressing physical exhaustion rather than boredom or contempt.\n\ne.g. 僕は歩くのに疲れたよ I'm tired from walking.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-16T15:43:19.917",
"id": "74442",
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{
"body": "> How can I say \"I'm tired of waiting\"\n\nThere is actually a special verb for this, machikutabireru. 待ちくたびれる.\n\n> , \"I'm tired/bored of staying home all day\"?\n\nThe most common thing I hear is something like \"のがいやになった\". 一日中家にいるのがいやになった。\n(ichinichijuu ie ni iru no ga iya ni natta.) What one thinks of as most common\nmay depend on the speakers one most often hears, of course.\n\n> Can I use て form + 疲れる?\n\nI think you can say 待って疲れた but つかれる tends to mean physical or mental tiredness\nrather than exasperation or impatience.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-16T23:35:36.783",
"id": "74447",
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{
"body": "In Japanese 疲れる will only refer to the condition of being exhausted;\n\nSo, if you say ずっと家にいて疲れた。(I'm tired/bored of staying home all day), it will\nmean that you are exhausted, usually either physically or mentally as a result\nof staying (ずっといて).\n\nIf you just want to express your unwillingness to stay or dis-satisfaction of\nstaying, we'd rather say, ずっと家にいて飽きた。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-17T10:01:52.940",
"id": "74462",
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| null |
74441
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "Is there, even if it's speculative, any explanation to the squareness of kanji\ncharacters?\n\nWhy are 口, 回 or 円 not circles or round like の, for example?\n\nWas making circles with early day tools too clumsy? If at the beginning they\nhad to scratch a hard surface, I can imagine that straight lines were easier\nto draw.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-16T14:47:00.200",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74440",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-17T11:34:20.847",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-17T09:35:01.103",
"last_editor_user_id": "26510",
"owner_user_id": "4652",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"etymology",
"calligraphy"
],
"title": "Squareness of kanji characters",
"view_count": 487
}
|
[
{
"body": "Kanji were originally usually written with a brush, and it's easier to read\nand write block shapes and right angles, so the commonest form of writing,\nkaisho (楷書) used right angled lines. But there is no reason they have to be\nsquare though, the hiragana like の originated from rounded shapes of a\ncalligraphic style called sousho (草書).\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/tVIKO.jpg)\n\nAs for why they are square dimensionally (sorry if that was not your\nquestion), the first thing to note is that for hundreds of years kanji were\nwritten going downwards only, so the relative horizontal sizes of the\ncharacters were probably less important than the vertical sizes. If you look\nat calligraphy it's not clear that anybody insists that the characters all\nhave to line up horizontally, although they usually line up vertically.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/WR5Ew.jpg)\n\nThe other thing to note is that for printing with movable type it's much\neasier to deal with square type, so probably the reason that kanji typefaces\nare all so square was to do with printer's convenience.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-16T23:42:14.560",
"id": "74448",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-17T03:48:42.547",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-17T03:48:42.547",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
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"parent_id": "74440",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "> Was making circles with early day tools too clumsy?\n\nYes, exactly. Kanji derived from oracle bone script used in ancient China, and\nit was indeed difficult to make circles on bones or turtle shells.\n\n> ### [Oracle bone script](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle_bone_script)\n>\n> Oracle bone script (Chinese: 甲骨文) was the form of Chinese characters used on\n> oracle bones—animal bones or turtle plastrons used in pyromantic\n> divination—in the late 2nd millennium BC, and is the earliest known form of\n> Chinese writing.\n>\n> * * *\n>\n> Comparing oracle bone script to both Shang and early Western Zhou period\n> writing on bronzes, oracle bone script is clearly greatly simplified, and\n> rounded forms are often converted to rectilinear ones; **this is thought to\n> be due to the difficulty of engraving the hard, bony surfaces, compared with\n> the ease of writing them in the wet clay of the molds the bronzes were cast\n> from**.\n\nAfter paper and brushes were invented, it was no longer difficult to make\nrounded strokes, and various forms of [cursive\nscript](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cursive_script_\\(East_Asia\\)) evolved\n(hiragana also derived from cursive kanji). Still, the \"regular\" form remained\nfull of straight lines and mildly-curved lines.\n\n**EDIT:** As others say, the shapes changed significantly after people stopped\nusing bones and turtles, so what I have written above is a partial reason.",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-17T02:53:53.073",
"id": "74449",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-17T11:34:20.847",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "74440",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
},
{
"body": "This is not an ease-of-writing problem. In fact, drawing circles has gotten\neasier over the years, but somehow the ease of drawing circles corresponded to\na decrease in the appearance of them. The decrease was a stylistic (and not so\nmuch practical) choice.\n\nComponents which were originally round have almost all changed into a\nrectangular/square or other shapes by the time of [clerical\nscript](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clerical_script) (隸書).\n\n> [「口」 was not really\n> round](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian?kaiOrder=39). It was a\n> picture of a mouth with the corners of the mouth emphasised.\n\n* * *\n\nIn terms of \"good\" circles or spirals, what you generally see is the\nfollowing:\n\n * [Shang Dynasty](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shang_dynasty) [oracle bones](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle_bone_script): occasional attempts or rough polygon approximations\n\n * Shang and [Zhou](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_dynasty) [bronzeware](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_bronze_inscriptions) or [other inscriptions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stone_Drums_of_Qin): matured circles and spirals\n\n * Zhou and [Qin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qin_dynasty) brush scripts (e.g. [Chu Silk Manuscripts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chu_Silk_Manuscript), [Shuihudi Bamboo Texts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuihudi_Qin_bamboo_texts)): matured circles and spirals, with some indications of moving away from them\n\n * Clerical script: circles and spirals have pretty much disappeared.\n\n`[商](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shang_dynasty) \n[甲](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle_bone_script) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/D0eoD.png) \n[甲](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)903 \n[合集34165](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=34165&jgwfl=)``[西周](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Zhou) \n[金](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_bronze_inscriptions) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Dmhnz.png) \n回父丁爵 \n[集成8906](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=8906&jgwfl=)``[戰國](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warring_States_period)・[楚](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chu_\\(state\\)) \n[簡](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamboo_and_wooden_slips) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/uXoPv.png) \n3.294 \n新蔡葛陵楚``[秦](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qin_dynasty) \n簡 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/xkfbM.png) \n[秦](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/QinwenziReference)148 \n[睡虎地秦簡](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuihudi_Qin_bamboo_texts)``[東漢](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Han_dynasty#Eastern_Han) \n[隸](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clerical_script) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/YSAOm.png) \n婁壽碑 \n``今 \n[楷](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_script) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/aujTj.png) \n \n`\n\n`商 \n甲 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/3nfvS.png) \n[佚](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)11 \n[合集20592](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=20592&jgwfl=)``西周 \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/dhGER.png) \n員父尊 \n[集成5861](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=5861&jgwfl=)``戰國・楚 \n簡 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/BvqOw.png) \n緇衣45 \n[荊門郭店楚](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guodian_Chu_Slips)``秦 \n簡 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/CirI3.png) \n[秦](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/QinwenziReference)123 \n睡虎地秦簡``東{{kr:漢}} \n隸 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/4farP.png) \n史晨前後碑 \n``今 \n楷 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/EM1JH.png) \n \n`\n\n`商 \n甲 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/F213J.png) \n[2061](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=3&bh=2061&jgwfl=) \n小屯南甲骨``西周 \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/q3Wqa.png) \n史墻盤 \n[集成10175](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=10175&jgwfl=)``戰國・楚 \n簡 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/MCxf7.png) \n[天卜](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/ChuwenziReference) \n``秦 \n簡 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/RCuHS.png) \n[秦](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/QinwenziReference)87 \n睡虎地秦簡``東{{kr:漢}} \n隸 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/QeopN.png) \n北{{kr:海}}相景君 \n``今 \n楷 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/gGfvT.png) \n \n`\n\n`商 \n甲 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/f5023.png) \n[甲](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)2903 \n[合集20576](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=20576&jgwfl=)``西周 \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/m0ZC0.png) \n七年趞曹鼎 \n[集成2783](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=2783&jgwfl=)``戰國・楚 \n簡 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ix0sZ.png) \n1.05 \n信陽竹書簡``秦 \n簡 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/GnsFq.png) \n[秦](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/QinwenziReference)62 \n睡虎地秦簡``東{{kr:漢}} \n隸 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/IuJH3.png) \n孔龢碑 \n``今 \n楷 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/zMgzL.png) \n \n`\n\n`商 \n甲 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/KHb90.png) \n[續](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)2.4.11 \n[合集14227](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=14227&jgwfl=)``[春秋](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spring_and_Autumn_period) \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/BwGOf.png) \n姑發反劍 \n[集成11718](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=11718&jgwfl=)``戰國・楚 \n簡 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Fsw9m.png) \n緇衣35 \n荊門郭店楚``秦 \n簡 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/aocPm.png) \n[日甲](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/QinwenziReference)44背 \n睡虎地秦簡``東{{kr:漢}} \n隸 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZasaV.png) \n白石神君碑 \n``今 \n楷 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/stMOQ.png) \n \n`",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-17T09:30:07.947",
"id": "74461",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-17T10:42:15.700",
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"score": 2
}
] |
74440
| null |
74449
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74445",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "There are understandably a lot of words in Japanese that are made of Kanji\ntotally unrelated to the meaning of the actual word.\n\nHowever, it's hard to ignore the ubiquitous 沢山.\n\nHow did a combination of swamp and mountain come to be used to express \"many\"?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-16T15:59:42.003",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74443",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-16T23:10:44.453",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-16T19:43:49.520",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "36831",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"etymology",
"adjectives"
],
"title": "How did 沢山 (たくさん) come to mean \"many\"?",
"view_count": 586
}
|
[
{
"body": "The 語源由来辞典 (<http://gogen-allguide.com/>) has the following [entry for\n沢山](http://gogen-allguide.com/ta/takusan.html)\n\n> **沢山**\n>\n> 【意味】 沢山とは、数量の多いこと。十分なこと。それ以上不要なこと。\n>\n> 【沢山の語源・由来】 \n> たくさんは、多い意味の形容動詞語幹「さは（多）」と、数の多いことを表す「やま（山）」を重ねた「さはやま」に「沢山」の字を当て、音読したものといわれる。\n> ただし、「さはやま（さわやま）」の例が見られるのは近世に入ってからであるのに対し、「たくさん」の例は鎌倉時代の『平家物語』に見られるため、「さはやま」は「沢山（たくさん）」の訓読みと考えるのが妥当である。\n> その他、「たかい（高い）」「たける（長ける）」など、「ｔａｋ」の音から「たく（沢）」が当てられ「沢山」になったとする説もあるが未詳。\n\nSummarized the entry says that the word 沢山 is often said to be the _on'yomi_\nof さわやま (=さはやま), where\n\n * 沢【さわ】 is _ateji_ for the word stem さは (多) meaning \"many\", and\n * 山【やま】 is also used for its meaning of \"many, numerous\".\n\nHowever, さはやま only appears in the early modern period, whereas there are\nalready examples of たくさん in the _Heike Monogatari_ from the Kamakura period,\nso さはやま could rather be thought of a _kun'yomi_ of たくさん.\n\nThe first part could also come from _tak-_ in words like _takai_ (高い) \"tall\"\nor _takeru_ (長ける) \"to rise high\", but in the end, the origin is just not\nclear.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-16T19:42:19.777",
"id": "74445",
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"parent_id": "74443",
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"score": 2
}
] |
74443
|
74445
|
74445
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 女の子の名前 **で** 雪花{ゆきか} **って** 変ですか？\n\nI came across this question title on a Japanese site while doing some digging\nabout mixing kun and on readings for names, and I understand the overall\nmeaning but I'm confused on the use of \"de\" and \"tte\". Help would be much\nappreciated! (To clarify, I'm not asking the question)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-16T19:24:37.273",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74444",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-16T19:43:08.917",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-16T19:36:35.110",
"last_editor_user_id": "7944",
"owner_user_id": "36885",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"particles",
"particle-で",
"particle-って"
],
"title": "\"女の子の名前で雪花って変ですか？\" \"de\" and \"tte\" usage",
"view_count": 133
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 女の子の名前 **で** 雪花 **って** 変ですか？\n\nThe で means 'in' or 'among'. I guess it's an abbreviation of の中で, but I'm not\nsure what difference that would make (not a native speaker).\n\nThe って is a topic marker. This is equivalent to は but more casual/informal.\n\nThe whole translation:\n\n> Among girls names, is Yukika weird?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-16T19:43:08.917",
"id": "74446",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-16T19:43:08.917",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "7944",
"parent_id": "74444",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
74444
| null |
74446
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In the context of the phrase [\"Just kidding...\nunless...?\"](https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/just-kidding-unless), how would\nthe word \"unless\" be translated? Here, \"unless\" has sort of a connotation of\n\"what if...?\" as well as \"unless you want to?\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-17T03:37:11.620",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74452",
"last_activity_date": "2022-01-23T03:44:25.833",
"last_edit_date": "2022-01-23T03:44:25.833",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "36890",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"phrase-requests"
],
"title": "How to say \"unless...?\" in the context of \"but what if\"",
"view_count": 373
}
|
[
{
"body": "Or you can just use 冗談でした。。。けど。。。もしか。。。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-17T06:18:13.853",
"id": "74455",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-17T06:18:13.853",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36847",
"parent_id": "74452",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
74452
| null |
74455
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74459",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I was going through some sentences and I found that the word かぜ was used\nbefore 私は and in one after 私は. E.g.\n\n> 私はなぜ風邪をひいているの\n>\n> なぜ私は風邪をひいているの\n\nSo, my question is; Is there a difference between the two?\n\nMoreover, what about いつでも in the same case:\n\n> 私はいつでも風邪をひいているの\n>\n> いつでも私は風邪をひいているの",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-17T05:52:52.713",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74454",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-19T15:04:28.647",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "36729",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"grammar",
"comparative-constructions"
],
"title": "Will the meaning/nuance change in the following construction?",
"view_count": 84
}
|
[
{
"body": "Both the sentences are grammatically same in meaning. Except by pronunciation\nfocus can be shifted to 私 or 風邪. English translation for both is same \"Why do\nI have cold\", here the focus is shifted just by pronunciation.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-17T06:35:41.247",
"id": "74456",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-17T06:35:41.247",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36847",
"parent_id": "74454",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "Both mean the same thing, but the second form occurs less frequently and\nattracts attention. So, normally you'd use the first form, but for the impact\nyou might go for the second form.\n\nE.g. let's say my boss is asking:\n\n> (1) 昨日の書類なぜここに置いてあるの？ \n> (2) なぜ昨日の書類ここに置いてあるの？\n\nThe second form sounds definitely more alarming than the former (it's hard to\nsay it in a way that doesn't convey irritation).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-17T08:30:46.717",
"id": "74459",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-17T08:30:46.717",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "499",
"parent_id": "74454",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
74454
|
74459
|
74459
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74458",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "This is Goku talking to Bulma who's taking too long to get ready. Translated\nas: \"If you were any slower, you'd turn into a turtle\".\n\nおまえ = you\n\nのろ = slow\n\nいなー = いない = ??\n\n亀 = turtle\n\nになっちゃう = turned into (completed action)\n\nぞ = emphasis\n\nIs いない for \"iru negated\" or 以内 = less than?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-17T06:41:08.843",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74457",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-17T06:49:02.430",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-17T06:49:02.430",
"last_editor_user_id": "11857",
"owner_user_id": "11857",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "おまえのろいなー亀になっちゃうぞ DB Chapter 2",
"view_count": 63
}
|
[
{
"body": "This のろいなー is an i-adjective のろい (\"slow\") followed by a sentence-end particle\nな (a masculine variant of ね). な is elongated to add emotion. There is no\nnegation.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-17T06:45:24.760",
"id": "74458",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-17T06:45:24.760",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "74457",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
74457
|
74458
|
74458
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "I was studying about とき. I came to know that とき means \"when\" If used in\nfollowing sentences:\n\nFormat: S1ときS2 (as per my own inference) (Please correct me if I am wrong)\n\n> 1. S1- Adj(both i and na) and S2-Anything\n>\n> 2. S1 - Noun and S2-Anything\n>\n> 3. When S1 expresses a state and S2 anything\n>\n> 4. When S1 is a verb but is in ている form\n>\n>\n\nThen I came across a concept, that when S1 is a verb (for now let us take\naction verb), the meaning will be different as per the tenses used:\n\nEg.\n\n> 私はご飯を食べるとき手を洗う （I wash my hands before I eat)\n>\n> 私はご飯を食べたとき手を洗う （I wash my hands after I eaten)\n>\n> 私はご飯を食べるとき手を洗った （I washed my hands before I ate)\n>\n> 私はご飯を食べたとき手を洗った （I washed my hands after I ate)\n\nAfter this I came across a sentence:\n\n> 松本さんは朝ごはんを食べるときいつもテレビを見る\n\nIn this sentence the translation in the same book was given \"Mr. Matsumoto\nalways watches TV when he eats\"\n\nSo, my queries are the following:\n\n 1. Does this sentence (Matsumoto sentence) mean, Matsumoto always watch TV before he eats?\n 2. If the sentence means what the book says i.e. \"Mr. Matsumoto always watches TV when he eats\" wasn't ている supposed to be used to make mean (when it was happening) i.e. 食べている rather than 食べる?\n 3. Has, いつも something to do with the sentence making it a \"state of being\" thereby, allowing the use of \"when\"?\n 4. Does this S1 Verb (action) condition i.e. right before or right after apply in case S2 is adjective/noun; E.g. 私は本を読むとき静かな (thereby, meaning I am quiet before I study?); 私は本を読んだとき静かな (I am quiet after I study (As in context of I am in state of silence after I study); and 私は本を読読んでいるとき静かな(meaning I am quiet when I am studying)? or is there any other rule?\n\nThanks :)\n\nBook reference: A dictionary of basic Japanese Grammar Pg. 490-492",
"comment_count": 8,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-17T12:36:20.597",
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"tags": [
"meaning",
"grammar",
"comparative-constructions"
],
"title": "Construction and Meaning of とき in the following cases",
"view_count": 320
}
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[
{
"body": "Some general thoughts on the difference between 食べるとき and 食べているとき. \nYour sentence is:\n\n> 松本さんは朝ごはんを食べるときいつもテレビを見る。 \n> _Mr. Matsumoto always watches TV when he eats._\n\nThis is correct because there is a subtle difference between 食べるとき and\n食べているとき. In the former, 食べるとき is used to describe habitual actions in a\ngeneral way. In other words, it is describing Mr. Matsumoto's general habit of\nwhat he does while he has breakfast. The length of time of 食べるとき in this case\nis the duration of his meal. What is being expressed is what happens over the\ncourse of that duration of time.\n\nThe latter, 食べているとき is generally used to emphasise a specific instance of what\nhe did/does/will do while he eats his breakfast. It is more to do with the\naction of eating itself rather than the abstract concept of the duration of\nthe meal. Think of it as if we are discussing a particular moment in time,\nrather than a typical everyday occurrence. In this case, the moment in time is\nthe action of eating. It defines a narrower range of time than 食べるとき.\n\nHaving said that, because of the insertion of いつも, the sentence would make\nsense in either case, in my opinion. Adding いつも guarantees that the listener\nis aware that we are talking about habitual actions rather than an isolated\ninstance of something. I do think that 食べるとき is still more natural because it\nrefers to the general duration of the meal. And I think it is better to\nremember that using plain form verbs with とき can describe habitual actions,\nwhereas using ～ているとき generally points to an individual momentary instance of\nthat action.",
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"creation_date": "2020-02-17T15:07:04.637",
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"body": "Disclaimer: I am still fairly new to Japanese myself. You may want to take\nthis with a grain of salt, but it seems to work for me.\n\nI think part of the problem is you're reading a bit too much into とき in those\nverb examples. For me, I think it's easier to understand everything if we\nconsistently translate とき as \"when\" in all cases, and just look at the verb\ntenses like so:\n\n> 私はご飯を食べるとき手を洗う -- I wash my hands when I eat\n\nThis does not actually explicitly say \"before\", however it basically says that\neating and washing hands are part of the same event, and since the normal\norder for someone to do that is to wash their hands first and then eat, that's\nthe natural implication here (the English phrase implies pretty much the same\nthing).\n\n> 私はご飯を食べたとき手を洗う -- I wash my hands when I have (already) eaten\n\nSince the eating is past tense, this implies the associated \"when\" is actually\na point in time after the eating has concluded.\n\n> 私はご飯を食べるとき手を洗った -- I washed my hands when I ate\n\nThis is just the past form of the first sentence, with the same implications\nabout timing, just in the past. (As is common in Japanese, the main verb being\npast-tense automatically pushes any linked verbs into the past, but the non-\npast-plus-とき construction still implies the two things were happening as part\nof the same event, whenever that was)\n\n> 私はご飯を食べたとき手を洗った -- I washed my hands when I had eaten\n\nAs with #2, the past tense of \"eat\" implies that it was concluded before the\n\"when\" happened, so that combined with 洗った pushing things into the past as\nwell, we end up with a past-past tense, or in English, the past-perfect \"had\neaten\".\n\nSo, given this way of reading とき, then, your last sentence would actually be\nread exactly as your original translation suggests:\n\n> 松本さんは朝ごはんを食べるときいつもテレビを見る -- Regarding Mr. Matsumoto, he always watches TV\n> when he eats breakfast.\n\nThe difference in interpretation here is not a difference in the meaning of とき\n(it means the same \"when\" in both cases), but rather an implied difference in\nwhat it means to \"wash one's hands when one eats\" vs \"watch TV when one eats\".\nIn the first case, people do not normally expect you to be actually washing\nyour hands and shoving food in your mouth simultaneously, but rather everyone\nexpects the conventional order of washing-then-eating, even though the text\ndoesn't explicitly say it. In the second case, there's no such common\nassumption, and in fact most people would assume that if someone's watching TV\n\"when\" something else is going on, that it actually means they're happening at\nthe same time.\n\nOn the other hand, I would tend to translate the ている form as:\n\n> 食べているときテレビを見る -- he watches TV when he (happens to be) eating\n\nJust as in English, this means something more or less the same as the other\n(especially if combined with いつも), but just with slightly different nuances.\nIn English, the \"when he is eating\" form as opposed to \"when he eats\" tends to\nimply a bit more that it's a condition that just happened, rather than\nsomething that was intended/planned, and I think there's some of this in the\nJapanese as well. That is, more a sense of \"whenever he's eating, he seems to\nfind himself watching TV\", as opposed to \"When he sits down to eat, he also\ndecides to watch TV\".",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2020-02-19T19:08:51.143",
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"body": "松本さんは朝ごはんを食べるときいつもテレビを見る。 Mr. Matumoto always watches TV while he eats\nbreakfast. 朝ごはんを食べながらいつもテレビを見る、朝ごはんを食べている時いつもテレビを見る。Are Also the same meaning.",
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"creation_date": "2020-02-20T04:58:19.593",
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74464
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74465
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"body": "Context: In the manga リクドウ, Riku is going to fight against Hyodo. **Hyodo** is\na boxer and the son of a former world champion boxer, so he's a thoroughbred\n(サラブレッド). He didn't have a good relationship with his father so he moved to\nYoneda Boxing Gym. **Yoneda** is a trainer that has recently inherited his\nfather's boxing gym. The two seem to make a good team together. Hearing about\nall this, Riku's trainer says:\n\n> ボクシング **親子同士のペア** か…強敵だな\n\nWhat is the meaning of ボクシング親子同士のペア? To me it translates to \"a boxing couple\nwith a father-and-son-like relationship\", but the fact that they seem to be\nabout the same age made me think that my translation could be wrong. Could it\nrefer to the fact that they both continued the profession of their fathers and\nso, in a certain sense, they are both thoroughbred?\n\n[Here](https://i.imgur.com/nuV8tDM.jpg) you can see the original page. Thank\nyou for your help!",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2020-02-17T15:31:13.447",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74466",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words",
"manga",
"sports"
],
"title": "Meaning of 親子同士のペア in the following sentence",
"view_count": 128
}
|
[
{
"body": "ボクシング親子 in this context means \"Both father and his son participate in boxing\".\nHyodo's and Yoneda's father are familiar with boxing, so they are ボクシング親子 each\nother.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2020-02-17T15:58:42.783",
"id": "74467",
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"body": "X親子 normally refers to a parent and a child where both of the two are X (or\nrelated to X) (e.g., 料理人親子, 天才親子). Y同士のペア refers to a pair where the two\nmembers are both Y (e.g., 大学生同士のペア, 男同士のペア).\n\nActually, ボクシング親子同士のペア is a puzzling expression to me; an 親子 is already a kind\nof pair, so it sounds like \"pair of pairs\". It could mean \"a pair consisting\nof a parent and his/her child\", although redundant. However, judging from the\npicture, this ペア seems to be referring to the two sons drawn in the previous\nframe. Logically speaking, it should've been ボクシング親子の息子の方同士のペア or\nボクシング関係の親を持つ子同士のペア. Maybe the author shortened the expression knowing the\nreaders would understand the intended meaning with the aid of the picture...",
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74466
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74467
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74468
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"body": "This is Goku translated as: \"Alright. Exercise time!\".\n\n体操 = excercise\n\nでも = but\n\nして = doing\n\nこよっと = ??\n\nI couldn't find any reference to understand でもして. Also the ending こよっと, I\ncouldn't find it in any dictionary.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-17T16:30:21.393",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74469",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-02-17T17:06:00.213",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "11857",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"particle-と",
"volitional-form",
"particle-でも"
],
"title": "体操でもしてこよっと DB Chapter 2",
"view_count": 115
}
|
[] |
74469
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
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"body": "The sentence in question is as follows (the part that I have a question about\nis in bold):\n\n> **それも体操部全員でかかれとは** 、いかに戦闘ランクの低い自分の部でも合点が行かなかった。\n\nThe context goes something like this: the Fighting Gymnastics Club, led by\nClub President Emi, attacks Reiko, a member of the Comics Appreciation Club.\nThey fully expected to beat the tar out of her, but she beats the tar out of\nthem instead. Now it is just Reiko and Emi facing each other in a showdown.\n\nHere are some more sentences to add to the context:\n\n「冷子、あんたタダの漫研じゃないね！？」\n\nもともとおかしな話ではあった。同級の鬼塚冷子を下校時に襲えという命令。 **それも体操部全員でかかれとは**\n、いかに戦闘ランクの低い自分の部でも合点が行かなかった。相手は冴えない文化部、それも卑しい漫画研究会なのである！\n\n> “Reiko, you aren’t just CA, are you!?”\n>\n> It was a strange story from the start (but…). She was under orders to attack\n> Onizuka, Reiko who is in the same class with her when she was coming home\n> from school. **それも体操部全員でかかれとは、**no matter how low on the fighting ranks her\n> own club was, it did not make sense. The reason is that their opponents are\n> the unappealing culture clubs and the lowly Comics Appreciation Club at\n> that!\n\nOkay, I’m going to try to break down that part of the sentence into pieces.\n\nそれも: It seems that it is often translated as “and that” or “at that”.\n\n体操部全員: I am pretty sure it is translated as “all the Gymnastics Club members”.\n\nでかかれ: Okay, this one was tricky for me. Why? Because as [Kotobank\nかかる](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E6%8E%9B%E3%81%8B%E3%82%8B%E3%83%BB%E6%87%B8%E3%81%8B%E3%82%8B%E3%83%BB%E6%8E%9B%E3%82%8B%E3%83%BB%E6%87%B8%E3%82%8B-226853)\nshows, the term has a long list of definitions. Well, not as long as the lists\nof definitions of some words in English, but I digress. In spite of that, I\nthink it is translated as “attack with” or “swoop down on her with”.\n\nとは: This term has me stumped. [Kotobank\nとは](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E3%81%A8%E3%81%AF-584438) does have a list of\ndefinitions, but the hard part is figuring out which definition I should go\nwith. I am pretty sure that this term is not defining the preceding phrase. I\nalso don’t think it expresses strong emotions (or does it?). Right now, I\nthink it might be an emphasizer for “と”.\n\nI think that the sentence fragment is translated as “And saying to swoop down\non her with all the Gymnastics Club members at that,…”\n\nAm I on the right track with this? I would really appreciate your help with\nthis.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2020-02-18T01:24:04.817",
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"id": "74471",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-18T23:20:41.220",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"sentence"
],
"title": "Can you help me understand the first part of the following sentence?",
"view_count": 133
}
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[
{
"body": "This usage of とは falls under definition 2 of the page you provided:\n\n> ２ 定義・命題などの主題であることを示す。…というものは。「友情とは、かけがえのないものだ」\n\nIt's simply making the command of being asked to gather all the Gymnastic Club\nmembers (presumably to fight) the subject. So a translation, more or less,\ncould be something like \"And the fact that she was asked to bring all the\nmembers, no matter how weak the club was, is even more confusing.\"\n\nSome similar example sentences may help clarify this:\n\n> それを全部、救いのない個人で解決しろというのは、あまりにも過酷ではないでしょうか。\n>\n> Isn't that too cruel to leave all the solutions to helpless individuals?\n\n(From Hiragana Times, 2005年3月号)\n\n> 食事ぐらいならまだしも, 泊めてくれとは図々しい.\n>\n> Coming for a meal is OK, but asking to stay overnight, that's too cheeky.\n\n(From 新和英大辞典)",
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"body": "I'm trying to say \"I learned that expensive items are not always better than\ncheap ones.\"\n\nShould I use the Aのほうが Bより (property) grammar to say that?\n\nAlso, I don't know the grammar to say \"I learned such and such\" yet, but I\nfound this other post that says I can use 勉強になりました。\n\n[How to say that you \"learned a lot\" by doing\nsomething](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/29202/how-to-say-that-\nyou-learned-a-lot-by-doing-something)\n\nSo putting it all together I came up with something like\nいつも高い物のほうがやすい物よりましじゃないを勉強になりました。Is this correct?\n\nOr should i use はずです and say something like this?\n\n高い物のほうがやすい物よりましはずでしたが、いつも事実じゃないを勉強になりました",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2020-02-18T01:30:27.330",
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"id": "74472",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "How to say \"I learned\" with comparison between two items grammar",
"view_count": 182
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[
{
"body": "The grammar choice is fine, but your sentence has a number of errors.\n\n * 勉強になる is an intransitive set phrase which never takes を (although it sometimes takes と). 学ぶ takes an object marked with を, but the part before を must be a noun. You have to nominalize the clause using こと.\n * まし is not the right adjective here. See [this question](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/40225/5010) for the reason.\n * いつも～じゃない is ambiguous, but tends to mean \"always not\" or \"never\" rather than \"not always/necessarily\". Please learn [how to use ～とは限らない](https://www.nihongomaster.com/dictionary/entry/100941/tohakagiranai).\n\nCorrected version:\n\n> * 高い物の方が安い物より良いとは限らないことを学びました。\n> * 高い物が安い物より良いとは限らない、と勉強になりました。\n> * 高い物の方が安い物より良いと思っていましたが、それが事実とは限らない、と学びました。\n>",
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74473
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"body": "An example sentence for a new word I learned was:\n\n> 徐々にホームシックを克服していってます\n\nWhat is していってます? Why not just say しています? I understand that its te form of\nしている, but what is the difference between these two?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-18T05:45:18.683",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74474",
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"post_type": "question",
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"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Confused about te-form in a sentence",
"view_count": 147
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[
{
"body": "The いってます part of your sentence is the continuous form of the structure ～ていく.\n\nConsider the difference between いて and いって. These are the te-forms of いる and\nいく, respectively. So the いってます part of your sentence\n\n> 徐々にホームシックを克服して **いってます**\n\nis actually ていく with the auxiliary いく itself being used in the te-form. The\nstructure ～ていく refers to an action which has not yet been finished. In this\ncase, the speaker is talking about a process of overcoming which is ongoing.\nImagine it being used in other tenses:\n\n> 克服していく I will overcome (by means of a process). \n> 克服していった I overcame (by means of a process). \n> 克服していっている I am overcoming (still in the process).\n\nBy the way, even if いる and いく did share the exact same te-form, it still would\nnot be correct to say いってます to describe a state. The idea of existence and\nbeing in a state is already conceptually contained within the verb いる. You\ndon't need to put it in the te-form to describe states of being because it\nalready does that job. But a verb like いく does not contain the same sense of\nstate, which is why it needs the auxiliary いる.",
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"creation_date": "2020-02-18T14:18:24.493",
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"body": "I'm struggling with understanding how to parse this sentence into a coherent\nwhole:\n\n> そこは評判重視{ひょうばんじゅうし}で取れるときは取るって感じで.\n\nIn the context of someone discussing the potential pitfall of a business idea,\nam I mistaken I believing \"評判重視\" would be something like \"an emphasis on (the\nbusiness') reputation, and \"取れるときは取るって\" might be \"taking it when you get it\"?\n\nI imagine this is a bit odd for those not familiar with the game, but\nbasically it involves someone remarking on how a character who isn't visible\nto normal people would have trouble running a pet consultation service due to\nthat and getting strays looking for advice. Here's the panel with the line I'm\nstruggling with:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/r7U22.png)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-18T05:52:09.550",
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"owner_user_id": "36902",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning"
],
"title": "評判重視で取れるときは取るって感じで meaning?",
"view_count": 190
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think you understand 評判重視 correctly. This 取る means お客から金を取る(受け取る), so\n取れるときは取る in this context is translated as \"to receive money (as much as\npossible) when we can get it (from customers)\".",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-18T17:42:36.660",
"id": "74479",
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{
"body": "I don't know the context so these are my guess:\n\n「デゼルが相談に乗ってお代は飼い主からいただくってワケ！」＝ Dezel can give advice and the owner would pay\nus!\n\n「野良犬だっているでしょ」＝ There would be some stray dogs (to come for a consultation).\n\n「そこは評判重視で取れる時は取るって感じで！」＝ In that case we're more interested in the reputation\n(we don't care if we can't make money), and will charge when it's possible!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-20T04:10:42.210",
"id": "74503",
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74475
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74503
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74479
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"body": "Does \"ぞ\" make it more masculine-sounding or is it a different dialect?",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2020-02-18T10:29:52.883",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"nuances",
"usage",
"particle-よ",
"particle-ぞ"
],
"title": "Can we use やばいぞ instead of やばいよ?",
"view_count": 301
}
|
[
{
"body": "To me, やばいぞ, which I have already heard, sounds like a reproach or a warning\nan older man would say to a younger person. やばいよ sounds more neutral but I\nwould love a native Japanese speaker’s opinion.\n\nI recommend you look for the topics about ぞ.",
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"creation_date": "2020-02-18T17:03:32.643",
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"body": "The both やばいぞ and やばいよ are not dialect, these expressions are used when one is\ngetting involved in an unfavorable situation.\n\n-ぞ is often used by male and sounds stronger. -よ sounds softer. For example, imagine a gang of thieves trying to steal something. Then one of the gang member noticed that some polices saw them and started to approach, so he warns his company.. In a situation like this, やばいぞ！ would be used better than やばいよ！",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2020-02-20T03:48:02.600",
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74476
| null |
74500
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "74482",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have the impression that if a Japanese uses the term 神様, they refer to an\nomnipotent deity very similar to the Abrahamic god. According to my (very\nlimited) knowledge of Shinto and Buddhism, there is no such equivalent in\nthese beliefs, correct me if I'm wrong! So I was wondering if that term or the\nconnection of the term with the concept emerged with Japan getting in contact\nwith Christianity or if it has a different origin?",
"comment_count": 6,
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"creation_date": "2020-02-18T18:54:32.693",
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"owner_user_id": "25511",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"etymology",
"history",
"religion"
],
"title": "Which god does 神様 actually refer to?",
"view_count": 522
}
|
[
{
"body": "# Term meaning\n\n### In general\n\nAny meaning that refers to any singular omnipotent being is likely from\nChristianity. Japanese culture has been, so far as we can tell, polytheistic,\nsyncretic, and animistic for the entirety of the historical record, and for as\nmuch of prehistory as we can reconstruct from archaeology and other sources.\n*** Anything*** can have a _kami_ , as the inherent force or \"that-ness\" of\nthe thing. As a consequence of this idea, _kami_ are generally not regarded as\nomnipotent.\n\n### Not just one\n\nEven with regard to Christianity, from every Japanese person I've talked to\nabout this, the general attitude is **not** \"the Christian God is the one and\nonly, and I forsake all belief in any other god or spiritual force\", but\nrather, \"okay, I'll cover my bases in case Christianity turns out to be right,\nand try praying to this Christian god _as well_.\"\n\n_(This may explain why the Mormons seem to make such headway in Japan when\nkids on their mission report so many converts. Once the[annual\ntithe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tithing_settlement) rolls around, a lot\nof these new Mormons apparently decide it's a bit too expensive, perhaps\nespecially so when compared to the handfuls of loose change that seem to\nsuffice for the local Shinto shrines.)_\n\nThis \"both / and\" idea, rather than the \"either / or\" dichotomy imposed by the\nAbrahamic religions, is a large part of the modern Japanese approach to\nreligion in the culture at large. After birth, one is blessed at a Shinto\nshrine. Later, one gets married in a Christian church. And at death, one has a\nservice and a memorial at a Buddhist temple. It's quite practical, in its way.\n\n# Term origins\n\n### The pieces\n\nThe Japanese term 神様【かみさま】 consists of two parts: 1) 神【かみ】, referring to a\n\"god\" or \"deity\" or even \"spirit\" in certain contexts, and 2) 様【さま】, an\nhonorific suffix. Both terms have long histories in the Japanese language,\nwith roots tracing back to the very first long-form Japanese texts from the\n700s.\n\n### The whole\n\n~~Digging around in the University of Virginia's online corpus of Japanese\nworks,[a search for the term 神様](http://jti.lib.virginia.edu/etcbin/ot2www-\njapanese?specfile=%2Fweb%2Fdata%2Fjapanese%2Fsearch%2Fjapanese.o2w&lang=en&query=%BF%C0%CD%CD&relate=near&amt=40&query2=&docs=TEI2&auth=&title=&sample=1-100&grouping=work)\nfinds hits in [_The Tale of\nGenji_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Tale_of_Genji) from the early 1000s,\noften considered to be one of the world's first novels.~~\n\n~~⇒ Given that this first quoted use (that I can find in a quick search; older\nones might be out there) pre-dates any Christian influence on Japanese culture\nby roughly 500+ years, we can say pretty definitively that this term 神様【かみさま】\nwas not coined in response to Christianity.~~\n\n**⇑** As Aeon Akechi noted in the comments, I failed to notice that the\n_Genji_ hits at the UVA site were for a modernized version. Searching through\nthe digitized-but-otherwise-mostly-unaltered text [available at\nWikisource](https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%BA%90%E6%B0%8F%E7%89%A9%E8%AA%9E)\nrevealed no instances of 神様【かみさま】 or various alternative spellings.\n\nAfter further research into the specific sense development of 様【さま】, I found\nthat the honorific usage was an extension of an older meaning of \"facing,\ndirection\", used later as a polite form of indirection to indicate a person,\nand from that we got the honorific suffix usage appearing in the 1300s. This\ngradually replaced older 殿【どの】, in turn from regular noun _tono_ \"lord\", which\nsense grew from earlier \"estate, mansion\" to indicate the person living in\nsuch a grand house. This kind of polite indirection gradually shifting to\nhonorific or even pronoun usage is quite common through Japanese history; for\nthat matter, the common term _anata_ as a basic-politeness term for \"you\"\noriginally meant \"that thing or person in that direction way over there\".\n\nIn the oldest texts, the common honorific for _kami_ wasn't a suffix, but\nrather the prefix 御【み】, and we can find lots of ancient examples of\ncombinations like 御神【みかみ】 and 大御神【おおみかみ】. However, we don't find any instances\nof 神殿【かみどの】 where the 殿【どの】 is an honorific -- instead, the _dono_ here still\nhas the \"mansion\" meaning, and _kamidono_ is a rare and now-archaic reading\nfor modern term 神殿【しんでん】, which refers to a shrine.\n\nI can't get a solid date on the first appearance of 神様【かみさま】. I've gone\nthrough what I think are all of the digitally-searchable texts categorized as\n\"middle ages\" (中世, roughly 1100 up through 1600) over at [the Japanese\nWikisource](https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%86%E3%82%B4%E3%83%AA:%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96_\\(%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC\\)),\nand found no instances of any spelling of 神様【かみさま】, even unlikely alternative\nspellings (神様・神状・神方・神さま・神ざま・かみさま・かみざま).\n\n### Tentative (revised) conclusion on the origin of 神様【かみさま】\n\nConsidering the following:\n\n 1. 神様【かみさま】 doesn't appear in any of the \"middle ages\" Japanese works that I've searched\n 2. the existing 御神【みかみ】 honorific reference to _kami_ may have been regarded as archaic, and/or too specific to local belief and likely viewed as \"heathen\" by the Portuguese\n 3. 様【さま】 was likely in common use as an honorific suffix around the time that the Portuguese were actively translating Christian texts into Japanese\n\n... it certainly seems within the realm of possibility that the specific\nconstruction 神様【かみさま】 was coined in relation to Christianity. However, I\ncannot find anything conclusive at this point.\n\n_Note:_ In modern usage, as pointed out in the comments earlier, this term can\nrefer to any god or gods, big or small, of whatever tradition.\n\n* * *\n\nPlease comment if the above does not address your question.",
"comment_count": 6,
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74480
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74482
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{
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"body": "I know the difference between 訪ねる and 訪れる, but I don't understand when 訪問する is\nused.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2020-02-18T18:57:48.963",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"wago-and-kango"
],
"title": "What is the difference between 訪ねる and 訪問する?",
"view_count": 1341
}
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[
{
"body": "I'd say that 訪ねる can be used wider than 訪問する. 訪問する sounds business-like.\n\nEx. トルコを訪ねる and トルコを訪問する the both mean \"to visit Turkey\" but the former sounds\na personal visit, the latter sounds more official.\n\nThese are some examples from Reverso.\n\n訪ねる: 彼は来月おばさんとおじさんを訪ねるつもりです。 私は時々友達の家を訪ねる。 明日彼を訪ねるつもりだ。\nその旅行の目的はおばあちゃんを訪ねることでした。 彼女は京都のおじさんを来週訪ねる予定です。\n\n訪問する: 今夜は他にも訪問する所があってね。 皇后はコペンハーゲンに住む親戚を訪問する予定であった。 私達は明日スミス氏を訪問するつもりです。\nオスマン帝国の秘密軍事施設を訪問すると、… 特定のサイトを訪問すると最後に表示されるページ。",
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"creation_date": "2020-02-20T05:35:21.553",
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"body": "In short, I see the difference between the three as:\n\n * [訪]{たず}ねる: to visit/call on, with the nuance of demonstrating a purpose behind the visit, perhaps going out of your way to do so (e.g. 友人を訪ねる。/ 世界遺産を訪ねる。) Used for places or people.\n\n * [訪]{おとず}れる: to visit/arrive, but with the nuance that there's no purpose/intention behind the visit. It rather objectively describes the fact/state/situation that the visit/arrival is occurring. It is used as a transitive verb (e.g. 友人の新居を訪れる), in which case I believe it is only used towards inanimate things, not people. Comparing to the examples above, 友人を訪れる would therefore not be used, but 世界遺産を訪れる would be fine. It is also used as an intransitive verb for situations or the seasons/time (e.g. チャンスが訪れる。/ 夏が訪れる。).\n\n * [訪問]{ほうもん}する: the same in meaning to 訪ねる, but as it is a kanji compound, it sounds more formal/erudite than the 訪ねる. Perhaps therefore used at work, say, rather than in more casual conversation with friends.\n\nNot a native speaker so happy to take corrections on this!",
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"body": "訪ねるも、訪問するも。意味に違いはありません。 「訪問」は同じ意味の漢字を二つ重ねた漢語です。「訪ねる」は、古来の日本語（和語、大和言葉）です。\n「訪問」は漢語なので、「訪ねる」より改まった（堅苦しい）言い方になります。\n\nThere is no difference in meaning. The word \"訪問\" is a Chinese word made up of\ntwo Chinese characters with the same meaning. The word \"訪ねる\" is an ancient\nJapanese word (Japanese, Yamato language). Since \"訪問\" is a Chinese word, it is\na more formal way of saying \"訪ねる\".",
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"body": "For example the top of these characters: \n今 -> 人 (ひと) \n全 -> 入 (はいる) \n \nOr the side of these: \n明 -> 月 (つき) \n腹 -> 肉 (にく) \n \nAre there more examples like these? \nHow do I know which is which?",
"comment_count": 11,
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"creation_date": "2020-02-18T20:40:31.897",
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"owner_user_id": "36906",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"radicals"
],
"title": "How to tell similar Radicals apart?",
"view_count": 293
}
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[
{
"body": "> Are there more examples like these?\n\nAnother example of a very similar pair is 阝 (おおざと) and 阝 (こざとへん). In this case\nthe shapes are the same and the big difference is basically that the \"hen\" one\nappears on the left and the other one appears on the right of the kanji. Yet\nanother one is 匚 (はこがまえ) and 匸 (かくしがまえ), which are distinguished only by a\nsmall shape difference at the top left.\n\n> How do I know which is which?\n\nThe good news is that the people who make kanji dictionaries are aware of\nthese problems and usually index things so that you can find kanji under\neither one of the radicals. Perhaps a useful test of which kanji dictionary to\nuse would be whether the dictionary guides you through this difficulty.",
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"creation_date": "2020-02-19T00:00:09.993",
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"body": "@Mr.Gumba13 If you haven't already, check out [Kanji Alive's 214 Traditional\nRadicals](https://kanjialive.com/214-traditional-kanji-radicals/) as well as\ntheir [introduction to Kanji](https://kanjialive.com/introduction-to-kanji/).\nAccording to them, Kanji migrated to Japan over hundreds of years (about 800\nyears according to their introduction text) which leaves lots of space for\nmutations in meaning and corresponding representations. What is fun is that\nKanji are relatively logical, a reason I find them interesting, however, they\nare inefficient because, well, it's a complex system to learn. And so is Math,\nbut Kanji and Math do not share discreteness. A \"4\" will always represent a\n\"4\", but each Kanji has a history of origin and propagation, which in turn\nchanges it's meaning, etc. But now, their meaning might be pretty well locked\nin by popular usage and language authorities today.\n\nNot all radical systems are the same, but they are close, and they are a good\nplace to start and to help capture a simple way of categorizing Kanji. But to\nuse a loose analogy, radicals are kinda like syllables, pre-, post-, have\nmeaning but not fully realized. Study and use them, but they will not lead you\nto all the answers.",
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"creation_date": "2020-02-19T17:18:49.853",
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{
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"body": "> ディオ「や・・・殺るか・・・い・・・いや\n> 今はまずいッ！警察を介入させるぐらいなら最初からやっているッ！目的はあくまでこの家の財産！完全犯罪でなくてはならん！」\n\nA short excerpt from the ジョジョの奇妙な冒険 manga. Quick backstory to the\naforementioned quote: Dio, who has been adopted into the Joestar family, has\nbeen targetting their wealth for years and hopes to inherit it upon the death\nof his adoptive father. In order to achieve that, he's been a good son ever\nsince gaining his trust over the years and is now trying to realize his goal\nby poisoning his adoptive father. Jojo, who's actually the real son, has found\nout about Dio's plans and beat him up for it. The quote is what Dio is\nthinking right afterwards.\n\nGoing from what I know about「～くらいなら／～ぐらいなら」(rather B than A), my first\ninstinct would have been to translate it as \"rather than involve the police,\nI'd start from the beginning\", but the やっている is throwing me off. Why is it ている\nand not やる or やりなおす? My other idea for a translation would be \"if I already\nwere to involve the police, I might as well have killed him from the\nbeginning\" which sounds more reasonable to me, but it'd kinda go against what\nI know about「～くらいなら／～ぐらいなら」structurally. I'm also not sure if やる here is the\nsame as 殺る mentioned right before, but since they're so near each other, I\ncould imagine it meaning \"to kill\" here.\n\nCould anybody help me out here?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-18T23:20:37.933",
"favorite_count": 0,
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "～くらいなら／～ぐらいなら・・・",
"view_count": 225
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[
{
"body": "The meaning here is: \n警察の介入も止むを得ないつもりであったなら、最初から殺している\n\nThis is however quite awkward to say, so it can be changed to: \n警察を介入させるつもりであったなら、最初から殺している\n\nAnd then: \n警察を介入させるぐらいなら、最初から殺っている",
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"creation_date": "2020-02-22T10:55:53.123",
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74485
| null |
74555
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "How did 優しさ derived from 優しい? The rule is？",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-19T04:26:15.780",
"favorite_count": 0,
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"i-adjectives",
"suffixes",
"nominalization"
],
"title": "How did 優しさ derived from 優しい? The rule is？",
"view_count": 193
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 優し **さ**\n\nThe suffix (接尾辞)「さ」, attached to the stem (語幹) of i-adjectives and na-\nadjectives, turns them into the noun form, like this:\n\n> i-adjective おおきい \"big\" - stem おおき + suffix さ → おおきさ \"size\" \n> na-adjective にぎやかな \"lively\" - stem にぎやか + suffix さ → にぎやかさ \"liveliness\"\n\nA few more examples:\n\n> i-adjectives: \n> かわいい \"cute\" → かわいさ \"cuteness\" \n> [長]{なが}い \"long\" → 長さ \"length\" \n> [明]{あか}るい \"bright\" → 明るさ \"brightness\"\n>\n> na-adjectives: \n> きれいな \"clean\" → きれいさ \"cleanness\" \n> [華]{はな}やかな \"brilliant\" → 華やかさ \"brilliance\" \n> [便利]{べんり}な \"convenient\" → 便利さ \"convenience\"",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-19T05:26:54.237",
"id": "74490",
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"score": 2
}
] |
74488
| null |
74490
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "74496",
"answer_count": 4,
"body": "while I was searching for と思う I came across a sentence, which is reproduced\nherewith:\n\n> さくらさんは松本さんが止めると思う (Sakura thinks Matsuoto will stop)\n\nHere are my questions:\n\n 1. In this sentence I want to ask, as to why is a transitive verb i.e. 止める is being used with が. As, が is used with only intransitive verbs and 止める is transitive. OR is the sentence wrong?\n 2. Are there any exceptions like this (any link or answer will help)\n\nThanks\n\nEdit:\n\n> Another example 女の子のお母かあさんがはいていたものでした (As in photograph) (履く being\n> transitive)\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/no4YZ.png)",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2020-02-19T12:17:03.490",
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"id": "74492",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-02-19T12:55:11.273",
"last_editor_user_id": "36729",
"owner_user_id": "36729",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"particles",
"particle-が",
"transitivity"
],
"title": "Why this Transitive Verb with が",
"view_count": 628
}
|
[
{
"body": "The difference between transitive verbs and intransitive verbs is in how verbs\nrelate to their objects. It is true that 「が」is used with intransitive verbs,\nbut the problem we're dealing with here is not about verb/object, it's about\nsubject/verb.\n\nWhich is to say, one of the main functions of 「が」is also **to mark the\n_subject_ of a verb**.\n\nSince the first sentence that you cited is lacking context, let's focus on the\nexcerpt from the story.\n\nIn the first sentence, we come to learn that, when the little girl left the\nhouse, she put on some shoes. Since 「履く」is a transitive verb, it requires an\nobject,「靴」, which takes the 「を」particle. But now that 「靴」has been established\nas the object of 「履く」, it's unlikely that we will ever see 「を履く」again in this\npart of the story, which is why I said that this is not an issue of\nverb/object.\n\nIn the next two sentences, we learn that the shoes were essentially useless\nbecause they were too big for her feet. Why? Because, in the last sentence, we\nfind out that they were shoes that her mother had worn long ago. As I said,\n「靴」had already been established as the object of 「履く」, so 「靴」is omitted. (This\nis similar to English, where after the object has been identified, it is\nthereafter referred to as it, them, etc.)\n\nBut, we still needed to know **who** wore the shoes long ago. So now the\nauthor uses 「が」to **mark the subject** , her mother, as the one who used to\nwear them.\n\nApplying this explanation to the first sentence you cited, Sakura thinks that\nMatsumoto will stop doing _something_ , but that something would have been\nestablished in a previous sentence, so now it has been omitted, and 「が」is\nfunctioning to mark Matsumoto as the subject who is stopping/quitting.\n\nSo, in summary, when the object of a transitive verb has already been\nidentified, it can usually be omitted. But if the **subject** who is acting on\nthe object changes, 「が」becomes necessary to identify that subject and it is\nirrelevant whether the verb is transitive, because again, it is no longer a\nverb/object problem, but rather a subject/verb problem.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2020-02-19T16:10:58.433",
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{
"body": "が is a subject-marking particle. In most of the case, が follows the subject\n(there are some exceptions).\n\nは is used to mark the topic of a sentence.\n\n「さくらさんは松本さんが止めると思う」← Since we don't have the context I'm not sure but I think\nin the previous sentences the conversations would have been something like\n\"Who will stop Sakura-san?（誰がさくらさんを止めると思う？）\" Then someone is saying \"I think\nMatsumoto-san will stop Sakura-san.（さくらさんは松本さんが止めると思う。＝ 松本さんがさくらさんを止めると思う。）\".\n\nSo in this case, it could be said that さくらさん is the topic, so は is used, and\n松本さん is the subject so が is used.\n\n * Thank you for the comments, I made some edits.",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-20T04:03:15.180",
"id": "74502",
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"body": "To start, your interpretation of the first sentence, さくらさんは松本さんが止めると思う is\nwrong. I am not a native speaker, but I am certain it means 'I think\nMatsumoto-san will stop Sakura-san'. If this were about what Sakura thinks,\nthe verb would be in the form 思っている, and it would mean either 'Sakura-san\nthinks Matsumoto-san will stop [someone]' (if the reading is とめる), or 'Sakura-\nsan thinks Matsumoto-san will quit [his job, for example]' (if the reading is\nやめる).\n\nAs for the second, why would it _not_ use が? The speaker's mother wore them as\na child. The shoes did not wear her.",
"comment_count": 3,
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"creation_date": "2020-02-20T05:00:00.810",
"id": "74509",
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"body": "が is the subject marker and を is the object marker. If your sentence is\nさくらさんは松本さん **を** 止{と}めると思う, it means that \"I think Sakura will stop\nMatsumoto\".\n\n止める has two readings such as とめる and やめる, If your sentence is\nさくらさんは松本さんが止{と}めると思う, it can be interpreted in two ways. The one is \"I think\nMatsumoto will stop Sakura\" and the other is \"Sakura thinks Matsumoto stop\n(somebody or something)\". を is changed to は in the former sentence , and\n\"somebody or something\" is omitted in the latter sentence. If it is\nさくらさんは松本さんが止{や}めると思う, it normally means only \"Sakura thinks Matsumoto will\ngive up (something)\" because は can't be changed to を. さくらさんを止{や}める is\nunnatural, isn't it?\n\n女の子のお母かあさんがはいていたものでした is translated as \"They were shoes that the girl's mother\nwore\". There isn't any object in this sentence.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-20T05:24:05.293",
"id": "74510",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-02-20T13:36:25.380",
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] |
74492
|
74496
|
74496
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "74528",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/zjuSO.png)\n\nI'm not sure how to parse and translate まってないでつっこまないか. This is from the manga\nwhich I enclose a snippet here for context.\n\nI think 待つ and 突っ込む are involved here but I don't know what's the actual\nmeaning (and the grammatical construction) of this. My best guess is something\nlike \"Don't stand still. Charge the ball!\". Is this close?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-20T04:12:10.763",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74504",
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"owner_user_id": "4295",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"manga"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of まってないでつっこまないか?",
"view_count": 170
}
|
[
{
"body": "～ないか (negative-ない followed by questioning-か) with a falling intonation forms a\nstrong command. See [this\nquestion](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/70628/5010). (As an aside, ～ないか\nwith a rising intonation forms a suggestion/invitation.)\n\n * 突っ込む: \"to charge (to the ball)\"\n * 突っ込まないか: \"Why not charge!\" \"Charge!\"\n\n待ってないで is \"without waiting\". To break down:\n\n * 待つ: \"to wait\"\n * 待っている: \"to be waiting\"; the progressive form of 待つ (te-form of 待つ + いる)\n * 待ってる: \"to be waiting\"; a contraction of 待っている\n * 待ってない: \"not to be waiting\"; a negative form of 待ってる\n * 待ってないで: \"without waiting\"; the te-form of 待ってない\n\n待ってないで on its own indeed can work as a casual request, too (\"(Please) don't\nkeep waiting\"), but given his angry face, this is not a correct\ninterpretation.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-21T03:04:05.903",
"id": "74528",
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] |
74504
|
74528
|
74528
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Both of these words seem to mean \"to shake\". From what I got:\n\n振る is \"higher frequency\" shaking.\n\n揺る is more like a swaying or rocking motion, \"lower frequency\".\n\nIs this correct? An explanation would be great.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-20T04:35:10.470",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74506",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"words",
"nuances",
"verbs",
"word-usage"
],
"title": "What is the difference between 振る and 揺る?",
"view_count": 974
}
|
[
{
"body": "I'll need a native speaker to back me up on this one, but from what I came up\nwith during a brief search, 振る more commonly describes a motion that\noriginates from oneself (and this could include a non-human animal). For\nexample:\n\n牛は尾を振った. The cow switched its tail.\n\n私は首を横に振った. I shook my head.\n\n彼女は銃を振った. She waved her gun.\n\nOn the other hand, 揺る and 揺する seem to have the nuance of one thing causing\nanother thing to shake or sway. For example:\n\nがたがた揺られながら乗っていく. To have a bumpy ride.\n\n彼らの船は波に揺られていた. Their ship was at the mercy of the waves.\n\n藤の花が風に揺られている. The wisteria flowers are being swayed by the wind.\n\n彼は息子の肩をつかんで揺すった. He shook his son by the shoulders.\n\nAnother important distinction is that, although both are transitive verbs, 揺る\nis used significantly more in its passive form, 揺られる。A brief search of sample\nsentences on Weblio containing 「揺られ」yielded over 400 hundred results, whereas\na search for 「揺っ」and 「揺すっ」resulted in less than 30 combined.\n\n**Addendum**\n\nSorry, but in the original post, I meant to discuss the frequency of motion\nyou were asking about. And again, I would need a native speaker to back me up\non this, but it doesn't seem like either verb is restricted to a particular\nfrequency of motion, per se. Which is to say, someone could be waving quickly\nor slowly and it wouldn't alter the usage of 「振る」. Similarly, someone could\nshake or be shaken more or less violently, but it wouldn't alter the usage of\n「揺る/揺する・揺られる」.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-20T10:47:51.043",
"id": "74516",
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},
{
"body": "[揺]{ゆ}る appears in dictionaries, but I'd say it's an old Japanese. As a word\n\"to shake\", [揺]{ゆ}する is common in today's Japanese.\n\nI kind of agree with DD_Owl's opinion \"振る is 'higher frequency' shaking. 揺する\nis more like a swaying or rocking motion, 'lower frequency'.\"\n\n振る has a nuance that you shake something relatively small with one hand (of\ncourse not always), while 揺する has a nuance that you sway something relatively\nbig holding it with both hands.\n\nEx.\n\n> よく振ってからお飲みください。＝ Shake well before drinking.\n>\n> 犬がしっぽを振った。＝ The dog wagged its tale.\n>\n> バットを振る ＝ swing a bat\n>\n> [看護師]{かんごし}は子供たちを[腕]{うで}に[抱]{だ}いて揺する。＝ A nurse takes children in her arms\n> and rocks them.\n>\n> ぶらんこに[座]{すわ}る子供を揺すった。＝ I pushed the child in the swing.\n>\n> ダンサーたちは，音楽のリズムに合わせて体を揺すっている。＝ Dancers sway to the rhythm of music.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-21T17:46:42.793",
"id": "74539",
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] |
74506
| null |
74516
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "74515",
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"body": "I am told that ご連絡します for “I will contact you“ is not more polite than 連絡します\nbut simply wrong because the honorific ご should qualify actions done by the\ninterlocutor, not by myself. To make it polite I must use 謙譲語 and say\n連絡いたしますinstead. This makes perfect sense to me, but wouldn’t it also apply to\nお願いします, where the お is honorific?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-20T05:53:15.853",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74512",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-02-20T17:29:15.493",
"last_editor_user_id": "5229",
"owner_user_id": "36722",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"politeness",
"prefixes"
],
"title": "Implicitly self-referring honorifics",
"view_count": 130
}
|
[
{
"body": "I would say what you were told is partly correct but partly wrong. You should\nuse a 謙譲語 verb いたします in business settings. But you can safely add ご/お to a 連絡\nfrom yourself. Saying ご連絡いたします is perfectly fine.\n\nご/お as a prefix often forms a 尊敬語, but it sometimes forms a mere 美化語, too. ご連絡\nis not a 尊敬語 but a 美化語, and you can safely use 美化語 to refer to things\nbelonging to yourself.\n\nFor example, no one thinks you are paying respect to yourself if you said\nお尻が痛い or お腹が痛い. However you should not say お耳が痛い or お顔が痛い because these are\n尊敬語.\n\nLikewise, saying お願いします is perfectly fine, and it's polite enough when you\nspeak to your colleagues. But you should say お願いいたします when you have to be more\nrespectful.\n\nSee my previous answer for details: [can 美化語{びかご} create implied\nsubjects?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/18723/5010)\n\n**EDIT:** Something like ご連絡を差し上げるのが遅くなり申し訳ありません is also perfectly fine. As\nChocolate's links suggest, お/ご is commonly used in humble expressions, too.\nSee [this chiebukuro\nquestion](https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q109734570),\ntoo.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-20T07:37:32.380",
"id": "74515",
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}
] |
74512
|
74515
|
74515
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "74514",
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"body": "As I understand it, それゆけ is an interjection that might be translated \"Go!\" or\n\"Go get 'em!\"\n\nWhile the second component is clearly 行け, what is the intended sense of それ\nhere?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-20T07:05:30.937",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74513",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-20T07:41:00.900",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "816",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"expressions"
],
"title": "What is the それ in それゆけ?",
"view_count": 671
}
|
[
{
"body": "それ here is an interjection (感動詞). It's like 掛け声.\n\n[デジタル大辞泉](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/%E5%85%B6%E3%82%8C/#jn-131738)\nsays:\n\n> それ【其れ】 \n> ➁［感］人に注意を促すときなどに発する語。そら。ほら。「其れ見なさい」「 **其れ行け** 」\n\nThe pronoun それ (for \"that\") is [それ]{LH}. The interjection それ is [それ]{HL}.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-20T07:35:13.843",
"id": "74514",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-20T07:41:00.900",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-20T07:41:00.900",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "74513",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
74513
|
74514
|
74514
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74518",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have learnt that ように ( _you ni_ ) can modify a verb. And ような ( _you na_ )\nmodifies a noun. (I am not sure that is quite correct or not). Today I came\nacross this sentence in \"NHK easy Japanese\" :\n\n> 物を売る仕事になかなか人が集まらないため、店で働く人が集まる **ように** 、休みを多くしました\n\n 1. Firstly I don't know what it actually means. Does it mean: Because not a lot of people selling goods, many people took holidays by working inside the shops (!?).\n\n 2. 休み【やすみ】 ( _yasumi_ ) is a noun, so why is ように used instead of ような?\n\nThank you very much",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-20T14:42:49.857",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74517",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-20T17:13:21.470",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-20T17:13:21.470",
"last_editor_user_id": "5229",
"owner_user_id": "34140",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "ような (you na) vs ように (you ni) grammar question",
"view_count": 300
}
|
[
{
"body": "It means: Because the job of selling goods does not attract people, (we)\nincreased holidays to attract more people to work in the shops.\n\n店で働く人が集まるように (to attract more people to work in the shops) does not modify 休み,\nbut the verb 多くしました, or the sentence 休みを多くしました. So this does not contradict\nthe rule.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-20T15:07:09.180",
"id": "74518",
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"owner_user_id": "903",
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}
] |
74517
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74518
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74518
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "74527",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I know, that both are honorifics, but I thought that いらっしゃいます is more often\nused when expressing state-of-beeing, aka \"Is Tanaka-sama here?\" and なさる when\nexpressing doing: \"Can someone do it?\".I can vaguely guess that いらっしゃい is more\npolite and can be added with ~te, but I come often to see that in above\nsituation both words can be used.How can I differentiate them between one\nanother?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-20T19:44:18.243",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74519",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-21T03:20:09.780",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36544",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"honorifics"
],
"title": "いらっしゃいます and なさる difference",
"view_count": 254
}
|
[
{
"body": "These are honorific forms of different verbs, and the degree of respect is not\nrelevant.\n\nいらっしゃる is an honorific version of いる, くる and (で)ある/だ.\n\n> * 先生は部屋にいます。 → 先生は部屋にいらっしゃいます。 \n> Sensei is in the room.\n> * 社長は今日ここに来ます。 → 社長は今日ここにいらっしゃいます。 \n> President will come here today.\n> * この方は王女です。 → この方は王女でいらっしゃいます。 \n> This person is a princess. \n> (This cannot be used with inanimate objects. これはリンゴでいらっしゃいます is incorrect.)\n>\n\nなさる is an honorific version of する and やる.\n\n> * どうしますか？ → どうなさいますか？ \n> What would you do?\n> * 社長は今日ここを訪問します。 → 社長は今日ここを訪問なさいます。 \n> President will visit here today.\n>",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-21T02:45:20.790",
"id": "74527",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-21T03:20:09.780",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-21T03:20:09.780",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "74519",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
74519
|
74527
|
74527
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74526",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Im reading a manga called Yotsubato and this phrase occurs when Yotsuba dad is\ntalking to a girl witch is his neighbour.\n\nHe says: 変な奴だって思う子がいたら.\n\nThe meaning is: If you see a girl that makes you think... \"It's a weirdo!\"\n\nSo, my question is, why the use of \"makes you think\", is it only because he is\ntalking to this girl in particular or because of the \"って\" or something ? Im\nreally confused with this phrase.\n\nThanks !",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-20T21:58:25.730",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74520",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-04T02:33:35.267",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-04T02:33:35.267",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "36933",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"relative-clauses",
"ambiguous-relative-clauses"
],
"title": "Question about 変な奴だって思う子がいたら",
"view_count": 269
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 変な奴だって思う子がいたら.\n\nThis is a fragment of text taken out of context. Viewed as it is, it looks\nlike it says \"If there is a child/girl who thinks that (someone) is weird\".\n\n> The meaning is: If you see a girl that makes you think... \"It's a weirdo!\"\n\nThat could be the meaning as well, but it's a fragment of text which you've\ntaken out of context.\n\n> So, my question is, why the use of \"makes you think\", is it only because he\n> is talking to this girl in particular or because of the \"って\" or something ?\n\nIf you're working from a translation into English and trying to work out why\nit was translated that way, the reason is probably that it's not an exactly\nliteral translation of the Japanese.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-20T23:24:34.380",
"id": "74521",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-20T23:24:34.380",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "74520",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "変な奴だって思う子 is **ambiguous** , and grammatically it could mean either of the\nfollowing:\n\n 1. a child who thinks \"he/she is weird\" \n(子 is the subject of 思う, and 変な奴 themself can be an adult)\n\n 2. a child who you think is weird \n(子 is the 変な奴, and the subject of 思う is \"you\", who may be an adult)\n\nPerhaps the first interpretation is straightforward to anyone who knows\nJapanese relative clauses at least a little. But if the given English\ntranslation is correct, the correct interpretation is the latter. (Yotsuba is\nthe most eccentric character in the story, so maybe this 変な奴 is referring to\nYotsuba herself?)\n\nThe second interpretation is possible because the modified noun (子) does not\nhave to be the subject of the preceding verb in Japanese relative clauses.\nPlease read the following questions.\n\n * [Does 考えさせられる小説 make sense?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/61710/5010)\n * [How is the subject of this subclause made clear?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/54666/5010)\n\n\"A girl that makes you think...'It's a weirdo!'\" is not a literal translation,\nbut it's a valid translation that corresponds to the second interpretation\nabove.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-21T02:25:04.937",
"id": "74526",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-21T02:25:04.937",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "74520",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
74520
|
74526
|
74526
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm reading a manga and I can't for the life of me figure out what this phrase\nis supposed to mean; I've never seen it before.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/EhcB0.png)",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-21T00:16:32.223",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74522",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-21T12:35:23.773",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-21T12:35:23.773",
"last_editor_user_id": "26510",
"owner_user_id": "36934",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"pronunciation",
"slang",
"phrase-requests",
"reading-comprehension"
],
"title": "What does しゅごい mean?",
"view_count": 372
}
|
[
{
"body": "This looks like a slurred or lisped version of すごい (\"awesome\").\n\nSlurred or lisped pronunciation is often marked in Japanese by using different\nkana. In the example above, す is swapped out for しゅ. Years ago, my wife had a\nDoCoMo phone that had an animated bear that would appear and say various\nthings in a funny lisped accent, where all the \"s\" sounds were swapped out for\n\"f\" sounds. The bear would say things like げんき でふぉう, or とても ふき でふ！\n\n* * *\n\nPlease comment if the above does not address your question.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-21T00:33:48.453",
"id": "74523",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-21T00:33:48.453",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5229",
"parent_id": "74522",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
74522
| null |
74523
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I know Kanojo can be used to refer to her or also mean girlfriend. I found\nthis sentence and was curious\n\n甲矢もねじれの親友として彼女と想いが通じ合っている様子が描かれていた\n\nIn this sentence, how is it being used and what is it saying exactly? If it's\nused as \"her' does it mean intimacy or not?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-21T04:47:09.370",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74529",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-21T16:53:09.057",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36935",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"adjectives"
],
"title": "How is Kanojo used in this sentence?",
"view_count": 227
}
|
[
{
"body": "Judging from the context you provided, this 彼女 is simply \"she\", and it refers\nto ねじれ. She is clearly described as 甲矢's 親友 (\"close friend\"), so there is no\nromantic indication at least in this sentence.\n\n> 甲矢もねじれの親友として彼女と想いが通じ合っている様子が描かれていた。\n>\n> (very literally) As for Koya, too, as Nejire's close friend, the scene where\n> he had a mutual understanding with her was depicted.\n>\n> → [The manga] also depicted the scene where Nejire and his close friend\n> Nejire have understood each other.",
"comment_count": 14,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-21T06:36:33.077",
"id": "74532",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-21T06:56:57.950",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "74529",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
74529
| null |
74532
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74533",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "How would you add adjectives inside a relative clause to the thing being\nmodified? Is the placement set?\n\nFor example, in this sentence, can \"new\" come directly before computer (1) or\nshould it be within the clause (2) or would even outside the clause be\npreferred (3)?\n\n妹は学校に(3)お母さんが(2)買った(1)パソコンを持ってくる。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-21T06:03:22.207",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74530",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-21T14:25:44.617",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36381",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"adjectives",
"relative-clauses",
"i-adjectives",
"word-order"
],
"title": "Relative Clauses and Adjective Placement",
"view_count": 199
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think (1) is best. (2) is unnatural. If you want to place 新しい at (2), you\nneed to change 新しい to the continuative form of it, which is 新しく, because the\nadjective modifies a verb 買う.\n\nYou can place 新しい or 新しく at (3), but If 新しい is placed at (3), a comma is\nnecessary between 新しい and お母さん because it can mean 新しいお母さん(new mother).",
"comment_count": 10,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-21T08:28:52.643",
"id": "74533",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-21T14:25:44.617",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-21T14:25:44.617",
"last_editor_user_id": "7320",
"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "74530",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
74530
|
74533
|
74533
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74562",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I was reading the newspaper and saw these vertical lines. I'm guessing it's\nsaying that 川上尚志 is in 広州 or something along those lines. But my question is\nwhat are they called and why they are used instead of say the\ninterpunct/中黒（・）or a black dot （●）[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/HNH5Y.jpg)\n\nEDIT: Okay looking at the [electronic\nversion](https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGKKZO55889150Q0A220C2MM8000/) it\nseems that it might just be an equals sign:\n\n> 広州=川上尚志\n\nHowever, I don't see anything on Google about a vertical equal sign 垂直イコール or\nsomething like that, so the naming and usage are still something I'd like to\nknow.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-21T09:58:10.507",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74534",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-22T19:31:26.773",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-21T10:08:14.027",
"last_editor_user_id": "10045",
"owner_user_id": "10045",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"punctuation"
],
"title": "What are these vertical lines called in Japanese?",
"view_count": 4945
}
|
[
{
"body": "This is a double hyphen (＝), rendered vertically because the text is written\nvertically. The mark is called a ダブルハイフン in Japanese.\n\nThe double hyphen in Japanese is typically usually used to separate hyphenated\nnames from other languages (e.g. the name of anthropologist Claude Levi-\nStrauss would be rendered クロード・レヴィ＝ストロース in katakana). From time to time, it\nis used as in the same way as the middle dot ・ (as this entry notes\n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/ダブルハイフン/#jn-138522](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/%E3%83%80%E3%83%96%E3%83%AB%E3%83%8F%E3%82%A4%E3%83%95%E3%83%B3/#jn-138522)).\nIts function therefore is to on some level to simultaneously connect the\nconcepts, but separate the words themselves for readability.\n\nIn any case, here it is being used to connect the concept of the place (広州,\nwhere the person is), to the person's name (川上尚志), as is typical at the\nbeginning of newspaper reporting. I'm not sure here why the choice was the\ndouble hyphen, but it may just be the house style of whatever newspaper you're\nreading?",
"comment_count": 8,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-21T11:45:28.373",
"id": "74536",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-21T11:45:28.373",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33435",
"parent_id": "74534",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
},
{
"body": "The correct name is そうちゅうけい（双柱罫) . It's often called ダブルハイフン or イコールサイン, only\nbecause most ordinary natives wouldn't know its actual name, and it does look\nlike either of them. But technically, it's a different sign with different\nmeaning.\n\n<https://ja.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E6%9F%B1>",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-22T19:31:26.773",
"id": "74562",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-22T19:31:26.773",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36958",
"parent_id": "74534",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
74534
|
74562
|
74536
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> 子供は **やれ肉** がすくないと文句を言っている.\n\nWhat is exactly やれ? Is it kind of a とか or やら？",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-21T11:44:03.813",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74535",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-22T07:27:48.780",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-22T07:23:32.733",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9357",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"interjections"
],
"title": "Meaning/translation of やれ",
"view_count": 526
}
|
[
{
"body": "やれ is a word that is used when you mention about two or more similar things.\nIt has a nuance of complaining about the incident that is occurring.\n\nEx.\n\n> 彼は僕のことを **やれ** ばかだの、 **やれ** のろまだのと言い続けた。 \n> = He kept calling me a fool and a dimwit.\n\nDifference between とか and やら:\n\nThey are also used to list more than two things, but it doesn't necessarily\nhave a complaining nuance.\n\nEx.\n\n> けんそんな人は、家のまわりの[雑用]{ざつよう} **とか** 家の[掃除]{そうじ} **とか** といったつまらなそうな仕事でも進んで行う。 \n> = A humble man is ready to perform menial tasks such as doing chores around\n> home or cleaning the house.\n>\n> バナナ **やら** リンゴ **やら** 、果物をたくさん買った。 \n> = I bought a lot of fruits - bananas, apples, and so on.\n\nIn the case of the question, やれ is used only once, but it suggests the kid's\ncomplaining attitude.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-21T17:39:55.497",
"id": "74538",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-22T07:27:48.780",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-22T07:27:48.780",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "36915",
"parent_id": "74535",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
},
{
"body": "This やれ is basically an old interjection similar to \"O\",\n\"[Lo](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/lo#English)\" or \"Oh my\". See [this\ndictionary\nentry](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/%E3%82%84%E3%82%8C/#jn-223445). As an\nstandalone interjection, it's no longer used in modern conversations. (A\nsimilar interjection, やれやれ, is still common.)\n\nHowever, it's still used in the form of `やれ A だ やれ B だ` or `やれ A だの やれ B だの`\nto list two (or more) things. This expresses A and B may be important to\nsomeone but the speaker has a negative (or at least indifferent) feeling about\nthem. Both [AだBだ](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/15082/5010) and\n[AだのBだの](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/25554/5010) already have a\nsimilar function, and やれ makes it sound stronger. This is a fixed pattern you\nhave to memorize.\n\nYour sentence is atypical in that it has only one やれ, but I feel there is\nstill a list (of complaints). The use of やれ implies the child is trying to\nkeep drawing attention by complaining, and the parent has a negative feeling\nabout it.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-22T04:08:17.403",
"id": "74548",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-22T04:24:25.197",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-22T04:24:25.197",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "74535",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
74535
| null |
74538
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74576",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I know google translate does the bare minimum job of translating a sentence\ninto Japanese. The original sentence was, \"I had to hit my head on the table.\"\nwhich was translated into \"テーブルに頭を打たなければなりませんでした。\" I tried changing the\nposition of the object because it made more sense to me. The translated\nsentence I came up with was, \"頭をテーブルに打たなければなりませんでした。\" Can we use this instead?\n\nAlso, \"打たなければなりませんでした。\" seems a bit confusing. It translates to \"I had to\nhit.\" but doesn't なければ mean \"If not\" and I don't know why \"なりませんでした\" was used.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-21T19:45:10.543",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74543",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-23T23:49:52.687",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-21T22:14:38.333",
"last_editor_user_id": "36823",
"owner_user_id": "36823",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"translation"
],
"title": "Can we change the position of the object?",
"view_count": 168
}
|
[
{
"body": "Actually the meaning of the two Japanese sentences you wrote are the same. In\nsimple sentences like this, the parts with the particle に、を、で are usually\nfreely interchangeable, and do not affect the meaning. The meaning of\nリンゴをカバンに入れました and カバンにリンゴを入れました are exactly the same.\n\nNote that for longer sentences with more complicated structures (for example\nwhen explaining reasons, order of actions, etc), changing the orders may also\nchange the meaning of the sentences.\n\nFor なければなりませんでした please refer to the link provided in Chocolate's comment.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-23T10:48:10.847",
"id": "74576",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-23T23:49:52.687",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-23T23:49:52.687",
"last_editor_user_id": "27774",
"owner_user_id": "27774",
"parent_id": "74543",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
74543
|
74576
|
74576
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "When pronouncing \"sumimasen\" (すみません), sometimes native speakers will elide the\n\"-n\"(ん) and elongate it, sort of like \" _sumimaseee~_ \". This is the same and\nnot a conjugation I would assume?\n\nMight anyone know please if there implications or nuances in this? Is it just\nlike in English one might say \"sorryyyy\" (a bit more informal and slightly\nstressing the recalcitrance, deferring to body language)? Is it just an\naccent/dialect in certain cities? Is it more effeminate? Does this\npronunciation make it less formal or polite? ... or is it just typical\nvariation you might see between how different individual people may say\nthings?\n\nThank you.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-22T02:37:42.797",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74546",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-22T18:18:14.253",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-22T03:02:39.757",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36947",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"nuances",
"pronunciation"
],
"title": "Pronouncing sumimasen (すみません), implications of extending the -se(せ) and eliding the n(ん)",
"view_count": 738
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think ん is still there at the end of the phrase, but it's true that せ is\noften elongated. People do this for several reasons:\n\n * Simply to emphasize the phrase (\"I'm soooo sorry!\").\n * To make someone hear the phrase (\"Hellooooo? Is anyone there?\")\n * To indicate the speaker is not very serious (\"Tch, sorryyyy...\") (often with slangy contractions like すんません or [サーセン](https://jisho.org/word/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BB%E3%83%B3))\n\nIt depends on the tone and the context. I don't think dialects are relevant.\nEither way, this elongation is not standard, and it makes the apology sound\nmore colloquial. In a serious apology in formal settings, you must not\nelongate せ.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-22T03:13:57.687",
"id": "74547",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-22T03:13:57.687",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "74546",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
},
{
"body": "For the reason why it sounds like the \"-n\"(ん) is elided, it is because the\nactual sound that ん makes in Japanese can greatly vary, one of which (known as\nnasal vowels) is notorious for being quite difficult for some non-native\nspeakers to perceive.\n\nIn the word-final position like すみません, two types of sounds are observed:\n\n> 後続音のない「ん」の場合、口蓋垂鼻音 [ɴ] または先行音と同じ調音位置の鼻母音で発音される。\n> [https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ん](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%93)\n\nThat is, せん part can be pronounced as either [se̞ɴ], with a nasal consonant\n[ɴ] marking the ん (easy for many non-native speakers to perceive), or as\n[se̞ẽ̞], with a nasal **vowel** [ẽ̞] markng the ん (quite tricky for some\nnon-native speakers to catch).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-22T18:18:14.253",
"id": "74560",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-22T18:18:14.253",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36955",
"parent_id": "74546",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
74546
| null |
74547
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74551",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "I have a question about Japanese onomatopoeia (擬態語). What is the difference\nbetween サクサク and パリパリ? Are there situations where using one instead of the\nother is incorrect? As I understand it, they both mean “crispy”.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-22T04:31:58.540",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74549",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-23T02:56:20.313",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "14608",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"word-choice",
"usage",
"onomatopoeia"
],
"title": "What’s the difference between サクサク and パリパリ",
"view_count": 307
}
|
[
{
"body": "Just a quick search on cookpad,\n\nThe 1st page of\n[パリパリ](https://cookpad.com/search/%E3%83%91%E3%83%AA%E3%83%91%E3%83%AA) has\n\"Salad with bean sprouts, white radish, cabbage, lettuce\", \"Rice crackers\",\n\"Pizza made of gyoza sheet\", \"Cheese crisps\", etc.\n\nI think the food texture is kind of [crispy and\nhard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crispiness). Its sound might be loud and\nhigh. So it can be audible to others when you eat it.\n\nThe 1st page of menu of\n[サクサク](https://cookpad.com/search/%E3%82%B5%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B5%E3%82%AF) has\n\"Tempura\", \"Scone\", \"Sardine Cheese Puffs\", \"Chocolate Banana Muffin\", \"Butter\ncookies\", etc.\n\nI think the food texture is kind of [crunchy, soft and\nmild](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crunchiness). It does not sound so much\nthat other people might not hear when you eat it.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-22T06:11:04.870",
"id": "74551",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-22T06:11:04.870",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34735",
"parent_id": "74549",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "パリパリ expresses how a flat object would be bent and relatively easily break\nwhile keeping rigidity with collapse of texture, if you did.\n\nサクサク expresses how texture would be easily penetrated or cut with crispy\ntouch, and derivatively, how things go swiftly.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-22T08:32:02.087",
"id": "74554",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-22T08:32:02.087",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "74549",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "パリパリ focuses on crunchiness, dryness or hardness of a food that is typically\nsoft. It's used both positively and negatively. For example, deep-fried\nspaghetti and overcooked French fries are described as パリパリ.\n\nOn the other hand, サクサク is always positive and focuses mainly on \"brittleness\"\nof a food, like that of a biscuit. A food that is サクサク is moderately hard, but\nis easily and quickly broken in the mouth. Outside food contexts, サクサク usually\nrefers to softness or smoothness (e.g., 仕事がサクサク終わった = I finished my job\nsmoothly.)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-23T02:50:27.197",
"id": "74566",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-23T02:56:20.313",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-23T02:56:20.313",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "74549",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
74549
|
74551
|
74566
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have just watched the Japanese \"Shoplifter\" movie and wonder why 万引きmeans\nshoplifting.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-22T05:08:58.063",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74550",
"last_activity_date": "2020-03-23T09:00:42.493",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34140",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"kanji"
],
"title": "万引き etymology. Why does 万引き mean shoplifting",
"view_count": 209
}
|
[
{
"body": "[引く](https://www.edrdg.org/cgi-bin/wwwjdic/wwwjdic?1MDJ%B0%FA%A4%AF) can mean\nto take something, in the sense of \"pluck something\", and 万 is often used to\nmean \"a lot\" in words like [万事【ばんじ】](https://www.edrdg.org/cgi-\nbin/wwwjdic/wwwjdic?1MDJ%CB%FC%BB%F6) (everything) or\n[万屋【よろずや】](https://www.edrdg.org/cgi-bin/wwwjdic/wwwjdic?1MDJ%CB%FC%B2%B0)\n(jack of all trades), so I thought it was a self explanatory word, \"takes\nanything\".\n\nEdit: After seeing the above comment by Yuichi Tam, according to Japanese\nWikipedia my pat explanation is all wrong:\n\n語源\n\n江戸時代から使われている語であり、語源の由来としては、\n\n 1. 商品を間引いて盗む「間引き」が変化して、万引き（万は当て字）になったとする説\n 2. 「間」に「運」の意味もあるためそれぞれを結合し、運を狙って引き抜くという意味で「まんびき」になったとする説\n 3. タイミング（間）を見計らって盗むことから\n 4. 一度やると癖になり万回繰り返すから\n\nといった説があるが、1の説が有力であるとしている。\n\nSo basically it was originally \"[mabiki](https://www.edrdg.org/cgi-\nbin/wwwjdic/wwwjdic?1MDJ%A4%DE%A4%D3%A4%AD)\" (thinning plants) but someone\nused the \"man\" kanji on top of that.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-22T08:24:56.737",
"id": "74553",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-22T08:41:21.667",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-22T08:41:21.667",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "74550",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
74550
| null |
74553
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "Translated as: \"It's completely in the wrong direction!\"\n\n> てんで = Completely / At all\n>\n> 方向【ほうこう】 = direction\n>\n> ちがい = wrong\n>\n> じゃない = is not\n\nI'm struggling with doble negatives in japanese. In my mind I'd translate this\nas: \"Is not the wrong direction at all!\".\n\nFor the intended meaning, I wonder why is not correct to just say: てんで方向ちがいだ！\n\nI'd understand that meaning if the ending was a question, as in:\nてんで方向ちがいじゃないの？ , but this was not the case.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-22T06:40:05.617",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74552",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-22T06:52:12.480",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-22T06:52:12.480",
"last_editor_user_id": "11857",
"owner_user_id": "11857",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"negation"
],
"title": "てんで方向ちがいじゃない！ DB Chapter2 Double negatives",
"view_count": 80
}
|
[] |
74552
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74558",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/7N9WW.png)\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/XQx26.png)\n\nI don't know how to interpret ばかにはええじゃねえか in the manga here. I believe\nばかにはええじゃねえか = ばかにはいいじゃないか but I still can't make sense of this. As the picture\nsuggests, the father says this as some sort of a greeting for the boy who's\njust got back from school. My best effort at translating this is something\nlike \"Aren't you look wonderful!\" (my dictionary says ばかにいい = be mighty nice;\nbe absolutely wonderful). But it's obvious that the boy is dejected, so my\ntranslation can't be right.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-22T12:53:51.347",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74556",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-23T08:53:49.287",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-22T13:49:04.963",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "4295",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"colloquial-language",
"spoken-language"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of バカにはええじゃないか?",
"view_count": 4491
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think it might be \"バカにはやいじゃないか\", where \"はええ\" is a twisted pronunciation of\n\"はやい\". And the sentence means \"(You came back) very early, didn't you\"",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-22T14:07:13.933",
"id": "74558",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-22T14:07:13.933",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "903",
"parent_id": "74556",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
},
{
"body": "ばかにはええ＝ばかに早い、ということです。 「はええ」は、はやいがくずれた（なまった）ものです。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-23T04:56:50.983",
"id": "74570",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-23T04:56:50.983",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36965",
"parent_id": "74556",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "the meaning is similar to いつもより(帰り)はやいじゃないか→oo, you back so(much) earlier than\nusual",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-23T05:29:44.987",
"id": "74572",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-23T06:08:52.820",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-23T06:08:52.820",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36966",
"parent_id": "74556",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
74556
|
74558
|
74558
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The words are from the popular song, \"Paprika\". The sentence, \"帰り道を照らしたのは\n思い出のかげぼうし\" is translated as, \"A shadow of memories lights up the way home.\" I\nwould like to know if this translation is accurate.\n\nAlso, I am a bit confused by the use of \"ぼうし\" since I found that it means\n\"hat\"!",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-22T18:26:04.027",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74561",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-22T21:50:53.217",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36956",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "What does \"ぼうし\" mean in \"帰り道を照らしたのは 思い出のかげぼうし\"",
"view_count": 119
}
|
[
{
"body": "[かげぼうし](https://www.edrdg.org/cgi-\nbin/wwwjdic/wwwjdic?1MDJ%A4%AB%A4%B2%A4%DC%A4%A6%A4%B7) means \"silhouette\",\nparticularly the silhouette of a person according to this dictionary:\n<https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/srch/all/%E5%BD%B1%E6%B3%95%E5%B8%AB/m1u/>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-22T21:50:53.217",
"id": "74563",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-22T21:50:53.217",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "74561",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
74561
| null |
74563
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "I've very often seen both and I use both randomly depending on my small\nexperience.\n\nWhat is the grammar behind that?\n\nFor example:\n\n人生の小さな瞬間\n\nWhy not 人生の小さい瞬間?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-22T22:24:04.663",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74564",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-23T02:06:27.180",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "15674",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "When to use 大きい and 大きな?",
"view_count": 239
}
|
[] |
74564
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "If you had two close seniors or friends that you referred to by last name got\nmarried how would you address them? Would you refer to one as their given\nname, call them both by the shared last name, or something else?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-23T03:08:59.103",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74567",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-23T15:25:14.333",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36962",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 10,
"tags": [
"formality"
],
"title": "How would you refer to a married couple if you were familiar with both prior to marriage?",
"view_count": 1041
}
|
[
{
"body": "IMO, starting to use his/her given name suddenly is usually an inconsiderate\noption. (It's fine during their wedding ceremony, though.) You can just use\n奥さん or 旦那さん if you are in front of them. In uncommon cases where you need to\nrefer to one of them as a third person specifying the family name, you can say\n山田家の奥さん(の方) or something like this. In business settings, you can also use\ntheir full names and titles (e.g., 山田太郎先生 and 山田花子先生) when this is necessary\nto disambiguate.\n\nThat said, from my experience, in many cases I had been using given names,\nnicknames or handles before they married, so I was able to simply keep using\nthem.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-23T04:21:34.667",
"id": "74569",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-23T04:21:34.667",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "74567",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 11
}
] |
74567
| null |
74569
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74571",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I had a list of items to mention during extended 自己紹介 (like during a lunch or\n飲み会). With those whom I also hoped to have friendship-like connection with,\nI'd also mention \"私は次男坊です。\" This allowed me to talk about my siblings which I\nwas happy to do. And, I think it made the native speaker smile or laugh a\nlittle.\n\n\"私は次男坊です。\" said alone, in a self-intro conversation, sounds funny, right? why?\nWould \"私は長男です。\" sound pretentious?\n\nOr, I could I remembering incorrectly. I also used \"次男坊ですから、許してください。\" as a way\nto be self-depricating. In Japanese culture, the 1st born son is king, the\nsecond born is trash, so I would (to be funny) excuse my failures to being\nborn the second son (nothing I could control). Maybe they found that 卑下 funny,\nand there is nothing funny about simply saying \"私は次男坊です\". Or maybe my overall\ninability to speak Japanese funny. I hope you can help me remember.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-23T04:12:31.403",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74568",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-23T05:18:38.410",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4835",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"phrases"
],
"title": "Does saying \"私は次男坊です\" in self-intro sound humorous? why?",
"view_count": 456
}
|
[
{
"body": "You could have said 兄が1人います, which is fairly neutral. Or 私は次男です should have\nbeen better than 私は次男坊です at least a little.\n\n次男坊 is indeed a nuanced word with a certain connotation related to the **old**\nJapanese view about family/business inheritance (see\n[this](https://hinative.com/ja/questions/79666)). However, in ordinary\nbusiness settings in modern Westernized companies, almost no one cares about\none's siblings, and the 長男/次男 distinction you described is not a thing. It\ndoes not work as an explanation of an error even if a joke is intended.\n\nIn your situation, 私は次男坊です is strange even if said by a native speaker, but it\nmight have sounded funnier because it was said by a foreigner. It implies you\nknow a difficult word but have some misunderstanding about it.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-23T05:18:38.410",
"id": "74571",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-23T05:18:38.410",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "74568",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 9
}
] |
74568
|
74571
|
74571
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "When answering a negative question with あまり, it will normally be the positive\n(by japanese rules). For example:\n\nperson A: 彼に来ないで欲しいですか？ \nperson B: あまり\n\nBy literal translation, person A is asking person B, \"Do you want him not to\ncome\". And person B reply when translated to english means \"not really\". In\nother words, person B (somewhat) wants him to come. Since the question is\nnegative and the answer is also negative. This holds when following basic\njapanese rules. But I get the impression that person B あまり might also mean\n\"あまり来ないで欲しい\" which means \"I do NOT want him to come\". The question is, when\none answers a negative question with あまり, does it mean the former \"I WANT him\nto come\" or does it mean the latter \"I do NOT want him to come\"",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-23T06:39:49.623",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74573",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-27T05:15:56.497",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-27T05:15:56.497",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "31222",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"colloquial-language",
"negation",
"polarity-items"
],
"title": "あまり when used to answer a negative question",
"view_count": 250
}
|
[
{
"body": "> person A: 彼に来ないで欲しいですか？ person B: あまり\n>\n> By literal translation, person A is asking person B, \"Do you want him not to\n> come\". And person B reply when translated to english means \"not really\".\n\nYes, that is right. あまり usually goes with negative verbs so the meaning of\nthis dialogue is that person B doesn't want him to come.\n\n> The question is, when one answers a negative question with あまり, does it mean\n> the former \"I WANT him to come\" or does it mean the latter \"I do NOT want\n> him to come\"\n\nIt means the latter.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-23T08:04:35.457",
"id": "74574",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-23T08:04:35.457",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "74573",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "あまり is an adverb to mean a “little” or “not very” with a negative.\n\n来ないで欲しい I don’t want him to come\n\nあまり来ないで欲しい I don’t really want him to come\n\nIt’s softer than a plain negative sentence but is also used in the opposite\nway とても for “very”\n\n寿司を好き I like sushi\n\n寿司をとても好き I really like Sushi\n\n寿司を好きじゃない I don’t like Sushi\n\n寿司をあまり好きじゃない I don’t like sushi very much\n\n寿司を全然好きじゃあない I don’t like sushi at all",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-23T16:27:53.943",
"id": "74579",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-23T16:27:53.943",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "14608",
"parent_id": "74573",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -1
}
] |
74573
| null |
74574
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "74597",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "what does it mean when a sentence ends with ~ばいいのに?\n\nExample sentence: そんなに聞いてほしいなら言えばいいのに\n\nand what does のに mean at the end of sentences?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-23T14:28:20.363",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "74577",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-26T05:49:37.090",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-23T15:52:58.610",
"last_editor_user_id": "36192",
"owner_user_id": "36192",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"expressions"
],
"title": "how to use: ~ばいいのに",
"view_count": 969
}
|
[
{
"body": "> そんなに聞いてほしいなら **言えばいいのに** 。\n\nIt can mean \"If you want to be heard (or, want your story heard, want me to\nlisten to you) so much, **you should just say so. / why don't you just say\nso?** \"\n\n～～ばいいのに can mean \"You should do~~ (but you haven't done so)\" or \"You should\nhave done~~ (but you didn't do so)\" (cf. past tense ～ばよかったのに。)\n\nExample:\n\n> 「君も来ればいいのに。」 \"You should come, too.\"\n\n* * *\n\nAs you may already know, 「～ばいいのに」 can also express the speaker's wish, usually\ncounterfactual. E.g.\n\n> 「上手に英語が話せればいいのに。」 \"I wish I could speak English fluently.\"\n\n* * *\n\nFor more usages of （～ば/たら いい）のに at the end of sentences, please refer to:\n\n * [What does のに mean at the end of this sentence?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/42414/9831)\n * [Expressing a regretful wish](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/35712/9831)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-24T06:21:54.813",
"id": "74597",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-24T06:28:01.447",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-24T06:28:01.447",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "74577",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
},
{
"body": "> そんなに聞いてほしいなら言えばいいのに\n\n\"If you want me to understand, you better say it.\" \n〜いいのに。 expressing the wishes. \nのに also adds feeling of dissatisfaction, sadness or complaint.\n\nFor example:\n\n> 「ごめん、明日仕事でデートに行けなくなった。」「楽しみにしていたのに。」\n>\n> 「今日ご飯外で食べてきた。」「え、電話してくれたらよかったのに。」\n>\n> 「あんなに勉強したのに、試験に落ちてしまった。」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-02-26T04:40:04.643",
"id": "74631",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-26T05:49:37.090",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "36915",
"parent_id": "74577",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
74577
|
74597
|
74597
|
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