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# With Life and Soul
***Con alma y vida*** (With Life and Soul) is a 1970 Argentine film noir directed and written by David José Kohon and Norberto Aroldi and with music by Ástor Piazzolla.
The film received a positive review in *La Gaceta* and was awarded the 1971 Silver Condor Award for Best Director from the Argentinean Film Critics Association
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# Pepper and Red Pepper
***Pepper and Red Pepper*** (Spanish: *Pimienta y pimentón*) is a 1970 Argentine film featuring Luis Sandrini and José Marrone
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# Iduvoi
**Iduvai** is a village near Tiruppur in the south Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Iduvai is about 48 km from Coimbatore, 9 km from Tirupur, and 12 km from Palladam. It is located on Tirupur-Palladam State Highway 19.
## Demographics
The total population of this village is about 4,000--5,000. There are about 900--1000 families. The male to female ratio is 51:49. The literacy rate is 68.2%.
## Employment
The main occupation is weaving and farming. The majority of the people earn a living by going to Tiruppur to work. The main occupation of weaving is on the decline in the village. As of November 2012, there are only a handful of weavers weaving in the traditional way. The growth of power looms has still kept the weaving tradition alive in the village. Nowadays, few garment factories and sizing mills have started.
## Schools
Iduvai has six government schools and two matriculation schools:
- Wisdom Matriculation Hr sec school
- Govt High School, Iduvai
- Govt Elementary School, Iduvai
- Govt Elementary School, Attayampalayam
- Govt Elementary School, Chinnakalipalayam
- Govt Elementary School, Seeranampalayam
- Govt Elementary School, Bharathipuram
- Kamachiamman Matriculation school
## Connectivity
The nearest railway station is Tirupur which is 9 km away. The nearest airport is Coimbatore (CJB). Bus transport from Tirupur is serviced via Route numbers 2, 2B, 5D, 33 and P4
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# Joven, viuda y estanciera (1970 film)
***Joven, viuda y estanciera*** (English: *Young Widow and the Station Wagon*) is a 1970 Argentine film based on Claudio Martínez Payva\'s play of the same name. Produced in Eastmancolor, the film was directed by Julio Saraceni and written by Ariel Cortazzo. It stars Lolita Torres, Jorge Barreiro, Luis Landriscina, and Ignacio Quirós. The film was released in Argentina on September 24, 1970
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# Aed (god)
**Aed**, or **Aodh**, is the prince of the Daoine Sidhe and a god of the underworld in Irish mythology. He is known from inscriptions as the eldest son of Lir, High King of the Tuatha de Dannan, and Aoibh, a daughter of Bodb Dearg. Aed is elsewhere described in the *Dindsenchas* as being the Dagda\'s son and brother of Cermait and Aengus killed by Corchenn of Cruach for seducing Corchenn\'s wife.
## Etymology
Aed\'s name is derived from the Old Irish word for fire, derived from a Proto-Indo European verb meaning \"to burn\" or \"to kindle\". In the Dindsenchas, he is given the epithet \"of the wind-swift horses\" and called \"Aed Luirgnech,\" meaning \"big-shins\".
## Children of Lir {#children_of_lir}
According to tradition, Aoibh died in childbirth after bearing Lir four children (two sets of twins): Fionnuala and Aodh were the first pair and Fiachra and Conn were the second. Aoife, the second wife of Lir, and in some versions of the story, the sister of Aobh, was very jealous of the children and conspired to kill them on a journey to see Bodb Dearg, the King of the Tuatha de Dannan. But for love of the Children of Lir, the servants of Aoife would not slay the children, and so she cursed them to live as swans for 900 years: 300 upon Lough Derravaragh, 300 in the English Channel, and 300 on the Sea of Moyle.
Legend says they kept their voices and learned all the songs and tales of Ireland, as well as the many languages brought by travelers from distant places.
There are numerous variations on the culmination of the story after the breaking of Aoife\'s curse, and most are obviously influenced by stories from Christianity. For more on the story, see the article on the Children of Lir.
## Son of the Dagda {#son_of_the_dagda}
As the son of the Dagda, Aed, described as \"faultless\" and a bright-faced youth, was reportedly killed on Benn Bain Baith by Corrgend of Cruach, and buried at Ailech of Imchell. Corrgend killed Aed for having an affair with Corrgend\'s wife Tethra. Corrgend is described as a hero swift of hand and every man\'s foe, who could not find rest and refuge in fields, wood, sea, or anywhere under the white sun after killing Aed. The Dagda cursed Corrgend, so that he could not remove Aed\'s body from his back until he found an appropriate stone to mark Aed\'s grave. The Dagda, described as the king of the Tuatha Dé Danann, pursued Corggend until he was \"storm-beaten\", then forced Corggend to dig Aed\'s grave. Here Aed is explicitly described as son of the Dagda and brother of Aengus and Cermait
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# Live: Live Those Songs Again
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{{album chart|Billboard200|4|artist=Kenny Chesney|rowheader=true|accessdate=November 20, 2020}}
^
``
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# Mr. and Mrs. Juan Lamaglia
***Mr. and Mrs. Juan Lamaglia*** (Spanish:*Juan Lamaglia y señora*) is a 1970 Argentine film written by Héctor Grossi and Raúl de la Torre and directed by Raúl de la Torre.
It was released in Argentina on April 28, 1970.
Raúl de la Torre was awarded the Special Jury Award at the 1970 Mar del Plata Film Festival and the film itself won the Silver Condor for Best Film (*Mejor Película*) at the 1971 Argentine Film Critics Association Awards
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# Robert de Neubourg
**Robert I de Neubourg** (died 1159) was an Anglo-Norman aristocrat.
He was the fourth son of Henry de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Warwick, and inherited his father\'s Normandy lands, holding Neubourg (today Le Neubourg, near Louviers, Eure) from Waleran de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Worcester, a Beaumont family cousin, as Comte de Meulan. He was Sire du Ponteaudemer, and acquired other lands at Winfrith, Dorset. He took part in the Norman rebellion of 1118--1119, against Henry I of England, around William Clito. The immediate issue was a conflict with his feudal overlord, Waleran. He rebelled for a short time only, being burnt out of Neubourg. It was only in the early 1140s that Robert and Waleran resolved their difficulties formally.
Later he was steward, justiciar and seneschal of Normandy under Henry II of England.
## Family
He could have married Godehilde of Tosny (or Conches). William of Jumièges mentions this marriage and states that she was the daughter of Raoul II de Tosny. However, Godehilde was married to Baldwin I of Jerusalem, and it is highly possible that this was a mistake on William\'s part. His eldest son Henry de Neubourg (c. 1130 - 1214) inherited his lands in Normandy, while his younger son Roger de Newburgh (c. 1135 - 1192) inherited his lands in Dorset. Roger was responsible for the relocation of Bindon Abbey to Wool. Henry\'s lands were inherited by his brother Roger\'s son, Robert II de Neubourg (c. 1175 -- c. 1260)
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# KRDE
**KRDE** (94.1 FM) is a radio station licensed to San Carlos, Arizona, United States. The station broadcasts a country format branded as \"94.1 The Ride\".
KRDE rimshots the East Valley of the Phoenix market. The station also is an affiliate of Fox News Radio and the Arizona News Network.
## History
In 1990, the FCC approved a construction permit to build a station at 97.3 in Claypool, Arizona, with the **KRXS-FM** call letters. Initially built to cover the immediate Claypool area, it relocated to Pinal Peak in 1996. This move made the station a weak rimshot into the East Valley. In 1999, KRXS was authorized to increase its power.
In 2004, KRXS-FM was granted a construction permit to change frequencies to 94.1 MHz. On March 14, 2005, KRXS-FM became **KRDE** \"94.1 The Ride\"
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# Bolečica
The **Bolečica** (`{{lang-sr-Cyrl|Болечица}}`{=mediawiki}) is a short river in north-central Serbia, a 12 km-long right tributary to the Danube. During its entire flow it runs through the suburban section of Belgrade and despite being short it flows through the three Belgrade\'s municipalities, next to the half dozen of suburbs of Belgrade (giving its name to one of them) with a total population of 35,000 and is a route to important roads.
## Course
Bolečica originates in the northern, low Šumadija region, between two \"Belgrade mountains\", Avala and Kosmaj, on the slopes of the Begaljica Hill, at an altitude of 105 meters. Originally, it flows to the north along the eastern slopes of the Avala, crossing between the municipalities of Grocka and Voždovac, next to the villages of Vrčin and Zuce, where it receives the *Vranovac* creek from the right and enters the valley of Bubanj Potok where it marks the eastern border of the woods of Stepin Lug, turns to the north-east through the southernmost tip of the municipality of Zvezdara (for some 300 meters) and receives two more creeks from the left, *Bubanj Potok* and *Zavojnička reka*. Bolečica continues through the southern section of Leštane, where it receives the creek of *Kaluđerički potok* from the left and forms the border between the four suburbs area: Leštane, Boleč, Ritopek and Vinča (where it receives the creek of *Makački potok* from the left), where it empties into the Danube by a small estuary at an altitude of 68 meters, just east of Belo Brdo, the archeological find of the Vinča culture.
## Characteristics
The majority of the Bolečica\'s flow has been channeled, mostly in the Bubanj Potok-Leštane section. For that purpose, the river bed has been concreted and moved to the west, so the river is now further away from Boleč, which was named after the river. It enabled for a usually minor water flow to conduct abundantly larger quantities of water during heavy rains and floods. However, the final 3 kilometers of the river, through Vinča, has not been channeled, so with the growth of the Danube\'s level, the water overflows the estuary preventing the waters drained by Bolečica to flow into the Danube (inverse flow). As a result, during high levels, Bolečica overspills itself, sometimes causing the traffic breach on a major roads that cross over the river, like *Kružni put* and *Smederevski put*.
Due to the much larger impact the river has on Leštane than it has on Boleč, through which it basically doesn\'t flow, some of the geographers tend to call the river **Leštanska reka** (`{{Cyrl|Лештанска река}}`{=mediawiki}, `{{lit|Leštane river}}`{=mediawiki}) but the name has not been accepted officially neither among the local population.
A short valley of Bolečica, which can be divided in two sections, Vrčin-Bubanj Potok and Bubanj Potok- Leštane-Vinča is a natural route for several important transportation lines:
- the Belgrade-Požarevac railway
- the *Kružni put*, major road in the southern outskirts of Belgrade which begins almost 30 kilometers to the west, at Ostružnica
- the section of *Smederevski put*, the major road which connects Belgrade and Smederevo
- the section of the Belgrade-Niš highway, at Bubanj Potok
Bolečica is bridged by the *Kružni put* in Leštane and by the *Smederevski put*, near the crossroad with *Kružni put*. Works on building additional 3 kilometers of the road from that point to the river\'s mouth into the Danube are halted in 2006. However, this section of the Bolečica\'s valley is projected route of the future modern highway which should begin at the Bubanj Potok highway crossroad and continue through the projected bridge Vinča-Omoljica into the province of Vojvodina. Despite frequent discussion by the city government on this subject, no projects have been accepted so far.
The name of the river means literally \"(the water) that cures the illness\" (Serbian: *bol*, ilneess, pain and *lečiti*, to heal, to cure). Today however, the river is highly polluted, becoming merely an open sewage canal. Dumping of the sewage begins already at Vrčin, and the sewages of all the adjoining settlements, even much larger and distant Kaluđerica. As of March 2007, the projected sewage collector is still not finished. In addition, Bolečica flows through two emerging industrial zones, those of Bubanj Potok and Leštane. The dumping of industrial waste contributed to the demise of the wildlife in the river, which until the late 1990s was clear brook with small fishes and frogs, but today is dead, murky and full of waste deposits and not suitable even for the industrial use anymore.
In March 2019, the environmentalists described the Bolečica as \"less of a watercourse, more of a sewage watershed\"
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# Sylvia Sleigh
**Sylvia Sleigh** (8 May 1916 -- 24 October 2010) was a Welsh-born naturalised American realist painter who lived and worked in New York City. She is known for her role in the feminist art movement and especially for reversing traditional gender roles in her paintings of nude men, often using conventional female poses from historical paintings by male artists like Diego Vélazquez, Titian, and Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres. Her most well-known subjects were art critics, feminist artists, and her husband, Lawrence Alloway.
## Early life and education {#early_life_and_education}
Sleigh was born in Llandudno, and raised in England. She studied at the Brighton School of Art. For a time, she worked at a clothing shop in Bond Street, where she recalled \"undressing Vivien Leigh\". Sleigh later opened her own business in Brighton, England, where she made hats, coats, and dresses until she closed her shop at the start of World War II. She returned to painting and moved to London in 1941 after marrying her first husband, an English painter named Michael Greenwood. Her first solo exhibition was in 1953 at the Kensington Art Gallery in London. Sleigh met her second husband, Lawrence Alloway, an English curator and art critic, while taking evening classes to study art history at the University of London; they married in 1954 and moved to the United States in 1961. The following year, Alloway became a curator at the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum.
## Work and feminism {#work_and_feminism}
### Male nudes {#male_nudes}
Around 1970, from feminist principles, she painted a number of works reversing stereotypical artistic themes by featuring nude men in poses that were traditionally associated with women, like the reclining Venus or odalisque. Some directly alluded to existing works, such as *Philip Golub Reclining* (1971), which appropriates the pose of the *Rokeby Venus* by Diego Velázquez. The model was the son of the artists Nancy Spero and Leon Golub. This work also presents a reversal of the male-artist/female-muse pattern typical of the Western canon and is reflective of research into the position of women throughout the history of art as model, mistress, and muse, but rarely as artist−genius. Unlike earlier male artists, Sleigh individualized her nude subjects instead of representing them as generalized types.
*The Turkish Bath* (1973), a similarly gender-reversed version of Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres\'s painting of the same name, depicts a group of artists and art critics, including her husband, Lawrence Alloway (reclining at the lower right), Carter Ratcliff, John Perreault, and Scott Burton. Also shown are two views of Sleigh\'s frequent model, Paul Rosano. One pose borrowed directly from Ingres\'s painting is found in the figure of Rosano, seated on the left and playing a guitar with his back turned to the viewer. Alloway reclines in the conventional pose of an odalisque. Ingres\'s painting has many nude women but Sleigh minimized the number and painted only six men. She carefully painted individual body hairs. Over the course of her career, Sleigh painted more than thirty works that feature her husband as a subject. While somewhat idealized, Sleigh\'s figures remain highly individualized. She often used her husband and friends as models because they were important to her.
In her male nudes, the subject \"is used as a vehicle to express erotic feelings, just as male artists have always used the female nude\". In works such as *Paul Rosano Reclining* (1974) and *Imperial Nude: Paul Rosano* (1975), Sleigh portrayed her male subjects in stereotypical female poses in order to comment on past biases in which male artists have depicted sexualized female nudes.
Other works equalize the roles of men and women, such as *Concert Champêtre* (1976), in which all of the figures are nude, unlike its similarly composed namesake by Titian (earlier credited to Giorgione), in which only the women are unclothed. As Sleigh explained, \"I feel that my paintings stress the equality of men and women (women and men). To me, women were often portrayed as sex objects in humiliating poses. I wanted to give my perspective. I liked to portray both man and woman as intelligent and thoughtful people with dignity and humanism that emphasized love and joy.\" Likewise, her painting of Lilith (1976), created as a component of *The Sister Chapel*, a collaborative installation that premiered in 1978, depicts the superimposed bodies of a man and woman to emphasize the fundamental similarities between the two genders.
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# Sylvia Sleigh
## Work and feminism {#work_and_feminism}
### Feminist activism {#feminist_activism}
In 1972, Sylvia Sleigh played a significant role in securing a venue and serving as a juror for *Women Choose Women*, a major exhibition of more than 100 works by female artists at the New York Cultural Center in January and February 1973.
Sleigh was a founding member of the all-women, artist-run SOHO 20 Gallery (est. 1973) and later joined the all-women cooperative A.I.R. Gallery (est. 1972), which opened a year before SOHO 20 and inspired its organizational structure. Sleigh painted group portraits of the artists in both organizations. The *SoHo 20 Gallery Group Portrait* was painted in 1974. Her *A.I.R. Group Portrait* (1977--78) is considered to be a document of the feminist movement, especially the centering of women in cooperative galleries. Among the feminist artists in *A.I.R. Group Portrait* are Nancy Spero, Howardena Pindell, Agnes Denes, Sari Dienes, Blythe Bohnen, Dotty Attie, and Mary Beth Edelson. Sleigh painted herself standing next to Howardena Pindell. Between 1976 and 2007, Sleigh painted a series of 36-inch portraits which feature women artists and writers, including Helène Aylon, Catharine R. Stimpson, Howardena Pindell, Selina Trieff, and Vernita Nemec.
In a 2007 interview with Brian Sherwin, Sleigh was asked if gender equality issues in the mainstream art world, and the world in general, had changed for the better. She answered, \"I do think things have improved for women in general there are many more women in government, in law and corporate jobs, but it\'s very difficult in the art world for women to find a gallery.\" According to Sleigh, there is still more that needs to be done in order for men and women to be treated as equals in the art world.
During the last two decades of her life, Sleigh purchased or negotiated trades of over 100 works of art by other women and exhibited her growing collection at SOHO 20 Gallery in 1999. These included paintings, sculptures, and prints by Cecile Abish, Dotty Attie, Helène Aylon, Blythe Bohnen, Louise Bourgeois, Ann Chernow, Rosalyn Drexler, Martha Edelheit, Audrey Flack, Shirley Gorelick, Nancy Grossman, Pegeen Guggenheim, Nancy Holt, Lila Katzen, Irene Krugman, Diana Kurz, Marion Lerner-Levine, Vernita Nemec, Betty Parsons, Ce Roser, Susan Sills, Michelle Stuart, Selina Trieff, Audrey Ushenko, Sharon Wybrants, and many others. In 2011, the Sylvia Sleigh Collection was donated to the Rowan University Art Gallery and forms the core of its permanent collection.
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# Sylvia Sleigh
## Work and feminism {#work_and_feminism}
### *Invitation to a Voyage* {#invitation_to_a_voyage}
In 2006, Sylvia Sleigh donated her largest painting, *Invitation to a Voyage: The Hudson River at Fishkill* (1979--1999), to the Hudson River Museum. In fourteen panels totaling 70 feet in length, Sleigh\'s panorama occupies two walls when exhibited. She was inspired by the pastoral works of Antoine Watteau, Giorgione, and Édouard Manet. Included are Sleigh\'s husband, Lawrence Alloway, and a group of friends who were mostly artists and art critics. They are picnicking, posing, painting, and interacting against the backdrop of the Hudson River and the nearby woods. The \"Riverside\" and \"Woodside\" sections, each consisting of seven panels, are exhibited opposite each other for an immersive experience.
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# Sylvia Sleigh
## Recognition
Between 1953 and 2010, Sylvia Sleigh had more than 45 solo exhibitions at colleges and universities, professional art galleries, and museums, most notably at Douglass College, University of Rhode Island, Ohio State University, Northwestern University, Philadelphia Art Alliance, Milwaukee Art Museum, and Butler Institute of American Art. A posthumous traveling solo exhibition was held at the Kunstnernes Hus in Oslo, Kunsthalle Sankt Gallen in Switzerland, CAPC musée d\'art contemporain de Bordeaux, and the Tate Liverpool between 2012 and 2013.
Sleigh\'s work is in the permanent collections of the National Portrait Gallery in London, Art Institute of Chicago, National Museum of Women in the Arts, Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, Akron Art Museum, and others.
Sleigh taught at the State University of New York at Stony Brook in 1978 and at the New School for Social Research from 1974 until 1977 and between 1978 and 1980. As a visiting professor of painting, Sleigh was awarded the Edith Kreeger Wolf Distinguished Professorship at Northwestern University in 1977. She received a grant from the National Endowment for the Arts in 1982 and a Pollock-Krasner Foundation Grant in 1985.
In February 2008, Sleigh was interviewed by Lynn Hershman Leeson, who included a portion of the interview in her documentary *!Women Art Revolution*.
In 2008, Sleigh was honored with the Distinguished Artist Award for Lifetime Achievement by the College Art Association. She was similarly recognized by the Women\'s Caucus for Art, which posthumously awarded Sleigh the organization\'s Lifetime Achievement Award in 2011. She died of complications from a stroke in October 2010.
Sleigh\'s work was included in the exhibition *Women Painting Women* (2022) at the Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth and *Framing the Female Gaze: Women Artists and the New Historicism* (2023) at Lehman College Art Gallery, where her work was the \"touchstone\" for the exhibition
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# Bergtheim
**Bergtheim** is a municipality in the district of Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany
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# Cathal mac Conchobair
**Cathal mac Conchobair** (died 925) was King of Connacht.
## Family background {#family_background}
Cathal was the third son of Conchobar mac Taidg Mór (died 882) to rule Connacht, following his older brother Áed mac Conchobair (died 888) and youngest brother Tadg mac Conchobair (died 900). There may have been a fourth brother, Máel Cluiche mac Conchobair, who died in battle in 913.
They belonged to the Síl Muiredaig branch of Uí Briúin Ai kindred. The Uí Briúin Ai claimed descent from Brion, an older brother of Niall of the Nine Hostages, and the kingship of Connacht alternated irregularly between the Síl Muiredaig and the Síl Cathail branches of the kindred. By Cathal\'s time, the Síl Cathail were all but excluded from the succession.
## King of Connacht {#king_of_connacht}
On becoming king, Cathal was faced with a demand from Flann Sinna (died 916), the High King of Ireland, for acknowledgement of his authority. This was agreed in a meeting at Clonmacnoise in 900, and Cathal is found frequently fighting alongside and on behalf of Flann.
## The Munster Wars {#the_munster_wars}
War broke out between the high king and the King of Munster, Cormac mac Cuilennáin (died 908) and Cathal became caught up in this as an ally of Flann Sinna. In 907, the forces of Munster campaigned against the Connachta as far as Mag nAí (in central modern County Roscommon) and the Ui Neill and took the hostages of Connacht. These forces included a naval force operating on the Shannon. In 908, however, the forces of the high king which included Cathal defeated and crushed the forces of Munster at the Battle of Bellaghmoon in Mag Ailbe (Ballaghmoon, in northern modern County Carlow) and Cormac was slain.
## Connacht invaded {#connacht_invaded}
In 913, Niall Glúndub (died 919) of the Cenél nEógain of the northern Ui Neill began to make his bid to be recognized as heir to the high Kingship. He invaded Connacht and defeated the men of North Connacht (Uí Amalgada and the men of Umall). Cathal\'s brother was slain in this affair. Niall became high king in 916.
## Defeat of Donnchad Donn {#defeat_of_donnchad_donn}
The next high king Donnchad Donn (died 944) of Meath invaded Connacht in 922. His forces were however defeated in the wilderness of Áth Luain (Athlone). Whether this was the usual attempt of a new high king to impose his authority on Connacht or directed against the intense Viking activity on the Shannon at this time is not mentioned. The King of Aidne, Mael son of Duí had been killed by Vikings that year
## Death of the Tainist of Connacht {#death_of_the_tainist_of_connacht}
The death of Cathal\'s heir is mentioned in the annals in 923. According to *The Annals of Ulster* this was Máel Cluiche who was treacherously killed, however his death is mentioned in 913 in this annal. *The Annals of the Four Masters* give his heir the name Indrechtach and state he was another son of Conchobar. This same Indrechtach was found operating a fleet with the men of Meath on Loch Derg clearing out the Munster fleet from the Shannon.
## Death and succession {#death_and_succession}
Cathal died in 925 in penitence. Cathal was succeed on his death by his son Tadg in Túir (died 956), who was succeeded in his turn by Fergal ua Ruairc (died 967) of the rising Uí Briúin Bréifne branch of the Uí Briúin
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# Charles Pereira
**Sir Herbert Charles Pereira** FRS (12 May 1913 -- 19 December 2004) was a British hydrologist.
He was born in London but spent his early years in Saskatchewan on an Indian Reservation. He was educated there, then at St Albans School and the University of London, where he graduated in mathematics and physics.
After postgraduate research at Rothamsted Experimental Station he gained his PhD in 1940. During the war he served in the Middle East and then in Italy, where he put his skills in hydrology to good use. Thereafter he went to Africa and in 1966 was awarded the Haile Selassie Prize for his research. On returning to England he worked at the East Malling Research Station in Kent, his research being written up in *Land Use and Water Resources* during a year at the University of Cambridge. In 1973 he was appointed Chief Scientist for the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food.
He was elected Fellow of the Royal Society in 1969 and was knighted in 1977. He died on 19 December 2004 of a stroke
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# Fousque
***Fousque*** is an album by Slowblow, released in 1996. The album was originally released in fall 1996 at Sirkafúsk Records and was re-released by Smekkleysa in 2004. The vocals on \"7-up Days\" were by Emilíana Torrini.
## Track listing {#track_listing}
1. \"Dusty Couch\" - 2:35
2. \"7-up Days\" - 3:48
3. \"Fever\" - 4:05
4. \"Broken Watch\" - 2:26
5. \"Ghost of Me\" - 3:59
6. \"La Luna E Bianca\" - 1:57
7. \"Sack the Organist\" - 2:28
8. \"Farm Song\" - 3:48
9. \"Surf\" - 3:02
10
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# Orange Merwin
**Orange Merwin** (April 7, 1777 -- September 4, 1853) was a United States representative from Connecticut. He was born in Merryall, Connecticut and attended the common schools. He later engaged in agricultural pursuits.
Merwin was a member of the Connecticut House of Representatives 1815-1820 and was a delegate to the Connecticut constitutional convention in 1818. He later served in the Connecticut Senate 1821-1825. He was also a member of the committee of twenty-four to draft the state constitution.
Merwin was elected as an Adams candidate to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1825 -- March 3, 1829). He was not a candidate for renomination in 1828. He resumed agricultural pursuits and was an unsuccessful candidate for Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut in 1831. He died in New Milford, Connecticut in 1853 and was buried in Center Cemetery
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# Łysica
**Łysica** `{{IPAc-pl|'|ł|y|'|ś|i|c|a}}`{=mediawiki} is the highest mountain in the Świętokrzyskie Mountains of Poland. Its height is 614 m. It is located in the Świętokrzyski National Park and there is an abbey below it, on a site that might have been a pagan temple in the times before Christianization of Poland.
Łysica, which is also called Góra Świętej Katarzyny (St. Catherine\'s Mountain) lies in western part of the Łysogóry range, near the village of Święta Katarzyna. It belongs to the so-called Crown of Polish Mountains ("Korona Gór Polskich"), as it is the highest mountain of Holy Cross Mountains. Łysica has two peaks - western (613 m) and eastern Skała Agaty (eng. Agatha\'s Rock) or Zamczysko (614 m).
The mountain is made of quartzite and slate, its northern and southern slopes are marked by the stone run. Furthermore, on the southern slope, at the height of 590 meters, there is a small bog. Most of Łysica is covered by a forest, near the peak there are fir trees, below which are beeches. Łysica is inhabited by birds of prey, such as the lesser spotted eagle, the Eurasian sparrowhawk, and the Eurasian hobby
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# Bajo el signo de la patria
***Bajo el signo de la patria*** is a 1971 Argentine drama film directed by René Múgica and written by Isaac Aisemberg. The film premiered in Argentina on 20 May 1971
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# El Caradura y la millonaria
***El Caradura y la millonaria***, also known as ***No estoy enamorada de tí, pero te quiero***. is a 1971 Argentine comedy film directed by Enrique Cahen Salaberry. It was one of several films by Cahen Salaberry after his return from Spain to Argentine cinema in the 1960s. The screenplay was written by Luis Cesar Amadori and Antonio Botta. It is a remake of the 1938 film *El canillita y la dama*. The film premiered on 6 March 1971, and starred Juan Carlos Altavista and María Vaner, with Vaner performing her own songs.
## Plot
A wealthy man repents and traces his son from his first wife whom he abandoned while pregnant
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# Paulette Frankl
**Paulette Frankl** (born 25 February 1937) is an American courtroom artist and author.
## Biography
Frankl was born in California and attended Stanford University, where she majored in art and languages.
Frankl exhibited her first artwork in Los Angeles, California, at age 7 in a joint show with her father, Paul T. Frankl, an Art Deco furniture designer and architect. She worked with author Christopher Long, sharing documents, photos, and family background for a 2007 biography of her father.
## Courtroom art and paintings {#courtroom_art_and_paintings}
Her courtroom sketches, drawings and paintings from both federal and superior cases have aired on CNN, NBC, ABC, CBS, Fox, WGN-TV and \"Talk America\" and have taken her to the U.S. Supreme Court. In 2008, Frankl was included in a feature story by photographer David Friedman about courtroom artists and their work outside the courtroom.
Frankl has authored a biography titled *Lust for Justice* about J. Tony Serra, a radical civil rights, criminal defense attorney and tax resister, about whom the 1989 film *True Believer* starring James Woods and Robert Downey, Jr. was based. The book, which launched in San Francisco in November 2010, includes Frankl\'s original courtroom art done during Serra\'s trials. The *San Francisco Chronicle* called the book a reflection \"on the work of a larger-than-life persona.\"
Her paintings were included in 2005 in a two-month-long Las Vegas Art Museum exhibit titled \"XV Santa Fe Artists.\" In October 2004, she was a featured artist, with her art on display, at the Las Vegas Fine Arts Salon, as part of the 2004 Las Vegas Book Festival.
## Photography
Frankl has worked as a photojournalist for international magazines and has lived in the U.S. and Europe. Her work includes a cover photo on France\'s *Réalités magazine*. Also, while overseas, she worked as a staff photographer for Gruner & Jahr\'s *Twen* and *Eltern* magazines. The German *GEO Magazine* in the 1970s profiled Frankl\'s lifestyle in California, and she was also featured in *Sunset* magazine. Her photos are also featured inside and on the cover of *The Lost Dogs of Shoretown: A Koko the Canine Detective Mystery* by Annie Mack about the coastal village of Bolinas, where Frankl lived for nine years and from where she commuted to San Francisco courthouses as a courtroom artist. Frankl also illustrated the 1993 book *Animals\... Our Return to Wholeness* by Penelope Smith.
## Mime
Frankl also has worked as a performance artist in the fields of magic and pantomime. Her association with Marcel Marceau as collaborator and muse spanned 30 years, resulting in a memoir *Marcel & Me*, released in 2014. Her appearance doing mime and magic at Carnival of Venice in the late 1970s was featured on Italian television. In 2006, she completed the Bob Fitch Performance Workshop Theater Training for Magicians, held in Canada.
## Personal life {#personal_life}
She is the daughter of art deco furniture designer Paul T. Frankl, granddaughter of a land speculator in Vienna, Austria, and the mother of Nicolas Koenig, a creative director for theme parks and interactive game design. Frankl lives in Santa Fe, New Mexico.
## Books
- *Lust for Justice: The Radical Life & Law of J
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# The Hippie Family
***The Hippie Family*** (***La familia hippie***) is a 1971 Argentine musical comedy film by Enrique Carreras. It stars Ángel Magaña and Palito Ortega. Not being a movie about \'hippies\' as such, the title refers to the portrayal of a family in which mother and daughter are pregnant simultaneously. The movie is a remake of the 1955 production *La Cigüeña dijo sí*, both films are based on a play by Carlos Llopis
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# Load balancing (electrical power)
**Load balancing**, **load matching**, or **daily peak demand reserve** refers to the use of various techniques by electrical power stations to store excess electrical power during low demand periods for release as demand rises. The aim is for the power supply system to have a load factor of 1.
Grid energy storage stores electricity within the transmission grid beyond the customer. Alternatively, the storage can be distributed and involve the customer, for example in storage heaters running demand-response tariffs such as the United Kingdom\'s Economy 7, or in a vehicle-to-grid system to use storage from electric vehicles during peak times and then replenish it during off peak times. These require incentives for consumers to participate, usually by offering cheaper rates for off peak electricity.
## Batteries and smart grid {#batteries_and_smart_grid}
Telephone exchanges often have arrays of batteries in their basements to power equipment and in the past metro systems such as the London Underground had their own power stations, not only giving some redundancy but also using the grid for load balancing. Today these supplies often have been replaced by direct supply from the grid and so are no longer available for the purpose of load balancing.
Solutions to the load balancing problem focus on \"smart grid\" technology, in which many consumer and industrial appliances would communicate with the utility using digital means, and could be switched on and off by the utility to run at off-peak hours.
In a very basic demand balancing system, the power company sends a signal down the line or by a dedicated phone chip to turn on a special circuit in the home. Typically, a storage device for space heating or a water heater will be connected to this circuit. The electricity is turned on after the evening peak demand, and turned off in the morning before the morning peak demand starts. The cost for such power is less than the \"on-demand\" power which makes it worthwhile for the user to subscribe to it.
A nuanced system is possible with benefits for the power company and the electricity user. Once home devices contain the appropriate electronics, it will no longer be necessary to have devices connected to a special circuit. The power company can send a signal saying that power is now available at a better rate and this signal will turn on any device (dish washer for instance) that has the dial set for \"when available\" power (priority 2). Manufacturers can provide priority settings on their machines and the power company sending a number of signals as they need more demand to balance supply, or set the machine for lower priority to use lower cost energy. An electric car might even have a setting for \"charge and supply\"; charging when electricity is least expensive and returning energy when it is most expensive.
The power company benefits by selling more energy; consumer devices can receive signals via the internet when excess power is available, or when it is more expensive. Demand Side Response lessens the need to run expensive \"peaking capacity\" power stations when there is a high demand for power, and can encourage use when surplus electricity is available.
Vehicle-to-grid is a system under development allowing electric cars to provide power to the grid at times of high demand, low supply from e.g. wind and solar power and therefore high prices, and charge the car again when the price is lower, based on the energy need the car owner has defined in the car settings (such as need for long distance drive next morning or only short work commuting)
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# The Tall Blond Man with One Black Shoe
***The Tall Blond Man with One Black Shoe*** (*Le Grand Blond avec une chaussure noire*) is a 1972 French spy comedy film directed by Yves Robert and written by Robert and Francis Veber, starring Pierre Richard, Bernard Blier, Jean Rochefort and Mireille Darc. Richard reprised his role as François Perrin in the sequel, *The Return of the Tall Blond Man with One Black Shoe* (1974), as well as playing a character with the same name in *La Chèvre* (1981).
The film was remade in English as *The Man with One Red Shoe* (1985), starring Tom Hanks and Dabney Coleman.
## Plot
Bernard Milan, the second-in-command of France\'s Counter-Espionage department, is out to discredit his chief Louis Toulouse so that he can supplant him. When a French heroin smuggler who has been arrested in New York claims that the drug smuggling was a secret mission on the orders of French Counter-Espionage (actually on Milan\'s orders), the resulting negative press reflects on Toulouse, who cannot prove that Milan was responsible. In retaliation, Toulouse hatches a plot to deal with his ambitious subordinate: in a room which he knows is filled with hidden microphones, he sends his assistant Perrache to Orly Airport at 9:30AM the next morning, making Milan (who has been listening) believe that Perrache has gone to meet a master spy who will expose Milan\'s treachery. However, Toulouse secretly instructs Perrache to choose someone at random from the crowd of travelers arriving at that time.
After considering several possibilities, Perrache selects François Perrin, an unsuspecting violinist, who is noticeable because, as the result of a practical joke played on him by his fellow orchestra members, he has arrived wearing a black shoe on one foot and a reddish-brown one on the other. Milan takes the bait and immediately begins a series of attempts to discover what Perrin knows---never realizing the fact that Perrin knows nothing at all about espionage (although he is an expert on music). Milan\'s machinations place Perrin in a series of increasingly peculiar adventures which he either avoids or escapes from by pure luck (which only confirm Milan\'s increasingly paranoid suspicions), and although Perrin is largely oblivious to the mayhem occurring around him, he cannot help noticing Milan\'s top agent, the beautiful *femme fatale* Christine. Adding to the confusion is the fact that Perrin is having an affair with Paulette Lefebvre, the wife of his best friend Maurice (both of whom are musicians in the same orchestra as Perrin), and Maurice, upon accidentally hearing a recording of Perrin and Paulette having torrid sex (made by Milan\'s agents and listened to inside a floral delivery truck), mistakenly assumes that Paulette is having an affair with a florist. Toulouse and Perrache watch the unfolding chaos serenely, although Perrache is troubled by his chief\'s callousness toward the risk that Perrin might be killed.
Milan orders Christine to seduce Perrin and she greets him at her apartment\'s front door in a demure high-necked black-velvet dress, then turns around and shows that the dress is backless, displaying discreet buttock cleavage. They have sex in a slapstick love scene (watched by Milan and his cohorts on a television monitor), concluding with Milan\'s decision (despite Christine\'s belief that Perrin could not possibly be an agent) to have Perrin eliminated, which Toulouse plans to let happen to cover his tracks. Perrache defies his boss\' orders to recall their agents to save the innocent Perrin.
More mayhem and treachery follows (including Maurice\'s learning the truth about his wife\'s affair, and Christine\'s defection from Milan\'s group to save Perrin, with whom she has fallen in love), climaxing in the deaths of not only agents from both Toulouse\'s and Milan\'s groups but also Milan himself, who only learns the truth about Perrin from Perrache just before he dies. Realizing how he has been fooled, Milan dies with a smile of appreciation. Maurice, who has repeatedly walked in on the aftermaths of the shoot-outs in Perrin\'s apartment, suffers a total mental breakdown.
At Orly Airport, Perrin pushes a huge Louis Vuitton steamer trunk in an airport luggage cart, talking softly to Christine, who is hidden inside. Their destination is Rio de Janeiro. Toulouse, who has been watching Perrin\'s departure on a monitor, instructs Perrache to contact Perrin when Perrin returns, remarking, \"After all, he handles himself pretty well.\"
## Cast
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# The Tall Blond Man with One Black Shoe
## Reception
On Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 67% based on 4 positive and 2 negative critic reviews.
The film grossed \$4.3 million in West Germany.
## Awards
The film won the Silver Bear award at the 23rd Berlin International Film Festival in 1973. It was nominated for Best Foreign Language Film by the U.S. National Board of Review
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# Richard C. Harrington
**Richard Charles Harrington** (1956-10-22 in Birmingham -- 2004-05-23 in Manchester) was professor of child and adolescent psychiatry at the University of Manchester, England. His work on psychiatric disorders of children and adolescents, especially on children with depressive illness, is a milestone in this medical field
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# Pájaro loco
***Pájaro loco*** is a 1971 Argentine comedy film directed by Lucas Demare. It stars Luis Sandrini, María José Demare, Víctor Laplace and José Cibrián
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# Güemes: la tierra en armas
***Güemes - la tierra en armas*** (English: \"Güemes, The Armed Land\") is a 1971 Argentine war drama film written and directed by Leopoldo Torre Nilsson and starring Norma Aleandro, Alfredo Alcón and Mercedes Sosa. It was entered into the 7th Moscow International Film Festival. It is based on the life of revolutionaries general Martín Miguel de Güemes and commander Juana Azurduy.
## Cast
- Alfredo Alcón as Güemes
- Norma Aleandro as Macacha Güemes
- Gabriela Gili as Carmen
- José Slavin as Gen
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# Plasmodium diploglossi
***Plasmodium diploglossi*** is a parasite of the genus *Plasmodium* subgenus *Sauramoeba*. As in all *Plasmodium* species, *P. diploglossi* has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are reptiles.
## Taxonomy
The parasite was first described by Aragio and Neiva in 1909. It is the type species of the subgenus *Sauramoeba*.
## Description
Pigment does not occupy a distinct vacuole but may be clumped.
The large schizonts considerably enlarge the host erythrocyte and may completely encircle the host cell nucleus.
The mature gametocytes are broad.
Like the schizonts, the gametocytes may almost encircle the host cell nucleus.
A small cytoplasmic vacuole may be present in some gametocytes.
## Distribution
This species is found in eastern Panama.
## Hosts
This species infects the anguid lizard *Diploglossus fasciatus* and *Mabuya mabouya*
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# Disputas en la cama
***Disputas en la cama*** (***Disputes in the Bed**\'\'), also known as***Los divorciados**\'\', is a 1972 Argentine sex comedy film directed by Mario David. It stars Tato Bores, Norman Briski, Zulma Faiad, Víctor Laplace and Soledad Silveyra. A preview function with 250 guests for the film was suspended by the Qualification Body, which objected to scenes with Soledad Silveyra and Alejandra Romanof. Upon release on 11 May 1972, the film was largely panned by critics but was a box office success.
## Plot
The film consists of a series of sketches on the themes of infidelity, sexuality and divorce. In one scene, a man dons a long beard and impresses an attractive female sunbather at a local park and later spies on a woman in the shower. A man fails miserably at a yoga class full of women.
A man orders seafood at a restaurant, hoping that it will prove to be an aphrodisiac. Unfortunately is advances towards his partner in his car are disturbed by a gunman. When a child is born Japanese, he looks for a would-be father.
Later, a couple arrive at the solicitors office requesting a divorce. Another man, a museum curator, has an unhealthy habit of discussing his paintings as a means of seducing young women.
## Cast
- Tato Bores
- Norman Briski
- Zulma Faiad
- Víctor Laplace
- Soledad Silveyra
- Henny Trailes
- Oscar Viale
- Gloria Guzmán
- Gogó Andreu
- Lydia Lamaison
- Alexandra Romanof
- Héctor Malamud
## Production
The film was Mario David\'s second picture and a stark contrast to his debut drama *El Ayudante*, succumbing to trends in commercial production for sex comedies, according to one publication. The film was produced by Rafael Cohen, and the screenplay was written by the director Mario David, working with Alejandro Faccio. Cinematographer Arsenio Reinaldo Pica was hired to shoot the film. Alberto Núñez Palacios composed the soundtrack. The film\'s editing was done by Oscar Pariso.
## Release and reception {#release_and_reception}
*Disputas en la cama* premiered on 11 May 1972 in Buenos Aires. It was also referred to as *Los Divorciados*. The film was successful at the box office, though, controversially, a preview function with 250 guests was suspended by the Qualification Body, which objected to scenes with Soledad Silveyra and Alejandra Romanof. The film was largely panned by the critics at the time, with *Gente* declaring that it \"serves to describe something that is worse than worse\" and is an \"absolute waste of actors and situations\", and *La Razón* labelling it a \"Picaresque comedy without subtleties\". It has since gained favour, with Ricardo Manetti in his book *Cine argentino: modernidad y vanguardias, 1957/1983* describing the critical reaction to have been a \"somewhat exaggerated criticism, because the visual richness is great\"
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# Estoy hecho un demonio
***Estoy hecho un demonio*** is a 1972 Argentine film. It was premiered in June 1972
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# Los Velázquez
***Los Velázquez*** is a 1972 Argentine film
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# Namoli Brennet
**Namoli Brennet** is a singer-songwriter who has been touring the United States since the release of her first album in 2002.
Brennet produces, engineers and releases her albums on her own record label, Flaming Dame Records. Her music has been featured on NPR, PBS, and the Emmy-award winning documentary, *Out in the Silence*, which details the struggle of a gay teen growing up in rural Pennsylvania. Brennet has received four nominations for OUTmusic awards and was the recipient of a Tucson Folk Festival Songwriting Award. Brennet has shared stages with Melissa Ferrick, Jill Sobule, Alix Olson, and Girlyman.
Since 2013, she has lived in Decorah, Iowa. Brennet toured Europe in June 2014, following the release of her latest album *Ditch Lilies.* In 2014, she began performing in Germany with the Namoli Brennet Trio which consists of herself as vocalist and guitarist, bassist Amy Zapf, and drummer Micha Maass. They first performed at The Blue Wave Festival in 2014 and toured in the spring of 2015.
## Personal life {#personal_life}
Brennet was born in Connecticut on February 27, 1970. She is a transgender woman, having been assigned male at birth. She was a Connecticut native before moving to Tucson, Arizona, where she lived for ten years
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# English cannon
The first usage of cannon in Great Britain was possibly in 1327, when they were used in battle by the English against the Scots. Under the Tudors, the first forts featuring cannon batteries were built, while cannon were first used by the Tudor navy. Cannon were later used during the English Civil War for both siegework and extensively on the battlefield.
Cannon were first used abroad by the English during the Hundred Years War, when primitive artillery was used at the Battle of Crécy. With the Age of Discovery and the establishment of the Thirteen Colonies, cannon saw use in British armies in North America, first against the rival colony of New France, and later during the American Revolutionary War. From the 18th century to the present day, the Royal Regiment of Artillery has formed the artillery of the British Army. The Royal Navy developed the carronade in the 18th century, although they disappeared from use in the 1850s. As with other western cannon of the period, cannon used by the British Army and the Royal Navy became longer ranged and more destructive in the 19th and 20th centuries.
## History
### Early development {#early_development}
English cannon saw its first use during the Hundred Years War, being used in small numbers during the 1340s. \"Ribaldis\" were first mentioned in the English Privy Wardrobe accounts during preparations for the Battle of Crécy between 1345 and 1346. These are believed to have shot large arrows and simplistic grapeshot, but they were so important they were directly controlled by the Royal Wardrobe. According to the contemporary poet Jean Froissart, the English cannon made \"two or three discharges on the Genoese\", which is taken to mean individual shots by two or three guns because of the time taken to reload such primitive artillery. Similar cannon appeared at the siege of Calais later the same year and by the 1380s, the \"ribaudekin\" had become mounted on wheels.
### Tudor navy and the rise of the fort {#tudor_navy_and_the_rise_of_the_fort}
Towards the end of the Middle Ages, the development of cannon made revolutionary changes to siege warfare throughout Europe, with many castles becoming susceptible to artillery fire. In England, significant changes were evident from the 16th century, when Henry VIII began building Device Forts between 1539 and 1540 as artillery fortresses to counter the threat of invasion from France and Spain. They were built by the state at strategic points to form the first powerful cannon batteries, but, though they had many of the same architectural facets as true castles, they served a purely military function (rather than serving as residences). Deal Castle remains one of the most impressive such Device Forts, and was perfectly symmetrical, with a low, circular keep at its centre. Over 200 cannon and gun ports were set within the walls, and the fort formed a firing platform with a shape that allowed many lines of fire. In addition, its low curved bastions were designed to deflect cannonballs. Cannon were now an inexorable part of English warfare.
Cannon also saw use in the Tudor navy (where a cannon was a \"gun\", and a cannonball a \"shot\"). The French \"culverin\" was adapted for naval use by the English in the late 16th century, and had a significant advantage over the ballista that had previously been used in naval warfare. This cannon was of relatively long barrel and light construction, and fired solid round shot projectiles at long ranges along a flat trajectory. One of the first ships to be able to fire a full cannon broadside was the English carrack the *Mary Rose*, built in Portsmouth from 1510--1512, and equipped with 78 guns (91 after an upgrade in the 1530s). It was one of the earliest purpose-built warships to serve in the English Navy (thought never to have served as a merchant ship), and her crew consisted of 200 sailors, 185 soldiers, and 30 gunners.
With the Age of Discovery, rivalry developed between European colonies and the importance of cannon in naval warfare increased. Many merchant vessels were armed with cannon and the aggressive activities of English privateers, who engaged the galleons of the Spanish treasure fleets, helped provoke the first Anglo-Spanish War, though it was not one of the main factors. A fleet review on Elizabeth I\'s accession in 1559 showed the navy to consist of 39 ships and in 1588, Philip II of Spain launched the Spanish Armada against England. In a running battle lasting over a week, the Armada was scattered and defeated by the English navy.
### 17th century {#th_century}
A description of the Gunner\'s art is given during the English Civil War period (mid-17th century) by John Roberts, covering the modes of calculation and the ordnance pieces themselves, in his work *The Compleat Cannoniere*, printed London 1652 by W. Wilson and sold by George Hurlock (Thames Street). The lower tier of English ships of the line at this time were usually equipped with demi-cannon -- a naval gun which fired a 32-pound solid shot. A full cannon fired a 42-pound shot (and in fact there was a so-called \"royal cannon\" that fired a 60-pound shot), but these were discontinued by the 18th century as they were seen as too unwieldy.
With the establishment of the Thirteen Colonies, cannon saw use in English armies in the North American mainland, first against the rival colony of New France. However, although the French were outnumbered, their fortifications and artillery were superior to English cannon. When 34 ships from the English colony of Massachusetts bombarded Quebec in 1690, they were outmatched by the French batteries, which badly damaged the ships\' hulls and struck off the colours of the English flagship. The English brass field guns landed on the shore were entirely ineffective against the militiamen in the woods, and a spontaneous retreat left five cannon abandoned on the shore. French victory showed that to take Quebec, the cannon of \"Old England would have to be brought in\".
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# English cannon
## History
### 18th century {#th_century_1}
Before the 18th century, artillery \"traynes\" were raised by Royal Warrant for specific campaigns and disbanded again when they were over. On 26 May 1716, however, by Royal Warrant of George I, two regular companies of field artillery, each 100 men strong, were raised at Woolwich. On 1 April 1722 these companies were grouped with independent artillery companies at Gibraltar and Menorca to form the **Royal Regiment of Artillery**. The regiment expanded rapidly and by 1757 had 24 companies divided into two battalions, as well as a Cadet Company formed in 1741.
When Quebec was finally captured during the French and Indian War, the British had more cannon installed in the fortifications, and built more embrasures into the walls to maximise their effectiveness against siege batteries. When the French returned in 1760, the defenders had to leave all but two of their field guns in the retreat into the city. However, British cannon proved effective, as a heavy cannonade on the French batteries allowed them to hold out long enough for reinforcements.
By 1771, there were 32 companies of the Royal Artillery in four battalions, as well as two Invalid Companies comprising older and unfit men employed in garrison duties. In January 1793, two troops of Royal Horse Artillery (RHA) were raised to provide fire support for the cavalry, joined by two more in November 1793. All RHA personnel were mounted. The Royal Irish Artillery was absorbed in 1801.
Additionally, the carronade was adopted by the Royal Navy in 1779, and the lower muzzle velocity of the round shot was intended to create many more of the deadly wooden splinters when hitting the structure of an enemy vessel; these in fact were often the main cause of casualties. It was much shorter and a third to a quarter of the weight of an equivalent long gun: for example, a 32-pounder carronade weighed less than a ton, but a 32-pounder long gun weighed over 3 tons. Carronades were manufactured in the usual naval gun calibres , but they were not counted in a ship of the line\'s rated number of guns. As a result, the classification of Royal Navy vessels in this period can mislead, since they would often be carrying more pieces of ordnance than they were described as carrying.
The carronade was initially very successful and widely adopted, although in the 1810s and 1820s, greater emphasis was placed on the accuracy of long-range gunfire, and less on the weight of a broadside. The small powder charge of the carronade was only able to project a heavy cannonball over a relatively limited distance. The short barrel, low muzzle velocity and short range also increased the risk that a carronade would eject burning wadding onto nearby combustible materials, increasing the risk of fire. The carronade disappeared from the Royal Navy from the 1850s after the development of steel, jacketed cannon by William George Armstrong and Joseph Whitworth.
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# English cannon
## Operation
The 1771 *Encyclopædia Britannica* describes the operation of 18th-century British cannon. Each cannon would be manned by two gunners, six soldiers, and four artillery officers. The right gunner was to prime the piece and load it with powder, while the left gunner would fetch the powder from the magazine and keep ready to fire the cannon at the officer\'s command. Three soldiers stood on each side of the cannon, to ram and sponge the cannon, and hold the lantern and ladle. The second soldier on the left was charged with providing 50 bullets.
Prior to loading, the cannon would be well cleaned with a sponge to remove all sparks, filth, and dirt. The powder was added, followed by a wad of paper or hay, and the ball was thrown in. After ramming the cannon would be aimed with the elevation set using a quadrant and a plummet. At 45 degrees the ball had the utmost range -- about ten times the gun\'s level range. Any angle above the horizontal line was called random-shot. The officer of artillery had to ensure the cannon was diligently served. Water was available to dip the sponges in and cool the pieces every ten or twelve rounds. In the late 1770s it was said that a 24-pounder could fire 90 to 100 shots a day in summer, or 60 to 75 in winter. A 16 or 12-pounder would fire a little more, because they were easier served. The *Encyclopædia Britannica* mentions \"some occasions where 200 shots have been fired from these pieces in the space of nine hours, and 138 in the space of five.\"
The introduction of carronades at this time also resulted in guns that were easier to handle and required less than half the gunpowder of long guns, allowing fewer men to crew them than long guns mounted on naval garrison carriages.
During the Napoleonic Wars, a British gun team consisted of 5 numbered gunners -- fewer crew than needed in the previous century. The *No.1* was the gun commander, usually a sergeant, who aimed the gun. The *No.2* was the \"spongeman\" who cleaned the bore with the sponge dampened with water between shots; the intention being to quench any remaining embers before a fresh charge was introduced. The *No.3*, the loader, inserted the bag of powder and then the projectile. The *No.2* then used a rammer, or the sponge reversed, to drive it in. At the same time, the *No.4* (\"ventsman\") pressed his thumb on the vent hole to prevent a draught that might fan a flame. The charge loaded, the *No.4* pricked the bagged charge through the vent hole and filled the vent with powder. At the *No.1*\'s command the *No.5* would fire the piece with his slowmatch
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# Las Píldoras
***Las Píldoras*** is a 1972 Argentine film. It is an Argentinian comedian movie written by Oscar Viale (under the pseudonym V. Rosid and adapted to the big screen by Isaac Aisemberg. It is based in the theatrical piece where the actors and actresses of the movie also represented
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Las Píldoras
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# La Resistencia (film)
***La Resistencia*** is a 1972 Argentine film
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# County of Adelaide
The **County of Adelaide** is one of the 49 cadastral counties of South Australia and contains the city of Adelaide. It was proclaimed on 2 June 1842 by Governor Grey. It is bounded by the Gawler River and North Para River in the north, the Mount Lofty Ranges in the east, and Gulf St Vincent in the west. The south border runs from Aldinga Bay to Willunga South and Mount Magnificent.
The county held at least 60% of South Australia\'s population between 1855 and 1921; this figure rose to 70.6% in 1966
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# Apparat Organ Quartet (album)
***Apparat Organ Quartet*** is the debut album of the Icelandic band Apparat Organ Quartet. It was originally released in 2002 on the Thule Records label in Iceland; in 2005, this self-titled album was re-released on the Icelandic 12 Tónar label in a remastered version. The cover and liner notes contain several paintings of the band members as figures resembling those of Playmobil.
## Track listing {#track_listing}
1. \"Romantika\" --- 4:44
2. \"The Anguish Of Space Time\" --- 6:10
3. \"Cruise Control\" --- 3:38
4. \"Ondula Nova\" --- 5:27
5. \"Global Capital\" --- 5:23
6. \"Stereo Rock & Roll\" --- 4:17
7. \"Seremonia\" --- 5:00
8. \"Charlie Tango #2\" --- 7:24
9
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# Robert Melville (art critic)
**Robert Melville** (31 December 1905 -- March 1986) was an English art critic and journalist. Along with the artists Conroy Maddox and John Melville (his brother), he was a key member of the Birmingham Surrealists in the 1930s and 1940s. An early biographer of Picasso, he later become the art correspondent of the *New Statesman* and the *Architectural Review*.
## Early life {#early_life}
Melville was born in Tottenham, London, in 1905, the second son of an asphalt contractor\'s foreman. His family moved to the Harborne area of Birmingham in 1913 and after his secondary schooling Melville spent most of the 1920s in clerical jobs with a variety of industrial companies. In 1928 he married and settled in Sparkhill.
Melville\'s brother John had shown early talent as a painter and from the late 1920s the Melvilles both developed an interest in the emerging modernist movements in continental Europe, becoming regular patrons of Zwemmer\'s art bookshop in London\'s Charing Cross Road. Meeting fellow Birmingham Surrealist Conroy Maddox in 1935 the three set out to challenge Birmingham\'s conservative artistic establishment. Although not a practising artist himself, Robert Melville had a thorough understanding of surrealism\'s theoretical background and was to provide much of the group\'s intellectual underpinning, culminating in an open debate with Professor Thomas Bodkin of the Barber Institute of Fine Arts in 1939 that received widespread press coverage.
## Critic
Robert developed a particularly strong interest in Picasso (then little-known in England) that led to an important friendship with Hugh Willoughby, a contemporary collector of Picasso\'s work based in Hove. During the late 1930s Melville wrote a book on Picasso based on Willoughby\'s collection that was published in 1939 as *Picasso: Master of the Phantom*. As Melville described it: \"without my knowledge my wife sent my little book to Oxford University Press. Curiously enough they accepted it\".
The book was to make Melville\'s reputation as a critic. He was appointed art critic of the Birmingham *Evening Despatch* in 1940 and had a series of articles published in *The Listener* in 1943 and 1944.
In 1950 Melville wrote an article on Francis Bacon in Cyril Connolly\'s magazine *Horizon* that was to have lasting influence on Bacon\'s critical reputation, placing him firmly in the European tradition of Kafka, Dalí, Buñuel and Picasso.
In 1964 Melville wrote a book on the Ned Kelly paintings by Sidney Nolan.
Melville was the art critic of the *New Statesman* from 1954 to 1976 and wrote monthly pieces for the *Architectural Review* between 1950 and 1977. When he retired from the *Architectural Review* Hugh Casson described him as \"unchallenged as the most serious (and I don\'t mean solemn) and illuminating art critic in the country\".
## Gallery management {#gallery_management}
In 1947 Melville moved to London in 1947. He worked first for E. L. T. Mesens\' London Gallery, and later the Hanover Gallery. While at the Hanover Gallery, he met Arthur Jeffress, who co-owned the gallery with Erica Brausen. In 1954 Robert and Arthur decided to leave the Hanover Gallery and open a new gallery -- Arthur Jeffress (Pictures). They jointly ran the successful gallery until Arthur\'s death in 1961; after which Robert continued to run the gallery until 1974, during which time it featured works by Pauline Boty, Richard Hamilton and David Hockney.
Melville then worked for Marlborough Fine Art, London, and then he worked at the Marlborough New London Gallery as assistant to the Manager, Tony Reichardt.
## Last years {#last_years}
Shortly before his death Melville accompanied Sidney Nolan to Australia where they visited all the areas that Nolan had painted.
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# Robert Melville (art critic)
## Family
In 1928, Melville married Lilian May Lewis Smith, daughter of William Smith, who worked in the rare books department of W. H. Smith. Their daughter Roberta married the British blues musician Alexis Korner
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# Henry Robb
**Henry Robb, Limited**, known colloquially as **Robbs**, was a Scottish shipbuilding company based at Leith Docks in Edinburgh. Robbs built small-to-medium sized vessels, particularly tugs and dredgers.
## History
The company was founded on 1 April 1918 by Henry Robb, a former yard manager for Ramage & Ferguson shipbuilders, which lay around 1 km to the east. Robb was born in Partick, Glasgow in 1874 to Henry Robb (1843-1894), a ships caulker, and his wife Martha Simpson (1840--78). He married Mary Baird Mcintosh Cowan in 1903 and their son, Henry Cowan Robb (1932-2018), became a Director of the firm. Henry Robb died in Edinburgh in 1951.
Robbs grew by buying berths from Hawthorns in 1924, the business of Cran and Somerville in 1926 and the yards of Ramage and Ferguson in 1934. The site became known as Victoria Shipyard.
Robbs closed its Arbroath and Clyde operations in the 1920s and focused its activities on Leith.
During World War II, Robbs built a large number of warships for the Royal Navy, including preparing the designs and building the prototype of the `{{sclass|Basset|trawler|0}}`{=mediawiki} anti-submarine / minesweeping trawler. Three `{{sclass2|Bird|minesweeper|0}}`{=mediawiki} corvettes were built for the Royal New Zealand Navy. Ordered in 1939, two of these ships famously sank the `{{Jsub|I-1}}`{=mediawiki} in January 1943, while the third ship helped sink `{{Jsub|I-17}}`{=mediawiki} seven months later.
On 26 February 1940 King George VI and Queen Elizabeth toured the shipyard. The King visited a second time on 29 July 1943.
In 1963 Robbs took over the neighbouring long-standing shipbuilding yard of Menzies & Co..
In 1968 Robbs merged with the Caledon Shipbuilding & Engineering Company of Dundee, forming **Robb Caledon Shipbuilding**, and in 1969 the new company took over the Burntisland Shipbuilding Company in Fife. In 1977, under the provisions of the Aircraft and Shipbuilding Industries Act 1977, Robb Caledon was nationalised as part of British Shipbuilders. The Caledon yard in Dundee closed in 1981. Robb\'s yard in Leith survived two more years, closing in 1983.
The site of Robb\'s shipyard is now the Ocean Terminal shopping centre, where the former Royal Yacht *Britannia* is berthed. An early 20th-century pitched roof paint shed that once belonged to the yard, built from rivetted iron plates, survives and was a Category B listed building before being relocated.
The yard features in the video to the song \"Letter From America\" (1987) by The Proclaimers, whose father worked in the yard. The overall sentiment of the song stresses the loss of Scotland\'s traditional industries and the mass emigration of Scots to North America due to circumstances such as the Highland Clearances.
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# Henry Robb
## Ships built by Robbs {#ships_built_by_robbs}
### Naval
s
-
-
-
-
-
-
Storage Ships
- MV Pembroke Coast
- MV British Coast
- MV Atlantic Coast
- MV Ocean Coast
Armed Trawlers
- HMS Basset
- HMS Mastiff
Hoppers
- MV Gallions Reach
```{=html}
<!-- -->
```
- Tree-class trawlers
- HMS Hazel
- HMS Hickory
s
-
-
-
s
-
-
-
- HMS Ringdove
- HMS Redstart
Other Minesweepers
- HMS Sword Dance (replacing HMS Sword Dance (1919))
- HMS Staffa
- HMS Sidmouth
- HMS Stornoway
s
-
-
-
- (ex- HMS *Glenarm*)
-
-
- HMS *Naver* -- cancelled and re-ordered as HMS *Loch Achanalt*.
s
- -- to Royal Canadian Navy on completion.
- -- to Royal Malaysian Navy in 1964 as *Hang Tuah*.
- -- to Royal New Zealand Navy in 1949 as *Rotoiti*.
- three further ships of this class -- *Loch Kishorn*, *Loch Nell* and *Loch Odairn* -- were cancelled.
s
- (ex- HMS *Loch Laxford*)
- (ex- HMS *Loch Maddy*)
- (ex- HMS *Loch Coulside*)
Royal Fleet Auxiliary ships
- -- naval stores ship
- -- aviation training ship
- -- naval stores ship
*Bustler*-class ocean rescue tugs Built during WW2 these huge tugs could manage huge ships over long distances and were used to tow the sections of the Mulberry Harbour during the D-Day Landings
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Other Tugs
- MV George Salt
- MV Firefly
Ships for Robertson Line
- MS Jacinth
- MS Spinel
Other Ships
- MS Kodara for Robetson Co.
- MS Edina for Currie Line
- MV Creole
- MV The Miller for E Marriage & Son
- MV Goldengown
- MV Puriri for Anchor Line of NZ
- MV Underwood for Union Steam Co of NZ
- MV Port Tauranga
```{=html}
<!-- -->
```
-
*Wild Duck*-class RMAS cable-laying and salvage ships
-
-
### Merchant
Yard No Name Type Launch Owner/Notes
--------- -------------------------- ---------------------------------- ------------------ ------------------------------------------
216 *Argos* cargo 1935 Cia. Argentina de Lanchas, Buenos Aires
267 {{SS\|South Steyne 2}} Manly ferry 1 April 1938
355 SS *Tinto* cargo 1947 Ellerman\'s Wilson Line
356 SS *Truro* cargo 1947 Ellerman\'s Wilson Line
357 SS *Bravo* cargo 1947 Ellerman\'s Wilson Line
358 SS *Silvio* cargo 1947 Ellerman\'s Wilson Line
361 MV *Kaitangata* cargo 1948 Union Steamship Company
362 MV *Konui* cargo 1949 Union Steamship Company
375 MV *Kaitawa* collier 1949 Union Steamship Company
376 MV *Kaiapoi* cargo 1949 Union Steamship Company
377 MV *Kamona* cargo 1949 Union Steamship Company
379 MV *Mombasa* passenger/cargo 1950 British India Steam Navigation Company
399 MV *Kawatiri* cargo 1950 Union Steamship Company
393 MV *Mtwara* passenger/cargo 1951 British India Steam Navigation Company
398 MV *Waimate* cargo 1951 Union Steamship Company
400 MV *Kokiri* cargo 1951 Union Steamship Company
406 MV *Cavallo* cargo 1951 Ellerman\'s Wilson Line
407 MV *Trentino* cargo 1952 Ellerman\'s Wilson Line
418 MV *Wareatea* refrigerated cargo 1952 William Holyman and Sons Pty., Melbourne
427 MV *Marwick Head* cargo 1952 A.F. Henry & MacGregor, Leith
426 MV *Karamu* refrigerated cargo 1953 Union Steamship Company
428 MV *Longfellow* cargo 1953 Rodney Steamship Company
430 MV *Golden Bay* bulk carrier 1954 Tarakohe Shipping Co, Wellington
434 MV *Auby* passenger/cargo 1954 Sarawak Steam Ship Company, Singapore
437 SS *Cicero* refrigerated cargo 1954 Ellerman\'s Wilson Line
438 SS *Rollo* refrigerated cargo 1954 Ellerman\'s Wilson Line
443 MV *Kaitoa* cargo 1956 Union Steamship Company
448 MV *Kaimai* cargo 1956 Union Steamship Company
456 MV *Kumalla* cargo 1956 Union Steamship Company
457 MV *Konini* cargo 1957 Union Steamship Company
508 ice-strengthened research vessel 4 September 1970 British Antarctic Survey
515 ferry 4 January 1974 Caledonian MacBrayne
516 *S.A. Wolraad Woltemade* salvage tug 15 May 1975 South African Marine Corporation
521 MV *Borthwick* LPG Tanker 1977 Geo. Gibson & Co
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# Lee Cataldi
**Lee Cataldi** (born 1942) is a contemporary Australian poet and linguist. `{{Infobox person
| name = Lee Cataldi
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name = Lee A. Sonnino
| birth_date = {{birth year and age|1942}}
| birth_place = [[Sydney]], Australia
| death_date =
| death_place =
| nationality = Australian
| other_names =
| occupation = Poet, linguist
| years_active =
| known_for =
| notable_works =
| spouse = Gianni Cataldi
}}`{=mediawiki}
## Biography
Cataldi (née Sonnino) was born in Sydney during World War II when, owing to her father's Italian heritage, she was technically an \'enemy alien\'. As a child she lived in Hobart, moving back to Sydney for university. She won the University Medal, publishing her thesis as A Handbook to Sixteenth Century Rhetoric (by Lee A. Sonnino). She studied at Cambridge before meeting her future husband Italian Gianni Cataldi. Since returning to Australia in the 1970s Cataldi has worked as a teacher and a linguist, on Indigenous Australian languages in Halls Creek, Alice Springs and Balgo. In the late sixties she travelled to Italy and England where she became a socialist, inspired by the May 1968 uprising in France.
Cataldi\'s first book of poems, *Invitation to a Marxist lesbian party*, was published in 1978, winning the Anne Elder Memorial Prize in that year. *Women who live on the ground* (1990) received the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission Poetry Award; it was also short-listed for the New South Wales Premier\'s Literary Awards. *Race against time* (1998) won the 1999 Kenneth Slessor Prize for Poetry.
In 1998 Cataldi travelled to Madras, India, for an Asialink Literature Residency.
, she lives in South Australia
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# Bernard FitzPatrick, 2nd Baron Castletown
**Bernard Edward Barnaby FitzPatrick, 2nd Baron Castletown**, KP, CMG, PC (I) (29 July 1848 -- 29 May 1937) was an Anglo-Irish soldier and Conservative Member of Parliament.
## Biography
### Life
Castletown was the only son of John FitzPatrick, 1st Baron Castletown, and his wife Augusta Mary (*née* Douglas). He had six sisters. He was educated at Eton and Brasenose College, Oxford, where he took second-class honours in Law and Modern History. He made the Grand Tour, then in fashion for eldest sons of the aristocracy, and viewed fighting during the Franco-Prussian War.
He was appointed High Sheriff of Queen\'s County in 1876, and sat as Member of Parliament for Portarlington from 1880 to 1883, when he succeeded his father in the barony and entered the House of Lords.
He served in the Life Guards and fought in Egypt in 1882. After he resigned from active service, he was appointed to the Reserve of Officers in 1886, serving as a volunteer officer until reaching the age limit in March 1900. He was promoted major on 8 June 1896, and later lieutenant colonel in command of the 4th (Queen\'s County Militia) Battalion, Prince of Wales\'s Leinster Regiment (Royal Canadians) from October 1899, and was the first to outfit them with Irish bagpipers. In February 1900, he left for South Africa, where he was posted on special service during the Second Boer War, as Acting Assistant Adjutant-General on the HQ staff. In recognition of services during the war, he was appointed a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) in the South African Honours list published on 26 June 1902.
In early 1902, he took part in a special diplomatic mission to promote British interests in Morocco.
Along with Theodore Roosevelt and Douglas Hyde and others, he was elected honorary Vice President of the Irish Literary Society of New York in 1903. In 1905, he proposed a tillage farming plan along the lines of Ireland\'s old clan system. Castletown was later Chancellor of the Royal University of Ireland between 1906 and 1910.
### Theft of the Irish Crown Jewels {#theft_of_the_irish_crown_jewels}
The Irish Crown Jewels were discovered missing on 6 July 1907, four days before the start of a visit to the Irish International Exhibition by King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra, at which was planned the investiture of Bernard FitzPatrick, 2nd Baron Castletown into the Order. The theft is reported to have angered the King, but the visit went ahead. However, the investiture ceremony was cancelled. Also stolen were the collars of five Knight Members of the Order. The following year in 1908 he was made a Knight of the Order of St Patrick and admitted to the Irish Privy Council. His banner still hangs in St. Patrick\'s Hall in Dublin Castle.
### Family and Death {#family_and_death}
Lord Castletown married the Hon. Emily Ursula Clare St Leger, daughter of the 4th Viscount Doneraile, in 1874. The marriage was childless. Lady Castletown joined her husband in South Africa in early 1900, when he was posted there during the Second Boer War.
He died on 29 May 1937 at Granston Manor, aged 87, when the barony became extinct.
Castletown was particularly interested in Celtic heritage, and was among the founders of the Celtic Association, an organisation concerned with the preservation of the languages, literature, music, dress and customs of the Celtic peoples. In 1900, the Celtic Association was set up in Dublin with Castletown as president and E.E. Fournier as secretary. The Celtic Association is mainly remembered for the three Pan-Celtic Congresses it organized: the first in Dublin in 1901, the second in Caernarfon in 1904, and the last in Edinburgh in 1907. The first Congress had been scheduled for 1900, but had to be postponed when Castletown was called to service in the Boer War. The Association was not without its detractors, in part because many of the Irish sympathized with the Boers.
Originally made up of representatives from Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Brittany, and the Isle of Man; Cornwall was added in 1904
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# Francesco Stringa
**Francesco Stringa** (1635--1709) was an Italian painter of the Baroque era, active mainly near his native city of Modena.
He is said to have been a follower of the style, if not the pupil of Ludovico Lana and Guercino. He served as the superintendent of the Galleria Estense in Modena. Some sources claim he was influenced by the naturalism of Mattia Preti. The *Allegorical Still Life with Bernini\'s Bust of Duke Francesco I d\'Este* at the Minneapolis Institute of art is attributed to Stringa. Francesco Vellani, Antonio Consetti Girolamo Donnini and Jacopo Zoboli were said to have been his pupils
| 103 |
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| 0 |
9,994,520 |
# Stageworks Theatre
**Stageworks Theatre** is a theatre, based in Tampa, Florida currently being led by Producing Artistic Director Karla Hartley. Stageworks Theatre took possession of its own performance space in 2011 located in the Channelside District of Tampa.
## History
Anna Brennen founded Stageworks Theatre in 1983 in Tampa, FL. It has thrived in Tampa, becoming an integral part of the Arts culture of the Bay Area; it is the oldest theatre company in Tampa. In 2011 Stageworks purchased a performance space and now run full operations and performances in their permanent location.
## Awards
Anna Brennen (Founder, Stageworks Theatre Company, Inc.) received her formal theatre training at Carnegie Mellon and the University of California, Berkeley. She studied in advanced private classes in New York City with Sandy Meisner (Neighborhood Playhouse), Mira Rostova (Moscow Art Theatre), Wynn Handmann (American Place), and Lloyd Richards (Yale University Drama School). In 2006, Anna was given the Artist of the Year Award by the Mayor of the city of Tampa, Pam Iorio.
Anna\'s professional acting credits include understudying Colleen Dewhurst in Hamlet, as well as the three leads in Much Ado About Nothing for the New York Shakespeare Festival. She has also appeared with the Theatre for New York City, Playwrights Horizons and the Chelsea Theatre in New York City, New York.
As a playwright, Anna\'s first play, Sleepless Dancer (Victims 3), had an Equity showcase production at N.E.T.W.O.R.K. in New York City in 1980. She was a recipient of a Florida Arts Council Playwriting Fellowship in 1981. In 1989, she received an Emerging Artists grant from the Hillsborough County Arts Council for her new play, Echo Nevada, in 1991 the Hillsborough Arts Council honored her with the individual Artist Award. \" In Tampa, she has produced and/or directed over 90 mainstage shows
| 300 |
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| 0 |
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# 1773 in Ireland
Events from the year **1773 in Ireland**.
## Incumbent
- Monarch: George III
## Events
- Formation of Volunteer corps: the First Magherafelt Volunteers (June); and the Offerlane Blues (10 October).
## Arts and literature {#arts_and_literature}
- 15 March -- first performance of Oliver Goldsmith\'s comedy *She Stoops to Conquer* at the Covent Garden Theatre in London.
- 4 May -- Eibhlín Dubh Ní Chonaill (Eileen O\' Connell) composes the keen *Caoineadh Airt Uí Laoghaire* over the body of her husband Art Ó Laoghaire.
- Thomas Leland publishes *The History of Ireland, from the invasion of Henry II*.
## Births
- 23 July -- Abraham Colles, professor of Anatomy, Surgery and Physiology at the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (died 1843).
- 19 August -- Valentine Lawless, 2nd Baron Cloncurry, politician (died 1853).
- 19 November -- Robert Arbuthnot, British military officer (died 1853).
- 22 November -- John George de la Poer Beresford, Archbishop of Armagh (Church of Ireland) (died 1862).
Full date unknown
:\*William Beatty, Ship\'s Surgeon on `{{HMS|Victory}}`{=mediawiki} during the Battle of Trafalgar (died 1842).
:\*Edward Bunting, musician (died 1843).
:\*John Shaw, Captain in the United States Navy (died 1823).
## Deaths
- 17 April -- Arthur Gore, 1st Earl of Arran, politician (born 1703).
- 19 November -- Charles Clinton, French and Indian War Colonel (born 1690.
- 19 November -- James FitzGerald, 1st Duke of Leinster, politician (born 1722)
| 239 |
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| 0 |
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# Boso (cardinal of Santa Pudenziana)
**Boso** (death 1178) was an Italian prelate and Cardinal of the Roman Catholic church.
## Origins
According to the older historiography Boso was an Englishman from St Albans and nephew of Nicholas Breakspear, future Pope Adrian IV, on his mother\'s side. He ostensibly joined the Order of Benedictines at St Albans Abbey in the young age, and then entered the Roman Curia when his uncle Nicholas became cardinal. Shortly after his uncle's 1154 election to the papacy, Boso was promoted to the cardinalate.
This view was still accepted at the beginning of the 20th century, but subsequently was challenged by a number of scholars. Johannes M. Brixius (1912) undermined the tradition identifying him as a nephew of Adrian IV and a Benedictine monk. He showed that neither his relationship with Adrian IV nor his belonging to the Order of Benedictines is attested in any of the contemporary sources, while papal privileges for the Boso\'s titular church of Santa Pudenziana attached this title to the canons regular of Santa Maria di Reno.
Brixius concluded that Boso must have been a member of this religious community, and not a Benedictine. However, he still considered him an Englishman.
The monograph of F. Geisthardt (1936) about Cardinal Boso refuted almost all elements of his traditional biography concerning the period before his promotion to the cardinalate. He has proven that Boso\'s curial career much predated the career of his alleged uncle Nicholas Breakspear. He served at the papal curia from at least 1135 as member of the household of cardinal Guido of SS. Cosma e Damiano from Pisa, and it was Guido, not Nicholas, who was his early protector at the papal court. Geisthardt has established that Boso was born probably at Loppia near Lucca in the March of Tuscany. His conclusions are now accepted in academic literature.
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# Boso (cardinal of Santa Pudenziana)
## Biography
Born in Tuscany, Boso joined the canons regular of Santa Maria di Reno at Bologna. In 1135 he entered the service of cardinal Guido of SS. Cosma e Damiano and accompanied him in his legatine mission to Spain in 1143. After Guido\'s death in autumn 1149 Boso replaced him as director of papal chancery, though without the title of chancellor. He occupied that post until 3 May 1153.
When Nicholas Breakspear became Pope Adrian IV in December 1154, he appointed Boso to the important post of Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church and confided to him the governorship of the Castle of Sant\' Angelo, being somewhat suspicious of the fidelity of the Roman populace. Two years later, on 21 December 1156, the same pope named him cardinal-deacon of SS. Cosma e Damiano; as such, he subscribed papal bulls between 4 January 1157 and 1 August 1165.
When Adrian IV died in 1159, dissensions arose in the conclave as to the choice of his successor, the result of which was the creation of a schism lasting seventeen years. Four cardinals in the imperial interest voted for Cardinal Octavian, who assumed the name of Victor IV, but he was acknowledged only by the Germans. On the very day of Adrian\'s burial in the Vatican basilica, 5 September, Cardinal Boso, who appears to have taken the lead, withdrew with the majority, twenty-three, of the cardinals within the fortress of Sant\' Angelo to escape the vengeance of the antipope. They immedediately elected as pope Cardinal Rolando Bandinelli of Siena, who was consecrated under the name of Pope Alexander III.
The new pope was mindful of his obligations to Boso, and soon (no later than 18 March 1166) promoted him Cardinal-Priest of the title of Santa Pudenziana (subscribed the bulls with this title between 18 March 1166 and 29 July 1178). Boso, though dismissed as camerlengo, was subsequently entrusted with several important missions in Northern Italy (1160/61, 1162, 1173/74, 1177). When Alexander made his journey to Venice to receive the submission and allegiance of the Emperor Frederick II, and to ratify the Peace of Venice (24 June 1177) which closed the schism, he was accompanied by Boso.
He had a reputation not only for piety, but also for learning, and was esteemed by contemporary writers as among the most eminent theologians of his age. He compiled or wrote the lives of several eleventh and twelfth century popes, among them the life of Adrian. He was also a poet, examples of his poetry powers still existing in the Cotton MSS in the British Library, in the form of metrical lives of saints.
He died in 1178, perhaps on 12 September. The Ecclesiastical historian, Anne J. Duggan has described Boso as being one \"whose knowledge of Papal and ecclesiastical precedent was probably unrivalled\" during his life
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# 1842 in Ireland
Events from the year **1842 in Ireland**.
## Events
- 15 October -- *The Nation* newspaper is founded in Dublin.
## Births
- 6 February -- Jeremiah O\'Sullivan, Roman Catholic Bishop of Mobile (died 1896).
- 10 February -- Agnes Mary Clerke, astronomer and writer (died 1907).
- 9 May -- William Hone, cricketer (died 1919).
- 23 August -- Osborne Reynolds, engineer and prominent innovator in the understanding of fluid dynamics (died 1912).
- 3 September -- John Devoy, Fenian organiser and exile (died 1928 in the United States).
## Deaths
- 25 March -- William Beatty, ship\'s surgeon on `{{HMS|Victory}}`{=mediawiki} during the Battle of Trafalgar (born 1773).
- 11 April -- John England, first Catholic Bishop of Charleston, South Carolina (born 1786).
- 8 June -- Henry Parnell, 1st Baron Congleton, politician. (born 1776).
- 12 August -- William Corbet, member of the United Irishmen, soldier, Commander-in-Chief to French forces in Greece (born 1779).
- 21 August -- William Maginn, journalist and writer (born 1794).
- 30 August -- John Banim, dramatist and playwright (born 1798).
- 28 September -- Sir Michael O\'Loghlen, 1st Baronet, judge, politician and Attorney-General for Ireland (born 1789).
- 4 October -- Lowry Cole, soldier, politician and MP for Enniskillen from 1797 to 1800, Governor of Mauritius and Cape Colony (born 1772)
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| 0 |
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# Uí Briúin
The **Uí Briúin** were a royal dynasty of Connacht. Their eponymous apical ancestor was Brión, son of Eochaid Mugmedon and Mongfind, and an elder half brother of Niall of the Nine Hostages. They formed part of the Connachta, along with the Uí Fiachrach and Uí Ailello, putative descendants of Eochaid Mugmedon\'s sons Fiachra and Ailill. The Uí Ailello were later replaced as the third of the Three Connachta, through genealogical sleight of hand, by the Uí Maine.
## History
Connacht was ruled in early times by the Uí Fiachrach, the Uí Briúin only becoming the dominant force in Connacht in the 7th and 8th centuries.
The Uí Briúin divided into multiple septs, the three major ones being:
- The **Uí Briúin Aí**, named for the region they controlled---Mag nAí, the lands around the ancient centre of Connacht, Cruachan in modern County Roscommon. The most notable sept of the Uí Briúin Ai was the Síol Muireadaigh, from whom the ruling families of Ó Conchubhair (O\'Connor) and MacDermot descended.
- The **Uí Briúin Bréifne**, whose high medieval kingdom of Bréifne lay in modern County Cavan and County Leitrim. The Ó Ruairc (O\'Rourke) dynasty was the senior sept of the Uí Briúin Bréifne. Other septs included The Ó Raghallaigh (O\'Reilly), Mág Tighearnán (McKiernan) and Mág Samhradháin (McGovern).
- The **Uí Briúin Seóla**, who were centred on Maigh Seóla in modern County Galway. The Ó Flaithbheartaigh kings of Iar Connacht and their kin, the Clann Cosgraigh, belong to this branch.
The Uí Briúin kings of Connacht were drawn exclusively from these three branches.
According to Tírechán, Saint Patrick visited the \"halls of the sons of Brión\" at Duma Selchae (located by John O\'Donovan in Mag nAí and alternatively by Roderic O\'Flaherty near Loch Cime), but does not give their names. An equivalent passage in the Vita Tripartita, possibly of 9th-century origin, names six sons. \"A series of later sources dating from the eleventh century onward, meanwhile, enumerates Brion\'s progeny as no less than twenty-four. No doubt the increasing power of the Uí Briúin was responsible for this dramatic swelling of the ranks, as tribes and dynasties newly coming under Uí Briúin sway were furnished with ancestries that would link them genealogically to their overlords. Into this category fall the Uí Briúin Umaill and likely also the Uí Briúin Ratha and Uí Briúin Sinna.\"
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# Uí Briúin
## Geographic origins {#geographic_origins}
While Francis Byrne and John O\'Donovan believed the dynasty originated in Mag nAí, Roderic O\'Flaherty and John Colgan related traditions of Saints Patrick and Felartus visiting the sons of Brión in Maigh Seóla. This confusion surrounding the location of Mag Selce as mentioned in the Tripartite caused Nicholls to suggest that the geographical origin of the Uí Briúin was moved for political reasons to near Cruachan by the time of Tírechán. MacCotter also points out that when the Uí Briúin were purportedly beginning their ascent, given the distributions of surrounding population groups, \"the area originally available to Uí Briúin \[in Mag nAí\] cannot have consisted of more than the area of a few civil parishes\", which may lend support to Nicholls\' theory.
A story in the Silva Gadelica notes that during the legendary war between Brión and Fiachra, Fiachra\'s encampment was situated in Aidhne and Brión\'s lay in Damh-Chluain, which is stated to be in Uí Briúin Seóla and not far from Knockma Hill, west of Tuam. Although this is a legend, it may be an indication of the Uí Briúin\'s original homeland, as is Aidhne for the Uí Fiachrach. In addition, Hubert Knox, citing the Conmaicne\'s distribution and early status as subjects of the Uí Briúin, posited that the Uí Briúin originated in the barony of Clare in County Galway as the leading lineage of that people. Intriguingly, the Book of Ballymote calls Cellach mac Rogallaig \"King of Conmaicne\", a title also commonly taken by members of the Uí Briúin Bréifne branch in later centuries. The Maigh Seóla origin scenario is more consistent with the fact that early Uí Briúin kings (e.g. Cenn Fáelad mac Colgan and Cellach mac Rogallaig) had their residence on Loch Cime, as well as Áed mac Echach\'s donation of Annaghdown in the 6th century, which Byrne thought unlikely given Annaghdown\'s distance from Mag nAí. Furthermore, Cenn Fáelad mac Colgan is stated in the annals as having been killed by the Conmaicne Cuile, and the king-list in Laud 610 states that the same king died at the hands of \"his own people\". If both of these accounts are accurate, it would indicate that the Uí Briúin originated among the Conmaicne.
With the inclusion of Máenach mac Báethíne, ancestors of all three major branches of the dynasty are mentioned in the annals as residing or fighting in the Maigh Seóla region in the 7th century. The district to the east of Lough Corrib and the River Corrib is referred to as \"Magh Ua mBriuin\" at least as late as 1149. This likely denotes the domain of the \"king of Uí Briúin\", a title borne primarily by men of the Uí Briúin Seóla. As Knox points out, these kings were distinguished at an early date from the Síol Muireadaigh of central Roscommon in the Book of Rights, suggesting that the lands of the Uí Briúin Seóla were the original \"Hy Briuin\".
## Descendants
A recent study found that the Y-DNA SNP A259 is likely the defining mutation for the dynasty. While all of the branches share a common ancestor in the timeframe of Brión, there are no extant genealogies which correctly detail the first generations. Notably, the Uí Briúin Bréifne are more closely related to the Uí Briúin Seóla than they are to the Uí Briúin Aí
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# Léon Cahun
**David Léon Cahun** (23 June 1841 -- 30 March 1900) was a French traveler, Orientalist and writer.
## Life
Cahun\'s family, who came originally from Lorraine, destined him for a military career. However, owing to family affairs he was compelled to relinquish this, and he devoted himself to geographical and historical studies. In 1863 he began to publish a series of geographical articles and accounts of his travels in Egypt and neighboring countries in the *Revue Française*. About the same time he published letters of travel, and a geographical review which was the first of its kind in the daily press. In 1864 Cahun set out to explore Egypt, Nubia, the western coast of the Red Sea, and Asia Minor.
Returning to France in 1866, he became a political writer on the staff of *La Liberté*. When that paper supported the Empire, Cahun left it, joining the staff of *La Réforme* (1869) and *La Loi*. During the Franco-Prussian War he was a correspondent for several papers. On 4 September 1870, he entered the army as a volunteer, and was appointed sublieutenant of the 46th Foot the following November. When peace was established he resumed his Oriental studies, devoting himself chiefly to research concerning the Turks and the Tatars. In 1875, he was appointed to the Bibliothèque Mazarine, where he was specially engaged in the compilation of an analytical catalogue from the year 1874. Meanwhile, Cahun had begun to publish a series of historical novels dealing with ancient history, in the style of the journeys of Anacharsis in Greece. They are said by one critic to be written in temperate and pure French, combining interest with genuine archeological knowledge. It was Cahun\'s intention to present facts of ancient history that were not generally known, and thus make contributions to general history and geography. These novels include: *Les Aventures du Capitaine Magon*, on Phoenician explorations one thousand years before the common era (Paris, Hachette, 1875); *La Bannière Bleue*, the adventures of a Muslim, a Christian, and a pagan at the time of the Crusades and the Mongolian conquest (ib. 1876); *Les Pilotes d\'Ango*, dealing with French history in the sixteenth century (ib. 1878); *Les Mercenaires*, set during the Punic Wars (ib. 1881); *Les Rois de Mer*, on the Norman invasions (Chasavay, 1887); *Hassan le Janissaire*, on Turkish military life in the sixteenth century (crowned by the French Academy); *La Tueuse*, scenes from the Mongol invasion of Hungary in the thirteenth century (1893). Cahun contributed many literary articles to the *Revue Bleue*, *Le Journal des Débats*, etc., and several critical, geographical, and ethnographical papers to the *Bulletin de la Société d\'Ethnographie*, *Bulletin de la Société Académique Indo-Chinoise* *Bulletin de la Société Japonaise*, *Bulletin de la Société Americaine*, *Bulletin de l\'Athénée Oriental*, etc.
In 1878 Cahun set out on a fresh series of journeys accompanied by his wife. The two intrepid travelers visited central Syria, the mountains of Ansairi (1878), the Faroe Islands and Iceland (1879), central Syria and Mesopotamia (1880). In 1879 the *Tour du Monde* published an account of his travels through Syria and the mountains of Ansairi. He also issued a volume treating the same subject, entitled *Excursions sur les Bords de l\'Euphrate* (Paris, 1884). His scholarly study of local customs, *Scènes de la Vie Juive en Alsace*, with preface by Zadoc Kahn, chief rabbi of Paris, appeared about the same time (ib. 1885). In 1884 he published *Le Congo, la Véridique Description du Royaume Africain, Traduite pour la Première Fois en Français sur l\'Edition Latine Faite par les Frères de Bry en 1598, d\'Après les Voyages Portugais et Notamment Celui d\'Edouard Lopez en 1578* (Brussels, 1884).
In 1890 Cahun established a course of lectures at the Sorbonne, where he taught the history and the geography of Asia. An abstract of one section of this course was incorporated in the *Histoire Générale* of Lavisse and Rambaud. Cahun\'s *Introduction Générale à l\'Histoire de l\'Asie* (1896), based on material gathered during his travels, is a complete and exact history of that continent. He also undertook the restoration of some ancient casts that are of great geographical interest. Some years before his death Cahun ceased writing for the Parisian periodicals, but to the end he contributed to *Le Phare de la Loire*. He left an unfinished history of the Arabs, and a historical novel dealing with the same topic. He was a member of several learned societies.
## Family
Cahun came from a distinguished family, who traced back its ancestry to the times of Louis IX of France,. His nephew, the son of Mathilde Cahun, Marcel Schwob (1867--1905), was a prolific French writer. French photographer and writer Claude Cahun (born Lucy Schwob, 1894--1954) was his great-niece.
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# Léon Cahun
## Influences on Turkish nationalism {#influences_on_turkish_nationalism}
Cahun\'s novel *La Bannière bleue* (1877) acted as a major source of inspiration for Turkish nationalist current in the Ottoman Empire and his history work *Introduction à l\'histoire de l\'Asie: Turcs et Mongols des origines à 1405* (1896) had great impact on the nationalistic historiography of the Republican era. Kemal Atatürk, the founder of the Republic had also been an avid reader of Cahun\'s *Introduction à l\'histoire de l\'Asie* which included influence of a Turkish race in the early development of the European civilization
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# Reliable Sources
\| related = *Inside Politics*\
*State of the Union*\
*Fareed Zakaria GPS* }} ***Reliable Sources*** is an American Sunday morning talk show that aired on CNN from 1992 to 2022. It focused on analysis of and commentary on the American news media. It aired from 11:00 AM to 12:00 PM ET, from CNN\'s WarnerMedia studios in New York City. It was also broadcast worldwide by CNN International.
The show was initially created to analyze the media\'s coverage of the Persian Gulf War, but went on to focus on the media\'s coverage of the Valerie Plame affair, the Iraq War, the outing of Mark Felt as Deep Throat, and many other events and internal media stories.
On August 18, 2022, CNN canceled the program, and host Brian Stelter announced his departure from the network. The final episode aired on August 21, 2022.
## History
The program debuted on March 7, 1992. Until 2009, it was broadcast as a stand-alone program, but on January 18, 2009, *Reliable Sources* became a segment during CNN\'s new Sunday morning political program *State of the Union with John King*, although it remained hosted by Howard Kurtz and retained its timeslot. In January 2010, after John King left the show, *Reliable Sources* again became its own show, moving back one hour in the process.
*Reliable Sources* reviews the coverage of the news stories of the past week by the media, in addition to news about the news media behind the scenes, all with a constantly changing group of online, print, and broadcast journalists. The segments also feature some one-on-one interviews with journalists taking part in a news event or covering a story, such as Bob Woodruff after his return to ABC News in February 2007 after his severe injuries in Iraq on January 29, 2006.
Bernard Kalb was the first host from 1992 to 1998.
Howard Kurtz hosted the program for fifteen years starting in 1998 before leaving CNN to join Fox News on July 1, 2013, where he became the host of *Media Buzz*, which aired opposite *Reliable Sources* on Sunday mornings and served as its direct competition from 2013 until *Reliable Sources* was cancelled in 2022. After Kurtz\'s departure, *Reliable Sources* used a rotating roster of guest hosts until December 8, 2013, when former *New York Times* reporter Brian Stelter became the program\'s permanent host.
From its debut until 2014, *Reliable Sources* was based at CNN\'s bureau in Washington, D.C. The program moved to the network\'s studios at Time Warner Center in New York City on September 21, 2014, where it remained until its cancellation in August 2022
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# Kélé
***Kélé*** is an Afro-Saint Lucian religion, originated from the Djiné people of the Babonneau region. Its primary deities are Ogun, Shango and Eshu. *Kélé* ceremonies include the drumming of the *tanbou manman* (*mother drum*) and the *tanbou ich* (*child drum*) of the Batá drum family. The religion has its origins in African slaves of the Babonneau region. The religion is strongly connected to the Ogun festival in Nigeria. Repressed by the Roman Catholic church until the early 1960s, it had been practiced in secrecy underground. The ritual includes the display of smooth stones (one of Shango\'s worship items) and iron or steel items in honor of Ogun. The faith itself is believed by some scholars to be a Saint Lucian version of Yoruba religion.
## Name
The name *Kélé* comes from the word *ikele*, which refers to white beads worn by Yoruba Shango devotees in Nigeria. The religion is also sometimes referred to as \"Chango.\"
## History
*Kélé* was introduced to Saint Lucia by enslaved Yoruba speakers. It was banned by colonial authorities in Saint Lucia
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# HMCS Antigonish
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# Henry Combs
**Henry Combs** (December 4, 1916 -- May 28, 2016) was a structural engineer at Clarence Johnson\'s famed Skunk Works division of Lockheed Corporation. He was Deputy Project Manager on the Lockheed U-2 program, Head Structural Engineer on the SR-71 Blackbird, and later, Technical Director of the Skunk Works. While he is most known for his integral work on the U-2, the SR-71 and the F-117 Nighthawk, he also worked on the F-104, Lockheed Constellation, C-130 Hercules, XP-58 Chain Lightning, and Lockheed JetStar.
Combs is revered as the father of the titanium A-12 structure. According to Ben Rich in \"Skunk Works\", Combs was the \"dean\" of the eight man structures group and an \"irascible genius\". Combs spoke on the U-2\'s development at the CIA\'s \"The CIA and the U-2 Program\" conference on 17 September 1998.
An accomplished sailplane (glider) pilot, Combs became famous within the soaring community for his weekly cross-country distance flights. Owing to the notable success of these flights, he became the leader of a fiercely loyal group of competition and cross-country sailplane pilots known as the \"Crystal Squadron\", based at Crystalaire gliderport in Llano, CA. From the mid 1980s through the early 2000s, this group of pilots, under Combs\' spiritual and technical leadership, flew hundreds of long-distance soaring flights from Southern California to Nevada, Utah, and Arizona. In 1998, he completed his 200th straight-out long-distance flight meeting or exceeding the FAI \"Diamond Badge\" distance of 311 miles (500 km).
He was also well known for his extensive modifications and performance tuning work on the classic Glasflugel H-301 Libelle sailplane. Because of the numerous aerodynamic improvements made by Combs to his aircraft, it was capable of achieving performance levels on a par with more modern aircraft flown by the other members of the group. The net effect of these expert aircraft modifications, combined with his excellent piloting skills, was that (to their amazement and chagrin) Combs was often able to fly farther and faster than the other members of the Crystal Squadron, many of whom had spent three or four times the money on far newer \"state of the art\" sailplanes. This served only to further perpetuate the \"irascible genius\" legend, long after his Skunk Works days had passed. His soaring legacy is honored by the Soaring Society of America\'s \"Henry Combs Perpetual Trophy\".
Combs died on May 28, 2016, at the age of 99
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# Georgiadis
**Georgiadis** is a Greek patronymic surname meaning \"the son of George\".
There are variations of the surname: The male version (Γεωργιάδης) can be spelled as \'Georgiadis\' or \'Georgiades\' and there are two female versions (Γεωργιάδη or Γεωργιάδου) spelled as \'Georgiadi\' or \'Georgiadou\'
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# 1836 in Ireland
Events from the year **1836 in Ireland**.
## Events
- 30 January -- the *Intrinsic* sinks off Kilkee with the loss of all fourteen on board.
- February -- foundation of the Ulster Bank in Belfast.
- 4 April -- Daniel O\'Connell gives a speech on \"Justice for Ireland\".
- 4 May -- the Ancient Order of Hibernians, an Irish Catholic fraternal organization, is founded in New York City.
- 23 May -- Irish Constabulary Act provides central organisation for the police in Ireland; an Act of 4 July provides for formation of a Dublin Police Office.
- 4 June -- *The Sligo Champion* newspaper is first published.
- August -- following one of the coldest summers in over fifty years there is widespread failure of the potato crop.
- 19 September -- first burial at Mount Jerome Cemetery in Harold\'s Cross, Dublin, a commercial Protestant burial ground.
- End of Tithe War.
- Foundation of the Royal Bank of Ireland, a constituent of Allied Irish Banks.
- Foundation of the Ulster Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.
- Irish emigration to Montevideo, Uruguay, peaks.
## Arts and literature {#arts_and_literature}
- Francis Sylvester Mahony\'s light verse *The Reliques of Father Prout* published.
## Births
- 17 January -- William MacCormac, surgeon (died 1901).
- 16 February -- Robert Halpin, master mariner (died 1894).
- May -- Thomas Lane, recipient of the Victoria Cross for gallantry in 1860 at the Taku Forts, China (died 1889).
- 9 June -- Henry Arthur McArdle, painter in the United States (died 1908).
- 27 June -- Walter Moxon, prominent physician (died 1886).
- 10 October -- Dalton McCarthy, lawyer and politician in Canada (died 1898).
- Lot Flannery, sculptor in the United States (died 1922).
## Deaths
- 31 March -- Edward Southwell Ruthven, Repealer politician and member of the United Kingdom Parliament (b. c. 1772)
- 8 August -- James Blackwood, 2nd Baron Dufferin and Claneboye, politician (born 1755)
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# Babonneau
**Babonneau** is one of the regions of the Caribbean island nation of Saint Lucia. Babonneau is located in the north of the island in the Castries Quarter. There are extensive rain forests in the region, which is an important source of fresh water for Saint Lucia. Babonneau is also an electoral constituency of Saint Lucia represented in the House of Assembly of Saint Lucia, which extends into Gros Islet District.
## Government
The Babonneau District is an electoral district represented in the House of Assembly of Saint Lucia. The district has been represented since July 2021 by Virginia Albert Poyotte as the Parliamentary Representative. The district elected their representative during the countries general elections.
## Region and communities within Babonneau {#region_and_communities_within_babonneau}
The area of Babonneau contains 16 rural settlements with a population in 2001 of 6,602 and area of 1196 acres. The people of Babonneau are mainly of African descent, descendants of slaves brought by the French and British to Saint Lucia in the 18th and 19th Centuries. The French explorer Joseph Gaspard Tascher de la Pagerie settled in Babonneau in 1763. French-based creole (kwéyòl) also known as Patois is the preferred spoken language in Babonneau.
The community of Babonneau is three miles from Castries. The name comes from either a family with that last name or the French word *barre-bonne-eau* meaning "the ridge where there is good water" in English.
Saint Lucia has claim to two Nobel Prize recipients:
- Sir Arthur Lewis (born in 1914), Nobel Prize for Economics
- Derek Walcott (born in 1930), Nobel Prize for Literature
Communities and sites within Babonneau include:
- Cacoa, population: 520, 13.98875 -60.95113 format=dms name=Cacoa
- Chassin, population: 310, 13.991 -60.92187 format=dms name=Chassin
- Babonneau Proper, population: 543, 14.00535 -60.9464 format=dms name=Babonneau Proper
- Cabiche, population: 564, 14.00583 -60.95432 format=dms name=Cabiche
- Resinard, population: 556, 14.00289 -60.942 format=dms name=Resinard
- En Pois Doux, population: 6, 13.98853 -60.94099 format=dms name=En Pois Doux
- Fond Assau, population: 706, 13.99491 -60.93626 format=dms name=Fond Assau
- Morne Assau, population: 36, 13.99079 -60.93241 format=dms name=Morne Assau
- Hill 20, population: 312, 13.99941 -60.94988 format=dms name=Hill 20
- Babonneau Estate, 14.00536 -60.92192 format=dms name=Babonneau Estate (Gros Islet District)
- Babonneau Secondary School, 14.0057 -60.9447 format=dms name=Babonneau Secondary School
- Babonneau River mouth, 13.9949 -60
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# 155 North Wacker
**155 North Wacker** is a 48-story skyscraper located in Chicago, Illinois designed by Goettsch Partners and was developed by the John Buck Company. It stands 638 feet (195 m). It has received LEED silver pre-certification. The construction started in 2007 and was completed in 2010. The building is featured in Transformers Dark of The Moon as the building the Driller destroys
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# Radio St. Lucia
**Radio St. Lucia** was a radio station on Saint Lucia, located on the Morne Castries, which operated from 1972 to 2017. For a long period it was the only radio station on the island. Its programming featured a mixture of news, music, and talk. They were once wholly owned and operated by the Government of Saint Lucia but were later privatised. The government shut the station down on 31 July 2017 citing financial losses and unpaid taxes
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# Arts in Minneapolis
Minneapolis is the largest city in the US state of Minnesota, and the county seat of Hennepin County.
Minneapolitans support a dozen large art, cultural, science, and historical museums alongside smaller galleries and museums, four large ballet, dance, and folkdance companies, as well as filmmakers groups and numerous theater companies. The city publishes updates to *The Minneapolis Plan for Arts and Culture* which has produced results such as the formal recognition of the Northeast Arts District in Northeast Minneapolis.
## Visual art {#visual_art}
The Minneapolis Institute of Arts, founded in 1883, is located near the Minneapolis College of Art and Design in south central Minneapolis. Designed by the New York architectural firm McKim, Mead and White, the original building opened its doors in 1915. Already the largest art museum in the city, the MIA expanded in 1974 with an addition designed by the late Japanese architect Kenzo Tange. In June 2006, the museum unveiled a new wing designed by architect Michael Graves. The Minneapolis Park Board collaborated with the Walker Art Center to build the outdoor Minneapolis Sculpture Garden near downtown and across the street from the center. The north wing of the Walker Art Center opened in 1971 and was designed by Edward Larrabee Barnes. In 2005, an expansion designed by Herzog & de Meuron opened that doubled the size of the museum and added new galleries, a restaurant, and a 385-seat theater. The Weisman Art Museum on the University of Minnesota campus offers a varied collection with strengths in early American modernism, ceramics, and Asian furniture. The Weisman is housed in a stainless steel building designed by architect Frank Gehry.
The Warehouse District adjoining downtown was a hub of studio and gallery activity in the 1980s and early 1990s, but increasing rents and a surge of condominium and retail development caused many artists and galleries to relocate to other areas of the city or to the Lowertown District of downtown Saint Paul. Despite the negative effects of gentrification on the neighborhood\'s art scene, the Warehouse District continues to be home to various studio buildings, commercial art galleries, and nonprofit arts organizations. The Traffic Zone Center for Visual Art (TZCVA), a prominent artist cooperative and exhibition space founded in 1995, anchors the eastern part of the district. The artist collective in Minneapolis, The Handicraft Guild founded in 1904, sits just outside the North Loop in the business district of downtown next to the headquarters of the Target corporation. South Minneapolis had the Soap Factory, an experimental art space the operated for 30 years before shutting down in 2019 due to financial issues.
Today, Northeast Minneapolis is a vibrant visual arts community in the city, including the Northeast Minneapolis Arts District established in 2001, and the Northeast Minneapolis Arts Association. Art-a-Whirl in May and The Art Attack at the Northrup-King building in November are open-studio events in Northeast Minneapolis. The Stone Arch Festival is held on the riverfront across from downtown. The Uptown Art Fair and art fairs in Loring Park and Powderhorn Park are held during August. Minnesota Center for Book Arts is known for supporting the traditional crafts of hand papermaking, letterpress printing and hand bookbinding, and contemporary art and artists utilizing these disciplines. Founded during the 1970s, the Women\'s Art Registry of Minnesota (WARM) collective and gallery was in Minneapolis until it moved to Saint Paul where it continues as a volunteer organization.
Juxtaposition Arts, located in Jordan, is a youth-oriented visual art center.
Beyond the Minneapolis Sculpture Garden, there are a number of outdoor artworks throughout Minneapolis including Jeff Barber\'s *Cottontail on the Trail* and the statue of Mary Tyler Moore on Nicollet Mall.
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# Arts in Minneapolis
## Music
Minneapolis presents live music performances of all kinds. Koerner, Ray & Glover played West Bank cafes while the Metropolitan Opera stopped at Northrop Auditorium. The State Theatre, Orpheum Theatre, Dakota, Walker Art Center and Guthrie Theater bring new music to Minneapolis. Bob Dylan, a Minnesota native, briefly spent time playing the Dinkytown folk music circuit. Classical music is performed at Orchestra Hall as well as small venues like the Bakken Library and Museum. The Minnesota Opera moved back to Minneapolis from Saint Paul in 1990, one of seven opera companies now operating in the area, including the Mill City Summer Opera. Concerts at stadiums and theaters in the area continue to draw the world\'s finest musicians. The MacPhail Center for Music founded in 1907 built new facilities near the Mississippi riverfront in 2006. Prince is Minneapolis\'s most famous musical progeny. With fellow local musicians, many of whom recorded at Twin/Tone Records, he helped make First Avenue & 7th Street Entry and Minneapolis one of the most important music venues in the United States. The Time, The Replacements, The Jayhawks, Lifter Puller, Hüsker Dü, Soul Asylum, Boiled in Lead, Tapes \'n Tapes, Motion City Soundtrack, Dosh and Happy Apple are well known Minneapolis acts. The city has garnered notice for rap and hip hop and the underground group Atmosphere, as well as various other hip-hop artists on the independent label Rhymesayers Entertainment such as P.O.S, Eyedea, DJ Abilities and Brother Ali. A home to poetry readings in live music venues, Minneapolis has also developed a vibrant spoken word community. The Minnesota Boychoir now serving Minnesota for 52 years is a big part of the culture in Minnesotan Choral culture.
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# Arts in Minneapolis
## Theater
The Twin Cities has an active live theater scene and is the third-largest theater market in the U.S. after New York City and Chicago, supporting the Jungle, Mixed Blood, Skewed Visions, the Brave New Workshop, Theater Latté Da and the Children\'s Theatre Company.
The Guthrie Theater has 32,000 subscribers and moved in 2006 to a riverfront complex designed by Jean Nouvel for three stages---thrust (1,100 seats), proscenium (700 seats) and experimental (200 seats). The 178-foot cantilevered bridge to the Mississippi is open to visitors during box office hours. Founder Tyrone Guthrie who directed a modern-dress production of *Hamlet* for the opening in 1963, was devoted to innovation. For the opening of the new Guthrie, artistic director Joe Dowling chose *The Real Thing*.
Minneapolis purchased and renovated three historic theaters on Hennepin Avenue which are leased and managed through 2035 by a non-profit trust and guaranteed by Clear Channel Communications subsidiary SFX Entertainment and spin-off Live Nation. The Orpheum (2,618 seats), the State (2,181 seats) and the Pantages (900 seats) were built between 1916 and 1921 for vaudeville, movies and music and now offer concerts and Broadway and off-Broadway shows.
## Literature
The Loft Literary Center founded in 1974 and The Playwrights\' Center support many of the writers, poets, and playwrights who flourish in the area.
## Dance
A number of dance and performance arts organizations are based in Minneapolis. These include organizations that range from the James Sewell Ballet to Cheer, Dorothy, Cheer!, a six-person troop that performs choreographed cheerleader inspired routines.
The historic Shubert Theatre building was physically moved three blocks to a new location on Hennepin Avenue adjacent to the Hennepin Center for the Arts. The Shubert (now Goodale Theater) and HCA combined to form the Cowles Center for Dance and the Performing Arts
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# Julian Fane (musician)
**Julian Fane** is an electronic producer, vocalist and DJ based in New York. He is originally from Vancouver, British Columbia where he came to the attention of the Planet Mu imprint. Two albums Special Forces (2004) and Our New Quarters (2007) followed but for the past few years he\'s recorded primarily for film and TV. His ethereal perspective evokes the sounds of Sigur Rós and The Flaming Lips whilst his musical range compares to that of Boards Of Canada and Mercury Rev, a true reflection of his skills behind the big screen.
In 2013 Julian signed with Lewis Recordings. His release *Racer* is a nine-track album with hints of the aforementioned Sigur Rós and Boards Of Canada, Kraftwerk and Jai Paul.
Julian provided the keyboards on the \"Daylight For Delay\" EP by Astoria
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# Horse Shoe Brewery
thumb\|upright=1.2\|alt=Etching of brewery working; two drays of horses pull deliveries away from the building.\|Horseshoe Brewery, London, c. 1800 The **Horse Shoe Brewery** was an English brewery in the City of Westminster that was established in 1764 and became a major producer of porter, from 1809 as **Henry Meux & Co**. It was the site of the London Beer Flood in 1814, which killed eight people after a porter vat burst. The brewery was closed in 1921.
## History
### Early history {#early_history}
The brewery tap, the Horseshoe, was established in 1623, and was named after the shape of its first dining room. The brewery was named after the tavern. The Horse Shoe Brewery was established in 1764 on the junction of Tottenham Court Road and Oxford Street. By at least 1785 it was owned by Thomas Fassett. By 1786--87, it had the 11th largest output of porter of any London brewery, producing 40,279 barrels a year.
By 1792 the brewery was owned by John Stephenson the younger, son of John Stephenson the elder. In 1794, after Stephenson\'s early death, the brewery ownership passed to Edward Biley. He ran the brewery until January 1809 when he was joined in partnership by John Blackburn and Edward Gale Bolero. Towards the end of 1809 the brewery was acquired by Henry Meux, who had been a partner in one of the largest of London\'s porter brewers, Meux Reid of the Griffin Brewery in Clerkenwell. The company traded under the name Henry Meux & Co. The horseshoe became part of the Meux identity and was incorporated into its logo. By 1811 annual production had reached 103,502 barrels, making it the sixth largest brewer of porter in London. In 1813/14 the Horse Shoe brewery merged with or acquired Clowes & Co of Bermondsey.
### 1814 disaster
On the 17 October 1814, corroded hoops on a large vat at the brewery prompted the sudden release of about 7,600 impbbl of porter. The resulting torrent caused severe damage to the brewery\'s walls and was powerful enough to cause several heavy wooden beams to collapse. The flood\'s severity was exacerbated by the landscape, which was generally flat. The brewery was located in a densely populated and tightly packed area of squalid housing (known as the rookery). Many of these houses had cellars. To save themselves from the rising tide of alcohol, some of the occupants were forced to climb on furniture. Several adjoining houses were severely damaged, and eight people killed.{{#tag:ref\|A contemporary report describes several fatalities; a woman and her daughter, the latter carried \"through a partition\" and \"dashed to pieces\"; a female servant in the local Tavistock Arms pub suffocated. The names given are Ann Saville, about 35 years old; Eleanor Cooper, between 15 and 16 years old, servant to Mr Hawse at the Tavistock Arms; Hannah Barnfield, four-and-a-half years old; Mrs Butler, her daughter, grand daughter, and three others, names unknown. Three brewery workers were rescued. One person was dug out alive, two brothers were severely injured. Several people were reported missing.\|group=\"nb\"}} The accident cost the brewery about £23,000, although it petitioned Parliament for about £7,250 in excise drawback, saving it from bankruptcy.
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# Horse Shoe Brewery
## History
### Post 1814 {#post_1814}
After the disaster, the brewery continued to be one of the largest producers of porter in London throughout the 19th century. Henry Meux was created a baronet in 1831, and on his death in 1841 his son, also Henry, took over. Production of ale began in 1872. Meux employed three partners to manage the brewery: Richard Berridge, Dudley Coutts Marjoribanks and William Arabin. In 1878, Henry Bruce Meux (later 3rd baronet) and Marjoribanks (later Lord Tweedmouth) took over management of the company, which they renamed Meux\'s Brewery Company Ltd when they registered it as a public company in 1888. Henry Bruce Meux died childless in 1900, and his wife, Valerie, Lady Meux, inherited his share of the brewery. She took a liking to Admiral Hedworth Lambton, and he received her large share of the Horse Shoe Brewery when she died in 1910, on condition he changed his name to Meux, which he did.
The Horse Shoe Brewery closed in 1921. By this time the site covered 103,000 sqft, but there was no available land to expand. Production was transferred to the Thorne Brothers\' Nine Elms brewery in Wandsworth, which the company had bought in 1914. The Nine Elms brewery was renamed the Horse Shoe Brewery. The original Horse Shoe Brewery was demolished in 1922, and in 1928--29 the Dominion Theatre was erected on the site.
In 1956, Meux merged with Friary, Holroyd and Healy of Guildford to form Friary Meux, which went into liquidation in November 1961 and the company was acquired by Allied Breweries in 1964. The Horse Shoe Brewery ceased to brew in 1966. Friary Meux was revived by Allied in 1979 as a brand name for its public houses, but disappeared after Allied\'s pubs were sold to Punch Taverns in 1999.
The former brewery tap is now a branch of Halifax bank, but there are still traces of the Meux brand in London. Notable, until demolition in 2015, was the \"Meux\'s Original London Stout\" logo on the side of the derelict The Sir George Robey public house in Seven Sisters Road near Finsbury Park station
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# Ropes Creek railway line
`{{Maplink|frame=yes|type=line}}`{=mediawiki} The **Ropes Creek Line** is a closed railway line in the western suburbs of Sydney, Australia.
## History
The Ropes Creek line was named after a nearby creek bearing the same name. It was built during World War II to transport munitions factory workers to and from St Marys. The line opened from St Marys to Dunheved on 1 March 1942 and Dunheved to Ropes Creek on 29 June 1942. When electrification arrived in the 1950s, there was a plan to electrify the Ropes Creek line. For the most part all the sidings in the Dunheved station area were electrified to enable the New South Wales Government Railways (NSWGR) to use electric locomotives of the 46 class to shunt trains without the need to change to diesel-electric or diesel-hydraulic locomotives.
While the line was being electrified, a new station named Cochrane was opened on 2 September 1957. Towards the end of train operation on the line, freight wagons were shunted into the Sims Metal plant which was about two kilometres from the junction with the Main Western line, and there was normally one passenger train in the morning and one in the afternoon, generally formed by a four-car single-deck suburban train, locally known as a red rattler.
The line was closed to passenger rail traffic in the early 1980s, following a downturn in passengers and munitions traffic, but remained open to freight traffic for Sims Metal. However, when that was switched to road traffic the line closed and lay idle for a number of years. On 22 March 1986, the line was officially closed forever, with an enthusiasts\' special being the last train to traverse the section. Not long after that, the overhead power supply was removed.
Between Boxing Day 1990 and 8 January 1991 there was a major shut-down due to track work between St Marys and Glenbrook stations, and the line was temporarily reopened as far as Dunheved to allow suburban trains that normally stabled at Penrith to be stabled in the four-track yard, and on the platform 2 or \"down\" track on the branch. At the completion of the track work, the line was once again closed.
Overhead wiring for approximately 10 car lengths was retained at the St Marys end of the branch, where it turned off the main western line, to provide a terminating point for trains used on \"Y\" Link services. With the abolition of \"Y\" link services to St Marys in 2005, the overhead wiring and associated components were subsequently removed.
At Dunheved railway station, a fenced-in compound was constructed on the down branch and down no. 1 siding, and two suburban carriages - Comeng S set motor car C3866 and Tangara car N5127 - were stored there for use by the NSW Fire Brigade for training purposes. The carriages and the compound didn\'t last long because local vandals destroyed both vehicles.
Rails on the branch were still in place in 1996 but by 2001 track lifting had commenced. The first part of the line to be removed was the area outside Sims Metal, to allow the extension of Christie Street between Dunheved Road and across South Creek. The next section of track, the Links Road level crossing, was covered with tar and concrete.
## Electrification timetables {#electrification_timetables}
1 December 1957\
Down:
- 5:15 am. From North Sydney, all stations to Redfern, then Ashfield and all stations to Ropes Creek (except Rookwood).
- 5:28 am. From North Sydney, all stations to Redfern, then Burwood and all stations to Ropes Creek (except Rookwood).
- 5:45 am. From Granville, all stations to Ropes Creek.
- 7:33 am. From St Marys, all stations to Ropes Creek (Dunheved, Cochrane & Ropes Creek).
- 2:00 pm. From Hornsby, all to Redfern, the Burwood and all stations to Ropes Creek (except Rookwood).
Up:
- 6:55 am. From Ropes Creek, all station to Lidcombe, then Strathfield, Burwood, Redfern, and all stations to Gordon.
- 7:07 am. From Ropes Creek, all stations to Lidcombe, then Strathfield, Redfern, and all stations to North Sydney.
- 4:10 pm. From Ropes Creek, all stations to Ashfield (except Rookwood), then Redfern, all stations to North Sydney, then Artarmon, and all stations to Hornsby.
- 4:16 pm. From Ropes Creek, all stations to Burwood (except Rookwood), then Redfern, all stations to North Sydney, then Artarmon, and all stations to Hornsby.
- 5:18 pm. From Ropes Creek, Cochrane, Dunheved & St Marys only.
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# Ropes Creek railway line
## Today
The formerly electrified line, which boasted three stations (Dunheved, Cochrane and Ropes Creek), has been truncated at the Sims Metal recycling facility on Christie Street, Dunheved, and all track and overhead wiring beyond that point has been removed.
Other than the island platform, the only remnants of Dunheved station are the footbridge, including the steps leading to the island platform, with the remains of an electrical hut located under the stairs. A large hole in the platform with a few metal pulleys is the only remaining evidence that a signal box was located within the station building.
In April 2011, the stairs were removed and the railings on the footbridge made good. The stairs had been the standard pattern pre-cast concrete on steel framework, and had weathered to the point where the concrete was crumbling. The old platform retains its former appearance and there is a park on its northern side. At one stage, the rail formation and yard area at the western end of Dunheved station were used by a local company for the storage of concrete pipes.
A satellite view of the line north of Links Rd (Dunheved) on NSWRail Maps 22 April 2008 showed that urban sprawl had meant that the site of Cochrane Railway Station had disappeared under Ropes Crossing Boulevard. Ropes Creek railway station was under threat of extinction due to earthworks associated with the construction of local roads, and the expansion of the new suburb of Ropes Crossing was well under way.
At 8 June 2009, Ropes Creek station platform has been heavily excavated and shortened to approximately 50 m, with only the area containing the overhead footbridge and platform buildings remaining and fenced off from public access. This has been designated a heritage area. Within this fenced off area, signals (both semaphore and colour light) along with other various pieces of track-side equipment was dumped in piles with no regard to their heritage importance. A large sign on the fence indicated that the station would be part of a proposed \"Cultural Park\".
During 2014, the remnants of the station were converted to a local park for Ropes Crossing residents, with the remaining platform, overhead beams, rail tracks and old machinery featured as design elements. The park also displays two reproduction station signs on the platform reading \"Ropes Creek Station\".
Owing to the Campbelltown to St Marys (Cumberland Line) trains now operating along Richmond railway line towards Richmond or Schofields, and the abolition of *The River* (the St Marys to Wyong service), there is now no requirement for the electrification of the storage sidings on the former Ropes Creek Line. Overhead wiring between the points on the Up Main to the Up Storage Sidings and the electric train stop boards has been removed. The sidings are now used for the storage of track machines during rail shut-downs or whenever scrapped rolling stock is delivered to the Sims Metal recycling plant.
Early stage planning for Outer Sydney Orbital, a transport corridor travelling from Marsden Park, New South Wales in the north, to Menangle, New South Wales in the south, clearly shows a rail line turning to pass through the vicinity of the Dunheved railway station, possibly due to future shipping requirements of the area to relieve current road transport. The line then returns to the main corridor, and does not continue to Ropes Crossing.
## Station buildings {#station_buildings}
The station buildings along the line were built from different materials.
- Dunheved station was a weatherboard building in which the station master\'s office/booking office, waiting room and store room was destroyed when vandals broke in and set it on fire on the evening of 20 November 1983. It had a 32 lever frame to operate signals and points.
- Cochrane station was classed as unattended with no booking office facilities and a roadway bridge over the middle of the station. It had a waiting room on platform 1 (up branch) and awnings over both platforms.
- Ropes Creek station was of weatherboard construction, commonly used at the time by the NSWGR. It had a 40 lever frame to operate signals and points. It had a waiting room and toilet facilities. At the foot of the stairs, a small weatherboard structure was provided for station staff to stand in while tickets were collected. In June 2011, the station building was destroyed by fire.
There is now a notice at the southern end of the site indicating that an historical centre may be erected
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# Apt. (album)
***Apt.*** (short for *apartment*) is the fifth album by Chilean singer Nicole. It was released in July, 2006, but was reformed in November, 2007. Her genre consists of electropop, poprock, and pop.
## Track listing {#track_listing}
1. \"**Si Vienes Por Mi**\" -- 3:17
2. \"**Culpables**\" -- 4:16
3. \"Bipolar\" -- 2:40
4. \"La Última Vez\" -- 3:22
5. \"**No Me Confundas**\" -- 3:31
6. \"1-800-Nasty-Show\" -- 3:18
7. \"**Veneno**\" -- 2:55
8. \"Trapped In Time\" -- 3:39
9. \"**El Camino**\" -- 3:24
10. \"Rapture\" -- 4:26
11. \"Veneno\" (Portuguese version) -- 2:58
12
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# Buckingham Land District
**Buckingham Land District** is one of the twenty land districts of Tasmania which are part of the Lands administrative divisions of Tasmania. It was formerly Buckingham County, one of the 18 counties of Tasmania and one of the first eleven proclaimed in 1836 and is bordered to the north by the River Derwent, and to the south by the Huon River. It includes Bruny Island. Hobart is located in the county. It was named after the then county of England.
An earlier Buckingham County existed from 24 September 1804 until 1813 as an administrative division whilst Van Diemen\'s Land was administered as two units. It was defined as all of Van Diemen\'s Land south of the 42nd parallel (between Trial Harbour and Friendly Beaches, and governed by David Collins. Cornwall County occupied the remainder of the island.
## The original parishes {#the_original_parishes}
On 15 January 1836 George Arthur, the Lieutenant Governor of the Island of Van Diemen\'s Land proclaimed, via The Hobart Town Courier, the first counties and parishes to be surveyed in the colony.
> The County of Buckingham, bounded on the north by the river Derwent from its confluence with river Florentine to the sea; on the west by the river Florentine to its source, and thence by a line to the source of the river Huon, and by that river to the sea. This county to include Bruni island, the Egg islands, Huon island, Garden island, Partridge island, Penguin island, Satellite island, Green island, Snake island, Arch island, Actaeon island, and all other islands in D\'Entrecasteaux channel
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# Microsoft Enterprise Agreement
**EA/SA** (**Enterprise Agreement/Software Assurance**) is a volume licensing package offered by Microsoft. It primarily targets large organizations which have 500 or more personal computers. The minimum quantity was increased from 250 to 500 on 1 July 2016, but it remains at 250 for public sector customers. Other programs, including Open Value, Open License and Select License, are geared towards smaller organizations.
The Enterprise Agreement, whose price is tiered to the number of computers or users being licensed, is a three-year contract which covers all software licensing and updates for one client system. An option is given at contract termination to renew for one or three additional years.
Software products licensed under the contract include Windows 10, Microsoft Office and the core Client Access Licenses for Windows Server, Exchange, System Center and SharePoint, which allow the computer to legally access Microsoft servers over a network
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# Pierre Roques
**Pierre Auguste Roques** (28 December 1856 -- 26 February 1920) was a French general and creator of the French air force.
## Biography
Born to a modest family in Marseillan, Hérault, his lively intelligence earned him a study grant that allowed him to prepare for the entrance examinations to the École Polytechnique. He entered the École Polytechnique in 1877 and became a friend of Joseph Joffre. Having chosen the military engineering branch of the army he was commissioned as an officer in 1879 (at that time, more engineering than military). During his colonial campaigns, he created a vast number of structures (railways, bridges, roads) in Tonkin, Algeria and, above all, in Madagascar. According to historians, this island owes a large part of its infrastructure to Roques. By 1906, Roques had been promoted to the rank of *général de brigade*.
As Director of Engineering, Roques was preoccupied from 1906 with the management of the new air service. He was the founder and organiser of French military aviation, and was appointed the Permanent Inspector of Military Aeronautics in 1910. The 1911 aeroplane contest in Reims - the world\'s first - was intended to allow the French military to evaluate and buy \'scientifically\' its first aeroplanes. Roques decided the *établissements d\'aéronautique* (aeronautical establishments) should be called *escadrilles* (squadrons) and *aéroplanes* should henceforth be called *avions*, after the name chosen by Clément Ader for his own aircraft and in homage to this visionary engineer with whom he corresponded regularly. It was also Roques who initiated the *carnet de vol* (pilot\'s log book) system, still in use today. The names introduced by Roques quickly came to be generally accepted as part of the French lexicon.
At the outbreak of the First World War, he was the commanding general of the 12th Corps. By January 1915 he had become the commander of the First Army.
Roques was appointed Minister of War in March 1916 after it had been ensured that the Commander-in-Chief Joffre, who had been criticised by the previous incumbent General Gallieni, had no objection to his appointment. Roques was sent on a fact-finding mission to Salonika after Britain, Italy and Russia had pushed for the dismissal of Sarrail, the theatre commander. To the surprise of Prime Minister Briand and Joffre, Roques returned recommending that Sarrail\'s forces be built up to thirty divisions ready for an attack on Bulgaria. He did not specifically praise Sarrail, but recommended that Sarrail no longer report to Joffre. Coming on the back of the disappointing results of the Somme campaign and the defeat of Romania, Roques' report further discredited Briand and Joffre and began the political manoeuvres which led to Joffre\'s removal. On 13 December Briand formed a new government, replacing Roques with Lyautey.
Subsequently, Roques served briefly as the commander of the Fourth Army and then as the Inspector General of Works and Organization for the French Army until February 1919.
His war service exhausted him and he died at Saint-Cloud in 1920. Buried initially in his native Marseillan, his remains were transferred to the Hôtel des Invalides in Paris
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# Phineas Miner
**Phineas Miner** (November 27, 1777 -- September 15, 1839) was a United States representative from Connecticut. He was born in Winchester, Connecticut where he completed preparatory studies. Later, he studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1797. He commenced his practice in Winchester.
Miner was elected justice of the peace in 1809. He was a member of the Connecticut House of Representatives in 1809, 1811, 1813, 1814, and 1816. He moved to Litchfield, Connecticut in 1816 where he was again a member of the House of Representatives in 1823, 1827, and 1829. He also served in the Connecticut Senate in 1830 and 1831. Miner was elected as an Anti-Jacksonian to the Twenty-third Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Jabez W. Huntington and served from December 1, 1834, to March 3, 1835. After leaving Congress, he resumed the practice of law and again served in the Connecticut House of Representatives in 1835. He was elected a judge of the probate court for Litchfield district in 1838.
Miner died in Litchfield, Connecticut on September 15, 1839, and was buried in the East Burying Ground
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# Experimental Talking Clock
The \"**Experimental Talking Clock**\" was recorded c. 1878 by inventor Frank Lambert. It was long thought to be the world\'s oldest playable sound recording and is listed in both the *Guinness Book of World Records* and *The Encyclopedia of Recorded Sound* as such; however, an older phonautogram recording of \"Au clair de la lune\" from 1860 by Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville was reproduced for the first time in 2008 with the aid of modern technology. The talking clock is still the oldest recording that can be played back with its own mechanism, without the involvement of digital technology.
The recording cylinder of the Experimental Talking Clock is a part of the recording device itself and cannot be easily changed. Seeking to create a more durable recording, Lambert chose to experiment with a cylinder made of lead rather than the more common practice of recording onto a wrapping of tin foil. Lasting 1 minute 40 seconds, the hand-cranked recording features an assortment of peculiar sounds, from Lambert calling out the hours of the day to indistinct speech and what may be chimes or bells. Portions of the recording sound in reverse, which raises the possibility that the phonograph may have been cranked counter-clockwise during certain points of recording
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# Amen Corner (musical)
***Amen Corner*** is a musical with a book by Philip Rose and Peter Udell, lyrics by Udell, music by Garry Sherman, orchestration by Garry Sherman & Dunn Pearson and dance arrangements by Dunn Pearson & George Butcher, based on the 1954 play of the same title by James Baldwin. The score consists of mostly gospel-inspired music.
## Synopsis
Margaret Alexander, the pastor of a storefront church in Harlem in the early 1960s loses some of her sheen of righteousness in the eyes of her poor but devout, congregation, when her wayward jazz-trombonist husband Luke returns after many years, now ill. Luke had always been trouble, and Sister Margaret had tried to keep him out of the life of her son, David, who she wants to become pastor some day. Now David wants to see his father, and Luke claims to have changed. Meanwhile, members of the church have seen David sneaking out to bars at night. Some argue that Margaret should step down as pastor.
Margaret struggles with her feelings for her husband, who says he still loves her, and her teenaged son, David, who has lost his faith and threatens to leave home. She finally reconciles with her dying husband, which purges her of her bitterness, and finds the strength to continue her religious mission.
## Original cast and characters {#original_cast_and_characters}
Character Broadway (1983)
-------------------- ---------------------------
Margaret Alexander Rhetta Hughes
Sister Moore colspan=\"1" \|Jean Cheek
Odessa colspan=\"1" \|Ruth Brown
David Alexander Keith Lorenzo Amos
Sister Boxer Helena Joyce-Wright
Brother Boxer Chuck Cooper
Luke Alexander Roger Robinson
## Song list {#song_list}
Act I
- \"The Amen Corner\"
- \"It Ain\'t No Fault Of His\"
- \"That Woman Can\'t Play No Piano\"
- \"In the Real World\"
- \"You Ain\'t Gonna Pick Up Where You Left Off\"
- \"In the Real World (Reprise)\"
- \"We Got a Good Thing Goin\'\"
- \"Heat Sensation\"
- \"Everytime We Call It Quits\"
Act II
- \"Somewhere Close By\"
- \"Leanin\' on the Lord\"
- \"I\'m Already Gone\"
- \"Love Dies Hard\"
- \"Rise Up and Stand Again\"
## Production history {#production_history}
After 12 previews, the Broadway production, directed by Rose and choreographed by Al Perryman, opened on November 10, 1983, at the Nederlander Theatre, where it ran for 28 performances. The cast included Rhetta Hughes as Margaret, Keith Lorenzo Amos as David, Roger Robinson as Luke, Ruth Brown as Odessa, Helena-Joyce Wright as Sister Boxer, Jean Cheek as Sister Moore, and Chuck Cooper as Brother Boxer. Hughes was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Musical. The production received poor reviews.
The musical was produced in Philadelphia by the Philadelphia Drama Guild in 1986 and has been produced a number of times since
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# Jon Doust
**Jon Doust** is a comedian, writer, novelist and professional speaker, born in Bridgetown, Western Australia, who lives in Albany, Western Australia. He gained a BA majoring in English from the Western Australian Institute of Technology (now Curtin University) and worked in farming, retailing and journalism before pursuing a career in comedy and writing.
## Comedy
He has performed at a number of comedy venues and festivals, including the Amnesty International Comedy Festival in Sydney and the *Palandri International Comedy Festival* in Margaret River. He has supported local and international comedy acts including Alexei Sayle, Hale and Pace, Richard Stubbs, Rachel Berger and illusionist Robert Gallop.
He has been a regular voice on local ABC radio stations, including at one stage a regular inhabitant of the Sunday radio programmes of Peter Holland among others. He was a regular guest on ABC Radio\'s Ted Bull programme.
Doust was a guest lecturer at the Curtin University Business School\'s Centre for Entrepreneurship and for many years ran a University of Western Australia Extension Program course entitled *How to Laugh Your Way out of a Paper bag*, in collaboration with others including Steve Wells and Don Smith.
## Politics
In the 1993 Australian federal election, he unsuccessfully stood for the seat of Curtin against incumbent Allan Rocher gaining only 428 votes (0.59%). His campaign slogan was \"Put me last!\". In the 1998 Australian federal election he stood against sitting member Geoff Prosser in the seat of Forrest, this time gaining 424 votes (0.56%).
## Writing
Doust has co-authored with Ken Spillman two children\'s books, *Magpie Mischief* (2002) and *Magwheel Madness* (2005) - both published by Fremantle Arts Centre Press, as well as short stories published in anthologies and *The West Australian* newspaper. He has also self-published two small books titled *How to lose an election* and *Letters to the police and other species*.
Early in his career he was a writer for Perth\'s *Sunday Times* newspaper as a reviewer of computer technology. He was later a columnist on the weekend edition of The West Australian newspaper, with clearly autobiographical references in his work.
He was shortlisted for the Western Australian Writer\'s Fellowship at the 2020 Western Australian Premier\'s Book Awards.
### Novels
Doust\'s novels are *Boy on a Wire*, *To the Highlands* and *Return Ticket*.
- *Boy on a Wire* is based on boarding school experiences in Perth, Western Australia.
- *To the Highlands* was based on experiences on a South Pacific island.
- *Return Ticket* has included experiences between Australia, South Africa and Kibbutz living in Israel.
## Works
- \(1992\) *Letters to the police --- and other species* with George Gosh. Lesmurdie, W.A: Wordplay.
- \(1993\) *Better than a poke in the eye: a few notes, tips and things to do to help you increase the laughage in your life* Lesmurdie W.A.: Wordplay.
- \(1993\) *How to --- lose an election* Lesmurdie, W.A: Wordplay.
- \(2002\) with Ken Spillman *Magpie mischief* (illustrations by Marion Duke). Fremantle, W.A. Fremantle Arts Centre Press. `{{ISBN|1-86368-355-0}}`{=mediawiki}
- \(2005\) with Ken Spillman *Magwheel madness* (illustrations by Marion Duke). Fremantle, W.A. Fremantle Arts Centre Press. `{{ISBN|1-920731-76-8}}`{=mediawiki}
- \(2009\) *Boy on a Wire*, Fremantle Press, `{{ISBN|978-1-921361-45-6}}`{=mediawiki}
- \(2012\) *To the Highlands*, Fremantle Press, `{{ISBN|978-1-921888-77-9}}`{=mediawiki}
- \(2020\) *Return Ticket*, Fremantle Press, `{{ISBN|978-1-925816-39-6}}`{=mediawiki}
## Anthologies
- \(1997\) *Great Australian Bites*, ed. Dave Warner, Fremantle Arts Centre Press.
- \(1997\) *Fathers in Writing*, ed. Ross Fitzgerald and Ken Spillman, Tuart House
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# National Research and Development Foundation
The **National Research and Development Foundation** is a private non-governmental organization in Saint Lucia, organized in 1983. The Foundation emerged from the Caribbean Research Center, which similarly promoted research and development in Saint Lucia.
The NRDF presently offers a host of learning programmes aimed at improving the standard of education in Saint Lucia. The available courses include master\'s degrees, Bachelor\'s degrees, Advanced Diplomas, as well as a host of vocational courses for young people who may not have completed their secondary school education
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# Charles Archibald Nichols
**Charles Archibald Nichols** (August 25, 1876 -- April 25, 1920) was an American journalist and politician from the U.S. state of Michigan who served three terms in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1915 to 1920.
## Early life and education {#early_life_and_education}
Nichols was born to Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Whitney Nichols in Boyne City, Michigan, and attended the public schools. He engaged in newspaper work as reporter and criminal investigator for the *Detroit Journal* and the *Detroit News* from 1898 to 1905. He served as secretary of the police department of the city of Detroit from 1905 to 1908 and as city clerk from 1908 to 1912.
## United States House of Representatives {#united_states_house_of_representatives}
In 1914, Nichols was elected as a Republican from the newly created 13th congressional district of Michigan to the 64th United States Congress. He was twice re-elected to the 65th and 66th Congresses, serving from March 4, 1915, until his death in 1920. He was chairman of the Committee on the Census in the 66th Congress.
## Death
Charles A. Nichols died in office, in Washington, D.C., and is interred in Grand Lawn Cemetery, Detroit, Michigan. Clarence McLeod was elected to fill the vacant seat
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# András Domahidy
**András Kálmán Viktor Domahidy** (23 February 1920 -- 8 August 2012) was a contemporary Hungarian-Australian, novelist and librarian. His novels were written in Hungarian.
Born in Satu Mare, in northwestern Romania, András Domahidy completed a PhD in law at Budapest University and served in the Royal Hungarian Army towards the close of World War II. In 1950 he emigrated to Australia, settling in Perth and obtaining a BA at the University of Western Australia. Until his retirement in 1985 he was a senior librarian at the university.
Domahidy started writing in the 1950s and his novels *Vénasszonyok nyara* (*Indian Summer*, 1969) and *Árnyak és asszonyok* (*Shadows and Women*, 1979) were published in Europe. *Shadows and Women* has since been published in English translation in Australia
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# Cody Jones
**Cody Jones** (born May 3, 1951) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the San Jose State Spartans and played pro ball for the Los Angeles Rams from 1974 to 1982
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# James Ebenezer Bicheno
**James Ebenezer Bicheno** (25 January 1785 -- 25 February 1851) was a British author and colonial official.
Bicheno was born in Newbury, Berkshire, the son of the Rev. James Bicheno, who was minister of the Baptist Church there. He was called to the bar in 1822 but seems to have spent most of his time until 1832 in writing and natural history pursuits, especially with the Linnean Society. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in May, 1827.
In 1832 he left London to live at Ty Maen, South Cornelly, Glamorgan, where he had been one of the founders of the Maesteg Ironworks in 1826. and where he was a friend of Lewis Weston Dillwyn. This investment ultimately failed and he needed to look for an income.
During his years in south Wales Bicheno held conservative views at a time of considerable social and economic change. He was certainly anti-Chartist as his correspondence with the Marquis of Bute (John Crichton-Stuart), the Lord Lieutenant of Glamorgan, clearly shows. He was ever vigilant regarding Chartism in the Maesteg district and sent regular reports of any radical activity to the Marquis.
He was appointed colonial secretary of Van Diemen\'s Land in September 1842. He was a keen amateur botanist and experimented with plants on his small farm on the banks of the New Town Rivulet. He had several papers on botany and natural history published in its *Transactions* and assisted Sir William Jardine in preparing the two volumes of *Illustrations of Ornithology* (Edinburgh, 1830). He lectured on botany to the Mechanics\' Institute and had papers published in the *Transactions of the Royal Society of Tasmania*.
He enjoyed books, good food and wine, music and art. His library of 2,500 books was considered the best in the colony.
Bicheno was a large man, and it was said that he could fit three full bags of wheat in his trousers.
## Commemoration
- Bicheno, a town on the east coast of Tasmania, Australia was named after him.
- Bicheno\'s finch (*Taeniopygia bichenovii*) was named to commemorate him
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# Stella F. Thayer
**Stella F. Thayer** (born December 27, 1940, in Tampa, Florida) is a vice-chair and former president of the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame.
## Biography
Thayer, president of Tampa Bay Downs, succeeded John T. von Stade, becoming the museum\'s ninth president in 2005. She had been a museum trustee since 1994, previously serving as an executive vice-president before being elected president.
The daughter of Chester Howell Ferguson, for whom the University of South Florida's College of Business Administration building is named, Thayer has been active in thoroughbred racing and has been in ownership with her brother, Howell Ferguson, of Tampa Bay Downs since 1986. She previously served as president of the Thoroughbred Racing Association for a two-year term, beginning in 1999. She is also a member of the Lykes Family of Florida that wholly owns Lykes Bros. Inc with 337000 acres of land holdings (526 sq miles) including cattle ranching, forestry, sod, sugarcane farms, insurance, and ecoassets.
Thayer graduated in 1962 from Hollins College in Virginia and earned her law degree in 1965 at Columbia Law School. A member of the Florida, New Jersey and New York bars, she is an attorney and shareholder in the Tampa-based law firm of Macfarlane, Ferguson and McMullen where she is engaged in the practice of Estate Planning, Probate and Corporate Law. Before it was acquired by British Aerospace, Thayer was the chairman of the board and a director of Reflectone, a manufacturer of full flight simulators.
Among her many civic and governmental activities in Tampa, Thayer is a member of the board of trustees of the Tampa General Hospital Foundation, and a member of the board of trustees of the University of South Florida Foundation. She is the former chairman of the Hillsborough County Aviation Authority, the governing board of Tampa International Airport and is the former chairman of the Hillsborough County Hospital Authority. She, along with Dick Corbett and Bob Blanchard, purchased the Tampa Bay Rowdies soccer club from George W. Strawbridge, Jr. in 1983. In 1986 Dick\'s wife, Cornelia Corbett, became sole owner of the team.
Thayer resides in Thonotosassa, Florida. She was married to banker Bronson Thayer until his death in 2016. They have one daughter, Susannah.
Through holding companies, she and brother Howell own an entire island in Pine Island Sound, Mondongo Island, off the coast of west Florida, just north of Useppa Island.
In 2023 Thayer was inducted into the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame as a Pillar of the Turf for her contributions to thoroughbred racing
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# M&C Fine Arts Awards
The **M&C Fine Arts Award** is an award given to artists in Saint Lucia, currently run by the Cultural Development Foundation. The Awards began in 1979. Awards are given out in visual, literary and performing arts, and there is also a **Joe Devaux Lifetime Award**. The Cultural Development Foundation assumed responsibility in 2004, when M&C handed it over after twenty five years of successful recognising the contribution of individuals and groups to the artistic-scape of St. Lucia
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# True Movies 2
**True Movies 2** was a British free-to-air television channel that was owned by Moving Movies Ltd., majority owned by **CSC Media Group** (formerly Chart Show Channels). It was launched on 20 March 2006 and was a sister channel from True Movies which was launched on 29 April 2005. True Movies 2 initially broadcast for two hours in the early morning, from 4am to 6am by timesharing with Pop, a children\'s cartoon channel. The service was later extended to 24 hours a day.
True Movies 2 was aimed especially at a female audience with its movies dedicated to true life dramas, which are mostly made-for-TV movies.
Reception of the channel did not require any special Sky or Freesat equipment nor subscription, any free to air receiver can pick up the channel. The channel was temporarily rebranded from 19 May to 2 June 2014 as True Murder. From 30 September 2016, the channel was replaced by True Movies +1
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# 2007 Rally México
The **21º Corona Rally México**, the fourth round of the 2007 World Rally Championship season, took place between March 9--11 2007. The rally consisted of 20 special stages, of which five were super specials. The event was won by Citroën\'s Sébastien Loeb, followed by Ford drivers Marcus Grönholm and Mikko Hirvonen.
The drivers\' championship leaders, Grönholm and Hirvonen, were the first drivers on road and lost time as they had to sweep the loose gravel. They were followed by Loeb, who was able to keep close to Subaru\'s Petter Solberg, who benefited from his better starting position during the first three stages. However, Solberg, in the new Subaru Impreza WRC 07, had to retire at the start of SS6 giving the lead to Loeb. After the first day, Ford identified and fixed a sensory fault in Grönholm\'s car. The problem had caused lack of engine power and troubled the Finn: \"In the morning, I was sweeping. In the afternoon, I was sleeping\". The second leg saw Grönholm quickly climb to second place, but Loeb continued setting top times and extended his lead to Grönholm from 43 to 60 seconds. Hirvonen, Chris Atkinson and Dani Sordo battled for the third place. Hirvonen was the fastest driver on the final day and secured the last podium position, ahead of Sordo, Atkinson, Manfred Stohl, Jari-Matti Latvala and Matthew Wilson. Loeb took the win 55.8 seconds clear of Grönholm. \_\_TOC\_\_
## Results
Pos. Driver Co-driver Car Time Difference Points
----------- -------------------- ------------------- ------------------------- ------------------------------------- ------------ --------
WRC
1\. Sébastien Loeb Daniel Elena Citroën C4 WRC 3:48:13.3 0.0 10
2\. Marcus Grönholm Timo Rautiainen Ford Focus RS WRC 06 3:49:09.1 55.8 8
3\. Mikko Hirvonen Jarmo Lehtinen Ford Focus RS WRC 06 3:49:41.0 1:27.7 6
4\. Daniel Sordo Marc Marti Citroën C4 WRC 3:49:57.0 1:43.7 5
5\. Chris Atkinson Glenn MacNeall Subaru Impreza WRC 07 3:50:37.4 2:24.1 4
6\. Manfred Stohl Ilka Minor Citroën Xsara WRC 3:51:58.8 3:45.5 3
7\. Jari-Matti Latvala Miikka Anttila Ford Focus RS WRC 06 3:52:24.1 4:10.8 2
8\. Matthew Wilson Michael Orr Ford Focus RS WRC 06 4:00:35.9 12:22.6 1
PCWRC
1\. (10.) Mark Higgins Scott Martin Mitsubishi Lancer Evo 9 4:08:44.5 0.0 10
2\. (11.) Toshi Arai Tony Sircombe Subaru Impreza WRX STI 4:10:05.4 1:20.9 8
3\. (13.) Kristian Sohlberg Risto Pietiläinen Subaru Impreza WRX STI 4:11:15.2 2:30.7 6
4\. (14.) Mirco Baldacci Giovanni Agnese Subaru Impreza WRX STI 4:12:51.9 4:07.4 5
5\. (15.) Travis Pastrana Christian Edstrom Subaru Impreza WRX STI 4:16:53.2 8:08.7 4
6\. (16.) Štěpán Vojtěch Michal Ernst Mitsubishi Lancer Evo 9 4:25:43.3 ^\[1\]^ 16:58.8 3
7\. (18.) Fumio Nutahara Daniel Barritt Mitsubishi Lancer Evo 9 4:26:02.5 17:18.0 2
8\. (20.) Spyros Pavlides Denis Giraudet Subaru Impreza WRX STI 4:34:23.7 25:39.2 1
^\[1\]^ --- Drivers using SupeRally
## Retirements
- Nasser Al-Attiyah - mechanical (**SS2/3**);
- Petter Solberg - no oil pressure (**SS5/6**);
- Francisco Name - retired between leg 1 and 2 (before **SS8**);
- Martin Rauam - gearbox failure (**SS9**);
- Gareth MacHale - damaged suspension (**SS13**);
- Leszek Kuzaj - mechanical (**SS13**);
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# 2007 Rally México
## Special Stages {#special_stages}
All dates and times are CST (UTC-6).
+----------+-------+-------+-----------------+----------+-------------+---------+-------------+--------------+
| Leg | Stage | Time | Name | Length | Winner | Time | Avg. spd. | Rally leader |
+==========+=======+=======+=================+==========+=============+=========+=============+==============+
| 1\ | SS1 | 08:28 | Alfaro 1 | 23.50 km | P. Solberg | 14:03.5 | 100.3 km/h | P. Solberg |
| (9 Mar) | | | | | | | | |
+----------+-------+-------+-----------------+----------+-------------+---------+-------------+--------------+
| | SS2 | 09:51 | Ortega 1 | 29.65 km | P. Solberg | 17:28.7 | 101.78 km/h | |
+----------+-------+-------+-----------------+----------+-------------+---------+-------------+--------------+
| | SS3 | 10:34 | El Cubilete 1 | 17.87 km | P. Solberg | 9:45.6 | 109.86 km/h | |
+----------+-------+-------+-----------------+----------+-------------+---------+-------------+--------------+
| | SS4 | 13:02 | Alfaro 2 | 23.50 km | S. Loeb | 13:47.0 | 102.3 km/h | |
+----------+-------+-------+-----------------+----------+-------------+---------+-------------+--------------+
| | SS5 | 14:25 | Ortega 2 | 29.65 km | M. Stohl | 16:58.2 | 104.83 km/h | |
+----------+-------+-------+-----------------+----------+-------------+---------+-------------+--------------+
| | SS6 | 15:08 | El Cubilete 2 | 17.87 km | S. Loeb | 9:37.5 | 111.4 km/h | S. Loeb |
+----------+-------+-------+-----------------+----------+-------------+---------+-------------+--------------+
| | SS7 | 16:29 | Super Special 1 | 2.21 km | M. Grönholm | 1:42.6 | 77.54 km/h | |
+----------+-------+-------+-----------------+----------+-------------+---------+-------------+--------------+
| | SS8 | 16:33 | Super Special 2 | 2.21 km | C. Atkinson | 1:42.0 | 78.0 km/h | |
+----------+-------+-------+-----------------+----------+-------------+---------+-------------+--------------+
| 2\ | SS9 | 08:19 | Ibarilla 1 | 30.20 km | S. Loeb | 18:17.3 | 99.08 km/h | |
| (10 Mar) | | | | | | | | |
+----------+-------+-------+-----------------+----------+-------------+---------+-------------+--------------+
| | SS10 | 09:42 | Duarte 1 | 23.51 km | S. Loeb | 17:55.0 | 78.73 km/h | |
+----------+-------+-------+-----------------+----------+-------------+---------+-------------+--------------+
| | SS11 | 10:33 | Derramadero 1 | 23.27 km | M. Grönholm | 14:01.6 | 99.54 km/h | |
+----------+-------+-------+-----------------+----------+-------------+---------+-------------+--------------+
| | SS12 | 13:07 | Ibarilla 2 | 30.20 km | S. Loeb | 18:02.6 | 100.42 km/h | |
+----------+-------+-------+-----------------+----------+-------------+---------+-------------+--------------+
| | SS13 | 14:30 | Duarte 2 | 23.51 km | M. Grönholm | 17:32.2 | 80.48 km/h | |
+----------+-------+-------+-----------------+----------+-------------+---------+-------------+--------------+
| | SS14 | 15:21 | Derramadero 2 | 23.27 km | S. Loeb | 13:49.4 | 101.0 km/h | |
+----------+-------+-------+-----------------+----------+-------------+---------+-------------+--------------+
| | SS15 | 16:35 | Super Special 3 | 2.21 km | D. Sordo | 1:44.6 | 76.06 km/h | |
+----------+-------+-------+-----------------+----------+-------------+---------+-------------+--------------+
| | SS16 | 16:39 | Super Special 4 | 2.21 km | M. Grönholm | 1:43.6 | 76.8 km/h | |
+----------+-------+-------+-----------------+----------+-------------+---------+-------------+--------------+
| 3\ | SS17 | 08:23 | Leon | 16.29 km | M. Hirvonen | 10:35.8 | 92.24 km/h | |
| (11 Mar) | | | | | | | | |
+----------+-------+-------+-----------------+----------+-------------+---------+-------------+--------------+
| | SS18 | 08:54 | Guanajuatito | 23.34 km | M. Grönholm | 15:12.3 | 92.1 km/h | |
+----------+-------+-------+-----------------+----------+-------------+---------+-------------+--------------+
| | SS19 | 10:17 | Comanjilla | 18.10 km | M. Hirvonen | 10:17.6 | 105.51 km/h | |
+----------+-------+-------+-----------------+----------+-------------+---------+-------------+--------------+
| | SS20 | 11:28 | Super Special 5 | 4.42 km | M. Grönholm | 3:23.6 | 78
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# Harald Vogel
**Harald Vogel** (born 21 June 1941 in Ottersberg) is a German organist, organologist, and author. He is a leading expert on Renaissance and Baroque keyboard music. He has been professor of organ at the University of the Arts Bremen since 1994.
## Books & articles {#books_articles}
- \"Acht kleine Präludien und Fugen von Johann Sebastian Bach,\" *Musik und Kirche*. No. 68, 1998. pp. 274--275.
- *Arp Schnitger und sein Werk: Bildband mit den erhaltenen Orgeln und Prospekten Arp Schnitgers*. Cor H. Edskes and Harald Vogel. Bremen: Hauschild, 2009. `{{ISBN|978-3-89757-326-0}}`{=mediawiki}
- Dutch version: *Arp Schnitger en zijn werk: fotoboek met de bewaard gebleven orgels en orgelfronten van Arp Schnitger*. `{{ISBN|978-3-89757-472-4}}`{=mediawiki}
- *Das Steinhaus in Bunderhee*. Leer: Verlag Gerhard Rautenberg, 1978.
- \"Dedesdorf, ein unbeachtetes Modell des norddeutschen Orgelbaus,\" *Ars Organi*. 48:4, 2000. pp. 213--216.
- *Den Nordtyska Barockorgeln I Örgryte Nya Kyrka*. Paul Peeters and Harald Vogel. Göteborg: Göteborgs Universitet, 2000.
- *Denkmal Orgeln Teil 1. Backemoor - Groothusen*. Beiträge zur Orgelkultur in Nordeuropa, 1, A. Fritz Schild and Harald Vogel. 2005. Wilhelmshaven: Noetzel.
- *Denkmal Orgeln Teil 2. Hage - Wiesens*. Beiträge zur Orgelkultur in Nordeuropa, 1, B. Fritz Schild and Harald Vogel. 2005. Wilhelmshaven: Noetzel.
- *Die Neue \"französische\" Orgel: Kreuzkirche Stapelmoor*. Stapelmoor: Ev.-reformierte Kirchengemeinde, 1997.
- \"Die Norddeutsche Orgelakademie. Entstehung und Programm,\" *Ostfriesland*. No. 2, 1978. pp. 21--27.
- *European Organ Tour, Bach and France: January 04--18, 1988*. Westminster Choir College and Norddeutsche Orgelakademie. Bunde: Steinhaus Bunderhee, 1988.
- \"Gedanken zur Kirchenmusik,\" *Musik und Kirche*. No. 68, 1998. p. 255ff.
- \"Geleitwort,\" *Hans Henny Jahnns Einfluss auf den Orgelbau*. Thomas Lipski. Wiesbaden: Olms, 1997. pp. IX-XI. `{{ISBN|3-487-10321-4}}`{=mediawiki}.
- *Hamburg\'s Role in Northern European Organ Building*. Gustav Fock, Harald Vogel (foreword and appendix), Lynn Edwards, and Edward C. Pepe. Easthampton, MA: Westfield Center, 1997. `{{ISBN|978-0-9616755-3-0}}`{=mediawiki}
- \"Het orgel te Anloo en de Noord-Duitse en Nederlandse orgelkunst in de 17e en 18e eeuw,\" *Opus Magnum in de Magnuskerk te Anloo*. Ed Panman, Henk van Eeken, and Harald Vogel. Anloo: Stichting *Muziek in Anloo*, 2002. `{{ISBN|90-72938-23-2}}`{=mediawiki}.
- \"Historische Instrumente und Orgelbau heute,\" *Musik und Kirche*. No. 74, 2004. pp. 280--284.
- *Kleine Orgelkunde: Dargestellt Am Modell Der Führer-Orgel in Der Altreformierten Kirche in Bunde*. Wilhelmshaven: Hinrichshofen, 1981 R/2008. `{{ISBN|3-7959-0334-3}}`{=mediawiki}.
- \"Mitteltönig -- Wohltemperiert. Der Wandel der Stimmungsästhetik im norddeutschen Orgelbau und Orgelrepertoire des 17. und 18. Jahrhunderts,\" *Jahrbuch Alte Musik*. Band 1. Ed. Thomas Albert and Gisela Jaacks. Wilhelmshaven: Florian Noetzel, 1989. pp. 119--151. `{{ISBN|3-7959-0543-5}}`{=mediawiki}.
- \"North German organ building of the late seventeenth century: registration and tuning,\" *J. S. Bach As Organist: His Instruments, Music, and Performance Practices*. Ed. George B. Stauffer and Ernest May. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1986. `{{ISBN|978-0-253-33181-6}}`{=mediawiki}
- \"Organ restoration in the twentieth century,\" *The North German Organ Research Project at Göteborg University*. Ed. Joel Speerstra. Göteborg, Sweden: Göteborg Organ Art Center, Göteborg University, 2003. `{{ISBN|978-91-972612-1-0}}`{=mediawiki}
- *Organs of Arp Schnitger: July 8--17, 1998*. Harald Vogel and Lynn Edwards. Easthampton, MA: Westfield Center, 1998.
- *Orgelgids Van De Eems-Dollard-Regio*. Harald Vogel, Reinhard Ruge, Stef Tuinstra, and Enno Schmidt. Aurich: Arbeitsgemeinschaft Fremdenverkehrswerbung Ostfriesland, 1989.
- *Orgellandschaft Ostfriesland*. Harald Vogel, Reinhard Ruge, Robert Noah, and Martin Stromann. Norden: Soltau-Kurier, 1995. `{{ISBN|3-928327-19-4}}`{=mediawiki}, `{{ISBN|978-3-928327-19-0}}`{=mediawiki}
- *Orgeln in Niedersachsen*. Volkhard Hofer (photos) and Harald Vogel. Bremen: Hauschild, 1997. `{{ISBN|3-931785-50-5}}`{=mediawiki}, `{{ISBN|978-3-931785-50-5}}`{=mediawiki}
- \"Sweelincks *Orfeo*. Die *Fantasia Crommatica*,\" *Musik und Kirche*. No. 75, 2005. p. 98ff.
- \"The genesis and radiance of a court organ,\" *The Organ As a Mirror of Its Time: North European Reflections, 1610-2000*. Ed. Kerala J. Snyder. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002. pp. 48--59. `{{ISBN|978-0-19-514414-7}}`{=mediawiki}, `{{ISBN|978-0195144154}}`{=mediawiki}
- \"The mixtures of the Örgryte organ,\" *The North German Organ Research Project at Göteborg University*. Ed. Joel Speerstra. Göteborg, Sweden: Göteborg Organ Art Center, Göteborg University, 2003. `{{ISBN|91-972612-1-1}}`{=mediawiki}, `{{ISBN|978-91-972612-1-0}}`{=mediawiki}
- \"The romantic clavichord,\" *Proceedings of the Göteborg International Organ Academy 1994*. Hans Davidsson and Sverker Jullander. Göteborg: Department of Musicology, Göteborg University, 1995.
- *Wegweiser Zu Den Orgeln Der Ems-Dollart-Region*. Harald Vogel, Reinhard Ruge, and Stef Tuinstra. Aurich: Sehwege, Regionalagentur für Kulturtourismus der Ostfriesischen Landschaft, 1992.
- \"Zur instrumentalen Aufführungsweise des Motettenrepertoires unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Orgelintabulierungen,\" *Orgel und Orgelspiel im 16. Jahrhundert*. Ed. Walter Salmen. Rum: Helbing, 1978. `{{pp.|93–101}}`{=mediawiki}. `{{ISBN|3-85061-030-6}}`{=mediawiki}.
- \"Zur Interpretation des barocken Orgelrepertoires. Anmerkungen zum Verhältnis von Artikulation und Fingersatz,\" *Der Kirchenmusiker*. No. 33, 1982. pp. 4--11.
- \"Zur Stimmung der Orgel in der Deutschen Kirche in Stockholm,\" *Övertorneåprojektet. Om dokumentationen av orgeln i Övertorneå och rekonstruktionen av 1684 års orgel i Tyska kyrkan.* Ed. Lena Weman Ericsson. Luleå: Musikhögskolan i Piteå, 1997. `{{pp.|27–65}}`{=mediawiki}. `{{ISBN|91-630-6095-7}}`{=mediawiki}.
## Festschrift
- *Orphei Organi Antiqui: Essays in Honor of Harald Vogel.* ed. Cleveland Johnson. 2006. Orcas, WA: Westfield Center. `{{ISBN|0-9778400-0-X}}`{=mediawiki}.
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# Harald Vogel
## Scholarly editions {#scholarly_editions}
- Nicolaus Bruhns. *Sämtliche Orgelwerke = Complete Organ Works*. Wiesbaden: Breitkopf & Härtel, 2008.
- Vincent Lübeck. *Sämtliche Orgelwerke = Complete Organ Works*. Wiesbaden: Breitkopf & Härtel, forthcoming
- Jacob Wilhelm Lustig. *XXIV Capricetten voor \'t Clavier*. Utrecht: Koninklijke Vereniging voor Nederlandse Muziekgeschiedenis, 2008. `{{ISBN|978-90-6375-190-6}}`{=mediawiki}.
- Samuel Scheidt. *Tabulatura nova Teil I* \[1624\]. Wiesbaden: Breitkopf & Härtel, 1994. `{{ISBN|978-3-7651-8565-6}}`{=mediawiki}.
- Samuel Scheidt. *Tabulatura nova Teil II* \[1624\]. Wiesbaden: Breitkopf & Härtel, 1999. `{{ISBN|978-0-00120035-7}}`{=mediawiki}.
- Samuel Scheidt. *Tabulatura nova Teil III* \[1624\]. Wiesbaden: Breitkopf & Härtel, 2002. `{{ISMN|979-0004181225}}`{=mediawiki}.
- *Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck Sämtliche Wercke für Tasteninstrument = Complete Keyboard Works*. Ed. Harald Vogel and Pieter Dirksen. Wiesbaden: Breitkopf & Härtel, 2004.
- Vol. 1 (Vogel), Toccatas; Vol. 2 (Dirksen), Fantasias; Vol. 3 (Vogel), Choral- und Psalmvariationen; Vol. 4 (Dirksen), Lied- und Tanzvariationen: SWV
- Michael Johann Friedrich Wiedeburg. *Dritter Theil Des Sich Selbst Informirenden Clavier=spielers Worin Gezeiget Wird, Wie Ein Liebhaber Der Music Bey Fleissiger Selbst=information Nicht Allein Nach Und Nach Zum Fantasiren Auf Der Orgel Und Dem Clavier, Sondern Auch Zu Einer Geschichtlichkeit, Allerley Musicalische Stücke Zu Seinem Und Anderer Vergnügen Zu Verfertigen Und Zu Componiren Gelangen Kan* \[1767\]. Band A & B. Ed. Reinhard Ruge and Harald Vogel. Wilhelmshaven: F. Noetzel, 2007. Band A: `{{ISBN|3-7959-0881-7}}`{=mediawiki}, `{{ISBN|978-3-7959-0881-2}}`{=mediawiki}; Band B: `{{ISBN|3-7959-0882-5}}`{=mediawiki}, `{{ISBN|978-3-7959-0882-9}}`{=mediawiki}
## Recordings (CD & LP) {#recordings_cd_lp}
- *Arp Schnitger in Groningen*. 1989. Rotterdam: Lindenberg Boeken & Muziek, LBCD12. Harald Vogel and Stef Tuinstra. Vogel perform works by J. S. Bach, Georg Friedrich Händel, Johann Mattheson in Godlinze (NL); Stef Tuinstra performs works by Matthias Weckmann, Jan Adam Reincken, Johann Pachelbel, Georg Böhm, in Eenum (NL).
- *Arp Schnitger opera omnia*. Vol. 1. 1990. \[Hamburg\]: Organa, ORA 3001. Works by Johann Adam Reincken, Samuel Scheidt, Heinrich Scheidemann, Johann Sebastian Bach
- *Das Gesamtwerk für Orgel Harald Vogel spielt an der Cosmae-Orgel (1675) in Stade*. 1984. Hamburg: Organa. Complete organ works of Vincent Lübeck
- *D. Buxtehude and his time Harald Vogel plays on the dual-temperament Fisk-Organ at Stanford University*. 1980. Hamburg: Organa, ORA 3208. Works by Johann Sebastian Bach, Nicolaus Bruhns, Dietrich Buxtehude, Heinrich Scheidemann.
- *Die niederlandische Orgelkunst Jan P. Sweelinck und seine Zeit.* 1984. Hamburg: Organa. Works by Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck, Claude Goudimel, et al.
- *Die Norddeutsche Orgelkunst I Harald Vogel spielt Werke von H. Scheidemann und M. Schildt an der St. Cosmae-Orgel (1675) in Stade*. 1982. Hamburg: Organa.
- *Die Norddeutsche Orgelkunst II Das goldene Zeitalter der norddeutschen Orgelkunst*. 1986. Solingen, West Germany: Organa, ORA 3207. Works by Heinrich Scheidemann, Hieronymus Praetorius, Samuel Scheidt, Dietrich Buxtehude, et al. performed on the Arp Schnitger organ in Norden, Germany.
- *Die Schnitgerorgel in der Aa-Kerk zu Gronigen Harald Vogel spielt norddeutsche Orgelmusik*. 1970. Grevenbroich: Delta-Acustic. Works by Heinrich Scheidemann, Samuel Scheidt, and Johann Adam Reincken
- *Die Spätgotische Orgelkunst Harald Vogel spielt an der Orgel zu Rysum (1457)*. 1982. Hamburg: Organa. Works by Pierre Attaingnant, Paul Hofhaimer, tablature of Adam Ileborgh, Leonhard Kleber, Hans Kotter, Conrad Paumann, and Arnolt Schlick.
- Dietrich Buxtehude Orgelwerke, Vol. 1. 1987. Musikproduktion Dabringhaus und Grimm, MD+G L 3268. Organs (Germany): Stellwagen in St. Jakobi, Lübeck; Arp Schnitger, Norden. BuxWV 138, 142, 143, 157, 161, 178, 185, 188, 192, 199, 212, 213, 217, 219, 222
- Dietrich Buxtehude Orgelwerke, Vol. 2. 1988. Musikproduktion Dabringhaus und Grimm, MD+G L 3269. Organs (Germany): Huß/Schnitger in St. Cosmæ, Stade; Arp Schnitger in Weener. BuxWV 136, 137, 139, 150, 164, 169, 172, 177, 180, 184, 187, 201, 207, 214, 215
- Dietrich Buxtehude Orgelwerke, Vol. 3. 1988. Musikproduktion Dabringhaus und Grimm, MD+G L 3270. Organs (Germany): Arp Schnitger in Grasberg; Wiese in Damp. BuxWV 76, 144, 145, 156, 159, 160, 171, 174, 186, 193, 194, 198, 202, 205
- Dietrich Buxtehude Orgelwerke, Vol. 4. 1991. Musikproduktion Dabringhaus und Grimm, MD+G L 3424. Organs (The Netherlands): Arp Schnitger in Noordbroek; Arp Schnitger in Der Aa-kerk of Groningen. BuxWV 141, 146, 149, 155, 167, 173, 189, 192, 197, 203, 206, 209, 220, 221, 223
- Dietrich Buxtehude Orgelwerke, Vol. 5. 1993. Musikproduktion Dabringhaus und Grimm MD+G L 3425. Organs (Germany): Grotian in Pilsum; Richborn in Buttforde; Kröger/Huß in Langwarden; Herbst/Gercke in Basedow; Hantelmann in Groß Eichsen. BuxWV 141, 146, 147, 151, 152, 168, 170, 175, 182, 183, 191, 211, 224, 245, 246
- Dietrich Buxtehude Orgelwerke, Vol. 6. 1993. Musikproduktion Dabringhaus und Grimm, MD+G L 3426. Organs (Denmark): Roskilde, Helsingør, and Torrlösa. BuxWV 143, 151, 154, 158, 162, 175, 176, 179, 195, 200, 204, 208, 225, 249, 250
- Dietrich Buxtehude Orgelwerke, Vol. 7. 1993. Musikproduktion Dabringhaus und Grimm, MD+G L 3427. Arp Schnitger organ in St. Jacobi of Hamburg, Germany. BuxWV 139, 140, 148, 153, 166, 181, 190, 198, 210, 218
- *Guest recital: Harald Vogel, organ, May 27, 1973*. Eugene: University of Oregon, School of Music.
- *Historische Orgels 1.* 2000. Ottersberg: Organeum, OC-39902. Works by Harald Vogel (improvisation), Johann Adam Reincken, Samuel Scheidt, Heinrich Scheidemann, Johann Sebastian Bach
- *Historische Orgels 2. Radeker/Garrelsorgel Magnuskerk Anloo*. 2006. Ottersberg: Organeum, AS-280406. Works by Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck, Hendrik Speuy, Claude Goudimel, Antoni van Noordt, G. Havingha, Georg Böhm, Johann Willem Lustig.
- Johann Sebastian Bach *Orgelwerke 1, Harald Vogel an der Ahrend-Orgel in San Simpliciano, Milano*. 1991. Freiburg: Deutsche Harmonia Mundi, RD77202. BWV 535, 564, 572, 590, 700, 701, 710, 722, 723, 729, 990.
- *M. Weckmann, D. Buxtehude, J.G. Walther, J.L. Krebs*. 1989. Beilen: VLS Records, VLC 1189. Jan Jongepier improvises in Zuidbroek (NL); Harald Vogel performs works by Matthias Weckmann, Dietrich Buxtehude, Johann Gottfried Walther, and Johann Ludwig Krebs in Noordbroek (NL).
- *Motets and Organworks*. 1996. Georgsmarienhütte \[Germany\]: Classic Produktion Osnabrück, CPO 999215-2. Works of Jacob Praetorius, with Manfred Cordes and Weser-Renaissance
- *Orgelland Ostfriesland*. 1989. Deutsche Harmonia Mundi, HM 939-2. Organs in Norden, Uttum, Rysum, Westerhusen, Marienhafe, Weener. Works by Dietrich Buxtehude, Claude Goudimel, Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck, Samuel Scheidt, Conrad Paumann, Arnolt Schlick, tablature of Adam Ileborgh, Paul Hofhaimer, Heinrich Isaac, Hans Leo Hassler, Georg Böhm, Johann Sebastian Bach.
- *Orgeln in Ostfriesland*. Vol. 1. 1996. Ottersberg: Organeum, OC-09601. Organs in Buttforde, Groothusen, Neermoor, Osteel, and Veenhusen, Germany. Works by Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach, Johann Ludwig Krebs, Johann Pachelbel, Heinrich Scheidemann, Samuel Scheidt, John Stanley, Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck, Matthias Weckmann
- rereleased as *The organs of Ostfriesland. (Northwest Germany). Volume I.* 1999. Seattle, WA: Loft Recordings.
- *Orgeln in Ostfriesland*. Vol. 2. 1997. Ottersberg: Organeum, OC-09602. Organs in Marienhafe, Norden, Rysum, and Uttum, Germany. Works by Georg Böhm, Claude Goudimel, Paul Hofhaimer, Heinrich Isaac, Hans Kotter, Conrad Paumann, Heinrich Scheidemann, Arnolt Schlick, Hendrik Speuy, Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck
- *Portrait einer fürstlichen Orgel Harald Vogel spielt die Compenius-Orgel (1610) auf Schloss Frederiksborg*. 1972. Hamburg: Organa. Works by Wolff Heckel, Melchior Neusidler, Heinrich Scheidemann, Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck, Manuscript of Susanne van Soldt, et al.
- *Recital at Church of the Ascension*. 2000. Seattle, WA: Rezound, RZCD 5001. Works by Harald Vogel (improvisation), Johann Kaspar Kerll, Johann Pachelbel, Dietrich Buxtehude, Georg Böhm, Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach, Johann Sebastian Bach et al.
- *Rund um Bach*. Vol 1. 1998. Ottersberg: Organeum, OC-29701. Pedal clavichord. BWV 533, 535, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558, 559, 560, 572, 599, 604, 614, 626, 629, 641, 642
- rereleased as *The Bach Circle. Vol. 1*. 2000. Seattle: Loft Recordings
- *Rund um Bach*. Vol 2. 1998. Ottersberg: Organeum OC-29702. Treutmann organ in Grauhof, Germany. Works by Johann Sebastian Bach, Georg Friedrich Kauffmann, Johann Ludwig Krebs, Georg Philipp Telemann, Harald Vogel (improvisation), and Johann Gottfried Walther
- rereleased as *The Bach Circle. Vol. II*. 2000. Seattle: Loft Recordings
- *Rund um Bach*. vol 3. 1998. Ottersberg: Organeum OC-29703. Arp Schnitger organ in Noordbroek, The Netherlands. Works by Elias Nikolaus Ammerbach, Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach, Johann Sebastian Bach, Gottfried August Homilius, Vincent Lübeck, Samuel Scheidt
- rereleased as *The Bach Circle. Vol. III*. 2000. Seattle: Loft Recordings
- *Rund um die Welt*. 1996. Ottersberg: Organeum OC-19601. John Brombaugh organ in Gothenburg, Sweden. Works by Johann Sebastian Bach, John Blitheman, Dietrich Buxtehude, Juan Cabanilles, Johann Nicolaus Hanff, Tarquinio Merula, Johann Pachelbel, François Roberday, Heinrich Scheidemann, Samuel Scheidt
- *The Fisk organ at Wellesley College a revival of the meantone tradition : Harald Vogel plays works by Scheidt, Praetorius, Scheidemann and Buxtehude*. 1985. Solingen: Organa. Works by Samuel Scheidt, Michael Praetorius, Jacob Praetorius, Heinrich Scheidemann, Dietrich Buxtehude
- *The organ as a mirror of its time north European reflections, 1610-2000*. 2002. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Performers Hans Fagius, Harald Vogel, Alf Linder, Sverker Jullander, Erik Boström, and Hans Davidsson. Works by Dietrich Buxtehude (Vogel), dances from the Lublin tablature (Fagius), J. S. Bach (Linder), César Franck (Jullander), Bengt Hambraeus (Boström), and Matthias Weckmann (Davidsson)
- *The Young Bach*. 1999. Seattle, WA: Loft Recordings, LRCD 1009. BWV 531, 553-560, 709, 742, 767, 914, 1119, 1120.
- *Vom Himmel hoch: weihnachtliche Kantaten und Motetten norddeutscher Meister*. 1989. Freiburg: Freiburger Musik Forum; Ars Musici AME30062. Heinz Hennig (direction), Harald Vogel (Arp Schnitger organs in Weener and Norden), Knabenchor Hannover, and Fiori Musicali
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# Folk Research Centre
The **Msgr. Patrick Anthony Folk Research Centre** (**FRC**, ***Plas Wíchès Foklò***) of Saint Lucia has studied and promoted the local music of Saint Lucia since its foundation in 1973. It was established by a Catholic priest, named Patrick Anthony in 1973 alongside a multi-faith group of young people.
Since 1990, it has published a journal called *Lucian Kaiso*
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9,995,049 |
# Bradfield St George
**Bradfield St. George** is a village and civil parish in the West Suffolk district of Suffolk, England, about 6 mi south of Bury St Edmunds. In 2011 the parish had a population of 420.
According to Eilert Ekwall the meaning of the village name is \'broad field\'.
The *Domesday Book* records the population (including Bradfield Combust and Bradfield St Clare) to be 76 people in 1086. In 2001, the population was 386 people (not including Bradfield Combust and Bradfield St Clare).
St George\'s Church contains an east window by the noted Pre-Raphaelite artist and designer Edward Arthur Fellowes Prynne
The village has a village hall built in 1955 which holds many events like the village fireworks night, special occasions and Friday night dinner evenings (once monthly).
The village had a forge; a wheelwright; a school; a post office; three pubs and a windmill, all of which, other than one of the pubs (Fox and Hounds), are now private houses. The Fox and Hounds closed in 2012 and is now The Solstice Wellbeing Centre providing psychotherapy; yoga; qigong, and meditation, and is also used by local tai chi and gongfu (kung fu) schools.
The village is home to former England Cricketer and Sky Sports commentator Nick Knight.
## In literature {#in_literature}
The village was the setting for Adrian Bell\'s book *Corduroy*, published in 1930, though in the book Bell calls Bradfield \"Benfield\". *Corduroy* is the author\'s account of his life as a young man, forsaking the fashionable ballrooms and cocktail parties of Inter-war era Mayfair, to learn farming in Suffolk. Though unsentimental, *Corduroy* is at times thoughtful, humorous and wistful. Bell expertly depicts the joys, hardships and crises not just of farming, but of all rural life, made the more interesting for being told by a man who came to it as an outsider. Bell tells of ploughing, harvesting, livestock and grain markets, shooting, beating, ferreting and foxhunting, and the importance of nature and religion as twin pillars of the Suffolk countryman\'s life
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9,995,056 |
# John Osborne (footballer)
**John Osborne** (1 December 1940 -- 7 November 1998) was an English football goalkeeper. He played for Chesterfield, West Bromwich Albion and Shamrock Rovers. Osborne was a member of Albion\'s great cup side of the late 1960s which played in 5 cup finals from 1966 to 1970, including the 1968 FA Cup final. His nickname was Bionic due to the plastic joint inserted in his finger.
He made his Rovers debut at Milltown under his old teammate Johnny Giles on 10 September 1978. He played 3 games in the 1978--79 European Cup Winners\' Cup keeping 2 clean sheets giving him a total of 4 appearances for the Hoops.
In 2004, he was named as one of West Bromwich Albion\'s 16 greatest players, in a poll organised as part of the club\'s 125th anniversary celebrations.
Osborne was the commercial manager of Worcestershire County Cricket Club from 1986 to 1995, and played a significant part in the county\'s signing of long-time major sponsor MEB.
He died in Evesham Hospital, Worcestershire on 7 November 1998 from lung cancer
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9,995,068 |
# Jack Dolbin
**John Tice Dolbin Jr.** (October 12, 1948 -- August 1, 2019) was an American professional football player who was a wide receiver for five seasons with the Denver Broncos of the National Football League. He started for the Broncos in Super Bowl XII and played in 62 consecutive games for the Broncos during his five-season tenure with the team. He is considered one of the most successful players that surged from the World Football League. Before his WFL career he played on sandlots for the semi-pro Pottstown Firebirds of the Atlantic Coast Football League and Schuylkill County Coal Crackers of the Seaboard Football League
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9,995,074 |
# Shaker Al-Nabulsi
**Shaker Al Nabulsi** (December 5, 1940 -- January 6, 2014) was an American author and columnist of Jordanian descent.
## Biography
al-Nabulsi was a signatory of the St. Petersburg Declaration at the Secular Islam Summit and authored numerous books and widely cited articles on politics, religion, literature and the Arab world. He stated that Sharia laws could only be understood in the context of the period when they were written, and contested the idea that they are eternal. He also called for holding radical clerics to account for Islamic terrorism.
According to al-Nabulsi, \"There are individuals in the Muslim world who pose as clerics and issue death sentences against those they disagree with. These individuals give Islam a bad name and foster hatred among civilizations.\"
In 2006, Al-Nabulsi warned that Hezbollah was planning to establish an Islamic republic in Lebanon modeled on Iran.
Al-Nabulsi coined the term \"neo-liberals\" for late-twentieth century liberals in the Arab world, and served as their spokesperson.
## Published works (Arabic) {#published_works_arabic}
- *The Poetic Entanglement: An introspection into Fadwa Tuqan\'s Poetry* (1961)
- *Open-Ended: The works of Antoine Zhukov* (1963)
- *Doctrine of Love, Doctrine of Violence: A literary study of Naguib Mahfouz* (1985)
- *Between the Blade and its Victim: the Short Stories of the Saudi Kingdom* (1985)
- *The Ubiquitous Fire: A Chronicle of Arabian life* (1985)
- *What tomorrow May Bring: A look at the Future of Saudi Arabia* (1985)
- *Light and the Doll: The Poetry of Nizar Qabbani* (1986)
- *The Bitter Era: Essays on Arab Politics and Culture* (1986)
- *Settlement Train: Initiatives in Palestinian Equality* (1986)
- *Abandoning the Color White: Essays on Arab Politics* (1986)
- *Loaf of Fire: A study of Modern Arabic Poetry* (1986)
- *Heritage Lunatic: A study of Mahmoud Darwish\'s Poetry* (1987)
- *Pillow of Ice: America\'s Middle Eastern Policy* (1987)
- *Flightless Bird: The deteriorating Educational System in Arabia* (1988)
- *The Third Culture: Exploring the Japanese Civilization* (1988)
- *Working with Sand: The Cultural Development of the Arabian Gulf* (1988)
- *Stoning with words: A study of Arab Intellectuals* (1989)
- *Unlocking the Memories of a lady: A study of Ghada Samman\'s works* (1990)
- *A Revolution in Heritage: A study of Khalid M Khalid\'s Thought* (1991)
- *Desert Tropic: A.R
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