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Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Productions | Original productions",
"text": "Following its tryout at Detroit's Fisher Theatre in July and August 1964, then Washington in August to September, the original Broadway production opened on September 22, 1964, at the Imperial Theatre, transferred in 1967 to the Majestic Theatre and in 1970 to The Broadway Theatre, and ran for a record-setting total of 3,242 performances."
}
] |
k0panjPiv6StkbksIygR
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Act I",
"text": "One, Fyedka, protects her, dismissing the others."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions | Other notable US productions",
"text": "Topol in 'Fiddler on the Roof': The Farewell Tour opened on January 20, 2009, in Wilmington, Delaware."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural influence | Covers",
"text": "For example, in 1964, jazz saxophonist Cannonball Adderley recorded the album Fiddler on the Roof, which featured jazz arrangements of eight songs from the musical."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural influence | Covers",
"text": "The song was inspired by the 1993 British Louchie Lou & Michie One ragga version of the same name."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The original Broadway production of the show, which opened in 1964, had the first musical theatre run in history to surpass 3,000 performances."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions | Broadway revivals",
"text": "A second Broadway revival opened on July 9, 1981, and played for a limited run (53 performances) at Lincoln Center's New York State Theater."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions | Original productions",
"text": "Following its tryout at Detroit's Fisher Theatre in July and August 1964, then Washington in August to September, the original Broadway production opened on September 22, 1964, at the Imperial Theatre, transferred in 1967 to the Majestic Theatre and in 1970 to The Broadway Theatre, and ran for a record-setting total of 3,242 performances."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "The show found the right balance for its time, even if not entirely authentic, to become \"one of the first popular post-Holocaust depictions of the vanished world of Eastern European Jewry\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions | Broadway revivals",
"text": "The first Broadway revival opened on December 28, 1976, and ran for 176 performances at the Winter Garden Theatre."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions | Broadway revivals",
"text": "The third Broadway revival opened on November 18, 1990, and ran for 241 performances at the George Gershwin Theatre."
}
] |
The play Fiddler on the Roof opened in 1964 on Broadway.
| 0 | 0 |
Fiddler on the Roof
|
Music
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Early years (1977–1979)",
"text": "Throughout 1979, the band developed a loyal following among British hard rock and heavy metal fans and were considered among the leaders of the new wave of British heavy metal movement."
}
] |
k1dhCX5c0hlt8vMFlV4r
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Def Leppard are an English rock band formed in 1977 in Sheffield and are considered part of the new wave of British heavy metal movement."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical style and legacy",
"text": "Def Leppard were among the most successful of the new wave of British heavy metal bands in the early 1980s."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical style and legacy | Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction",
"text": "On 9 October 2018, Def Leppard received an induction nomination from the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical style and legacy | Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction",
"text": "On 13 December 2018, Def Leppard were named in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's Class of 2019."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years (1977–1979)",
"text": "Throughout 1979, the band developed a loyal following among British hard rock and heavy metal fans and were considered among the leaders of the new wave of British heavy metal movement."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Hysteria era (1984–1989)",
"text": "At the 1989 Brit Awards held at the Royal Albert Hall in London, Def Leppard were again a nominee for Best British Group, and the band performed \"Pour Some Sugar on Me\" at the ceremony."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Def Leppard were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2019."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Hysteria era (1984–1989)",
"text": "At the 1989 American Music Awards, Def Leppard won Favorite Heavy Metal/Hard Rock Artist, as well as Favorite Heavy Metal/Hard Rock Album (for Hysteria)."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Rise to fame (1980–1983)",
"text": "As a testament to the band's popularity at the time, a US Gallup poll in 1984 saw Def Leppard voted as favourite rock band over peers such as The Rolling Stones, AC/DC, and Journey."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "Def Leppard won two awards at the 1989 American Music Awards for favorite Heavy Metal/Hard Rock Artist and album for Hysteria."
}
] |
Def Leppard is a British rock band.
| 1 | 5 |
Def Leppard
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Harry was the youngest child in his family of four; he had a sister named Lulu and twin brothers named George and Charlie."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After graduating from the high school affiliated with Saint Mary's College of California, Hooper graduated from college there with an engineering degree."
}
] |
k30L9lC2cRmIJxeUjVH3
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Outside baseball",
"text": "Hooper married the former Esther Henchy in 1912 and they had three children, named John, Harry Jr, and Marie."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After graduating from the high school affiliated with Saint Mary's College of California, Hooper graduated from college there with an engineering degree."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "Hooper Beach in Capitola is named for Harry Hooper."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Harry Hooper Jr said that Hooper had died of old age."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Chicago White Sox",
"text": "Newspaper accounts said that Hooper had not been warned about the trade, that he would demand a higher salary from the White Sox and that he was prepared not to play unless the team met his demands."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Hooper's two older brothers had been forced to quit school early to work on the family farm, but Hooper showed an affinity for school, especially in math."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Chicago White Sox",
"text": "Defensively, Hooper finished his career with a .966 fielding percentage playing at all three outfield positions."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Hooper had surgery for a circulatory issue three weeks before his death, but he seemed to have recovered well from that procedure."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Harry Bartholomew Hooper (August 24, 1887 – December 18, 1974) was a Major League Baseball (MLB) right fielder in the early 20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Harry was the youngest child in his family of four; he had a sister named Lulu and twin brothers named George and Charlie."
}
] |
Harry Hooper had three siblings and completed his higher learning with a degree emphasizing the subject of math.
| 0 | 0 |
Harry Hooper
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "When his younger brother Lloyd Waner got elected to the Hall of Fame they became the second pair of brothers in the National Baseball Hall of Fame, after Harry and George Wright."
}
] |
k3GwwMH9V4gs8zp9jKKc
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "\" With the induction of his brother Lloyd in 1967, they became the second brother combination to be inducted into the Hall of Fame (with Harry and George Wright being the other)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "When his younger brother Lloyd Waner got elected to the Hall of Fame they became the second pair of brothers in the National Baseball Hall of Fame, after Harry and George Wright."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Paul and Lloyd also hold the record for most hits recorded by brothers (5,611)."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His younger brother Lloyd Waner is also a member of the National Baseball Hall of Fame; Ora had once been offered a contract by the Chicago White Stockings but declined it, instead settling a 400-acre farm."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "The Pirates retired Waner's No. 11 in a ceremony before their game vs. the Astros on July 21, 2007, 55 years to the day of his induction into the Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "The origin of the nicknames \"Big Poison\" and \"Little Poison\" that were given to Paul and his younger brother Lloyd, respectively, is from a game at the Polo Grounds during the 1927 season when a fan pronounced \"person\" as \"poison\" as he called out to the brothers."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "Waner (3,152) and his younger brother, Lloyd (2,459), hold the career record for hits by brothers (5,611), outpacing the three Alou brothers (5,094): Felipe (2,101), Matty (1,777) and Jesús (1,216), and the three DiMaggio brothers (4,853): Joe (2,214), Dom (1,680) and Vince (959), among others."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "Waner was named to the National Baseball Hall of Fame on July 21, 1952."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A career .333 A career .333 hitter he was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1952."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League Baseball career | Pittsburgh Pirates",
"text": "His 223 hits in 1928 were tied (with his younger brother Lloyd) for second most in team history."
}
] |
Paul and his brother were the first set of brothers to be inducted in the Hall of Fame.
| 1 | 4 |
Paul Waner
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy and inspiration",
"text": "Nevertheless, the realistic portrayal of the battlefield in The Red Badge of Courage has often misled readers into thinking that Crane (despite being born six years after the end of the Civil War) was himself a veteran."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy and inspiration",
"text": "Although Crane once wrote in a letter, \"You can tell nothing... unless you are in that condition yourself,\" he wrote The Red Badge of Courage without any experience of war."
}
] |
k3LYmBz1CDVIcOS7FAlZ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Separating itself from a traditional war narrative, Crane's story reflects the inner experience of its protagonist (a soldier fleeing from combat) rather than the external world around him."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Crane was delighted with his novel's success overseas, writing to a friend: \"I have only one pride"
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "For example, one reviewer wrote, \"As Mr. Crane is too young a man to write from experience, the frightful details of his book must be the outcome of a very feverish imagination.\" Crane and his work also received criticism from veterans of the war; one in particular, Alexander C. McClurg, a brigadier general who served through the Chickamauga and Chattanooga campaigns, wrote a lengthy letter to The Dial (which his publishing company owned) in April 1896, lambasting the novel as \"a vicious satire upon American soldiers and American armies."
},
{
"section_header": "Style and genre",
"text": "Told in a third-person limited point of view, the novel reflects the inner-experience of Henry Fleming, a young soldier who flees from combat, rather than upon the external world around him."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy and inspiration",
"text": "Nevertheless, the realistic portrayal of the battlefield in The Red Badge of Courage has often misled readers into thinking that Crane (despite being born six years after the end of the Civil War) was himself a veteran."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy and inspiration",
"text": "Although Crane once wrote in a letter, \"You can tell nothing... unless you are in that condition yourself,\" he wrote The Red Badge of Courage without any experience of war."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "During the regiment's first battle, Confederate soldiers charge, but are repelled."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "\" The reviewer for The New York Times was impressed by Crane's realistic portrayal of war, writing that the book \"strikes the reader as a statement of facts by a veteran\", a sentiment that was echoed by the reviewer for The Critic, who called the novel \"a true book; true to life, whether it be taken as a literal transcript of a soldier's experiences in his first battle, or... a great parable of the inner battle which every man must fight."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "One member of the group, a \"tattered soldier\", asks Henry where he is wounded, but the youth dodges the question."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Crane conceived the story from the point of view of a young private who is at first filled with boyish dreams of the glory of war, only to become disillusioned by war's reality."
}
] |
Crane was a soldier in the first World War and that is how he had the experiences to write about what it's like on the battlefield.
| 0 | 3 |
The Red Badge of Courage
|
Literature
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Appearances in popular culture",
"text": "In the 2020 film Driveways, Jerry Adler quotes the poem as a sudden memory from his childhood; a sign he has dementia."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "Nevertheless, over five years, it earned Bryant only $14.92."
}
] |
k3MtGnTuspizA7zUVKrB
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "He replaced the introductory section, made a few minor changes to the text and added more material after the original end of the poem, which was \"and make their bed with thee!\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Appearances in popular culture",
"text": "The band's first album, Thanatopsis, was also named after this poem."
},
{
"section_header": "Appearances in popular culture",
"text": "In the 2020 film Driveways, Jerry Adler quotes the poem as a sudden memory from his childhood; a sign he has dementia."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "Poems was considered by many to be the first major book of American poetry."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "The part written by the author begins with \"Yet a few days,\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "Nevertheless, over five years, it earned Bryant only $14.92."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "According to Parke Godwin, Bryant's friend, Bryant wrote the poem when he was seventeen years old in mid-1811, just after he had left Williams College."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Bryant's first published poem was \"The Embargo; or, Sketches of the Times\", a satirical work concerning Thomas Jefferson's Embargo Act of 1807."
},
{
"section_header": "Appearances in popular culture",
"text": "Poet and literary critic Thomas Holley Chivers, who often accused other writers of stealing poems, said that the only thing Bryant \"ever wrote that may be called Poetry is 'Thanatopsis,' which he stole line for line from the Spanish.\" In The Silence of the Lambs by Thomas Harris, Clarice Starling reveals to Hannibal Lecter one detail of her father's last days in a hospital: an elderly neighbour reading to him the last lines of \"Thanatopsis.\" In Sinclair Lewis' novel Main Street, the women's study club of Gopher Prairie is the Thanatopsis club."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"Thanatopsis\" is a poem by the American poet William Cullen Bryant."
}
] |
The poem, Thanatopsis, was cited in a 2020 movie and only made the writer fewer than 15 dollars in the first few years.
| 1 | 2 |
Thanatopsis
|
Music
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dire Straits were a British rock band formed in London in 1977 by Mark Knopfler (lead vocals and lead guitar), David Knopfler (rhythm guitar and backing vocals), John Illsley (bass guitar and backing vocals), and Pick Withers (drums and percussion)."
}
] |
k3fF7gkHlSudJm0Dq6Ny
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dire Straits are one of the world's best-selling music artists, with album sales of over 100 million."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1991–1995: Resurrection, final albums and final dissolution",
"text": "Dire Straits' final album, Live at the BBC, is a collection of live recordings from 1978 to 1981, which mostly feature the original line-up of the band."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1977–1979: Early years and first two albums",
"text": "That year, Dire Straits began a tour as opening band for Talking Heads after the re-released \"Sultans of Swing\" finally started to climb the UK charts."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1987–1990: First break-up",
"text": "Dire Straits regrouped in 1988 for"
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1980–1984: Increased musical complexity and early success",
"text": "Love Over Gold was the first Dire Straits album produced solely by Mark Knopfler, and its main chart hit, \"Private Investigations\", gave Dire Straits their first top 5 hit single in the United Kingdom, where it reached the number 2 position despite its almost seven-minute length, and became another of the band's most popular live songs."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1980–1984: Increased musical complexity and early success",
"text": "In 1980, Dire Straits were nominated for two Grammy Awards for Best New Artist and Best Rock Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group for \"Sultans of Swing\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1991–1995: Resurrection, final albums and final dissolution",
"text": "In early 1991, Dire Straits reunited."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1996–present: Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction",
"text": "In December 2009, the band was commemorated with a Heritage Award from PRS for Music."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1980–1984: Increased musical complexity and early success",
"text": "After the recording sessions were completed, keyboardist Alan Clark and Californian guitarist Hal Lindes joined Dire Straits as full-time members for tours of Europe, North America, and Oceania."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dire Straits won four Grammy Awards, three Brit Awards (Best British Group twice), two MTV Video Music Awards, and various other awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dire Straits were a British rock band formed in London in 1977 by Mark Knopfler (lead vocals and lead guitar), David Knopfler (rhythm guitar and backing vocals), John Illsley (bass guitar and backing vocals), and Pick Withers (drums and percussion)."
}
] |
Dire Straits is a musical band from Great Britain.
| 2 | 4 |
Dire Straits
|
Science
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Plans for a trip to space",
"text": "On 26 April 2007, Hawking flew aboard a specially-modified Boeing 727-200 jet operated by Zero-G Corp off the coast of Florida to experience weightlessness."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2000–2018",
"text": "For practical reasons related to his disability, Hawking increasingly travelled by private jet, and by 2011 that had become his only mode of international travel."
}
] |
k3rJTQfIVe1VVhoFCnwJ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Disability",
"text": "The MND diagnosis came when Hawking was 21, in 1963."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Undergraduate years",
"text": "Part of the transformation resulted from his decision to join the college boat club, the University College Boat Club, where he coxed a rowing crew."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Marriages",
"text": "Reflecting on this happier period, a revised version of Jane's book, re-titled Travelling to Infinity: My Life with Stephen, appeared in 2007, and was made into a film, The Theory of Everything, in 2014."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Graduate years",
"text": "Although Hawking had difficulty walking unsupported, and his speech was almost unintelligible, an initial diagnosis that he had only two years to live proved unfounded."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2000–2018",
"text": "For practical reasons related to his disability, Hawking increasingly travelled by private jet, and by 2011 that had become his only mode of international travel."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Undergraduate years",
"text": "The rowing coach at the time noted that Hawking cultivated a daredevil image, steering his crew on risky courses that led to damaged boats."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1975–1990",
"text": "Hawking travelled extensively to promote his work, and enjoyed partying and dancing into the small hours."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Marriages",
"text": "Hawking accepted, and Bernard Carr travelled with them as the first of many students who fulfilled this role."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2000–2018",
"text": "Hawking and Higgs engaged in a heated and public debate over the matter in 2002 and again in 2008, with Higgs criticising Hawking's work and complaining that Hawking's \"celebrity status gives him instant credibility that others do not have."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Primary and secondary school years",
"text": "A positive consequence was that Hawking remained close to a group of friends with whom he enjoyed board games, the manufacture of fireworks, model aeroplanes and boats, and long discussions about Christianity and extrasensory perception."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Plans for a trip to space",
"text": "On 26 April 2007, Hawking flew aboard a specially-modified Boeing 727-200 jet operated by Zero-G Corp off the coast of Florida to experience weightlessness."
}
] |
After his diagnosis, Hawking made journeys by plane again, traveling only by train and boat.
| 3 | 5 |
Stephen Hawking
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and acting background",
"text": "Leonardo Wilhelm DiCaprio was born on November 11, 1974 in Los Angeles, California, the only child of Irmelin (née Indenbirken), a legal secretary, and George DiCaprio, an underground comix writer, publisher, and distributor of comic books."
}
] |
k3uh7EHlSrp2nWRVy2nG
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Leonardo Wilhelm DiCaprio (, Italian: [diˈkaːprjo]; born November 11, 1974) is an American actor, producer, philanthropist, and environmentalist."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and acting background",
"text": "Leonardo Wilhelm DiCaprio was born on November 11, 1974 in Los Angeles, California, the only child of Irmelin (née Indenbirken), a legal secretary, and George DiCaprio, an underground comix writer, publisher, and distributor of comic books."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2014–present: Emphasis on documentaries",
"text": "He also learned to shoot a musket, build a fire, speak two Native American languages (Pawnee and Arikara) and apply ancient healing techniques."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and acting background",
"text": "DiCaprio was named Leonardo because his pregnant mother was looking at a Leonardo da Vinci painting in the Uffizi museum in Florence, Italy, when he first kicked."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Environmental activism",
"text": "He established the Leonardo DiCaprio Foundation in 1998, a non-profit organization devoted to promoting environmental awareness."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and acting background",
"text": "His work that year earned him two nominations at the 12th Youth in Film Awards—Best Young Actor in a Daytime Series for Santa Barbara and Best Young Actor Starring in a New Television Series for Parenthood."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Philanthropy",
"text": "In 1998, DiCaprio and his mother donated $35,000 for a \"Leonardo DiCaprio Computer Center\" at the library in Los Feliz, the site of his childhood home."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Environmental activism",
"text": "DiCaprio presented at the 2007 American leg of Live Earth, and in 2010 earned a nomination for the VH1"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and acting background",
"text": "DiCaprio's maternal grandfather, Wilhelm Indenbirken, was German, and his maternal grandmother, Helene Indenbirken, was a Russian-born German citizen."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2002–2009: Move into film production",
"text": "DiCaprio was also a creator and an executive producer for Greensburg, an American television series broadcast on the Planet Green television network."
}
] |
American actor Leonardo Wilhelm DiCaprio has two siblings.
| 0 | 0 |
Leonardo DiCaprio
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Technical and historical accuracy",
"text": "The show The Real Story: Apollo 13 broadcast on the Smithsonian Channel includes Haise stating that no such argument took place and that there was no way anyone could have foreseen that stirring the tank would cause problems."
}
] |
k42aEndSmOvqyEFzzx6D
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Release | Reception",
"text": "Apollo 13 gives one hell of a ride.\" Edward Guthmann of San Francisco Chronicle gave a mixed review and wrote: \"I just wish that Apollo 13 worked better as a movie, and that Howard's threshold for corn, mush and twinkly sentiment weren't so darn wide.\" Peter Travers of Rolling Stone praised the film and wrote: \"Howard lays off the manipulation to tell the true story of the near-fatal 1970 Apollo 13 mission in painstaking and lively detail."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Reception",
"text": "The site's critical consensus reads, \" In recreating the troubled space mission, Apollo 13 pulls no punches"
},
{
"section_header": "Technical and historical accuracy",
"text": "The show The Real Story: Apollo 13 broadcast on the Smithsonian Channel includes Haise stating that no such argument took place and that there was no way anyone could have foreseen that stirring the tank would cause problems."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Afterwards Lovell, who had orbited the Moon on Apollo 8 in December, 1968, tells his wife Marilyn that he intends to return to the Moon to walk on its surface."
},
{
"section_header": "Technical and historical accuracy",
"text": "The following story relates the origin of the phrase, from an e-mail by Apollo 13 Flight Dynamics Officer Jerry Bostick: As far as the expression \"Failure is not an option,\" you are correct that Kranz never used that term."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Box-office performance",
"text": "The film was a box-office success, bringing in $355,237,933 worldwide."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The screenplay by William Broyles Jr. and Al Reinert dramatizes the aborted 1970 Apollo 13 lunar mission and is an adaptation of the 1994 book Lost Moon: The Perilous Voyage of Apollo 13 by astronaut Jim Lovell and Jeffrey Kluger."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film depicts astronauts Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise aboard Apollo 13 for America's third Moon landing mission."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "On April 11, 1970, Flight Director Gene Kranz gives the go-ahead from Houston's Mission Control Center for the Apollo 13 launch."
},
{
"section_header": "Soundtrack",
"text": "The score was a critical success and garnered Horner an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Score."
}
] |
Apollo 13 tells the story of the successful mission.
| 0 | 0 |
Apollo 13 (film)
|
Sports
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Selig was born in Milwaukee, and grew up in a Jewish family."
}
] |
k4DoyUSCoQmuw3dpBIKm
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Commissioner (1998–2015) | Changes to the MLB All-Star Game",
"text": "The 2002 All-Star Game, played in Selig's hometown of Milwaukee, was tied 7–7 after nine innings, and remained tied after the bottom of the 11th inning."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Selig was born in Milwaukee, and grew up in a Jewish family."
},
{
"section_header": "Commissioner (1998–2015) | Disciplinary actions",
"text": "When the cameraman proceeded to pick up his camera, Rogers went back to him in an arguably threatening way."
},
{
"section_header": "Commissioner (1998–2015) | Changes to the MLB All-Star Game",
"text": "Due to the recent managerial trend of granting playing time to as many available players as possible within the regulation nine innings, both managers had used their entire roster."
},
{
"section_header": "Milwaukee Brewers owner",
"text": "Selig followed this up by hosting nine White Sox regular-season games in 1968 and eleven in 1969."
},
{
"section_header": "Milwaukee Brewers owner",
"text": "The first, a pre-season match-up between the Chicago White Sox and Minnesota Twins, drew more than 51,000 spectators."
},
{
"section_header": "Milwaukee Brewers owner",
"text": "When his quest to keep the team in Milwaukee finally failed after the 1965 season, he changed the group's name to Milwaukee Brewers Baseball Club, Inc., after the minor league baseball team he grew up watching, and devoted himself to returning Major League Baseball to Milwaukee."
}
] |
Bud Selig was brought up in an Islamic household.
| 3 | 8 |
Bud Selig
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "words have been set to music by Sir Hubert Parry, Sir Joseph Barnby, Geoffrey Shaw, Dr. George Hewson (organist at St Patrick's Cathedral Dublin), Charles Ives, Gwyneth Van Anden Walker, and by John Philip Sousa, popularly known as the USA's \"March King\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "Tennyson explained, \"The Pilot has been on board all the while, but in the dark I have not seen him"
}
] |
k4IYoPsHa9pyJkhHRrkQ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"Crossing the Bar\" is an 1889 poem by Alfred, Lord Tennyson."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "…[He is] that Divine and Unseen"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is considered that Tennyson wrote it in elegy; the narrator uses an extended metaphor to compare death with crossing the \"sandbar\" between river of life, with its outgoing \"flood\", and the ocean that lies beyond [death], the \"boundless deep\", to which we return."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "The extended metaphor of \"crossing the bar\" represents travelling serenely and securely from life through death."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "Shortly before he died, Tennyson told his son Hallam to \"put 'Crossing the Bar' at the end of all editions of my poems\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "Tennyson is believed to have written the poem (after suffering a serious illness) while on the sea, crossing the Solent from Aldworth to Farringford on the Isle of Wight."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "Assersohn is the Musical Director of Epsom Male Voice Choir, and the choir sang the world première of \"Crossing the Bar\" in Truro Cathedral at the Festival"
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "Opening International Gala Concert on Thursday 30 April 2015.A folk music inspired setting for the poem with a refrain was created by Rani Arbo, an American bluegrass musician."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "The music was written at the time her husband's grandmother was passing away."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "In August 2018, the writer V. S. Naipaul died after reading \"Crossing the Bar\" on his deathbed in London; his family and friends citing the poem as having always held a great resonance to him."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "words have been set to music by Sir Hubert Parry, Sir Joseph Barnby, Geoffrey Shaw, Dr. George Hewson (organist at St Patrick's Cathedral Dublin), Charles Ives, Gwyneth Van Anden Walker, and by John Philip Sousa, popularly known as the USA's \"March King\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "Tennyson explained, \"The Pilot has been on board all the while, but in the dark I have not seen him"
}
] |
"Crossing the Bar" is an 1889 poem by Alfred, Lord Tennyson that has been arranged as music about the Divine escorting lives unseen until death and the crossing over.
| 0 | 0 |
Crossing the Bar
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "On October 19, 2016, a life-sized bronze statue of Irvin was dedicated in Monte Irvin Park."
}
] |
k5fzdXo10Kiy03mYwTu0
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "MLB career",
"text": "A back injury led to Irvin's retirement as a player in 1957."
},
{
"section_header": "Negro league and Mexican League career",
"text": "When that was denied, he left the Negro leagues for the Mexican League, where he won a triple crown; he had a .397 batting average and 20 home runs in 63 games."
},
{
"section_header": "Negro league and Mexican League career | World War II",
"text": "Irvin's military service left him with ringing in the ears, which affected his coordination."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career",
"text": "In 1949, the New York Giants paid $5,000 for Irvin's contract."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career",
"text": "In the third game of the playoff between the Giants and Dodgers, Irvin popped out in the bottom of the ninth inning before Bobby Thomson hit the Shot Heard 'Round the World."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career",
"text": "I didn't understand life in New York until I met Monte."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Monte appeared on an episode of To Tell The Truth dated May 22, 1961."
},
{
"section_header": "Negro league and Mexican League career",
"text": "Larry Doby, the first player to break the color barrier in the American League, was Irvin's double play partner with Newark at one time."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career",
"text": "And Monte was like my brother ... I couldn't go anywhere without him, especially on the road ... It was just a treat to be around him."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "On October 19, 2016, a life-sized bronze statue of Irvin was dedicated in Monte Irvin Park."
}
] |
Monte Irvin's teammates fought to have an effigy built in his likeness and displayed outside of the baseball stadium, but were denied due to lack of funds.
| 0 | 0 |
Monte Irvin
|
Popular Culture
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Elizabeth is a 1998 British biographical drama film written by Michael Hirst, directed by Shekhar Kapur, and starring Cate Blanchett in the title role of Queen Elizabeth I of England, alongside Geoffrey Rush, Christopher Eccleston, Joseph Fiennes, John Gielgud, Fanny Ardant, and Richard Attenborough."
}
] |
k5voFrlFTuLFzg6Dijrl
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Release",
"text": "Elizabeth premiered in September 1998 at the Venice Film Festival; it was also shown at the Toronto International Film Festival."
},
{
"section_header": "Release",
"text": "It premiered in London on 2 October 1998 and it premiered in the United States on 13 October 1998."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Elizabeth is a 1998 British biographical drama film written by Michael Hirst, directed by Shekhar Kapur, and starring Cate Blanchett in the title role of Queen Elizabeth I of England, alongside Geoffrey Rush, Christopher Eccleston, Joseph Fiennes, John Gielgud, Fanny Ardant, and Richard Attenborough."
},
{
"section_header": "Release",
"text": "It opened in the United Kingdom on 23 October 1998 and opened in limited release in the United States in nine cinemas on 6 November 1998, grossing $275,131."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy",
"text": "At the end of the film, Elizabeth is shown as having decided permanently against marriage."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 2007, Blanchett and Rush reprised their roles in Kapur's follow-up film Elizabeth: The Golden Age, which covers the later part of Elizabeth's reign."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy",
"text": "In his entry for Elizabeth I in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Patrick Collinson described the film \"as if the known facts of the reign, plus many hitherto unknown, were shaken up like pieces of a jigsaw and scattered on the table at random.\" Carole Levin, reviewing the film in 1999 for Perspectives on History, criticized the movie for portraying Elizabeth as \"a very weak and flighty character who often showed terrible judgment\", in contrast to historical descriptions of her as a strong, decisive, and intelligent ruler."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy",
"text": "Although the idea of marriage to Henry, Duke of Anjou (who was actually not Mary's nephew but the son of Henry II) was briefly entertained, Elizabeth never actually met him and there is no evidence that he was a transvestite, as depicted in the film."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "The film was well-received by critics."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy",
"text": "In particular, Levin scrutinized the movie's portrayal of Elizabeth as being dependent on Walsingham, in addition to the completely inaccurate portrayal of her relationship with Robert Dudley, as being instances in the film where the character appears weak and overpowered by the men around her."
}
] |
Elizabeth was a film that starred Kate Winslow and Leonardo DiCaprio and premiered in 1998.
| 1 | 6 |
Elizabeth (film)
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "He became abusive toward the boy; and later on in 1885 (still only 12 years old), Johnny ran away."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Johnny's father, understandably bitter, heaped even more responsibility on the young boy's shoulders, and had very little patience for his son's passion for baseball."
}
] |
k6ckH7I5oi1wazwnhST4
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "The younger John McGraw was named \"John\" after his father, and \"Joseph\" after his grandfather back in Ireland."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "John Joseph McGraw (April 7, 1873 – February 25, 1934), nicknamed \"Little Napoleon\" and \"Mugsy\", was a Major League Baseball (MLB) player and manager of the New York Giants."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "They had the younger John McGraw on April 7, 1873."
},
{
"section_header": "Posthumous honors",
"text": "The John McGraw Monument stands in his hometown of Truxton."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "It was there that the elder John McGraw married young Ellen Comerfort."
},
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | 1899–1932",
"text": "When McGraw learned that Giants owner Harry Hempstead and other heirs of Hempstead's predecessor, John T. Brush, wanted out of baseball before the 1919 season, McGraw set about finding a buyer."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Style of play",
"text": "When, as a young player, McGraw tried to block Cleveland's Buck Ewing from third base, Ewing \"went into him with such force that he knocked McGraw off his feet\", John B. Foster of The Cleveland Leader wrote."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "John McGraw, Sr.'s first wife died, and he began moving around looking for work — a search that ultimately led him to Truxton, New York, in 1871."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "McGraw's father (whose name was also John) and his older brother Michael emigrated from Ireland in 1856."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "From that day onward, young John was raised by a kindly neighbor, Mary Goddard, under whose care he did quite well."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "He became abusive toward the boy; and later on in 1885 (still only 12 years old), Johnny ran away."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Johnny's father, understandably bitter, heaped even more responsibility on the young boy's shoulders, and had very little patience for his son's passion for baseball."
}
] |
John Joseph McGraw was an orphan.
| 0 | 0 |
John McGraw
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mass is both a property of a physical body and a measure of its resistance to acceleration (a change in its state of motion) when a net force is applied."
}
] |
k6mSzD3kHeswxAfCPnDs
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Newtonian mass | Inertial mass",
"text": "Inertial mass is the mass of an object measured by its resistance to acceleration."
},
{
"section_header": "Definitions",
"text": "There are a number of ways mass can be measured or operationally defined: Inertial mass is a measure of an object's resistance to acceleration when a force is applied."
},
{
"section_header": "Units of mass",
"text": "The standard International System of Units (SI) unit of mass is the kilogram (kg)."
},
{
"section_header": "Units of mass",
"text": "the electronvolt (eV) is a unit of energy, but because of the mass–energy equivalence it can easily be converted to a unit of mass, and is often used like one."
},
{
"section_header": "Units of mass",
"text": "Outside the SI system, other units of mass include: the slug (sl) is an Imperial unit of mass (about 14.6 kg)."
},
{
"section_header": "Units of mass",
"text": "the pound (lb) is a unit of both mass and force, used mainly in the United States (about 0.45 kg or 4.5 N)."
},
{
"section_header": "Definitions | Inertial vs. gravitational mass",
"text": "For example, if a hammer and a feather are dropped from the same height through the air on Earth, the feather will take much longer to reach the ground; the feather is not really in free-fall because the force of air resistance upwards against the feather is comparable to the downward force of gravity."
},
{
"section_header": "Units of mass",
"text": "In this context, the mass has units of eV/c2 (where c is the speed of light)."
},
{
"section_header": "Definitions | Weight vs. mass",
"text": "Conceptually, \"mass\" (measured in kilograms) refers to an intrinsic property of an object, whereas \"weight\" (measured in newtons) measures an object's resistance to deviating from its natural course of free fall, which can be influenced by the nearby gravitational field."
},
{
"section_header": "Units of mass",
"text": "The atomic mass unit is convenient for expressing the masses of atoms and molecules."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mass is both a property of a physical body and a measure of its resistance to acceleration (a change in its state of motion) when a net force is applied."
}
] |
Mass is a unit of measurement against resistance.
| 0 | 0 |
Mass
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Willie James Wells (August 10, 1906 – January 22, 1989), nicknamed \"The Devil,\" was an American baseball player."
}
] |
k6utC0WrgU9JLpjXIXF6
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was at his finest with his glove, committing almost no errors and having the speed to run down anything which came in his direction."
},
{
"section_header": "Negro league career",
"text": "In 1926 he hit 27 home runs, a Negro League single-season record."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Wells first played professional baseball in 1923, playing one season for the Austin Black Senators of the Texas Colored League, a minor league for the Negro National League."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Wells was also notable as being the first player to use a batting helmet, after being hit and receiving a concussion while playing with the Newark Eagles (his first helmet was a construction helmet)."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "644 runs scored, 399 runs batted in, and 756 games played."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He briefly attended Samuel Huston College in Austin before he was called up to the St. Louis team in the NNL."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "After his baseball career, Wells was employed at a New York City deli before returning to his birthplace of Austin to look after his mother."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Willie James Wells (August 10, 1906 – January 22, 1989), nicknamed \"The Devil,\" was an American baseball player."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "Stella Lee Wells, Willie's daughter, created a scholarship fund honoring her father, called the Stella and Willie Wells Scholarship Fund."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "Known statistics: Known statistics: .319 career batting average, .510 slugging percentage, 98 home runs,"
}
] |
Willie Wells' moniker was "Wheels" referencing a training incident that left him in a wheelchair with two broken legs before his first season, which he recovered from, making an amazing comeback and retaining the 'speed to run down anything that came his direction'.
| 0 | 0 |
Willie Wells
|
Popular Culture
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film focuses on union violence and corruption amongst longshoremen, while detailing widespread corruption, extortion, and racketeering on the waterfronts of Hoboken, New Jersey."
}
] |
k78jSzdsgcOs4u3uCEIQ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming locations",
"text": "On the Waterfront was filmed over 36 days on location in various places in Hoboken, New Jersey, including the docks, workers' slum dwellings, bars, littered alleys, and rooftops."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "There was something well-bred about Montgomery that Kazan thought would not be becoming for Edie, who was raised on the waterfront in Hoboken, New Jersey."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film focuses on union violence and corruption amongst longshoremen, while detailing widespread corruption, extortion, and racketeering on the waterfronts of Hoboken, New Jersey."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Real-life basis for characters",
"text": "In 1979, Clemente and other members of the Genovese family were indicted for corruption and racketeering on the New York waterfront."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1989, On the Waterfront was one of the first 25 films to be deemed \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\" by the Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "Despite playing Terry's older brother, Steiger was one year younger than Brando."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Real-life basis for characters",
"text": "Terry Malloy's fight against corruption was in part modeled after whistle-blowing longshoreman Anthony DeVincenzo, who testified before a real-life Waterfront Commission about activities on the Hoboken Docks and suffered a degree of ostracism for his deed."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Screenplay and political context",
"text": "One of Kazan's critics was his friend and collaborator, the noted playwright Arthur Miller, who had earlier written the first version of the script, originally titled The Hook."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "It was left to Spiegel to break the news to Sinatra that Malden had been signed for this role."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film was suggested by \"Crime on the Waterfront\" by Malcolm Johnson, a series of articles published in November–December 1948 in the New York Sun which won the 1949 Pulitzer Prize for Local Reporting, but the screenplay by Budd Schulberg is directly based on his own original story."
}
] |
On the Waterfront takes place in Hoboken, New Jersey.
| 2 | 7 |
On the Waterfront
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "Although the poem is humorous at times, Pope keeps a sense that beauty is fragile, and emphasizes that the loss of a lock of hair touches Belinda deeply."
},
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "The humour of the poem comes from the storm in a teacup being couched within the elaborate, formal verbal structure of an epic poem."
}
] |
k7YLRhpOtSoEFV0FanJQ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Rape of the Lock is a mock-heroic narrative poem written by Alexander Pope."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "Modern adaptations of The Rape of the Lock include Deborah Mason's opera-ballet, on which the composer worked since 2002."
},
{
"section_header": "Parody and interpretation",
"text": "The 1714 edition of The Rape of the Lock and those that followed from Lintot's press had come with six woodcuts designed by Louis Du Guernier."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "[it] inscribes Belinda's name\", contributed to the eventual naming of three of the moons of Uranus after characters from The Rape of the Lock: Umbriel, Ariel, and Belinda."
},
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "The poem's title does not refer to the extreme of sexual rape, but to an earlier alternative definition of the word derived from the Latin rapere (supine stem raptum), \"to snatch, to grab, to carry off\"—in this case, the theft and carrying away of a lock of hair."
},
{
"section_header": "Parody and interpretation",
"text": "In 1717 Giles Jacob published his bawdy parody, The Rape of the Smock, the plot of which turns on voyeurism and enforced seduction, building on erotic undertones present in Pope's poem which were to be taken up by its illustrators, and reached an apotheosis in Aubrey Beardsley's work."
},
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "Pope, writing pseudonymously as Esdras Barnivelt, also published A Key to the Lock in 1714 as a humorous warning against taking the poem too seriously."
},
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "Although the poem is humorous at times, Pope keeps a sense that beauty is fragile, and emphasizes that the loss of a lock of hair touches Belinda deeply."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "When she demands that he restore the lock, however, it is nowhere to be found."
},
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "The humour of the poem comes from the storm in a teacup being couched within the elaborate, formal verbal structure of an epic poem."
}
] |
The Rape of the Lock is not a funny poem.
| 0 | 0 |
The Rape of the Lock
|
History
| 8 |
[
{
"section_header": "Family and childhood | Early life",
"text": "Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, the second child of Thomas Lincoln and Nancy Hanks Lincoln, in a one-room log cabin on Sinking Spring Farm near Hodgenville, Kentucky."
}
] |
k7xSmGeNHJK25uCWF7CF
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Illinois state legislature",
"text": "Then followed his four terms in the Illinois House of Representatives for Sangamon County."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lincoln was born in poverty in a log cabin and was raised on the frontier primarily in Indiana."
},
{
"section_header": "Early career and militia service",
"text": "That March he entered politics, running for the Illinois General Assembly, advocating navigational improvements on the Sangamon River."
},
{
"section_header": "Family and childhood | Education and move to Illinois",
"text": "In 1831, as Thomas and other family prepared to move to a new homestead in Coles County, Illinois, Abraham struck out on his own."
},
{
"section_header": "Family and childhood | Early life",
"text": "Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, the second child of Thomas Lincoln and Nancy Hanks Lincoln, in a one-room log cabin on Sinking Spring Farm near Hodgenville, Kentucky."
},
{
"section_header": "U.S. House of Representatives, 1847–1849 | Political views",
"text": "Lincoln had pledged in 1846 to serve only one term in the House."
},
{
"section_header": "U.S. House of Representatives, 1847–1849 | Political views",
"text": "One Illinois newspaper derisively nicknamed him \"spotty Lincoln."
},
{
"section_header": "U.S. House of Representatives, 1847–1849 | Political views",
"text": "This distant territory was a Democratic stronghold, and acceptance of the post would have disrupted his legal and political career in Illinois, so he declined and resumed his law practice."
},
{
"section_header": "Family and childhood | Early life",
"text": "Thomas then worked at odd jobs in Kentucky and Tennessee before the family settled in Hardin County, Kentucky in the early 1800s."
},
{
"section_header": "Family and childhood | Marriage and children",
"text": "Lincoln's third son, \"Willie\" Lincoln was born on December 21, 1850, and died of fever at the White House on February 20, 1862."
},
{
"section_header": "Family and childhood | Early life",
"text": "Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, the second child of Thomas Lincoln and Nancy Hanks Lincoln, in a one-room log cabin on Sinking Spring Farm near Hodgenville, Kentucky."
}
] |
Before entering politics, Lincoln was born into poverty in a log house in Sangamon county, Illinois.
| 6 | 10 |
Abraham Lincoln
|
Music
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He initially gained recognition as an actor on the teen drama television series Degrassi: The Next Generation in the 2000s; intent on pursuing a career in music, he left the series in 2007 after releasing his debut mixtape Room for Improvement."
}
] |
k8KTo7RC96LSSG7Jklgz
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010–2012: Musical breakthrough with Thank Me Later and Take Care",
"text": "He began the tour on September 20, 2010 in Miami, Florida, performing at 78 shows over four different legs."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010–2012: Musical breakthrough with Thank Me Later and Take Care",
"text": "On April 29, it was reportedly announced that Drake had finished Thank Me Later during a show in Kansas City, Missouri."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2013–2015: Nothing Was the Same and If You're Reading This It's Too Late",
"text": "Drake also performed in Dubai, being one of the only artists ever to perform in the city."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He initially gained recognition as an actor on the teen drama television series Degrassi: The Next Generation in the 2000s; intent on pursuing a career in music, he left the series in 2007 after releasing his debut mixtape Room for Improvement."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Feuds",
"text": "Drake would further seek to denounce Funkmaster Flex during his Madison Square Garden shows on the Summer Sixteen Tour."
},
{
"section_header": "Public image",
"text": "In 2016, Drake visited Drake University after a show in Des Moines in response to an extensive social media campaign by students that began in 2009, advocating for his appearance."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2015–2017: What a Time to Be Alive, Views and More Life",
"text": "He later won 13 awards at the 2017 Billboard Music Awards in May, which saw him breaking the record for the most wins in a single show."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships",
"text": "the talk show The Shop: As life takes shape and teaches you your own lessons, I end up in this situation where I don't have the fairy tale, like, '"
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships",
"text": "Oh, Drake started a family with Rihanna and this is like so perfect.'"
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Legal issues",
"text": "The case, which was set to undergo trial in May 2018, was dismissed by Superior Court Judge Elaine Lu after Fisher failed to show up for a final status conference."
}
] |
Drake started out as a performer on a TV show and he left the show in 2007.
| 3 | 3 |
Drake (musician)
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The six naturally occurring noble gases are helium (He), neon (Ne), argon ("
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), and the radioactive radon (Rn)."
}
] |
k8hl7O8jWEa1JcqaoR9k
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The noble gases (historically also the inert gases; sometimes referred to as aerogens) make up a class of chemical elements with similar properties; under standard conditions, they are all odourless, colourless, monatomic gases with very low chemical reactivity."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The six naturally occurring noble gases are helium (He), neon (Ne), argon ("
},
{
"section_header": "Physical and atomic properties",
"text": "The noble gases up to xenon have multiple stable isotopes."
},
{
"section_header": "Chemical properties | Compounds",
"text": "Because it is composed of the two most abundant elements in the universe, hydrogen and helium, it is believed to occur naturally in the interstellar medium, although it has not been detected yet."
},
{
"section_header": "Chemical properties | Configuration",
"text": "However, heavier noble gases such as radon are held less firmly together by electromagnetic force than lighter noble gases such as helium, making it easier to remove outer electrons from heavy noble gases."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "For the first six periods of the periodic table, the noble gases are exactly the members of group 18."
},
{
"section_header": "Chemical properties | Compounds",
"text": "The chemistry of the heavier noble gases, krypton and xenon, are well established."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The inertness of noble gases makes them very suitable in applications where reactions are not wanted."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In 1895, French chemist Henri Moissan attempted to form a reaction between fluorine, the most electronegative element, and argon, one of the noble gases, but failed."
},
{
"section_header": "Occurrence and production",
"text": "The prices of the noble gases are influenced by their natural abundance, with argon being the cheapest and xenon the most expensive."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), and the radioactive radon (Rn)."
}
] |
Noble gases make up a class of chemical elements with similar properties and krypton is not one of the six naturally occurring noble gases..
| 0 | 0 |
Noble gas
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film is about two musicians who dress in drag in order to escape from mafia gangsters whom they witnessed committing a crime (inspired by the Saint Valentine's Day Massacre)."
}
] |
k99HNWSDghfjGfo9harV
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Jerry persuades Osgood to take \"Daphne\" and \"Josephine\" away on his yacht."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Joe tells Sugar that he is not good enough for her, that she would be getting the \"fuzzy end of the lollipop\" yet again, but Sugar wants him anyway."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "The line \" It's me, Sugar\" took 47 takes to get correct because Monroe kept getting the word order wrong, saying either \"Sugar, it's me\" or"
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Roger Ebert wrote about the movie, \"Wilder's 1959 comedy is one of the enduring treasures of the movies, a film of inspiration and meticulous craft.\" John McCarten of The New Yorker referred to the film as \"a jolly, carefree enterprise\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors",
"text": "The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists: 1998: AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies – #14"
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors",
"text": "2000: AFI's 100 Years...100 Laughs – #1 2005: AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes: Osgood Fielding III: \" Well, nobody's perfect.\" – #48 2007: AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) –"
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "\"Nobody's perfect\" is ranked 78th on The Hollywood Reporter list of Hollywood's 100 Favorite Movie Lines, but it was never supposed to be in the final cut."
},
{
"section_header": "Soundtrack",
"text": "The soundtrack features four songs performed by Marilyn Monroe for the movie, nine songs composed by Adolph Deutsch, as well as 2 songs performed by jazz artist Matty Malneck."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Billy Wilder spoke in 1959 about filming another movie with Monroe: \"I have discussed this with my doctor and my psychiatrist and they tell me I'm too old and too rich to go through this again.\" But Wilder also admitted: \"My Aunt Minnie would always be punctual and never hold up production, but who would pay to see my Aunt Minnie?\" He also stated that Monroe played her part wonderfully."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film is about two musicians who dress in drag in order to escape from mafia gangsters whom they witnessed committing a crime (inspired by the Saint Valentine's Day Massacre)."
}
] |
The movie is about getting away from The Mob.
| 0 | 0 |
Some Like It Hot
|
NOCAT
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Death and Legacy | Excessive spending",
"text": "By the end of his pontificate in 1521 the papal treasury was 400,000 ducats in debt."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and Legacy | Excessive spending",
"text": "Within two years of becoming Pope, Leo X spent all of the treasure amassed by the previous Pope, the frugal Julius II, and drove the Papacy into deep debt."
}
] |
k9BjIFqRRWmmnXcCVvYI
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Death and Legacy | Excessive spending",
"text": "Pope Leo X once said, infamously, \"God has given us the papacy, let us enjoy it.\" Leo was renowned for spending money lavishly on the arts; on charities; on benefices for his friends, relatives, and even people he barely knew; on dynastic wars, such as the War of Urbino; and on his own personal luxury."
},
{
"section_header": "Character, interests and talents | General assessment",
"text": "Leo has been criticized for his handling of the events of the papacy."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He borrowed and spent money without circumspection and was a significant patron of the arts."
},
{
"section_header": "Pope | Plans for a Crusade",
"text": "Other promotions were for political or family considerations or to secure money for the war against Urbino."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was the last pope not to have been in priestly orders at the time of his election to the papacy."
},
{
"section_header": "Pope | Other activities | Canonizations",
"text": "The most notable canonization from his papacy was that of Francis of Paola on 1 May 1519."
},
{
"section_header": "Character, interests and talents | Love of music",
"text": "Large sums of money were also spent on the acquisition of highly ornamented musical instruments, and he was especially assiduous in securing musical scores from Florence."
},
{
"section_header": "Pope | Plans for a Crusade",
"text": "On 3 July 1517 he published the names of thirty-one new cardinals, a number almost unprecedented in the history of the papacy."
},
{
"section_header": "Pope | Plans for a Crusade",
"text": "Papal diplomacy in the interests of peace failed, however; Cardinal Wolsey made England, not the pope, the arbiter between France and the Empire; and much of the money collected for the crusade from tithes and indulgences was spent in other ways."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and Legacy | Excessive spending",
"text": "Within two years of becoming Pope, Leo X spent all of the treasure amassed by the previous Pope, the frugal Julius II, and drove the Papacy into deep debt."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and Legacy | Excessive spending",
"text": "By the end of his pontificate in 1521 the papal treasury was 400,000 ducats in debt."
}
] |
Pope Leo X was bad with money and left the Papacy with a negative balance.
| 0 | 0 |
Pope Leo X
|
Geography
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Economy | Tourism",
"text": "Barcelona was the 20th-most-visited city in the world by international visitors and the fifth most visited city in Europe after London, Paris, Istanbul and Rome, with 5.5 million international visitors in 2011."
}
] |
kAkJCOvOVw9kbTCNdyxV
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Economy | Tourism",
"text": "Barcelona was the 20th-most-visited city in the world by international visitors and the fifth most visited city in Europe after London, Paris, Istanbul and Rome, with 5.5 million international visitors in 2011."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Tourism",
"text": "With its Rambles, Barcelona is ranked the most popular city to visit in Spain."
},
{
"section_header": "Main sights | Museums",
"text": "The FC Barcelona Museum has been the most visited museum in the city of Barcelona, with 1,506,022 visitors in 2013."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Sports",
"text": "The club's museum is the second most visited in Catalonia."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture",
"text": "Barcelona is designated as a world-class city by the Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | General information",
"text": "was the 24th most \"livable city\" in the world in 2015 according to lifestyle magazine Monocle."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Recent history",
"text": "The increased cost of housing has led to a slight decline (−16.6%) in the population over the last two decades of the 20th century as many families move out into the suburbs."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "As a leading world city, Barcelona's influence in global socio-economic affairs qualifies it for global city status."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Sports",
"text": "Barcelona was the host city for the 2013 World Aquatics Championships, which were held at the Palau San Jordi."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Late twentieth century",
"text": "Perhaps more importantly, the outside perception of the city was changed making, by 2012, Barcelona the 12th most popular city destination in the world and the 5th amongst European cities."
}
] |
It was the 20th most visited city in the world.
| 2 | 6 |
Barcelona
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It began as a peaceful rally in support of workers striking for an eight-hour work day, the day after police killed eight workers."
}
] |
kAruNP00JELQ8cYXCpBG
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Background | Rally at Haymarket Square | Bombing and gunfire",
"text": "\"\"Haymarket Affair Hangings\"\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | Rally at Haymarket Square | Bombing and gunfire",
"text": "Fielden insisted that the meeting was peaceful."
},
{
"section_header": "Haymarket memorials",
"text": "On May 4, 1927, the 41st anniversary of the Haymarket affair, a streetcar jumped its tracks and crashed into the monument."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It began as a peaceful rally in support of workers striking for an eight-hour work day, the day after police killed eight workers."
},
{
"section_header": "Effects on the labor movement and May Day",
"text": "The influence of the Haymarket affair was not limited to the celebration of May Day."
},
{
"section_header": "Legal proceedings | Documents",
"text": "An extensive collection of documents relating to the Haymarket Affair and the legal proceedings related to it, The Haymarket Affair Digital Collection, has been created by the Chicago Historical Society"
},
{
"section_header": "Haymarket memorials",
"text": "The Haymarket statue was vandalized with black paint on May 4, 1968, the 82nd anniversary of the Haymarket affair, following a confrontation between police and demonstrators at a protest against the Vietnam War."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although the rally is included in American history textbooks, very few present the event accurately or point out its significance."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | Aftermath and red scare",
"text": "Dozens of suspects, many only remotely related to the Haymarket affair, were arrested."
},
{
"section_header": "Legal proceedings | Defendants",
"text": "Newspaper editor August Spies and Samuel Fielden had spoken at the peaceful rally and were stepping down from the speaker's wagon in compliance with police orders to disperse just before the bomb went off."
}
] |
The Haymarket affair started out as a peaceful rally.
| 0 | 0 |
Haymarket affair
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Anchor tenants",
"text": "Tower One is fully occupied by Petronas and a number of its subsidiaries and associate companies, while the office spaces in Tower Two are mostly available for lease to other companies."
}
] |
kB5EBwF3FgLSXWzI2nN6
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Features | KLCC Park",
"text": "Spanning 17 acres (6.9 ha) below the building is the KLCC Park with jogging and walking paths, a fountain with incorporated light show, wading pools, and a children's playground."
},
{
"section_header": "Anchor tenants",
"text": "Tower One is fully occupied by Petronas and a number of its subsidiaries and associate companies, while the office spaces in Tower Two are mostly available for lease to other companies."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Petronas Towers, also known as the Petronas Twin Towers (Malay: Menara Petronas, or Menara Berkembar Petronas), are twin skyscrapers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "A number of scenes for the 2012 Hong Kong-Chinese action film Viral Factor included shots of the twin towers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Petronas Towers remain the tallest twin towers in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Anchor tenants",
"text": "A number of companies have offices in Tower Two, including SapuraOMV Upstream (Sarawak) Inc., Huawei Technologies, AVEVA, Al Jazeera English, Carigali Hess, Bloomberg, Boeing, IBM, Khazanah National Berhad, McKinsey & Co, WIPRO Limited, TCS, HCL Technologies, Krawler, Microsoft, The Agency (a modelling company) and Reuters."
},
{
"section_header": "History and architecture",
"text": "Planning on the Petronas Towers started on 1 January 1992 and included rigorous tests and simulations of wind and structural loads on the design."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "In the 2002 Hitman 2: Silent Assassin, the Malaysia-based levels Basement Killing, The Graveyard Shift, and The Jacuzzi Job all take place in the Petronas Towers."
},
{
"section_header": "History and architecture",
"text": "Below the twin towers is Suria KLCC, a shopping mall, and Petronas Philharmonic Hall, the home of the Malaysian Philharmonic Orchestra."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Ticketing system",
"text": "Discounted tickets for seniors are available for those 55 years of age and above."
}
] |
The Petronas Twin Towers in Malaysia has some space available to lease to other companies and includes wading pools and a children's playground.
| 0 | 0 |
Petronas Towers
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He died in July 1995. Richard Benjamin Ferrell was born on October 12, 1905 in Durham, North Carolina, to Rufus and Alice, and grew up on a 160-acre dairy farm near Greensboro, North Carolina."
}
] |
kBHt8qjyEmaPxAvcR40e
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Rick attended Guilford College in Greensboro where he played both baseball and basketball."
},
{
"section_header": "Major leagues",
"text": "In June 1937, Ferrell was hitting for a .308 batting average when he was traded to the Washington Senators along with his brother and Mel Almada for pitcher Bobo Newsom and outfielder Ben Chapman."
},
{
"section_header": "Major leagues",
"text": "Rick ended the year with a .297 batting average and led the league's catchers in fielding percentage and in putouts and finished second in assists."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played for 18 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a catcher for the St. Louis Browns, Boston Red Sox, and Washington Senators, from 1929 through 1947."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Wes Ferrell reached the major leagues as a pitcher while another brother, George Ferrell, played as an outfielder in minor league baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career and legacy",
"text": "Ferrell continued as a coach for the Senators in 1948 and 1949."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career and legacy",
"text": "Ferrell remained with the team as a senior member of its front office."
},
{
"section_header": "Major leagues",
"text": "Ferrell retired as a player to become a Senators' coach for the 1946 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Major leagues",
"text": "Ferrell made his major league debut with the Browns on April 19, 1929."
},
{
"section_header": "Major leagues",
"text": "Ferrell was once again traded; this time he returned to the Senators in March 1944."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He died in July 1995. Richard Benjamin Ferrell was born on October 12, 1905 in Durham, North Carolina, to Rufus and Alice, and grew up on a 160-acre dairy farm near Greensboro, North Carolina."
}
] |
Rick Ferrell is from Seattle Washington.
| 0 | 0 |
Rick Ferrell
|
NOCAT
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He is known for instigating the first recorded large-scale mission from Rome, the Gregorian Mission, to convert the then-pagan Anglo-Saxons in England to Christianity."
}
] |
kCTklMWbDf3Ybt7rOyUC
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Pope Gregory Pope Gregory I (Latin: Gregorius I; c. 540 – 12 March 604), commonly known as Saint Gregory the Great, was the bishop of Rome from 3 September 590 to his death."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He is known for instigating the first recorded large-scale mission from Rome, the Gregorian Mission, to convert the then-pagan Anglo-Saxons in England to Christianity."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A Roman senator's son and himself the Prefect of Rome at 30, Gregory tried the monastery but soon returned to active public life, ending his life and the century as pope."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Gregory is also well known for his writings, which were more prolific than those of any of his predecessors as Pope."
},
{
"section_header": "Monastic years",
"text": "Eventually, Pope Pelagius II ordained Gregory a deacon and solicited his help in trying to heal the schism of the Three Chapters in northern Italy."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Secondary literature",
"text": "The Dialogues of Saint Gregory the Great."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Secondary literature",
"text": "Gregory the Great: Ascetic, Pastor, and First Man of Rome."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Translations",
"text": "The Dialogues of Saint Gregory the Great, trans."
},
{
"section_header": "Works | Writings",
"text": "Gregory is the only pope between the fifth and the eleventh centuries whose correspondence and writings have survived enough to form a comprehensive corpus."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The epithet Saint Gregory the Dialogist has been attached to him in Eastern Christianity because of his Dialogues."
}
] |
Pope Gregory I was the first pope to try and convert Muslims to Christianity in the 6th century and later was known as Saint Gregory the Great.
| 0 | 0 |
Pope Gregory I
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "It has gained its name from its association with the Hindu god of the Moon, Chandra."
}
] |
kCoCUOIFviN1xZPqVB0m
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "The Moonstone of the title is a diamond (not to be confused with the semi-precious moonstone gem)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The story was originally serialised in Charles Dickens's magazine All the Year Round."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "It has gained its name from its association with the Hindu god of the Moon, Chandra."
}
] |
The Moonstone's title was inspired from a magazine.
| 0 | 0 |
The Moonstone
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His house did not have electricity, but food was plentiful since his family owned a farm."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His father died of an unknown illness when Marichal was three years old."
}
] |
kDUVYiiuY7aRG709bBVe
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Juan Antonio Marichal Sánchez (born October 20, 1937) (nicknamed The Dominican Dandy) is a Dominican former professional baseball player."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His house did not have electricity, but food was plentiful since his family owned a farm."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "At the time, there were no players from the Dominican Republic in Major League Baseball, and his goal was viewed to be unrealistic."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | No-hitter and All-Star performances",
"text": "He was selected the Most Valuable Player of the 1965 game in Minneapolis, in which he pitched three shutout innings and faced the minimum nine batters, giving up one hit."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His father died of an unknown illness when Marichal was three years old."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Juan Marichal was born on October 20, 1937, in the small farming village of Laguna Verde, Dominican Republic, the youngest of Francisco and Natividad Marichal's four children."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "From the age of six, Marichal aspired to become a professional baseball player, but his mother discouraged this, instead urging him to get an education."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Roseboro incident",
"text": "When Wills came up to bat in the second inning, Marichal threw a pitch directly at Wills, sending him sprawling to the ground."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "In 1999, he ranked #71 on The Sporting News' list of the 100 Greatest Baseball Players, and was a finalist for the Major League Baseball All-Century Team."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "In 2015 the Estadio Quisqueya in his home country was renamed Quisqueya stadium Juan Marichal after him."
}
] |
Dominican baseball player Juan Antonio Marichal Sánchez grew up without a father and in a house with no electricity.
| 0 | 0 |
Juan Marichal
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Culture | Sports",
"text": "The most popular sport in Turkey is association football."
}
] |
kE1891ub3RuqaqlcNvm9
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Culture | Sports",
"text": "The Turkish national football team has won the bronze medal at the 2002 FIFA World Cup, the 2003 FIFA Confederations Cup and UEFA Euro 2008.Other mainstream sports such as basketball and volleyball are also popular."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Sports",
"text": "The most popular sport in Turkey is association football."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Science and technology",
"text": "TÜBA is an autonomous scholarly society acting to promote scientific activities in Turkey."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Republic of Turkey",
"text": "The conflict between Turkey and the PKK (designated a terrorist organisation by Turkey, the United States, the European Union and NATO) has been active since 1984, primarily in the southeast of the country."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Education",
"text": "Turkey is a member of the European Higher Education Area and actively participates in the Bologna Process."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Sports",
"text": "Like the men's team, the women's basketball team is one of the most successful at the Mediterranean Games."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion | Islam",
"text": "The most popular sect is the Hanafi school of Sunni Islam."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Sports",
"text": "Women's volleyball clubs, namely Fenerbahçe, Eczacıbaşı and Vakıfbank, have won numerous European championship titles and medals."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Media and cinema",
"text": "By circulation, the most popular newspapers are Posta, Hürriyet, Sözcü, Sabah and Habertürk."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Sports",
"text": "The men's national basketball team won the silver medal at the 2010 FIBA World Championship and at the EuroBasket 2001, which were both hosted by Turkey; and is one of the most successful at the Mediterranean Games."
}
] |
Football is the most preferred activity in Turkey but basketball and volleyball are also popular.
| 0 | 0 |
Turkey
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Contribution to American Revolution",
"text": "John Adams wrote that the \"foundation of American independence was laid\" on March 5, 1770, and Samuel Adams and other Patriots used annual commemorations (Massacre Day) to encourage public sentiment toward independence."
}
] |
kE20jFHZI1tXYFHgC3kv
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Boston Massacre was a confrontation on March 5, 1770 in which British soldiers shot and killed several people while being harassed by a mob in Boston."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Contribution to American Revolution",
"text": "John Adams wrote that the \"foundation of American independence was laid\" on March 5, 1770, and Samuel Adams and other Patriots used annual commemorations (Massacre Day) to encourage public sentiment toward independence."
},
{
"section_header": "Incident",
"text": "Garrick then started poking Goldfinch in the chest with his finger; White left his post, challenged the boy, and struck him on the side of the head with his musket."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Trials",
"text": "Preston was tried separately in late October 1770."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Trials",
"text": "The trial of the eight soldiers opened on November 27, 1770."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Commemorations",
"text": "In 1888, the Boston Massacre Monument was erected on the Boston Common in memory of the men killed in the massacre, and the five victims were reinterred in a prominent grave in the Granary Burying Ground."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Commemorations",
"text": "The massacre is reenacted annually on March 5 under the auspices of the Bostonian Society."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Commemorations",
"text": "Artwork was produced commemorating the massacre, changing the color of a victim's skin to black to emphasize Attucks' death."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Trials",
"text": "This however is no Reason why the Town should not call the Action of that Night a Massacre, nor is it any Argument in favour of the Governor or Minister, who caused them to be sent here."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Contribution to American Revolution",
"text": "Five years passed between the massacre and outright war, and Neil York suggests that there is only a tenuous connection between the two."
}
] |
The Massacre started in 1770.
| 2 | 3 |
Boston Massacre
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Due to their nearly hopeless situation, and in part because they are trapped in the Dust Bowl, the Joads set out for California along with thousands of other \"Okies\" seeking jobs, land, dignity, and a future."
}
] |
kEAkEEpCiSsuoidc1LK4
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | In music",
"text": "TfM›The song \"Dust Bowl Dance\" on Mumford & Sons' album"
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | In music",
"text": "The song – and to a lesser extent, the other songs on the album – draws comparisons between the Dust Bowl and modern times."
},
{
"section_header": "Development | Title",
"text": "The image invoked by the title serves as a crucial symbol in the development of both the plot and the novel's greater thematic concerns: from the terrible winepress of Dust Bowl oppression will come terrible wrath but also the deliverance of workers through their cooperation."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "In 1999, French newspaper Le Monde of Paris ranked The Grapes of Wrath as seventh on its list of the 100 best books of the 20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | In music",
"text": "Joad – Parts 1 & 2\" – from the album Dust Bowl Ballads (1940), explores the protagonist's life after being paroled from prison."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "In his book The Art of Fiction (1984), John Gardner criticized Steinbeck for not knowing anything about the California ranchers: \"Witness Steinbeck's failure in The Grapes of Wrath."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Tom Joad: The protagonist of the story; the Joad family's second son, named after his father."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "With the winter rains, the Joads' dwelling is flooded and the car disabled, and they move to higher ground."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Due to their nearly hopeless situation, and in part because they are trapped in the Dust Bowl, the Joads set out for California along with thousands of other \"Okies\" seeking jobs, land, dignity, and a future."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Tom finds his family loading their remaining possessions into a Hudson sedan converted into a truck; with their crops destroyed by the Dust Bowl, the family has defaulted on their bank loans, and their farm has been repossessed."
}
] |
The Grapes of Wrath is a book about a family's decision to move from Oklahoma to Oregon because of the Dust Bowl that took over the midwest.
| 0 | 0 |
The Grapes of Wrath
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"holy\") is a hymn of praises about God found in Jewish prayer services."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Kaddish or Qaddish or Qadish (Aramaic: קדיש"
}
] |
kECSYN62zxBs2C5nqNQ9
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History and background",
"text": "\"The Kaddish is in origin a closing doxology to an Aggadic discourse."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"holy\") is a hymn of praises about God found in Jewish prayer services."
},
{
"section_header": "History and background",
"text": "The oldest version of the Kaddish is found in the Siddur of Rab Amram Gaon, c. 900."
},
{
"section_header": "Mourner's Kaddish",
"text": "The Kaddish at the end of the service became designated as Kaddish Yatom or Mourner's Kaddish (literally, \"Orphan's Kaddish\").\" Mourner's Kaddish is said at all prayer services and certain other occasions."
},
{
"section_header": "Mourner's Kaddish",
"text": "The mourner who says the Kaddish will be any person present at a service who has the obligation to recite Kaddish in accordance with these rules."
},
{
"section_header": "Text of the Kaddish",
"text": "The following includes the half, complete, mourner's and rabbi's kaddish."
},
{
"section_header": "Text of the Kaddish",
"text": "The variant lines of the kaddish after a burial or a siyum are given below."
},
{
"section_header": "Mourner's Kaddish",
"text": "Customs for reciting the Mourner's Kaddish vary markedly among various communities."
},
{
"section_header": "Mourner's Kaddish",
"text": "In Sephardi synagogues, the custom is that all the mourners stand and chant the Kaddish together."
},
{
"section_header": "Mourner's Kaddish",
"text": "Other synagogues limit themselves to one Mourner's Kaddish at the end of the service."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Kaddish or Qaddish or Qadish (Aramaic: קדיש"
}
] |
Kaddish is a doxology of eulogizes about Moses found in Islamic invocation.
| 0 | 0 |
Kaddish
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Doby was born in Camden, South Carolina, to David Doby and Etta Brooks."
}
] |
kEabp32ZVDeaSYN2Tzxg
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He worked as a horse groomer and played semi-pro baseball, but drowned in an accident at age 37 in New York state."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Doby was born in Camden, South Carolina, to David Doby and Etta Brooks."
},
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame",
"text": "Doby became the first member born in South Carolina elected to the Hall."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Reflecting on his years growing up in South Carolina, including how he and playmates used worn down broom handles for bats, Doby said, \"Growing up in Camden, we didn't have baseball bats."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A native of Camden, South Carolina and three-sport all-state athlete while in high school in Paterson, New Jersey, Doby accepted a basketball scholarship from Long Island University."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League Baseball career | Integration of American League (1947)",
"text": "Doby entered the game in the seventh inning as a pinch-hitter for relief pitcher Bryan Stephens and recorded a strikeout."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He attended Jackson School, which was segregated under South Carolina state law."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League Baseball career | Cleveland Indians | 1951–1955",
"text": "All-Star at bat, Doby hit a pinch-hit solo home run in the eighth inning to tie the game at 9–9; the AL squad went on to win, 11–9."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy",
"text": "Later, in May 1973, he was inducted into the South Carolina Hall of Fame and in 2010, the New Jersey Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy",
"text": "He asked me how my family was back in the first inning.'\" In 2011, the U.S. Postal Service announced that Doby would be one of the four baseball players (along with Ted Williams, Joe DiMaggio, and Willie Stargell) to appear on a postage stamp in 2012, as part of its \"Major League Baseball All-Stars\" series."
}
] |
Larry Doby was born in Camden, South Carolina, where his father worked as a horse groomer and played semi-pro baseball, but drowned in an accident at age 37.
| 0 | 0 |
Larry Doby
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Old Curiosity Shop is one of two novels (the other being Barnaby Rudge) which Charles Dickens published along with short stories in his weekly serial Master Humphrey's Clock, from 1840 to 1841."
}
] |
kEiUInRWU57bWnjEsFpq
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Characters in The Old Curiosity Shop | Other characters",
"text": "Initially a major character in the novel and highly influential over Richard Swiveller"
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "There were several silent film adaptations of the novel including two directed by Thomas Bentley: The Old Curiosity Shop (1914) The Old Curiosity Shop (1921) Nelly, an opera based on the novel, by Italian composer Lamberto Landi, was composed in 1916; it premiered in Lucca in 1947."
},
{
"section_header": "Framing device",
"text": "Master Humphrey's Clock was a weekly serial that contained both short stories and two novels (The Old Curiosity Shop and Barnaby Rudge)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Old Curiosity Shop is one of two novels (the other being Barnaby Rudge) which Charles Dickens published along with short stories in his weekly serial Master Humphrey's Clock, from 1840 to 1841."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The novel was serialised for television by the BBC in 1962."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters in The Old Curiosity Shop | Major characters",
"text": "He lends money to Nell's grandfather and takes possession of the curiosity shop during the old man's illness (which he had caused by revealing his knowledge of the old man's bad gambling habit)."
},
{
"section_header": "Framing device",
"text": "Some of the short stories act as frame stories to the novels."
},
{
"section_header": "Framing device",
"text": "Most later anthologies published the short stories and the novels separately."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and criticism",
"text": "\"Is Little Nell alive?\" In 2007, many newspapers claimed that the excitement at the release of the last instalment of The Old Curiosity Shop was the only historical comparison that could be made to the excitement at the release of the last Harry Potter novel, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows."
},
{
"section_header": "Framing device",
"text": "Consequently, when the novel begins, it is told in the first person, with Master Humphrey as the narrator."
}
] |
The Old Curiosity Shop is 1 of 3 novels.
| 0 | 2 |
The Old Curiosity Shop
|
Science
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Formation and evolution | Growth",
"text": "Once a black hole has formed, it can continue to grow by absorbing additional matter."
},
{
"section_header": "Formation and evolution | Growth",
"text": "Black holes can also merge with other objects such as stars or even other black holes."
}
] |
kF6aZob6V6EPF0NEx4Zh
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Properties and structure | Event horizon",
"text": "Due to this effect, known as gravitational time dilation, an object falling into a black hole appears to slow as it approaches the event horizon, taking an infinite time to reach it."
},
{
"section_header": "Formation and evolution | Evaporation",
"text": "Since Hawking's publication, many others have verified the result through various approaches."
},
{
"section_header": "Properties and structure | Physical properties",
"text": "While the mass of a black hole can take any positive value, the charge and angular momentum are constrained by the mass."
},
{
"section_header": "History | General relativity",
"text": "But in 1939, Robert Oppenheimer and others predicted that neutron stars above another limit (the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff limit) would collapse further for the reasons presented by Chandrasekhar, and concluded that no law of physics was likely to intervene and stop at least some stars from collapsing to black holes."
},
{
"section_header": "Properties and structure | Singularity",
"text": "For a non-rotating black hole, this region takes the shape of a single point and for a rotating black hole, it is smeared out to form a ring singularity that lies in the plane of rotation."
},
{
"section_header": "Formation and evolution | Evaporation",
"text": "Lower-mass black holes are expected to evaporate even faster; for example, a black hole of mass 1 TeV/c2 would take less than 10−88 seconds to evaporate completely."
},
{
"section_header": "Formation and evolution | Evaporation",
"text": "A black hole with the mass of a car would have a diameter of about 10−24 m and take a nanosecond to evaporate, during which time it would briefly have a luminosity of more than 200 times that of the Sun."
},
{
"section_header": "Observational evidence | Detection of gravitational waves from merging black holes",
"text": "The objects must therefore have been extremely compact, leaving black holes as the most plausible interpretation."
},
{
"section_header": "Formation and evolution | Growth",
"text": "Black holes can also merge with other objects such as stars or even other black holes."
},
{
"section_header": "Properties and structure",
"text": "When an object falls into a black hole, any information about the shape of the object or distribution of charge on it is evenly distributed along the horizon of the black hole, and is lost to outside observers."
},
{
"section_header": "Formation and evolution | Growth",
"text": "Once a black hole has formed, it can continue to grow by absorbing additional matter."
}
] |
A black hole can get bigger by taking in other objects.
| 0 | 2 |
Black hole
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He has two brothers, Barry Voight, a former volcanologist at Pennsylvania State University, and James Wesley Voight, known as Chip Taylor, a singer-songwriter who wrote \"Wild Thing\" and \"Angel of the Morning\"."
}
] |
kFWXazhV01WPpCGV1QCH
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Jon Voight (; born December 29, 1938) is an American actor."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "Jon Voight appears briefly as himself in the episode and bites Kramer on the arm."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "In the Seinfeld episode \"The Mom & Pop Store\", George Costanza buys a 1989 Chrysler LeBaron thinking it was previously owned by Jon Voight, but Jerry points out that Jon Voight must have misspelled his first name with an \"h\" in the owner's manual for this to be true."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1990s",
"text": "Voight made a cameo appearance as himself on the Seinfeld episode \"The Mom & Pop Store\" airing November 17, 1994, in which George Costanza buys a car that appears to be owned by Jon Voight."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1990s",
"text": "The writer came up to me and he said \"Jon, would you come take a look at my car to see if you ever owned it?\", because the writer wrote it from a real experience where someone sold him the car based on the fact that it was my car."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1990s",
"text": "Voight next appeared in Anaconda."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1970s",
"text": "Voight next starred in 1972's Deliverance."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1990s",
"text": "Voight was reunited with director Boorman in 1998's The General."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1990s",
"text": "Voight next appeared in 1999's Varsity Blues."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2000s",
"text": "Voight appeared as Zoolander's coal-miner father."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He has two brothers, Barry Voight, a former volcanologist at Pennsylvania State University, and James Wesley Voight, known as Chip Taylor, a singer-songwriter who wrote \"Wild Thing\" and \"Angel of the Morning\"."
}
] |
Jon Voight has 1 sister.
| 0 | 0 |
Jon Voight
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life | 1653–1674: Early youth and education (Nuremberg, Altdorf, Regensburg)",
"text": "Among his many siblings was an older brother, Johann Matthäus (1644–1710), who served as Kantor in Feuchtwangen, near Nuremberg."
}
] |
kFqpR3PJaK7y5AUufqoS
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Works | Keyboard music",
"text": "Much of Pachelbel's liturgical organ music, particularly the chorale preludes, is relatively simple and written for manuals only: no pedal is required."
},
{
"section_header": "Works | Keyboard music | Toccatas",
"text": "About 20 toccatas by Pachelbel survive, including several brief pieces referred to as toccatinas in the Perreault catalogue."
},
{
"section_header": "Works | Keyboard music | Toccatas",
"text": "They are characterized by consistent use of pedal point: for the most part, Pachelbel's toccatas consist of relatively fast passagework in both hands over sustained pedal notes."
},
{
"section_header": "Works | Keyboard music | Chorale preludes",
"text": "It included, among other types, several chorales written using outdated models."
},
{
"section_header": "Works",
"text": "Several catalogues are used, by Antoine Bouchard Several catalogues are used, by Antoine Bouchard (POP numbers, organ works only), Jean M. Perreault Several catalogues are used, by Antoine Bouchard Several catalogues are used, by Antoine Bouchard (POP numbers, organ works only), Jean M. Perreault (P numbers, currently the most complete catalogue; organized alphabetically), Hideo Tsukamoto (T numbers, L for lost works; organized thematically) and Kathryn Jane Welter (PC numbers)."
},
{
"section_header": "Works | Keyboard music",
"text": "Pachelbel employed white mensural notation when writing out numerous compositions (several chorales, all ricercars, some fantasias); a notational system that uses hollow note heads and omits bar lines (measure delimiters)."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | 1673–1690: Career (Vienna, Eisenach, Erfurt)",
"text": "Several renowned cosmopolitan composers worked there, many of them contributing to the exchange of musical traditions in Europe."
},
{
"section_header": "Works | Keyboard music | Fugues",
"text": "Minor alterations to the subject between the entries are observed in some of the fugues, and simple countersubjects occur several times."
},
{
"section_header": "Posthumous influence",
"text": "In the first half of the 19th century, some organ works by Pachelbel were published and several musicologists started considering him an important composer, particularly Philipp Spitta, who was one of the first researchers to trace Pachelbel's role in the development of Baroque keyboard music."
},
{
"section_header": "Works",
"text": "Several principal sources exist for Pachelbel's music, although none of them as important as, for example, the Oldham manuscript is for Louis Couperin."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | 1653–1674: Early youth and education (Nuremberg, Altdorf, Regensburg)",
"text": "Among his many siblings was an older brother, Johann Matthäus (1644–1710), who served as Kantor in Feuchtwangen, near Nuremberg."
}
] |
Johan Pachelbel had several relatives.
| 0 | 0 |
Johann Pachelbel
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Playing career summary",
"text": "Terry retired with 1120 runs scored, 154 home runs, 1078 runs batted in and a .341 batting average."
}
] |
kGYm5QPkkrbPgDGqmjmG
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Playing career | History in the making",
"text": "He finished first in the National League with a .401 batting average, the first player to hit over .400 since Rogers Hornsby in 1925."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nicknamed \"Memphis Bill\", he is most remembered for being the last National League player to hit .400, a feat he accomplished by batting .401 in 1930."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Career winding down",
"text": "In 1935, Terry again got over 200 hits with 203, and batted .341 while finishing sixth in the Most Valuable Player Award voting, and managed the team to a third-place finish."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Early years",
"text": "Terry spent all of 1917 with Shreveport, with a record of 14–11 and an earned run average of 3.00."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | History in the making",
"text": "Over the next two seasons, Terry continued to produce for the Giants, batting .326 again in 1928 with 101 runs batted in, and then .372"
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career summary",
"text": "Terry retired with 1120 runs scored, 154 home runs, 1078 runs batted in and a .341 batting average."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career summary",
"text": "Over his 14-year career, Terry posted seven seasons with 100 or more runs, six seasons with 100 or more runs batted in, six seasons with at least 200 hits, and nine consecutive seasons batting .320 or higher, from 1927 through 1935; additionally he posted three seasons with at least 20 home runs, including a career high of 28 in 1932."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Early years",
"text": "With Newnan, he had a win-loss record of 7–1, with an 0.60 earned run average) in eight games."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career summary",
"text": "He also currently holds the record for the highest career batting average for a left-handed hitter in the National League at .341."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Starting out in the majors",
"text": "Terry finished the season with one hit in seven at bats in three games."
}
] |
Bill Terry average over .340 in his career hitting.
| 1 | 3 |
Bill Terry
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010–2013: Collaboration with Martin Scorsese",
"text": "To star in this film, DiCaprio agreed to a pay cut from his $20 million fee, in favor of splitting first-dollar gross points, meaning he received a percentage of cinema ticket sales."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010–2013: Collaboration with Martin Scorsese",
"text": "Also in 2010, DiCaprio starred in Christopher Nolan's ensemble science-fiction film Inception."
}
] |
kGlWNf21WhSgOtnGj9ur
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 2014–present: Emphasis on documentaries | Upcoming projects",
"text": "In February 2019, National Geographic ordered a television series adaption of The Right Stuff, based on the 1973 book of the same name, with DiCaprio as executive producer."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2014–present: Emphasis on documentaries | Upcoming projects",
"text": "The studio bought the rights under its deal with DiCaprio's Appian Way, which said that it planned to produce the film with DiCaprio as the star."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010–2013: Collaboration with Martin Scorsese",
"text": "Also in 2010, DiCaprio starred in Christopher Nolan's ensemble science-fiction film Inception."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception and acting style",
"text": "The Hollywood Reporter's Tatiana Siegel credited DiCaprio for being a rare actor to have a successful career \"without ever having made a comic book movie, family film or pre-branded franchise."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2014–present: Emphasis on documentaries | Upcoming projects",
"text": "Later that year, Paramount won a bidding war against Universal Pictures for the rights to adapt Walter Isaacson's biography of Leonardo da Vinci."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and acting background",
"text": "Leonardo Wilhelm DiCaprio was born on November 11, 1974 in Los Angeles, California, the only child of Irmelin (née Indenbirken), a legal secretary, and George DiCaprio, an underground comix writer, publisher, and distributor of comic books."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2002–2009: Move into film production",
"text": "Later that year, DiCaprio reunited with Kate Winslet to film the drama Revolutionary Road (2008), directed by Winslet's then-husband Sam Mendes."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2002–2009: Move into film production",
"text": "Directed by Steven Spielberg, the film was shot across 147 different locations in 52 days, making it \"the most adventurous, super-charged movie-making\" DiCaprio had experienced yet."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2002–2009: Move into film production",
"text": "DiCaprio eventually pitched John Logan's script to Scorsese, who quickly signed on to direct."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2002–2009: Move into film production",
"text": "DiCaprio initially developed the project with Michael Mann, who decided against directing it after working on biopics"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010–2013: Collaboration with Martin Scorsese",
"text": "To star in this film, DiCaprio agreed to a pay cut from his $20 million fee, in favor of splitting first-dollar gross points, meaning he received a percentage of cinema ticket sales."
}
] |
In order to be in a film directed by Christopher Nolan, Leonardo DiCaprio bought the book rights for the film.
| 0 | 0 |
Leonardo DiCaprio
|
Music
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "Goldmark's nephew Rubin Goldmark (1872–1936), a pupil of Dvořák, was also a composer, who spent his career in New York."
}
] |
kHWqwBy46UEt2rwX5q9u
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Karl Goldmark (born Károly Goldmark, Keszthely, May 18, 1830 – Vienna, January 2, 1915) was a Hungarian-born Viennese composer."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "Goldmark's nephew Rubin Goldmark (1872–1936), a pupil of Dvořák, was also a composer, who spent his career in New York."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "His father, Ruben Goldmark, was a chazan (cantor) to the Jewish congregation at Keszthely, Hungary, where Karl was born."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "Goldmark was largely self-taught as a composer, and he supported himself in Vienna playing the violin in theatre orchestras, at the Carlstheater and the privately supported Viennese institution, the Theater in der Josefstadt."
},
{
"section_header": "List of works | Piano works (solo unless indicated)",
"text": "12 12 Hungarian Dances for Piano Duet, Op. 22 (later orchestrated by the composer) Zwei Novelletten, Op. 29"
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Goldmark died in Vienna and is buried in the Zentralfriedhof (Central Cemetery), along with many other notable composers."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "He continued his music studies there and two years later was sent by his father to Vienna, where he was able to study for some eighteen months with Leopold Jansa before his money ran out."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "Karl Goldmark's early training as a violinist was at the musical academy of Sopron (1842–44)."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "39, and the work that first brought Goldmark's name into prominence in the Viennese musical world, the String Quartet in"
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "Karl Goldmark's older brother Joseph became a physician and was later involved in the Revolution of 1848, and forced to emigrate to the United States."
}
] |
Karl Goldmark was a Hungarian born Viennese composer and had a son that was also a composer out of New York.
| 3 | 4 |
Karl Goldmark
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Music",
"text": "The ninth track on Iron Maiden's 15th studio album, The Final Frontier, is entitled \"The Man Who Would Be King\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Music",
"text": "\"The Man Who Would Be King\", a 2004 song written by Pete Doherty and Carl Barât of The Libertines, appears in their self-titled second album."
}
] |
kHZ3rASgsOJWP5ajS9aO
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Music",
"text": "\"The Man Who Would be King\" is a song by Dio on the album Master of the Moon."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Music",
"text": "\"The Man Who Would Be King\", a 2004 song written by Pete Doherty and Carl Barât of The Libertines, appears in their self-titled second album."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Games",
"text": "In the 1990 Star Trek: The Next Generation episode \" Déjà Q\" the omnipotent Q, stripped of his powers and left to live as a mortal human, sarcastically refers to himself as \"The king who would be man.\" Supernatural, season 6, episode 20 is titled \"The Man Who Would Be King.\" In the video game Borderlands 2, one of the main missions is called \"The Man"
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Games",
"text": "In the video game Civilization V, the achievement for completing the game on any difficulty with Alexander the Great is named \"The Man Who Would Be King.\" Gold and Glory: The Road to El Dorado was the video game tie-in, developed by Revolution Software, released on PlayStation, Game Boy Color, and Microsoft Windows."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Music",
"text": "The song has no apparent connection with the novella apart from the title."
},
{
"section_header": "Possible models",
"text": "Suspected of being a Chinese spy, he was beheaded in Kashgar by the amir, Wali Khan."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"The Man Who Would Be King\" (1888) is a story by Rudyard Kipling about two British adventurers in British India who become kings of Kafiristan, a remote part of Afghanistan."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Music",
"text": "The ninth track on Iron Maiden's 15th studio album, The Final Frontier, is entitled \"The Man Who Would Be King\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "The narrator of the story is an Indian journalist in 19th century India—Kipling himself, in all but name."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Literature",
"text": "In H. G. Wells' The Sleeper Awakes (1910), the Sleeper identifies a cylinder (\"a modern substitute for books\") with \"The Man Who Would Be King\" written on the side in mutilated English as \"oi Man huwdbi Kin\"."
}
] |
The Man Who Would Be King has been the name of more than one song.
| 0 | 0 |
The Man Who Would Be King
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Raymond Emmitt Dandridge (August 31, 1913 – February 12, 1994), nicknamed \"Hooks\" and \"Squat\", was an American third baseman in baseball's Negro leagues."
}
] |
kHb7Y6sxtFjK5VWr8Etb
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1999, Dandridge was inducted into the Virginia Sports Hall of Fame and, late in his life, Dandridge was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1987."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Monte Irvin, who played both in the Negro leagues and the major leagues and saw every great fielding third baseman of two generations, said that Dandridge was the greatest of them all, adding that Dandridge almost never committed more than two errors in a season."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1987."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Raymond Emmitt Dandridge (August 31, 1913 – February 12, 1994), nicknamed \"Hooks\" and \"Squat\", was an American third baseman in baseball's Negro leagues."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Though that might have given him the chance to be the first black major league player, Dandridge turned it down because he did not want to move his family from Mexico."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dandridge excelled as a third baseman and he hit for a high batting average."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Although more than capable of playing in the majors, he never got the call to the big leagues, instead spending the last years of his career as the premier player in Triple-A baseball, batting .362"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "By the time that Major League Baseball was racially integrated, Dandridge was considered too old to play."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Because of the \"gentlemen's agreement\" not to allow African Americans in Major League Baseball, Dandridge was dismissed as being too old by the time of integration."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He worked as a major league scout after his playing career ended."
}
] |
Ray Dandridge was a first baseman in the Negro Leagues but never inducted to Cooperstown's Hall of Fame.
| 0 | 0 |
Ray Dandridge
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The airport is the third busiest airport serving New York City, and the twentieth busiest in the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Opening and early years",
"text": "It cost New York City $23 million to turn the tiny North Beach Airport into a 550-acre (220 ha) modern facility."
}
] |
kIonLVAOIu4Vddqh2ERe
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Facilities | Ground transportation",
"text": "On January 20, 2015, New York Governor Andrew Cuomo announced AirTrain LGA, a plan to build a people mover, similar to AirTrain JFK, running along the Grand Central Parkway."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The airport is the third busiest airport serving New York City, and the twentieth busiest in the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "LaGuardia Airport covers 680 acres (280 ha).In 2016, LaGuardia Airport had a strong growth in passenger traffic; about 29.8 million passengers used the airport, a 14.2 percent increase from the previous year."
},
{
"section_header": "Facilities | Other facilities",
"text": "Its LaGuardia Airport Command is located in Building 137."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Opening and early years",
"text": "It cost New York City $23 million to turn the tiny North Beach Airport into a 550-acre (220 ha) modern facility."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "International flights without border preclearance must use the nearby JFK or Newark airports, as there is no border control facility at the airport."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Reconstruction | Planning",
"text": "The project, expected to cost $2.4 billion, will include the demolition of the existing central terminal building and its four concourses, garage, Hangar 1, and frontage roads; building temporary facilities; and designing and building a new central terminal building."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Construction",
"text": "The site of the airport was originally used by the Gala Amusement Park, owned by the Steinway family."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Reconstruction | Reconstruction work",
"text": "On July 27, 2015, Governor Andrew Cuomo, joined by then-Vice President Joe Biden, announced a $4 billion plan to rebuild the terminals as one contiguous building with terminal bridges connecting buildings."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Opening and early years",
"text": "During World War II the airport was used to train aviation technicians and as a logistics field."
}
] |
LaGuardia Airport is one of the top 20 busiest airport in the US and cost over 20 million dollars to build the facilities.
| 0 | 0 |
LaGuardia Airport
|
Popular Culture
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Al Jolson, determined to appear on screen somehow, persuaded the producer to film him instead of Larry Parks for the blackface \"Swanee\" number."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "At a variety show, blackface entertainer Tom Baron passes out drunk, and Al goes on in his place."
}
] |
kJAvFNXvsOfscnpEwiAI
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Jolson Story is a 1946 American Technicolor musical biography film which purports to tell the life story of singer Al Jolson."
},
{
"section_header": "Radio adaptation",
"text": "Lux Radio Theatre presented The Jolson Story on February 16, 1948."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Dockstader realizes that it was really Al who was on stage, and hires him to join his minstrel show."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Steve says that they can work on stage together, which Asa has always wanted - previously he has only stood in the audience."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Al sings many new songs, including his signature tune, \"Mammy\", and he becomes so popular that he becomes the leading player and takes the show on tour."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "On stage, Asa gets bored with singing songs the same way all the time, and begins to improvise, much to Steve Martin's annoyance."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Jolson had a 50% share of the profits."
},
{
"section_header": "Quotations",
"text": "One to a customer.\" (Jolson) \"Broadway?"
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Jolson enjoys his new job, and Dockstader is impressed by his abilities, but Jolson wants to add some new songs to the repertoire."
},
{
"section_header": "Radio adaptation",
"text": "Jolson starred as himself in the one-hour adaptation."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Al Jolson, determined to appear on screen somehow, persuaded the producer to film him instead of Larry Parks for the blackface \"Swanee\" number."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "At a variety show, blackface entertainer Tom Baron passes out drunk, and Al goes on in his place."
}
] |
The Jolson Story included an extremely inappropriate style of stage make-up which would no longer be tolerated by the industry or moviegoers.
| 1 | 3 |
The Jolson Story
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "It was also adapted for the May 3, 1954, broadcast of Lux Radio Theater with Barry Fitzgerald."
}
] |
kJKPTXv2F7Ebwgs18r8S
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Going My Way is a 1944 American musical comedy-drama film directed by Leo McCarey and starring Bing Crosby and Barry Fitzgerald."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Going My Way was the highest-grossing picture of 1944, and was nominated for ten Academy Awards, winning seven, including Best Picture."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Going My Way was adapted as a radio play for the January 8, 1945, broadcast of The Screen Guild Theater starring Bing Crosby, Barry Fitzgerald and Paul Lukas."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards",
"text": "In 2004, Going My Way was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "He sings them the song “Going My Way,” which he wrote on this theme."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "\"Variety liked the film, saying: \"Bing Crosby gets a tailor-made role in Going My Way, and with major assistance from Barry Fitzgerald and Rise Stevens, clicks solidly to provide top-notch entertainment for wide audience appeal."
},
{
"section_header": "Soundtrack",
"text": "\" The Day After Forever\" and \"Going My Way\" also charted briefly."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Going My Way was followed the next year by a sequel, The Bells of St. Mary's."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Jenny visits O’Malley at the church, sees the boys’ choir, and reads the sheet music of “Going My Way.”"
},
{
"section_header": "Soundtrack",
"text": "recorded six of the songs for Decca Records and some of them were issued on a 3-disc 78rpm set titled Selections from Going My Way."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "It was also adapted for the May 3, 1954, broadcast of Lux Radio Theater with Barry Fitzgerald."
}
] |
The 1944 film Going My Way has never been done as a play.
| 0 | 0 |
Going My Way
|
Sports
| 8 |
[
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | San Diego Padres",
"text": "It was also during the 1978 season that Smith introduced a signature move."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | San Diego Padres",
"text": "The couple developed a relationship that was sometimes long-distance in nature, and eventually decided to marry."
}
] |
kJeTIKaI3ST5he6V9vnG
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | San Diego Padres",
"text": "The couple developed a relationship that was sometimes long-distance in nature, and eventually decided to marry."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Osborne Earl \"Ozzie\" Smith (born December 26, 1954) is an American former baseball shortstop who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the San Diego Padres and St. Louis Cardinals from 1978 to 1996."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | St. Louis Cardinals | 1985–1986",
"text": "Smith, who had never hit a home run in his previous 3,009 left-handed major league at-bats, pulled an inside fastball down the right-field line for a walk-off home run, ending Game 5 in a 3–2 Cardinals victory."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | San Diego Padres",
"text": "The parties entered into a contract dispute before the 1980 season, and when negotiations lasted into spring training, the Padres renewed Smith's contract at his 1979 salary of $72,500 Smith's agent told the Padres the shortstop would forgo the season to race in the Tour de France, despite the fact Smith admitted to The Break Room on 96.5 WCMF in Rochester, New York he had never heard of the Tour."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career",
"text": "\"Smith has also been an entrepreneur in a variety of business ventures."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | St. Louis Cardinals | 1982–1984",
"text": "After the World Series championship, Smith and the Cardinals agreed on a new contract in January 1983 that paid Smith $1 million per year."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | St. Louis Cardinals | 1996",
"text": "Instead, Smith and his agent negotiated a compromise with Cardinals management, agreeing to a buyout of special provisions in his contract in conjunction with Smith announcing his retirement."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | San Diego Padres | Trade",
"text": "While the deal for the players beside Templeton and Smith went through, Herzog flew to San Diego to meet with Smith and Gottlieb over the Christmas holiday."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | San Diego Padres",
"text": "Meanwhile, Smith was winning recognition for his accomplishments on the field."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | St. Louis Cardinals | 1982–1984",
"text": "Herzog believed Smith could improve his offensive production by hitting more ground balls, and subsequently created a motivational tool designed to help Smith concentrate on that task."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | San Diego Padres",
"text": "It was also during the 1978 season that Smith introduced a signature move."
}
] |
Ozzie Smith never married.
| 2 | 8 |
Ozzie Smith
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He also founded the Yuan dynasty in China as a conquest dynasty in 1271, and ruled as the first Yuan emperor until his death in 1294."
}
] |
kJs7DnuZp12yD7PSZRgM
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reign | Emperor of the Yuan dynasty",
"text": "In the eighth year of Zhiyuan (1271), Kublai officially created the Yuan dynasty and proclaimed the capital as Dadu (Chinese: 大都; Wade–"
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Emperor of the Yuan dynasty",
"text": "In August 1260, Kublai created the first unified paper currency called Jiaochao; bills were circulated throughout the Yuan domain with no expiration date."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Emperor of the Yuan dynasty",
"text": "An invitation to come back to Qufu was extended to the southern Duke Yansheng Kong Zhu by the Yuan dynasty Emperor Kublai Khan."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Emperor of the Yuan dynasty",
"text": "In 1270, after the Phags pa Lama created the 'Phags-pa script, he was promoted to imperial preceptor."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Emperor of the Yuan dynasty",
"text": "In 1287, Kublai's minister Sangha created a new currency, Zhiyuan Chao, to deal with a budget shortfall."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Great Khan of the Mongols",
"text": "Kublai succeeded in building a powerful empire, created an academy, offices, trade ports and canals and sponsored science and the arts."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Emperor of the Yuan dynasty",
"text": "From that time up until the Yuan dynasty, there were two Duke Yanshengs, once in the north in Qufu and the other in the south at Quzhou."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Great Khan of the Mongols",
"text": "The record of the Mongols lists 20,166 public schools created during Kublai's reign."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Emperor of the Yuan dynasty",
"text": "Kublai Khan is considered to be the first fiat money maker."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Emperor of the Yuan dynasty",
"text": "Kublai Khan considered China his main base, realizing within a decade of his enthronement as Great Khan that he needed to concentrate on governing there."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He also founded the Yuan dynasty in China as a conquest dynasty in 1271, and ruled as the first Yuan emperor until his death in 1294."
}
] |
Kublai Khan did create the Yuan Dynasty.
| 1 | 2 |
Kublai Khan
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Editorial history | Publication in English",
"text": "As well, Judith Jones, while working for the publisher Doubleday, read and recommended the Diary, pulling it out of the rejection pile."
}
] |
kK27iDepQrriw7GErZtm
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Editorial history | Censored material",
"text": "In May 2018, Frank van Vree, the director of the Niod Institute along with others, discovered some unseen excerpts from the diary that Anne had previously covered up with a piece of brown paper."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "During the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands, Anne Frank received a blank diary as one of her presents on 12 June 1942, her 13th birthday."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "According to the Anne Frank House, the red, checkered autograph book which Anne used as her diary was actually not a surprise, since she had chosen it the day before with her father when browsing a bookstore near her home."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dagboekbrieven 14 Juni 1942 – 1 Augustus 1944 (The Annex: Diary Notes 14 June 1942 – 1 August 1944) by Contact Publishing in Amsterdam in 1947, the diary received widespread critical and popular attention on the appearance of its English language translation Anne Frank: The Diary of a Young Girl by Doubleday & Company (United States) and Vallentine Mitchell (United Kingdom) in 1952."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "Anne had expressed the desire in the rewritten introduction of her diary for one person that she could call her truest friend, that is, a person to whom she could confide her deepest thoughts and feelings."
},
{
"section_header": "Editorial history | Censored material",
"text": "Cornelis Suijk—a former director of the Anne Frank Foundation and president of the U.S. Center for Holocaust Education Foundation—announced in 1999 that he was in the possession of five pages that had been removed by Otto Frank from the diary prior to publication; Suijk claimed that Otto Frank gave these pages to him shortly before his death in 1980."
},
{
"section_header": "Authenticity",
"text": "The survey of her manuscripts compared an unabridged transcription of Anne Frank's original notebooks with the entries she expanded and clarified on loose paper in a rewritten form and the final edit as it was prepared for the English translation."
},
{
"section_header": "Copyright and ownership of the originals | Anne Frank Fonds",
"text": "The copyright however belongs to the Anne Frank Fonds, a Switzerland-based foundation of Basel which was the sole inheritor of Frank after his death in 1980."
},
{
"section_header": "Editorial history",
"text": "There are two versions of the diary written by Anne Frank."
},
{
"section_header": "Authenticity",
"text": "In 1986, the results were published: The handwriting attributed to Anne Frank was positively matched with contemporary samples of Anne Frank's handwriting, and the paper, ink, and glue found in the diaries and loose papers were consistent with materials available in Amsterdam during the period in which the diary was written."
},
{
"section_header": "Editorial history | Publication in English",
"text": "As well, Judith Jones, while working for the publisher Doubleday, read and recommended the Diary, pulling it out of the rejection pile."
}
] |
Multiple publishing companies pass on The Diary of Anne Frank before it was finally picked up.
| 3 | 4 |
The Diary of Anne Frank
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Lena Marquard died of an abdominal infection in 1899 and Rube's grandmother took responsibility for raising him."
}
] |
kLCdCnjGqmttvLWWT337
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Richard William \"Rube\" Marquard (October 9, 1886 – June 1, 1980) was an American left-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball in the 1910s and early 1920s."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "As he told it in The Glory of Their Times, a writer in his minor league days compared him favorably with Rube Waddell, and very soon Marquard was being called \"Rube\" also."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "The New York Giants purchased Marquard for $11,000 – a then unheard-of sum to pay for a baseball player's contract – and his lack of success early in his major league career led to his being tagged \"the $11,000 lemon\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Bill James described Marquard as \"probably the worst starting pitcher in the Hall of Fame.\" Marquard had been interviewed for the popular baseball book, The Glory of Their Times, in the early 1960s, and his chapter is thought to be one of the primary reasons for his election."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "His 1,593 strikeouts ranked third in major league history among left-handers at the time (behind Rube Waddell and Eddie Plank), and stood as the National League record for southpaws until his total was surpassed by Carl Hubbell, another New York Giant, in 1942."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Rube Marquard was born in Cleveland, Ohio to German immigrant Fred Marquard and Lena Heiser Marquard."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "He started his minor league baseball career in 1906."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "In 1908, he went 28–19 with a 1.69 ERA and led the American Association in wins."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Though pitching for a poor team that had a 1–15 win-loss record at one point, Marquard attracted attention as a top pitcher."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Upon being told by a friend that opals were a jinx, he threw the pin into a river; but apparently the curse had already done its work, as he lost his next decision."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Lena Marquard died of an abdominal infection in 1899 and Rube's grandmother took responsibility for raising him."
}
] |
The left-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball, Rube Marquard, lost both of his parents, causing him to grow up with a close American relative.
| 0 | 0 |
Rube Marquard
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "ˈhɪndn̩bʊɐ̯k] (listen); 2 October 1847 – 2 August 1934), was a German general and statesman who led the Imperial German Army during World War I and later became President of Germany from 1925 until his death during the Weimar Republic."
}
] |
kLjrPBACg4AZts4Cf2Xk
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Paul Ludwig Paul Ludwig Hans Anton von Beneckendorff"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Paul Ludwig Paul Ludwig Hans Anton von Beneckendorff"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "und von Hindenburg (listen), known simply as Paul von Hindenburg (German: [ˈpaʊl fɔn"
},
{
"section_header": "Second presidency",
"text": "The president was delighted to find that eight members of the new cabinet had served as officers during the war."
},
{
"section_header": "World War I | Military reputation",
"text": "He failed to win because once through they were too slow—legs could not move quite fast enough. (With engines, German movement overwhelmed western Europe in World War II.) Surprisingly, Hindenburg has undergone a historical metamorphosis: his teaching of tactics and years on the General Staff forgotten while he is remembered as a commander as an appendage to Ludendorff's genius."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Analysis of Political Career & Cultural Impact",
"text": "After overseeing Germany's crushing victory at Tannenberg, Paul von Hindenburg became the center of a massive personality cult that persisted throughout his life."
},
{
"section_header": "World War I | Military reputation",
"text": "These distortions stemmed from Ludendorff, who strutted in the limelight during the war and immediately thereafter wrote his comprehensive memoir with himself center stage."
},
{
"section_header": "Hitler becomes chancellor",
"text": "The socialists served in the trenches and will serve in the trenches again."
},
{
"section_header": "Parliamentary governments",
"text": "To counter these attacks the Reichswehr relied on Colonel Kurt von Schleicher, who had served with Oskar in the Third Guards and was often a guest at the Palace."
},
{
"section_header": "World War I | Military reputation",
"text": "Churchill led the way: later he is Parkinson's “beloved figurehead”, while to Stallings he is \"an old military booby.”"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "ˈhɪndn̩bʊɐ̯k] (listen); 2 October 1847 – 2 August 1934), was a German general and statesman who led the Imperial German Army during World War I and later became President of Germany from 1925 until his death during the Weimar Republic."
}
] |
Paul von Hindenburg served in the military during World War II.
| 0 | 0 |
Paul von Hindenburg
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and background",
"text": "He is the son of Mayme Edna (née Revere; 1912–2000), a teacher, and Morgan Porterfield Freeman (July 6, 1915 – April 27, 1961), a barber, who died of cirrhosis in 1961."
}
] |
kLwYS2Nk7NjG2RMCILwa
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Environmental and political activism",
"text": "In reaction to the death of Freddie Gray and the 2015 Baltimore protests, Freeman said he was \"absolutely\" supportive of the protesters."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2014–present",
"text": "The Story of God with Morgan Freeman and The Story of Us with Morgan Freeman, in 2016 and 2017, respectively."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He has been an advocate of environmental causes, and has narrated short films for global organizations such as the United Nations."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2014–present",
"text": "Everybody behaves better when Morgan is there [...]"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Freeman hosted and narrated National Geographic's The Story of God with Morgan Freeman and The Story of Us with Morgan Freeman, in 2016 and 2017, respectively."
},
{
"section_header": "Filmography and theatre credits",
"text": "His television projects include The Long Way Home (1997), March of the Penguins (2005), The Story of God with Morgan Freeman (2016), and The Story of Us with Morgan Freeman (2017)."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1997–2004: Professional expansion, thrillers and awards success",
"text": "The story depicts humanity's attempt to destroy a 7-mile (11 km) wide comet set to collide with Earth and cause a mass extinction."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and background",
"text": "Morgan Freeman was born on June 1, 1937 in Memphis, Tennessee."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Morgan Freeman (born June 1, 1937) is an American actor, director and narrator."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Environmental and political activism",
"text": "In an interview on CNN's Piers Morgan Tonight, Freeman drew controversy when he accused the Tea Party movement of racism."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and background",
"text": "He is the son of Mayme Edna (née Revere; 1912–2000), a teacher, and Morgan Porterfield Freeman (July 6, 1915 – April 27, 1961), a barber, who died of cirrhosis in 1961."
}
] |
Morgan Freeman's brother's death was caused by a disease of the liver.
| 0 | 0 |
Morgan Freeman
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel is a dark comedy which follows the trip of protagonist Lewis Lambert Strether to Europe in pursuit of Chad Newsome, his widowed fiancée's supposedly wayward son; he is to bring the young man back to the family business, but he encounters unexpected complications."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The third-person narrative is told exclusively from Strether's point of view."
}
] |
kM4K1SpWfXK0f4JaMmzo
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and criticism",
"text": "In the New York Edition preface Henry James proclaimed The Ambassadors as the best of his novels."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Ambassadors is a 1903 novel by Henry James, originally published as a serial in the North American Review (NAR)."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and influences | Literature",
"text": "The inspiration is acknowledged in the novel with an explicit mention of James' The Ambassadors."
},
{
"section_header": "Publishing history",
"text": "The novel was written between October 1900 and July 1901, before The Wings of the Dove (1902), yet he did not immediately find a publisher."
},
{
"section_header": "Major themes",
"text": "Henry James got the central idea for The Ambassadors from an anecdote about his friend and fellow-novelist William Dean Howells, who, whilst visiting his son in Paris, was so impressed with the amenities of European culture that he wondered aloud if life hadn't passed him by."
},
{
"section_header": "Publishing history",
"text": "The publishing history of The Ambassadors is complex, even for a work by James."
},
{
"section_header": "Major themes",
"text": "Mediation/Intermediation: a major theme of the novel involves Strether's position as an ambassador."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and influences | Literature",
"text": "Cynthia Ozick's novel, Foreign Bodies (2010), tells the story of The Ambassadors with a woman as the protagonist."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and criticism",
"text": "In 1998, the Modern Library ranked The Ambassadors 27th on its list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Major themes",
"text": "The theme of liberation from a cramped, almost starved, emotional life into a more generous and gracious existence plays throughout The Ambassadors, yet it is noteworthy that James does not naïvely portray Paris as a faultless paradise for culturally stunted Americans."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel is a dark comedy which follows the trip of protagonist Lewis Lambert Strether to Europe in pursuit of Chad Newsome, his widowed fiancée's supposedly wayward son; he is to bring the young man back to the family business, but he encounters unexpected complications."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The third-person narrative is told exclusively from Strether's point of view."
}
] |
The Ambassadors is a novel by Henry James that is written from antagonists perspective.
| 0 | 0 |
The Ambassadors
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He led many successful campaigns during the French Revolutionary Wars and was Emperor of the French as Napoleon I from 1804 until 1814 and again briefly in 1815 during the Hundred Days."
}
] |
kMd5bkYbs5QNh8WUbQuI
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"Le Corse\" (The Corsican) or \"Le Petit Caporal\" (The Little Corporal), was a French statesman and military leader who became notorious as an artillery commander during the French Revolution."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He led many successful campaigns during the French Revolutionary Wars and was Emperor of the French as Napoleon I from 1804 until 1814 and again briefly in 1815 during the Hundred Days."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Napoleon's ambition and public approval inspired him to go further, and he became the first Emperor of the French in 1804."
},
{
"section_header": "Ruler of France | French Consulate | Temporary peace in Europe",
"text": "In the process, Dessalines became arguably the most successful military commander in the struggle against Napoleonic France."
},
{
"section_header": "Ruler of France | French Empire | War of the Fifth Coalition and Marie Louise",
"text": "In the ensuing Battle of Wagram, which also lasted two days, Napoleon commanded his forces in what was the largest battle of his career up until then."
},
{
"section_header": "Early career",
"text": "He served in Valence and Auxonne until after the outbreak of the Revolution in 1789."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was serving as an artillery officer in the French Royal Army when the French Revolution erupted in 1789."
},
{
"section_header": "Religion",
"text": "Napoleon was crowned Emperor on 2 December 1804 at Notre-Dame de Paris in a ceremony presided over by Pope Pius VII."
},
{
"section_header": "Early career | First Italian campaign",
"text": "During the campaign, Bonaparte became increasingly influential in French politics."
},
{
"section_header": "Ruler of France | French Empire | War of the Third Coalition",
"text": "In December 1804, an Anglo-Swedish agreement became the first step towards the creation of the Third Coalition."
}
] |
Napoleon became notorious as an artillery commander during the French Revolution and was Emperor of the French as Napoleon I from 1804 until 1824.
| 0 | 0 |
Napoleon
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Allegations of child pornography and abuse",
"text": "In 1998, Kelly paid Tiffany Hawkins $250,000 after she claimed Kelly had induced her to have group sex with other teenage girls when she was 15 years old."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Alleged sex cult",
"text": "Jim DeRogatis reported for BuzzFeed News on July 17, 2017, that Kelly was accused by three sets of parents of holding their daughters in an \"abusive cult\"."
}
] |
kNIZxJiZkmkU6U9N6xhe
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Allegations of music industry complicity",
"text": "Jive president Barry Weiss told the newspaper that during 20 years with the label he never concerned himself with Kelly's private life and was unaware of two lawsuits filed against Kelly and the label by women alleging sexual misconduct, suits in which the label had successfully argued it was not liable."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Alleged sex cult",
"text": "Kelly and the alleged victims deny the allegations."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Alleged sex cult",
"text": "In March 2018, BBC World Service aired a documentary entitled R Kelly: Sex, Girls and Videotape presented by reporter Ben Zand that explored the 2017 allegations."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Explaining why he never told anyone, Kelly wrote in his 2012 autobiography Soulacoaster that he was \"too afraid and too ashamed\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Alleged sex cult",
"text": "A representative for Kelly stated that he \"categorically denies all claims and allegations\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Surviving R. Kelly",
"text": "The second season titled Surviving R. Kelly Part II: The Reckoning premiered on January 2, 2020."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2006–2008: Double Up, Studio work and \"I Believe\"",
"text": "\"I'm a Beast\" in which he coarsely attacked his detractors, though Kelly himself never mentioned by name the subjects for the song."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Musical response to allegations",
"text": "Addressing the Mute R. Kelly social media campaign, Kelly sings, \"only God can mute me\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Surviving R. Kelly",
"text": "In January 2019, Lifetime began airing a six-part documentary series detailing sexual abuse and misconduct allegations against Kelly."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Musical response to allegations",
"text": "\"I admit it, I did it\". In \"I Admit\", Kelly denies allegations of domestic violence and pedophilia, asserting that they are matters of opinion."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Allegations of child pornography and abuse",
"text": "In 1998, Kelly paid Tiffany Hawkins $250,000 after she claimed Kelly had induced her to have group sex with other teenage girls when she was 15 years old."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Alleged sex cult",
"text": "Jim DeRogatis reported for BuzzFeed News on July 17, 2017, that Kelly was accused by three sets of parents of holding their daughters in an \"abusive cult\"."
}
] |
R. Kelly has never had any controversial allegations whatsoever.
| 0 | 0 |
R. Kelly
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Diamond has been married three times."
}
] |
kOPzncSwWlYKAlFxdWql
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010s",
"text": "The years 2011 and 2012 were marked by several milestones in Diamond's career."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "There he first met Jaye Posner, who would years later become his wife."
},
{
"section_header": "In pop culture",
"text": "Though Sardina had died in 2006, Diamond invited his widow and her family to be his front-row guests at his show in Milwaukee, where he told them he was moved by the film."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010s",
"text": "On August 10, 2012, Diamond received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1990s",
"text": "The song also came to be played during the 8th inning of every New York Mets home game."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "\" The couple married in front of family and close friends in Los Angeles in 2012."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010s",
"text": "On April 20, 2013, Diamond made an unannounced appearance at Fenway Park to sing \"Sweet Caroline\" during the 8th inning."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010s",
"text": "In November 2012, he topped the bill at the centenary edition of the Royal Variety Performance in the UK, which was transmitted on December 3."
},
{
"section_header": "In pop culture",
"text": "Kohs, a director from Philadelphia, had met a popular Milwaukee, Wisconsin, duo, Lightning & Thunder, composed of Mike Sardina, who did a Diamond impersonation, and his wife Claire."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2000s",
"text": "The announcement, which marked the first official confirmation of any 2008 concert dates in the US, came during the traditional eighth-inning singalong of \"Sweet Caroline\", which had by that time become an anthem for Boston fans."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Diamond has been married three times."
}
] |
Diamond's only wife died in 2012.
| 0 | 0 |
Neil Diamond
|
History
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Occupation, looting, and atrocities",
"text": "French troops ravaged the countryside around Beijing on behalf of Chinese Catholics."
}
] |
kOrY3ZpxOAkpMU2zcngh
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Boxer Rebellion (拳亂), Boxer Uprising, or Yihetuan Movement (義和團運動) was an anti-imperialist, anti-foreign, and anti-Christian uprising in China between 1899 and 1901, toward the end of the Qing dynasty."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Occupation, looting, and atrocities",
"text": "French troops ravaged the countryside around Beijing on behalf of Chinese Catholics."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical background | Causes of conflict and unrest",
"text": "In 1899, the French minister in Beijing helped the missionaries to obtain an edict granting official status to every order in the Roman Catholic hierarchy, enabling local priests to support their people in legal or family disputes and bypass the local officials."
},
{
"section_header": "Boxer War | Intensifying crisis",
"text": "The Caliph agreed to the Kaiser's request and sent Enver Pasha (not to be confused with the future Young Turk leader) to China in 1901, but the rebellion was over by that time."
},
{
"section_header": "Long-term consequences",
"text": "The European great powers finally ceased their ambitions of colonizing China having learned from the Boxer rebellions that the best way to deal with China was through the ruling dynasty, rather than directly with the Chinese people (a sentiment embodied in the adage: \"The people are afraid of officials, the officials are afraid of foreigners, and the foreigners are afraid of the people\") (老百姓怕官，官怕洋鬼子，洋鬼子怕老百姓), and even briefly assisted the Qing in their war against the Japanese to prevent a Japanese domination in the region."
},
{
"section_header": "Boxer War | Siege of the Beijing legations",
"text": "The Chinese detonated a mine beneath the French Legation pushing the French and Austrians out of most of the French Legation."
},
{
"section_header": "Terminology",
"text": "The Allies took advantage of the fact that China had not signed \"The Laws and Customs of War on Land\", a key document at the 1899 Hague Peace Conference."
},
{
"section_header": "Boxer War | Gaselee Expedition",
"text": "In the U.S. military, the action in the Boxer Rebellion was known as the China Relief Expedition."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Reparations",
"text": "China paid 668,661,220 taels of silver from 1901 to 1939, equivalent in 2010 to ≈US$61 billion on a purchasing power parity basis."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Reparations",
"text": "On 7 September 1901, the Qing imperial court agreed to sign the \"Boxer Protocol\" also known as Peace Agreement between the Eight-Nation Alliance and China."
}
] |
In the Boxer Rebellion from 1899 to 1901 in China, French people attacked the countryside.
| 1 | 3 |
Boxer Rebellion
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Volpone (Italian for \"sly fox\") is a comedy play by English playwright Ben Jonson first produced in 1605–1606, drawing on elements of city comedy and beast fable."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A merciless satire of greed and lust, it remains Jonson's most-performed play, and it is ranked among the finest Jacobean era comedies."
}
] |
kPKBWaEHgz0pEkwQ92LM
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "In their turns, each man arrives to Volpone's house bearing a luxurious gift, intent upon having his name inscribed to the will of Volpone, as his heir."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "Despite Volpone's pleas, Mosca refuses to relinquish his new role as a rich man."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "Mosca (The Fly), Volpone's parasite servant, encourages each man, Voltore, Corbaccio, and Corvino, to believe that he has been named heir to Volpone's fortune; in the course of which, Mosca persuades Corbaccio to disinherit his own son in favour of Volpone."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Nano – a dwarf, companion of Volpone Androgyno – a hermaphrodite, companion of Volpone Castrone – a eunuch, companion of Volpone"
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Volpone was played by Tamás Major."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "Believing that Volpone has been rendered impotent by his illness, Corvino offers his wife in order that, when he is revived, Volpone will recognise Corvino as his sole heir."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "To Volpone, Mosca mentions that Corvino has a beautiful wife, Celia."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "Disguised as Scoto the Mountebank, Volpone goes to see Celia."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions",
"text": "At the same theatre in 1955, Eric Porter played Volpone."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "This version was used by George Antheil in his 1953 opera Volpone."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Volpone (Italian for \"sly fox\") is a comedy play by English playwright Ben Jonson first produced in 1605–1606, drawing on elements of city comedy and beast fable."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A merciless satire of greed and lust, it remains Jonson's most-performed play, and it is ranked among the finest Jacobean era comedies."
}
] |
Volpone is a tragedy about a blind man who helps a girl in his town find her freedom.
| 0 | 0 |
Volpone
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Bacchae (; Greek: Βάκχαι, Bakchai; also known as The Bacchantes ) is an ancient Greek tragedy, written by the Athenian playwright Euripides during his final years in Macedonia, at the court of Archelaus I of Macedon."
}
] |
kPqsa8G5gbJeJjB9o7Iz
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It premiered posthumously at the Theatre of Dionysus in 405 BC as part of a tetralogy that also included Iphigeneia at Aulis and Alcmaeon in Corinth, and which Euripides' son or nephew is assumed to have directed."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Bacchae (; Greek: Βάκχαι, Bakchai; also known as The Bacchantes ) is an ancient Greek tragedy, written by the Athenian playwright Euripides during his final years in Macedonia, at the court of Archelaus I of Macedon."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Bacchae is considered to be not only one of Euripides's greatest tragedies, but also one of the greatest ever written, modern or ancient."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern productions | Operatic versions",
"text": "The Libretto was in ancient Greek."
},
{
"section_header": "Influences",
"text": "The Bacchae had an enormous impact on ancient literature, and its influence can be seen in numerous Greek and Roman authors."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism",
"text": "in The Cambridge Companion to Greek Tragedy."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern productions | Dramatic versions",
"text": "In 2008, James Thomas directed Peter Arnott's faithful and audience-friendly translation of The Bacchae as part of MacMillan Films series on Greek drama."
},
{
"section_header": "Religious significance",
"text": "The ancient Greek concept of religion was very different from the concept as it is generally known today."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern productions | Dramatic versions",
"text": "In 2020, the Classics department of King's College London performed a version of The Bacchae in its original ancient Greek in combination with Aristophanes' The Frogs, created by David Bullen and entitled Dionysus in the Underworld for their annual Greek play, which is the only production of Greek drama in the UK staged annually in the original language."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The tragedy is based on the Greek myth of King Pentheus of Thebes and his mother Agave, and their punishment by the god Dionysus (who is Pentheus's cousin)."
}
] |
Bacchae is an ancient Greek tragedy, and appeared as part of a tetralogy in 405 AD
| 0 | 0 |
Bacchae
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Leaves of Grass is a poetry collection by the American poet Walt Whitman (1819–1892)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although the first edition was published in 1855, Whitman spent most of his professional life writing and re-writing Leaves of Grass, revising it multiple times until his death."
}
] |
kQ6U0k0r7UzSnSs1iaHC
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Nevertheless, Whitman has been criticized for the nationalism expressed in Leaves of Grass and other works."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history and origin | Initial publication",
"text": "\" Grass\" was a term given by publishers to works of minor value, and \"leaves\" is another name for the pages on which they were printed."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history and origin | Initial publication",
"text": "Whitman, reading the essay, consciously set out to answer Emerson's call as he began working on the first edition of Leaves of Grass."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical response and controversy",
"text": "Critic William Michael Rossetti considered Leaves of Grass a classic along the lines of the works of William Shakespeare and Dante Alighieri."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history and origin | Republications",
"text": "The 1867 edition was intended to be, according to Whitman, \"a new & much better edition of Leaves of Grass complete — that unkillable work!\" He assumed it would be the final edition."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history and origin | Initial publication",
"text": "The title Leaves of Grass was a pun."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history and origin | Sections",
"text": "By its later editions, Leaves of Grass had grown to fourteen sections."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "Whitman was a believer in phrenology (in the 1855 preface to Leaves of Grass"
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "My Captain!\" from Leaves of Grass, along with other references to Whitman himself."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "Leaves of Grass appears in John Green's novel Paper Towns."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Leaves of Grass is a poetry collection by the American poet Walt Whitman (1819–1892)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although the first edition was published in 1855, Whitman spent most of his professional life writing and re-writing Leaves of Grass, revising it multiple times until his death."
}
] |
Leaves of Grass is an omnibus of Ernest Hemingway's works.
| 0 | 0 |
Leaves of Grass
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "O'Day made his major league debut on May 2, 1884, and served as the team's second pitcher behind Tony Mullane."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "O'Day became an umpiring scout after he retired from active umpiring in 1927."
}
] |
kQfptHUByKGwgyb77q0l
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "At various points throughout his career, O'Day played all nine positions."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "O'Day became an umpiring scout after he retired from active umpiring in 1927."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "In addition to pitching, O'Day appeared in 23 games as a position player that season, primarily in left field; he also made appearances at the other outfield positions, as well as at first base and third base."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Henry Martin Francis O'Day (July 8, 1859 – July 2, 1935), nicknamed \"The Reverend\", was an American right-handed pitcher and later an umpire and manager in Major League Baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "O'Day then went on to win his next nine starts to finish the year with a 9-1 record for the Giants."
},
{
"section_header": "Umpiring career",
"text": "He was rumored to be seeking an umpiring position in the Tri-State League, but he returned to the field for National League games by August 10."
},
{
"section_header": "Return to umpiring",
"text": "In The National League Story (1961), Lee Allen described O'Day as \"a crusty old pitcher who had umpired in the league as early as 1888 and had the scars to prove it.\" O'Day maintained an intensely private life."
},
{
"section_header": "Umpiring career",
"text": "Giants pitcher Joe McGinnity and Pirates catcher Heinie Peitz during a game."
},
{
"section_header": "Managerial career",
"text": "At that time, he said that he liked umpiring and that he was unsure whether he would accept a managing position even if an offer came to him."
},
{
"section_header": "Umpiring career",
"text": "While attending a Chicago baseball game as a spectator one Sunday in 1894, O'Day was recruited from the stands to substitute for umpire Thomas Lynch, who was unable to make it to the game due to a train service cancellation."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "O'Day made his major league debut on May 2, 1884, and served as the team's second pitcher behind Tony Mullane."
}
] |
Baseball player Hank O'Day was an umpire scout too after careers as an umpire and a pitcher along with all nine positions.
| 0 | 0 |
Hank O'Day
|
Literature
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Reception",
"text": "The Rivals was first performed at Covent Garden, London, on 17 January 1775, with comedian Mary Bulkley as Julia Melville."
}
] |
kQjHbHpYVajD1oTNBfRU
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Production",
"text": "The Rivals was Sheridan's first play."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Reception",
"text": "The Rivals was first performed at Covent Garden, London, on 17 January 1775, with comedian Mary Bulkley as Julia Melville."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Production",
"text": "In a short time, however, he completed The Rivals."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Reception",
"text": "She was first played by Jane Green."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Rivals is a comedy of manners by Richard Brinsley Sheridan in five acts which was first performed at Covent Garden Theatre on 17 January 1775."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Production",
"text": "Finally, in need of funds, Richard turned to the only craft that could gain him the remuneration he desired in a short time: he began writing a play."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Lucy, Lydia's conniving maid The play is set in 18th-century Bath, a town that was legendary for conspicuous consumption and fashion at the time."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Production",
"text": "At the time, he was a young newlywed living in Bath."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Jack Absolute Flies Again (forthcoming play)",
"text": "Again was due to premiere at the National Theatre, London in April 2020, however due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic the production has been postponed."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "They will meet at the same time as Acres is scheduled to fight \"Beverley\"."
}
] |
The Rivals was played in London for the first time.
| 3 | 6 |
The Rivals
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film was controversial when it was first released, but successful at the box office, and it made Stewart a major star."
}
] |
kQpekW1itZZUmx32XYjc
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "\"Mr. Bill Goes to Washington\", a spoof of Mr. Smith Goes to Washington."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mr. Smith Goes to Washington is a 1939 American political comedy-drama film directed by Frank Capra, starring Jean Arthur and James Stewart, and featuring Claude Rains and Edward Arnold."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "The Simpsons: The third season episode \" Mr. Lisa Goes to Washington\" is inspired by, and contains several references to Mr. Smith Goes to Washington."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "\"Mr. Benny Goes to Washington\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The governor's children want him to select Jefferson Smith (James Stewart), the head of the Boy Rangers."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "The fourteenth season episode \" Mr. Spritz Goes to Washington\" is also inspired by this film."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors | Academy Awards",
"text": "Mr. Smith Goes to Washington was nominated for 11 Academy Awards, but won only one."
},
{
"section_header": "Remakes",
"text": "In 1949, Columbia planned, but never actually produced, a sequel to Mr. Smith Goes to Washington, called Mr. Smith Starts a Riot."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "The eleventh season premiere \"Beyond Blunderdome\" includes a parodistic, fake remake of Mr. Smith Goes to Washington, authored by a fictional Mel Gibson (voiced by himself) with Homer Simpson's help."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "The short-lived NBC political drama Mister Sterling (2003) was described as \"a Mr. Smith Goes to Washington for the 21st century\", with the show centering on an idealistic young senator from California, coming to grips with Washington and appointed by a scheming, underhanded governor."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film was controversial when it was first released, but successful at the box office, and it made Stewart a major star."
}
] |
Mr. Smith Goes to Washington failed at the boxoffice causing James Stewart to lose a lot of his popularity.
| 0 | 0 |
Mr. Smith Goes to Washington
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Origin and publication history",
"text": "The title refers to the rabbits' destination, Watership Down, a hill in the north of Hampshire, England, near the area where Adams grew up."
}
] |
kRC88tYFTleDrbto5gCd
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Watership Down was Richard Adams' debut novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Criticism of gender roles",
"text": "Adams' 1996 sequel, Tales from Watership Down includes stories where the female rabbits play a more prominent role in the Watership Down warren."
},
{
"section_header": "Origin and publication history",
"text": "\" Adams wrote that it was Collings who gave Watership Down its title."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Adams completed a sequel almost 25 years later, in 1996, Tales from Watership Down, constructed as a collection of 19 short stories about El-ahrairah and the rabbits of the Watership Down warren."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary | Part 3",
"text": "Once they are at Watership Down, the Efrafan escapees start their new life of freedom."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Theatre",
"text": "In 2006, Watership Down was again adapted for the stage, this time by Rona Munro."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Theatre",
"text": "\"In 2011, Watership Down was adapted for the Lifeline Theatre in Chicago by John Hildreth."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "He is instrumental in luring the Nuthanger Farm dog into the Efrafans during the siege of Watership Down."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "The Mouse: Never named, the mouse is a resident of Watership Down before the arrival of the rabbits."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "In 1978 Martin Rosen wrote and directed an animated film adaptation of Watership Down."
},
{
"section_header": "Origin and publication history",
"text": "The title refers to the rabbits' destination, Watership Down, a hill in the north of Hampshire, England, near the area where Adams grew up."
}
] |
Watership Down occurs in Britain.
| 1 | 4 |
Watership Down
|
Science
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Diversity",
"text": "About 42% of recorded extinctions since the year 1500 are of molluscs, consisting almost entirely of nonmarine species."
}
] |
kRJEkHTNUqynKLrRMRyp
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Diversity",
"text": "Freshwater and terrestrial molluscs appear exceptionally vulnerable to extinction."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolution | Fossil record",
"text": "The Hyolitha are a class of extinct animals with a shell and operculum that may be molluscs."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolution | Fossil record",
"text": "One bivalve group, the rudists, became major reef-builders in the Cretaceous, but became extinct in the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event."
},
{
"section_header": "Diversity",
"text": "About 42% of recorded extinctions since the year 1500 are of molluscs, consisting almost entirely of nonmarine species."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The phylum is typically divided into 8 or 9 taxonomic classes, of which two are entirely extinct."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolution | Fossil record",
"text": "All cephalopods with external shells except the nautiloids became extinct by the end of the Cretaceous period 65 million years ago."
},
{
"section_header": "Classification",
"text": "It contains the body organs. Opinions vary about the number of classes of molluscs; for example, the table below shows seven living classes, and two extinct ones."
},
{
"section_header": "Hypothetical ancestral mollusc",
"text": "Because of the great range of anatomical diversity among molluscs, many textbooks start the subject of molluscan anatomy by describing what is called an archi-mollusc, hypothetical generalized mollusc, or hypothetical ancestral mollusc (HAM) to illustrate the most common features found within the phylum."
},
{
"section_header": "Hypothetical ancestral mollusc",
"text": "The generalized mollusc is bilaterally symmetrical and has a single, \"limpet-like\" shell on top."
},
{
"section_header": "Hypothetical ancestral mollusc",
"text": "The visceral mass, or visceropallium, is the soft, nonmuscular metabolic region of the mollusc."
}
] |
Forty-two percent of extinctions are molluscs.
| 4 | 4 |
Mollusca
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The stadium, which is shared with city rivals Internazionale, is the largest in Italian football, with a total capacity of 80,018."
}
] |
kRKJGyUkoUUfNX2Cho9D
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Stadium",
"text": "The stadium was owned by the club until it was sold to the city in 1935, and since 1947, it has been shared with Internazionale when the other major Milanese club was accepted as joint tenant."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The stadium, which is shared with city rivals Internazionale, is the largest in Italian football, with a total capacity of 80,018."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium",
"text": "As opposed to many other stadiums in Italy, Milan's new stadium would likely be used for football only, having no athletics track."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium",
"text": "The first game played at the stadium was on 19 September 1926, when Milan lost 6–3 in a friendly match against Internazionale."
},
{
"section_header": "A.C. Milan as a company",
"text": "As of 9 October 2019 On 13 April 2017 Milan became a subsidiary of Rossoneri Sport Investment Luxembourg, which acquired 99.92973% shares of A.C. Milan S.p.A. from Fininvest."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium",
"text": "The team's stadium is the 80,018 seat San Siro, officially known as Stadio Giuseppe Meazza after the former player who represented both Milan and Internazionale."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium",
"text": "Based on the English model for stadiums, San Siro is specifically designed for football matches, as opposed to many multi-purpose stadiums used in Serie A."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium",
"text": "He stated Milan's new stadium will be largely based on the Veltins-Arena – the home of Schalke 04 in Gelsenkirchen – and will follow the standards of football stadiums in the United States, Germany and Spain."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium",
"text": "On 20 September 2015, however, Silvio Berlusconi called an end to his club's plans to build a new stadium in the city."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium",
"text": "From an initial capacity of 35,000 spectators, the stadium has undergone several major renovations, most recently in preparation for the 1990 FIFA World Cup when its capacity was set to 85,700, all covered with a polycarbonate roof."
}
] |
A.C. Milan shares its stadium with an adversary team.
| 0 | 0 |
A.C. Milan
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Born in Emerald, Wisconsin, Grimes was the first child of Nick Grimes, a farmer and former day laborer, and the former Ruth Tuttle, the daughter of a former Wisconsin legislator."
}
] |
kRNU3anrlhTMiODt8HJE
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Burleigh Grimes also participated in boxing as a child."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Burleigh Arland Grimes (August 18, 1893 – December 6, 1985) was an American professional baseball player, and the last pitcher officially permitted to throw the spitball."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career",
"text": "Grimes was the manager of the Dodgers in 1937-38."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career",
"text": "Grimes played for the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1916 and 1917."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Grimes was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1964."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Born in Emerald, Wisconsin, Grimes was the first child of Nick Grimes, a farmer and former day laborer, and the former Ruth Tuttle, the daughter of a former Wisconsin legislator."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "In 1981, Lawrence Ritter and Donald Honig included Grimes in their book"
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career",
"text": "Grimes remained in baseball for many years as a minor league manager and a scout."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career",
"text": "As a scout with the Baltimore Orioles, Grimes discovered Jim Palmer and Dave McNally."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Grimes died of cancer at age 92 in 1985 in Clear Lake, Wisconsin."
}
] |
Burleigh Grimes is a Wisconsinite.
| 0 | 0 |
Burleigh Grimes
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Publication",
"text": "Conan Doyle wrote the novel at the age of 27 in less than three weeks."
}
] |
kRjIPcEbisxp6fiBlTuD
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Publication",
"text": "The author received £25 in return for the full rights (although Conan Doyle had pressed for a royalty instead)."
},
{
"section_header": "Depiction of Mormonism",
"text": "Years after Conan Doyle's death, Levi Edgar Young, a descendant of Brigham Young and a Mormon general authority, claimed that Conan Doyle had privately apologised, saying that \"He [Conan Doyle] said he had been misled by writings of the time about the Church\" and had \"written a scurrilous book about the Mormons."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A Study in Scarlet is an 1887 detective novel written by Arthur Conan Doyle."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Other media",
"text": "A Study in Scarlet was illustrated by Seymour Moskowitz for Classics Illustrated comics in 1953."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Television",
"text": "A Study in Scarlet is one of the stories missing from the adaptations made starring Jeremy Brett between 1984 and 1994.Steven Moffat loosely adapted A Study in Scarlet into \"A Study in Pink\" as the first episode of the 2010 BBC television series Sherlock featuring Benedict Cumberbatch as a 21st-century Sherlock Holmes, and Martin Freeman as Dr. Watson."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "As the first Sherlock Holmes story published, A Study in Scarlet was among the first to be adapted to the screen."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Other media",
"text": "In 2010, A Study in Scarlet was adapted for the stage by William Amos Jr and Margaret Walther."
},
{
"section_header": "Allusions in other works",
"text": "The new short story is titled \"A Study in Emerald\" (2004) and is modelled with a parallel structure."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Television",
"text": "The story was more closely adapted in the season 4 episode, \"A Study in Charlotte.\" \"The First Adventure\", the first episode of the 2014 NHK puppetry series Sherlock Holmes, is loosely based on A Study in Scarlet and \"The Adventure of the Six Napoleons\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A Study in Scarlet was the first work of detective fiction to incorporate the magnifying glass as an investigative tool."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication",
"text": "Conan Doyle wrote the novel at the age of 27 in less than three weeks."
}
] |
A Study in Scarlet's author was in his late 20s when he finished it.
| 0 | 0 |
A Study in Scarlet
|
History
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His role in helping form the nation, however, would be overshadowed when he killed fellow Founding Father Alexander Hamilton in an 1804 duel and the charges of treason brought against him in 1807."
}
] |
kRngFGcd3wKgenOT6gdr
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Duel with Alexander Hamilton",
"text": "Burr was charged with multiple crimes, including murder, in New York and New Jersey, but was never tried in either jurisdiction."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His role in helping form the nation, however, would be overshadowed when he killed fellow Founding Father Alexander Hamilton in an 1804 duel and the charges of treason brought against him in 1807."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After leaving the military, Burr returned to his law career in New York City."
},
{
"section_header": "Children and parenthood | Adopted and acknowledged children",
"text": "Burr adopted two sons, Aaron Columbus Burr and Charles Burdett, during the 1810s and 1820s after the death of his daughter Theodosia."
},
{
"section_header": "Conspiracy and trial",
"text": "Jefferson, however, sought the highest charges against Burr."
},
{
"section_header": "Revolutionary War",
"text": "Burr distinguished himself during the Battle of Quebec on December 31, 1775, where he attempted to recover Montgomery's corpse after he had been killed."
},
{
"section_header": "Law and politics",
"text": "Also, he continued his military service as a lieutenant colonel and commander of a regiment in the militia brigade commanded by William Malcolm."
},
{
"section_header": "Conspiracy and trial",
"text": "Burr was immediately tried on a misdemeanor charge and was again acquitted."
},
{
"section_header": "Children and parenthood | Burr's daughter Theodosia",
"text": "During the winter of 1812–1813, Theodosia was lost at sea with the schooner Patriot off the Carolinas, either murdered by pirates or shipwrecked in a storm."
},
{
"section_header": "Law and politics",
"text": "Washington wrote, \"By all that I have known and heard, Colonel Burr is a brave and able officer, but the question is whether he has not equal talents at intrigue."
}
] |
Burr killed a military officer and was charged with murder in 1810.
| 2 | 7 |
Aaron Burr
|
Popular Culture
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was arrested multiple times for fighting, theft, and check fraud before the age of 17."
}
] |
kRwrNDBFRBhNkjIAAaQL
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Professional wrestling career | Return to WWE | Feud with John Cena (2011–2013)",
"text": "After the match, The Rock gave Cena a Rock Bottom."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional wrestling career | Return to WWE | Feud with John Cena (2011–2013)",
"text": "On November 14, during the special Raw Gets Rocked, The Rock appeared live, delivering Rock Bottoms to Mick Foley, who had been hosting a"
},
{
"section_header": "Professional wrestling career | World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment | Record-breaking world champion (2000–2002)",
"text": "The Rock seemed to have the upper hand, until his teammate Jericho entered the ring and attacked The Rock."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional wrestling career | Return to WWE | Feud with John Cena (2011–2013)",
"text": ", The Rock hosted his first \"Rock Concert\" segment since 2004, mocking Cena in his songs."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional wrestling career | Return to WWE | Feud with John Cena (2011–2013)",
"text": "The Rock and Cena defeated Awesome Truth on November 20 at Survivor Series, when The Rock pinned The Miz."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional wrestling career | World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment | WWF Champion and rise to superstardom (1998–2000)",
"text": "The Rock then defeated Gunn in a Kiss"
},
{
"section_header": "Professional wrestling career | World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment | Record-breaking world champion (2000–2002)",
"text": "The Rock then aligned with McMahon and the WWF."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional wrestling career | Return to WWE | Sporadic appearances (2014–present)",
"text": "On June 27, The Rock appeared at a live event in Boston where he confronted Bo Dallas and gave him a Rock Bottom."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional wrestling career | World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment | Final feuds and first retirement (2003–2004)",
"text": "In 2004, The Rock aided Mick Foley in his feud against Evolution, leading to a reunion of The Rock 'n' Sock Connection."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional wrestling career | Return to WWE | Feud with John Cena (2011–2013)",
"text": "The Rock would pin Punk to retain the championship."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was arrested multiple times for fighting, theft, and check fraud before the age of 17."
}
] |
The Rock was a juvenile delinquent.
| 3 | 4 |
Dwayne Johnson
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The Coriolis acceleration equation was derived by Euler in 1749, and the effect was described in the tidal equations of Pierre-Simon Laplace in 1778.Gaspard-Gustave Coriolis published a paper in 1835 on the energy yield of machines with rotating parts, such as waterwheels."
},
{
"section_header": "Causes",
"text": "This effect (see Eötvös effect below) was discussed by Galileo Galilei in 1632 and by Riccioli in 1651.) This effect (see Eötvös effect below) was discussed by Galileo Galilei in 1632 and by Riccioli in 1651.) if the velocity is against the direction of rotation, the Coriolis force is inward to the axis. (On Earth, this situation occurs for a body on the equator moving west, which would deflect downward as seen by an observer.) The Coriolis force exists only when one uses a rotating reference frame."
}
] |
kSTl84kvsw8FphSoFqJH
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Visualization of the Coriolis effect",
"text": "To demonstrate the Coriolis effect, a parabolic turntable can be used."
},
{
"section_header": "Applied to the Earth | Eötvös effect | Intuitive example",
"text": "In each case, the Coriolis effect can be calculated from the rotating frame of reference on Earth first, and then checked against a fixed inertial frame."
},
{
"section_header": "Coriolis effects in other areas | Coriolis flow meter",
"text": "The vibration, though not completely circular, provides the rotating reference frame that gives rise to the Coriolis effect."
},
{
"section_header": "Coriolis effects in other areas | Coriolis flow meter",
"text": "A practical application of the Coriolis effect is the mass flow meter, an instrument that measures the mass flow rate and density of a fluid flowing through a tube."
},
{
"section_header": "Coriolis effects in other areas | Molecular physics",
"text": "Coriolis effects are therefore present, and make the atoms move in a direction perpendicular to the original oscillations."
},
{
"section_header": "Causes",
"text": "This effect (see Eötvös effect below) was discussed by Galileo Galilei in 1632 and by Riccioli in 1651.) This effect (see Eötvös effect below) was discussed by Galileo Galilei in 1632 and by Riccioli in 1651.) if the velocity is against the direction of rotation, the Coriolis force is inward to the axis. (On Earth, this situation occurs for a body on the equator moving west, which would deflect downward as seen by an observer.) The Coriolis force exists only when one uses a rotating reference frame."
},
{
"section_header": "Visualization of the Coriolis effect",
"text": "Discs cut from cylinders of dry ice can be used as pucks, moving around almost frictionlessly over the surface of the parabolic turntable, allowing effects of Coriolis on dynamic phenomena to show themselves."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The Coriolis acceleration equation was derived by Euler in 1749, and the effect was described in the tidal equations of Pierre-Simon Laplace in 1778.Gaspard-Gustave Coriolis published a paper in 1835 on the energy yield of machines with rotating parts, such as waterwheels."
},
{
"section_header": "Visualization of the Coriolis effect",
"text": "Because this reference frame rotates several times a minute rather than only once a day like the Earth, the Coriolis acceleration produced is many times larger and so easier to observe on small time and spatial scales than is the Coriolis acceleration caused by the rotation of the Earth."
},
{
"section_header": "Coriolis effects in other areas | Lagrangian point stability",
"text": "The L4 and L5 points, although they correspond to maxima of the effective potential in the coordinate frame that rotates with the two large bodies, are stable due to the Coriolis effect."
}
] |
The Coriolis effect was first talked about by Galilei but was published by Coriolis in the 1800s.
| 0 | 0 |
Coriolis effect
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Wise Blood is the first novel by American author Flannery O'Connor, published in 1952."
}
] |
kSZ9cTuUuRo79CDX6N4U
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel concerns a returning World War II veteran who, haunted by a lifelong crisis of faith, resolves to form an anti-religious ministry in an eccentric, fictionalized Southern city after finding his family homestead abandoned without a trace."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Wise Blood is the first novel by American author Flannery O'Connor, published in 1952."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "From the Soap Factory website: \"Visual artist Chris Larson and composer Anthony Gatto join forces to bring the darkly humorous world of Flannery O'Connor's WISE BLOOD to life."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Recently discharged from service in World War II and surviving on a government pension for unspecified battle wounds, Hazel Motes returns to his family home in Tennessee to find it abandoned."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "Flannery O'Connor then published it as a complete novel in 1952, and Signet advertised it as \"A Searching Novel of Sin and Redemption.\" In the introduction to the 10th anniversary publication of Wise Blood, O'Connor states that the book is about freedom, free will, life and death, and the inevitability of belief."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "An immersive opera and gallery installation, WISE BLOOD [1],"
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "WISE BLOOD features an incredibly diverse cast of performers."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary context",
"text": "Wise Blood began with four separate stories published in Mademoiselle, Sewanee Review, and Partisan Review in 1948 and 1949."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "\" The incident causes Emery's \"wise blood\" to give him some inarticulated revelation, and he seeks out a program of the \"gorilla's\" future appearances."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Emery introduces Motes to the concept of \"wise blood,\" an idea that he has innate, worldly knowledge of what direction to take in life, and requires no spiritual or emotional guidance."
}
] |
Wise Blood was a novel by French author and is about a World War 2 veteran who is haunted by a crisis of faith.
| 0 | 0 |
Wise Blood
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "To his astonishment she tells him she actually saw him steal the diamond and has been protecting his reputation at the cost of her own even though she believes him to be a thief and a hypocrite."
}
] |
kSjkR1b2CCEudY6EIYB3
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Now believing that Rachel suspects him of the theft on Rosanna's evidence, Franklin engineers a meeting and asks her."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "The Moonstone of the title is a diamond (not to be confused with the semi-precious moonstone gem)."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Franklin Blake – an adventurer, also cousin and suitor of Rachel"
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance",
"text": "a bungling local constabulary detective enquiries"
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Suspicion falls on three Indian jugglers who have been near the house; on Rosanna Spearman, a maidservant who begins to act oddly and who then drowns herself in a local quicksand; and on Rachel herself, who also behaves suspiciously and is suddenly furious with Franklin Blake, with whom she has previously appeared to be enamoured, when he directs attempts to find it."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "The mystery is solved, Rachel and Franklin marry, and in an epilogue from Mr. Murthwaite, a noted adventurer, the reader learns of the restoration of the Moonstone to the place where it should be, in the forehead of the statue of the god in India."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Rachel Verinder – the heroine of the story, a young heiress"
},
{
"section_header": "Film, radio, and television adaptations",
"text": "It starred Greg Wise as Franklin Blake and Keeley Hawes as Rachel Verinder."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Godfrey Ablewhite – a philanthropist, another cousin, and suitor, of Rachel"
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Drusilla Clack – a poor cousin of Rachel Verinder, an unpleasant hypocritical Christian evangelist and meddler, second narrator"
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "To his astonishment she tells him she actually saw him steal the diamond and has been protecting his reputation at the cost of her own even though she believes him to be a thief and a hypocrite."
}
] |
The character of Rachel in The Moonstone turns in Franklin for the local law because she believes he stole a precious jewel.
| 0 | 0 |
The Moonstone
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "Approximately 22 miles (35 km) in length, the boulevard roughly traces the arc of mountains that form part of the northern boundary of the Los Angeles Basin, following the path of a 1780s cattle trail from the Pueblo de Los Angeles to the ocean."
}
] |
kTLURJsIbw6oIsAHkDEj
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "At that time, Sunset was realigned one block north and Marchessault was closed to motor traffic."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "Sunset Boulevard historically extended farther east than it does now, starting at Alameda Street near Union Station and beside Olvera Street in the historic section of Downtown."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "The portion of Sunset Boulevard east of Figueroa Street was renamed Cesar Chavez Avenue in 1994, along with Macy Street and Brooklyn Avenue, in honor of the late Mexican-American union leader and civil rights activist."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "With these changes completed, Sunset Boulevard now reached North Main Street and continued as Marchessault along the northern end of the Plaza."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "This section, variously marked and signed as Marchessault Street or East Sunset Boulevard, remained open to traffic until the late 1960s or early 1970s."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sunset Boulevard is a boulevard in the central and western part of Los Angeles, California that stretches from the Pacific Coast Highway in Pacific Palisades east to Figueroa Street in Downtown Los Angeles."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural aspects",
"text": "In the 1970s, the area between Gardner Street and Western Avenue was a center for street prostitution."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural aspects",
"text": "In contrast to other American cities where it referred to a concentration of radio retailers, in Los Angeles, Radio Row was understood in the 1940s-1950s as the area around the intersection of Sunset Boulevard and Vine Street in Hollywood, where the broadcasting facilities of all four major radio networks were located."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The Board of Public Works proposed to extend Sunset east to Main Street in the Plaza by routing the road over the existing section of Bellevue Avenue, but the plan was delayed until approximately 1904, due to active opposition by affected land owners."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural aspects",
"text": "The portion of Sunset Boulevard that passes through Beverly Hills was once named Beverly Boulevard."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "Approximately 22 miles (35 km) in length, the boulevard roughly traces the arc of mountains that form part of the northern boundary of the Los Angeles Basin, following the path of a 1780s cattle trail from the Pueblo de Los Angeles to the ocean."
}
] |
Sunset Boulevard is a street that is close to thirty five kilometers long.
| 0 | 0 |
Sunset Boulevard
|
Popular Culture
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "Avengers: Age of Ultron's worldwide opening of $392.5 million was the seventh-largest ever."
}
] |
kTOWDAT304vp8Qcxpx4n
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | Outside territories",
"text": "Age of Ultron also opened at number one in Japan in early July 2015 with $6.5 million, the highest opening weekend for an MCU release."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "Avengers: Age of Ultron's worldwide opening of $392.5 million was the seventh-largest ever."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | Outside territories",
"text": "Avengers: Age of Ultron earned $200.2 million in its first weekend from 44 countries, opening in first in all, which was 44% above its predecessor's opening."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | Outside territories",
"text": "In the UK, where Age of Ultron was filmed, it earned $5.4 million on its opening day and $27.3 million during the weekend, setting an opening-weekend record for a superhero film, Marvel's biggest opening in Britain, the biggest April opening, the eighth-biggest debut."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | United States and Canada",
"text": "The film totaled $191.3 million in its opening weekend, the third-highest gross behind Jurassic World ($208.8 million) and The Avengers ($207.4 million)."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | United States and Canada",
"text": "Avengers: Age of Ultron earned $84.46 million on its opening day, marking the biggest opening day for a superhero film and the second-biggest opening and second-biggest single-day gross, behind Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 ($91.7 million)."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "According to some analysts, the opening weekend box office gross was lower than expected because of the weekend's featured boxing match between Floyd Mayweather and Manny Pacquiao."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Production designer Charles Wood built an enormous, new Avengers Tower set, one of the largest sets ever built for a Marvel film."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "Avengers: Age of Ultron grossed $459 million in the United States and Canada and $943.8 million in other territories for a worldwide total of $1.403 billion."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | United States and Canada",
"text": "Of those in attendance the first weekend, 59% were male, 41% were female and 59% were over the age of 25.In its second weekend, the film fell 59%, earning $77.7 million, which was the second-biggest second weekend gross behind The Avengers' $103 million (both were surpassed a month later by Jurassic World's $106.6 million)."
}
] |
Avengers: Age of Ultron is one of the largest grossing opening weekend.
| 0 | 3 |
Avengers: Age of Ultron
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "As he aged, however, he became severely overweight and his health suffered, causing his death in 1547."
}
] |
kTtZBw6O16MtY5frNiQd
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Her father preferred her to stay in England, but Henry VII's relations with Ferdinand had deteriorated."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Henry VIII (28 June 1491 – 28 January 1547) was King of England from 1509 until his death in 1547."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Isabella's death in 1504, and the ensuing problems of succession in Castile, complicated matters."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "As he aged, however, he became severely overweight and his health suffered, causing his death in 1547."
},
{
"section_header": "Marriage to Anne Boleyn",
"text": "Henry VIII promised the rebels he would pardon them and thanked them for raising the issues."
},
{
"section_header": "Second invasion of France and the \"Rough Wooing\" of Scotland",
"text": "Francis attempted to invade England in the summer of 1545, but reached only the Isle of Wight before being repulsed in the Battle of the Solent."
},
{
"section_header": "Early reign",
"text": "Relations between Henry and Catherine had been strained, but they eased slightly after Mary's birth."
},
{
"section_header": "Government | Reformation",
"text": "This led to the passing of the Act of Six Articles, whereby six major questions were all answered by asserting the religious orthodoxy, thus restraining the reform movement in England."
},
{
"section_header": "Succession",
"text": "If Edward died childless, the throne was to pass to Mary, Henry VIII's daughter by Catherine of Aragon, and her heirs."
},
{
"section_header": "Government | Reformation",
"text": "These included the Statute in Restraint of Appeals (passed 1533), which extended the charge of praemunire against all who introduced papal bulls into England, potentially exposing them to the death penalty if found guilty."
}
] |
Henry VIII of England passed due to complications related to being really overweight.
| 0 | 0 |
Henry VIII of England
|
Technology
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Three former PayPal employees—Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim—created the service in February 2005."
}
] |
kTxdIwMguw5V8r8EOJWG
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Founding and initial growth (2005–2006)",
"text": "Hurley and Chen said that the original idea for YouTube was a video version of an online dating service, and had been influenced by the website Hot or Not."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Three former PayPal employees—Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim—created the service in February 2005."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Founding and initial growth (2005–2006)",
"text": "Karim did not attend the party and denied that it had occurred, but Chen commented that the idea that YouTube was founded after a dinner party \"was probably very strengthened by marketing ideas around creating a story that was very digestible\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Founding and initial growth (2005–2006)",
"text": "Karim could not easily find video clips of either event online, which led to the idea of a video sharing site."
},
{
"section_header": "Community policy | COPPA violations",
"text": "In order to comply with the settlement, YouTube was ordered to \"develop, implement, and maintain a system for Channel Owners to designate whether their Content on the YouTube Service is directed to Children.\" YouTube also announced that it would invest $100 million over the next three years to support the creation of \"thoughtful, original children's content\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Censorship and filtering",
"text": "Many Pakistanis circumvented the three-day block by using virtual private network software."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | YouTube Premium",
"text": "YouTube Premium was originally announced on November 12, 2014, as \"Music Key\", a subscription music streaming service, and was intended to integrate with and replace the existing Google Play Music \" All Access\" service."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | YouTube Premium",
"text": "On October 28, 2015, the service was relaunched as YouTube Red, offering ad-free streaming of all videos, as well as access to exclusive original content."
},
{
"section_header": "Revenue",
"text": "The move was seen as an attempt to compete with other providers of online subscription services such as Netflix and Hulu."
},
{
"section_header": "Revenue | Advertisement partnerships",
"text": "In January 2010, YouTube introduced an online film rentals service, which is only available to users in the United States, Canada, and the UK as of 2010."
}
] |
YouTube was created by three guys who all used to work for PayPal and the original idea was an online dating service.
| 3 | 3 |
YouTube
|
Science
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ferromagnetism is the basic mechanism by which certain materials (such as iron) form permanent magnets, or are attracted to magnets."
}
] |
kU703Wl0Ggl5nHK4CKqI
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Explanation | Curie temperature",
"text": "The study of ferromagnetic phase transitions, especially via the simplified Ising spin model, had an important impact on the development of statistical physics."
},
{
"section_header": "Explanation | Magnetized materials",
"text": "During manufacture the materials are subjected to various metallurgical processes in a powerful magnetic field, which aligns the crystal grains so their \"easy\" axes of magnetization all point in the same direction."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Permanent magnets are made from \"hard\" ferromagnetic materials such as alnico and ferrite that are subjected to special processing in a strong magnetic field during manufacture to align their internal microcrystalline structure, making them very hard to demagnetize."
},
{
"section_header": "Explanation | Magnetized materials",
"text": "If a strong enough external magnetic field is applied to the material, the domain walls will move by the process of the spins of the electrons in atoms near the wall in one domain turning under the influence of the external field to face in the same direction as the electrons in the other domain, thus reorienting the domains so more of the dipoles are aligned with the external field."
},
{
"section_header": "Ferromagnetic materials",
"text": "Most ferromagnetic materials are metals, since the conducting electrons are often responsible for mediating the ferromagnetic interactions."
},
{
"section_header": "Ferromagnetic materials | Actinide ferromagnets",
"text": "A number of actinide compounds are ferromagnets at room temperature or exhibit ferromagnetism upon cooling."
},
{
"section_header": "Ferromagnetic materials",
"text": "It is therefore a challenge to develop ferromagnetic insulators, especially multiferroic materials, which are both ferromagnetic and ferroelectric."
},
{
"section_header": "Ferromagnetic materials",
"text": "There are ferromagnetic metal alloys whose constituents are not themselves ferromagnetic, called Heusler alloys, named after Fritz Heusler."
},
{
"section_header": "Ferromagnetic materials | Actinide ferromagnets",
"text": "In its ferromagnetic state, PuP's easy axis is in the <100> direction."
},
{
"section_header": "Ferromagnetic materials",
"text": "Ferromagnetism is a property not just of the chemical make-up of a material, but of its crystalline structure and microstructure."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ferromagnetism is the basic mechanism by which certain materials (such as iron) form permanent magnets, or are attracted to magnets."
}
] |
Ferromagnetism is the process by which maggots get into trash.
| 0 | 2 |
Ferromagnetism
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "On several occasions, Anson refused to take the field when the opposing roster included black players."
}
] |
kUDeRJ5YBF2YCvrLi5cO
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He led the team to six National League pennants in the 1880s."
},
{
"section_header": "Retirement",
"text": "Anson initially had no intention of playing for the team, but in June 1907, at the age of 55, Anson started playing some games at first base in an attempt to boost poor attendance."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Racial intolerance",
"text": "On July 14, 1887 the Chicago White Stockings played an exhibition game against the Newark Little Giants."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Betting on baseball/personal character",
"text": "Betting by players, managers, and owners was regarded as acceptable so long as they did not bet against their team doing well or associate with gamblers."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Career hits total",
"text": "The National Baseball Hall of Fame, which uses statistics verified by the Elias Sports Bureau, credits Anson with 3,081 hits."
},
{
"section_header": "Retirement",
"text": "He then attempted to buy a Chicago team in the Western League, but failed after being opposed by Spalding."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Racial intolerance",
"text": "On August 10, 1883, he refused to play an exhibition game against the Toledo Blue Stockings because their catcher, Moses Fleetwood Walker, was African American."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Racial intolerance",
"text": "In 1884, Chicago again played an exhibition game at Toledo, which was now in the American Association, a major league."
},
{
"section_header": "Retirement",
"text": "Right after it was published, Cary told the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, \"I really thought when I started that the ‘Cap’ [sic] would be able to reel off the story of his life about as fast as a nimble man would care to write it."
},
{
"section_header": "Retirement",
"text": "However, at the first sign of trouble he dissolved the league before a single game was played, drawing heated criticism from other backers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "On several occasions, Anson refused to take the field when the opposing roster included black players."
}
] |
Cap used his fame to advance civil rights by demanding that the his team play non-league games against teams from the Negro League.
| 0 | 0 |
Cap Anson
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Popular culture",
"text": "Ivan the Terrible is a major character in the Soviet-era fiction comedy Ivan Vasilievich: Back to the Future, based on a play by Mikhail Bulgakov."
}
] |
kUhamDOvzOE2Lncsavvl
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Domestic policy | Sack of Novgorod",
"text": "He then tortured its inhabitants and killed thousands in a pogrom; the archbishop was also hunted to death."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Popular culture",
"text": "A monstrous Rider version of Ivan the Terrible was depicted as a major character in the mobile game Fate Grand Order on the second chapter 'Cosmos in the Lostbelt's first story arc 'Permafrost Empire: Anastasia'."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Popular culture",
"text": "The image of Ivan is played out in numerous operas (The Maid of Pskov, The Tsar's Bride, Ivan IV of Bizet etc.) and ballet Ivan the Terrible of Prokofiev."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Marriages and children",
"text": "This event is depicted in the famous painting by Ilya Repin, Ivan the Terrible and his son Ivan on Friday, 16 November 1581 better known as Ivan the Terrible killing his son."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ivan Vasilyevich; 25 August 1530 – 28 March [O.S. 18 March] 1584), commonly known as Ivan the Terrible (Russian: Ива́н Гро́зный Ivan Grozny; \"Ivan the Formidable\" or \"Ivan the Fearsome\", Latin: Ioannes Severus ), was the Grand Prince of Moscow from 1533 to 1547 and the first Tsar of Russia from 1547 to 1584."
},
{
"section_header": "Appearance",
"text": "According to Ivan Katyryov-Rostovsky, the son-in-law of Michael I of Russia, Ivan had an unpleasant face, with a long and crooked nose."
},
{
"section_header": "Domestic policy | Oprichnina",
"text": "Upon this, Ivan decreed the creation of the oprichnina."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Arts",
"text": "Ivan was a poet, and a composer of considerable talent."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Popular culture",
"text": "Ivan appears as a major character in the novel"
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Popular culture",
"text": "Ivan the Terrible is a major character in the Soviet-era fiction comedy Ivan Vasilievich: Back to the Future, based on a play by Mikhail Bulgakov."
}
] |
Ivan was very accomplished in equestrian husbandry and hunting games.
| 1 | 3 |
Ivan the Terrible
|
NOCAT
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Pope Urban II (Latin: Urbanus II; c. 1035 – 29 July 1099), otherwise known as Odo of Châtillon or Otho de Lagery, was the bishop of Rome and ruler of the Papal States from 12 March 1088 to his death."
}
] |
kVWyYD6rDOVeSfutU8gI
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Bishop of Ostia",
"text": "He was prior of the abbey of Cluny, later Pope Gregory VII named him cardinal-bishop of Ostia c. 1080."
},
{
"section_header": "Papacy | Struggle for authority",
"text": "Urban maintained vigorous support for his predecessors' reforms, however, and did not shy from supporting Anselm when the new archbishop of Canterbury fled England."
},
{
"section_header": "Papacy | Struggle for authority",
"text": "He supported the theological and ecclesiastical work of Anselm, negotiating a solution to the cleric's impasse with King William II of England and finally receiving England's support against the Imperial pope in Rome."
},
{
"section_header": "Bishop of Ostia",
"text": "Urban, baptized Eudes (Odo), was born to a family of Châtillon-sur-Marne."
},
{
"section_header": "Veneration",
"text": "Pope Urban was beatified in 1881 by Pope Leo XIII with his feast day on 29 July."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Pope Urban II (Latin: Urbanus II; c. 1035 – 29 July 1099), otherwise known as Odo of Châtillon or Otho de Lagery, was the bishop of Rome and ruler of the Papal States from 12 March 1088 to his death."
},
{
"section_header": "Papacy | Spain",
"text": "Pope Urban was concerned that the focus on the east and Jerusalem would neglect the fight in Spain."
},
{
"section_header": "Papacy | Struggle for authority",
"text": "From the outset, Urban had to reckon with the presence of Guibert, the former bishop of Ravenna who held Rome as the antipope \"Clement III\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Papacy | First Crusade",
"text": "Robert continued: When Pope Urban had said these ... things in his urbane discourse, he so influenced to one purpose the desires of all who were present, that they cried out \" It is the will of God!"
},
{
"section_header": "Papacy | First Crusade",
"text": "Others believe that Urban saw this as an opportunity to gain legitimacy as the pope as at the time he was contending with the antipope Clement III."
}
] |
Pope Urban was the bishop of England.
| 1 | 2 |
Pope Urban II
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Controversy",
"text": "There was controversy over lines in the play, and in the film adaptation of it, in which it was claimed prejudice was shown against Indian-Americans."
}
] |
kW0wMrMBGU60f4Ouu0ig
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Glengarry Glen Ross is a play by David Mamet that won the Pulitzer Prize in 1984."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Glengarry Highlands is the prime real estate everyone is attempting to sell now; Glen Ross Farms is mentioned by several characters as having been very lucrative for those selling it several years ago."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The play shows parts of two days in the lives of four desperate Chicago real estate agents who are prepared to engage in any number of unethical, illegal acts—from lies and flattery to bribery, threats, intimidation and burglary—to sell undesirable real estate to unwitting prospective buyers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The title comes from two real estate developments mentioned in the play."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions",
"text": "Glengarry Glen Ross has also been produced as a radio play for BBC Radio 3, featuring Héctor Elizondo, Stacy Keach, Bruce Davison, and Alfred Molina as Roma, first airing 20 March 2005."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Act I",
"text": "Moss tells Aaronow that they need to strike back by stealing all the Glengarry leads and selling them to another real estate agency."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions",
"text": "The world premiere of Glengarry Glen Ross was at the Cottesloe Theatre of the Royal National Theatre in London on 21 September 1983, directed by Bill Bryden."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Act II",
"text": "Setting: a real estate sales office"
},
{
"section_header": "Controversy",
"text": "There was controversy over lines in the play, and in the film adaptation of it, in which it was claimed prejudice was shown against Indian-Americans."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Mitch and Murray: The unsavory unseen characters are the owners of the real estate agency."
}
] |
Glengarry Glen Ross, a play about real estate agents, was never criticized for racism towards Native Americans.
| 0 | 0 |
Glengarry Glen Ross
|
Popular Culture
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It stars Benedict Cumberbatch as British cryptanalyst Alan Turing, who decrypted German intelligence messages for the British government during the Second World War."
}
] |
kW84It1i0RoVvdblK76e
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Accolades",
"text": "The Imitation Game was nominated for, and received, numerous awards, with Cumberbatch's portrayal of Turing particularly praised."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "During his interrogation by Nock, Turing tells of his time working at Bletchley Park during the Second World War."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Marketing",
"text": "In November 2014, ahead of the film's US release, The New York Times reprinted the 1942 puzzle from The Daily Telegraph used in recruiting codebreakers at Bletchley Park during the Second World War."
},
{
"section_header": "Social action",
"text": "Turing was pardoned by Queen Elizabeth II in 2013."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It stars Benedict Cumberbatch as British cryptanalyst Alan Turing, who decrypted German intelligence messages for the British government during the Second World War."
},
{
"section_header": "Accolades",
"text": "\"We are proud to honor the stars and filmmakers of The Imitation Game for bringing the captivating yet tragic story of Alan Turing to the big screen\", HRC president Chad Griffin said in a statement."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Marketing",
"text": "The bombe re-created by the filmmakers has been on display in a special The Imitation Game exhibition at Bletchley Park since November 10, 2014."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Imitation Game is a 2014 American historical drama film directed by Morten Tyldum and written by Graham Moore, based on the 1983 biography Alan Turing: The Enigma by Andrew Hodges."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "In 2013, Queen Elizabeth II granted Turing a posthumous Royal Pardon, honouring his unprecedented achievements."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Imitation Game grossed over $233 million worldwide on a $14 million production budget, making it the highest-grossing independent film of 2014."
}
] |
The Imitation Game follows the life of Turing as he redesigned the gas chambers used in World War II.
| 0 | 1 |
The Imitation Game
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "The name Luddite () is of uncertain origin."
}
] |
kX7l39VMjLVRXga1kque
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "The movement was said to be named after Ned Ludd, an apprentice who allegedly smashed two stocking frames in 1779 and whose name had become emblematic of machine destroyers."
},
{
"section_header": "Birth of the movement",
"text": "They smashed stocking frames and cropping frames among others."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "The name developed into the imaginary General Ludd or King Ludd, who was reputed to live in Sherwood Forest like Robin Hood."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "The name Luddite () is of uncertain origin."
},
{
"section_header": "Birth of the movement",
"text": "Textile workers destroyed industrial equipment during the late 18th century, prompting acts such as the Protection of Stocking Frames, etc."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "Ned Ludd, however, was completely fictional and used as a way to shock and provoke the government."
},
{
"section_header": "Birth of the movement",
"text": "See also Barthélemy Thimonnier, whose sewing machines were destroyed by tailors who believed that their jobs were threatenedHandloom weavers burned mills and pieces of factory machinery."
},
{
"section_header": "Birth of the movement",
"text": "In 1817, an unemployed Nottingham stockinger and probably ex-Luddite, named Jeremiah Brandreth led the Pentrich Rising."
},
{
"section_header": "Birth of the movement",
"text": "Activists smashed Heathcote's lacemaking machine in Loughborough in 1816."
},
{
"section_header": "Government response",
"text": "Parliament made \"machine breaking\" (i.e. industrial sabotage) a capital crime with the Frame Breaking Act of 1812."
}
] |
The name Luddite was given after Ned Ludd, an apprentice who allegedly smashed two stocking frames in 1779 and whose name had become emblematic of machine destroyers.
| 0 | 0 |
Luddite
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "A month after he turned twelve in 1966, his 37-year-old mother died of leukemia."
}
] |
kX9lt8PtHBnjGbZQQ9ey
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Illness and death",
"text": "Doctors said that the extremely aggressive cancer was inoperable and Carter would undergo other treatment methods to shrink his tumor."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Illness and death",
"text": "Even as he battled an aggressive form of brain cancer, Carter did not miss Opening Day for the college baseball team he coached."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Athletic at a young age, Carter - along with four other boys - won the 7-year-old category of the first national Punt, Pass, and Kick skills competition in 1961."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Illness and death",
"text": "Thank You!\" and contains an image of a baseball overlaid with Carter's retired number 8."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career | Hall of Fame",
"text": "The New York City media strongly supported Carter's preference to go into the Hall as a Met."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career | Hall of Fame",
"text": "While the Mets have not retired number eight, it has remained unused since Carter's election to the Hall of Fame in 2003."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Illness and death",
"text": "Nine days later, the Mets announced that they were adding a memorial patch to their uniforms in Carter's honor for the entire 2012 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Illness and death",
"text": "Carter's widow Sandy and daughter Kimmy were present on field for an emotional video tribute and the unveiling of the banner on the outfield wall, which reads \"Merci!"
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Montreal Expos | 1984 season",
"text": "Carter's league leading 106 RBIs, 159 games played, .294 batting average, 175 hits and 290 total bases were personal highs."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Montreal Expos | Expos catcher",
"text": "Pierre Elliott Trudeau, then prime minister of Canada, once remarked of Carter's popularity saying \"I am certainly happy that I don't have to run for election against Gary Carter."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "A month after he turned twelve in 1966, his 37-year-old mother died of leukemia."
}
] |
Carter's mom passed of cancer.
| 0 | 4 |
Gary Carter
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is the home stadium of two National Football League (NFL) franchises, the New York Giants and the New York Jets."
}
] |
kXRfKUX2i2tM5Ok3JzBE
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "MetLife Stadium is an American sports stadium located at the Meadowlands Sports Complex in East Rutherford, New Jersey, 8 miles (13 km) west of New York City."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is the home stadium of two National Football League (NFL) franchises, the New York Giants and the New York Jets."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "MetLife Stadium is one of only two NFL stadiums shared by two clubs."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Originally known as New Meadowlands Stadium upon opening in 2010, its naming rights were acquired in 2011 by New York City-based insurance company MetLife."
},
{
"section_header": "Notable events | Super Bowl XLVIII",
"text": "However, NFL commissioner Roger Goodell waived this requirement and allowed MetLife Stadium on the ballot because of a \"unique, once-only circumstance based on the opportunity to celebrate the new stadium and the great heritage and history of the NFL in the New York region\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Technical agreements | Naming rights",
"text": "No agreement was reached and talks between Allianz and the teams ended on September 12, 2008.On June 27, 2011, it was reported that New York City-based insurance company MetLife entered discussions to purchase naming rights to the stadium."
},
{
"section_header": "Technical agreements | Lease terms",
"text": "The two teams formed the New Meadowlands Stadium Company, LLC (now MetLife Stadium Company), a 50/50 joint venture, to build and operate the stadium."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Additionally, it is the fourth building in the New York metropolitan area to be home to multiple teams from the same sports league, after the Polo Grounds, which was home to the baseball Giants and Yankees from 1903 to 1922, and Shea Stadium, which housed both the Yankees and Mets during the 1974 and 1975 seasons."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The Jets then entered into a joint venture with the Giants to build a new stadium in which the two teams would be equal partners."
},
{
"section_header": "Notable events | Firsts and notable moments",
"text": "December 24, 2011: The visiting Giants defeat the hosting Jets 29–14 in what is the biggest regular season match-up between the two New York teams in recent years, due to postseason implications for both sides."
}
] |
The American sports stadium MetLife is in New York City and is used by two NFL teams.
| 0 | 0 |
MetLife Stadium
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He is an honorary life president of the club."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "John owned Watford F.C. from 1976 to 1987 and from 1997 to 2002."
}
] |
kYAmEpYjDX8hKIjJZ5BW
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Elton John Band",
"text": "Current members Previous band members"
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Football",
"text": "John sold the club to Jack Petchey in 1987, but remained president."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Football",
"text": "Ten years later, John repurchased the club from Petchey and once again became chairman."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Football",
"text": "In 2005 and 2010, John held a concert at Watford's home stadium, Vicarage Road, and donated proceeds to the club."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Football",
"text": "He stepped down in 2002 when the club needed a full-time chairman, but continued as president."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Football",
"text": "John appointed Graham Taylor as manager and invested large sums of money as the club rose three divisions into the English First Division."
},
{
"section_header": "Honours and awards",
"text": "John was awarded Society of Singers Lifetime Achievement Award in 2005."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Football",
"text": "At their height, the club finished runners up in the First Division to Liverpool in 1983 and reaching the FA Cup Final at Wembley Stadium in 1984."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Football",
"text": "He has remained friends with a number of high-profile players in football, including Pelé and David Beckham."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Pub pianist to staff songwriter (1962–1969)",
"text": "Six months later, John began going by the name Elton John in homage to two members of Bluesology: saxophonist Elton Dean and vocalist Long John Baldry."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He is an honorary life president of the club."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "John owned Watford F.C. from 1976 to 1987 and from 1997 to 2002."
}
] |
Elton John is a lifetime member of the Tottenham Hotspur Football Club.
| 0 | 0 |
Elton John
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played in 21 MLB seasons, all with the Chicago White Sox."
}
] |
kYTSrb9PLYSCgbYvQFq6
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | Playing career",
"text": "In Lyons' 21 seasons with the Sox, they finished fifth or lower (in an eight-team league) 16 times, and never finished higher than third."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Playing career",
"text": "Lyons was at his crafty best in 1930, when he posted a 22–15 record and A.L.-leading totals of 29 complete games and 297⅔ innings for a team that finished 62–92."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Playing career",
"text": "Lyons broke into the major leagues in 1923 after playing collegiate baseball at Baylor University."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Playing career",
"text": "As Lyons aged, his career benefited from the White Sox' decision to never let him pitch more than 30 games per season from 1934 on."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Playing career",
"text": "In 1943, the White Sox announced that Lyons' jersey number would not be reissued."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Playing career",
"text": "Lyons never appeared in a postseason game, as the generally mediocre-to-poor White Sox were usually far behind the American League leaders during his career."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Playing career",
"text": "On August 21, 1926, Lyons no-hit the Boston Red Sox 6–0 at Fenway Park; the game took just 1 hour and 45 minutes to complete (Ted Lyons August 21, 1926 No-hitter Box Score)."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Playing career",
"text": "Lyons made the most of his unusual scheduling, winning 52 of 82 decisions from 1939 until 1942."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Playing career",
"text": "Lyons made a brief return to the mound in 1946, with a 2.32 ERA in five games, all complete."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Playing career",
"text": "New York Yankees manager Joe McCarthy said, \"If (Lyons had) pitched for the Yankees, he would have won over 400 games.\" Lyons was a better than average hitting pitcher in his 21-year major league career, posting a .233 batting average (364-for-1563) with 162 runs, 49 doubles, 9 triples, 5 home runs, 149 RBI and 73 bases on balls."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played in 21 MLB seasons, all with the Chicago White Sox."
}
] |
Lyons played his whole career with the same team.
| 1 | 3 |
Ted Lyons
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Time magazine named Blanchett one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2007 and in 2018, she was ranked among the highest-paid actresses in the world."
}
] |
kYanAr4QtLhHm2ihVb1J
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "You could be Joan Crawford and Bette Davis and work well into your 50s, because you were lit and made into a goddess."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "One of Australia's most accomplished actresses, she is well known for her diverse roles in both blockbusters and independent films."
},
{
"section_header": "In the media",
"text": "Blanchett became brand ambassador for Giorgio Armani fragrances for women during 2013, being paid $10 million to do so."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2012–2016",
"text": "Allen's daughter Dylan Farrow has since criticized Blanchett and other actresses for working with Allen."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Time magazine named Blanchett one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2007 and in 2018, she was ranked among the highest-paid actresses in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Her Australian mother, June Gamble, worked as a property developer and teacher, and her American father, Robert DeWitt Blanchett, Jr., a Texas native, was a United States Navy Chief Petty Officer who later worked as an advertising executive."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2017–present",
"text": "That year, Forbes estimated her annual earning to be $12.5 million, and ranked her as the eighth highest-paid actress in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2012–2016",
"text": "In 2014, Blanchett co-starred with Matt Damon and George Clooney in the latter's film, The Monuments Men, based on the true story of a crew of art historians and museum curators who recover renowned works of art stolen by Nazis."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "In her late teens and early twenties, she worked at a nursing home in Victoria."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards",
"text": "Among her numerous accolades for her acting work, Blanchett has received two Academy Awards, three BAFTA Awards, three Critics' Choice Movie Awards, three Golden Globe Awards, three Independent Spirit Awards, three Screen Actors Guild Awards, four Helpmann Awards, six Australian Academy Awards, and awards from the Los Angeles Film Critics Association, National Board of Review, National Society of Film Critics, New York Film Critics Circle, and Venice Film Festival."
}
] |
Cate Blanchett is paid well for her film work.
| 0 | 0 |
Cate Blanchett
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Edward Trowbridge Collins Sr. (May 2, 1887 – March 25, 1951), nicknamed \"Cocky\", was an American professional baseball player, manager and executive."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played as a second baseman in Major League Baseball from 1906 to 1930 for the Philadelphia Athletics and Chicago White Sox."
}
] |
kYby1qXByBkj5byTrWZ4
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Philadelphia Athletics",
"text": "To retain Collins, Athletics manager Connie Mack offered his second baseman the longest guaranteed contract (five years) that had ever been offered to a player."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Under the win shares statistical rating system created by baseball historian and analyst Bill James, Collins was the greatest second baseman of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Philadelphia Athletics",
"text": "He would also be named the A's starting second baseman in 1909, a position he would play for the rest of his career, after seeing time at second, third, short, and the outfield the previous two seasons."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played as a second baseman in Major League Baseball from 1906 to 1930 for the Philadelphia Athletics and Chicago White Sox."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "His son, Eddie Jr., was an outfielder who played for Yale University."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Return to the Athletics",
"text": "He also holds major league records for career games (2,650), assists (7,630) and total chances (14,591) at second base, and ranks second in putouts (6,526)."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Return to the Athletics",
"text": "Upon his retirement, he ranked second in major league history in career games (2,826), walks (1,499) and stolen bases (744), third in runs scored (1,821), fourth in hits (3,315) and at bats (9,949), sixth in on-base percentage (.424), and eighth in total bases (4,268); he was also fourth in AL history in triples (187)."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Return to the Athletics",
"text": "Collins finished his career with 1,300 runs batted in."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Collins coached and managed in the major leagues after retiring as a player."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "When he signed with the Philadelphia organization, Collins was still a student at Columbia."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Edward Trowbridge Collins Sr. (May 2, 1887 – March 25, 1951), nicknamed \"Cocky\", was an American professional baseball player, manager and executive."
}
] |
Eddie Collins was called "cocky" and a second baseman.
| 0 | 0 |
Eddie Collins
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Prison and execution",
"text": "Atahualpa agreed to be baptized into the Catholic faith."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Spaniard Francisco Pizarro captured Atahualpa in November 1532 and used him to control the Inca Empire."
}
] |
kYstCIDEGEakenhFEldB
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Prison and execution",
"text": "Atahualpa agreed to be baptized into the Catholic faith."
},
{
"section_header": "Spanish conquest",
"text": "According to eyewitness accounts, Valverde spoke about the Catholic religion but did not deliver the requerimiento, a speech requiring the listener to submit to the authority of the Spanish Crown and accept the Christian faith."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Spaniard Francisco Pizarro captured Atahualpa in November 1532 and used him to control the Inca Empire."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "1502–26 July 1533) was the last Inca Emperor."
},
{
"section_header": "Pre-conquest",
"text": "The Spanish conquerors executed Atahualpa in July 1533."
},
{
"section_header": "Spanish conquest",
"text": "Atahualpa decided that the 168 Spaniards were not a threat to him and his 80,000 troops, so he sent word inviting them to visit Cajamarca and meet him, expecting to capture them."
},
{
"section_header": "Prison and execution",
"text": "Friar Vincente de Valverde, who had earlier offered his breviary to Atahualpa, intervened, telling Atahualpa that, if he agreed to convert to Catholicism, the friar could convince Pizarro to commute the sentence."
},
{
"section_header": "Inca Civil War",
"text": "But, the chronicler Miguel Cabello de Balboa said that this story of capture was improbable because if Atahualpa had been captured by Huáscar's forces, they would have executed him immediately."
},
{
"section_header": "Inca Civil War",
"text": "They captured Atoc, and later tortured and killed him."
},
{
"section_header": "Inca Civil War",
"text": "Atahualpa was captured and imprisoned in a “tambo” (roadside shelters built for the Chasqui) but succeeded in escaping."
}
] |
Atahualpa was captured by the Spaniards in 1533 and refused to convert into the Catholic faith.
| 0 | 5 |
Atahualpa
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | 1996–2000: Early years",
"text": "The band changed their name to Linkin Park, a play on and homage to Santa Monica's Lincoln Park, now called Christine Emerson Reed Park."
}
] |
kYvzgDTvm3yACZWYWe4V
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | 2011–2013: Living Things and Recharged",
"text": "The band also performed at the award ceremony on December 7, but lost the award to \"Cities\" by Beck."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1996–2000: Early years",
"text": "However, the label advised the band to change their name to avoid confusion with Hybrid."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2013–2015: The Hunting Party",
"text": "The first preview of the song came during Aoki's performance on February 28, 2015 at the Aragon Ballroom in Chicago, Illinois."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 2003, MTV2 named Linkin Park the sixth-greatest band of the music video era and the third-best of the new millennium."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and influence",
"text": "In 2003, MTV2 named Linkin Park the sixth-greatest band of the music video era and the third-best of the new millennium."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1996–2000: Early years",
"text": "The band then agreed on changing their name from Xero to Hybrid Theory; the newborn vocal chemistry between Shinoda and Bennington helped revive the band, inciting them to work on new material."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1996–2000: Early years",
"text": "The band changed their name to Linkin Park, a play on and homage to Santa Monica's Lincoln Park, now called Christine Emerson Reed Park."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1996–2000: Early years",
"text": "They initially wanted to use the name \"Lincoln Park\", however they changed it to \"Linkin\" to acquire the internet domain \"linkinpark.com\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2013–2015: The Hunting Party",
"text": "On November 9, 2014, MTV Europe named Linkin Park the \"Best Rock\" act of 2014 at their annual music awards ceremony."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 2014, the band was declared as \"The Biggest Rock Band in the World"
}
] |
The band is named after an area in the largest city in Illinois.
| 0 | 0 |
Linkin Park
|
Science
| 8 |
[
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "In August 2017, the University of Huddersfield renamed one of its campus buildings in her honour."
}
] |
kZE7vnDYbgOqWg8e1IlU
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "In August 2017, the University of Huddersfield renamed one of its campus buildings in her honour."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Formerly known as Canalside West, the Spärck Jones building houses the University's School of Computing and Engineering."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Spärck Jones worked at the Cambridge Language Research Unit from the late 1950s, then at Cambridge University Computer Laboratory from 1974 until her retirement in 2002."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "An annual British Computer Society Karen Spärck Jones lecture is named in her honour."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "One of her most important contributions was the concept of inverse document frequency (IDF) weighting in information retrieval, which she introduced in a 1972 paper."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Her father was Owen Jones, a lecturer in chemistry, and her mother was Ida Spärck, a Norwegian who moved to Britain during World War II leaving on one of the last boats out of Norway after the German invasion in 1940."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Honours",
"text": "Fellow of the British Academy, of which she was Vice-President in 2000–2002"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Honours",
"text": "Fellow of AAAI Fellow of ECCAI President of the Association for Computational Linguistics in 1994"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 2019, The New York Times published her belated obituary in its series Overlooked, calling her \"a pioneer of computer science for work combining statistics and linguistics, and an advocate for women in the field.\" From 2008, to recognize her achievements in the fields of IR and NLP, the Karen Spärck Jones Award is awarded to a new recipient with outstanding research in one or both of her fields."
}
] |
In 2018, the University of Manchester renamed one of its campus building in her honour.
| 2 | 8 |
Karen Sparck Jones
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "His father, Abraham Van Buren, was a descendant of Cornelis Maessen of the village of Buurmalsen in Netherlands, who had come to North America in 1631, and purchased a plot of land on Manhattan Island."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Van Buren was raised speaking primarily Dutch, and learned English at school; as of 2020, he remains the only President whose first language was not English."
}
] |
kZZcKELqWBD91eO2HYWc
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Later life | Retirement",
"text": "He is buried in the Kinderhook Reformed Dutch Church Cemetery, as are his wife Hannah, his parents, and his son Martin Van Buren Jr."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Like Van Buren, she was raised in a Dutch home in Valatie; she spoke primarily Dutch, and spoke English with a marked accent."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Van Buren was raised speaking primarily Dutch, and learned English at school; as of 2020, he remains the only President whose first language was not English."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Memorials and popular culture",
"text": "Van Buren's home in Kinderhook, New York, which he called Lindenwald, is now the Martin Van Buren National Historic Site."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency, 1837–1841 | Presidential election of 1840",
"text": "They threw such jabs as \"Van, Van, is a used-up man\" and \"Martin Van Ruin\" and ridiculed him in newspapers and cartoons."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Her second marriage produced five children, of which Martin was the third."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Van Buren was born into a family of Dutch Americans in Kinderhook, New York; he was the first President to have been born after the American Revolution — in which his father served as a Patriot — and is the only President to speak English as a second language."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Martin Van Buren ( van BEWR-ən; born Maarten Van Buren; December 5, 1782 – July 24, 1862) was an American statesman who served as the eighth president of the United States from 1837 to 1841."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "In 1776, he married Maria Hoes (or Goes) Van Alen (1746-1818) in the town of Kinderhook, also of Dutch extraction and the widow of Johannes Van Alen (1744-c. 1773)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1840, a surge of new voters — who nicknamed him \"Martin Van Ruin\" — helped turn out of office."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "His father, Abraham Van Buren, was a descendant of Cornelis Maessen of the village of Buurmalsen in Netherlands, who had come to North America in 1631, and purchased a plot of land on Manhattan Island."
}
] |
Martin Van Buren was Dutch descant.
| 0 | 0 |
Martin Van Buren
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Family",
"text": "The official Bob Marley website acknowledges 11 children."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Family",
"text": "David \"Ziggy\", born 17 October 1968, to Rita"
}
] |
kZy3KqwrMaj7WQxnJTYd
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Family",
"text": "Those listed on the official site are: Sharon, born 23 November 1964, daughter of Rita from a previous relationship but then adopted by Marley after his marriage with Rita Cedella born 23 August 1967, to Rita"
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Family",
"text": "Marley had many children: four with his wife Rita, two adopted from Rita's previous relationships, and several others with different women."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Family",
"text": "David \"Ziggy\", born 17 October 1968, to Rita"
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Family",
"text": "Stephanie, born 17 August 1974; according to Cedella Booker she was the daughter of Rita and a man called Ital with whom Rita had an affair, nonetheless, she was acknowledged as Bob's daughter Julian, born 4 June 1975, to Lucy Pounder"
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Family",
"text": "The official Bob Marley website acknowledges 11 children."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Robert \"Bob\" Nesta Marley, (6 February 1945 – 11 May 1981) was a Jamaican singer, songwriter and musician."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical career | 1976–79: Relocation to England",
"text": "Under the name Bob Marley and the Wailers 11 albums were released, four live albums and seven studio albums."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born in Nine Mile, British Jamaica, Marley began his professional musical career in 1963, after forming Bob Marley and the Wailers."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Family",
"text": "Stephen, born 20 April 1972, to Rita Robert \"Robbie\", born 16 May 1972, to Pat Williams"
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Family",
"text": "Bob Marley married Alpharita Constantia \"Rita\" Anderson in Kingston, Jamaica, on 10 February 1966."
}
] |
Bob Marley has a total of 11 kids with David "Ziggy" being the eldest after Sharon, born 23 November 1964, daughter of Rita from a previous relationship but then adopted by Marley.
| 0 | 0 |
Bob Marley
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Major themes",
"text": "One of the main themes of Eugene Onegin is the relationship between fiction and real life."
}
] |
kaA2G3mBuzWVXeDDd6ks
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Film, TV, Radio or theatrical adaptations | Film",
"text": "In 1919, a silent film Eugen Onegin, based on the novel, was produced in Germany."
},
{
"section_header": "Film, TV, Radio or theatrical adaptations | Opera",
"text": "The 1879 opera Eugene Onegin, by Tchaikovsky, based on the story, is perhaps the version that most people are familiar with."
},
{
"section_header": "Major themes",
"text": "One of the main themes of Eugene Onegin is the relationship between fiction and real life."
},
{
"section_header": "Main characters",
"text": "Eugene Onegin: A dandy from Saint Petersburg, about 26."
},
{
"section_header": "Translations | Into other languages | French",
"text": "There are at least eight published French translations of Eugene Onegin."
},
{
"section_header": "Translations | Into other languages | Japanese",
"text": "There are 6 or more Japanese translations of Eugene Onegin."
},
{
"section_header": "Film, TV, Radio or theatrical adaptations | Film",
"text": "In 1958, Lenfilm produced a TV film Eugene Onegin, which was not in fact a screen version of the novel, but a screen version of the opera Eugene Onegin by Tchaikovsky."
},
{
"section_header": "Film, TV, Radio or theatrical adaptations | Film",
"text": "One major difference from the novel is the duel: Onegin is presented as deliberately shooting to kill Lensky and is unrepentant at the end."
},
{
"section_header": "Translations | Into English | Arndt and Nabokov",
"text": "It is still considered one of the best translations."
},
{
"section_header": "Translations | Into other languages | Japanese",
"text": "The latest translation was one by Masao Ozawa, published in 1996, in which Ozawa attempted to translate Onegin into the form of Japanese poetry."
}
] |
Eugene Onegin is based on reality.
| 0 | 0 |
Eugene Onegin
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Born in Giddings, Texas, Smith began his career in black baseball's equivalent of the minor leagues with the Austin Black Senators in Austin, Texas."
}
] |
kaFWS92lr7cbqz9lXjn2
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 2001."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career and death",
"text": "It was not until 2001 that he was posthumously inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career and death",
"text": "Smith had a quiet, reserved temperament, but in his later years he stood up for Negro Leaguers in their struggle to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Born in Giddings, Texas, Smith began his career in black baseball's equivalent of the minor leagues with the Austin Black Senators in Austin, Texas."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Hilton Lee Smith (February 27, 1907 – November 18, 1983) was an American right-handed pitcher in Negro league baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career and death",
"text": "After retiring from baseball, Smith worked as a schoolteacher and later as a steel plant foreman."
},
{
"section_header": "Negro league career",
"text": "Often Paige would pitch the first three innings of a game, leaving Smith to pitch the remaining six."
},
{
"section_header": "Semi-pro career",
"text": "They had two children. From 1935 to 1936, Smith pitched for the Bismarck semi-professional team organized by Neil Churchill."
},
{
"section_header": "Negro league career",
"text": "From 1937 until his retirement in 1948, Smith was a star pitcher on the Monarchs."
},
{
"section_header": "Semi-pro career",
"text": "They returned to the national championship, where Smith won four games, but Bismarck failed to repeat as champions."
}
] |
Hilton Smith was a National Baseball Hall of Fame pitcher that started his professional career playing baseball in Austin, Texas.
| 2 | 6 |
Hilton Smith
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and amateur career",
"text": "He was named after his father, Cassius Marcellus Clay Sr. (1912–1990), who himself was named in honor of the 19th-century Republican politician and staunch abolitionist Cassius Marcellus Clay, also from the state of Kentucky."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | In the media and popular culture",
"text": "The Muhammad Ali effect, named after Ali, is a term that came into use in psychology in the 1980s, as he stated in The Greatest: My Own Story: \" I only said I was the greatest, not the smartest.\" According to this effect, when people are asked to rate their intelligence and moral behavior in comparison to others, people will rate themselves as more moral, but not more intelligent than others."
}
] |
kaervx7zVkgslghugPcG
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Vietnam War and resistance to the draft",
"text": "When notified of this status, Ali declared that he would refuse to serve in the army and publicly considered himself a conscientious objector."
},
{
"section_header": "Entertainment career | Acting",
"text": "In 1977 the book was adapted into a film called The Greatest, in which Ali played himself and Ernest Borgnine played Angelo Dundee."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | In the media and popular culture",
"text": "The Muhammad Ali effect, named after Ali, is a term that came into use in psychology in the 1980s, as he stated in The Greatest: My Own Story: \" I only said I was the greatest, not the smartest.\" According to this effect, when people are asked to rate their intelligence and moral behavior in comparison to others, people will rate themselves as more moral, but not more intelligent than others."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | In the media and popular culture",
"text": "Antoine Fuqua's documentary What's My Name: Muhammad Ali was released in 2019."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | In the media and popular culture",
"text": "Muhammad Ali's Greatest Fight dramatized the same aspect of Ali's life."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He converted to Islam and became a Muslim after 1961, and eventually took the name Muhammad Ali."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and amateur career",
"text": "He was named after his father, Cassius Marcellus Clay Sr. (1912–1990), who himself was named in honor of the 19th-century Republican politician and staunch abolitionist Cassius Marcellus Clay, also from the state of Kentucky."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Religion and beliefs | Affiliation with the Nation of Islam",
"text": "Aligning himself with the Nation of Islam, its leader Elijah Muhammad, and a narrative that labeled the white race as the perpetrator of genocide against African Americans made Ali a target of public condemnation."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional boxing | World heavyweight champion | Fights against Liston",
"text": "Soon after the Liston fight, Clay changed his name to Cassius X, and then later to Muhammad Ali upon converting to Islam and affiliating with the Nation of Islam."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional boxing | Later career",
"text": "I wrote to Angelo Dundee, Ali's trainer, his wife and Ali himself."
}
] |
Muhammad Ali is not his birth name and he considered himself the greatest.
| 0 | 0 |
Muhammad Ali
|
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