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49
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | British colony",
"text": "It also became a center of slavery, with 42% of households holding slaves by 1730, the highest percentage outside Charleston, South Carolina."
}
] |
hUBUhMFUTPqnYD3HRgYE
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | British colony",
"text": "New York grew in importance as a trading port while under British rule in the early 1700s."
},
{
"section_header": "History | British colony",
"text": "It also became a center of slavery, with 42% of households holding slaves by 1730, the highest percentage outside Charleston, South Carolina."
},
{
"section_header": "History | British colony",
"text": "Slavery became integrally tied to New York's economy through the labor of slaves throughout the port, and the banks and shipping tied to the American South."
},
{
"section_header": "History | English rule",
"text": "The English promptly renamed the fledgling city \"New York\" after the Duke of York (the future King James II of England), who was a leader of the Royal Africa Company, which shipped more African slaves to the Americas than any other institution in the history of the Atlantic slave trade."
},
{
"section_header": "History | English rule",
"text": "By 1700, the Lenape population had diminished to 200."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Dutch rule",
"text": "Following the purchase, New Amsterdam grew slowly."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Dutch rule",
"text": "During his tenure, the population of New Netherland grew from 2,000 to 8,000."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Dutch rule",
"text": "In 1639–1640, in an effort to bolster economic growth, the Dutch West India Company relinquished its monopoly over the fur trade, leading to growth in the production and trade of food, timber, tobacco, and slaves (particularly with the Dutch West Indies).In 1647, Peter Stuyvesant began his tenure as the last Director-General of New Netherland."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Modern history",
"text": "New York became the most populous urbanized area in the world in the early-1920s, overtaking London."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy."
}
] |
New York grew in importance as a trading port under Spanish rule in the early 1700s, and became a center of slavery, with 42% of households holding slaves by 1730.
| 0 | 0 |
New York City
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ruth established many MLB batting (and some pitching) records, including career home runs (714),"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nicknamed \"The Bambino\" and \"The Sultan of Swat\", he began his MLB career as a star left-handed pitcher for the Boston Red Sox, but achieved his greatest fame as a slugging outfielder for the New York Yankees."
}
] |
hV1TjrmHndwpCkcZFL8w
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | New York Yankees (1920–1934) | \"Called shot\" and final Yankee years (1929–1934)",
"text": "Despite their past differences, Ruth praised Huggins and described him as a \"great guy\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Boston Red Sox (1914–1919) | Developing star",
"text": "The winning pitcher, Warhop, would in August 1915 conclude a major league career of eight seasons, undistinguished but for being the first major league pitcher to give up a home run to Babe Ruth."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Boston Red Sox (1914–1919) | Developing star",
"text": "Ruth finished the 1915 season 18–8 as a pitcher; as a hitter, he batted .315 and had four home runs."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | New York Yankees (1920–1934) | \"Called shot\" and final Yankee years (1929–1934)",
"text": "Although Ruth performed well, the Yankees were not able to catch the Athletics—Connie Mack had built another great team."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Boston Red Sox (1914–1919) | Emergence as a hitter",
"text": "On September 20, \"Babe Ruth Day\" at Fenway Park, Ruth won the game with a home run in the bottom of the ninth inning, tying Williamson."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Boston Red Sox (1914–1919) | Emergence as a hitter",
"text": "During the 1919 season, Ruth was used as a pitcher in only 17 of his 130 games and compiled an 8–5 record."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Boston Red Sox (1914–1919) | Emergence as a hitter",
"text": "At the time, Ruth was possibly the best left-handed pitcher in baseball, and allowing him to play another position was an experiment that could have backfired."
},
{
"section_header": "Memorial and museum",
"text": "This area was known thereafter as Monument Park."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Similarly, \"Ruthian\" has come to mean in sports, \"colossal, dramatic, prodigious, magnificent; with great power\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Minor league, Baltimore Orioles",
"text": "There are various accounts of how Ruth came to be called \"Babe\", but most center on his being referred to as \"Dunnie's babe\" or a variant."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ruth established many MLB batting (and some pitching) records, including career home runs (714),"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nicknamed \"The Bambino\" and \"The Sultan of Swat\", he began his MLB career as a star left-handed pitcher for the Boston Red Sox, but achieved his greatest fame as a slugging outfielder for the New York Yankees."
}
] |
Babe Ruth was known as a great hitter but he was also a pitcher.
| 0 | 0 |
Babe Ruth
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Cultural influence | Adaptations",
"text": "The 2011 film Impolex by Alex Ross Perry is loosely inspired by Gravity's Rainbow, the title referring to the fictional polymer Imipolex G used to condition Slothrop in the novel."
}
] |
hVCZ2IjmbmmOHCbmH0tE
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Cultural influence | Film",
"text": "Benoit Blanc, a character in the film Knives Out, references Gravity's Rainbow before admitting that he hadn't read it and"
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural influence | Music",
"text": "fruit\". The group TV Girl's song \"Taking What's Not Yours\" references having left Gravity's Rainbow at an ex-girlfriend's apartment."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural influence | Music",
"text": "Canadian experimental rock group Rei dos Leitoes's song \"Silent on the Island\" (2010) incorporates themes from Gravity's Rainbow in its second and fourth Verse passages."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural influence | Adaptations",
"text": "According to Robert Bramkamp's docudrama about the V2 and Gravity's Rainbow, entitled Prüfstand VII, the BBC initiated a project to produce a film adaptation of Gravity's Rainbow between 1994 and 1997."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural influence | Art",
"text": "New York artist Zak Smith created a series of 760 drawings entitled, \"One Picture for Every Page of Thomas Pynchon's Novel Gravity's Rainbow\" (also known by the title \"Pictures of What Happens on Each Page of Thomas Pynchon's Novel Gravity's Rainbow\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural influence | Adaptations",
"text": "The 2011 film Impolex by Alex Ross Perry is loosely inspired by Gravity's Rainbow, the title referring to the fictional polymer Imipolex G used to condition Slothrop in the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural influence | Film",
"text": "Danny Boyle's 1996 crime comedy-drama Trainspotting features a scene in which Mark Renton (portrayed by Ewan McGregor) dives into a toilet - this is a reference to Gravity's Rainbow."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural influence | Music",
"text": "It\" were inspired by Gravity's Rainbow parodies of limericks and poems; Gerald Casale specified: The lyrics were written by me as an imitation of Thomas Pynchon's parodies in his book Gravity's Rainbow."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Gravity's Rainbow is a 1973 novel by American writer Thomas Pynchon."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural influence | Video games",
"text": "He later elaborated: Gravity's Rainbow is a very free book in a certain way."
}
] |
There is a TV series filmed in the 2010s about Gravity's Rainbow.
| 0 | 0 |
Gravity's Rainbow
|
Geography
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Foreign accounts",
"text": "None of the Europeans who visited China or Mongolia in the 13th and 14th centuries, such as Giovanni da Pian del Carpine, William of Rubruck, Marco Polo, Odoric of Pordenone and Giovanni de' Marignolli, mentioned the Great Wall."
}
] |
hVP8UFTiSiTuMSSzoRHH
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Foreign accounts",
"text": "None of the Europeans who visited China or Mongolia in the 13th and 14th centuries, such as Giovanni da Pian del Carpine, William of Rubruck, Marco Polo, Odoric of Pordenone and Giovanni de' Marignolli, mentioned the Great Wall."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Foreign accounts",
"text": "Soon after Europeans reached Ming China by ship in the early 16th century, accounts of the Great Wall started to circulate in Europe, even though no European was to see it for another century."
},
{
"section_header": "Names",
"text": "By the 19th century, \"The Great Wall of China\" had become standard in English and French, although other European languages such as German continue to refer to it as \"the Chinese wall\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Ming era",
"text": "The Great Wall concept was revived again under the Ming in the 14th century, and following the Ming army's defeat by the Oirats in the Battle of Tumu."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Foreign accounts",
"text": "The North African traveler Ibn Battuta, who also visited China during the Yuan dynasty c. 1346, had heard about China's Great Wall, possibly before he had arrived in China."
},
{
"section_header": "Course | Ming Great Wall",
"text": "The sections of the Great Wall around Beijing municipality are especially famous: they were frequently renovated and are regularly visited by tourists today."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Foreign accounts",
"text": "Perhaps the first recorded instance of a European actually entering China via the Great Wall came in 1605, when the Portuguese Jesuit brother Bento de Góis reached the northwestern Jiayu Pass from India."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Foreign accounts",
"text": "Early European accounts were mostly modest and empirical, closely mirroring contemporary Chinese understanding of the Wall, although later they slid into hyperbole, including the erroneous but ubiquitous claim that the Ming Walls were the same ones that were built by the First Emperor in the 3rd century"
},
{
"section_header": "History | Foreign accounts",
"text": "He associated it with the legend of the wall mentioned in the Qur'an, which Dhul-Qarnayn (commonly associated with Alexander the Great) was said to have erected to protect people near the land of the rising sun from the savages of Gog and Magog."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Foreign accounts",
"text": "The travelogues of the later 19th century further enhanced the reputation and the mythology of the Great Wall."
}
] |
Many of the Europeans who visited China or Monglia in the 13th and 14th centuries mentioned the Great Wall.
| 4 | 7 |
Great Wall of China
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Unlike most 1950s romantic dramas, Sayonara deals squarely with racism and prejudice."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The picture tells the story of an American Air Force fighter pilot during the Korean War who falls in love with a famous Japanese dancer."
}
] |
hVdIHkJBbLKeb8pL6FTo
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sayonara is a 1957 American Technicolor drama film starring Marlon Brando in Technirama."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The picture tells the story of an American Air Force fighter pilot during the Korean War who falls in love with a famous Japanese dancer."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Alongside the less successful Japanese War Bride and The Teahouse of the August Moon, Sayonara is considered by some scholars to have increased racial tolerance in the United States by openly discussing interracial marriage."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Ace eventually apologizes, then agrees to be Joe's best man at the wedding."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "The film is also recognized by American Film Institute in these lists: 2002: AFI's 100 Years...100 Passions – Nominated 2005: AFI's 100 Years of Film Scores – Nominated"
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The loss of his friend Joe strengthens Ace's resolve to marry Hana-ogi, and Ace goes to the theater company to find her."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "The film earned $10.5 million in rentals in North America and $5 million overseas."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 100% of critics have given the film a positive review, with a rating average of 7.2/10."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Unlike most 1950s romantic dramas, Sayonara deals squarely with racism and prejudice."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "Sayonara has received widespread critical acclaim, particularly for its writing and cinematography, in addition to the acting ability of its cast."
}
] |
The 1957 film Sayonara was a war epic about best friends surviving the Korean War.
| 0 | 0 |
Sayonara
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Identity | Anthems and mottos",
"text": "It then became the club's official anthem in 1977."
},
{
"section_header": "Identity | Anthems and mottos",
"text": "\"Allez Paris-Saint-Germain!\" was initially a chant sung by PSG supporters during games."
}
] |
hVkaT4wf9MPOGkRDvsxJ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Identity | Anthems and mottos",
"text": "\"Ô Ville Lumière\" (\"Oh City of Light\"), to the tune of \"Flower of Scotland,\" is another veritable club anthem."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Paris Saint-Germain Football Club was founded on 12 August 1970 after the merger of Paris Football Club and Stade Saint-Germain."
},
{
"section_header": "Identity | Anthems and mottos",
"text": "It then became the club's official anthem in 1977."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Paris Saint-Germain Football Club (French pronunciation: [paʁi sɛ̃ ʒɛʁmɛ̃]), commonly referred to as Paris Saint-Germain, Paris SG, or simply Paris or PSG, is a French professional football club based in Paris."
},
{
"section_header": "Supporters",
"text": "Paris Saint-Germain is the most popular football club in France and one of the most widely supported teams in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Grounds | Paris Saint-Germain Training Center",
"text": "Owned and financed by the club, the venue will bring together PSG's male football, handball and judo teams, as well as the football and handball youth academies."
},
{
"section_header": "Ownership and finances",
"text": "Paris Saint-Germain have the fifth-highest revenue in the footballing world with an annual turnover of €636m according to Deloitte, and are the world's eleventh most valuable football club, worth $1.092b according to Forbes."
},
{
"section_header": "Identity | Crest evolution",
"text": "Having to merge and give birth to the club using Stade Saint-Germain's stadium, the PFC crest kept its original design but the name below it changed from \"Paris FC\" to \"Paris Saint-Germain Football Club."
},
{
"section_header": "Friendly tournaments | Tournoi Indoor de Paris-Bercy",
"text": "The Tournoi Indoor de Paris-Bercy was a mid-season indoor football invitational competition hosted by Paris Saint-Germain at the AccorHotels Arena in Paris, France."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "They are also the most popular football club in France and one of the most widely supported teams in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Identity | Anthems and mottos",
"text": "\"Allez Paris-Saint-Germain!\" was initially a chant sung by PSG supporters during games."
}
] |
"Allez Paris-Saint-Germain!" is the anthem for the Paris Saint-Germain Football Club.
| 0 | 2 |
Paris Saint-Germain F.C.
|
Popular Culture
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "During filming, the crew and several cast members objected to cinematographer Michael Seresin and camera operator John Stanier's European style of single-source lighting, which involved the use of incense burners."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "In response, representatives of the Screen Actors Guild (SAG) and the International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees (IATSE) halted the production, and forbade Parker from using smoke on the set."
}
] |
hW0Od79oVPtW7gTZ1rV4
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Fame is a 1980 American teen musical drama film directed by Alan Parker."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development and writing",
"text": "Parker also enlisted his colleague Alan Marshall as a producer."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Music",
"text": "Parker wanted the film to end with a huge musical number that would showcase every character."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "The filmmakers had originally planned to shoot the film at the Performing Arts school, but were denied by the Board of Education over the content of the script."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Parker later hired Steadicam inventor and operator Garrett Brown to film Doris and Ralph's dialogue scene in a New York City Subway station."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "The \"Fame\" musical number was filmed on 46th Street in three days, with eight choreographed routines, 150 student background actors and 50 professional dancers."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "Music composer and actor Albert Hague secured the role of music teacher Mr. Shorofsky, as Parker wanted a veteran musician to play the part."
},
{
"section_header": "Franchise",
"text": "After the series was renewed, The Kids from \"Fame\" produced three additional albums, all of which proved less successful and resulted in the band members parting ways to pursue other projects."
},
{
"section_header": "Soundtrack",
"text": "It features nine songs, all of which appear in various scenes in the film."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath and legacy",
"text": "Fame was the last musical film to be produced by MGM, before the studio merged with United Artists in 1981."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "During filming, the crew and several cast members objected to cinematographer Michael Seresin and camera operator John Stanier's European style of single-source lighting, which involved the use of incense burners."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "In response, representatives of the Screen Actors Guild (SAG) and the International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees (IATSE) halted the production, and forbade Parker from using smoke on the set."
}
] |
The filming staff and some of the actors in the 1980 film, Fame, did not like the way Alan Parker wanted scenes illuminated, and complained until he was denied his ability to utilize vapor produced by burning thing where they were being filmed.
| 2 | 6 |
Fame (1980 film)
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 2006, British librarians ranked the book ahead of the Bible as one \"every adult should read before they die\"."
}
] |
hWCo7Pw1BSmFR4eSPpzT
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Honors",
"text": "\"After remaining at number one throughout the entire five-month-long voting period in 2018, the American public, via PBS's The Great American Read, chose To Kill A Mockingbird as America's Favorite Book."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Honors",
"text": "During the ceremony, the students and audience gave Lee a standing ovation, and the entire graduating class held up copies of To Kill a Mockingbird to honor her."
},
{
"section_header": "Autobiographical elements",
"text": "She and Capote made up and acted out stories they wrote on an old Underwood typewriter that Lee's father gave them."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Honors",
"text": "In his remarks, Bush stated, \"One reason To Kill a Mockingbird succeeded is the wise and kind heart of the author, which comes through on every page ... To Kill a Mockingbird has influenced the character of our country for the better."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Honors",
"text": "On November 5, 2019, BBC News listed To Kill a Mockingbird on its list of the 100 most influential novels."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "The book went through numerous subsequent printings and became widely available through its inclusion in the Book of the Month Club and editions released by Reader's Digest Condensed Books."
},
{
"section_header": "Biographical background and publication",
"text": "but Lee renamed it To Kill a Mockingbird to reflect that the story went beyond a character portrait."
},
{
"section_header": "Biographical background and publication",
"text": "In 1950, Lee moved to New York City, where she worked as a reservation clerk for British Overseas Airways Corporation; there, she began writing a collection of essays and short stories about people in Monroeville."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "The story, told by the six-year-old Jean Louise Finch, takes place during three years (1933–35) of the Great Depression in the fictional \"tired old town\" of Maycomb, Alabama, the seat of Maycomb County."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "To Kill a Mockingbird was Lee's only published book until Go Set a Watchman, an earlier draft of To Kill a Mockingbird, was published on July 14, 2015."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 2006, British librarians ranked the book ahead of the Bible as one \"every adult should read before they die\"."
}
] |
To Kill a Mockingbird has been voted by Brits as a book that people should pick up before they traverse through the entire story of the old and new testament.
| 0 | 0 |
To Kill a Mockingbird
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "According to a survey held in 2016 by Institut Montaigne and Institut français d'opinion publique (IFOP), 51.1% of the total population of France was Christian, 39.6% had no religion (atheism or agnosticism), 5.6% were Muslims, 2.5% were followers of other faiths, and the remaining 0.4% were undecided about their faith."
}
] |
hWPFT6sydzL9hq79rx0B
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Prehistory (before the 6th century BC)",
"text": "The oldest traces of human life in what is now France date from approximately 1.8 million years ago."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "France performs well in international rankings of education, health care, life expectancy, and human development."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "The current Jewish community in France is the largest in Europe and the third-largest in the world after Israel and the United States, ranging between 480,000 and 600,000, about 0.8% of the population as of 2016.Catholicism has been the predominant religion in France for more than a millennium, though it is not as actively practised today as it was."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "According to a survey held in 2016 by Institut Montaigne and Institut français d'opinion publique (IFOP), 51.1% of the total population of France was Christian, 39.6% had no religion (atheism or agnosticism), 5.6% were Muslims, 2.5% were followers of other faiths, and the remaining 0.4% were undecided about their faith."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "France is a secular country in which freedom of religion is a constitutional right."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Prehistory (before the 6th century BC)",
"text": "Over the ensuing millennia, Humans were confronted by a harsh and variable climate, marked by several glacial eras."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early modern period (15th century–1789)",
"text": "France became the most populous country in Europe and had tremendous influence over European politics, economy, and culture."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics",
"text": "France is an outlier among developed countries in general, and European countries in particular, in having a relatively high rate of natural population growth: by birth rates alone, it was responsible for almost all natural population growth in the European Union in 2006."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "French religious policy is based on the concept of laïcité, a strict separation of church and state under which public life is kept completely secular."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Antiquity (6th century BC–5th century AD)",
"text": "This makes it France's oldest city."
}
] |
France is known to have the oldest traces of human life and over 40% of the population has no religion.
| 0 | 0 |
France
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Release | Reception",
"text": "Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that the film has an overall approval rating of 96%, based on 92 reviews, with a weighted average rating of 8.17/10."
}
] |
hWSf7KWaj0L5F1x2JjKk
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Released to cinemas in the United States on June 30, 1995, Apollo 13 received critical acclaim and was nominated for nine Academy Awards, including Best Picture (winning for Best Film Editing and Best Sound)."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Reception",
"text": "Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that the film has an overall approval rating of 96%, based on 92 reviews, with a weighted average rating of 8.17/10."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Home media",
"text": "In 2006, Apollo 13 was released on HD DVD and on April 13, 2010 it was released on Blu-ray as the 15th-anniversary edition on the 40th anniversary of the Apollo 13 accident."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "Kevin Bacon as Apollo 13 backup Command Module"
},
{
"section_header": "Soundtrack",
"text": "The score to Apollo 13 was composed and conducted by James Horner."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The screenplay by William Broyles Jr. and Al Reinert dramatizes the aborted 1970 Apollo 13 lunar mission and is an adaptation of the 1994 book Lost Moon: The Perilous Voyage of Apollo 13 by astronaut Jim Lovell and Jeffrey Kluger."
},
{
"section_header": "Technical and historical accuracy",
"text": "In fact, it was Flight Director Lunney and his Black Team who got Apollo 13 through its most critical period in the hours immediately after the explosion, including the mid-course correction that sent Apollo 13 on a \"free return\" trajectory around the Moon and back to the Earth."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Reception",
"text": "The site's critical consensus reads, \" In recreating the troubled space mission, Apollo 13 pulls no punches"
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Reception",
"text": "\" Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating to reviews from mainstream critics, gave the film an average score of 77 out of 100, based on 22 critics, indicating \"generally favorable reviews\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Preproduction and props",
"text": "The spacecraft interiors were constructed by the Kansas Cosmosphere and Space Center's Space Works, which also restored the Apollo 13 command module."
}
] |
Apollo 13 received a high rating.
| 1 | 3 |
Apollo 13 (film)
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Charles Leo \"Gabby\" Hartnett (December 20, 1900 – December 20, 1972), nicknamed \"Old Tomato Face\", was an American professional baseball player and manager."
}
] |
hWbHeJprBM3tHVrrqH8u
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Homer in the Gloamin'",
"text": "Hartnett came to bat with two out in the bottom of the ninth inning."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Charles Leo \"Gabby\" Hartnett (December 20, 1900 – December 20, 1972), nicknamed \"Old Tomato Face\", was an American professional baseball player and manager."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Homer in the Gloamin'",
"text": "With darkness descending on the lightless Wrigley Field and the score tied at 5 runs apiece, the umpires ruled that the ninth inning would be the last to be played."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "However, the greatest moment of Hartnett's career came with one week left in the 1938 season, when he hit a game-winning home run in the bottom of the ninth inning to put the Cubs in first place."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Hartnett was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1955."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Career prime",
"text": "It was the first of six consecutive All-Star game selections for Hartnett."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Hartnett was an all-around player, performing well both offensively and defensively."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Early life",
"text": "Hartnett was born in Woonsocket, Rhode Island as the eldest of 14 children."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Professional career",
"text": "Hartnett joined the Cubs in 1922, serving as a backup catcher to Bob O'Farrell."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career and retirement",
"text": "Hartnett also served as a color commentator for CBS' Major League Baseball telecasts."
}
] |
Hartnett was referred to as "Old Tomato Face" sometimes in MLB.
| 2 | 5 |
Gabby Hartnett
|
Popular Culture
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Bale was born in Haverfordwest, Pembrokeshire, the son of Jenny (née James), a circus performer, and David Bale, an entrepreneur, commercial pilot and talent manager."
}
] |
hWi9MMjW4RViYBO8wu1O
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "After his mother and sister called the authorities, Bale was held for more than four hours."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Bale's parents divorced in 1991."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Bale has three sisters. His mother is English and his father was born in South Africa, to English parents."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His mother and sister Sharon stayed in Bournemouth, and Bale moved with his father to Los Angeles, California at age seventeen."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "On 22 July 2008, Bale was arrested in London after being accused of assault by his mother, Jenny, and sister, Sharon, at The Dorchester hotel."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Rise to prominence: 1999–2004",
"text": "Captain Corelli's Mandolin was Bale's second time working with John Hurt, after All the Little Animals."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Rise to prominence: 1999–2004",
"text": "The post-apocalyptic action fantasy film, Reign of Fire, was Bale's first action vehicle."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Post-Batman Begins: 2006–2009 | 2008 Terminator Salvation incident",
"text": "Ain't It Cool News website creator Harry Knowles have also publicly defended Bale's actions."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Bale's personal life and personality have been the subject of much public attention, despite his desire to keep a low profile."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Rise to prominence: 1999–2004",
"text": "Bale's first role after American Psycho was in the John Madden adaptation of the best-selling novel Captain Corelli's Mandolin."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Bale was born in Haverfordwest, Pembrokeshire, the son of Jenny (née James), a circus performer, and David Bale, an entrepreneur, commercial pilot and talent manager."
}
] |
Bale's mother was a stewardess.
| 2 | 2 |
Christian Bale
|
History
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal and public life | Family, friends, and extramarital affairs",
"text": "Fidel had another daughter, Francisca Pupo (born 1953), the result of a one-night affair."
}
] |
hYZopdbpnwoitMlOEkHp
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and career | Youth: 1926–1947",
"text": "After the collapse of his first marriage he took his household servant, Lina Ruz González – of Canarian origin – as his mistress and later second wife; together they had seven children, among them Fidel."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal and public life | Family, friends, and extramarital affairs",
"text": "While in power, Castro's two closest male friends were the former Mayor of Havana Pepín Naranjo and his own personal physician, René Vallejo."
},
{
"section_header": "Final years | Death",
"text": "Fidel Castro was cremated on 26 November 2016."
},
{
"section_header": "Premiership | Consolidating leadership: 1959–1960",
"text": "Over 800 houses were constructed every month in the early years of the administration in an effort to cut homelessness, while nurseries and day-care centers were opened for children and other centers"
},
{
"section_header": "Premiership | Cuban Missile Crisis and furthering socialism: 1962–1968",
"text": "In September, the government temporarily permitted emigration for anyone other than males aged between 15 and 26, thereby ridding the government of thousands of critics, most of whom were from upper and middle-class backgrounds."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency | Special Period: 1992–2000",
"text": "Crowds regularly shouted \"Fidel!"
},
{
"section_header": "Cuban Revolution | Imprisonment and 26 July Movement: 1953–1955",
"text": "Fidel liked him, later describing him as \"a more advanced revolutionary than I was\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Premiership | Consolidating leadership: 1959–1960",
"text": "The protesters held up signs that read, \"Mr. Kennedy, Cuba is Not For Sale.\", \"Viva Fidel Castro!\" and \"Down With Yankee Imperialism!\" ."
},
{
"section_header": "Premiership | Economic stagnation and Third World politics: 1969–1974",
"text": "Castro proceeded to Guinea to meet socialist President Sékou Touré, praising him as Africa's greatest leader, and there received the Order of Fidelity to the People."
},
{
"section_header": "Final years | Stepping down: 2006–2008",
"text": "Later that month, Fidel called into Hugo Chávez's radio show Aló Presidente."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal and public life | Family, friends, and extramarital affairs",
"text": "Fidel had another daughter, Francisca Pupo (born 1953), the result of a one-night affair."
}
] |
Fidel Castro only had male children.
| 1 | 1 |
Fidel Castro
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel did not receive any public reviews until 1821."
}
] |
hYvwPotELoXLBNqA4Kfo
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mansfield Park is the third published novel by Jane Austen, first published in 1814 by Thomas Egerton."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel did not receive any public reviews until 1821."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary reception",
"text": "The first critical review in 1821 by Richard Whately was positive."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary reception",
"text": "Although Mansfield Park was initially ignored by reviewers, it was a great success with the public."
},
{
"section_header": "Church and Mansfield Park | Evangelical influence",
"text": "She would have been aware of the profound influence of Wilberforce's widely read Practical Christianity, published in 1797, and its call to a renewed spirituality."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A second edition was published in 1816 by John Murray, still within Austen's lifetime."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary reception",
"text": "The first printing in 1814 sold out within six months."
},
{
"section_header": "Opinions about Fanny Price | Fanny as a 'literary monster'",
"text": "In this interpretation, Fanny has little in common with any other Austen heroine, being closer to the brooding character of Hamlet, or even the monster of Mary Shelley's Frankenstein (published only four years later)."
},
{
"section_header": "Slavery and Mansfield Park",
"text": "In chapter 21, when Sir Thomas returns from his estates in Antigua, Fanny asks him about the slave trade but receives no answer."
},
{
"section_header": "Propriety and morality | Moral dialogue",
"text": "For some time after its publication, she collected readers' reactions to the novel."
}
] |
Mansfield Park is the third published novel by Jane Austen, first published in 1814 by Thomas Egerton that did not receive any public reviews until 1821.
| 0 | 0 |
Mansfield Park
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Enthalpy (listen) is a property of a thermodynamic system, that is a convenient state function preferred in many measurements in chemical, biological, and physical systems at a constant pressure."
}
] |
hZ9pGBVOzHsuPMjwxfn3
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Applications | Enthalpy changes",
"text": "Chemical properties: Enthalpy of reaction, defined as the enthalpy change observed in a constituent of a thermodynamic system when one mole of substance reacts completely."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Enthalpy (listen) is a property of a thermodynamic system, that is a convenient state function preferred in many measurements in chemical, biological, and physical systems at a constant pressure."
},
{
"section_header": "Definition",
"text": "Enthalpy is an extensive property; it is proportional to the size of the system (for homogeneous systems)."
},
{
"section_header": "Applications | Enthalpy changes",
"text": "An enthalpy change describes the change in enthalpy observed in the constituents of a thermodynamic system when undergoing a transformation or chemical reaction."
},
{
"section_header": "Definition",
"text": "As intensive properties, the specific enthalpy h = H/m is referenced to a unit of mass m of the system, and the molar enthalpy"
},
{
"section_header": "Other expressions | Cardinal functions",
"text": "The enthalpy, H(S[p],p,{Ni}), expresses the thermodynamics of a system in the energy representation."
},
{
"section_header": "Applications | Enthalpy changes",
"text": "When used in these recognized terms the qualifier change is usually dropped and the property is simply termed enthalpy of 'process'."
},
{
"section_header": "Applications | Enthalpy changes",
"text": "Enthalpy of formation, defined as the enthalpy change observed in a constituent of a thermodynamic system when one mole of a compound is formed from its elementary antecedents."
},
{
"section_header": "Applications | Enthalpy changes",
"text": "Enthalpy of combustion, defined as the enthalpy change observed in a constituent of a thermodynamic system when one mole of a substance burns completely with oxygen."
},
{
"section_header": "Applications | Enthalpy changes",
"text": "Enthalpy of neutralization, defined as the enthalpy change observed in a constituent of a thermodynamic system when one mole of water is formed when an acid and a base react."
}
] |
Enthalpy is a property of a thermodynamic system.
| 0 | 0 |
Enthalpy
|
Science
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Symbol",
"text": "The conventional symbol for current is I, which originates from the French phrase intensité du courant, (current intensity)."
}
] |
hZlp6HCHjF2fjgzOnv6z
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Symbol",
"text": "The I symbol was used by André-Marie Ampère, after whom the unit of electric current is named, in formulating Ampère's force law (1820)."
},
{
"section_header": "Symbol",
"text": "The conventional symbol for current is I, which originates from the French phrase intensité du courant, (current intensity)."
},
{
"section_header": "Symbol",
"text": "Current intensity is often referred to simply as current."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The ampere (symbol: A) is an SI base unit Electric current is measured using a device called an ammeter."
},
{
"section_header": "Symbol",
"text": "The notation travelled from France to Great Britain, where it became standard, although at least one journal did not change from using C to I until 1896."
},
{
"section_header": "Current density and Ohm's law",
"text": "In SI units, current density (symbol: j) is expressed in the SI base units of amperes per square metre."
},
{
"section_header": "Resistive heating",
"text": "The SI unit of energy was subsequently named the joule and given the symbol J. The commonly known SI unit of power, the watt (symbol: W), is equivalent to one joule per second."
},
{
"section_header": "Current measurement",
"text": "Electric current can be directly measured with a galvanometer, but this method involves breaking the electrical circuit, which is sometimes inconvenient."
},
{
"section_header": "Alternating and direct current",
"text": "In contrast, direct current (DC) is the unidirectional flow of electric charge, or a system in which the movement of electric charge is in one direction only."
},
{
"section_header": "Alternating and direct current",
"text": "Audio and radio signals carried on electrical wires are also examples of alternating current."
}
] |
Electric current is the symbolized by the letter M.
| 0 | 2 |
Electric current
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The 53rd Disney animated feature film"
}
] |
haPxGECYOppdiepeiCja
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": ", it is inspired by Hans Christian Andersen's 1844 fairy tale \"The Snow Queen\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The 53rd Disney animated feature film"
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development | Origins",
"text": "All of Andersen's fairy tales were, instead, told in song and ballet in live-action, like the rest of the film."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development | Origins",
"text": "In March 1940, Walt Disney suggested a co-production to film producer Samuel Goldwyn, where Goldwyn's studio would shoot the live-action sequences of Andersen's life and Disney's studio would animate Andersen's fairy tales."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development | Origins",
"text": "Walt Disney Productions began exploring a possible live action/animation biographical film of author and poet Hans Christian Andersen in late 1937, before the December premiere of its film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, the first feature-length hand-drawn animated film."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | North America",
"text": "In North America, Frozen is the twenty-sixth-highest-grossing film, the third-highest-grossing 2013 film, the fifth-highest-grossing animated film, the highest-grossing 2013 animated film, the twelfth-highest-grossing 3-D film, and the second-highest-grossing Walt Disney Animation Studios film."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | Outside North America",
"text": "Frozen is the ninth-highest-grossing film, the highest-grossing animated film, and the highest-grossing 2013 film."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Music and sound design",
"text": "In February 2013, Christophe Beck was hired to score the film, following his work on Paperman, a Disney animated short film released the year prior to Frozen."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Lawsuit against Phase 4 Films",
"text": "In late December 2013, The Walt Disney Company filed a trademark infringement lawsuit in California federal court against Phase 4 Films, seeking an injunction against the continued distribution of the Canadian film The Legend of Sarila, which had been retitled Frozen Land in the United States and had a logo similar to the Disney film."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Frozen is a 2013 American 3D computer-animated musical fantasy film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures."
}
] |
The 53rd Disney animated feature film , Frozen, is the ninth-highest-grossing film, the highest-grossing animated film, and the highest-grossing 2013 film inspired by Hans Christian Andersen's 1844 fairy tale "The Snow Queen".
| 0 | 0 |
Frozen (2013 film)
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Performance and reception",
"text": "It was considered a successful production at the time."
}
] |
hax37skV8xbTyhI7DO3C
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Performance and reception",
"text": "The Jew of Malta was an immediate success from its first recorded performance at the Rose Theatre in early 1592, when Edward Alleyn played the lead role."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance and reception",
"text": "It was considered a successful production at the time."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | History of Elizabethan antisemitism | Antisemitism in The Jew of Malta",
"text": "A Marxist critique of The Jew of Malta suggests that Marlowe intended to utilize readily available antisemitic feelings in his audience in a way that made the Jews \"incidental\" to the social critique he offered."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | History of Elizabethan antisemitism | Antisemitism in The Jew of Malta",
"text": "The Jew of Malta, given the time of its publication, its main character, and the significance of religion throughout the text, is often referenced in discussions about antisemitism."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | History of Elizabethan antisemitism | Antisemitism in The Jew of Malta",
"text": "Some of the conversation around antisemitism in The Jew of Malta focuses on authorial intent, the question of whether or not Marlowe intended to promote antisemitism in his work, while other critics focus on how the work is perceived, either by its audience at the time or by modern audiences."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Jew of Malta (full title: The Famous Tragedy of the Rich Jew of Malta) is a play by Christopher Marlowe, written in 1589 or 1590."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | History of Elizabethan antisemitism",
"text": "These tropes could also have contributed to the popularity of plays such as Marlowe's The Jew of Malta."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance and reception",
"text": "However, in an anonymous biography of Kean published seventeen years later, it suggests that the success of the production came from Kean's performance and his addition of a song to the role of Barabas, and that the play itself, on its own, was a failure."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | History of Elizabethan antisemitism",
"text": "Jews had been officially banished from England in 1290 with the Edict of Expulsion, nearly 300 years before Marlowe's writing of The Jew of Malta."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | The Merchant of Venice",
"text": "James Shapiro notes that both The Merchant of Venice and The Jew of Malta are works obsessed with the economics of their day, stemming from anxiety around new business practices in the theater, including the bonding of actors to companies."
}
] |
The Jew of Malta was not immediately successful.
| 0 | 0 |
The Jew of Malta
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He is a physician who shuns human patients in favour of animals, with whom he can speak in their own languages."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The animal team includes Polynesia (a parrot), Gub-Gub (a pig), Jip (a dog), Dab-Dab (a goose), Chee-Chee (a monkey), Too-Too (an owl), the Pushmi-pullyu, and a white mouse later named simply \"Whitey\"."
}
] |
hbMwJhvMNt9kWZzHmdfX
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Doctor John Dolittle is the central character of a series of children's books by Hugh Lofting starting with the 1920"
},
{
"section_header": "Inspiration",
"text": "One inspiration for his character appears to be the Scottish surgeon John Hunter."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He is a physician who shuns human patients in favour of animals, with whom he can speak in their own languages."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The stories are set in early Victorian England, where Doctor John Dolittle lives in the fictional English village of Puddleby-on-the-Marsh in the West Country."
},
{
"section_header": "Stories",
"text": "The Story of Doctor Dolittle: Being the History of His Peculiar Life at Home and Astonishing Adventures in Foreign Parts"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Only late in the series, in the 1933 novel Doctor Dolittle's Return, is a very special kind of cat introduced - a Moon Cat, whose kind developed very different traits to Earth-bound cats and altogether stopped being predators."
},
{
"section_header": "Appearances in other languages",
"text": "All the books in the series have been translated into Japanese by Ibuse Masuji and into Lithuanian by Pranas Mašiotas (few decades after appearance of an original)."
},
{
"section_header": "Appearances in other languages",
"text": "Entertainment Ltd Entertainment Ltd A Russian children's novel Doctor Aybolit (Doctor Oh-it-hurts) by Korney Chukovsky (first published in 1924) was loosely based on the stories of Doctor Dolittle."
},
{
"section_header": "Stories",
"text": "\"Doctor Dolittle Meets a Londoner in Paris\" is a short story included in The Flying Carpet, pp. 110–19 (1925), an anthology of children's short stories and poems with illustrations by Cynthia Asquith."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Later on, in the 1925 novel Doctor Dolittle's Zoo, Whitey founds with the doctor's help the Rat and Mouse Club, whose membership eventually reaches some 5000 rats and mice."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The animal team includes Polynesia (a parrot), Gub-Gub (a pig), Jip (a dog), Dab-Dab (a goose), Chee-Chee (a monkey), Too-Too (an owl), the Pushmi-pullyu, and a white mouse later named simply \"Whitey\"."
}
] |
Doctor John Dolittle is the central character of a series of children's books by Hugh Lofting and would be a vet if he were not a physician with a speaking mouse and other fictional characters.
| 0 | 0 |
Doctor Dolittle
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played in Major League Baseball for the New York Yankees for 19 seasons."
}
] |
hcCPSA5H9NP2ViWS7aPi
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dickey was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1954."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Dickey was inducted into the Hall of Fame in 1954."
},
{
"section_header": "New York Yankees",
"text": "After the season, Dickey was honored as the player of the year by the New York chapter of the Baseball Writers' Association of America."
},
{
"section_header": "New York Yankees",
"text": "That year, he was named by The Sporting News to its All-Star Team."
},
{
"section_header": "New York Yankees",
"text": "That year, he hit .310, with 15 home runs and 84 RBI."
},
{
"section_header": "New York Yankees",
"text": "The 1941 season marked Dickey's thirteenth year in which he caught at least 100 games, an MLB record."
},
{
"section_header": "New York Yankees",
"text": "Babe Ruth, Lou Gehrig and Joe DiMaggio, in the late 1930s Dickey posted some of the finest offensive seasons ever by a catcher, hitting over 20 home runs with 100 RBI in four consecutive seasons, from 1936 through 1939."
},
{
"section_header": "New York Yankees",
"text": "Johnny Nee, a scout for the New York Yankees, wired his boss, Ed Barrow, the Yankees' general manager, that the Yankees should claim him."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dickey managed the Yankees as a player-manager in 1946 in his last season as a player."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The ballpark was named after Bill; his brother George; and two famous Arkansas businessmen, Jackson and Witt Stephens."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played in Major League Baseball for the New York Yankees for 19 seasons."
}
] |
Bill Dickey was a 20 year New York Yankees player and was elected in the Hall of Fame in 1954.
| 0 | 0 |
Bill Dickey
|
History
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Casualties",
"text": ", 9,081 wounded, 2,018 missing), losing some 22% of his force in the campaign—men that the Confederacy, with its limited manpower, could not replace."
}
] |
hcWOco2lHs9zA8zP6b6h
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Background | Shakeup in the Army of the Potomac",
"text": "Abraham Lincoln had become convinced that the appropriate objective for his Eastern army was the army of Robert E. Lee, not any geographic features such as a capital city, but he and his generals knew that the most reliable way to bring Lee to a decisive battle was to threaten his capital."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "less than half its size, General Robert E. Lee's Confederate Army of Northern Virginia."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | May 3: Chancellorsville",
"text": "He consulted with Brig. Gen. Robert E. Rodes, the next most senior general in the corps, and Rodes acquiesced in Hill's decision to summon Maj."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Casualties",
"text": "Lee, despite being outnumbered by a ratio of over two to one, won arguably his greatest victory of the war, sometimes described as his \"perfect battle.\" But he paid a terrible price for it, taking more casualties than he had lost in any previous battle, including the Confederate defeat at the Battle of Antietam."
},
{
"section_header": "Opposing forces | Confederate",
"text": "Gen. A.P. Hill, Brig. Gen. Robert E. Rodes, Maj."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | May 1: Hooker passes on opportunity",
"text": "The Union general organized a counterattack that recovered the lost ground."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Casualties",
"text": "The Union lost three generals in the campaign: Maj. Gens."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | May 2: Jackson's flank attack",
"text": "Gens. Robert E. Rodes and Raleigh E. Colston—stretching almost a mile on either side of the turnpike, separated by 200 yards, followed by a partial line with the arriving division of A.P. Hill."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | May 2: Jackson's flank attack",
"text": "When one of his staff officers warned him about the dangerous position, Jackson replied, \"The danger is all over."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Assessment of Hooker",
"text": "he was asked by General Doubleday: 'Hooker, what was the matter with you at Chancellorsville? ... Hooker answered frankly ... 'Doubleday ... For once I lost confidence in Hooker'.\" Sears's research has shown that Bigelow was quoting from a letter written in 1903 by an E. P. Halstead, who was on the staff of Doubleday's I Corps division."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Casualties",
"text": ", 9,081 wounded, 2,018 missing), losing some 22% of his force in the campaign—men that the Confederacy, with its limited manpower, could not replace."
}
] |
General Robert E. Lee lost over one fourth of his army in the Battle of Chancellorsville.
| 0 | 1 |
Battle of Chancellorsville
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "Adolphe Adam was born in Paris, to Jean-Louis Adam (1758–1848), who was a prominent Alsatian composer, as well a professor at the Paris Conservatoire."
}
] |
hdI9oEGJ9Furaep5tDh2
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Adam was a noted teacher, who taught Delibes and other influential composers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Adolphe Charles Adam (French: [adɔlf adɑ̃]; 24 July 1803 – 3 May 1856) was a French composer and music critic."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "Adolphe Adam was born in Paris, to Jean-Louis Adam (1758–1848), who was a prominent Alsatian composer, as well a professor at the Paris Conservatoire."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "Like many other French composers, he made a living largely by playing the organ."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "From 1849 to his death in Paris, he taught composition at the Paris Conservatoire."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "Adam subsequently crafted a melody for the poem that was translated into English by John Sullivan Dwight (1813 - 1893), a Boston music teacher and music journalist, as well as co-founder of The Harvard Music Society."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "Adam was determined, however and studied and composed secretly under the tutelage of his older friend Ferdinand Hérold, a popular composer of the day."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "As a child, Adolphe Adam preferred to improvise music on his own rather than study music seriously and occasionally truanted with writer Eugène Sue who was also something of a dunce in early years."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "He entered the Paris Conservatoire in 1821, where he studied organ and harmonium under the celebrated opera composer François-Adrien Boieldieu."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "When Adam was 17, his father relented and he was permitted to study at the Paris Conservatoire, but only after he promised that he would learn music only as an amusement, not as a career."
}
] |
Adolphe Adam was a French composer and music critic born in Paris, and was a noted teacher, who taught Delibes and other influential composers.
| 0 | 0 |
Adolphe Adam
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ayumi Hamasaki (浜崎あゆみ, Hamasaki Ayumi, born October 2, 1978) is a Japanese singer, songwriter, record producer, actress, model, spokesperson and entrepreneur."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Following an ear infection in 2000, she has suffered worsening hearing loss and gradually became completely deaf in one ear."
}
] |
heQWr4KiaX2oommkdQlZ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Hearing loss",
"text": "her right ear, and had experienced dizziness and nausea."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Following an ear infection in 2000, she has suffered worsening hearing loss and gradually became completely deaf in one ear."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Hearing loss",
"text": "In January 2008, Hamasaki announced on her blog that an inoperable condition, possibly tinnitus or Ménière's disease, had caused complete deafness in her left ear."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Hearing loss",
"text": "On May 20, 2017, she wrote that she is also losing hearing in"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ayumi Hamasaki (浜崎あゆみ, Hamasaki Ayumi, born October 2, 1978) is a Japanese singer, songwriter, record producer, actress, model, spokesperson and entrepreneur."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Hearing loss",
"text": "She had been diagnosed with the condition in 2006 and that the problem dated to 2000, when she developed an ear infection but continued to perform against the advice of doctors."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and music career | 1978–1997: Childhood and early endeavors",
"text": "Eventually, she lost faith in the curriculum, thinking that the subjects taught were of no use to her."
},
{
"section_header": "Image and artistry | Musical style and influence",
"text": "She has employed Western as well as Japanese musicians; among those she has worked with are Above & Beyond, the Lamoureux Orchestra of France, and traditional Chinese music ensemble Princess China Music Orchestra."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and music career | 2000–2002: Duty, compilation releases, I Am... and Rainbow",
"text": "2002 A and Ayumi Hamasaki Stadium Tour 2002 A."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and music career | 2000–2002: Duty, compilation releases, I Am... and Rainbow",
"text": "In support of I Am..., Hamasaki held two tours, Ayumi Hamasaki Arena Tour"
}
] |
Ayumi Hamasaki is a Japanese American musician who also lost hearing in 1 of her ears.
| 0 | 0 |
Ayumi Hamasaki
|
Sports
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Founded on 6 March 1902 as Madrid Football Club, the club has traditionally worn a white home kit since inception."
}
] |
hetAnLPqfhzCbrK4WpR1
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Crests and colours | Colours",
"text": "Real's traditional away colours are all blue or all purple."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Founded on 6 March 1902 as Madrid Football Club, the club has traditionally worn a white home kit since inception."
},
{
"section_header": "Crests and colours | Colours",
"text": "Real Madrid has maintained the white shirt for its home kit throughout the history of the club."
},
{
"section_header": "Crests and colours | Colours",
"text": "English club Leeds United permanently switched their blue shirt for a white one in the 1960s, to emulate the dominant Real Madrid of the era."
},
{
"section_header": "Crests and colours | Crests",
"text": "The first crest had a simple design consisting of a decorative interlacing of the three initials of the club, \"MCF\" for Madrid Club de Fútbol, in dark blue on a white shirt."
},
{
"section_header": "Crests and colours | Colours",
"text": "It was decided that Real Madrid would wear black shorts in an attempt to replicate the English team, but the initiative lasted just one year."
},
{
"section_header": "Crests and colours | Colours",
"text": "On 23 November 1947, in a game against Atlético Madrid at the Metropolitano Stadium, Real Madrid became the first Spanish team to wear numbered shirts."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The team has played its home matches in the 81,044-capacity Santiago Bernabéu Stadium in downtown Madrid since 1947."
},
{
"section_header": "Rivalries | El Derbi madrileño",
"text": "The club's nearest neighbour is Atlético Madrid, a rivalry being shared between fans of both football teams."
},
{
"section_header": "Grounds",
"text": "After moving between grounds, the team moved to the Campo de O'Donnell in 1912, which remained its home ground for 11 years."
}
] |
Madrid Football team wears a navy blue home uniform and a white away uniform.
| 1 | 7 |
Real Madrid C.F.
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Cornelius Vanderbilt (May 27, 1794 – January 4, 1877) was an American business magnate who built his wealth in railroads and shipping."
}
] |
hf9A5OyxL9NE0lMoNv8C
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Although Vanderbilt kept his own businesses running, he became Gibbons's business manager."
},
{
"section_header": "Railroad empire | Grand Central Depot",
"text": "He sank the tracks on 4th Avenue in a cut that later became a tunnel, and 4th Avenue became Park Avenue."
},
{
"section_header": "Railroad empire | Rivalry with Jay Gould and James Fisk",
"text": "Vanderbilt used the leverage of a lawsuit to recover his losses, but he and Gould became public enemies."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "This would make him the second-wealthiest person in United States history, after Standard Oil co-founder John Davison Rockefeller (1839–1937)."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": ", these made them very wealthy by the standards of 1877 and were not subject to inheritance tax.) According to The Wealthy 100 by Michael Klepper and Robert Gunther, Vanderbilt would be worth $143 billion in 2007 United States dollars if his total wealth as a share of the nation's gross domestic product (GDP) in 1877 (the year of his death) were taken and applied in that same proportion in 2007."
},
{
"section_header": "Steamboat entrepreneur",
"text": "Impressed, Vanderbilt became a secret partner with Drew for the next thirty years, so that the two men would have an incentive to avoid competing with each other."
},
{
"section_header": "Railroad empire | New York and Harlem Railroad",
"text": "But he proved himself a good businessman, and eventually became the head of the Staten Island Railway."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He embraced new technologies and new forms of business organization, and used them to compete.... He helped to create the corporate economy that would define the United States into the 21st century.\" As one of the richest Americans in history and wealthiest figures overall, Vanderbilt was the patriarch of the wealthy and influential Vanderbilt family."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "They had 13 children together, with 12 surviving into adulthood: Phebe Jane Vanderbilt (b. 1814) Ethelinda Vanderbilt (b. 1817) Eliza Vanderbilt (b. 1819) William Henry Vanderbilt (1821–1885) Emily Almira Vanderbilt (b. 1823) Sophia Johnson Vanderbilt (b. 1825) Maria Louisa Vanderbilt (b. 1827) Frances Lavinia Vanderbilt (b. 1828) Cornelius Jeremiah Vanderbilt (1830–1882) George Washington Vanderbilt (1832–1836) Mary Alicia Vanderbilt (b. 1834) Catherine Juliette Vanderbilt (b. 1836) George Washington Vanderbilt (b. 1839)In addition to running his ferry"
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "William's eldest son, Cornelius Vanderbilt II, received $5 million in the will, while his three younger sons—William Kissam Vanderbilt, Frederick William Vanderbilt, and George Washington Vanderbilt II—received $2 million apiece."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Cornelius Vanderbilt (May 27, 1794 – January 4, 1877) was an American business magnate who built his wealth in railroads and shipping."
}
] |
Vanderbilt became wealthy from oil.
| 1 | 3 |
Cornelius Vanderbilt
|
Science
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In 1785, the Dutch chemist Martinus van Marum was conducting experiments involving electrical sparking above water when he noticed an unusual smell, which he attributed to the electrical reactions, failing to realize that he had in fact created ozone."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ozone (), or trioxygen, is an inorganic molecule with the chemical formula O3."
}
] |
hfFi6o1l1VT2oSSTfy20
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Ozone in Earth's atmosphere | Ozone layer | Location and production",
"text": "In the second half of the 20th Century the amount of ozone in the stratosphere was discovered to be declining, mostly because of increasing concentrations of chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) and similar chlorinated and brominated organic molecules."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In 1785, the Dutch chemist Martinus van Marum was conducting experiments involving electrical sparking above water when he noticed an unusual smell, which he attributed to the electrical reactions, failing to realize that he had in fact created ozone."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure",
"text": "According to experimental evidence from microwave spectroscopy, ozone is a bent molecule, with C2v symmetry (similar to the water molecule)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The molecule was later proven to have a bent structure and to be diamagnetic."
},
{
"section_header": "Nomenclature",
"text": "By default, these names pay no regard to the radicality of the ozone molecule."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure",
"text": "Ozone is a polar molecule with a dipole moment of 0.53 D."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ozone (), or trioxygen, is an inorganic molecule with the chemical formula O3."
},
{
"section_header": "Ozone in Earth's atmosphere | Ozone layer | Location and production",
"text": "The ozone molecule can then absorb a UV-C photon and dissociate O3 →"
},
{
"section_header": "Spectroscopic properties",
"text": "Ozone is a bent triatomic molecule with three vibrational modes: the symmetric stretch (1103.157"
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Electrolytic",
"text": "Electrolytic ozone generation (EOG) splits water molecules into H2, O2, and O3."
}
] |
The ozone is a molecule that was discovered in 1785 by a Netherland's man.
| 1 | 2 |
Ozone
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Byron Bancroft \"Ban\" Johnson (January 5, 1864 – March 28, 1931) was an American executive in professional baseball who served as the founder and first president of the American League (AL)."
}
] |
hgngp884jSYxIp5tZxlW
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Downfall",
"text": "The Yankees went to court and received an injunction to allow Mays to play, as Johnson had demonstrated throughout the proceedings that his investment in the Cleveland Indians hindered his ability to be impartial."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "He was more responsible for making baseball the national game than anyone in the history of the sport\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Downfall",
"text": "However, in 1926, Johnson criticized Landis for granting Ty Cobb and Tris Speaker an amnesty after evidence surfaced that they had fixed a game in 1919."
},
{
"section_header": "Downfall",
"text": "However, Landis would only accept an appointment as sole Commissioner of Baseball, with unlimited power over the game."
},
{
"section_header": "Formation of the American League",
"text": "their manager Franklin was told right up to Jan. 29, 1901, that \"Buffalo was in the league and not to worry\", Ban Johnson unceremoniously dumped Buffalo and placed the franchise in Boston."
},
{
"section_header": "Downfall",
"text": "Landis banned two New York Giants from the Series for attempting to bribe members of the Philadelphia Phillies late in the season."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Byron Bancroft \"Ban\" Johnson (January 5, 1864 – March 28, 1931) was an American executive in professional baseball who served as the founder and first president of the American League (AL)."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Will Harridge, who succeeded to the AL presidency in 1931, summed up Johnson's legacy: \"He was the most brilliant man the game has ever known."
},
{
"section_header": "Formation of the American League",
"text": "Johnson, however, had a bigger plan—another major league."
},
{
"section_header": "Downfall",
"text": "Landis demanded that the AL choose between him and Johnson."
}
] |
Ban Johnson famously played shortstop in the ball game.
| 0 | 0 |
Ban Johnson
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Semi-pro career",
"text": "They had two children. From 1935 to 1936, Smith pitched for the Bismarck semi-professional team organized by Neil Churchill."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "In 1934, Smith wed Louise Humphrey."
}
] |
hgvj2Z9twM9kt3CujflQ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Hilton Lee Smith (February 27, 1907 – November 18, 1983) was an American right-handed pitcher in Negro league baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Semi-pro career",
"text": "They had two children. From 1935 to 1936, Smith pitched for the Bismarck semi-professional team organized by Neil Churchill."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "In 1934, Smith wed Louise Humphrey."
}
] |
Hilton married and had 2 kids.
| 2 | 5 |
Hilton Smith
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She was also nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for Broadcast News (1987), and the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for The Firm (1993) and again for Thirteen (2003)."
}
] |
hh11aRm3DnULovhERi1X
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Holly Patricia Hunter (born March 20, 1958) is an American actress and producer."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She was also nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for Broadcast News (1987), and the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for The Firm (1993) and again for Thirteen (2003)."
},
{
"section_header": "Stage and film",
"text": "The film was critically acclaimed along with Hunter and her co-stars and earned her nominations for the Academy Award and Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Stage and film",
"text": "Following her second collaboration with Dreyfuss, in Once Around, Hunter garnered critical attention for her work in two 1993 films, resulting in her being nominated for two Academy Awards the same year: Hunter's performance in The Firm won her a nomination as Best Supporting Actress, while her portrayal of a mute Scottish woman entangled in an adulterous affair with Harvey Keitel in Jane Campion's The Piano won her the Best Actress award."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A seven-time Primetime Emmy Award nominee, Hunter won for Roe vs. Wade (1989), and The Positively True Adventures of the Alleged Texas Cheerleader-Murdering Mom (1993)."
},
{
"section_header": "Stage and film",
"text": "For her acting, she received a Golden Globe Award nomination, two Screen Actors Guild Award nominations, and an Emmy Award nomination."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "Hunter is irreligious. In 2016, Hunter was awarded an Honorary Doctorate degree by her alma mater, Carnegie Mellon University."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career",
"text": "She eventually moved to New York City and roomed with fellow actress Frances McDormand."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Piano, she won the Academy Award, BAFTA Award, Golden Globe Award, and Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Stage and film",
"text": "More film and television work followed until 1987, when she earned a starring role in the Coens' Raising Arizona and was nominated for an Academy Award for her performance in Broadcast News, after which Hunter became a critically acclaimed star."
}
] |
Holly Hunter was a multi time nominated actress.
| 0 | 0 |
Holly Hunter
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In Greek and Latin accounts, Chandragupta is referred as Sandrokottos or Androcottus."
}
] |
hj7nCfUlIuAIZyB71oKw
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Chandragupta Maurya (reign: 321–297 BCE) was the founder of the Maurya Empire in ancient India."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In Greek and Latin accounts, Chandragupta is referred as Sandrokottos or Androcottus."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Conquest of the Nanda empire",
"text": "With the defeat of Nanda, Chandragupta Maurya founded the Maurya Empire in ancient India."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Chandragupta Maurya was a pivotal figure in the history of India."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | In popular culture",
"text": "In 2018, a television series called Chandragupta Maurya portrays the life of Chandragupta Maurya."
},
{
"section_header": "Succession, renunciation, and death",
"text": "He led a group of Jain monks to south India, where Chandragupta Maurya joined him as a monk after abdicated his kingdom to his son Bindusara."
},
{
"section_header": "Succession, renunciation, and death",
"text": "Long states scholars attribute the disintegration of the Maurya empire to the times and actions of Samprati Chandragupta – the grandson of Ashoka and great-great-grandson of Chandragupta Maurya."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Southern conquest",
"text": "However, the poems dated between 1st-century BCE to 5th-century CE do not mention Chandragupta Maurya by name, and some of them could be referring to a different Moriya dynasty in the Deccan region in the 5th century CE."
},
{
"section_header": "Empire",
"text": "Maurya with his counsellor Chanakya together built one of the largest empires ever on the Indian subcontinent."
},
{
"section_header": "Succession, renunciation, and death",
"text": "In accordance with the Digambara tradition, the hill on which Chandragupta is stated to have performed asceticism is now known as Chandragiri hill, and Digambaras believe that Chandragupta Maurya erected an ancient temple that now survives as the Chandragupta basadi."
}
] |
Chandragupta Maurya was the founder of the Maurya Empire in ancient India, and is referred as Sandrokottos or Androcottus.
| 0 | 0 |
Chandragupta Maurya
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Military career",
"text": "From 28 April 1952, when he was called up to do his national service until 1954, he served in the British Army's Royal Fusiliers, first at the British Army of the Rhine Headquarters in Iserlohn, West Germany and then on active service during the Korean War."
}
] |
hjMdTwx7eAqSRfEVF0AI
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sir Michael Caine (born Maurice Joseph Micklewhite Jr.; 14 March 1933) is an English actor, producer, and author."
},
{
"section_header": "Military career",
"text": "From 28 April 1952, when he was called up to do his national service until 1954, he served in the British Army's Royal Fusiliers, first at the British Army of the Rhine Headquarters in Iserlohn, West Germany and then on active service during the Korean War."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | 1970s",
"text": "I don't particularly care to throw the ball to an actor and let him improvise, but with Michael it's different."
},
{
"section_header": "Popular culture",
"text": "This is my Michael Caine impression."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | 1970s",
"text": "The Times applauded the \"lovely double act of Caine and Connery, clowning to their doom\", while Huston paid tribute to Caine's improvisation as an actor: \"Michael is one of the most intelligent men among the artists I've known."
},
{
"section_header": "Popular culture",
"text": "And there was me saying, 'My name is Michael Caine."
},
{
"section_header": "Popular culture",
"text": "Hello. My name is Michael Caine."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His father, Maurice Joseph Micklewhite Sr. (20 February 1899, St Olave, Bermondsey, London –1956, Lambeth, London), was a fish market porter of English and Irish heritage, while his English mother, Ellen Frances Marie Burchell (1900, Southwick, London –1989, London), was a cook and charwoman."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | 1950s",
"text": "When his career took him to London in 1954 after his provincial apprenticeship, his agent informed him that there was already a Michael White performing as an actor in London and that he had to come up with a new name immediately."
},
{
"section_header": "Popular culture",
"text": "In an interview with Michael Parkinson in 2007, Caine commented on the impersonations of his voice, \"I can do it. '"
}
] |
English actor Michael Caine was in the Korean War.
| 0 | 0 |
Michael Caine
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Manuscripts",
"text": "Since Shankara's time, the \"700 verses\" has been the standard benchmark for the critical edition of the Bhagavad Gita."
}
] |
hjQp3Q38V9Zv3NqD0YZg
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Largest copy",
"text": "It weighs 800 kg and measures over 2.8 metres."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Adaptations",
"text": "The movie, however, uses the plot but glosses over the teachings unlike the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Content | Chapters | Chapter 8 (28 verses)",
"text": "This chapter contains eschatology of the Bhagavad Gita."
},
{
"section_header": "Manuscripts",
"text": "Since Shankara's time, the \"700 verses\" has been the standard benchmark for the critical edition of the Bhagavad Gita."
},
{
"section_header": "Content | Chapters | Chapter 1 (46 verses)",
"text": "The Bhagavad Gita opens by setting the stage of the Kurukshetra battlefield."
},
{
"section_header": "Content | Chapters | Chapter 2 (72 verses)",
"text": "This chapter is an overview for the remaining sixteen chapters of the Bhagavad Gita."
},
{
"section_header": "Translations | The Gita in other languages",
"text": "Paramahansa Yogananda's commentary on the Bhagavad Gita called God Talks with Arjuna: The Bhagavad Gita has been translated into Spanish, German, Thai and Hindi so far."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Dharma",
"text": "Few verses in the Bhagavad Gita deal with dharma, according to the Indologist Paul Hacker, but the theme of dharma is important in it."
},
{
"section_header": "Nomenclature",
"text": "The Gita in the title of the Bhagavad Gita means \"song\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Praise and popularity",
"text": "Oppenheimer later recalled that, while witnessing the explosion of the Trinity nuclear test, he thought of verses from the Bhagavad Gita (XI,12): दिवि सूर्यसहस्रस्य भवेद्युगपदुत्थिता"
}
] |
The Bhagavad Gita has over 600 verses.
| 0 | 0 |
Bhagavadgita
|
Literature
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The book was banned in India as hate speech directed toward a specific religious group."
}
] |
hjVPh5FFI2HTee5cUkG1
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The book was banned in India as hate speech directed toward a specific religious group."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversy",
"text": "As the controversy spread, the importing of the book was banned in India and it was burned in demonstrations in the United Kingdom."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversy",
"text": "Pakistan banned the book in November 1988."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "At the beginning of the novel, both are trapped in a hijacked plane flying from India to Britain."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Chamcha, who has found not only forgiveness from Farishta but also reconciliation with his estranged father and his own Indian identity, decides to remain in India."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Both return to India. Farishta throws Allie off a high rise in another outbreak of jealousy and then commits suicide."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversy | Fatwa",
"text": "British Labour MP Keith Vaz led a march through Leicester shortly after he was elected in 1989 calling for the book to be banned, while the Conservative politician Norman Tebbit, the party's former chairman, called Rushdie an \"outstanding villain\" whose \"public life has been a record of despicable acts of betrayal of his upbringing, religion, adopted home and nationality\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary criticism and analysis",
"text": "The book is seen as \"fundamentally a study in alienation.\"Muhammd"
},
{
"section_header": "Literary criticism and analysis",
"text": "Overall, the book received favourable reviews from literary critics."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary criticism and analysis",
"text": "Within the book he referenced everything from mythology to \"one-liners invoking recent popular culture\"."
}
] |
The book was banned in India.
| 1 | 6 |
The Satanic Verses
|
Geography
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The archaeological site is located in Tinúm Municipality, Yucatán State, Mexico."
}
] |
hju9yXqkI4zXHIrS2gi7
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Site description",
"text": "The site must be imagined as a colorful one, not like it is today."
},
{
"section_header": "Site description",
"text": "The site contains many fine stone buildings in various states of preservation, and many have been restored."
},
{
"section_header": "Site description",
"text": "Archaeologists have identified over 80 sacbeob criss-crossing the site, and extending in all directions from the city."
},
{
"section_header": "Site description",
"text": "Chichen Itza was one of the largest Maya cities, with the relatively densely clustered architecture of the site core covering an area of at least 5 square kilometres (1.9 sq mi)."
},
{
"section_header": "Site description | Architectural styles",
"text": "Those structures with sculpted hieroglyphic script are concentrated in certain areas of the site, with the most important being the Las Monjas group."
},
{
"section_header": "Site description | Architectural groups | Other structures",
"text": "Chichen Itza also has a variety of other structures densely packed in the ceremonial center of about 5 square kilometres (1.9 sq mi) and several outlying subsidiary sites."
},
{
"section_header": "Site description | Architectural groups | Old Chichen",
"text": "Old Chichen (or Chichén Viejo in Spanish) is the name given to a group of structures to the south of the central site, where most of the Puuc-style architecture of the city is concentrated."
},
{
"section_header": "Tourism",
"text": "Chichen Itza, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is the second-most visited of Mexico's archaeological sites."
},
{
"section_header": "Site description",
"text": "Smaller scale residential architecture extends for an unknown distance beyond this."
},
{
"section_header": "Site description",
"text": "The city was built upon broken terrain, which was artificially levelled in order to build the major architectural groups, with the greatest effort being expended in the levelling of the areas for the Castillo pyramid, and the Las Monjas, Osario and Main Southwest groups."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The archaeological site is located in Tinúm Municipality, Yucatán State, Mexico."
}
] |
The site is situated in Peru.
| 2 | 6 |
Chichen Itza
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Distillation in food processing | Distilled beverages",
"text": "Components other than ethanol, including water, esters, and other alcohols, are collected in the condensate, which account for the flavor of the beverage."
},
{
"section_header": "Distillation in food processing | Distilled beverages",
"text": "Some of these beverages are then stored in barrels or other containers to acquire more flavor compounds and characteristic flavors."
}
] |
hkLTcPKO1nwfkkCIMmRK
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Laboratory scale distillation | Other types",
"text": "Catalytic distillation is the process by which the reactants are catalyzed while being distilled to continuously separate the products from the reactants."
},
{
"section_header": "Laboratory scale distillation | Air-sensitive vacuum distillation",
"text": "Some compounds have high boiling points as well as being air sensitive."
},
{
"section_header": "Laboratory scale distillation | Steam distillation",
"text": "Steam distillation of various aromatic herbs and flowers can result in two products; an essential oil as well as a watery herbal distillate."
},
{
"section_header": "Applications of distillation",
"text": "This results in a more detailed control of the separation process."
},
{
"section_header": "Laboratory scale distillation | Other types",
"text": "This process is one of the simplest unit operations, being equivalent to a distillation with only one equilibrium stage."
},
{
"section_header": "Idealized distillation model | Batch or differential distillation",
"text": "This results in a slowly changing ratio of A : B in the distillate."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Small pot stills are also sold for use in the domestic production of flower water or essential oils."
},
{
"section_header": "Laboratory scale distillation | Air-sensitive vacuum distillation",
"text": "To do this a \"cow\" or \"pig\" adaptor can be added to the end of the condenser, or for better results or for very air sensitive compounds a Perkin triangle apparatus can be used."
},
{
"section_header": "Idealized distillation model | Batch or differential distillation",
"text": "The result is that the ratio in the liquid mixture is changing, becoming richer in component"
},
{
"section_header": "Azeotropic distillation | Breaking an azeotrope with unidirectional pressure manipulation",
"text": "Under negative pressure, power for a vacuum source is needed and the reduced boiling points of the distillates requires that the condenser be run cooler to prevent distillate vapors being lost to the vacuum source."
},
{
"section_header": "Distillation in food processing | Distilled beverages",
"text": "Components other than ethanol, including water, esters, and other alcohols, are collected in the condensate, which account for the flavor of the beverage."
},
{
"section_header": "Distillation in food processing | Distilled beverages",
"text": "Some of these beverages are then stored in barrels or other containers to acquire more flavor compounds and characteristic flavors."
}
] |
The condensate that results after distillation when drink products are created must be discarded before the result can be sold.
| 0 | 0 |
Distillation
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Dictatorship and assassination | Aftermath of the assassination",
"text": "To his surprise and chagrin, Caesar had named his grandnephew Gaius Octavius his sole heir (hence the name Octavian), bequeathing him the immensely potent Caesar name and making him one of the wealthiest citizens in the Republic."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Rumors of passive homosexuality",
"text": "Mark Antony charged that Octavian had earned his adoption by Caesar through sexual favors."
}
] |
hkZ3OIZYZzJElFD4O1Db
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Dictatorship and assassination | Dictatorship",
"text": "Thus, the Julian calendar opened on 1 January 45 BC."
},
{
"section_header": "Consulship and military campaigns | Civil war",
"text": "Caesar continued his relationship with Cleopatra throughout his last marriage—in Roman eyes, this did not constitute adultery—and probably fathered a son called Caesarion."
},
{
"section_header": "Dictatorship and assassination | Dictatorship | Political reforms",
"text": "After he had first marched on Rome in 49 BC, he forcibly opened the treasury, although a tribune had the seal placed on it."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career",
"text": "Even so, to avoid becoming a private citizen and thus open to prosecution for his debts, Caesar left for his province before his praetorship had ended."
},
{
"section_header": "Dictatorship and assassination | Aftermath of the assassination",
"text": "To his surprise and chagrin, Caesar had named his grandnephew Gaius Octavius his sole heir (hence the name Octavian), bequeathing him the immensely potent Caesar name and making him one of the wealthiest citizens in the Republic."
},
{
"section_header": "Dictatorship and assassination",
"text": "On Caesar's return to Italy in September 45 BC, he filed his will, naming his grandnephew Gaius Octavius (Octavian, later known as Augustus Caesar) as his principal heir, leaving his vast estate and property including his name."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Rumors of passive homosexuality",
"text": "Mark Antony charged that Octavian had earned his adoption by Caesar through sexual favors."
}
] |
Ceaser had an open relationship with his Grandnephew.
| 3 | 4 |
Julius Caesar
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Act II",
"text": "Rolf enters with a telegram that offers the Captain a commission in the German Navy, and Liesl is upset to discover that Rolf is now a committed Nazi."
}
] |
hkZYR8CQGEbqmGBuzbDf
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Act II",
"text": "The Captain and Maria return early from their honeymoon before the Festival."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Act I",
"text": "Alone with Maria, he asks her to stay, thanking her for bringing music back into his house."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Act II",
"text": "Rolf comes upon them and calls his lieutenant, but after seeing Liesl he changes his mind and tells him they aren't there."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical numbers",
"text": "NotesThe musical numbers listed appeared in the original production unless otherwise noted."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Sound of Music is a musical with music by Richard Rodgers, lyrics by Oscar Hammerstein II, and a book by Howard Lindsay and Russel Crouse."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Act I",
"text": "One of the postulants, Maria Rainer, is on the nearby mountainside, regretting leaving the beautiful hills (\"The Sound of Music\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "\" The New York World-Telegram and Sun pronounced The Sound of Music \"the loveliest musical imaginable."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Act II",
"text": "Rolf enters with a telegram that offers the Captain a commission in the German Navy, and Liesl is upset to discover that Rolf is now a committed Nazi."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical numbers",
"text": "Although many people believe that \"Edelweiss\" is a traditional Austrian song, it was written for the musical and did not become known in Austria until after the film's success."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "would-be fiancée Rolf Gruber, the 17-year-old Nazi delivery boy who is in love with Liesl"
}
] |
In the musical The Sound of Music, the father and Maria come back early from their honeymoon to find that Rolf has been executed by the Nazis.
| 0 | 0 |
The Sound of Music
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The play, though not a commercial success in its time, survives as Molière's best known work today."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Because both Tartuffe and Don Juan, two of Molière's previous plays, had already been banned by the French government, Molière may have subdued his actual ideas to make his play more socially acceptable."
}
] |
hl20IudtJWFLMkl2b4Z6
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The School for Lies by David Ives (2011) was described by the New York Times as a \"freewheeling rewrite of The Misanthrope\".."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Robert Cohen's 2006 translation into heroic couplets was praised by the Los Angeles Times as \"highly entertaining... with a contemporary flavor full of colloquial yet literate pungency.\" Professor Cohen's version has been popular in productions staged by his former students, and it is the version staged by Keith Fowler in 2011 for UC Irvine's celebration of Cohen's fifty years at the university."
},
{
"section_header": "Stage productions",
"text": "Brian Bedford was originally slated to direct and perform as Oronte, but was forced to step down due to illness, so the production was directed instead by David Grindley."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Another adaptation by Roger McGough was premiered by the English Touring Theatre at the Liverpool Playhouse in February 2013 prior to a national tour – this adaptation is largely in verse, but has Alceste speaking in prose."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Oronte An outgoing, seemingly confident man who also loves Célimène for a time."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Alceste The protagonist and \"misanthrope\" of the title."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The play, though not a commercial success in its time, survives as Molière's best known work today."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Molière has received much criticism for The Misanthrope."
},
{
"section_header": "Stage productions",
"text": "The Misanthrope was first performed at the Stratford Festival in 1981."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Misanthrope, or the Cantankerous Lover (French: Le Misanthrope ou l'Atrabilaire amoureux; French pronunciation: [lə mizɑ̃tʁɔp u latʁabilɛːʁ amuʁø]) is a 17th-century comedy of manners in verse written by Molière."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Because both Tartuffe and Don Juan, two of Molière's previous plays, had already been banned by the French government, Molière may have subdued his actual ideas to make his play more socially acceptable."
}
] |
The Misanthrope was largely popular with the common people in its time due to it mocking the aristocracy.
| 0 | 0 |
The Misanthrope
|
Sports
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Negro National League and East-West League",
"text": "Bell joined the St. Louis Stars of the Negro National League (NNL) as a pitcher in 1922."
}
] |
hlRSMfMLemIFeP1xzW6S
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "After Bell's playing and managing days were over, Bell lived in an old red-brick apartment in St. Louis."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Return to the United States",
"text": "The catcher, Roy Partee of the Boston Red Sox, ran to third to cover the bag and an anticipated return throw from first."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Negro National League and East-West League",
"text": "Bell joined the St. Louis Stars of the Negro National League (NNL) as a pitcher in 1922."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "The St. Louis Cardinals have recognized Bell's contributions by erecting a bronze statue of him outside Busch Stadium along with other Hall of Fame St. Louis baseball stars, including Stan Musial, Lou Brock and Bob Gibson."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Negro National League and East-West League",
"text": "While with the Stars, he played alongside close friend and shortstop Willie Wells and first baseman Mule Suttles."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "He was also inducted into the St. Louis Walk of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "He worked as a scout for the St. Louis Browns for four years, then he served as a security officer and custodian at St. Louis City Hall until 1970."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "At the age of 17, he moved to St. Louis to live with older brothers and attend high school."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Return to the United States",
"text": "Bell was a part-time scout for the St. Louis Browns from 1951 to 1954, when the team moved to Baltimore."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "For 1922, Bell moved to the East St. Louis Cubs, a semipro team that paid him $20 weekly to pitch on Sundays."
}
] |
Cool Papa Bell first played for St. Louis Stars and then the Red Sox.
| 1 | 6 |
Cool Papa Bell
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Decline",
"text": "However, around 1880 gas lighting for streets began giving way to high voltage (3000–6000 volt) direct current and alternating current arc lighting systems."
},
{
"section_header": "Decline",
"text": "In the early 20th century, most cities in North America and Europe had gaslit streets."
}
] |
hlzRHXGIB3LCtergRme5
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Gas lighting is production of artificial light from combustion of a gaseous fuel, such as hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, propane, butane, acetylene, ethylene, or natural gas."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "These were the most commonly used fuels until the late 18th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Early technology",
"text": "As artificial lighting became more common, the desire grew for it to be readily available to the public: partly because towns became much safer places after gas lamps were installed in the streets, reducing crime rates."
},
{
"section_header": "Theatrical use | Types of lighting instruments",
"text": "\"Several hundred theatres are said to have burned down in America and Europe between 1800 and the introduction of electricity in the late 1800s."
},
{
"section_header": "Theatrical use | Types of lighting instruments",
"text": "Bunch lights were a cluster of burners that sat on a vertical base that was fueled directly from the gas line."
},
{
"section_header": "Theatrical use",
"text": "Thus it became the first stage 'switchboard'."
},
{
"section_header": "Widespread use",
"text": "In America, Seth Bemis lit his factory with gas illumination from 1812 to 1813."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Before electricity became sufficiently widespread and economical to allow for general public use, gas was the most popular method of outdoor and indoor lighting in cities and suburbs."
},
{
"section_header": "Widespread use",
"text": "By 1859, gas lighting was to be found all over Britain and about a thousand gas works had sprung up to meet the demand for the new fuel."
},
{
"section_header": "Theatrical use",
"text": "Production companies were so impressed with the new technology that one said, \"This light is perfect for the stage."
},
{
"section_header": "Decline",
"text": "However, around 1880 gas lighting for streets began giving way to high voltage (3000–6000 volt) direct current and alternating current arc lighting systems."
},
{
"section_header": "Decline",
"text": "In the early 20th century, most cities in North America and Europe had gaslit streets."
}
] |
Gas lighting is the production of artificial light from the combustion of gaseous fuels which became unpopular in America in the late 1700s.
| 0 | 0 |
Gaslight
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Khmer Empire (; Khmer: ចក្រភពខ្មែរ: Chakrphup Khmer or អាណាចក្រខ្មែរ Anachak Khmer), also known as the Angkor Empire (Khmer: The Khmer Empire (; Khmer: ចក្រភពខ្មែរ: Chakrphup Khmer or អាណាចក្រខ្មែរ Anachak Khmer), also known as the Angkor Empire (Khmer: អាណាចក្រអង្គរ: Anachak Angkor), the predecessor state to modern Cambodia (\"Kampuchea\" or \"Srok Khmer\" to the Khmer people), was a Hindu-Buddhist empire in Southeast Asia."
}
] |
hmFbXqEUBn0np6XOnV3i
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Relations with regional powers",
"text": "Arab writers of the 9th and 10th century hardly mention the region for anything other than its backwardness, but they considered the king of Al-Hind (India and Southeast Asia) as one of the four great kings in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Golden age of Khmer Civilization | Jayavarman VIII – the last blooming",
"text": "The new king was a follower of Theravada Buddhism, a school of Buddhism that had arrived in southeast Asia from Sri Lanka and subsequently spread through most of the region."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Formation and growth | Yasodharapura – the first city of Angkor",
"text": "In other words, there was a three-way conflict in mainland Southeast Asia."
},
{
"section_header": "Relations with regional powers",
"text": "This record describes the political situations in Mainland Southeast Asia in the mid-14th century; although the Cambodian kingdom still survived, the rise of Siamese Ayutthaya had taken its toll."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Khmer Empire (; Khmer: ចក្រភពខ្មែរ: Chakrphup Khmer or អាណាចក្រខ្មែរ Anachak Khmer), also known as the Angkor Empire (Khmer: The Khmer Empire (; Khmer: ចក្រភពខ្មែរ: Chakrphup Khmer or អាណាចក្រខ្មែរ Anachak Khmer), also known as the Angkor Empire (Khmer: អាណាចក្រអង្គរ: Anachak Angkor), the predecessor state to modern Cambodia (\"Kampuchea\" or \"Srok Khmer\" to the Khmer people), was a Hindu-Buddhist empire in Southeast Asia."
},
{
"section_header": "Relations with regional powers",
"text": "The Legend of the Maharaja of Zabaj was later published by the historian Masoudi in his 947 book, \"Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems.\" The Kaladi inscription of Java (c. 909 CE) mentioned Kmir (Khmer people or Cambodian) together with Campa (Champa) and Rman (Mon) as foreigners from mainland Southeast Asia who frequently came to Java to trade."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Decline | Plague",
"text": "Most seaports along the line of travel from China to Europe felt the impact of the disease, which might have had a severe impact on life throughout Southeast Asia."
},
{
"section_header": "Relations with regional powers",
"text": "The King of Java ordered the Minister of Khmer Empire to seek the successor."
},
{
"section_header": "Relations with regional powers",
"text": "During the formation of the empire, the Khmer had close cultural, political, and trade relations with Java and with the Srivijaya empire that lay beyond Khmer's southern seas."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The empire, which grew out of the former kingdoms of Funan and Chenla, at times ruled over and/or vassalised most of mainland Southeast Asia and parts of Southern China, stretching from the tip of the Indochinese Peninsula northward to modern Yunnan province, China, and from Vietnam westward to Myanmar."
}
] |
The Khmer Empire was in Asia in the southeast region.
| 1 | 3 |
Khmer Empire
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 2015–present: Return to acting",
"text": "In 2015, Jackson returned to acting following a 23-year absence, having retired from politics."
}
] |
hmoVRry8ZgenCKVgaDC1
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 1969–1980: Critical and commercial success",
"text": "\" Jackson was initially interested in the role of Sister Jeanne in The Devils (1971), Russell's next film, but turned it down after script rewrites and deciding that she did not wish to play a third neurotic character in a row."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2015–present: Return to acting",
"text": "In 2015, Jackson returned to acting following a 23-year absence, having retired from politics."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2015–present: Return to acting",
"text": "No ifs, no buts. In returning to the stage at the age of 80, 25 years after her last performance (as the Clytemnestra-like Christine in Eugene O'Neill’s Mourning Becomes Electra at the Glasgow Citizens), she has pulled off one of those 11th-hour feats of human endeavour that will surely be talked about for years to come by those who see it."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1992–2015: Political career",
"text": "Jackson retired from acting in order to stand for election to the House of Commons in the 1992 general election, subsequently becoming the Labour MP for Hampstead and Highgate."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Jackson took a hiatus from acting to take on a career in politics from 1992 to 2015, and was elected as the Labour Party MP for Hampstead and Highgate in the 1992 general election."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1992–2015: Political career",
"text": "Jackson is also a republican."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1992–2015: Political career",
"text": "In April 2013, Jackson gave a speech in parliament following the death of Margaret Thatcher."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1992–2015: Political career",
"text": "In June 2011, Jackson announced that, presuming the Parliament elected in 2010 lasted until 2015, she would not seek re-election."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1992–2015: Political career",
"text": "Jackson was generally considered to be a traditional left-winger, often disagreeing with the dominant Blairite governing Third Way faction in the Labour Party."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1992–2015: Political career",
"text": "On 31 October 2006, Jackson was one of 12 Labour MPs to back Plaid Cymru and the Scottish National Party's call for an inquiry into the Iraq War."
}
] |
Jackson was interested in politics but decided to just stick with acting.
| 0 | 0 |
Glenda Jackson
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Much of the dialogue is spoken in Lakota with English subtitles."
}
] |
hmy20KWGnvrJvQQkAcYm
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dances with Wolves is a 1990 American epic Western film starring, directed and produced by Kevin Costner in his feature directorial debut."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Much of the dialogue is spoken in Lakota with English subtitles."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "However, Kevin Costner had starred in Blake's only previous film, Stacy's Knights (1983), and encouraged Blake in early 1986 to turn the Western screenplay into a novel to improve its chances of being produced."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Dances with Wolves was named one of the top ten films of 1990 by over 115 critics, and was named the best film of the year by 19 critics."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "In addition to becoming the first Western film to win an Academy Award for Best Picture since 1931's Cimarron, Dances with Wolves won a number of additional awards, making it one of the most honored films of 1990."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Some of the Natives and Kevin Costner were speaking in the feminine way."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "At the 63rd Academy Awards ceremony in 1991, Dances with Wolves earned twelve Academy Award nominations and won seven, including Best Writing, Adapted Screenplay (Michael Blake), Best Director (Kevin Costner), and Best Picture of the Year."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "In 2007, the Library of Congress selected Dances with Wolves for preservation in the United States National Film Registry."
},
{
"section_header": "Sequel",
"text": "It picks up eleven years after Dances with Wolves."
},
{
"section_header": "Alternate version",
"text": "One year after the original theatrical release of Dances with Wolves, a four-hour version of the film opened at select theaters in London."
}
] |
The 1990 film Dances starring Kevin Costner with Wolves is in English and Lakota.
| 0 | 0 |
Dances with Wolves
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Appearance and character",
"text": "Henry is the first English king of whose appearance good contemporary visual records in realistic portraits exist that are relatively free of idealization."
}
] |
hn3RYYNPxpbW0IxqlSd2
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reign",
"text": "As king, Henry was styled by the Grace of God, King of England and France and Lord of Ireland."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign",
"text": "Edward was the son of George, Duke of Clarence, and as such he presented a threat as a potential rival to the new King Henry VII for the throne of England."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was the last king of England to win his throne on the field of battle."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Foreign policy",
"text": "He also concluded the Treaty of Perpetual Peace with Scotland (the first treaty between England and Scotland for almost two centuries), which betrothed his daughter Margaret to King James IV of Scotland."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Economics",
"text": "Henry VII introduced stability to the financial administration of England by keeping the same financial advisors throughout his reign."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Henry VII (Welsh: Harri Tudur; 28 January 1457 – 21 April 1509) was the King of England and Lord of Ireland from his seizure of the crown on 22 August 1485 to his death."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign",
"text": "On his succession, Henry became entitled to bear the Royal Arms of England."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign",
"text": "He led attempted invasions of Ireland in 1491 and England in 1495, and persuaded James IV of Scotland to invade England in 1496."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Trade agreements",
"text": "At the same time, Flemish merchants were ejected from England."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Economics",
"text": "For instance, except for the first few months of the reign, Lord Dynham and Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk were the only two office holders in the position of Lord High Treasurer of England throughout his reign."
},
{
"section_header": "Appearance and character",
"text": "Henry is the first English king of whose appearance good contemporary visual records in realistic portraits exist that are relatively free of idealization."
}
] |
Henry VII of England was the first king of England to be accurately depicted in paintings.
| 0 | 1 |
Henry VII of England
|
History
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At 1.28 million km2 (0.5 million mi2), Peru is the 19th largest country in the world, and the third largest in South America."
}
] |
hn47bzbijpZWaSDW6xxg
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "Most Peruvian rivers originate in the peaks of the Andes and drain into one of three basins."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Conquest and colonial period",
"text": "These movements led to the formation of the majority of modern-day countries of South America in the territories that at one point or another had constituted the Viceroyalty of Peru."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Wildlife",
"text": "Because of its varied geography and climate, Peru has a high biodiversity with 21,462 species of plants and animals reported as of 2003, 5,855 of them endemic, and is one of the megadiverse countries."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Conquest and colonial period",
"text": "The Spanish conquest of Peru was one of the most important campaigns in the Spanish colonization of the Americas."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Education",
"text": "Peru is home to one of the oldest institutions of higher learning in the New World."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Visual Arts | Colonial art",
"text": "Diego Quispe Tito (1611–1681) was one of the first members of the Cuzco school and Marcos Zapata (1710–1773) was one of the last."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is one of the region's most prosperous economies with an average growth rate of 5.9% and it has one of the world's fastest industrial growth rates at an average of 9.6%."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ranging from the Norte Chico civilization starting in 3500 BC, the oldest civilization in the Americas and one of the five cradles of civilization, to the Inca Empire, the largest state in pre-Columbian America, the territory now including Peru has one of the longest histories of civilization of any country, tracing its heritage back to the 4th millennia BCE."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Prehistory and Pre-Columbian Peru",
"text": "The Incas of Cusco originally represented one of the small and relatively minor ethnic groups, the Quechuas."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Foreign relations",
"text": "Peru is an active member of several regional trade blocs and is one of the founding members of the Andean Community of Nations."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At 1.28 million km2 (0.5 million mi2), Peru is the 19th largest country in the world, and the third largest in South America."
}
] |
Peru is the 3rd biggest country on its continent and is the nineteenth biggest on Earth.
| 2 | 6 |
Peru
|
NOCAT
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and ministry",
"text": "He was the ninth child born into the noble family of Girolamo dai Conti Ferretti and was baptized on the same day of his birth with the name of Giovanni Maria Battista Pietro Pellegrino Isidoro."
}
] |
hnL0nTxXfhBTrbedN0Ku
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After his death in 1878, his canonization process was opened on 11 February 1907 by Pope Pius X, and it drew considerable controversy over the years."
},
{
"section_header": "Sovereignty of the Papal States | Reforms in the Papal States",
"text": "In Pius IX's early years as pope, the government of the Papal States improved agricultural technology and productivity via farmer education in newly created scientific agricultural institutes."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Pius IX (Italian: Pio IX; born Giovanni Maria Mastai Ferretti; 13 May 1792 – 7 February 1878) was Pope from 1846, the longest-reigning Roman Pope."
},
{
"section_header": "Papacy | Governing the church | Ecclesiastical rights",
"text": "The soldiers who guarded the Pope from Italians (between 1849 and 1870) were largely French and Austrian."
},
{
"section_header": "Beatification",
"text": "The Italian government had since 1878 strongly opposed beatification of Pius IX."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Thereafter, Pius IX refused to accept the Law of Guarantees from the Italian government, which would have made the Holy See dependent on legislation that the Italian parliament could modify at any time."
},
{
"section_header": "Papacy | Election",
"text": "For the next twenty months after the election, Pius IX was the most popular man on the Italian peninsula, where the exclamation \"Long life to Pius IX!\" was often heard."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Pope Pius associations were formed in his support."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Europe, including the Italian peninsula, was in the midst of considerable political ferment when the bishop of Imola, Giovanni Maria Cardinal Mastai Ferretti, was elected pope."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Pius IX was lampooned in a pun on the Italian version of his name (Pio Nono - “Nono” meaning “Ninth”), as Pio"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and ministry",
"text": "He was the ninth child born into the noble family of Girolamo dai Conti Ferretti and was baptized on the same day of his birth with the name of Giovanni Maria Battista Pietro Pellegrino Isidoro."
}
] |
Pope Pius X was the son of Italian peasant farmers.
| 0 | 0 |
Pope Pius IX
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "was the third largest bestseller of its time, after Uncle Tom's Cabin and Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It influenced many intellectuals, and appears by title in many socialist writings of the day."
}
] |
hnUyVMaavXpoo3I61Fkh
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel also inspired several utopian communities."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "Bellamy's book, gradually planned throughout the 1880s, was completed in 1887 and taken to Boston publisher Benjamin Ticknor, who published a first edition of the novel in January 1888."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and later responses",
"text": "Looking Backward influenced the novel Future of a New China by Liang Qichao."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "Sales topped 532,000 in the US by the middle of 1939."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Looking Backward: 2000–1887 is a utopian novel by Edward Bellamy, a journalist and writer from Chicopee Falls, Massachusetts; it was first published in 1888.It"
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "Although Bellamy's novel did not discuss technology or the economy in detail, commentators frequently compare Looking Backward with actual economic and technological developments."
},
{
"section_header": "Precursors",
"text": "For example, in The True Author of Looking Backward (1890) J. B. Shipley argued that Bellamy's novel was a repeat of Bebel's arguments, while literary critic R. L. Shurter went so far as to argue that \"Looking Backward is actually a fictionalized version of The Co-operative Commonwealth and little more\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "The novel was again serialized in China in 1898, in Zhongguo guanyin baihua bao (中國官音白話報); and in 1904, under the title Huitou kan (Looking Backward), within Xiuxiang xiaoshuo (繡像小說; Illustrated Fiction).The book remains in print in multiple editions, with one publisher alone having reissued the title in a printing of 100,000 copies in 1945."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and later responses",
"text": "Looking Backward was rewritten in 1974 by American socialist science fiction writer Mack Reynolds as Looking Backward from the Year 2000."
},
{
"section_header": "Reaction and sequels",
"text": "In the 1930s, there was a revival of interest in Looking Backward."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "was the third largest bestseller of its time, after Uncle Tom's Cabin and Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It influenced many intellectuals, and appears by title in many socialist writings of the day."
}
] |
The 1887 novel Looking Backward was a top book seller and has inspired philosophers who believe in collective ownership.
| 0 | 0 |
Looking Backward
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dulce et Decorum est is a poem written by Wilfred Owen during World War I, and published posthumously in 1920."
}
] |
hnjzUY0JXuRQ8HfYSupy
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "The title of this poem means 'It is sweet and fitting'."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dulce et Decorum est is a poem written by Wilfred Owen during World War I, and published posthumously in 1920."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "The title and the Latin exhortation of the final two lines are drawn from the phrase \"Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori\" written by the Roman poet Horace (Quintus Horatius Flaccus): These words were well known and often quoted by supporters of the war near its inception and were, therefore, of particular relevance to soldiers of the era."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "In 1913, the line Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori was inscribed on the wall of the chapel of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure",
"text": "The style of \"Dulce et Decorum est\" is similar to the French ballade poetic form."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition",
"text": "Owen wrote a number of his most famous poems at Craiglockhart, including several drafts of \"Dulce et Decorum est\", \"Soldier's Dream\", and \"Anthem for Doomed Youth\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The speaker of the poem describes the gruesome effects of the gas on the man and concludes that, if one were to see first-hand the reality of war, one might not repeat mendacious platitudes like dulce et decorum est pro patria mori: \" How sweet and honourable it is to die for one's country\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Latin title is taken from Ode 3.2 (Valor) of the Roman poet Horace and means \"it is sweet and fitting\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure",
"text": "This poem is considered by many as one of the best war poems ever written."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "In the final stanza of his poem, Owen refers to this as \"The old Lie\"."
}
] |
Dulce et Decorum est is a poem written by Walt Whitman and title of this poem means "It is sweet and fitting."
| 0 | 0 |
Dulce Et Decorum Est
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Zillow Group, Inc., or simply Zillow, is an American online real estate database company that was founded in 2006, and was created by Rich Barton and Lloyd Frink, former Microsoft executives and founders of Microsoft spin-off Expedia, Spencer Rascoff, a cofounder of Hotwire.com, David Beitel, Zillow's current chief technology officer, and Kristin Acker, Zillow's current senior vice president of experience design."
},
{
"section_header": "Business model",
"text": "In February 2011, Zillow and Yahoo! Real Estate launched an exclusive partnership creating the largest real-estate advertising network on the web, according to comScore Media Metrix."
}
] |
ho8bKIf1ckeEZn1tlvbp
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Business model",
"text": "Zillow has stated that it is a media company that generates revenue by selling advertising on its web site."
},
{
"section_header": "Acquisitions",
"text": "HotPads, founded in 2005, lists real estate and rental listings on a map-based web interface."
},
{
"section_header": "Business model",
"text": "In February 2011, Zillow and Yahoo! Real Estate launched an exclusive partnership creating the largest real-estate advertising network on the web, according to comScore Media Metrix."
},
{
"section_header": "Acquisitions",
"text": "In April 2011 Zillow acquired Postlets, an online real estate listing creation and distribution platform."
},
{
"section_header": "Website features | Zillow Advice",
"text": "On December 16, 2008, Zillow launched Zillow Advice, allowing people to ask real estate questions online and get answers from the Web site's community of experts."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Zillow Group, Inc., or simply Zillow, is an American online real estate database company that was founded in 2006, and was created by Rich Barton and Lloyd Frink, former Microsoft executives and founders of Microsoft spin-off Expedia, Spencer Rascoff, a cofounder of Hotwire.com, David Beitel, Zillow's current chief technology officer, and Kristin Acker, Zillow's current senior vice president of experience design."
},
{
"section_header": "Business model",
"text": "In April 2009, Zillow announced a partnership to lend its real estate search engine to the web sites of more than 180 United States newspapers as a part of the Zillow Newspaper Consortium."
},
{
"section_header": "Business model",
"text": "Zillow shares advertising revenue from the co-branded sites with the newspapers and extends its reach into local markets."
},
{
"section_header": "Website features",
"text": "In July 2014, Zillow also took over the real estate portal for MSN Real Estate."
},
{
"section_header": "Business model",
"text": "The main qualification for real estate brokers who participate with Zillow Flex Program is their willingness to pay a blanket referral fee once the transaction is complete."
}
] |
Zillow is an American online real estate business that was founded in 2006, with listings that generate revenue and becoming one of the major real estate advertising players on the web.
| 0 | 0 |
Zillow
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "With a film career spanning seven decades, Arkin is known for his performances in The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming (1966); Wait Until Dark (1967); The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter (1968); Popi (1969); Catch-22 (1970); The In-Laws (1979); Edward Scissorhands (1990); The Rocketeer (1991); Glengarry Glen Ross (1992); Thirteen Conversations About One Thing (2001); Little Miss Sunshine (2006); Get Smart (2008); Sunshine Cleaning (2008); and Argo (2012)."
}
] |
hoID2WfEHi6i23pFt3sM
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | Directing",
"text": "In 1969, Arkin's directorial debut was the Oscar-nominated 12-minute children's film titled People Soup, starring his sons Adam and Matthew Arkin."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Acting",
"text": "Two years later, he was again nominated, for The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Acting",
"text": "At 72 years old, Arkin was the sixth oldest winner of the Best Supporting Actor Oscar."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Early work",
"text": "It reached #4 on the Billboard magazine chart the same year as Harry Belafonte's better-known hit version."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "During the 1950s Red Scare, Arkin's parents were accused of being Communists, and his father was fired when he refused to answer questions about his political ideology."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Directing",
"text": "The film opened to a lukewarm review by Roger Greenspan, and a more positive one by Vincent Canby in the New York Times."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Accolades",
"text": "In 2014, Arkin received the Gregory Peck Award for Cinematic Excellence to honor his life's work at the San Diego Film Festival."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Early work",
"text": "The group appeared in the 1957 Calypso-exploitation film Calypso Heat Wave, singing \"Banana Boat Song\" and \"Choucoune\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Acting",
"text": "In 1968, he appeared in the title role of Inspector Clouseau after Peter Sellers dissociated himself from the role, but the film was not well received by Sellers' fans."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Acting",
"text": "His role in Little Miss Sunshine, as Grandfather Edwin, who was foul-mouthed and had a taste for snorting heroin, won him the BAFTA Film Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role and the Academy Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "With a film career spanning seven decades, Arkin is known for his performances in The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming (1966); Wait Until Dark (1967); The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter (1968); Popi (1969); Catch-22 (1970); The In-Laws (1979); Edward Scissorhands (1990); The Rocketeer (1991); Glengarry Glen Ross (1992); Thirteen Conversations About One Thing (2001); Little Miss Sunshine (2006); Get Smart (2008); Sunshine Cleaning (2008); and Argo (2012)."
}
] |
Arkin's career lasted 70 years in the film industry.
| 0 | 0 |
Alan Arkin
|
Popular Culture
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Spider-Man: Far From Home is a 2019 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Spider-Man, co-produced by Columbia Pictures and Marvel Studios, and distributed by Sony Pictures Releasing."
}
] |
hoLDazS1mr28bCS47eNR
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Post-production",
"text": "Watts described Far From Home as a \"con man movie\" with \"so many layers of deception\", and for the post-credits scene he felt that ending the film with \"one last twist\" was on theme."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Spider-Man: Far From Home is a 2019 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Spider-Man, co-produced by Columbia Pictures and Marvel Studios, and distributed by Sony Pictures Releasing."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Pre-production",
"text": "Other tactical costumes from the comic books were looked at when developing this one, but Meinerding felt they looked less practical than the more straightforward Noir inspiration."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Bernard Boo of PopMatters praised the film, commenting, \" Spider-Man: Far From Home is technically the final film in Phase [Three] of the MCU, and it's hard to think of a better way to send off the most successful run of one of the highest grossing franchises in history.\" Alonso Duralde of TheWrap said that the film feels like \"a charming teen road-trip comedy that occasionally turns into a superhero movie\", which he said was a compliment."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of \"A\" on an A+ to F scale, while those at PostTrak gave it an overall positive score of 90% and a \"definite recommend\" of 76%.Owen Gleiberman of Variety praised Holland's performance and wrote, \"By the end, this Spider-Man really does find his tingle, yet coming after Into the Spider-Verse, with its swirling psychedelic imagery and identity games and trap doors of perception, Spider-Man: Far From Home touches all the bases of a conventional Marvel movie."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Home media",
"text": "Spider-Man: Far From Home was released by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment on digital on September 17, 2019, and on Ultra HD Blu-ray, Blu-ray and DVD on October 1."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "Watts added they looked to \"make a movie that's in that world and deals with those stories but is also still [a] fun Spider-Man movie\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Home media",
"text": "The short includes footage featuring Hemky Madera reprising his Homecoming role as Mr. Delmar, the owner of a local bodega, which was all cut from Far From Home."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Post-production | Visual effects",
"text": "His fishbowl helmet is retained from the comics."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Pre-production",
"text": "Mysterio was chosen to be the film's villain because he is one of Spider-Man's iconic villains that had yet to be featured in a film, and because his history of deception in the comics lent itself to a character who could take advantage of a Spider-Man that is mourning the death of Stark."
}
] |
Spider-Man: Far From Home is a movie based on the DC comics.
| 3 | 5 |
Spider-Man: Far From Home
|
Technology
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "This unfolded with Microsoft acquiring Danger Inc. in 2008, entering the personal computer production market for the first time in June 2012 with the launch of the Microsoft Surface line of tablet computers, and later forming Microsoft Mobile through the acquisition of Nokia's devices and services division."
}
] |
hoRJZMODZWJMMNRzuVCC
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | 2014–present: Windows 10, Microsoft Edge and HoloLens",
"text": "On April 25, 2014, Microsoft acquired Nokia Devices and Services for $7.2 billion."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "This unfolded with Microsoft acquiring Danger Inc. in 2008, entering the personal computer production market for the first time in June 2012 with the launch of the Microsoft Surface line of tablet computers, and later forming Microsoft Mobile through the acquisition of Nokia's devices and services division."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2014–present: Windows 10, Microsoft Edge and HoloLens",
"text": "Intune for Education is a new cloud-based application and device management service for the education sector."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Steve Ballmer replaced Gates as CEO in 2000, and later envisioned a \"devices and services\" strategy."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2011–2014: Windows 8/8.1, Xbox One, Outlook.com, and Surface devices",
"text": "On July 31, they launched the Outlook.com webmail service to compete with Gmail."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate affairs | Layoffs",
"text": "In May 2016, Microsoft announced another 1,850 job cuts mostly in (Nokia) mobile phone division."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2014–present: Windows 10, Microsoft Edge and HoloLens",
"text": "On March 26, 2020, Microsoft announced it was acquiring Affirmed Networks for about $1.35 billion."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2014–present: Windows 10, Microsoft Edge and HoloLens",
"text": "On June 8, 2017, Microsoft acquired Hexadite, an Israeli security firm, for $100 million."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2011–2014: Windows 8/8.1, Xbox One, Outlook.com, and Surface devices",
"text": "To cope with the potential for an increase in demand for products and services, Microsoft opened a number of \"holiday stores\" across the U.S. to complement the increasing number of \"bricks-and-mortar\" Microsoft Stores that opened in 2012."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2014–present: Windows 10, Microsoft Edge and HoloLens",
"text": "On September 15, 2014, Microsoft acquired the video game development company Mojang, best known for Minecraft, for $2.5 billion."
}
] |
Microsoft acquired Nokia devices and services.
| 3 | 5 |
Microsoft
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The conflict lasted through many sporadic episodes between 1455 and 1487, but there was related fighting before and after this period between the parties."
}
] |
hoXo4cWJiZ1mMN4SI8N0
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Middle stages | Edward IV",
"text": "The last remaining Lancastrian stronghold was Harlech Castle in Wales, which surrendered in 1468 after a seven-year-long siege."
},
{
"section_header": "Middle stages | Edward IV",
"text": "Several castles under Lancastrian commanders held out for years: Dunstanburgh, Alnwick (the Percy family seat), and Bamburgh were some of the last to fall."
},
{
"section_header": "Early stages | Death of Richard, Duke of York",
"text": "Then on 30 December, his forces left the castle and attacked the Lancastrians in the open, although outnumbered."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins of the conflict | Disputed succession | House of Lancaster",
"text": "There were uprisings in support of the Mortimers' claim throughout Henry IV's reign, which lasted until 1413."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins of the conflict | Disputed succession",
"text": "Richard's claim to the throne was based on the principle that the son of an elder brother had priority in the succession over his uncles."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The conflict lasted through many sporadic episodes between 1455 and 1487, but there was related fighting before and after this period between the parties."
},
{
"section_header": "Middle stages | Warwick's rebellion and the death of Henry VI",
"text": "This embarrassment turned to bitterness when the Woodvilles came to be favoured over the Nevilles at court."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins of the conflict | Disputed succession | House of York",
"text": "As Richard of York grew into maturity and questions were raised over Henry VI's fitness to rule, Richard's claim to the throne thus became more significant."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins of the conflict | Disputed succession",
"text": "His eldest son Edward, the Black Prince, had died the year before."
},
{
"section_header": "Early stages | Death of Richard, Duke of York",
"text": "He took up a defensive position at Sandal Castle near Wakefield over Christmas 1460."
}
] |
The conflict lasted over 30 years.
| 0 | 0 |
Wars of the Roses
|
Popular Culture
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "RMS Titanic was a British passenger liner operated by the White Star Line that sank in the North Atlantic Ocean in the early morning hours of 15 April 1912, after striking an iceberg during her maiden voyage from Southampton to New York City."
}
] |
hp8D5DXVMUlw15KXgqoo
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Replicas",
"text": "A Chinese shipbuilding company known as Wuchang Shipbuilding Industry Group Co., Ltd commenced construction in January 2014 to build a replica ship of the Titanic for use in a resort."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath of sinking | Investigations into the disaster | Role of the SS Californian",
"text": "Lord wanted to know if they were company signals, that is, coloured flares used for identification."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "The design was overseen by Lord Pirrie, a director of both Harland and Wolff and the White Star Line; naval architect Thomas Andrews, the managing director of Harland and Wolff's design department; Edward Wilding, Andrews' deputy and responsible for calculating the ship's design, stability and trim; and Alexander Carlisle, the shipyard's chief draughtsman and general manager."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath of sinking | Arrival of Carpathia in New York",
"text": "Some reporters bribed their way aboard the pilot boat New York, which guided Carpathia into harbour, and one even managed to get onto Carpathia before she docked."
},
{
"section_header": "Wreck",
"text": "None came to fruition. The fundamental problem was the sheer difficulty of finding and reaching a wreck that lies over 12,000 feet (3,700 m) below the surface, in a location where the water pressure is over 6,500 pounds per square inch (450 bar)."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "They were by far the largest vessels of the British shipping company White Star Line's fleet, which comprised 29 steamers and tenders in 1912."
},
{
"section_header": "Maiden voyage | Passengers",
"text": "Also aboard the ship were the White Star Line's managing director J. Bruce Ismay and Titanic's designer Thomas Andrews†, who was on board to observe any problems and assess the general performance of the new ship."
},
{
"section_header": "Building and preparing the ship | Sea trials",
"text": "Representatives of various companies travelled on Titanic's sea trials, Thomas Andrews and Edward Wilding of Harland and Wolff and Harold A. Sanderson of IMM."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath of sinking | Insurance, aid for survivors and lawsuits",
"text": "$419 million in 2018 USD), which was far in excess of what White Star argued it was responsible for as a limited liability company under American law."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Cultural | In Northern Ireland",
"text": "On 17 October 2018, The New York Times reported that a consortium of three hedge funds—Apollo Global Management, Alta Fundamental Advisers, and PacBridge Capital Partners—had paid US$19.5 million for the collection."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "RMS Titanic was a British passenger liner operated by the White Star Line that sank in the North Atlantic Ocean in the early morning hours of 15 April 1912, after striking an iceberg during her maiden voyage from Southampton to New York City."
}
] |
The Titanic was managed by the blue square company.
| 1 | 4 |
Titanic
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early career as Conquistador",
"text": "On 10 November 1509, Pizarro sailed from Spain to the New World with Alonso de Ojeda on an expedition to Urabá."
}
] |
hpUhXfSzR8xzLV6bzWud
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He went to the Gulf of Urabá, and accompanied Vasco Núñez de Balboa in his crossing of the Isthmus of Panama, where they became the first Europeans to reach the Pacific Ocean."
},
{
"section_header": "Early career as Conquistador",
"text": "He sailed to Cartagena and joined the fleet of Martín Fernández de Enciso and, in 1513, accompanied Balboa in his crossing of the Isthmus of Panama to the Pacific."
},
{
"section_header": "Expeditions to South America | First expedition (1524)",
"text": "Pizarro's first expedition, however, turned out to be a failure as his conquistadores, sailing down the Pacific coast, reached no farther than Colombia before succumbing to bad weather, lack of food and skirmishes with hostile natives, one of which caused Almagro to lose an eye by arrow-shot."
},
{
"section_header": "Expeditions to South America | First expedition (1524)",
"text": "Fearing subsequent hostile encounters like the one the expedition endured at the Battle of Punta Quemada, Pizarro ended his first expedition and returned to Panama."
},
{
"section_header": "Early career as Conquistador",
"text": "On 10 November 1509, Pizarro sailed from Spain to the New World with Alonso de Ojeda on an expedition to Urabá."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Francisco Pizarro González (; Spanish: [fɾanˈθisko piˈθaro]; c. 1471–1476 – 26 June 1541) was a Spanish conquistador, best known for his expeditions that led to the Spanish conquest of Peru."
},
{
"section_header": "Expeditions to South America | First expedition (1524)",
"text": "The Governor of Panama, Pedro Arias Dávila, at first approved in principle of exploring South America."
},
{
"section_header": "Expeditions to South America | First expedition (1524)",
"text": "In November 1524, the first of three expeditions left Panama for the conquest of Peru with about 80 men and 40 horses."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Sculptures",
"text": "In the early 1930s, sculptor Ramsay MacDonald created three copies of an anonymous European foot soldier resembling a conquistador with a helmet, wielding a sword and riding a horse."
},
{
"section_header": "Expeditions to South America | Second expedition (1526) | The Famous Thirteen",
"text": "The Spanish also saw for the first time the Peruvian llama, which Pizarro called \"little camels\"."
}
] |
Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro was one of the first Europeans to get to the Pacific Ocean when he crossed the isthmus of Panama in 1509.
| 0 | 0 |
Francisco Pizarro
|
Music
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Business ventures",
"text": "Timberlake and his wife Jessica Biel are minority owners of the Memphis Grizzlies."
}
] |
hpVdsAEDMk3pDI1adZm1
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 2008–2012: Musical hiatus and focus on acting",
"text": "Timberlake and his production team"
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Business ventures",
"text": "Major endorsements in 2009 included Sony electronic products, Givenchy's men's fragrance \"Play,\" the Audi A1, Callaway Golf Company products, and in 2011, Myspace."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Business ventures",
"text": "The pair reports inspiration from fellow Memphis native Elvis Presley: \"Elvis is the perfect mixture of Justin and I,\" Ayala says."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Justin Randall Timberlake was born on January 31, 1981 in Memphis, Tennessee to Lynn (Bomar) Harless and Charles Randall Timberlake, a Baptist church choir director."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Business ventures",
"text": "Timberlake and his wife Jessica Biel are minority owners of the Memphis Grizzlies."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Timberlake grew up in Shelby Forest, a small community between Memphis and Millington."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2013–2017: The 20/20 Experience, 2 of 2, and Trolls",
"text": "Timberlake performed at the \"In Performance at the White House: Memphis Soul\" concert, held in the East Room of the White House and hosted by President Barack Obama, celebrating Memphis soul music from the 1960s."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Philanthropy",
"text": "On March 23, 2008, he donated $100,000 to the Memphis Rock N' Soul Museum and another $100,000 to the Memphis Music Foundation."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Business ventures",
"text": "Timberlake has co-owned or provided celebrity endorsement for three restaurants in the United States: \"Chi\" opened in West Hollywood, California in 2003, and \"Destino\" and \"Southern Hospitality\" in New York opened in 2006 and 2007, respectively."
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry",
"text": "Described by critics as a \"consummate showman,\" Timberlake usually plays guitar, piano and keyboard in his shows."
}
] |
Justin Timberlake owns a majority share of the NBA Basketball team that plays in Memphis.
| 4 | 5 |
Justin Timberlake
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Both DNA and RNA are nucleic acids, which use base pairs of nucleotides as a complementary language."
},
{
"section_header": "Major steps | Initiation",
"text": "The TFIID is the first component to bind to DNA due to binding of TBP, while TFIIH is the last component to be recruited."
}
] |
hpbMMJ3jF7LhtM7zeMVb
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Transcription is the first of several steps of DNA based gene expression in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA (especially mRNA) by the enzyme RNA polymerase."
},
{
"section_header": "Major steps | Promoter escape",
"text": "After the first bond is synthesized, the RNA polymerase must escape the promoter."
},
{
"section_header": "Major steps | Initiation",
"text": "The TFIID is the first component to bind to DNA due to binding of TBP, while TFIIH is the last component to be recruited."
},
{
"section_header": "Major steps | Promoter escape",
"text": "This is called abortive initiation, and is common for both eukaryotes and prokaryotes."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Both DNA and RNA are nucleic acids, which use base pairs of nucleotides as a complementary language."
},
{
"section_header": "Major steps | Promoter escape",
"text": "Mechanistically, promoter escape occurs through DNA scrunching, providing the energy needed to break interactions between RNA polymerase holoenzyme and the promoter."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Transcription proceeds in the following general steps: RNA polymerase, together with one or more general transcription factors, binds to promoter DNA."
},
{
"section_header": "Major steps | Initiation",
"text": "Transcription begins with the binding of RNA polymerase, together with one or more general transcription factors, to a specific DNA sequence referred to as a \"promoter\" to form an RNA polymerase-promoter \"closed complex\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Major steps | Elongation",
"text": "In eukaryotes, this may correspond with short pauses during transcription that allow appropriate RNA editing factors to bind."
},
{
"section_header": "Major steps | Promoter escape",
"text": "Abortive initiation continues to occur until an RNA product of a threshold length of approximately 10 nucleotides is synthesized, at which point promoter escape occurs and a transcription elongation complex is formed."
}
] |
Transcription is the first of several steps of both DNA and RNA to escape binding.
| 0 | 0 |
Transcription (genetics)
|
Geography
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Awards",
"text": "In June 2010, Burj Khalifa was the recipient of the 2010 \"Best Tall Building Middle East & Africa\" award by the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards",
"text": "On 28 September 2010 Burj Khalifa won the award for best project of the year at the Middle East Architect Awards 2010."
}
] |
hpiv4u9l44k2QQt5qW0c
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Awards",
"text": "On 28 September 2010 Burj Khalifa won the award for best project of the year at the Middle East Architect Awards 2010."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards",
"text": "In June 2010, Burj Khalifa was the recipient of the 2010 \"Best Tall Building Middle East & Africa\" award by the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards",
"text": "Burj Khalifa was also the recipient of the following awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards",
"text": "Awards Chair Gordon Gill, of Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill Architecture, said: We are talking about a building here that has changed the landscape of what is possible in architecture – a building that became internationally recognized as an icon long before it was even completed."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Critical reception to Burj Khalifa has been generally positive, and the building has received many awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Construction and structure | Milestones",
"text": "10 March 2010: Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat certifies Burj Khalifa as world's tallest building."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards",
"text": "‘Building of the Century’ was thought a more apt title for it."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "In the 2016 American science fiction film Independence Day: Resurgence, the Burj Khalifa was seen where it—along with many other structures—is being thrown into London by the aliens using their mothership's anti-gravity pull."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture and design",
"text": "Floors through to 108 have 900 private residential apartments (which, according to the developer, sold out within eight hours of being on the market)."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture and design",
"text": "Without the spire, Burj Khalifa would be 585 meters tall."
}
] |
Burj Khalifa won an award for being the best tall building in the region and additional awards for being the top project of 2010.
| 0 | 2 |
Burj Khalifa
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Translations and derivative works",
"text": "\" In the publisher's words the new edition \"incorporates some 9,000 minor yet crucial corrections and amendments, covering punctuation marks, font choice, spacing, misspellings, misplaced phrases and ruptured syntax.\" According to the publisher, \"Although individually minor, these changes are nonetheless crucial in that they facilitate a smooth reading of the book’s allusive density and essential fabric.\" Despite its linguistic complexity, Finnegans Wake has been translated into French, German, Greek, Japanese, Korean, Polish, Spanish, Dutch, Portuguese, and Turkish."
}
] |
hqJXlWu8bIBqeIpzGQYr
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Language and style | Allusions to other works",
"text": "At one of their final meetings, Joyce suggested to Frank Budgen that he write an article about Finnegans Wake, entitling it \"James Joyce's Book of the Dead\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Language and style",
"text": "Although Joyce died shortly after the publication of Finnegans Wake, during the work's composition the author made a number of statements concerning his intentions in writing in such an original manner."
},
{
"section_header": "Translations and derivative works",
"text": "combines a collage of sounds mentioned in Finnegans Wake, with Irish jigs and Cage reading his Writing for the Second Time through Finnegans Wake, one of a series of five writings based on the Wake."
},
{
"section_header": "Language and style",
"text": "\"While commentators emphasize how this manner of writing can communicate multiple levels of meaning simultaneously, Hayman and Norris contend that its purpose is as much to obscure and disable meaning as to expand it."
},
{
"section_header": "Language and style",
"text": "Beckett described and defended the writing style of Finnegans Wake thus: This writing that you find so obscure is a quintessential extraction of language and painting and gesture, with all the inevitable clarity of the old inarticulation."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Finnegans Wake is a book by Irish writer James Joyce."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and criticism",
"text": "Jacques Derrida developed his ideas of literary \"deconstruction\" largely inspired by Finnegans Wake (as detailed in the essay \"Two Words for Joyce\"), and as a result literary theory—in particular post-structuralism—has embraced Joyce's innovation and ambition in Finnegans Wake."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The now commonplace term quark – a subatomic particle – originates from Finnegans Wake."
},
{
"section_header": "Language and style",
"text": "\" Seconding this analysis of the book's emphasis on form over content, Paul Rosenfeld reviewed Finnegans Wake in 1939 with the suggestion that \"the writing is not so much about something as it is that something itself [..] in Finnegans Wake"
},
{
"section_header": "Language and style",
"text": "Hayman writes that access to the work's \"tenuous narratives\" may only be achieved through \"the dense weave of a language designed as much to shield as to reveal them.\" Norris argues that Joyce's language is \"devious\" and that it \"conceals and reveals secrets.\" Allen B. Ruch has dubbed Joyce's new language \"dreamspeak,\" and describes it as \"a language that is basically English, but extremely malleable and all-inclusive, rich with portmanteau words, stylistic parodies, and complex puns."
},
{
"section_header": "Translations and derivative works",
"text": "\" In the publisher's words the new edition \"incorporates some 9,000 minor yet crucial corrections and amendments, covering punctuation marks, font choice, spacing, misspellings, misplaced phrases and ruptured syntax.\" According to the publisher, \"Although individually minor, these changes are nonetheless crucial in that they facilitate a smooth reading of the book’s allusive density and essential fabric.\" Despite its linguistic complexity, Finnegans Wake has been translated into French, German, Greek, Japanese, Korean, Polish, Spanish, Dutch, Portuguese, and Turkish."
}
] |
Finnegans Wake has been effortlessly translated into multiple languages, staying true to James Joyce's original writing details.
| 0 | 0 |
Finnegans Wake
|
Popular Culture
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film was controversial when it was first released, but successful at the box office, and it made Stewart a major star."
}
] |
hr0P2KdlDTFcIAbGc3A1
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "\"Mr. Bill Goes to Washington\", a spoof of Mr. Smith Goes to Washington."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors | Other honors",
"text": "Mr. Smith Goes to Washington was named as one of the best films of 1939 by The New York Times and Film Daily, and was nominated for Best Film by the National Board of Review."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact",
"text": "When a ban on American films was imposed in German occupied France in 1942, some theaters chose to show Mr. Smith Goes to Washington as the last movie before the ban went into effect."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "The Simpsons: The third season episode \" Mr. Lisa Goes to Washington\" is inspired by, and contains several references to Mr. Smith Goes to Washington."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The governor of an unnamed western state, Hubert \"Happy\" Hopper (Guy Kibbee), has to pick a replacement for recently deceased U.S. Senator Sam Foley."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors | Academy Awards",
"text": "Mr. Smith Goes to Washington was nominated for 11 Academy Awards, but won only one."
},
{
"section_header": "Remakes",
"text": "In 1949, Columbia planned, but never actually produced, a sequel to Mr. Smith Goes to Washington, called Mr. Smith Starts a Riot."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "\"Mr. Benny Goes to Washington\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact",
"text": "\"Mr. Smith Goes to Washington has been called one of the quintessential whistleblower films in American history."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mr. Smith Goes to Washington was nominated for eleven Academy Awards, winning for Best Original Story."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film was controversial when it was first released, but successful at the box office, and it made Stewart a major star."
}
] |
Mr. Smith Goes to Washington was a movie about a guy name Hopper and was not successful in theatres.
| 2 | 5 |
Mr. Smith Goes to Washington
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "In the aftermath, Batman is presumed dead and honored as a hero."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "With no way to stop the detonation, Batman uses his aerial craft, the Bat, to haul the bomb far over the bay, where it safely explodes."
}
] |
hr8KhJIAZgGwVmT4RIuY
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "Bale has stated that The Dark Knight Rises will be his final Batman film."
},
{
"section_header": "Marketing",
"text": "Addressing the issue in an interview with Entertainment Weekly, Nolan said \"I think when people see the film, things will come into focus."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "The Dark Knight Rises featured over an hour of footage shot in IMAX (by comparison, The Dark Knight contained 28 minutes)."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "In 2019, on a poll held by LADbible, The Dark Knight Rises was voted as the best film of the decade"
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | North America",
"text": "The Dark Knight Rises opened on Friday, July 20, 2012."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "The Dark Knight Rises received highly favorable reviews from critics."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "The Dark Knight. In 2014, Empire ranked The Dark Knight Rises the 72nd greatest film ever made on their list of \"The 301 Greatest Movies Of All Time\" as voted by the magazine's readers."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Colorado shooting",
"text": "On July 20, 2012, during a midnight showing of The Dark Knight Rises at the Century 16 cinema in Aurora, Colorado, a gunman wearing a gas mask opened fire inside the theater, killing 12 people and injuring 58 others."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Based on the DC Comics character Batman, it is the final installment in Nolan's The Dark Knight Trilogy, and the sequel to The Dark Knight (2008)."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Batman and Kyle pursue Talia, hoping to bring the bomb back to the reactor chamber where it can be stabilized."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "In the aftermath, Batman is presumed dead and honored as a hero."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "With no way to stop the detonation, Batman uses his aerial craft, the Bat, to haul the bomb far over the bay, where it safely explodes."
}
] |
In the film The Dark Knight Rises, people think that Batman survives a bomb explosion.
| 0 | 0 |
The Dark Knight Rises
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "In October 2003, 19-year-old Harvard University student Mark Zuckerberg is dumped by his girlfriend Erica Albright."
}
] |
hsIzwAl2IqY2TM9zOtB2
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Adapted from Ben Mezrich's 2009 book The Accidental Billionaires, it portrays the founding of social networking website Facebook and the resulting lawsuits."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy",
"text": "Absolutely not—the code for Facebook was his, and the \"idea\" of a social network is not a patent."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Meanwhile, Saverin objects to Parker making business decisions for Facebook and freezes the company's bank account in the resulting dispute."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Screenplay",
"text": "The invention itself is as modern as it gets, but the story is as old as storytelling; the themes of friendship, loyalty, jealousy, class and power.\" He said he read an unfinished draft of The Accidental Billionaires when the publisher began \"shopping it around\" for a film adaptation."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "\" In one such instance, the co-founders of Wall Street Magnate confirmed that they were inspired to create the fantasy trading community after watching The Social Network."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Principal photography began in October 2009 in Cambridge, Massachusetts."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Since its release, The Social Network has been cited as inspiring involvement in start-ups and social media."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "In October 2003, 19-year-old Harvard University student Mark Zuckerberg is dumped by his girlfriend Erica Albright."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "The Social Network is the biggest relief I've ever had in a movie\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy",
"text": "But I won't be seeing The Social Network to find out."
}
] |
The Social Network was about how Facebook began as a result of the founder getting dumped while a senior in highschool.
| 3 | 4 |
The Social Network
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Foxx dropped out of high school early to join a minor league team managed by former Philadelphia Athletics great Frank \"Home Run\" Baker."
}
] |
hsbrXvLMDhkLhBZZengs
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Post-baseball career",
"text": "His son, Jimmie Foxx, Jr., was an outstanding football player at Lakewood High School and at Kent State University."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "He played all three sports at Sudlersville High School."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Jimmie Foxx did well in school but excelled in sports, particularly soccer, track, and baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "He was still in his junior year of high school at the time."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Foxx dropped out of high school early to join a minor league team managed by former Philadelphia Athletics great Frank \"Home Run\" Baker."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Dell Foxx had played baseball for a town team when he was younger."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-baseball career",
"text": "Foxx worked as a minor league manager and coach after his playing days ended, including managing the Fort Wayne Daisies of the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League for one season in 1952."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Tom Hanks' character Jimmy Dugan in the movie"
},
{
"section_header": "Post-baseball career",
"text": "Foxx had a city baseball field named in his honor."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Foxx had hoped to pitch or play third base, but since the team was short on catchers, Foxx moved behind the plate."
}
] |
Jimmie Foxx discontinued his high school studies to play baseball.
| 1 | 5 |
Jimmie Foxx
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "His drawings appeared for the first time in Harper's Weekly on March 19, 1859, when he illustrated a report exposing police corruption; Nast was 18 years old at that point."
}
] |
hsg9Z4sAum3hGVHe8N8H
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Thomas Nast Prize",
"text": "The Thomas Nast Prize for editorial cartooning has been awarded by the Thomas Nast Foundation (located in Nast's birthplace of Landau, Germany) since 1978 when it was first given to Jeff MacNelly."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | After Harper's Weekly",
"text": "In 1890, Nast published Thomas Nast's Christmas Drawings for the Human Race."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Party politics",
"text": "Between 1877 and 1884, Nast's work appeared only sporadically in Harper's, which began publishing the milder political cartoons of William Allen Rogers."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "In February 1860, he went to England for the New York Illustrated News to depict one of the major sporting events of the era, the prize fight between the American John C. Heenan and the English Thomas Sayers sponsored by George Wilkes, publisher of Wilkes' Spirit of the Times."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Thomas Nast Prize",
"text": "The American advisory committee includes Nast's descendant Thomas Nast III of Fort Worth, Texas."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Party politics",
"text": "Nast's cartoons helped Cleveland become the first Democrat to be elected President since 1856."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Style and themes",
"text": "Nast also brought his approach to bear on the usually prosaic almanac business, publishing an annual Nast's Illustrated Almanac from 1871 to 1875."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "He had an older sister Andie; two other siblings had died before he was born."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | \"Nasty\"",
"text": "In reality, it has origins in Old French and Dutch, hundreds of years before he was born."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The Wall Street Journal reported that because of his stereotypical cartoons of the Irish, a number of objections were raised about Nast's work."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "His drawings appeared for the first time in Harper's Weekly on March 19, 1859, when he illustrated a report exposing police corruption; Nast was 18 years old at that point."
}
] |
Thomas Nast's work was first published before 1860.
| 2 | 3 |
Thomas Nast
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Vance died of a heart attack in 1961 in Homosassa Springs."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "His obituary in The Sporting News said that he had been under a doctor's care but that he was active and thought to be in relatively good health when he died."
}
] |
htOyjLbTie1BLdDSWRcd
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "A Dazzy Vance Day celebration was held in Brooklyn."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Vance died of a heart attack in 1961 in Homosassa Springs."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Charles Arthur \"Dazzy\" Vance (March 4, 1891 – February 16, 1961) was an American professional baseball player."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "His obituary in The Sporting News said that he had been under a doctor's care but that he was active and thought to be in relatively good health when he died."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He played semipro baseball there, then signed on with a minor league baseball team out of Red Cloud, Nebraska, a member of the Nebraska State League, in 1912."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After pitching for two other Nebraska State League teams in 1913 (Superior) and 1914 (Hastings Giants), Vance made a brief major league debut with the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1915 and appeared with the New York Yankees that year as well."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "In 1938, Vance became ill with pneumonia."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Born in Orient, Iowa, Vance spent most of his childhood in Nebraska."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Vance was discovered to have an arm injury in 1916 and was given medical treatment."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "Vance and DeBerry formed a successful battery during their tenure with Brooklyn."
}
] |
It was stated that Dazzy Vance was healthy when he died.
| 1 | 5 |
Dazzy Vance
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Elizabeth would have seven more children with Watkins, bearing a total of sixteen children."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was the seventh of nine children born to the Reverend John Clay and Elizabeth (née Hudson) Clay."
}
] |
htUSsAYbvkdbgZt8P8RA
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Marriage and family",
"text": "By 1835, all six daughters had died of varying causes, two when very young, two as children, and the last two as young mothers."
},
{
"section_header": "Speaker of the House | Monroe administration, 1817–1825 | 1824 presidential election",
"text": "Jackson was outraged by the election, and he and his supporters accused Clay and Adams of having reached a \"Corrupt Bargain."
},
{
"section_header": "Early law and political career | Legal career",
"text": "Having already passed the Virginia Bar, Clay quickly received a Kentucky license to practice law."
},
{
"section_header": "Later career | Taylor and Fillmore administrations, 1849–1852",
"text": "Having refused to campaign for Taylor, Clay played little role in the formation of Taylor's Cabinet or in determining the new administration's policies."
},
{
"section_header": "Speaker of the House | Monroe administration, 1817–1825 | 1824 presidential election",
"text": "Having led the passage of the Tariff of 1824 and the General Survey Act, Clay campaigned on his American System of high tariffs and federal spending on infrastructure."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Historical reputation",
"text": "Mississippi Senator Henry S. Foote stated his opinion that \"had there been one such man in the Congress of the United States as Henry Clay in 1860-'61"
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Monuments and memorials",
"text": "The United States Navy named a submarine, the USS Henry Clay, in his honor."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Henry Clay was born on April 12, 1777, at the Clay homestead in Hanover County, Virginia."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "However, the widow Elizabeth Clay married Captain Henry Watkins, who was an affectionate stepfather and a successful planter."
},
{
"section_header": "Marriage and family",
"text": "Henry Jr. was killed while commanding a regiment at the Battle of Buena Vista during the Mexican–American War."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Elizabeth would have seven more children with Watkins, bearing a total of sixteen children."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was the seventh of nine children born to the Reverend John Clay and Elizabeth (née Hudson) Clay."
}
] |
Henry Clay's mother had trouble conceiving and was lucky to have had him.
| 1 | 3 |
Henry Clay
|
Geography
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Exterior | Towers",
"text": "The Palace of Westminster has three main towers."
}
] |
htXoHQjYARIR5WWnHdqv
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Exterior | Towers",
"text": "The Clock Tower was designed by Augustus Pugin and built after his death."
},
{
"section_header": "Exterior | Towers",
"text": "The four quarter bells strike the Westminster Chimes every quarter-hour."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Old Palace",
"text": "St Edward the Confessor, the penultimate Anglo-Saxon monarch of England, built a royal palace on Thorney Island just west of the City of London at about the same time as he built Westminster Abbey (1045–1050)."
},
{
"section_header": "Exterior | Towers",
"text": "The Palace of Westminster has three main towers."
},
{
"section_header": "Exterior | Towers",
"text": "There are some other features of the Palace of Westminster which are also known as towers."
},
{
"section_header": "Exterior | Towers",
"text": "Originally known simply as the Clock Tower (the name Elizabeth Tower was conferred on it in 2012 to celebrate the Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II), it houses the Great Clock of Westminster, built by Edward John Dent on designs by amateur horologist Edmund Beckett Denison."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Old Palace",
"text": "Because it was originally a royal residence, the Palace included no purpose-built chambers for the two Houses."
},
{
"section_header": "Security | Incidents",
"text": "At the same time, it was also revealed that there were four fires on the Palace of Westminster site during 2019, and eight in 2018."
},
{
"section_header": "Exterior | Towers",
"text": "Originally named \"The King's Tower\" because the fire of 1834 which destroyed the old Palace of Westminster occurred during the reign of King William IV, the tower was an integral part of Barry's original design, of which he intended it to be the most memorable element."
},
{
"section_header": "Exterior",
"text": "Westminster Hall, which was built in the 11th century and survived the fire of 1834, was incorporated in Barry's design."
}
] |
Palace of Westminster is built with four towers.
| 2 | 5 |
Palace of Westminster
|
Geography
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Economy and labour law | Education and science",
"text": "At the end of primary school (or at the beginning of secondary school), pupils are separated according to their capacities in several (often three) sections."
}
] |
hto8b8XmFynaC000fxeS
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Politics",
"text": "The Swiss Parliament consists of two houses: the Council of States which has 46 representatives (two from each canton and one from each half-canton) who are elected under a system determined by each canton, and the National Council, which consists of 200 members who are elected under a system of proportional representation, depending on the population of each canton."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Languages",
"text": "Learning one of the other national languages at school is compulsory for all Swiss pupils, so many Swiss are supposed to be at least bilingual, especially those belonging to linguistic minority groups."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy and labour law | Education and science",
"text": "Education in Switzerland is very diverse because the constitution of Switzerland delegates the authority for the school system to the cantons."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy and labour law | Education and science",
"text": "There are both public and private schools, including many private international schools."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy and labour law | Education and science",
"text": "Primary school continues until grade four, five or six, depending on the school."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy and labour law | Education and science",
"text": "At the end of primary school (or at the beginning of secondary school), pupils are separated according to their capacities in several (often three) sections."
},
{
"section_header": "Politics | Cantons",
"text": "Each canton has its own constitution, and its own parliament, government, police and courts."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy and labour law | Education and science",
"text": "The minimum age for primary school is about six years in all cantons, but most cantons provide a free \"children's school\" starting at four or five years old."
},
{
"section_header": "Politics | Direct democracy",
"text": "Direct democracy and federalism are hallmarks of the Swiss political system."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy and labour law | Energy, infrastructure and environment",
"text": "Switzerland developed an efficient system to recycle most recyclable materials."
}
] |
Switerland's school system is designed to accommodate the learning style and speed of each child.
| 3 | 6 |
Switzerland
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Marriages",
"text": "Wonder has been married three times."
}
] |
huIxpFU30l0PJoAA51IQ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Other",
"text": "\"Wonder was introduced to Transcendental Meditation through his marriage to Syreeta Wright."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Marriages",
"text": "In October 2009, Wonder and Millard separated; Wonder filed for divorce in August 2012."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Marriages",
"text": "Wonder has been married three times."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and recognition | Honorary degrees",
"text": "Stevie Wonder has received many honorary degrees in recognition of his music career."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Marriages",
"text": "He was married to Motown singer-songwriter and frequent collaborator Syreeta Wright from 1970 until their amicable divorce in 1972."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Marriages",
"text": "From 2001 until 2012 he was married to fashion designer Kai Millard."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Marriages",
"text": "In 2017 he married Tomeeka Bracy."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1961–1969: Sixties singles",
"text": "Before signing, producer Clarence Paul gave him the name Little Stevie Wonder."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1970–1979: Seventies albums and classic period",
"text": "He also co-wrote and produced the Syreeta Wright album Stevie Wonder Presents: Syreeta."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1980–1990: Commercial period",
"text": "\"It's You\" with Stevie and a few songs of her own."
}
] |
Stevie Wonder has had 3 marriages.
| 0 | 0 |
Stevie Wonder
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Modern Dubai",
"text": "Large increases in oil prices after the Gulf War encouraged Dubai to continue to focus on free trade and tourism."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "The government's decision to diversify from a trade-based, oil-reliant economy to one that is service- and tourism-oriented made property more valuable, resulting in the property appreciation from 2004 to 2006."
}
] |
husIaRxQCxOJc3wt9jgA
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "One of the world's fastest growing economies, Dubai's gross domestic product is projected at US$107.1 billion, with a growth rate of 6.1% in 2014."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "Since it opened in September 2004, the Dubai IFC has attracted, as a regional hub, leading international firms and set-up the NASDAQ Dubai which lists equity, derivatives, structured products, Islamic bonds (sukuk) and other bonds."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Pre-oil Dubai",
"text": "The 1967 price of gold was $35 an ounce but its market price in India was $68 an ounce – a healthy markup."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Modern Dubai",
"text": "Large increases in oil prices after the Gulf War encouraged Dubai to continue to focus on free trade and tourism."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "The government's decision to diversify from a trade-based, oil-reliant economy to one that is service- and tourism-oriented made property more valuable, resulting in the property appreciation from 2004 to 2006."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "Dubai is also known as the City of Gold because a major part of the economy is based on gold trades, with Dubai's total gold trading volumes in H1 2011 reaching 580 tonnes, with an average price of US$1,455 per troy ounce."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "The AED 4 billion first phase of the project will be complete by January 2015.In September 2019, Dubai's ruler Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum ordered to establish the Higher Committee for Real Estate Planning to study and evaluate future real estate construction projects, in ordered to achieve a balance between supply and demand, which is seen as a move to curb the pace of construction projects following property prices fall."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Pre-oil Dubai",
"text": "The water company (Sheikh Rashid was Chairman and majority shareholder) constructed a pipeline from wells at Awir and a series of storage tanks and, by 1968, Dubai had a reliable supply of piped water."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "It enables a range of companies, including UAE and regional small and medium-sized enterprises, to trade on an exchange with an international brand name, with access by both regional and international investors."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture | Dubai Miracle Garden",
"text": "During the summer seasons from late May to September when the climate can get extremely hot with an average high of about 40 °C (104 °F), the garden stays closed."
}
] |
The price of energy products caused Dubai to stay dependent on regional oil supplies for its economy.
| 0 | 0 |
Dubai
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge\" (1890) is a short story by the American writer and Civil War veteran Ambrose Bierce."
}
] |
hv8WddrCa7e0LQBGRAzo
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "In one scene, one of the main characters briefly tells his fellow soldiers about \"An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge\", implying that they may be going trough a similar situation."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Other",
"text": "An Occurrence Remembered, a theatrical retelling of Bierce's An Occurrence At Owl Creek Bridge and Chickamauga, premiered in the fall of 2001 in New York City under the direction of Lorin Morgan-Richards and lead choreographer Nicole Cavaliere."
},
{
"section_header": "Stories with similar structure",
"text": "A particularly strong inspiration for the 1990 film Jacob's Ladder, for both Bruce Joel Rubin and Adrian Lyne, was Robert Enrico's 1962 short film An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge, one of Lyne's favourite movies."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "It is a somber outlaw ballad that was inspired by the story \"An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Other",
"text": "Scottish composer Thea Musgrave composed a one-act opera, An Occurrence at Owl Street Bridge, which was broadcast by the BBC in 1981."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Radio",
"text": "In 1936, the radio series The Columbia Workshop broadcast an adaptation of \"An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Movies, television, and videos",
"text": "La rivière du hibou (\"The Owl River\", known in English as An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge), a French version directed by Robert Enrico and produced by Marcel Ichac and Paul de Roubaix, was released in 1963."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Movies, television, and videos",
"text": "\"Dyin' Ain't Much Of A Livin',\" the Owl Creek Bridge story is featured."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge\" (1890) is a short story by the American writer and Civil War veteran Ambrose Bierce."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Movies, television, and videos",
"text": "The 2011 Grouplove music video \"Colours\" also retells the Owl Creek Bridge story."
}
] |
An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge is a movie about Peyton Richards, a Vietnam vet, who goes on a hiking expedition in the mountains of the Appalachia.
| 0 | 0 |
An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Simón José Antonio de la Santísima Trinidad"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Bolívar y Palacios Ponte-Andrade y Blanco (24 July 1783 – 17 December 1830), generally known as Simón Bolívar (Spanish: [siˈmom boˈliβaɾ] (listen), English: BOL-"
}
] |
hvT5ZkUFFf27E625YO3s
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Monuments and physical legacy",
"text": "The Bolivar Peninsula in Texas, Bolivar County, Mississippi, Bolivar, New York, Bolivar, West Virginia and Bolivar, Tennessee are also named in his honor."
},
{
"section_header": "Political and military career | Consolidation of independence, 1825–1830 | Struggles inside Gran Colombia",
"text": "Santander, who had known in advance of the conspiracy and had not directly opposed it because of his differences with Bolivar, was condemned to death."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Monuments and physical legacy",
"text": "Monuments to Bolívar's military legacy also comprise one of Venezuelan Navy's sail training barques, which is named after him, and the USS Simon Bolivar, a Benjamin Franklin-class fleet ballistic missile submarine which served with the U.S. Navy between 1965 and 1995."
},
{
"section_header": "Political and military career | Ecuador and Peru, 1822–1825",
"text": "The Peruvian congress named him dictator of Peru on 10 February 1824, which allowed Bolívar to reorganize completely the political and military administration."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Childhood",
"text": "When Bolívar was an infant, he was cared for by Doña Ines Manceba de Miyares and the family's slave, Hipólita."
},
{
"section_header": "Private life | Marriage",
"text": "; I loved my wife dearly, and her death made me swear not to get married again, and I kept my word."
},
{
"section_header": "Political and military career | Ecuador and Peru, 1822–1825",
"text": "Thereafter, Bolívar took over the task of fully liberating Peru."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Youth",
"text": "Back in Europe in 1804, he lived in France and traveled to different countries."
},
{
"section_header": "Private life | Marriage",
"text": "Indeed, in 1828, he told Luis Perú de Lacroix the following words: You then [...] got married at the age of 45; [...]"
},
{
"section_header": "Political and military career | Consolidation of independence, 1825–1830 | Struggles inside Gran Colombia",
"text": "Bolivar, though, commuted the sentence."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Simón José Antonio de la Santísima Trinidad"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Bolívar y Palacios Ponte-Andrade y Blanco (24 July 1783 – 17 December 1830), generally known as Simón Bolívar (Spanish: [siˈmom boˈliβaɾ] (listen), English: BOL-"
}
] |
Simon Bolivar really has over 10 different words in his full name.
| 0 | 0 |
Simon Bolivar
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Kublai Khan was the fourth son of Tolui, and his second son with Sorghaghtani Beki."
}
] |
hvVBHTcXYHPcgxZOCpsX
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Wives, concubines, and children",
"text": "Kublai and his wives' children included: Dorji, the director of the Secretariat and head of the Bureau of Military Affairs from 1263, but was sickly and died young."
},
{
"section_header": "Wives, concubines, and children",
"text": "Zhenjin, father of Temür Khan, Kublai's successor."
},
{
"section_header": "Victory in North China",
"text": "One wing rode eastward into the Sichuan basin."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Kubilay is a name seldom given to children in Turkey."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Great Khan of the Mongols",
"text": "In 1260, Kublai sent one of his advisors, Hao Ching, to the court of Emperor Lizong of Song to say that if Lizong submitted to Kublai and surrender his dynasty, he would be granted some autonomy."
},
{
"section_header": "Warfare and foreign relations | Invasions of Japan",
"text": "In October 2011, a wreck, possibly one of Kublai's invasion craft, was found off the coast of Nagasaki."
},
{
"section_header": "Wives, concubines, and children",
"text": "In the 13th century, Marco Polo recorded that Kublai had four wives and a great number of concubines."
},
{
"section_header": "Wives, concubines, and children",
"text": "Kublai first married Tegulen but she died very early."
},
{
"section_header": "Wives, concubines, and children",
"text": "Then he married Chabi of the Khongirad, who was his most beloved empress."
},
{
"section_header": "Wives, concubines, and children",
"text": "After Chabi's death in 1281, Kublai married Chabi's young cousin, Nambui, presumably in accordance with Chabi's wish."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Kublai Khan was the fourth son of Tolui, and his second son with Sorghaghtani Beki."
}
] |
Khan was one of seven children.
| 0 | 0 |
Kublai Khan
|
Geography
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Tourism",
"text": "For security reasons the palace can only be visited during a 35-minute guided tour, and no photography is allowed inside the castle."
},
{
"section_header": "Tourism",
"text": "In the peak season from June until August, Neuschwanstein has as many as 6,000 visitors per day, and guests without advance reservation may have to wait several hours."
}
] |
hvb3c395JGNDGtLT8ZIL
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Construction",
"text": "At the end of 1882 it was completed and fully furnished, allowing Ludwig to take provisional lodgings there and observe the ongoing construction work."
},
{
"section_header": "Tourism",
"text": "For security reasons the palace can only be visited during a 35-minute guided tour, and no photography is allowed inside the castle."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture | Exterior",
"text": "The courtyard has two levels, the lower one being defined to the east by the Gatehouse and to the north by the foundations of the so-called Rectangular Tower and by the gallery building."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture | Interior",
"text": "Among other things it had a battery-powered bell system for the servants and telephone lines."
},
{
"section_header": "Tourism",
"text": "There are also special guided tours that focus on specific topics."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Simplified completion",
"text": "Nearby Hohenschwangau Castle fell to the Wittelsbacher Ausgleichsfonds, whose revenues go to the House of Wittelsbach."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Simplified completion",
"text": "At the time of King Ludwig's death the palace was far from complete."
},
{
"section_header": "Tourism",
"text": "In the peak season from June until August, Neuschwanstein has as many as 6,000 visitors per day, and guests without advance reservation may have to wait several hours."
},
{
"section_header": "Location",
"text": "One was called Schwanstein Castle."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Simplified completion",
"text": "Initially the visitors were allowed to move freely in the palace, causing the furniture to wear quickly."
}
] |
If you don't get things settled ahead of time, it can take hours to be allowed to go on a half-hour tour.
| 1 | 3 |
Neuschwanstein Castle
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Philanthropy",
"text": "Cena has granted over 500 wishes for children with life-threatening illnesses through the Make-A-Wish Foundation—the most in Make-A-Wish history."
}
] |
hwF3d2yislXNMNHF3gct
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "John Felix Anthony Cena Jr. was born on April 23, 1977, in West Newbury, Massachusetts, the son of Carol (née Lupien) and John Felix Anthony Cena."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "John Felix Anthony Cena Jr. (; born April 23, 1977) is an American professional wrestler, actor, rapper, and television presenter."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Considered to be one of the greatest professional wrestlers of all time by his peers, and noted for his strong work ethic, Cena has nevertheless met with varied critical and fan reception during his career."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | Guest appearances",
"text": "three times. He has also appeared on morning radio shows including the CBS and XM versions of Opie and Anthony as part of their \"walkover\" on October 10, 2006."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional wrestling style and persona | Legacy",
"text": "Cena has been called the greatest professional wrestler of all time by his peers Kurt Angle and John \"Bradshaw\" Layfield, as well as by veteran industry personality Paul Heyman."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Philanthropy",
"text": "Cena has granted over 500 wishes for children with life-threatening illnesses through the Make-A-Wish Foundation—the most in Make-A-Wish history."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Philanthropy",
"text": "Cena made a $1 million donation to Black Lives Matter in June of 2020 as part of the #MatchAMillion initiative made popular by k-pop band, BTS."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "\"It's John Cena\". Cena resides in Land O' Lakes, Florida."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He has been praised for his character work and promotion skills but criticized for his supposed over-representation and victories over rising stars, which are deemed \"burials\"."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "In mid-2015, Cena was the subject of the Internet meme \"Unexpected John Cena\", also known as simply \"Unexpected Cena\" or"
}
] |
John Felix Anthony Cena Jr. donates his time to critically ill kills.
| 0 | 0 |
John Cena
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Works",
"text": "\"Some speculate that Joplin's achievements were influenced by his classically trained German music teacher Julius Weiss, who may have brought a polka rhythmic sensibility from the old country to the 11-year old Joplin."
}
] |
hwGaUipl39lecxrRXn8I
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Scott Joplin (c. 1868 – April 1, 1917) was an African-American composer and pianist."
},
{
"section_header": "Life in Missouri",
"text": "By 1903 the Joplins had moved to a 13-room house, renting some of the rooms to lodgers which included pianist-composers Arthur Marshall and Scott Hayden."
},
{
"section_header": "Revival",
"text": "Audiophile Records released a two-record set, The Complete Piano Works of Scott Joplin, The Greatest of Ragtime Composers, performed by Knocky Parker, in 1970.In 1968, Bolcom and Albright interested Joshua Rifkin, a young musicologist, in the body of Joplin's work."
},
{
"section_header": "Life in the southern states and Chicago",
"text": "However, Joplin soon learned that there were few opportunities for black pianists."
},
{
"section_header": "Life in Missouri",
"text": "Joplin did not work as a pianist in the saloons in St Louis, which was usually a major source of income for musicians, as he was \"probably outclassed by the competition\" and was, according to Stark's son, \"a mediocre pianist\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Works | Performance skills",
"text": "However, the son of publisher John Stark stated that Joplin was a rather mediocre pianist and that he composed on paper, rather than at the piano."
},
{
"section_header": "Life in Missouri",
"text": "About this time, Joplin collaborated with Scott Hayden in the composition of four rags."
},
{
"section_header": "Life in Missouri",
"text": "In 1899, Joplin married Belle the sister-in-law of collaborator Scott Hayden."
},
{
"section_header": "Later years and death",
"text": "Scott writes that \"after a disastrous single performance ... Joplin suffered a breakdown."
},
{
"section_header": "Life in Missouri",
"text": "Biographer Berlin speculated that by 1903 Joplin was already showing early signs of syphilis which negatively affected his coordination and \"pianistic skills\" ."
},
{
"section_header": "Works",
"text": "\"Some speculate that Joplin's achievements were influenced by his classically trained German music teacher Julius Weiss, who may have brought a polka rhythmic sensibility from the old country to the 11-year old Joplin."
}
] |
Scott Joplin was a completely self-taught pianist.
| 0 | 0 |
Scott Joplin
|
Popular Culture
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Deer Hunter is a 1978 American epic war drama film co-written and directed by Michael Cimino about a trio of steelworkers whose lives were changed forever after fighting in the Vietnam War."
}
] |
hwl1phtjxKFrRx1xQ3fX
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "Christopher Walken as Cpl. Nikanor \"Nick\" Chevotarevich."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "Robert De Niro as SSG Michael \"Mike\" Vronsky."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Honors and recognition",
"text": "De Niro holds it together, but Christopher Walken, Meryl Streep and John Savage are unforgettable."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "The consensus reads: \"Its greatness is blunted by its length and one-sided point of view, but the film's weaknesses are overpowered by Michael Cimino's sympathetic direction and a series of heartbreaking performances from Robert De Niro, Meryl Streep, and Christopher Walken\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "Meryl Streep as Linda. Prior to The Deer Hunter, Streep was seen briefly in Fred Zinnemann's Julia (1977) and the eight-hour miniseries Holocaust (1978)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Deer Hunter is a 1978 American epic war drama film co-written and directed by Michael Cimino about a trio of steelworkers whose lives were changed forever after fighting in the Vietnam War."
},
{
"section_header": "Home media",
"text": "The Region 2 version of The Deer Hunter, released in the UK and Japan, features a commentary track from director Michael Cimino."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The three soldiers are played by Robert De Niro, Christopher Walken, and John Savage, with John Cazale (in his final role), Meryl Streep, and George Dzundza playing supporting roles."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-production",
"text": "Regarding the clashes between him and Cimino, Zinner stated: \"Michael Cimino"
},
{
"section_header": "Pre-production",
"text": "Director and co-writer Michael Cimino, writer Deric Washburn, and producers Barry Spikings and Michael Deeley all have different versions of how the film came to be."
}
] |
The 1978 film The Deer Hunter starred Christopher Walken as Cpl. Nikanor "Nick" Chevotarevich, Michael Cimino as SSG Michael "Mike" Vronsky and Meryl Streep as Angela Ludhjduravic-Pushkov.
| 3 | 6 |
The Deer Hunter
|
Science
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Moons",
"text": "In modern Greek, the planet retains its ancient name Ares (Aris: Άρης).From"
}
] |
hxFSmqREzXf58D3SSGQF
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "In culture",
"text": "Mars is named after the Roman god of war."
},
{
"section_header": "Names",
"text": "In English, the planet is named for the Roman god of war, an association made because of its red color, which suggests blood."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In English, Mars carries the name of the Roman god of war and is often referred to as the \"Red Planet\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Moons",
"text": "Both satellites were discovered in 1877 by Asaph Hall; they are named after the characters Phobos (panic/fear) and Deimos (terror/dread), who, in Greek mythology, accompanied their father Ares, god of war, into battle."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical observations | Ancient and medieval observations",
"text": "The ancient Sumerians believed that Mars was Nergal, the god of war and plague."
},
{
"section_header": "Names",
"text": "Mars' is also the basis of the name of the month of March (from Latin Martius mēnsis 'month of Mars'), as well as (through loan-translation) of Tuesday (Latin dies Martis 'day of Mars'), where the old Anglo-Saxon god Tíw was identified with Roman Mars."
},
{
"section_header": "Names",
"text": "In Greek, the planet is known as Ἄρης Arēs, with the inflectional root Ἄρε-"
},
{
"section_header": "In culture | Intelligent \"Martians\"",
"text": "That was all. Now the story has gone the world over."
},
{
"section_header": "Moons",
"text": "In modern Greek, the planet retains its ancient name Ares (Aris: Άρης).From"
},
{
"section_header": "Moons",
"text": "Mars was the Roman counterpart of Ares."
}
] |
Mars is now universally named after the Roman, not the Greek, god of war.
| 2 | 4 |
Mars
|
Popular Culture
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Pre-production | Location scouting",
"text": "Permission was eventually granted to the Bond production crew; the production ultimately did not shoot in India."
}
] |
hxklN6nOcIu2HsHlAB4T
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Pre-production | Location scouting",
"text": "With the film moving into pre-production in August, reports emerged that shooting would take place in India, with scenes to be shot in the Sarojini Nagar district of New Delhi and on railway lines between Goa and Ahmedabad."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Pre-production | Location scouting",
"text": "The production crew faced complications in securing permission to close sections of the Konkan Railway."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Mendes confirmed that China would feature in the film, with shooting scheduled for Shanghai and \"other parts\" of the country."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Pre-production | Location scouting",
"text": "Similar problems in obtaining filming permits were encountered by production crews for The Dark Knight Rises and Mission: Impossible – Ghost Protocol."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Pre-production | Location scouting",
"text": "Permission was eventually granted to the Bond production crew; the production ultimately did not shoot in India."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Mendes explained that the shots were a hybrid of set and computer-generated images."
},
{
"section_header": "Release and reception | Box office",
"text": "Skyfall set an opening weekend record in Switzerland ($5.3 million) and recorded the second-largest opening weekend of the year for a Hollywood film in India after The Amazing Spider-Man ($5.1 million), as well as grossing $14.3 million on its opening weekend in France."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Filming began in November 2011, primarily in the United Kingdom, with smaller portions shot in China and Turkey."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "As Bond and Patrice fight atop a moving train, M orders Moneypenny to shoot Patrice, despite not having a clear shot; Moneypenny inadvertently hits Bond, who falls into a river."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Scenes were shot in Underground stations, Smithfield car park in West Smithfield, the National Gallery, Southwark, Whitehall, Parliament Square, Charing Cross station, the Old Royal Naval College in Greenwich, Cadogan Square and Tower Hill."
}
] |
Skyfall was shot in India, but not after overcoming complications with permits from the country.
| 1 | 5 |
Skyfall
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "John Cabot (Italian: Giovanni Caboto [dʒoˈvanni kaˈbɔːto]; c. 1450 – c. 1500) was an Italian navigator and explorer."
}
] |
hxqeolW1SrO1qoHQX7KE
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy and honors",
"text": "John Cabot University is a United States-affiliated university established in 1972 in Rome, Italy."
},
{
"section_header": "Name and origins",
"text": "Cabot was born in Italy, the son of Giulio Caboto and his wife; he had a brother Piero."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and honors",
"text": "John Cabot Academy is an independent school in Bristol, England."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and honors",
"text": "John Cabot Catholic Secondary School in Mississauga, Ontario"
},
{
"section_header": "Name and origins",
"text": "Cabot is known today as Giovanni Caboto in Italian, as Zuan Chabotto in Venetian, and as John Cabot in English."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "\"Zuan Cabotto\" (i.e. John Cabot) is mentioned in a variety of Venetian records of the late 1480s."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "While in Valencia, \"John Cabot Montecalunya\" (as he is referred to in local documents) proposed plans for improvements to the harbour."
},
{
"section_header": "Expeditions | Final voyage",
"text": "These appear to place John Cabot in London by May 1500, albeit Jones and Condon have yet to publish their documentation."
},
{
"section_header": "Name and origins",
"text": "In Venice Cabot signed his names as \"Zuan Chabotto\", Zuan being a form of John typical to Venice."
},
{
"section_header": "Sponsorship",
"text": "On 5 March 1496 Henry VII gave Cabot and his three sons letters patent with the following charge for exploration: ... free authority, faculty and power to sail to all parts, regions and coasts of the eastern, western and northern sea, under our banners, flags and ensigns, with five ships or vessels of whatsoever burden and quality"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "John Cabot (Italian: Giovanni Caboto [dʒoˈvanni kaˈbɔːto]; c. 1450 – c. 1500) was an Italian navigator and explorer."
}
] |
John Cabot is an actor who starred in many westerns filmed in Italy.
| 0 | 3 |
John Cabot
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Hartford Convention was a series of meetings from December 15, 1814 to January 5, 1815, in Hartford, Connecticut, United States, in which the New England Federalist Party met to discuss their grievances concerning the ongoing War of 1812 and the political problems arising from the federal government's increasing power."
}
] |
hyUrduA0uo3f9bF06YQM
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Background | Opposition to the War of 1812",
"text": "New Englanders were reluctant to have their militia, needed to defend their coasts from British attacks, assigned elsewhere or placed under the command of the regular army."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | Secession",
"text": "Despite this, the Madison administration had reasons to be concerned about the consequences of the Hartford Convention."
},
{
"section_header": "Convention report",
"text": "The Hartford Convention's final report proposed several amendments to the U.S. Constitution."
},
{
"section_header": "Call for a convention",
"text": "On December 15, 1814 the delegates met in the Connecticut Senate's chamber at the Old State House in Hartford."
},
{
"section_header": "Call for a convention",
"text": "Otis' report was passed by the state senate on October 12 by a 22 to 12 vote and the house on October 16 by 260 to 20.A letter was sent to the other New England governors, inviting them to send delegates to a convention in Hartford, Connecticut."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | Opposition to the War of 1812",
"text": "Harrison Gray Otis, who inspired these measures, suggested that the eastern states meet at a convention in Hartford, Connecticut."
},
{
"section_header": "Negative reception and legacy",
"text": "They quickly returned home. Thereafter, both Hartford Convention and Federalist Party became synonymous with disunion, secession, and treason, especially in the South."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Hartford Convention was a series of meetings from December 15, 1814 to January 5, 1815, in Hartford, Connecticut, United States, in which the New England Federalist Party met to discuss their grievances concerning the ongoing War of 1812 and the political problems arising from the federal government's increasing power."
},
{
"section_header": "Negative reception and legacy",
"text": "Historian Samuel Eliot Morison rejected the notion that the Hartford convention was an attempt to take New England out of the Union and give treasonous aid and comfort to Britain."
},
{
"section_header": "Negative reception and legacy",
"text": "Hartford delegates intended for them to embarrass the President and the Democratic-Republicans in Congress—and also to serve as a basis for negotiations between New England and the rest of the country."
}
] |
The Hartford Convention did happen in the East Coast.
| 0 | 0 |
Hartford Convention
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Design | Material",
"text": "The puddled iron (wrought iron) of the Eiffel Tower weighs 7,300 tons, and the addition of lifts, shops and antennae have brought the total weight to approximately 10,100 tons."
}
] |
hyaC3OO0OfTQYZchtFOI
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Design | Material",
"text": "Additionally, a cubic box surrounding the tower (324 m x 125 m x 125 m) would contain 6,200 tons of air, weighing almost as much as the iron itself."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Material",
"text": "The puddled iron (wrought iron) of the Eiffel Tower weighs 7,300 tons, and the addition of lifts, shops and antennae have brought the total weight to approximately 10,100 tons."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Material",
"text": "As a demonstration of the economy of design, if the 7,300 tons of metal in the structure were melted down, it would fill the square base, 125 metres (410 ft) on each side, to a depth of only 6.25 cm (2.46 in) assuming the density of the metal to be 7.8 tons per cubic metre."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Eiffel Tower ( EYE-fəl; French: tour Eiffel [tuʁ‿ɛfɛl] (listen)) is a wrought-iron lattice tower on the Champ de Mars in Paris, France."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Maintenance",
"text": "Maintenance of the tower includes applying 60 tons of paint every seven years to prevent it from rusting."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Construction | Lifts",
"text": "The 10-ton cars each held 65 passengers."
},
{
"section_header": "Taller structures",
"text": "The Eiffel Tower was the world's tallest structure when completed in 1889, a distinction it retained until 1929 when the Chrysler Building in New York City was topped out."
},
{
"section_header": "Taller structures",
"text": "The tower also lost its standing as the world's tallest tower to the Tokyo Tower in 1958 but retains its status as the tallest freestanding (non-guyed) structure in France."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Inauguration and the 1889 exposition",
"text": "Eiffel made use of his apartment at the top of the tower to carry out meteorological observations, and also used the tower to perform experiments on the action of air resistance on falling bodies."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Wind considerations",
"text": "All parts of the tower were over-designed to ensure maximum resistance to wind forces."
}
] |
The wrought iron structure part of the Eiffel Tower weighs less than 7,500 tons while the cubic box surrounding the tower contains 6,200 tons of air.
| 1 | 1 |
Eiffel Tower
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In electronics and electromagnetism, the electrical resistance of an object is a measure of its opposition to the flow of electric current."
}
] |
hyq9WNeCyHeNeszKEzcW
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Measuring resistance",
"text": "Simple ohmmeters cannot measure low resistances accurately because the resistance of their measuring leads causes a voltage drop that interferes with the measurement, so more accurate devices use four-terminal sensing."
},
{
"section_header": "Measuring resistance",
"text": "See below. An instrument for measuring resistance is called an ohmmeter."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In electronics and electromagnetism, the electrical resistance of an object is a measure of its opposition to the flow of electric current."
},
{
"section_header": "Relation to resistivity and conductivity",
"text": "Resistivity is a measure of the material's ability to oppose electric current."
},
{
"section_header": "Relation to resistivity and conductivity",
"text": "{A}},\\\\[5pt]G&=\\sigma {\\frac {A}{\\ell }}.\\end{aligned}}} where ℓ {\\displaystyle \\ell } is the length of the conductor, measured in metres (m) , A is the cross-sectional area of the conductor measured in square metres (m²), σ (sigma) is the electrical conductivity measured in siemens per meter (S·m−1), and ρ (rho) is the electrical resistivity (also called specific electrical resistance) of the material, measured in ohm-metres (Ω·m)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The SI unit of electrical resistance is the ohm (Ω), while electrical conductance is measured in siemens (S) (formerly called “mho”s and then represented by ℧)."
},
{
"section_header": "Dependence of resistance on other conditions | Temperature dependence",
"text": "First, they can be used as thermometers: By measuring the resistance, the temperature of the environment can be inferred."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "All objects resist electrical current, except for superconductors, which have a resistance of zero."
},
{
"section_header": "Dependence of resistance on other conditions | Temperature dependence",
"text": "The parameter α {\\displaystyle \\alpha } is an empirical parameter fitted from measurement data."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Objects made of electrical insulators like rubber tend to have very high resistance and low conductivity, while objects made of electrical conductors like metals tend to have very low resistance and high conductivity."
}
] |
Electrical resistance can be measured by measuring the height of an object.
| 0 | 0 |
Electrical resistance
|
Technology
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Features | Features for businesses",
"text": "The system has led to criticisms that business owners can bribe reviewers with free food or discounts to increase their rating, though Yelp users say this rarely occurs."
}
] |
hzhC2fHqiRH2wU1Gr0EQ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Company history (2004–present) | Private company (2009–2012)",
"text": "In a January 2014 agreement, Google was not subject to anti-trust litigation from the FTC, but did have to allow services like Yelp the ability to opt out of having their data scraped and used on Google's websites."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Features for businesses",
"text": "Businesses can also offer discounts to Yelp users that visit often using a Yelp \"check in\" feature."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Features for businesses",
"text": "Yelp added the ability for business owners to respond to reviews in 2008."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversy and litigation | Alleged unfair business practices",
"text": "In response to the criticism of their allowing their advertising partners to manipulate the review listing, Yelp ceased its \"featured review\" practice in 2010.Several lawsuits have been filed against Yelp accusing it of extorting businesses into buying advertising products."
},
{
"section_header": "Features",
"text": "In 2013, features to have food ordered and delivered were added to Yelp as well as the ability to view hygiene inspection scores and make appointments at spas."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Features for businesses",
"text": "In 2014, Yelp released an app for business owners to respond to reviews and manage their profiles from a mobile device."
},
{
"section_header": "Company history (2004–present) | Public entity (2012–present)",
"text": "Later that year Yelp began experimenting in San Francisco with consumer alerts that were added to pages about restaurants with poor hygiene scores in government inspections."
},
{
"section_header": "Community",
"text": "According to Inc. Magazine most reviewers (sometimes called \"Yelpers\") are \"well-intentioned\" and write reviews in order to express themselves, improve their writing, or to be creative."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversy and litigation | Alleged unfair business practices",
"text": "Many business owners have said that Yelp salespeople have offered to remove or suppress negative reviews if they purchase advertising."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The company has been accused of using unfair practices to raise revenue from the businesses that are reviewed on its site – e.g., by presenting more negative review information for companies that do not purchase its advertising services or by prominently featuring advertisements of the competitors of such non-paying companies or conversely by excluding negative reviews from companies’ overall rating on the basis that the reviews “are not currently recommended.”"
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Features for businesses",
"text": "The system has led to criticisms that business owners can bribe reviewers with free food or discounts to increase their rating, though Yelp users say this rarely occurs."
}
] |
Business owners using Yelp have been accused of gamemanship in improving their scores.
| 2 | 5 |
Yelp
|
Popular Culture
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Colin Firth plays the future King George VI who, to cope with a stammer, sees Lionel Logue, an Australian speech and language therapist played by Geoffrey Rush."
}
] |
i00aS9wPYXZ3TdMMrfpt
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Lionel is summoned to Buckingham Palace to prepare the king for his speech."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "It said that, though the film swept British appeasement under the carpet, it was still enjoyable."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Richard Corliss of Time magazine named Colin Firth's performance one of the Top 10 Movie Performances of 2010.The"
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Cinema release",
"text": "The film was released in France on 2 February 2011, under the title Le discours d'un"
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "The Guardian said that it was one of the biggest takes in recent memory, and compared it to Slumdog Millionaire (2008), which, two years earlier, earned £1.5 million less."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "King George VI's success in overcoming his stammer inspired the young Seidler, \"Here was a stutterer who was a king and had to give radio speeches where everyone was listening to every syllable he uttered, and yet did so with passion and intensity."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Ratings controversy",
"text": "Following Hooper's criticism, the board lowered the rating to \"12A\", allowing children under 12 years of age to see the film if they are accompanied by an adult."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Colin Firth plays the future King George VI who, to cope with a stammer, sees Lionel Logue, an Australian speech and language therapist played by Geoffrey Rush."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy",
"text": "The visual blog Information is Beautiful deduced that, while taking creative licence into account, the film was 74.4% accurate when compared to real-life events, summarizing: \"Some nips and tucks of the historical record, but mostly an accurate retelling of a unique friendship\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Ratings controversy",
"text": "Hooper levelled the same criticism at the Motion Picture Association of America, which gave the film an \"R\" rating, preventing anyone under the age of 17 from seeing the film without an adult."
}
] |
In this movie the king take lessons under a speech teacher.
| 2 | 4 |
The King's Speech
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Salvador Guillermo Allende Gossens (US: , UK: , American Spanish: [salβaˈðoɾ ɣiˈʝeɾmo aˈʝende ˈɣosens]; 26 June 1908 – 11 September 1973) was a Chilean physician and socialist politician, who served as the 28th President of Chile from 3 November 1970 until his death on 11 September 1973."
}
] |
i1MNIHZ6vZiLvpfZ8bAn
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Coup | Death",
"text": "Spanish expert Francisco Etxeberria said: \"We have absolutely no doubt\" that Allende committed suicide."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Salvador Guillermo Allende Gossens (US: , UK: , American Spanish: [salβaˈðoɾ ɣiˈʝeɾmo aˈʝende ˈɣosens]; 26 June 1908 – 11 September 1973) was a Chilean physician and socialist politician, who served as the 28th President of Chile from 3 November 1970 until his death on 11 September 1973."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Salvador Allende was of Basque and Belgian (Walloons) descent."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was the son of Salvador Allende Castro and Laura Gossens Uribe."
},
{
"section_header": "Memorials",
"text": "The Salvador Allende Port is located near downtown Managua."
},
{
"section_header": "Memorials",
"text": "There is an avenue (Salvador Allende Straße) and a nearby bridge in Berlin, Germany named after him."
},
{
"section_header": "Memorials",
"text": "There is a square named after him in Viladecans, near Barcelona, called Plaza de Salvador Allende."
},
{
"section_header": "Coup | Death",
"text": "In a post-junta Chile where restrictions on free speech were steadily eroding, independent and seemingly reliable witnesses at last began to tell their stories to the news media and to human rights researchers."
},
{
"section_header": "Coup | Death",
"text": "Several examples of pre-2011 speculation are shown below or on the Wikipedia page regarding the Death of Salvador Allende."
},
{
"section_header": "Family",
"text": "Well-known relatives of Salvador Allende include his daughter Isabel Allende Bussi (a politician) and his first cousin once removed Isabel Allende Llona (a writer)."
}
] |
Salvador Allende was a Spanish psychologist that defined the thinking pattern of humans in a confinement to an orca whale's captivity.
| 1 | 3 |
Salvador Allende
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Impact on imperial powers and imperial ambitions | British Empire",
"text": "India already contributed significantly to the war effort by sending over 2.5 million men, then the largest volunteer force in the world, to fight for the Allies, mostly in West Asia and North Africa."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact on imperial powers and imperial ambitions",
"text": "\" With a war that could be won only with the help of those allies, Roosevelt's solution was to put some pressure on Britain but to postpone until after the war the issue of self-determination of the colonies."
}
] |
i2feaYtNtVcM2detHN8L
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Origin",
"text": "The policy was issued as a statement; as such there was no formal, legal document entitled \"The Atlantic Charter\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact on imperial powers and imperial ambitions | British Empire",
"text": "Churchill rejected its universal applicability when it came to the self-determination of subject nations such as British India."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact on imperial powers and imperial ambitions | British Empire",
"text": "The British were forced to agree to these aims but in a September 1941 speech, Churchill stated that the Charter was meant to apply only to states under German occupation, certainly not to the countries that were part of the British Empire."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact on imperial powers and imperial ambitions | Baltic states",
"text": "Lord Beaverbrook warned that the Atlantic Charter \"would be a menace to our [Britain's] own safety as well as to that of the Soviet Union."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact on imperial powers and imperial ambitions | British Empire",
"text": "Mahatma Gandhi in 1942 wrote to Roosevelt: \"I venture to think that the Allied declaration that the Allies are fighting to make the world safe for the freedom of the individual and for democracy sounds hollow so long as India and for that matter Africa are exploited by Great Britain....\" While self-determination was Roosevelt's guiding principle, he was reluctant to place pressure on the British in regard to India and other colonial possessions, as they were fighting for their lives in a war that the United States was not officially participating."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The dismantling of the British Empire, the formation of NATO, and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) all derive from the Atlantic Charter."
},
{
"section_header": "Origin of name",
"text": "Churchill's account of the Yalta Conference quoted Roosevelt saying of the unwritten British constitution that \"it was like the Atlantic Charter –"
},
{
"section_header": "Acceptance by Inter-Allied Council and by United Nations",
"text": "Among his papers he had found one copy signed by himself and me, but strange to say both signatures were in his own handwriting.\" The Allied nations and leading organizations quickly and widely endorsed the charter."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "\" Peace Planning and the Atlantic Charter\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact on imperial powers and imperial ambitions",
"text": "However, Roosevelt's speechwriter, Robert E. Sherwood, noted that \"it was not long before the people of India, Burma, Malaya, and Indonesia were beginning to ask if the Atlantic Charter extended also to the Pacific and to Asia in general."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact on imperial powers and imperial ambitions | British Empire",
"text": "India already contributed significantly to the war effort by sending over 2.5 million men, then the largest volunteer force in the world, to fight for the Allies, mostly in West Asia and North Africa."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact on imperial powers and imperial ambitions",
"text": "\" With a war that could be won only with the help of those allies, Roosevelt's solution was to put some pressure on Britain but to postpone until after the war the issue of self-determination of the colonies."
}
] |
The British would not even temporarily cease their imperialism and respect the Atlantic charter in order to keep important European/Asian allies, who abandoned them because of such.
| 0 | 0 |
Atlantic Charter
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was selected as an All-Star every year between 1933 and 1939."
}
] |
i2uznHm988wyQlPCUqrN
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Gomez was a five-time World Series champion with the Yankees."
},
{
"section_header": "After baseball",
"text": "The Committee noted that Lefty pitched in seven World Series games with no losses and five wins."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "The New York Yankees purchased Gomez from the Seals for an estimated $39,000.A memorial plaque dedicated to Lefty Gomez at the Lefty Gomez Field in Rodeo along with a cement impression of his left hand dated 11/22/1932 can be seen at 470 Parker Ave, Rodeo, CA 94572."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Gomez won six World Series games without a loss, a career World Series record."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A left-handed pitcher, Gomez played in Major League Baseball (MLB) between 1930 and 1943 for the New York Yankees and the Washington Senators."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "He also set a World Series record by receiving two walks in the same inning on October 6, 1937.Nicknamed \"El Goofo\" and \"Goofy Gomez\", he was known for his sense of humor, even on the field."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Gomez holds the record for the most innings pitched in a single All-Star game (six, in 1934)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was selected as an All-Star every year between 1933 and 1939."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Gomez registered the second-best ERA in the American League in 1931.A 20-game winner four times and an All-Star every year from 1933 to 1939, Gomez led the league twice each in wins, winning percentage and ERA; he was a three-time league leader in shutouts and strikeouts."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "He won a World Series game in 1932, two in 1936, two in 1937 and one in 1938."
}
] |
Lefty Gomez was a five time World Series champion with the New York Yankees and was an eight years in a row all star.
| 0 | 0 |
Lefty Gomez
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Peruvian independence and O'Higgins' final years",
"text": "After being deposed, O'Higgins embarked from the port of Valparaiso in July 1823, in the British corvette Fly, never to see Chile again."
}
] |
i2yehFBBEZy3xifpnqXq
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The Chilean Base General Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme research station in Antarctica is named in his honor."
},
{
"section_header": "O'Higgins as Supreme Director",
"text": "Having offended the aristocracy and the church, he also lost the support of the businesspeople, his last semi-powerful ally within the country."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme (Spanish pronunciation: [beɾˈnaɾðo oˈ(x)iɣins] (listen); 1778–1842) was a Chilean independence leader who freed Chile from Spanish rule in the Chilean War of Independence."
},
{
"section_header": "O'Higgins as Supreme Director",
"text": "The Patriot forces lost 12 men in the battle, but an additional 120 died of their wounds."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "In 1798 O'Higgins went to Spain from Great Britain, his return to the Americas delayed by the French Revolutionary Wars."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His mother was Isabel Riquelme, a prominent local; the daughter of Don Simón Riquelme y Goycolea, a member of the Chillán Cabildo, or town council."
},
{
"section_header": "O'Higgins as Supreme Director",
"text": "He was granted dictatorial powers as Supreme Director on 16 February 1817."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His father died in 1801, leaving O'Higgins a large piece of land, the Hacienda Las Canteras, near the Chilean city of Los Ángeles."
},
{
"section_header": "Peruvian independence and O'Higgins' final years",
"text": "His doctor ordered him to return to Lima, where on 24 October 1842, aged 64, O'Higgins died."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The main thoroughfare of the Chilean capital, Santiago, is Avenida Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins."
},
{
"section_header": "Peruvian independence and O'Higgins' final years",
"text": "After being deposed, O'Higgins embarked from the port of Valparaiso in July 1823, in the British corvette Fly, never to see Chile again."
}
] |
Chilean revolutionary Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme died as Supreme Director of the country.
| 0 | 0 |
Bernardo O'Higgins
|
Literature
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Crime and Punishment focuses on the mental anguish and moral dilemmas of Rodion Raskolnikov, an impoverished ex-student in Saint Petersburg who formulates a plan to kill an unscrupulous pawnbroker for her money."
}
] |
i3DIlmM5EpcDr6syKvr7
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "They include: Raskolnikow (aka Crime and Punishment, 1923) directed by Robert Wiene Crime and Punishment (1935 American film) starring Peter Lorre, Edward Arnold and Marian Marsh"
},
{
"section_header": "Structure",
"text": "The notion of \"intrinsic duality\" in Crime and Punishment has been commented upon, with the suggestion that there is a degree of symmetry to the book."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | Major characters",
"text": "Despite its title, the novel does not so much deal with the crime and its formal punishment, as with Raskolnikov's internal struggle (the book shows that his punishment results more from his conscience than from the law)."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Crime and Punishment was regarded as an important work in a number of 20th century European cultural movements, notably the Bloomsbury Group, psychoanalysis, and existentialism."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Hitchcock explained that he could make a great film out of a good book, and even (or especially) a mediocre book, but never a great book, because the film would always suffer by comparison."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "From then on, Crime and Punishment is referred to as a novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | Other characters",
"text": "She is Raskolnikov's intended target, and he kills her in the beginning of the book."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "There have been over 25 film adaptations of Crime and Punishment."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Epilogue",
"text": "Due to the fullness of his confession at a time when another man had already confessed Raskolnikov is sentenced to only eight years of penal servitude."
},
{
"section_header": "Style",
"text": "Crime and Punishment is written from a third-person omniscient perspective."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Crime and Punishment focuses on the mental anguish and moral dilemmas of Rodion Raskolnikov, an impoverished ex-student in Saint Petersburg who formulates a plan to kill an unscrupulous pawnbroker for her money."
}
] |
Crime and Punishment is a book about the injustices of the African American culture and the hypocrisy of the the American penal system.
| 0 | 3 |
Crime and Punishment
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | World War II",
"text": "British forces had planned to liberate Singapore in 1945; however, the war ended before these operations could be carried out."
}
] |
i3rqPNDvgv1gCL5SjIhB
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Singapore ( (listen)), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island city-state in maritime Southeast Asia."
},
{
"section_header": "History | World War II",
"text": "British forces had planned to liberate Singapore in 1945; however, the war ended before these operations could be carried out."
},
{
"section_header": "History | British colonisation",
"text": "Singapore was not greatly affected by the First World War (1914–18), as the conflict did not spread to Southeast Asia."
},
{
"section_header": "History | British colonisation",
"text": "After the First World War, the British built the large Singapore Naval Base as part of the defensive Singapore strategy."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "During the Second World War, Singapore was occupied by Japan in 1942 but returned to British control as a separate crown colony following Japan's surrender in 1945."
},
{
"section_header": "History | World War II",
"text": "During the Second World War, the Japanese invasion of Malaya culminated in the Battle of Singapore."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Singapore is the only country in Asia with an AAA sovereign rating from all major rating agencies."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Post-war period",
"text": "British, Australian, and Indian troops led by Lord Louis Mountbatten returned to Singapore to receive the formal surrender of Japanese forces in the region from General Itagaki Seishiro on behalf of General Hisaichi Terauchi on 12 September 1945."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Post-war period",
"text": "British Military Administration ended on 1 April 1946, with Singapore becoming a separate Crown Colony."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Military",
"text": "The Singaporean military, arguably the most technologically advanced in Southeast Asia, consists of the army, navy, and the air force."
}
] |
Singapore ( (listen)), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island city-state in maritime Southeast Asia in which British forces had planned to liberate Singapore in 1945 however World War I had ended.
| 0 | 0 |
Singapore
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Set in the 1920s during the period of the British Raj, the film tells the story of the interactions of several characters in the fictional city of Chandrapore, namely Dr. Aziz, Mrs Moore, Adela Quested, and Cyril Fielding."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film explores themes of racism, imperialism, religion, and the nature of relationships both friendly and marital."
}
] |
i47s4fFkDx0wrygtdWVk
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Background",
"text": "A Passage to India deals with the delicate balance between the English and the Indians during the British Raj."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Background",
"text": "A Passage to India sold well and was widely praised in literary circles."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Writing",
"text": "Lean commented: “We are blessed with a fine movie title, A Passage to India."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "In March 1981, Brabourne and Goodwin obtained the rights to make a film adaptation of A Passage to India."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "\"As of February 2020, A Passage to India holds a rating of 79% from 24 reviews on Rotten Tomatoes."
},
{
"section_header": "Home video",
"text": "On 15 April 2008, Sony released A Passage To India (2-Disc Collector's Edition)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A Passage to India is a 1984 epic historical drama film written, directed and edited by David Lean."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Background",
"text": "E. M. Forster began writing A Passage to India during a stay in India from late 1912 to early 1913 (he was drawn there by a young Indian Muslim, Syed Ross Masood, whom he had tutored in Latin), completing it only after he returned to India as secretary to a maharajah in 1921."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "Still, while the storytelling is rather toothless, A Passage to India is certainly well worth watching for fans of the director's epic style."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Writing",
"text": "She had met with E. M. Forster, had successfully adapted A Passage to India as a play, and had been charged by the author with preserving the spirit of the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Set in the 1920s during the period of the British Raj, the film tells the story of the interactions of several characters in the fictional city of Chandrapore, namely Dr. Aziz, Mrs Moore, Adela Quested, and Cyril Fielding."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film explores themes of racism, imperialism, religion, and the nature of relationships both friendly and marital."
}
] |
A Passage to india focuses on the British colonization of India.
| 0 | 0 |
A Passage to India (film)
|
History
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Ireland",
"text": "He was present at the Siege of Smerwick, where he led the party that beheaded some 600 Spanish and Italian soldiers."
},
{
"section_header": "Ireland",
"text": "Raleigh received 40,000 acres (16,000 ha) (approx. 0.2% of Ireland) upon the seizure and distribution of land following the attainders arising from the rebellion, including the coastal walled town of Youghal and, further up the Blackwater River, the village of Lismore."
}
] |
i4TdQxcBbdZBf5wKcF6a
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "New World",
"text": "This time, a more diverse group of settlers was sent, including some entire families, under the governance of John White."
},
{
"section_header": "1590–1594",
"text": "However, he had not been given any of the great offices of state."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Later, he became a landlord of property stolen from the native Irish."
},
{
"section_header": "New World",
"text": "This suggested the possibilities that they had moved to Croatoan Island, but a hurricane prevented John White from investigating the island for survivors."
},
{
"section_header": "Ireland",
"text": "Raleigh's management of his Irish estates ran into difficulties which contributed to a decline in his fortunes."
},
{
"section_header": "Execution and aftermath",
"text": "\" The Lords\", she wrote, \"have given me his dead body, though they have denied me his life."
},
{
"section_header": "Execution and aftermath",
"text": "God hold me in my wits. \" It has been said that Lady Raleigh kept her husband's head in a velvet bag until her death."
},
{
"section_header": "Execution and aftermath",
"text": "After Raleigh's wife's death 29 years later, his head was returned to his tomb and interred at St. Margaret's Church."
},
{
"section_header": "New World",
"text": "After England's 1588 victory over the Spanish Armada, the ships were given permission to sail."
},
{
"section_header": "1596–1603",
"text": "He also served as the rear admiral (a principal command) of the Islands Voyage to the Azores in 1597."
},
{
"section_header": "Ireland",
"text": "He was present at the Siege of Smerwick, where he led the party that beheaded some 600 Spanish and Italian soldiers."
},
{
"section_header": "Ireland",
"text": "Raleigh received 40,000 acres (16,000 ha) (approx. 0.2% of Ireland) upon the seizure and distribution of land following the attainders arising from the rebellion, including the coastal walled town of Youghal and, further up the Blackwater River, the village of Lismore."
}
] |
Raliegh was given about 1/500th of the entire Irish Island for acting as leader of a group that lopped off six hundred men's heads.
| 1 | 3 |
Walter Raleigh
|
Sports
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "James Alvin Palmer was born in Manhattan, New York City on October 15, 1945."
}
] |
i4dJo3FlPn2MirCueze4
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was nicknamed \"Cakes\" in the 1960s because of his habit of eating pancakes for breakfast on the days he pitched."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After his adoptive father died of a heart attack in 1955, the nine-year-old Jim, his mother and his sister moved to Beverly Hills, California where he began playing in youth-league baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "James Alvin Palmer was born in Manhattan, New York City on October 15, 1945."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He is also the youngest to pitch a complete-game shutout in a World Series, doing so nine days before his 21st birthday in 1966, in which he defeated Sandy Koufax in Koufax's last appearance."
},
{
"section_header": "Career in baseball | 1960s",
"text": "Palmer regained his form after undergoing surgery, working in the 1968 Instructional League and playing winter baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Career in baseball | 1960s",
"text": "The heavily favored Orioles were beaten in the 1969 World Series by the New York Mets with Palmer taking the loss in Game 3."
},
{
"section_header": "Career in baseball | Return to broadcasting",
"text": "Palmer, McCarver and Michaels were also intended to call the previous year's World Series for ABC, but were denied the opportunity when the entire postseason was canceled due to a strike."
},
{
"section_header": "Career in baseball | 1970s",
"text": "Surgery was considered, but Palmer's pain lessened and he was able to return to play in August."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Moroney gave up her infant for adoption and concealed information in the New York City birth registry, where Palmer is listed as Baby Boy Kennedy, whose father was Maroney and mother was Kennedy."
},
{
"section_header": "Endorsements",
"text": "He appeared in the company's national print and television advertisements as well as on billboards at Times Square in New York City and other major cities."
}
] |
Jim Palmer was called "pancakes" because he would eat eggs before he played and his birthplace is New Jersey.
| 2 | 8 |
Jim Palmer
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Set in England, it is one of Burnett's most popular novels and seen as a classic of English children's literature."
}
] |
i5G6yIWjVZXx3VmqTWJI
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "At the turn of the 20th century, Mary Lennox is a sickly, neglected, unloved 10-year-old girl, born in India to wealthy British parents who never wanted her and made an effort to ignore the girl."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Theatre",
"text": "The production was nominated for seven Tony Awards, winning Best Book of a Musical and Best Featured Actress in a Musical for Daisy Eagan as Mary, then eleven years old."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "She asks Martha for garden tools, which Martha sends with Dickon, her 12-year-old brother, who spends most of his time out on the moors."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "This version was mainly black-and-white, with the sequences set in the restored garden filmed in Technicolor."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Parts of it were written during Burnett's visits to Buile Hill Park, Maytham Hall in Kent, England, where Burnett lived for a number of years during her marriage, is often cited as the inspiration for the book's setting."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "The first filmed version was made in 1919 by the Famous Players-Lasky Corporation, with 17-year-old Lila Lee as Mary and Paul Willis as Dickon, but the film is thought to be lost."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Secret Garden is a novel by Frances Hodgson Burnett first published in book form in 1911, after serialization in The American Magazine (November 1910 – August 1911)."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "It was first published in book form in August 1911 by the Frederick A. Stokes Company in New York; it was also published that year by William Heinemann in London."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Eager to absorb his gardening knowledge, Mary tells him about the secret garden."
},
{
"section_header": "Rejuvenation theme",
"text": "Another theme is the way a thing that is neglected withers and dies, but when it is worked on and cared for, it thrives, as Mary and Colin do."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Set in England, it is one of Burnett's most popular novels and seen as a classic of English children's literature."
}
] |
The Secret Garden is a book about a neglected 10 year old girl that is set in India.
| 1 | 3 |
The Secret Garden
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Stadium",
"text": "St James' Park currently seats 52,354 people, but club owner Mike Ashley would consider taking the roof off The Gallowgate end and adding another 6,000 seats making the total capacity to 58,420, but only if the team manage to finish in the top six places of the Premier League."
}
] |
i5MZSA8luQYcIhneUxxw
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Stadium",
"text": "Throughout Newcastle United's history, their home venue has been St James' Park, the oldest and largest football stadium in North East England, as well as the sixth-largest football stadium in the United Kingdom."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium",
"text": "On 9 October 2012, payday loan company Wonga.com became Newcastle United's main commercial sponsor and purchased the stadium naming rights but restored the St James' Park name."
},
{
"section_header": "Colours and badge",
"text": "United's away colours have changed a number of times over the years."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium",
"text": "There were plans to build a new 90,000 seater stadium in Leazes park, just behind St James' with Newcastle Falcons taking over St James' Park, but due to protests the plans were dropped."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium",
"text": "On 10 November 2011, the club officially changed the name of the stadium to the Sports Direct Arena, although this was an interim name to showcase the sponsorship capabilities of the stadium."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium",
"text": "In October 2009, Mike Ashley announced that he planned to lease the name of the ground in a bid to increase revenue, and in November the stadium was temporarily renamed sportsdirect.com @ St James' Park Stadium."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium",
"text": "Since 1982, the stadium is served by St James Metro station on the Tyne and Wear Metro."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium",
"text": "For most of the 20th century, the stadium changed very little, despite various plans for development of the ground."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium",
"text": "At the turn of the 19th century, the ground's capacity was given as 30,000 before being redeveloped between 1900 and 1905, increasing the capacity to 60,000 and making it the biggest stadium in England for a time."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium",
"text": "Its lease was then bought by Newcastle East End F.C. in 1892, before they changed their name to Newcastle United."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium",
"text": "St James' Park currently seats 52,354 people, but club owner Mike Ashley would consider taking the roof off The Gallowgate end and adding another 6,000 seats making the total capacity to 58,420, but only if the team manage to finish in the top six places of the Premier League."
}
] |
Newcastle United's stadium can sit over 50 thousand spectators.
| 0 | 0 |
Newcastle United F.C.
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Arrests and trial",
"text": "Other Decembrists were exiled to Siberia, Kazakhstan, and the Far East."
}
] |
i5wjTEiyWlbCZx4oBdeG
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Decembrists in Siberia",
"text": "Fifteen out of 124 Decembrists were convicted of \"state-crimes\" by the Supreme Criminal Court, and sentenced to \"exile-to-settlement.\" These men were sent directly to isolated locales, such as Berezov, Narym, Surgut, Pelym, Irkutsk, Yakutsk, and Viliuisk, among others."
},
{
"section_header": "Assessment",
"text": "The majority of Decembrists were not members of illegal organizations similar to the participants of palace revolutions."
},
{
"section_header": "Decembrists in Siberia",
"text": "Convicts could no longer congregate casually."
},
{
"section_header": "At Senate Square",
"text": "These efforts culminated in the Decembrist Revolt."
},
{
"section_header": "Arrests and trial",
"text": "The Decembrists were taken to the Winter Palace to be interrogated, tried, and convicted."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Decembrist revolt or the Decembrist uprising (Russian: Восстание декабристов, tr."
},
{
"section_header": "Decembrists in Siberia",
"text": "Not only were political and social activities carefully monitored and prevented, there was interference regarding religious convictions."
},
{
"section_header": "Decembrists in Siberia",
"text": "For the first time, a cultural, intellectual, and political elite came to Siberian society as permanent residents; they integrated with the country and participated alongside natives in its development."
},
{
"section_header": "Decembrists in Siberia",
"text": "On 25 July [O.S. 13 July] 1826, the first party of Decembrist convicts began its exodus to Siberia."
},
{
"section_header": "Union of Salvation and Union of Prosperity",
"text": "While agreeing with Pestel that the American revolutionary model could be the best form for Russia, the Polish patriotic society would not agree to participate in establishing a federation."
},
{
"section_header": "Arrests and trial",
"text": "Other Decembrists were exiled to Siberia, Kazakhstan, and the Far East."
}
] |
Some of the participants in the Decembrist revolt were sent to Asia after their convictions.
| 0 | 0 |
Decembrist revolt
|
Technology
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Armonk, New York, with operations in over 170 countries."
}
] |
i6bqqWzrubKO6YR6Zc4z
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Armonk, New York, with operations in over 170 countries."
},
{
"section_header": "Headquarters and offices",
"text": "IBM operates in 174 countries as of 2016, with mobility centers in smaller markets areas and major campuses in the larger ones."
},
{
"section_header": "People and culture | Board and shareholders",
"text": "Over the years he increased his IBM holdings"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At least 70% of IBMers are based outside the United States, and the country with the largest number of IBMers is India."
},
{
"section_header": "Finance",
"text": "IBM's shares traded at over $125 per share, and its market capitalization was valued at over US$113.9 billion in September 2018."
},
{
"section_header": "Brand and reputation",
"text": "IBM has a valuable brand as a result of over 100 years of operations and marketing campaigns."
},
{
"section_header": "People and culture | Employees",
"text": "IBM's culture has evolved significantly over its century of operations."
},
{
"section_header": "Finance",
"text": "For the fiscal year 2017, IBM reported earnings of US$5.7 billion, with an annual revenue of US$79.1 billion, a decline of 1.0% over the previous fiscal cycle."
},
{
"section_header": "Research",
"text": "The company invests billions of dollars in services and software based on Linux through the IBM Linux Technology Center, which includes over 300 Linux kernel developers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nicknamed Big Blue, IBM is one of 30 companies included in the Dow Jones Industrial Average and one of the world's largest employers, with (as of 2018) over 352,600 employees, known as \"IBMers\"."
}
] |
IBM runs in over 170 countries.
| 2 | 3 |
IBM
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "During 1995 season, Smith had shoulder surgery and was out nearly three months."
}
] |
i6sVoREUWzxctTwdWEAq
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | St. Louis Cardinals | 1985–1986",
"text": "Smith, who had never hit a home run in his previous 3,009 left-handed major league at-bats, pulled an inside fastball down the right-field line for a walk-off home run, ending Game 5 in a 3–2 Cardinals victory."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | San Diego Padres",
"text": "The parties entered into a contract dispute before the 1980 season, and when negotiations lasted into spring training, the Padres renewed Smith's contract at his 1979 salary of $72,500 Smith's agent told the Padres the shortstop would forgo the season to race in the Tour de France, despite the fact Smith admitted to The Break Room on 96.5 WCMF in Rochester, New York he had never heard of the Tour."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "During 1995 season, Smith had shoulder surgery and was out nearly three months."
}
] |
Ozzie Smith has never undgone a surgical procedure.
| 2 | 4 |
Ozzie Smith
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame selection",
"text": "Nevertheless, in the same book, James also said that McCarthy is the worst right fielder in the Hall of Fame."
}
] |
i6sja6aAbRrod6MODY1c
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame selection",
"text": "According to SABR, McCarthy is also the only Union Association player elected to the Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame selection",
"text": "Nevertheless, in the same book, James also said that McCarthy is the worst right fielder in the Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame selection",
"text": "As of 2014, McCarthy had the lowest Jaffe Wins Above Replacement Score of any player in the Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame selection",
"text": "McCarthy's selection into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1946 has always been a controversial one due to his less than spectacular statistics, especially when compared to those of his fellow inductees and some players who have not yet been honored."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1946."
},
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame selection",
"text": "In The New Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract, Sabermetrician Bill James makes the point that McCarthy was held in such high esteem because of his introduction of the \"hit and run\" play into the game."
},
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame selection",
"text": "This play, among other novel strategies (such as batter to baserunner signals, etc.) that he and his Boston teammates utilized, were a clever and gentlemanly counter to the rough and tumble \"Baltimore\" style of play which was, at the time, giving baseball a bad name."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "McCarthy was born on July 24, 1863 in Boston, Massachusetts, the eldest son of Daniel and Sarah McCarthy."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "McCarthy played for the Brooklyn Bridegrooms in 1896 before retiring."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "The press of the day called McCarthy and teammate Hugh Duffy the \"Heavenly Twins\"."
}
] |
Since McCarthy was added to the Hall of Fame, there has been a polemic because of his low performance.
| 0 | 0 |
Tommy McCarthy
|
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