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Joseph G. Brimmeier
Corruption Conviction
Joseph G. Brimmeier Corruption Conviction On November 20, 2014, Brimmeier pleaded guilty to felony conflict of interest charges.
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Joseph ben Abraham Gikatilla
Biography
Joseph ben Abraham Gikatilla Biography Born at Medinaceli, Old Castile, Gikatilla was for some time a pupil of the kabbalist Abraham Abulafia, by whom he is highly praised; his kabbalistic knowledge became so profound that he was supposed to be able to work miracles, and on this account was called "Joseph Ba'al ha-Nissim".. (the Thaumaturge or literally Master of Miracles; Zacuto, Yuḥasin, p. 224a). Like his master, Gikatilla occupied himself with mystic combinations and transpositions of letters and numbers; indeed, Abulafia considered him as the continuator of his school (Adolf Jellinek, B.H. iii, p. xl). But Gikatilla was not an adversary
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Joseph ben Abraham Gikatilla
Biography & Sha'are Orah
of philosophy; on the contrary, he tried to reconcile philosophy with kabbalah, declaring that the latter is the foundation of the former. He, however, strove after the higher science, that is, mysticism. His works in general represent a progressive development of philosophical insight into mysticism. His first work shows that he had considerable knowledge of secular sciences, and that he was familiar with the works of Ibn Gabirol, Ibn Ezra, Maimonides, and others. He died at Peñafiel after 1305. In different manuscripts of the work the author's name is variously written "Gribzul," "Karnitol," and "Necatil," all corruptions of "Gikatilla." Sha'are Orah
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Joseph ben Abraham Gikatilla
Sha'are Orah
Sha'are Orah, or Sefer ha-Orah, (שערי אורה) is Gikatilla's most influential work. The Arizal call it "a key to understanding the mystical studies". The Vilna Gaon and Zundel Salant recommended that their students study it. Among those who quote it are: Moshe Cordevero, Joseph Caro, Chaim Vital, the Shelah ha-Kadosh, the Sefat Emet, Shem Tov ibn Shem Tov, Moses al-Ashkar, and Judah Hayyat, and long extracts from it are inserted by Reuben ben Hoshke in his Yalḳuṭ Reubeni. It was translated into Latin by Paul Ricius and used by Reuchlin as a defense against his adversaries.
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Jules Buckley
Personal & Career
Jules Buckley Personal Grew up in Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire in the UK. Played in the Aylesbury Music Centre Dance Band and went on to study trumpet at the Guildhall School of Music in London. His initial ambition was to be a jazz trumpeter, but at the Guildhall School his interests grew to include musical composition and conducting. He now lives in Berlin, Germany. Career In 2004, Buckley and producer/manager Chris Wheeler co-founded the Heritage Orchestra, with the intention of featuring an orchestra in a music club setting. In 2008, Buckley became principal guest conductor of the Metropole Orkest and chief conductor
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Jules Buckley
Career & Collaborations
from 2013. Since 2008, he has been principal guest conductor of the Metropole Orkest, a jazz and eclectic music orchestra based in Hilversum, The Netherlands. From 2020, he will be Creative Artist-in-Residence with the BBC Symphony Orchestra. Collaborations Buckley has worked with the WDR Big Band; José James and the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra; Patrick Watson and the Orchestre National d'Île de France; and arranged and conducted Caro Emerald's album The Shocking Miss Emerald. Other collaborations have included projects with Gregory Porter; Tori Amos; Markus Stockhausen; Michael Kiwanuka; Jonathan Jeremiah; Basement Jaxx; Massive Attack; Arctic Monkeys; John Cale; Emeli Sandé;
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Jules Buckley
Collaborations & Awards & Notable recent performances
The Cinematic Orchestra; Jamie Cullum; Beardyman; and Dizzee Rascal. Awards In February 2016, the Snarky Puppy album Sylva, featuring Buckley and the Metropole Orkest, won a Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Instrumental Album. At the end of 2016, Classic House with Pete Tong and the Heritage Orchestra reached No. 1 in the Album Charts. In 2018, Buckley and Metropole Orkest were awarded the Bremer Musikfest-Preis in special recognition of their contribution to the success of Musikfest Bremen. Notable recent performances August 2016: BBC Prom 49 with the Metropole Orkest celebrating the music of Quincy Jones. February 2017: Conducted The National Symphony Orchestra
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Jules Buckley
Notable recent performances
with Snarky Puppy at the JF Kennedy Center, Washington DC (USA). August 2018: Returned to the BBC Proms with the Heritage Orchestra for a late-night Prom, New York Now, celebrating the changing soundscape of the Big Apple and featuring artists from that city, including Hercules and Love Affair. June 2019: "Soundtrack of the 80s with Quincy Jones" with the Metropole Orkest at London’s O2. August 2019: BBC Prom 45 with the Metropole Orkest in a homage to Nina Simone with Ledisi and Lisa Fischer to a packed Royal Albert Hall. September 2019: BBC Prom 64 with the Heritage Orchestra and Soul Mavericks, featuring Terra
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Jules Buckley
Notable recent performances
& Eddie, Sunni and Lagaet, at the Royal Albert Hall.
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Justin Schein
Early life and education & Career
Justin Schein Early life and education Schein was born in New York and attended Horace Mann School in The Bronx prior to enrolling in Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland. He graduated from Johns Hopkins in 1990 and began working as an intern at Great Projects, a film company in New York City. He later returned to school where he earned a master's degree in documentary filmmaking from Stanford University. Career Schein has been involved in directing and cinematography for more than 20 years. He has been the cinemotagrapher on over 60 films that have appeared on networks such as
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Justin Schein
Career
The BBC, The Discovery Channel, HBO, and PBS. Schein is also the founder of Shadownbox Films, a film studio he started in 1998 along with co-founder David Mehlman, a fellow Stanford graduate. One of Schein's more notable early projects is America Rebuilds: A Year at Ground Zero, a documentary that looked at the cleanup of Ground Zero after the September 11 attacks as well as the debate over what should replace the Twin Towers. He collaborated on the project with Daniel Polin, president of Great Projects Film Company, the company where he interned after graduating from Johns Hopkins. Polin was producer
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Justin Schein
Career
on the documentary while Schein worked as co-producer and cinematographer. America Rebuilds was narrated by Kevin Spacey and appeared on PBS on the one year anniversary of the attacks. In 2009, Schein released No Impact Man, a documentary film he directed with Laura Gabbert based on the book of the same title by Colin Beavan. The film, which premiered at the Sundance Film Festival and opened theatrically September 4, 2009, follows Colin Beavan and his family during their year-long experiment to have sustainable zero impact on the environment. The rights of the film were picked up by Oscilloscope Laboratories. Schein worked as
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Justin Schein
Career
the cinematographer for the documentary My So-Called Enemy. Released in 2010, filming began in the summer of 2002 and documents the relationships between six Jewish and Palestinian girls who come to the United States for a leadership camp. The film documents the bonds that grow between the girls in absence of the violence where the girls live back home. It screened at numerous film festivals, including winning a Cine Golden Eagle and being awarded the Best Documentary at the 2010 Boston Jewish Film Festival. Schein's most recent projects include Left On Purpose, a documentary on the life of political activist Mayer
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Justin Schein
Career
Vishner. Schein originally wanted to document the rebellious legacy of Vishner when he finds out Vishner has severe depression and wants to end his own life as his last political act. Schein and Vishner become friends during the filming and Vishner did not reveal his wishes until later in the filming. Vishner committed suicide on August 22, 2013, twelve hours after dropping his cat off with writer Michael Ventura in Texas. The film was funded through a successful Kickstarter campaign in 2015 as well as supported from Sundance Documentary Fund, The Jerome Foundation, and Catapult Film Fund. The night before
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Justin Schein
Career
his death, Vishner told Ventura while smiling "part of me really wants to see the movie." Left On Purpose began its festival run in the fall of 2015 and went on to win awards at multiple domestic and international film festivals including Audience Awards at DOC NYC and Woodstock Film Festival. As of February 10, 2017, it is available for streaming on multiple major online platforms.
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K. Sivalingam
Political career
K. Sivalingam Political career Prior to entering politics, Sivalingam was involved in journalism. He joined the MIC in 1968 at the age of 20, and by 1986 he was elected as a senator by the Selangor state legislative assembly. Sivalingam contested the Selangor state constituency of Seri Cahaya in the 1990 general election as a rookie candidate and won. In the 1995 general election, he contested the Ijok state constituency and won comfortably, beating a Democratic Action Party (DAP) candidate. In 1997, he was appointed as a member of the Selangor state executive council, a position he held up to
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K. Sivalingam
Political career & Death
his death. He retained the Ijok seat in the 1999 and 2004 general elections. Death On April 4, 2007, en route a leisure trip to southern India with his daughter and son-in-law, Sivalingam died from a heart attack in Chennai, India, upon arrival at the Chennai International Airport from Kuala Lumpur. His death prompted the 2007 Ijok by-election to elect a successor representative for his former constituency.
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Kabirdham district
History
Kabirdham district History On July 2, 1998 the government of Madhya Pradesh state decided to constitute a new district, Kawardha by combining the erstwhile tehsil of Kawardha of Rajnandgaon district and the erstwhile tehsil of Pandariya of Bilaspur district. The town of Kawardha was decided as the headquarters for this new district. The new district came into existence on July 6, 1998. The district is now known as Kabirdham district. The name of the district was changed from Kawardha to Kabeerdham on 17 January 2003 by then chief minister of state Ajit Jogi on the occasion of sixth century birth
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Kabirdham district
History
celebration of Dhani Dharm Das, the founder of Kabir panth in Chhattisgarh. Kabirdham name is given due to Kawardha was Guru Gaddi Pith of kabir panth from 1806 to 1903. Eighth Guru of Kaber panth Haq Nam Saheb established Guru Gaddi here in 1806. Ninth Guru Pak Nam Saheb, Tenth Guru Prakat Nam Saheb and Eleventh Guru Dhiraj Nam Saheb resided here Twelfth Guru Ugr Nam Saheb changed Guru Gaddi place from Kawardha to Damakheda in 1903, where Guru Gaddi is situated. The present day tehsil of Kawardha was a princely state, formed in the year 1751 by Mahabali Singh. In
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Kabirdham district
History
1895, it became Kawardha tehsil of Mandla district. In 1903, it was included in Bilaspur district. In 1912, it was shifted to Raipur district and in 1948 it became a part of Durg district. On January 26, 1973 a new district, Rajnandgaon came into existence and it became a part of it. The other tehsil Pandariya was known as Pandariya zamindari until 1952. In 1952, it became a community block of Bilaspur district and in 1986 its status was raised to a tehsil. The headquarters of Kabirdham is Kawardha. Kawardha City was established by first Jamindar of Kawardha riyasat Mahabali Singh on
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Kabirdham district
History & Demographics & Languages
1751. Demographics According to the 2011 census Kabirdham district has a population of 822,239, roughly equal to the nation of Comoros or the US state of South Dakota. This gives it a ranking of 479th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 195 inhabitants per square kilometre (510/sq mi) . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 40.66%. Kabirdham has a sex ratio of 997 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 61.95%. Languages At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 99.36% of the population in
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Kabirdham district
Languages & Divisions
the district spoke Hindi and 0.41% Gondi as their first language. Languages spoken include Agariya, an Austroasiatic tongue with approximately 72 000 speakers, spoken in the Maikal Hills. Divisions The district is divided into four tehsils, Kabirdham,Bodla,Sahaspur Lohara and Pandariya. Each tehsil is a single block of same name. The two Vidhan Sabha constituencies in this district are Kawardha and Pandariya.
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Karen Saxe
Education and career
Karen Saxe Karen Saxe is an American mathematician who specializes in functional analysis, and in the mathematical study of issues related to social justice. She is DeWitt Wallace Professor of Mathematics, Emerita at Macalester College,. She is Associate Executive Director of the American Mathematical Society and Director of its Office of Government Relations, based in Washington DC. She is the author of Beginning Functional Analysis, published in the Springer Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics series in 2001. Education and career Saxe graduated from Bard College in 1982. She obtained her Ph.D. from the University of Oregon in 1988, with a dissertation on
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Karen Saxe
Education and career & Recognition
Fredholm theory supervised by Bruce Barnes. She joined the Macalester faculty in 1991. She chaired the department of mathematics, statistics, and computer science at Macalester from 2007 to 2013, and was named DeWitt Wallace Professor in 2015. She took part on a commission to redraw Minnesota's congressional districts in 2010, and has served as a science and technology advisor to Minnesota senator Al Franken. Recognition Saxe is the recipient of a Distinguished Teaching Award from the Mathematical Association of America. In 2017 she was given an honorary doctorate by Bard College.
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Keith Hawkins
Early years & Poker career
Keith Hawkins Early years Hawkins claims he got hooked on gambling after placing his first winning bet on the 1974 Derby (10p on Snow Knight at 66/1.) He began playing five card draw at school as a teenager, and was later introduced to Texas hold 'em by Neil Channing. Poker career Hawkins is a regular on the European poker tournament circuit, with tournament wins in Southampton, Luton, Dundee, London and Sheffield. Amongst these wins was the £1,500 no limit hold 'em event at the Grosvenor UK Open 2002, where he defeated Jan Sjavik to win the £39,000 first prize. As of 2007,
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Keith Hawkins
Poker career & Online poker & Poker writing & Personal life
his total live tournament winnings exceed $700,000. This ranks him in the top 40,000 players of all time. Online poker On 14 May 2006, Hawkins finished 7th in the PokerStars $1,000,000 guaranteed tournament, for over $20,000. He plays online as The Camel. Poker writing Hawkins writes regular articles for Card Player Magazine and The Hendon Mob's website and also posts on their forum as The Camel. He also posts on the BlondePoker and Two Plus Two forums. Personal life Outside of poker, Hawkins has one son, Jake, born 30 September 2005. He supports Queens Park Rangers F.C.He also has
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Keith Hawkins
Personal life
a girl friend
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Ketley
Ketley Bank
Ketley Ketley Bank Ketley Bank is located to the SE of Ketley, between Oakengates and the M54 motorway. It is part of Oakengates civil parish. There is one football club — Ketley Bank United that play in the Mercian Regional Football League.
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Khamis Abdullah Saifeldin
Khamis Abdullah Saifeldin Khamis Abdullah Saifeldin (Arabic: خميس عبدالله سيف الدين‎) (born 1 February 1976) is a Qatari runner who specialized in the 3000 metre steeplechase. He is of Sudanese descent. He represented Sudan at the 1996 Summer Olympics and Qatar at the 2000 Summer Olympics and the 2004 Summer Olympics. In addition he has medals from the Asian Athletics Championships, the Gulf Cooperation Council Championships, the West Asian Games and the Arab Athletics Championships.
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Kieran Quirke
Club football
Kieran Quirke Club football In 2006, Quirke won the Kerry Junior Football Championship with Duagh. The team went on to emerge from Munster with Quirke playing a key part as they qualified for the All-Ireland Junior Club Football Championship final in 2007. However, Greencastle GAA defeated them by one point in the final. Quirke went on to win that year's Kerry Senior Football Championship with Feale Rangers as they beat South Kerry by a point in the final with Maher setting up a vital goal. In 2012 he captained Duagh to a first North Kerry Championship title in 50
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Kieran Quirke
Club football & Inter-county football
years. Inter-county football Quirke have played minor with Kerry and was only s sub with the Under 21 team. It was with the county junior team he was first noticed when he won a Munster championship in 2008 and later lost the All Ireland semi final. After a few years away from the team he was back in 2012 and won a second Munster title and later an All Ireland title. He was a member for the Kerry senior panel in 2008 & 2009, playing 5 league games in 2009 and winning a medal as a member of the panel who
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Kieran Quirke
Inter-county football
beat Derry in the final. he also won an All Ireland title later on as a member of the panel.
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Kitty in My Pocket
Vivid Imaginations
Kitty in My Pocket Vivid Imaginations The first generation of toys were initially released in individual blind packets. Later releases came in blister packs containing multiple figures. Family group figures were also released that came with a mother cat, kittens and a basket. A play set was also released that consisted of a large plastic house that folded out and contained accessories. Two later variations on the line, "Love 'n' Sparkle" (cats that came with glittery stickers) and "Animal Hospital" (cats that had "injuries" that turned red in cold water), returned the blind packet method of distribution as well as continuing
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Kitty in My Pocket
Vivid Imaginations & Corinthian Marketing/MEG Toys & Just Play
blister pack issues. Another large play set house was released with the "Animal Hospital" theme. Corinthian Marketing/MEG Toys The second generation of toys were released in 2007. They were available in blister packs with multiple figurines and in blind boxes that came with jelly beans and three figurines. The first blister-packaged releases came in jewellery sets called Fashion Packs. These had small figurines that could clip onto pieces of jewellery included with the set. Later releases included family sets with a mother cat and four kittens. Just Play The third generation was released in 2015. Just Play returned the individual blind
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Kitty in My Pocket
Just Play
packet distribution as well as clip-on sets and a clutch handbag playset that came with four figurines.
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Koblenz Fortress
Koblenz Fortress Koblenz Fortress was part of a Prussian fortress system near the city of Koblenz in Germany which consisted of the city fortifications of Koblenz and Ehrenbreitstein and exterior supporting constructions such as entrenchments and forts. Koblenz fortress was built in three stages: 1815-1830, 1859-1868 and 1871-1886. The designers were: Ernst von Aster and Gustav von Rauch. Individual parts of the fortication have been preserved, other parts were demolished over the course of time. For example, in 1890 part of the fortress was declassified, the gates were demolished between 1896-1899 and further structures were demolished in the years 1920-1927.
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Kris Engskov
Early life & Career
Kris Engskov Kris Engskov was President Bill Clinton's aide from 1997 to 2000. He was hired one month before the Clinton-Lewinsky scandal broke and was called to testify before a grand jury on that matter twice despite having taken on his job after most of the events in question already had occurred. Early life An Arkansas native from Berryville, Engskov had a childhood encounter with Clinton during a campaign visit to his home town in the 1970s. Career Engskov started his career at the White House working for the travel office in 1993 shortly after the White House travel office
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Kris Engskov
Career
controversy erupted; his work in keeping travel for White House correspondents flowing smoothly during the transition was praised by a Washington Times reporter, who wrote that Engskov "stood out, clearing travel plan hurdles with his dry humor and confidence," as when he stepped in to convince the Air Force not to block takeoff of a charter flight whose pilot had no money to pay for fuel at Andrews Air Force Base. He then worked as an assistant press secretary for about two years, during which Clinton once made an April Fools' Day announcement of Engskov to replace an injured Mike
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Kris Engskov
Career & Post-Clinton
McCurry: Still hobbled from his knee surgery, Clinton deadpanned that McCurry had "made a fool of himself" by falling down and hurting his knee. "So until we can bring him back to full health, Chris [sic] Engskov is going to do the daily briefing today, and he will be my press secretary during Mike's absence," Clinton said. Engskov, 25, is an Arkansas native who works in the press office. "I thought we ought to have a presidential secretary who doesn't have an accent," Clinton quipped. Engskov became the president's body man in December 1997. Post-Clinton In June 2000 he left
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Kris Engskov
Post-Clinton
the White House to work as an analyst at the Madrona Venture Group in Seattle, Washington. In 2003 Engskov joined Starbucks as a director of Public Policy. As of 2009, he also was serving as a member of the King County Task Force on Regional Human Services. On July 20, 2011 it was announced that Engskov would become the new managing director of Starbucks UK and Ireland starting in September 2011. Of the move, John Culver, president of Starbucks Coffee International, said: "Kris brings a great deal of operational and public affairs experience to the role, and is an ideal candidate
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Kris Engskov
Post-Clinton & Other
to continue the momentum Starbucks has achieved in this region. The addition of Kris to the team is a further sign of our commitment to international markets as a key growth engine for the company." He is now the Executive Vice-President and President of U.S. Retail for Starbucks. Other The character Charlie Young from The West Wing, played by actor Dulé Hill, is based in part on Engskov. Former Clinton press secretary Dee Dee Myers, who served as a consultant to the show, arranged for Hill to meet his real-life counterpart in 1999 when the show was just beginning, though
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Kris Engskov
Other
Engskov later joked that unlike Charlie, he would never have dated the president's daughter out of a concern for "job security." Author Christopher Farnsworth met with Engskov to discuss White House operations while preparing to write the 2010 vampire novel Blood Oath, and thanked Engskov in the acknowledgements to the book.
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Kudditji Kngwarreye
Life
Kudditji Kngwarreye Life Kngwarreye was born and lived in the Anmatyerre language group at Alhalkere in the Utopia community, about 250 km north east of Alice Springs. His country was given the name Utopia by German Settlers, who transformed the land in to cattle stations. He became a skilled stockman, which in recent years we as a nation have begun to recognise the key role Aboriginal people played in the development in the cattle industry in Australia. Kudditji witnessed the success of Albert Namatjira, and experienced the 1967 referendum. Kudditji and his countrymen had their land claim approved in 1979 and
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Kudditji Kngwarreye
Life
throughout the years he has felt the effects of different government policies on Indigenous people of the Northern Territory. Kngwarreye took up painting around 1986, his highly intuitive and gestural method of painting was not welcomed by galleries, and he was encouraged to paint in the fashionable style of the time, executing works with detailed infill. After seeing Emily Kame Kngwarreye catapult on to the Australian and International Art scene, Kudditji resumed his exploration in to the abstract which he continued until he 'put down the brush' in 2015. Kudditji participated in many international exhibitions and became known for his depictions
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Kudditji Kngwarreye
Life
of his Dreamings; their abstract imagery, bold colour use and intuitive interplay with space and form has cemented his name in the Aboriginal art scene. But being a ground-breaking contemporary Indigenous Australian artist was just one chapter in this man's life story. He had a traditional bush upbringing and worked as a stockman and mine worker for many years. He was also a traditional custodian of many important Dreamings, of the land and Men's Business ceremonial sites located in his country at Utopia Station, about 230 km north east of Alice Springs. Over the years his Dreamings have profoundly evolved into extraordinary juxtaposed
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Kudditji Kngwarreye
Life
colour fields, startling in both composition and hue. Harsh or soft and often surprising to the Western eye, his painterly style maps out the creation, his country, and his traditional Dreamings. While his spatial, painterly compositions have a Rothko-esque quality to them, the work of this Anmatyerre elder from the Northern Territory is clearly a unique Australian voice. In 2006 Kudditji was named as one of the top 50 most collectible artists in Australia by Art Collector magazine. Kudditji actively painted from 1986 to 20113 when he became ill. In 2013, Kate Owen Gallery presented the exhibition ‘The Master Returns’ – a long-awaited
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Kudditji Kngwarreye
Life
new body of work by Kudditji and his first since overcoming a difficult battle with illness. They weren’t sure what to expect, but the results were phenomenal. He appeared re-invigorated, not only in a health sense but in his approach to his work; bold, strong, assertive, energised and compelling are some of the words that come to mind when I think back on that exhibition. Gallery Owner and Director, Mr Geoff Henderson commented at the time, “Quite simply, this is the most powerful and compelling body of works I’ve seen from him”. Kudditji continued to paint until 2015 when illness
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Kudditji Kngwarreye
Life & Art Style
prevented him from painting any longer. Two years later in January 2017 he peacefully passed away in a retirement home in Alice Springs. Art Style Acrylic paintings were introduced to Utopia in 1988/89 by Rodney Gooch and others of the Central Australian Aboriginal Media Association (CAAMA). An exhibition of some of the paintings of these artists' work organised by CAAMA was held called "A Summer Project", where Kngwarreye's work got immediate attention from critics. The attention she received coincided with the worldwide art boom that occurred at this time. Whereas the predominant Aboriginal style was based on the one developed with
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Kudditji Kngwarreye
Art Style
some assistance from art teacher Geoffrey Bardon at the Papunya community in 1971 of many similarly sized dots carefully lying next to each other in distinct patterns members of the Utopia community were encouraged by Mike Mitchell of Muk Muk Fine Art (now Mitchell Fine Art) and after intensive workshopping and trialling, the quintessential Kudditji brushwork emerged. Kngwarreye further refined and created his own original artistic style. Like many of the desert artists, he mastered the use of acrylic paint on canvas. His exciting use of colour combined with simple shapes tell the stories of one of his inherited ancestral
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Kudditji Kngwarreye
Art Style
totems - the Emu Ancestors, their travels and teachings depicting various interpretations of the Emu Dreaming sites and ceremonies associated with Men's Business. Initially, his highly intuitive and gestural method of painting that he became known for was not welcomed by galleries. Instead, he was encouraged to paint in the fashionable style of the time, executing works with overt iconography, figurative elements and detailed infill. After seeing the great Utopian artist Emily Kame Kngwarreye catapult on to the Australian and International Art scene using a technique similar to his, Kudditji resumed his exploration of the abstract. From early 2003 Kudditji began
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Kudditji Kngwarreye
Art Style
to experiment with paint to eradicate the pointillist style altogether and use a heavily loaded paint brush to sweep broadly across the canvas in stages, similar to the western landscape plane. These paintings were romantic images of his country, accentuating the colour and form of the landscape, including the depth of the sky in the raining season and in the summer heat. While the early body of this work was admired by an astute few it was not well received at the time. Today Kudditji's works have a national and international following. He has been represented in major exhibitions and has
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Kudditji Kngwarreye
Art Style & Emu dreaming
gained worldwide recognition for his traditional depictions of his dreamings. For international collectors of contemporary art, Kudditji quickly became an obvious addition. Collectors saw mastery in his paint handling technique and appreciated his floating fields of luminous colour. Whilst many international visitors compared him to the great American abstract impressionist, Mark Rothko, Kudditji was totally unaware of any similarities. He was just painting his country, his Dreamings, his way. Emu dreaming During his younger days Kudditji frequently took the young boys/men hunting emu in these lands, merging tradition with practice as part of their initiation as men. It is
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Kudditji Kngwarreye
Emu dreaming
the land of this experience that Kudditji painted his 'Emu Dreamings' and his 'My Country' works. While painting, Kudditji could be heard singing. On one level it was a way of infusing his works with stories of the land; the ancestors, hunts, travels and the food and water of Anmatyerre country. On other levels, the act of painting reminded him of home and his singing was his way of maintaining his bond with his country, far away from Alice Springs. He painted the country he longed to see again, and, at least in that moment of singing and painting, he returned
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Kudditji Kngwarreye
Emu dreaming & Artists Influenced
to his country, if only in his heart and mind. Kudditji held the responsibility of an Elder, and frequently took the young boys/men hunting emu across his ancestral lands, merging tradition with practice as part of their initiation as men. Artists Influenced Artists around the world were inspired by the work of Kudditji Kngwarreye, including Melbourne-based painter Vincent Fantauzzo (a four-time Archibald People’s Choice Award winner). Vincent’s 2016 exhibition Last Contact at Nanda Hobbs Gallery showcased five triptychs; each containing a portrait of a great Central Australian artist, together with a painting by the Indigenous artist and a landscape by Fantuazzo.
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Kudditji Kngwarreye
Artists Influenced
His great affection and respect for Kudditji is undeniable “"He kind of looks like a character from Lord of the Rings but there's nothing fake about him. Everything is genuine and real." Fantauzzo has commented on the sense of urgency he felt to complete his portrait, when in 2015 Kudditji fell ill and there were fears he may not recover. "I get goosebumps thinking about it. That's the time when I realised what he meant to me and what he taught me." Fantuazzo entered his portrait of Kngwarreye in the 2015 Archibald Prize as well as Kngwarreye’s artwork in the Wynne
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Kudditji Kngwarreye
Artists Influenced & Awards
Prize. Neither painting was shown in the finalist exhibition. Another artist to have been positively influenced by Kudditji Kngwarreye is Philip Lindsay (b. 1955 -), a Sydney-based landscape and portrait artist and finalist in the Art Gallery of New South Wales 2011 Sir John Sulman Prize. Philip claims to have taken extensive inspiration for Kngwarreye, particularly his early life living as a stockman in the remote parts of central Australia. Philip Hunter Lindsay has painted over a dozen unique, sought after colourful portraits of Kudditji Kngwarreye over a decade of his admiration for the unique, Australian artist. Awards In 2006
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Kudditji Kngwarreye
Awards
Kudditji was named as one of the top 50 most collectible artists in Australia by Art Collector magazine.
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Lady Denison-Pender Shoal
Geography & Administration
Lady Denison-Pender Shoal Geography This shoal, with a least depth of 14.6 m, is located immediately north of the Amirantes Bank, but separated from it by water more than 300 m deep. It is located 10 km northwest of North Island on African Banks, the northernmost island of the Amirante Islands. It is named after the cable steamer CS Lady Denison Pender that was built in Glasgow in 1920 and was in service until 1963. Administration The shoal belongs to Outer Islands District, for EEZ purposes.
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Leidsegracht
History
Leidsegracht History The Leidsegracht was part of the Expansion of Amsterdam and marked the border between the first and the second phase of the construction of the Grachtengordel (canal belt). Between 1615 and 1658, the Leidsegracht was the southern boundary of the city. The canal got its name in 1658 and is named after the city of Leiden. Cornelis Lely (1854–1929), the hydraulic engineer, governor and minister who made the original plans for the reclamation of the Zuiderzee, was born on Leidsegracht no. 39. He is depicted on a gable stone between the Zuiderzee and the new IJsselmeer. Pieter Goemans was inspired to
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160,540
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Leidsegracht
History
write the classic song Aan de Amsterdamse grachten (On the Amsterdam canals) in 1949 while walking across the bridge where the Prinsengracht and the Leidsegracht intersect. Almost all canal houses and former warehouses on this canal are now houses.
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Lethbridge Police Service
History & Lethbridge Regional Police Commission
Lethbridge Police Service History The Lethbridge Police Force was established in 1902 with a staff of two constables and served a population of about 2,000. Thomas "the Just" Lewis was appointed the chief of police. In 2009, the police service employed 155 officers, 47 civilian staff and over 40 civilian volunteers, and served a population of 92,435. Lethbridge Regional Police Commission The service is governed by a nine-person commission composed of three members of the Lethbridge City Council and six citizens. The commission oversees the service, allocates funds from the council and establishes policing policies. They provide instruction to the
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Lethbridge Police Service
Lethbridge Regional Police Commission & Organization & Training & Structure & Equipment
police chief regarding sufficient staffing levels. Organization The head of the service is Chief Robert A. Davis, who has over 28 years of policing experience, primarily in Ontario. The executive officers heading the service's four divisions are Inspector Tom Ascroft, Inspector Colin Catonio, Inspector Jeff Cove, and Inspector Bill Kaye. Training As of 2005, newly hired officers must complete the Police Recruit Training Program through the Centre for Advancement in Community Justice, located at the Lethbridge College. Structure The organization of the police service includes four divisions: community policing, criminal investigation, administrative support and support services. Equipment Officers are equipped
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Lethbridge Police Service
Equipment
with SIG Sauer P226 pistols in .40 S&W as their standard sidearm.
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Letters from Iceland
Letters from Iceland Letters from Iceland is a travel book in prose and verse by W. H. Auden and Louis MacNeice, published in 1937. The book is made up of a series of letters and travel notes by Auden and MacNeice written during their trip to Iceland in 1936 compiling light-hearted private jokes and irreverent comments about their surrounding world. Auden's contributions include the poem "Journey to Iceland"; a prose section "For Tourists"; a five-part verse "Letter to Lord Byron"; a selection of writings on Iceland by other authors, "Sheaves from Sagaland"; a prose letter to "E. M. Auden" (E.M. was Erika
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Letters from Iceland
Mann), which included his poems "Detective Story" and "O who can ever praise enough"; a prose letter to Kristian Andreirsson, Esq.; a free-verse letter to William Coldstream, and, in collaboration with MacNeice, "W. H. Auden and Louis MacNeice: Their Last Will and Testament" (in verse). MacNeice's contributions include a verse letter to Graham and Anne Shepard; the satiric prose "Hetty to Nancy" (unsigned); a verse Epilogue; and MacNeice's contributions to "W. H. Auden and Louis MacNeice: Their Last Will and Testament". Auden revised his sections of the book for a new edition published in 1966. The book is mentioned multiple times throughout the
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Letters from Iceland
In Film
2007 Oscar-nominated film, Away from Her, in which several passages are read aloud during the film. Letters from Iceland is categorised under the "Inter-war pastorals" style of writing, where poets are attached to an imaginary countryside from where they contemplate people, literature and politics. The book is considered as a thirties classics. In Film Letters from Iceland is referenced in several scenes of the 2006 film Away from Her. The protagonist, whose wife is suffering from Alzheimer's disease, reads to her passages from the book, which - until she lost her memory - was dear to both of them.
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Liche
Liche Liche, also spelled Liché and Litché, was a settlement in Ethiopia in the late 19th and early 20th century. It was a major market town in Shoa and briefly served as that kingdom's capital. The future emperor Menelek was forced to move his court to Debra Bernam (modern Debre Berhan) in 1878 as part of his treaty with Yohannes IV.
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Limkokwing Academy of Creativity and Innovation
Launch
Limkokwing Academy of Creativity and Innovation Launch The launch was held on the morning of July 16, 2010 as the Minister of Human Resource, Malaysia, Datuk Dr. S Subramanian and the founder of Limkokwing University of Creative Technology Tan Sri Dato' Sri Dr. Lim Kok Wing headed the ceremony in Limkokwing University's main campus in Cyberjaya, Malaysia. Press, students, and staff were invited to witness the launching ceremony. Subramanian gave the keynote address to the public stating "You [Lim Kok Wing] are going to open many more doors to build new skills and, I hope, unlock vast resources of talent
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Limkokwing Academy of Creativity and Innovation
Launch & Accreditation & Entry requirements
and expertise that lie untapped in our citizens who otherwise do not have the opportunity to build their skills to access high income careers." Accreditation Based on databases by the Malaysian Qualifications Agency and Department of Skills Development Malaysia, programmes conducted by Limkokwing Academy of Creativity and Innovation holds no accreditation. As the result of this, the graduates are not able to pursue further education in Malaysia using the acquired qualifications. For the purpose of employment, employers may be able to accept these graduates based on their own requirements. Entry requirements There is no education entry requirement for the academy.
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Limkokwing Academy of Creativity and Innovation
Entry requirements
It was established for the students fresh from secondary school who did not pass their SPM (O Levels) and do not have the necessary credits (put in place by the Ministry of Education) to enroll in a local university. The main goal of the academy is to further human development in Malaysia through equal opportunities in the education sector.
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Liran Dan
Career
Liran Dan Career As the head of Public Diplomacy and Media for the 32nd and 33rd governments, Liran Dan was responsible for public diplomacy, media and Chief spokesperson during Operation Pillar of Defense and Operation Protective Edge, four UN General Assembly sessions (2011-2014), Prime Minister Netanyahu's speech to the US Congress in March 2015, Pope Francis' visit to Israel in May 2014 and US President Barack Obama's visit to Israel in March 2013. Liran Dan joined the Prime Minister's Bureau in 2011 as Director of Public Diplomacy and media. In February 2012, he was appointed Director of Communications & Chief Media
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Liran Dan
Career & Background
Adviser to Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. Previous to serving in that position, Dan served as VP Digital Media for Channel 2 news. This position included establishing a new digital desk and signing commercial contracts with international corporations. Dan previously served as the editor of the Channel 2 nightly news edition - the highest-rated news program in Israel. Background Dan has an Executive MBA degree from Tel-Aviv University, and a BA in Political Science & History from Bar-Ilan University.
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Listed buildings in Claughton, Lancaster
Listed buildings in Claughton, Lancaster Claughton is a civil parish in Lancaster, Lancashire, England. It contains nine listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, one is at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish contains the village of Claughton, and is otherwise rural. Its major structure is Claughton Hall, a country house that was moved from its original site in the village to a more isolated position in 1932–35. The hall is listed, and
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Listed buildings in Claughton, Lancaster
the other listed buildings include a former wing of the hall that is now a farmhouse, other houses, a barn, a church, a cross base in the churchyard, and a milestone.
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Liu Heng (footballer)
Club career
Liu Heng (footballer) Club career Liu Heng started his professional football career in 2015 when his was loaned to China League Two side Baotou Nanjiao from Hangzhou Greentown. In February 2017, Liu transferred to his home town club Henan Jianye in the Chinese Super League. He made his debut for Henan on 7 April 2017 in a 1–0 away defeat against Beijing Guoan.
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160,548
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Live Nassau Coliseum '76
Critical reception
Live Nassau Coliseum '76 Critical reception Writer Nicholas Pegg described the album as “an excellent memento of one of Bowie’s greatest tours, with highlights including a majestic ‘Word On A Wing’, an über-cool ‘Waiting For The Man’, and riotous, thrilling renditions of ‘Stay’ and ‘The Jean Genie’ ” with “Bowie and his terrific 1976 band on blistering form.”
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Logic Spectacles
Logic Spectacles Logic Spectacles, Thomas Carlyle's name for eyes that can discern only the external relations of things, but not the inner nature of them.
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Louis Victorin Cassagne
Early career
Louis Victorin Cassagne Early career Cassagne was born on 5 June 1774 at Alan in what later became the Haute-Garonne department. On 23 March 1793 he joined a free company as a lieutenant and, the next day, saw the unit merged with the 8th Battalion of the Haute-Garonne Volunteers with Cassagne as captain. Assigned to the Army of the Eastern Pyrenees, he defended the crossing of the Têt River near Perpignan in August 1793. He served with distinction in November 1794 at the Battle of the Black Mountain and subsequent capture of Sant Ferran Castle at Figueres. After the Peace
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Louis Victorin Cassagne
Early career
of Basel ended the war with Spain, Cassagne's unit transferred to the Army of Italy. At the Battle of Loano on 22 November 1795, Cassagne was wounded in the left thigh while attacking the Rocca Barbena position. In 1796 Cassagne led the scouts of the left wing of André Masséna's division. Ordered to pursue the Austrians after the Battle of Lonato, he was seriously wounded by a musket shot in the chest on 3 August near Lake Garda. Still leading his scouts, he forced a body of Austrian cavalry to surrender on 16 January 1797 near Mantua. He was shot in
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Louis Victorin Cassagne
Early career
the left leg at the Battle of Tarvis in March. During the campaign in Egypt, Cassagne commanded the scouts of Louis André Bon's division. He fought at the Battle of the Pyramids in 1798 and at the Siege of Acre in 1799. At Acre he was stabbed twice in the left thigh, twice in the left arm and once in the hand. His wounding occurred on 29 May 1799 while storming a defensive work and killing every Turkish defender, at the cost of two-thirds of his own soldiers. He was promoted chef de bataillon for this action. Cassagne was shot
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Louis Victorin Cassagne
Early career
through the thigh while fighting the British at the Battle of Alexandria on 21 March 1801. He was appointed colonel of the 25th Line Infantry Demi-brigade on 29 May of the same year. After returning to France, Cassagne was assigned to defend Maubeuge until 1804 when he was sent to Bruges. He became an officer of the Legion of Honor on 4 June 1804. His regiment was placed in Charles-Étienne Gudin de La Sablonnière's division in the III Corps. He fought in the War of the Third Coalition in the Austrian Empire in 1805 and in the Kingdom of Prussia and
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Early career & Spain
Poland in 1806–1807. At the Battle of Auerstadt, the 25th Line Infantry Regiment captured two cannons from the Prussians and Cassagne was hit in the face by a bullet and had a horse killed under him. The 25th Line fought at the Battle of Pułtusk on 26 December 1806 and at the Battle of Eylau on 8 February 1807. Cassagne was promoted general of brigade on 7 June 1807. Napoleon raised him to the dignity of Baron of the Empire on 8 March 1808. Spain Cassagne entered Spain as part of the 2nd Corps of Observation of the Gironde under
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Spain
Pierre Dupont de l'Étang. He was a brigade commander in Dominique Honoré Antoine Vedel's 6,884-man division. The division consisted of one battalion of the 3rd Swiss Regiment and three battalions each of the 1st and 5th Legions of the Reserve. In 1807, Napoleon summoned for duty the young men from the classes of 1808 and 1809. Even after the regular regiments were made up to full strength, there remained a glut of conscripts. These raw troops were formed into the Legions of Reserve. In May 1808, Napoleon directed Dupont to seize Seville in the south of Spain. In Dupont's entire
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Spain
force there was only one battalion of veterans. On 2–3 July Dupont ordered one of Vedel's brigades to march to the city of Jaén and the raid was a success. According to his service record, Cassagne was wounded at Jaén on 2 July. After a series of grievous blunders by Dupont and Vedel, Dupont surrendered the survivors of his 10,000 men after the Battle of Bailén on 20 July 1808. Even though Vedel was not surrounded, he meekly surrendered his division a few days later. Cassagne argued forcefully against surrendering but he was not in a position to change the terms
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Spain
of the capitulation. His opposition reached the ears of Napoleon so Bailén did not blight his career. Cassagne and the other generals were immediately released, but the Spanish violated the terms of the surrender. They were supposed to repatriate the captured troops back to France. Instead they held them until 1814 under terrible conditions and half of the men died. Dupont, Vedel, Armand Samuel de Marescot, Théodore Chabert and François Marie Guillaume Legendre d'Harvesse were imprisoned by Napoleon for nine months, then released. Dupont was sent back to prison in 1812–1814, but the others were pardoned or put on half-pay. Sent
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Louis Victorin Cassagne
Spain
back to Spain, Cassagne took command of a brigade in the I Corps in April 1809. He led his troops at the Battle of Talavera on 27–28 July. On the second day, Marshal Claude Perrin Victor ordered the divisions of François Amable Ruffin and Eugène-Casimir Villatte to turn the Allied left flank. Ruffin deployed on the extreme right and Cassagne's brigade of Villatte's division was to Ruffin's left. As Cassagne's brigade edged forward, the 27th Light and 63rd Line Infantry Regiments were charged by the British 23rd Light Dragoons. The British cavalry galloped unwittingly into an unseen streambed, dismounting many
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Spain
troopers and throwing the regiment into disorder. After quickly realigning their ranks, the two left squadrons charged the 27th Light, which was formed into a large square, and were driven off with considerable loss. The two right squadrons rode past the square, plunged into a French cavalry brigade and were cut to pieces. The 23rd Light Dragoons lost 207 killed, wounded and captured out of a total of 450 in this combat. Cassagne's two regiments suffered approximately 200 casualties from Allied artillery fire. The Siege of Cádiz lasted from 5 February 1810 to 25 August 1812 and occupied the attentions of
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Spain
Victor's corps. In February 1811, Victor had 19,000 French soldiers besieging 20,000 Spanish and 5,000–6,000 Anglo-Portuguese troops in Cádiz. Leaving 7,000 mostly Spanish troops to hold Cádiz, the Allies gathered a force of 9,600 Spanish and 5,000 British troops to be landed by ship behind the French lines. Manuel Lapeña assumed overall command of the expedition while Thomas Graham, 1st Baron Lynedoch led the Anglo-Portuguese division. The object of the expedition was to break the siege. On 23 February, Spanish partisans skirmished with Cassagne on 23 February 1811, who held Medina-Sidonia with two battalions. Alerted, Victor reinforced Cassagne with three
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Spain
battalions and a cavalry regiment, to make a total of 3,000 men. On 4 March Cassagne reported that the Allied column was no longer headed for Medina-Sidonia, but was on a road farther west. Victor ordered Cassagne to march to join the rest of the corps near Chiclana de la Frontera on the morning of 5 March if no Allied units were nearby. However, Cassagne started late in the morning and Victor attacked without him and was defeated by Graham's division in the Battle of Barrosa on 5 March. Cassagne arrived only in time to rally the beaten troops and
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Spain
temporarily take command of Villatte's division after that general was wounded. Given command of the rearguard, Cassagne found that his position was not disturbed. Though the Allies won the battle, Lapeña supinely retreated within Cádiz without breaking the siege. An Army of the South organization of 3 March 1812 showed Cassagne leading the 1st Brigade of the 2nd Division under Pierre Barrois. The brigade consisted of three battalions each of the 16th Light and 8th Line Infantry Regiments. He was promoted general of division on 30 May 1813. Though still with the Army of the South, his division was attached to
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Spain & Germany 1813
the Army of the Center under Jean-Baptiste Drouet, comte d'Erlon at the Battle of Vitoria on 21 June 1813. At Vitoria, Joseph Braun commanded the brigade that included the 16th Light and 8th Line while Jacques Blondeau led the brigade that comprised the 51st and 54th Line. Cassagne's division counted 95 officers and 5,114 men. The division's losses at Vitoria were modest: nine killed, 76 wounded and 178 missing, for a total of 263 casualties. Germany 1813 Ordered to travel to Mainz, Cassagne was assigned to command of the 1st Division of the I Corps. The 7th Light, 12th Line
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Germany 1813
and 17th Line Regiments suffered extremely heavy losses at the Battle of Kulm on 29–30 August. It is not clear that Cassagne was present at Kulm because his name is not mentioned in historian Francis Loraine Petre's account, unlike other division commanders like Jean-Baptiste Dumonceau and Armand Philippon. At Kulm on the first day, Dominique Vandamme's 38,000 French faced 14,700, rising to 20,000 Allies. That day each side lost about 6,000 men. On the second day, Vandamme's 32,000 fought 44,000 Allies before being attacked from behind by a Prussian corps. Vandamme was captured and his forces lost 15,000 men, including
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Germany 1813
10,000 prisoners. The Allies admitted losing 3,319 men. After the Kulm disaster, the I Corps was rebuilt and placed under Georges Mouton, Count Lobau. On 7 September 1813, Cassagne's 1st Division had two brigades. The 1st Brigade (no commander given) included the 1st and 2nd Battalions of the 7th Light (1,022 men) and 12th Line (1,547 men) Infantry Regiments. The 2nd Brigade under Raymond Aimery de Fezensac consisted of the 1st and 2nd Battalions of the 17th Line (1,531 men) and the 3rd Battalion of the 36th Line (446 men). Attached were the 8/2nd Foot Artillery (65 men) and 23/3rd
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Germany 1813
Foot Artillery (57 men) Companies and detachments (125 men) from the 1st, 1st bis and 14th Artillery Train Battalions. On 14 September, the I Corps was involved in a clash at Berggiesshübel. By 25 September, by combat and sickness, the strength of the 7th Light had shrunk to 643 men, the 12th Line to 976 men, the 17th Line to 736 men and the 36th Line to 413 men. That day found Lobau's corps still near Berggiesshübel, while at the end of the month the corps was south of Dresden. In early October, Napoleon worried whether he should leave a strong
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Germany 1813
garrison in Dresden or abandon the city and add the troops to his army. On 7 October he finally decided to leave the I Corps and the XIV Corps under Marshal Laurent Gouvion Saint-Cyr in Dresden. Not concentrating every soldier for a major battle proved to be a serious error. The two corps were sorely missed on 16 October in the Battle of Leipzig. In the event, Saint-Cyr's troops were blockaded in Dresden after Napoleon's defeat. On 11 November, Saint-Cyr surrendered on the pledge that his soldiers would be paroled to France on the promise not to fight the Allies
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Germany 1813 & Later career
for the remainder of the war. As the men were on the march home, the Allies reneged on the agreement and the French soldiers became prisoners of war. Altogether, 36,000 troops marched into captivity in the Austrian Empire. Cassagne was held prisoner in Hungary. Later career After his release when the war ended, Cassagne was awarded the Order of Saint Louis and given command of the Haute-Garonne department during the Bourbon Restoration. During the Hundred Days he rallied to Napoleon and was assigned to lead an observation force in the eastern Pyrenees. After the second Bourbon Restoration, Cassagne was placed
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Louis Victorin Cassagne
Later career
in inactive status and barely escaped being lynched by Royalists in the south of France. He was returned to favor after the French Revolution of 1830. He was recalled to active duty on 3 January 1833 and assigned to the 2nd Section of the Army General Staff on 15 August 1839. He died at Toulouse on 6 July 1841. His name is on the south pillar of the Arc de Triomphe. Cassagne is buried in the Terre-Cabade Cemetery in Toulouse.
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Luise Kraushaar
Life
Luise Kraushaar Life It is not clear when nor precisely how Luise Szepansky became Luise Kraushaar: sources generally refer to her as Luise Kraushaar throughout. Luise Kraushaar was born in Berlin where her father worked as a graphic artist and painter (Malermeister). During the first part of her life the family lived in the working class inner city Wedding quarter, but by the time war broke out in July 1914 they had relocated to Mariendorf, a manufacturing town then on the southern edge of Berlin, and subsequently subsumed into it. In 1919 Kraushaar joined one of
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Luise Kraushaar
Life
the Freie sozialistische Jugend (Free Socialist Youth) movements proliferating in the political and social turbulence that followed the end of the war. The next year she became a member of the newly formed Kommunistischer Jugendverband Deutschlands (KJVD / Young Communist League), later becoming president of its Mariendorf district branch. She joined the ZdA (trades union) in 1923 and in 1924, the year of her nineteenth birthday, she became a member of Communist Party itself. She also attended a Lyceum (college) and completed a commercial training, which she was able to combine with trades union organisational
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Luise Kraushaar
Life
activities in the ZdA. Around 1930 Luise Kraushaar took a secretarial post with the Communist Party, working for Leo Roth, a party officer identified in some quarters as "Viktor", with links to Moscow. Roth is sometimes identified as an "agent" or a man responsible for "special contacts", but his precise role remains shadowy. He is described in one source as the nationwide head of the German Communist Party's Industrial Reporting Agency (Betriebsberichterstattung / BB-Apparat). Kraushaar's secretarial tasks involved "special duties" such as decoding encrypted messages, as well as typing up reports and lists of names.