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History
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Alfred the Great (848/849 – 26 October 899) was King of Wessex from 871 to c. 886 and King of the Anglo-Saxons from c. 886 to 899."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and burial",
"text": "Alfred died on 26 October 899 at the age of 50 or 51."
}
] |
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|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was given the epithet \"the Great\" during and after the Reformation in the sixteenth century, and together with Danish Cnut the Great, is the only king of England to be given such a name."
},
{
"section_header": "Statues | Pewsey",
"text": "A prominent statue of King Alfred the Great stands in the middle of Pewsey."
},
{
"section_header": "Attribution",
"text": "\"Alfred the Great\". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.)."
},
{
"section_header": "King at war | 880s",
"text": "This is also the period in which almost all chroniclers agree that the Saxon people of pre-unification England submitted to Alfred."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Alfred the Great (848/849 – 26 October 899) was King of Wessex from 871 to c. 886 and King of the Anglo-Saxons from c. 886 to 899."
},
{
"section_header": "The reigns of Alfred's brothers",
"text": "The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle describes the Great Heathen Army of Danes landing in East Anglia with the intent of conquering the four kingdoms which constituted Anglo-Saxon England in 865."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Consequently, it was writers of the sixteenth century who gave Alfred his epithet as \"the Great\", not any of Alfred's contemporaries."
},
{
"section_header": "Statues | Cleveland, Ohio",
"text": "A marble statue of Alfred the Great stands on the North side of the Cuyahoga County Courthouse in Cleveland, Ohio."
},
{
"section_header": "King at war | Counter-attack and victory",
"text": "From then until the arrival of the Great Heathen Army Essex had formed part of Wessex."
},
{
"section_header": "King at war | Viking attacks (890s)",
"text": "Those who had no connections in England returned to the continent."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and burial",
"text": "Alfred died on 26 October 899 at the age of 50 or 51."
}
] |
Alfred the Great was the King of England from 901 to 914.
| 1 | 5 |
Alfred the Great
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Edwin Sherin died at the age of 87, on May 4, 2017."
}
] |
ie5N5YxlSP0LU2IXJd0b
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Alexander was born Jane Quigley in Boston, Massachusetts, daughter of Ruth Elizabeth (née Pearson), a nurse, and Thomas B. Quigley, an orthopedic surgeon."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Jane Alexander (born October 28, 1939) is an American author, actress, and former director of the National Endowment for the Arts."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Edwin Sherin died at the age of 87, on May 4, 2017."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Alexander met her first husband, Robert Alexander, in the early 1960s in New York City, where both were pursuing acting careers."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Alexander is also a fellow of the International Leadership Forum."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "In 2009 Alexander starred in Thom Thomas's play A Moon to Dance"
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Alexander also starred in its sequel, Lovey: A Circle of Children, Part II (1978)."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Alexander moved to Washington, DC, and served as chair of the NEA until 1997."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "They had one son, Jace Alexander, in 1964, and the couple divorced a decade later."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Alexander also played the protagonist, Dr. May Foster, in the HBO drama series Tell Me You Love Me."
}
] |
Jane Alexander was born Jane Quigley in 1939 and died in 2017.
| 0 | 0 |
Jane Alexander
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and cultural references | Film, TV and radio version",
"text": "2018 – The Merchant of Venice, adapted and directed by Emma Harding."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and cultural references | Film, TV and radio version",
"text": "2002 – The Maori Merchant of Venice, directed by Don Selwyn."
}
] |
ie9S49J5MCK3zVEJXEQs
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and cultural references",
"text": "The play has inspired many adaptions and several works of fiction."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and cultural references | Film, TV and radio version",
"text": "2018 – The Merchant of Venice, adapted and directed by Emma Harding."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and cultural references | Cultural references",
"text": "parodies Shylock's tirade. Christopher Moore combines The Merchant of Venice and Othello in his 2014 comic novel The Serpent of Venice, in which he makes Portia (from The Merchant of Venice) and Desdemona (from Othello) sisters."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and cultural references | Operas",
"text": "The Merchant of Venice premiered at the Bregenz Festival on 18 July 2013."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and cultural references | Film, TV and radio version",
"text": "2002 – The Maori Merchant of Venice, directed by Don Selwyn."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and cultural references | Cultural references",
"text": "The Star Trek franchise sometimes quote and paraphrase Shakespeare, including The Merchant of Venice."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and cultural references | Cultural references",
"text": "Edmond Haraucourt, French playwright and poet, was commissioned in the 1880s by the actor and theatrical director Paul Porel to make a French-verse adaptation of The Merchant of Venice."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and cultural references | Film, TV and radio version",
"text": "2004 – The Merchant of Venice, directed by Michael Radford and produced by Barry Navidi."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and cultural references | Film, TV and radio version",
"text": "2018 - The Merchant of Venice adapted and directed by L.M.Joseph Paul Bezaleel at Thiagarajar College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India by the theatre club \"Stage Sculptors\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and cultural references | Film, TV and radio version",
"text": "1914 – The Merchant of Venice, a silent film directed by Lois Weber and Phillips Smalley."
}
] |
The Merchant of Venice was adapted into several movies.
| 0 | 0 |
The Merchant of Venice
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Johann Strauss II (born Johann Baptist Strauss; 25 October 1825 – 3 June 1899), also known as Johann Strauss Jr., the Younger, the Son (German: Sohn), son of Johann Strauss I, was an Austrian composer of light music, particularly dance music and operettas."
}
] |
ieI0sEJuSRzcoaclJuVE
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Strauss had two younger brothers, Josef and Eduard Strauss, who became composers of light music as well, although they were never as well known as their older brother."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Johann Strauss II (born Johann Baptist Strauss; 25 October 1825 – 3 June 1899), also known as Johann Strauss Jr., the Younger, the Son (German: Sohn), son of Johann Strauss I, was an Austrian composer of light music, particularly dance music and operettas."
},
{
"section_header": "Debut as a composer",
"text": "Johann Strauss I's influence over the local entertainment establishments meant that many of them were wary of offering the younger Strauss a contract for fear of angering the father."
},
{
"section_header": "Career advancements",
"text": "Johann's younger brother Josef was persuaded by his family to abandon his career as an engineer and take command of Johann's orchestra in the interim."
},
{
"section_header": "Career advancements",
"text": "Strauss Jr. eventually attained greater fame than his father and became one of the most popular waltz composers of the era, extensively touring Austria, Poland and Germany with his orchestra."
},
{
"section_header": "Debut as a composer",
"text": "Further, the younger Strauss was also arrested by the Viennese authorities for publicly playing \"La Marseillaise\", but was later acquitted."
},
{
"section_header": "Debut as a composer",
"text": "When the elder Strauss died from scarlet fever in Vienna in 1849, the younger Strauss merged both their orchestras and engaged in further tours."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy",
"text": "Eduard, then the only surviving brother of the three, took this drastic precaution after agreeing to a pact between himself and brother Josef that whoever outlived the other was to destroy their works."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical rivals and admirers",
"text": "Phillip Fahrbach also denied the younger Strauss the commanding position of the KK Hofballmusikdirektor when the latter first applied for the post."
},
{
"section_header": "Debut as a composer",
"text": "Johann Jr. decided to side with the revolutionaries."
}
] |
Johann Strauss the Younger from Germany had a brother who was also a composer.
| 0 | 0 |
Johann Strauss, the Younger
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Name",
"text": "From 1935 to October 1, 2008, the company name was \"Matsushita Electric Industrial\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Name",
"text": "On January 10, 2008, the company announced that it would change its name to \"Panasonic Corporation\", in effect on October 1, 2008, to conform with its global brand name \"Panasonic\"."
}
] |
ieWzRastys5eXrOT58te
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Brand names",
"text": "\"Rasonic is a brand name of Shun Hing Electric Works and Engineering Co. Ltd (信興電工工程有限公司), a company that has imported Panasonic and National branded product since Matsushita Electric Industrial era, and has also sold MEI/Panasonic products under the original brand names."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Panasonic Corporation (パナソニック株式会社, Panasonikku Kabushiki-gaisha), formerly known as the Matsushita Electric Industrial Co.,"
},
{
"section_header": "Name",
"text": "From 1935 to October 1, 2008, the company name was \"Matsushita Electric Industrial\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Name",
"text": "On January 10, 2008, the company announced that it would change its name to \"Panasonic Corporation\", in effect on October 1, 2008, to conform with its global brand name \"Panasonic\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Brand names",
"text": "In June 1994, Panasonic Shun Hing Industrial Devices Sales (Hong Kong) Co., Ltd. (松下信興機電(香港)有限公司) and Panasonic SH Industrial Sales (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. (松下電器機電(深圳)有限公司) were established by joint venture between Matsushita Electric Industrial and Shun Hing Group respectively, making Rasonic a product brand for MEI and subsequent Panasonic Corporation."
},
{
"section_header": "Name",
"text": "The name change was approved at the shareholders' meeting on June 26, 2008 after consultation with the Matsushita family."
},
{
"section_header": "Brand names",
"text": "The company has sold products under a number of other brand names during its history."
},
{
"section_header": "Brand names",
"text": "Panasonic Corporation sells virtually all of its products and services worldwide under the Panasonic brand, having phased out the Sanyo brand in the first quarter of 2012."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2000 to present",
"text": "In 2008, all models of electric shavers from the Panasonic factory were called Panasonic shavers, and they dropped Matsushita and National from their name, regardless of worldwide or Japanese markets."
},
{
"section_header": "Current operations | Panasonic Corporation of North America",
"text": "Founded in New York City at the MetLife Building in September 1959, it was known as Matsushita Electric Corporation of America (MECA) prior to 2005."
}
] |
Japanese electronics manufacturer Panasonic Corporation changed its branding in 2008 was previously known under the name and Matsushita Electric Industrial Co.
| 0 | 0 |
Panasonic
|
Music
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early years",
"text": "Noël Coward was the second of their three sons, the eldest of whom had died in 1898 at the age of six."
}
] |
iebx70cdK5hbLiRjsciC
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Post-war career",
"text": "Sail Away (1961), set on a luxury cruise liner, was Coward's most successful post-war musical, with productions in America, Britain and Australia."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early years",
"text": "He attended the Chapel Royal Choir School as a young child."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Personal life",
"text": "In that capacity, he befriended the young Peter Collinson, who was in the care of the orphanage."
},
{
"section_header": "Works and appearances | Musicals and revues",
"text": "Sail Away (1961) with a setting on a modern cruise ship ran for 167 performances in New York and then 252 in London."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Inter-war successes",
"text": "He absorbed its smartness and pace into his own work, which brought him his first real success as a playwright with The Young Idea."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reputation and legacy",
"text": "A symposium published in 1999 to mark the centenary of Coward's birth listed some of his major productions scheduled for the year in Britain and North America, including Ace of Clubs, After the Ball, Blithe Spirit, Cavalcade, Easy Virtue, Hay Fever, Present Laughter, Private Lives, Sail Away, A Song at Twilight,"
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Inter-war successes",
"text": "In Private Lives, Coward starred alongside his most famous stage partner, Gertrude Lawrence, together with the young Laurence Olivier."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early years",
"text": "The leading actor-manager Charles Hawtrey, whom the young Coward idolised and from whom he learned a great deal about the theatre, cast him in the children's play Where the Rainbow Ends."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reputation and legacy",
"text": "The Young Idea and Waiting in the Wings, with stars including Lauren Bacall, Rosemary Harris, Ian McKellen, Corin Redgrave, Vanessa Redgrave and Elaine Stritch."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reputation and legacy",
"text": "Anyone who cannot see that should keep well away from the theatre.\" Tynan wrote in 1964, \"Even the youngest of us will know, in fifty years' time, exactly what we mean by 'a very Noel Coward sort of person'.\" In praise of Coward's versatility, Lord Mountbatten said, in a tribute on Coward's seventieth birthday, \"There are probably greater painters than Noël, greater novelists than Noël, greater librettists, greater composers of music, greater singers, greater dancers, greater comedians, greater tragedians, greater stage producers, greater film directors, greater cabaret artists, greater TV stars."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early years",
"text": "Noël Coward was the second of their three sons, the eldest of whom had died in 1898 at the age of six."
}
] |
Coward's brother passed away when he was young.
| 1 | 5 |
Noël Coward
|
History
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | National symbols",
"text": "The flag of Chile is similar to the Flag of Texas, although the Chilean flag is 21 years older."
}
] |
iek6JPfG1Gd70LyAU7tT
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | National symbols",
"text": "The flag of Chile consists of two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red; there is a blue square the same height as the white band at the hoist-side end of the white band; the square bears a white five-pointed star in the center representing a guide to progress and honor; blue symbolizes the sky, white is for the snow-covered Andes, and red stands for the blood spilled to achieve independence."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | National symbols",
"text": "The flag of Chile is similar to the Flag of Texas, although the Chilean flag is 21 years older."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Sports",
"text": "Colo-Colo is the country's most successful football club, having both the most national and international championships, including the coveted Copa Libertadores South American club tournament."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "The Andes Mountains are located on the eastern border."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Hydrography",
"text": "They commonly extend from the Andes to the Pacific Ocean, flowing in an East to West."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Biodiversity | Flora and fauna",
"text": "On the slopes of the Andes, in addition to the scattered tola desert brush, grasses are found."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Biodiversity",
"text": "In continental Chile, the Atacama Desert in the north and the Andes mountains to the east are barriers that have led to the isolation of flora and fauna."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It occupies a long, narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Topography",
"text": "The Andes maintains altitudes above 6000m but descend slowly starts approaching the 4000 meters on average."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Topography",
"text": "The Chilean relief consists of the central depression, which crosses the country longitudinally, flanked by two mountain ranges that make up about 80% of the territory: the Andes mountains to the east-natural border with Bolivia and Argentina in the region of Atacama and the Coastal Range west-minor height from the Andes."
}
] |
Both Chile and Texas have flags that look a lot a like and have the same colors of red, white and blue.
| 3 | 7 |
Chile
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was 77th on the list of the Baseball's 100 Greatest Players by The Sporting News (1998)."
}
] |
iey93L5HLdHSkItBPCKm
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Eddie Clarence Murray (born February 24, 1956), nicknamed \"Steady Eddie\", is a former Major League Baseball (MLB) first baseman and designated hitter."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "In 1998, he ranked number 77 on The Sporting News list of Baseball's 100 Greatest Players, and was nominated as a finalist for the Major League Baseball All-Century Team."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was 77th on the list of the Baseball's 100 Greatest Players by The Sporting News (1998)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In the New Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract (2001), Murray is described as the fifth-best first baseman in major league history."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Murray was named the fifth best first baseman in major league history in the New Bill James Historical Abstract (2010).A bronze statue of Eddie Murray's left-handed hitting stance was unveiled at Oriole Park at Camden Yards on August 11, 2012."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "On Sunday, July 27, 2003, Murray, along with Gary Carter, was inducted into Major League Baseball's Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Baltimore Orioles (1977–1988)",
"text": "He was named to the 1983 Major League Baseball All-Star Game along with winning a second consecutive Golden Glove and his first Silver Slugger Award."
},
{
"section_header": "Coaching career",
"text": "Former Dodger player Bill Mueller was named as interim replacement."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Baltimore Orioles (1977–1988)",
"text": "He was named to the 1982 Major League Baseball All-Star Game along with being awarded his first ever Gold Glove Award and finishing 2nd in the MVP balloting."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Los Angeles Dodgers (1989–1991)",
"text": "Despite this, he was named to the 1991 Major League Baseball All-Star Game."
}
] |
Eddie Clarence Murray (born February 24, 1956), nicknamed "Steady Eddie", is a former Major League Baseball (MLB) first baseman and designated hitter, and ranked 12th on the list of the Baseball's 100 Greatest Players by The Sporting News (1998).
| 0 | 0 |
Eddie Murray
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Transportation | Railways",
"text": "Shanghai has four major railway stations: Shanghai railway station, Shanghai South railway station, Shanghai West railway station, and Shanghai Hongqiao railway station."
},
{
"section_header": "Transportation | Railways",
"text": "Huzhou HSR.Shanghai also has four commuter railways: Pudong railway and Jinshan Railway operated by China Railway, and"
}
] |
ifcH7oMgE5wyGPW2qGZy
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Transportation | Railways",
"text": "As of October 2019, the two railways have been integrated into two main railways in China: Beijing–Shanghai railway and Shanghai–"
},
{
"section_header": "Transportation | Railways",
"text": "Two HSRs are under construction: Shanghai–Nantong railway and Shanghai–Suzhou–"
},
{
"section_header": "Transportation | Railways",
"text": "Huzhou HSR.Shanghai also has four commuter railways: Pudong railway and Jinshan Railway operated by China Railway, and"
},
{
"section_header": "Transportation | Railways",
"text": "Shanghai has four major railway stations: Shanghai railway station, Shanghai South railway station, Shanghai West railway station, and Shanghai Hongqiao railway station."
},
{
"section_header": "Transportation | Railways",
"text": "Built in 1876, the Woosung railway was the first railway in Shanghai and the first railway in operation in China By 1909, Shanghai–Nanjing railway and Shanghai–"
},
{
"section_header": "Transportation | Railways",
"text": "overlaps with Shanghai–Wuhan–Chengdu passenger railway), Shanghai–Nanjing intercity railway, and Shanghai–Kunming HSR."
},
{
"section_header": "Transportation | Railways",
"text": "Hangzhou railway were in service."
},
{
"section_header": "Transportation | Railways",
"text": "Kunming railway, respectively."
},
{
"section_header": "Transportation | Railways",
"text": "Shanghai has three high-speed railways (HSRs): Beijing–Shanghai HSR ("
},
{
"section_header": "Transportation | Railways",
"text": "All are connected to the metro network and serve as hubs in the railway network of China."
}
] |
Shanghai is home to two railways and two light commuter railways.
| 0 | 0 |
Shanghai
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A strong personality and a successful general, Akbar gradually enlarged the Mughal Empire to include much of the Indian subcontinent."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar (Persian: Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar (Persian: ابو الفتح جلال الدين محمد اكبر; October 1542– 27 October 1605), popularly known as Akbar the Great, (Akbar-i-azam اکبر اعظم), and also as Akbar I (IPA: [əkbər]) , was the third Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 1605."
}
] |
igJrPtgcnmaLLxdOEkoq
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Akbar left a rich legacy both for the Mughal Empire as well as the Indian subcontinent in general."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Eschewing tribal bonds and Islamic state identity, Akbar strove to unite far-flung lands of his realm through loyalty, expressed through an Indo-Persian culture, to himself as an emperor."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A strong personality and a successful general, Akbar gradually enlarged the Mughal Empire to include much of the Indian subcontinent."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar (Persian: Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar (Persian: ابو الفتح جلال الدين محمد اكبر; October 1542– 27 October 1605), popularly known as Akbar the Great, (Akbar-i-azam اکبر اعظم), and also as Akbar I (IPA: [əkbər]) , was the third Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 1605."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Citing Akbar's melding of the disparate 'fiefdoms' of India into the Mughal Empire as well as the lasting legacy of \"pluralism and tolerance\" that \"underlies the values of the modern republic of India\", Time magazine included his name in its list of top 25 world leaders."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accounts | Personality",
"text": "Akbar was a warrior, emperor, general, animal trainer (reputedly keeping thousands of hunting cheetahs during his reign and training many himself), and theologian."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "On the other hand, his legacy is explicitly negative in Pakistan for the same reasons."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "He firmly entrenched the authority of the Mughal Empire in India and beyond, after it had been threatened by the Afghans during his father's reign, establishing its military and diplomatic superiority."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accounts | Akbarnāma, the Book of Akbar",
"text": "The Akbarnāma (Persian: اکبر نامہ), which literally means Book of Akbar, is an official biographical account of Akbar, the third Mughal Emperor (r. 1542–1605), written in Persian."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "He quotes historian Ishtiaq Hussain Qureshi, who said that, due to his religious tolerance, \"Akbar had so weakened Islam through his policies that it could not be restored to its dominant position in the affairs.\" A common thread among Pakistani historians is to blame Akbar's Rajput policy."
}
] |
The third Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 1605, Akbar, was a strong leader and general who had a vision of uniting Indian lands through loyalty, leaving a rich legacy.
| 0 | 0 |
Akbar
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Major themes | Antisemitism",
"text": "Hemingway has been called antisemitic, most notably because of the characterization of Robert Cohn in the book."
}
] |
igKKvk8HY7uvg1to9x9m
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Major themes | The corrida, the fiesta, and nature",
"text": "\"The Hemingway scholar Allen Josephs thinks the novel is centered on the corrida (the bullfighting), and how each character reacts to it."
},
{
"section_header": "Major themes | The corrida, the fiesta, and nature",
"text": "Reynolds says that Prohibition split attitudes about morality, and in the novel Hemingway made clear his dislike of Prohibition."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Sun Also Rises is a 1926 novel by American writer Ernest Hemingway that portrays American and British expatriates who travel from Paris to the Festival of San Fermín in Pamplona to watch the running of the bulls and the bullfights."
},
{
"section_header": "Major themes | Paris and the Lost Generation",
"text": "Hemingway shows, through Jake's actions, his disapproval of the people who did not pay up."
},
{
"section_header": "Writing style",
"text": "As a roman à clef, the novel based its characters on living people, causing scandal in the expatriate community."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel is a roman à clef: the characters are based on real people in Hemingway's circle, and the action is based on real events."
},
{
"section_header": "Major themes | Women and love",
"text": "In a piece Hemingway cut, he has Jake thinking, \"you learned a lot about a woman by not sleeping with her."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and adaptations",
"text": "The novel made Hemingway famous, inspired young women across America to wear short hair and sweater sets like the heroine's—and to act like her too—and changed writing style in ways that could be seen in any American magazine published in the next twenty years."
},
{
"section_header": "Major themes | The corrida, the fiesta, and nature",
"text": "Fiedler calls the theme \"The Sacred Land\"; he thinks the American West is evoked in The Sun"
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "On the surface, the novel is a love story between the protagonist Jake Barnes—a man whose war wound has made him unable to have sex—and the promiscuous divorcée usually identified as Lady Brett Ashley."
},
{
"section_header": "Major themes | Antisemitism",
"text": "Hemingway has been called antisemitic, most notably because of the characterization of Robert Cohn in the book."
}
] |
This novel made people think Ernest Hemingway had a problem with Judaism.
| 1 | 2 |
The Sun Also Rises
|
Sports
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nicknamed \"the Red Devils\", the club was founded as Newton Heath LYR Football Club in 1878, changed its name to Manchester United in 1902 and moved to its current stadium, Old Trafford, in 1910."
}
] |
igYz2P3l03wiRW0i2rYk
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Manchester United Women",
"text": "They became founding members of the North West Women's Regional Football League in 1989."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nicknamed \"the Red Devils\", the club was founded as Newton Heath LYR Football Club in 1878, changed its name to Manchester United in 1902 and moved to its current stadium, Old Trafford, in 1910."
},
{
"section_header": "Manchester United Women",
"text": "In 2018, Manchester United formed a new women's football team, which entered the second division of women's football in England for their debut season."
},
{
"section_header": "Manchester United Women",
"text": "A team called Manchester United Supporters Club Ladies began operations in the late 1970s and was unofficially recognised as the club's senior women's team."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years (1878–1945)",
"text": "By 1888, the club had become a founding member of The Combination, a regional football league."
},
{
"section_header": "Manchester United Women",
"text": "The team made an official partnership with Manchester United in 2001, becoming the club's official women's team; however, in 2005, following Malcolm Glazer's takeover, the club was disbanded as it was seen to be \"unprofitable\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years (1878–1945)",
"text": "Captain Harry Stafford found four local businessmen, including John Henry Davies (who became club president), each willing to invest £500 in return for a direct interest in running the club and who subsequently changed the name; on 24 April 1902, Manchester United was officially born."
},
{
"section_header": "Support | Rivalries",
"text": "Manchester United has rivalries with Arsenal, Leeds United, Liverpool, and Manchester City, against whom they contest the Manchester derby."
},
{
"section_header": "Grounds | 1893–1910: Bank Street",
"text": "However, weather restricted the attendance for the Manchester City match to just 12,000.When the Bank Street ground was temporarily closed by bailiffs in 1902, club captain Harry Stafford raised enough money to pay for the club's next away game at Bristol City and found a temporary ground at Harpurhey for the next reserves game against Padiham."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Manchester United is one of the most widely supported football clubs in the world, and has rivalries with Liverpool, Manchester City, Arsenal and Leeds United."
}
] |
Manchester United F.C. was founded in the 1870's.
| 0 | 1 |
Manchester United F.C.
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "He addressed the farmers on industrial problems, and the businessmen on farm problems.\" Walter married Hazel Lee Roberts June 24, 1914, and they had five children."
}
] |
igx3GtEJauv8zlYNoc2b
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The Bethesda Big Train, a summer collegiate baseball team based in Bethesda, Maryland, is named in his honor and features a Walter Johnson sculpture in front of their stadium."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "He addressed the farmers on industrial problems, and the businessmen on farm problems.\" Walter married Hazel Lee Roberts June 24, 1914, and they had five children."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Walter Perry Johnson (November 6, 1887 – December 10, 1946), nicknamed \"Barney\" and \"The Big Train\", was a Major League Baseball right-handed pitcher."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Walter Johnson High School in Bethesda, Maryland, is named for him."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "In addition to his fastball, Johnson featured an occasional curveball that he developed around 1913 or 1914."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "In May 1918, Johnson pitched 40 consecutive scoreless innings; he is the only pitcher with two such 40+ inning streaks."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Johnson holds the record for most three-pitch innings by any major league pitcher with four."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "Johnson lost the first and fifth games of the 1924 World Series, but became the hero by pitching four scoreless innings of relief in the seventh and deciding game, winning in the 12th inning."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Johnson was the first American League pitcher to strike out four batters in one inning."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "His wife died in August 1930 from complications resulting from heat stroke after a long train ride from Kansas."
}
] |
Johnson married Bethesda Big Train in 1914.
| 3 | 3 |
Walter Johnson
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Origin | Impressment and naval actions",
"text": "The United States Navy also forcibly recruited British sailors, but the British government saw impressment as commonly accepted practice and preferred to rescue British sailors from American impressment on a case-by-case basis."
}
] |
ihMkNgPDWqCKRPLhpRi7
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Course of war | Atlantic theater | Single-ship actions",
"text": "Nevertheless, this engagement proved to the only single-ship action where both ships were of essentially equal force during the War of 1812."
},
{
"section_header": "Origin | British support for Tecumseh",
"text": "Indian allegiance could be held only by gifts, and to an Indian no gift was as acceptable as a lethal weapon."
},
{
"section_header": "Course of war | Great Lakes and Western Territories | Invasions of Upper and Lower Canada, 1812",
"text": "Brock was killed during the battle and British leadership suffered after his death."
},
{
"section_header": "Treaty of Ghent | Negotiations and peace",
"text": "British diplomats soon offered the status quo to the United States negotiators, who accepted them."
},
{
"section_header": "Course of war | Atlantic theater | Single-ship actions",
"text": "Constitution dismasted Guerriere and captured the crew."
},
{
"section_header": "Long-term consequences | Great Britain",
"text": "The massive ongoing conflict in Europe against the French Empire under Napoleon ensured that the British did not consider the War of 1812 against the United States as more than a sideshow."
},
{
"section_header": "Course of war | Great Lakes and Western Territories | Niagara frontier, 1813",
"text": "Ultimately, almost 3,000 men at the shipyard built 11 warships and many smaller boats and transports."
},
{
"section_header": "Course of war | Atlantic theater | Single-ship actions",
"text": "Chesapeake's crew was larger, had greater tonnage and was of greater scantling strength (which led to the British claiming she was overbuilt, but many of her crew had not served or trained together."
},
{
"section_header": "Course of war | Atlantic theater | Blockade",
"text": "The effect was that no foreign goods could enter the United States on ships and only smaller fast boats could attempt to get out."
},
{
"section_header": "Course of war | Atlantic theater | Single-ship actions",
"text": "had no boats that were intact and attempted to sneak away under the cover of night, only to be caught up by HMS Pomone."
},
{
"section_header": "Origin | Impressment and naval actions",
"text": "The United States Navy also forcibly recruited British sailors, but the British government saw impressment as commonly accepted practice and preferred to rescue British sailors from American impressment on a case-by-case basis."
}
] |
During the War of 1812, stealing boat crews was considered acceptable.
| 0 | 0 |
War of 1812
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "He lived a quiet life as a waiter for a catering company."
}
] |
ihWJZukzZMKoWkKB44Au
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "He achieved this even though he was quite small (5'7\", 155 pounds)."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "In 1887, John Chapman, the Bisons' veteran manager, valued Grant's services at $5,000—quite a compliment when Chicago had recently sold superstar King Kelly to Boston for $10,000."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "Grant was born in Pittsfield, Massachusetts."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 2006, Grant was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "Grant hit for extra bases every four times he got a hit."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "Grant had fielding skills widely praised as the best in the league."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "Grant died at age 71 in New York City."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "When he debuted with the team, a Buffalo newspaper reporter referred to Grant as \"a Spaniard\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "In 1886, Grant played for an Eastern League team based in Meriden, Connecticut."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "\" In the late 19th century, few black hitters matched up with Grant."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "He lived a quiet life as a waiter for a catering company."
}
] |
Grant sold men's suits after he quit baseball.
| 0 | 2 |
Frank Grant
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Monford Merrill \"Monte\" Irvin (February 25, 1919 – January 11, 2016) was an American left fielder and right fielder in the Negro leagues and Major League Baseball (MLB) who played with the Newark Eagles (1938–1942, 1946–1948), New York Giants (1949–1955) and Chicago Cubs (1956)."
}
] |
ihgvc1G1oXlLR6LDCzTy
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Negro league and Mexican League career | Return to baseball",
"text": "After World War II, Irvin was approached by Brooklyn Dodgers executive Branch Rickey about being signed for the major leagues, but Irvin felt he was not ready to play at that level so soon after leaving the service."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career",
"text": "In the third game of the playoff between the Giants and Dodgers, Irvin popped out in the bottom of the ninth inning before Bobby Thomson hit the Shot Heard 'Round the World."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "On October 19, 2016, a life-sized bronze statue of Irvin was dedicated in Monte Irvin Park."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career",
"text": "Assigned to Jersey City of the International League, Irvin batted .373."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "He later joined those same Giants Hall of Famers in throwing out the ceremonial first pitch of Game 1 of 2010 World Series."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career",
"text": "Irvin batted .299 for the Giants that season, playing first base and the outfield."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career",
"text": "May. Mays later said, \"In my time, when I was coming up, you had to have some kind of guidance."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career",
"text": "During that season, Giants manager Leo Durocher asked Irvin to serve as a mentor for Mays, who had been called up to the team in"
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "In May 16, 2006, Orange Park in the city of Orange, New Jersey was renamed Monte Irvin Park, in his honor."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He grew up in New Jersey and was a standout football player at Lincoln University."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Monford Merrill \"Monte\" Irvin (February 25, 1919 – January 11, 2016) was an American left fielder and right fielder in the Negro leagues and Major League Baseball (MLB) who played with the Newark Eagles (1938–1942, 1946–1948), New York Giants (1949–1955) and Chicago Cubs (1956)."
}
] |
Monte Irvin was a super awesome shortstop, always getting up in there and grabbing those balls as soon as they were off the bat.
| 0 | 0 |
Monte Irvin
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Aeneid ( ih-NEE-id; Latin: Aeneis [ae̯ˈneːɪs]) is a Latin epic poem, written by Virgil between 29 and 19 BC, that tells the legendary story of Aeneas, a Trojan who travelled to Italy, where he became the ancestor of the Romans."
}
] |
iiTZ2aUjLielqU8mZ7MC
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "It was widely held to be the pinnacle of Latin literature, much in the same way that the Iliad was seen to be supreme in Greek literature."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Aeneid is widely regarded as Virgil's masterpiece and one of the greatest works of Latin literature."
},
{
"section_header": "Story | Journey to Italy (books 1–6) | Book 4: Fate of Queen Dido",
"text": "But when Jupiter sends Mercury to remind Aeneas of his duty, he has no choice but to part."
},
{
"section_header": "Story | Journey to Italy (books 1–6) | Theme",
"text": "This is consistent with her role throughout the Homeric epics."
},
{
"section_header": "Story | Journey to Italy (books 1–6) | Book 2: Trojan Horse and sack of Troy",
"text": "The Trojans then took the horse inside the fortified walls, and after nightfall the armed Greeks emerged from it, opening the city's gates to allow the returned Greek army to slaughter the Trojans."
},
{
"section_header": "Story | War in Italy (books 7–12) | Book 8: Visit to Pallanteum, site of future Rome",
"text": "At the place where Rome will be, he meets a friendly Greek, King Evander of Arcadia."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "Another continental work displaying the influence of the Aeneid is the 16th-century Portuguese epic Os Lusíadas, written by Luís de Camões and dealing with Vasco da Gama's voyage to India."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "Ursula Le Guin's 2008 novel Lavinia is a free prose retelling of the last six books of the Aeneid narrated by and centered on Aeneas' Latin wife Lavinia, a minor character in the epic poem."
},
{
"section_header": "Story | Journey to Italy (books 1–6) | Book 2: Trojan Horse and sack of Troy",
"text": "At first he tried to fight the enemy, but soon he lost his comrades and was left alone to fend off the Greeks."
},
{
"section_header": "Style | Structure",
"text": "The Aeneid, like other classical epics, is written in dactylic hexameters: each line consists of six metrical feet made up of dactyls (one long syllable followed by two short syllables) and spondees (two long syllables)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Aeneid ( ih-NEE-id; Latin: Aeneis [ae̯ˈneːɪs]) is a Latin epic poem, written by Virgil between 29 and 19 BC, that tells the legendary story of Aeneas, a Trojan who travelled to Italy, where he became the ancestor of the Romans."
}
] |
The Aeneid is a part of the Homerian epics of Greek literature.
| 0 | 0 |
Aeneid
|
Geography
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Geography | Biodiversity | Fungi",
"text": "Up to 1945, more than 4900 species of fungi (including lichen-forming species) had been recorded."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Biodiversity | Fungi",
"text": "In 2006, the number of fungi in South Africa was estimated at about 200,000 species, but did not take into account fungi associated with insects."
}
] |
ijrAtqTaeke4r1frJUc9
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Geography | Biodiversity | Plants",
"text": "There are around 130 different species of Protea in South Africa."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Health | HIV/AIDS",
"text": "A 2008 study revealed that HIV/AIDS infection in South Africa is distinctly divided along racial lines: 13.6% of blacks are HIV-positive, whereas only 0.3% of whites have the disease."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Biodiversity | Animals",
"text": "South Africa houses many endemic species, among them the critically endangered riverine rabbit (Bunolagus monticullaris) in the Karoo."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Biodiversity | Fungi",
"text": "In 2006, the number of fungi in South Africa was estimated at about 200,000 species, but did not take into account fungi associated with insects."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Education",
"text": "The National Senior Certificate (NSC) examination takes place at the end of grade 12 and is necessary for tertiary studies at a South African university."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Prehistoric archaeology",
"text": "These finds suggest that various hominid species existed in South Africa from about three million years ago, starting with Australopithecus africanus."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Biodiversity | Plants",
"text": "With more than 22,000 different higher plants, or about 9% of all the known species of plants on Earth, South Africa is particularly rich in plant diversity."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Biodiversity | Fungi",
"text": "Up to 1945, more than 4900 species of fungi (including lichen-forming species) had been recorded."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Biodiversity | Plants",
"text": "Plantations of imported tree species are predominant, particularly the non-native eucalyptus and pine."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Conservation issues",
"text": "South Africa is one of the worst affected countries in the world when it comes to invasion by alien species with many (e.g., black wattle, Port Jackson willow, Hakea, Lantana and Jacaranda) posing a significant threat to the native biodiversity and the already scarce water resources."
}
] |
Interestingly, South Africa is sadly bereft of fungal species for study.
| 2 | 4 |
South Africa
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Joseph Raymond McCarthy (November 14, 1908 – May 2, 1957) was an American politician who served as a Republican U.S. Senator from the state of Wisconsin from 1947 until his death in 1957."
}
] |
ik2mVyvpVIdYrndbpwDc
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "United States Senate | Fame, notoriety, and personal life",
"text": "The elections, including many that McCarthy was not involved in, were an overall Republican sweep."
},
{
"section_header": "United States Senate | McCarthy and Eisenhower",
"text": "but, as stated above, badly trailing a Republican ticket which otherwise swept the state of Wisconsin; all the other Republican winners, including Eisenhower himself, received at least 60% of the Wisconsin vote."
},
{
"section_header": "United States Senate | McCarthy and Eisenhower",
"text": "The Republican party also held a majority in the House of Representatives and the Senate."
},
{
"section_header": "United States Senate | Fame, notoriety, and personal life",
"text": "Although his impact on the elections was unclear, McCarthy was credited as a key Republican campaigner."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career | Military service",
"text": "He then began a much more systematic campaign for the 1946 Republican Senate primary nomination, with support from Thomas Coleman, the Republican Party's political boss in Wisconsin."
},
{
"section_header": "United States Senate | McCarthy and Eisenhower",
"text": "With his victory in the 1952 presidential race, Dwight Eisenhower became the first Republican president in 20 years."
},
{
"section_header": "United States Senate",
"text": "He was active in labor-management issues, with a reputation as a moderate Republican."
},
{
"section_header": "United States Senate | Censure and the Watkins Committee",
"text": "The Democrats present unanimously favored condemnation and the Republicans were split evenly."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career | Military service",
"text": "McCarthy campaigned for the Republican Senate nomination in Wisconsin while still on active duty in 1944 but was defeated by Alexander Wiley, the incumbent."
},
{
"section_header": "United States Senate | Army–McCarthy hearings",
"text": "Congressman George H. Bender noted, \"There is a growing impatience with the Republican Party."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Joseph Raymond McCarthy (November 14, 1908 – May 2, 1957) was an American politician who served as a Republican U.S. Senator from the state of Wisconsin from 1947 until his death in 1957."
}
] |
McCarthy was a Republican.
| 1 | 3 |
Joe McCarthy
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Named after the apostle, and described as a newborn as \"with good health, his mother's black, vaguely Tatar eyes, and a tuft of auburn hair\", from an early age Peter's education (commissioned by his father, Tsar Alexis of Russia) was put in the hands of several tutors, most notably Nikita Zotov, Patrick Gordon, and Paul Menesius."
}
] |
ikIztmhRdpLFv1WdWd36
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Marriages and family | Issue",
"text": "These included three sons named Pavel and three sons named Peter, all of whom died in infancy."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Great Northern War",
"text": "It was named after his patron saint Saint Peter."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Peter was not particularly concerned that others ruled in his name."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Great Northern War",
"text": "Originally established only for the time of the monarch's absence, the Senate became a permanent body after his return."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Peter's reforms had a lasting impact on Russia, and many institutions of the Russian government trace their origins to his reign."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Peter forced Sophia to enter a convent, where she gave up her name and her position as a member of the royal family."
},
{
"section_header": "Marriages and family",
"text": "Martha converted to the Russian Orthodox Church and took the name Catherine."
},
{
"section_header": "Religion",
"text": "In 1700, when the office fell vacant, Peter refused to name a replacement, allowing the Patriarch's Coadjutor (or deputy) to discharge the duties of the office."
},
{
"section_header": "Popular culture",
"text": "Aleksey Nikolayevich Tolstoy wrote a biographical historical novel about him, named Pëtr I, in the 1930s."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Grand Embassy",
"text": "He used a fake name, allowing him to escape social and diplomatic events, but since he was far taller than most others, he did not fool anyone of importance."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Named after the apostle, and described as a newborn as \"with good health, his mother's black, vaguely Tatar eyes, and a tuft of auburn hair\", from an early age Peter's education (commissioned by his father, Tsar Alexis of Russia) was put in the hands of several tutors, most notably Nikita Zotov, Patrick Gordon, and Paul Menesius."
}
] |
Peter the Great's name has biblical origins.
| 0 | 0 |
Peter the Great
|
Music
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Career | Early career, breakthrough, and international success | The Yardbirds and the Bluesbreakers",
"text": "Clapton's nickname of \"Slowhand\" came from Giorgio Gomelsky, a pun on the slow handclapping that ensued when Clapton stopped playing while he replaced a string."
}
] |
ilCMtHev71kEWHgpnyHg
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Guitars",
"text": "Rundgren restored the guitar and nicknamed it \"Sunny\", after \"Sunshine of Your Love\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Early career, breakthrough, and international success | Cream",
"text": "Though Cream were hailed as one of the greatest groups of its day, and the adulation of Clapton as a guitar legend reached new heights, the supergroup was short-lived."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | \"Layla\" and solo career | Derek and the Dominos",
"text": "Clapton's biography states that Tony Ashton of Ashton, Gardner and Dyke told Clapton to call the band \"Del and the Dominos\", since \"Del\" was his nickname for Eric Clapton."
},
{
"section_header": "Guitars",
"text": "The following September, Clapton played the guitar on the Beatles' recording of \"While My Guitar Gently Weeps\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Early career, breakthrough, and international success | The Yardbirds and the Bluesbreakers",
"text": "Clapton's nickname of \"Slowhand\" came from Giorgio Gomelsky, a pun on the slow handclapping that ensued when Clapton stopped playing while he replaced a string."
},
{
"section_header": "Guitars",
"text": "In July 1968 Clapton gave George Harrison a 1957 'goldtop' Gibson Les Paul that been refinished with a red colour, nicknamed Lucy."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Early career, breakthrough, and international success | The Yardbirds and the Bluesbreakers",
"text": "Beck and Page played together in the Yardbirds for a while, but Beck, Page, and Clapton were never in the group together."
},
{
"section_header": "Guitars",
"text": "He continued to play Les Pauls exclusively with Cream (one bought from Andy Summers was almost identical to the stolen guitar) until 1967, when he acquired his most famous guitar in this period, a 1964 Gibson SG, dubbed \"the Fool\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Before Eric, guitar playing in England had been Hank Marvin of the Shadows, very simple, not much technique."
},
{
"section_header": "Guitars",
"text": "His SG \"The Fool\" found its way into the hands of George Harrison's friend Jackie Lomax, who subsequently sold it to musician Todd Rundgren for US$500 in 1972."
}
] |
Eric Clapton had the nickname of fast hands because of his fast playing of the guitar in the musical group Cream.
| 3 | 5 |
Eric Clapton
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ulysses S. Grant (born Hiram Ulysses Grant; April 27, 1822 – July 23, 1885) was an American soldier and politician who served as the 18th president of the United States from 1869 to 1877."
}
] |
ilGWLp99ZvZlZOA88ZWT
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Before his presidency, Grant led the Union Army as Commanding General of the United States Army in winning the American Civil War."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ulysses S. Grant (born Hiram Ulysses Grant; April 27, 1822 – July 23, 1885) was an American soldier and politician who served as the 18th president of the United States from 1869 to 1877."
},
{
"section_header": "Commanding General",
"text": "On July 25, 1866, Congress promoted Grant to the newly created rank of General of the Army of the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1869–1877) | Foreign affairs",
"text": "Worldwide, it was a peaceful era, with no major wars directly affecting the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1869–1877) | Native American policy",
"text": "He appointed Ely S. Parker, a Seneca and member of his wartime staff, Commissioner of Indian Affairs, the first Native American to serve in this position, surprising many around him."
},
{
"section_header": "Commanding General",
"text": "At the war's end, Grant remained commander of the army, with duties that included dealing with Maximilian and French troops in Mexico, enforcement of Reconstruction in the former Confederate states, and supervision of Indian wars on the western Plains."
},
{
"section_header": "Civil War | Shiloh and aftermath",
"text": "In November, after Lincoln's preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, Grant ordered units under his command to incorporate former slaves into the Union Army, giving them clothes, shelter and wages for their services."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-presidency | World tour and diplomacy",
"text": "During the tour, the Hayes administration encouraged Grant to assume a public unofficial diplomatic role to represent the United States and strengthen American interests abroad, while resolving issues for some countries in the process."
},
{
"section_header": "Civil War | Vicksburg campaign",
"text": "Grant's army captured Jackson, the state capital."
},
{
"section_header": "Early military career and personal life | Mexican–American War",
"text": "After rising tensions with Mexico following the United States' annexation of Texas, war broke out in 1846."
}
] |
Ulysses S. Grant was an American soldier and politician who served as the 18th president of the United States, and led the Union Army as Commanding General of the United States Army in winning the American Civil War.
| 0 | 0 |
Ulysses S. Grant
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Madonna Louise Ciccone (; Italian: [tʃikˈkoːne]; born August 16, 1958) is an American singer, songwriter, and actress."
}
] |
ilT9D6c7lAWlTvlm9gSF
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born and raised in Michigan, Madonna moved to New York City in 1978 to pursue a career in modern dance."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1958–1981: Early life and career beginnings",
"text": "In 1978, Madonna dropped out of college and relocated to New York City."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Madonna Louise Ciccone (; Italian: [tʃikˈkoːne]; born August 16, 1958) is an American singer, songwriter, and actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1982–1985: Madonna, Like a Virgin, and first marriage",
"text": "In July, Penthouse and Playboy magazines published a number of nude photos of Madonna, taken in New York in 1978."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1958–1981: Early life and career beginnings",
"text": "Madonna Louise Ciccone was born to Catholic parents Madonna Louise (née Fortin; 1933–1963) and Silvio Anthony \"Tony\" Ciccone in Bay City, Michigan, on August 16, 1958."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1958–1981: Early life and career beginnings",
"text": "She said of her move to New York, \"It was the first time I'd ever taken a plane, the first time I'd ever gotten a taxi cab."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1992–1997: Maverick, Erotica, Sex, Bedtime Stories, Evita, and motherhood",
"text": "She said later, \"This is the role I was born to play."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2003–2006: American Life and Confessions on a Dance Floor",
"text": "The book debuted at the top of The New York Times Best Seller list and became the fastest-selling children's picture book of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2003–2006: American Life and Confessions on a Dance Floor",
"text": "Madonna gave another provocative performance later that year at the 2003 MTV Video Music Awards, when she kissed singers Britney Spears and Christina Aguilera while singing the track \"Hollywood\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1958–1981: Early life and career beginnings",
"text": "After graduating, she received a dance scholarship to the University of Michigan and studied over the summer at the American Dance Festival in Durham, North Carolina."
}
] |
Madonna is an American singer, songwriter, and actress born and raised in Michigan, but later moved to New York City in 1978 to pursue a career in modern dance.
| 0 | 0 |
Madonna (entertainer)
|
Science
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Christiane (Janni) Nüsslein-Volhard (born 20 October 1942) is a German developmental biologist and 1995 Nobel Prize-winner."
}
] |
ilxupmnKxAoao1ueZMAn
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Research | Later work",
"text": "It is meant to aid promising young female German scientists with children."
},
{
"section_header": "Research | Later work",
"text": "In 1986, she received the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, which is the highest honour awarded in German research."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Christiane (Janni) Nüsslein-Volhard (born 20 October 1942) is a German developmental biologist and 1995 Nobel Prize-winner."
},
{
"section_header": "Research",
"text": "Many of these genes were given descriptive names based on the appearance of the mutant larvae, such as hedgehog, gurken (German: \"cucumbers\"), and Krüppel ( \"cripple\")."
}
] |
Nusslein-Volhard is a German.
| 1 | 1 |
Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard
|
Popular Culture
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A sequel, Aquaman 2, is set for release on December 16, 2022, and a spin-off, The Trench, is in development."
}
] |
im0AP42G2UmJUCwpXYcR
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Future | Sequel",
"text": "In January 2019, the sequel was officially confirmed to be in development, with the studio courting Wan to return."
},
{
"section_header": "Future | Sequel",
"text": "Yahya Abdul-Mateen II told Uproxx that he will reprise his role as Black Manta for the sequel."
},
{
"section_header": "Future | Sequel",
"text": "In December 2018, it was reported that Warner Bros. Entertainment chairman Toby Emmerich had the studio start developing a sequel."
},
{
"section_header": "Future | Sequel",
"text": "Jason Momoa told Syfy Wire that he had the beginning for a sequel written, and that after he pitched it to the studio through Emmerich and Safran, they were receptive and enthusiastic."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A sequel, Aquaman 2, is set for release on December 16, 2022, and a spin-off, The Trench, is in development."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "They are reunited with Atlanna, who, 20-years-earlier, was sacrificed to the Trench for having Arthur but had survived and escaped to the uncharted sea, alive and well."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Becoming a skilled warrior, Arthur rejects Atlantis upon learning that Atlanna was executed for loving a human and having a half-breed son."
},
{
"section_header": "Future | Sequel",
"text": "Discussions of a follow-up film had begun during post-production, when director James Wan stated to TotalFilm that the first film purposefully left room for further stories."
},
{
"section_header": "Future | Sequel",
"text": "The following month, David Leslie Johnson-McGoldrick, co-writer of the first film, signed on as the screenwriter."
},
{
"section_header": "Future | Sequel",
"text": "Warner Bros. confirmed via The Hollywood Reporter that the studio has set a release date of December 16, 2022, with pre-production set to begin in 2020."
}
] |
Aquaman will not have a sequel.
| 0 | 4 |
Aquaman (film)
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "Thebes is situated in a plain, between Lake Yliki (ancient Hylica) to the north, and the Cithaeron mountains, which divide Boeotia from Attica, to the south."
}
] |
imlpgGTT0evSA98hMfju
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "Motorway 1 and the Athens–Thessaloniki railway connect Thebes with Athens and northern Greece."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Decline and destruction",
"text": "In the Third Sacred War (356—346 BC) with its neighbor Phocis, Thebes lost its predominance in central Greece."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "[tʰɛ̂ːbai̯]) is a city in Boeotia, central Greece."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Archaic and classical periods",
"text": "The winners were hailed throughout Greece as champions of the oppressed."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Archaic and classical periods",
"text": "The aversion to Athens best serves to explain the apparently unpatriotic attitude which Thebes displayed during the Persian invasion of Greece (480–479 BC)."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Archaic and classical periods",
"text": "In 457 BC Sparta, needing a counterpoise against Athens in central Greece, reversed her policy and reinstated Thebes as the dominant power in Boeotia."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Hellenistic and Roman periods | Restoration by Cassander",
"text": "In restoring Thebes, Cassander sought to rectify the perceived wrongs of Alexander - a gesture of generosity that earned Cassander much goodwill throughout Greece."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Prior to its destruction by Alexander in 335 BC, Thebes was a major force in Greek history, and was the most dominant city-state at the time of the Macedonian conquest of Greece."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Mythic record",
"text": "See Theban pederasty and Pederasty in ancient Greece for detailed discussion and background."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Latin period",
"text": "The castle built by Nicholas II of Saint Omer on the Cadmea was one of the most beautiful of Frankish Greece."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "Thebes is situated in a plain, between Lake Yliki (ancient Hylica) to the north, and the Cithaeron mountains, which divide Boeotia from Attica, to the south."
}
] |
Thebes is located in Greece.
| 0 | 0 |
Thebes, Greece
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Litigation",
"text": "Experiences in this play echo a lawsuit (Hansberry v. Lee, 311 U.S. 32 (1940)), to which the playwright Lorraine Hansberry's family was a party when they fought to have their day in court because a previous class action about racially motivated restrictive covenants (Burke v. Kleiman,"
}
] |
inYPe9tvC7OVeZKq1YVi
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A Raisin in the Sun is a play by Lorraine Hansberry that debuted on Broadway in 1959."
},
{
"section_header": "Production and reception",
"text": "\"In 1960 \"In 1960 A Raisin In The Sun was nominated for four Tony Awards: Best Play – written by Lorraine Hansberry; produced by Philip Rose, David J. Cogan"
},
{
"section_header": "The Raisin Cycle",
"text": "The first act takes place just before the events of A Raisin in the Sun, involving the selling of the house to the black family; the second act takes place 50 years later."
},
{
"section_header": "Production and reception",
"text": "A Raisin in the Sun was the first play written by a black woman to be produced on Broadway, as well as the first with a black director, Mr. Richards."
},
{
"section_header": "The Raisin Cycle",
"text": "The two above plays, together with the original, were referred to by Kwei-Armah as \"The Raisin Cycle\" and were produced together by Baltimore's Center Stage in the 2012–2013 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Litigation",
"text": "Experiences in this play echo a lawsuit (Hansberry v. Lee, 311 U.S. 32 (1940)), to which the playwright Lorraine Hansberry's family was a party when they fought to have their day in court because a previous class action about racially motivated restrictive covenants (Burke v. Kleiman,"
},
{
"section_header": "Production and reception",
"text": "In 2016, Claire Brennan wrote in The Guardian that \"The power and craft of the writing make A Raisin in the Sun as moving today as it was then."
},
{
"section_header": "Other versions | 1973 musical",
"text": "The book of the musical, which stayed close to the play, was written by Hansberry's former husband, Robert Nemiroff."
},
{
"section_header": "Production and reception",
"text": "Frank Rich, writing in The New York Times in 1983, stated that A Raisin in the Sun \"changed American theater forever\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Other versions | West End production, 1959",
"text": "Some five months after its Broadway opening, Hansberry's play appeared in London's West End, playing at the Adelphi Theatre from August 4, 1959."
}
] |
Lorraine Hansberry's play A Raisin in the Sun was semi-autobiographical.
| 0 | 0 |
A Raisin in the Sun
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | South America",
"text": "In 1841 Garibaldi and Anita moved to Montevideo, Uruguay, where Garibaldi worked as a trader and schoolmaster."
}
] |
iniErXQ3Qf2tOt3lJ52m
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life",
"text": "Garibaldi's family's involvement in coastal trade drew him to a life at sea."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Return to Italy | North America and the Pacific",
"text": "Garibaldi agreed, feeling that his political goals were, for the moment, unreachable, and he could at least earn a living."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | South America",
"text": "In 1841 Garibaldi and Anita moved to Montevideo, Uruguay, where Garibaldi worked as a trader and schoolmaster."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Return to Italy | North America and the Pacific",
"text": "They first went to Nicaragua, and then to other parts of the region."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Garibaldi's letter regarding the Ottomans",
"text": "He must no longer tread upon that part of the world kept by him in misery."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Expedition against Rome",
"text": "He met the British prime minister Viscount Palmerston, as well as revolutionaries then living in exile in the city."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | South America",
"text": "A skilled horsewoman, Anita is said to have taught Giuseppe about the gaucho culture of southern Brazil and Uruguay."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life",
"text": "Garibaldi was born and christened Joseph-Marie Garibaldi on 4 July 1807 in Nice, which had been directly annexed by the First French Empire in 1805, to the Ligurian family of Domenico Garibaldi from Chiavari and Maria Rosa Nicoletta Raimondi from Loano."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life",
"text": "A Genoese court sentenced Garibaldi to death in absentia, and he fled across the border to Marseille."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life",
"text": "Garibaldi joined the society and took an oath dedicating himself to the struggle to liberate and unify his homeland from Austrian dominance."
}
] |
Giusepe Garibaldi lived in Uruguay for a part of his life.
| 0 | 4 |
Giuseppe Garibaldi
|
Literature
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Time magazine included Lucky Jim in its TIME 100 Best English-language Novels from 1923 to 2005."
}
] |
inwrF9rwV5HgBhn0k4u2
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "There he learns from her that she is leaving Bertrand after being told that he was having an affair with the wife of one of Dixon's former colleagues."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and legacy",
"text": "Retrospective reviews have solidified its legacy as one of Amis' finest novels."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lucky Jim is a novel by Kingsley Amis, first published in 1954 by Victor Gollancz."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lucky Jim is dedicated to Larkin, who helped to inspire the main character and contributed significantly to the structure of the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Time magazine included Lucky Jim in its TIME 100 Best English-language Novels from 1923 to 2005."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and legacy",
"text": "When originally published, Lucky Jim received enthusiastic reviews."
},
{
"section_header": "Film and television adaptations",
"text": "In 2003, ITV aired a remake of Lucky Jim with Stephen Tompkinson playing the central character."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel follows the exploits of the eponymous James (Jim) Dixon, a reluctant lecturer at an unnamed provincial English university."
},
{
"section_header": "Film and television adaptations",
"text": "\"Olivia Laing, writing in The Guardian: \"Remarkable for its relentless skewering of artifice and pretension, Lucky Jim also contains some of the finest comic set pieces in the language.\" In the 1957 British film adaptation, Jim Dixon was played by Ian Carmichael."
},
{
"section_header": "Film and television adaptations",
"text": "Keith Barron starred in The Further Adventures of Lucky Jim, a 1982 seven-episode BBC TV series based on the character and set in the \"swinging London\" of 1967."
}
] |
Lucky Jim was never considered to be one of the greatest novels.
| 0 | 5 |
Lucky Jim
|
Literature
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Concept",
"text": "A \"Catch-22\" is \"a problem for which the only solution is denied by a circumstance inherent in the problem or by a rule.\" For example, losing something is typically a conventional problem; to solve it, one looks for the lost item until one finds it."
}
] |
ipUm34g7ZbwB4FBg3wt8
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "Eventually, the title came to be Catch-22, which, like 11, has a duplicated digit, with the 2 also referring to a number of déjà vu-like events common in the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Concept",
"text": "The term \"Catch-22\" is also used more broadly to mean a tricky problem or a no-win or absurd situation."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "The development of the novel can be split into segments."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Although the novel won no awards upon release, it has remained in print and is seen as one of the most significant American novels of the 20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Influences",
"text": "Heller said that the novel had been influenced by Céline, Waugh and Nabokov."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He began writing it in 1953; the novel was first published in 1961."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "The opening chapter of the novel was originally published in New World Writing as Catch-18 in 1955, but Heller's agent, Candida Donadio, requested that he change the title of the novel, so it would not be confused with another recently published World War II novel, Leon Uris's Mila 18."
},
{
"section_header": "Influences",
"text": "Though the novel is ostensibly set in World War II, Heller intentionally included anachronisms like loyalty oaths and computers (IBM machines) to situate the novel in the context of the 1950s."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "The number 18 has special meaning in Judaism (it refers to chai, meaning \"alive\", in Gematria), and was relevant to early drafts of the novel, which had a somewhat greater emphasis on Jewish themes in the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel is set during World War II, from 1942 to 1944."
},
{
"section_header": "Concept",
"text": "A \"Catch-22\" is \"a problem for which the only solution is denied by a circumstance inherent in the problem or by a rule.\" For example, losing something is typically a conventional problem; to solve it, one looks for the lost item until one finds it."
}
] |
This novel is where the eponymous term Catch-22 came from.
| 2 | 4 |
Catch-22
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The statue was moved to the Galleria dell'Accademia, Florence, in 1873, and later replaced at the original location by a replica."
}
] |
iqFJS2FoEveYPmGZoE14
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "David is a masterpiece of Renaissance sculpture created in marble between 1501 and 1504 by the Italian artist Michelangelo."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The statue was moved to the Galleria dell'Accademia, Florence, in 1873, and later replaced at the original location by a replica."
},
{
"section_header": "Conservation | Replicas",
"text": "David has stood on display at Florence's Galleria dell'Accademia since 1873."
},
{
"section_header": "Conservation",
"text": "In 2008, plans were proposed to insulate the statue from the vibration of tourists' footsteps at Florence's Galleria dell'Accademia, to prevent damage to the marble."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "-88-6394-085-5. Pope-Hennessy, John, Italian High Renaissance and Baroque Sculpture."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Commission",
"text": "Eager to continue their project, in 1464, the Operai contracted Agostino to create a sculpture of David."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Commission",
"text": "The history of the statue begins before Michelangelo's work on it from 1501 to 1504."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Hirst Michael, “Michelangelo In Florence: David"
},
{
"section_header": "History | Later history",
"text": "In 1873, the statue of David was removed from the piazza, to protect it from damage, and displayed in the Accademia Gallery, Florence, where it attracted many visitors."
},
{
"section_header": "Interpretation",
"text": "Michelangelo's David has become one of the most recognized works of Renaissance sculpture, a symbol of strength and youthful beauty."
}
] |
David is a masterpiece of Renaissance sculpture created in marble between 1501 and 1504 by the Italian artist Michelangelo and moved to the Galleria dell'Accademia, Florence, in 1873.
| 0 | 0 |
David (Michelangelo)
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Work | Research at Gombe Stream National Park",
"text": "Among those whom Goodall named during her years in Gombe were: David Greybeard, a grey-chinned male who first warmed up to Goodall; Goliath, a friend of David Greybeard, originally the alpha male named for his bold nature; Mike, who through his cunning and improvisation displaced Goliath as the alpha male; Humphrey, a big, strong, bullysome male; Gigi, a large, sterile female who delighted in being the \"aunt\" of any young chimps or humans; Mr. McGregor, a belligerent older male; Flo, a motherly, high-ranking female with a bulbous nose and ragged ears, and her children; Figan, Faben, Freud, Fifi, and Flint; Frodo, Fifi's second-oldest child, an aggressive male who would frequently attack Jane and ultimately forced her to leave the troop when he became alpha male."
}
] |
iqZcEuk2WemWhWaCTQgu
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Gary Larson cartoon incident",
"text": "In 1988, when Larson visited Gombe, he was attacked by a chimpanzee named Frodo."
},
{
"section_header": "Work | Jane Goodall Institute",
"text": "In 1977, Goodall established the Jane Goodall Institute (JGI), which supports the Gombe research, and she is a global leader in the effort to protect chimpanzees and their habitats."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "As a child, as an alternative to a teddy bear, Goodall's father gave her a stuffed chimpanzee named Jubilee."
},
{
"section_header": "Work | Jane Goodall Institute",
"text": "Currently all of the original Jane Goodall archives reside there and have been digitised, analysed, and placed in an online database."
},
{
"section_header": "Work | Jane Goodall Institute",
"text": "In 1992, Goodall founded the Tchimpounga Chimpanzee Rehabilatation Center in the Republic of Congo to care for chimpanzees orphaned due to bush-meat trade."
},
{
"section_header": "Work | Research at Gombe Stream National Park",
"text": "Among those whom Goodall named during her years in Gombe were: David Greybeard, a grey-chinned male who first warmed up to Goodall; Goliath, a friend of David Greybeard, originally the alpha male named for his bold nature; Mike, who through his cunning and improvisation displaced Goliath as the alpha male; Humphrey, a big, strong, bullysome male; Gigi, a large, sterile female who delighted in being the \"aunt\" of any young chimps or humans; Mr. McGregor, a belligerent older male; Flo, a motherly, high-ranking female with a bulbous nose and ragged ears, and her children; Figan, Faben, Freud, Fifi, and Flint; Frodo, Fifi's second-oldest child, an aggressive male who would frequently attack Jane and ultimately forced her to leave the troop when he became alpha male."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Valerie Jane Morris-Goodall was born in 1934 in Hampstead, London, to businessman Mortimer Herbert Morris-Goodall (1907–2001) and Margaret Myfanwe Joseph (1906–2000), a novelist from Milford Haven, Pembrokeshire, who wrote under the name Vanne Morris-Goodall."
},
{
"section_header": "Work | Jane Goodall Institute",
"text": "Today, Goodall devotes virtually all of her time to advocacy on behalf of chimpanzees and the environment, travelling nearly 300 days a year."
},
{
"section_header": "Work | Jane Goodall Institute",
"text": "Goodall is also a board member for the world's largest chimpanzee sanctuary outside of Africa, Save the Chimps in Fort Pierce, Florida."
},
{
"section_header": "Work | Research at Gombe Stream National Park",
"text": "Instead of numbering the chimpanzees she observed, she gave them names such as Fifi and David Greybeard and observed them to have unique and individual personalities, an unconventional idea at the time."
}
] |
Jane Goodall was harassed by a chimpanzee named Frodo.
| 0 | 0 |
Jane Goodall
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His first play, it was written in 1958 and completed in just three weeks."
}
] |
iqpUrFXqmKtGDnnQuuf1
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Revised version | Production history",
"text": "The play was produced Off-Broadway at the Second Stage Theatre in 2007, and starred Bill Pullman, Dallas Roberts and Johanna Day."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions",
"text": "The play premiered in the United States Off-Broadway in a production by Theatre 1960 at the Provincetown Playhouse on January 14, 1960, and closed on May 21, 1961."
},
{
"section_header": "Revised version",
"text": "He would only allow the two-act play."
},
{
"section_header": "Revised version",
"text": "Albee noted the play was his to do with as he wanted."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions",
"text": "The play was paired with Krapp's Last Tape."
},
{
"section_header": "Revised version",
"text": "But it's a play with one and a half characters."
},
{
"section_header": "Revised version",
"text": "It's a play that I'm very happy I wrote."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His first play, it was written in 1958 and completed in just three weeks."
},
{
"section_header": "Revised version | Production history",
"text": "As of December 2009 it played in its Seattle premiere at Theater Schmeater."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Zoo Story is a one-act play by American playwright Edward Albee."
}
] |
This play was made in only 21 days.
| 0 | 0 |
The Zoo Story
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Research | Later work",
"text": "In 2004 Nüsslein-Volhard started the Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard Foundation (Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard Stiftung)."
},
{
"section_header": "Research | Later work",
"text": "It is meant to aid promising young female German scientists with children."
}
] |
irBGhB3NUZWD8lrsBwxJ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Christiane (Janni) Nüsslein-Volhard (born 20 October 1942) is a German developmental biologist and 1995 Nobel Prize-winner."
},
{
"section_header": "Research | Later work",
"text": "It is meant to aid promising young female German scientists with children."
},
{
"section_header": "Research | Later work",
"text": "In 2004 Nüsslein-Volhard started the Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard Foundation (Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard Stiftung)."
},
{
"section_header": "Research | Later work",
"text": "In 1986, she received the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, which is the highest honour awarded in German research."
},
{
"section_header": "Research",
"text": "The experiments that earned Nüsslein-Volhard and Wieschaus their Nobel prize aimed to identify genes involved in the development of Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) embryos."
},
{
"section_header": "Research",
"text": "Many of these genes were given descriptive names based on the appearance of the mutant larvae, such as hedgehog, gurken (German: \"cucumbers\"), and Krüppel ( \"cripple\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Research | Later work",
"text": "The foundation's main focus is to facilitate childcare as a supplement to existing stipends and day care."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She won the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research in 1991 and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1995, together with Eric Wieschaus and Edward B. Lewis, for their research on the genetic control of embryonic development."
},
{
"section_header": "Research | Later work",
"text": "Since 2001 she has been member of the Nationaler Ethikrat (National Ethics Council of Germany) for the ethical assessment of new developments in the life sciences and their influence on the individual and society."
},
{
"section_header": "Research | Later work",
"text": "Since 1985 Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard has been Director of the Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology in Tübingen and also leads its Genetics Department."
}
] |
German biologist Christiane (Janni) Nüsslein-Volhard has a nobel prize and has tried to help other German female scientist by starting a foundation to help women stay in the sciences by helping them pay for childcare.
| 0 | 0 |
Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Textual history and structure",
"text": "The first section of the Mahābhārata states that it was Ganesha who wrote down the text to Vyasa's dictation."
}
] |
ircxMjTu9hFwRLY9Ucyd
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Textual history and structure",
"text": "The first section of the Mahābhārata states that it was Ganesha who wrote down the text to Vyasa's dictation."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | The Pandava and Kaurava princes",
"text": "However, Ambika and Ambalika send their maid instead, to Vyasa's room."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | The battle at Kurukshetra",
"text": "At this time, Krishna reminds him of his duty as a Kshatriya to fight for a righteous cause in the famous Bhagavad Gita section of the epic."
},
{
"section_header": "Versions, translations, and derivative works | Derivative literature",
"text": "Pratibha Ray wrote an award winning novel entitled Yajnaseni from Draupadi's perspective in 1984."
},
{
"section_header": "Versions, translations, and derivative works | Derivative literature",
"text": "Later, Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni wrote a similar novel entitled The Palace of Illusions: A Novel in 2008."
},
{
"section_header": "Versions, translations, and derivative works | Critical Edition",
"text": "This work is sometimes called the \"Pune\" or \"Poona\" edition of the Mahabharata."
},
{
"section_header": "Versions, translations, and derivative works | Derivative literature",
"text": ", Buddhadeva Bose wrote three plays set in Mahabharat, Anamni Angana, Pratham Partha and Kalsandhya."
},
{
"section_header": "Versions, translations, and derivative works | Derivative literature",
"text": "Suman Pokhrel wrote a solo play based on Ray's novel by personalizing and taking Draupadi alone in the scene."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | The Pandava and Kaurava princes",
"text": "He is born healthy and grows up to be one of the wisest characters in the Mahabharata."
},
{
"section_header": "Versions, translations, and derivative works | In film and television",
"text": "Prakash Jha directed 2010 film Raajneeti was partially inspired by the Mahabharata."
}
] |
The 1st section of the Mahabharata says that it was Ganesha who wrote down the text to Vyasa's dictation.
| 1 | 2 |
Mahabharata
|
Geography
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Great Pyramid of Giza (also known as the Pyramid of Khufu or the Pyramid of Cheops) is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in the Giza pyramid complex bordering present-day Giza in Greater Cairo, Egypt."
},
{
"section_header": "History and description",
"text": "Egyptologists believe the pyramid was built as a tomb for the Fourth Dynasty Egyptian pharaoh Khufu (often Hellenized as \"Cheops\") and was constructed over a 20-year period."
}
] |
irdnwlR7DpchC0ZS5ABT
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and the only one to remain largely intact."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Great Pyramid of Giza (also known as the Pyramid of Khufu or the Pyramid of Cheops) is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in the Giza pyramid complex bordering present-day Giza in Greater Cairo, Egypt."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The main part of the Giza complex is a set of buildings that included two mortuary temples in honour of Khufu (one close to the pyramid and one near the Nile), three smaller pyramids for Khufu's wives, an even smaller \"satellite\" pyramid, a raised causeway connecting the two temples, and small mastaba tombs for nobles surrounding the pyramid."
},
{
"section_header": "Looting",
"text": "He suggests that the story told to Herodotus could have been the result of almost two centuries of telling and retelling by Pyramid guides."
},
{
"section_header": "History and description",
"text": "Khufu's vizier, Hemiunu (also called Hemon), is believed by some to be the architect of the Great Pyramid."
},
{
"section_header": "Interior | Queen's Chamber",
"text": "They were also able to scrutinize the inside of the two copper \"handles\" embedded in the door, and they now believe them to be for decorative purposes."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Based on a mark in an interior chamber naming the work gang and a reference to the Fourth Dynasty Egyptian pharaoh Khufu, Egyptologists believe that the pyramid was built as a tomb over a 10- to 20-year period concluding around 2560 BC."
},
{
"section_header": "History and description",
"text": "In 2013, rolls of papyrus called the Diary of Merer were discovered written by some of those who delivered limestone and other construction materials from Tora to Giza."
},
{
"section_header": "Interior | Queen's Chamber",
"text": "After a climb of 65 m (213 ft), he discovered that one of the shafts was blocked by limestone \"doors\" with two eroded copper \"handles\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Interior | King's Chamber",
"text": "0.91 m (3.0 ft) above the floor there are two narrow shafts in the north and south walls (one is now filled by an extractor fan in an attempt to circulate air inside the pyramid)."
},
{
"section_header": "History and description",
"text": "Egyptologists believe the pyramid was built as a tomb for the Fourth Dynasty Egyptian pharaoh Khufu (often Hellenized as \"Cheops\") and was constructed over a 20-year period."
}
] |
The Great Pyramid of Giza is also called by two different names in honor of two pharaohs and is the oldest of the Ancient World's 7 World Wonders.
| 1 | 3 |
Great Pyramid of Giza
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Naturalism",
"text": "Strindberg wrote this play with the intention of abiding by the theories of \"naturalism\"–both his own version, and also the version described by the French novelist and literary theoretician Émile Zola."
},
{
"section_header": "Naturalism",
"text": "The three primary principles of naturalism (faire vrai, faire grand and faire simple) are: Faire vrai: The play should be realistic and the result of a careful study of human behavior and psychology."
}
] |
isIji4oWsAHBxc1eyAKz
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Naturalism",
"text": "Miss Julie is not only successful as a naturalistic drama, but it is a play that has achieved the rare distinction of being performed on stages all over the world every year since it was written in 1888."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Miss Julie (Swedish: Fröken Julie) is a naturalistic play written in 1888 by August Strindberg."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins of the play",
"text": "For example, the first audiences were spared the shock of hearing Miss Julie, in an angry moment, compare making love to Jean to an act of bestiality.) With disastrous timing for new theater, the censors announced during the dress rehearsal that Miss Julie would be forbidden."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins of the play",
"text": "However, Strindberg managed to get around the censors by having Miss Julie premiere a few days later at the Copenhagen University Student Union."
},
{
"section_header": "The author's preface",
"text": "\"Strindberg describes both Jean and Miss Julie as representations of their classes and society."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins of the play",
"text": "The play was written as Strindberg was creating a new theatre of his own, the Scandinavian Naturalistic Theater, which would be founded in Copenhagen."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins of the play",
"text": "After Strindberg agreed to a small amount of censorship, the play was published a few weeks before the first production. (The first English translations also contain these censored excisions."
},
{
"section_header": "The author's preface",
"text": "In the preface, Strindberg discusses aristocracy and classism beyond what occurs in the play itself."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins of the play",
"text": "Miss Julie would be the premier offering."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "He drops the Count's boots off to the side but still within view of the audience; his clothing shows that he is a valet."
},
{
"section_header": "Naturalism",
"text": "Strindberg wrote this play with the intention of abiding by the theories of \"naturalism\"–both his own version, and also the version described by the French novelist and literary theoretician Émile Zola."
},
{
"section_header": "Naturalism",
"text": "The three primary principles of naturalism (faire vrai, faire grand and faire simple) are: Faire vrai: The play should be realistic and the result of a careful study of human behavior and psychology."
}
] |
Strindberg intended the audience to understand that his play Miss Julie was as close to real as a fictional world can get.
| 0 | 0 |
Miss Julie
|
Literature
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Waiting for Godot ( GOD-oh) is a play by Samuel Beckett in which two characters, Vladimir (Didi) and Estragon (Gogo), engage in a variety of discussions and encounters while awaiting Godot, who never arrives."
}
] |
isJxfnRZIn5JRKCosY6F
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production history",
"text": "As for wanting to find in all that a broader, loftier meaning to carry away from the performance, along with the program and the Eskimo pie, I cannot see the point of it."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | The Boy",
"text": "In both Acts, the boy seems hesitant to speak very much, saying mostly \"Yes Sir\" or \"No Sir\", and winds up exiting by running away."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Waiting for Godot is Beckett's translation of his own original French-language play, En attendant Godot, and is subtitled (in English only) \" a tragicomedy in two acts\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Works inspired by Godot",
"text": "The dialogue, consisting of extensive quotations from the original, was distributed in segments among the ten actors, not necessarily following the order of the original.\" Gujarati playwright Labhshankar Thakar, along with Subhash Shah, wrote a play Ek Undar ane Jadunath based on Godot in 1966."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | Godot",
"text": "Unlike elsewhere in Beckett's work, no bicycle appears in this play, but Hugh Kenner in his essay \"The Cartesian Centaur\" reports that Beckett once, when asked about the meaning of Godot, mentioned \"a veteran racing cyclist, bald, a 'stayer', recurrent placeman in town-to-town and national championships, Christian name elusive, surname Godeau, pronounced, of course, no differently from Godot.\" Waiting for Godot is clearly not about track cycling, but it is said that Beckett himself did wait for French cyclist Roger Godeau (1920–2000; a professional cyclist from 1943 to 1961), outside the velodrome in Roubaix."
},
{
"section_header": "Production history",
"text": "Lady Dorothy Howitt wrote to the Lord Chamberlain, saying: \"One of the many themes running through the play is the desire of two old tramps continually to relieve themselves."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Act I",
"text": "The two men discuss a variety of issues, and it is revealed that they are waiting for a man named Godot."
},
{
"section_header": "Works inspired by Godot",
"text": "In 2011, Mike Rosenthal and Jeff Rosenthal created a video game adaptation of Waiting for Godot, played in the browser."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "In 1990, French synthesizer artist Jean-Michel Jarre released the music album Waiting For Cousteau, which was dedicated to his friend, scientist and environmentalist Jacques Cousteau."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Waiting for Godot ( GOD-oh) is a play by Samuel Beckett in which two characters, Vladimir (Didi) and Estragon (Gogo), engage in a variety of discussions and encounters while awaiting Godot, who never arrives."
}
] |
Waiting for Godot is a play in which two run away teens find an unlikely friend in a steamboat captain.
| 2 | 6 |
Waiting for Godot
|
Popular Culture
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Becket won the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay, and was nominated for eleven other awards, including for Best Picture, Best Director, Best Supporting Actor, and twice for Best Actor."
}
] |
isgBBtru8qYTRZ3LSfJx
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Background and production",
"text": "Siân Phillips, who plays Gwendolen, was Peter O'Toole's wife at the time of filming."
},
{
"section_header": "Historicity",
"text": "When combined with Henry's own duchies in France, the marriage gave the royal couple control over more land in France than the actual King of France possessed at the time."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Best Sound (John Cox) Becket and its spiritual sequel The Lion in Winter were both nominated for Best Picture in their respective years 1964 and 1968."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "The film won an Academy Award and received eleven other nominations: WonAcademy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay (Edward Anhalt) 3 BAFTA 1965: Best Color Photography, Best Set Design in Color, Best Costume Design National Board of Review of Motion Pictures 1964: Best Film 2 Golden Globe: Best Drama, Best Actor in a Drama (Peter O'Toole)Academy Award NominationsBest Actor (Richard Burton and Peter O'Toole) Best Picture"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Becket won the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay, and was nominated for eleven other awards, including for Best Picture, Best Director, Best Supporting Actor, and twice for Best Actor."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "Best Supporting Actor (John Gielgud) Best Art Direction (John Bryan, Maurice Carter, Patrick McLoughlin, Robert Cartwright) Best Costume Design"
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "Best Director (Peter Glenville) Best Editing"
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "Best Cinematography Best Score"
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Henry asks Becket whether or not he loved him and Becket replied that he loved Henry to the best of his ability."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "-turned-bishop Thomas Becket."
}
] |
The Becket movie was nominated 11 times.
| 2 | 5 |
Becket (1964 film)
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Cal Jr. grew up around baseball and got started in it at a very young age."
}
] |
itrWpCY8r1fwJHuFb1BY
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Cal Jr. grew up around baseball and got started in it at a very young age."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "They both played baseball there; Cal also played soccer."
},
{
"section_header": "Baltimore Orioles | 1981–1986",
"text": "On May 29, Ripken did not play the second game of a doubleheader, the last time he missed a game until 1998."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "A children's biography of Ripken, Cal Ripken Jr., Quiet Hero was published in 1993 by Lois Nicholson."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "In 1995, Harvey Rosenfeld released a biography on him entitled Iron Man: The Cal Ripken Jr., Story."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Later, in 2007, Jeff Seidel released a biography on him entitled, Iron Man: Cal Ripken Jr., a Tribute."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Calvin Edwin Ripken Jr. (born August 24, 1960), nicknamed \"The Iron Man\", is an American former baseball shortstop and third baseman who played 21 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Baltimore Orioles (1981–2001)."
},
{
"section_header": "Charity",
"text": "In 1988, he and wife Kelly founded the Cal Ripken Jr., Lifelong Learning Center, which is dedicated to teaching adults to read."
},
{
"section_header": "Minor league career",
"text": "Ripken started at third base and played all 33 innings against the Pawtucket Red Sox (which featured another future Hall of Famer, Wade Boggs) in a game that took parts of three days to complete."
},
{
"section_header": "Baltimore Orioles | 1987–1990",
"text": "Ron Washington replaced him in the eighth inning, ending Ripken's streak of 8,243 consecutive innings played."
}
] |
Cal Ripken Jr. did not start playing baseball until he was in highschool.
| 1 | 5 |
Cal Ripken Jr.
|
Geography
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Operations | Closures",
"text": "The park will fully reopen on July 17, in time for its 65th anniversary."
}
] |
iuEQiNZdpVzOdsc4a42l
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Operations | Closures",
"text": "The park will fully reopen on July 17, in time for its 65th anniversary."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 21st century",
"text": "But due to rising cases in California, the parks' reopening has been postponed."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 20th century | 1980s",
"text": "They had to close in 1982 and, in 1983, a year after its closure, it reopened to the public as \"New Fantasyland\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 21st century",
"text": "Downtown Disney is planned to reopen on July 9, 2020."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 21st century",
"text": "The parks had been scheduled to reopen on July 17, 2020 (65 years after the opening date)."
},
{
"section_header": "Lands | Tomorrowland",
"text": "Star Tours was closed in July 2010 and replaced with Star Tours–The Adventures Continue in June 2011."
},
{
"section_header": "Operations | Live entertainment | Fireworks shows",
"text": "With a few minor exceptions, such as July 4 and New Year's Eve, shows must finish by 10:00 pm due to the conditions of the permit issued by the City of Anaheim."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 20th century | 1950s and 1960s",
"text": "Due to the Cold War tension and security concerns, he was famously denied an excursion to Disneyland."
},
{
"section_header": "Operations | Closures",
"text": "In 1987, on December 16 due to a winter storm."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 20th century | Opening day",
"text": "At the time, and during the lifetimes of Walt and Roy Disney, July 17 was considered merely a preview, with July 18 the official opening day."
}
] |
It closed due to COVID-19 and will fully reopen July 20th.
| 3 | 7 |
Disneyland
|
Sports
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Popular culture | Hala Madrid",
"text": "The magazine includes reports on the club's matches in the previous month, as well as information about the reserve and youth teams."
}
] |
iv9EGLQaVJwFSlAevydV
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Finances and ownership",
"text": "This means that Real Madrid is owned by its supporters who elect the club president."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The club is one of the most widely supported teams in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Unlike most European sporting entities, Real Madrid's members (socios) have owned and operated the club throughout its history."
},
{
"section_header": "Popular culture | Video games",
"text": "Real Madrid has appeared in many football-based video games, namely in the FIFA and Pro Evolution Soccer series."
},
{
"section_header": "Players | Current squad",
"text": "Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality."
},
{
"section_header": "Players | Out on loan",
"text": "Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality."
},
{
"section_header": "Players | Other players under contract",
"text": "Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "meaning Royal Madrid Football Club), commonly referred to as Real Madrid, is a Spanish professional football club based in Madrid."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Real Madrid was recognised as the FIFA Club of the 20th Century on 11 December 2000, and received the FIFA Centennial Order of Merit on 20 May 2004."
},
{
"section_header": "Crests and colours | Colours",
"text": "It was decided that Real Madrid would wear black shorts in an attempt to replicate the English team, but the initiative lasted just one year."
},
{
"section_header": "Popular culture | Hala Madrid",
"text": "The magazine includes reports on the club's matches in the previous month, as well as information about the reserve and youth teams."
}
] |
The Real Madrid football club has their own editorial, which is focused solely on their FIFA level team.
| 0 | 1 |
Real Madrid C.F.
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Stranger in a Strange Land is a 1961 science fiction novel by American author Robert A. Heinlein."
}
] |
ivsS7AIlLNdJncifFewe
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The story focuses on a human raised on Mars and his adaptation to and understanding of humans and their culture."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "None of his later novels would match this level of success."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Grok",
"text": "The word \"grok,\" coined in the novel, made its way into the English language."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "Billy Joel's song \"We Didn't Start the Fire\" (1989) mentions the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Despite such reviews, Stranger in a Strange Land won the 1962 Hugo Award for Best Novel and became the first science fiction novel to enter The New York Times Book Review's best-seller list."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Stranger in a Strange Land is a 1961 science fiction novel by American author Robert A. Heinlein."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The working title for the book was \"A Martian Named Smith\", which was also the name of the screenplay started by a character at the end of the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "The Byrds' song \"Triad\" (1967), a song about a menage a trois, uses the term \"water brother\" from the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "The book was marketed to a mainstream readership, and was the first science fiction novel to be listed on The New York Times Best Seller list for fiction."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "The Police released an Andy Summers-penned song titled \"Friends\", as the B-side to their hit \"Don't Stand So Close to Me\" (1980), that referenced the novel."
}
] |
The novel has been adapted to film.
| 0 | 0 |
Stranger in a Strange Land
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Shopify Inc. is a Canadian multinational e-commerce company headquartered in Ottawa, Ontario."
}
] |
ivzozI6byr5Ld6uxm1mb
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The company announced new hires in Vancouver, Canada, and the pandemic contributes to lifting the stock."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In August 2013, Shopify acquired Jet Cooper, a 25-person design studio based in Toronto."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "On December 5, 2016, Shopify acquired Toronto-based mobile product development studio Tiny Hearts."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "On September 9, 2019, Shopify announced the acquisition of 6 River Systems, a Massachusetts-based fulfillment solutions company."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The company received $100 million in Series C funding in December 2013.By 2014, the platform had hosted approximately 120,000 online retailers, and was listed as #3 in Deloitte’s Fast50 in Canada, as well as #7 in Deloitte"
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In April 2019, Shopify announced an integration with Snapchat to allow Shopify merchants to buy and manage Snapchat Story ads directly on the Shopify platform."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The suite of products offered are Shopify Balance Account, Shopify Balance Card and Rewards."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "On May 11, 2017, Shopify acquired Oberlo, which was one of the star applications on its own Shopify App Store."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The API allows developers to create applications for Shopify online stores and then sell them on the Shopify App Store."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In January 2017, Shopify announced integration with Amazon that would allow merchants to sell on Amazon from their Shopify stores."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Shopify Inc. is a Canadian multinational e-commerce company headquartered in Ottawa, Ontario."
}
] |
Shopify is based in Canada.
| 0 | 0 |
Shopify
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "James Buchanan Jr. (; April 23, 1791 – June 1, 1868) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 15th president of the United States (1857–1861)."
}
] |
iwFgsCrtz4CK5IWvT7Ba
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1857–1861) | Secession",
"text": "Buchanan secretly asked President-elect Lincoln to call for a national referendum on the issue of slavery, but Lincoln declined."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Military service",
"text": "Buchanan is the only president with military experience who was not an officer."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1857–1861) | Secession",
"text": "When Buchanan considered surrendering Fort Sumter, the new cabinet members threatened to resign, and Buchanan relented."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Historical reputation",
"text": "Historical rankings of presidents of the United States without exception place Buchanan among the least successful presidents."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1857–1861) | Election of 1860",
"text": "Buchanan distrusted Scott and ignored his recommendations."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1857–1861) | 1858 mid-term elections",
"text": "Buchanan argued that these acts were unconstitutional."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1857–1861) | Utah War",
"text": "Buchanan was offended by the militarism and polygamous behavior of Young."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1857–1861) | Bleeding Kansas",
"text": "On one side were Buchanan, most Southern Democrats, and the \"doughfaces\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Congressional and diplomatic career | Secretary of State",
"text": "However, as the war came to an end, Buchanan argued for the annexation of further territory, and Polk began to suspect that Buchanan was primarily angling to become president."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1857–1861) | Panic of 1857",
"text": "Buchanan agreed with the southerners who attributed the economic collapse to overspeculation."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "James Buchanan Jr. (; April 23, 1791 – June 1, 1868) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 15th president of the United States (1857–1861)."
}
] |
Buchanan was the president in the middle of the 10th and 20th.
| 0 | 0 |
James Buchanan
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Major League Baseball career | 1970s",
"text": "At age 22, he became the youngest player to win the National League Most Valuable Player Award."
}
] |
ixfs3DRG9ba5q3VkYUZm
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Major League Baseball career | 1960s",
"text": "He also won the 1968 National League Gold Glove Award for catchers, which was the first time that the award had been won by a rookie."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League Baseball career | 1970s",
"text": "The Reds won in a four-game sweep and Bench was named the Series' MVP."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League Baseball career | 1970s",
"text": "Bench had another strong year in 1972, winning the MVP Award for a second time."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League Baseball career | 1960s",
"text": "In 1968, the 20-year-old Bench impressed many in his first full season; he won the National League Rookie of the Year Award, batting .275"
},
{
"section_header": "Major League Baseball career | 1970s",
"text": "The solo shot tied the game at three; the Reds won later in the inning on a wild pitch, 4–3."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League Baseball career | 1970s",
"text": "At age 22, he became the youngest player to win the National League Most Valuable Player Award."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career statistics",
"text": "In his career, Bench earned 10 Gold Gloves, was named to the National League All-Star team 14 times, and won two Most Valuable Player Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League Baseball career | 1960s",
"text": "This marked the first time that the award had been won by a catcher."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League Baseball career | 1970s",
"text": "He led the National League in home runs (40) and RBI (125) to help propel the Reds to another National League West Division title and won the NL pennant in the deciding fifth game over the Pittsburgh Pirates."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League Baseball career | 1970s",
"text": "He hit .293, led the National League with 45 home runs and a franchise-record 148 runs batted in as the Reds won the NL West Division."
}
] |
In 1970, Johnny Bench won the MVP award issued by baseball's National League.
| 2 | 4 |
Johnny Bench
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Freeman and Colley-Lee adopted Freeman's step-granddaughter from his first marriage, E'dena Hines, and raised her together."
}
] |
ixyoZnGLcJ9UINOQFv2n
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 2014–present",
"text": "The Story of God with Morgan Freeman and The Story of Us with Morgan Freeman, in 2016 and 2017, respectively."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Environmental and political activism",
"text": "And why are they all black? And why are all the police killing them white?"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Freeman hosted and narrated National Geographic's The Story of God with Morgan Freeman and The Story of Us with Morgan Freeman, in 2016 and 2017, respectively."
},
{
"section_header": "Filmography and theatre credits",
"text": "His television projects include The Long Way Home (1997), March of the Penguins (2005), The Story of God with Morgan Freeman (2016), and The Story of Us with Morgan Freeman (2017)."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and background",
"text": "Morgan Freeman was born on June 1, 1937 in Memphis, Tennessee."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Morgan Freeman (born June 1, 1937) is an American actor, director and narrator."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2014–present",
"text": "Everybody behaves better when Morgan is there [...]"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2014–present",
"text": "The plot follows an ex-FBI agent (Jones) who must put aside his personal feud with a former mob lawyer (Freeman) at a retirement home when the mafia comes to kill the pair."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Environmental and political activism",
"text": "In an interview on CNN's Piers Morgan Tonight, Freeman drew controversy when he accused the Tea Party movement of racism."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "So if I believe in God, and I do, it's because I think I'm God.\" Freeman later said that his experience working on The Story of God with Morgan Freeman did not change his views on religion."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Freeman and Colley-Lee adopted Freeman's step-granddaughter from his first marriage, E'dena Hines, and raised her together."
}
] |
Morgan Freeman had a biological grand daughter that was killed in a homicide.
| 0 | 0 |
Morgan Freeman
|
Literature
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Tartuffe, or The Impostor, or The Hypocrite (; French: Tartuffe, ou l'Imposteur, pronounced [taʁtyf u lɛ̃pɔstœʁ]), first performed in 1664, is one of the most famous theatrical comedies by Molière."
},
{
"section_header": "Production history",
"text": "The original version of the play was in three acts and was first staged on 12 May 1664 as part of festivities known as Les Plaisirs de l'île enchantée held at the Palace of Versailles."
}
] |
iyMIbgpspvrfK8bIDO3x
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The play is written entirely in twelve-syllable lines (alexandrines) of rhyming couplets - 1,962 lines in all."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Tartuffe, or The Impostor, or The Hypocrite (; French: Tartuffe, ou l'Imposteur, pronounced [taʁtyf u lɛ̃pɔstœʁ]), first performed in 1664, is one of the most famous theatrical comedies by Molière."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Molière wrote Tartuffe in 1664."
},
{
"section_header": "Production history | Modern productions",
"text": "Written in modern verse, Tartuffe: Born Again adhered closely to the structure and form of the original."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "It turns out that earlier, before the events of the play, Orgon had admitted to Tartuffe that he had possession of a box of incriminating letters (written by a friend, not by him)."
},
{
"section_header": "Production history | Modern productions",
"text": "The authors created their own rhymed verse in the Molière tradition."
},
{
"section_header": "Production history",
"text": "The original version of the play was in three acts and was first staged on 12 May 1664 as part of festivities known as Les Plaisirs de l'île enchantée held at the Palace of Versailles."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Stage",
"text": "Adaptation in English rhyming couplets set in London in 2017 by Andrew Hilton and Dominic Power, premiered by Shakespeare at the Tobacco Factory and Tobacco Factory Theatres in Bristol, April–May 2017."
},
{
"section_header": "Production history",
"text": "Although the original version could not be played publicly, it could be given privately, and it was seen on 25 September 1664 in Villers-Cotterêts and 29 November 1664 at the Château du Raincy."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "The 2007 French film Molière contains many references, both direct and indirect, to Tartuffe, the most notable of which is that the character of Molière masquerades as a priest and calls himself \"Tartuffe\"."
}
] |
The comedy by Molière, Tartuffe, was written in 1664, performed at Versailles and is written in twelve-syllable lines of rhyming couplets.
| 1 | 4 |
Tartuffe
|
Music
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | The Circle and Greatest Hits (2009–2011)",
"text": "The Circle is a return to rock n' roll after their Nashville-influenced album, Lost Highway."
},
{
"section_header": "History | The Circle and Greatest Hits (2009–2011)",
"text": "On November 10, 2009, the band released their eleventh studio album, titled The Circle."
}
] |
iyR8YwZiJPLfAiesOMmX
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Keep the Faith, Cross Road and These Days (1992–1996)",
"text": "To promote Keep The Faith they returned to their roots playing a few dates at the small New Jersey clubs where they had started their career."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Crush, Bounce and This Left Feels Right (1999–2003)",
"text": "Bon Jovi's compilation album This"
},
{
"section_header": "History | Crush, Bounce and This Left Feels Right (1999–2003)",
"text": "This was Bon Jovi's first-ever live album."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Bon Jovi, 7800° Fahrenheit, Slippery When Wet and New Jersey (1984–1989)",
"text": "In 1985, Bon Jovi's second album, 7800° Fahrenheit, was released."
},
{
"section_header": "History | The Circle and Greatest Hits (2009–2011)",
"text": "The Circle is a return to rock n' roll after their Nashville-influenced album, Lost Highway."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Keep the Faith, Cross Road and These Days (1992–1996)",
"text": "\"Bon Jovi's sixth studio album, These Days, was released in June 1995, during which time the band on European tour."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1992, the band returned with the double-platinum Keep the Faith."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Circle (2009) marked a return to the band's rock sound."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Burning Bridges and This House Is Not for Sale (2015–2018)",
"text": "It consists of Bon Jovi's 13 studio albums, the compilation Burning Bridges (2015), the two Jon Bon Jovi solo albums (Blaze of Glory and Destination Anywhere), and an exclusive Extras album featuring \"international rarities\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Keep the Faith, Cross Road and These Days (1992–1996)",
"text": "The media focused considerable attention on Jon Bon Jovi's hair."
},
{
"section_header": "History | The Circle and Greatest Hits (2009–2011)",
"text": "On November 10, 2009, the band released their eleventh studio album, titled The Circle."
}
] |
Bon Jovi's 11th album was a return to their rockin' roots.
| 1 | 2 |
Bon Jovi
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "On May 6, 2015, Bateman and Ginnifer Goodwin were announced as having been cast, respectively in the roles of Nick Wilde and Judy Hopps."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "In a world of anthropomorphic mammals, rabbit Judy Hopps from rural Bunnyburrow fulfills her childhood dream of becoming a police officer in urban Zootopia."
}
] |
iyoQN3Qrnd9gDs9Dfttt
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Animation",
"text": "Disney's most recent work on animating fur was for the titular character of the 2008 film Bolt, but the software they had used at the time was not ready for creating the realistic fur of the animals of Zootopia."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | United States and Canada",
"text": "In June 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic closing most theaters worldwide and limiting what films played, Zootopia returned to 280 theaters (mostly drive-ins) and grossed $393,600."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Zootopia received generally positive reviews from critics, who praised its screenplay, animation, voice acting, subject matter, and Michael Giacchino's musical score."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "In a world of anthropomorphic mammals, rabbit Judy Hopps from rural Bunnyburrow fulfills her childhood dream of becoming a police officer in urban Zootopia."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Animation",
"text": "Therefore, the studio's IT engineers developed the fur-controlling software \"iGroom\", which gave character designers precise control over the brushing, shaping and shading of fur and made it possible to create a variety of eccentric character styles for each animal."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "He explained that he had said to the directors: \"'What kind of voice do you guys want me to do?'"
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Writing",
"text": "Development of the film that would come to be called Zootopia began when Byron Howard pitched six story ideas to Disney Animation chief creative officer and executive producer John Lasseter, of which three involved animal characters: an all-animal adaptation of The Three Musketeers, a 1960s-themed story about a \"mad doctor cat...who turned children into animals\", and a \"bounty-hunter pug in space\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Soundtrack",
"text": "In addition to her voice role of Gazelle, pop star Shakira also contributed an original song to the film titled \"Try Everything\", which was written by Sia and Stargate."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Despite being the academy valedictorian, Judy is delegated to parking duty by Chief Bogo, who doubts her potential because she is a rabbit."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Writing",
"text": "According to Howard, Zootopia emerged from his desire to create something different from other animal anthropomorphic films, where animals either live in the natural world or in the human world."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "On May 6, 2015, Bateman and Ginnifer Goodwin were announced as having been cast, respectively in the roles of Nick Wilde and Judy Hopps."
}
] |
In the animated film Zootopia, the character of the rabbit is voiced by Alicia Silverstone.
| 0 | 0 |
Zootopia
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California in 1961."
}
] |
iypNBXLxTMOATMcj5AVv
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | 1962–1967: Peak years | \"Good Vibrations\" and Smile",
"text": "\"Throughout 1966, EMI had flooded the UK market with previously unreleased albums by the band, including Beach Boys' Party!, The Beach Boys Today!"
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1967–1969: Faltered popularity and Brian's reduced involvement | Friends, 20/20, and Manson affair",
"text": "The album became the first Beach Boys LP that failed to chart in the US and UK."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2000s: Band split",
"text": "In turn, Jardine left the band and began to tour regularly with his band \"Beach Boys: Family & Friends\" until he ran into legal issues for using the name without license."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1962–1967: Peak years | \"Good Vibrations\" and Smile",
"text": "Over the final quarter of 1966, the Beach Boys were the highest-selling album act in the UK, where for the first time in three years American artists broke the chart dominance of British acts."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1970–1978: Reprise era | Sunflower and Surf's Up",
"text": "\" In the UK, the album reached 29."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1970–1978: Reprise era | Sunflower and Surf's Up",
"text": "The album received critical acclaim in both the US and the UK."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California in 1961."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2000s: Band split",
"text": "Brother Records Inc. (BRI) to tour as \"The Beach Boys\" and secured the necessary license."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1958–1961: Formation",
"text": "When the single was released a few weeks later, the band found that they had been renamed \"the Beach Boys\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and cultural influence | Achievements and accolades",
"text": "The Beach Boys are one of the most critically acclaimed, commercially successful, and influential bands of all time."
}
] |
The Beach Boys were a band from the U.K.
| 0 | 0 |
The Beach Boys
|
NOCAT
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Suttles died of cancer in Newark, New Jersey, at age 65."
},
{
"section_header": "Negro league career",
"text": "Born in Edgewater, Alabama, Suttles played one game for the Atlantic City Bacharach Giants in 1921, and broke into the Negro National League in 1923 with the Birmingham Black Barons."
}
] |
izkv3kMGngm5IveK8QJa
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "George \"Mule\" Suttles (March 31, 1901 – July 9, 1966) was an American first baseman and outfielder in Negro league baseball, most prominently with the Birmingham Black Barons, St. Louis Stars and Newark Eagles."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Suttles, who stood 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m), weighed in at 195 lbs, and used a 50-ounce bat, was known for his power, including several 500+ foot homers; a game against the Memphis Red Sox in which he blasted three homers in a single inning, and a home run at Havana, Cuba's Tropicana Park that flew over a 60-foot (18 m) high center field fence and landed in the ocean."
},
{
"section_header": "Negro league career",
"text": "Born in Edgewater, Alabama, Suttles played one game for the Atlantic City Bacharach Giants in 1921, and broke into the Negro National League in 1923 with the Birmingham Black Barons."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "\" It was because of Suttles' strength that he got his nickname, and late in games when a big hit was needed his teammates would encourage him with cries of, \"Kick, Mule!\" Clarence Israel, an Eagles player, was quoted as saying, \"He was considered my dad."
},
{
"section_header": "Career totals",
"text": "He hit .329 with 129 home runs in Negro League competition, the latter number second on the all-time list in Negro League play, behind only Turkey Stearnes."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "\"In 2001, writer Bill James ranked Suttles as the 43rd-greatest baseball player of all-time and the second-best left fielder in the Negro leagues."
},
{
"section_header": "Negro league career",
"text": "In five years with the Stars (1926–1930), he led the league in home runs twice and in doubles, triples, and batting average once each."
},
{
"section_header": "Negro league career",
"text": "Suttles was renowned for hitting for power as well as batting average."
},
{
"section_header": "Negro league career",
"text": "Suttles' final seasons were spent playing first base for the Newark Eagles' \"Million Dollar Infield\" with Dick Seay at second, Willie Wells at shortstop, and Ray Dandridge at third."
},
{
"section_header": "Negro league career",
"text": "He also managed, and was highly respected."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Suttles died of cancer in Newark, New Jersey, at age 65."
}
] |
Mule Suttles joined the Negro League and passed away in his 60s.
| 2 | 4 |
Mule Suttles
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film stars Robert Redford and Dustin Hoffman as Woodward and Bernstein, respectively; it was produced by Walter Coblenz for Redford's Wildwood Enterprises."
}
] |
izuLHV8qQHMwoo4XfGEz
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "\"All The President's Men\" Revisited",
"text": "Sundance Productions, which Redford owns, produced a two-hour documentary entitled \"All The President's Men\" Revisited."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film stars Robert Redford and Dustin Hoffman as Woodward and Bernstein, respectively; it was produced by Walter Coblenz for Redford's Wildwood Enterprises."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "All the President's Men grossed $70.6 million at the box office."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "Entertainment Weekly ranked All the President's Men as one of its 25 \"Powerful Political Thrillers\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "All the President's Men is a 1976 American political thriller film about the Watergate scandal, which brought down the presidency of Richard M. Nixon."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "Academy members indicated that, given a second chance, they would award the 1977 Oscar for Best Picture to All the President's Men instead of Rocky."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "3 1⁄2 stars out of 4, and wrote: \"It provides the most observant study of working journalists we're ever likely to see in a feature film."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "Karl Malden, Hal Holbrook (who would play Deep Throat), John Forsythe, Leslie Nielsen, Henry Fonda, Richard Widmark, Christopher Plummer, Anthony Quinn, Gene Hackman, Burt Lancaster, Robert Stack, Robert Mitchum and Telly Savalas were also considered for the role."
},
{
"section_header": "\"All The President's Men\" Revisited",
"text": "Broadcast on Discovery Channel Worldwide on March 24, 2013, the documentary focuses on the Watergate case and the subsequent film adaptation."
},
{
"section_header": "\"All The President's Men\" Revisited",
"text": "It simultaneously recounts how The Washington Post broke Watergate and how the scandal unfolded, going behind the scenes of the film."
}
] |
All the President's Men stars Robert De Niro.
| 0 | 0 |
All the President's Men (film)
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The crusade dealt an irrevocable blow to the Byzantine Empire, contributing to its decline, paving the way for Muslim conquests in Anatolia and the Balkans in the coming centuries."
}
] |
j0BgwJExgQClv3gFl3v6
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Outcomes | Partition of the Byzantine Empire",
"text": "Besides the individual Byzantine rump states in Epirus and Nicaea, and the also Christian Bulgarian Empire, there was also the Seljuk Sultanate."
},
{
"section_header": "Outcomes | Partition of the Byzantine Empire",
"text": "Meanwhile, Byzantine refugees founded their own rump states, the most notable of these being the Empire of Nicaea under Theodore Laskaris (a relative of Alexios III), the Empire of Trebizond, and the Despotate of Epirus."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The presence of the Latin Crusader states almost immediately led to war with the Byzantine successor states and the Bulgarian Empire."
},
{
"section_header": "Outcomes | Partition of the Byzantine Empire",
"text": "According to a subsequent treaty, the empire was apportioned between Venice and the leaders of the crusade, and the Latin Empire of Constantinople was established."
},
{
"section_header": "Outcomes | Partition of the Byzantine Empire",
"text": "The Latin Empire was soon faced with a number of enemies."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "However, a sequence of economic and political events culminated in the Crusader army's 1204 Sack of Constantinople, the capital of the Greek Christian-controlled Byzantine Empire, rather than Egypt as originally planned."
},
{
"section_header": "Outcomes | Partition of the Byzantine Empire",
"text": "Boniface went on to found the Kingdom of Thessalonica, a vassal state of the new Latin Empire."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Nicaean Empire eventually recovered Constantinople and restored the Byzantine Empire in 1261."
},
{
"section_header": "Outcomes | Partition of the Byzantine Empire",
"text": "Boniface was not elected as the new emperor, although the citizens seemed to consider him as such; the Venetians thought he had too many connections with the former empire because of his brother, Renier of Montferrat, who had been married to Maria Komnene, empress in the 1170s and 1180s."
},
{
"section_header": "Diversion | Reign of Alexios IV",
"text": "While holding the court rank of protovestilarios, Doukas had led Byzantine forces during the initial clashes with the crusaders, winning respect from both military and populace."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The crusade dealt an irrevocable blow to the Byzantine Empire, contributing to its decline, paving the way for Muslim conquests in Anatolia and the Balkans in the coming centuries."
}
] |
This event led to the downfall of Byzantine Empire.
| 0 | 0 |
Fourth Crusade
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It has been nominated for numerous awards including Emmys, BAFTAs and a Golden Globe, winning several awards across a variety of categories."
}
] |
j0MJURKE7XBUpuzLAC7x
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "In the 2011 BAFTA awards, the show as a whole won the award for Best Drama Series, while Freeman (as Dr Watson) won the award for the Best Supporting Actor."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Gwilym Mumford, for The Guardian, suggested that \"this has to do with the fact that Moffat and Gatiss are enormously knowledgeable about Conan Doyle's work, and their reimagining incorporates big- and small-screen adaptations of Holmes, as well as the original stories."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It has been nominated for numerous awards including Emmys, BAFTAs and a Golden Globe, winning several awards across a variety of categories."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "Following multiple nominations for the 63rd Primetime Emmy Awards (2011) and 64th Primetime Emmy Awards (2012), the show won multiple Emmys at the 66th Primetime Emmy Awards (2014), including Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie for Cumberbatch, Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie for Freeman and Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Miniseries, Movie or a Dramatic Special for Moffat."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "The show was also nominated for the YouTube Audience Award."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In addition, the show was also honoured with a Peabody Award in 2011."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "\" A Study in Pink\" and \"A Scandal in Belgravia\" were nominated for Emmy Awards in a variety of categories."
},
{
"section_header": "Home release and merchandise | Clothing",
"text": "The Independent reported, \"designer Paul Costelloe moved to meet the demand, offering tailored coats and scarves based on the series, while Savile Row bespoke tailor John Pearse said many of his clients were inquiring about the actors' clothes.\" Journalist Alexis Petridis commented, \"[Y]ou can see why men wanted to get the look."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Production design and filming",
"text": "Costumes for the pilot were designed by BAFTA Cymru award-winning costume designer Ray Holman."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "It subsequently won the Emmy for Best Television Film at the 68th Primetime Emmy Awards (2016)."
}
] |
Sherlock was suggested for many TV awards.
| 0 | 0 |
Sherlock (TV series)
|
Science
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "However, the earliest surviving records of the explicit study of prime numbers come from ancient Greek mathematics."
}
] |
j0X4L02WqgKsNkeFEsN8
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "There are infinitely many primes, as demonstrated by Euclid around 300 BC."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Primality of one",
"text": "Most early Greeks did not even consider 1 to be a number, so they could not consider its primality."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Primality of one",
"text": "The medieval Islamic mathematicians largely followed the Greeks in viewing 1 as not being a number."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Primality of one",
"text": "By the early 20th century, mathematicians began to agree that 1 should not be listed as prime, but rather in its own special category as a \"unit\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "However, the earliest surviving records of the explicit study of prime numbers come from ancient Greek mathematics."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Euclid's Elements (c. 300 BC) proves the infinitude of primes and the fundamental theorem of arithmetic, and shows how to construct a perfect number from a Mersenne prime."
},
{
"section_header": "Analytic properties",
"text": "This area of study began with Leonhard Euler and his first major result, the solution to the Basel problem."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The property of being prime is called primality."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Primality of one",
"text": "By the Middle Ages and Renaissance mathematicians began treating 1 as a number, and some of them included it as the first prime number."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Primality of one",
"text": "However, Euclid and a majority of the other Greek mathematicians considered 2 as prime."
}
] |
Prime numbers began to be studied by the Greeks as early as 300 BC.
| 2 | 5 |
Prime number
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was based on the 1946 short story The Wisdom of Eve by Mary Orr, although screen credit was not given for it."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film stars Bette Davis as Margo Channing, a highly regarded but aging Broadway star."
}
] |
j12IwXBlCYcKYqHQadEc
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Margo Channing (Bette Davis) is one of the biggest stars on Broadway."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film stars Bette Davis as Margo Channing, a highly regarded but aging Broadway star."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "He changed the main character's name from Margola Cranston to Margo Channing and retained several of Orr's characters – Eve Harrington, Lloyd and Karen Richards, and Miss Casswell – while removing Margo Channing's husband completely and replacing him with a new character, Bill Sampson."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Several months later, Eve is a shining Broadway star headed for Hollywood."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was based on the 1946 short story The Wisdom of Eve by Mary Orr, although screen credit was not given for it."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "\"The Wisdom of Eve\" (1946). In the story, Orr gives the girl a more ruthless character and allows her to succeed in stealing the older actress' career."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Sarah Siddons Award",
"text": "In 1952, a small group of distinguished Chicago theater-goers began to give an award with that name, which was sculpted to look like the one used in the film."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "As Coonan was the only one immediately suspicious of Eve Harrington, he was confident Ritter would contribute a shrewd characterization casting doubt on Eve and providing a counterpoint to the more \"theatrical\" personalities of the other characters."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "In 1949, Mankiewicz was considering a story about an aging actress and, upon reading \"The Wisdom of Eve,\" felt the conniving girl would be a useful added element."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "The site's critics consensus reads: \"Smart, sophisticated, and devastatingly funny, All About Eve is a Hollywood classic that only improves with age.\" Metacritic assigned a weighted average score of 98 out of 100, based on 15 critics, indicating \"universal acclaim\"."
}
] |
All About Eve is based on a story of a different name and the main character is an aging Broadway star.
| 0 | 0 |
All About Eve
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The company was started in John Warnock's garage."
}
] |
j1VkKy9jGc7UbxFSDof9
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "That creek is so named because of the type of clay found there, which alludes to the creative nature of the company's software."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "In October 2008, Adobe Systems Canada Inc. was named one of \"Canada's Top 100 Employers\" by Mediacorp Canada Inc. and was featured in Maclean's newsmagazine."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In the same year, Adobe acquired LaserTools Corp and Compution Inc."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In October 2018, Adobe officially changed its name from Adobe Systems Incorporated to Adobe Inc."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Adobe was founded in December 1982 by John Warnock and Charles Geschke, who established the company after leaving Xerox PARC in order to develop and sell the PostScript page description language."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Inc. In 1994, Adobe acquired Aldus and added PageMaker and After Effects to its product line later in the year; it also controls the TIFF file format."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Adobe Inc. ( ə-DOH-bee), is an American multinational computer software company headquartered in San Jose, California, and incorporated in Delaware."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In July 2010, Adobe bought Day Software integrating their line of CQ Products: WCM, DAM, SOCO, and MobileIn January 2011, Adobe acquired DemDex, Inc. with the intent of adding DemDex's audience-optimization software to its online marketing suite."
},
{
"section_header": "Products",
"text": "Graphic design software Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Pagemaker, Adobe Lightroom, Adobe InDesign, Adobe InCopy, Adobe ImageReady, Adobe Illustrator, Adobe Freehand, Adobe FrameMaker, Adobe Fireworks, Adobe Acrobat, Adobe XD"
},
{
"section_header": "Products",
"text": "Web design programs Adobe Muse, Adobe GoLive, Adobe Flash Builder, Adobe Flash, Adobe Edge, Adobe Dreamweaver, Adobe Contribute"
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The company was started in John Warnock's garage."
}
] |
Adobe Inc. was founded in the founders summer vacation home.
| 0 | 0 |
Adobe Inc.
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Battle of Marathon (Ancient Greek: Μάχη τοῦ Μαραθῶνος, romanized: Machē tou Marathōnos) took place in 490 BC during the first Persian invasion of Greece."
}
] |
j1j6eGaxSuv9dr8Uslb6
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was fought between the citizens of Athens, aided by Plataea, and a Persian force commanded by Datis and Artaphernes."
},
{
"section_header": "Opposing forces | Persians",
"text": "Regarding the ethnicities involved in the battle, Herodotus specifically mentions the presence of the Persians and the Sakae at the center of the Achaemenid line: They fought a long time at Marathon."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Battle of Marathon (Ancient Greek: Μάχη τοῦ Μαραθῶνος, romanized: Machē tou Marathōnos) took place in 490 BC during the first Persian invasion of Greece."
},
{
"section_header": "Opposing forces | Persians",
"text": "Among ancient sources, the poet Simonides, another near-contemporary, says the campaign force numbered 200,000; while a later writer, the Roman Cornelius Nepos estimates 200,000 infantry and 10,000 cavalry, of which only 100,000 fought in the battle, while the rest were loaded into the fleet that was rounding Cape Sounion; Plutarch and Pausanias both independently give 300,000, as does the Suda dictionary."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle",
"text": "The distance between the two armies at the point of battle had narrowed to \"a distance not less than 8 stadia\" or about 1,500 meters."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "However, it was also the result of the longer-term interaction between the Greeks and Persians."
},
{
"section_header": "Prelude",
"text": "There does, however, seem to have been a delay between the Athenian arrival at Marathon and the battle; Herodotus, who evidently believed that Miltiades was eager to attack, may have made a mistake while seeking to explain this delay."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Marathon run",
"text": "In some medieval codices of Herodotus, the name of the runner between Athens and Sparta before the battle is given as Philippides, and this name is also preferred in a few modern editions."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "The Ionian Revolt had begun with an unsuccessful expedition against Naxos, a joint venture between the Persian satrap Artaphernes and the Milesian tyrant Aristagoras."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Battle of Marathon was a watershed in the Greco-Persian wars, showing the Greeks that the Persians could be beaten; the eventual Greek triumph in these wars can be seen to have begun at Marathon."
}
] |
The Battle of Marathon was fought between the Romans and the Persians.
| 0 | 0 |
Battle of Marathon
|
Popular Culture
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Les Misérables (, French: [le mizeʁabl(ə)]) is a French historical novel by Victor Hugo, first published in 1862, that is considered one of the greatest novels of the 19th century."
}
] |
j1lCaEv2mMOnzLqbeUta
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Les Misérables (, French: [le mizeʁabl(ə)]) is a French historical novel by Victor Hugo, first published in 1862, that is considered one of the greatest novels of the 19th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Contemporary reception",
"text": "The appearance of the novel was a highly anticipated event as Victor Hugo was considered one of France's foremost poets in the middle of the nineteenth century."
},
{
"section_header": "Novel form",
"text": "The novel as a whole is one of the longest ever written, with 655,478 words in the original French."
},
{
"section_header": "Novel form | Digressions",
"text": "The century that Waterloo was intended to arrest has pursued its march."
},
{
"section_header": "Novel form",
"text": "Upton Sinclair described the novel as \"one of the half-dozen greatest novels of the world\", and remarked that Hugo set forth the purpose of Les Misérables in the Preface: So long as there shall exist, by reason of law and custom, a social condemnation, which, in the face of civilization, artificially creates hells on earth, and complicates a destiny that is divine with human fatality; so long as the three problems of the age—the degradation of man by poverty, the ruin of women by starvation, and the dwarfing of childhood by physical and spiritual night—are not solved; so long as, in certain regions, social asphyxia shall be possible; in other words, and from a yet more extended point of view, so long as ignorance and misery remain on earth, books like this cannot be useless."
},
{
"section_header": "Novel form | Digressions",
"text": "One critic has called this \"the spiritual gateway\" to the novel, as its chance encounter of Thénardier and Colonel Pontmercy foreshadows so many of the novel's encounters \"blending chance and necessity\", a \"confrontation of heroism and villainy\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Novel form | Digressions",
"text": "One biographer noted that \"the digressions of genius are easily pardoned\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Novel form",
"text": "Towards the end of the novel, Hugo explains the work's overarching structure: The book which the reader has before him at this moment is, from one end to the other, in its entirety and details ... a progress from evil to good, from injustice to justice, from falsehood to truth, from night to day, from appetite to conscience, from corruption to life; from bestiality to duty, from hell to heaven, from nothingness to God."
},
{
"section_header": "Novel form | Digressions",
"text": "The one about convents he titles \"Parenthesis\" to alert the reader to its irrelevance to the story line."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | Friends of the ABC",
"text": "Considered notoriously unlucky, Lesgle begins balding at the age of twenty-five."
}
] |
It is considered one of the greatest novels of the 19th century.
| 2 | 6 |
Les Misérables
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "Though 10% larger than France and almost twice as large as Germany or Japan and more than twice the size of the United Kingdom, it ranks only 27th worldwide amongst country subdivisions by size."
}
] |
j21TloalnFA4oxdKJBlF
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although Texas is popularly associated with the U.S. southwestern deserts, less than ten percent of Texas's land area is desert."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Administrative divisions",
"text": "The county provides limited services to unincorporated areas and to some smaller incorporated areas."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Politics | Texas politics today",
"text": "John McCain won the state in 2008, but with a smaller margin of victory compared to Bush at 55 percent of the vote."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Ethnicity",
"text": "People of African and Native American ancestry were even smaller in number (15,300), and makeup just 0.1 percent of the total population."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Ethnicity",
"text": "Native Americans are a smaller minority in the state."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "France held a short-lived colony."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Ethnicity",
"text": "Sugar Land, a city within the Houston metropolitan area, and Plano, within the Dallas metropolitan area, both have high concentrations of ethnic Chinese and Korean residents."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Cities, towns, and metropolitan areas",
"text": "The region of 60,000 square miles (160,000 km2) contains most of the state's largest cities and metropolitan areas as well as 17 million people, nearly 75 percent of Texas's total population."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Pre-European era",
"text": "When Europeans arrived in the Texas region, there were several races of Native peoples divided into many smaller tribes."
},
{
"section_header": "Transportation",
"text": "From the Dallas/Fort Worth area, trucks can reach 93 percent of the nation's population within 48 hours, and 37 percent within 24 hours."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "Though 10% larger than France and almost twice as large as Germany or Japan and more than twice the size of the United Kingdom, it ranks only 27th worldwide amongst country subdivisions by size."
}
] |
In comparison to France, Texas is about eight percent smaller in land area.
| 0 | 0 |
Texas
|
Music
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early years and education in Italy",
"text": "Mistrusting the quality of musical education available in England, Stefano Storace sent his son to Italy to study, at the Conservatorio di Sant' Onofrio, Naples."
}
] |
j2EED3ntuX7LvN2GQ4sZ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early years and education in Italy",
"text": "Stephen neglected his musical studies in Italy, and went on painting expeditions with Thomas Jones."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years and education in Italy",
"text": "Towards the end of their studies, Stephen and Nancy first made the acquaintance of Michael Kelly, whom they encountered by chance in Livorno."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years and education in Italy",
"text": "Mistrusting the quality of musical education available in England, Stefano Storace sent his son to Italy to study, at the Conservatorio di Sant' Onofrio, Naples."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years and education in Italy",
"text": "Kelly was with English-speaking friends, and ventured an opinion (in English) as to whether the young person with Stephen was a boy or a girl."
},
{
"section_header": "Early professional employment in Vienna, 1785–1787",
"text": "Stephen was regularly playing pool with Wolfgang."
},
{
"section_header": "Early professional employment in Vienna, 1785–1787",
"text": "It is unclear how Stephen obtained his first commission to compose an Italian opera for the Viennese stage, but the commission was most likely obtained by Nancy sometime in the fall of 1784, with Stephen arriving in Vienna sometime in late December of that same year."
},
{
"section_header": "Early professional employment in Vienna, 1785–1787",
"text": "Stephen produced his first opera, Gli sposi malcontenti, at Vienna, on 1 June 1785."
},
{
"section_header": "Early professional employment in Vienna, 1785–1787",
"text": "Stephen produced a second opera in Vienna, Gli equivoci, founded on Shakespeare's The Comedy of Errors."
},
{
"section_header": "The English Operas, 1787–1796",
"text": "Stephen quickly established his credentials with Sheridan as a young man who could quickly and competently produce good results."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Stephen John Seymour Storace (4 April 1762 – 19 March 1796) was an English composer."
}
] |
Stephen did not study in Italy.
| 0 | 2 |
Stephen Storace
|
History
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The First Opium War, fought in 1839-1842 between the Qing and Great Britain, was triggered by the dynasty's campaign against the opium trade; the Second Opium War was fought between the Qing and Britain and France, 1856-1860."
}
] |
j2JawCkfgDvrb7NiJ2cC
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "First Opium War",
"text": "The First Opium War began in 1839 and was fought over trade, financial reparations, and diplomatic status."
},
{
"section_header": "First Opium War",
"text": "The illegal trade, however, burgeoned."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The First Opium War, fought in 1839-1842 between the Qing and Great Britain, was triggered by the dynasty's campaign against the opium trade; the Second Opium War was fought between the Qing and Britain and France, 1856-1860."
},
{
"section_header": "First Opium War",
"text": "According to United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, the East India Company sent the opium to their warehouses in the free-trade region of Canton (Guangzhou), from where Chinese smugglers would take the opium farther into China."
},
{
"section_header": "Second Opium War",
"text": "In spite of this, a new Imperial Commissioner, Ye Mingchen was appointed at Canton, determined to stamp out the illegal opium trade."
},
{
"section_header": "First Opium War",
"text": "20,000 chests (1,300 metric tons) of opium were handed over to Lin and destroyed at Humen."
},
{
"section_header": "First Opium War",
"text": "The Chinese Jiaqing Emperor issued edicts making opium illegal in 1729, 1799, 1814, and 1831, but imports grew as smugglers found it handsomely profitable and shared their wealth with local officials. ."
},
{
"section_header": "First Opium War",
"text": "Some Americans entered the trade by smuggling opium from Turkey into China."
},
{
"section_header": "Second Opium War",
"text": "Britain now sought greater concessions from China, including the legalization of the opium trade, expansion of the trade in coolies (cheap labourers), opening all of China to British merchants and opium traffickers, and to exempt foreign imports from internal transit duties."
},
{
"section_header": "First Opium War",
"text": "In the eighteenth century, China enjoyed a favorable trade balance with Europe, selling porcelains, silk, and tea in exchange for silver."
}
] |
The Opium Wars were fought to gain control over the opium trade and gain the most money from the illegal drugs.
| 2 | 6 |
Opium Wars
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "College",
"text": "He attended Harvard College on a need-based scholarship."
}
] |
j2SldV8ZgefHQd64MN8f
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Tommy Lee Jones (born September 15, 1946) is an American actor and filmmaker."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was raised in Midland, Texas and attended Robert E. Lee High School."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Early acting and film (1960s–1980)",
"text": "In 1970, he landed his first film role, coincidentally playing a Harvard student in Love Story (Erich Segal, the author of Love Story, said that he based the lead character of Oliver on aspects of two undergraduate roommates he knew while on a sabbatical at Harvard, Jones and Al Gore).In"
},
{
"section_header": "College",
"text": "He attended Harvard College on a need-based scholarship."
},
{
"section_header": "College | College football",
"text": "The game featured a memorable and last-minute Harvard 16-point comeback to tie Yale."
},
{
"section_header": "College | College football",
"text": "He recounted his memory of \"the most famous football game in Ivy League history\" in the documentary Harvard Beats Yale 29-29."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Later years (2005–present)",
"text": "Jones has been a spokesman for Japanese brewing company Suntory since 2006."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Jones was born on September 15, 1946, in San Saba, Texas."
},
{
"section_header": "College | College football",
"text": "Jones played guard on Harvard's undefeated 1968 football team."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Later years (2005–present)",
"text": "In 2010, Jones appeared alongside Ben Affleck in the recession drama"
}
] |
Tommy Lee Jones parents helped him financially with his education at Harvard University.
| 1 | 3 |
Tommy Lee Jones
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The \"Battle Hymn of the Republic\", also known as"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"Mine Eyes Have Seen the Glory\" outside of the United States, is a lyric by the abolitionist writer Julia Ward Howe using the music from the song \"John Brown's Body\"."
}
] |
j2dFdsrDYxw3aXMOPuEc
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Creation of the \"Battle Hymn\"",
"text": "Howe's \"Battle Hymn of the Republic\" was first published on the front page of The Atlantic Monthly of February 1862."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Creation of the \"Battle Hymn\"",
"text": "Staying at the Willard Hotel in Washington on the night of November 18, 1861, Howe wrote the verses to the \"Battle Hymn of the Republic."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Creation of the \"Battle Hymn\"",
"text": "Both \"John Brown\" and \"Battle Hymn of the Republic\" were published in Father Kemp's Old Folks Concert Tunes in 1874 and reprinted in 1889."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Cultural influences",
"text": "The inscription, \"Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord\", is written at the feet of the sculpture of the fallen soldier at the American Cemetery in Normandy, France."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The \"Battle Hymn of the Republic\", also known as"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"Mine Eyes Have Seen the Glory\" outside of the United States, is a lyric by the abolitionist writer Julia Ward Howe using the music from the song \"John Brown's Body\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Recordings and public performances",
"text": "Churchill's favourite hymns were sung, including the \"Battle Hymn of the Republic\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Cultural influences",
"text": "In fact, the latter sermon, King's last public words, ends with the first lyrics of the \"Battle Hymn\": \"Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord.\" Bishop Michael B. Curry of North Carolina, after his election as the first African American Presiding Bishop of The Episcopal Church, delivered a sermon to the Church's General Convention on July 3, 2015, in which the lyrics of The Battle Hymn framed the message of God's love."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Other songs set to this tune",
"text": "Some songs make use of both the melody and elements of the lyrics of \"The Battle Hymn of the Republic\", either in tribute or as a parody: \"Marching Song of the First Arkansas\" is a Civil War-era song that has a similar lyrical structure to \"The Battle Hymn of the Republic\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Popularity and widespread use",
"text": "In the years since the Civil War, \"The Battle Hymn of the Republic\" has been used frequently as an American patriotic song."
}
] |
The Battle Hymn of the Republic was also referred to as "Mine Eyes Have Seen the Glory".
| 2 | 3 |
Battle Hymn of the Republic
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Frederick Douglass (born Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey; c. February 1818 – February 20, 1895) was an American social reformer, abolitionist, orator, writer, and statesman."
}
] |
j2ymC6mJVAs6FCMZIFHX
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Abolitionist and preacher",
"text": "In 1847, Frederick Douglass explained to Garrison, \"I have no love for America, as such; I have no patriotism."
},
{
"section_header": "Abolitionist and preacher | Autobiography",
"text": "In 1881, after the Civil War, Douglass published Life and Times of Frederick Douglass, which he revised in 1892."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Frederick Douglass (born Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey; c. February 1818 – February 20, 1895) was an American social reformer, abolitionist, orator, writer, and statesman."
},
{
"section_header": "Works | Writings",
"text": "Life and Times of Frederick Douglass."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and honors",
"text": "In 2010, the Frederick Douglass Memorial was unveiled at Frederick Douglass Circle at the northwest corner of Central Park in New York City."
},
{
"section_header": "Abolitionist and preacher | Ideological refinement",
"text": "Meanwhile, in 1851, Douglass merged the North Star with Gerrit Smith's Liberty Party Paper to form Frederick Douglass' Paper, which was published until 1860."
},
{
"section_header": "Abolitionist and preacher | Autobiography",
"text": "Douglass's best-known work is his first autobiography, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, written during his time in Lynn, Massachusetts and published in 1845."
},
{
"section_header": "Civil War years | Fight for emancipation and suffrage",
"text": "Another son, Frederick Douglass Jr., also served as a recruiter."
},
{
"section_header": "Works | Writings",
"text": "1845. A Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave."
},
{
"section_header": "Final years in Washington, D.C.",
"text": "The home is now preserved as the Frederick Douglass National Historic Site."
}
] |
Frederick Douglass was an abolitionist.
| 0 | 0 |
Frederick Douglass
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Taylor Alison Swift (born December 13, 1989) is an American singer-songwriter."
}
] |
j3VL4nFbytgwc6dTxrsL
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2008–2010: Fearless and acting",
"text": "Billboard named her 2009's Artist of the Year."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1989–2003: Early life",
"text": "Swift, who said she has Scottish heritage, was named after the singer-songwriter James Taylor."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2008–2010: Fearless and acting",
"text": "At the 52nd Annual Grammy Awards, Fearless was named Album of the Year and Best Country Album, and \"White Horse\" was named Best Country Song and Best Female Country Vocal Performance."
},
{
"section_header": "Public image",
"text": "She has also been recognized as a style icon in fashion; Vogue named her an Icon of American Style in 2011."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2008–2010: Fearless and acting",
"text": "Swift became the youngest artist to be named Entertainer of the Year by the Country Music Association (CMA)."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2008–2010: Fearless and acting",
"text": "In 2009, the music video for \"You Belong with Me\" was named Best Female Video at the MTV Video Music Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2014–2017: 1989",
"text": "Swift was named Billboard's Woman of the Year in 2014, becoming the first artist to win the award twice."
},
{
"section_header": "Public image",
"text": "In 2015, she was named Woman of the Year at the Elle Style Awards and ranked first on Maxim's Hot 100 list."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact",
"text": "Swift is known for bringing reforms to on-demand music streaming and has been named a \"leading advocate for artists' and songwriters' rights\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2010–2014: Speak Now and Red",
"text": "Swift was named Best Female Country Artist at the 2012 American Music Awards and Artist of the Year at the 2013 ceremony."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Taylor Alison Swift (born December 13, 1989) is an American singer-songwriter."
}
] |
Taylor's middle name is Ashley.
| 0 | 0 |
Taylor Swift
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Knickerbocker Base Ball Club",
"text": "In 1842, Cartwright led the establishment of the Knickerbocker Base Ball Club (named after the Knickerbocker Fire Engine Company), a breakaway group from the Gothams."
}
] |
j3fFag4K2XamtwVLIWXc
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Jay Martin's Live All You Can: Alexander Joy Cartwright & the Invention of Modern Baseball supports Cartwright as the inventor of baseball, while Alexander Cartwright: The Life Behind the Baseball Legend by"
},
{
"section_header": "Knickerbocker Base Ball Club",
"text": "Baseball historian Jeffrey Kittel has concluded that none of the Knickerbocker Rules of 1845 was original, with the possible exception of three-out innings."
},
{
"section_header": "Knickerbocker Base Ball Club",
"text": "As MLB's Official Historian John Thorn wrote, Cartwright has \"a plaque in the Baseball Hall of Fame on which every word of substance is false."
},
{
"section_header": "Knickerbocker Base Ball Club",
"text": "In 1842, Cartwright led the establishment of the Knickerbocker Base Ball Club (named after the Knickerbocker Fire Engine Company), a breakaway group from the Gothams."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Although there is no question that Cartwright was a prominent figure in the early development of baseball, some students of baseball history have suggested that Henderson and others embellished Cartwright's role."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The Cartwright Cup is awarded to the Hawaii state high school baseball champions each year."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Cartwright was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1938.New York City librarian Robert W. Henderson documented Cartwright's contributions to baseball in his 1947 book Bat, Ball, and Bishop."
},
{
"section_header": "Hawaii",
"text": "Some secondary sources claim Cartwright set up a baseball field on the island of Oahu at Makiki Field in 1852, but Nucciarone states that before 1866, the modern game of baseball was not known or even played in Honolulu."
},
{
"section_header": "Hawaii",
"text": "One of the leaders of the overthrow movement was Lorrin A. Thurston, who played baseball with classmate Alexander Cartwright III at Punahou School."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The rules of the modern game were long considered to have been based on the Knickerbocker Rules developed in 1845 by Cartwright and a committee from the Knickerbockers."
}
] |
Cartwright helped start the NY Knickerbockers Baseball association.
| 0 | 0 |
Alexander Cartwright
|
Geography
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Voting rights debate",
"text": "The District is not a state and therefore has no voting representation in Congress."
}
] |
j3mXXQIcYaGZ4fDhqQ9d
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Voting rights debate",
"text": "D.C. residents elect a non-voting delegate to the House of Representatives (D.C."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "D.C. residents elect a non-voting, at-large congressional delegate to the House of Representatives, but the District has no representation in the Senate."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Voting rights debate",
"text": "District of Columbia Voting Rights Amendment: this option would allow DC residents to vote in Maryland or Virginia for their congressional representatives, with the District of Columbia remaining an independent entity."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Retrocession and the Civil War",
"text": "In 1868, Congress granted the District's African American male residents the right to vote in municipal elections."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Voting rights debate",
"text": "Neither chamber seats the District's elected \"shadow\" representative or senators."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Politics",
"text": "Each of the city's eight wards elects a single member of the council and residents elect four at-large members to represent the District as a whole."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Voting rights debate",
"text": "District of Columbia Retrocession to Maryland: As Arlington County in 1846 was retroceded to Virginia, proponents believe the rest of the District of Columbia with the exception of a small strip of land around the Capitol and the White House would be given back to Maryland allowing for DC residents to become Maryland residents as they were prior to the Residence Act of 1790."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Voting rights debate",
"text": "This was in effect from 1790 to 1801, prior to the Organic Act of 1801.Opponents of D.C. voting rights propose that the Founding Fathers never intended for District residents to have a vote in Congress since the Constitution makes clear that representation must come from the states."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Voting rights debate",
"text": "The District is not a state and therefore has no voting representation in Congress."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Voting rights debate",
"text": "At-Large), who may sit on committees, participate in debate, and introduce legislation, but cannot vote on the House floor."
}
] |
Washington, D.C. residents can vote in the all elections like the House of Representatives and Congress.
| 1 | 6 |
Washington, D.C.
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was nicknamed \"Deacon\" because he sang in his church choir and generally lived a quiet life."
}
] |
j3rDXRqkMCm4pmkv39zx
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Managing career | Cincinnati Reds and later career",
"text": "According to one baseball reference work, McKechnie had a poor sense of direction, which did not improve when, as the Reds' manager, he began traveling by plane."
},
{
"section_header": "Managing career | Pittsburgh Pirates",
"text": "McKechnie was fired after the season."
},
{
"section_header": "Managing career | Cincinnati Reds and later career",
"text": "Where do you think you are?\" \"Pittsburgh\", McKechnie said."
},
{
"section_header": "Managing career | St. Louis Cardinals",
"text": "McKechnie left the club after the World Series."
},
{
"section_header": "Managing career | Cincinnati Reds and later career",
"text": "McKechnie gave him the names of the nearby streets."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "McKechnie died at age 79 in Bradenton, Florida."
},
{
"section_header": "Managing career | Pittsburgh Pirates",
"text": "McKechnie, who by inclination was a player's manager, initially appeared to support them."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "McKechnie was born on August 7, 1886 to Archibald and Mary McKechnie, two Scottish immigrants who had settled in Wilkinsburg, Pennsylvania shortly before Bill was born."
},
{
"section_header": "Managing career | St. Louis Cardinals",
"text": "Gabby Street managed for a game before McKechnie returned as manager."
},
{
"section_header": "Managing career | Newark Peppers",
"text": "In 1913, McKechnie had his worst season as a full-time player, batting only .134."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was nicknamed \"Deacon\" because he sang in his church choir and generally lived a quiet life."
}
] |
McKechnie was sometimes referred to as "Deacon".
| 0 | 0 |
Bill McKechnie
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Architecture | Lower Ward",
"text": "The east stained glass window is Victorian, and the oriel window to the north side of it was built by Henry VIII for Catherine of Aragon."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture | Lower Ward",
"text": "On the north side of the Lower Ward is St George's Chapel."
}
] |
j48ixaoaoa2tgbkPhUGv
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Inside the castle walls is the 15th-century St George's Chapel, considered by the historian John Martin Robinson to be \"one of the supreme achievements of English Perpendicular Gothic\" design."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture | Lower Ward",
"text": "Behind the Horseshoe Cloister is the Curfew Tower, one of the oldest surviving parts of the Lower Ward and dating from the 13th century."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 15th century",
"text": "William de la Pole, one of the surviving Yorkist claimants to the throne, was imprisoned at Windsor Castle during Henry's reign, before his execution in 1513."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture | Lower Ward",
"text": "The chapel is considered by historian John Robinson to be \"one of the supreme achievements of English Perpendicular Gothic\" design."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 17th century",
"text": "May took down and rebuilt the walls of Edward III's hall and chapel, incorporating larger windows but retaining the height and dimensions of the medieval building."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 17th century",
"text": "James I used Windsor Castle primarily as a base for hunting, one of his favourite pursuits, and for socialising with his friends."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 19th century",
"text": "Indeed, the castle was famously cold and draughty in Victoria's reign, but it was connected to a nearby reservoir, with water reliably piped into the interior for the first time."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 13th century",
"text": "Windsor Castle was one of Henry's three favourite residences and he invested heavily in the royal accommodation, spending more money at Windsor than in any other of his properties."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 17th century",
"text": "Shortly after returning to England, Charles appointed Prince Rupert, one of his few surviving close relatives, to be the Constable of Windsor Castle in 1668."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Queen Victoria made a few minor changes to the castle, which became the centre for royal entertainment for much of her reign."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture | Lower Ward",
"text": "The east stained glass window is Victorian, and the oriel window to the north side of it was built by Henry VIII for Catherine of Aragon."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture | Lower Ward",
"text": "On the north side of the Lower Ward is St George's Chapel."
}
] |
The chapel of Windsor Castle has on one of its walls a window that dates from Queen Victoria's reign.
| 0 | 0 |
Windsor Castle
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "The couple had 10 children over 18 years: Andrew Pickens Calhoun, Floride Pure, Jane, Anna Maria, Elizabeth, Patrick, John Caldwell Jr., Martha Cornelia, James Edward, and William Lowndes Calhoun."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "In January 1811, Calhoun married Floride Bonneau Colhoun, a first cousin once removed."
}
] |
j4CRodB0hXgvupwYaqcW
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Monuments and memorials",
"text": "The USS John C. Calhoun, in commission from 1963 to 1994, was a Fleet Ballistic Missile nuclear submarine."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Monuments and memorials",
"text": "In 1910, the state of South Carolina gave a statue of John C. Calhoun to the National Statuary Hall Collection."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Monuments and memorials",
"text": "In June 2020, Clemson University removed John C. Calhoun's name from Clemson University Calhoun Honors College, renaming it to Clemson University Honors College."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "The couple had 10 children over 18 years: Andrew Pickens Calhoun, Floride Pure, Jane, Anna Maria, Elizabeth, Patrick, John Caldwell Jr., Martha Cornelia, James Edward, and William Lowndes Calhoun."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "In January 1811, Calhoun married Floride Bonneau Colhoun, a first cousin once removed."
},
{
"section_header": "Political philosophy | Slavery",
"text": "Calhoun wrote to his second cousin and brother-in-law, asking him to keep a lookout for Alick, and if he was taken, to have him \"severely whipped\" and sent back."
},
{
"section_header": "Secretary of State | Appointment and the Annexation of Texas",
"text": "He named Calhoun Secretary of State on April 10, 1844, following the death of Abel P. Upshur in the USS Princeton disaster."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Monuments and memorials",
"text": "\" It is No. 5 on the Make It Right Project's 2018 list of the 10 Confederate monuments it most wants removed."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Historical reputation",
"text": "John Niven paints a portrait of Calhoun that is both sympathetic and tragic."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Calhoun served as Secretary of State under President John Tyler from 1844 to 1845."
}
] |
John C. Calhoun had 10 kids with his cousin.
| 1 | 2 |
John C. Calhoun
|
Literature
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Mourner's Kaddish | Women and the Mourner's Kaddish",
"text": "In Conservative, Reform, and Reconstructionist Judaism, the Mourner's Kaddish is traditionally said by women who are also counted in the minyan."
}
] |
j588TJ72BnoqJIRCvGmj
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Mourner's Kaddish | Women and the Mourner's Kaddish",
"text": "Despite these restrictions, recitation of the Mourner's Kaddish by Orthodox Jewish women is becoming more common."
},
{
"section_header": "Mourner's Kaddish | Women and the Mourner's Kaddish",
"text": "Though there is evidence of some women saying the Mourner's Kaddish for their parents at the grave, during shiva, and in daily prayers since the 17th century, and though R. Bacharach concluded in \"the Amsterdam case\" that women could recite the Mourner's Kaddish, this is still controversial in Orthodox communities, with various rabbis restricting the ruling."
},
{
"section_header": "Customs",
"text": "Many mourners recite Kaddish slowly and contemplatively."
},
{
"section_header": "Mourner's Kaddish",
"text": "In many Reform synagogues, the entire congregation recites the Mourner's Kaddish together."
},
{
"section_header": "Mourner's Kaddish | Women and the Mourner's Kaddish",
"text": "In Conservative, Reform, and Reconstructionist Judaism, the Mourner's Kaddish is traditionally said by women who are also counted in the minyan."
},
{
"section_header": "Customs",
"text": "There are different melodies in different Jewish traditions, and within each tradition the melody can change according to the version, the day it is said and even the position in the service."
},
{
"section_header": "Mourner's Kaddish | Women and the Mourner's Kaddish",
"text": "In 2013 the Israeli Orthodox rabbinical organization Beit Hillel issued a halachic ruling that women may say the Kaddish in memory of their deceased parents."
},
{
"section_header": "Customs",
"text": "Those standing to recite Kaddish bow, by widespread tradition, at various places."
},
{
"section_header": "Use of the Kaddish in the arts | Online",
"text": "David Bogomolny chronicled his yearlong recitation of kaddish in honor of his father Dr. Alexander Bogomolny, originally on The Times of Israel blogs, in a series titled, \"The skeptic's kaddish for the atheist\", consisting of traditional Jewish sources, religious text analysis, modern interpretations and expressions of kaddish, philosophy, theology, eschatology, creative writing, and the personal reflections; memories; and experiences of a son in mourning."
},
{
"section_header": "Text of the Kaddish | Notes",
"text": "Bracketed text varies according to personal or communal traditions."
}
] |
Women are now allowed to recite the Kaddish in many Jewish traditions.
| 1 | 2 |
Kaddish
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical response",
"text": "was met with a largely favorable critical response, with many critics heralding the film as an \"indictment against capital punishment,\" citing its clinical, harrowing depiction of execution."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical response",
"text": "Producer Walter Wanger received numerous congratulatory letters praising the film after its release, namely from writers Arthur Miller, Paddy Chayefsky, Leon Uris, and Albert Camus, all of whom were ardent opponents of capital punishment."
}
] |
j5FqXqvGqYL8hV4RezkZ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical response",
"text": "Upon release, I Want to Live!"
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Home media",
"text": "In November 2016, Twilight Time released the film on Blu-ray for the first time in an edition limited to 3,000 units."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Home media",
"text": "on DVD for the first time on May 7, 2002."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Home media",
"text": "MGM Home Entertainment released I Want to Live!"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Released in late 1958, I Want to Live!"
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical response",
"text": "was met with a largely favorable critical response, with many critics heralding the film as an \"indictment against capital punishment,\" citing its clinical, harrowing depiction of execution."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptation",
"text": "I Want to Live! was remade for television in 1983."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "was a commercial and critical success, garnering favorable reviews from critics for both Hayward's performance as well as the film's realistic depiction of capital punishment."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical response",
"text": "Film critic Bosley Crowther of The New York Times liked the film and wrote, \"... Miss Hayward plays it superbly, under the consistently sharp direction of Robert Wise, who has shown here a stunning mastery of the staccato realistic style."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "If I hadn't thought they should make [the film], I wouldn't have played the part.\" Principal photography of I Want to Live!"
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical response",
"text": "Producer Walter Wanger received numerous congratulatory letters praising the film after its release, namely from writers Arthur Miller, Paddy Chayefsky, Leon Uris, and Albert Camus, all of whom were ardent opponents of capital punishment."
}
] |
I Want to Live! was not met with critical success on first release, instead it was censored for a time until the 1990s.
| 1 | 2 |
I Want to Live!
|
Science
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Most virus species have virions too small to be seen with an optical microscope as they are one hundredth the size of most bacteria."
}
] |
j5NojpgsJM3AgqtIAqvR
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Most virus species have virions too small to be seen with an optical microscope as they are one hundredth the size of most bacteria."
},
{
"section_header": "Microbiology | Structure",
"text": "Most viruses cannot be seen with an optical microscope, so scanning and transmission electron microscopes are used to visualise them."
},
{
"section_header": "Microbiology | Structure | Giant viruses",
"text": "Provisionally named Megavirus chilensis, it can be seen with a basic optical microscope."
},
{
"section_header": "Applications | Synthetic viruses",
"text": "This technology is now being used to investigate novel vaccine strategies."
},
{
"section_header": "Microbiology | Genome",
"text": "An enormous variety of genomic structures can be seen among viral species; as a group, they contain more structural genomic diversity than plants, animals, archaea, or bacteria."
},
{
"section_header": "Infection in other species",
"text": "Viruses infect all cellular life and, although viruses occur universally, each cellular species has its own specific range that often infect only that species."
},
{
"section_header": "Infection in other species | Plant viruses",
"text": "Each R gene confers resistance to a particular virus by triggering localised areas of cell death around the infected cell, which can often be seen with the unaided eye as large spots."
},
{
"section_header": "Microbiology | Life properties",
"text": "They differ from autonomous growth of crystals as they inherit genetic mutations while being subject to natural selection."
},
{
"section_header": "Microbiology | Life properties",
"text": "Although they have genes, they do not have a cellular structure, which is often seen as the basic unit of life."
},
{
"section_header": "Microbiology | Structure | Giant viruses",
"text": "The capsid appears hexagonal under an electron microscope, therefore the capsid is probably icosahedral."
}
] |
Most species can be seen with an optical microscope.
| 3 | 3 |
Virus
|
Popular Culture
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Awards and honours | Golden Globe Awards",
"text": "He received nine Golden Globe Award nominations, winning three: 1963 Best Actor in a Motion Picture –"
}
] |
j5RKBcWMdOpBcqJwpdgj
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Awards and honours | BAFTA Awards",
"text": "Finney received the BAFTA Academy Fellowship Award in 2001."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Finney was born in Salford, Lancashire, the son of Alice (née Hobson) and Albert Finney, a bookmaker."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1980s",
"text": "Finney said the role \"required personal acting; I had to dig into myself."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honours | Other awards",
"text": "Finney won two Screen Actors Guild Awards, for Best Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role, for Erin Brockovich, and as a member of the acting ensemble in the film Traffic."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1963–1974",
"text": "Memorial Productions pulled out of producing and Finney focused on acting."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honours | Academy Awards",
"text": "Julia Roberts mentioned Finney in her Oscar acceptance speech for Best Actress in Erin Brockovich, calling him a \"pleasure to act with\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Albert Finney (9 May 1936 – 7 February 2019) was an English actor who worked in film, television and theatre."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honours | Golden Globe Awards",
"text": "He received nine Golden Globe Award nominations, winning three: 1963 Best Actor in a Motion Picture –"
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life and death",
"text": "Finney in May 2011 publicly disclosed that he had been receiving treatment for kidney cancer."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Murder on the Orient Express",
"text": "Finney decided to take time off from features and focus on stage acting, doing classics at the National Theatre in London."
}
] |
Albert Finney received many awards throughout his acting career.
| 2 | 7 |
Albert Finney
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is now the site of the \"Zora! Festival\", held each year in her honor."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She later used Eatonville as the setting for many of her stories."
}
] |
j6AFmXgtNcn2jNqj8J6F
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Hurston was born in Notasulga, Alabama, and moved with her family to Eatonville, Florida, in 1894."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Anthropological and folkloric fieldwork",
"text": "While in Puerto Cortés, she wrote much of Seraph on the Suwanee, set in Florida."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life and education",
"text": "She was born in Notasulga, Alabama, on January 7, 1891, where her father grew up and her paternal grandfather was the preacher of a Baptist church."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is now the site of the \"Zora! Festival\", held each year in her honor."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Anthropological and folkloric fieldwork",
"text": "The book also includes much folklore."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life and education",
"text": "Hurston said that Eatonville was \"home\" to her, as she was so young when she moved there."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She later used Eatonville as the setting for many of her stories."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary career | 1920s",
"text": "Shortly before she entered Barnard, Hurston's short story \"Spunk\" was selected for The New Negro, a landmark anthology of fiction, poetry, and essays focusing on African and African-American art and literature."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life and education",
"text": "In 1887, it was one of the first all-black towns incorporated in the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life and education",
"text": "A few years later, her father was elected as mayor of the town in 1897."
}
] |
The "Zora! Festival" held in Hurston's home town of Notasulga, Alabama as it's the setting for much of her literature.
| 0 | 4 |
Zora Neale Hurston
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Properties",
"text": "Ammonia is a colourless gas with a characteristically pungent smell."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A stable binary hydride, and the simplest pnictogen hydride, ammonia is a colourless gas with a characteristic pungent smell."
}
] |
j6ALtPjgZnJNEso8rxNz
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "In astronomy | Interstellar space | Interstellar destruction mechanisms",
"text": "This is due to the relatively high abundance of H3"
},
{
"section_header": "Properties",
"text": "It is easily liquefied due to the strong hydrogen bonding between molecules; the liquid boils at −33.3 °C (−27.94 °F), and freezes to white crystals at −77.7 °C (−107.86 °F)."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "However, the ancient authors Dioscorides, Apicius, Arrian, Synesius, and Aëtius of Amida described this salt as forming clear crystals that could be used for cooking and that were essentially rock salt."
},
{
"section_header": "Properties",
"text": "Solvent properties Ammonia readily dissolves in water."
},
{
"section_header": "Properties | Amphotericity",
"text": "One of the most characteristic properties of ammonia is its basicity."
},
{
"section_header": "In astronomy | Interstellar space | Infrared detections",
"text": "Absorption at 2.97 micrometres due to solid ammonia was recorded from interstellar grains in the Becklin-Neugebauer Object and probably in NGC 2264-IR as well."
},
{
"section_header": "Properties | Combustion",
"text": "Nitrogen oxides can be formed as kinetic products in the presence of appropriate catalysts, a reaction of great industrial importance in the production of nitric acid: A subsequent reaction leads to NO2: The combustion of ammonia in air is very difficult in the absence of a catalyst (such as platinum gauze or warm chromium(III) oxide), due to the relatively low heat of combustion, a lower laminar burning velocity, high auto-ignition temperature, high heat of vaporization, and a narrow flammability range."
},
{
"section_header": "Liquid ammonia as a solvent",
"text": "Comparison of the physical properties of NH3 with those of water shows NH3 has the lower melting point, boiling point, density, viscosity, dielectric constant and electrical conductivity; this is due at least in part to the weaker hydrogen bonding in NH3 and because such bonding cannot form cross-linked networks, since each NH3 molecule has only one lone pair of electrons compared with two for each H2O molecule."
},
{
"section_header": "Properties",
"text": "The maximum concentration of ammonia in water (a saturated solution) has a density of 0.880 g/cm3 and is often known as '.880 ammonia'."
},
{
"section_header": "Properties",
"text": "See liquid ammonia as a solvent."
},
{
"section_header": "Properties",
"text": "Ammonia is a colourless gas with a characteristically pungent smell."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A stable binary hydride, and the simplest pnictogen hydride, ammonia is a colourless gas with a characteristic pungent smell."
}
] |
Ammonia has been described as a silent killer due to it's invisible and odorless properties.
| 0 | 0 |
Ammonia
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Health",
"text": "Her left eye is brown, while her right eye is green."
}
] |
j7gqlorBfBoSijaecWng
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Health",
"text": "Her left eye is brown, while her right eye is green."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Health",
"text": "In January 2011, she revealed her struggle with chronic iritis that had caused temporary blindness in one eye."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2009–2012: Film breakthrough and acclaim",
"text": "\"Kunis makes a perfect alternate to Portman, equally as lithe and dark but a smirk of self-assurance in place of Portman's wide-eyed fearfulness."
},
{
"section_header": "In the media",
"text": "Your looks are going to die out, and then what's going to be left?"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1994–2000: Career beginnings and television work",
"text": "MacFarlane added: \"What Mila Kunis brought to it was in a lot of ways, I thought, almost more right for the character."
}
] |
Mila Kunis has a brown left eye and a green right eye.
| 2 | 3 |
Mila Kunis
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A proton is a subatomic particle, symbol p or p+, with a positive electric charge of +1e elementary charge and a mass slightly less than that of a neutron."
}
] |
j8MPLBa8fFHhQMUcRrIS
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The word proton is Greek for \"first\", and this name was given to the hydrogen nucleus by Ernest Rutherford in 1920."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A proton is a subatomic particle, symbol p or p+, with a positive electric charge of +1e elementary charge and a mass slightly less than that of a neutron."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "He named this new fundamental building block of the nucleus the proton, after the neuter singular of the Greek word for \"first\", πρῶτον."
},
{
"section_header": "Proton in chemistry | Atomic number",
"text": "For example, the atomic number of chlorine is 17; this means that each chlorine atom has 17 protons and that all atoms with 17 protons are chlorine atoms."
},
{
"section_header": "Proton in chemistry | Atomic number",
"text": "In chemistry, the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is known as the atomic number, which determines the chemical element to which the atom belongs."
},
{
"section_header": "Proton in chemistry | Atomic number",
"text": "The chemical properties of each atom are determined by the number of (negatively charged) electrons, which for neutral atoms is equal to the number of (positive) protons so that the total charge is zero."
},
{
"section_header": "Proton in chemistry | Atomic number",
"text": "All atoms of a given element are not necessarily identical, however."
},
{
"section_header": "Proton in chemistry | Atomic number",
"text": "For example, a neutral chlorine atom has 17 protons and 17 electrons, whereas a Cl− anion has 17 protons and 18 electrons for a total charge of −1."
},
{
"section_header": "Charge radius",
"text": "The problem of defining a radius for an atomic nucleus (proton) is similar to the problem of atomic radius, in that neither atoms nor their nuclei have definite boundaries."
},
{
"section_header": "Interaction of free protons with ordinary matter",
"text": "High energy protons, in traversing ordinary matter, lose energy by collisions with atomic nuclei, and by ionization of atoms (removing electrons) until they are slowed sufficiently to be captured by the electron cloud in a normal atom."
}
] |
Proton is Greek for "first" and is a subatomic atom.
| 0 | 0 |
Proton
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"Ode to Joy\" (German: \"An die Freude\" [an diː ˈfʁɔʏdə]) is an ode written in the summer of 1785 by German poet, playwright, and historian Friedrich Schiller and published the following year in Thalia."
}
] |
j8Qg2ZhMxHTVlBZDuAIh
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Use of Beethoven's setting",
"text": "It was played after Emmanuel Macron's victory in the 2017 French Presidential elections, when Macron gave his victory speech at the Louvre."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"Ode to Joy\" (German: \"An die Freude\" [an diː ˈfʁɔʏdə]) is an ode written in the summer of 1785 by German poet, playwright, and historian Friedrich Schiller and published the following year in Thalia."
},
{
"section_header": "The poem",
"text": "Schiller wrote the first version of the poem when he was staying in Gohlis, Leipzig."
},
{
"section_header": "The poem",
"text": "Schiller later made some revisions to the poem which was then republished posthumously in 1808, and it was this latter version that forms the basis for Beethoven's setting."
},
{
"section_header": "The poem | Lyrics | Ode to freedom",
"text": "Thayer wrote in his biography of Beethoven, \"the thought lies near that it was the early form of the poem, when it was still an 'Ode to Freedom' (not 'to Joy'), which first aroused enthusiastic admiration for it in Beethoven's mind\"."
},
{
"section_header": "The poem",
"text": "In the year 1785 from the beginning of May till mid September, he stayed with his publisher Georg Joachim Göschen in Leipzig and wrote \"An die Freude\" along with his play Don Carlos."
},
{
"section_header": "The poem",
"text": "Despite the lasting popularity of the ode, Schiller himself regarded it as a failure later in his life, going so far as to call it \"detached from reality\" and \"of value maybe for us two, but not for the world, nor for the art of poetry\" in an 1800 letter to his long-time friend and patron Christian Gottfried Körner (whose friendship had originally inspired him to write the ode)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Beethoven's text is not based entirely on Schiller's poem, and introduces a few new sections."
},
{
"section_header": "Other musical settings",
"text": "Other musical settings of the poem include: Christian Gottfried Körner (1786) Carl Friedrich Zelter (1792), for choir and accompaniment, later rewritten for different instrumentations."
},
{
"section_header": "The poem | Lyrics | Ode to freedom",
"text": "The lines marked with * have been revised as follows: Academic speculation remains as to whether Schiller originally wrote an \"Ode to Freedom\" (Ode an die Freiheit) and changed it to an \"Ode to Joy\"."
}
] |
"Ode to Joy" is a poem by French poet Jean-Michel Basquiat.
| 0 | 0 |
Ode to Joy
|
Geography
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Discovery and excavation",
"text": "The four Greek sculptors who carved the statues: Bryaxis, Leochares, Scopas and Timotheus were each responsible for one side."
}
] |
j8VOPSD14NaAAtTwTpIX
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Dimensions and statues",
"text": "The sculptures on the north were created by Scopas, the ones on the east Bryaxis, on the south Timotheus and on the west Leochares."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Mausoleum was approximately 45 m (148 ft) in height, and the four sides were adorned with sculptural reliefs, each created by one of four Greek sculptors: Leochares, Bryaxis, Scopas of Paros, and Timotheus."
},
{
"section_header": "Discovery and excavation",
"text": "The four Greek sculptors who carved the statues: Bryaxis, Leochares, Scopas and Timotheus were each responsible for one side."
},
{
"section_header": "Dimensions and statues",
"text": "It is clear that Pliny did not grasp the design of the mausoleum fully which creates problems in recreating the structure."
},
{
"section_header": "Construction of the Mausoleum",
"text": "These included Scopas, the man who had supervised the rebuilding of the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus."
},
{
"section_header": "Dimensions and statues",
"text": "Some of these sculptures have been lost or only fragments have been found."
},
{
"section_header": "Construction of the Mausoleum",
"text": "The famous sculptors were (in the Vitruvius order): Leochares, Bryaxis, Scopas, and Timotheus, as well as hundreds of other craftsmen."
},
{
"section_header": "Dimensions and statues",
"text": "The Mausoleum was adorned with many great and beautiful sculptures."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "At the original site, all that remained by the 19th century were the foundations and some broken sculptures."
},
{
"section_header": "Dimensions and statues",
"text": "The building was accented with both sculptural friezes and free standing figures."
}
] |
The sculptures on the north were created by Scopas.
| 0 | 3 |
Mausoleum at Halicarnassus
|
Music
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He emigrated to the United States in 1933, becoming an American citizen in 1941."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Arnold Schoenberg or Schönberg (, US also ; German: [ˈʃøːnbɛɐ̯k] (listen); 13 September 1874 – 13 July 1951) was an Austrian-born composer, music theorist, teacher, writer, and painter."
}
] |
j8fNaMsLjD4QYlDoA0Sj
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Third Reich and move to the United States",
"text": "While vacationing in France, he was warned that returning to Germany would be dangerous."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Third Reich and move to the United States",
"text": "After his move to the United States, where he arrived on 31 October 1933 (Slonimsky, Kuhn, and McIntire 2001), the composer used the alternative spelling of his surname Schoenberg, rather than Schönberg, in what he called \"deference to American practice\" (Foss 1951, 401), though according to one writer he first made the change a year earlier (Ross 2007, 45)."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | World War I",
"text": "In what Alex Ross calls an \"act of war psychosis\", Schoenberg drew comparisons between Germany's assault on France and his assault on decadent bourgeois artistic values."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Third Reich and move to the United States",
"text": "und Aron (1932/33), which was one of the first works of its genre written completely using dodecaphonic composition."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Third Reich and move to the United States",
"text": "This happened, however, only after his attempts to move to Britain came to nothing."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Development of the twelve-tone method",
"text": "Arnold used the notes G and E♭ ("
},
{
"section_header": "Reception and legacy | Thomas Mann's novel Doctor Faustus",
"text": "Adrian Leverkühn, the protagonist of Thomas Mann's novel Doctor Faustus (1947), is a composer whose use of twelve-tone technique parallels the innovations of Arnold Schoenberg."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Third Reich and move to the United States",
"text": "He moved to Los Angeles, where he taught at the University of Southern California and the University of California, Los Angeles, both of which later named a music building on their respective campuses Schoenberg Hall (UCLA Department of Music & [2008]; University of Southern California Thornton School of Music & [2008])."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Development of the twelve-tone method",
"text": "He published a number of books, ranging from his famous Harmonielehre (Theory of Harmony) to Fundamentals of Musical Composition (Schoenberg 1967), many of which are still in print and used by musicians and developing composers."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1901–1914: experimenting in atonality",
"text": "The first two movements, though chromatic in color, use traditional key signatures."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He emigrated to the United States in 1933, becoming an American citizen in 1941."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Arnold Schoenberg or Schönberg (, US also ; German: [ˈʃøːnbɛɐ̯k] (listen); 13 September 1874 – 13 July 1951) was an Austrian-born composer, music theorist, teacher, writer, and painter."
}
] |
Schoenberg moved to the US from France.
| 0 | 3 |
Arnold Schoenberg
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Professional career | New York Yankees",
"text": "New York was closer to his home in North Carolina and the team played on natural grass."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | New York Yankees",
"text": "Two weeks after he won his arbitration, Hunter became the highest-paid player in baseball and highest-paid pitcher in history when he signed a five-year contract with the New York Yankees worth $3.35 million."
}
] |
j8sru8U9oboChkV1sX9s
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Free agency",
"text": "Hunter recalled being scared after he was declared a free agent."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "James Augustus Hunter (April 8, 1946 – September 9, 1999), nicknamed \"Catfish\", was a professional baseball player in Major League Baseball (MLB)."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Free agency",
"text": "Twenty days later on December 16, arbitrator Peter Seitz decided in favor of Hunter, officially making him a free agent."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | New York Yankees",
"text": "Hunter became known as baseball's \"first big-money free agent\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He is often referred to as baseball's first big-money free agent."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Hunter is interred at Cedarwood Cemetery in Hertford, adjacent to the field where he played high school baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He played linebacker and offensive tackle in football as well as shortstop, cleanup batter, and pitcher in baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | New York Yankees",
"text": "New York was closer to his home in North Carolina and the team played on natural grass."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | New York Yankees",
"text": "Two weeks after he won his arbitration, Hunter became the highest-paid player in baseball and highest-paid pitcher in history when he signed a five-year contract with the New York Yankees worth $3.35 million."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Popular culture",
"text": "When you play with guys like that, you feel blessed.\" Hunter has been the subject of multiple popular culture references."
}
] |
As a free agent, baseball player Catfish Hunter chose the team that afforded him the opportunity to play on artificial turf.
| 0 | 0 |
Catfish Hunter
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The term is derived from the Old French conté or cunté denoting a jurisdiction under the sovereignty of a count (earl) or a viscount."
}
] |
j9FVZCkRsZzJMFy1HkIu
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "The Americas | Argentina",
"text": "Provinces in Argentina are divided into departments (Spanish: departamentos), except in the Buenos Aires Province, where they are called partidos."
},
{
"section_header": "Europe | Sweden",
"text": "The Swedish term used is län, which literally means 'fief'."
},
{
"section_header": "The Americas | United States",
"text": "Some New England states use the term shire town to mean \"county seat\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Europe | Ireland",
"text": "Historically, the counties of Meath and Westmeath and small parts of surrounding counties constituted the province of Mide, which was one of the \"Five Fifths\" of Ireland (in the Irish language the word for province, cúige, means 'a fifth': from cúig, 'five'); however, these have long since become the three northernmost counties of Leinster province."
},
{
"section_header": "Asia–Pacific | People's Republic of China",
"text": "In other words, they share one county town."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The modern French is comté, and its equivalents in other languages are contea, contado, comtat, condado, Grafschaft, graafschap, Gau, etc. (compare conte, comte, conde, Graf)."
},
{
"section_header": "Europe | Lithuania",
"text": "Apskritis (plural apskritys) is the Lithuanian word for county."
},
{
"section_header": "Asia–Pacific | People's Republic of China",
"text": "The word county is used to translate the Chinese term xiàn (县 or 縣)."
},
{
"section_header": "Europe | Romania",
"text": "The Romanian word for county, comitat, is not currently used for any Romanian administrative divisions."
},
{
"section_header": "Europe | Italy",
"text": "In Italy the word county is not used; the administrative sub-division of a region is called provincia."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The term is derived from the Old French conté or cunté denoting a jurisdiction under the sovereignty of a count (earl) or a viscount."
}
] |
County came from the Spanish word meaning condado.
| 1 | 2 |
County
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At 6 feet, 2 inches, the Indiana native was one of the larger players of his day and was known for his prominent handlebar mustache."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Samuel Luther \"Big Sam\" Thompson (March 5, 1860 – November 7, 1922) was an American professional baseball player from 1884 to 1898 and with a brief comeback in 1906."
}
] |
j9ZvjUmzmlurJUdMWlIx
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Manager Bill Watkins in 1922 called Thompson \"the greatest natural hitter of all time.\" Defensively, Thompson was known to have one of the strongest arms of any outfielder in the early decades of the game."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At 6 feet, 2 inches, the Indiana native was one of the larger players of his day and was known for his prominent handlebar mustache."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Evansville and Indianapolis",
"text": "A scout for Evansville travelled to Danville and was referred to \"Big Sam\", who was working on a roof in Stinesville."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Detroit Wolverines | 1885 and 1886 seasons",
"text": "The Wolverines were in last place when Thompson joined the club, but won 12 of their first 13 games after Thompson took over in right field."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Career statistics and legacy",
"text": "Thompson was also one of the best power hitters of the era before Babe Ruth."
},
{
"section_header": "Family and later years",
"text": "He was \"well known\" and a \"well liked\" figure at the federal building in Detroit."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Thompson had a .331 career batting average and was one of the most prolific run producers in baseball history."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "He and five of his brothers also played on a local baseball team known as the Danville Browns."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Samuel Luther \"Big Sam\" Thompson (March 5, 1860 – November 7, 1922) was an American professional baseball player from 1884 to 1898 and with a brief comeback in 1906."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Career statistics and legacy",
"text": "was one of the most prolific run producers in baseball history."
}
] |
Sam Thompson was known for his facial hair while on the football field.
| 1 | 4 |
Sam Thompson
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Structure and narrative technique",
"text": "Chapters 4–29: main part Chapters 30–32: endingChapter 17, when Olivia is reported to be fled, can be regarded as the climax as well as an essential turning point of the novel."
}
] |
j9e7fmO1ngVcpzvOFEVi
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Structure and narrative technique",
"text": "The book consists of 32 chapters which fall into three parts: Chapters 1–3: beginning"
},
{
"section_header": "Structure and narrative technique",
"text": "Chapters 4–29: main part Chapters 30–32: endingChapter 17, when Olivia is reported to be fled, can be regarded as the climax as well as an essential turning point of the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Vicar of Wakefield – subtitled A Tale, Supposed to be written by Himself – is a novel by Irish writer Oliver Goldsmith (1728–1774)."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure and narrative technique",
"text": "From chapter 17 onward it changes from a comical account of eighteenth-century country life into a pathetic melodrama with didactic traits."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "In 1959 an Italian television series The Vicar of Wakefield was broadcast."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication",
"text": "The novel was The Vicar of Wakefield, and Johnson had sold it to Francis Newbery, a nephew of John."
},
{
"section_header": "Main characters | Charles Primrose",
"text": "\" This is ironic, as he immediately finds out that his fortune is actually almost nothing."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was written from 1761 to 1762 and published in 1766."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Among these he announced to us the Vicar of Wakefield as an excellent work, with a German translation of which he would make us acquainted by reading it aloud to us himself."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "In literary history books, The Vicar of Wakefield is often described as a sentimental novel, which displays the belief in the innate goodness of human beings."
}
] |
The Vicar of Wakefield is written such that the ending chapter is actually the middle chapter.
| 0 | 0 |
The Vicar of Wakefield
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "The state is a popular destination for sport hunting (particularly deer, moose and bear), sport fishing, snowmobiling, skiing, boating, camping and hiking, among other activities."
}
] |
jAGHMnoJnnJq6E3c0CBC
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "Aroostook County is known for its potato crops."
},
{
"section_header": "Law and government | Federal politics",
"text": "They captured the governor's office as well as majorities in both chambers of the state legislature for the first time since the early 1970s."
},
{
"section_header": "Toponymy",
"text": "Today the village is known as Broadmayne, which is primitive Welsh or Brythonic, \"main\" meaning rock or stone, considered a reference to the many large sarsen stones still present around Little Mayne farm, half a mile northeast of Broadmayne village."
},
{
"section_header": "Municipalities | Unorganized territory",
"text": "Administration, services, licensing, and ordinances are handled by the state government as well as by respective county governments who have townships within each county's bounds."
},
{
"section_header": "Law and government | Federal politics",
"text": "Every other state except Nebraska gives all its electoral votes to the candidate who wins the popular vote in the state at large, without regard to performance within districts."
},
{
"section_header": "Transportation | Highways",
"text": "Interstate 95 (I-95) travels through Maine, as well as its easterly branch I-295 and spurs"
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Population",
"text": "As explained in detail under \"Geography\", there are large tracts of uninhabited land in some remote parts of the interior of the state, particularly in the North Maine Woods."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "It also failed. Central Maine was formerly inhabited by the Androscoggin tribe of the Abenaki nation, also known as Arosaguntacook."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "Maine has very few large companies that maintain headquarters in the state, and that number has fallen due to consolidations and mergers, particularly in the pulp and paper industry."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "Naval shipbuilding and construction remain key as well, with Bath Iron Works in Bath and Portsmouth Naval Shipyard in Kittery."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "The state is a popular destination for sport hunting (particularly deer, moose and bear), sport fishing, snowmobiling, skiing, boating, camping and hiking, among other activities."
}
] |
The state is well known and often visited by hunters for its large game.
| 0 | 0 |
Maine
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "He married his first wife, Donna Chaimson, in the 1950s, and they had two daughters: Sari (born 1957) and Wendy (born 1960)."
}
] |
jALNthNgJbO762sUXTtU
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "He married his first wife, Donna Chaimson, in the 1950s, and they had two daughters: Sari (born 1957) and Wendy (born 1960)."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "\" Chaimson later stated that ended the marriage because her husband \"divorced me and married baseball.\" Since 1977, Selig has been married to the former Suzanne Steinman, who has a daughter from a previous marriage."
},
{
"section_header": "Milwaukee Brewers owner",
"text": "Upon his assumption of the commissioner's role, Selig transferred his ownership interest in the Brewers to his daughter Wendy Selig-Prieb in order to remove any technical conflicts of interest, though it was widely presumed he maintained some hand in team operations."
},
{
"section_header": "Selig Experience",
"text": "In May 2015, the Milwaukee Brewers honored Bud Selig with the unveiling of the Selig Experience exhibit at Miller Park."
},
{
"section_header": "Commissioner (1998–2015) | Post-season schedule",
"text": "We should never have three days off after the season."
},
{
"section_header": "Selig Experience",
"text": "The Selig Experience is a fifteen-minute documentary showing Bud Selig's life and work for the Milwaukee Brewers."
},
{
"section_header": "Commissioner (1998–2015) | Term of service",
"text": "However, in January 2008, Selig agreed to a three-year contract extension, announcing he planned to retire after the 2012 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "When Selig was only three, Marie began taking him and his older brother, Jerry, to Borchert Field, where the minor league Milwaukee Brewers played."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting Commissioner (1992–1998)",
"text": "Bud Selig was a close friend of the late Bart Giamatti, who was the commissioner when Rose was first banned from the sport in 1989."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Allan Huber \"Bud\" Selig (; born July 30, 1934) is an American baseball executive who currently serves as the Commissioner Emeritus of Baseball."
}
] |
Bud Selig and his wife Donna Chaimson have three daughters: Sari, Wendy and Molly.
| 0 | 3 |
Bud Selig
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Francisco Pizarro was born in Trujillo, Cáceres, Spain (then in the Crown of Castile) in modern-day Extremadura, Spain."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Francisco Pizarro González (; Spanish: [fɾanˈθisko piˈθaro]; c. 1471–1476 – 26 June 1541) was a Spanish conquistador, best known for his expeditions that led to the Spanish conquest of Peru."
}
] |
jALXSkcgq9mpYtWTcPA7
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Expeditions to South America | Conquest of Peru (1532)",
"text": "By 1538, it was known she had borne Pizarro two sons, Juan and Francisco."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Francisco Pizarro González (; Spanish: [fɾanˈθisko piˈθaro]; c. 1471–1476 – 26 June 1541) was a Spanish conquistador, best known for his expeditions that led to the Spanish conquest of Peru."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Pizarro is well known in Peru as the leader of the Spanish conquest."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Francisco Pizarro was born in Trujillo, Cáceres, Spain (then in the Crown of Castile) in modern-day Extremadura, Spain."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born in Trujillo, Spain to a poor family, Pizarro chose to pursue fortune and adventure in the New World."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Palace of the Conquest",
"text": "After returning from Peru extremely wealthy, the Pizarro family erected a plateresque-style palace on the corner of the Plaza Mayor in Trujillo."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "By his marriage to N de Trujillo, Pizarro had a son also named Francisco, who married his relative Inés Pizarro, without issue."
},
{
"section_header": "Expeditions to South America | Conquest of Peru (1532)",
"text": "Following the defeat of his brother, Huáscar, Atahualpa had been resting in the Sierra of northern Peru, near Cajamarca, in the nearby thermal baths known today as the Inca Baths."
},
{
"section_header": "Expeditions to South America | Conquest of Peru (1532)",
"text": "Almagro's son, also named Diego and known as El Mozo, was later stripped of his lands and left bankrupt by Pizarro."
},
{
"section_header": "Expeditions to South America | Conquest of Peru (1532)",
"text": "Francisco Pizarro and de Soto were opposed to Atahualpa's execution, but Francisco consented to the trial due to the \"great agitation among the soldiers\", particularly by Almagro."
}
] |
Francisco Pizarro was a Spanish conquistador that was known for his conquest of Peru and was born in Trujillo.
| 0 | 0 |
Francisco Pizarro
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Geography | Cityscape | Neighborhoods",
"text": "Cable cars carry riders up steep inclines to the summit of Nob Hill, once the home of the city's business tycoons, and down to the waterfront tourist attractions of Fisherman's Wharf, and Pier 39, where many restaurants feature Dungeness crab from a still-active fishing industry."
}
] |
jANWSyz3Bw9aHWZA23PI
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Education | Colleges and universities",
"text": "A 43-acre (17 ha) Mission Bay campus was opened in 2003, complementing its original facility in Parnassus Heights."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "By 1851 the harbor was extended out into the bay by wharves while buildings were erected on piles among the ships."
},
{
"section_header": "Entertainment and recreation | Performing arts",
"text": "San Francisco has a large number of theaters and live performance venues."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Despite its attractive location as a port and naval base, San Francisco was still a small settlement with inhospitable geography."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Development of the Port of San Francisco and the establishment in 1869 of overland access to the eastern U.S. rail system via the newly completed Pacific Railroad (the construction of which the city only reluctantly helped support) helped make the Bay Area a center for trade."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It covers an area of about 46.89 square miles (121.4 km2), mostly at the north end of the San Francisco Peninsula in the San Francisco Bay Area, making it the second most densely populated large U.S. city, and the fifth most densely populated U.S. county, behind only four of the five New York City boroughs."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In World War II, San Francisco was a major port of embarkation for service members shipping out to the Pacific Theater."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture and contemporary life",
"text": "According to a 2014 quality of life survey of global cities, San Francisco has the highest quality of living of any U.S. city."
},
{
"section_header": "Education | Early education",
"text": "All 4-year-old children living in San Francisco are offered universal access to preschool through the Preschool for All program."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture and contemporary life",
"text": "However, due to the exceptionally high cost of living, many of the city's middle and lower-class families have been leaving the city for the outer suburbs of the Bay Area, or for California's Central Valley."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Cityscape | Neighborhoods",
"text": "Cable cars carry riders up steep inclines to the summit of Nob Hill, once the home of the city's business tycoons, and down to the waterfront tourist attractions of Fisherman's Wharf, and Pier 39, where many restaurants feature Dungeness crab from a still-active fishing industry."
}
] |
San Francisco still has fisherman that go out into the bay to make a living.
| 0 | 0 |
San Francisco
|
Popular Culture
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Musical numbers",
"text": "Many stage revivals have also included \"I Have Confidence\" and \"Something Good\", which were written by Richard Rodgers for the film version (since the film was made after original lyricist Oscar Hammerstein's death)."
}
] |
jAWhHeTHWx9HNv3YJLfo
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Sound of Music was the last musical written by Rodgers and Hammerstein; Oscar Hammerstein died of stomach cancer nine months after the Broadway premiere."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Sound of Music is a musical with music by Richard Rodgers, lyrics by Oscar Hammerstein II, and a book by Howard Lindsay and Russel Crouse."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "He praised Mary Martin's performance, saying \"she still has the same common touch ... same sharp features, goodwill, and glowing personality that makes music sound intimate and familiar\" and stated that \"the best of the Sound of Music is Rodgers and Hammerstein in good form\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Then they decided to add an original song or two, perhaps by Rodgers and Hammerstein."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "It places Rodgers and Hammerstein back in top form as melodist and lyricist."
},
{
"section_header": "Film adaptation",
"text": "On March 2, 1965, 20th Century Fox released a film adaption of the musical starring Julie Andrews as Maria Rainer and Christopher Plummer as Captain Georg von Trapp."
},
{
"section_header": "Film adaptation",
"text": "Two songs were written by Rodgers specifically for the film, \"I Have Confidence\" and \"Something Good\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical numbers",
"text": "Many stage revivals have also included \"I Have Confidence\" and \"Something Good\", which were written by Richard Rodgers for the film version (since the film was made after original lyricist Oscar Hammerstein's death)."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions | 1981 London revival",
"text": "\"I Have Confidence\") that Richard Rodgers composed for the film version."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical numbers",
"text": "NotesThe musical numbers listed appeared in the original production unless otherwise noted."
}
] |
The Sound of music was the last musical by Rodgers and Hammerstein and Hammerstein died shortly after the film was released.
| 1 | 3 |
The Sound of Music
|
History
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896), was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation laws for public facilities as long as the segregated facilities were equal in quality – a doctrine that came to be known as \"separate but equal\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Justice John Marshall Harlan was the lone dissenter from the Court's decision, writing that the U.S. Constitution \"is color-blind, and neither knows nor tolerates classes among citizens\", and so the law's distinguishing of passengers' races should have been found unconstitutional."
}
] |
jAnBQYFTCF43x4lK3V1U
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Decision",
"text": "On May 18, 1896, the Supreme Court issued a 7–1 decision against Plessy that upheld the constitutionality of Louisiana's train car segregation laws."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896), was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation laws for public facilities as long as the segregated facilities were equal in quality – a doctrine that came to be known as \"separate but equal\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Significance",
"text": "Plessy v. Ferguson was never explicitly overruled by the Supreme Court, but is effectively dead as a precedent."
},
{
"section_header": "Significance | Plessy and Ferguson Foundation",
"text": "In 2009, Keith Plessy and Phoebe Ferguson, descendants of participants on both sides of the 1896 Supreme Court case, announced establishing the Plessy and Ferguson Foundation for Education and Reconciliation."
},
{
"section_header": "Significance",
"text": "The principles of Plessy v. Ferguson were affirmed in Lum v. Rice (1927), which upheld the right of a Mississippi public school for white children to exclude a Chinese American girl."
},
{
"section_header": "Significance",
"text": "In the case of Brown v. Board of Education (1954), the US Supreme Court ruled that segregation in public education was unconstitutional."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | State appeal",
"text": "The Comité des Citoyens took Plessy's appeal to the Supreme Court of Louisiana, where he again found an unreceptive ear, as the state Supreme Court upheld Judge Ferguson's ruling."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Plessy is widely regarded as one of the worst decisions in U.S. Supreme Court history."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | Supreme Court appeal",
"text": "Oral arguments were held before the Supreme Court on April 13, 1896."
},
{
"section_header": "Significance",
"text": "New Orleans historian Keith Weldon Medley, author of We As Freemen: Plessy v. Ferguson, The Fight Against Legal Segregation, said the words in Justice Harlan's \"Great Dissent\" were taken from papers filed with the court by \"The Citizen's Committee\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Justice John Marshall Harlan was the lone dissenter from the Court's decision, writing that the U.S. Constitution \"is color-blind, and neither knows nor tolerates classes among citizens\", and so the law's distinguishing of passengers' races should have been found unconstitutional."
}
] |
Plessy v. Ferguson was a decision of the U.S. Supreme Court were the Supreme Court upheld segregation but the decision was not unanimous.
| 4 | 7 |
Plessy v. Ferguson
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Whiskey Rebellion (also known as the Whiskey Insurrection) was a tax protest in the United States beginning in 1791 and ending in 1794 during the presidency of George Washington, ultimately under the command of American Revolutionary war veteran Major James McFarlane."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The \"whiskey tax\" became law in 1791, and was intended to generate revenue for the war debt incurred during the Revolutionary War."
}
] |
jAt5Qi8DGtRZ0j9jsXoM
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Resistance",
"text": "Supporters of the excise argued that there was a difference between taxation without representation in colonial America, and a tax laid by the elected representatives of the American people."
},
{
"section_header": "Whiskey tax",
"text": "In this, he had the support of some social reformers, who hoped that a \"sin tax\" would raise public awareness about the harmful effects of alcohol."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The Rebellion raised the question of what kinds of protests were permissible under the new Constitution."
},
{
"section_header": "Whiskey tax",
"text": "The transportation costs per gallon were higher for farmers removed from eastern urban centers, so the per-gallon profit was reduced disproportionately by the per-gallon tax on distillation of domestic alcohol such as whiskey."
},
{
"section_header": "Insurrection | March on Pittsburgh",
"text": "By this time, the victims of violence were often wealthy property owners who had no connection to the whiskey tax."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Whiskey Rebellion (also known as the Whiskey Insurrection) was a tax protest in the United States beginning in 1791 and ending in 1794 during the presidency of George Washington, ultimately under the command of American Revolutionary war veteran Major James McFarlane."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "The Whiskey Rebellion: Past and Present Perspectives."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Many of the resisters were war veterans who believed that they were fighting for the principles of the American Revolution, in particular against taxation without local representation, while the federal government maintained that the taxes were the legal expression of Congressional taxation powers."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "The Whiskey Rebellion and the Trans-Appalachian Frontier, 73–84."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | In popular culture",
"text": "In 2011, the Whiskey Rebellion Festival was started in Washington, Pennsylvania."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The \"whiskey tax\" became law in 1791, and was intended to generate revenue for the war debt incurred during the Revolutionary War."
}
] |
The Whiskey Rebellion was a protest about the taxation of alcohol in the colonial times.
| 1 | 2 |
Whiskey Rebellion
|
Popular Culture
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Her mother, Elvira, is a physics teacher who runs a pharmacy, and her father, Mark Kunis, is a mechanical engineer who works as a cab driver."
}
] |
jBBW7XsAJ7xGVxeAyypY
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Her mother, Elvira, is a physics teacher who runs a pharmacy, and her father, Mark Kunis, is a mechanical engineer who works as a cab driver."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1994–2000: Career beginnings and television work",
"text": "That '70s Show ran for eight seasons."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Her mother tongue and the common language within her family is Russian."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships",
"text": "It's already more high profile than I want it to be.\" When asked if it was difficult to stay out of the tabloids and press, Kunis responded: \"I keep my personal life as personal as I physically, mentally, possibly can.\" Asked if that is difficult she said, \"I don't care."
}
] |
Mila Kunis's mother was a physics teacher who ran a pharmacy.
| 0 | 7 |
Mila Kunis
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He quit school the following year, and played semiprofessional baseball in the New York City area."
}
] |
jBFZ3VCbSWUUYiSzQece
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career",
"text": "He quickly established himself as a star, and played until retiring in 1910."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "William Henry Keeler (March 3, 1872 – January 1, 1923), nicknamed \"Wee Willie\", was an American right fielder in Major League Baseball who played from 1892 to 1910, primarily for the Baltimore Orioles and Brooklyn Superbas in the National League, and the New York Highlanders in the American League."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career",
"text": "In 1897, Keeler had a 44-game hitting streak to start the season, breaking the previous single season record of 42 set by Bill Dahlen."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career",
"text": "After a trip back to the minors because of an injury at the start of the 1893 season, he returned to the Giants later that year."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career",
"text": "Keeler had an amazing 206 singles during the 1898 season, a record that stood for more than 100 years until broken by Ichiro Suzuki."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career",
"text": "Keeler remained in Brooklyn and did not actually jump to the new league until 1903, when he signed with the New York Highlanders (renamed the Yankees in 1913)."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career",
"text": "Keeler played in 1911 for the Eastern League's Toronto Maple Leafs, and had 43 hits in 39 games."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career",
"text": "He was one of the smallest players to play the game, standing"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He played baseball from an early age, and as a freshman served as captain of his high school team."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career",
"text": "He remained with the Highlanders through 1909, and played the 1910 season with the New York Giants."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He quit school the following year, and played semiprofessional baseball in the New York City area."
}
] |
Willie Keeler didn't start playing baseball until after he finished college.
| 0 | 0 |
Willie Keeler
|
Popular Culture
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical reception",
"text": "The film was generally well regarded by critics."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical reception",
"text": "On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a 77% approval rating based on 53 reviews, with a weighted average of 7.51/10."
}
] |
jBZfC8oeJo1KeURS4m4b
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "They would have this elderly man and woman – who at that time were 40 – and they had a little bit too much weight around the waist and were moving a little slower."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "American Film Institute (nominations): AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies"
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes: Aurora: \" Would you like to come in?"
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical reception",
"text": "On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a 77% approval rating based on 53 reviews, with a weighted average of 7.51/10."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical reception",
"text": "The site's consensus reads: \"A classic tearjerker, Terms of Endearment isn't shy about reaching for the heartstrings – but is so well-acted and smartly scripted that it's almost impossible to resist.\" Metacritic reports a score of 79/100 based on reviews from 10 critics, indicating \"Generally favorable reviews\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical reception",
"text": "In his movie guide, Leonard Maltin awarded the film a rare four-star rating, calling it a \"Wonderful mix of humor and heartache\", and concluded the film was \"Consistently offbeat and unpredictable, with exceptional performances by all three stars\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Sequel",
"text": "\" Garrett: \"I'd rather stick needles in my eyes.\" AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) A sequel to the film, The Evening Star (1996), in which MacLaine and Nicholson reprised their roles, was a critical and commercial failure."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical reception",
"text": "Roger Ebert gave the film a four-out-of-four star rating, calling it \"a wonderful film\" and stating, \"There isn't a thing that I would change, and I was exhilarated by the freedom it gives itself to move from the high comedy of Nicholson's best moments to the acting of Debra Winger in the closing scenes.\" Gene Siskel, who gave the film a highly enthusiastic review, correctly predicted upon its release that it would go on to win the Academy Award for Best Picture of 1983."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical reception",
"text": "The film was generally well regarded by critics."
}
] |
The comedy-drama movie did not make much money and was destroyed by the reviews.
| 2 | 7 |
Terms of Endearment
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "[tʰɛ̂ːbai̯]) is a city in Boeotia, central Greece."
}
] |
jBu0hgc1JcvyVFc6Rwyd
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It played an important role in Greek myths, as the site of the stories of Cadmus, Oedipus, Dionysus, Heracles and others."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Hellenistic and Roman periods",
"text": "Thebes was also revered as the most ancient of Greek cities, with a history of over 1,000 years."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Hellenistic and Roman periods | Restoration by Cassander",
"text": "Cassander's plan for rebuilding Thebes called for the various Greek city-states to provide skilled labor and manpower, and ultimately it proved successful."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Prior to its destruction by Alexander in 335 BC, Thebes was a major force in Greek history, and was the most dominant city-state at the time of the Macedonian conquest of Greece."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Thebes (; Greek: Θήβα, Thíva [ˈθiva]"
},
{
"section_header": "History | Decline and destruction",
"text": "Philip was content to deprive Thebes of its dominion over Boeotia; but an unsuccessful revolt in 335 BC against his son Alexander the Great while he was campaigning in the north was punished by Alexander and his Greek allies with the destruction of the city (except, according to tradition, the house of the poet Pindar and the temples), and its territory divided between the other Boeotian cities."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early history",
"text": "Tʰēgʷai was one of the first Greek communities to be drawn together within a fortified city, and that it owed its importance in prehistoric days — as later — to its military strength."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Thebes was the largest city of the ancient region of Boeotia and was the leader of the Boeotian confederacy."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Latin period",
"text": "In 1379, the Navarrese Company took the city with the aid of the Latin Archbishop of Thebes, Simon Atumano."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Modern town",
"text": "In the modern Greek State, Thebes was the capital of the prefecture of Boeotia until the late 19th century, when Livadeia became the capital."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "[tʰɛ̂ːbai̯]) is a city in Boeotia, central Greece."
}
] |
Thebes is a Mesopotamian city that plays a role in Greek mythology.
| 1 | 6 |
Thebes, Greece
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He grew up in South Central Los Angeles, California."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career",
"text": "In the episode \"Whacking Day\", Bart and Lisa used his famous deep bass singing voice, played through loudspeakers placed on the ground, to lull and attract snakes, saving them from extermination."
}
] |
jBuQ5Wj5idsdLmP3o9Im
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Barry Eugene Carter (September 12, 1944 – July 4, 2003), better known by his stage name Barry White, was an American singer-songwriter, musician, record producer and composer."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He grew up in South Central Los Angeles, California."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career",
"text": "In the episode \"Whacking Day\", Bart and Lisa used his famous deep bass singing voice, played through loudspeakers placed on the ground, to lull and attract snakes, saving them from extermination."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A two-time Grammy Award–winner known for his distinctive bass-baritone voice and romantic image, his greatest success came in the 1970s as a solo singer and with The Love Unlimited Orchestra, crafting many enduring soul, funk, and disco songs such as his two biggest hits: \" You're the First, the Last,"
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 1990s",
"text": "In 1994, White released The Icon Is Love, which went to No. 1 on the Billboard R&B album charts, and the single \"Practice What"
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Marriages",
"text": "In 1974, White married singer Glodean James."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 1970s as producer",
"text": "The Supremes, the group members had gradually honed their talents with White for two years previously until they signed contracts with Uni Records."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "In an obituary referring to White by his nickname, \"The Walrus of Love\", the BBC recalled \"the rich timbres of one of the most distinctive soul voices of his generation, about which it was once said: 'If chocolate fudge cake could sing, it would sound like Barry White.'\"On"
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 1970s as producer",
"text": "White married the lead singer of the group, Glodean James, on July 4, 1974."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 1960s",
"text": "He discovered singer Felice Taylor and arranged her song"
}
] |
Barry White was a famous singer known for his iconic voice and learned his talent in North Central America.
| 0 | 0 |
Barry White
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reception and box-office",
"text": "Gentleman's Agreement received a generally favorable reception from influential New York Times critic Bosley Crowther."
}
] |
jCFRk155bpE9DSbhtwVw
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception and box-office",
"text": "In recognition for producing Gentleman's Agreement, the Hollywood chapter of"
},
{
"section_header": "Reception and box-office",
"text": "Gentleman's Agreement received a generally favorable reception from influential New York Times critic Bosley Crowther."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception and box-office",
"text": ", Gentleman's Agreement was one of Fox's highest-grossing movies of 1947."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Gentleman's Agreement is a 1947 American drama film based on Laura Z. Hobson's best-selling 1947 novel of the same name."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception and box-office",
"text": "Crowther said that \"every point about prejudice which Miss Hobson had to make in her book has been made with superior illustration and more graphic demonstration in the film, so that the sweep of her moral indignation is not only widened, but intensified thereby\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception and box-office",
"text": "However, Crowther also said that the movie shared the novel's failings in that \"explorations are narrowly confined to the upper-class social and professional level to which he is immediately exposed\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception and box-office",
"text": "He also said the main character's shock at the extent of anti-Semitism was lacking in credibility: \"It is, in a careful analysis, an extraordinarily naive role."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception and box-office",
"text": "\"In addition to winning Academy Awards for best picture and best director"
},
{
"section_header": "Reception and box-office",
"text": "The political nature of the film, however, upset the House Un-American Activities Committee, with Elia Kazan, Darryl Zanuck, John Garfield, and Anne Revere all being called to testify before the committee."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception and box-office",
"text": "Revere refused to testify and although Garfield appeared, he refused to \"name names\"."
}
] |
Gentleman's Agreement got a mostly unfavorable reception.
| 1 | 3 |
Gentleman's Agreement
|
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