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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic unresolved problems in biology
|
is there a consensus view of why we age?
|
Biology
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
6
] |
[
"Despite the profound advances made over recent decades in our understanding of life’s fundamental processes, some basic problems have remained unresolved.",
"For example, one of the major unresolved problems in biology is the primary adaptive function of sex, and particularly its key processes in eukaryotes, meiosis and homologous recombination.",
"One view is that sex evolved primarily as an adaptation for increasing genetic diversity (see references e.g.).",
"An alternative view is that sex is an adaptation for promoting accurate DNA repair in germ-line DNA, and that increased genetic diversity is primarily a byproduct that may be useful in the long run.",
"(See also Evolution of sexual reproduction).",
"Another basic unresolved problem in biology is the biologic basis of aging.",
"At present, there is no consensus view on the underlying cause of aging.",
"Various competing theories are outlined in Ageing#Theories."
] |
[
1
] |
Cast
|
Who plays the father in the movie Wadjda?
|
Wadjda
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
3
] |
[
" Reem Abdullah as Mother",
" Waad Mohammed as Wadjda (وجدة)",
" Abdullrahman Algohani as Abdullah",
" Sultan Al Assaf as Father",
" Ahd Kamel as Ms Hussa",
" Ibrahim Al Mozael as Toyshop Owner",
" Noof Saad as Qu'ran Teacher",
" Rafa Al Sanea as Fatima",
" Alanoud Sajini as Fatin"
] |
[
3
] |
Etymology
|
In what year did the word "viral" come about?
|
Virus
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
4
] |
[
"The word is from the Latin \"virus\" referring to poison and other noxious substances, first used in English in 1392.",
"\"Virulent\", from Latin \"virulentus\" (poisonous), dates to 1400.",
"A meaning of \"agent that causes infectious disease\" is first recorded in 1728, before the discovery of viruses by Dmitri Ivanovsky in 1892.",
"The English plural is \"viruses\", whereas the Latin word is a mass noun, which has no classically attested plural.",
"The adjective \"viral\" dates to 1948.",
"The term \"virion\" (plural \"virions\"), which dates from 1959, is also used to refer to a single, stable infective viral particle that is released from the cell and is fully capable of infecting other cells of the same type."
] |
[
0
] |
Plot
|
Which actress portrays Piper on Orange is the New Black?
|
Orange Is the New Black
| true | 1TV
|
[
0
] |
[
"The series revolves around Piper Chapman (Taylor Schilling), a woman living in New York City who is sentenced to 15 months in a women's federal prison for transporting a suitcase full of drug money to her former girlfriend, Alex Vause (Laura Prepon), who is an international drug smuggler.",
"The offense occurred ten years prior to the start of the series, and in that time Piper had moved on to a quiet, law-abiding life among New York's upper middle class.",
"While in prison, Piper is reunited with Alex, and they re-examine their relationship and deal with the tough inmates."
] |
[] |
Abstract
|
What is the name of the artist who composed four versions of The Scream?
|
The Scream
| true | 3ART
|
[
0
] |
[
"The Scream () is the popular name given to each of four versions of a composition, created as both paintings and pastels, by the Expressionist artist Edvard Munch between 1893 and 1910.",
"Der Schrei der Natur (\"The Scream of Nature\") is the title Munch gave to these works, all of which show a figure with an agonized expression against a landscape with a tumultuous orange sky.",
"Arthur Lubow has described \"The Scream\" as \"an icon of modern art, a Mona Lisa for our time.\"",
"Edvard Munch created the four versions in various media.",
"The National Gallery, Oslo, holds one of two painted versions (1893, shown at right).",
"The Munch Museum holds the other painted version (1910, see gallery) and a pastel version from 1893.",
"These three versions have not traveled for years.",
"The fourth version (pastel, 1895) was sold for $119,922,600 at Sotheby's Impressionist and Modern Art auction on 2 May 2012 to financier Leon Black, the second highest nominal price paid for a painting at auction.",
"The painting was on display in the Museum of Modern Art in New York from October 2012 to April 2013.",
"Also in 1895, Munch created a lithograph stone of the image.",
"Of the lithograph prints produced by Munch, several examples survive.",
"Only approximately four dozen prints were made before the original stone was resurfaced by the printer in Munch's absence.",
"\"The Scream\" has been the target of several high-profile art thefts.",
"In 1994, the version in the National Gallery was stolen.",
"It was recovered several months later.",
"In 2004, both \"The Scream\" and \"Madonna\" were stolen from the Munch Museum, and were both recovered two years later."
] |
[
0,
3
] |
Prediction of Peter's denial
|
Who began to cry?
|
Last Supper
| false | 3ART
|
[
2
] |
[
"In , , and Jesus predicts that Peter will deny knowledge of him, stating that Peter will disown him three times before the rooster crows the next morning.",
"The three Synoptic Gospels mention that after the arrest of Jesus Peter denied knowing him three times, but after the third denial, heard the rooster crow and recalled the prediction as Jesus turned to look at him.",
"Peter then began to cry bitterly."
] |
[
3
] |
Safety
|
What part of the body is injured the most in Taekwondo?
|
Taekwondo
| true | 4SPORT
|
[
3
] |
[
"Although taekwondo competitors have an apparently substantial risk of injury, most injuries are minor.",
"A 2009 meta-analysis reported that an average of about 8% of competitors are injured per exposure to competition.",
"Age, gender, and level of play did not significantly affect the injury rate.",
"The legs are the most common location for injuries, and bruising is the most common injury type.",
"Injuries may occur if students are taught to block punches in a formal manner (chamber position, perfect angles, etc.)",
"even when sparring.",
"When comparing the speed of a punch and the reaction time taken to block effectively, it is difficult to block a punch.",
"Many taekwondo schools teach students blocking for grading and classwork, and dodging or parrying for sparring."
] |
[
0
] |
Conception
|
When pitching the show Modern Family, why did the creators refuse to make a deal with Fox?
|
Modern Family
| true | 1TV
|
[
4
] |
[
"As creators Christopher Lloyd and Steven Levitan retold stories about their families, they realized that the stories could be the basis for a show.",
"They started working on the idea of a family being observed in a mockumentary-style show.",
"They later decided that it could be a show about three families and their experiences.",
"It was originally called \"My American Family\".",
"The creators pitched it to the Big Three television networks (they did not pitch it to Fox because of issues Lloyd had with the network over \"Back to You\").",
"CBS, which was not ready to use the single-camera style of filming nor ready to make another large commitment, rejected the series.",
"The network had recently aired \"Welcome to The Captain\" and \"Worst Week\", two single-camera sitcoms that lasted only one season (CBS would not attempt another single-camera series until 2013, when it picked up both \"We Are Men\" and \"The Crazy Ones\" for its fall lineup; \"We Are Men\" was cancelled after two episodes).",
"NBC, already broadcasting \"The Office\" and \"Parks and Recreation\", decided against taking on a third mockumentary-style show.",
"ABC accepted the series and picked it up for a full season."
] |
[
1,
2
] |
Abstract
|
"The Usual Suspects" won Academy Awards in which categories?
|
The Usual Suspects
| true | 6MOVIES
|
[
9
] |
[
"The Usual Suspects is a 1995 American crime-thriller film directed by Bryan Singer and written by Christopher McQuarrie.",
"It stars Stephen Baldwin, Gabriel Byrne, Benicio del Toro, Chazz Palminteri, Kevin Pollak, Pete Postlethwaite, and Kevin Spacey.",
"The film follows the interrogation of Roger \"Verbal\" Kint, a small-time con man who is one of only two survivors of a massacre and fire on a ship docked at the Port of Los Angeles.",
"He tells an interrogator a convoluted story about events that led him and four other criminals to the boat, and of a mysterious mob boss known as Keyser Söze who commissioned their work.",
"Using flashback and narration, Kint's story becomes increasingly complex.",
"The film, shot on a $6 million budget, began as a title taken from a column in \"Spy\" magazine called \"The Usual Suspects\", after one of Claude Rains' most memorable lines in the classic film \"Casablanca.\"",
"Singer thought it would make a good title for a film, the poster for which he and McQuarrie had developed as the first visual idea.",
"\"The Usual Suspects\" was shown out of competition at the 1995 Cannes Film Festival, and then initially released in a few theaters.",
"It received favorable reviews, and was eventually given a wider release.",
"McQuarrie won an Academy Award for Best Writing (Original Screenplay) and Spacey won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance."
] |
[] |
South Korea
|
How much money did Gangham Style make South Korea?
|
Gangnam Style
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
0
] |
[
"In 2012, the South Korean government announced that \"Gangnam Style\" had brought in $13.4 million to the country’s audio sector, and it subsequently launched a campaign to further expand the K-Pop music industry overseas.",
"According to the Bank of Korea, the country's services account recorded a surplus of USD 2.3 billion in the first nine months of this year, compared to a deficit of USD 4.5 billion last year.",
"This was mainly due to the growing influence and popularity of K-pop songs such as \"Gangnam Style\".",
"However, the American journalist John Seabrook noted that by \"satirizing standard K-pop tropes in Gangnam Style\", Psy may have subverted the music genre's chances of making it big in the West."
] |
[
5
] |
Music
|
Name the music composer of Toy Story.
|
Toy Story
| true | 6MOVIES
|
[
11
] |
[
"Disney was concerned with Lasseter's position on the use of music.",
"Unlike other Disney films of the time, Lasseter did not want the film to be a musical, saying it was a buddy film featuring \"real toys.\"",
"Joss Whedon agreed saying, \"It would have been a really bad musical, because it's a buddy movie.",
"It's about people who won't admit what they want, much less sing about it.",
"...",
"Buddy movies are about sublimating, punching an arm, 'I hate you.'",
"It's not about open emotion.\"",
"However, Disney favored the musical format, claiming \"Musicals are our orientation.",
"Characters breaking into song is a great shorthand.",
"It takes some of the onus off what they're asking for.\"",
"Disney and Pixar reached a compromise: the characters in \"Toy Story\" would not break into song, but the film would use songs over the action, as in \"The Graduate\", to convey and amplify the emotions that Buzz and Woody were feeling.",
"Disney tapped Randy Newman to compose the film.",
"The edited \"Toy Story\" was due to Randy Newman and Gary Rydstrom in late September 1995 for their final work on the score and sound design, respectively.",
"Lasseter claimed \"His songs are touching, witty, and satirical, and he would deliver the emotional underpinning for every scene.\"",
"Newman developed the film's signature song \"You've Got a Friend in Me\" in one day."
] |
[] |
Cast
|
Who played Marty Green in the film?
|
Inside Llewyn Davis
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
10
] |
[
" Oscar Isaac as Llewyn Davis",
" Carey Mulligan as Jean Berkey",
" John Goodman as Roland Turner",
" Garrett Hedlund as Johnny Five",
" Justin Timberlake as Jim Berkey",
" F. Murray Abraham as Bud Grossman",
" Stark Sands as Troy Nelson",
" Jeanine Serralles as Joy",
" Adam Driver as Al Cody",
" Ethan Phillips as Mitch Gorfein",
" Alex Karpovsky as Marty Green",
" Max Casella as Pappi Corsicato",
" Chris Eldridge as Mike Timlin",
" Benjamin Pike as young Bob Dylan"
] |
[
3
] |
Delivery
|
Describe the delivery in the sport curling.
|
Curling
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
0
] |
[
"The process of sliding a stone down the sheet is known as the \"delivery\".",
"The \"skip\", or the captain of the team, will usually determine the required \"weight\", \"turn\", and \"line\" of the stone.",
"These will be influenced by the tactics at this point in the game, which may involve taking-out, blocking or tapping another stone.",
" The weight of the stone is its velocity, which depends on the leg drive of the delivery rather than the arm.",
" The turn, handle, or curl is the rotation of the stone, which gives it a curved trajectory.",
" The line is the direction of the throw ignoring the effect of the \"turn\".",
"The skip may communicate the \"weight\", \"turn\", \"line,\" and other tactics by calling or tapping a broom on the ice.",
"In the case of a takeout, guard, or a tap, the skip will indicate the stones involved.",
"Before delivery, the running surface of the stone is wiped clean and the path across the ice swept with the broom if necessary, because any dirt on the bottom of a stone or in its path can alter the trajectory and ruin the shot.",
"Intrusion by a foreign object is called a \"pick up\" or \"pick\".",
"The thrower throws from the \"hack\".",
"Another player, usually the skip, is stationed behind the \"button\" to determine the tactics, \"weight\", \"turn\", and \"line\", and the other two may sweep in front of the stone to influence the trajectory (see Sweeping, below).",
"The players, with the exception of the skip, take turns throwing and sweeping; when one player (e.g., the lead) throws, the players not throwing (the second and third) sweep.",
"When the skip throws, the \"third\", or vice-skip, takes his role.",
"The thrower's \"gripper\" shoe (with the non-slippery sole) is positioned against one of the hacks; for a right-handed curler the right foot is placed against the left hack and vice-versa for a left-hander.",
"The thrower, now \"in the hack\", lines the body up with shoulders square to the skip's broom at the far end for \"line\".",
"The stone is placed in front of the foot now in the hack.",
"Rising slightly from the hack, the thrower pulls the stone back to the toe (some older curlers may actually raise the stone in this backward movement) then lunges smoothly out from the hack pushing the stone ahead while the slider foot is moved in front of the gripper foot, which trails behind.",
"The thrust from this lunge determines the \"weight\" and hence the distance the stone will travel.",
"While not compulsory, most curlers deliver the stone while sliding out from the hack.",
"Balance may be assisted by a broom held in the free hand with the back of the broom down so that it slides.",
"The stone is released as the thrower's momentum wanes, or the hog line is approached, at which point the \"turn\" is imparted by a slight clockwise or anti-clockwise twist of the handle from around the two or ten o'clock position to the twelve o'clock on release.",
"A typical rate of turn is about 2½ rotations before coming to a rest.",
"The stone must be released before its front edge crosses the near hog line, and it must clear the far hog line or else be removed from play (\"hogged\"); an exception is made if a stone fails to come to rest beyond the far hog line after rebounding from a stone in play just past the hog line.",
"The release rule is rarely enforced in club play unless abuse is suspected.",
"However, in major tournaments it is strictly enforced; the \"eye on the hog\" sensor in the stone will indicate whether the stone has been legally thrown or not.",
"The lights on the stone handle will either light up green, indicating that the stone has been legally thrown, or red, in which case the illegally thrown stone will be immediately pulled from play instead of waiting for the stone to come to rest."
] |
[] |
Scientific accuracy
|
how many scenes were put under scrutiny?
|
Breaking Bad
| false | 1TV
|
[
11
] |
[
"Donna Nelson, a professor of organic chemistry at the University of Oklahoma, checked scripts and provided dialogue.",
"She also drew chemical structures and wrote chemical equations which were used as props.",
"According to creator Vince Gilligan, \"Dr. Donna Nelson from the University of Oklahoma approached us several seasons back and said, 'I really like this show, and if you ever need help with the chemistry, I'd love to lend a hand.'",
"She's been a wonderful advisor.",
"We get help wherever we need it, whether it's chemistry, electrical engineering, or physics.",
"We try to get everything correct.",
"There's no full-time on set, but we run certain scenes by these experts first.\"",
"\"[Because Walter White was talking to his students, I was able to dumb down certain moments of description and dialogue in the early episodes which held me until we had some help from some honest-to-God chemists,\" says Gilligan.",
"According to Gilligan, Nelson \"vets our scripts to make sure our chemistry dialogue is accurate and up to date.",
"We also have a chemist with the Drug Enforcement Administration based out of Dallas who has just been hugely helpful to us.\"",
"Nelson spoke of Gilligan's interest in having the science right: \" said it made a difference to him.",
"\"In 2013, two scenes from the first season of \"Breaking Bad\" were put under scrutiny in a \"Mythbusters\" \"Breaking Bad\" Special.",
"Despite several modifications to what was seen in the show, both myths were busted.",
"Jason Wallach of Vice magazine commended the accuracy of the cooking methods presented in the series.",
"In early episodes, a once common clandestine route, the Nagai red phosphorus/iodine method, is depicted, which uses pseudoephedrine as a precursor to d-(+)-methamphetamine.",
"By the seventh episode of season 1 \"A No Rough-Stuff-Type Deal\" Walt chooses to use a different synthetic route based on the difficulty of acquiring enough pseudoephedrine to produce on the larger scale required.",
"The new method Walt chooses is a reductive amination reaction, relying on phenyl-2-propanone and methylamine.",
"On the show the phenyl-2-propane, otherwise known as phenylacetone or P2P is produced from phenylacetic acid and acetic acid using a tube furnace and thorium dioxide or ThO2 as a catalyst as mentioned in episodes \"A No Rough-Stuff-Type Deal\" and \"Más\".",
"P2P and methylamine form an imine intermediate, reduction of this P2P-methylamine imine intermediate is performed using mercury aluminum amalgam as shown in several episodes including \"Hazard Pay\"."
] |
[
5
] |
Awards and nominations
|
Was Dexter nominated for any awards?
|
Dexter (TV series)
| true | 1TV
|
[
1
] |
[
"",
"\"Dexter\" was nominated for 23 Primetime Emmy Awards, in the category of Outstanding Drama Series four times in a row, from 2008 to 2011, and Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series (for Michael C. Hall) five times in a row, from 2008 to 2012.",
"It has also been nominated for nine Golden Globe Awards (winning two) and seven Screen Actors Guild Awards.",
"On December 14, 2006, Michael C. Hall was nominated for a Golden Globe Award at the 64th Golden Globe Awards.",
"In 2008, the show was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Drama Series for its second season (Showtime's first ever drama to be nominated for the award), and its star for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series.",
"It won neither, losing to \"Mad Men\" and to \"Breaking Bad\" actor Bryan Cranston.",
"In 2010, Hall and John Lithgow, in their respective categories, won a Golden Globe for their performances, on the same night, for their work in season four."
] |
[] |
Bison paddock
|
When was the paddock created?
|
Golden Gate Park
| false | 2TRAVEL
|
[
2
] |
[
"Bison (\"Bison bison\") have been kept in Golden Gate Park since 1891, when a small herd was purchased by the park commission.",
"At the time, the animal's population in North America had dwindled to an all-time low, and San Francisco made a successful effort to breed them in captivity.",
"In 1899, the paddock in the western section of the park was created.",
"At its peak and through a successful captive breeding program, more than 100 calves were produced at Golden Gate Park, helping preserve the iconic bison population numbers in North America, which has been critical to the culture and livelihood of Native Americans.",
"In 1984, Mayor Dianne Feinstein's husband, Richard C. Blum, purchased a new herd as a birthday present for his wife.",
"The older bison in the paddock today are descendants of those animals.",
"In December 2011, after the number of bison in the paddock had dwindled to three, Assemblywoman Fiona Ma’s office led another preservation effort.",
"With donations from the Theodore Rosen Charitable Foundation, Richard C. Blum, and the Garen Wimer Ranch, Assemblywoman Ma’s office worked with the San Francisco Zoo and SF Recreation and Parks to add seven new bison to the existing herd.",
"The Paddock is currently open to the public for viewing."
] |
[
2
] |
Etching
|
Who owns Van Gogh's "Portrait of Dr. Gachet"?
|
Portrait of Dr. Gachet
| false | 3ART
|
[
5
] |
[
"Van Gogh, introduced to etching by Gachet, made the etching \"Portrait of Doctor Gachet\" in 1890.",
"Gachet and Van Gogh discussed creating a series of southern France themes but that never happened.",
"This was the one and only etching, also known as \"L'homme à la pipe\" (Man with a pipe), that Van Gogh ever made.",
"Van Gogh's brother, Theo, who received an impression of the etching, called it \"a true painter's etching.",
"No refinement in the execution, but a drawing on metal.\"",
"It is a different pose than that in Van Gogh's \"Portrait of Dr. Gachet\", owned by Musée d'Orsay.",
"The National Gallery of Canada finds that \"The undulating flow of the line is typical of the expressive quality of Van Gogh's late style.\"",
"The impression owned by the National Gallery is from one of the 60 printings following Van Gogh's death by Dr. Gachet's son, Paul Gachet Jr. Gachet's collector's stamp appears on the bottom edge of the print."
] |
[
3
] |
Terminal City
|
What year was the studio space converted to a sports club?
|
Grand Central Terminal
| false | 2TRAVEL
|
[
18
] |
[
"The construction of Grand Central created a mini-city within New York, including the Commodore Hotel and various office buildings.",
"It spurred construction throughout the neighborhood in the 1920s including the Chrysler Building.",
"In 1928, the New York Central built its headquarters in a 34-story building (now called the Helmsley Building) straddling Park Avenue on the north side of the Terminal.",
"There is a \"secret\" platform, number 61, under the station.",
"This was once used to convey President Franklin D. Roosevelt directly into the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel.",
"This platform was part of the original design of the Waldorf Astoria.",
"It was mentioned in \"The New York Times\" in 1929 but was first used by General Pershing in 1938.",
"From 1939 to 1964 CBS Television occupied a large portion of the terminal building, particularly above the main waiting room.",
"The space contained two production studios (41 and 42), two \"program control\" facilities (43 and 44), network master control, and facilities for local station WCBS-TV.",
"In 1958, the first major videotape operations facility in the world opened in a former rehearsal room on the seventh floor of the main terminal building.",
"The facility used fourteen Ampex VR-1000 videotape recorders.",
"The \"CBS Evening News\" began its broadcasts there with Douglas Edwards.",
"Many historic news events were broadcast from this location, such as John Glenn's Mercury-Atlas 6 space mission and Walter Cronkite's coverage of the assassination of John F. Kennedy.",
"Edward R. Murrow's \"See It Now\" originated from Grand Central, including his famous broadcasts on Senator Joseph McCarthy.",
"The Murrow broadcasts were recreated in George Clooney's movie \"Good Night, and Good Luck\", although the CBS News and corporate offices were not actually in the same building as the film implies.",
"The long-running panel show \"What's My Line?\"",
"was first broadcast from the GCT studios, as were \"The Goldbergs\" and \"Mama\".",
"The facility's operations were later moved to the CBS Broadcast Center.",
"In 1966, the former studio space was converted to a sports club with two tennis courts and was operated by Donald Trump from 1984 to 2009.",
"The space is currently occupied by a conductor lounge and a smaller sports facility with a single tennis court."
] |
[
0
] |
Modern physics
|
Who corrected Maxwell's equations of electromagnetism discrepency?
|
Physics
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
2
] |
[
"Modern physics began in the early 20th century with the work of Max Planck in quantum theory and Albert Einstein's theory of relativity.",
"Both of these theories came about due to inaccuracies in classical mechanics in certain situations.",
"Classical mechanics predicted a varying speed of light, which could not be resolved with the constant speed predicted by Maxwell's equations of electromagnetism; this discrepancy was corrected by Einstein's theory of special relativity, which replaced classical mechanics for fast-moving bodies and allowed for a constant speed of light.",
"Black body radiation provided another problem for classical physics, which was corrected when Planck proposed that light comes in individual packets known as photons; this, along with the photoelectric effect and a complete theory predicting discrete energy levels of electron orbitals, led to the theory of quantum mechanics taking over from classical physics at very small scales.",
"Quantum mechanics would come to be pioneered by Werner Heisenberg, Erwin Schrödinger and Paul Dirac.",
"From this early work, and work in related fields, the Standard Model of particle physics was derived.",
"Following the discovery of a particle with properties consistent with the Higgs boson at CERN in 2012, all fundamental particles predicted by the standard model, and no others, appear to exist; however physics beyond the Standard Model, with theories such as supersymmetry, is an active area of research."
] |
[
3
] |
Sculpture
|
During which period did small scale statuettes for private patrons develop?
|
High Renaissance
| true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
4
] |
[
"High Renaissance sculpture, as exemplified by Michelangelo's \"Pietà\" and the iconic \"David\", is characterized by an \"ideal\" balance between stillness and movement.",
"High Renaissance sculpture was normally commissioned by the public and the state, this becoming more popular for sculpture is an expensive art form.",
"Sculpture was often used to decorate or embellish architecture, normally within courtyards where others were able to study and admire the commissioned art work.",
"Wealthy individuals like cardinals, rulers and bankers were the more likely private patrons along with very wealthy families; Pope Julius II also patronized many artists.",
"During the High Renaissance there was the development of small scale statuettes for private patrons, the creation of busts and tombs also developing.",
"The subject matter related to sculpture was mostly religious but also with a significant strand of classical individuals in the form of tomb sculpture and paintings as well as ceilings of cathedrals."
] |
[] |
Abstract
|
whats the step count to the first floor of the eiffel tower?
|
Eiffel Tower
| true | 2TRAVEL
|
[
12
] |
[
"The Eiffel Tower (, ) is an iron lattice tower located on the Champ de Mars in Paris.",
"It was named after the engineer Gustave Eiffel, whose company designed and built the tower.",
"Erected in 1889 as the entrance arch to the 1889 World's Fair, it was initially criticised by some of France's leading artists and intellectuals for its design, but has become both a global cultural icon of France and one of the most recognizable structures in the world.",
"The tower is the tallest structure in Paris and the most-visited paid monument in the world; 6.98 million people ascended it in 2011.",
"The tower received its 250 millionth visitor in 2010.",
"The tower is tall, about the same height as an 81- building.",
"During its construction, the Eiffel Tower surpassed the Washington Monument to assume the title of the tallest man-made structure in the world, a title it held for 41 years, until the Chrysler Building in New York City was built in 1930.",
"Because of the addition of the antenna atop the Eiffel Tower in 1957, it is now taller than the Chrysler Building by .",
"Not including broadcast antennae, it is the second-tallest structure in France, after the Millau Viaduct.",
"The tower has three levels for visitors, with restaurants on the first and second.",
"The third level observatory's upper platform is above the ground, the highest accessible to the public in the European Union.",
"Tickets can be purchased to ascend by stairs or lift (elevator) to the first and second levels.",
"The climb from ground level to the first level is over 300 steps, as is the walk from the first to the second level.",
"Although there are stairs to the third and highest level, these are usually closed to the public and it is generally only accessible by lift."
] |
[] |
Restoration
|
Is the illustration a reflection of the actual painting or the restoration?
|
The Last Judgment (Michelangelo)
| true | 3ART
|
[
1
] |
[
"The fresco was restored along with the Sistine vault between 1980 and 1994 under the supervision of curator of the Vatican Museums Frabrizio Mancinelli.",
"The illustration reflects the restoration.",
"During the course of the restoration about half of the censorship of the \"Fig-Leaf Campaign\" was removed.",
"Numerous pieces of buried details, caught under the smoke and grime of scores of years were revealed after the restoration.",
"It was discovered that the fresco of Biagio de Cesena as Minos with donkey ears was being bitten in the genitalia by a coiled snake.",
"Another discovery is of the figure condemned to Hell directly below and to the right of St. Bartholomew with flayed skin.",
"It was, for centuries, considered to be male until removal of the \"fig leaf\" showed that it was female."
] |
[] |
Literature
|
Who are some authors born in the 1800s of notoriety?
|
Republic of Ireland
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
4,
5
] |
[
"Ireland has made a significant contribution to world literature in both the English and Irish languages.",
"Modern Irish fiction began with the publishing of the 1726 novel \"Gulliver's Travels\" by Jonathan Swift.",
"Other writers of importance during the 18th century and their most notable works include Laurence Sterne with the publication of \"The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman\" and Oliver Goldsmith's \"The Vicar of Wakefield\".",
"Numerous Irish novelists emerged during the 19th century, including Maria Edgeworth, John Banim, Gerald Griffin, Charles Kickham, William Carleton, George Moore, and Somerville and Ross.",
"Bram Stoker is best known as the author of the 1897 novel \"Dracula\".",
"James Joyce (1882–1941) published his most famous work \"Ulysses\" in 1922, which is an interpretation of the \"Odyssey\" set in Dublin.",
"Edith Somerville continued writing after the death of her partner Martin Ross in 1915.",
"Dublin's Annie M. P. Smithson was one of several authors catering for fans of romantic fiction in the 1920s and 1930s.",
"After the Second World War, popular novels were published by, among others, Brian O'Nolan, who published as Flann O'Brien, Elizabeth Bowen, and Kate O'Brien.",
"During the final decades of the 20th century, Edna O'Brien, John McGahern, Maeve Binchy, Joseph O'Connor, Roddy Doyle, Colm Tóibín, and John Banville came to the fore as novelists.",
"Patricia Lynch (1898–1972) was a prolific children's author, while Eoin Colfer has been particularly successful in this genre in recent years.",
"In the genre of the short story, which is a form favoured by many Irish writers, the most prominent figures include Seán Ó Faoláin, Frank O'Connor and William Trevor.",
"Well known Irish poets include Patrick Kavanagh, Thomas McCarthy, Dermot Bolger, and Nobel Prize in Literature laureates William Butler Yeats and Seamus Heaney (born in Northern Ireland but resided in Dublin).",
"Prominent writers in the Irish language are Pádraic Ó Conaire, Máirtín Ó Cadhain, Séamus Ó Grianna, and Nuala Ní Dhomhnaill.",
"The history of Irish theatre begins with the expansion of the English administration in Dublin during the early 17th century, and since then, Ireland has significantly contributed to English drama.",
"In its early history, theatrical productions in Ireland tended to serve political purposes, but as more theatres opened and the popular audience grew, a more diverse range of entertainments were staged.",
"Many Dublin-based theatres developed links with their London equivalents, and British productions frequently found their way to the Irish stage.",
"However, most Irish playwrights went abroad to establish themselves.",
"In the 18th century, Oliver Goldsmith and Richard Brinsley Sheridan were two of the most successful playwrights on the London stage at that time.",
"At the beginning of the 20th century, theatre companies dedicated to the staging of Irish plays and the development of writers, directors and performers began to emerge, which allowed many Irish playwrights to learn their trade and establish their reputations in Ireland rather than in Britain or the United States.",
"Following in the tradition of acclaimed practitioners, principally Oscar Wilde and Literature Nobel Prize laureates George Bernard Shaw (1925), and Samuel Beckett (1969), playwrights such as Seán O'Casey, Brian Friel, Sebastian Barry, Brendan Behan, Conor McPherson, and Billy Roche have gained popular success.",
"Other Irish playwrights of the 20th century include Denis Johnston, Thomas Kilroy, Tom Murphy, Hugh Leonard, Frank McGuinness, and John B. Keane."
] |
[
3
] |
Project Mercury (1959–63)
|
On May 5, 1961 which astronaut became the first American in space aboard "Freedom 7", launched by a Redstone booster on a 15-minute ballistic (suborbital) flight?
|
NASA
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
6
] |
[
"Project Mercury (1959–63).",
"Shortly after the Space Race began, an early objective was to get a person into Earth orbit as soon as possible, therefore the simplest spacecraft that could be launched by existing rockets was favored.",
"U.S. Air Force's Man in Space Soonest program looked at many manned spacecraft designs, ranging from rocket planes like the X-15, to small ballistic space capsules.",
"By 1958, the space plane concepts were eliminated in favor of the ballistic capsule.",
"When NASA was created that same year, the Air Force program was transferred to it and renamed \"Project Mercury\".",
"The first seven astronauts were selected among candidates from the Navy, Air Force and Marine test pilot programs.",
"On May 5, 1961, astronaut Alan Shepard became the first American in space aboard \"Freedom 7\", launched by a Redstone booster on a 15-minute ballistic (suborbital) flight.",
"John Glenn became the first American to be launched into orbit by an Atlas launch vehicle on February 20, 1962 aboard \"Friendship 7\".",
"Glenn completed three orbits, after which three more orbital flights were made, culminating in L. Gordon Cooper's 22-orbit flight \"Faith 7\", May 15–16, 1963.",
"The Soviet Union (USSR) competed with its own single-pilot spacecraft, Vostok.",
"They beat the U.S. for the first man in space, by launching cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin into a single Earth orbit aboard Vostok 1 in April 1961, one month before Shepard's flight.",
"In August 1962, they achieved an almost four-day record flight with Andriyan Nikolayev aboard Vostok 3, and also conducted a concurrent Vostok 4 mission carrying Pavel Popovich."
] |
[] |
Abstract
|
Who was "All I Want for Christmas is You" originally sung by?
|
All I Want for Christmas Is You
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
0
] |
[
"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\" is a song originally performed by American singer-songwriter Mariah Carey.",
"It was released by Columbia Records in 1994 as the lead single from her fourth studio album, \"Merry Christmas\".",
"Carey co-wrote and co-produced the song with Walter Afanasieff.",
"An uptempo love song, the instrumentation includes bell chimes and heavy back-up vocals, as well as use of synthesizers.",
"The song's lyrics declare that the protagonist does not care about Christmas presents or lights; all she wants for Christmas is to be united with her lover for the holidays.",
"Two music videos were commissioned for the song, both being filmed during the month of December 1993.",
"The song's primary music video features grainy home footage of Carey, her dogs and family during the holiday season, as well as Carey dressed in a Santa suit frolicking on a snowy mountainside.",
"Then husband Tommy Mottola makes a cameo appearance as Santa Claus, bringing Carey a gift and leaving on a red sleigh.",
"The second video was filmed in black and white format, and features Carey dressed in 1960s style, while paying homage to The Ronettes, alongside back up singers and male dancers.",
"Carey performed \"All I Want for Christmas is You\" during a slew of live television appearances and tours throughout her career.",
"She first sang it live during the Japanese leg of her Daydream World Tour (1996), Butterfly World Tour (1998) and (2003–04), as well as the Walt Disney World Christmas Day Parade in 2004 and 2010.",
"Both live appearances were aired on ABC.",
"So So Def released a remix version in 2000, and a dance mix in 2009.",
"In 2010, Carey re-recorded the song for her second holiday album, \"Merry Christmas II You\", titled \"All I Want for Christmas Is You (Extra Festive)\".",
"In 2011, Carey re-recorded the song as duet with Justin Bieber, titled \"All I Want for Christmas for You (SuperFestive!)\".",
"The song has also been covered by many artists over the years, including Demi Lovato, Shania Twain, Michael Bublé, The Cheetah Girls, Cee Lo Green with Big Time Rush, Lady Antebellum, Nota, Miley Cyrus, The Electrical Fire, Atomic Tom, John Mayer and \"Glee\"'s Amber Riley.",
"Critically, \"All I Want for Christmas Is You\" has been lauded, with \"The New Yorker\" calling it \"one of the few worthy modern additions to the holiday canon\".",
"The song was commercially successful, reaching the No.",
"2 position on the singles charts of Australia, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway, and the United Kingdom, and the top 10 in several other countries.",
"It became the nineteenth-best-selling digital single of the 20th century, the highest-charting entry by a female or holiday song on the list.",
"\"The Daily Telegraph\" hailed \"All I Want for Christmas Is You\" as the most popular and most played Christmas song of the decade in the United Kingdom.",
"\"Rolling Stone\" ranked it fourth on its Greatest Rock and Roll Christmas Songs list, calling it a \"holiday standard.\"",
"With global sales of over 14 million copies, the song remains Carey's biggest international hit and one of the best-selling singles of all time."
] |
[
3
] |
Plot
|
By what means did Sitterson discover that Marty is still living?
|
The Cabin in the Woods
| true | 6MOVIES
|
[
17
] |
[
"Working from a hidden underground facility, senior technicians Gary Sitterson and Steve Hadley initiate plans for a mysterious ritual – reportedly one of several others taking place around the world.",
"Also present is specialist Wendy Lin, who discloses that a similar operation undertaken by their Swedish counterparts has just ended in failure.",
"Meanwhile, American college students Dana Polk, Holden McCrea, Marty Mikalski, Jules Louden, and Curt Vaughan are spending their weekend at a seemingly deserted cabin in the forest.",
"It soon becomes clear that Sitterson and Hadley are manipulating this setting from afar, even intoxicating the teenagers with psychotropic drugs that gradually hinder rational thinking while increasing libido.",
"After the door to the cabin's darkened cellar swings open on its own during a tipsy game of \"Truth or Dare\", for example, both technicians coerce their charges into investigating the contents within.",
"The group soon uncovers a plentiful assortment of bizarre articles, including an old diary once maintained by Patience Buckner, onetime cabin resident abused by her sadistic family.",
"Dana, who takes an interest in Patience, subsequently recites incantations from the journal and inadvertently summons the zombified Buckner clan.",
"Leaving Dana, Holden, and Marty behind with the book, Curt and Jules retire outside – where Hadley successfully induces them to have sex.",
"Set upon by marauding Buckners, Jules is decapitated but Curt escapes, sounding the alarm.",
"Marty, a frequent marijuana smoker, becomes justifiably paranoid, declaring that unseen figureheads have been toying with their crisis.",
"Locating concealed surveillance equipment, he theorizes that the predicament may be a gimmick for reality television before being dragged off to be killed by Judah Buckner.",
"Terrified, Curt, Holden, and Dana attempt escape in their RV, though Sitterson triggers a tunnel collapse, rendering the highway impassable.",
"Curt jumps a ravine on his motorcycle in a desperate bid to reach an adjoining road, but is killed crashing into a camouflaged force shield - apparently erected by the technicians.",
"His demise convinces Dana that Marty's concerns may have been founded.",
"Veering off the tarmac, the RV plummets into a nearby lake after Father Buckner surfaces inside and stabs Holden.",
"Dana survives the impact, but is confronted by Matthew Buckner when she swims ashore.",
"As he delivers his final blow, the Facility staff celebrate the completion of their ritual.",
"Sitterson receives a phone call informing him that Marty is still alive.",
"Rescuing Dana, Marty reveals that he was able to overpower his assailant upon being taken into an obscured elevator.",
"They infiltrate the Facility, where a menagerie of monsters are imprisoned.",
"Dana observes a cenobite-like creature clutching a globe she observed in the cabin's cellar, indicating that the items there dictate which monster will be unleashed on its concurrent occupants.",
"She and Marty are cornered by a private security team, but before they can be captured, manage to release the monsters, which run rampant throughout and slaughter the Facility's staff, including Hadley.",
"Sitterson escapes, only to be inadvertently stabbed by Dana in the lower levels of the building.",
"Upon entering an underground temple, the two survivors meet the project Director who explains that every year worldwide rituals commence to appease malevolent beings identified only as \"Ancient Ones\" living beneath the Facility, they are kept in perpetual slumber through an annual pars pro toto sacrifice of five young people embodying certain archetypes: the Whore (Jules), the Athlete (Curt), the Scholar (Holden), the Fool (Marty), and the Virgin (Dana).",
"The order in which intended victims perish is flexible, as long as the Whore is first and the Virgin is last (or optionally survives, so long as the others die).",
"The Director urges Dana to shoot Marty, completing the ritual, but they are interrupted by a werewolf which Marty fends off after it attacked Dana.",
"Patience Buckner arrives, killing the Director, and Marty pushes them into a chasm.",
"Dana and Marty accept that it might be better for another species to take humanity's place if this is the price of its continued existence.",
"They share a final joint as an Ancient One finally stirs, destroying the Facility."
] |
[
0
] |
Abstract
|
When did the film premiere at South by Southwest?
|
The Cabin in the Woods
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
10
] |
[
"The Cabin in the Woods is a 2012 American satirical horror film directed by Drew Goddard in his directorial debut, produced by Joss Whedon, and written by Whedon and Goddard.",
"The film stars Kristen Connolly, Chris Hemsworth, Anna Hutchison, Fran Kranz, and Jesse Williams.",
"Goddard and Whedon, having worked together previously on \"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\" and \"Angel\", wrote the screenplay in three days, describing it as an attempt to \"revitalize\" the slasher film genre and as a critical satire on torture porn.",
"\"The A.V.",
"Club\", elaborating on this description, wrote, \"Where \"Scream\" put a postmodern twist on slasher films, \"The Cabin In The Woods\" takes on the whole genre and twists even harder...",
"The script brings to the fore Whedon’s love of subverting clichés while embracing them and teasing out their deeper meaning.",
"\"Filming took place in Vancouver, British Columbia, from March to May 2009 on an estimated budget of $30 million.",
"Scheduled to be released on February 5, 2010, the release was delayed until January 14, 2011 so that the film could be converted into 3D.",
"Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's financial troubles then delayed the release indefinitely.",
"The distribution rights were bought by Lionsgate in April 2011, who cancelled the planned 3D conversion.",
"The film then premiered on March 9, 2012 at the South by Southwest film festival in Austin, Texas and was released in the United States on April 13, 2012.",
"The film was both a critical and financial success receiving positive reviews, featuring on Metacritic's best films of 2012 list and grossing over $65 million worldwide."
] |
[
2
] |
Plot
|
Who convinced Jules and Curt to sleep together outdoors?
|
The Cabin in the Woods
| true | 6MOVIES
|
[
7
] |
[
"Working from a hidden underground facility, senior technicians Gary Sitterson and Steve Hadley initiate plans for a mysterious ritual – reportedly one of several others taking place around the world.",
"Also present is specialist Wendy Lin, who discloses that a similar operation undertaken by their Swedish counterparts has just ended in failure.",
"Meanwhile, American college students Dana Polk, Holden McCrea, Marty Mikalski, Jules Louden, and Curt Vaughan are spending their weekend at a seemingly deserted cabin in the forest.",
"It soon becomes clear that Sitterson and Hadley are manipulating this setting from afar, even intoxicating the teenagers with psychotropic drugs that gradually hinder rational thinking while increasing libido.",
"After the door to the cabin's darkened cellar swings open on its own during a tipsy game of \"Truth or Dare\", for example, both technicians coerce their charges into investigating the contents within.",
"The group soon uncovers a plentiful assortment of bizarre articles, including an old diary once maintained by Patience Buckner, onetime cabin resident abused by her sadistic family.",
"Dana, who takes an interest in Patience, subsequently recites incantations from the journal and inadvertently summons the zombified Buckner clan.",
"Leaving Dana, Holden, and Marty behind with the book, Curt and Jules retire outside – where Hadley successfully induces them to have sex.",
"Set upon by marauding Buckners, Jules is decapitated but Curt escapes, sounding the alarm.",
"Marty, a frequent marijuana smoker, becomes justifiably paranoid, declaring that unseen figureheads have been toying with their crisis.",
"Locating concealed surveillance equipment, he theorizes that the predicament may be a gimmick for reality television before being dragged off to be killed by Judah Buckner.",
"Terrified, Curt, Holden, and Dana attempt escape in their RV, though Sitterson triggers a tunnel collapse, rendering the highway impassable.",
"Curt jumps a ravine on his motorcycle in a desperate bid to reach an adjoining road, but is killed crashing into a camouflaged force shield - apparently erected by the technicians.",
"His demise convinces Dana that Marty's concerns may have been founded.",
"Veering off the tarmac, the RV plummets into a nearby lake after Father Buckner surfaces inside and stabs Holden.",
"Dana survives the impact, but is confronted by Matthew Buckner when she swims ashore.",
"As he delivers his final blow, the Facility staff celebrate the completion of their ritual.",
"Sitterson receives a phone call informing him that Marty is still alive.",
"Rescuing Dana, Marty reveals that he was able to overpower his assailant upon being taken into an obscured elevator.",
"They infiltrate the Facility, where a menagerie of monsters are imprisoned.",
"Dana observes a cenobite-like creature clutching a globe she observed in the cabin's cellar, indicating that the items there dictate which monster will be unleashed on its concurrent occupants.",
"She and Marty are cornered by a private security team, but before they can be captured, manage to release the monsters, which run rampant throughout and slaughter the Facility's staff, including Hadley.",
"Sitterson escapes, only to be inadvertently stabbed by Dana in the lower levels of the building.",
"Upon entering an underground temple, the two survivors meet the project Director who explains that every year worldwide rituals commence to appease malevolent beings identified only as \"Ancient Ones\" living beneath the Facility, they are kept in perpetual slumber through an annual pars pro toto sacrifice of five young people embodying certain archetypes: the Whore (Jules), the Athlete (Curt), the Scholar (Holden), the Fool (Marty), and the Virgin (Dana).",
"The order in which intended victims perish is flexible, as long as the Whore is first and the Virgin is last (or optionally survives, so long as the others die).",
"The Director urges Dana to shoot Marty, completing the ritual, but they are interrupted by a werewolf which Marty fends off after it attacked Dana.",
"Patience Buckner arrives, killing the Director, and Marty pushes them into a chasm.",
"Dana and Marty accept that it might be better for another species to take humanity's place if this is the price of its continued existence.",
"They share a final joint as an Ancient One finally stirs, destroying the Facility."
] |
[
3
] |
Statue
|
What type of marble is the Lincoln Memorial made of?
|
Lincoln Memorial
| false | 2TRAVEL
|
[
4,
5
] |
[
"Lying between the north and south chambers is the central hall containing the solitary figure of Lincoln sitting in contemplation.",
"The statue was carved by the Piccirilli Brothers under the supervision of the sculptor, Daniel Chester French, and took four years to complete.",
"The statue, originally intended to be only tall, was, on further consideration, enlarged so that it finally stood tall from head to foot, the scale being such that if Lincoln were standing, he would be tall.",
"The extreme width of the statue is the same as its height.",
"The Georgia white marble sculpture weighs and had to be shipped in 28 separate pieces.",
"The statue rests upon an oblong pedestal of Tennessee marble high, wide, and deep.",
"Directly beneath this lies a platform of Tennessee marble about long, wide, and high.",
"Lincoln's arms rest on representations of Roman fasces, a subtle touch that associates the statue with the Augustan (and imperial) theme (obelisk and funerary monuments) of the Washington Mall.",
"The statue is discretely bordered by two pilasters, one on each side.",
"Between these pilasters and above Lincoln's head stands the engraved epitaph, composed by Royal Cortissoz, shown in the box to the left."
] |
[
0
] |
Development
|
Where can we find the Brian Coyle Community Center?
|
Captain Phillips (film)
| true | 6MOVIES
|
[
4
] |
[
"Shortly after the publication of Richard Phillips's memoir \"A Captain's Duty\" in 2010, Sony Pictures optioned the film rights.",
"In March 2011, actor Tom Hanks attached himself to the project after reading a draft of the screenplay by Billy Ray.",
"During the following June, director Paul Greengrass was offered the helm of the then-untitled film adaptation.",
"A worldwide search subsequently began to find the film's supporting Somali cast.",
"From this search, Barkhad Abdi, Barkhad Abdirahman, Faysal Ahmed, and Mahat M. Ali were chosen from among more than 700 participants at a 2011 casting call at the Brian Coyle Community Center in Cedar-Riverside, Minneapolis.",
"According to the search casting director, Debbie DeLisi, the four actors were selected because they were \"the chosen ones, that anointed group that stuck out.",
"\"Producers visited the National Navy UDT-SEAL Museum to see the bullet-scarred, five-ton fiberglass lifeboat aboard which the pirates held Capt.",
"Phillips hostage so that they could accurately re-create the boat and interiors for the set.",
"They were also able to view an example of the Boeing Insitu ScanEagle UAV, used to monitor the crisis, as well as the Mark 11 Mod 0 (SR-25) sniper rifle (the type used by the U.S. Navy SEALs), both also on display at the museum."
] |
[
4
] |
Tributes
|
What artist was the music selection based off of on Season 17, week 8 of "Dancing with the Stars" (US edition)?
|
Dancing with the Stars (U.S. TV series)
| false | 1TV
|
[
8
] |
[
"In seasons nine and ten, three tribute performances have been done in honour of some people.",
"The first was a tribute to recently deceased actor Patrick Swayze, on Sep 23, 2009.",
"\"She's Like the Wind\" from the \"Dirty Dancing\" soundtrack (originally written by Swayze for his film \"Grandview USA\"), \"Unchained Melody\" from his film \"Ghost\", and \"(I've had) the Time of my Life\" from \"Dirty Dancing\" were performed by select professional dancers of the Show.",
"On October 20, 2009, a tribute was done for singer and dancer, Michael Jackson.",
"\"I Want You Back\", \"Man in the Mirror\" and \"Thriller\" were performed—the first two by select professional dancers of the show, and all coming together for \"Thriller\".",
"In season ten, Professional Haitian dancers performed as a tribute to victims of the 2010 Haiti earthquake on March 30, 2010.",
"One of the male dancers had lost his son in the rubble.",
"They were dancing to \"Dance Like This\" by Wyclef Jean.",
"In season seventeen, in week eight, all dance numbers were done to guest judge Cher's hit songs.",
"She also performed live \"Believe\" and her newest single \"I Hope You Find It\" from her recent album \"Closer to the Truth\", after an eleven-year hiatus."
] |
[
0
] |
Etymology
|
When was Virus first used in the English language?
|
Virus
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
0
] |
[
"The word is from the Latin \"virus\" referring to poison and other noxious substances, first used in English in 1392.",
"\"Virulent\", from Latin \"virulentus\" (poisonous), dates to 1400.",
"A meaning of \"agent that causes infectious disease\" is first recorded in 1728, before the discovery of viruses by Dmitri Ivanovsky in 1892.",
"The English plural is \"viruses\", whereas the Latin word is a mass noun, which has no classically attested plural.",
"The adjective \"viral\" dates to 1948.",
"The term \"virion\" (plural \"virions\"), which dates from 1959, is also used to refer to a single, stable infective viral particle that is released from the cell and is fully capable of infecting other cells of the same type."
] |
[
2
] |
Criticism of modern medicine
|
Which author wrote the 1954 book that found statistical methods superior to diagnostic methods?
|
Medicine
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
7
] |
[
"According to Paul Farmer, the main problem for modern medicine is lack of access in poor regions.",
"There is an \"outcome gap\" between the rich and poor that is most noticeable with expensive-to-treat diseases like AIDS and tuberculosis.",
"The majority of medical resources and therapies are concentrated in the rich, low-incidence regions such as the West.",
"On the other hand, countries in the developing world have high rates of HIV but lack the necessary resources to treat them.",
"Medical errors and overmedication and other forms of iatrogenesis (harms caused by medical treatment) are also the focus of complaints and negative coverage.",
"Practitioners of human factors engineering believe that there is much that medicine may usefully gain by emulating concepts in aviation safety, where it is recognized that it is dangerous to place too much responsibility on one \"superhuman\" individual and expect him or her not to make errors.",
"Reporting systems and checking mechanisms are becoming more common in identifying sources of error and improving practice.",
"Clinical versus statistical, algorithmic diagnostic methods were famously examined in psychiatric practice in a 1954 book by Paul E. Meehl, which found statistical methods superior.",
"A 2000 meta-analysis comparing these methods in both psychology and medicine found that statistical or \"mechanical\" diagnostic methods were, in general, although not always, superior.",
"Disparities in quality of care given among local demographics are often an additional cause of controversy.",
"For example, elderly mentally ill patients received poorer care during hospitalization in a 2008 study.",
"Rural poor African-American men were used in an infamous study of syphilis that denied them basic medical care."
] |
[] |
Remixes and freestyles
|
How many freestyle tracks for "The Motto" are listed here?
|
The Motto
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
0,
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10
] |
[
"Tom Reid Mix Freestyle",
"Big Bizzy Barney Beats",
" Drake, featuring Lil Wayne & Tyga (Official remix)",
" YG, Nipsey Hussle and Snoop Dogg",
" Nelly (Released through the Mixtape O.E.MO)",
" Jeremih",
" Mario",
" Young Jeezy and Freddie Gibbs",
" Wale and Meek Mill",
" Wiz Khalifa, Juicy J, Berner",
" Nekfeu, Alpha Wann, Sneazzy West (1995) (France)"
] |
[
5
] |
Plant hormones
|
What plant contains phtochromes and is sensitive to light?
|
Botany
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
15
] |
[
"Plants are not passive, but respond to external signals such as light, touch, and injury by moving or growing towards or away from the stimulus, as appropriate.",
"Tangible evidence of touch sensitivity is the almost instantaneous collapse of leaflets of \"Mimosa pudica\", the insect traps of Venus flytrap and bladderworts, and the pollinia of orchids.",
"The hypothesis that plant growth and development is coordinated by plant hormones or plant growth regulators first emerged in the late 19th century.",
"Darwin experimented on the movements of plant shoots and roots towards light and gravity, and concluded \"It is hardly an exaggeration to say that the tip of the radicle .",
".",
"acts like the brain of one of the lower animals .",
".",
"directing the several movements\".",
"About the same time, the role of auxins (from the Greek auxein, to grow) in control of plant growth was first outlined by the Dutch scientist Frits Went.",
"The first known auxin, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), which promotes cell growth, was only isolated from plants about 50 years later.",
"This compound mediates the tropic responses of shoots and roots towards light and gravity.",
"The finding in 1939 that plant callus could be maintained in culture containing IAA, followed by the observation in 1947 that it could be induced to form roots and shoots by controlling the concentration of growth hormones were key steps in the development of plant biotechnology and genetic modification.",
"Another class of phytohormones is the jasmonates, first isolated from the oil of \"Jasminum grandiflorum\" which regulates wound responses in plants by unblocking the expression of genes required in the systemic acquired resistance response to pathogen attack.",
"In addition to being the primary energy source for plants, light functions as a signalling device, providing information to the plant, such as how much sunlight the plant receives each day.",
"This can result in adaptive changes in a process known as photomorphogenesis.",
"Phytochromes are the photoreceptors in a plant that are sensitive to light."
] |
[
0
] |
Main cast
|
Who was the master chef of the prison?
|
Orange Is the New Black
| false | 1TV
|
[
13
] |
[
" Taylor Schilling as Piper Chapman: Piper is a bisexual woman who is sent to prison for carrying drug money for her former girlfriend Alex 10 years ago.",
"Piper navigates the stresses it creates in her life and with her fiancé Larry.",
"While in prison, Piper tries to understand and find her place in the hierarchy and re-examines her relationship with Alex, who is also an inmate.",
" Laura Prepon as Alex Vause: Alex is Piper's ex-girlfriend, who is serving time in the same prison.",
"While growing up in a low socioeconomic class, with a mother working four jobs and a washed-up rock star as a father, Alex was constantly bullied.",
"She eventually wound up working for an international drug cartel.",
"Upon reuniting with Piper in prison, the two re-examine their relationship.",
"Prepon auditioned for the role of Piper, and Jenji Kohan praised her, saying her audition set the bar, and Kohan asked her to read for the role of Alex.",
" Michael J. Harney as Sam Healy: Healy is a correctional officer and social worker.",
"He claims to understand Piper, although he acts passive-aggressively towards her.",
"He is married to a Ukrainian immigrant who has two years left until she gets her green card.",
" Michelle Hurst as Miss Claudette: Piper's cellmate who is very strict and feared by the inmates.",
"Miss Claudette ran an illegal immigration and child-labor cleaning service; the very one she herself had worked in when she came to the United States as a child to pay off her parents' debt.",
" Kate Mulgrew as Galina \"Red\" Reznikov: Red runs the prison's kitchen as its Master Chef.",
"She owned a restaurant with her husband and worked with the Russian mob.",
"Red is the go-to woman in the prison and runs her racket behind the scenes.",
"She is seen as a mother figure for a group of women, some of whom are former drug users.",
" Jason Biggs as Larry Bloom: A struggling writer trying to climb the journalism ladder, Larry finds out his fiancée Piper has to go to prison.",
"Larry initially believes their relationship can make it through Piper's sentence."
] |
[
3
] |
Music
|
What did Alex Ebert say about the film?
|
All Is Lost
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
1
] |
[
"The film score to \"All Is Lost\" is composed by Edward Sharpe and the Magnetic Zeros’ frontman Alex Ebert, who signed on to the film in November 2012.",
"Speaking of the experience of working on the film, Ebert said, \"This project was a dream—an open space to play in but also space to listen to the elements—wind, water, rain, sun, are the story's other characters to me.",
"I knew I had quite a task ahead of me: to at once allow the elements to sing and to give Redford a voice with which to, once in a while, respond.\"",
"The \"extra features\" of the Blu-ray Disc explicate on the unique development of the sound track, music, script and other production considerations.",
"A soundtrack album featuring ten original compositions and one new song all written, composed, and produced by Ebert was released on October 1, 2013 by Community Music.",
"On September 12, 2013, the song \"Amen\" from the soundtrack was made available for streaming."
] |
[
0
] |
Interior
|
The Lincoln memorial contains how many chambers?
|
Lincoln Memorial
| true | 2TRAVEL
|
[
1
] |
[
"The area where the statue stands is 60 feet wide, 74 feet long, and 60 feet high.",
"The interior of the Memorial is divided into three chambers by two rows of Ionic columns.",
"These columns, four in each row, are tall and in diameter at their base.",
"The north and south side chambers contain carved inscriptions of Lincoln's second inaugural address and his Gettysburg Address.",
"Bordering these inscriptions are pilasters ornamented with fasces, eagles, and wreaths.",
"The inscriptions and adjoining ornamentation were done by Evelyn Beatrice Longman.",
"The Memorial is filled with symbolism: the 36 columns represent the states in the union at the time of Lincoln's death, the 48 stone festoons on the attic above the columns represent the 48 states in 1922.",
"Above each of the inscriptions is a mural painted by Jules Guerin graphically portraying governing principles evident in Lincoln's life.",
"On the south wall mural, Freedom, Liberty, Immortality, Justice, and the Law are pictured, while the north wall portrays Unity, Fraternity, and Charity.",
"Both scenes contain a background of cypress trees, the emblem of Eternity.",
"The murals were crafted with a special mixture of paint which included elements of kerosene and wax to protect the exposed artwork from fluctuations in temperature and moisture conditions.",
"The ceiling of the Memorial, above the floor, is composed of bronze girders, ornamented with laurel and oak leaves.",
"Between the girders are panels of Alabama marble, saturated with paraffin to increase their translucency.",
"Despite the increased light from this device, Bacon and French felt the statue required even more light.",
"They decided upon an artificial lighting system in which a louvered lighting panel would be set in the ceiling with metal slats to conceal the great floodlights.",
"Custodians could adjust the lights from a control room, varying them according to the outside light.",
"Funds for this expensive system were appropriated by Congress in 1926, and in 1929, seven years after the dedication, the statue was properly lighted.",
"Since that time, only one major alteration has taken place in the Memorial's design.",
"This was the addition of an elevator within the structure to aid handicapped visitors, which was installed in the mid-1970s."
] |
[
5
] |
Season 3 (2009–10)
|
Addison and Sam decide not to become a couple for what reason?
|
Private Practice (TV series)
| false | 1TV
|
[
2
] |
[
"Season 3 (2009–10).",
"In the third season, Violet survives the cliffhanger in season two while she gives her baby Lucas to Pete while she recovers from the ordeal.",
"Addison and Sam get even closer but decide not to become a couple because they don't want to hurt Naomi, Charlotte and Cooper break up, and Dell loses Heather in an explosion which nearly kills Betsey also.",
"Addison and Pete become a couple, which causes Addison to get close to Lucas until Violet wants him back even going as far as taking Pete to court to get joint custody.",
"Sheldon starts to fall for Charlotte after they start to sleep together and Sam and Naomi's daughter, Maya, gets pregnant and marries the father of her baby, Dink.",
"And Derek Shepherd's sister, Dr. Amelia Shepherd, arrives in town.",
"In the season finale, Addison and Sam finally get together while Charlotte and Cooper get engaged much to Sheldon's dismay.",
"Pete and Violet work over their issues, while Dell and Maya get involved in a car accident and the severity of Dell's condition is overlooked while Maya was being attended to in the operating room.",
"Dr. Amelia Shepherd, younger sister of Derek Shepherd (Addison's ex-husband), operated on him but was unable to resuscitate following Dell's heart failure.",
"Maya survived her operation to save her spinal cord and prevent paralysis while at the same time she gives birth to a girl, who also survives the ordeal."
] |
[
0
] |
Competitions
|
What is the first competition to have a Wushu event?
|
Wushu (sport)
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
1
] |
[
"List of major international and regional competitions featuring wushu:",
" World Wushu Championships",
" World Junior Wushu Championships",
" World Games",
" World Combat Games",
" Asian Games",
" East Asian Games",
" Southeast Asian Games",
" European Wushu Championships, organised by the European Wushu Federation",
" National Games of the People's Republic of China",
" South Asian Games",
" Mediterranean Games",
" Lusofonia Games"
] |
[
0
] |
Broadcast history
|
The Gilmore Girls Television show was shown on which channel in the United States?
|
Gilmore Girls
| true | 1TV
|
[
3
] |
[
"",
"\"Gilmore Girls\" first season commenced in the Thursday 8pm/7pm Central time slot, as a lead in for \"Charmed\".",
"Renewed for a second season, the show was relocated on Tuesdays 8pm/7pm, the time slot of \"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\", which transferred to UPN, and served as a lead-in for \"Smallville\".",
"In its syndicated release in the United States, the show airs on the ABC Family Channel, and from 2009-2013, aired in weekend timeslots on their sister network SOAPnet, which closed at the start of 2014.",
"First season reruns aired on Monday nights from March until May 2001 while \"Roswell\" was on hiatus.",
"An additional run of the first season aired in summer of 2002 on Sunday nights under the title \"Gilmore Girls Beginnings\", and was one of two shows on The WB to give the \"Beginnings\" in its title for reruns (the other being \"7th Heaven\").",
"In the United Kingdom \"Gilmore Girls\" was initially screened on Nickelodeon from 2003.",
"It remains the only hour-long series to air thereon to date.",
"Only the first three seasons were shown, with episodes edited for content and some, like \"The Big One,\" dropped entirely.",
"The series was subsequently picked up by the Hallmark Channel, which gave UK premieres to Seasons 4 and 5, and E4, which continues to show all seven seasons in rotation, with occasional cuts to render it suitable for its early time slot.",
"On 16 January 2012, Gilmore Girls aired its final episode on UK Channel E4.",
"All seven seasons are now being aired, unedited, on 5*.",
"In Brazil and Mexico, the show premiered in November 5, 2000 on Warner Channel.",
"Then it was shown Boomerang across Latin America."
] |
[] |
Season 4
|
Were there any notable actors or actresses in season 4 of 30 Rock?
|
30 Rock
| false | 1TV
|
[
4
] |
[
"The fourth season of \"30 Rock\" premiered on October 15, 2009.",
"Like the previous season 3, it also consisted of 22 episodes.",
"A recurring story arc early in the season revolved around Jack's request that Liz cast a new actor for \"TGS\", and Liz's subsequent search for the perfect comedian, much to the dismay of Jenna and Tracy, who fear losing their spotlight.",
"The later half of the season focused on two complementary story arcs: Jack's inability to choose between his two girlfriends, and Liz's inability to find a boyfriend to live up to her expectations and Jenna's relationship with a Jenna Maroney impersonator.",
"The season has also featured such guest stars as Julianne Moore, Jon Bon Jovi, Cheyenne Jackson, Sherri Shepherd, Will Forte, Elizabeth Banks, Michael Sheen, Matt Damon, and James Franco."
] |
[] |
Administrative divisions
|
How many states is Austria divided into?
|
Austria
| false | 5COUNTRY
|
[
0
] |
[
"As a federal republic, Austria is divided into nine states ().",
"These states are then divided into districts () and statutory cities ().",
"Districts are subdivided into municipalities ().",
"Statutory Cities have the competencies otherwise granted to both districts and municipalities.",
"The states are not mere administrative divisions but have some legislative authority distinct from the federal government, e.g.",
"in matters of culture, social care, youth and nature protection, hunting, building, and zoning ordinances.",
"In recent years, it has been discussed whether today it is appropriate for a small country to maintain ten parliaments."
] |
[
5
] |
Abstract
|
How large is a modern handball court?
|
Handball
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
2
] |
[
"Handball (also known as team handball, Olympic handball, European team handball, European handball, or Borden ball) is a team sport in which two teams of seven players each (six outfield players and a goalkeeper on each team) pass a ball to throw it into the goal of the other team.",
"A standard match consists of two periods of 30 minutes, and the team that scores more goals wins.",
"Modern handball is played on a court 40 by 20 meters (131 by 66 ft), with a goal in the center of each end.",
"The goals are surrounded by a 6-meter zone where only the defending goalkeeper is allowed; the goals must be scored by throwing the ball from outside the zone or while \"diving\" into it.",
"The sport is usually played indoors, but outdoor variants exist in the forms of field handball and Czech handball (which were more common in the past) and beach handball (also called sandball).",
"The game is quite fast and includes body contact, as the defenders try to stop the attackers from approaching the goal.",
"Goals are scored quite frequently; usually both teams score at least 20 goals each, and it is not uncommon for both teams to score more than 30 goals.",
"The game was codified at the end of the 19th century in northern Europe, chiefly in Scandinavia and Germany.",
"The modern set of rules was published in 1917 in Germany, and had several revisions since.",
"The first international games were played under these rules for men in 1925 and for women in 1930.",
"Men's field handball was first played at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, and the next time at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, and has been an Olympics sport since.",
"Women's team handball was added at the 1976 Summer Olympics.",
"The International Handball Federation was formed in 1946, and has 174 member federations.",
"The sport is most popular in continental Europe, whose countries have won every single medal in men's world championships since 1938, and all women's titles until 2013, when Brazil broke the series.",
"The game also enjoys popularity in Far East, north Africa and Brazil."
] |
[
5
] |
Reception
|
Thankfully, Levine loves ladies.
|
One More Night (Maroon 5 song)
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
12
] |
[
"John Mitchell of MTV News commented: \"The clip could be looked at as a metaphor for the difficulties Levine faces balancing his professional life as a world-famous singer and TV star and a personal life with the same wants (happy relationship, a family) as everyone else.\"",
"He further added: \"Perhaps the video is a lingering response to his recent breakup from model Anne Vyalitsyna.",
"Robbie Daw of Idolator agreed, writing: \"We wouldn’t be surprised to find out that the breakup had some impact on the theme for the video.\"",
"However, Daw noted: \"The visual, for the most part, strays from the song’s lyrics, which seem to describe a man trying to resist the sexual charms of a woman he realizes he’s not compatible with.\"",
"Rolling Stone stated: \"Despite the track's laid-back reggae sound, the clip is quite emotionally heavy.\"",
"Alexandra Carpototo of \"Pop Crush\" commented: \"We couldn’t even fathom leaving him; and him playing a father just makes us want him even more.",
"There’s just something so hot about a bruised Adam Levine (both physically and emotionally).\"",
"Ray Rahman of \"Entertainment Weekly\"'s Music Mix wrote that \"You might expect an epic music video — the 'Payphone' clip was a mini action film, after all — but the concept is on the subdued side.\"",
"Melinda Newman of HitFix thought that \"The clip is beautifully shot and Levine gets to show off his boxing chops and his abs, but it’s a pretty tepid affair all around.\"",
"Emily Exton of \"Pop Dust\" commented about the end of the video, writing \"Considering he boxes for a living, we’ll allow five minutes of wallowing before making requisite 'get back in the ring!'",
"comments in reference to his dating life.",
"Yes, she’s left him and yes, this is the woman who inflicted her Helen of Troy-like powers across the entire Lonestar State, but isn’t it always on to the next one?",
"Good thing Levine loves ladies so much.\""
] |
[] |
Soundtrack
|
When was the remix techo version released?
|
Das Boot
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
0
] |
[
"The characteristic lead melody of the soundtrack, composed and produced by Klaus Doldinger, took on a life of its own after German rave group U96 created a remixed \"techno version\" in 1991.",
"The title theme \"Das Boot\" later became an international hit.",
"The official soundtrack features only compositions by Doldinger, except for \"J'attendrai\" sung by Rina Ketty.",
"The soundtrack (\"Filmmusik\") released following the release of \"The Director's Cut\" version omits \"J'attendrai\".",
"Songs heard in the film, but not included on the album are \"La Paloma\" sung by Rosita Serrano, the \"Erzherzog-Albrecht-Marsch\" (a popular military march), \"It's a Long Way to Tipperary\" performed by the Red Army Chorus, Heimat, Deine Sterne and the Westerwald-Marsch."
] |
[
2
] |
Military
|
Which country has the second largest force in NATO?
|
Turkey
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
0
] |
[
"Turkey has the second largest standing armed force in NATO, after the US Armed Forces, with an estimated strength of 495,000 deployable forces, according to a 2011 NATO estimate.",
"Turkey is one of five NATO member states which are part of the nuclear sharing policy of the alliance, together with Belgium, Germany, Italy, and the Netherlands.",
"A total of 90 B61 nuclear bombs are hosted at the Incirlik Air Base, 40 of which are allocated for use by the Turkish Air Force in case of a nuclear conflict, but their use requires the approval of NATO.",
"The Turkish Armed Forces consists of the Land Forces, the Naval Forces and the Air Force.",
"The Gendarmerie and the Coast Guard operate as parts of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in peacetime, although they are subordinated to the Army and Navy Commands respectively in wartime, during which they have both internal law enforcement and military functions.",
"The Chief of the General Staff is appointed by the President and is responsible to the Prime Minister.",
"The Council of Ministers is responsible to the Parliament for matters of national security and the adequate preparation of the armed forces to defend the country.",
"However, the authority to declare war and to deploy the Turkish Armed Forces to foreign countries or to allow foreign armed forces to be stationed in Turkey rests solely with the Parliament.",
"The actual Commander of the Armed Forces is the Chief of the General Staff General Necdet Özel since 4 August 2011.",
"Every fit male Turkish citizen otherwise not barred is required to serve in the military for a period ranging from three weeks to a year, dependent on education and job location.",
"Turkey does not recognise conscientious objection and does not offer a civilian alternative to military service."
] |
[] |
Music video
|
When was the video 'I Won't Give Up' released?
|
I Won't Give Up
| false | 0MUSIC
|
[
0
] |
[
"On January 2, 2012, a lyric video was released.",
"Mark Blankenship from NPR found \"I Won't Give Up\" the best lyric video because \"the lyrics are integrated into a story about a man who writes his girlfriend until they can finally reunite.\"",
"He added he preferred this video to the official one.",
"The official music video was directed by Mark Pellington and released on February 17, 2012.",
"Mraz explained \"The story of the video is that we all have our stories.",
"We all have our own version of suffering….and everybody has many things to not give up on.",
"\"Jason Lipshutz from \"Billboard\" found some similarities to Terrence Malick's film \"The Tree of Life\", \"with its lingering shots of wholesome Americana, sun-stroked imagery, non-linear structure and contrast between out-of-focus landscape shots and striking close-ups.\"",
"The video was also compared to Bruce Springsteen's \"We Take Care of Our Own\" music video, \"with its gritty portraits of beleaguered U.S. citizens of every race and creed.\"",
"Andrew Unterberger from PopDust described the video as \"a stately, if somewhat boring, assemblage of nature shots mixed with pictures of people young and old looking semi-contemplative.\""
] |
[
2
] |
Media coverage
|
Who was shot along with Kennedy?
|
Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
15
] |
[
"As the shooting took place, ABC News was signing off from its electoral broadcast, while the CBS broadcast was already over.",
"It was not until 21 minutes after the shots that CBS's coverage of the shooting would begin.",
"The reporters who had been present to report on Kennedy's win in the primary ended up crowding into the kitchen where he had been shot and the immediate aftermath was captured only by audio recording and cameras that had no live transmission capability.",
"ABC was able to show scant live footage from the kitchen after Kennedy had been transported but unlike CBS and NBC, all of ABC's coverage from the Ambassador was in black and white.",
"CBS and NBC shot footage in the kitchen of the shooting's aftermath on color film, which could not be broadcast until it was developed two hours after the incident.",
"Reporter Andrew West of KRKD, a Mutual Broadcasting System radio affiliate in Los Angeles, captured on audio tape the sounds of the immediate aftermath of the shooting but not the actual shooting itself.",
"Using his reel-to-reel tape recorder and attached microphone, West had just recorded the senator's victory speech.",
"With the audio still rolling, West asked the Senator the following question... Andrew West: \"Senator, how are you going to counter Mr. Humphrey and his backgrounding you as far as the delegate votes go?",
"\"Senator Kennedy: \"It just goes back to the struggle for it.",
"\"After this brief exchange, West turned off his tape recorder and followed Kennedy and his entourage to the kitchen pantry.",
"Just a few minutes later, seconds after Kennedy was shot, West turned his recorder on again and started reporting the sudden developments... Andrew West: \"Senator Kennedy has been shot!",
"Senator Kennedy has been shot; is that possible?",
"Is that possible?",
"It's...is it possible, ladies and gentlemen?",
"It is possible, he has...not only Senator Kennedy, oh my God.",
"Senator Kennedy has been shot, and another man, a Kennedy campaign manager, and possibly shot in the head.",
"\"Several seconds later, West gave an on-the-spot account of the struggle with Sirhan in the hotel kitchen pantry, shouting at Rafer Johnson to \"Get the gun, Rafer, get the gun!\"",
"and telling others to \"get a hold of thumb and break it, if you have to!",
"Get his thumb!...",
"We don't want another Oswald!",
"\"Over the following week, NBC devoted 55 hours to the shooting and aftermath, ABC 43, and CBS 42, with all three networks preempting their regular coverage and advertisements to cover the story."
] |
[
3
] |
Other taolu routines
|
What is the term in Chinese that refers to the Southern Fist routine of Wushu?
|
Wushu (sport)
| true | 4SPORT
|
[
13
] |
[
"The majority of routines used in the sport are new, modernized recompilations of traditional routines.",
"However, routines taken directly from traditional styles, including the styles that are not part of standard events, may be performed in competition, especially in China.",
"These routines generally do not garner as many points as their modern counterparts, and are performed in events separate from the compulsory routine events.",
"Among these, the more commonly seen routines include:",
"Baguazhang (八卦掌) – Eight-Trigrams Palm",
"Bajiquan (八極拳) – Eight Extremes Fist/Boxing",
"Chaquan (查拳) – Cha Fist/Boxing",
"Changquan (长拳) – Long fist",
"Chuojiao (戳腳) – Poking Feet",
"Ditangquan (地躺拳) – Ground-Prone Fist/Boxing",
"Fanziquan (翻子拳) – Tumbling Fist/Boxing",
"Houquan (猴拳) – Monkey Fist/Boxing",
"Huaquan (華拳) – Hua Fist/Boxing",
"Nanquan (南拳) – Southern Fist",
"Paochui (炮捶) – Cannon Punch",
"Piguaquan (劈掛拳) – Chop-Hitch Fist/Boxing",
"Shequan (蛇拳) – Snake Fist/Boxing",
"Tantui (弹腿) – Spring Leg",
"Tanglanquan (螳螂拳) – Praying Mantis Fist/Boxing",
"Tongbeiquan (通背拳) – Through-the-Back Fist/Boxing",
"Wing Chun (Yongchunquan) – Eternal Spring",
"Xingyiquan (形意拳) – Shape-Intent Fist/Boxing",
"Yingzhuaquan (鷹爪拳) – Eagle Claw Fist/Boxing",
"Zuiquan (醉酒拳) – Drunken Fist/Boxing"
] |
[
0
] |
Malay theory
|
Where does the name 'Ketchup' originate from?
|
Ketchup
| true | 9FOOD
|
[
0
] |
[
"Ketchup may have entered the English language from the Malay word \"kicap\" (pron.",
"\"kichap\", also spelled \"kecap\", \"ketjap\"), originally meaning \"fish sauce\", which itself may be a loan from Chinese terms above.",
"In Indonesian cuisine, which is similar to Malay, the term \"kecap\" or \"ketjap\" refers to fermented savory sauces.",
"Two main types are well known in their cuisine: \"kecap asin\" which translates to 'salty kecap' in Indonesian (a salty soy sauce) and \"kecap manis\" or literally 'sweet kecap' in Indonesian.",
"Kecap manis is a sweet soy sauce that is a mixture of soy sauce with brown sugar, molasses, garlic, ginger, anise, coriander and a bay leaf reduced over medium heat until rather syrupy.",
"A third type, \"kecap ikan\", meaning \"fish kecap\" is fish sauce similar to the Thai \"Nam Pla\" or the Philippine \"Patis.\"",
"It is not, however, soy-based."
] |
[
4
] |
Collecting from the wider world (1850–75)
|
Under whose supervision was the library quintupled in size?
|
British Museum
| false | 2TRAVEL
|
[
3,
4,
5
] |
[
"Collecting from the wider world (1850–75).",
"The opening of the forecourt in 1852 marked the completion of Robert Smirke's 1823 plan, but already adjustments were having to be made to cope with the unforeseen growth of the collections.",
"Infill galleries were constructed for Assyrian sculptures and Sydney Smirke's Round Reading Room, with space for a million books, opened in 1857.",
"Because of continued pressure on space the decision was taken to move natural history to a new building in South Kensington, which would later become the British Museum of Natural History.",
"Roughly contemporary with the construction of the new building was the career of a man sometimes called the \"second founder\" of the British Museum, the Italian librarian Anthony Panizzi.",
"Under his supervision, the British Museum Library (now the British Library) quintupled in size and became a well-organised institution worthy of being called a national library, the largest library in the world after the National Library of Paris.",
"The quadrangle at the centre of Smirke's design proved to be a waste of valuable space and was filled at Panizzi's request by a circular Reading Room of cast iron, designed by Smirke's brother, Sydney Smirke.",
"Until the mid-19th century, the Museum's collections were relatively circumscribed but, in 1851, with the appointment to the staff of Augustus Wollaston Franks to curate the collections, the Museum began for the first time to collect British and European medieval antiquities, prehistory, branching out into Asia and diversifying its holdings of ethnography.",
"Overseas excavations continued and John Turtle Wood discovered the remains of the 4th century BC Temple of Artemis at Ephesos, another Wonder of the Ancient World."
] |
[] |
Restaurants and shops
|
How many restaurants offer table service in Disney World's Animal Kingdom?
|
Disney's Animal Kingdom
| false | 2TRAVEL
|
[
0,
1,
2,
3
] |
[
"The park contains three table service restaurants:",
"Rainforest Cafe, a themed restaurant chain operated by Landry's, located just outside the main entrance (also accessible from inside the park);",
"Yak & Yeti, an Asian-themed restaurant located in the park's Asia section (operated by Landry's Restaurants) that opened on November 14, 2007; and",
"Tusker House, located in Africa and one of the park's original quick-service restaurants, was converted into a buffet restaurant and re-opened on November 17, 2007.",
"Tusker House hosts \"Donald's Safari Breakfast\" and \"Donald's Dining Safari Lunch,\" a character-dining event where guests enjoy a buffet while meeting Donald Duck and other Disney characters.",
"There are five quick-service restaurants located throughout the park:",
"Flame Tree Barbecue, on Discovery Island near DinoLand USA;",
"Pizzafari, also on Discovery Island, near Camp Minnie-Mickey;",
"Restaurantosaurus, in DinoLand USA;",
"Tamu Tamu Refreshments, in Africa; and,",
"Yak & Yeti Local Foods Café, located next to the larger Yak & Yeti table-service facility.",
"As with other Walt Disney World theme parks, Disney's Animal Kingdom has other locations and carts that offer snacks and beverages."
] |
[
5
] |
Origin
|
What origin of Udon takes place in 1241?
|
Udon
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
1
] |
[
"There are many stories explaining the origin of udon.",
"One story says that in AD.1241, Enni, a Rinzai monk, introduced flour milling technology to Japan.",
"Floured crops were then made into noodles such as udon, soba, and pancakes which were eaten by locals.",
"Milling techniques were spread around the country.",
"In the Edo period, the thicker wheat noodle was generally called udon, and served with a hot broth called nurumugi(温麦).",
"The chilled variety was called hiyamugi(冷麦).",
"Another story states that in Nara period, a Japanese envoy was introduced to 14 kinds of confection whilst in Tang Dynasty China.",
"One of them was called sakubei(索餅).",
"Sakubei was listed as 'muginawa'(牟義縄) on Shin Senji Kyo(新撰字鏡), a dictionary which was published in Heian Era.",
"The muginawa is believed to be an origin for many kinds of Japanese noodles.",
"However, the muginawa listed on Shin Senji Kyo(新撰字鏡) was made with wheat and rice flour.",
"Another historical story for udon claims that the original name of the noodle was 'konton', which was made with wheat flour and sweet fillings.",
"Yet another story says that a Buddhist priest called Kukai introduced udon noodles to Shikoku during the Heian Era.",
"In China, similar thick wheat flour noodles are called \"cū miàn\" (粗麵).",
"This noodle was 2 to 3 mm in diameter, a flat pancake-shaped \"noodle\" added to miso-based soup.",
"The Sino-Japanese characters for udon (饂飩) is similar to, but different from, the modern Chinese characters for wonton, which is called hún dùn in Mandarin (馄炖), a type of dumplings.",
"In Chinese, udon noodles are called \"wūdōngmiàn\" (烏冬 \"wūdōng\" or 烏冬麵), and sometimes \"wūlóngmiàn\" (烏龍麵), which has the same characters as those used in \"Oolong\" tea (\"wūlóngchá\", 烏龍茶), though there is no semantic relation between the two usages.Kūkai, the Buddhist priest, traveled to China around the beginning of the 9th century to study.",
"Sanuki Province claimed to have been the first to adopt udon noodles from Kūkai.",
"Hakata claimed to have produced udon noodles based on Enni's recipe."
] |
[
0
] |
Literary works
|
When was "Hidden Faces" published?
|
Salvador Dalí
| false | 3ART
|
[
1
] |
[
"Under the encouragement of poet Federico García Lorca, Dalí attempted an approach to a literary career through the means of the \"pure novel\".",
"In his literary production \"Hidden Faces\" (1944), Dalí describes, in vividly visual terms, the intrigues and love affairs of a group of dazzling, eccentric aristocrats who, with their luxurious and extravagant lifestyle, symbolize the decadence of the 1930s.",
"The Comte de Grainsalles and Solange de Cléda pursue an awkward love affair, but property transactions, interwar political turmoil, the French Resistance, his marriage to another woman and her responsibilities as a landowner and businesswoman drive them apart.",
"It is variously set in Paris, rural France, Casablanca in North Africa and Palm Springs in the United States.",
"Secondary characters include ageing widow Barbara Rogers, her bisexual daughter Veronica, Veronica's sometime female lover Betka, and Baba, a disfigured US fighter pilot.",
"The novel concludes at the end of the Second World War, with Solange dying before Grainsalles can return to his former property and reunite with her His other, nonfictional literary works include \"The Secret Life of Salvador Dalí\" (1942), \"Diary of a Genius\" (1952–63), and \"Oui: The Paranoid-Critical Revolution \" (1927–33)."
] |
[
2
] |
Reception
|
What company sells pig products to Walmart and was investivaged by the Human Society?
|
Bacon
| true | 9FOOD
|
[
7
] |
[
"Bacon has received mixed reviews from the public.",
"On one hand, bacon has received a positive reception by the public.",
"\"Bacon Today\" states that bacon has a very valuable amount of protein that is \"valuable to maintaining our energy levels and a fully functioning, healthy body, with a minimum of those nasty, waist, thigh and butt expanding, fat building carbohydrates.\"",
"\"Everything Tastes Better with Bacon\", a book by Sara Perry, is a cookbook that compliments bacon's many uses in cooking.",
"On the other hand, as with most meat products, producers of bacon have received heavy criticism for how their pigs are treated.",
"Many petitions and protests have occurred trying to raise awareness and change how producers treat their pigs.",
"Many of these protests have turned out successful: for example, following NBC News's report of an undercover investigation of an abusive pig farm, Tyson Foods terminated their contract with the pig farm.",
"Similar to NBC's investigation, The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) investigated Seaboard Foods, one of the pig breeding facilities that supply Walmart.",
"According to HSUS, the pigs were treated poorly and abused.",
"Walmart spokesperson Diana Gee said, \"\"As soon as we were made aware of the allegations, we immediately reached out to Seaboard to begin investigating the issue ...",
"Pending our review, we will take any action necessary.\"\"",
"Petitions also exist that oppose poor treatment of pigs, many of which state that the current treatment of pigs in factories is cruel and unethical."
] |
[
0
] |
Florence, 1499-1505
|
When did Michelangelo return to Florence?
|
Michelangelo
| false | 3ART
|
[
0
] |
[
"Michelangelo returned to Florence in 1499.",
"The republic was changing after the fall of anti-Renaissance Priest and leader of Florence, Girolamo Savonarola, (executed in 1498) and the rise of the \"gonfaloniere\" Piero Soderini.",
"He was asked by the consuls of the Guild of Wool to complete an unfinished project begun 40 years earlier by Agostino di Duccio: a colossal statue of Carrara marble portraying David as a symbol of Florentine freedom, to be placed on the gable of Florence Cathedral.",
"Michelangelo responded by completing his most famous work, the Statue of David, in 1504.",
"The masterwork definitively established his prominence as a sculptor of extraordinary technical skill and strength of symbolic imagination.",
"A team of consultants, including Botticelli and Leonardo da Vinci, was called together to decide upon its placement, ultimately the Piazza della Signoria, in front of the Palazzo Vecchio.",
"It now stands in the Academia while a replica occupies its place in the square.",
"With the completion of the David came another commission.",
"In early 1504 Leonardo da Vinci had been commissioned in the council chamber of the Palazzo Vecchio depicting the \"Battle of Angiari\" between the forces of Florence and Milan in 1434.",
"Michelangelo was then commissioned to paint the \"Battle of Cascina\".",
"The two paintings are very different, Leonardo's depicting soldiers fighting on horseback, and Michelangelo's showing soldiers being ambushed as they bathe in the river.",
"Neither work was completed and both were lost when the chamber was refurbished.",
"Both works were much admired and copies remain of them, Leonardo's work having been copied by Rubens and Michelangelo's by Bastiano da Sangallo.",
"Also during this period, Michelangelo was commissioned by Angelo Doni to paint a \"Holy Family\" as a present for his wife, Maddalena Strozzi.",
"It is known as the \"Doni Tondo\" and hangs in the Uffizi Gallery in its original magnificent frame which Michelangelo may have designed.",
"He also may have painted the Madonna and Child with John the Baptist, known as the \"Manchester Madonna\" and now in the National Gallery, London, United Kingdom."
] |
[
2
] |
Information storage
|
When was the prior expirement published?
|
DNA
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
3
] |
[
"In a paper published in Nature in January, 2013, scientists from the European Bioinformatics Institute and Agilent Technologies proposed a mechanism to use DNA's ability to code information as a means of digital data storage.",
"The group was able to encode 739 kilobytes of data into DNA code, synthesize the actual DNA, then sequence the DNA and decode the information back to its original form, with a reported 100% accuracy.",
"The encoded information consisted of text files and audio files.",
"A prior experiment was published in August 2012.",
"It was conducted by researchers at Harvard University, where the text of a 54,000-word book was encoded in DNA."
] |
[
2
] |
Major commissions in Florence
|
Who commissioned Donatello to create the bronze statue David for the court of the Palazzo Medici?
|
Donatello
| true | 3ART
|
[
0
] |
[
"Around 1430, Cosimo de' Medici, the foremost art patron of his era, commissioned from Donatello the bronze David (now in the Bargello) for the court of his Palazzo Medici.",
"This is now Donatello's most famous work.",
"At the time of its creation, it was the first known free-standing nude statue produced since ancient times.",
"Conceived fully in the round, independent of any architectural surroundings, and largely representing an allegory of the civic virtues triumphing over brutality and irrationality, it was the first major work of Renaissance sculpture.",
"Also from this period is the disquietingly small \"Love-Atys\", housed in the Bargello.",
"Some have perceived the David as having homo-erotic qualities, and have argued that this reflected the artist's own orientation.",
"Details of Donatello's relationships remain speculative.",
"The historian Paul Strathern makes the claim that Donatello made no secret of his homosexuality, and that his behaviour was tolerated by his friends.",
"This may not be surprising in the context of attitudes prevailing in the 15th- and 16th-century Florentine republic.",
"However, little detail is known with certainty about his private life, and no mention of his sexuality has been found in the Florentine archives (in terms of denunciations) albeit which during this period are incomplete.",
"The main evidence comes from anecdotes by Angelo Poliziano in his \"\"Detti piacevoli\"\".",
"When Cosimo was exiled from Florence, Donatello went to Rome, remaining until 1433.",
"The two works that testify to his presence in this city, the \"Tomb of Giovanni Crivelli\" at Santa Maria \"in Aracoeli\", and the \"Ciborium\" at St. Peter's Basilica, bear a strong stamp of classical influence.",
"Donatello's return to Florence almost coincided with Cosimo's.",
"In May 1434, he signed a contract for the marble pulpit on the facade of Prato cathedral, the last project executed in collaboration with Michelozzo.",
"This work, a passionate, pagan, rhythmically-conceived bacchanalian dance of half-nude putti, was the forerunner of the great \"Cantoria\", or singing tribune, at the Duomo in Florence on which Donatello worked intermittently from 1433 to 1440 and was inspired by ancient sarcophagi and Byzantine ivory chests.",
"In 1435, he executed the \"Annunciation\" for the Cavalcanti altar in Santa Croce, inspired by 14th-century iconography, and in 1437–1443, he worked in the Old Sacristy of the San Lorenzo in Florence, on two doors and lunettes portraying saints, as well as eight stucco tondoes.",
"From 1438 is the wooden statue of St. John the Evangelist for Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari in Venice.",
"Around 1440, he executed a bust of a \"Young Man with a Cameo\" now in the Bargello, the first example of a lay bust portrait since the classical era."
] |
[
3
] |
Analysis
|
According to Zhou Yu, why were Cao Cao's generals unfit for warfare at the Battle of Red Cliffs?
|
Battle of Red Cliffs
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
1
] |
[
"A combination of Cao Cao's strategic errors and the effectiveness of Huang Gai's ruse had resulted in the allied victory at the Battle of Red Cliffs.",
"Zhou Yu had previously observed that Cao Cao's generals and soldiers comprised mostly cavalry and infantry, and few had any experience in naval warfare.",
"Cao Cao also had little support among the people of Jing Province, and thus lacked a secure forward base of operations .",
"Despite the strategic acumen Cao Cao had displayed in earlier campaigns and battles, in this case he had simply assumed that numerical superiority would eventually defeat the Sun and Liu navy.",
"Cao's first tactical mistake was converting his massive army of infantry and cavalry into a marine corps and navy: with only a few days of drills before the battle, Cao Cao's troops were ravaged by sea-sickness and lack of experience on water.",
"Tropical diseases, to which the southerners had long been immune, also plagued the soldiers of the north with the debilitating effects of sickness rampant in Cao Cao's camps.",
"Although numerous, Cao Cao's men were already exhausted by the unfamiliar environment and the extended southern campaign, as Zhuge Liang observed: \"Even a powerful arrow at the end of its flight cannot penetrate a silk cloth\" (Military Documents 1979:193).",
"The uncharacteristically poor preparation and miscalculations displayed by Cao Cao during this campaign may have been partly due to the recent death of his strategist and advisor Guo Jia.",
"Cao Cao himself had commented: \"Had Guo Jia been with us, I would never have got into such trouble\" .",
"Another key advisor, Jia Xu, had recommended after the surrender of Liu Cong that the overtaxed armies be given time to rest and replenish before engaging the armies of Sun Quan and Liu Bei, but Cao Cao disregarded the advice .",
"Cao Cao's own thoughts regarding his failure at Red Cliffs suggest that he held his own actions and misfortunes responsible for the defeat, rather than the strategies utilised by his enemy during the battle: \"... it was only because of the sickness that I burnt my ships and retreated.",
"It is out of all reason for Zhou Yu to take the credit for himself.\"",
"."
] |
[
1
] |
Production
|
Does Jiro's son's age have anything to do with his employment?
|
Jiro Dreams of Sushi
| true | 6MOVIES
|
[
1
] |
[
"Initially, Gelb had planned to do what he had nicknamed \"Planet Sushi\", inspired by the cinematography of the BBC documentary \"Planet Earth\":\"Originally, I was going to make a film with a lot of different sushi chefs who all had different styles, but when I got to Jiro's restaurant, I was not only amazed by how good the sushi was and how much greater it was than any other sushi restaurant I had ever been to, but I also found Jiro to be such a compelling character and such an interesting person.",
"I was also fascinated by the story of his son, who is fifty-years-old, but still works for his father at the restaurant.",
"So, I thought, 'Here's a story about a person living in his father's shadow while his father is in a relentless pursuit of perfection.'",
"It was the makings of a good feature film.",
"\"Principal photography took Gelb one month (January 2010), augmented by additional scenes shot later that year in August; editing took 10 months."
] |
[] |
North America
|
We found love debuted as what number on the US Hot Digital Songs chart?
|
We Found Love
| false | 0MUSIC
|
[
10
] |
[
"In the United States, the song debuted on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart on September 28, 2011, at number 16.",
"\"We Found Love\" became the singer's second highest debut on the chart out of her 31 Hot 100 chart entries, with the highest being Rihanna's collaboration with Eminem, \"Love the Way You Lie\", which debuted at number two in July 2010.",
"The following week, \"We Found Love\" rose to number nine, giving Rihanna the record for a solo artist to have amassed twenty top-ten singles in the history of the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart in the shortest amount of time.",
"Rihanna achieved the feat in a time span of six years and four months, surpassing the record previously held by Madonna who managed the achievement in a time span of six years and nine months.",
"In its sixth week on the chart, the song reached number one, giving Rihanna her eleventh number-one single thus making her only the seventh artist in the 53-year history of the chart to amass at least eleven number-one singles, behind The Beatles (20), Mariah Carey (18), Michael Jackson (13), Madonna (12), The Supremes (12) and tying with Whitney Houston.",
"Additionally, Rihanna moved into third place, tied with Houston, for the female artist with the most number-one singles on the chart, behind Carey and Madonna.",
"\"We Found Love\" spent 10 consecutive weeks and two additional weeks (after 3 weeks at number two) at the top of the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, surpassing \"Umbrella\" as Rihanna's longest number-one single in the country, and was the longest-running number one of 2011.",
"It was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for shipping more than 4 million digital copies.",
"As of May 2013, the song has sold 5 million digital copies in the US.",
"On August 1, 2013, \"Billboard\" announced that \"We Found Love\" is the 24th biggest Hot 100 hit of all time in the chart's 55 year history.",
"\"We Found Love\" debuted at number seven on the US Hot Digital Songs chart, with digital download sales of 117,000 after only four days according to Nielsen SoundScan.",
"In its fifth week, the song rose to number one, with sales of 231,000 copies, giving Rihanna her eleventh number-one song on the chart, further extending her record as the artist with the most number ones.",
"The song spent a second week at number one on the chart, with sales of 243,000 copies, bringing total sales to 1,057,000 copies sold, marking Rihanna's twentieth download to reach the million-selling milestone, extending her record for the most such downloads among women.",
"On October 12, 2011, the song debuted at number 39 on the US Hot Dance Club Songs chart and number 21 on the Pop Songs chart.",
"It eventually reached number one on both charts.",
"It is, as of 2013, the most recent song to spend at least two consecutive weeks atop the US Hot Dance Club chart.",
"\"We Found Love\" also peaked at numbers three and two on the US Latin Songs and Latin Pop Songs charts, becoming Rihanna's highest-charting single on both charts.",
"Furthermore, the song reached the top spot on the Canadian Hot 100 chart."
] |
[
0
] |
By composition
|
What do composite particles include?
|
Subatomic particle
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
8
] |
[
"The elementary particles of the Standard Model include:",
"Six \"flavors\" of quarks: up, down, bottom, top, strange, and charm;",
"Six types of leptons: electron, electron neutrino, muon, muon neutrino, tau, tau neutrino;",
"Twelve gauge bosons (force carriers): the photon of electromagnetism, the three W and Z bosons of the weak force, and the eight gluons of the strong force;",
"The Higgs boson.",
"Various extensions of the Standard Model predict the existence of an elementary graviton particle and many other elementary particles.",
"Composite subatomic particles (such as protons or atomic nuclei) are bound states of two or more elementary particles.",
"For example, a proton is made of two up quarks and one down quark, while the atomic nucleus of helium-4 is composed of two protons and two neutrons.",
"Composite particles include all hadrons: these include baryons (such as protons and neutrons) and mesons (such as pions and kaons)."
] |
[
0
] |
Boats
|
Why is it easier to jump with a wakeboarding boat?
|
Wakeboarding
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
1
] |
[
"The most common difference between a regular runabout and a wakeboarding boat is the wakeboard tower, normally constructed of thick-walled stainless steel or aluminum tubing, which places the \"pull point\" about off the water's surface.",
"The high tow point makes it easier to jump and get air as the rope is not pulling downward as when it is attached to the low tow point used for skiing.",
"Most modern wakeboarding boats also have a variable ballast system, which allows for water to be pumped into and out of ballast tanks from the surrounding water.",
"Adding ballast increases displacement, and consequently enlarges the wake produced.",
"A significant portion of wakeboarding boats utilizes V-drive propulsion.",
"These boats have a regular inboard engine, but are turned 180° such that the transmission is in front of the engine, rather than behind, or \"inline\", which is a more common layout for inboard tournament ski boats.",
"The prop shaft exits the transmission towards the rear of the boat, so that the prop is placed directly under the engine.",
"When viewed from the side, such a layout appears as a \"V\" lying on its side.",
"This layout allows for better weight distribution(with the engine farther aft), and places the prop farther forward, reducing the danger of the spinning prop near the stern of the vessel, where riders enter and exit the water."
] |
[
1
] |
Universal Studios Florida
|
How many themed areas are a part of the park?
|
Universal Orlando
| false | 2TRAVEL
|
[
6
] |
[
"Theme parks and attractions.",
"Universal Studios Florida.",
"This combined film production studio and theme park features is composed of themed areas and attractions based on the film industry.",
"Visitors enjoy themed dining and shopping, a variety of special events throughout the year, and may even catch an actual film crew at work on the backlot.",
"The original theme park in the resort, Universal Studios Florida opened on June 7, 1990, as a theme park that lets visitors \"Ride the Movies.\"",
"The themes of Universal Studio's are targeted at making guests feel like they are in a movie set with rides, shows, and attractions inspired by popular film, television, and music productions.",
"The park consists of six themed areas – Hollywood, Production Central, New York, San Francisco, World Expo and Woody Woodpecker's Kidzone."
] |
[
5
] |
Military
|
How much did Thailand spend on military in 2011?
|
Thailand
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
6
] |
[
"The Royal Thai Armed Forces ( constitute the military of the Kingdom of Thailand.",
"They consist of the Royal Thai Army (กองทัพบกไทย), the Royal Thai Navy (กองทัพเรือไทย), and the Royal Thai Air Force (กองทัพอากาศไทย).",
"It also incorporates various paramilitary forces.",
"Currently, the Royal Thai Armed Forces has a combined manpower of about 800,000 personnel.",
"The Head of the Thai Armed Forces (จอมทัพไทย, \"Chom Thap Thai\") is King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX), although this position is only nominal.",
"The Armed Forces is managed by the Ministry of Defence of Thailand, which is headed by the Minister of Defence (a member of the Cabinet of Thailand) and commanded by the Royal Thai Armed Forces Headquarters, which in turn is headed by the Chief of Defence Forces of Thailand.",
"In 2011, Thailand's known military expenditure totalled approximately US$5.1 billion.",
"According to the constitution, serving in the Armed Forces is a duty of all Thai citizens.",
"However, only males over the age of 21, who have not gone through reserve training of the Army Reserve Force Students, are given the option of whether they want to volunteer for the armed forces, or choose the random draft.",
"The candidates are subjected to varying lengths of training, from six months to two years of full-time service, depending on their education, whether they have partially completed the reserve training course, and whether they volunteered prior to the drafting date (usually 1 April every year).",
"Candidates with a recognized bachelor's degree will be subjected to one year of full-time service if they chose the random draft, or six months if they volunteer at their respective district office (สัสดี, \"satsadi\").",
"Likewise, the training length is also reduced for those who have partially completed the three-year reserve training course (ร.ด., \"ro do\").",
"A person who completed one year out of three will only have to serve full-time for one year.",
"Those who completed two years of reserve training will only have to do six months of full-time training, while those who complete three years or more of reserve training will be exempted entirely.",
"The Royal Thai Armed Forces Day is celebrated on 18 January, commemorating the victory of King Naresuan the Great in battle against the Crown Prince of Burma in 1593."
] |
[
5
] |
World production and consumption
|
Which country produces the most cheese?
|
Cheese
| true | 9FOOD
|
[
3,
4,
5,
6,
7
] |
[
"Worldwide, cheese is a major agricultural product.",
"According to the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, over 20 million metric tons of cheese were produced worldwide in 2011.",
"This is about three kilograms for each person on Earth.",
"The largest producer of cheese is the United States, accounting for 26% of world production, followed by Germany and France.",
"In the U.S., mozzarella and cheddar are by far the top cheese types.",
"Only Ireland, New Zealand, the Netherlands and Australia have a cheese production that is mainly export oriented: respectively 95%, 90%, 72%, and 65% of their cheese production is exported.",
"Only 35% of French production is exported.",
"The United States, the biggest world producer of cheese, is a marginal exporter, as most of its production is for the domestic market.",
"Emmental (used mainly as a cooking ingredient) and Camembert are the most common cheeses in France.",
"In Iceland, skyr is the most common cheese.",
"In Greece, feta accounts for three-quarters of this consumption.",
"In the U.S., the consumption of cheese is quickly increasing and has nearly tripled between 1970 and 2003.",
"The consumption per person has reached, in 2003, .",
"Mozzarella is United States's favorite cheese and accounts for nearly a third of its consumption, mainly because it is one of the main ingredients of pizza."
] |
[] |
Other fermented dairy products
|
How many other fermented dairy products are listed?
|
Yogurt
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10,
11
] |
[
" Amasi",
" Chal",
" Curd",
" Filmjölk",
" Kefir",
" Kumis",
" Ryazhenka",
" Shanklish",
" Skyr",
" Smetana",
" Varenets",
" Viili"
] |
[
5
] |
Etymology
|
Who was the first Indonesian scholkar to use the nane Indonesia?
|
Indonesia
| false | 5COUNTRY
|
[
8
] |
[
"The name \"Indonesia\" derives from the Greek words \"Indós\" and \"nèsos\", which means \"island\".",
"The name dates to the 18th century, far predating the formation of independent Indonesia.",
"In 1850, George Windsor Earl, an English ethnologist, proposed the terms \"Indunesians\" — and, his preference, \"Malayunesians\" — for the inhabitants of the \"Indian Archipelago or Malayan Archipelago\".",
"In the same publication, a student of Earl's, James Richardson Logan, used \"Indonesia\" as a synonym for \"Indian Archipelago\".",
"However, Dutch academics writing in East Indies publications were reluctant to use \"Indonesia\".",
"Instead, they used the terms \"Malay Archipelago\" (\"Maleische Archipel\"); the \"Netherlands East Indies\" (\"Nederlandsch Oost Indië\"), popularly \"Indië\"; \"the East\" (\"de Oost\"); and \"Insulinde\".",
"After 1900, the name \"Indonesia\" became more common in academic circles outside the Netherlands, and Indonesian nationalist groups adopted it for political expression.",
"Adolf Bastian, of the University of Berlin, popularized the name through his book \"Indonesien oder die Inseln des Malayischen Archipels, 1884–1894\".",
"The first Indonesian scholar to use the name was Suwardi Suryaningrat (Ki Hajar Dewantara), when he established a press bureau in the Netherlands with the name \"Indonesisch Pers-bureau\" in 1913."
] |
[
3
] |
Patriots
|
What was another name for the American Revolution?
|
American Revolution
| true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
0
] |
[
"At the time, revolutionaries were called \"Patriots\", \"Whigs\", \"Congress-men\", or \"Americans\".",
"They included a full range of social and economic classes, but were unanimous regarding the need to defend the rights of Americans and uphold the principles of republicanism in terms of rejecting monarchy and aristocracy, while emphasizing civic virtue on the part of the citizens.",
"Newspapers were strongholds of patriotism (although there were a few Loyalist papers), and printed many pamphlets, announcements, patriotic letters and pronouncements.",
"Mark Lender explores why ordinary folk became insurgents against the British even though they were unfamiliar with the ideological rationales being offered.",
"They held very strongly a sense of \"rights\" that they felt the British were violating – rights that stressed local autonomy, fair dealing, and government by consent.",
"They were highly sensitive to the issue of tyranny, which they saw manifested in the British response to the Boston Tea Party.",
"The arrival in Boston of the British Army heightened their sense of violated rights, leading to rage and demands for revenge.",
"They had faith that God was on their side."
] |
[
0
] |
Penalties
|
What penalty will a golfer incur after hitting a golfer's ball during a putt?
|
Golf
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
5
] |
[
"Penalties are incurred in certain situations.",
"They are counted towards a player's score as if there were extra swing(s) at the ball.",
"Strokes are added for rule infractions or for hitting one's ball into an unplayable situation.",
"A lost ball or a ball hit out of bounds result in a penalty of one stroke and distance (Rule 27–1).",
"A one-stroke penalty is assessed if a player's equipment causes the ball to move or the removal of a loose impediment causes the ball to move (Rule 18–2).",
"If a golfer makes a stroke at the wrong ball (Rule 19–2) or hits a fellow golfer's ball with a putt (Rule 19–5), the player incurs a two-stroke penalty.",
"Most rule infractions lead to stroke penalties but also can lead to disqualification.",
"Disqualification could be from cheating, signing for a lower score, or from rule infractions that lead to improper play."
] |
[
0
] |
Cell theory
|
How do cells duplicate?
|
Biology
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
4
] |
[
"Foundations of modern biology.",
"Cell theory.",
"Cell theory states that the cell is the fundamental unit of life, and that all living things are composed of one or more cells or the secreted products of those cells (e.g.",
"shells).",
"All cells arise from other cells through cell division.",
"In multicellular organisms, every cell in the organism's body derives ultimately from a single cell in a fertilized egg.",
"The cell is also considered to be the basic unit in many pathological processes.",
"In addition, the phenomenon of energy flow occurs in cells in processes that are part of the function known as metabolism.",
"Finally, cells contain hereditary information (DNA), which is passed from cell to cell during cell division."
] |
[
5
] |
Top ten lists
|
When was The Act of Killing released?
|
The Act of Killing
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
1
] |
[
"",
"\"The Act of Killing\" has been named as one of the best films of 2013 by various critics:",
" 1st – \"Sight & Sound\"",
" 1st – The Guardian",
" 1st – LA Weekly",
" 1st – Nick Schager, \"The A.V.",
"Club\"",
" 2nd – Mark Kermode, \"The Observer\"",
" 3rd – David Edelstein, \"New York\"",
" 3rd – David Sexton, \"London Evening Standard\"",
" 4th – Eric Kohn, \"Indiewire\"",
" 4th – People Magazine",
" 7th – Bill Goodykoontz, \"Arizona Republic\"",
" 7th – A.",
"A. Dowd, \"The A.V.",
"Club\"",
" 7th – David Chen – slashfilm.com \"[http://www.slashfilm.com/the-filmcasts-top-10-films-of-2013/]\"",
" 8th – Sam Adams, \"The A.V.",
"Club\"",
" 8th – Ignatiy Vishnevetsky, \"The A.V.",
"Club\"",
" 8th – Richard Corliss, \"Time\"",
" 10th – \"Time Out London\"",
" 10th – Devindra Hardawar – slashfilm.com \"[http://www.slashfilm.com/the-filmcasts-top-10-films-of-2013/]\""
] |
[
2
] |
Related media
|
What is the start date of The Glee Project?
|
Glee (TV series)
| true | 1TV
|
[
7
] |
[
"In January 2010, it was announced that open auditions would be held for three new roles to be introduced in \"Glee\" second season.",
"They were open to amateurs and professionals aged sixteen to twenty-six, and were intended to be the subject of a multi-part television special, set to air in the lead-in to the second season premiere in fall 2010, with the new cast members revealed in the first episode.",
"Murphy commented: \"Anybody and everybody now has a chance to be on a show about talented underdogs.",
"We want to be the first interactive musical comedy on television.\"",
"On June 22, 2010, Josef Adalian of \"New York\" magazine revealed that the reality show would not go ahead, due to Murphy's desire to concentrate on the main series, and fear that the distraction of the reality show may damage \"Glee\".",
"Adalian reported that the production team would still choose several winners from the entrants and invite them to appear on \"Glee\" for at least one episode.",
"In June 2010, it was announced that Oxygen would host a reality series set to air in June 2011, featuring performers competing for a spot on Glee.",
"\"The Glee Project\" started airing on June 12, 2011, and the final episode was broadcast on August 21, 2011.",
"The winning prize was a seven-episode guest-starring role in \"Glee\" third season, which was awarded to two contestants, with a two-episode role given to two other finalists.",
"On June 7, 2010, UK broadcaster Channel 4 aired \"\" on its E4 station.",
"The documentary explored the American show choir phenomenon which inspired \"Glee\".",
"Narrated by Nick Grimshaw, it went behind the scenes with real-life glee clubs and detailed celebrity show choir alumni including Lance Bass, Ashton Kutcher, Blake Lively and Anne Hathaway.",
"It was selected as recommended viewing by \"The Guardian\", with the comment: \"it's a fascinating look at the real-life New Directions, and it's equally as crackers as its TV champion.\"",
"The newspaper's Lucy Mangan reviewed the documentary positively, writing: \"It will, one way or another, fill your heart to bursting\", and commenting that: \"\"Glee\", it turns out, is not a gloriously ridiculous, highly polished piece of escapism.",
"It is cinéma vérité.\"",
"It was watched by 411,000 viewers, a 2.3% audience share.",
"In summer 2010, Channel 5 in the United Kingdom aired \"Don't Stop Believing\", a reality talent show inspired by \"Glee\" success.",
"The series featured live shows in which established and new musical performance groups competed against each other, performing well-known songs in new arrangements, with viewers voting on the winner.",
"Solo singers were also sought to join a group to represent the United Kingdom on the American glee club circuit.",
"Five's controller Richard Woolfe stated: \"There's an explosion in musical performance groups and \"Don't Stop Believing\" will tap into that exciting groundswell.\"",
"The show was hosted by Emma Bunton, who told \"The Belfast Telegraph\" that she is a \"huge fan\" of \"Glee\".",
"The show's judges were former \"EastEnders\" actress Tamsin Outhwaite, Blue member Duncan James, singer Anastacia and \"High School Musical\" choreographer Charles \"Chucky\" Klapow."
] |
[
0
] |
Recurring cast
|
What actor played John Baker in Last Man Standing?
|
Last Man Standing (U.S. TV series)
| true | 1TV
|
[
12
] |
[
" Jordan Masterson (recurring, season two–present) and Nick Jonas (season one, guest star) as Ryan Vogelson, Boyd's father.",
"Ryan holds staunchly liberal views both politically and philosophically.",
"He and Mike routinely clash over their fundamentally opposing values, especially when it comes to child-rearing.",
"Ryan wishes to raise his son without religion and patriotism.",
"His vegan diet, political correctness, views on discipline, and general sensitivity are an affront to Mike's beliefs.",
"Their relationship and arguments mirror those of Archie Bunker and Mike \"Meathead\" Stivic on \"All in the Family\", with the difference that Ryan's liberal views are extreme and comparatively ill-founded, whereas liberal Meathead tended to be the voice of reason.",
" Robert Forster as Bud Baxter, Mike's father who is in the construction business.",
" Jonathan Adams as Chuck Larabee (season two–present), Mike and Vanessa's neighbor.",
"He is a retired U.S. Marine and a veteran of the first Gulf War.",
"Chuck is an African-American, and often jokes with Mike about racial stereotypes.",
" Erika Alexander as Carol Larabee (season two–present), Chuck's wife and Mike and Vanessa's neighbor.",
" Carla Jimenez as Blanca (season two–present), the Baxters' housekeeper.",
" Jonathan Taylor Thomas as John Baker (season two–present), Kristin's boss at a fancy restaurant where she works.",
" Richard Karn as Bill McKendree (season two), an architect who has had a long-running business relationship with Mike and Outdoor Man.",
" Danielle Bisutti as Michelle (season one), Vanessa's friend and next-door neighbor; she is a meteorologist."
] |
[
0
] |
Literature
|
What started modern Irish fiction?
|
Republic of Ireland
| false | 5COUNTRY
|
[
1
] |
[
"Ireland has made a significant contribution to world literature in both the English and Irish languages.",
"Modern Irish fiction began with the publishing of the 1726 novel \"Gulliver's Travels\" by Jonathan Swift.",
"Other writers of importance during the 18th century and their most notable works include Laurence Sterne with the publication of \"The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman\" and Oliver Goldsmith's \"The Vicar of Wakefield\".",
"Numerous Irish novelists emerged during the 19th century, including Maria Edgeworth, John Banim, Gerald Griffin, Charles Kickham, William Carleton, George Moore, and Somerville and Ross.",
"Bram Stoker is best known as the author of the 1897 novel \"Dracula\".",
"James Joyce (1882–1941) published his most famous work \"Ulysses\" in 1922, which is an interpretation of the \"Odyssey\" set in Dublin.",
"Edith Somerville continued writing after the death of her partner Martin Ross in 1915.",
"Dublin's Annie M. P. Smithson was one of several authors catering for fans of romantic fiction in the 1920s and 1930s.",
"After the Second World War, popular novels were published by, among others, Brian O'Nolan, who published as Flann O'Brien, Elizabeth Bowen, and Kate O'Brien.",
"During the final decades of the 20th century, Edna O'Brien, John McGahern, Maeve Binchy, Joseph O'Connor, Roddy Doyle, Colm Tóibín, and John Banville came to the fore as novelists.",
"Patricia Lynch (1898–1972) was a prolific children's author, while Eoin Colfer has been particularly successful in this genre in recent years.",
"In the genre of the short story, which is a form favoured by many Irish writers, the most prominent figures include Seán Ó Faoláin, Frank O'Connor and William Trevor.",
"Well known Irish poets include Patrick Kavanagh, Thomas McCarthy, Dermot Bolger, and Nobel Prize in Literature laureates William Butler Yeats and Seamus Heaney (born in Northern Ireland but resided in Dublin).",
"Prominent writers in the Irish language are Pádraic Ó Conaire, Máirtín Ó Cadhain, Séamus Ó Grianna, and Nuala Ní Dhomhnaill.",
"The history of Irish theatre begins with the expansion of the English administration in Dublin during the early 17th century, and since then, Ireland has significantly contributed to English drama.",
"In its early history, theatrical productions in Ireland tended to serve political purposes, but as more theatres opened and the popular audience grew, a more diverse range of entertainments were staged.",
"Many Dublin-based theatres developed links with their London equivalents, and British productions frequently found their way to the Irish stage.",
"However, most Irish playwrights went abroad to establish themselves.",
"In the 18th century, Oliver Goldsmith and Richard Brinsley Sheridan were two of the most successful playwrights on the London stage at that time.",
"At the beginning of the 20th century, theatre companies dedicated to the staging of Irish plays and the development of writers, directors and performers began to emerge, which allowed many Irish playwrights to learn their trade and establish their reputations in Ireland rather than in Britain or the United States.",
"Following in the tradition of acclaimed practitioners, principally Oscar Wilde and Literature Nobel Prize laureates George Bernard Shaw (1925), and Samuel Beckett (1969), playwrights such as Seán O'Casey, Brian Friel, Sebastian Barry, Brendan Behan, Conor McPherson, and Billy Roche have gained popular success.",
"Other Irish playwrights of the 20th century include Denis Johnston, Thomas Kilroy, Tom Murphy, Hugh Leonard, Frank McGuinness, and John B. Keane."
] |
[
0
] |
New states under war zone
|
in what year where the Transcaucasian Federative Republic first created?
|
World War I
| true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
3
] |
[
"In the late spring of 1918, three new states were formed in the South Caucasus: the First Republic of Armenia, the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, and the Democratic Republic of Georgia, which declared their independence from the Russian Empire.",
"Two other minor entities were established, the Centrocaspian Dictatorship and South West Caucasian Republic (the former was liquidated by Azerbaijan in the autumn of 1918 and the latter by a joint Armenian-British task force in early 1919).",
"With the withdrawal of the Russian armies from the Caucasus front in the winter of 1917–18, the three major republics braced for an imminent Ottoman advance, which commenced in the early months of 1918.",
"Solidarity was briefly maintained when the Transcaucasian Federative Republic was created in the spring of 1918, but this collapsed in May, when the Georgians asked and received protection from Germany and the Azerbaijanis concluded a treaty with the Ottoman Empire that was more akin to a military alliance.",
"Armenia was left to fend for itself and struggled for five months against the threat of a full-fledged occupation by the Ottoman Turks."
] |
[
4,
0
] |
Sources of inspiration
|
What was "The Scream"'s original German title?
|
The Scream
| true | 3ART
|
[
0
] |
[
"The original German title given to the work by Munch is \"Der Schrei der Natur\" (\"The Scream of Nature\").",
"The Norwegian word \"skrik\" usually is translated as \"scream\", but is cognate with the English \"shriek\".",
"Occasionally, the painting also has been called \"The Cry\".",
"In his diary in an entry headed, \"Nice 22 January 1892\", Munch described his inspiration for the image:This memory was later rendered by Munch as a poem, which he hand-painted onto the frame of the 1895 pastel version of the work:Among theories advanced to account for the reddish sky in the background is the artist's memory of the effects of the powerful volcanic eruption of Krakatoa, which deeply tinted sunset skies red in parts of the Western hemisphere for months during 1883 and 1884, about a decade before Munch painted \"The Scream\".",
"This explanation has been disputed by scholars, who note that Munch was an expressive painter and was not primarily interested in literal renderings of what he had seen.",
"Alternatively, it has been suggested that the proximity of both a slaughterhouse and a lunatic asylum to the site depicted in the painting may have offered some inspiration.",
"The scene was identified as being the view from a road overlooking Oslo, the Oslofjord and Hovedøya, from the hill of Ekeberg.",
"At the time of painting the work, Munch's manic depressive sister Laura Catherine was a patient at the asylum at the foot of Ekeberg.",
"In 1978, the Munch scholar Robert Rosenblum suggested that the strange, sexless creature in the foreground of the painting was inspired by a Peruvian mummy, which Munch could have seen at the 1889 Exposition Universelle in Paris.",
"This mummy, which was buried in a fetal position with its hands alongside its face, also struck the imagination of Munch's friend Paul Gauguin: it stood as a model for the central figure in his painting, \"Human misery (Grape harvest at Arles)\" and for the old woman at the left in his painting, \"Where Do We Come From?",
"What Are We?",
"Where Are We Going?\".",
"More recently, an Italian anthropologist speculated that Munch might have seen a mummy in Florence's Museum of Natural History, which bears an even more striking resemblance to the painting.",
"The imagery of \"The Scream\" has been compared to that which an individual suffering from depersonalization disorder experiences, a feeling of distortion of the environment and one's self, and also facial pain."
] |
[
0
] |
Cultural impact
|
What did Total Film say about the movie Fight Club?
|
Fight Club
| true | 6MOVIES
|
[
15
] |
[
"",
"\"Fight Club\" was one of the most controversial and talked-about films of the 1990s.",
"Like other 1999 films \"Magnolia\", \"Being John Malkovich\", and \"Three Kings\", \"Fight Club\" was recognized as an innovator in cinematic form and style since it exploited new developments in filmmaking technology.",
"After \"Fight Club\"s theatrical release, it became more popular via word of mouth, and the positive reception of the DVD established it as a cult film that David Ansen of \"Newsweek\" conjectured would enjoy \"perennial\" fame.",
"The film's success also heightened the profile of the novel's author, Chuck Palahniuk, to global renown.",
"Following \"Fight Club\"s release, several fight clubs were reported to have started in the United States.",
"A \"Gentleman's Fight Club\" was started in Menlo Park, California in 2000 and had members mostly from the tech industry.",
"Teens and preteens in Texas, New Jersey, Washington state, and Alaska also initiated fight clubs and posted videos of their fights online, leading authorities to break up the clubs.",
"In 2006, an unwilling participant from a local high school was injured at a fight club in Arlington, Texas, and the DVD sales of the fight led to the arrest of six teenagers.",
"An unsanctioned fight club was also started at Princeton University, where matches were held on campus.",
"The film was suspected of influencing Luke Helder, a college student who planted pipe bombs in mailboxes in 2002.",
"Helder's goal was to create a smiley pattern on the map of the United States, similar to the scene in \"Fight Club\" in which a building is vandalized to have a smiley on its exterior.",
"On July 16, 2009, a 17-year-old who had formed his own fight club in Manhattan was charged with detonating a homemade bomb outside a Starbucks Coffee shop in the Upper East Side in May 2009; the New York City Police Department reported the suspect was trying to emulate \"Project Mayhem\".",
"In 2003, \"Fight Club\" was listed as one of the \"50 Best Guy Movies of All Time\" by \"Men's Journal\".",
"In 2004 and 2006, \"Fight Club\" was voted by \"Empire\" readers as the ninth and eighth greatest film of all time, respectively.",
"\"Total Film\" ranked \"Fight Club\" as \"The Greatest Film of our Lifetime\" in 2007 during the magazine's tenth anniversary.",
"In 2007, \"Premiere\" selected Tyler Durden's line, \"The first rule of fight club is you do not talk about fight club,\" as the 27th greatest movie line of all time.",
"In 2008, readers of \"Empire\" ranked Tyler Durden first on a list of the 100 Greatest Movie Characters.",
"\"Empire\" also identified \"Fight Club\" as the 10th greatest movie of all time in its 2008 issue \"The 500 Greatest Movies of All Time\".",
"In 2010, two viral mash-up videos featuring \"Fight Club\" were released.",
"\"Ferris Club\" was a mash-up of \"Fight Club\" and the film \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\".",
"It portrayed Ferris as Tyler Durden and Cameron as the narrator, \"claiming to see the real psychological truth behind the John Hughes classic\".",
"The second video \"Jane Austen's Fight Club\" also gained popularity online as a mash-up of \"Fight Club\"s fighting rules and the characters created by 19th century novelist Jane Austen."
] |
[
0
] |
Three-step model
|
From whence do electrons escape?
|
Photoelectric effect
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
9
] |
[
"In the X-ray regime, the photoelectric effect in crystalline material is often decomposed into three steps:",
" Inner photoelectric effect (see photodiode below).",
"The hole left behind can give rise to auger effect, which is visible even when the electron does not leave the material.",
"In molecular solids phonons are excited in this step and may be visible as lines in the final electron energy.",
"The inner photoeffect has to be dipole allowed.",
"The transition rules for atoms translate via the tight-binding model onto the crystal.",
"They are similar in geometry to plasma oscillations in that they have to be transversal.",
" Ballistic transport of half of the electrons to the surface.",
"Some electrons are scattered.",
" Electrons escape from the material at the surface.",
"In the three-step model, an electron can take multiple paths through these three steps.",
"All paths can interfere in the sense of the path integral formulation.",
"For surface states and molecules the three-step model does still make some sense as even most atoms have multiple electrons which can scatter the one electron leaving."
] |
[] |
Regional competition
|
Is there an amusement park in Lancaster, Pennsylvania?
|
Hersheypark
| true | 2TRAVEL
|
[
7
] |
[
"Regional competition includes:",
"DelGrosso's Amusement Park, located in Tipton, Pennsylvania",
"Dorney Park & Wildwater Kingdom, located near Allentown, Pennsylvania",
"Kennywood Park, located near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania",
"Knoebels Amusement Resort, located in Elysburg, Pennsylvania",
"Six Flags America, located near Baltimore, Maryland",
"Six Flags Great Adventure, located in Jackson, New Jersey",
"Dutch Wonderland, located in Lancaster, Pennsylvania",
"Sesame Place, located in Langhorne, Pennsylvania"
] |
[] |
Recognitions and awards
|
How many times was "South Park" nominated for an Emmy Award for Outstanding Animated Program
|
South Park
| false | 1TV
|
[
12
] |
[
"In 2004, Channel 4 voted \"South Park\" the third-greatest cartoon of all time.",
"In 2007, \"Time\" magazine included the show on its list of the \"100 Best TV Shows of All Time\", proclaiming it as \"America's best source of rapid-fire satire for past decade\".",
"The same year, \"Rolling Stone\" declared it to be the funniest show on television since its debut 10 years prior.",
"In 2008, \"South Park\" was named the 12th-greatest TV show of the past 25 years by \"Entertainment Weekly\", while AOL declared it as having the \"most astute\" characters of any show in history when naming it the 16th-best television comedy series of all time.",
"In 2011, \"South Park\" was voted number one in the \"25 Greatest Animated TV Series\" poll by \"Entertainment Weekly\".",
"The character of Cartman ranked 10th on TV Guide's 2002 list of the \"Top 50 Greatest Cartoon Characters\", 198th on VH1's \"200 Greatest Pop Culture Icons\", 19th on Bravo's \"100 Greatest TV Characters\" television special in 2004, and second on MSNBC's 2005 list of TV's scariest characters behind Mr. Burns from \"The Simpsons\".",
"In 2006, Comedy Central received a Peabody Award for \"South Park\"'s \"stringent social commentary\" and \"undeniably fearless lampooning of all that is self-important and hypocritical in American life\".",
"In 2013, the Writers Guild of America ranked \"South Park\" at number 63 among the \"101 Best-Written Shows Ever\".",
"Also in 2013, TV Guide listed the show at number 10 among the \"60 Greatest Cartoons of All Time\".",
"\"South Park\" won the CableACE Award for Best Animated Series in 1997, the last year the awards were given out.",
"In 1998, \"South Park\" was nominated for the Annie Award for Outstanding Achievement in an Animated Primetime or Late Night Television Program.",
"It was also nominated for the 1998 GLAAD Award for Outstanding TV – Individual Episode for \"Big Gay Al's Big Gay Boat Ride\".",
"\"South Park\" has been nominated for the Emmy Award for Outstanding Animated Program ten times (1998, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2010 and 2013).",
"The show has won the award for Outstanding Animated Program (For Programming Less Than One Hour) four times, for the 2005 episode \"Best Friends Forever\", the 2006 episode \"Make Love, Not Warcraft\", the 2009 episode \"Margaritaville\", and the 2012 episode \"Raising the Bar\".",
"The Imaginationland trilogy of episodes won the Emmy Award for Outstanding Animated Program (For Programming One Hour Or More) in 2008."
] |
[
5
] |
Top 10 Lists
|
What is the name of film Dana Stevens put in her Top 10?
|
Enough Said (film)
| true | 6MOVIES
|
[
9
] |
[
"Many top critics have listed the film among their 10 best of the year.",
" Bill Goodykoontz, \"Arizona Republic\": 6th",
" Chris Nashawaty, \"Entertainment Weekly\": 6th",
" David Sexton, \"Evening Standard\" (London): 7th",
" Brian Johnson, \"Maclean's\": 8th",
" Connie Ogle, \"Miami Herald\": 5th",
" A. O. Scott, \"New York Times\": 4th",
" Steven Rea, \"Philadelphia Inquirer\": Top 10",
" Moira MacDonald, \"Seattle Times\": Top 10",
" Dana Stevens, \"Slate\": Top 10",
" Anne Thompson, \"Thompson on Hollywood\": 8th",
" Mara Reinstein, \"Us Weekly\": 4th",
" Claudia Puig, \"USA Today\": Top 10",
" Richard Lawson, \"Vanity Fair\": 8th",
" Ann Hornday, \"Washington Post\": 4th"
] |
[
0
] |
In Padua
|
When did Donatello create his reliefs of St. Anthony?
|
Donatello
| false | 3ART
|
[
7
] |
[
"In 1443, Donatello was called to Padua by the heirs of the famous condottiero Erasmo da Narni, who had died that year.",
"Completed in 1450 and placed in the square facing the Basilica of St. Anthony, his equestrian statue of Erasmo (better known as the \"Gattamelata\", or \"Honey-Cat\") was the first example of such a monument since ancient times.",
"(Other equestrian statues, from the 14th century, had not been executed in bronze and had been placed over tombs rather than erected independently, in a public place.)",
"This work became the prototype for other equestrian monuments executed in Italy and Europe in the following centuries.",
"For the Basilica of St. Anthony, Donatello created, most famously, the bronze Crucifix of 1444–1447 and additional statues for the choir, including a \"Madonna with Child\" and six saints, constituting a Holy Conversation, which is no longer visible since the renovation by Camillo Boito in 1895.",
"The \"Madonna with Child\" portrays the Child being displayed to the faithful, on a throne flanked by two sphinxes, allegorical figures of knowledge.",
"On the throne's back is a relief of Adam and Eve.",
"During this period—1446–50—Donatello also executed four extremely important reliefs with scenes from the life of St. Anthony for the high altar."
] |
[
2
] |
Rivers, lakes and reservoirs
|
The Kiev water supply was switched to the Desna River how many months after the Chernobyl disaster?
|
Chernobyl disaster
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
6
] |
[
"Residual radioactivity in the environment.",
"Rivers, lakes and reservoirs.",
"The Chernobyl nuclear power plant is located next to the Pripyat River, which feeds into the Dnieper reservoir system, one of the largest surface water systems in Europe, which at the time supplied water to Kiev's 2.4 million residents, and was still in spring flood when the accident occurred.",
"The radioactive contamination of aquatic systems therefore became a major problem in the immediate aftermath of the accident.",
"In the most affected areas of Ukraine, levels of radioactivity (particularly from radionuclides 131I, 137Cs and 90Sr) in drinking water caused concern during the weeks and months after the accident, though officially it was stated that all contaminants had settled to the bottom \"in an insoluble phase\" and would not dissolve for 800–1,000 years.",
"Guidelines for levels of radioiodine in drinking water were temporarily raised to 3,700 Bq/L, allowing most water to be reported as safe, and a year after the accident it was announced that even the water of the Chernobyl plant's cooling pond was within acceptable norms.",
"Despite this, two months after the disaster the Kiev water supply was abruptly switched from the Dnieper to the Desna River.",
"Meanwhile, massive silt traps were constructed, along with an enormous 30m-deep underground barrier to prevent groundwater from the destroyed reactor entering the Pripyat River.",
"Bio-accumulation of radioactivity in fish resulted in concentrations (both in western Europe and in the former Soviet Union) that in many cases were significantly above guideline maximum levels for consumption.",
"Guideline maximum levels for radiocaesium in fish vary from country to country but are approximately 1,000 Bq/kg in the European Union.",
"In the Kiev Reservoir in Ukraine, concentrations in fish were several thousand Bq/kg during the years after the accident.",
"In small \"closed\" lakes in Belarus and the Bryansk region of Russia, concentrations in a number of fish species varied from 100 to 60,000 Bq/kg during the period 1990–92.",
"The contamination of fish caused short-term concern in parts of the UK and Germany and in the long term (years rather than months) in the affected areas of Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia as well as in parts of Scandinavia."
] |
[
5
] |
Axis attack on the USSR (1941)
|
On what date did negotiations take place to determine if the Soviet Union would join the Tripartite Pact?
|
World War II
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
6
] |
[
"Axis attack on the USSR (1941).",
"With the situation in Europe and Asia relatively stable, Germany, Japan, and the Soviet Union made preparations.",
"With the Soviets wary of mounting tensions with Germany and the Japanese planning to take advantage of the European War by seizing resource-rich European possessions in Southeast Asia, the two powers signed the Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact in April 1941.",
"By contrast, the Germans were steadily making preparations for an attack on the Soviet Union, amassing forces on the Soviet border.",
"Hitler believed that Britain's refusal to end the war was based on the hope that the United States and the Soviet Union would enter the war against Germany sooner or later.",
"He accordingly decided to try to strengthen Germany's relations with the Soviets, or failing that, to attack and eliminate them as a factor.",
"In November 1940 negotiations took place to determine if the Soviet Union would join the Tripartite Pact.",
"The Soviets showed some interest, but asked for concessions from Finland, Bulgaria, Turkey, and Japan that Germany considered unacceptable.",
"On 18 December 1940 Hitler issued the directive to prepare for an invasion of the Soviet Union.",
"On 22 June 1941, Germany, Italy and Romania invaded the Soviet Union in Operation Barbarossa, with Germany accusing the Soviets of plotting against them.",
"They were joined shortly by Finland and Hungary.",
"The primary targets of this surprise offensive were the Baltic region, Moscow and Ukraine, with the ultimate goal of ending the 1941 campaign near the Arkhangelsk-Astrakhan line, from the Caspian to the White Seas.",
"Hitler's objectives were to eliminate the Soviet Union as a military power, exterminate Communism, generate \"Lebensraum\" (\"living space\") by dispossessing the native population and guarantee access to the strategic resources needed to defeat Germany's remaining rivals.",
"Although the Red Army was preparing for strategic counter-offensives before the war, \"Barbarossa\" forced the Soviet supreme command to adopt a strategic defence.",
"During the summer, the Axis made significant gains into Soviet territory, inflicting immense losses in both personnel and materiel.",
"By the middle of August, however, the German Army High Command decided to suspend the offensive of a considerably depleted Army Group Centre, and to divert the 2nd Panzer Group to reinforce troops advancing towards central Ukraine and Leningrad.",
"The Kiev offensive was overwhelmingly successful, resulting in encirclement and elimination of four Soviet armies, and made further advance into Crimea and industrially developed Eastern Ukraine (the First Battle of Kharkov) possible.",
"The diversion of three quarters of the Axis troops and the majority of their air forces from France and the central Mediterranean to the Eastern Front prompted Britain to reconsider its grand strategy.",
"In July, the UK and the Soviet Union formed a military alliance against Germany The British and Soviets invaded Iran to secure the Persian Corridor and Iran's oil fields.",
"In August, the United Kingdom and the United States jointly issued the Atlantic Charter.",
"By October, when Axis operational objectives in Ukraine and the Baltic region were achieved, with only the sieges of Leningrad and Sevastopol continuing, a major offensive against Moscow had been renewed.",
"After two months of fierce battles, the German army almost reached the outer suburbs of Moscow, where the exhausted troops were forced to suspend their offensive.",
"Large territorial gains were made by Axis forces, but their campaign had failed to achieve its main objectives: two key cities remained in Soviet hands, the Soviet capability to resist was not broken, and the Soviet Union retained a considerable part of its military potential.",
"The \"blitzkrieg\" phase of the war in Europe had ended.",
"By early December, freshly mobilised reserves allowed the Soviets to achieve numerical parity with Axis troops.",
"This, as well as intelligence data that established a minimal number of Soviet troops in the East sufficient to prevent any attack by the Japanese Kwantung Army, allowed the Soviets to begin a massive counter-offensive that started on 5 December all along the front and pushed German troops west."
] |
[
0
] |
Music video
|
How many views has the music video, "Glad You Came" received on YouTube?
|
Glad You Came
| false | 0MUSIC
|
[
6
] |
[
"The music video was created by Director X and was filmed in Ibiza, Spain.",
"It sees the band on the beach, in a club and at a houseparty each with an individual woman.",
"It was uploaded to YouTube on 10 June 2011.",
"Jay McGuiness revealed to MTV UK: \"The theory of the video was take The Wanted to Ibiza and just film everything and then just cut bits that were useable.",
"But the girls were models, they weren't just girls we picked.\"",
"However Max George admitted: \"Actually no, the girl I had to spend time with was just literally picked up off the street after a night out.\"",
"The video has achieved over 74 million views on YouTube, becoming their most watched video on the site.",
"It also starred a cameo from footballer John-Joe O'Toole."
] |
[
5
] |
European Lacrosse Foundation
|
What year did the European Lacrosse Federation begin running the European Championships?
|
Lacrosse
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
1
] |
[
"The next largest international field lacrosse competition are the European Lacrosse Championships, held for both men and women's teams.",
"Since 1995, the European Lacrosse Federation (ELF) has been running the European Championships.",
"Before 2001 they held the Championships annually, but that year the ELF changed the format to every four years, between the World Championships.",
"Before 2004, only seven nations had ever participated.",
"In 2004 a record number of countries participated, fielding 12 men's and 6 women's teams, making it the largest international lacrosse event of the year.",
"In 2008 the European Lacrosse Championships were held in Lahti, Finland, with 18 competing countries.",
"England placed first with the Netherlands and Germany placing second and third, respectively.",
"The most recent ELF Championships were held in Amsterdam in 2012.",
"England was victorious over Ireland in the championship game, and Sweden took third place."
] |
[
0
] |
Germany
|
In Berlin, what distinguishes a "Berliner" from a "Kameruner"?
|
Doughnut
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
5
] |
[
"In parts of Germany, the doughnut equivalents are called \"Berliner\" (sg.",
"and pl.",
"), but not in the capital city of Berlin itself and neighboring areas, where they are called \"Pfannkuchen\" (which is often found misleading by people in the rest of Germany, who use the word Pfannkuchen to describe a pancake, which is also the literal translation of it).",
"In middle Germany, they are called \"Kreppel\" or \"Pfannkuchen\".",
"In southern Germany, they are also called \"Krapfen\" and are especially popular during Carnival season (\"Karneval\"/\"Fasching\") in southern and middle Germany and on New Year's Eve in northern Germany.",
"\"Berliner\" do not have the typical ring shape, but instead are solid and usually filled with jam, while a ring-shaped variant called \"Kameruner\" is common in Berlin and eastern Germany.",
"\"Bismarcks\" and \"Berlin doughnuts\" are also found in Australia, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Switzerland and the U.S. Today, American style doughnuts are also available in Germany, but are less popular than their native counterparts."
] |
[
0
] |
Javelin throw
|
What region of the world has the most dominant javelin throwers?
|
Track and field
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
5
] |
[
"As an implement of war and hunting, javelin throwing began in prehistoric times.",
"Along with the discus, the javelin was the second throwing event in the ancient Olympic pentathlon.",
"Records from 708 BC show two javelin competition types co-existing: throwing at a target and throwing the javelin for distance.",
"It was the latter type from which the modern event derives.",
"In ancient competitions, athletes would wrap an \"ankyle\" (thin leather strip) around the javelin that acted as a sling to facilitate extra distance.",
"The javelin throw gained much popularity in Scandinavia in the late 18th century and athletes from the region are still among the most dominant throwers in men's competitions.",
"The modern event features a short run up on a track and then the thrower releases the javelin before the foul line.",
"The first Olympic men's javelin throw contest was held in 1908 and a women's competition was introduced in 1932.",
"The first javelins were made of various types of wood, but in the 1950s, former athlete Bud Held introduced a hollow javelin, then a metal javelin, both of which increased throwers performances.",
"Another former athlete, Miklós Németh invented the rough-tailed javelin and throws reached in excess of 100 m – edging towards the limits of stadia.",
"The distances and the increasing number of horizontal landings led the IAAF to redesign the men's javelin to reduce distance and increase the implement's downward pitching moment to allow for easier measurement.",
"Rough-tailed designs were banned in 1991 and all marks achieved with such javelins were removed from the record books.",
"The women's javelin underwent a similar redesign in 1999.",
"The current javelin specifications are 2.6 to 2.7 m in length and 800 grams in weight for men, and between 2.2 to 2.3 m and 600 g for women."
] |
[
0
] |
Grand Duchy of Moscow
|
Who regained Russia's independence and took the title of "Grand Duke of all the Russias"?
|
Russia
| false | 5COUNTRY
|
[
7
] |
[
"The most powerful successor state to Kievan Rus' was the Grand Duchy of Moscow (\"Moscovy\" in the Western chronicles), initially a part of Vladimir-Suzdal.",
"While still under the domain of the Mongol-Tatars and with their connivance, Moscow began to assert its influence in the Central Rus' in the early 14th century, gradually becoming the main leading force in the process of the Rus' lands' reunification and expansion of Russia.",
"Those were hard times, with frequent Mongol-Tatar raids and agriculture suffering from the beginning of the Little Ice Age.",
"As in the rest of Europe, plagues hit Russia somewhere once every five or six years from 1350 to 1490.",
"However, because of the lower population density and better hygiene (widespread practicing of banya, the wet steam bath), the population loss caused by plagues was not so severe as in the Western Europe, and the pre-Plague populations were reached in Russia as early as 1500.",
"Led by Prince Dmitry Donskoy of Moscow and helped by the Russian Orthodox Church, the united army of Russian principalities inflicted a milestone defeat on the Mongol-Tatars in the Battle of Kulikovo in 1380.",
"Moscow gradually absorbed the surrounding principalities, including the formerly strong rivals, such as Tver and Novgorod.",
"Ivan III (\"the Great\") finally threw off the control of the Golden Horde, consolidated the whole of Central and Northern Rus' under Moscow's dominion, and was the first to take the title \"Grand Duke of all the Russias\".",
"After the fall of Constantinople in 1453, Moscow claimed succession to the legacy of the Eastern Roman Empire.",
"Ivan III married Sophia Palaiologina, the niece of the last Byzantine emperor Constantine XI, and made the Byzantine double-headed eagle his own, and eventually Russian, coat-of-arms."
] |
[
3
] |
Description
|
Who created this art?
|
The Persistence of Memory
| true | 3ART
|
[
0
] |
[
"The well-known surrealist piece introduced the image of the soft melting pocket watch.",
"It epitomizes Dalí's theory of \"softness\" and \"hardness\", which was central to his thinking at the time.",
"As Dawn Ades wrote, \"The soft watches are an unconscious symbol of the relativity of space and time, a Surrealist meditation on the collapse of our notions of a fixed cosmic order\".",
"This interpretation suggests that Dalí was incorporating an understanding of the world introduced by Albert Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity.",
"Asked by Ilya Prigogine whether this was in fact the case, Dalí replied that the soft watches were not inspired by the theory of relativity, but by the surrealist perception of a Camembert cheese melting in the sun.",
"Although fundamentally part of Dalí's Freudian phase, the imagery precedes his transition to his scientific phase by fourteen years, which occurred after the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945.",
"It is possible to recognize a human figure in the middle of the composition, in the strange \"monster\" that Dalí used in several contemporary pieces to represent himself – the abstract form becoming something of a self-portrait, reappearing frequently in his work.",
"The orange clock at the bottom left of the painting is covered in ants.",
"Dalí often used ants in his paintings as a symbol of decay.",
"The figure in the middle of the picture can be read as a \"fading\" creature, one that often appears in dreams where the dreamer cannot pinpoint the creature's exact form and composition.",
"One can observe that the creature has one closed eye with several eyelashes, suggesting that the creature is also in a dream state.",
"The iconography may refer to a dream that Dalí himself had experienced, and the clocks may symbolize the passing of time as one experiences it in sleep or the persistence of time in the eyes of the dreamer .",
"\"The Persistence of Memory\" employs \"the exactitude of realist painting techniques\" to depict imagery more likely to be found in dreams than in waking consciousness."
] |
[
3
] |
Japanese casualties
|
How many Japanese people died at the Battle of Midway?
|
Battle of Midway
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
0
] |
[
"By the time the battle ended, 3,057 Japanese had died.",
"Casualties aboard the four carriers were:\"Akagi\": 267; \"Kaga\": 811; \"Hiryu\": 392; \"Soryu\": 711; a total of 2,181.",
"The heavy cruisers \"Mikuma\" (sunk; 700 casualties) and \"Mogami\" (badly damaged; 92) accounted for another 792 deaths.",
"In addition, the destroyers \"Arashio\" (bombed; 35) and \"Asashio\" (strafed by aircraft; 21) were both damaged during the air attacks which sank \"Mikuma\" and caused further damage to \"Mogami\".",
"Floatplanes were lost from the cruisers \"Chikuma\" (3) and \"Tone\" (2).",
"Dead aboard the destroyers \"Tanikaze\" (11), \"Arashi\" (1), \"Kazagumo\" (1) and the fleet oiler \"Akebono Maru\" (10) made up the remaining 23 casualties."
] |
[
5
] |
Further periodic table extensions
|
Who expected the eighth period on the periodic table to follow previously established patterns?
|
Periodic table
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
1
] |
[
"It is unclear whether new elements will continue the pattern of the current periodic table as period 8, or require further adaptations or adjustments.",
"Seaborg expected the eighth period to follow the previously established pattern exactly, so that it would include a two-element s-block for elements 119 and 120, a new g-block for the next 18 elements, and 30 additional elements continuing the current f-, d-, and p-blocks.",
"More recently, physicists such as Pekka Pyykkö have theorized that these additional elements do not follow the Madelung rule, which predicts how electron shells are filled and thus affects the appearance of the present periodic table."
] |
[
3
] |
Abstract
|
Batman Begins premiered in what year?
|
Batman Begins
| true | 6MOVIES
|
[
0
] |
[
"Batman Begins is a 2005 British-American superhero film based on the fictional DC Comics character Batman, co-written and directed by Christopher Nolan.",
"It stars Christian Bale as Batman along with Michael Caine, Liam Neeson, Katie Holmes, Gary Oldman, and Morgan Freeman.",
"The film reboots the \"Batman\" film series, telling the origin story of the character from Bruce Wayne's initial fear of bats, the death of his parents, his journey to become Batman, and his fight against Ra's al Ghul's plot to destroy Gotham City.",
"It draws inspiration from classic comic book storylines such as \"The Man Who Falls\", ', and '.",
"After a series of unsuccessful projects to resurrect Batman on screen following the 1997 critical failure of \"Batman & Robin\", Nolan and David S. Goyer began to work on the film in early 2003 and aimed for a darker and more realistic tone, with humanity and realism being the basis of the film.",
"The goal was to get the audience to care for both Batman and Bruce Wayne.",
"The film, which was primarily shot in Iceland and Chicago, relied on traditional stunts and miniatures – computer-generated imagery was used minimally.",
"\"Batman Begins\" was both critically and commercially successful.",
"The film opened on June 17, 2005, in the United States and Canada in 3,858 theaters.",
"It grossed $48 million in its opening weekend in North America, eventually grossing over $372 million worldwide.",
"The film received critical acclaim and has been considered by many as one of the best superhero films ever made.",
"Critics noted that fear was a common motif throughout the film, and remarked that it had a darker tone compared with previous \"Batman\" films.",
"The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Cinematography and three BAFTA awards.",
"The film is followed by \"The Dark Knight\" (2008) and \"The Dark Knight Rises\" (2012) in a continual story-arc, which has later been referred to as \"The Dark Knight\" trilogy."
] |
[
0
] |
Last years in Florence
|
Where is Donatello's final resting place?
|
Donatello
| true | 3ART
|
[
6
] |
[
"Donatello returned to Florence in 1453.",
"The Judith and Holofernes, begun for the Duomo di Siena date from 1455 to 1460 but were later acquired by the Medici.",
"Until 1461, Donatello remained in Siena, where he created a \"St. John the Baptist\", also for the Duomo, and models for its gates, now lost.",
"For his last commission in Florence, Donatello produced reliefs for the bronze pulpits in the church of San Lorenzo, with help from students Bartolomeo Bellano and Bertoldo di Giovanni.",
"Donatello provided the general design and personally executed the \"Martyrdom of St. Lawrence\" and the \"Deposition from the Cross\"; he worked on the reliefs of \"Christ before Pilate\" and \"Christ before Caiphus\", with Bellano.",
"This work is characterized by an intense, free, indeed sketchy and suggestively unfinished — in Italian a \"non-finito\" — technique that heightens the dramatic effect of the scenes and emphasizes their spiritual intensity.",
"Donatello died in Florence in 1466 and was buried in the Basilica of San Lorenzo, next to Cosimo de' Medici the Elder."
] |
[
4
] |
Health benefits
|
Which vitamin is orange juice rich in?
|
Juice
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
1
] |
[
"Juices are often consumed for their perceived health benefits.",
"For example, orange juice is rich in vitamin C, folic acid, potassium, is an excellent source of bioavailable antioxidant phytochemicals and significantly improves blood lipid profiles in people affected with hypercholesterolemia.",
"Prune juice is associated with a digestive health benefit.",
"Cranberry juice has long been known to help prevent or even treat bladder infections, and it is now known that a substance in cranberries prevents bacteria from binding to the bladder.",
"Many fruit juices have a higher sugar (fructose) content than sweetened soft drinks; e.g., typical grape juice has 50% more sugar than Coca-Cola.",
"While soft drinks (e.g.",
"Coca-Cola) cause oxidative stress when ingested and may even lead to insulin resistance in the long term, the same thing cannot be attributed to fruit juices.",
"On the contrary, fruit juices are actually known for their ability to raise serum antioxidant capacity and even offset the oxidative stress and inflammation normally caused by high-fat and high-sugar meals.",
"Fruit juice consumption overall in Europe, Australia, New Zealand and the US has increased in recent years, probably due to public perception of juices as a healthy natural source of nutrients and increased public interest in health issues.",
"Indeed, fruit juice intake has been consistently associated with reduced risk of many cancer types, might be protective against stroke and delay the onset of Alzheimer's disease.",
"The perception of commercial fruit juice as equal in health benefit to fresh fruit has been questioned, mainly because it lacks fiber and has often been highly processed.",
"High-fructose corn syrup, an ingredient of many juice cocktails, has been linked to the increased incidence of type II diabetes.",
"High consumption of juice is also linked to weight gain in some studies, but not in others.",
"In a controlled clinical study, regular consumption of grape juice for 12 weeks did not cause any weight gain in volunteers, but consumption of a soft drink did.",
"Fruit juice in moderate amounts can help children and adults meet daily recommendations for fruit consumption, nutrient intake and calories.",
"The American Academy of Pediatrics says that fruit juice should not be given to infants before 6 months of age.",
"For children ages 1 to 6, intake of fruit juice should be limited to 4 to 6 ounces per day (about a half to three-quarters of a cup).",
"Giving children excessive juice can lead to poor nutrition, diarrhea, gas, abdominal pain, bloating, and tooth decay."
] |
[] |
Charity episodes
|
Which two Doctors met in "Time Crash"?
|
Doctor Who
| false | 1TV
|
[
12
] |
[
"In 1983, coinciding with the series' 20th anniversary, a charity special titled \"The Five Doctors\" was produced in aid of Children in Need, featuring three of the first five Doctors, a new actor to replace the deceased William Hartnell, and unused footage to represent Tom Baker.",
"This was a full-length, 90-minute film, the longest single episode of \"Doctor Who\" produced to date (the television movie ran slightly longer on broadcast where it included commercial breaks).",
"In 1993, for the franchise's 30th anniversary, another charity special, titled \"Dimensions in Time\" was produced for Children in Need, featuring all of the surviving actors who played the Doctor and a number of previous companions.",
"It also featured a crossover with the soap opera \"EastEnders\", the action taking place in the latter's Albert Square location and around Greenwich.",
"The special was one of several special 3D programmes the BBC produced at the time, using a 3D system that made use of the Pulfrich effect requiring glasses with one darkened lens; the picture would look normal to those viewers who watched without the glasses.",
"In 1999, another special, \"Doctor Who and the Curse of Fatal Death\", was made for Comic Relief and later released on VHS.",
"An affectionate parody of the television series, it was split into four segments, mimicking the traditional serial format, complete with cliffhangers, and running down the same corridor several times when being chased (the version released on video was split into only two episodes).",
"In the story, the Doctor (Rowan Atkinson) encounters both the Master (Jonathan Pryce) and the Daleks.",
"During the special the Doctor is forced to regenerate several times, with his subsequent incarnations played by, in order, Richard E. Grant, Jim Broadbent, Hugh Grant and Joanna Lumley.",
"The script was written by Steven Moffat, later to be head writer and executive producer to the revived series.",
"Since the return of \"Doctor Who\" in 2005, the franchise has produced two original \"mini-episodes\" to support Children in Need.",
"The first, aired in November 2005, was an which introduced David Tennant as the Tenth Doctor.",
"It was followed in November 2007 by \"Time Crash\", a 7-minute scene which featured the Tenth Doctor meeting the Fifth Doctor (played once again by Peter Davison).",
"A set of two mini-episodes, titled \"Space\" and \"Time\" respectively, were produced to support Comic Relief.",
"They were aired during the Comic Relief 2011 event.",
"During 2011 Children in Need, an exclusively-filmed segment showed the Doctor addressing the viewer, attempting to persuade them to purchase items of his clothing, which were going up for auction for Children in Need.",
"The 2012 edition of CiN featured the mini-episode \"The Great Detective\"."
] |
[] |
Abstract
|
Is the taste of Udon regional?
|
Udon
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
5,
6
] |
[
"Udon is often served hot as a noodle soup in its simplest form, as \"kake udon\", in a mildly flavoured broth called \"kakejiru,\" which is made of dashi, soy sauce (shōyu), and mirin.",
"It is usually topped with thinly chopped scallions.",
"Other common toppings include tempura, often prawn or \"kakiage\" (a type of mixed tempura fritter), or \"aburaage\", a type of deep-fried tofu pockets seasoned with sugar, mirin, and soy sauce.",
"A thin slice of kamaboko, a halfmoon-shaped fish cake, is often added.",
"Shichimi can be added to taste.",
"The flavor of broth and topping vary from region to region.",
"Usually, dark brown broth, made from dark soy sauce (\"koikuchi shōyu\"), is used in eastern Japan, and light brown broth, made from light soy sauce (\"usukuchi shōyu\"), is used in western Japan.",
"This is even noticeable in packaged instant noodles, which are often sold in two different versions for east and west."
] |
[] |
Abstract
|
Is juice consumed as a beverage?
|
Juice
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
2
] |
[
"Juice is a liquid that is naturally contained in fruit and vegetables.",
"It can also refer to liquids that are flavored with these or other biological food sources such as meat and seafood.",
"It is commonly consumed as a beverage or used as an ingredient or flavoring in foods."
] |
[] |
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