text
stringlengths 127
2.59k
|
|---|
{"id": 5491, "answer": 3, "text": "Mr. Li decided not to visit mountains and Jiuzhai in the future. He must have visited Wu Yue and Jiu Zhai", "question": "Which of the following items is most similar to the logical reasoning structure of the above sentence?", "options": ["Phytosterol is an important physiologically active substance. Intake of phytosterol is very helpful to reduce cholesterol. People with high cholesterol must rarely use foods with high phytosterol content", "Green tea is non fermented tea, black tea is fully fermented tea, and Tie guanyin is semi fermented tea. It belongs to neither green tea nor black tea, so it is called oolong tea", "The road where the city cleaning car passes is always wet. Today, the elevated road is very dry. The cleaning car must have never been there", "Lung diseases are largely related to smoking. Patients with lung tumors usually choose to quit smoking. Li Gang plans to quit smoking recently. He must have found lung tumors"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 1182, "answer": 3, "text": "Economists and political philosophers have great ideological power, which is often unexpected. In fact, these are the only ideas that rule the world.Many practitioners think that they are not influenced by any theory, but they often become slaves to some late economist.Crazy people are in power, thinking that they are inspired by the world, so that they have arrogant ideas and even a scholar a few years ago. I am sure that both the benefit and eyesight are exaggerated, which is far less powerful than the gradual muddy power of thought.", "question": "Which of the following is the author is main point of view?", "options": ["Politicians are slaves to thinkers", "Madman's governance is less affected by theory", "The power of vested interests is easily exaggerated", "The influence of thought is very great"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 11715, "answer": 1, "text": "Adult frogs are vulnerable to dehydration because of their highly permeable skins. Unlike large adult frogs, small adult frogs have such a low ratio of body weight to skin surface area that they cannot survive in arid climates. The animals' moisture requirements constitute the most important factor determining where frogs can live in the Yucatan peninsula, which has an arid climate in the north and a wet climate in the south.", "question": "The information above most strongly supports which one of the following conclusions about frogs in the Yucatan peninsula?", "options": ["Fewer small adult frogs live in the south than do large adult frogs.", "Large adult frogs can live in more of the area than small adult frogs can.", "Small adult frogs in the south have less permeable skins than small adult frogs in the north.", "Large adult frogs cannot coexist with small adult frogs in the wet areas."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 14566, "answer": 1, "text": "All of the athletes lined up in the park this afternoon were waiting to participate in a charity run. Blake, Tina, and Sara had all signed up to participate in the charity run. No professional runners would sign up to participate in a charity run.", "question": "If the statements above are true, which of the following must also be true?", "options": ["Blake, Tina, and Sara were the only athletes lined up in the park this afternoon.", "Neither Tina nor Sara is a professional runner.", "None of the athletes lined up in the park this afternoon had ever participated in a charity run.", "Everyone in the park this afternoon was an amateur athlete."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 15120, "answer": 0, "text": "The head baker at Barry's Bagels can either purchase flour in-person from the local flour mill, Larry's Local Mill, or order a shipment of flour from an out-of-state mill, Isadore's Interstate Mill. The cost of the flour from Isadore's Interstate Mill is 10 percent less than the cost of the flour from Larry's Local Mill. Even after shipping and handling fees are added, it is still cheaper to order flour that has to be shipped from Isadore's than to buy flour locally from Larry's.", "question": "The statements above, if true, best support which of the following assertions?", "options": ["The shipping and handling fees for a batch of flour purchased from Isadore's Interstate Mill are less than 10 percent of the cost of an identical batch of flour purchased from Larry's Local Mill.", "Isadore's Interstate Mill produces flour 10% more efficiently than Larry's Local Mill does.", "Production costs at Isadore's Interstate Mill are 10 percent below those at Larry's Local Mill.", "The shipping and handling fees for a batch of flour purchased from Isadore's Interstate Mill are more than 10 percent of the cost of Isadore's flour."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 3446, "answer": 0, "text": "Several major power enterprises in country T recently jointly announced that they will give up domestic coal unless the price of domestic coal is reduced. The spokesman said that at present, the price of imported coal has been reduced to less than US $100 per ton, while the price of domestic coal remains high. However, people in the coal industry said that once the price of coal continues to decline, small and medium-sized coal mines will survive hard, The production power of large coal mining enterprises will also be seriously insufficient, and the whole domestic coal production industry will face a severe situation. After a period of time, people in the industry judged that the current domestic coal production enterprises have a severe situation.", "question": "The judgment of the industry must be based on which of the following facts?", "options": ["Domestic coal enterprises reduced coal production during this period", "The price of domestic coal in the country has always been high", "Domestic coal has no advantage in price competition with imported coal", "Several major power enterprises in the country have not given up buying domestic coal"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 11140, "answer": 0, "text": "The French novelist Colette (1873-1954) has been widely praised for the vividness of her language. But many critics complain that her novels are indifferent to important moral questions. This charge is unfair. Each of her novels is a poetic condensation of a major emotional crisis in the life of an ordinary person of her time. Such emotional crises almost invariably raise important moral questions.", "question": "Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?", "options": ["A novel that poetically condenses a major emotional crisis does not have to be indifferent to the important moral questions raised by that crisis.", "To deserve the level of praise that Colette has received, a novelist's work must concern itself with important moral questions.", "The vividness of Colette's language was not itself the result of poetic condensation.", "Critics who suggest that Colette's novels are indifferent to great moral questions of her time greatly underestimate her literary achievements."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 12657, "answer": 1, "text": "Residents at a retirement community always play card games for two hours, starting at 3: 00 p. m. every afternoon. Although it is clear that the residents take pleasure in this activity, they never continue their games for longer than two hours. Caregivers assume that since card games require great concentration and strain on the elderly residents' eyes, playing for more than two hours would give the residents headaches that would interfere with their ability to play bingo in the evenings.", "question": "Which of the following, if true, most seriously calls into question the caregivers' explanation?", "options": ["Experts have proven that playing card games has tremendous health benefits for elderly people.", "Residents at the retirement community are served dinner at 5:00 p. m. every evening.", "Playing bingo takes just as much concentration and causes equal strain on the eyes as card games.", "Most of the residents at the retirement community rank bingo at the top of their list of favorite activities."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 3189, "answer": 3, "text": "Role conflict refers to the contradiction and conflict that occurs when a person plays a role or plays several different roles at the same time due to incompetence.", "question": "Which of the following situations is not a role conflict?", "options": ["Some freshmen do not adapt to the new living environment after they enter school.", "An employee of a company was promoted to sales manager because of his outstanding performance, but he felt unable.", "During the holidays, Zhang's wife wanted him to travel with her, while his mother wanted him to go home with his parents.", "In a primary school in a remote mountainous area, a teacher taught both mathematics and Chinese, but the students did well in both subjects."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 13754, "answer": 1, "text": "McBride: The proposed new fuel-efficiency standards, if implemented, will discourage the manufacture of full-size cars. This prospect is troubling because when a subcompact and a full-size car collide, the people in the subcompact are more likely to be seriously injured than if theirs had also been a full-size car. The new fuel-efficiency standards should ttherefore be opposed. Leggett: But whenever any two cars collide, it is more likely that someone will be seriously injured if one of the cars is a full-size car than if neither car is full-size. So the new fuel-efficiency standards should be supported precisely because they discourage the manufacture of full-size cars.", "question": "McBride's and Leggett's statements commit them to disagreeing about the truth of which one of the following?", "options": ["Fuel conservation is less important than safety in case of a collision.", "The manufacture of full-size cars should be discouraged.", "The new fuel-efficiency standards will encourage automobile manufacturers to build more subcompact cars.", "Reducing the number of full-size cars on the highway will reduce the frequency of collisions between automobiles."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 9699, "answer": 0, "text": "\u2460Language is a symbol system, and the symbol system of each language bears the imprint of culture, which is the result of the collective cognition of the language community, and is the carrier of culture, which is the body of language. \u2461Language and Culture is one with two sides, and no one can completely separate language and culture. This is determined by the attributes of language. \u2462Therefore, there is no need to highlight cultural communication in international Chinese education, because learning a language is impossible without involving this kind of language. The cultural content carried by language is self-evident .\u2463the values of people and social groups who use this language implicit in language, and such values are often unaware of. \u2464 language is also thinking Tools and communication tools. When we use a language to think and communicate, it is impossible not to be influenced by this language. This is like the use of a language.", "question": "If you rearrange the above five sentences, which of the followings is the correct word order?", "options": ["\u2461\u2460\u2464\u2463\u2462", "\u2463\u2460\u2464\u2461\u2462", "\u2461\u2464\u2460\u2462\u2463", "\u2463\u2461\u2460\u2464\u2462"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 8536, "answer": 1, "text": "If the cost of producing a product in one country is lower than that in another country, then the country has a comparative advantage over another country in the production of this commodity.", "question": "According to the above definition, which of the followings is correct?", "options": ["If the cost of producing a product in one country is lower than that in another country, then the country has a comparative advantage over another country in the production of this commodity", "Country A has a large population and cheap labor attracts most mobile phone manufacturing companies of country B to set up production lines in country A. compared with country B, country A has a comparative advantage in mobile phone production", "Because of its beautiful natural scenery, an European country has become the location location of many Asian film studios. Compared with Asian countries, this European country has a comparative advantage in film production", "Country A is rich in oil resources, but natural gas resources are scarce. Country B imports oil from country A and exports natural gas to country A. compared with country A, country B has a comparative advantage in energy"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 8098, "answer": 0, "text": "The western Pacific is the most concentrated seamount system in the world. The Mariana Trench in the western Pacific is a plate subduction zone, and the submarine geological movement is very active. The material composition and genesis of seamount volcanic rocks are of great interest to Marine geologists. The warm pool and the North Equatorial Current in the Western Pacific have important effects on the climate of China, which are the focus of physical oceanography scientists. There is also the coral reef Delta with the highest Marine biodiversity in the world, which is a hot area for research on the origin and evolution of Marine organisms. Therefore, Marine scientists can carry out multi-disciplinary collaborative exploration and research on the hydrophysical, chemical and biogenic elements, topography and geomorphology, geological environment and biological ecology of seamounts here.", "question": "Which of the followings is mainly introduced in the passage?", "options": ["The importance of scientific research in the Western Pacific", "Understanding of the Seamount system in the Western Pacific", "The Marine resources of the Western Pacific region", "The influence of the Western Pacific on climate and geology in China"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 1866, "answer": 3, "text": "Animal skulls contain calcium and are difficult to dissolve in water. Someone once did an experiment in which 5 kilograms of pig bones plus 5 kilograms of water were boiled in a pressure cooker for 10 hours. the results showed that the calcium content in a bowl of bone soup was only 10 milligrams, which was less than 20 percent of the calcium content in a bag of milk. Bone soup also dissolves a lot of intraosseous fat, which can cause other health problems. Therefore, drinking bone soup may not be the best dietary therapy for osteoporosis, it is important to pay attention to dietary diversification and eat more calcium-rich foods, such as milk, tofu, shrimp skin, laver and so on.", "question": "Which of the following is the main content of this text?", "options": ["Drinking bone soup has both advantages and disadvantages", "Calcium supplementation is the key to the prevention of osteoporosis", "How to supplement calcium scientifically and effectively", "A diversified diet is the most scientific in daily life"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 1355, "answer": 3, "text": "The responsible judicature in ancient China means that judicial personnel must be responsible for their own actions. In Legalist thought, the theory of responsible judicature originated from the theory of responsible administration, because judicial power and administrative power were not separated at that time. The theory of responsible administration requires that the subject of administrative law enforcement must bear responsibility for his own actions. For this reason, the Qin Dynasty established a perfect supervision system to supervise the administrative law enforcement and investigate the illegal acts of the law enforcement subjects. At that time, judicial power was a part of executive power, so the supervision of administrative power included the supervision of judicial power. If the subject of supervision finds that judicial personnel have the problem of judicial injustice, they will punish them. It can be said that the supervision system was the premise of the establishment of the judicial responsibility system at that time. The judicial responsibility system of the Qin Dynasty is groundbreaking, as exemplified by the charges such as not being straight stipulated in the Law of the Qin Dynasty. Responsible judicature is also a kind of judicature of governing officials. Legalists advocate governing officials but not people and require that the style of officials should be brought into the track of the rule of law.", "question": "Which of the following mainly describes the content of this paragraph?", "options": ["The meaning of responsible Justice in Ancient China", "The essence and Historical significance of responsible Justice", "The emergence and Historical Evolution of the connotation of responsible Judicature", "The Origin of responsible Judicature and Legalist thought in Ancient China"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 985, "answer": 1, "text": "Illusion means that people sometimes cannot perceive external things completely correctly due to subjective and objective reasons, and various distortions will occur. It refers to a certain distorted perception of objective things under specific conditions.", "question": "Which of the followings is not an illusion?", "options": ["In the dark, people who look at a luminous point for a long time will find that the luminous point is moving.", "When the moon is above your head, you will find that no matter where you go, it always follows behind you.", "Wearing white clothes will make thin people look slightly plump, while wearing black clothes will make obese people look slim; horizontal stripe clothes make people look fatter, while vertical stripe clothes make people look thinner.", "One is lying on the bed and he feels like he is picked up in a sedan chair, with a feeling of turbulence."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 7533, "answer": 2, "text": "Secondary scandal: refers to a place or someone exposed after a scandal, and then pulled out of other scandals.", "question": "According to the above definition, which of the following is secondary scandal?", "options": ["Some city official's yan photo door spread the boiling uproar, the reporter checks the official's resume on the government website, accidentally found that the inspection photos of other leaders on the net actually have many PS", "After it was revealed that an official who had been smoking expensive cigarettes at the conference had been suspended, Internet users continued to search and soon discovered that he had several properties of unknown origin under his name", "An article by The Xinhua News Agency titled Seemingly Hidden, But Really Deceptive -- A Review of official rumors in the past combed through cases of official rumors that have emerged in recent years", "After the theft of the Palace Museum was reported in the news, due to the Palace Museum's improper response, theft door led to the wrong word door , club door , concealed door"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 144, "answer": 1, "text": "Skilled technique or enough time (more than one month) is regarded as necessary conditions to complete a handicraft. Xiao Zhou only took 25 days to complete a handicraft, which shows that Xiao Zhou has mastered skill.", "question": "Which of the following resembles the most to the above?", "options": ["For a product to sell well in the market, high quality and sufficient advertising are indispensable. There is an electric fan, and experts say that it is of high quality, but the sales are not good, indicating that its advertising is not enough.", "The family economy is bound to be not good with low salary and poor the financial management. Xiao Zhao's salary is not high, but his monthly financial condition is relatively good, indicating that Xiao Zhao is good at financial management.", "Either with an extraordinary performance this year, or with the 30 years of working experience in company, can one receive this year's special allowance. Mr. Huang received this year's special allowance, but he has only worked in the company for 10 years, indicating that Mr. Huang's performance of this year is extraordinary.", "A criminal who commits a crime must have both the motive and the time. In a certain case, Mr. Li has the motive but no time to commit the crime, indicating that Mr. Li is not the perpetrator of the crime."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 13223, "answer": 0, "text": "Commemorative plaques cast from brass are a characteristic art form of the Benin culture of West Africa. Some scholars, noting that the oldest surviving plaques date to the 1400s, hypothesize that brass-casting techniques were introduced by the Portuguese, who came to Benin in 1485 A. D. But Portuguese records of that expedition mention cast-brass jewelry sent to Benin' s king from neighboring Ife. So it is unlikely that Benin' s knowledge of brass casting derived from the Portuguese.", "question": "Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?", "options": ["The Portuguese had no contact with Ife until the 1500s.", "As early as 1500 A. D. , Benin artists were making brass plaques incorporating depictions of Europeans.", "In the 1400s the Portuguese did not use cast brass for commemorative plaques.", "Copper, which is required for making brass, can be found throughout Benin territory."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 1569, "answer": 2, "text": "Porcelain was originally a vulgar object and a daily necessities. It was originally born out of pottery. After thousands of years, it finally got rid of its original rough appearance, entered the hall and became a graceful work of art. But porcelain utensils used in daily life It is still used in daily life, and it has not lost its secularity because it has become a valuable artwork. Secular is the thick and huge artistic foundation of porcelain. On this basis, it has risen step by step, getting better and better, and the art is endless. The beauty is endless. It can be seen that the elegance resides in the vulgarity, and the vulgarity is also innocent, and the elegance and vulgarity are actually one.", "question": "Which of the following can express the meaning of this passage?", "options": ["Daily needs are the driving force for the development of porcelain art", "The development of porcelain art has experienced a long process from vulgar to elegant", "The vulgarity and elegance of porcelain art are interdependent and dialectically unified", "The crude daily necessities have evolved into exquisite works of art while still maintaining their secularit"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 715, "answer": 2, "text": "Xiao Zeng opened an account in a bank and handled online banking business, but soon after, Xiao Zeng found that 30000 yuan in his account had been transferred through online operation without his knowledge, and the password of the account was only known by himself and never leaked to others. Xiao Zeng found the bank and asked the bank to bear the responsibility, and the bank was very sure that the responsibility could not lie with him, It must be in Xiao Zeng. Although Xiao Zeng didn't deliberately disclose the password, he may have done it unintentionally", "question": "Which of the followings is most supported the bank's view:", "options": ["Xiao Zeng is very kind to his wife, but his wife has a different heart to Xiao Zeng", "Xiao Zeng liked drinking and was often drunk unconscious", "The bank's online banking system is impeccable", "The bank has never had a similar incident before"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 2552, "answer": 2, "text": "Professor Li said: mineral water contains more minerals than pure water. Therefore, people who drink mineral water regularly increase the risk of stones because minerals precipitate in the kidneys.", "question": "Which of the following weakens Professor Li's argument most?", "options": ["Some minerals are also necessary for the human body.", "It is only certain kinds of minerals that form kidney stones.", "The reason for the precipitation of minerals in the kidneys is a problem with kidney function.", "Some people who regularly drink pure water also have kidney stones."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 4543, "answer": 0, "text": "The gymnocypris przewalskii in Qinghai Lake is a rare fish, but since the 1950s, people began to catch a large number of gymnocypris przewalskii, resulting in the reduction of gymnocypris przewalskii resources from the initial 320000 tons to an average of 4000 tons per year. By 2013, the gymnocypris przewalskii resources were only 68000 tons. An expert believes that at this rate, the gymnocypris przewalskii in Qinghai Lake will be extinct in more than ten years.", "question": "Which of the followings, if true, best refutes the expert's point of view?", "options": ["The gymnocypris przewalskii has been listed as an endangered species in the red list of species in China, and a number of measures have been taken for effective protection", "Although it will be a crime to steal and catch more than 50kg of gymnocypris przewalskiir at one time, the number of people stealing and catching is still increasing", "A two catty gymnocypris przewalskii can sell for hundreds of yuan, which makes many fishermen aim at the gymnocypris przewalskii", "In the past year, the amount of gymnocypris przewalskii in Qinghai Lake decreased by 3000 tons"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 7567, "answer": 2, "text": "Formative evaluation: refers to the evaluation of the degree to which students or project implementers have reached the predetermined goal formed by the teacher or the competent department in the process of teaching or the project.", "question": "Which of the following is formative evaluations?", "options": ["The competent department hires a professional organization to carry out the acceptance appraisal of the project quality", "The scientific research institution invites experts to review the applicant's project application", "Teachers give students' usual grades based on the Q&A situation in the classroom", "Job seekers participate in the written test and interview organized by the talent recruitment unit"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 9107, "answer": 0, "text": "According to the content of 27 kinds of essential nutrient elements to evaluate the nutritional value, the nutritional value of vegetables with high water content is low. The water content of Chinese yam is low, so the nutritional value of Chinese yam will be high.", "question": "Which of the following options has the same form as the above reasoning?", "options": ["Stars emit their own light, and Venus is not a star, so Venus does not emit its own light.", "All goods have the value of use, and air certainly has the value of use, so air is a commodity.", "All the people who are eager to succeed work hard, and he doesn't work hard, so he is not a person who are eager to succeed .", "Contracts concluded by fraudulent means are invalid, invalid contracts are not binding, therefore, non-binding contracts are concluded by fraudulent means."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 8937, "answer": 1, "text": "According to probability theory, tossing a fair coin has almost equal probability of getting heads and tails. I bet with people that if the coin toss comes heads, I win; if it comes tails, I lose. I tossed a coin 6 times and it all came up tails, and I've lost 6 times in a row. So my next few tosses are definitely heads up and will definitely win back.", "question": "Which of the following options is an appropriate evaluation of I's reasoning?", "options": ["It makes sense, because God is fair and almost equal, and he is always unlucky if he does not return.", "It doesn't make sense, because each toss is an independent event, unrelated to the previous results.", "The next few tosses turned out mostly heads, which shows that the probability theory is correct.", "This is just his personal belief and cannot be evaluated rationally or logically."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 721, "answer": 1, "text": "Green public relations refers to a series of public relations activities in which enterprises influence public relations with the concept of ecological and economic sustainable development, select media with green characteristics to carry out communication activities, shape enterprise image with green characteristics, win public trust and support, and bring more convenience and competitive advantages to enterprises", "question": "According to the above definition, which of the followings belongs to green public relations?", "options": ["A software company launched a green software, which can be used without installation. After removal, there will be no residual records left in the computer, which has been welcomed by many users", "A fast food enterprise launched a publicity campaign of planting a tree, advocated reducing packaging to save resources, and created a good business environment and social atmosphere", "Neighborhood committee of a community carried out garbage classification publicity according to the requirements of the local government, held a garbage classification knowledge competition in the community, and distributed garbage bags of different colors for residents on site, which was welcomed by everyone", "People.com held the 2010 first low-carbon China Annual Innovation Forum with the theme of developing low-carbon economy and leading the green trend, and announced more than 10 awards such as 2010 low-carbon China leaders, leading brands and ten innovative technology products"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 7067, "answer": 3, "text": "At present, the setting of urban management institutions in various cities is different, which are generally divided into four types: Urban Construction Supervision Brigade, Urban Management Bureau, urban management administrative law enforcement bureau and Urban Management Committee. Because the urban management work is actually carried out independently and there is no special national law to guide it, local governments have formulated some local regulations according to their legislative authority, but there are great differences and it is difficult to systematize, As a result, some urban management violence and law enforcement incidents have occurred throughout the country in recent years, affecting social stability", "question": "This paragraph is intended to illustrate that", "options": ["The chaos of urban multi head management in China", "Urban management and law enforcement is the focus of social attention", "It is urgent to bring urban management into the track of legal system", "It is necessary to formulate national urban management regulations"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 14297, "answer": 2, "text": "Because people are generally better at detecting mistakes in others' work than in their own, a prudent principle is that one should always have one' s own work checked by someone else.", "question": "Which one of the following provides the best illustration of the principle above?", "options": ["The best elementary school math teachers are not those for whom math was always easy. Teachers who had to struggle through math themselves are better able to explain math to students.", "One must make a special effort to clearly explain one's views to someone else; people normally find it easier to understand their own views than to understand others' views.", "People should always have their writing proofread by someone else. Someone who does not know in advance what is meant to be said is in a better position to spot typographical errors.", "Juries composed of legal novices, rather than panels of lawyers, should be the final arbiters in legal proceedings. People who are not legal experts are in a better position to detect good legal arguments by lawyers than are other lawyers."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 4699, "answer": 3, "text": "Crisis management planning refers to a comprehensive process of some methods and measures to prevent the outbreak of a crisis or reduce and eliminate the risks and losses caused by the crisis, so as to make people more effectively master things and social public opinion through planning means.", "question": "According to the above definition, which of the following does not belong to crisis management planning?", "options": ["Knowing that the typhoon was about to land, the local government issued an emergency notice prohibiting fishermen from going to sea.", "In order to prevent accidents in the competition, sufficient water, first-aid equipment and medical personnel are prepared in advance.", "In case of crisis, the enterprise quickly auctioned some of its assets to obtain working capital and avoid bankruptcy.", "The house suddenly collapsed. Xiao Liu escaped from the crack because of his short stature and fast running."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 3026, "answer": 0, "text": "If Wang is admitted to the doctorate and Xiao Liu is not admitted to the doctorate, then Wenli will not be admitted to the doctorate.", "question": "If the above propositions are correct, which of the following options can infer that Xiao Liu has been admitted to the doctorate?", "options": ["Wang was admitted to the doctorate with Wen Li", "Neither Xiao Wang nor Liu was admitted to the doctorate", "Wang was admitted to the doctorate but Liu was not admitted to the doctorate", "Wang was not admitted to the doctorate but Liu was admitted to the doctorate"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 925, "answer": 0, "text": "Ultraviolet penetration ability is strong, can reach the dermis, the skin tanned, very harmful to the skin, even in the non-summer period, although the intensity of ultraviolet light is weak, it still exists, but long time accumulation is easy to make skin injury, melanin precipitation, skin aging and relaxation problems. So women who want to be beautiful must wear sunscreen every day.", "question": "Which of the following, if true, is the most likely to undermine this conclusion?", "options": ["The amount of ultraviolet radiation in an indoor space half a meter away from a window is about 40 percent of that in an outdoor space, and 15 percent of that in an indoor space 1.5 meters away from a window. Therefore, sunscreen is not necessary when staying indoors", "Sunscreen is generally required to be applied evenly and reapplied in time. If it is used improperly, even a product with a nominal high-power sunscreen may not be able to exert much protection.", "The intensity of ultraviolet rays is highest from April to September and lowest in winter", "Most parasols have a certain degree of sun protection. An ordinary parasol can block 77% of ultraviolet rays, while a black parasol can block 99% of ultraviolet rays"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 10643, "answer": 3, "text": "Wirth: All efforts to identify a gene responsible for predisposing people to manic-depression have failed. In fact, nearly all researchers now agree that there is no manic-depression gene. Ttherefore, if these researchers are right, any claim that some people are genetically predisposed to manic-depression is simply false. Chang: I do not dispute your evidence, but I take issue with your conclusion. Many of the researchers you refer to have found evidence that a set of several genes is involved and that complex interactions among these genes produce a predisposition to manic-depression.", "question": "The point at issue between Wirth and Chang is whether", "options": ["nearly all researchers now agree that there is no manic-depression gene", "it is likely that researchers will ever be able to find a single gene that predisposes people to manic-depression", "efforts to identify a gene or set of several genes responsible for predisposing people to manic-depression have all failed", "current research supports the claim that no one is genetically predisposed to manic-depression"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 1756, "answer": 1, "text": "On December 2, 2008 CCTV news broadcast broadcast about the content of the shanzhai phenomena, fifty percent of netizens watch shanzhai. shanzhai wind in the folk popular for a long time, and is characterized with grassroots innovation, wisdom of crowds, it is imitation and beyond on the trail of running all the way, finally broke into the mainstream culture field of vision. It started out as a lower-end consumer, but slowly moved beyond lower-income consumers to become a mass fad.", "question": "Which of the following is the main point of written expression?", "options": ["How did the copycat wind wind into the news broadcast", "On shanzhai pop culture meaning of interpretation", "The shanzhai trend puts seemingly high-end products into the hands of ordinary people", "From the perspective of economic consumption dialysis of shanzhai wind close to the people's path"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 14017, "answer": 1, "text": "The Breton Symphony Orchestra board of directors and the musicians' union are currently in contract negotiations. The musicians' union is considering proposing a new contract that would demand the following: a 10% increase in musician salaries, the creation of a new financial bonus system for musicians who have been with the orchestra for at least six years, and a limit on the number of rehearsals per week.", "question": "The answer to which of the following questions is LEAST important in helping the union to determine whether the board will be inclined to accept the new contract proposal?", "options": ["Is the proposed limit on the number of rehearsals per week reasonable when compared with industry standards?", "What percentage of the orchestra's revenue is generated from ticket sales?", "Does the orchestra have the means to pay for a 10% increase in musician salaries?", "Are there comparable musicians not currently with the orchestra who would be willing to work under a less favorable contract?"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 14553, "answer": 1, "text": "The reason J. S. Bach is remembered is not that he had a high ratio of outstanding compositions to mediocre compositions. It is rather because he was such a prolific composer. He wrote more than a thousand full-fledged compositions, so it was inevitable that some of them would be outstanding and, being outstanding, survive the ages.", "question": "Which one of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?", "options": ["Bach wrote many compositions that were considered mediocre in his lifetime, and a large proportion of these compositions have been forgotten.", "Several of Bach's contemporaries who produced more works than he did have been largely forgotten.", "The exact number of Bach's compositions is not known, since many of them have been lost to posterity.", "There are a few highly regarded composers who wrote a comparatively small number of compositions."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 13155, "answer": 2, "text": "The mayor boasts that the average ambulance turnaround time, the time from summons to delivery of the patient, has been reduced this year for top-priority emergencies. This is a serious misrepresentation. This reduction was produced simply by redefining top priority. Such emergencies used to include gunshot wounds and electrocutions, the most time-consuming cases. Now they are limited strictly to heart attacks and strokes.", "question": "Which one of the following would strengthen the author's conclusion that it was the redefinition of top priority that produced the reduction in turnaround time?", "options": ["Other cities include gunshot wound cases in their category of top-priority emergencies.", "The mayor redefined the city's financial priorities this year.", "One half of all of last year's top-priority emergencies were gunshot wounds and electrocution cases.", "Experts disagree with the mayor's definition of top-priority emergency. "], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 7042, "answer": 1, "text": "As a visual symbol of mass communication, a trademark must have a specific meaning and clearly convey its specific information in a concise image. Therefore, a trademark with only image beauty but no rich connotation can not be called a sign, which is only a pattern or graphic. At the same time, we must also understand that, Every enterprise must have many characteristics. It is impossible to try to cover all information with one image, and it is also undesirable to try to accommodate all characteristics in a trademark. This requires designers to refine the unique attributes of the object through analysis and screening, so as to perfectly integrate it with the visual image, so as to create a brand-new and clearly indicative symbol.", "question": "This paragraph is intended to illustrate that:", "options": ["How can a trademark present the unique attributes of enterprises", "Trademark should be the perfect unity of image and connotation", "The process of trademark creation is a test for designers", "Rich connotation is the most basic requirement for a trademark"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 425, "answer": 3, "text": "The factors affecting the nutritional and pharmacological quality of tea are not only the content of trace elements and the soil composition in the tea producing area, but also the content of amino acids, the main component, which is closely related to the meteorological conditions. The research and analysis show that the amino acid content of fresh leaves is negatively correlated with the temperature and sunshine during the tea picking period, and positively correlated with the precipitation and air relative humidity.", "question": "Which of the followings, if true, can weaken the above conclusions most?", "options": ["Most areas in northern China have low temperature and little rain in spring, and the growth of tea is slow.", "Alpine Yunwu Tea increases the amino acid content as the latitude increases.", "Famous teas are mostly grown in areas with humid air and mild climate.", "In summer, Pingchuan has a long sunshine time, plenty of rain, and the amino acid content of fresh leaves increases."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 741, "answer": 2, "text": "Horizontal integrated logistics refers to that multiple enterprises in the same industry obtain economies of scale and improve logistics efficiency by jointly using logistics channels. Horizontal integrated logistics must have an information platform for logistics demand and logistics supply, have a large number of enterprises to participate and have a large amount of goods", "question": "According to the above definition, which of the following options belongs to horizontal integrated logistics:?", "options": ["A furniture factory requires raw material suppliers and product sellers to use the same logistics company", "A slaughtering enterprise in a city mixed pigs and beef into refrigerated trucks and sent them to more than 100 retail stores", "One hundred stores in the electronic city signed an agreement to designate one of them to undertake the delivery business of the electronic city", "A department store set up a logistics center to coordinate and arrange the delivery of all kinds of goods throughout the company"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 5813, "answer": 1, "text": "AD hoc modification refers to modifying or adding some new assumptions to a scientific theory so that it is not verifiable or testable in order to avoid the risk of disproving it.", "question": "Which of the following is AD hoc modification?", "options": ["Ptolemaic scholars kept increasing the number of epicycles in order to fit the geocentric theory into the observed data. By the 16th century, the total number of rounds in the Ptolemaic system had increased to 80 ", "Adherents of Aristotle, insisting that all heavenly bodies were perfect spheres, proposed that the moon was filled with undetectable material that would keep it perfectly spherical ", "In order to study particularly large and fast objects, Einstein modified Newton's absolute space-time system and proposed a relative space-time system, including the theory of invariance of the speed of light and the theory of variable mass", "By modifying the fifth axiom of Euclidean geometry, Riemann and others created non-Euclidean geometry and took mathematics a big step forward."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 2525, "answer": 1, "text": "The soldiers of the communication unit have learned a lot of infantry tactics. Zhao Hong is a soldier of the communications unit, so he has also learned a lot of infantry tactics.", "question": "Which of the following is most similar to the above theory?", "options": ["Philosophy students all take the course Calculus. Zhang Zhong is a student in the Philosophy Department, so she took the course Calculus", "Workers in a factory participated in many popular science lectures, and Mr. Ma was a worker in a factory, so he also participated in many popular science lectures", "All old computer software needs to be updated frequently. This computer software is new, so there is no need to update frequently", "Most of the members participating in this performance are female students. Zhang Zhong participated in this performance, so she is also a female student"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 1749, "answer": 2, "text": "Cactus is a leafless, jointed, prickly evergreen and guardian plant. No matter it is born in deserts, cliffs, or parks or roadsides, she can be calm and carefree. Smile to welcome sunrise and sunset.?. Whether she is as fat as a hill or as thin as a lonely peak, she can enjoy herself and lose weight without trying to lose weight. She is blessed with no worries, nourishes her by not thinking about sorrow inside, and has the taste of Mo Si infinite things outside her body, and a limited cup in her lifetime.", "question": "Which of the following is the main description of this text?", "options": ["The style of cactus is open-minded, and the style of cactus is beautiful", "The mind of the cactus is broad, and the spirit of the cactus is noble", "The life of cactus is strong, and the taste of cactus is natural", "Cactus is an ordinary vase, but it is also an unusual thorn head"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 7880, "answer": 2, "text": "The Dark Forest Theory put forward in the science fiction three-body tells us that human beings must not reveal the location of our earth to the universe, or they will be destroyed by alien civilizations. However, long before the publication of the three-body, in 1974, humans sent a radio signal to the constellation Hercules, more than 22000 light-years from Earth, proclaiming their existence to the universe at the speed of light. The cluster of Hercules, numbered M 13, has hundreds of thousands of stars. Scientists believe that stars are usually surrounded by planets, but there can be no life on stars, but there may be planets. People who believe in the dark forest theory can not help but worry about this reckless human behavior, thinking that human expectations may usher in a cruel reality.", "question": "Which of the following, if true, best illustrates that this worry is unnecessary?", "options": ["So far, humans have not found any signs of extraterrestrial life.", "Earth-like planets are not uncommon. On average, there is one star for every five stars.", "There are no planetary systems in the star-dense Hercules Cluster.", "Even if the civilization in the Hercules cluster gets a signal, it's 22,000 years away."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 1856, "answer": 3, "text": "People walk through the city, not only the walk of space, but also the passage of time. The integrity of time series is the context and genealogy of a city, and it is the blood and temperament of a city. Money and technology can make a city tall quickly, but not a city long. The value of a modern handicraft made of a lot of gold, silver and jewelry may not be comparable to that of a simple or even damaged Song Dynasty porcelain vase, and the value between them lies only in time.", "question": "Which of the following does the it in this paragraph refer to?", "options": ["Space", "Time", "The context and genealogy of the city", "The integrity of time series"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 1861, "answer": 0, "text": "The role of silver iodide in artificial rainfall is called cold cloud catalysis in meteorology. As long as silver iodide is heated, it forms very fine silver iodide particles (only 1% to 1/1000 of the diameter of a hair) in the air. 1g silver iodide can form trillions of particles. These particles move with the airstream into the cloud, producing trillions to trillions of ice crystals in cold clouds. Therefore, using silver iodide to catalyze rainfall does not need aircraft, the equipment is simple, the dosage is very small, the cost is low, and can be popularized in a large area.", "question": "According to this passage, we can speculate which of the following is the reason why airplanes are not needed for silver iodide to catalyze rainfall?", "options": ["Silver iodide particles will move into the cloud with the airflow", "Silver iodide will form silver iodide particles as long as it is heated", "Cold cloud catalysis enables silver iodide to form trillions of particles", "Particles can produce trillions to trillions of ice crystals in cold clouds"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 566, "answer": 1, "text": "A shooting case occurred in a city. After investigation, the police arrested Li and identified him as the murderer. The reasoning process of the police is as follows: the deceased was shot while passing through the building of city bank, and according to the people on the scene at that time, the bullet was shot from the third floor of the building. That is to say, only those who stayed on the third floor of the building when the deceased was shot can commit the crime. It was proved that Li was on the third floor of the building, so Li was the murderer.", "question": "Which of the followings is similar to the wrong reasoning of the police?", "options": ["If it rains, the yard will be wet. It didn't rain, so the yard won't be wet.", "Only when the yard is wet can it rain. The yard was wet, so it rained.", "Only when the yard is wet can it rain. It didn't rain, so the yard wasn't wet.", "If it rains, the yard will be wet. The yard was not wet, so it didn't rain."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 5044, "answer": 3, "text": "In the past 12 months, the sales volume of new energy electric vehicles in a city has increased significantly. Along with it, there are more and more reports on new energy electric vehicles in TV, Internet and other media. Therefore, some electric vehicle sellers believe that the increase in the sales volume of new energy electric vehicles is mainly due to the publicity role of increasing media reports.", "question": "Which of the followings, if true, weakens the view of the electric vehicle seller most?", "options": ["Many people who report on new energy electric vehicles are environmentalists who like to publicize electric vehicles", "Some consumers buy new energy electric vehicles because of the low winning rate of traditional car lottery", "Individual consumers buy new energy electric vehicles because they can get government subsidies", "People who have read reports about new energy electric vehicles almost don't buy this type of vehicle"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 6154, "answer": 2, "text": "When discussing the differences and the pros and cons of science and religion as cognitive methods, people often put forward the view that science is not everything, and science can make mistakes. This is obviously correct. But in that discussion, no one claimed that Under the condition that science is always correct, actively inserting this view is obviously using the fact that all cognitive methods are not perfect to deliberately confuse different cognitive methods. This is extremely misleading.", "question": "According to this text, what does the author want to say?", "options": ["The discussion about cognitive style should not deviate from the topic.", "No way of cognition is perfect.", "The idea that science can go wrong can sometimes confuse the audience.", "There is no difference between science and religion, the two ways of cognition."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 309, "answer": 2, "text": "The main purpose of professional education is to help college students master the basic knowledge of their respective professional fields as comprehensively as possible, while the purpose of general education is to help college students gain the meaning and value of life. Therefore, some experts pointed out that compared with professional education, general education has a greater impact on personal future life.", "question": "Which of the followings, if true, best supports the expert's assertion?", "options": ["Value issues are related to human happiness and dignity, and are worth exploring and thinking about in general education.", "Nowadays, there are far more professional education courses offered by universities in our country than general education courses.", "If a person does not have professional knowledge, he may be able to live. If he has no value pursuit, he will be just a soulless body.", "Without professional knowledge, it is difficult for people to cope with the challenges of future life. And incorrect value pursuits will mislead people's lives."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 7304, "answer": 2, "text": "In February 2006, the X and Y sections of a certain expressway entered the bidding stage, and four units of A, B, C, and D were bidding. Xiao Wang believed: It is not the A family won the bid, or the B family won the bid. Xiao Li believes : Both A and C can win the bid. Xiao Zhou said: It cannot be said that if D wins the bid, then C wins the bid. Xiao Ma thinks: Dcannot win the bid.", "question": "If only one of the four people is wrong, which of the following is the correct answer that will not win the bid?", "options": ["D,C.", "A,B.", "B,D.", "A,C."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 2832, "answer": 2, "text": "Zhao Yuan's colleagues are all football fans, zhao Yuan's classmates who work in the software park are not football fans, Li Ya is both zhao Yuan's classmate and his colleague, Wang Wei is Zhao Yuan's classmate but does not work in the software park, Zhang Ming is Zhao Yuan's classmate but not a football fan.", "question": "Based on the above statement, which of the following can be concluded?", "options": ["Wang Wei is a football fan.", "Mr. Zhao is not a football fan.", "Li Ya doesn't work in the software park.", "Zhang Ming works in the software park."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 2245, "answer": 2, "text": "Social punishment: refers to the restrictions and punishments from other departments that are not directly related to the trust-breaking behaviors of the personnel.", "question": "Which of the following is a social punishment?", "options": ["A high-speed train seat hog was severely criticized by the police on the spot, and was transferred to the public security organ after getting off the train for punishment. After the incident was exposed, the bad behavior of the parties was condemned by netizens all over the country", "A professor's paper published in an international journal was retracted because of data fraud. In the voice of denunciation from netizens, the professor was also revoked of the performance award, provincial and ministerial scientific research project, honorary title and social part-time job based on this paper", "On the eve of the Spring Festival, some contractors who maliciously delayed the wages of migrant workers were exposed by relevant departments and various media, causing close attention from all walks of life. According to regulations from the banking, insurance and railway departments, these violators will be restricted when they apply for credit cards, buy insurance and tickets for bullet trains and high-speed trains", "A chemical company along the Yangtze River, which had repeatedly discharged pollutants into the river despite a ban, was recently criticized by provincial authorities, whose production license was revoked, and its superior authorities and chief executives were severely punished"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 13383, "answer": 3, "text": "Essayist: Common sense, which is always progressing, is nothing but a collection of theories that have been tested over time and found useful. When alternative theories that prove even more useful are developed, they gradually take the place of theories already embodied in common sense. This causes common sense to progress, but, because it absorbs new theories slowly, it always contains some obsolete theories.", "question": "If all of the essayist's statements are true, then which one of the following must be true?", "options": ["Of the useful theories within the body of common sense, the older ones are generally less useful than the newer ones.", "Each theory within the body of common sense is eventually replaced with a new theory that is more useful.", "At least some new theories that have not yet been found to be more useful than any theory currently part of common sense will never be absorbed into the body of common sense.", "At least some theories that have been tested over time and found useful are less useful than some other theories that have not been fully absorbed into the body of common sense."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 9017, "answer": 2, "text": "A street comprehensive management committee has a total of 6 members: F, G, H, I, M and P. Each of these members shall serve as a member of at least one of the three sub-committees under the Comprehensive Management Committee. Each sub-committee consists of three different members. The known information is as follows: one of the six members serves as a member of three subcommittees. F is not a member of the same subcommittee as G. H is not a member of the same subcommittee as I.", "question": "If F is not a member of the same subcommittee as M, which of the following options must be true?", "options": ["F and H are members of the same sub-committee.", "F and I are members of the same sub-committee.", "I and P are members of the same sub-committee.", "M and G are members of the same sub-committee."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 7510, "answer": 3, "text": "False safety means that the brain is extremely excited under high tension, but it is not easy to cause problems; while in a state of close to success, the spirit becomes more and more relaxed, and there is a sense of security immediately, but it is precisely this moment of relaxation that leads to great disaster.", "question": "Which of the following is false safety?", "options": ["Some mercenary intermediaries imply, remind, and assist high-risk enterprises to concoct false materials and fraudulently obtain safety production licenses", "Many stocks will come out of a booming market after an unsatisfactory annual report", "Before the college entrance examination, Xiao Li always felt insufficient sleep; but when the college entrance examination was over, Xiao Li often couldn't sleep", "In a special industry such as thermal power plants, during the peak period of electricity consumption and under bad weather, there is generally no accidents of human misoperation; but in normal times, accidents are not uncommon"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 4759, "answer": 2, "text": "At this Games, all athletes participating in the freestyle swimming participated in the breaststroke.", "question": "Which of the following statements can be added to say that some athletes who participated in the butterfly did not participate in the freestyle?", "options": ["All the athletes who participated in the butterfly stroke competition also participated in the breaststroke", "Some athletes who participated in the breaststroke competition participated in the butterfly stroke", "Some athletes who did not participate in the breaststroke competition participated in the butterfly stroke", "Some athletes who did not participate in the butterfly stroke also did not participate in the breaststroke"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 7203, "answer": 0, "text": "There are two taxi companies A and B in a city. The colors of their taxis are blue and red respectively. According to the survey, 70% of the taxis circulating in the market are red and only 30% are blue. The average probability of car accidents in red taxis is 4%, while that of blue taxis is 6%.", "question": "Now, there is a taxi accident in the city, so which one of the followings can be inferred?", "options": ["Compared with red taxis, blue taxis are more likely to have the accident.", "Compared with blue taxis, red taxis are more likely to have the accident.", "The accident probability of taxis of two colors is the same, both are 50%.", "No comparison can be made."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 387, "answer": 2, "text": "At present, the most recognized theory about elementary particles is the standard theory. It was established about 30 years ago, and all discovered elementary particles can be explained according to this theory. For more than 100 years, protons, neutrons, electrons and other elementary particles have been discovered one after another. In the face of these achievements, some people believe that the elementary particles in the universe have been discovered almost, and even if there are, they can be explained by existing theories, Therefore, it will not bring too much surprise to people.", "question": "Which of the followings, if true, can best refute the above point of view?", "options": ["Few elementary particles have been discovered based on standard theory.", "Some predictions made based on standard theory have not been confirmed in experiments.", "The newly discovered elementary particles do not match the prediction made by the standard theory.", "Some scientists have put forward a new theory that subverts people's previous understanding of elementary particles."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 8463, "answer": 3, "text": "Install a metal rod at the top of a tall building, connect it with a metal plate buried underground, and discharge through the tip of the metal rod to gradually neutralize the electricity carried by the clouds and the electricity on the ground, so as to protect the building from lightning.This phenomenon is known as the lightning rod effect in the management community. It refers to the method of management, that is, to conduct guidance before things happen, to prevent accidents or disasters before they occur, and to lead the positive development of the situation, that is, if it is good and good, it will certainly be peaceful if it can be guided.", "question": "According to the above definition, which of the following options has nothing to do with the lightning rod effect?", "options": ["A city carries out the work of accurate fault-finding of urban management of the whole people to crack the leaks in the blind area of urban management, and the citizens are much more satisfied with less grievances.", "In a certain place, the work law of something to discuss has been implemented to solve the concerns of a large number of people and resolve social contradictions.", "A company will hold a seminar on employee development, requiring department heads to investigate and grasp the needs of employee development before the meeting.", "In the reconstruction of a garage in a residential area, the property owner extensively solicited the opinions of the owners and reached a consensus so that the project could be carried out smoothly."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 412, "answer": 1, "text": "Geological relic resources refer to the precious, non renewable natural heritage formed, developed and preserved due to the geological action of internal and external power in the long geological historical period of earth evolution, which can be developed and utilized by mankind and produce economic value in the present and foreseeable future, so as to improve the current and future welfare of mankind.", "question": "According to the above definition, which of the followings belongs to geological relic resources?", "options": ["A geological monument built by a certain place.", "Karst caves with beautiful scenery in a certain place.", "Land and resources Museum specializing in geological specimens.", "Grand Canal with a long history and pleasant scenery."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 4177, "answer": 3, "text": "Because chemical fiber is synthetic with petroleum and other raw materials.The production of chemical fiber will produce a lot of pollutants, consume a lot of energy and water, and the degradation rate of chemical fiber waste in the natural environment is very slow,so it is generally believed that wearing cotton fabric is more environmentally friendly than using chemical fiber.", "question": "Which of the following, if true, poses the strongest challenge to this view?", "options": ["There is no obvious difference between the latest chemical fiber and pure cotton fabric in terms of appearance, feel, moisture absorption, etc.", "Scientists are studying new ways to recycle, utilize, and dispose of chemical fiber waste.", "The price of pure cotton fabric is relatively high, and the working class and farmers who make up the majority of the population can't afford to wear it.", "Cotton is the crop that uses the most pesticides and 25% of the world's pesticides are used in cotton cultivation."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 14952, "answer": 3, "text": "Observatory director: Some say that funding the megatelescope will benefit only the astronomers who will work with it. This dangerous point of view, applied to the work of Maxwell, Newton, or Einstein, would have stifled their research and deprived the world of beneficial applications, such as the development of radio, that followed from that research.", "question": "If the statements above are put forward as an argument in favor of development of the megatelescope, which one of the following is the strongest criticism of that argument?", "options": ["It does not identify those opposed to development of the megatelescope.", "It launches a personal attack on opponents of the megatelescope by accusing them of having a dangerous point of view.", "It does not distinguish between the economic and the intellectual senses of benefit. ", "It does not show that the proposed megatelescope research is worthy of comparison with that of eminent scientists in its potential for applications."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 2051, "answer": 2, "text": "The parody on the Internet means that there is no restriction on the object of the parody. The concept of harmony requires members of society to be honest and friendly, while parody completely ignores the feelings of others. parody says it is humor, but does not regard itself as the object of parody. And the idea requires that one's own interests be expressed in a rational way, while the parody does not consider whether the means adopted are reasonable and legitimate. Innovation lies in creating new things, and parody is keen to point the spearhead at famous characters and classic works, which precisely shows its lack of innovative ability. Parody constantly impacts the moral bottom line, legal bottom line and mainstream consciousness of the society, which leads to the emergence of cultural nihilism and requires a high degree of vigilance.", "question": "Which of the following options is the most suitable for the title of this paragraph?", "options": ["More and more netizens have a clear understanding of the negative impact of parody.", "Parody on the Internet is contrary to the concept of harmony.", "Firmly establish the socialist concept of honor and disgrace and consciously resist the trend of parody on the Internet.", "parody subverts mainstream consciousness and confuses right and wrong."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 2904, "answer": 3, "text": "When answering questions about enrollment, Mr. Gu from a certain university emphasized: Our school recruits some free normal students and some general normal students. Normally normal students are different from free normal students. Students who do not have free normal students can stay and work in big cities when they graduate. Normally, normal normal students can choose to stay in the big cities when they graduate.Any non-free teacher students need to self-employment when they graduate, and no free teacher students need to self-employment when they graduate.", "question": "According to Mr. Gu's statement, which of the following can be derived?", "options": ["The university students who need to seek self-employment can choose to stay and work in the big city", "The college students who are not ordinary normal students are all free normal students", "The college students who need to seek self-employment are normal normal students", "All normal normal students in this school need to seek self-employment"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 9167, "answer": 3, "text": "After all the cold dishes of a banquet are served, there are seven hot dishes. Among them, 3 Sichuan cuisine: K, L, M: 3 Cantonese cuisine: Q, N, P: one Shandong cuisine: X. Only one hot dish is served at a time, and the order of serving must meet the following conditions :(1) neither sichuan cuisine nor cantonese cuisine can be served consecutively. (2) P cannot go up before Q unless the second one goes up Q. (3) P must go up before X. (4) M must go up before K, and K must go up before N.", "question": "Which of the following could be true?", "options": ["The second upper P", "The third one is N", "The second upper K", "The second upper L"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 9989, "answer": 2, "text": "There are two types of activities organized by the community: the health type and the leisure type. According to the statistics of all the participants, the organizers found that some of the elderly in the community participated in all the health-preserving activities and some participated in all the leisure activities.", "question": "Which of the followings must be true according to this statistics?", "options": ["Some activities organized by the community are not attended by the elderly in the community", "Some elderly people in the community do not participate in any activities organized by the community", "Any activity organized by the community is attended by the elderly in the community", "Middle-aged people in the community also participated in the activities of community organizations"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 10856, "answer": 0, "text": "Music historian: Some critics lament the fact that impoverished postwar recording studios forced early bebop musicians to record extremely short solos, thus leaving a misleading record of their music. But these musicians' beautifully concise playing makes the recordings superb artistic works instead of mere representations of their live solos. Furthermore, the conciseness characteristic of early bebop musicians' recordings fostered a compactness in their subsequent live playing, which the playing of the next generation lacks.", "question": "The music historian's statements, if true, most strongly support which one of the following?", "options": ["The difficult postwar recording conditions had some beneficial consequences for bebop.", "Musicians will not record extremely short solos unless difficult recording conditions force them to do so.", "Short bebop recordings are always superior to longer ones.", "Representations of live solos generally are not valuable artistic works."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 10742, "answer": 1, "text": "Press Secretary: Our critics claim that the President' s recent highway project cancellations demonstrate a vindictive desire to punish legislative districts controlled by opposition parties. They offer as evidence the fact that 90 percent of the projects canceled were in such districts. But all of the canceled projects had been identified as wasteful in a report written by respected nonpartisan auditors. So the President' s choice was clearly motivated by sound budgetary policy, not partisan politics.", "question": "Which of the following is an assumption on which the press secretary's argument depends?", "options": ["The highway projects canceled in districts controlled by the President's party were not generally more expensive than the projects canceled in districts controlled by opposition parties.", "The scheduled highway projects identified as wasteful in the report were not mostly projects in districts controlled by the President's party.", "The number of projects canceled was a significant proportion of all the highway projects that were to be undertaken by the government in the near future.", "Canceling highway projects was not the only way for the President to punish legislative districts controlled by opposition parties."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 15204, "answer": 3, "text": "A survey of alumni of the class of 1960 at Aurora University yielded puzzling results. When asked to indicate their academic rank, half of the respondents reported that they were in the top quarter of the graduating class in 1960.", "question": "Which one of the following most helps account for the apparent contradiction above?", "options": ["Academic rank at Aurora University was based on a number of considerations in addition to average grades.", "Almost all of the alumni who graduated in 1960 responded to the survey.", "Not all the alumni who were actually in the top quarter responded to the survey.", "A disproportionately large number of high-ranking alumni responded to the survey."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 10897, "answer": 1, "text": "Until he was dismissed amid great controversy, Hastings was considered one of the greatest intelligence agents of all time. It is clear that if his dismissal was justified, then Hastings was either incompetent or else disloyal. Soon after the dismissal, however, it was shown that he had never been incompetent. Thus, one is forced to conclude that Hastings must have been disloyal.", "question": "Which one of the following states an assumption upon which the argument depends?", "options": ["If someone was disloyal or incompetent, then his dismissal was justified.", "Hastings's dismissal was justified.", "The dismissal of anyone who was disloyal would be justified.", "Anyone whose dismissal was justified was disloyal."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 5048, "answer": 2, "text": "In the United States, all academicians of X Research Institute are opposed to human consumption of genetically modified food, while all the leaders of Y company, which specializes in producing genetically modified corn, believe that genetically modified food is safe and advocate people to eat it at ease. Some university professors also serve as the leaders of Y company.", "question": "Assuming that the above statement is true, which of the followings must be true?", "options": ["Some university professors are academicians of the American X Research Institute", "Some academicians support human consumption of genetically modified food", "Some university professors support people to eat genetically modified food", "Some university professors do not support people eating genetically modified food"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 11992, "answer": 3, "text": "Mel: The official salary for judges has always been too low to attract the best candidates to the job. The legislature' s move to raise the salary has done nothing to improve the situation, because it was coupled with a ban on receiving money for lectures and teaching engagements. Pat: No, the raise in salary really does improve the situation. Since very few judges teach or give lectures, the ban will have little or no negative effect.", "question": "Pat's response to Mel is inadequate in that it", "options": ["simply denies Mel's claim without putting forward any evidence in support of that denial", "assumes that changes that benefit the most able members of a group necessarily benefit all members of that group.", "mistakenly takes the cause of a certain change to be an effect of that change", "attempts to assess how a certain change will affect potential members of a group by providing evidence about its effect on the current members."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 7346, "answer": 0, "text": "Jiangtian City Finance Bureau decided to send a comrade to help the poor in rural areas according to the instructions of the superior. Finance Bureau A, B, C, D, E and other comrades actively signed up after learning the news and applied to go. According to the registration situation and the needs of the Bureau's own work, the bureau leaders made the following decisions: (1) to select at least one of A and B; (2) to select at most one of B and C; (3) to select at most one of A and D; and (4) if D is selected, then both C and E are indispensable.", "question": "Based on this, it can be concluded that which of the following is correct?", "options": ["Do not pick D", "Pike A", "Do not pick A", "Pike D"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 6380, "answer": 0, "text": "Thangka is a kind of painting form with rich Tibetan cultural characteristics. It has a history of more than 1300 years since the rise of the Tubo Dynasty. It is a cultural treasure of the snowy plateau. In addition to religion, it also has historical and folk contents, so it is also called an encyclopedia for understanding Tibet. Therefore, if you want to understand the history of Tibet, in addition to reading rigorous but slightly rigid history books, you can also choose a pleasant and pleasant way-- appreciate thangka, talk to many ancients, and imagine historical events. appreciate the rich spiritual world of Tibetans and understand the unique Tibetan folk customs, which is a process that makes history three-dimensional and sensible.", "question": "Which of the following options can be inferred from this text?", "options": ["Thangka can provide you with a comfortable and easy way to learn about Tibet.", "The unique Tibetan folklore and historical events have been recorded in the thangka.", "Thangka is an encyclopedia-style painting form for understanding Tibetan culture and history.", "Thangka is a form of painting with rich Tibetan cultural characteristics and a long history."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 3589, "answer": 2, "text": "The final product refers to the products and services produced within a certain period of time and purchased by its final user. The final product is used for final use. It is different from an intermediate product used for resale and for the production of a product.", "question": "Which of the following options is true about the final product?", "options": ["In a green project, the intermediate product is the planted trees, and the final product is the improved environmental quality", "The flour produced by the flour mill is donated to the people in the severe freezing disaster areas, and the flour here is the final product", "The bread produced by the bakery is sold to the residents, and the bread here is the final product", "All the above are correct"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 11544, "answer": 1, "text": "Criticism that the press ignores positive stories and focuses solely on salacious stories neglects to consider that the press must make a profit to survive. Because of the need to make a profit, the press must focus on stories that will draw an audience. The only alternative to a profit-driven press is a government-supported press. A government-supported press would have pressure to curtail any critique of the government, thereby limiting the power of the press.", "question": "It can properly be inferred from the passage that the power of the press", "options": ["comes from its ability to tell a good story", "comes from its ability to critique the government", "comes from its desire to cover salacious stories", "comes from its desire to seek the truth"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 15115, "answer": 3, "text": "In setting environmental standards for industry and others to meet, it is inadvisable to require the best results that state-of-the-art technology can achieve. Current technology is able to detect and eliminate even extremely minute amounts of contaminants, but at a cost that is exorbitant relative to the improvement achieved. So it would be reasonable instead to set standards by taking into account all of the current and future risks involved.", "question": "The argument given concerning the reasonable way to set standards presupposes that", "options": ["minute amounts of some contaminants can be poisonous", "the only contaminants worth measuring are generated by industry", "industry currently meets the standards that have been set by environmental authorities", "there are effective ways to take into account all of the relevant risks posed by allowing different levels of contaminants"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 212, "answer": 1, "text": "The reason why river and ocean can become the king of all creeks is because they can be under a hundred creeks. The reason why the saint is above the people is because he is humble to the people. The reason why the saint can lead the people is because he puts his own self-interest behind the people.", "question": "escape", "options": ["escape", "escape", "escape", "escape"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 1995, "answer": 2, "text": "At present, more and more parents are gradually aware of the importance of EQ and are fascinated by the promotion of children's EQ training by training institutions. Tens of thousands of tuition fees a year can not stop their enthusiasm. There are several possible reasons analyzed by experts: one is that they are aware of the need to cultivate their children's EQ, and the other is that parents feel that there is something wrong with their children's education. They prefer to send their children out for education rather than look for reasons from their own educational ideas, which is actually an expression of shirking responsibility; in addition, there are self-fulfilling values forged in the daily work mode of white-collar workers, which makes young parents too anxious in the process of educating their children, which is also the reason for the popularity of training courses.", "question": "Which of the following options is most likely to be discussed next?", "options": ["The method of choosing EQ training course.", "The existing state of children's EQ training.", "How to rationally understand EQ training.", "The significance of EQ Education to Children's growth."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 13600, "answer": 0, "text": "Mayor: Periodically an ice cream company will hold a free ice cream day as a promotion. Showing up may not cost you any money, but it sure does cost you time. We learn from this that when something valuable costs no money you get overconsumption and long lines. Currently, those who drive to work complain about the congestion they face in their rush-hour commutes. What is needed is a system for charging people for the use of roads during rush hour. Then rush hour congestion will abate.", "question": "The claim that when something valuable costs no money you get overconsumption and long lines plays which one of the following roles in the mayor's argument?", "options": ["It is a general claim used in support of the argument's overall conclusion.", "It is a hypothesis that is rejected in favor of the hypothesis stated in the argument's overall conclusion.", "It is a concession made to those who dispute an analogy drawn in the argument.", "It helps establish the importance of the argument's overall conclusion, but is not offered as evidence for that conclusion."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 5600, "answer": 3, "text": "Merton, an American sociologist, divides social function into two levels: explicit function and latent function. Explicit function is the objective consequence conducive to the adjustment and adaptation of the system. This adaptation and adjustment is expected or expected and recognized by the participants in the system. Latent function is the objective consequence that has not been expected and recognized.", "question": "Which of the following options does not contain a description of potential functions?", "options": ["During the broadcast of the TV play desire, the streets were deserted and social security improved significantly", "Zhang bought a house with a loan of 300000 according to his family income. Due to the rise of interest rate, his life became stretched", "In order to resist foreign invasion, First Emperor of Qin built the Great Wall, which objectively promoted the development of folk architectural technology in China", "From remote mountainous areas, in order to get rid of poverty and let parents live a good life, he studied hard and worked hard from an early age. Within a few years, he became the person in charge of a large enterprise and made himself an example for parents in his hometown to educate their children"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 5771, "answer": 0, "text": "There is a theory that about 50 million years ago, the ancestors of ring-tailed lemurs, flying foxes and other mammals came to the island of Madagascar, an island in the Indian Ocean, on a natural raft. According to this theory, mammals from the southeastern part of the African continent drifted to Madagascar that year, and they used large logs or floating vegetation. Before the drifting story was staged, the storm swept them into the sea and was driven by ocean currents. These ancient refugees drifted for several weeks and came to Madagascar.", "question": "Which of the following, if true, would not support the above drifting theory?", "options": ["50 million years ago, the ocean currents around the two continental plates flowed eastward, that is, to Madagascar.", "Small mammals have a slow metabolism and can survive for weeks without much food and fresh water.", "Among the animals that arrived in Madagascar from the southeast of the African continent, there are no overweight and oversized mammals such as elephants and lions.", "50 million years ago, the distance between the African continent and Madagascar was different from today."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 9349, "answer": 2, "text": "Pursuit what the people like, forsake what the people hate. Green mountains are beautiful, and blue skies are happiness too. Developing the economy is for people's wellbeing, so is protecting the ecological environment. We should not only create more material and spiritual wealth to meet people's ever-growing needs for a better life, but also provide more high-quality ecological products to meet people's ever-growing needs for a beautiful environment. We should continue to ensure that ecology benefits and benefits the people, focus on solving prominent environmental problems that harm people's health, speed up efforts to improve the quality of the environment, provide more quality ecological products, strive to achieve social equity and justice, and constantly meet people's growing needs for a beautiful environment.", "question": "Which of the followings is a literal meaning?", "options": ["Explain the basic concept of harmonious coexistence between man and nature", "We call on the people to participate in the construction of ecological civilization", "It is emphasized that a sound ecological environment is the well-being of people's livelihood", "We will reveal the development philosophy that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 14948, "answer": 0, "text": "The Aquipos toucan is able to use its long beak to reach inside apertures in a tree's bark and feed on the insects that dwell within and that are the toucan's main food source. Several noted ornithologists have speculated that because the toucan's beak is curved in a manner similar to the openings in the bark, the beak evolved so that the toucan can best take advantage of the insects lying deep inside.", "question": "Which of the following, if true, argues most strongly against the ornithologists' speculation?", "options": ["The Aquipos toucan is also able to use its beak to break bark, thereby accessing insects that dwell in the trunk.", "Many insects crawl on the bark of the tree and a toucan can sometimes become satiated without having to access insects living beneath the bark.", "The tree holes in which the Aquipos toucan is able to access insects have a characteristic shape that differs only very slightly from tree to tree.", "Not all trees in the Aquipos toucan's environment house sufficient quantities of insects to satisfy the caloric needs of the toucan."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 9730, "answer": 1, "text": "New research shows that drinking green tea regularly is good for the cardiovascular system. The researchers followed more than 100,000 participants for seven years. Participants were divided into two groups: habitual tea drinkers (those who drank green tea more than three times a week) and those who never or did not drink green tea (those who drank green tea less than three times a week). The researchers found that people who had the habit of drinking green tea had a 20% lower risk of heart disease and stroke and a 22% lower risk of dying from heart disease and stroke than those who had never or had no habit of drinking green tea.", "question": "Which of the following options, if true, best supports the above conclusion?", "options": ["People who never smoked had a 14% lower risk of heart disease and stroke than those who regularly drank green tea.", "Flavonols in green tea can prevent blood clots and platelet agglomeration.", "Catechins and vitamins in green tea can effectively delay aging and prevent cancer.", "The participants in the green tea habit group were generally older than those in the non-green tea habit group."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 6122, "answer": 3, "text": "From parchment, bamboo tube to paper, the invention of movable type printing, from Morse code, binary code to image digitization, the carrier of cultural products is becoming lighter and lighter, and the dissemination of spiritual products is becoming faster and faster. In particular, the invention and application of the Internet just broke the space-time boundary of cultural content dissemination, allowing text, video, Music can also be transmitted to any corner of the earth in an instant. At the same time, with the help of various new tools of scientific and technological innovation, people can make wonderful animation games, digital films and television, mobile newspapers, online publishing, audio books and so on at a faster speed, and create brand-new cultural industries.", "question": "This passage mainly explains that?", "options": ["Cultural progress includes the development and innovation of science and technology", "Scientific and technological innovation makes the potential of cultural innovation infinite", "Scientific and technological innovation has greatly promoted the process of cultural innovation", "Scientific and technological innovation provides tools and carriers for cultural innovation"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 10715, "answer": 0, "text": "While grapefruit juice is a healthy drink, it has been discovered that a chemical in the juice affects how certain medicines are absorbed, with the result that normal medicinal doses act like higher doses. Getting the wrong dose is dangerous. Since it is always desirable to take the lowest effective dose, the best medical approach would be to take lower doses of these medicines along with prescribed amounts of grapefruit juice.", "question": "Which one of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?", "options": ["The amount of the chemical in grapefruit juice is highly unpredictable from glass to glass.", "Long before the chemical in grapefruit juice was identified, doctors were advising patients who took certain medicines to avoid grapefruit juice.", "When scientists removed the chemical from grapefruit juice, the juice no longer affected how certain medicines were absorbed.", "Grapefruit juice is less expensive than most of the medicines with which it interacts."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 12698, "answer": 1, "text": "If the majority of the residents of the apartment complex complain that their apartments are infested with ants, then the management of the complex will have to engage the services of an exterminator. But the majority of the residents of the complex indicate that their apartments are virtually free of ants. Ttherefore, the management of the complex will not have to engage the services of an exterminator.", "question": "Which one of the following arguments contains a flawed pattern of reasoning parallel to that contained in the argument above?", "options": ["Either the school's principal or two-thirds of the parent council must approve a change in the school dress code in order for the code to be changed. Since the principal will not approve a change in the dress code, the code will not be changed.", "Most employees will attend the company picnic if the entertainment committee is successful in getting a certain band to play at the picnic. But that band will be out of the country on the day of the picnic, so it is not true that most employees will attend.", "The number of flights operated by the airlines cannot be reduced unless the airlines can collect higher airfares. But people will not pay higher airfares, so it is not the case that the number of flights will be reduced.", "A theater will be constructed in the fall if funds collected are at least sufficient to cover its cost. To date, the funds collected exceed the theater's cost, so the theater will be constructed in the fall."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 6016, "answer": 0, "text": "At present, China's socialist democracy and legal system is still in the stage of gradual improvement. The phenomenon of non-compliance with the law and lax law enforcement still exist to varying degrees. Paying taxes according to the law and conscientiously has not yet become a tight string in the mind of every citizen, especially since the introduction of the individual income tax, the state of collection and payment has always been unsatisfactory.", "question": "Which of the following can be inferred?", "options": ["We need to strengthen citizens' awareness of paying taxes.", "Citizens who do not pay personal income tax are subject to arrest.", "Citizens who do not pay personal income tax shall be severely punished.", "All citizens should be subject to individual income tax."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 67, "answer": 1, "text": "Some people believe that if a country can operate its economy efficiently, it will definitely be able to create wealth and become rich: if such a country wants to maintain political stability, the wealth it creates must be fairly distributed; the fair distribution of wealth will end economic risk; however, the existence of risk is an indispensable prerequisite for the efficient operation of the economy.", "question": "Which conclusion can be drawn from the above view point?", "options": [" It is impossible for a country to be politically stable and economically rich.", " A country's political stability and economically efficient operation cannot coexist", " The economic operation of a rich country must be effective", " A politically unstable country must be full of economic risks at the same time"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 12972, "answer": 2, "text": "Dillworth: More and more people are deciding not to have children because of the personal and economic sacrifices children require and because so often children are ungrateful for the considerable sacrifices their parents do make for them. However, such considerations have no bearing on the fact that their children provide the best chance most people have of ensuring that their values live on after them. Ttherefore, for anyone with deeply held values, foregoing parenthood out of reluctance to make sacrifices for which little gratitude can be expected would probably be a mistake. Travers: Your reasoning ignores another fact that deserves consideration: children' s ingratitude for parental sacrifices usually stems from a wholesale rejection of parental values.", "question": "Dillworth employs which one of the following argumentative strategies?", "options": ["indirectly establishing that a given course of action is obligatory by arguing that the alternative course of action is prohibited", "showing that considerations cited as drawbacks to a given course of action are not really drawbacks at all", "distinguishing a category of person for whom the reason presented in favor of a given course of action is more telling than the reasons cited against that course of action", "using evidence that a certain course of action would be appropriate under one set of conditions to arrive at a general conclusion about what would be appropriate in all cases"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 13205, "answer": 0, "text": "Two centuries ago, Tufe Peninsula became separated from the mainland, isolating on the newly formed Tufe Island a population of Turfil sunflowers. This population' s descendants grow to be, on average, 40 centimeters shorter than Turfil sunflowers found on the mainland. Tufe Island is significantly drier than Tufe Peninsula was. So the current average height of Tufe' s Turfil sunflowers is undoubtedly at least partially attributable to changes in Tufe' s environmental conditions.", "question": "Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?", "options": ["The mainland's environment has not changed in ways that have resulted in Turfil sunflowers on the mainland growing to be 40 centimeters taller than they did two centuries ago.", "There were about as many Turfil sunflowers on Tufe Peninsula two centuries ago as there are on Tufe Island today.", "There are no types of vegetation on Tufe Island that are known to benefit from dry conditions.", "The 40-centimeter height difference between the Turfil sunflowers on Tufe Island and those on the mainland is the only difference between the two populations."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 4178, "answer": 1, "text": "A, B, C, D and E live in houses 1,2,3,4 and 5 in the same neighborhood. It is now known that A and B are not neighbors. B's room number is smaller than D's. The number of rooms in room C is even number. Room number A is 3 higher than E.", "question": "According to the above conditions, which of the following is the room number where D Lives?", "options": ["Number 2.", "Number 3.", "Number 4.", "Number 5."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 6537, "answer": 0, "text": "The goal of the construction of the social security system is that everyone will enjoy social security to varying degrees by 2020. The bottom line of the social security system is to prevent anyone from falling into despair because of life difficulties and to eliminate their survival crisis and fear. As long as one person is desperate because of the difficulties of life, then there are loopholes in the guaranteed network.", "question": "Which of the following options is the main content of this paragraph on the construction of the social security system?", "options": ["The principle", "The term", "The target", "The significance"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 2015, "answer": 3, "text": "The consumer market in social life is one of the important areas that embody the market concept. Strive to improve product quality, service quality is the manufacturer, there is no denying the responsibility of the business and the concept of customer supremacy is also an indisputable marketing concept. But it is indeed a common prejudice that the customer is God. Because one side pays the money between the consumer and the consumer provider, the other side provides the corresponding product, or the other side provides the service, of course, the other party has to pay the equivalent price. In essence, there is no distinction between high and low.", "question": "Which of the following is what the passage is intended to emphasize?", "options": ["The discussion of the concept that the customer is God has its background and limitations.", "It is more reasonable to introduce a new consumption concept than the customer is God.", "It shows that not all the habitual consumption concepts in people's life are correct.", "It is emphasized that there is an equal trading relationship between consumers, manufacturers and merchants."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 9423, "answer": 0, "text": "In reality, migrant workers are often faced with the problem of insufficient evidence and difficult to obtain evidence when safeguarding their rights. Statistics of cases heard by a court in city B show that about 80% of the cases in which migrant workers claim wages are due to migrant workers' lack of relevant evidence. Although labor contracts, wage cards, wage slips, bank transfer records, attendance sheets, work permits and other materials can be used as evidence that migrant workers are owed wages, but many migrant workers work with contractors only pay in cash, but there is no evidence. Coupled with the awareness that some migrant workers are lack of evidence, it may also lead to insufficient evidence to protect their rights after being owed wages.", "question": "Which of the following options is most likely to be described in this passage next?", "options": ["Use laws and regulations to solve the problem of insufficient evidence after migrant workers are being owed wages.", "Use laws and regulations to force employers to solve the problem of being owed wages for migrant workers.", "Need to train migrant workers to learn to use laws and regulations to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests", "The legal problems encountered by migrant workers in the process of asking for wages"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 4420, "answer": 0, "text": "A well-known artist Liu held his solo concert in Shanghai twice in 2009. Among them, the first box office revenue was very good, and all the tickets were sold out one month before the performance. Therefore, the artist's brokerage company decided to hold Liu's solo concert in Shanghai again one month later, which was the same scale as the first time. However, the second box office revenue was not ideal, and only 40% of the tickets were sold.", "question": "Which of the followings is the most likely reason for the decline in box office revenue of the second concert??", "options": ["The program arrangement of the second concert is the same as that of the first concert. Many people have participated in the first concert, so they will not participate in the second concert", "While the second concert was held, another well-known artist was performing magic in Shanghai", "Most of the people who attended the second concert did not buy tickets for the first concert", "The venue of the second concert is not in the city center. Many Shanghainese are too far away from home to participate"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 6949, "answer": 2, "text": "In accordance with the administrative authority, the state administrative organs conduct a comprehensive inspection of the morality, ability, diligence and performance of national civil servants and pay attention to the actual performance assessment. Assessment is the basis for the management of civil servants and the basis for training, reward and punishment, appointment and removal, and salary increase or decrease; assessment has incentive function and is an important way to improve administrative efficiency; assessment also has a guiding function; at the same time, assessment is conducive to the supervision of civil servants, prevent civil servants at all levels from being masters, break away from the masses to engage in specialization, and even abuse power for personal gain and violate the law and discipline.", "question": "Which of the following is the main argument supported in this paragraph?", "options": ["The state requires a comprehensive assessment of civil servants", "Assessment is the basis of the management of civil servants", "The assessment of civil servants is a national requirement and it is of great significance", "The reason for implementing the assessment system for civil servants lies in its great significance in the management activities of civil servants"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
{"id": 7852, "answer": 3, "text": "In an exam, a student was caught cheating, and the teacher told him: If you don't want to get caught, don't do anything stupid.", "question": "Which of the following options is different from the above conclusions?", "options": ["If you do something stupid, you must be prepared to be caught", "You can avoid being caught unless you don't do stupid things", "Either get caught or don't do stupid things", "People who are caught doing stupid things often have bad luck"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.