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Overview | Will Greys Anatomy always end with a finale? | Grey's Anatomy | false | 1TV
| [
4
] | [
"Series synopsis.",
"\"Greys Anatomy\" follows the lives of surgical interns and residents at the fictional Grey Sloan Memorial Hospital (formerly Seattle Grace Hospital, Season 1-6, Seattle Grace Mercy West Hospital, Season 6-9, and then Grey Sloan Memorial Hospital, Season 9-present), as they gradually evolve into seasoned doctors, with the help of their competent mentors.",
"Every installment, typically, commences with a voice-over narrative from Meredith Grey, foreshadowing the theme of the episode.",
"Each season tends to represent the physicians' academic year, with each completed year qualifying the residents at a level higher in the surgical field.",
"The season will always end with a finale, typically involving a tragic event such as a death or character departure.",
"Most installments revolve around the doctors' everyday lives as surgeons, but the show puts an emphasis on their personal, rather than professional, lives.",
"The series sets aside medical ethics concerns to focus on character development and relationships.",
"Although the physicians treat the illnesses of their patients, often through complex surgeries, their primary motivation is customarily praise and competition.",
"The residents initially arrive at the hospital each morning and dispute with one another over who will care for a certain patient.",
"A hospital superior is in charge of assigning cases, often traversing to tense feelings between the residents and superiors.",
"Episodes migrate back and forth from the doctors interacting with their patients, and with their co-workers.",
"Once assigned a case, each doctor diagnoses the patient, with the help of his or her attending physician, which usually leads to surgery.",
"The surgeons tend to form personal connections with their patients, with a patient often conveying a message to his or her doctor, which unintentionally relates to the doctor's private life.",
"The show displays the growth of relationships between the doctors, either friendly or sexual, often stemming to a clash between their personal and professional lives.",
"Emotional scenes are often accompanied by an indie rock background song, something that has become a hallmark of the series.",
"At the conclusion of each episode, Meredith delivers another voice-over, typically contrasting or following up on her initial one."
] | [] |
Promotional partners | What was the name of the president of consumer products at Marvel Entertainment? | The Avengers (2012 film) | true | 6MOVIES
| [
0
] | [
"Paul Gitter, Marvel Entertainment's president of consumer products, commented that the build-up to the film helped strengthen retail partnerships: \"Retailers have been less tolerant with property films, so we decided that if we started on this coordinated strategy several years ago, retailers would give us shelf space throughout the years and we would have a more sustainable position in the marketplace\".",
"In September 2011, set photos of Robert Downey Jr. driving a new model Acura were published online.",
"An Acura spokesperson later released a statement confirming the company's involvement with the film, \"As you may know, Acura has been in the Marvel Comics Universe films as the official car of their fictional law enforcement agency called S.H.I.E.L.D.",
"That relationship continues for \"The Avengers\".",
"The open-top sports car that was photographed yesterday is a one-off, fictional car that was made just for the movie and will not be produced.",
"That said, as you may also know, our CEO has said publicly that we are studying the development of a new sportscar, but we can't say any more about it at this time.\"",
"In December 2011, Acura announced that a new NSX styled along the lines of the concept built for \"The Avengers\" would be unveiled at the 2012 North American International Auto Show.",
"A series of 10 S.H.I.E.L.D.",
"SUVs, based on the Acura MDX with modifications by Cinema Vehicle Services, were also made for the film.",
"In February 2012, it was announced that Marvel has partnered with fragrance company JADS to promote \"The Avengers\" with character-based fragrances.",
"The announcement was just ahead of the Toy Industry Association's annual February exhibition, where representatives held a sampling booth of the products.",
"Other promotional partners include bracelet-maker Colantotte, Dr Pepper, Farmers Insurance, Harley-Davidson, Hershey, Land O'Frost lunchmeats, Oracle, Red Baron pizza, Symantec, Visa and Wyndham Hotels & Resorts.",
"In total, Marvel and its parent-company Disney secured an estimated $100 million in worldwide marketing support for the film.",
"Notable exclusions include Baskin-Robbins, Burger King and Dunkin' Donuts, who had partnered with Marvel in the past when their films were distributed by Paramount.",
"Disney does not generally promote through fast food outlets."
] | [
0
] |
Military | Who's the Czech Republic's commander in chief. | Czech Republic | true | 5COUNTRY
| [
1
] | [
"The Czech armed forces consist of the Army, Air Force and of specialized support units.",
"The president of the Czech Republic is Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces.",
"In 2004 the army transformed itself into a fully professional organization and compulsory military service was abolished.",
"The country has been a member of NATO since 12 March 1999.",
"Defense spending is around 1.8% of the GDP (2006).",
"Currently, as a member of NATO, the Czech military are participating in ISAF and KFOR operations and have soldiers in Afghanistan and Kosovo.",
"Main equipment includes: multi-role fighters JAS-39 Gripen, combat aircraft Aero L-159 Alca, attack helicopters Mi-24, armored vehicles Pandur II, OT-64, OT-90, BVP-2 and Czech modernized tanks T-72 (T-72M4CZ)."
] | [
3
] |
Recurring cast | Who plays Aiden Wells in the TV show "Body of Proof"? | Body of Proof | false | 1TV
| [
4
] | [
" Jeffrey Nordling as Todd Fleming",
" Joanna Cassidy as Joan Hunt",
" Cliff Curtis as Derek Ames",
" Nathalie Kelley as Dani Alvarez",
" Jamie Bamber as Aiden Wells",
" Luke Perry as CDC Officer/Health Commissioner Charlie Stafford",
" Annie Wersching as Yvonne Kurtz",
" Richard Burgi as District Attorney Dan Russell",
" Lorraine Toussaint as Police Chief Angela Martin",
" Marisa Ramirez as Officer Riley Dunn",
" Micah Berkley as Officer James Wood"
] | [
3
] |
Background | When did Kennedy take office as a New York Senator? | Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
4
] | [
"Kennedy visited the British Mandate of Palestine in 1948 and wrote dispatches at the time for the \"Boston Post\" about his trip and the effect it had on him when he was twenty-two years old.",
"During his stay, he wrote that he grew to admire the Jewish inhabitants of the area.",
"As a Senator, he later became a strong supporter and advocate for Israel.",
"Kennedy was United States Attorney General from January 1961 until September 3, 1964, when he resigned to run for election to the United States Senate.",
"He took office as Senator from New York on January 3, 1965.",
"The run up to the 1968 presidential election saw the incumbent president, Lyndon B. Johnson, serving during a period of social unrest.",
"There were riots in the major cities despite Johnson's attempts to introduce anti-poverty and anti-discrimination legislation, and there was significant opposition to the ongoing military action in Vietnam.",
"The assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. on April 4, 1968 led to further riots across the US.",
"Kennedy entered the race for the Democratic Party's nomination for president on March 16, 1968—four days after Senator Eugene McCarthy received a large percentage of the vote in the New Hampshire primary against the incumbent President (42% to Johnson's 49%).",
"Two weeks later, a demoralized Johnson announced he was no longer seeking re-election.",
"One month later, Vice President Hubert Humphrey announced he would seek the presidency.",
"Humphrey did not participate in any primaries but he did obtain the support of many Democratic Party delegates.",
"Following the California primary, Kennedy was in second place with 393 delegates compared to Humphrey's 561."
] | [
2
] |
Raising the duck | What is the force feeding schedule of a duck? | Peking duck | true | 9FOOD
| [
7
] | [
"Raising the duck.",
"The ducks used to prepare Peking Duck originated in Nanjing.",
"They were small, had black feathers, and lived in the canals around the city linking major waterways.",
"With the relocation of the Chinese capital to Beijing, supply barge traffic increased in the area.",
"Often these barges would spill grain into the canals, providing food for the ducks.",
"By the Five Dynasties, the new species of duck had been domesticated by Chinese farmers.",
"Nowadays, Peking Duck is prepared from the Pekin duck (\"Anas platyrhynchos domestica\").",
"Newborn ducks are raised in a free range environment for the first 45 days of their lives, and force fed 4 times a day for the next 15–20 days, resulting in ducks that weigh 5–7 kg (11–15 lbs).",
"The force feeding of the ducks led to an alternate name for the dish, Peking Stuffed Duck ()."
] | [
0
] |
Special-purpose cakes | How do I perform a confarreatio? | Cake | true | 9FOOD
| [
3
] | [
"Cakes may be classified according to the occasion for which they are intended.",
"For example, wedding cakes, birthday cakes, cakes for first communion, Christmas cakes, Halloween cakes and Passover plava (a type of sponge cake sometimes made with matzo meal) are all identified primarily according to the celebration they are intended to accompany.",
"The cutting of a wedding cake constitutes a social ceremony in some cultures.",
"The Ancient Roman marriage ritual of \"confarreatio\" originated in the sharing of a cake.",
"Particular types of cake may be associated with particular festivals, such as stollen or chocolate log (at Christmas), babka and simnel cake (at Easter), or mooncake.",
"There has been a long tradition of decorating an iced cake at Christmas time; other cakes associated with Christmas include chocolate log and mince pies."
] | [
5
] |
Health and education | What was the purpose of the Act of 1539? | Dissolution of the Monasteries | true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
0
] | [
"The Act of 1539 also provided for the suppression of religious hospitals; which had constituted in England a distinct class of institution, endowed for the purpose of caring for older people.",
"A very few of these, such as Saint Bartholomew's Hospital in London, were excepted by special royal dispensation, but most closed, their residents being discharged with small pensions.",
"Monasteries had also supplied free food and alms for the poor and destitute, and it has been argued that the removal of this and other charitable resources, amounting to about 5% of net monastic income, was one of the factors in the creation of the army of \"sturdy beggars\" that plagued late Tudor England, causing the social instability that led to the Edwardian and Elizabethan Poor Laws.",
"Monasteries had necessarily undertaken schooling for their novice members, which in the later medieval period had tended to extend to cover choristers and sometimes other younger scholars; and all this educational resource was lost with their dissolution.",
"By contrast, where monasteries had provided grammar schools for older scholars, these were commonly refounded with enhanced endowments; some by royal command in connection to the newly re-established cathedral churches, others by private initiative.",
"Monastic orders had maintained, for the education of their members, six colleges at the universities of Oxford or Cambridge; of which five survived as refoundations.",
"Hospitals too were frequently to be re-endowed by private benefactors; and many new almshouses and charities were to be founded by the Elizabethan gentry and professional classes.",
"Nevertheless, it has been estimated that only in 1580 did overall levels of charitable giving in England return to those before the dissolution.",
"On the eve of the overthrow, the various monasteries owned approximately 2,000,000 acres (just under 8 100 km²), over 16 percent of England, with tens of thousands of tenant farmers working those lands; some of whom had family ties to a particular monastery going back many generations."
] | [
0
] |
Additional main cast | Who does Sean Gunn play in Gilmore Girls? | Gilmore Girls | false | 1TV
| [
2
] | [
"The following characters have been promoted to main character status since season 2.",
"All additional main cast are only credited in episodes in which they appear.",
"\"*\" In the second episode of Season One ('The Lorelais' First Day at Chilton'), Sean Gunn played a character named \"Mick\", who worked for a telephone company as a DSL installer.",
"Gunn did not return as Mick, but was given a part as Kirk.",
"Also in the beginning of season one \"Mick\" or \"Kirk\" was new to Stars Hollow, not knowing who Miss Patty was, but later is known to have grown up in Stars Hollow, like when he talks about having books knocked out of his hands at as a seventh grader by Luke.",
"<br>"
] | [
3
] |
Premise | Alicia was a stay-at-home mother for how many years before returning to work? | The Good Wife | true | 1TV
| [
1
] | [
"The series focuses on Alicia Florrick (Julianna Margulies), whose husband Peter Florrick (Chris Noth), a former Cook County state's attorney, has been jailed following a very public sex and corruption scandal.",
"Alicia returns to her old job as a litigator (having taken 13 years out to be a stay-at-home mother) to provide for her two children.",
"The series was partly inspired by the Eliot Spitzer prostitution scandal, as well as by other prominent American political sex scandals, particularly those of John Edwards and Bill Clinton:"
] | [
5
] |
Quantum gravity | How can quantum gravity predictions be tested? | General relativity | true | 8SCIENCE
| [
15
] | [
"The demand for consistency between a quantum description of matter and a geometric description of spacetime, as well as the appearance of singularities (where curvature length scales become microscopic), indicate the need for a full theory of quantum gravity: for an adequate description of the interior of black holes, and of the very early universe, a theory is required in which gravity and the associated geometry of spacetime are described in the language of quantum physics.",
"Despite major efforts, no complete and consistent theory of quantum gravity is currently known, even though a number of promising candidates exist.",
"Attempts to generalize ordinary quantum field theories, used in elementary particle physics to describe fundamental interactions, so as to include gravity have led to serious problems.",
"At low energies, this approach proves successful, in that it results in an acceptable effective (quantum) field theory of gravity.",
"At very high energies, however, the result are models devoid of all predictive power (\"non-renormalizability\").",
"One attempt to overcome these limitations is string theory, a quantum theory not of point particles, but of minute one-dimensional extended objects.",
"The theory promises to be a unified description of all particles and interactions, including gravity; the price to pay is unusual features such as six extra dimensions of space in addition to the usual three.",
"In what is called the second superstring revolution, it was conjectured that both string theory and a unification of general relativity and supersymmetry known as supergravity form part of a hypothesized eleven-dimensional model known as M-theory, which would constitute a uniquely defined and consistent theory of quantum gravity.",
"Another approach starts with the canonical quantization procedures of quantum theory.",
"Using the initial-value-formulation of general relativity (cf.",
"evolution equations above), the result is the Wheeler–deWitt equation (an analogue of the Schrödinger equation) which, regrettably, turns out to be ill-defined.",
"However, with the introduction of what are now known as Ashtekar variables, this leads to a promising model known as loop quantum gravity.",
"Space is represented by a web-like structure called a spin network, evolving over time in discrete steps.",
"Depending on which features of general relativity and quantum theory are accepted unchanged, and on what level changes are introduced, there are numerous other attempts to arrive at a viable theory of quantum gravity, some examples being dynamical triangulations, causal sets, twistor models or the path-integral based models of quantum cosmology.",
"All candidate theories still have major formal and conceptual problems to overcome.",
"They also face the common problem that, as yet, there is no way to put quantum gravity predictions to experimental tests (and thus to decide between the candidates where their predictions vary), although there is hope for this to change as future data from cosmological observations and particle physics experiments becomes available."
] | [
5
] |
Hollywood | What show is a 3-d experience with a stage show? | Universal Studios Florida | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
12
] | [
"The Hollywood section of the park greets guests with recreations of some of Hollywood's greatest monuments, such as Schwab's Drug Store and Mel's Drive-In.",
"These recreations are accompanied by two shows and a walkthrough exhibit.",
"Hollywood is also home to the world famous state of the art Radio Broadcast Center.",
"The studios are on the corner between Schwab's and The Brown Derby.",
"The Radio Broadcast Center hosts radio stations from all over the world.",
"Lucy: A Tribute is a walk-through museum featuring the best of \"America's favorite redhead\", Lucille Ball.",
"\"Universal's Horror Make-Up Show\" is a live stage show that shows guests how horror film special effects are created.",
"Before the main show guests experience a pre-show walk-through of set pieces and props used in various horror movies.",
"The pre-show currently houses a character appearance by Hellboy from \"\".",
"In August 2008, a section of the pre-show lobby was included to contain material from Halloween Horror Nights which includes some concept art, and a timeline of park map covers dating from its debut year in 1991 as Fright Nights.",
"Both of these attractions opened in 1990.",
"The final attraction is .",
"The show is a live, 3D experience that combines a 3-D film with an actual stage show based on the film \"Terminator 2\".",
"Hollywood's two dining outlets are recreations of actual Hollywood outlets.",
"\"Schwab's Pharmacy\" and \"Mel's Drive-In\" offer guests a variety of food and beverage options.",
"A third outlet, named \"Cafe La Bamba\", operates seasonally.",
"Guests can purchase Terminator merchandise from \"Cyber Image\" and magic-related items from \"Theatre Magic\"."
] | [
0
] |
Equipment | What do clipless pedals enable a cyclist to do? | Cycling | false | 4SPORT
| [
16
] | [
"In many countries, the most commonly used vehicle for road transport is a utility bicycle.",
"These have frames with relaxed geometry, protecting the rider from shocks of the road and easing steering at low speeds.",
"Utility bicycles tend to be equipped with accessories such as mudguards, panier racks and lights which extends their usefulness on a daily basis.",
"As the bicycle is so effective as a means of transportation various companies have developed methods of carrying anything from the weekly shop to children on bicycles.",
"Certain countries around the world rely heavily on bicycles and their culture has developed around the bicycle as a primary form of transport.",
"In Europe Belgium and Holland are two of the biggest advocates and users of bicycles as a method of day to day transportation.",
"Road bikes tend to have a more upright shape and a shorter wheelbase, which make the bike more mobile but harder to ride slowly.",
"The design, coupled with low or dropped handlebars, requires the rider to bend forward more, utilizing stronger muscles (particularly the gluteus maximus) and reducing air resistance at high speed.",
"The price of a new bicycle can range from US$50 to more than US$20,000 (the highest priced bike in the world is the custom Madone by Damien Hirst, sold at $500,000 USD), depending on quality, type and weight (the most exotic road bicycles can weigh as little as 3.2 kg (7 lb)).",
"However, UCI regulations stipulates a legal race bike cannot weigh less than 6.8 kg (14.99 lbs).",
"Being measured for a bike and taking it for a test ride are recommended before buying.",
"The drivetrain components of the bike should also be considered.",
"A middle grade dérailleur is sufficient for a beginner, although many utility bikes come equipped with hub gears.",
"If the rider plans a significant amount of hillclimbing, a triple-crank (three chainrings) front gear system may be preferred.",
"Otherwise, the relatively lighter and less expensive two chainrings may be better.",
"Much simpler fixed wheel bikes are also available.",
"Many road bikes along with mountain bikes include clipless pedals to which special shoes attach, via a cleat, permitting the rider to pull on the pedals as well as push.",
"Other possible accessories for the bicycle include front and rear lights, bells or horns, child carrying seats, cycling computers with GPS, locks, bar tape, fenders (mud-guards), baggage racks, baggage carriers and pannier bags, water bottles and bottle cages.",
"For basic maintenance and repairs, cyclists can choose to carry a pump (or a CO2 cartridge), a puncture repair kit, a spare inner tube, and tire levers.",
"Cycling can be more efficient and comfortable with special shoes, gloves, and shorts.",
"In wet weather, riding can be more tolerable with waterproof clothes, such as cape, jacket, trousers (pants) and overshoes.",
"Items legally required in some jurisdictions, or voluntarily adopted for safety reasons, include bicycle helmets, generator or battery operated lights, reflectors, and audible signalling devices such as a bell or horn.",
"Extras include studded tires and a bicycle computer.",
"Bikes can also be heavily customized, with different seat designs and handle bars, for example."
] | [
0
] |
Reception | Das Boot was ranked as what what according to Empire Magazine? | Das Boot | false | 6MOVIES
| [
2
] | [
"The film drew highest critical acclaim and is seen as one of the greatest of all German films.",
"For its unsurpassed authenticity in tension and realism, it is regarded internationally as pre-eminent among all submarine films.",
"The film was ranked #25 in \"Empire\" magazine's \"The 100 Best Films Of World Cinema\" in 2010.",
"It currently holds a 98% Fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes, well into the 32-nd year of its release (as of July 2013).",
"In late 2007, there was an exhibition about the film \"Das Boot\", as well as about the real U-Boat \"U-96\", at the Haus der Geschichte (House of German History) in Bonn.",
"Over 100,000 people visited the exhibition during its four-month run."
] | [
0
] |
Prediction of Judas' betrayal | During the Last Supper who did Jesus predict would betray him? | Last Supper | false | 3ART
| [
0
] | [
"In , , and during the meal, Jesus predicted that one of his Apostles would betray him.",
"Jesus is described as reiterating, despite each Apostle's assertion that he would not betray Jesus, that the betrayer would be one of those who were present, and saying that there would be \"woe to the man who betrays the Son of man!",
"It would be better for him if he had not been born.\"",
"In and , Judas is specifically identified as the traitor.",
"In the Gospel of John, when asked about the traitor, Jesus states: “It is the one to whom I will give this piece of bread when I have dipped it in the dish.” Then, dipping the piece of bread, he gave it to Judas, the son of Simon Iscariot.",
"As soon as Judas took the bread, Satan entered into him.\""
] | [
3
] |
Influences | What worldview of Tolkien is reflected in the themes of the Lord of the Rings? | The Lord of the Rings | false | 6MOVIES
| [
7
] | [
"The influence of the Welsh language, which Tolkien had learnt, is summarised in his essay English and Welsh: \"If I may once more refer to my work.",
"The Lord of the Rings, in evidence: the names of persons and places in this story were mainly composed on patterns deliberately modelled on those of Welsh (closely similar but not identical).",
"This element in the tale has given perhaps more pleasure to more readers than anything else in it.",
"\"\"The Lord of the Rings\" developed as a personal exploration by Tolkien of his interests in philology, religion (particularly Roman Catholicism), fairy tales, Norse and general Germanic mythology, and also Celtic, Slavic, Persian, Greek, and Finnish mythology.",
"Tolkien acknowledged, and external critics have verified, the influences of George MacDonald and William Morris and the Anglo-Saxon poem \"Beowulf\".",
"The question of a direct influence of Wagner's \"The Nibelung's Ring\" on Tolkien's work is debated by critics.",
"Tolkien included neither any explicit religion nor cult in his work.",
"Rather the themes, moral philosophy, and cosmology of the Lord of the Rings reflect his Catholic worldview.",
"In one of his letters Tolkien states, \"The Lord of the Rings is of course a fundamentally religious and Catholic work; unconsciously so at first, but consciously in the revision.",
"That is why I have not put in, or have cut out, practically all references to anything like 'religion', to cults or practices, in the imaginary world.",
"For the religious element is absorbed into the story and the symbolism.",
"\"Some locations and characters were inspired by Tolkien's childhood in Birmingham, where he first lived near Sarehole Mill, and later near Edgbaston Reservoir.",
"There are also hints of the Black Country, which is within easy reach of north west Edgbaston.",
"This shows in such names as \"Underhill\", and the description of Saruman's industrialisation of Isengard and The Shire.",
"It has also been suggested that The Shire and its surroundings were based on the countryside around Stonyhurst College in Lancashire where Tolkien frequently stayed during the 1940s.",
"The work was influenced by the effects of his military service during World War I, to the point that Frodo has been \"diagnosed\" as suffering from Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, or \"shell-shock,\" which was first diagnosed at the Battle of the Somme, at which Tolkien served."
] | [
0
] |
Track listing | What is the length of "Murder By Numbers"? | Every Breath You Take | true | 0MUSIC
| [
2
] | [
"7\": A&M / AM 117",
" \"Every Breath You Take\" – 4:13",
" \"Murder By Numbers\" – 4:31",
"2x7\": A&M / AM 117",
" \"Every Breath You Take\" – 4:13",
" \"Murder By Numbers\" – 4:31",
" \"Man In A Suitcase\" (live) – 2:18",
" \"Truth Hits Everybody '83\" -3:34",
" rare 2x7\" single"
] | [
0
] |
Recordings | When was the earliest recording of a song? | Santa Claus Is Coming to Town | true | 0MUSIC
| [
0
] | [
"The earliest known recorded version of the song was by banjoist Harry Reser and his band on October 24, 1934 (Decca 264A) featuring Tom Stacks on vocal, the version shown in the Variety charts of December 1934.",
"The song was a sheet music hit, reaching #1.",
"The song was also recorded on September 26, 1935, by Tommy Dorsey & His Orchestra.",
"The song is a traditional standard at Christmas time, and has been covered by numerous recording artists.",
"The 1951 version by Perry Como was the first measurable hit, and in 1963 the Four Seasons version charted at #23 on Billboard.",
"In 1970 Rankin-Bass produced an hour-long animated television special based on the song, with narrator Fred Astaire telling the original story of Santa Claus.",
"Many contemporary artists have recorded and performed various versions of the song, including a rock and roll version by Bruce Springsteen & The E Street Band.",
"The song was recorded in a 1975 live version and eventually released in 1985 as a B-side to \"My Hometown\", a single from the \"Born in the U.S.A.\" album.",
"Luis Miguel recorded the song in Spanish as \"Santa Claus Llegó a La Ciudad\" for his Christmas album \"Navidades\" (2006).",
"His version of the song peaked at #26 on the \"Billboard\" Latin Pop Songs chart.",
"Other well-known versions of this song include Bing Crosby and the Andrews Sisters (1943), Frank Sinatra (1948), the Ray Conniff Singers (1959), Alvin and the Chipmunks (1961), The Crystals (1963), The Beach Boys (1964), The Jackson 5 (1970), The Carpenters (1978), The Pointer Sisters (1987), Neil Diamond (1992), Mariah Carey (1994), George Strait (1996), Faith Hill (2008), Miley Cyrus (2008), Andrea Bocelli (2009), Love Händel from \"Phineas and Ferb\" (2010), Justin Bieber (2011), Michael Bublé (2011), Mark Salling and Cory Monteith on \"Glee\" (2011), Colbie Caillat (2012), Rod Stewart (2012) and Dannii Minogue (2013)."
] | [
2
] |
Bush declares "End of major combat operations" (May 2003) | How did Iraq fare after the first invasion? | 2003 invasion of Iraq | true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
8
] | [
"Bush declares \"End of major combat operations\" (May 2003).",
"On 1 May 2003, Bush landed on the aircraft carrier USS \"Abraham Lincoln\", in a Lockheed S-3 Viking, where he gave a speech announcing the end of major combat operations in the Iraq war.",
"Bush's landing was criticized by opponents as an unnecessarily theatrical and expensive stunt.",
"Clearly visible in the background was a banner stating \"Mission Accomplished.\"",
"The banner, made by White House staff and supplied by request of the United States Navy, was criticized as premature.",
"The White House subsequently released a statement that the sign and Bush's visit referred to the initial invasion of Iraq and disputing the charge of theatrics.",
"The speech itself noted: \"We have difficult work to do in Iraq.",
"We are bringing order to parts of that country that remain dangerous.\"",
"Post-invasion Iraq was marked by a long and violent conflict between U.S.-led forces and Iraqi insurgents."
] | [
5
] |
Abstract | How did Vincent Van Gogh perish? | Vincent van Gogh | true | 3ART
| [
1
] | [
"Vincent Willem van Gogh (; 30 March 185329 July 1890) was a post-Impressionist painter of Dutch origin whose work, notable for its rough beauty, emotional honesty and bold color, had a far-reaching influence on 20th-century art.",
"After years of painful anxiety and frequent bouts of mental illness, he died aged 37 from a gunshot wound, generally accepted to be self-inflicted (although no gun was ever found).",
"His work was then known to only a handful of people and appreciated by fewer still.",
"Van Gogh began to draw as a child, and he continued to draw throughout the years that led up to his decision to become an artist.",
"He did not begin painting until his late twenties, completing many of his best-known works during the last two years of his life.",
"In just over a decade, he produced more than 2,100 artworks, consisting of 860 oil paintings and more than 1,300 watercolors, drawings, sketches and prints.",
"His work included self portraits, landscapes, still lifes, portraits and paintings of cypresses, wheat fields and sunflowers.",
"Van Gogh spent his early adulthood working for a firm of art dealers, traveling between The Hague, London and Paris, after which he taught for a time in England at Isleworth and Ramsgate.",
"One of his early aspirations was to become a pastor and from 1879 he worked as a missionary in a mining region in Belgium where he began to sketch people from the local community.",
"In 1885, he painted his first major work \"The Potato Eaters\".",
"His palette at the time consisted mainly of somber earth tones and showed no sign of the vivid coloration that distinguished his later work.",
"In March 1886, he moved to Paris and discovered the French Impressionists.",
"Later, he moved to the south of France and was influenced by the strong sunlight he found there.",
"His work grew brighter in color, and he developed the unique and highly recognizable style that became fully realized during his stay in Arles in 1888.",
"The extent to which his mental health affected his painting has been a subject of speculation since his death.",
"Despite a widespread tendency to romanticize his ill health, modern critics see an artist deeply frustrated by the inactivity and incoherence brought about by his bouts of illness.",
"According to art critic Robert Hughes, Van Gogh's late works show an artist at the height of his ability, completely in control and \"longing for concision and grace.\""
] | [
5
] |
Society | How does the world view France? | France | false | 5COUNTRY
| [
0
] | [
"According to a BBC poll in 2010, based on 29,977 responses in 28 countries, France is globally seen as a positive influence in the world's affairs: 49% have a positive view of the country's influence, whereas 19% have a negative view.",
"The Nation Brand Index of 2008 suggested that France has the second best international reputation, only behind Germany.",
"According to a poll in 2011, the French were found to have the highest level of religious tolerance and to be the country where the highest proportion of the population defines its identity primarily in term of nationality and not religion.",
"69% of French have a favourable view of the US, making France one of the most pro-American countries in the world.",
"In January 2010, the magazine International Living ranked France as \"best country to live in\", ahead of 193 other countries, for the fifth year running.",
"The French Revolution continues to permeate the country's collective memory.",
"The tricolour flag, the anthem \"La Marseillaise\", and the motto Liberté, egalité, fraternité, defined in Title 1 of the Constitution as national symbols, all emerged during the cultural ferment of the early revolution, along with Marianne, a common national personification.",
"In addition, Bastille Day, the national holiday, commemorates the storming of the Bastille on 14 July 1789.",
"A common and traditional symbol of the French people is the Gallic rooster.",
"Its origins date back to Antiquity, since the Latin word Gallus meant both \"rooster\" and \"inhabitant of Gaul\".",
"Then this figure gradually became the most widely shared representation of the French, used by French monarchs, then by the Revolution and under the successive republican regimes as representation of the national identity, used for some stamps and coins."
] | [
5
] |
Development | Which production studio did the Wachowskis present their script for Assassins to? | The Matrix | false | 6MOVIES
| [
0
] | [
"In 1994, the Wachowskis presented the script for the film \"Assassins\" to Warner Brothers.",
"After Lorenzo di Bonaventura, the president of production of the company at the time, read the script, he decided to buy rights to it and included two more pictures, \"Bound\" and \"The Matrix\", in the contract.",
"The first movie the Wachowskis directed, \"Bound\", then became a critical success.",
"Using this momentum, the brothers later asked to direct \"The Matrix\".",
"Producer Joel Silver soon joined the project.",
"Although the project had key supporters like Silver and Di Bonaventura to influence the company, \"The Matrix\" was still a huge investment for Warner Bros, which had to invest $60 million to create a movie with deep philosophical ideas and difficult special effects.",
"The Wachowskis therefore hired underground comic book artists Geof Darrow and Steve Skroce to draw a 600-page, shot-by-shot storyboard for the entire film.",
"The storyboard eventually earned the studio's approval, and it was decided to film in Australia to make the most of the budget.",
"Soon, \"The Matrix\" became a co-production of Warner Bros. and the Australian company Village Roadshow Pictures."
] | [] |
SeaWorld Orlando | What is the count of roller coasters at Seaworld Orlando? | SeaWorld | true | 2TRAVEL
| [
3
] | [
" Orlando.",
"SeaWorld Orlando opened on December 15, 1973, and had crowds topping 5,400 on its opening day.",
"\"One Ocean\", a new Shamu show which premiered April 22, 2011, is hosted here, along with \"Clyde and Seamore Take Pirate Island\", an adventure with two sea lions, and \"Blue Horizons\", the park's dolphin show.",
"The park contains 3 roller coasters: Kraken, a floorless coaster based on the mythical sea creature, Manta, a coaster designed to simulate how manta rays move, and the Shamu Express, a coaster oriented to kids located in Shamu's Happy Harbor.",
"It is also home to the original Journey to Atlantis Water Coaster.",
"SeaWorld After Dark is SeaWorld Orlando's night program, featuring the fireworks show \"Reflections\", a sea lions show \"Sea Lions Tonite\" and Shamu show \"Shamu Rocks\"."
] | [
0
] |
Arsenic concerns | Rice from Thailand and India contain the least what? | Rice | false | 9FOOD
| [
6
] | [
"Rice and rice products contain arsenic, a known poison and Group 1 carcinogen.",
"There is no safe level of arsenic, but, as of 2012, a limit of 10 parts per billion has been established in the United States for drinking water, twice the level of 5 parts per billion originally proposed by the EPA.",
"Consumption of one serving of some varieties of rice gives more exposure to arsenic than consumption of 1 liter of water that contains 5 parts per billion arsenic; however, the amount of arsenic in rice varies widely with the greatest concentration in brown rice and rice grown on land formerly used to grow cotton; in the United States, Arkansas, Louisiana, Missouri, and Texas.",
"The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is studying this issue, but has not established a limit.",
"China has set a limit of 150 ppb for arsenic in rice.",
"White rice grown in Arkansas, Louisiana, Missouri, and Texas, which account for 76 percent of American-produced rice had higher levels of arsenic than other regions of the world studied, possibly because of past use of arsenic-based pesticides to control cotton weevils.",
"Rice from Thailand and India contain the least arsenic among rice varieties in one study."
] | [
0
] |
Cable | How did the show rank in January 2009? | NCIS (TV series) | false | 1TV
| [
0
] | [
" The show ranked number eighteen (4.793 million viewers) in the list of Nielsen ratings top twenty most-watched cable shows for the week ending January 25, 2009.",
" The show ranked number ten (4.535 million viewers), twelve (4.264 million viewers), thirteen (4.221 million viewers), fifteen (4,161 million viewers), seventeen (4.132 million viewers), and twenty (4.081 million viewers) in the list of Nielsen ratings top twenty most-watched cable shows for the week ending March 1, 2009.",
" The show ranked sixteen (4.091 million viewers), seventeen (4.084 million viewers), eighteen (4.072 million viewers), and twenty (4.006 million viewers) in the list of Nielsen ratings top twenty most-watched cable shows for the week ending March 29, 2009.",
" The show ranked number five (4.492 million viewers), six (4.467 million viewers), eight (4.394 million viewers), nine (4.214 million viewers), fifteen (3.962 million viewers), and seventeen (3.8.58 million viewers) in the list of Nielsen ratings top twenty most-watched cable shows for the week ending May 3, 2009.",
" The show ranked number three (4.82 million viewers), six (4.38 million viewers), ten (3.82 million viewers), eleven (3.88 million viewers), and fourteen (3.87 million viewers) in the list of Nielsen ratings top fifteen most-watched cable shows for the week ending November 1, 2009.",
"2/25/13 to 3/03/13 [http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-03-05/u-s-cable-television-ratings-for-the-week-ended-march-3.html]"
] | [
5
] |
Caribbean and Latin America | Who were the people who introduced rice in the Americas? | Rice | true | 9FOOD
| [
0
] | [
"Rice is not native to the Americas but was introduced to Latin America and the Caribbean by European colonizers at an early date with Spanish colonizers introducing Asian rice to Mexico in the 1520s at Veracruz and the Portuguese and their African slaves introducing it at about the same time to Colonial Brazil.",
"Recent scholarship suggests that enslaved Africans played an active role in the establishment of rice in the New World and that African rice was an important crop from an early period.",
"Varieties of rice and bean dishes that were a staple dish along the peoples of West Africa remained a staple among their descendants subjected to slavery in the Spanish New World colonies, Brazil and elsewhere in the Americas.",
"The Native Americans of what is now the Eastern United States may have practiced extensive agriculture with forms of wild rice."
] | [
3
] |
Creamy puddings | How is it possible to prepare instant puddings quickly? | Pudding | true | 9FOOD
| [
4
] | [
"The second and newer type of pudding consists of sugar, milk, and a thickening agent such as cornstarch, gelatin, eggs, rice or tapioca to create a sweet, creamy dessert.",
"These puddings are made either by simmering on top of the stove in a saucepan or double boiler or by baking in an oven, often in a bain-marie.",
"These puddings are easily scorched on the fire, which is why a double boiler is often used; microwave ovens are also now often used to avoid this problem and to reduce stirring.",
"Creamy puddings are typically served chilled, but a few, such as zabaglione and rice pudding, may be served warm.",
"Instant puddings do not require boiling and can therefore be prepared more quickly.",
"This pudding terminology is common in North America and some European countries such as the Netherlands, whilst in Britain egg-thickened puddings are considered custards and starch-thickened puddings called blancmange."
] | [
5
] |
Bomber and Coastal Command contributions | On what date was the raid on the Channel ports? | Battle of Britain | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
7
] | [
"Bomber Command and Coastal Command aircraft flew offensive sorties against targets in Germany and France during the battle.",
"After the initial disasters of the war, with Vickers Wellington bombers shot down in large numbers attacking Wilhelmshaven and the slaughter of the Fairey Battle squadrons sent to France, it became clear that Bomber Command would have to operate mainly at night to achieve any results without incurring very high losses.",
"From 15 May 1940, a night time bomber campaign was launched against the German oil industry, communications, and forests/crops, mainly in the Ruhr area.",
"As the threat mounted, Bomber Command changed targeting priority on 3 June 1940 to attack the German aircraft industry.",
"On 4 July, the Air Ministry gave Bomber Command orders to attack ports and shipping.",
"By September, the build-up of invasion barges in the Channel ports had become a top priority target.",
"On 7 September, the government issued a warning that the invasion could be expected within the next few days and, that night, Bomber Command attacked the Channel ports and supply dumps.",
"On 13 September, they carried out another large raid on the Channel ports, sinking 80 large barges in the port of Ostend.",
"84 barges were sunk in Dunkirk after another raid on 17 September and by 19 September, almost 200 barges had been sunk.",
"The loss of these barges may have contributed to Hitler's decision to postpone Operation \"Sea Lion\" indefinitely.",
"The success of these raids was in part because the Germans had few Freya radar stations set up in France, so that air defences of the French harbours were not nearly as good as the air defences over Germany; Bomber Command had directed some 60% of its strength against the Channel ports.",
"The Bristol Blenheim units also raided German-occupied airfields throughout July to December 1940, both during daylight hours and at night.",
"Although most of these raids were unproductive, there were some successes; on 1 August, five out of 12 Blenheims sent to attack Haamstede and Evere (Brussels) were able to bomb, destroying or heavily damaging three Bf 109s of II./JG 27 and apparently killing a \"Staffelkapitän\" identified as a \"Hauptmann\" Albrecht von Ankum-Frank.",
"Two other 109s were claimed by Blenheim gunners.",
"Another successful raid on Haamstede was made by a single Blenheim on 7 August which destroyed one 109 of 4./JG 54, heavily damaged another and caused lighter damage to four more.",
"There were some missions which produced an almost 100% casualty rate amongst the Blenheims; one such operation was mounted on 13 August 1940 against a \"Luftwaffe\" airfield near Aalborg in north-eastern Denmark by 12 aircraft of 82 Squadron.",
"One Blenheim returned early (the pilot was later charged and due to appear before a court martial, but was killed on another operation), the other 11, which reached Denmark, were shot down, five by flak and six by Bf 109s.",
"Of the 33 crewmen who took part in the attack, 20 were killed and 13 captured.",
"As well as the bombing operations, Blenheim-equipped units had been formed to carry out long-range strategic reconnaissance missions over Germany and German-occupied territories.",
"In this role, the Blenheims again proved to be too slow and vulnerable against \"Luftwaffe\" fighters, and they took constant casualties.",
"Coastal Command directed its attention towards the protection of British shipping, and the destruction of enemy shipping.",
"As invasion became more likely, it participated in the strikes on French harbours and airfields, laying mines, and mounting numerous reconnaissance missions over the enemy-held coast.",
"In all, some 9,180 sorties were flown by bombers from July to October 1940.",
"Although this was much less than the 80,000 sorties flown by fighters, bomber crews suffered about half the total number of casualties borne by their fighter colleagues.",
"The bomber contribution was, therefore, much more dangerous on a loss-per-sortie comparison.",
"Bomber, reconnaissance, and antisubmarine patrol operations continued throughout these months with little respite and none of the publicity accorded to Fighter Command.",
"In his famous 20 August speech about \"The Few\", praising Fighter Command, Churchill also made a point of mentioning Bomber Command's contribution, adding that bombers were even then striking back at Germany; this part of the speech is often overlooked, even today.",
"The Battle of Britain Chapel in Westminster Abbey lists in a Roll of Honour, 718 Bomber Command crew members, and 280 from Coastal Command who were killed between 10 July and 31 October."
] | [
0
] |
Scholarship and legacies (1875–1900) | When was it removed to the new British Museum of Natural History? | British Museum | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
1
] | [
"Scholarship and legacies (1875–1900).",
"The natural history collections were an integral part of the British Museum until their removal to the new British Museum of Natural History, now the Natural History Museum, in 1887.",
"With the departure and the completion of the new White Wing (fronting Montague Street) in 1884, more space was available for antiquities and ethnography and the library could further expand.",
"This was a time of innovation as electric lighting was introduced in the Reading Room and exhibition galleries.",
"In 1882 the Museum was involved in the establishment of the independent Egypt Exploration Fund (now Society) the first British body to carry out research in Egypt.",
"A bequest from Miss Emma Turner in 1892 financed excavations in Cyprus.",
"In 1897 the death of the great collector and curator, A.W.",
"Franks, was followed by an immense bequest of 3,300 finger rings, 153 drinking vessels, 512 pieces of continental porcelain, 1,500 netsuke, 850 inro, over 30,000 bookplates and miscellaneous items of jewellery and plate, among them the Oxus Treasure.",
"In 1898 Baron Ferdinand de Rothschild bequeathed the glittering contents from his New Smoking Room at Waddesdon Manor as the Waddesdon Bequest.",
"This consisted of almost 300 pieces of \"objets d'art et de vertu\" which included exquisite examples of jewellery, plate, enamel, carvings, glass and maiolica, among them the Holy Thorn Reliquary, probably created in the 1390s in Paris for John, Duke of Berry.",
"The collection was in the tradition of a schatzkammer or treasure house such as those formed by the Renaissance princes of Europe.",
"Baron Ferdinand's will was most specific, and failure to observe the terms would make it void, the collection should be"
] | [
2
] |
Initial reactions | What countries were willing to receive Marshall Plan aid? | Marshall Plan | true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
5,
6
] | [
"While the Soviet ambassador in Washington suspected that the Marshall Plan could lead to the creation of an anti-Soviet bloc, Stalin was open to the offer.",
"He directed that—in negotiations to be held in Paris regarding the aid—countries in the Eastern Bloc should not reject economic conditions being placed upon them.",
"Stalin only changed his outlook when he learned that (a) credit would only be extended under conditions of economic cooperation and,(b) aid would also be extended to Germany in total, an eventuality which Stalin thought would hamper the Soviets' ability to exercise influence in western Germany.",
"Initially, Stalin maneuvered to kill the Plan, or at least hamper it by means of destructive participation in the Paris talks regarding conditions.",
"He quickly realized, however, that this would be impossible after Molotov reported—following his arrival in Paris in July 1947—that conditions for the credit were non-negotiable.",
"Looming as just as large a concern was the Czechoslovak eagerness to accept the aid, as well as indications of a similar Polish attitude.",
"Stalin suspected a possibility that these Eastern Bloc countries might defy Soviet directives not to accept the aid, potentially causing a loss of control of the Eastern Bloc.",
"In addition, the most important condition was that every country choosing to take advantage of the plan would need to have its economic situation independently assessed—a level of scrutiny to which the Soviets could not agree.",
"Bevin and Bidault also insisted that any aid be accompanied by the creation of a unified European economy, something incompatible with the strict Soviet command economy."
] | [
0
] |
Europe | The returning soldiers from what army were exposed to rice while on expedition in Asia? | Rice | true | 9FOOD
| [
1
] | [
"Rice was known to the Classical world, being imported from Egypt, and perhaps west Asia.",
"It was known to Greece by returning soldiers from Alexander the Great's military expedition to Asia.",
"Large deposits of rice from the first century A.D. have been found in Roman camps in Germany.",
"The Moors brought Asiatic rice to the Iberian Peninsula in the 10th century.",
"Records indicate it was grown in Valencia and Majorca.",
"In Majorca, rice cultivation seems to have stopped after the Christian conquest, although historians are not certain.",
"Muslims also brought rice to Sicily, where it was an important crop long before it is noted in the plain of Pisa (1468) or in the Lombard plain (1475), where its cultivation was promoted by Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan, and demonstrated in his model farms.",
"After the 15th century, rice spread throughout Italy and then France, later propagating to all the continents during the age of European exploration.",
"In European Russia, a short-grain, starchy rice similar to the Italian varieties, has been grown in the Krasnodar Krai, and known in Russia as \"Kuban Rice\" or \"Krasnodar Rice\".",
"In the Russian Far East several \"japonica\" cultivars are grown in Primorye around the Khanka lake.",
"Increasing scale of rice production in the region has recently brought criticism towards growers' alleged bad practices in regards to the environment."
] | [
0
] |
Initial reactions | Which countries showed a willingness to receive Marshall Plan aid? | Marshall Plan | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
5,
6
] | [
"While the Soviet ambassador in Washington suspected that the Marshall Plan could lead to the creation of an anti-Soviet bloc, Stalin was open to the offer.",
"He directed that—in negotiations to be held in Paris regarding the aid—countries in the Eastern Bloc should not reject economic conditions being placed upon them.",
"Stalin only changed his outlook when he learned that (a) credit would only be extended under conditions of economic cooperation and,(b) aid would also be extended to Germany in total, an eventuality which Stalin thought would hamper the Soviets' ability to exercise influence in western Germany.",
"Initially, Stalin maneuvered to kill the Plan, or at least hamper it by means of destructive participation in the Paris talks regarding conditions.",
"He quickly realized, however, that this would be impossible after Molotov reported—following his arrival in Paris in July 1947—that conditions for the credit were non-negotiable.",
"Looming as just as large a concern was the Czechoslovak eagerness to accept the aid, as well as indications of a similar Polish attitude.",
"Stalin suspected a possibility that these Eastern Bloc countries might defy Soviet directives not to accept the aid, potentially causing a loss of control of the Eastern Bloc.",
"In addition, the most important condition was that every country choosing to take advantage of the plan would need to have its economic situation independently assessed—a level of scrutiny to which the Soviets could not agree.",
"Bevin and Bidault also insisted that any aid be accompanied by the creation of a unified European economy, something incompatible with the strict Soviet command economy."
] | [] |
Abstract | What year was The Scream stolen? | The Scream | false | 3ART
| [
15
] | [
"The Scream () is the popular name given to each of four versions of a composition, created as both paintings and pastels, by the Expressionist artist Edvard Munch between 1893 and 1910.",
"Der Schrei der Natur (\"The Scream of Nature\") is the title Munch gave to these works, all of which show a figure with an agonized expression against a landscape with a tumultuous orange sky.",
"Arthur Lubow has described \"The Scream\" as \"an icon of modern art, a Mona Lisa for our time.\"",
"Edvard Munch created the four versions in various media.",
"The National Gallery, Oslo, holds one of two painted versions (1893, shown at right).",
"The Munch Museum holds the other painted version (1910, see gallery) and a pastel version from 1893.",
"These three versions have not traveled for years.",
"The fourth version (pastel, 1895) was sold for $119,922,600 at Sotheby's Impressionist and Modern Art auction on 2 May 2012 to financier Leon Black, the second highest nominal price paid for a painting at auction.",
"The painting was on display in the Museum of Modern Art in New York from October 2012 to April 2013.",
"Also in 1895, Munch created a lithograph stone of the image.",
"Of the lithograph prints produced by Munch, several examples survive.",
"Only approximately four dozen prints were made before the original stone was resurfaced by the printer in Munch's absence.",
"\"The Scream\" has been the target of several high-profile art thefts.",
"In 1994, the version in the National Gallery was stolen.",
"It was recovered several months later.",
"In 2004, both \"The Scream\" and \"Madonna\" were stolen from the Munch Museum, and were both recovered two years later."
] | [
0
] |
Competitive shooting | What plays an important role when handling a rifle or handgun? | Shooting | true | 4SPORT
| [
4
] | [
"Marksmanship has inspired competition, and in several countries rifle clubs started to form in the 19th century.",
"Soon international shooting events evolved, including shooting at the Summer Olympics (from 1896) and World Championships (from 1897).",
"The International Shooting Sport Federation still administers Olympic and non-Olympic rifle, pistol, shotgun, and running target shooting competitions, although there is also a large number of national and international shooting sports controlled by unrelated organizations.",
"Shooting technique differs depending on factors like the type of firearm used (from a handgun to a sniper rifle; the distance to and nature of the target; the required precision; and the available time.",
"Breathing and position play an important role when handling a handgun or a rifle.",
"Some shooting sports, such as IPSC shooting, make a sport of combat style shooting.",
"The prone position, kneeling position, and standing position offer different amounts of support for the shooter."
] | [
2,
0
] |
Georgia – massacre in Tbilisi | When was Jumber Patiashvili removed from his position as First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party by Gorbachev? | Dissolution of the Soviet Union | true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
3,
4
] | [
"On April 7, 1989 troops and armored personnel carriers were sent onto the streets of Tbilisi after more than 100,000 people gathered in front of the Government and Communist Party headquarters, many with banners calling for Georgia to secede from the Soviet Union and urging the full integration into Georgia of the autonomous region of Abkhazia.",
"On 9 April 9, 1989 at least sixteen people were killed and more than 200 wounded when troops attacked the peaceful demonstrators.",
"This event radicalised Georgian politics, prompting many to conclude that independence was preferable to continued Soviet rule.",
"On 14 April 1989 Gorbachev removed Jumber Patiashvili as First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party for his poor handling of the April events and replaced him with the former Georgian KGB chief Givi Gumbaridze.",
"On July 16, 1989 in Sukhumi capital of Abkhazia a protest against the opening of a Georgian university branch in the town led to violence that quickly degenerated into a large-scale inter-ethnic confrontation in which 18 died and hundreds were injured before Soviet troops restored order.",
"This riot marked the start of the Georgian-Abkhaz conflict."
] | [
2
] |
Legacy | Of the top 100 songs of the century, when did "Every Breath You Take" get added to the list by BMI? | Every Breath You Take | true | 0MUSIC
| [
0
] | [
"In 1999, \"Every Breath You Take\" was listed as one of the Top 100 Songs of the Century by BMI.",
"In 2003, VH1 ranked the song the #2 greatest Break-up song of all time.",
"And also as of 2003, Sting was still taking in an average of $2000 per day in royalties for the then 20-year-old song \"Every Breath You Take.",
"\"In October 2007, Sting was awarded a Million-Air certificate for 9 million airplays of \"Every Breath You Take\" at the prestigious BMI Awards show in London, with only Van Morrison's \"Brown Eyed Girl\" a close second at 8 million air plays.",
"Sting performed the song in front of an audience of 1.9 billion people at Live Aid in 1985, with Phil Collins providing additional vocals.",
"Sting performed it again, 20 years later, at Live 8."
] | [
2
] |
Abstract | What is marzipan commonly used for? | Marzipan | false | 9FOOD
| [
1,
2,
3,
5,
6,
7
] | [
"Marzipan is a confection consisting primarily of sugar or honey and almond meal, sometimes augmented with almond oil or extract.",
"It is often made into sweets; common uses are marzipan-filled chocolate and small marzipan imitations of fruits and vegetables.",
"It is also rolled into thin sheets and glazed for icing cakes, primarily birthday and wedding cakes and Christmas cakes.",
"This use is particularly common in England, on large fruitcakes.",
"Marzipan (or almond paste) may also be used as a cake ingredient, as in stollen.",
"In some countries, it is shaped into small figures of animals as a traditional treat for New Year's Day.",
"Marzipan is also used in Tortell, and in some versions of king cake eaten during the Carnival season.",
"Traditional Swedish Princess Cake is typically covered with a layer of marzipan that has been tinted pale green."
] | [
0
] |
Foreign relations and military | The Canadian volunteer military employs how many individuals? | Canada | true | 5COUNTRY
| [
0
] | [
"Canada currently employs a professional, volunteer military force of 68,250 active personnel and approximately 47,081 reserve personnel.",
"The unified Canadian Forces (CF) comprise the Canadian Army, Royal Canadian Navy, and Royal Canadian Air Force.",
"In 2011, Canada's military expenditure totalled approximately C$24.5 billion.",
"Canada and the United States share the world's longest undefended border, co-operate on military campaigns and exercises, and are each other's largest trading partner.",
"Canada nevertheless has an independent foreign policy, most notably maintaining full relations with Cuba and declining to officially participate in the 2003 invasion of Iraq.",
"Canada also maintains historic ties to the United Kingdom and France and to other former British and French colonies through Canada's membership in the Commonwealth of Nations and the Francophonie.",
"Canada is noted for having a positive relationship with the Netherlands, owing, in part, to its contribution to the Dutch liberation during World War II.",
"Canada's strong attachment to the British Empire and Commonwealth led to major participation in British military efforts in the Second Boer War, World War I and World War II.",
"Since then, Canada has been an advocate for multilateralism, making efforts to resolve global issues in collaboration with other nations.",
"Canada was a founding member of the United Nations in 1945 and of NATO in 1949.",
"During the Cold War, Canada was a major contributor to UN forces in the Korean War and founded the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) in co-operation with the United States to defend against potential aerial attacks from the Soviet Union.",
"During the Suez Crisis of 1956, future Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson eased tensions by proposing the inception of the United Nations Peacekeeping Force, for which he was awarded the 1957 Nobel Peace Prize.",
"As this was the first UN peacekeeping mission, Pearson is often credited as the inventor of the concept.",
"Canada has since served in 50 peacekeeping missions, including every UN peacekeeping effort until 1989, and has since maintained forces in international missions in Rwanda, the former Yugoslavia, and elsewhere; Canada has sometimes faced controversy over its involvement in foreign countries, notably in the 1993 Somalia Affair.",
"Canada joined the Organization of American States (OAS) in 1990 and hosted the OAS General Assembly in Windsor, Ontario, in June 2000 and the third Summit of the Americas in Quebec City in April 2001.",
"Canada seeks to expand its ties to Pacific Rim economies through membership in the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum (APEC).",
"In 2001, Canada deployed troops to Afghanistan as part of the US stabilization force and the UN-authorized, NATO-led International Security Assistance Force.",
"In all, Canada lost 158 soldiers, one diplomat, two aid workers, and one journalist during the ten year mission, which cost approximately C$11.3 billion.",
"In February 2007, Canada, Italy, the United Kingdom, Norway, and Russia announced their joint commitment to a $1.5-billion project to help develop vaccines for developing nations, and called on other countries to join them.",
"In August 2007, Canada's territorial claims in the Arctic were challenged after a Russian underwater expedition to the North Pole; Canada has considered that area to be sovereign territory since 1925.",
"Between March and October 2011, Canadian forces participated in a UN-mandated NATO intervention into the 2011 Libyan civil war."
] | [
5
] |
Credits and personnel | Who sang Where Have You Been? | Where Have You Been | true | 0MUSIC
| [
5
] | [
"Recording",
"Recorded at Eightysevenfourteen Studios, Los Angeles, California; Eyeknowasecret Studio, Brentwood, California.",
"Sample",
"Contains elements from the composition \"I've Been Everywhere\", written by Geoff Mack under Unichappel Music Inc (BMI).",
"Personnel",
"Vocals - Rihanna",
"Songwriting – Ester Dean, Lukasz Gottwald, Calvin Harris, Henry Walter, Geoff Mack",
"Production, instruments, programming – Dr. Luke, Cirkut, Calvin Harris",
"Vocal engineering and recording – Kuk Harrell, Marcos Tovar",
"Assistant vocal recording – Jennifer Rosales",
"Engineering – Aubry \"Big Juice\" Delaine, Clint Gibbs",
"Mixing – Serban Ghenea",
"Credits and personnel.",
"Credits adapted from the liner notes of \"Talk That Talk\", Def Jam Recordings, SRP Records."
] | [
4,
3
] |
World Taekwondo Federation | How are Taekwondo athletes divided in the World Taekwondo Federation? | Taekwondo | true | 4SPORT
| [
3
] | [
"Under World Taekwondo Federation and Olympic rules, sparring is a full-contact event and takes place between two competitors in an area measuring 8 meters square.",
"A win can occur by points, or if one competitor is unable to continue (knockout) the other competitor wins.",
"Each match consists of three semi-continuous rounds of contact, with one minute's rest between rounds.",
"There are two age categories: 14–17 years and 18 years and older.",
"Depending on the type of tournament and club, competitors may also wear fist protectors, foot protectors, instep guards, helmets, or mouth guards.",
"Points are awarded for permitted, accurate, and powerful techniques delivered to the legal scoring areas; light contact does not score any points.",
"The only techniques allowed are kicks (delivering a strike using an area of the foot below the ankle) and punches (delivering a strike using the closed fist).",
"In most competitions, points are awarded by three corner judges using electronic scoring tallies.",
"Several A-Class tournaments, however, are now experimenting with electronic scoring equipment contained within the competitors' body protectors.",
"This limits corner judges to scoring only attacks to the head.",
"Some believe that the new electronic scoring system will help to reduce controversy concerning judging decisions, but this technology is still not universally accepted.",
"Beginning in 2009, a kick or punch that makes contact with the opponent's \"hogu\" (the body guard that functions as a scoring target) scores one point.",
"If a kick to the \"hogu\" involves a technique that includes fully turning the attacking competitor's body, so that the back is fully exposed to the targeted competitor during execution of the technique (spinning kick), an additional point is awarded.",
"A kick to the head scores three points; as of October 2010 an additional point is awarded if a turning kick was used to execute this attack.",
"Punches to the head are not allowed.",
"As of March 2010, no additional points are awarded for knocking down an opponent (beyond the normal points awarded for legal strikes).",
"The referee can give penalties at any time for rule-breaking, such as hitting an area not recognized as a target, usually the legs or neck.",
"Penalties are divided into \"Kyong-go\" (warning penalty) and \"Gam-jeom\" (deduction penalty).",
"Two \"Kyong-go\" are counted as an addition of one point for the opposing contestant.",
"However, the final odd-numbered \"Kyong-go\" is not counted in the grand total.",
"At the end of three rounds, the competitor with most points wins the match.",
"In the event of a tie, a fourth \"sudden death\" overtime round, sometimes called a \"Golden Point\", is held to determine the winner after a one-minute rest period.",
"In this round, the first competitor to score a point wins the match.",
"If there is no score in the additional round, the winner is decided by superiority, as determined by the refereeing officials.",
"Until 2008, if one competitor gained a 7 point lead over the other, or if one competitor reached a total of 12 points, then that competitor was immediately declared the winner and the match ended.",
"These rules were abolished by the WTF at the start of 2009.",
"In October 2010 the WTF reintroduced a point-gap rule, stating that if a competitor has a 12-point lead at the end of the second round or achieves a 12-point lead at any point in the third round, then the match is over and that competitor is declared the winner."
] | [
5
] |
Work in Florence | What are the foreground figures done in? | Donatello | false | 3ART
| [
17
] | [
"In Florence, Donatello assisted Lorenzo Ghiberti with the statues of prophets for the north door of the Florence Baptistery, for which he received payment in November 1406 and early 1408.",
"In 1409–1411 he executed the colossal seated figure of \"Saint John the Evangelist\", which until 1588 occupied a niche of the old cathedral façade, and is now placed in the Museo dell'Opera del Duomo.",
"This work marks a decisive step forward from late Gothic Mannerism in the search for naturalism and the rendering of human feelings.",
"The face, the shoulders and the bust are still idealized, while the hands and the fold of cloth over the legs are more realistic.",
"In 1411–1413, Donatello worked on a statue of St. Mark for the guild church of Orsanmichele.",
"In 1417 he completed the \"Saint George\" for the Confraternity of the Cuirass-makers.",
"The elegant \"St. George and the Dragon\" relief on the statue's base, executed in schiacciato (a very low bas-relief) is one of the first examples of central-point perspective in sculpture.",
"From 1423 is the \"Saint Louis of Toulouse\" for the Orsanmichele, now in the Museum of the Basilica di Santa Croce.",
"Donatello had also sculpted the classical frame for this work, which remains, while the statue was moved in 1460 and replaced by \"Incredulity of Saint Thomas\" by Verrocchio.",
"Between 1415 and 1426, Donatello created five statues for the campanile of Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence, also known as the Duomo.",
"These works are the \"Beardless Prophet\"; \"Bearded Prophet\" (both from 1415); the \"Sacrifice of Isaac\" (1421); \"Habbakuk\" (1423–1425); and \"Jeremiah\" (1423–1426); which follow the classical models for orators and are characterized by strong portrait details.",
"From the late teens is the \"Pazzi Madonna\" relief in Berlin.",
"In 1425, he executed the notable \"Crucifix\" for Santa Croce; this work portrays Christ in a moment of the agony, eyes and mouth partially opened, the body contracted in an ungraceful posture.",
"From 1425–1427, Donatello collaborated with Michelozzo on the funerary monument of the Antipope John XXIII for the Battistero in Florence.",
"Donatello made the recumbent bronze figure of the deceased, under a shell.",
"In 1427, he completed in Pisa a marble relief for the funerary monument of Cardinal Rainaldo Brancacci at the church of Sant'Angelo a Nilo in Naples.",
"In the same period, he executed the relief of the \"Feast of Herod\" and the statues of \"Faith\" and \"Hope\" for the Baptistery of San Giovanni in Siena.",
"The relief is mostly in \"stiacciato\", with the foreground figures are done in bas-relief."
] | [
0
] |
Background | Who replaced Lola Glaudini after she left from the show, during season 2? | Criminal Minds | false | 1TV
| [
3,
4
] | [
"When the series premiered in 2005, it featured FBI Agents Jason Gideon (Mandy Patinkin), Aaron Hotchner (Thomas Gibson), Elle Greenaway (Lola Glaudini), Derek Morgan (Shemar Moore), Spencer Reid (Matthew Gray Gubler), Jennifer Jareau (A. J. Cook), and Penelope Garcia (Kirsten Vangsness).",
"During season one, Vangsness was not a part of the main cast, but instead appeared as a recurring star.",
"Since season two, she has been promoted to the main cast.",
"In season two (2006-07), Lola Glaudini announced her departure from the show, as she was unhappy living in Los Angeles and wished to return to Brooklyn.",
"She is replaced by Emily Prentiss (Paget Brewster), the daughter of an ambassador (Kate Jackson).",
"Although fans were initially wary of Lola Glaudini's departure, Paget Brewster's role in the show has received large praise from fans.",
"In season three, Patinkin announced his departure from the show, because he was deeply disturbed with the content depicted in the show.",
"He left apologetic letters for his fellow cast members explaining his reasons and wishing them luck.",
"He is replaced by David Rossi (Joe Mantegna), a former FBI agent and best-selling author.",
"Although fans were devastated with Mandy Patinkin's decision to leave, Joe Mantegna's role in the show has been well received, and fans eventually accepted him and his character.",
"In season four (2008-09), A. J. Cook became pregnant with her first child, fathered by her husband, Nathan Andersen.",
"Her pregnancy was written into the show, where Jennifer goes on maternity leave after giving birth to a son named Henry (played by A. J. Cook's real-life son, Mekhai Andersen).",
"Jordan Todd (Meta Golding), an FBI Agent from the Counterterrorism Unit, serves as Communications Liaison until Jennifer returns.",
"In season six, Jennifer is forced by Section Chief Erin Strauss (Jayne Atkinson) to accept a promotion at The Pentagon, causing her to leave the Behavioral Analysis Unit.",
"In episode ten, she is replaced by Ashley Seaver (Rachel Nichols), the daughter of a horrific serial killer known as \"The Redmond Ripper\".",
"Ashley transfers to the Domestic Trafficking Task Force after she graduates from the FBI academy.",
"Later in season six, Emily is seemingly killed off, although she actually survives, she does not appear at all for the rest of the season.",
"Also in season six, Jennifer returns twice as a special guest star.",
"In May 2011, CBS chose not to renew Rachel Nichols' contract for season seven (2011-12), due to her character's negative reception from fans.",
"The cause of A. J. Cook's and Paget Brewster's departure was CBS making a controversial decision to release them from their contracts, which caused numerous angry letters sent from the fans to the studio.",
"Because of this, A. J. Cook and Paget Brewster were re-hired by CBS, reprising as Jennifer Jareau and Emily Prentiss, respectively.",
"In February 2012, Paget Brewster announced her departure from the show after season seven and is replaced in season eight (2012-13) by Alex Blake (Jeanne Tripplehorn), a professor at Georgetown University.",
"Paget Brewster made a guest appearance in the show's 200th episode, reprising as Emily Prentiss."
] | [
3
] |
Education | What age group is England's Department of Education responsible for? | England | true | 5COUNTRY
| [
0
] | [
"The Department for Education is the government department responsible for issues affecting people in England up to the age of 19, including education.",
"State-run and -funded schools are attended by approximately 93% of English schoolchildren.",
"Of these, a minority are faith schools, primarily Church of England or Catholic.",
"Between three and four is nursery school, 4 and 11 is primary school, and 11 to 16 is secondary school.",
"After finishing compulsory education, pupils take a GCSE examination, following which they may decide to continue in further education for two years.",
"Further education colleges, such as sixth form colleges are either separate or attached to the secondary school institution and prepare students to sit A-Level examinations, for higher education at universities.",
"Although most English secondary schools are comprehensive, in some areas there are selective intake grammar schools, to which entrance is subject to passing the eleven plus exam.",
"Around 7.2% of English schoolchildren attend private schools, which are funded by private sources.",
"Standards in state schools are monitored by the Office for Standards in Education, and in private schools by the Independent Schools Inspectorate.",
"Students normally enter universities in the United Kingdom from 18 onwards, where they study for an academic degree.",
"There are over 90 universities in England, all but one of which are public.",
"The Department for Business, Innovation and Skills is the government department responsible for higher education in England.",
"Students are generally entitled to student loans for maintenance.",
"The first degree offered to undergraduates is the Bachelor's degree, which usually takes three years to complete.",
"Students are then eligible for a postgraduate degree, a Master's degree, taking one year, or a Doctorate degree, which takes three.",
"England's universities include some of the highest-ranked universities in the world; the University of Cambridge, Imperial College London, the University of Oxford and University College London are all ranked in the global top 10 in the 2010 \"QS World University Rankings\".",
"The London School of Economics has been described as the world's leading social science institution for both teaching and research.",
"The London Business School is considered one of the world's leading business schools and in 2010 its MBA programme was ranked best in the world by the \"Financial Times\".",
"Academic degrees in England are usually split into classes: first class (I), upper second class (II:1), lower second class (II:2) and third (III), and unclassified (below third class).",
"The King's School, Canterbury and King's School, Rochester are the oldest schools in the English-speaking world.",
"Many of England's better-known schools, such as Winchester College, Eton College, St Paul's School, Rugby School, and Harrow School are fee-paying institutions."
] | [
0
] |
Interior seating | How many people could the colosseum seat? | Colosseum | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
0
] | [
"According to the Codex-Calendar of 354, the Colosseum could accommodate 87,000 people, although modern estimates put the figure at around 50,000.",
"They were seated in a tiered arrangement that reflected the rigidly stratified nature of Roman society.",
"Special boxes were provided at the north and south ends respectively for the Emperor and the Vestal Virgins, providing the best views of the arena.",
"Flanking them at the same level was a broad platform or \"podium\" for the senatorial class, who were allowed to bring their own chairs.",
"The names of some 5th century senators can still be seen carved into the stonework, presumably reserving areas for their use.",
"The tier above the senators, known as the \"maenianum primum\", was occupied by the non-senatorial noble class or knights (\"equites\").",
"The next level up, the \"maenianum secundum\", was originally reserved for ordinary Roman citizens (\"plebeians\") and was divided into two sections.",
"The lower part (the \"immum\") was for wealthy citizens, while the upper part (the \"summum\") was for poor citizens.",
"Specific sectors were provided for other social groups: for instance, boys with their tutors, soldiers on leave, foreign dignitaries, scribes, heralds, priests and so on.",
"Stone (and later marble) seating was provided for the citizens and nobles, who presumably would have brought their own cushions with them.",
"Inscriptions identified the areas reserved for specific groups.",
"Another level, the \"maenianum secundum in legneis\", was added at the very top of the building during the reign of Domitian.",
"This comprised a gallery for the common poor, slaves and women.",
"It would have been either standing room only, or would have had very steep wooden benches.",
"Some groups were banned altogether from the Colosseum, notably gravediggers, actors and former gladiators.",
"Each tier was divided into sections (\"maeniana\") by curved passages and low walls (\"praecinctiones\" or \"baltei\"), and were subdivided into \"cunei\", or wedges, by the steps and aisles from the vomitoria.",
"Each row (\"gradus\") of seats was numbered, permitting each individual seat to be exactly designated by its gradus, cuneus, and number."
] | [
5
] |
Casualties and survivors | On the Titanic, who was the only first-class child to perish? | Sinking of the RMS Titanic | true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
9
] | [
"The number of casualties of the sinking is unclear, due to a number of factors, including confusion over the passenger list, which included some names of people who cancelled their trip at the last minute, and the fact that several passengers travelled under aliases for various reasons and were double-counted on the casualty lists.",
"The death toll has been put at between 1,490 and 1,635 people.",
"The figures below are from the British Board of Trade report on the disaster.",
"Less than a third of those aboard \"Titanic\" survived the disaster.",
"Some survivors died shortly afterwards; injuries and the effects of exposure caused the deaths of several of those brought aboard \"Carpathia\".",
"Of the groups shown in the table, 49% of the children, 26% of the female passengers, 82% of the male passengers and 78% of the crew died.",
"The figures show stark differences in the survival rates of the different classes aboard \"Titanic\".",
"Although only 3 percent of first-class women were lost, 54% of those in third class died.",
"Similarly, five of six first-class and all second-class children survived, but 52 of the 79 in third class perished.",
"The only first-class child to perish was Loraine Allison, aged 2.",
"Proportionately, the heaviest losses were suffered by the second-class men, of whom 92% died.",
"Additionally, among the pets brought aboard three survived the sinking."
] | [
3
] |
SeaWorld response | What was the reason that SeaWorld filed a complaint with the Department of Labor against an OSHA worker? | Blackfish (film) | false | 6MOVIES
| [
8
] | [
"SeaWorld Entertainment refused to take part in the production of \"Blackfish\", and later claimed the film was inaccurate, saying in a statement:SeaWorld responded further with an open letter rebutting the claims.",
"The Oceanic Preservation Society and The Orca Project, a non-profit focusing on orca in captivity, responded with open letters criticizing SeaWorld's claims.",
"Marine researcher Debbie Giles also offered rebuttals to SeaWorld, finding its assertions inaccurate.",
"SeaWorld also created a section of its website titled \"Truth About Blackfish,\" addressing the claims stated above and highlighting other problems with the film:",
"The implication that SeaWorld separates mothers and very young calves, pointing out that Tillikum was not collected by SeaWorld; that Takara was 12 years old when moved and Kalina was moved when she was over 4 years old.",
"The inclusion of a SeaWorld video of a female trainer riding a killer whale, while one of the cast members, Samantha Berg, talks about her experience at Shamu Stadium, pointing out that the segment implies that Berg had relevant experience when the video used in the film was actually shot 10 years \"after\" Berg had left SeaWorld (The trainer depicted in the video is not Berg but rather a current SeaWorld employee at the time of \"Blackfish\"'s production).",
"The film's use of animal rights activists who have aggressively campaigned against marine mammal display and have no expertise with killer whale behavior in captivity, specifically Howard Garrett, Lori Marino and Ken Balcomb; the film's reliance on statements by David Duffus, a professor of geography whom Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s (OSHA) Judge Kenneth Welsch found \"has no expertise in the training of captive killer whales.\"",
"The film's use of false and misleading statements about the circumstances of Brancheau’s death, specifically the opening sequence's separate generic training and performance footage edited together and synched with actual 911 calls, \"to mislead the audience into believing it is viewing the actual footage of Ms. Brancheau swimming with Tilikum prior to the fatal incident,\" when the opening sequence does not depict either Brancheau or Tilikum, or even an attack, and that no one was ever allowed to swim in the water with Tilikum, including Brancheau; and the use of an edited recording of an EMT technician, subsequently proved to be mistaken, suggesting that Tilikum swallowed Brancheau’s arm during the attack.",
"On February 27, 2014, SeaWorld filed a complaint with the U.S. Department of Labor, claiming the Occupational Safety and Health Administration investigator who investigated Brancheau's death had behaved unethically by aiding the filmmakers.",
"Cowperthwaite denied claims of improper collaboration.",
"In March 2014, Cowperthwaite responded with rebuttals to several but not all of SeaWorld's website claims and challenged SeaWorld to a public debate."
] | [
0
] |
Early changes and expansions | What game show appeared in the first year of Disney California Adventure | Disney California Adventure | true | 2TRAVEL
| [
1
] | [
"Two of the park's major criticisms in its first year were the lack of attractions appealing to children and the lack of a show or parade at night to keep visitors from leaving at nightfall.",
"Within the first year of operation, Disney's Electrical Parade and Who Wants to Be a Millionaire – Play It!",
"were brought to the park, and several of its original rides and attractions were closed, including Superstar Limo and \"Disney's Steps in Time\".",
"Attractions for children were immediately added including A Bug's Land, The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror, and more costumed characters around the park.",
"Monsters, Inc. Mike & Sulley to the Rescue!",
"opened in the former Superstar Limo building in January 2006."
] | [
0
] |
Geography | How many regions is Lebanon divided into? | Lebanon | false | 5COUNTRY
| [
3
] | [
"Lebanon is located in Western Asia between latitudes 33° and 35° N and longitudes 35° and 37° E. The country's surface area is of which is land.",
"Lebanon has a coastline and border of on the Mediterranean sea to the west, a border shared with Syria to the north and east and a long border with Israel to the south.",
"The border with the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights is disputed by Lebanon in a small area called Shebaa Farms.",
"Lebanon is divided into four distinct physiographic regions: the coastal plain, the Lebanon mountain range, the Beqaa valley and the Anti-Lebanon mountains.",
"The narrow and discontinuous coastal plain stretches from the Syrian border in the north where it widens to form the Akkar plain to Ras al-Naqoura at the border with Israel in the south.",
"The fertile coastal plain is formed of marine sediments and river deposited alluvium alternating with sandy bays and rocky beaches.",
"The Lebanon mountains rise steeply parallel to the Mediterranean coast and form a ridge of limestone and sandstone that runs for most of the country's length.",
"The mountain range varies in width between and ; it is carved by narrow and deep gorges.",
"The Lebanon mountains peak at above sea level in Qurnat as Sawda' in North Lebanon and gradually slope to the south before rising again to a height of in Mount Sannine.",
"The Beqaa valley sits between the Lebanon mountains in the west and the Anti-Lebanon range in the east; it's a part of the Great Rift Valley system.",
"The valley is long and wide, its fertile soil is formed by alluvial deposits.",
"The Anti-Lebanon range runs parallel to the Lebanon mountains, its highest peak is in Mount Hermon at .",
"The mountains of Lebanon are drained by seasonal torrents and rivers foremost of which is the long Leontes that rises in the Beqaa Valley to the west of Baalbek and empties into the Mediterranean Sea north of Tyre."
] | [
5
] |
UN forces cross partition line (September – October 1950) | What person ordered caution at the Sino-Korean border? | Korean War | true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
16
] | [
"UN forces cross partition line (September – October 1950).",
"On 27 September, MacArthur received the top secret National Security Council Memorandum 81/1 from Truman reminding him that operations north of the 38th parallel were authorized only if \"at the time of such operation there was no entry into North Korea by major Soviet or Chinese Communist forces, no announcements of intended entry, nor a threat to counter our operations militarily...\" On 29 September MacArthur restored the government of the Republic of Korea under Syngman Rhee.",
"On 30 September, Defense Secretary George Marshall sent an eyes-only message to MacArthur: \"We want you to feel unhampered tactically and strategically to proceed north of the 38th parallel.\"",
"During October, the ROK police executed people who were suspected to be sympathetic to North Korea, and similar massacres were carried out until early 1951.",
"On 30 September, Zhou Enlai warned the U.S. that China was prepared to intervene in Korea if the U.S. crossed the 38th parallel.",
"Zhou attempted to advise North Korean commanders on how to conduct a general withdrawal by using the same tactics which had allowed Chinese communist forces to successfully escape Chiang Kai-shek's Encirclement Campaigns in the 1930s, but by some accounts North Korean commanders did not utilize these tactics effectively.",
"Bruce Cumings argues, however, the KPA's rapid withdrawal was strategic, with troops melting into the mountains from where they could launch guerrilla raids on the UN forces spread out on the coasts.",
"By 1 October 1950, the UN Command repelled the KPA northwards past the 38th parallel; the ROK Army crossed after them, into North Korea.",
"MacArthur made a statement demanding the KPA's unconditional surrender.",
"Six days later, on 7 October, with UN authorization, the UN Command forces followed the ROK forces northwards.",
"The X Corps landed at Wonsan (in southeastern North Korea) and Riwon (in northeastern North Korea), already captured by ROK forces.",
"The Eighth U.S. Army and the ROK Army drove up western Korea and captured Pyongyang city, the North Korean capital, on 19 October 1950.",
"The 187th Airborne Regimental Combat Team (\"Rakkasans\") made their first of two combat jumps during the Korean War on 20 October 1950 at Sunchon and Sukchon.",
"The missions of the 187th were to cut the road north going to China, preventing North Korean leaders from escaping from Pyongyang; and to rescue American prisoners of war.",
"At month's end, UN forces held 135,000 KPA prisoners of war.",
"Taking advantage of the UN Command's strategic momentum against the communists, General MacArthur believed it necessary to extend the Korean War into China to destroy depots supplying the North Korean war effort.",
"President Truman disagreed, and ordered caution at the Sino-Korean border."
] | [
0
] |
DVD/Blu-ray releases | What was the release date for the first two season of Big Bang Theory on Blu-Ray/DVD combo packs? | The Big Bang Theory | true | 1TV
| [
1
] | [
" Despite the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth seasons receiving Blu-ray releases in conjunction with their DVD releases, the first and second seasons were only available on DVD upon their time of release.",
"Warner Bros. has since released the first two seasons on Blu-ray/DVD combo packs with UltraViolet downloads on July 10, 2012.",
"All of the episodes from seasons 1 & 2 on Blu-ray received newly remastered surround-sound audio, with the first season sporting a never-before-seen gag reel, which was not included during the initial first season DVD release."
] | [
0
] |
Block signals | How are beach volleyball block signals hidden from the opposing team? | Beach volleyball | false | 4SPORT
| [
1
] | [
"Beach volleyball players use hand signals to indicate the type of block they intend to make.",
"Block signals are made behind the back to hide them from the opposing team.",
"They are usually given with both hands by the serving player's partner prior to the serve, with each hand referring to the type of block that should be put up against an attack from the corresponding opponent.",
"A player may also \"wiggle\" or \"flash\" one block signal to indicate which opponent to serve to.",
"If the server is the designated blocker, he or she may run up to the net to block after serving.",
"Otherwise, the signaling player will perform the block.",
"Block signals may also be given during a rally while the opposing team is preparing their attack."
] | [
5
] |
Electron microscopy | The first commercial scanning election microscope was developed in what year? | Microscope | true | 8SCIENCE
| [
7
] | [
"In the early 1900s a significant alternative to light microscopy was developed, using electrons rather than light to generate the image.",
"Ernst Ruska started development of the first electron microscope in 1931 which was the transmission electron microscope (TEM).",
"The transmission electron microscope works on the same principle as an optical microscope but uses electrons in the place of light and electromagnets in the place of glass lenses.",
"Use of electrons instead of light allows a much higher resolution.",
"Development of the transmission electron microscope was quickly followed in 1935 by the development of the scanning electron microscope by Max Knoll.",
"Electron microscopes quickly became popular following the Second World War.",
"Ernst Ruska, working at Siemens developed the first commercial transmission electron microscope and major scientific conferences on electron microscopy started being held in the 1950s.",
"In 1965 the first commercial scanning electron microscope was developed by Professor Sir Charles Oatley and his postgraduate student Gary Stewart and marketed by the Cambridge Instrument Company as the \"Stereoscan\"."
] | [
0
] |
Abstract | What year is time travel invented in the movie? | Looper (film) | true | 6MOVIES
| [
1
] | [
"Looper (film)Looper is a 2012 American science fiction action thriller film written and directed by Rian Johnson and starring Bruce Willis, Joseph Gordon-Levitt, and Emily Blunt.",
"In the film, time travel is invented by the year 2074 and, though immediately outlawed, is used by criminal organizations to send those they want killed into the past where they are killed by \"loopers\", assassins paid with silver bars strapped to their targets.",
"Joe, a looper, encounters himself when his older self is sent back in time to be killed.",
"\"Looper\" was selected as the opening film of the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival.",
"It was released to positive reviews in Australia on September 27, 2012, and in the US and the UK on September 28, 2012 by TriStar Pictures and FilmDistrict in the US, and Entertainment One in the UK."
] | [
0
] |
Healthcare | About what percentage of the UK GDP is spent on healthcare? | United Kingdom | false | 5COUNTRY
| [
7
] | [
"Healthcare in the United Kingdom is a devolved matter and each country has its own system of private and publicly funded health care, together with alternative, holistic and complementary treatments.",
"Public healthcare is provided to all UK permanent residents and is mostly free at the point of need, being paid for from general taxation.",
"The World Health Organization, in 2000, ranked the provision of healthcare in the United Kingdom as fifteenth best in Europe and eighteenth in the world.",
"Regulatory bodies are organised on a UK-wide basis such as the General Medical Council, the Nursing and Midwifery Council and non-governmental-based, such as the Royal Colleges.",
"However, political and operational responsibility for healthcare lies with four national executives; healthcare in England is the responsibility of the UK Government; healthcare in Northern Ireland is the responsibility of the Northern Ireland Executive; healthcare in Scotland is the responsibility of the Scottish Government; and healthcare in Wales is the responsibility of the Welsh Assembly Government.",
"Each National Health Service has different policies and priorities, resulting in contrasts.",
"Since 1979 expenditure on healthcare has been increased significantly to bring it closer to the European Union average.",
"The UK spends around 8.4 per cent of its gross domestic product on healthcare, which is 0.5 percentage points below the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development average and about one percentage point below the average of the European Union."
] | [
0
] |
Animation Courtyard | The Courtyard section hosts how many live shows? | Disney's Hollywood Studios | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
12
] | [
"This section of the park originally was the starting point for the tours of the park's active production studios.",
"Its entrance is marked by a square \"studio arch,\" much like a real Hollywood studio lot entrance might be marked.",
"The Animation Courtyard is home to a number of attractions based on Disney characters.",
"The Magic of Disney Animation is an attraction that examines the development process of an animated character.",
"It also includes interactive games and exhibits, along with meet-and-greet areas for Disney and Pixar characters.",
"When the park first opened in 1989, the \"Feature Animation\" pavilion of \"The Magic of Disney Animation,\" designed originally by award winning experience designer Bob Rogers (designer) and the design team BRC Imagination Arts, included four connected experiences which explored the legacy of Disney animation.",
"The tour commenced with a short film, entitled \"Back to Neverland,\" in which Veteran newscaster, Walter Cronkite and comedian Robin Williams described the animation process by turning Williams into an animated character in the form of one of the \"Lost Boys\" of Peter Pan.",
"Following that introductory film, guest would witness the process of animation, first-hand, from elevated, glass-enclosed walkways within one of Disney's actual animation studios, located on the park grounds.",
"The third segment of the animation tour was a short film in which Disney Animators described the joy of the art of animation.",
"A finale film, entitled \"Classic Disney\" presented a montage of key moments from classic animated Disney films.",
"Mickey Avenue, a sub-section of Animation Courtyard, is home to a walk-through exhibit, , which explores the life and legacy of Walt Disney through photos, models, rare artifacts, and a short biographical film narrated by Julie Andrews.",
"The Legend of Captain Jack Sparrow, is an immersive special effects attraction centered on the adventures of Captain Jack Sparrow from the \"Pirates of the Caribbean\" series.",
"The Courtyard section also hosts two live shows.",
"\"Disney Junior Live on Stage!\"",
"entertains guests with puppet characters from the \"Disney Junior\" block of programming on The Disney Channel, including Mickey Mouse Clubhouse, Doc McStuffins, and Sofia the First.",
"Across the plaza, \"Voyage of the Little Mermaid\" uses glow-in-the-dark puppets, lasers, music, projectors, human actors and water effects to re-create favorite scenes and songs from the animated \"Little Mermaid\" film."
] | [
5
] |
Assessment of the battle | During Operation Fortitude what was the purpose of the deception? | Invasion of Normandy | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
8
] | [
"The Normandy landings were the first successful opposed landings across the English Channel in over eight centuries.",
"They were costly in terms of men, but the defeat inflicted on the Germans was one of the largest of the war.",
"Strategically, the campaign led to the loss of the German position in most of France and the secure establishment of a new major front.",
"In larger context the Normandy landings helped the Soviets on the Eastern front, who were facing the bulk of the German forces and, to a certain extent, contributed to the shortening of the conflict there.",
"Although there was a shortage of artillery ammunition, at no time were the Allies critically short of any necessity.",
"This was a remarkable achievement considering they did not hold a port until Cherbourg fell.",
"By the time of the breakout the Allies also enjoyed a considerable superiority in numbers of troops (approximately 7:2) and armoured vehicles (approximately 4:1) which helped overcome the natural advantages the terrain gave to the German defenders.",
"Allied intelligence and counterintelligence efforts were successful beyond expectations.",
"The Operation Fortitude deception before the invasion kept German attention focused on the Pas de Calais, and indeed high-quality German forces were kept in this area, away from Normandy, until July.",
"Prior to the invasion, few German reconnaissance flights took place over Britain, and those that did saw only the dummy staging areas.",
"Ultra decrypts of German communications had been helpful as well, exposing German dispositions and revealing their plans such as the Mortain counterattack.",
"Allied air operations also contributed significantly to the invasion, via close tactical support, interdiction of German lines of communication (preventing timely movement of supplies and reinforcements—particularly the critical Panzer units), and rendering the Luftwaffe ineffective in Normandy.",
"Although the impact upon armoured vehicles was less than expected, air activity intimidated these units and cut their supplies.",
"Despite initial heavy losses in the assault phase, Allied morale remained high.",
"Casualty rates among all the armies were tremendous, and the Commonwealth forces had to use a recently created category—Double Intense—to be able to describe them."
] | [
0
] |
Transportation | What were the main modes of getting coal to rivers for shipment? | Industrial Revolution | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
1
] | [
"At the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, inland transport was by navigable rivers and roads, with coastal vessels employed to move heavy goods by sea.",
"Railways or wagon ways were used for conveying coal to rivers for further shipment, but canals had not yet been constructed.",
"Animals supplied all of the motive power on land, with sails providing the motive power on the sea.",
"The Industrial Revolution improved Britain's transport infrastructure with a turnpike road network, a canal and waterway network, and a railway network.",
"Raw materials and finished products could be moved more quickly and cheaply than before.",
"Improved transportation also allowed new ideas to spread quickly."
] | [
0
] |
World War II | What become the basis of early Soviet and American rocket designs after the second world war? | Space Race | true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
11,
12
] | [
"World War II.",
"The Space Race can trace its origins to Germany, beginning in the 1930s and continuing during World War II when Nazi Germany researched and built operational ballistic missiles.",
"Starting in the early 1930s, during the last stages of the Weimar Republic, German aerospace engineers experimented with liquid-fueled rockets, with the goal that one day they would be capable of reaching high altitudes and traversing long distances.",
"The head of the German Army's Ballistics and Munitions Branch, Lieutenant Colonel Karl Emil Becker, gathered a small team of engineers that included Walter Dornberger and Leo Zanssen, to figure out how to use rockets as long-range artillery in order to get around the Treaty of Versailles' ban on research and development of long-range cannons.",
"Wernher von Braun, a young engineering prodigy, was recruited by Becker and Dornberger to join their secret army program at Kummersdorf-West in 1932.",
"Von Braun had dreams about conquering outer space with rockets, and did not initially see the military value in missile technology.",
"During the Second World War, General Dornberger was the military head of the army's rocket program, Zanssen became the commandant of the Peenemünde army rocket centre, and von Braun was the technical director of the ballistic missile program.",
"They would lead the team that built the Aggregate-4 (A-4) rocket, which became the first vehicle to reach outer space during its test flight program in 1942 and 1943.",
"By 1943, Germany began mass-producing the A-4 as the Vergeltungswaffe 2 (\"Vengeance Weapon\" 2, or more commonly, V2), a ballistic missile with a range carrying a warhead at .",
"Its supersonic speed meant there was no defense against it, and radar detection provided little warning.",
"Germany used the weapon to bombard southern England and parts of Allied-liberated western Europe from 1944 until 1945.",
"After the war, the V-2 became the basis of early American and Soviet rocket designs.",
"At war's end, American, British, and Soviet scientific intelligence teams competed to capture Germany's rocket engineers along with the German rockets themselves and the designs on which they were based.",
"Each of the Allies captured a share of the available members of the German rocket team, but the United States benefited the most with Operation Paperclip, recruiting von Braun and most of his engineering team, who later helped develop the American missile and space exploration programs.",
"The United States also acquired a large number of complete V2 rockets."
] | [
0
] |
Abstract | Where was the film Wadjda filmed? | Wadjda | false | 6MOVIES
| [
1
] | [
"Wadjda () is a 2012 Saudi Arabian–German film, written and directed by Haifaa al-Mansour.",
"It is the first feature film shot entirely in Saudi Arabia and is the first feature-length film made by a female Saudi director.",
"It has won numerous awards at film festivals around the world.",
"The film was selected as the Saudi Arabian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 86th Academy Awards, but it was not nominated.",
"It was the first time Saudi Arabia submitted a film for the Best Foreign Language Oscar."
] | [
4
] |
Top ten lists | "The Act of Killing" was ranked the number 1 film in 2013 by what 4 critics? | The Act of Killing | false | 6MOVIES
| [
2,
3,
4,
5
] | [
"",
"\"The Act of Killing\" has been named as one of the best films of 2013 by various critics:",
" 1st – \"Sight & Sound\"",
" 1st – The Guardian",
" 1st – LA Weekly",
" 1st – Nick Schager, \"The A.V.",
"Club\"",
" 2nd – Mark Kermode, \"The Observer\"",
" 3rd – David Edelstein, \"New York\"",
" 3rd – David Sexton, \"London Evening Standard\"",
" 4th – Eric Kohn, \"Indiewire\"",
" 4th – People Magazine",
" 7th – Bill Goodykoontz, \"Arizona Republic\"",
" 7th – A.",
"A. Dowd, \"The A.V.",
"Club\"",
" 7th – David Chen – slashfilm.com \"[http://www.slashfilm.com/the-filmcasts-top-10-films-of-2013/]\"",
" 8th – Sam Adams, \"The A.V.",
"Club\"",
" 8th – Ignatiy Vishnevetsky, \"The A.V.",
"Club\"",
" 8th – Richard Corliss, \"Time\"",
" 10th – \"Time Out London\"",
" 10th – Devindra Hardawar – slashfilm.com \"[http://www.slashfilm.com/the-filmcasts-top-10-films-of-2013/]\""
] | [
0
] |
Funeral | If we went to see Kennedy's coffin, where would we go? | Assassination of John F. Kennedy | true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
2
] | [
"The state funeral took place in Washington, DC during the three days that followed the assassination.",
"The body of President Kennedy was brought back to Washington, D.C. and placed in the East Room of the White House for 24 hours.",
"On the Sunday after the assassination, his coffin was carried on a horse-drawn caisson to the U.S. Capitol to lie in state.",
"Throughout the day and night, hundreds of thousands lined up to view the guarded casket.",
"Representatives from over 90 countries attended the state funeral on Monday, November 25.",
"After the Requiem Mass at St. Matthew's Cathedral, the late President was laid to rest at Arlington National Cemetery in Virginia."
] | [
4
] |
Young Turk revolution | Who was forced to readopt the Ottoman constitution of 1876? | Balkan Wars | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
2
] | [
"It is no surprise that the \"Young Turk\" revolution occurred in the troubled European provinces of the Empire.",
"There the threat to its integrity was the most pronounced, and the need for reforms was most evident.",
"When the revolt broke out, it was supported by intellectuals, the army, and almost all the ethnic minorities of the Empire, and forced Sultan Abdul Hamid II to re-adopt the long defunct Ottoman constitution of 1876, ushering in the Second Constitutional Era.",
"Hopes were raised among the Balkan ethnicities of reforms and autonomy, and elections were held to form a representative, multi-ethnic, Ottoman parliament.",
"However, following the Sultan's attempted counter-coup, the liberal element of the Young Turks was sidelined and the nationalist element became dominant.",
"At the same time, in October 1908, Austria-Hungary seized the opportunity of the Ottoman political upheaval to annex the \"de jure\" Ottoman province of Bosnia and Herzegovina, which it had occupied since 1878 (see \"Bosnian Crisis\"), and Bulgaria declared itself a fully independent kingdom.",
"The Greeks of the autonomous Cretan State proclaimed unification with Greece, though the opposition of the Great Powers prevented the latter action from taking practical effect."
] | [
3
] |
Ratings | The premiere episode of Falling Skies was watched by how many people? | Falling Skies | true | 1TV
| [
0
] | [
"The two-hour premiere of \"Falling Skies\" was watched by 5.9 million viewers, making it cable television's biggest series launch of the year, with more than 2.6 million adults 18–49 and 3.2 million adults 25–54.",
"The eighth episode was watched by 4.31 million viewers and scored a 1.5 ratings share among adults 18-49 and \"Falling Skies\" became TNT's highest rated series in target demos.",
"The first season finale received 5.6 million viewers, the highest rated episode since the series premiere; with 2.5 million viewers in the 18–49 demographic.",
"The first season tied with the FX series \"American Horror Story\" as the biggest new cable series of the year among adults 18-49.",
"In the UK, it premiered on non-terrestrial channel FX, with 402,000 viewers."
] | [
5
] |
Accolades | Who was nominated for an Academy Award for Batman Begins? | Batman Begins | true | 6MOVIES
| [
0
] | [
"Wally Pfister was nominated for Best Cinematography at the 78th Academy Awards, receiving the film's only Academy Award nomination.",
"The film received three nominations at the 59th British Academy Film Awards.",
"Just months after its release, \"Batman Begins\" was voted by \"Empire\" readers as the 36th greatest film of all time.",
"In 2006, the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers honored James Newton Howard, Hans Zimmer, and Ramin Djawadi with an ASCAP award for composing a film that became one of the top grossing films of 2005.",
"The film was awarded three Saturn Awards in 2006 as well: Best Fantasy Film, Best Actor for Christian Bale, and Best Writing for Nolan and Goyer.",
"Christian Bale would go on to win an MTV Movie Award for Best Hero.",
"However, Katie Holmes's performance was not well received, and she was nominated for a Razzie Award for Worst Supporting Actress.",
"\"Batman Begins\" won the fan-based \"Total Film\" award for Best Film.",
"In November 2008, \"Empire\" ranked \"Batman Begins\" 81 in its 500 Greatest Movies of All Time list."
] | [
3
] |
Types | What differentiates the gulai and kalio ingredients? | Rendang | false | 9FOOD
| [
2
] | [
"In Minangkabau culinary tradition, there are three recognised stages in cooking meat in spicy coconut milk.",
"The dish which results is categorised according to the liquid content of the cooked coconut milk, which ranges from the most wet and soupy to the most dry: Gulai — Kalio — Rendang.",
"The ingredients of gulai, kalio and rendang are almost identical with the exceptions that gulai usually has less red chilli pepper and more turmeric, while rendang has richer spices.",
"If pieces of meat are cooked in spicy coconut milk and the process stopped right when the meat is done and the coconut milk has reached its boiling point, the dish is called gulai.",
"If the process continues until the coconut milk is partly evaporated and the meat has begun to brown, then you have kalio.",
"For a traditional dry rendang, the process continues hours beyond this, until the liquid has all but completely evaporated and the color turns to a dark brown, almost black color.",
"Thus not only liquid content but also colour indicate which type of rendang is involved: gulai is light yellow, kalio is brown, and rendang is very dark brown.",
"Today one mostly only finds two simpler categories of rendang: either dry or wet."
] | [
0
] |
Descriptions of painting | When were Picassos best works made? | Dora Maar au Chat | false | 3ART
| [
9
] | [
"",
"\"Dora Maar au Chat\" presents the artist's most mysterious and challenging mistress regally posed three-quarter length in a large wooden chair with a small black cat perched behind her in both an amusing and menacing attitude.",
"The faceted planes of her body and richly layered surface of brushstrokes impart a monumental and sculptural quality to this portrait.",
"The painting is also remarkable for its brilliance of colour and the complex and dense patterning of the model's dress.",
"The powerful figure is set in a dramatic, yet simple setting composed of a vertiginously inclined plane of wooden floorboards and shallow interior space that is arranged in a manner reminiscent of Picasso’s earliest manipulations of space in a cubist manner.",
"\"Dora Maar au Chat\" is one of Picasso’s most valued depictions of his lover and artistic companion.",
"Their partnership had been one of intellectual exchange and intense passion—Dora was an artist, spoke Picasso’s native Spanish, and shared his political concerns.",
"She even assisted with the execution of the monumental \"Guernica\" and produced the only photo-documentary of the work in progress.",
"She was an intellectual force – a characteristic that both stimulated and challenged Picasso and her influence on him resulted in some of his most powerful and daring portraits of his 75-year career.",
"Among the best of them are the oils completed during the late 1930s and early 1940s, when Picasso’s art resonated with the drama and emotional upheaval of the era and which Dora came to personify.",
"The luminous \"Dora Maar au Chat\" was painted in 1941, at the beginning of the Second World War in France .",
"Maar was one of the most influential figures in Picasso’s life during their relationship and she also became his primary model.",
"By the time he painted the present picture he had incorporated Dora Maar’s image into countless versions of this motif.",
"During the occupation of Paris by the Nazis, and as tension mounted in their relationship, the artist would express his frustration by furiously abstracting her image, often portraying her in tears.",
"While the present portrait might seem a departure from Picasso's more hostile depictions of this model, it may be one of his most brilliant and biting provocations of his \"Weeping Woman\".",
"Picasso once likened Maar’s allure and temperament to that of an “Afghan cat”, and the cat in this picture is laden with significance.",
"In the history of art, the pairing of cats and women was an allusion to feminine wiles and sexual aggression, as exemplified in Manet’s notorious \"Olympia\".",
"It is also interesting to consider that the artist has paid particular attention to the sharp, talon-like nails on the long fingers of his model.",
"In life Maar’s well-manicured hands were one of her most beautiful and distinctive features, and here they have taken on another, more violent characteristic.",
"In addition to being a rare, three-quarter length portrait of Dora Maar, the present work is also a generous and painterly composition with an extraordinary attention to detail.",
"The artist used an extraordinarily vibrant palette in his rendering of the angles of the chair and the patterning of Maar’s dress.",
"The most embellished and symbolic element of the sitter’s wardrobe in this picture is her hat, Maar’s most famous accessory and signifier of her involvement in the Surrealist movement.",
"Ceremoniously placed atop her head like a crown, it is festooned with colourful plumes and outlined with a band of vibrant red.",
"Larger than life, an impression enhanced by her vibrant body that cannot be confined by the boundaries of the chair, Maar looms in this picture like a pagan goddess seated on her throne."
] | [
2
] |
Armoured reserves | Why were the Panzer division commanders unable to move on June 6? | Invasion of Normandy | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
14
] | [
"Rommel's defensive measures were also frustrated by a dispute over armoured doctrine.",
"In addition to his two army groups, von Rundstedt also commanded the headquarters of \"Panzer Group West\" under General Leo Geyr von Schweppenburg (usually referred to as \"von Geyr\").",
"This formation was nominally an administrative HQ for von Rundstedt's armoured and mobile formations, but it was later to be renamed Fifth Panzer Army and brought into the line in Normandy.",
"Von Geyr and Rommel disagreed over the deployment and use of the vital Panzer divisions.",
"Rommel recognised that the Allies would possess air superiority and would be able to harass his movements from the air.",
"He therefore proposed that the armoured formations be deployed close to the invasion beaches.",
"In his words, it was better to have one Panzer division facing the invaders on the first day, than three Panzer divisions three days later when the Allies would already have established a firm beachhead.",
"Von Geyr argued for the standard doctrine that the Panzer formations should be concentrated in a central position around Paris and Rouen, and deployed \"en masse\" against the main Allied beachhead when this had been identified.",
"The argument was eventually brought before Hitler for arbitration.",
"He characteristically imposed an unworkable compromise solution.",
"Only three Panzer divisions were given to Rommel, too few to cover all the threatened sectors.",
"The remainder, nominally under Von Geyr's control, were actually designated as being in \"OKW Reserve\".",
"Only three of these were deployed close enough to intervene immediately against any invasion of Northern France; the other four were dispersed in southern France and the Netherlands.",
"Hitler reserved to himself the authority to move the divisions in OKW Reserve, or commit them to action.",
"On 6 June many Panzer division commanders were unable to move because Hitler had not given the necessary authorisation, and his staff refused to wake him upon news of the invasion."
] | [
1
] |
Literature | Name an occasion on which the Czech literature and culture was a major influence. | Czech Republic | true | 5COUNTRY
| [
3,
4
] | [
"Czech literature is the literature written by Czechs, mostly in the Czech language, although other languages like Old Church Slavonic, Latin or German have been also used, especially in the past.",
"Non-Czech inhabitants of the Czech lands who had written in German and other languages, such as Franz Kafka, are usually excluded from the corpus of Czech literature, regardless of their own national self-identification.",
"Czech literature is divided into several main time periods: the Middle Ages; the Hussite period; the years of re-Catholicization and the baroque; the Enlightenment and Czech reawakening in the 19th century; the avantgarde of the interwar period; the years under Communism and the Prague Spring; and the literature of the post-Communist Czech Republic.",
"Czech literature and culture played a major role on at least two occasions, when Czechs lived under oppression and political activity was suppressed.",
"On both of these occasions, in the early 19th century and then again in the 1960s, the Czechs used their cultural and literary effort to strive for political freedom, establishing a confident, politically aware nation.",
"A famous antiwar comedy novel \"The Good Soldier Švejk\" by Jaroslav Hašek is the most translated Czech book in history.",
"It was depicted by Karel Steklý in two color films \"The Good Soldier Schweik\" in 1956 and 1957."
] | [] |
"Tampopo" | What type of shop does the widow have? | Ramen | false | 9FOOD
| [
2
] | [
"Use in motion pictures.",
"The production and consumption of ramen was a large part of the 1985 Japanese comedy film \"Tampopo\" by director Juzo Itami.",
"Two truck drivers, Goro and Gun (Tsutomu Yamazaki and Ken Watanabe), help the widowed Tampopo (Nobuko Miyamoto) with her failing ramen shop.",
"Food in every aspect of life is the overarching theme, but the art of good ramen is touched upon several times throughout the film as Goro and Gun help her learn how to make the best ramen."
] | [
0
] |
Early changes and expansions | What game show was brought in the first year of operation? | Disney California Adventure | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
1
] | [
"Two of the park's major criticisms in its first year were the lack of attractions appealing to children and the lack of a show or parade at night to keep visitors from leaving at nightfall.",
"Within the first year of operation, Disney's Electrical Parade and Who Wants to Be a Millionaire – Play It!",
"were brought to the park, and several of its original rides and attractions were closed, including Superstar Limo and \"Disney's Steps in Time\".",
"Attractions for children were immediately added including A Bug's Land, The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror, and more costumed characters around the park.",
"Monsters, Inc. Mike & Sulley to the Rescue!",
"opened in the former Superstar Limo building in January 2006."
] | [
0
] |
Soviet historiography | How were historians' views on the Bolshevik victory changed by Stalin's death? | October Revolution | true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
13,
14,
15
] | [
"Soviet historiography of the October Revolution is intertwined with Soviet historical development.",
"Many of the initial Soviet interpreters of the Revolution were themselves Bolshevik revolutionaries.",
"(For example, the revolutionary Leon Trotsky wrote a major narrative of the October Revolution.)",
"After the initial wave of revolutionary narratives, Soviet historians worked within “narrow guidelines” defined by the Soviet government.",
"The rigidity of interpretive possibilities reached its height under Joseph Stalin.",
"Soviet historians of the October Revolution interpreted the Revolution so as to establish the legitimacy of Marxist ideology, and also the Bolshevik regime.",
"To establish the accuracy of Marxist ideology, Soviet historians generally described the Revolution as the product of class struggle.",
"They maintained that the Revolution was the supreme event in a world history governed by historical laws.",
"The Bolshevik Party is placed at the center of the Revolution, exposing the errors of both the moderate Provisional Government and the spurious “socialist” Mensheviks in the Petrograd Soviet.",
"Guided by Vladimir Lenin's leadership and his firm grasp of scientific Marxist theory, the Party led the “logically predetermined” events of the October Revolution from beginning to end.",
"The events were, according to these historians, logically predetermined because of the socio-economic development of Russia, where the monopoly industrial capitalism alienated the masses.",
"In this view, the Bolshevik party took the leading role in organizing these alienated industrial workers, and thereby established the construction of the first socialist state.",
"Although Soviet historiography of the October Revolution stayed relatively constant until 1991, it did undergo some changes.",
"Following Stalin’s death, historians such as E. N. Burdzhalov and P. V. Volobuev published historical research that deviated significantly from the party line in refining the doctrine that the Bolshevik victory “was predetermined by the state of Russia’s socio-economic development”.",
"These historians, who comprised the “New Directions Group”, posited that the complex nature of the October Revolution “could only be explained by a multi-causal analysis, not by recourse to the mono-causality of monopoly capitalism”.",
"For them, the central actor is still the Bolshevik party, but this party triumphed “because it alone could solve the preponderance of ‘general democratic’ tasks the country faced” (such as the struggle for peace, the exploitation of landlords, and so on.",
")During the late Soviet period, the opening of select Soviet archives during glasnost sparked innovative research that broke away from some aspects of Marxism-Leninism, though the key features of the orthodox Soviet view remained intact."
] | [
5
] |
Codenames | What was the secret name of the officers that were aware of the arrangements for d-day intrusion of Normandy? | Invasion of Normandy | true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
11,
12
] | [
"The Allies assigned codenames to the various operations involved in the invasion.",
"\"Overlord\" was the name assigned to the establishment of a large-scale lodgement on the northern portion of the Continent.",
"The first phase, the establishment of a secure foothold, was codenamed \"Neptune\".",
"According to the D-day museum:",
"\"\"The armed forces use codenames to refer to the planning and execution of specific military operations.",
"Operation Overlord was the codename for the Allied invasion of northwest Europe.",
"The assault phase of Operation Overlord was known as Operation Neptune.",
"(...) Operation Neptune began on D-Day (June 6th 1944) and ended on 30 June 1944.",
"By this time, the Allies had established a firm foothold in Normandy.",
"Operation Overlord also began on D-Day, and continued until Allied forces crossed the River Seine on 19 August 1944.",
"\"\"",
"Officers with knowledge of D-Day were not to be sent where there was the slightest danger of being captured.",
"These officers were given the codename of \"Bigot\", derived from the words \"To Gib\" (To Gibraltar) that was stamped on the papers of officers who took part in the North African invasion in 1942.",
"On the night of 27 April, during Exercise Tiger, a pre-invasion exercise off the coast of Slapton Sands beach, several American LSTs were attacked by German E boats and among the 638 Americans killed in the attack and a further 308 killed by friendly fire, ten \"Bigots\" were listed as missing.",
"As the invasion would be cancelled if any were captured or unaccounted for, their fate was given the highest priority and eventually all ten bodies were recovered."
] | [
0
] |
Background | What is Minaj's vocal range in the song? | Turn Me On (David Guetta song) | false | 0MUSIC
| [
5
] | [
"",
"\"Turn Me On\" is an uptempo club song, with heavy beats and features Minaj on vocals.",
"It is the second track from ‘Nothing but the Beat’ that features Minaj, along with the single ‘Where Them Girls At.",
"Minaj sings, “Doctor doctor, need you back, call me babe / Doctor doctor, where you at, give me something / I need your love, I need your love, I need your loving / You got that kind of medicine to keep me comin.’” She raps for 10 seconds near the end of the track: “D-D-D-D-Don’t let me die young / I just want you to father my young / I just want you to be my doctor / We ‘gon get it crackin,’ chiropractor.” The song is written in the key of C minor, with a simple chord sequence of C minor-Bb major-Ab major.",
"It is written in common time with a moderate dance groove of 128 beats per minute.",
"Nicki Minaj's vocals span from G3 to E5 in the song."
] | [
0
] |
Aftermath | How many hours before the United States did Great Britain declare war on Japan? | Attack on Pearl Harbor | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
7
] | [
"In the wake of the attack, 15 Medals of Honor, 51 Navy Crosses, 53 Silver Stars, four Navy and Marine Corps Medals, one Distinguished Flying Cross, four Distinguished Service Crosses, one Distinguished Service Medal, and three Bronze Star Medals were awarded to the American servicemen who distinguished themselves in combat at Pearl Harbor.",
"Additionally, a special military award, the Pearl Harbor Commemorative Medal, was later authorized for all military veterans of the attack.",
"The day after the attack, Roosevelt delivered his famous Infamy Speech to a Joint Session of Congress, calling for a formal declaration of war on the Empire of Japan.",
"Congress obliged his request less than an hour later.",
"On December 11 Germany and Italy, honoring their commitments under the Tripartite Pact, declared war on the United States.",
"The Tripartite Pact was an earlier agreement between Germany, Italy and Japan which had the principal objective of limiting U.S. intervention in any conflicts involving the three nations.",
"The United States Congress issued a declaration of war against Germany and Italy later that same day.",
"Britain actually declared war on Japan nine hours before the US did, partially due to Japanese attacks on Malaya, Singapore and Hong Kong, and partially due to Winston Churchill's promise to declare war \"within the hour\" of a Japanese attack on the United States.",
"The attack was an initial shock to all the Allies in the Pacific Theater.",
"Further losses compounded the alarming setback.",
"Japan attacked the Philippines hours later (because of the time difference, it was December 8 in the Philippines).",
"Only three days after the attack on Pearl Harbor, the \"Prince of Wales\" and \"Repulse\" were sunk off the coast of Malaya, causing British Prime Minister Winston Churchill later to recollect \"In all the war I never received a more direct shock.",
"As I turned and twisted in bed the full horror of the news sank in upon me.",
"There were no British or American capital ships in the Indian Ocean or the Pacific except the American survivors of Pearl Harbor who were hastening back to California.",
"Over this vast expanse of waters Japan was supreme and we everywhere were weak and naked\".",
"Throughout the war, Pearl Harbor was frequently used in American propaganda.",
"One further consequence of the attacks on Pearl Harbor and its aftermath (notably the Niihau Incident) was that Japanese American residents and citizens were relocated to nearby Japanese-American internment camps.",
"Within hours of the attack, hundreds of Japanese American leaders were rounded up and brought to high-security camps such as Sand Island at the mouth of Honolulu harbor and Kilauea Military Camp on the island of Hawaii.",
"Later, over 110,000 Japanese Americans, including United States citizens, were removed from their homes and transferred to internment camps in California, Idaho, Utah, Arizona, Wyoming, Colorado, and Arkansas.",
"The attacks also had international consequences.",
"The Canadian province of British Columbia, being situated on the Pacific coast, had long had a large population of Japanese immigrants.",
"Pre-war tensions were exacerbated by the Pearl Harbor attack, leading to a reaction from the Government of Canada.",
"On February 24, 1942, Order-in-Council P.C.",
"no.",
"1486 was passed under the War Measures Act allowing for the forced removal of any and all Canadians of Japanese descent from British Columbia, as well as the prohibiting from them returning to the province.",
"The Japanese were given a choice: either be moved into internment camps or be deported back to Japan."
] | [
5
] |
Electron microscopy | Who started development of the first electron microscope in 1931 which was the transmission electron microscope (TEM)? | Microscope | false | 8SCIENCE
| [
1
] | [
"In the early 1900s a significant alternative to light microscopy was developed, using electrons rather than light to generate the image.",
"Ernst Ruska started development of the first electron microscope in 1931 which was the transmission electron microscope (TEM).",
"The transmission electron microscope works on the same principle as an optical microscope but uses electrons in the place of light and electromagnets in the place of glass lenses.",
"Use of electrons instead of light allows a much higher resolution.",
"Development of the transmission electron microscope was quickly followed in 1935 by the development of the scanning electron microscope by Max Knoll.",
"Electron microscopes quickly became popular following the Second World War.",
"Ernst Ruska, working at Siemens developed the first commercial transmission electron microscope and major scientific conferences on electron microscopy started being held in the 1950s.",
"In 1965 the first commercial scanning electron microscope was developed by Professor Sir Charles Oatley and his postgraduate student Gary Stewart and marketed by the Cambridge Instrument Company as the \"Stereoscan\"."
] | [
3
] |
Avoidance of Dairy Products | How do followers of Strict Judaism approach meat and dairy products in a single meal? | Dairy product | false | 9FOOD
| [
3
] | [
"Some groups avoid dairy products for non-health related reasons:",
"Religious - Some religions restrict or do not allow for the consumption of dairy products.",
"For example, some scholars of Jainism advocate not consuming any dairy products because dairy is perceived to involve violence against cows.",
"Strict Judaism requires that meat and dairy products not be served at the same meal, served or cooked in the same utensils, or stored together, as prescribed in .",
"Ethical - Veganism is the avoidance of all animal products, including dairy products, most often due to the ethics regarding how dairy products are produced.",
"The ethical reasons for avoiding dairy include how dairy is produced, how the animals are handled, and the environmental effect of dairy production."
] | [
5
] |
Bathsheba at her Bath | When did the artwork of Bathsheba become popular? | Bathsheba | true | 3ART
| [
2
] | [
" at her Bath.",
"Bathsheba at her Bath is the formal name for the subject in art showing Bathsheba bathing, watched by King David.",
"As an opportunity to feature a large female nude as the focus of a history painting, the subject was popular from the Renaissance onwards.",
"Sometimes Bathsheba's maids, or the \"messengers\" sent by David are shown, and often a distant David watching from his roof.",
"The messengers are sometimes confused with David himself, but most artists follow the Bible in keeping David at a distance in this episode.",
"Paintings with articles include: ",
"Bathsheba at Her Bath (Rembrandt), Louvre, the most famous painting of the subject.",
"Bathsheba at her Bath (Veronese), 1575, Musée des Beaux-Arts de Lyon, France.",
"Atypically, Bathsheba is clothed in this."
] | [
2
] |
Administrative divisions | How many administrative regions is France separated into? | France | true | 5COUNTRY
| [
0
] | [
"France is divided into 27 administrative regions, 22 in metropolitan France (including the territorial collectivity of Corsica), and five located overseas.",
"The regions are further subdivided into 101 departments, which are numbered mainly alphabetically.",
"This number is used in postal codes and vehicle number plates amongst others.",
"The 101 departments are subdivided into 341 arrondissements which are, in turn, subdivided into 4,051 cantons.",
"These cantons are then divided into 36,697 communes, which are municipalities with an elected municipal council.",
"There are 2,588 intercommunal entities grouping 33,414 of the 36,697 communes (i.e.",
"91.1% of all the communes).",
"Three communes, Paris, Lyon and Marseille are subdivided into 45 municipal arrondissements.",
"The regions, departments and communes are all known as territorial collectivities, meaning they possess local assemblies as well as an executive.",
"Arrondissements and cantons are merely administrative divisions.",
"However, this was not always the case.",
"Until 1940, the arrondissements were territorial collectivities with an elected assembly, but these were suspended by the Vichy regime and definitely abolished by the Fourth Republic in 1946."
] | [
5
] |
Release and reception | Why was the video released a day earlier than it was supposed to be? | Wide Awake (Katy Perry song) | false | 0MUSIC
| [
1
] | [
"The video was supposed to have its world premiere on June 19, 2012.",
"However, the video was unexpectedly uploaded by EMI to the Czech website mixer.cz.",
"one day earlier.",
"Due to this, it was announced that the June 19 premiere was being scrapped and that the release was pushed up to June 18, 2012 at 7:53 p.m.",
"ET on MTV as part of \"\"MTV First: Katy Perry\"\".",
"After the premiere, an exclusive 30-minute interview with Perry will take place on MTV.com.",
"The worldwide premiere will reach more than 600 million households around the world via MTV’s global network of more than 60 channels, as well as over 300 digital media properties in more than 150 territories.",
"Fans around the world will also be able to stream the video online at http://katyperry.mtv.com.",
"The music video will also be shown on MTV’s sibling networks VH1, Logo and Teen Nick and debut on MTV.com, VH1.com and LOGOtv.com.",
"In addition, the video will go into rotation immediately on mtvU, MTV Hits and AMTV the following morning.",
"Perry stated in an interview that the music video is symbolic of her life, where various scenes in the video are redolent of her rise to stardom, personal struggles, love and marriage.",
"Perry received 3 nominations for this Video, which included Video of the Year in the 2012 MTV Video Music Awards.",
"She took home the \"moon man\" for Best Art Direction at the awards on September 6, 2012.",
"The music video was met with acclaim from most critics, with a number of them deeming it the best video to date from Perry.",
"E!",
"Online opined in a Twitter status that they love the video and compared it to \"Alice In Wonderland\".",
"\"Rolling Stone\" gave the clip a positive review, praising its introspective nature, saying that 'Though the clip recalls familiar looks, the video puts a new spin on it all, recasting every colorful look with a melancholy tone and a darker palette.'",
"Hollywoodlife felt that the video is inspiring, while calling Perry a symbol of strength.",
"\"Entertainment Weekly\" also credited the fantastical, whimsical vibe of the visual as Perry teams up with her younger self.",
"A \"Behind the Scenes\" video was released on August 22, 2012 on MTV and Vevo."
] | [
1
] |
Current rankings | Did Entertanment Weekly name The Godfather as the greatest film ever made? | The Godfather | false | 6MOVIES
| [
3
] | [
" The film is ranked at the top of Metacritic's top 100 list, and is ranked 5th on Rotten Tomatoes' all time best list (100% \"Certified Fresh\").",
" In 2002, \"The Godfather\" and \"The Godfather Part II\" reached No.",
"2 on Film4's list of \"The 100 Greatest Films of All Time\".",
" \"Entertainment Weekly\" named \"The Godfather\" the greatest film ever made.",
" \"The Godfather\" was voted in at No.",
"1 on \"Empire\" magazine's list of \"The 500 Greatest Movies of All Time\" in November 2008.",
" In \"Time Out\"'s 2003 readers' poll, \"The Godfather\" was ranked the second best film of all time, after \"Some Like It Hot\".",
" Currently 2nd on IMDB's top 250 movies list, with its sequel occupying the 3rd position."
] | [] |
Major commissions in Florence | Who commissioned David from Donatello? | Donatello | false | 3ART
| [
0
] | [
"Around 1430, Cosimo de' Medici, the foremost art patron of his era, commissioned from Donatello the bronze David (now in the Bargello) for the court of his Palazzo Medici.",
"This is now Donatello's most famous work.",
"At the time of its creation, it was the first known free-standing nude statue produced since ancient times.",
"Conceived fully in the round, independent of any architectural surroundings, and largely representing an allegory of the civic virtues triumphing over brutality and irrationality, it was the first major work of Renaissance sculpture.",
"Also from this period is the disquietingly small \"Love-Atys\", housed in the Bargello.",
"Some have perceived the David as having homo-erotic qualities, and have argued that this reflected the artist's own orientation.",
"Details of Donatello's relationships remain speculative.",
"The historian Paul Strathern makes the claim that Donatello made no secret of his homosexuality, and that his behaviour was tolerated by his friends.",
"This may not be surprising in the context of attitudes prevailing in the 15th- and 16th-century Florentine republic.",
"However, little detail is known with certainty about his private life, and no mention of his sexuality has been found in the Florentine archives (in terms of denunciations) albeit which during this period are incomplete.",
"The main evidence comes from anecdotes by Angelo Poliziano in his \"\"Detti piacevoli\"\".",
"When Cosimo was exiled from Florence, Donatello went to Rome, remaining until 1433.",
"The two works that testify to his presence in this city, the \"Tomb of Giovanni Crivelli\" at Santa Maria \"in Aracoeli\", and the \"Ciborium\" at St. Peter's Basilica, bear a strong stamp of classical influence.",
"Donatello's return to Florence almost coincided with Cosimo's.",
"In May 1434, he signed a contract for the marble pulpit on the facade of Prato cathedral, the last project executed in collaboration with Michelozzo.",
"This work, a passionate, pagan, rhythmically-conceived bacchanalian dance of half-nude putti, was the forerunner of the great \"Cantoria\", or singing tribune, at the Duomo in Florence on which Donatello worked intermittently from 1433 to 1440 and was inspired by ancient sarcophagi and Byzantine ivory chests.",
"In 1435, he executed the \"Annunciation\" for the Cavalcanti altar in Santa Croce, inspired by 14th-century iconography, and in 1437–1443, he worked in the Old Sacristy of the San Lorenzo in Florence, on two doors and lunettes portraying saints, as well as eight stucco tondoes.",
"From 1438 is the wooden statue of St. John the Evangelist for Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari in Venice.",
"Around 1440, he executed a bust of a \"Young Man with a Cameo\" now in the Bargello, the first example of a lay bust portrait since the classical era."
] | [
3
] |
Dental health | What is in cheese that helps prevent tooth decay? | Cheese | true | 9FOOD
| [
0
] | [
"Some studies claim that cheddar, mozzarella, Swiss and American cheeses can help to prevent tooth decay.",
"Several mechanisms for this protection have been proposed:",
" The calcium, protein, and phosphorus in cheese may act to protect tooth enamel.",
" Cheese increases saliva flow, washing away acids and sugars."
] | [
0
] |
Accessories | How can you improve visibility underwater during swimming? | Human swimming | false | 4SPORT
| [
5
] | [
" Ear plugs can prevent water from getting in the ears.",
" Noseclips can prevent water from getting in the nose.",
"However, this is generally only used for synchronised swimming.",
"Using noseclips in competitive swimming can cause a disadvantage to most swimmers.",
"It is for this reason that noseclips are only used for synchronised swimming and recreational swimming.",
" Goggles protect the eyes from chlorinated water, and can improve underwater visibility.",
"Tinted goggles protect the eyes from sunlight that reflects from the bottom of the pool.",
" Swim caps keep the body streamlined and protect the hair from chlorinated water.",
" Kickboards are used to keep the upper body afloat while exercising the lower body.",
"Pull buoys are used to keep the lower body afloat while exercising the upper body.",
" Swimfins are used to elongate the kick and improve technique and speed.",
"Fins also build upper calf muscles.",
" Safety fencing and equipment is mandatory at public pools and a zoning requirement at most residential pools in the United States."
] | [
5
] |
Significant changes to Utzon's design | What is the one example of good original acoustics design? | Sydney Opera House | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
12
] | [
" The major hall, which was originally to be a multipurpose opera/concert hall, became solely a concert hall, called the Concert Hall.",
"The minor hall, originally for stage productions only, incorporated opera and ballet functions and was called the Opera Theatre, later renamed the Joan Sutherland Theatre.",
"As a result, the Joan Sutherland Theatre is inadequate to stage large-scale opera and ballet.",
"A theatre, a cinema and a library were also added.",
"These were later changed to two live drama theatres and a smaller theatre \"in the round\".",
"These now comprise the Drama Theatre, the Playhouse, and the Studio, respectively.",
"These changes were primarily because of inadequacies in the original competition brief, which did not make it adequately clear how the Opera House was to be used.",
"The layout of the interiors was changed, and the stage machinery, already designed and fitted inside the major hall, was pulled out and largely thrown away, as detailed in the 1968 BBC TV documentary \"Autopsy on a Dream\", which \"chronicles the full spectrum of controversy surrounding the construction of the Sydney Opera House\".",
" Externally, the cladding to the podium and the paving (the podium was originally not to be clad down to the water, but to be left open).",
" The construction of the glass walls (Utzon was planning to use a system of prefabricated plywood mullions, but a different system was designed to deal with the glass).",
" Utzon's plywood corridor designs, and his acoustic and seating designs for the interior of both major halls, were scrapped completely.",
"His design for the Concert Hall was rejected as it only seated 2000, which was considered insufficient.",
"Utzon employed the acoustic consultant Lothar Cremer, and his designs for the major halls were later modelled and found to be very good.",
"The subsequent Todd, Hall and Littlemore versions of both major halls have some problems with acoustics, particularly for the performing musicians.",
"The orchestra pit in the Joan Sutherland Theatre is cramped and dangerous to musicians' hearing.",
"The Concert Hall has a very high roof, leading to a lack of early reflections onstage—perspex rings (the \"acoustic clouds\") hanging over the stage were added shortly before opening in an (unsuccessful) attempt to address this problem."
] | [
0
] |
Abstract | When did Belgium leave the Netherlands? | Belgium | true | 5COUNTRY
| [
12
] | [
"Belgium (; Dutch: \"België\"; French: \"Belgique\"; German: \"Belgien\"), officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal monarchy in Western Europe.",
"It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters as well as those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.",
"Belgium covers an area of , and it has a population of about 11 million people.",
"Straddling the cultural boundary between Germanic and Latin Europe, Belgium is home to two main linguistic groups: the Dutch-speaking, mostly Flemish community (which constitutes about 59% of the population), and the French-speaking, mostly Walloon population (which comprises 41% of all Belgians).",
"Additionally, there is a small group of German-speakers that are officially recognized.",
"Belgium's two largest regions are the Dutch-speaking region of Flanders in the north and the French-speaking southern region of Wallonia.",
"The Brussels-Capital Region, officially bilingual, is a mostly French-speaking enclave within the Flemish Region.",
"*A German-speaking Community exists in eastern Wallonia.",
"Belgium's linguistic diversity and related political conflicts are reflected in its political history and complex system of government.",
"Historically, Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg were known as the Low Countries, which used to cover a somewhat larger area than the current Benelux group of states.",
"The region was called Belgica in Latin, after the Roman province of Gallia Belgica, which covered more or less the same area.",
"From the end of the Middle Ages until the 17th century, the area of Belgium was a prosperous and cosmopolitan centre of commerce and culture.",
"From the 16th century until the Belgian Revolution in 1830, when Belgium seceded from the Netherlands, the area of Belgium served as the battleground between many European powers, causing it to be dubbed the \"Battlefield of Europe,\"*a reputation strengthened by both World Wars.",
"Upon its independence, Belgium participated in the Industrial Revolutionand, during the course of the 20th century, possessed a number of colonies in Africa.",
"The second half of the 20th century was marked by rising tensions between the Flemish and the Francophones fueled by differences in language and the unequal economic development of Flanders and Wallonia.",
"This continuing antagonism has led to several far-reaching reforms, a transition from a unitary to a federal arrangement, and several governmental crises, the most recent — from 2007 to 2011 — being the longest."
] | [
2
] |
Dora Maar | Who did Picasso paint in "The Weeping Woman"? | The Weeping Woman | false | 3ART
| [
5
] | [
"Dora Maar was Picasso's mistress from 1936 until 1944.",
"In the course of their relationship, Picasso painted her in a number of guises, some realistic, some benign, others tortured or threatening.",
"Picasso explained:\"\"For me she's the weeping woman.",
"For years I've painted her in tortured forms, not through sadism, and not with pleasure, either; just obeying a vision that forced itself on me.",
"It was the deep reality, not the superficial one.",
"\"\"\"\"Dora, for me, was always a weeping woman... And it's important, because women are suffering machines.\"\""
] | [
3
] |
Founding of the Kodokan | What year was the Kodokan school and dojo opened? | Judo | true | 4SPORT
| [
0
] | [
"In February 1882, Kano founded a school and dojo at the , a Buddhist temple in what was then the Shitaya ward of Tokyo (now the Higashi Ueno district of Taitō ward).",
"Iikubo, Kano's \"Kitō-ryū\" instructor, attended the dojo three days a week to help teach and, although two years would pass before the temple would be called by the name , and Kano had not yet received his in \"Kitō-ryū\", this is now regarded as the Kodokan founding.",
"The \"Eisho-ji\" dojo was a relatively small affair, consisting of a twelve mat training area.",
"Kano took in resident and non-resident students, the first two being Tsunejiro Tomita and Shiro Saigo.",
"In August, the following year, the pair were granted grades, the first that had been awarded in any martial art."
] | [
0
] |
Editing and pre-release | How did the movie Toy Story end? | Toy Story | false | 6MOVIES
| [
13
] | [
"It was difficult for crew members to perceive the film's quality during much of the production process, when the finished footage was in scattered pieces and lacked elements like music and sound design.",
"Some animators felt the film would be a significant disappointment commercially, but felt animators and animation fans would find it interesting.",
"According to Lee Unkrich, one of the original editors of \"Toy Story\", a scene was cut out of the original final edit.",
"The scene features Sid, after Pizza Planet, torturing Buzz and Woody violently.",
"Unkrich decided to cut right into the scene where Sid is interrogating the toys because the creators of the movie thought the audience would be loving Buzz and Woody at that point.",
"Another scene, where Woody was trying to get Buzz's attention when he was stuck in the box crate, was shortened because the creators felt it would lose the energy of the movie.",
"Peter Schneider had grown buoyant about the film as it neared completion, and announced a United States release date of November, coinciding with Thanksgiving weekend and the start of the winter holiday season.",
"Sources indicate that executive producer Steve Jobs lacked confidence in the film during its production, and he had been talking to various companies, ranging from Hallmark to Microsoft, about selling Pixar.",
"However, as the film progressed, Jobs became ever more excited about it, feeling that he might be on the verge of transforming the movie industry.",
"As scenes from the movie were finished, he watched them repeatedly and had friends come by his home to share his new passion.",
"Jobs decided that the release of \"Toy Story\" that November would be the occasion to take Pixar public.",
"A test audience near Anaheim in late July 1995 indicated the need for last-minute tweaks, which added further pressure to the already frenetic final weeks.",
"Response cards from the audience were encouraging, but were not top of the scale, adding further question as to how audiences would respond.",
"The film ended with a shot of Andy's house and the sound of a new puppy.",
"Michael Eisner, who attended the screening, told Lasseter afterward that the film needed to end with a shot of Woody and Buzz together, reacting to the news of the puppy."
] | [
5
] |
Conservation | who did a detailed analysis in 1933 to revealed that earlier restorers had "acted with a great deal of restraint"? | Mona Lisa | false | 3ART
| [
2
] | [
"The \"Mona Lisa\" has survived for more than 500 years, and an international commission convened in 1952 noted that \"the picture is in a remarkable state of preservation.\"",
"This is partly due to the result of a variety of conservation treatments the painting has undergone.",
"A detailed analysis in 1933 by Madame de Gironde revealed that earlier restorers had \"acted with a great deal of restraint.\"",
"Nevertheless, applications of varnish made to the painting had darkened even by the end of the 16th century, and an aggressive 1809 cleaning and revarnishing removed some of the uppermost portion of the paint layer, resulting in a washed-out appearance to the face of the figure.",
"Despite the treatments, the \"Mona Lisa\" has been well cared for throughout its history, and although the panel's warping caused the curators \"some worry\", the 2004–05 conservation team was optimistic about the future of the work."
] | [
3
] |
Production | Who's debut album is "Aim and Ignite"? | We Are Young | false | 0MUSIC
| [
0
] | [
"After the poor commercial performance of their debut album, \"Aim and Ignite\", Fun decided to put Jeff Bhasker as producer for their second studio effort.",
"The band's frontman, Nate Ruess, met with Bhasker at his hotel in New York City in February 2011.",
"Ruess was anxious about meeting Bhasker, so he arrived early at the bar in the Bowery Hotel on the Lower East Side \"and had a little to drink just to make sure I was loosened up.\"",
"According to Bhasker, he wasn't really wanting to meet the band, as he \"was working with Beyoncé, and also with Alicia, Kanye and Jay-Z, and doing this had been a big goal in my life.",
"I had no intention of being distracted.",
"\"Bhasker had just finished a long day in the studio with Beyoncé, and had decided to give Ruess 10 minutes.",
"He had previously already canceled two meetings with him.",
"The two began talking about music, and Ruess' desire to merge hip-hop beats and electronic effects with pop rock intrigued Bhasker, who invited Ruess up to his hotel room to show him some Beyoncé tracks he had been working on.",
"\"Slightly tipsy and feeling inspired,\" Ruess belted out the chorus for \"We Are Young,\" which at that time was an unfinished composition.",
"Bhasker was taken aback and automatically \"freaked out,\" demanding he see the band for studio time \"in the next few days.\"",
"The next day, Bhasker and Ruess booked a New York studio and cut a version of \"We Are Young\" not far from the final version of the track.",
"On the first day of recording at Jungle City, Bhasker programmed the drums on his Akai MPC3000 machine, a moog bass and \"maybe using my little Juno 106, and we added vocals and piano.",
"We worked for many more days on it afterwards, but the core of the final version of the song was recorded on that first day.” After the Jungle City sessions, more vocal, guitar and piano tracks were recorded at Electric Ladyland Studios, and from there sessions continued at Enormous Studios in Los Angeles, The Village Recorder to track the children's choir, and Abbey Road Studios to record the orchestral arrangements.",
"The band invited Janelle Monáe to provide guest vocals on \"We Are Young\" through her friendship with Bhasker.",
"After being played the song, Monáe was enthused about the song and recorded her vocals in Bristol, England.",
"Bhasker further mixed the song in a 44.1 kHz/24-bit Pro Tools HD session at the course of almost two weeks, and the stereo mix was mastered using a L2 limiter and an API 550 EQ.",
"When Bhasker multitracked Ruess' vocals for the chorus, he noticed that it \"had a Queen/Freddie Mercury vibe to it.\"",
"Guitarist Jack Antonoff called \"We Are Young\" the \"bull's-eye center\" of the sound the band was striving for while producing \"Some Nights.\"",
"The song displays the influences brought by Jeff Bhasker and hip-hop music.",
"Antonoff agreed with the notion that the song was their de facto anthem: \"It's pretty rare, because any other projects that we've done, I don't think any of us have ever had that song that was like, 'This is our band,'\" Antonoff said.",
"\"We're proud to say, 'Listen to this one song, and then come listen to the rest.",
"Here it is.'\""
] | [
3
] |
Casting | Who portrays the character Georgina Sparks? | Gossip Girl | false | 1TV
| [
13
] | [
"Featuring nine regular speaking roles, the majority of the ensemble cast was assembled from February to April 2007.",
"Leighton Meester and Blake Lively - who started auditioning in December 2006 - were the first two actresses to be chosen in February for the lead roles of Blair Waldorf and Serena van der Woodsen, respectively.",
"Penn Badgley, who had previously worked with Stephanie Savage on \"The Mountain\", Taylor Momsen, Chace Crawford, Kelly Rutherford and Connor Paolo also auditioned successfully and landed roles in the series in March, as did Florencia Lozano who appeared only in the pilot, and was replaced by Margaret Colin.",
"Badgley had initially turned down the part of Dan.",
"Actors for the roles of Chuck Bass and Rufus Humphrey were found in April when English actor Ed Westwick, and Matthew Settle were cast.",
"Westwick first read for the role of Nate but was then asked to try Chuck.",
"As rumors swirled about the impending cancellation of \"Veronica Mars\", it was revealed at The CW's 2007 Upfronts on May 17, 2007 that Kristen Bell had narrated the pilot, thus making her the title character of another show on the network.",
"Jessica Szohr was signed on to portray the recurring role of Vanessa Abrams and received regular status during the fourteenth episode of the first season.",
"Kaylee DeFer joined the series in the eighteenth episode of the fourth season and was promoted to series regular for the show's fifth season.",
"At the conclusion of the fourth season, Momsen, who went on an indefinite hiatus during the season while retaining regular billing, and Jessica Szhor both left the show.",
"Throughout the series' run, Connor Paolo consistently declined to elevate his recurring role of Eric van der Woodsen to regular status, citing personal reasons for his decision.",
"After becoming a regular on the ABC series \"Revenge\", Paolo confirmed his departure from \"Gossip Girl\" in August 2011.",
"As the show progressed, numerous recurring guest stars appeared in the show.",
"Michelle Trachtenberg signed on to portray Georgina Sparks.",
"The role had previously been offered to Mischa Barton who passed.",
"Francie Swift and Sam Robards took the parental roles of Anne and Howard Archibald, respectively.",
"Caroline Lagerfelt portrayed Celia \"CeCe\" Rhodes, Serena and Eric's grandmother and Lily's mother.",
"Sebastian Stan made several appearances as Carter Baizen throughout the show's first three seasons."
] | [
3
] |
Feather | In what popular book by Forrest is the feather stored? | Forrest Gump | true | 6MOVIES
| [
10
] | [
"Various interpretations have been suggested for the feather present at the opening and conclusion of the film.",
"Sarah Lyall of \"The New York Times\" noted several opinions that were made about the feather: \"Does the white feather symbolize the unbearable lightness of being?",
"Forrest Gump's impaired intellect?",
"The randomness of experience?\"",
"Hanks interpreted the feather as: \"Our destiny is only defined by how we deal with the chance elements to our life and that's kind of the embodiment of the feather as it comes in.",
"Here is this thing that can land anywhere and that it lands at your feet.",
"It has theological implications that are really huge.\"",
"Sally Field compared the feather to fate, saying: \"It blows in the wind and just touches down here or there.",
"Was it planned or was it just perchance?\"",
"Visual effects supervisor Ken Ralston compared the feather to an abstract painting: \"It can mean so many things to so many different people.",
"\"The feather is stored in a book titled \"Curious George\", Forrest's favorite book, which his mother read to him, connecting the scene's present time with his childhood in the 1940s.",
"The placement of the feather in the book is directly on a picture of the monkey walking on a tightrope.",
"Whether that was intentional or not, it is very symbolic.",
"The feather also has a correlation with Jenny's constant obsession with \"becoming a bird and flying far far away\" due to the abuse (sexual and physical) she endured from her father.",
"She goes as far in the film as to ask Forrest \"if jumped off the bridge, could [she fly?\""
] | [
0
] |
Paintings of the 1500s | What facial features does the Mona Lisa have? | Leonardo da Vinci | true | 3ART
| [
2
] | [
"Among the works created by Leonardo in the 16th century is the small portrait known as the \"Mona Lisa\" or \"la Gioconda\", the laughing one.",
"In the present era it is arguably the most famous painting in the world.",
"Its fame rests, in particular, on the elusive smile on the woman's face, its mysterious quality brought about perhaps by the fact that the artist has subtly shadowed the corners of the mouth and eyes so that the exact nature of the smile cannot be determined.",
"The shadowy quality for which the work is renowned came to be called \"sfumato\" or Leonardo's smoke.",
"Vasari, who is generally thought to have known the painting only by repute, said that \"the smile was so pleasing that it seemed divine rather than human; and those who saw it were amazed to find that it was as alive as the original\".",
"Other characteristics found in this work are the unadorned dress, in which the eyes and hands have no competition from other details, the dramatic landscape background in which the world seems to be in a state of flux, the subdued colouring and the extremely smooth nature of the painterly technique, employing oils, but laid on much like tempera and blended on the surface so that the brushstrokes are indistinguishable.",
"Vasari expressed the opinion that the manner of painting would make even \"the most confident master ... despair and lose heart.\"",
"The perfect state of preservation and the fact that there is no sign of repair or overpainting is rare in a panel painting of this date.",
"In the painting \"Virgin and Child with St. Anne\" the composition again picks up the theme of figures in a landscape which Wasserman describes as \"breathtakingly beautiful\" and harkens back to the St Jerome picture with the figure set at an oblique angle.",
"What makes this painting unusual is that there are two obliquely set figures superimposed.",
"Mary is seated on the knee of her mother, St Anne.",
"She leans forward to restrain the Christ Child as he plays roughly with a lamb, the sign of his own impending sacrifice.",
"This painting, which was copied many times, influenced Michelangelo, Raphael, and Andrea del Sarto, and through them Pontormo and Correggio.",
"The trends in composition were adopted in particular by the Venetian painters Tintoretto and Veronese."
] | [
0
] |
Season 4 | Why was the character Cary on The Good Wife angry at the Lockhart & Gardner firm? | The Good Wife | false | 1TV
| [
2,
3,
4
] | [
"Season 4 focuses on Lockhart & Gardner's efforts to come out from bankruptcy after rival lawyers Louis Canning and Patti Nyholm team up to take them down.",
"A trustee, Clarke Hayden, is appointed to watch over the firm, but Will and Diane are not happy once he starts getting in their way.",
"Trying to gain money, the firm offers partnership to some associates, because they need their initial payment.",
"When the debt is cleared, only Alicia is made partner and the other offers are delayed.",
"Feeling angry, Cary teams up with the other four-years to start a new firm.",
"Meanwhile, Peter Florrick runs for Governor.",
"Eli is once again leading his campaign, although things get complicated when he finds out he is being investigated.",
"Alicia befriends Maddi Haylord, who sponsors her husband's campaign, but ultimetely it turns out she is running up against him and Mike Kresteva.",
"In a B plot Kalinda's past comes to haunt her in the form of her husband Nick.",
"Once he starts threatening people in her life, she needs to get rid of him.",
"The firm also hires a new investigator to help her at work - Robyn Burdine.",
"On top of all, Alicia is back with Peter, but having a hard time supressing her feelings for Will."
] | [
1
] |
Apollo 11 | In which year did the final leg of the moon race begin? | Space Race | true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
0
] | [
"1969 saw the final leg of the Moon Race, with the United States leading it after the flight of Apollo 8.",
"Unbeknownst to the Americans, the Soviet moon program was in deep trouble.",
"Without the N-1 rocket, the USSR had no way to land on the Moon.",
"The next two Apollo missions proved that the Lunar Module worked well, both in low-Earth orbit and in lunar orbit.",
"It was time to proceed to an actual landing mission.",
"Under this backdrop, Apollo 11 was being prepared for a July encounter with the Moon.",
"The Apollo 11 crew consisted of commander (CDR) Neil Armstrong, command module pilot (CMP) Michael Collins, and lunar module pilot (LMP) Edwin \"Buzz\" Aldrin.",
"They were selected as the crew in January 1969, and they trained for the mission until just before the actual launch day.",
"On July 16, 1969, at exactly 9:32 am EDT, the Saturn V rocket – serial number SA-506 – lifted off from Launch Complex 39A at the Kennedy Space Center, Florida with Apollo 11 on board.",
"The lunar trip took just over three days.",
"After achieving orbit, Armstrong and Aldrin transferred into the Lunar Module, named \"Eagle\", and began their descent.",
"After overcoming several computer malfunctions, Armstrong took over manual flight-control at about , and guided the Lunar Module to a landing on the Moon's Sea of Tranquility at 4:17 pm EDT, July 20, 1969.",
"The first humans on the Moon would wait another six hours before they ventured out of their craft.",
"At 10:56:15 pm EDT, Armstrong became the first human to set foot on the Moon.",
"The first step was witnessed by at least 500 million TV viewers on Earth.",
"His first words when he stepped off the LM's landing pad were, \"That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.\"",
"Aldrin joined him on the surface almost 20 minutes later.",
"Altogether, they spent just under two and one-quarter hours outside their craft.",
"The next day, they performed the first launch from another celestial body, and rendezvoused with the \"Columbia\" Command Module.",
"Apollo 11 safely left lunar orbit and returned to Earth, landing in the Pacific Ocean on July 24, 1969.",
"When the spacecraft splashed down, 2,982 days had passed since Kennedy committed the United States to landing a man on the Moon and bringing him back safely to the Earth before the end of the decade; the mission was completed with just 161 days to spare.",
"With the safe completion of the Apollo 11 mission, the Americans won the race to the Moon.",
"This was followed by successful lunar landings on Apollo 12 (November 1969), Apollo 14 (February 1971), Apollo 15 (July 1971), Apollo 16 (April 1972), and Apollo 17 (December 1972).",
"One lunar landing attempt, Apollo 13 (April 1970), was unsuccessful, but the crew returned safely."
] | [] |
Cake flour | In what ways may cake flour be substituted in a recipe? | Cake | true | 9FOOD
| [
4
] | [
" flour.",
"Special cake flour with a high starch-to-gluten ratio is made from fine-textured, soft, low-protein wheat.",
"It is strongly bleached, and compared to all-purpose flour, cake flour tends to result in cakes with a lighter, less dense texture.",
"Therefore, it is frequently specified or preferred in cakes meant to be soft, light, and or bright white, such as angel food cake.",
"However, if cake flour is called for, a substitute can be made by replacing a small percentage of all-purpose flour with cornstarch or removing two tablespoons from each cup of all-purpose flour.",
"Some recipes explicitly specify or permit all-purpose flour, notably where a firmer or denser cake texture is desired."
] | [
0
] |
Abstract | In what countries can you find Arepas? | Arepa | false | 9FOOD
| [
4
] | [
"Arepa () is a flatbread made of ground maize dough or cooked flour prominent in the cuisine of Colombia and Venezuela.",
"It is eaten daily in those countries and can be served with various accompaniments such as cheese (cuajada), avocado, jelly or jam, or (especially in Venezuela) split and used to make sandwiches.",
"Various sizes, maize types, and added ingredients are used to vary its preparation.",
"It is similar in shape to the Mexican \"gordita\" and the Salvadoran \"pupusa\".",
"\"Arepas\" can also be found in Panama, Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, and the Canary Islands."
] | [
0
] |
Rhythmic gymnastics | How many elements does gymnastics combine? | Gymnastics | false | 4SPORT
| [
1
] | [
"Only women compete in rhythmic gymnastics although there is a new version of this discipline for men being pioneered in Japan (see Men's rhythmic gymnastics).",
"This is a sport that combines elements of ballet, gymnastics, dance, and apparatus manipulation.",
"The sport involves the performance of five separate routines with the use of five apparatus; ball, ribbon, hoop, clubs, rope—on a floor area, with a much greater emphasis on the aesthetic rather than the acrobatic.",
"There are also group routines consisting of 5 gymnasts and 5 apparatuses of their choice.",
"Rhythmic routines are scored out of a possible 30 points; the score for artistry (choreography and music) is averaged with the score for difficulty of the moves and then added to the score for execution.",
"International competitions are split between Juniors, under sixteen by their year of birth; and Seniors, for women sixteen and over again by their year of birth.",
"Gymnasts in Russia and Europe typically start training at a very young age and those at their peak are typically in their late teens (15–19) or early twenties.",
"The largest events in the sport are the Olympic Games, World Championships, European Championships, World Cup and Grand-Prix Series."
] | [
5
] |
Abstract | Who voiced Woody in the film Toy Story? | Toy Story | false | 6MOVIES
| [
1
] | [
"Toy Story is a 1995 American computer-animated buddy-comedy adventure film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and directed by John Lasseter, released by Walt Disney Pictures, \"Toy Story\" was the first feature-length computer-animated film and the first film produced by Pixar.",
"\"Toy Story\" follows a group of anthropomorphic toys who pretend to be lifeless whenever humans are present, and focuses on the relationship between Woody, a pullstring cowboy doll (Tom Hanks), and Buzz Lightyear, an astronaut action figure (Tim Allen).",
"The film was written by John Lasseter, Andrew Stanton, Joel Cohen, Alec Sokolow, and Joss Whedon, and featured music by Randy Newman.",
"Its executive producers were Steve Jobs and Edwin Catmull.",
"Pixar, which produced short animated films to promote their computers, was approached by Disney to produce a computer-animated feature after the success of the short \"Tin Toy\" (1988), which is told from a small toy's perspective.",
"Lasseter, Stanton, and Pete Docter wrote early story treatments which were thrown out by Disney, who pushed for a more edgy film.",
"After disastrous story reels, production was halted and the script was re-written, better reflecting the tone and theme Pixar desired: that \"toys deeply want children to play with them, and that this desire drives their hopes, fears, and actions.\"",
"The studio, then consisting of a relatively small number of employees, produced the film under minor financial constraints.",
"The top-grossing film on its opening weekend, \"Toy Story\" went on to earn over $361 million worldwide.",
"Reviews were entirely positive, praising both the animation's technical innovation and the screenplay's wit and sophistication, and it is now widely considered by many critics to be one of the best animated films ever made.",
"In addition to home media releases and theatrical re-releases, \"Toy Story\"-inspired material has run the gamut from toys, video games, theme park attractions, spin-offs, merchandise, and two sequels—\"Toy Story 2\" (1999) and \"Toy Story 3\" (2010)—both of which received massive commercial success and critical acclaim.",
"\"Toy Story\" was inducted into the National Film Registry as being \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\" in 2005, its first year of eligibility."
] | [
3
] |
Period | When can harvest begin on cereal plants? | Cereal | false | 9FOOD
| [
2
] | [
"Once the cereal plants have grown their seeds, they have completed their life cycle.",
"The plants die and become brown and dry.",
"As soon as the parent plants and their seed kernels are reasonably dry, harvest can begin.",
"In developed countries, cereal crops are universally machine-harvested, typically using a combine harvester, which cuts, threshes, and winnows the grain during a single pass across the field.",
"In developing countries, a variety of harvesting methods are in use, depending on the cost of labor, from combines to hand tools such as the scythe or cradle.",
"If a crop is harvested during wet weather, the grain may not dry adequately in the field to prevent spoilage during its storage.",
"In this case, the grain is sent to a dehydrating facility, where artificial heat dries it.",
"In North America, farmers commonly deliver their newly harvested grain to a grain elevator, a large storage facility that consolidates the crops of many farmers.",
"The farmer may sell the grain at the time of delivery or maintain ownership of a share of grain in the pool for later sale.",
"Storage facilities should be protected from small grain pests, rodents and birds."
] | [
2
] |
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