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The National Revolution of 1952 25 Jul, 2014 \| Sorcha Thomson History & Politics A Plea for Remembrance ‘To remember the past is to give the young people an understanding of our history, one they can use to change things in the present, and the future.’—Greta Maria, 32 When investigating the role of the National Revolution of 1952 in contemporary Bolivian identity, the memory of Bolivia’s mid-century history appears to suffer a generational rift. Asked what she knows about the revolutionary events of 1952, Viola, 19 years old, turns to her mother with a blank face and pleading eyes. Her innocent ignorance exposes the failure of the revolution to maintain prominence in the consciousness of Bolivia’s youth. Sorcha Thomson explores the significance of 1952, and the importance of remembering what Carlos Mesa describes as both its ‘lights and shadows’. The events of 1952 cannot be viewed in isolation from the long history of Bolivian oppression, struggle, and defeat. In the countryside, the semi-feudal structure ensured 8 percent of the landowners held more than 95 percent of arable land. In the mines, three families controlled 80 percent of the industry, accounting for 80 percent of Bolivia’s exports. The indigenous population had no rights; they were dispensable assets to the ruling elites. The events of 1952 emerged as a response to this ingrained and often violently enforced culture of exploitation. In 1946, the ideals of the Trotskyist Revolutionary Workers' Party (POR) were adopted by the Union Federation of Mine Workers of Bolivia, asserting their goal for the seizure of power by the workers. With the 1951 elections, won by the middle-class Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario (MNR) but immediately annulled by the ruling military regime, the popular party, led by Victor Paz Estenssoro, were forced into exile. Having been denied their constitutional revolution, the masses took up arms in a violent uprising. From Cochabamba, Oruro, and Potosí, workers marched to the capital. In just three days the illegitimate government was defeated, and the captured prisoners forced to march through the city in their underwear. By April 11, there was no longer a state army in Bolivia. The only armed force in the country was between 50,000 and 100,000 men organised into militias by the unions. Real power was in the hands of workers. It would appear that a popular revolution had occurred. However, as the exiled leaders of the MNR returned to govern the newly mobilised Bolivian masses, the ideals of revolution were diluted in political pragmatism. Despite legislative success in the granting of universal suffrage and education, demands for the nationalisation of the mines and agrarian reform were delayed and modified to allow continued dominance of the ruling elites. As such, the struggle created a semblance of triumph, but the culture of exploitation and inequality persisted to dictate society. Felix Muruchi, whose autobiography charts his movement ‘from the mines to the streets’ as a result of the revolution, describes the succeeding years as a process of ‘self-colonisation’. Indigenous people were required to reject their roots and adopt Western clothing and language in order to enjoy social acceptance. The criollo minority maintained an exclusionary society, blocking the newly franchised majority from integrating socially, economically, and politically. To become a participating Bolivian required a mutation of identity; race continued to dictate status. It is this failure to transcend the culture of racial discrimination that has emasculated the revolution in both the official histories of Bolivia, and the popular consciousness of its citizens. Mario Murillo, Bolivian historian and author of But The Bullet Does Not Kill The Target, has made a significant contribution to the historiography of the revolution. His work places emphasis on the human voices of those who experienced the revolutionary events. This oral history offers an alternative to the traditional presidential history that dominates understanding of the Bolivian past. As an astute historian, he dismisses a direct link between 1952 and contemporary life, ‘as nothing is a direct consequence of anything in history’. However, he does judge that ‘Bolivia was never the same after 1952’. The indigenous population had won the basic rights to gain a foothold, though a loose one, in Bolivian society. Sixty-two years on from the uprising, as personal memory of the events slips from the living to the departed, it is necessary to assess the ways in which the revolution is represented in the Bolivian national consciousness. For the spirit of revolution and the ideals that accompany it to continue, it is necessary for the younger generation to remember both the ‘lights and shadows’ of 1952. In conducting interviews on the streets of La Paz, not one person under the age of 20 displays any awareness of the national revolution; ‘No, no sé nada’ is the recurring and disappointing theme. However, Jaime Ortiz, a teacher from La Paz aged 54, demonstrates a greater understanding: ‘I don’t think it was really like a revolution, because it was unfinished. It had the spirit of a revolution, but things didn’t get done’. In his opinion, the significance of 1952 lies in this spirit: ‘It gave us the idea to start something different. Now, we can use these basic ideas to bring real change’. And it is real change that is being promised by the presidency of Evo Morales, the first indigenous man to hold the office. His rise to power was made possible by the revolutionary actions of the miners of 1952. However, his rhetoric negates the uprising to a period of Bolivian history he describes as ‘colonial, not ever revolutionary’, claiming his own as the first and only true Bolivian revolution. His leadership is bringing tangible benefits to the conditions of indigenous life and has ‘refounded’ Bolivia as a plurinational state, constitutionally recognising the languages and cultures of the indigenous peoples. Yet in this plurinational state, ethnicity continues to act as a social indicator and a political tool. In order to move beyond essentialised identities founded in racial difference, it is necessary to remember and maintain the revolutionary spirit that has been the driving force of Bolivia’s progress to equality. The lack of awareness amongst the Bolivian youth surrounding the events of 1952 is mirrored by the lack of official memorialisation in La Paz. The only permanent commemoration exists in the Museo de la Revolución Nacional, an imposing building at the head of the Plaza Villarroel. Despite the grandeur of the approach, the internal exhibition provides sparse information about the revolutionary events. Beautiful and obscure murals depict in rich colours a symbolic representation of the struggle. Yet the details, characters, and culmination of the revolution are undetectable; the only mention of Juan Lechín Oquendo, leader of the labour movement, exists as a small plaque at ground level. Here, it seems, empty grandeur and abstract art have taken the place of genuine remembrance. Despite the notable limitations of the process in 1952, the rights it won for the majority of Bolivians should not be discarded to the dustbin of history. Historian James Cone offers a profound warning: ‘Amnesia is the enemy of justice’. To forget the past is to deny the lessons it can offer. The events of 1952 remind us of the power of popular mobilisation behind a cause. And its aftermath highlights the limitations of a revolution when faced with a culture hostile to its aims. While 1952 did not provide immediate relief to the long history of Bolivian inequality, it did provide the fundamental tools through which the oppressed could lay claim to a Bolivian identity. The revolutionary ideals served as a template for the future Bolivia, even if this process was interrupted by 50 years of capitalist exploitation and military rule. Remembering this revolution is as important as the march upon La Paz 62 years ago. To forget would be to degrade the human lives lost in pursuit of an egalitarian Bolivian nation, and to fail in our duty to learn from their struggle. The blissful ignorance of youth, while beautiful in its innocence, bodes precariously for the future. Make a comment
Byron's Babbles Building New Instincts Posted in Educational Leadership, Global Leadership, Instinct, Leadership, Leadership Development by Dr. Byron L. Ernest on July 24, 2021 I am reading another great book right now, Great Circle, by Maggie Shipstead.This amazing novel tells the story of a trailblazing female pilot named Marian Graves and the woman, Hadley Baxter, who played her in a film decades later. It spans time and space while sharing the stories of two courageous women. Marian wants to be a pilot in the early 20th century, a time when women couldn’t even vote much less work in paying jobs where they defied gravity and risked crashing into mountains. It is incredible how Shipstead has layered this book. I am about a quarter of the way through it and I found myself Googling characters to just check and make sure these really were fictitious characters. But, that’s the beauty of a novel; we get to know everything about each character (person) as they become alive for us. Unlike real life, where there are always hidden or unrevealed aspects. In the book, when Marian went up for her first flying lesson, her instructor asked her if she knew what to do if the plane stalled. He was surprised she knew the answer: point the nose down to gain some speed before pulling up. The instructor was impressed she knew this because it goes against instinct to point the nose down in a loss of power – we want to try to get higher. Marian’s instructor, during this part of the conversation said, “Don’t always follow your instinct but build new instincts.” I loved this statement and it is so true. Sometimes, not all the time, we must fight our instincts and even go against our instincts. Granted, however, the question of “should we question our instinct or go with it?” is not that easy. Our instincts are not really that random. They are based on the brain’s rapid appraisal and comparison of our current situation with memories of previous situations. So when a decision feels intuitive, it might in fact be based on years of experience. Because of our cognitive biases, however, we can be led toward the wrong answer. Many times we tend to be over-optimistic; we prefer simple solutions; we notice and remember information that confirms what we already think; Additionally, we have this uncontrollable urge to continue down paths that we have already been down, are the tradition and safe path, or have already invested time and money in. This could keep us from doing a little trailblazing of our own. So next time your instinct is sending you in one direction it’s worth assessing the situation and asking, “What are the arguments for the options of building a new instinct?
Google Translate: Adverse Childhood Experience (ACEs) Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are traumatic events that occur in childhood (0-17 years) such as enduring or being exposed to abuse or neglect, familial violence, growing up in a family with mental illness, parental separation, or substance abuse. ACEs have a tremendous impact on future violence victimization and perpetration, and lifelong health and opportunity. ACEs can have negative, lasting effects on health, wellbeing, and opportunity. Exposures to traumatic events in childhood can disrupt a child’s healthy brain development, impact social and emotional development, and compromise immune systems. These children are often struggle to learn and complete schooling, at a higher risk of becoming involved in crime and violence, using alcohol or drugs, and engaging in unhealthy coping behaviors. They are susceptible to disease, illness, and mental health challenges, and can have difficulty forming healthy and stable relationships, struggle with finances, family, and jobs over their lifetime. Infant-Toddler Mental Health (ITMH) project aims to promote healthy growth in young children’s social and emotional development by educating Family Child Care Providers and Early Childhood Educators on identify and address ACEs and mental health issues and their impact on infants-toddlers and their families. ITMH project will provide technical assistance and coaching on best practices for integration of ACEs with working knowledge of mental health to support children and their families. For more information, please contact Infant-Toddler Mental Health Consultant and Program Supervisor, Ms. Amy Eng at 212-941-0030 ext.236 Scroll to Top
United Kingdom Population 2022 Population United Kingdom 2022 is 66 647 201 people. United Kingdom ranks 21 in terms of population in the world - 0.86% of all inhabitants of the Earth. The capital of United Kingdom is London, the official currency is the Pound Sterling (GBP). Chislennost.com has used information from reliable sources. Find out the population of a country, city, district at Chislennost.com. 1. Population rank 2. Life expectancy 3. Age 4. Total area Population of United Kingdom 66 647 201 people Flag of United Kingdom Flag of United Kingdom Data in January 2022 Population rank, Life expectancy, age and total area United Kingdom Population rank United Kingdom 66 647 201 people Male population 49.2% Female population 50.8% Life expectancy United Kingdom Life expectancy Male 78 Life expectancy Female 82.3 Median age United Kingdom 40.2 age <15 years 17.3% 15 - 65 years 66.2% >65 years 16.5% Total area Total area United Kingdom 243610 km2 (#79 in world) Population density 273.58 per km2 The site chislennost.com uses information from official sources and is updated every month. Some data may differ due to the lack of the latest census. ⚡ When was the population counted? The population count in United Kingdom was carried out in 2022. ⚡ What place does United Kingdom occupy in terms of population on Earth? United Kingdom takes 21st place in the ranking of the population of countries on Earth. ⚡ Which city is the capital of United Kingdom? The capital of United Kingdom is the city of London with a population of 8 173 900 people.
Gavin M. Cox A survey of standard Egyptian Encyclopedias and earliest mythology demonstrates Egyptian knowledge of Creation and the Flood consistent with the Genesis account. The Table of Nations (Genesis 10-11) describes how Noah's sons populated the earth after the Babel dispersion. We are told in Genesis 10:6 that Ham was the father of four sons (Cush, Mizraim, Put, Canaan). The MT Text of Scripture does not contain the name 'Egypt' but refers to this territory using the names of Mizraim and Ham. Scripture's first reference to Mizraim as the Eponymous ancestor of Egypt occurs at Gen. 13:1, and following, refers to Egypt as 'Mizraim' 652 times in the OT (cf. Genesis 50:10-11). Ham is referred to poetically as the Eponym of Egypt in Psalms (78:51; 105:23, 27; 106:22) describing Egypt as the 'land of Ham'. Has Scripture revealed that Ham founded Egypt, and his son Mizraim succeeded him, as the first of Egypt's Pharaohs? Gen. 9:28 reveals that Noah lived 350 years after the Flood, and Gen. 11:10-11 reveals Shem lived 502 years after the Flood (even outliving Abraham), and presumably Ham and Japheth lived to great ages also. Could it be that the Flood Patriarchal family were 'deified', and became the first gods of the pagan nations? (Cooper, 1995; Chittick, 1998). If so, would Egypt's hieroglyphic language preserve a knowledge of the Patriarchs as ancient, deified ancestors, Egypt's creators, who handed on their knowledge after the Great Flood? And is the Bible's account of the Flood, the Ark, and Noah and his descendants, preserved in plain sight? The Creationist Flood Model would predict this, and I will attempt to demonstrate this to be so. My search will start with Scripture and continually be guided by Scripture. Firstly, the Egyptian language should be a more consistent and enduring guide compared to Egyptian mythology. MT preserves the meanings of Noah's family's names. Could it be that the onomatology of each name is preserved within Egypt's hieroglyphs as a kind of linguistic footprint? In other words Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Creationism. Pittsburgh, PA: Creation Science Fellowship phonetically similar Egyptian words, carrying the same range of meanings as the MT would demonstrate consistency and deep linguistic connections with Genesis as real history. I will review Egypt's earliest creation myths to find any points of contact that may reveal consistency with the Genesis account, and Egypt's preservation of it. I will show that Egyptian mythology has suffered 'theological compression', whereby the Creation and Flood accounts have been conflated. Once the connections are recognized, and teased apart, more evidence will quickly follow. Flood, onomatology, eponym, Hermopolitan Ogdoad, Edfu, Heliopolis, Memphis, Hermopolis, Ennead, determinative, ideograph, hieroglyphic, Documentary Hypothesis (DH) DigitalCommons@Cedarville provides a publication platform for fully open access journals, which means that all articles are available on the Internet to all users immediately upon publication. However, the opinions and sentiments expressed by the authors of articles published in our journals do not necessarily indicate the endorsement or reflect the views of DigitalCommons@Cedarville, the Centennial Library, or Cedarville University and its employees. The authors are solely responsible for the content of their work. Please address questions to [email protected]. you may Download the file to your hard drive.
Updating data in a table The syntax describes the UPDATE statement you use to modify data already stored in a table. An example shows how to apply the syntax. You construct an UPDATE statement using the following syntax: Depending on the condition specified in the optional WHERE clause, an UPDATE statement might affect every row in a table. The expression in the WHERE clause must be an expression supported by a SELECT clause. Subqueries are not allowed on the right side of the SET statement. Partition columns cannot be updated. UPDATE students SET name = null WHERE gpa <= 1.0;
Expert in study Ask a question Computer Science Robert 41 cents Write a python program to input any three digit number and print the given number is Niven number. answers: 1 Register to add an answer The time for answering the question is over Warming is the cumulative rise in increase in the average global temperature mesured over a long period. The Earth's global temperature is increasing from many years due to human violence against the environment. Most Humans have no interest in taking care of the environment. But,these are affecting very much harm to the environment. Some main causes of Global Warming are deforestation,Pollution,growth in human population,etc. Many people cut trees for their income which is called deforestation. A large number of trees are being cut mostly from the forests in large amount. As a result,the soil become lose and erodes. Also,the amount of oygen is getting less slowy day-by-day due to deforestation. This cause in the increase of Carbon Dioxide(CO2) mixed in the air which is a main reason of Global Warming. Thus,the Earth's Environment is getting very much harm by deforestation. The second reason that is causing Global Warming is pollution. People are poluting the environment without thinking anything of the environment. The smoke coming out from the industries are mixing up with the atmosphere making it polluted as the smoke coming out from the industries have mixed chemical gases in it. Also,the waste chemicals made in industries are released into the rivers,ponds and lakes.Thus,giving the environment a deadly harm. Other tha these,the smoke that comes out from the vehicles like cars,motorcycles,buses,aeroplanes,etc. is also a cause of Global Warming. As,the smoke released from vehicles mostly contains Carbon Monoxide(CO) which also gets mixed up with the air in large amount and harms the environment. People harms the environment also by throwing garbages in the soil. People use large amount of plastic in forms of plastic bags,packets of food materials,etc. After using these,nost people throw the garbages in soil and rivers. These plastic does not dissolve in soil and remains up to hundreds of years. It also leds to Soil Erosion. Other and soil erosion,sunlight and heat cause the plastic to release harmful greenhouse gases which results in climate change and harmfully leads to Global Warming. This way, the environment is being polluted and Global Warming is being increased continously. People are not caring anything about this and Global Warming is increasing continously. The third main reason causing the increase in Global Warming is the growth of Population. The human growth of population is 83 million per year. The more population increasing means more requirements of oil,gas,coal and fossil fuels mined from below the Earth surface. When these are burned to form required things,leaves a lot of gases with mostly Carbon Dioxide mixed in the air and results in the formation of greenhouse effect. This is a harmful thing that affects the environment,climate and Global Warming. These were some of the main causes that are affecting the environment and leads to increase in Global Warming. Global Warming can also be decreased. Global Warming can be decreased bg planting trees as much as Possible. Planting trees can reduce Global Warming to a great extent. All people must plant trees instead of cutting them. It is a very big contribution to the environment. Global Warming can also be decreased by stopping the use of harmful chemicals or leaving the waste chemicals in air or water,by reducing the use of vehicles,by reducing and reusing plastic and by reducing the use of fossil fuels. This way,we can stop Global Warming. All people should stop the increase of Global Warming and make our environment beutiful. For answers need to register. Expert in study About us For new users For new experts Terms and Conditions
Antiemetics, Neuroleptics, Prokinetics used in emesis, MCQS for GPAT, NEET PG,NIPER, Drug inspector and pharmacist exam. Antiemetics: Antiemetics are a heterogeneous group of drugs used to treat various causes of nausea and vomiting. Different antiemetics act on different receptors, and they may have a peripheral effect, a central effect, or both. Antiemetic drugs can help when nausea and vomiting stem from, for example: • motion sickness • viral or bacterial infections, such as those responsible for the stomach flu • pregnancy • the effects of surgery • other medications, such as chemotherapy Classification of antiemetics: A. Anticholinergics. 1. Hyoscine 2. Dicyclomine a. Hyoscine: It is the most effective drug for motion sickness. Its antiemetic action is exerted by blocking conduction of nerve impulses across a cholinergic link in the pathway leading from the vestibular apparatus to the vomiting centre. Producing mild side effects. b. Dicyclomine: Dicyclomine is an anticholinergic that acts as an antispasmodic agent. It blocks a natural chemical in your body called acetylcholine from acting on your stomach and intestines. By blocking this chemical, the medication slows down the natural movement of the gut and relaxes the muscles in the stomach and intestines. B. Antihistaminics: Some of antihistaminics act as antiemetics, useful in motion sickness and lesser extent in morning sickness. 1. Promethazine 2. Diphenhydramine 3. Dimenhydrinate 4. Doxylamine 5. Meclozine(Meclizine) a. Promethazine, Diphenhydramine, Dimenhydrinate: These drugs are used in motion sickness. for 4-6hrs, but produce sedation and dryness mouth. Driving is not advisable after taking these medications. They act through central cholinergic action by blocking the extrapyramidal side effects of metoclopramide. Combination of these antihistaminics with other anti emetics has been used in chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). b. Doxylamine: It is a sedative H1 antihistaminics. Doxylamine reduces nausea and vomiting by inhibiting histaminergic signaling to the vomiting center in the medulla. Oral absorption is slow and its t1/2 is of 10hrs. Side effects: Dry mouth, drowsiness, abdominal upset and vertigo. c. Meclozine: It is less sedative, less anticholinergic and has longer action. Protects from sea sickness for nearly 24hrs. d. Cinnarizine: It is an antivertigo drug. having antimotion sickness property. It acts by inhibiting influx of ca++ from endolymph into vestibular sensory cells which mediates labyrinthine reflexes. B. Neuroleptics: The older neuroleptics are potent antiemetics and sedative . They act by blocking D2 receptors in the CTZ. Antagonize apomorphine induced vomiting. They have broad spectrum antiemetic action effective in: 1. Disease induced vomiting: gastroenteritis, uraemia, liver disease, migraine etc. 2. Drug induced and post operative nausea and vomiting (PONV). 3. Malignancy associated and cancer chemotherapy (mildly emetogenic) induced vomiting. 4. Radiation sickness vomiting (less effective). 5. Morning sickness: should not be used except in hyperemesis gravidarum. 1. Chlorpromazine 2. Triflupromazine 3. Prochlorperazine Prochlorperazine: It mainly works by depressing the chemoreceptor trigger zone and blocking D2 dopamine receptors in the brain. It was shown to also block histaminergic, cholinergic and noradrenergic receptors. Uses: It is highly effective in when given i,v in vertigo associated vomiting and to some extent in chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). Side effects: Muscle dystonia, extrapyramidal side effect are more prominent, Dystonic reactions are most common in children especially after i,m injection. C. Prokinetic drugs: These drugs promote g.i.t transit and speed gastric emptying by enhancing coordinated propulsive motility. 1. Metoclopramide 2. Domperidone 3. Cisapride 4. Mosapride 5. Itopride 6. Levosulpiride 7. Cinitapride a. Metoclopramide: D2 antagonism : Dopamine is inhibitory transmitter in the g.i.t. Metoclopramide increases gastric emptying by decreasing lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure. It also exerts effects on the area postrema of the brain, preventing and relieving the symptoms of nausea and vomiting. It blocks D2 receptor and has opposite effect -hastening the gastric emptying and enhancing the LES tone by augmenting ACh release. The central antidopaminergic action of this drug is clearly responsible for its antiemetic property. 5-HT4 agonism: It acts in g.i.t to enhance ACh release from myenteric motor neurons. This results from 5-HT4 receptor activation on primary afferent neurons (PAN) of the ENS, which in turn activates the excitatory neurons. The gastric emptying and LES tonic effects of metoclopramide are mainly due to this action. Pharmacokinetics: Metoclopramide is rapidly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. It enters brain, crosses placenta and is secreted in milk.. It is partly conjugated in liver and excreted in urine within 24 hrs. T1/2 is of 3-6hrs. Acting for 4-6hrs. Interactions: Absorption of aspirin, diazepam, digoxin may be altered by the gastric hurrying action of metoclopramide. Side effects: It is generally well tolerated, sedation, dizziness, loose motion, muscle dystonias (in children). Long term use can cause parkinsonism, gynaecomastia and galactorrhoea. Uses: Antiemetic, Gastrokinetic, Dyspepsia, GERD b. Domperidone: The DA2-receptor antagonist domperidone antagonizes the inhibitory effect of dopamine, resulting in stimulation of gastric muscle contraction. This provides a mechanism for the gastrokinetic effect of domperidone. the antiemetic action mainly exerted through CTZ which is not protected by blood-brain barrier. Because of poor entry in CNS, it does not block the effect of levodopa in parkinson, but counteracts its dose-limiting emetic action. Pharmacokinetic: It is absorbed orally but bioavailability is only 15% due to its first pass metabolism. Its metabolites excreted in urine. Plasma t1/2 is of 7.5hrs. Side effects: Loose stools, dry mouth, headache, rashes and galactorrhoea. Uses: Postoperative, drug and disease induced nausea and vomiting. c. Cisapride: Cisapride is a gastroprokinetic agent, a drug that increases motility in the upper gastrointestinal tract. It acts directly as a serotonin 5-HT4 receptor agonist and indirectly as a parasympathomimetic. Stimulation of the serotonin receptors increases acetylcholine release in the enteric nervous system. d. Mosapride: It has similar gastrokinetic and LES tonic action due to 5-HT4 antagonistic action in myenteric plexus. Side effects: Abdominal pain, loose motions, dizziness, headache and insomnia. e. Cinitapride: It acts by inhibiting 5-HT2 and dopamine D2 receptors as well as stimulating 5-HT4 receptors in the myenteric plexus. Uses: It is used in g.i disorders, like non-ulcer dyspepsia, delayed gastric emptying and GERD. f. Itopride: Itopride increases acetylcholine concentrations by inhibiting dopamine D2 receptors and acetylcholinesterase. Higher acetylcholine increases GI peristalsis, increases the lower esophageal sphincter pressure, stimulates gastric motility, accelerates gastric emptying, and improves gastro-duodenal coordination. Pharmacokinetics: It is metabolised by flavin monooxygenase and not by CYP450 isoenzymes. Side effects: abdominal pain, diarrhoea, headache, galactorrhoea and gynaecomastia Uses: effective in relieving symptoms of dyspepsia. D. 5-HT3 antagonists: 1. Ondansetrone 2. Granisetron 3. Palonosetron 4. Ramosetron a. Ondansetron: It is prototype antiemetic drug used to control cancer chemotherapy/ radiotherapy induced vomiting and highly effective in PONV and disease/drug associated vomiting as well. It acts by blocking the depolarizing action of 5-HT exerted through 5-HT3 receptors on vagal afferents in the g.i.t as well as NTS and CTZ. It blocks the emetogenic impulses mainly at their peripheral origin in g.i.t and at their central relay. Pharmacokinetics: Oral bioavailability of ondansetron is 60-70% due to its first pass metabolism. It is hydroxylated by CYP1A2, CYP2D6 and CYP3A, followed by glucuronide and sulfate conjugation. It is excreted in urine and faeces, mostly as metabolites. T1/2 is of 3-5hrs. Duration of action is of 8-12hrs. Side effects: It is well tolerated. Some side effects are headache and dizziness. b. Palonosetron: It is the longest 5-Ht3 blocker having the highest affinity for 5-HT3 receptors. Pharmacokinetics: It is metabolised in liver as well in kidney mainly by CYP2D6. Side effects: Headache, dizziness, fatigue, abdominal pain. E. NK1 receptor antagonist: 1. Aprepitant 2. Fosaprepitant a. Aprepitant: It has high affinity NK1 receptor antagonist that blocks the emetic action of substance P, with little effect on 5-HT3 and D2 or other receptors. F. Adjuvant antiemetics: 1. Dexamethasone 2. Benzodiazepines 3. Dronabinol a. Dexamethasone: It enhance efficacy against both acute and delay emesis. b. Benzodiazepines: The weak antiemetic property of BZDs is primarily based on the sedative action. Diazepam given before chemotherapy as adjuvant to metaclopramide or ondansetron help by relieving the psychogenic component , anticipatory vomiting and produce amnesia for the unpleasant procedure. c. Dronabinol: It can be used as an alternative antiemetic for moderately emetogenic chemotherapy in patients who can not tolerate other antiemetics. 1. Drugs used to treat various causes of nausea and vomiting. a. Antidiarrhoeal b. Antiemetics c. Antimanic d. None 2. Which is not anticholinergic? a. Hyoscine b. Dicyclomine c. Domperidone d. None 3. Which are the examples of antihistaminics used as antiemetics? a. Promethazine b. Diphenhydramine c. Dimenhydrinate d. All of above 4. Muscle dystonia is a side effect of which drug? a. Metoclopramide b. Domperidone c. Prochlorperazine d. Cisapride 5. Drugs promote g.i.t transit and speed gastric emptying by enhancing coordinated propulsive motility. a. Prokinetic drugs b. Antihistaminics c. Anticholinergics d. Corticosteroids 6. What are the side effects of Metoclopramide? a. Muscle dystonia b. Dizziness c. Loose motion d. All of above 7. Which antiemetic drug possess first pass metabolism? a. Ondansetrone b. Granisetron c. Palonosetron d. Ramosetron 8. Which one is NK1 receptor antagonist? a. Aprepitant b. Fosaprepitant c. a$b d. None 9. Example of Neuroleptics? a. Domperidone b. Metoclopramide c. Cisapride d. Chlorpromazine 10. Which drugs antagonize apomorphine induce vomiting? a. Neuroleptics b. Prokinetics c. Anticholinergics d. Antihistaminics 11. which drug is 5-HT3 antagonists? a. Domperidone b. Metoclopramide c. Cisapride d. Ondansetron 12. What are the uses of domperidone? a. Postoperative, drug and disease induced nausea and vomiting. b. Constipation c. Diarrhoea d. None 13. Which drug possess D2 antagonism and 5-HT4 agonism? a. Metoclopramide b. Ondansetron c. Domperidone d. Cisapride 14. What are the uses of Ondanserton? a. chemotherapy/ radiotherapy induced vomiting b. Post operative induced vomiting c. Drug and disease induced vomiting d. All of above 15. What are the side effects of Domperidone? a. Galactorrhoea b. Dry mouth c. Headache d. All of above 1. b 2. c 3. d 4. c 5. a 6. d 7. a 8. c 9. d 10. a 11. d 12. a 13. a 14. d 15. d 1. ” K.D.Tripathi”, Antiemetics, page no 710-719, 8th edition, june 2018. 2. “Alan Carter”, Healthline, Sep 2018. 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How to Lower Nitrogen in Soil \| Most Detail Guide Ever on Internet This article’s primary objective is meant to educate and enlighten us on how to lower nitrogen in the soil and other vital subtopics discussed in the articles. Nitrogen is everywhere in the atmosphere in gaseous form; when we talk about the presence, excess, or scarcity of nitrogen in agriculture, we refer only to the nitrogen available for plants, which is that fixed in the soil by microorganisms. Even in conditions of scarcity of useful nitrogen, the environment is always rich in gaseous nitrogen. Nitrogen is an essential nutrient that all plants require for proper growth. It is an important constituent of the chlorophyll molecule, nucleic acids, and proteins. How to Lower Nitrogen in Soil YouTube video Too much nitrogen in the soil can damage plants, but adding nitrogen is relatively easy. Removing excess nitrogen in the soil is a little more difficult. Diminishing nitrogen in the nursery soil should be possible with tolerance and a little information. Below are tips on reducing nitrogen in the soil with plants that reduce nitrogen in the garden soil. To eliminate excess nitrogen in the soil, you need to bind the nitrogen in the soil to something else. Fortunately, as a gardener, you are likely growing many nitrogen-fixing things – in other words, plants. Each plant will use some nitrogen in the soil, but plants such as pumpkin, cabbage, broccoli, and corn use large amounts of nitrogen while growing. When these plants thrive where there is too much nitrogen in the soil, they use up excess nitrogen. Be aware, when plants get sick, they look sick and don’t produce a lot of fruit or flowers. Remember, you are not growing these plants for food but rather as sponges that will lower the soil’s nitrogen levels. Learn More: How To Get Rid Of String Algae Using mulch to remove excess nitrogen in the soil Many people use mulch in their garden and have problems with the mulch, which destroys the nitrogen in the soil when it breaks down. Having too much nitrogen in the soil can take advantage of this usually frustrating problem. You can put mulch over the dirt with a lot of nitrogen to assist pull with excursion the overabundance of nitrogen in the dirt. Cheap, colored mulch is perfect for this. Inexpensive, colored mulch is usually scrapped from soft forests, and these use higher amounts of nitrogen in the soil when they collapse. For the same reason, sawdust can also be used as mulch to reduce nitrogen in the soil. Having a lot of nitrogen in the dirt can make your plants look rich and green, yet their capacity to create soil products is enormously diminished. While you can make strides towards lessening nitrogen in nursery soil, it is ideal to try not to add an excess of nitrogen into the dirt in any case. Use natural or compound composts with nitrogen cautiously. Test your soil before adding nitrogen to the soil to avoid having excess nitrogen in your soil. How to Increase Nitrogen in the Soil How to Increase Nitrogen in the Soil When cultivating a garden, you want to make sure that your plants grow in the healthiest of conditions. There is no supplement more critical to the strength of your nursery than nitrogen! Be that as it may, not all dirt contains the best measure of nitrogen for plants to arrive at their maximum capacity. Use the correct kinds of vegetables or creature waste to add more nitrogen to your dirt so your nursery can flourish in the manner you need. Use chemical fertilizers when you need a quick fix. Synthetic fertilizer is quick and easy to use. If you are in the middle of a growing season and your plants have nutritional deficiencies, consider using chemical fertilizer to revitalize them. You can buy a wide range of chemical fertilizers at any hardware store or kindergarten. Remember that chemical fertilizers are not a long-term solution. Over time, synthetic fertilizers decrease soil fertility. Buy fertilizer products that are tailored for your specific crops. With regards to synthetic composts, the recipes have a colossal effect. In case you’re attempting to build nitrogen in your vegetable nursery, purchase manures made explicitly for vegetables. At the point when your yard needs nitrogen support, manure for grass is given. Unique recipes explicitly convey supplements that are ideal for this kind of plant. Read the NPK numbers on fertilizer labels. All fertilizers are categorized according to a 3-number rating system. The first number is nitrogen (N), the second number is phosphorus (P), and the third number is potassium (K). These numbers indicate the percentage of each nutrient that is found in the fertilizer. Always check the NPK before buying any product. Choose a nitrogen level that suits the needs of your soil. For example, 27-7-14 and 21-3-3 are popular nitrogen-heavy fertilizers that also provide a small amount of phosphorus and potassium to the soil. A 21-0-0 fertilizer will only deliver nitrogen to your soil. You can use a balanced mix like 10-10-10 or 15-15-15 if your soil needs all 3 nutrients to be replenished. Go with great quality, slow-discharge compost. Slow delivery or controlled delivery manures can cost somewhat more, however, over the long haul. They’re your smartest choice. Slow-discharge equations will prepare your dirt less frequently because they will last more. They’re likewise more powerful because they discharge supplements gradually and consistently. Cheap produce can sometimes shock and burn plants, causing a horde of new problems. Because chemical fertilizers can affect soil over time, less frequent uses can help keep your soil healthy. Tips for the Healthy Development of Tomato Plants YouTube video Sufficient Water A sufficient water supply is essential for the healthy development of tomato plants. Since plants can only absorb nutrient salts in a dissolved form together with water, the soil should always be moist. However, you should avoid waterlogging so that the tomato plants do not start to rot at the roots. Excessive drought can also be very harmful because it affects nutrient absorption. To prevent the soil from drying out too quickly, mulch mats can be laid out, or nettle leaves can be used. Watering properly It is also important to ensure that the tomato plants’ leaves do not get wet when watering. Otherwise, they can wither and then hang down limp. Also, the moisture on the leaves can promote fungal diseases. Therefore, only the tomato roots should be watered. To protect them from moisture from rain, it is advisable to plant the tomatoes under a sufficient roof. Good air circulation Good air circulation is important for tomatoes to help evaporate moisture from the leaves. The substrate should also be checked regularly for foreign plants (e.g., weeds). These must be removed immediately so as not to hinder the development of the tomato plants. Change location To avoid damage caused by soil fungi such as tomato wilt or nematodes, you should change your tomato cultivation location from year to year. Only after 3 to 4 years should tomatoes be planted again where tomatoes or potatoes were before. Increased maintenance requirements for bucket culture tomatoes can also in tubs are cultured at least 40 cm diameter. Regular fertilization and a good water supply are vital here. The relatively small volume of the bucket is quickly rooted through. Nutrients and water are also only available to a limited extent, which increases the amount of maintenance required. How to Fertilize Tomatoes Properly YouTube video Delicious tomatoes are no coincidence. They need nutrients for them to grow and thrive. Tomatoes are one of the most strongly eating plants. Unlike lettuce or herbs, they need a lot of nutrients. If these are hardly or not at all in the soil, have tomato plants symptoms of deficiency, grow poorly and develop only a few flowers and fruits. Unfortunately, a lot doesn’t always help a lot. On the contrary: over-fertilization can harm tomatoes. Too much nitrogen, for example, can make tomatoes susceptible to disease and pests. Also, the right proportions of potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, and nitrogen are important. We have put together a few tips for you to fertilize your tomatoes properly. What can I fertilize tomatoes with? Unique tomato manures are economically accessible in a strong and fluid-structure. But you can also easily make it yourself: In addition to ripe compost, rotted manure, cattle manure, horse droppings, and horn shavings can be used as long-term fertilizers. When should I fertilize tomatoes? Ideally, it would help if you prepared the tomato patch in autumn. Work plenty of compost and slow-release fertilizer into the soil. So there are many nutrients available when you plant the tomatoes outdoors in May. You can also add compost to the planting hole with the plants. Then it would help if you gave them a break from fertilizing for about four weeks. Tomatoes need fresh fertilizer regularly throughout the summer to grow, bloom, and produce fruit. You should look closely at the tomato plant to see if you need to fertilize it or not. Our tip: fertilize little, but regularly – preferably every seven to 14 days. Sometimes it can also be helpful first to examine the soil in your tomato patch. How do I know when Tomatoes need Fertilizer? How do I know when Tomatoes need Fertilizer Tomatoes demonstrate when they are inadequate with regards to specific supplements. If they grow poorly and the leaves turn light green to yellow, this can be a sign of nitrogen deficiency. A lack of potassium, on the other hand, can manifest itself as brown and dried-up leaves. If there is a lack of magnesium, the tomatoes grow taller, and the leaves turn yellow. You can recognize a lack of phosphorus, among other things, by reddish stems and leaf veins. A certain deficiency is often mistaken for a disease: If the fruits have a dark brown to gray, watery spot at the flower base, it is not due to a fungus or pest. The tomato lacks calcium – and has therefore developed blossom end rot. The issue: Blossom end decay is a metabolic infection. Regardless of whether there is still enough calcium in the dirt, the plant can’t retain it. So there is frequently no reason for fixing up with calcium. How do I know if I Fertilized Tomatoes too much? Even if tomatoes need a lot of nutrients: Too much fertilizer can be harmful to the plant in the long term and even cause it to perish. Too much potassium and phosphorus in the soil, for example, can mean that the plant barely grows. If a tomato is over-fertilized, the soil usually contains too much nitrogen. As a result, the tomato grows very quickly and forms many new shoots and leaves. But these are rather soft and slack and curl up. Flowers and fruits, on the other hand, are in short supply. There is usually only one solution in such cases: wait and do not fertilize the plant until further notice. Common Mistakes When Growing Tomatoes You should learn from your mistakes, if you learn from the mistakes of others, it is all the better. When growing tomatoes, in particular, mishaps can quickly happen, and suddenly the plants perish or bear no fruit. You don’t have to learn the hard way. We have picked out the five most common mistakes when growing tomatoes and how you can do it better. The wrong location Tomatoes like sunshine: the plant should be exposed to the sun for six to seven hours a day so that it bears a lot of fruit. If the sprouts are placed in a shady place in the ground, this has a strong effect on their growth. The plants die or grow very slowly. Also, they have a lot of leaves, but hardly any or no fruit at all. You should also pay attention to the right soil: If the soil is too heavy and does not allow water to run off, waterlogging occurs. The tomato does not tolerate this at all, leading to diseases or the plant perishes. Early repositioning Does the early bird catch the worm? Not with tomatoes. Even if the seedlings look strong and healthy, they should never sow your tomatoes before the soil has reached a temperature of 10 ° C. Otherwise, the small plants will perish, and there is a risk of crop failures. It is best to wait for the ice saints so that the plants are not surprised by a late frost. If the temperatures are right, however, you should not move the small plants directly. First, the offspring have to get used to the new environmental influences. To do this, they are placed in a sheltered place outside by the hour (with increasing length). However, it would help if you took care to avoid direct sunlight. Otherwise, there is a risk of burns on the leaves of the delicate plants. More Plant Some believe that you need as many plants as possible for the harvest to be high in the end. The opposite is often the case: if the plants are planted too densely, their growth is inhibited, and they bear less fruit. To make matters worse, the close stocking density makes the plants more susceptible to various diseases, such as tomato late blight. The tomatoes should be at least 60 cm apart in the bed. When growing tomatoes in the greenhouse, it can be a bit narrower, but here, too, a distance of 50 cm should not be undercut so that the tomatoes thrive optimally. Too much of a good thing Of course, tomatoes need fertilizer so that they bring a lot of fruit. Then a little more can’t hurt either? Wrong: Although tomatoes are heavy eaters, over-fertilizing the crop can be fatal. Too much nitrogen, in particular, ensures that the plant puts more energy into its leaf growth – but the fruits fall by the wayside. They suddenly ripen much more slowly and have fewer flavors. So that your tomato is neither undersupplied nor oversupplied, it is best to use a primarily organic fertilizer like our Plantura organic tomato fertilizer fall back on. This releases its ingredients slowly and gently to the plant and provides it with all the important nutrients for over three months. This will give you resilient and strong tomato plants with a rich tomato harvest. Avoiding a shower Tomatoes need a lot of water. But you can also go wrong with watering tomatoes. In no case should you water the plants from above so that the leaves get wet? The risk of fungal disease increases dramatically if the leaves have been wetted with liquid and cannot dry off properly. The plant can also experience burns when the midday sun falls on the damp leaves. To avoid this, always water the plant below, just above the ground. Also, pay attention to a balanced water balance. The soil should never dry out completely, but too much water can lead to waterlogging, and the plants can die. Effect of Adding Nitrogen to the Soil Effect of Adding Nitrogen to the Soil Antagonism and Competition Nutritional imbalance in the soil can cause difficulties for plants in absorbing nutrients. In other words, the excess of one nutrient in the soil can cause a reduction in the absorption of others occurring a phenomenon known as antagonism. The nutrients can compete for the same absorption site, and the one that is in excess can block the absorption of others through the so-called competitive inhibition. The antagonism effect is notably observed among the nutrients potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg). The content of these elements in the soil needs to be in balance to ensure each one’s full absorption. Very heavy potassium fertilizers reduce the absorption of Ca and Mg by plants, just as the supply of large amounts of Ca in the soil can inhibit K and Mg’s absorption. Also noteworthy is the antagonism caused by the excess of phosphorus (P) concerning boron (B) and zinc (Zn), which are important micronutrients, especially for fruit such as the vine. Predisposition to Diseases A plant with nutritional deficiency or excess is generally more vulnerable to disease than a plant in optimal nutritional condition. Therefore, the balance of nutrients is important, as it provides greater resistance against attack by pathogens. Some nutrients, such as calcium and potassium, can tighten tissues and make them more resistant. Nitrogen, in turn, when supplied in excess, makes tissues more sensitive to attack by pathogens. This damage caused by excess N can be justified by reducing the synthesis of phenolic compounds such as phytoalexins and lignin, which makes the plant tenderer and less resistant to fungal infections. As previously mentioned, the nutritional imbalance can cause problems with the absorption of certain nutrients, such as the K (potassium) antagonism over Ca (calcium) and Mg (magnesium). As calcium is important for the composition of the cell wall, providing stability and resistance to the structure, this element’s deficiency decreases the plant’s defense capacity against pathogens, where the action of enzymes released by fungi becomes easier. Excessive Vigor Fertilization with excess nitrogen can increase vegetative vigor in plants, resulting in an imbalance between vegetative and reproductive structures. The plant produces many branches and leaves with greater vigor and gives less priority to the formation of flowers, fruits, tubers, or tuberous roots. Also, there may be a prolongation of the vegetative phase and a delay in the reproductive stage entrance. These symptoms are observed especially in fruit and plants where the commercial product is roots or tubers, such as the potato and cassava cases. In studies with apple trees, it was observed that the excessive N content in young plants delayed the entry of the plants into production and depressed the formation of structures of reproductive organs, consequently decreasing the number of fruits per plant. In wine grapes, there is a decrease in the quality of fruits with excess nitrogen in fertilization. Salinity Stress When applied in large quantities or very concentrated at the base of the plant, some fertilizers increase the salinity of the root environment and lead the plant to stressful conditions. Two types of damage due to high salinity can occur osmotic stress, where the plant feels as if it needs water, and ionic stress, where excess elements cause toxicity. In the first case, the plant has difficulty absorbing water by the roots and quickly adapts its metabolism to a condition of water stress, reducing the aerial part’s growth. In more extreme cases, the plant can dehydrate to suffer more serious damage. When absorbed in excess, some nutrients can cause imbalance and damage to the plant’s metabolism, interfering with the biochemical processes that occur inside it. With metabolism affected, vital functions are impaired, and the damage can reflect on plant productivity and health. Boron is one of the nutrients that cause damage toxicity when it is present in large quantities and can affect crops such as coffee and strawberries. Ph. Rise Some fertilizers, such as layers of litter and compost of vegetable waste, can neutralize the acidity of the soil by exerting the liming effect. In this way, the excessive and continuous use of certain fertilizers can increase pH to levels above what is desired, causing the unavailability of some micronutrients such as iron, copper, manganese, and zinc. With fertilization, we seek to meet plants’ nutritional needs through the supply of nutrients to the soil. A part of all the cargo loaded is incorporated into the soil and later absorbed by the plant. In contrast, the other part can be lost to the environment through volatilization, runoff, and/or leaching. From an environmental perspective, runoff can lead to portions of soil loaded with fertilizers and pesticides to streams or rivers close to the cultivation area. At the same time, leaching can drive nutrients such as nitrogen to groundwater. In both cases, water resource contamination can cause problems for the entire ecosystem of this environment, including humans who use water. With excess fertilization, the amount of fertilizer lost to the environment is greater, increasing the risks and the severity of environmental contamination. Symptoms of Nitrogen Nitrogen (N) is one of the building blocks, and it is one of the main nutrients. Plants mainly need it for the structure of proteins. They use it directly and integrate it into their compounds. Nitrogen is a growth engine, and it stimulates the development of leaves and stems. Nitrogen deficiency: symptoms • The oldest leaves turn yellow-green – sometimes to autumnal coloring – and fall off. • The plants are rigid, and the twigs become hard compared to normally fed specimens. • Often, there is an early termination of elongation and a “distress bloom”. The flowers remain small and colorless – the energy is lacking. • Due to the increased search for the nutrient, the plant forms long roots whiter than usual. There is a rarer appearance of lateral roots. • Overly green and lush foliage • The branches weaken and break • Slow root development • The flowers become clumpy • The leaves turn yellow, dry up and fall Rinse the substrate with three times more water than the volume of the pot you are using, do not add fertilizer containing nitrogen for a week so that the nitrogen present in the leaves and soil is consumed. Excess nitrogen: symptoms • Growth in length is generally enhanced; the plant becomes herbaceous. • The leaves are bigger and take on a dim green tone. • The end of elongation and flowering is delayed; the plants remain in the vegetative stage. • Plants are more delicate to dry spell. They have a flabby appearance and keep poorly. • Because of the enlarged and unstable cells, they are more susceptible to diseases, insects, and pests. Measures in case of nitrogen deficiency • New sodding with DIN structure: increase the N input in the first 2 to 3 years. • Supply of nitrogen above the soil. In case of acute deficiency or if no rain is expected for a long time, add foliar manure with a product rich in N. • Drain congested land. • Improve the soil structure and increase the aeration pore volume. • If insufficiently ripe material is added, increase nitrogen fertilization so that there is no nitrogen fixation (C / N ratio). • Avoid N leaching in winter by deep fertilization. Frequently Asked Questions How do you fix too much nitrogen in soil? How do you fix too much nitrogen in soil Laying mulch on the top of the soil with too much nitrogen is a great way to help draw out some excess nitrates from in the soil. In particular, cheap dye-covered wood (e.g., dyed scraps) works well for this purpose as it will use higher amounts of nitrogen while breaking down than other types would. How do you deplete nitrogen in soil? A nitrogen deficiency can occur when there are not enough available nitrates for plants to use. To fix this, you should add composted manure or green manures like borage and peas that help store organic compounds such as soil-bound nitrogen because they have root nodules that serve as an interface between these two substances. You may also want to plant crops with legume roots since one type of symbiotic bacteria living on their roots converts atmospheric N into ammonia – another form readily usable by plants (ammonium). Lastly–add coffee grounds! They contain soluble potassium from roasting beans during processing, which helps balance various nutrients present in soils, including phosphorous and magnesium! What is the fastest way to reduce nitrogen in soil? To help with a nitrogen deficiency, add sawdust or fine woodchips to your soil. The carbon in the chips will love how much they like nitrogen and absorb it from excess fertilizer. Plant heavy feeding plants that thrive on high levels of this nutrient such as tomatoes, corn, broccoli, cabbage, and spinach due to their preference for high amounts of organic compounds found within these types of foods. How can we reduce nitrogen? YouTube video Nitrogen is a major cause of pollution in waterways and poses health risks to humans. To resolve this issue, it’s important that farmers properly manage their fertilizer usage to over-supply nutrients for crops. Some ways they could do this include: Winter cover crops which are grown during summer months when there typically isn’t anything growing on pastureland; controlled drainage designed by an engineer who will tailor the plan based on crop sciences principles such as soil type or slope gradient; bioreactors – these systems use bacteria cultures living within various types of geologic media where plants are introduced intermittently throughout periods like 30 days at a stretch with intervals up 3 years between each successive introduction. Farmers must take into account the nitrogen balance as it affects their crop yield. How well a fertilizer is utilized in the field depends on a balance of several factors: • Proper timing, amount, and type of fertilizer. • Soil fertility level and moisture content. • Types of crops being grown. • Temperature and weather conditions are directly related to soil moisture and fertility level. What are 5 uses for nitrogen? Nitrogen is one of the most important elements on earth that has many uses. These range from fertilizers in agriculture to explosives for military purposes. Nitrous oxide also provides us with nitric acid and dyes, which are found all over our world today! Here’s a list of five ways you can find nitrogen around you: The chemical industry: Uses this gas in the production of fertilizers, nylon, etc., medicines like aspirin and insulin; volatilizes CFCs into ozone-damaging chlorine compounds when mixed with Freon’s or chlorofluorocarbons (CFC); produces ammonia used as fertilizer among other agricultural activities such as feedstock processing; makes plastics by catalytic hydrolysis using monoethylene. Last Words We trust you have taken a great deal concerning this article on how to lower nitrogen in the soil and other context discussed in the articles. The spreading of fertilizer in spaced doses is an interesting measure to avoid waste, imbalances and ensure good use of nutrients by the plant. It is also important to frequently monitor the nutritional conditions of the crop through soil and plant tissue analysis. It is important to note that, even though organic fertilizers normally have a lower concentration of nutrients than mineral fertilizers, they must be used in the correct dose. The user should not be exceeding the amounts of nutrients recommended for the crop even if the rural producer obtains animal waste at a low cost. The application of doses is necessary to represent risks to the efficiency of cultivation. It contaminates the environment. Read More: How to Preserve Cattails Comments are closed. buy cialis online cialis online
Interesting read about Easter Island An interesting mention is Charles L. Redman’s Human Impact on Ancient Environments In the first chapter he explains the basics behind Easter Island which I’ll try not to screw up here: The Inhabitants were Polynesians (pacific ship fairing people) who literally found heaven on earth. There were no land mammals so they fished like they had always done but eventually deforested the entire island. Over time they lost their ship building materials and then later their whole identity as a seafares(this happened over hundreds of years). Once they couldn’t build boats they started eating the birds which is unfortunate because Easter Island was thought to be one of the largest breeding grounds for birds in the pacific. There were 30 species at the time and only 1 remains now. When the Europeans showed up they couldn’t figure out how the island was essentially sterile and how giant stone statues were erected. Leave a Reply You are commenting using your account. Log Out / Change ) Google photo Twitter picture Facebook photo Connecting to %s
Frequent question: What does self facing mean in sewing terms? Self-facing – Facing cut from the same fabric as the garment. Selvage – Tightly woven factory edge of fabric that runs parallel to the lengthwise grain. Serge – An edge or seam sewn on a serger. What’s the difference between facing and interfacing? As nouns the difference between facing and interfacing is that facing is the most external portion of exterior siding while interfacing is a layer of fabric inserted between other layers of a garment to provide stiffening. Where will you find facing of a garment? A facing is the fabric used to finish a garment edge. Facings may finish collarless necklines, sleeveless armholes, front and back openings, cuffs, and some details such as patch pockets. Facings are usually on the inside of the garment edge. Sometimes they are partly folded to the outside, as in a lapel. Why is facing important in sewing? Facing makes a garment look professionally finished with the seams well hidden inside the folds of the facing. Facing is mostly used to finish the edges in necklines, armholes, hems and openings. They are also used widely in all other sewing like quilts and home decor items like curtain hems. IT IS INTERESTING: How do you make tab top curtains slide easier? What is a front facing in sewing? A facing is a piece of fabric used to finish raw edges of a garment at open areas, such as the neckline, armholes, and front and back plackets or openings. … The seam and the facing should not show from the outside of the finished garment. What is facing in building? facing – a protective covering that protects the outside of a building. cladding. protective cover, protective covering, protection – a covering that is intend to protect from damage or injury; “they had no protection from the fallout”; “wax provided protection for the floors” What are faced openings? This is a slit opening within a piece of fabric that you might see in place of a buttonhole. A faced slit opening is common on drawstring pants, jackets, and tops. This simple technique stabilizes the opening and gives it a clean finish. How wide should facing be? How wide should a facing be? A facing can be very narrow, for example 2.5cm (1in), or up to 10cm (4in) wide or even wider. Most are around 4-5cm (1½- 2in) wide. Facings are usually cut the same width all the way around, but sometimes a back neck facing is cut deeper at the centre back. How do you cut bias facing? Line up the raw edge of the bias strip with the raw edge of the neckline, and begin pinning around the neckline, easing the strip as you go. When you reach the folded edge of the bias strip where you started, overlap it by 1” and then cut off the remaining bias strip. IT IS INTERESTING: Can you make clothes out of cat fur? What can you use instead of facing? synonyms for facing • covering. • front. • revetment. • siding. • surface. What is a back facing? Updated: 11/16/2019 by Computer Hope. Alternatively known as a rear-facing camera, a back-facing camera is on the back of a smartphone, tablet, or other device that points away from the user. What is Hem facing used for? What is a hem facing? A hem facing is a seperate pattern piece that is used to finish the hem of a garment (rather than just turning up the hem as you often do when hemming).
Quick Answer: How many Malaysian died in tsunami 2004? Which country was hit hardest by the 2004 tsunami? The tsunami had the greatest impact on rural coastal communities, many of which were already poor and vulnerable and had few livelihood options. The hardest-hit and most severely affected countries were India, Indonesia, Maldives, Sri Lanka and Thailand. Can tsunami hit Malaysia? In a total of 2 tidal waves classified as a tsunami since 1674 a total of 137 people died in Malaysia. Tsunamis therefore occur only rarely here. The strongest tidal wave registered in Malaysia so far reached a height of 4 meters. How many buildings did the 2004 tsunami destroy? The Tsunami Evaluation Coalition, a multi-agency colloboration to evaulate the response to the disaster, said more than 600,000 people’s work was affected “(in some cases only for a few months)” and 141,000 houses were destroyed. Which country has the most tsunamis? Where do tsunamis most often occur in the world? Tsunamis occur most often in the Pacific Ocean and Indonesia because the Pacific Rim bordering the Ocean has a large number of active submarine earthquake zones. When was the last tsunami in Malaysia? December 2004: On December 26, a 9.0 magnitude earthquake struck off the Indonesian island of Sumatra, triggering a tsunami that killed tens of thousands of people in Indian Ocean coastal communities. Here are some images of the human and environmental devastation left in its wake in Malaysia. THIS IS INTERESTING: How big is Singapore compared to? Does Malaysia get earthquakes? In the area you have selected (Malaysia) earthquake hazard is classified as medium according to the information that is currently available. This means that there is a 10% chance of potentially-damaging earthquake shaking in your project area in the next 50 years. Does Malaysia have natural disasters? Malaysia has experienced several natural disasters such as the landslides, mudslides, and floods due to the heavy rains. Malaysia has set a plan to be fully developed country by year 2020 (Aini et al., 2001). … The disaster types are natural, and man-made disasters.
2-11 Perceiving Others’ Needs You will have noticed how often the Gospels record that Jesus "answered and said...". Yet it's often not clear whether anyone had asked a question, or said anything that needed a response (Mt. 11:25; 22:1; Mk. 10:24, 51; 11:14,22,33; 12:35; 13:2; 14:48; Lk. 5:22; 7:40; 8:50; 13:2; 14:3,5; 17:17; 22:51; Jn. 1:50; 5:19; 6:70; 10:32; 12:23,30; 16:31). If you go through this list, you will see how Jesus 'answered' / responded to peoples' unexpressed fears and questions, their unarticulated concerns, criticisms, feelings and agendas. This little phrase reveals how sensitive Jesus was. He saw people's unspoken, unarticulated needs and responded. He didn't wait to be asked. For Jesus, everybody He met was a question, a personal direct challenge, that He responded to. And of course this is how we should seek to be too. He treated each person differently. Jesus approved Zacchaeus' distribution of only half of his possessions- whilst demanding that the rich young man give away literally all. And He never seems to have demanded that those of His followers who owned houses should sell them. Even though Jesus never sinned, He reveals a remarkable insight into the process of human sin, temptation and subsequent moral need. This was learnt not only from reflection on Old Testament teaching, but surely also by a sensitive seeking to enter into the feelings and processes of the sinner. This is why no sinner, ourselves included, need ever feel that this perfect Man is somehow unable to be touched by the feeling of our infirmities. Consider how He spoke of looking upon a woman to lust after her; and how He used the chilling figure of cutting out the eye or hand that offended (Mt. 5:29)- the very punishments meted out in Palestine at the time for sexual misbehaviour. He had surely observed men with eyes on stalks, looking at women. Although He never sinned, yet He had thought Himself into their likelihood of failure, He knew all about the affairs going on in the village, the gutter talk of the guys at work...yet He knew and reflected upon those peoples' moral need, they were questions to Him that demanded answers, rather than a thanking God that He was not like other men were. Reflect on the characters of the Lord's parables. They cover the whole gamut of first century Palestinian life- labourers and elder sons and officials and mums and dads. They were snapshots of typical human behaviour, and as such they are essays in the way Jesus diagnosed the human condition; how much He had reflected upon people and society, and perceived our tragic need as nobody else has. I once listened to an old Russian telling me how he was a soldier in the 2nd world war. Whilst fighting in the ruins of Germany in 1945, he got to know well a British soldier. He was impressed with the man's morality and kindness. One day, he observed his British friend sitting down on a curb in a burnt out German village. He took a big bar of chocolate out of his pack and started eating it. A young malnourished German boy came up and watched him at close range, mesmerized by the chocolate. The British soldier didn't give him any, and ate it all. Afterwards, my Russian friend explained, he asked him why he hadn't given the boy anything, when he had seen this same man show untold kindness and sensitivity to friend and foe alike for several weeks past. 'Well, he didn't ask me for any' was the answer, said, apparently, with total and evident honesty. And this is how we can all be, even though we may need to see ourselves from outside ourselves to perceive it. Generous, perhaps, when asked, but not actively imagining nor seeking out the needs of others and responding to them, unless we are confronted with them face to face. This was the warning I took from the old man’s story. Not only did Jesus 'answer' to the needs of others, but He Himself was a silent, insistent question that had to be responded to. He came and found the disciples sleeping, and they didn't know what to answer Him (Mk. 14:40). His look, the fact that when facing super exhaustion and sleep deprivation He endured in prayer...this was something that demanded, and demands, an answer- even if we can't give it. He responds / 'answers' to us, and we have to respond / answer to Him. This is how His piercing sensitivity, coupled with the height of His devotion, compels the building of real relationship between ourselves and this invisible Man. Whom having not seen, Peter writes, we love and believe in (1 Pet. 1:8). Peter almost implies that His very invisibility is what makes us love Him, through His revelation to us in Scripture, in the way He seeks us to. We believe in Him because He is presently invisible to us; for faith is belief in what cannot be seen (Heb. 11:1-3). The Sensitivity Of Jesus The sensitivity of the Lord is reflected in how He frequently sensed and foresaw human behaviour and objections / response to His teaching and actions. You can read the Gospels and search for examples. Here’s a classic one: “But John would have hindered [Jesus]… but Jesus answering said…” (Mt. 3:14 RV). Jesus ‘answered’ John’s objection even before John had properly expressed it. His sensitivity is further revealed in how He comments upon the Jews’ question: “Art thou then the Son of God?”. He replies: “Ye say it because I am” (Lk. 22:70 RVmg.). The Lord perceived that men ask a question like that because subconsciously, they perceive the truth of the matter, and in their conscience, they already know the answer to their question. Perhaps for this reason He simply ceased answering their questions as the trial went on (Lk. 23:9). He realized that the questions they asked were actually revealing the answers which were already written in their consciences. For a man of this psychological insight to have lived and died amidst and for such a primitive rabble is indeed amazing. The altogether lovely manner of the Lord is shown in how He dealt with immature understanding and ambition amongst others. James and John wanted to sit on either side of the Lord in His Kingdom glory. Instead of telling them to be more humble, the Lord gently went along with them- so far. He said that this great honour would be given to “them for whom it is prepared” (Mk. 10:40). And whom is this? All those redeemed in Christ have that place “prepared” (Mt. 25:34). The immediate context speaks of the cross (Mk. 10:33,45), and it is this which prepared the places in the Kingdom (Jn. 14:1,2). Thus the Lamb was slain from the foundation of the world, and the Kingdom was prepared from the foundation of the world (Mt. 25:34). Actually, all those redeemed in Christ will sit down with Him in His very throne- not just on the right and left side of Him (Rev. 3:21). Indeed, the Lord’s subsequent parable about the places prepared in the Kingdom, and people being on the right and left hand of Him at judgment, with the rejected on the left hand, was perhaps His gentle corrective to James and John. But my point is that He was so gentle about the way He corrected their error. Actually twice before in Mark 10, the Lord had shown this spirit. The arrogant young man told Him that he’d kept all the commandments from his youth [and, get it, he was only a young guy anyway…]. And yet “Jesus beholding him, loved him” (Mk. 10:20). And then moments later in the record, Peter starts on about “Lo, we have left all, and have followed thee”- and the Lord so gently doesn’t disagree, even though Peter’s fishing business and family were still there for him to return to it seems, but promises reward for all who truly do leave all (Mk. 10:28-30). So just three times in one chapter, we see the gentle patience of the Lord with arrogant, small minded people, who thought they understood so much and were so righteous. They were nothing compared to Him. But the way He deals with them is indeed “altogether lovely”. I think the extraordinary sensitivity of the Lord Jesus is reflected in the many examples of Him displaying extraordinary perception and precognition of what had happened or was going to happen. He had felt that Nathanael was sitting under a fig tree before they even met (Jn. 1:48); He knew the Syro-Phoenician woman’s daughter had been cured (Mk. 7:29); He knew the thoughts of men, etc. Now all this may have been due to the Father directly beaming that knowledge into Him through a Holy Spirit gift of knowledge. Maybe. And this was the explanation I assumed for many years. But I have noticed in myself and others that at times, we too have flashes of inexplicable precognition; we somehow know something’s happened. I remember sitting next to a sister, and she suddenly came over looking distressed. She simply said: “John Barker’s mother has just died”. And so indeed it was. I think we’ve all had such things happen. And we share the same nature which the Lord had. So my restless mind wonders, and no more than that, whether His extraordinary precognition was not simply a result of a bolt of Holy Spirit knowledge, but rather an outflow of His extraordinary sensitivity to other people and their situations. This Lord is our Lord, the same today as He was back then yesterday. In any case, living as such a sensitive person in such a cruel and insensitive and blunt world would itself have been almost unbearable. And yet He was like that for us, the insensitive, the ignorant, the selfish and the uncaring, in so many moments of our lives. Back Back Next Next
You Will Certainly Never Ever Thought That Knowing Software Program Could Be So Beneficial! Software program is basically a series of directions which tell a particular computer how to do. In contrast to physical equipment, where the system is created and also which really does the function, software application is really the one who understands just how to operate it. There are two groups of software application – Software and hardware. It can be categorised right into 3 fundamental categories as Desktop computer Software application, Programming Software, and also Software Development. The Desktop Software is what you utilize everyday in your desktop while the Programs Software are those which you make use of for producing programs or applications. Allow us explore the details of each category independently and also understand just how Desktop computer Software program and Shows Software vary as well as similarities can be derived from them. Desktop computer Software application is what you make use of to run your desktop or laptop. These examples include running systems, skins, desktop computers, music gamers, workplace collection, video game consoles, and also web browsers. It additionally consists of various other software products such as email, video games, message boards, instant carrier and more. These instances provide the structure and the essentials for how the software product is made use of. Shows Software application on the other hand provides applications as well as items which can be utilized on any kind of kind of computer system. These instances include data source development, websites creation, video games, language, object-oriented language, desktop computer items, workplace suite, as well as multimedia items. The different kinds of Programs Software application include internet server, desktop, console, command line, dispersed application and so on. These examples are a way of thinking of the complete capabilities of a particular Software over a certain platform. A lot of shows instances are written in C/C++ and also Java languages. On the other hand, Hardware is something gotten or made directly to your computer system. These instances include digital electronic camera, computer hardware, smart phones, songs systems, televisions, and so forth. Some typical instances of Equipment are audio cards, hard disk, computer mouse, video card, Ethernet cord and so forth. The various sorts of Equipment include Hardware, computer software, printer, sound card, monitor, and more. Running System on the other hand is what makes your computer system programs run efficiently and effectively on a certain equipment or operating system. An instance of an os is Windows, Linux or Unix. Some preferred instances of open-source applications are Apache, PHP, MySQL and so forth. These instances can be downloaded and install free while a few other need to be acquired. The two facets of Software program development are the technical elements and also the business element. The technological facet of Software is the core or the heart of the Software. These consist of shows languages, systems administration, internet servers, data storage space, networking, and so forth. It is also the stage where the designers compose the code required for the software application to run properly. On the other hand, business element of Software program growth handle advertising, sales, and also solution. Software application Engineering has actually been really useful to the sectors. With the help of this scientific research, the sectors can come up with new software program that will be useful to their business. They have improved their procedure and also procedure in production therefore they can generate even more outcome contrasted to in the past. Software program engineers also establish software to sustain the equipment. This consists of computer system software program, hardware, sound software, imaging software, video software, and so on. Up until now, we have actually talked about just the sensible facet of Software application Engineering. There are still several topics on this topic which need to be reviewed further to give much better understanding to everybody. As an example, when will we have enough storage for the computers in the future? Exactly how will be the application of the computer code conveniently visible to the individuals? Let us recognize in the long run, when will we use this software application for our certain task? Software program is just a collection of guidelines which tell a computer system how to carry out a certain function. There are several forms of software program. For instance, there are workplace software program, computer system software program, video game software, running system software, internet software, language software, songs software application, buying software, photo software program, spread sheet software application and more. Unlike equipment, which is a device which carries out all the tasks, software application is an independent entity which only gets installed when and also subsequently makes all the decisions on its own. It can be used to aid with different tasks, for example, with creating, data handling, graphics and also mathematical features. Among one of the most essential elements of a piece of software program is what it’s called” Citation”. Citation is a way to show where the resource of a certain piece of info originated from, and also how it was located. An item of cost-free software program could have citations in the form of documents, web sites or documents which are referenced in the paper, however it is usually required by a particular computer system to include a citation in the record that describes the ideal resource. Free computer software program applications are generally distributed either as freeware, shareware or public permit applications. Freeware is readily available for download absolutely totally free, whereas shareware is readily available at an expense of $2 per duplicate, whereas public certificate programs are offered absolutely free and may likewise call for repayments for upgrades and also brand-new launches. On the other hand, there are specific types of equipment which can not be downloaded over the Internet; instead, the equipment must be bought as well as ultimately installed prior to it can be utilized with the computer systems. Instances of this type of equipment consist of electronic sound workstations (DAWs), digital music sequencers, electronic noise boards, computer system systems based upon the Mac os, and also specific types of game equipment. 11/12/21 The area of software design is frequently associated with the field of equipment engineering. The two self-controls typically work together, as the software established for hardware systems can likewise be made use of for software program growth projects. Software engineering techniques consist of object-oriented layout, code evaluation, verification, optimization, and also validation. Software program engineers normally create programs that operate on hardware makers of varying architecture as well as perform functions relying on what the client desires the software application to do. Leave a comment Your email address will not be published.
Difference Between Angels, Demons, and Ghosts Angels, Demons, and Ghosts are the beings that have been described in every tradition of the world and various historic eras. However, most of us are unable to explain the difference between these beings. Early Christians very well knew the difference between angels, demons, and ghosts. They had a clear distinction between the beings based on their tradition and beliefs. Video: Angels and Cherubim With the attack of modern rationalism and decline in the beliefs of Christianity, people started forgetting about the existence of spiritual beings beyond the material world. With time, we all have accepted that angels, demons, and ghosts are not real and simply metaphors created by our ancestors based on a mix of ideas and theories. What is the difference between Angels, Demons, and Ghosts? What is the difference between Angels, Demons, and Ghosts What is the difference between Angels, Demons, and Ghosts The difference between Angels, Demons, and Ghosts had been known since ages but with the development of the modern pop culture, there has been complete misunderstanding and confusion among the people. While playing fast, various Television and Movie shows, draw upon the inherent human charm with the mystical empire. Quick Read: What are the 4 Types of Love in the Bible? Thereby, losing the basic understanding of the difference between Angels, Demons, and Ghosts. The depiction of angels and demons in the literature and movies, seem too human (and, equally, humans may be depicted as angelic or demonic). However, the ghosts are often represented as demonic with a tendency to harm others. Let’s inspect the customary understanding of each of these divine entities with a revelation guest flung in for good measure. 1. Who are Angels? Angel or ángelos or mal’ākh are all different names of Angel in Greek and Hebrew, meaning the “messenger of god”. Who are Angels The precise meaning of the word angel thus indicates toward the purpose or grade of such beings in a cosmic order rather than toward implications of core or nature, which have been noticeable in popular virtue, mainly in Western religions. Quick Read: Why Doesn’t God Heal Everyone? Angels as per the Christian belief of creation are the 1st beings created by God. Thus, father, son and the holy spirit have been existing from eternity and therefore, God himself is uncreated. The time began after the creation of angels by God and these were the first beings created by God. The beating of angel wings could be used to measure time, says a metaphor by Saint Augustine. This simply means that time and creation of angels by God goes hand in hand. The creation changes with time, but God is unchanging and unending. Are angels the God’s messengers? The word angel in Hebrew and Greek means messenger and has purely spiritual beings that are they have no physical body of their own. Are angels the God’s messengers Angel: the God’s messengers God has created these angels to deliver the messages of humanity, honesty and truthfulness to all the humans on the earth. The good news of God choosing Angel Mary to bear him as his son was first conveyed by the angel Gabriel. Quick Read: Conversion of Biblical Weights and Measurements An angel looked to the shepherds in the hills above Bethlehem to bring the “glad tidings” that Christ was born; an angel looked to the women at Christ’s tomb to proclaim his Resurrection. When God sends the angels to earth, they take a human form and do not possess other beings as shown in various television shows and movies. Although they exist on earth as natural beings their existence is limited to the duration they want to appear in front of us. Once the need for the angel’s existence is over, he/she leaves the human form and the body no longer exists in the world. Do Guardian Angels exist on earth? Various hints and indications in the scriptures point to the fact that the number of angels is much more than that of human beings. They might be infinite in number. Do Guardian Angels exist on earth Do Guardian Angels exist on earth? It is also believed that God has assigned one unique guardian angel to every child, man and woman. This guardian angel has to guard us tangibly and sacredly. Custom embraces that both cities and countries have angels allocated to them in much the same way as supporter saints. Quick Read: Holy Saturday In Christianity, the term angel is often used in replacement of “good angels” i.e. those angels that are faithful to God. Such angels have no chance to commit sins or crimes under any conditions and these are those loyal spiritual bodies that decided to obey God’s will before the human were not even created. So are there any “Bad Angels”? What happens to those who disobey God’s order? Can angels take up their own decisions? 2. Who are Demons? The phrase Demon or daimōn which is originally a Greek word means a “spirit” or “supernatural being”. It is often related to a malicious spirit or an evil body. Who are Demons However, the true spiritual meaning of a demon is a spiritual being that influences the person’s character and habits. A good spirit is also known as agathos daimōn is a good example that explains the benevolent relationship between the humans and the demons. The power to seek and speak the truth, as per the Greek philosopher Socrates, comes from none other than the daimōn, as a spirit that always inspires him in life. Video: The Satan and Demons Who can forget the very popular folklore of Archangel Michael! The archangel leads the complete batch of good angels in driving the bad angels from heaven and casting them to the world of hell. Now comes the question that who are these disobedient angels? These disobedient angels are those who choose not to follow the command of the god and choose their destiny. These disobedient angels developed the habit of being evil just like being good was the habit of good angels. They cannot change their behaviours; they cannot be sorry. Who are The Disobedient Angels? The disobedient angels are the demons or the devils that has all the powers of a spiritual being. Who are The Disobedient Angels Who are The Disobedient Angels? But instead of protecting the humans and showering god’s wisdom and blessing on us, they try to lead us away from the truth. They disobey every order of god and work against him. Quick Read: Can you Wear Short Skirts in Church? Their goal is having as many people as they can, on their side so that everyone in this world disobeys god and thus make us do as many sins as possible. If they succeed in making us sinful and oppose God’s commands, then they will be successful in gathering as many souls as possible for Hell! What are Liars and Tempters? To convince us to commit sin or do evil, the demons or devils can manifest themselves in taking different physical forms. What are Liars and Tempters Liars and Tempters Although, demons do not have the power to make us work against our own will they certainly have the power to confuse us and persuade us to commit desirable sins. The serpent is often considered to be the physical manifestation of the evil as he convinced Adam and Eve, in the Garden, to sin. He told then to eat the tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil if they wanted to become real gods. Quick Read: Easter Hymn Christos Anesti If we are led amiss by demons, we can be sorry, and through the Sacrament of Confession, be rinsed of our sin. Demons are often related with many demonic phenomena’s one of which is the demonic possession. Demonic possession is a phenomenon which occurs when an individual aligns his true will with a demon himself and invites him to accept it completely. It is critical to remember that demon cannot possess anyone against their own will. It is therefore, demons must use their powers of persuasion and deception to convince individuals to allow then work with them. Thus, the best practice to protect ourselves from the demonic activities is to pray on regular intervals and the frequent reception of the sacraments of Holy Communion and Confession, which strengthen our resolve to align our will with God’s. What is the true representation of the demons? One current work of art that correctly depicts the action of demons and the method of demonic possession is The Exorcist, both the 1971 novel by William Peter Blatty and the 1973 film by William Friedkin. What is the true representation of the demons What is the true representation of the demons? Blatty, a true Catholic, precisely depicts the lessons of the Catholic Church by having the young girl, Regan, request the demon in through dabbling in the occult in this case, through the use of an Ouija board. Many other films and television shows, however, depict the sufferers of demonic possession as innocents who are influenced against their will and without their gen. Such exposes refute the spirit of human free will. 3. Who are Ghosts? Ghosts are the disembodied souls that are the most misunderstood and misinterpreted spiritual creatures across pieces of literature and films. Who are Ghosts The term holy spirit means holy ghost. This also means that the simple meaning of the word ghost is spirit, but the souls being completely limited to human beings. Quick Read: How Old Was Jesus When He Died? The only difference between humans and the angels is that humans have both the spiritual nature i.e. a soul and a physical form i.e. a body. However, demons have the power to present themselves as physical bodies. Video: The Divine Council The bodies that angels and demons adapt are not part of nature or God’s creation on earth. So, when we speak of Ghosts they have been termed as disembodied souls in the sense that they have been separated from the body after their death. As per the teachings of the Church, the decision of whether the soul goes to hell or heaven is done, only after the death. Some of those who will go to Heaven, however, will first spend some time in Agony, being rinsed of their sins and being made pure so that they can enter into the attendance of God. Who are The Souls in Purgatory? Customarily, ghosts have been seen as those souls in Purgatory. Souls in Purgatory may do so exactly so because of the reason why they are in Purgatory as they still have “unfinished business,” in the sense of punishment for sins. Who are The Souls in Purgatory The Souls in Purgatory This is the reason that unlike demons and angels, ghosts are tied to specific places. These are the places that have some sort of relation with the sins for which they must still compensate. Quick Read: When Is Good Friday? Saints in Heaven do irregularly appear to us here on earth, but when they do, we see them in their splendour. As Jesus Christ once told us in the parable of the rich man and Lazarus, souls in Hell cannot appear to the living. Are Ghosts Good or Bad? Opposing to many depictions in nonfiction series and film, ghosts are never spiteful creatures. Are Ghosts Good or Bad Are Ghosts Good or Bad? They are souls on their way to Heaven, by way of Agony and Despair. When they have completely compensated for their sins and entered Heaven, they will be saints. As such, they are incapable of deceptive or hurting human beings that are still here on earth. 4. Who are Poltergeists? The Poltergeists are the troublemaking spirits that look similar to ghosts that we see in films and TV shows nowadays. Who are Poltergeists Such trouble making spirits are often referred to as Poltergeists and all these facts have been taken from the theories of Church and not based on some modern pop beliefs and assumptions. Now let’s try to define what is a poltergeist? Poltergeist is a German phrase that means a “noisy ghost” i.e. a ghost that moves around disrupting the lives of human beings. It causes disturbances, noises and sounds to disrupt the lives and cause harm to us, humans, on the earth. Are Demons in Disguise? If all that sounds aware, it should: those are the kinds of actions that we might imagine from demons, rather than ghosts. Are Demons in Disguise Are Demons in Disguise? The best clarification for poltergeist action is that demons are carrying it out (another sure sign: poltergeists are usually devoted to a person, as a demon would be, rather than a place, as a ghost would be). An amazingly good depiction of this realism can be found in the 2016 film The Conjuring 2, an imaginary depiction of the real-life case of the Enfield Poltergeist. While the real Enfield Poltergeist was nearly a trick, the film uses the instances of the case to present a proper understanding of poltergeist action. What originally grants itself as a ghost devoted to a specific houses goes out, in the end, to be a demon that is trying to hurt a family. What are the types of Angels, Demons, and Ghosts? The Angels, Demons, and Ghosts can be categorized into the following sections; 1. The Benevolent Beings 2. The Malevolent Beings 3. The Ambivalent or Natural Beings What are the Benevolent beings? Benevolent beings are usually angels but they can be any kind of spiritual beings like angels, demons, and ghosts. What are the Benevolent beings Benevolent beings These have been conciliated by ransoms or other rituals, assist humans in attaining a proper bond with God, other divine beings, or humans’ life states. Angels, for example, not only act as revealers of divine truths but also are believed to be effective in serving people to reach redemption or superior poise or favours. Their main role is to serve God and follow his command with grace. This is true of angels in both Christianity and Zoroastrianism as well as in Judaism and Islam. As useful delays of the deific will, they now and then interfere in human affairs by gratifying the close and gruelling the unfair or by saving the weak, who require help, and abolishing the bad, who unfairly hound their parallel beings. What are Malevolent Beings? What are Malevolent Beings Malevolent Beings The following spiritual bodies come under the category of malevolent beings; 1. Fallen Angels 2. Demons 3. Ghosts 4. Evil Natural Spirits 5. Goblins 6. The daevas of Zoroastrianism 7. Hybrid creatures 8. Naraka in Jainism or the creatures of hell 9. Oni or the Attendants of the gods of the underworld in Japanese culture. 10. Others All these beings hinder the creation of a proper relationship between the humans and God, the spiritual monarchy, or human life circumstances. It is believed that angels like Lucifer in Judaism, Christianity and Islam have fallen from a position of the proximity of God. The reason may be internal conflicts or hunger for more power and wealth. In their fallen state they try to keep beings from attaining a true connection with God by infuriating them to sin. What are Ambivalent or neutral beings? The western religions do not have much info about the Ambivalent or neutral spiritual beings, as it believes in just 2 parts of the inhabitants of the cosmos. What are Ambivalent or neutral beings Ambivalent or neutral beings 1st are those who are the supporters of the creator and 2nd are those who work opposite to his command. However, if we study Islam, we will understand that Islam has categorized the spiritual beings into; 1. Angels (mal’ākh) 2. Demons (shāyaṭīn) 3. Jinn (singular jinni), or genies The last category has those spiritual beings that could be either malevolent or benevolent. According to myth, the jinn was shaped out of fire 2,000 years before the formation of Adam, the first human. The Jinn can take any possible form and can become invisible to human eyes easily. They can either help or hinder the tasks of human beings depending on their basic nature and capabilities. By crafty, higher use of intellect, or magic, persons might be able to deploy a jinni for their advantage. Various minor nature spirits such as the spirits of water, fire, mountains, and winds and other spirits documented in nonliterate religions. These are generally neutral, but, to keep them that way or to make them valuable to humans, proper overheads and rituals must be done. All the spiritual beings that exist or have ever existed possess some characteristics that we have discussed above in detail. If you understand this behaviour and trademarks then you could easily identify the difference between Angels, Demons, and Ghosts. People Also Ask (FAQs) How many angels are there in total? There are total 7 holy angels as per the Book of Enoch, chapter 20, which are often referred to as the God’s archangels. These are Michael, Raphael, Gabriel, Uriel, Saraqael, Raguel, and Remiel. The Life of Adam and Eve lists the archangels as well: Michael, Gabriel, Uriel, Raphael and Joel. What is Binsfeld’s classification of demons? As per the Binsfeld’s classification of demons, there are 7 demons namely; Lucifer for Pride, Mammon for Greed, Asmodeus for Lust, Leviathan for Envy, Beelzebub for Gluttony, Satan for Wrath and Belphegor for Sloth.
Often asked: How Mother Milk Is Formed? What is breast milk made up of? Breast milk is primarily composed of water, carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Each of these nutrients plays a role in contributing to infant growth and development. What do moms produce before milk? For the first few days after your baby’s birth, your body will make colostrum, a nutrient-rich ” pre – milk.” Colostrum (kuh-LOSS-trum) has many benefits, including nutrients that boost a baby’s immune system and help fight infection. Is breast milk made out of blood? Your milk is made from your blood. If you haven’t been worrying about the quality of your blood lately, there’s no need at all to worry about the quality of your milk!” A mother’s current diet is only one source of the energy and nutrients she needs to make breastmilk. How quickly is breast milk made? Essentially, as long as the proper hormones are in place, mom will start making colostrum about halfway through pregnancy (Lactogenesis I) and her milk will increase in volume (Lactogenesis II) around 30-40 hours after birth. You might be interested: Quick Answer: How To Preserve Raw Cow Milk? Can unmarried girl produce milk? Can humans drink breast milk? On the contrary, registered dietitian Abby Langer believes drinking human milk can be potentially dangerous for adults. “It’s a bodily fluid, and if a person has a communicable disease, then it’s going to come right through the breast milk,” Langer says. “I would highly caution against it. It’s a biohazard.” Can I breastfeed my husband during pregnancy? What foods help produce breast milk? 5 Foods That Might Help Boost Your Breast Milk Supply • Oatmeal or oat milk. • Fennel seeds. • Lean meat and poultry. • Garlic. When do you start to produce milk? Does breastmilk taste good? You might be interested: Question: How Is Milk Produced In Humans? What Colour is breast milk? The color of breast milk is usually yellow, white, clear, cream, tan, or blue-tinged. However, at some point during your breastfeeding experience, you may be surprised to find that your breast milk can be other colors as well. What is breast milk made of blood? Around week 16 of your pregnancy, you begin making colostrum, the earliest form of breast milk. It contains 1 to 5 million white blood cells per milliliter. Even on the low end of the spectrum, that’s 100 times more than what your blood carries! No wonder colostrum is referred to as “liquid gold”! Do breasts need time to refill? As milk is removed from your breasts, your body is signalled to make more milk. The more frequently and thoroughly the breasts are emptied (though breasts are never truly “emptied”), the faster they try to refill. To keep milk volumes healthy, do not wait until the breasts are full in order to express breast milk. Does soft breasts mean low milk supply? How quickly can a baby drain a breast? Leave a Reply
In a discussion about the role of the British in the loss of Singapore to the Japanese in 1942, a group of hobbyist historians have turned up very interesting accounts of British soldiers staying behind to defend Singapore with local guerrillas even after British forces withdrew. “I’m not a historian (though I’m in a related field), and this isn’t a lie exactly, just something everyone leaves out of the textbooks… I work in Singapore, and grew up here. History lessons about WWII emphasise that the British completely failed in defending Malaya and Singapore when the Japanese invaded. The British weren’t adequately prepared, nobody anticipated an invasion over land from the north….they all assumed it’d be a sea attack from the south…and so on. When textbooks and museums talk about the resistance against the Japanese, they focus on native heroes like Lim Bo Seng and other Asian members of Force 136. Maybe there’s mention of how Chinese Communist guerrillas also fought the Japanese, and so on. The idea is that the British dropped the ball. The British screwed up. The British rolled over and surrendered. This may be true at a collective level, but it’s drastically unfair to the individual heroes, the actual British soldiers themselves. This is understandable, since the meta idea is to convey the narrative that national security is important, Singapore needs to rely on itself for its own defence, and so on. Malaysia teaches WWII history in much the same way. But I’ve always found it slightly disappointing that there isn’t more widespread knowledge about what some British soldiers actually did. Even at the very start of the war, the British DID anticipate that they might lose Malaya and Singapore, and they might need special forces to stay behind and keep fighting the Japanese. Admittedly, it wasn’t a popular idea, and there weren’t many soldiers who ended up staying behind when Malaya and Singapore fell. But it was a thing. There were British soldiers who immediately went into the jungle and worked with guerrillas against the Japanese – and naturally most of them died. There were also British members of Force 136 that came in (or back to) Malaya later in the war. But generally people don’t know about this, or at least don’t know any details about it. I recommend “The Jungle is Neutral” by Frederick Spencer Chapman if you’re interested in this – it’s a memoir or firsthand account from a British officer who was based in Singapore at the start of the war – a guerrilla warfare specialist who was one of the people insisting that the British needed to organise stay-behind parties and network with local fighters in the event of a successful Japanese invasion. He spent most of the war fighting with resistance groups in Malaya, and was the only guy from his initial team to survive. The wikipedia article on Chapman is a good summary, but it’s a great book if you like that sort of history. I mean, think about it. This man tells his superiors, look, we’re going to lose. We need a plan to stay behind and keep fighting. He’s ignored. He and his team plan to stay behind anyway. And they do. They spend years in the jungle, training resistance groups, fighting alongside them – and almost all of them never make it out. Either they die fighting, or they die to disease. They run out of supplies, they’re forced to improvise arms and explosives… there’s an early account in the book about how they resorted to runny nitroglycerin in bamboo tubes. They’re out of contact with British forces. When Chapman finally makes contact with the British, it’s not to be extracted, but to get orders and keep fighting. I’m not sure how factually accurate the book is, since there’s just so little information out there about British resistance fighters in Malaya during WWII. I assume it’s mostly true, since the author was a decorated officer, and I’ve never found anything to contradict his account – at most I’ve seen people saying Chapman was a conflicted and troubled man (he did commit suicide in 1971), but there’s an equal amount of stuff justifying what he did. There is a war history community that knows about British guerrillas in Malaya – and it’s been referenced a little in fiction, I’ve read a YA novel series and a British comic drawing from this. But what really bothers me is that it’s all broadly speaking by British or white authors. You don’t see Asians writing or talking about this, for the most part – I’m Asian, if that matters.” First posted on Reddit. Check Also Aunty Say She Bankrupted But Still Constantly Harassed by Debt Collectors
Act 3 Scene 1 of William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet Essay 864 Words4 Pages Act 3 Scene 1 of William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet In the romantic tragedy `Romeo and Juliet` William Shakespeare uses dramatic techniques and devices to convey emotional inclines and declines, emphasise breaks and linking tensions as well as to underline the outlying plot diversification. Preceding Act 3 Scene 1 we see Romeo fall madly in love with Juliet and marry her, both showing his instinctive nature, and setting the scene for this dramatic twists soon to follow. In this way Shakespeare creates a semantic field of happiness, which he shows by the use of "positive" phrases, which are colourful and effervescent. This causes the audience to feel an even greater shock at the sudden…show more content… As well as serving to lay bare Romeo's confused perceptions of the ever-changing world around him, it demonstrates his dire wish to inform the world of his undying love for Juliet. The use of these contrasting styles of language expands the feeling of Romeo and Tybalt's overflowing emotional anonymity to one and other. In Romeo's words "Fire eyed fury be my conduct now!" we see a startling before unseen abruptness that in itself reflects upon the watching audience a great and electrifying change in the hero's attitude to Tybalt. He finds his doubts well founded, which could be shown by his yelling this, or whispering whilst crying. His anger is so articulated for the audience, telling them he could be about to do anything, an act of retribution and revenge upon Tybalt, or even upon his self. When Benvolio recounts the actions of the day he uses cold direct words ("â€¦piercing steel deadly point to point...") it is completely antithetical to his previously non-violent idealistic out look ("â€¦I pray thee good Mercutioâ€¦") which would have been subtle and serenely spoken. This illuminates the truth that it was an intense high-strung battle this forces a tensional inclineÂ¸ leaving the rapt audience wondering what will happen. This is evidence for his pro-governmental attitude of abhorrence for the anarchic brawls which are the progeny of the linking rivalry between the competing Get Access
Why does troy use baseball as a metaphor? Troy’s death and baseball metaphors are inextricably linked. … He sees baseball as the best time of his life, but also the death of his dreams and hopes. When Cory was born, Troy promised he would not allow his son to experience the same disappointment he was subjected to in baseball. People ask also, why does Troy use baseball terminology? Troy often thinks about life and death in terms of baseball. … Here he uses the idea of baseball to almost taunt Death, daring it to come for him. Troy also tries to explain his affair with another woman in baseball terms. He tells his wife that when he found her and had Cory he felt like he was “safe” (2.1. Also know, what is the importance of baseball in the play Fences? Examining the meaning of baseball in Fences enables us to get a better understanding of Troy‘s life, but also of any other African American in that time and even of America then and today. Elias describes this by claiming that baseball is a “revealing metaphor for American society and values” (Elias 8). Also, what is Troy‘s metaphor? During Act Two of Fences, Troy confesses to Rose about his infidelity. He explains not only that he has a mistress, but that she is pregnant with his child. He uses a baseball metaphor to explain why he had an affair: TROY: I fooled them, Rose. Likewise, why is Troy so bitter when it comes to baseball? Why is Troy so bitter when it comes to Baseball? … -According to Troy, he was an amazing baseball player but he came along too early when blacks weren’t allowed to play, he says if he was white he would be in the major leagues.Notice, however, that to Troy, becoming a man was defined by violence. Specifically, it was defined by violence between father and son. This idea has tragic effects later on in the play. Troy [speaking to Cory]: “You a man. Now let’s see you act like one. How is Troy’s death symbolic? Troy casts the Devil as the main character of his exaggerated stories that entertain, bewilder and frustrate his family and friends. Eventually, Troy’s association of the Devil as a harbinger of death comes to represent his struggle to survive the trials of his life. Why did Troy stop playing baseball in fences? Rose tries to get Troy to admit that he was too old to play for the Major Leagues and that times have changed since the years Troy was prohibited from the Major Leagues because of the color of his skin. Troy will not agree with Rose. What does Troy fear in fences? As the traditional father, Troy demands complete obedience, demanding that Cory sacrifice and quit football. … The demand of complete obedience and his authoritative stance reflects a sense of uncertainty in his own life, a fear of his own being in the world. How does the fence Troy builds operate symbolically in the play? Troy realizes that he’ll eventually lose his battle with Death. But here we see that the fence has come to symbolize to Troy the fact that he’s not going down without a fight. Troy declares that he’ll resist death up until his last breath. In a lot of ways, Troy’s struggle with Death humanizes him. How does Troy use baseball as a metaphor to describe his life 69 70? Troy’s use of the baseball metaphor is meant to justify his actions. He thought he had succeeded in life when he met Rose & had Cory, but he forgot that he already had “two strikes against him,” thus he was always destined to “strike out,” AKA fail. What does Troy mean when he says don’t strike out? 1543 Words7 Pages. AMO CONCEPT QUESTIONS. DF. 1. “Some people build fences to keep people out… and other people built fences to keep people in.” Bono said this to Troy on page 61. Why does Troy talk about death? In this play, Death represents the obstacles keeping Troy from happiness. Death had a role in Troy’s past when he was going through hard times. Troy threatened Death when his relationship with Rose was struggling. How does Troy feel about sports? What is Troy’s connection to sports? He is outstanding baseball player. Why is Troy bitter about baseball and sports in general? Because he couldn’t be part of them because of the color of his skin. What do you think of Troy telling Cory? what do you think about troy telling Cory ” who the hell say I gotta like you? … he uses biblical language and he was chasing away the hell hounds which would prevent gates of heaven opening. he thinks the the people he knows won’t go to heaven. describe troys relationship he had with his father. What lesson does Troy teach Cory? Troy is trying to teach Cory the responsibility of enjoying life when you’ve worked hard to earn it. Back to top button
NASA sends 2 Britons on ‘old-school’ Antarctica adventure to prepare for Mars mission NASA has sent two British adventurers on an Antarctica mission to test whether humans could survive Mars-like challenges as travel to the Red Planet looks set to begin in the near future. Comment section Share on LinkedIn Share on Pinterest Copy link Link copied Antarctica: Scientists find area where no life exists The mission, dubbed "Chasing The Light", is an attempt to cross 2,500 miles of Antarctica in 80 days through what is known as the Pole of Inaccessibility, its most isolated spot. It is being led by former soldier Justin Packshaw, who is accompanied by Jamie Facer Childs, a doctor and former Army medic. The pair have been fighting temperatures of -35C and winds that are over 100mph for the last three weeks, travelling by foot and on skis, pulled by kites and each hauling a 200kg sledge. They have been working with NASA and Stanford University to collect data on how well humans are able to cope, physically and mentally, when pushed to the limit. The idea is that the inhospitality and treacherous conditions of Antarctica are not too different from conditions that the next generation of explorers might one day face on the Moon or Mars. Mr Packshaw told The Times via satellite phone: “It is a proper old-school adventure, long in duration and unsupported.” Mr Packshaw and Mr Childs are undergoing tests twice a week impact the stress of the adventure has on their cognitive function. Samples of blood, saliva, urine and faeces are being stored away to keep a check on their immune systems. And their vital signs, stress levels and sleep are being tracked by smart watches. Justin Packshaw and Jamie Facer Childs British Arctic explorers Justin Packshaw and Jamie Facer Childs (Image: Justin Packshaw's Instagram) Justin Packshaw and Jamie Facer Childs The explorers are travelling on ski's and dragging sledges (Image: Justin Packshaw's Instagram) NASA are also conducting a study into “psychophysics”, which is the relation between physical stimuli and the sensations and perceptions it produces, and so the explorers are also having their eyesight tested. According to Dr Katherine Rahill, Senior Scientist at the NASA Human Research Programme, strangely unfamiliar landscapes can catch us off-guard. She pointed to the example of the Apollo 14 astronauts Alan Shepard and Edgar Mitchell who on their Moon mission back in 1971, initially thought a large crater to be 200-300 yards away from them. They tried to collect samples from the crater rim but realised it was over a mile away. They gave up that task and turned back to conserve resources. READ MORE: Musk humiliated after choosing Germany over UK Mars (Image: Getty ) But later, they found out they were only 50ft from the crater when they abandoned the mission. Dr Rahill said: “Shepard and Mitchell were unaware of how close they were to the edge of the crater, and it was likely due to their difficulty in perceiving changes in topographical depth of the lunar surface.” It is thought the same kind of tricks that were seen on the Moon can be experienced in Antarctica. Dogs should be fed ONCE a day [INSIGHT] Russia could deliver hammer blow to UK economy [REVEAL] Brian Cox debunks Big Bang theory: Universe 'existed before' [REVEAL] Arctic explorers NASA are also conducting a study into “psychophysics” (Image: Justin Packshaw's Instagram) Antarctica explorers “It is a proper old-school adventure, long in duration and unsupported.” (Image: Justin Packshaw's Instagram) The polar adventure will also collect data on the polar environment for the European Space Agency (ESA), including wind speed and ultraviolet radiation levels. Dr Malcolm Davidson, from the ESA, said: “For much of Justin’s journey, measurements such as temperature and surface snow conditions simply do not exist.”
Program name: Bootminder Program URL: www.freebyte.com/bootminder/ Program description: A boot virus is a virus that is transmitted during computer startup. The most common way of getting infected is to leave your floppy in your computer during shutdown. If that floppy is infected with a boot-virus, your computer's harddisk will very probably be infected the next time you start your computer. Bootminder will warn you if a floppy is in your A: drive when you are closing down Windows. If you then take out the disk from that drive, the next time you start your computer, it will not boot from that floppy. Conclusion: a reduced chance of a boot-virus infection! Supported platforms: Windows 95, 98, ME, NT 4.0., 2000, XP License: freeware Previous \| Next ] [ Up a level \| First \| Last ] (Article 20 of 26)
Learning & Development Intellectual Futures builds the capabilities of enterprises, government bodies and organizations through our pedagogy called PEbAAL. PEbAAL which stands for “Performance-based Experiential, Adaptive and Agile Learning” is an instructional design process that is targeted to fix a performance problem or gap when workers lack the essential skills and knowledge for a specific job responsibility, competency or task. The PEbAAL process combines experience in two key areas, performance improvement and instructional design. The ultimate aim of our program is to boost the overall performance of the organization. Under the PEbAAL approach, participants will initially undergo a pre-test to evaluate their existing knowledge and skills. During the course (both face to face or elearning or hybrid), each learner will be evaluated individually and post course follow up can be developed to suit the needs of learners with different capacities and levels of readiness to move to the next level. The use of PEbAAL includes tools and practices for: • Identifying learning and development goals • Understanding the learners and their work setting • Resources and requirements to boost performance • Job responsibilities and major job tasks set against the organization’s KPI • Identification of essential skills and knowledge needed for higher performance • Learning assessment methods • Learning activities, materials, approaches and instructional strategy at the workplace • Materials development • Preparation for implementation • Implementation • Assessment PEbAAL uses a step-by-step process with practical tools. As the development team follows the process, it is often appropriate to go back to an earlier step and refine the outputs to make the education or training program focused, efficient and effective. Ultimately, this would result in higher performance at the workplace. The PEbAAL process is flexible and seeks to promote agility and adaptiveness. Depending on the situation, it may be possible to use only portions of the process, or enter the process at steps other than the first step. Experience shows that the first few steps usually occur in tandem. 1. Specify the learning goal related to the gap in skills and knowledge at the workplace. 2. Learn about the learners and their work settings. 3. Identify existing resources and requirements for training and learning that suits that worker or groups of workers. 4. Determine job responsibilities (or competencies) and major job tasks related to the gap in skills and knowledge of the workers. 5. Specify essential skills and knowledge needed to boost performance. 6. Document the learning objectives. 7. Decide how to evaluate the achievement of the learning objectives. 8. Select the learning activities, materials and approaches and create the instructional strategy for implementation at the workplace that are adaptive and agile in nature to suit the profile of the targeted learners. 9. Develop, pretest and revise lessons, learning activities and materials, and learning assessment instruments. 10. Prepare for implementation. 11. Implement and monitor learning and logistics. 12. Assess effectiveness of the learning intervention and revise.
There’s no shelter in Jackson County. How does that play out with poverty, homelessness? Katelyn Waltemyer Jackson Newspapers Felisha and David Scott used to be homeless. Now they own a house in Ravenswood and help people experiencing homelessness get jobs and a place to live. Felisha and David Scott once broke into a building at the Riverfront Park in Ravenswood and wrapped themselves up in bubble wrap. With the bubble wrap on, the couple huddled together to keep warm on a chilly winter night. They always dreaded winter during the three years they lived as a homeless couple. From 2014 to 2017 they would hide under bridges by the Ohio River and set up camp in the woods. Hooked on drugs, neither of them had a job during that dark period in their lives. They sold drugs to make ends meet. One day they woke up and decided to put the needles down. They walked from Jackson County to Gauley Bridge. That's where Felisha Scott's dad lived. It took them two days to get there. For food, they snatched vegetables out of gardens. People laughed in their faces when they said they were going to get clean. Now, they own a house, multiple vehicles, work full-time and help run Broken Chains, a ministry that helps homeless people in addiction. Dig deeper:Why we did 'Segregated by Section 8': Suffering Americans failed repeatedly by government More:Section 8 housing program keeps people hopeless, homeless and segregated in the South Jackson County’s poverty rate is 16.7%, more than two times higher than the projected 7.7% national average, according to the 2020 Census. With the county’s population sitting at 28,576, people in poverty make up nearly 4,800 of its residents. The two public housing complexes in the county could accommodate up to 484 people in its 145 units. There are no homeless shelters in the county. The heart of Jackson County is a 40-minute drive to Charleston, a 45-minute drive to Parkersburg and a 40-minute drive to Point Pleasant. That’s where the closest shelters are located. The urge to help, overwhelmed by the numbers The Scotts were once part of the drug problem in Jackson County, and now they have dedicated their lives to helping people who are looking to start over. They have housed 10 people since coming clean in 2017. A person to whom David once sold drugs has been sober for months, has a job and is saving up money to rent his own place. It's coming full circle for the Scotts. They said not everyone who has stayed with them made it out of addiction and some went back to the streets. They aren’t the only people in Jackson County who see a problem. Data analysis:Section 8 housing program reinforces Jim Crow pattern across the South The Jackson County Ministerial Association has a space in the Harrison Building in downtown Ripley, but that’s typically for one-night stays. When people crash there, a pastor will often transport the person or family to a homeless shelter the next day. The association has been around since the 1960s. It formed from two outreach programs. One was a clerical program with the county hospital. The other involved helping homeless people and transients. Chris Skeens, the association’s president, said the transient ministry has adapted since the 1960s. The organization used to pay for a hotel room for people in need. Skeens said that stopped decades ago. Closest shelters are at least a day’s walk away Rich Whipkey, housing manager for the Salvation Army’s homeless shelter in Parkersburg, said he usually gets 10 to 20 homeless people from Jackson County in his shelter annually. Felisha and David stayed at Whipkey's shelter in 2017. That's where they got sober, and within 90 days, they were moving into their first apartment in Ravenswood. One time, when the hills were covered in a sea of autumnal color, a person walked into the shelter. They were from Jackson County. They didn’t have transportation, so they hiked all the way there. What happens on Section 8: A graphic explainer Whipkey said the person didn’t have any camping gear. They walked in with the clothes on their back and nothing else. He has no idea how long it took that person to reach the shelter. “I couldn’t fathom someone walking that far,” Whipkey said. His shelter once held 42 people each night, but things have changed since the pandemic began. With COVID-19 regulations, Whipkey can only house 16 people per night. He constantly has to look people in the eyes and tell them they can’t stay there. “It’s not a nice feeling,” Whipkey said. “You always want to help everyone that you can.” The odds against many: Nearly 1 in 5 Jackson County residents live in poverty The Housing Choice Voucher is for people 18 or older who rent or want to rent from a private landlord and meet income criteria to receive rental assistance. The assistance targets low-income people in need of housing. People who qualify for public housing are put on the waiting list. Jackson County Housing Authority Director Kristin Fisher said the organization doesn’t release waitlist times for its public housing units. As of Sept. 30, nearly 240 people were on the waitlist for a one-bedroom apartment, 124 were waiting for a two-bedroom, 24 were waiting for a three-bedroom and 20 were waiting for a four-bedroom unit. Faults in the system:Flaws in the Section 8 program leave the poor trapped in ‘monstrous, depressing places’ For someone who works a minimum-wage job making $8.75 per hour, they’d have to work 55 hours per week to afford a modest one-bedroom rental house at fair market value, according to a report by the National Low Income Housing Coalition. Nearly a quarter of Jackson County’s population rents. The fair market rent for a one-bedroom is $593; $676 for a two-bedroom; $947 for a three-bedroom; and $1,046 for a four-bedroom. There are two public housing complexes in Jackson County, both in Ripley. Tanglewood Villa has 74 one-bedroom units and Rolling Meadow Village has 10 one-bedrooms, 29 two-bedrooms, 28 three-bedrooms and all the county’s four-bedrooms. Poverty has a direct link to homelessness According to the American Psychological Association, extreme poverty is the “strongest predictor of homelessness in families.” Families who spend more than 50% of its monthly income on rent or experience a foreclosure are highly at-risk of homelessness. More than 270,000 West Virginians lived below the poverty line in 2019, making it the sixth highest poverty-stricken state in America, according to West Virginia Policy. Every year the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development conducts a point-in-time count. This is where people from across the country search their communities for people experiencing homelessness. Renee DeLong, Jackson County representative for the Family Resource Network, has participated in the count for years. It’s held for a 24-hour period in January. People who are homeless but couch surfing with a friend or family member aren’t considered homeless for the count. To be considered in the count, the individual must provide some information like name and date of birth. Most people decline to provide that information. “The count, to me, sets everybody up to fail,” DeLong said. “If you don't actually find them and gather some information, it’s like they don't exist.” The count never provides an accurate picture of the homeless population, DeLong said. Many homeless people DeLong has encountered have expressed that they don’t want to ask for help because they’re scared of facing judgment. Skeens, who is one of the first people called every time someone needs to use the Harrison Building for a night, said a homeless shelter would be a helpful resource for Jackson County. The ministerial association can only do so much. Felisha and David are constantly trying to raise awareness about the homeless population in Jackson County, but they feel like their voices aren’t heard. They’re frustrated. Dick Waybright, the Jackson County Commission president, said he’s never heard of a request to establish a homeless shelter in Jackson County. He’s been a member of the county’s governing board for 10 years. The commission considers projects that aren’t requested by the public if there is worry or issues at hand, but that hasn’t been the case with the homeless situation. But people like the Scotts, Skeens and DeLong will continue to serve the homeless population of Jackson County with the hopes of someday taking a deep breath and knowing there’s a place for them to sleep at night. — Katelyn Waltemyer (she/her) is the General Assignment and Enterprise Reporter for Jackson Newspapers in Jackson County, West Virginia. Have a news tip on local government or education? Or a good feature? You can reach Katelyn at Follow her on Twitter @Kate_Waltemyer.
Where Did The Mi Kmaq Tribe Live? (TOP 5 Tips) Mi’kmaq, also spelled Micmac, the largest of the Native American (First Nations) peoples traditionally occupying what are now Canada’s eastern Maritime Provinces (Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island) and parts of the present U.S. states of Maine and Massachusetts. Where did the Mi KMAQ originally live? Traditional Territory Mi’kmaq are among the original inhabitants of the Atlantic region in Canada, and inhabited the coastal areas of Gaspé and the Maritime Provinces east of the Saint John River. Where did the Mi KMAQ live in Nova Scotia? When the Mi’kmaq first encountered Europeans in the 16th and 17th centuries, their territory stretched from the southern portions of the Gaspé Peninsula eastward to most of modern-day New Brunswick, and all of Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island. What did the Mi KMAQ call their home? Our word ” wigwam” comes from the Mi’kmaq “wikuom”, a dwelling. Wigwams were usually put up by the women and could be built in a day. The basic structure of the wigwam was five spruce poles, lashed together at the top with split spruce root and spread out at the bottom. How old is the Micmac tribe? The Micmac may have been hunting, fishing, and gathering in their northern region since the time of the last ice age, some ten to twenty thousand years ago. The wandering Micmac were so well adapted to their environment that their culture changed very little before whites arrived in the 1500s. Where did the Mi KMAQ live in the summer and winter? The Mi’kmaq were hunter-gatherers, and were semi-nomadic in that they routinely moved between summer fishing villages near the coast to winter camps inland. You might be interested: What Tribe Did Pocahontas Live In? (Solution) What type of house did the Mi KMAQ live in? They lived in small villages of wigwams or lodges, which are houses made of wood and birchbark. A Micmac wigwam was only about the size of a modern camp tent, and Micmac people spent most of their time outside. Here are some pictures of wigwams like the ones Mi’kmaq Indians used. Where were the residential schools in Nova Scotia? The Shubenacadie Indian Residential School operated as part of Canadian Indian residential school system in Shubenacadie, Nova Scotia between 1930 and 1967. It was the only one in the Maritimes and children from across the region were placed in the institution. How many MI KMAQ live in Nova Scotia? What first nations lived in Nova Scotia? Aboriginal People in NS • Acadia First Nation. • Annapolis Valley First Nation. • Bear River First Nation. • Eskasoni First Nation. • Glooscap First Nation. • Membertou First Nation. • Millbrook First Nation. • Paq’tnkek First Nation. Where do the Anishinabe live? When did Mi KMAQ come to Canada? The Micmacs of eastern Canada and the northeastern corner of the United States (who prefer the phonetic spelling Mi’kmaq) first appeared in their homeland approximately ten thousand years ago. You might be interested: Who Developed A Written Alphabet For The Cherokee Indians? (Question) Does the Micmac tribe still exist today? The Micmac tribe would assimilate into the population of British Canada while maintaining their culture. The tribe still exists today and has taken part in many foreign wars such as World War 2 as citizens of North America. What does the name Micmac mean? Definition of Micmac 1: a member of an American Indian people of eastern Canada. 2: the Algonquian language of the Micmac people. What weapons did the Mi KMAQ use? The Mi’kmaq used a variety of weapons and tools to kill and process the game and fish upon which they depended. Spears and bows and arrows were used to take larger animals, while snares were employed to capture rabbits and partridge, and deadfalls were used for predators such as foxes and bears. Harold Plumb leave a comment Create Account Log In Your Account
校内留学 Day 4 (写真・動画) Day 4 of our program started with discussions about leadership. What makes someone a good leader? How can we all be leaders? Then, each group presented a skit about leadership. There were many funny and interesting performances by students. We learned that leaders are responsible, kind, thoughtful, well-prepared, generous and flexible. Good leaders listen to others and make sure to take other opinions into consideration before making a decision. Click the link below to see pictures and videos from today's program.
American Political Culture [Ushistory Org] political culture More information concerning the data and strategies is in SI Appendix, part 1. To discover broader language shifts, a number of massive corpora were analyzed, specializing in the correlations of analytic and clout language with year. The hanging exception was with the transcripts of 6,158 aired CNN packages from 2000 to 2016, which revealed strong shifts congruent with these of US presidents. Are they really anomalies, or do they fit into bigger political tendencies? Rather than being anomalous, linguistic analyses discover that, over the last century, there have been consistent declines in analytic pondering and rises in confidence in the ways in which political leaders communicate with the general public. de Mesquita, Bruce Bueno 1974.Need for Achievement and Competitiveness as Determinants of Political Party Success in Elections and Coalitions. Early research indicated that film could possibly be an influential agent of political socialization. Negative attitudes toward African Americans have been transmitted to audiences through the movie Birth of a Nation. A predominant concentrate on and entanglement with politics since its introduction in 1980 could assist to explain why CNN broadcasts present related tendencies to different political folks and establishments. The algorithm developed from the project of Kacewicz et al. is formally known as clout. As beforehand stated, power is inextricably linked with confidence, and as shown by the examples in SI Appendix, section 1 and Table S2, individuals high in clout communicate with a sense of certainty and authority, whereas people low in confidence sound more tentative and unsure. Hence, we use the clout metric to discuss the extent to which leaders and others communicate/write with a sense of certainty and confidence vs. a sense of hesitation and doubt. These are conventionally identified as ‘nonprofit organizations,’ which are certified to perform a wide range of capabilities in society, and in return for their exempt status are required to offer public accounting of their actions. Additional descriptive info can be present in SI Appendix, part 1 and Table S1. In the study of non-US leaders, annual speeches made by UK prime ministers and opposition leaders, speeches and interviews from 12 Canadian prime ministers, and election speeches of Australian prime ministerial candidates have been collected. For consistency with other datasets, solely speeches given in English were included. For every of these corpora, a minimum word count of a hundred words was set. We capitalize on this functionality to evaluate linguistically long-time period developments of confidence in political management. From many perspectives, the election of Donald Trump was seen as a departure from lengthy-standing political norms. An analysis of Trump’s word use within the presidential debates and speeches indicated that he was exceptionally casual however on the same time, spoke with a way of certainty. Indeed, he is decrease in analytic thinking and higher in confidence than nearly any previous American president. • Young kids devour a mean of thirty-one hours per week, whereas teenagers devour forty-eight hours of media every week. • That is, political culture solutions the query of who gets to do what with and to whom beneath what circumstances. • Political culture additionally answers the query of who decides, who has authority, and who has energy in a bunch, organization, establishment, or other social unit in society. • Some analysis suggests that household and school academics are the most influential factors in socializing children, but latest analysis designs have more accurately estimated the excessive affect of the media in the strategy of political socialization. Where Does A Nation’s Political Culture Come From? Confidence is usually defined as a subjective sense of conviction about one’s beliefs . The appearance of confidence when going through a disaster has been recognized as an integral facet of charismatic management (7⇓–9). Expressions of confidence and power tend to be extremely overlapping such that folks often immediately affiliate one with the other. Recently, researchers developed a language-based measure of the critical mixture of power and confidence through language . If conveying simple messages with confidence is a strong method to persuade voters in a democracy, it is incumbent on researchers to find out efficient methods to measure these dimensions reliably, shortly, and effectively. The field of textual content evaluation has expanded considerably within the last two decades in large part because of the ability to gather and analyze very giant digital datasets. A second major distinguishing function of Trump’s language is his self-confidence. Thomas Jefferson noticed significant differences within the political worldviews of younger and older people within the early days of the republic. Younger authorities leaders have been extra willing to adapt to changing situations and to experiment with new ideas than older officials. Group of people similar in age who share a basic set of socialization experiences that leads to the development of shared political orientations that distinguish them from other age cohorts. Political learning and socialization experiences can differ vastly for people depending on the teams with which they affiliate, such as these based on gender and racial and ethnic background. Closer analyses of linguistic tendencies of presidential language indicate that Trump’s language is according to lengthy-time period linear trends, demonstrating that he’s not as a lot an outlier as he initially appears. The outcomes recommend that certain elements of the language type of Donald Trump and different current leaders reflect long-evolving political developments. Implications of the altering nature of popular elections and the role of media are mentioned. Donald Trump and a small group of rising leaders around the world have been labeled as outliers within the ways in which they assume and communicate with others.
Study Guide The Color of Magic Awe and Amazement By Terry Pratchett Awe and Amazement What good is reading a novel if you aren't awed and amazed at the story being told? Not much good if you ask us. In the same spirit, what good is living in a reality where you aren't awed and amazed in the world around you? Same answer. Twoflower lives his life by those principles in The Color of Magic. He found the stories he read as a boy awe-inspiring, and he takes that same awe with him on his travels around the Discworld. As for Rincewind, well, maybe he'll learn to find the amazement in the world, one day. But we wouldn't count of it. Questions About Awe and Amazement 1. Rincewind and Twoflower are both amazed at the Discworld but in totally different ways. How are they different, and what does this mean for the novel's use of this theme? 2. Does any character utterly lack amazement in anything? If so, who and why do you think this is? If not, why not? 3. Did you find anything in the novel particularly awe-inspiring? Does this suggest anything to you about the fantasy genre as a whole? Chew on This Using fantastical-scientific explanations for its supernatural elements is The Color of Magic's attempt to create a sense of awe in our actual, real, and totally cool science. Awe is in no short supply on Discworld. Even characters like Death and Fate are awed by the events of the story, though they also tend to get upset when these turn of events don't go their way. This is a premium product Tired of ads? Join today and never see them again. Please Wait...
Audit Services What is Threat Modelling? Threat modelling is an approach for analysing the security of an application, which is a process by which potential threats can be identified, enumerated, and prioritized – all from a hypothetical attacker’s point of view. The purpose of threat modeling is to provide defenders with a systematic analysis of the probable attacker’s profile, the most likely attack vectors, and the assets most desired by an attacker. Threat modeling answers the questions “Where are the high-value assets?” “Where am I most vulnerable to attack?” “What are the most relevant threats?” “Is there an attack vector that might go unnoticed?” Conceptually, most people incorporate some form of threat modeling in their daily life and don’t even realize it. Commuters use threat modeling to consider what might go wrong during the morning drive to work and to take preemptive action to avoid possible accidents. Children engage in threat modeling when determining the best path toward an intended goal while avoiding the playground bully. In a more formal sense, threat modeling has been used to prioritize military defensive preparations since antiquity. Approach & Methodology threat modelling will systematically identify and rate the threats that are most likely to affect your system. With threat modelling is able to help you ensure that applications are being developed with security built-in from the very beginning. Our threat modelling report will provide you with greater understanding of the system. It allows you to have better visibility where the entry points to the applications are and associated threats with each entry points.
Yoga and Society Social Context and Philosophy of Yoga in the Vedic Civilization From the beliefs about reality and nature of the human being, we can examine the general structure of a society and its intents. Yoga was integral to the Vedic civilization. How did it fit in and what part did it play in society? Among other topics in this workshop, we will explore the literature and dominant philosophical structure which gave context to yoga. The Historic Origins of Yoga The Place of Yoga in Orthodox Philosophy The Place of Yoga in Vedic Society The Ṣad Dharśana, Dharma Shastra, Laws of Manu, Bhagavad Gita, Upanishads, Yoga-Sūtra
Advantages And Disadvantages Of Fuel Cell 1679 Words7 Pages Introduction No more than a hundred years ago, the number of cars on Earth were in the vicinity of a couple of thousands. Today, there are billions of automobiles worldwide; so many that there are roughly one for every seven people on the planet. Much like many other resources that are high in demand on earth because of the vast increase in population and technological advancements, there is a limited supply of fuel that is available to feed the large demand and in the long run, that is a problem. Many geologists think in the next few decades supplies of gasoline as well as everything else made from petroleum will start to dwindle because of the rate at which the resource is being used. If that happens, our cars will be immobile forever. A…show more content… Fuel cells have a higher efficiency than diesel, petrol or gas engines. This is because electric fuel cells are like batteries powered by hydrogen gas that never run flat as long as the gases that are involved in the reaction are available. Since hydrogen can be produced anywhere where there is water and a source of power, generation of fuel can be distributed and does not have to be grid-dependent. These cells require resources that are in abundance and are naturally available at all times, unlike the petrol engine which requires a limited resource in order to function and as soon as it runs out, the petrol engine will be useless (2000, 2000). 2. Fuel cells can eliminate pollution caused by burning fossil fuels because for hydrogen fuelled fuel cells, the only by-product at point of use is water. (FuelCellToday, 2015). This is because the reaction that occurs in the hydrogen cell is mainly between oxygen and hydrogen, therefore it results in water and heat. A petrol engine on the other hand will release carbon dioxide which results in…show more content… They are expensive. This is because Hydrogen gas requires a lot of work to free if from other elements. It’s already being used to power some hybrid cars, but at the moment it is not a viable source of fuel for everyone because of the cost because of the difficulty of separation of hydrogen from other substances. It is also time-consuming to produce. Until technology advances enough to simplify and ease the process; hydrogen energy will continue to be too expensive for most people. 2. Storage and movement is difficult. Hydrogen is hard to move around and transport as it is gas that must be stored without being contaminated (react with other elements) as it will cost even more to separate the compound or molecules again. Oil on the other hand can be transported through pipelines and coal can be carried in dump trucks and other heavy vehicles (Future, 2009). 3. Another disadvantage would be the hydrogen fuel cell’s dependency on fossil fuels. Although hydrogen energy is renewable and its environmental impacts are minimal, other non-renewable sources like coal, oil and natural gas are needed to separate hydrogen from oxygen. Dependency on fossil fuels may be reduced, however, by using hydrogen, we are actually using them to produce hydrogen fuel (Future, More about Advantages And Disadvantages Of Fuel Cell Open Document
Wsparcie dla rozwoju systemów SAP The Free Trade Agreement Between The United States Canada And Mexico Is Called Quizlet [2] The official name of this round of multilateral negotiations is the „Doha Development Agenda”. However, all other business cycles have been referred to as „towers”. As this terminology is more informative than the „agenda”, the Doha negotiations are referred to in this book as the „Doha Development Round”. Trade negotiations are usually named after the city where negotiations began or took place, which was the case during the Doha Round, launched in Doha, Qatar. Kennedy and Dillon Towers were exceptions to this practice and were named after a key person responsible for the cycle. While supporting the establishment of the EEC, other European countries feared that their economic interests would suffer, as their exports to these six countries would be discriminated against in relation to the sales of EEC members. As a result, the United Kingdom, Austria, Denmark, Norway, Portugal, Sweden and Switzerland launched the European Free Trade Area in 1960, which would eliminate trade tariffs between them and allow each to maintain its own external right. Although NAFTA did not keep everything its supporters had promised, it remained in force. Indeed, in 2004, NAFTA extended NAFTA to five Central American countries (El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica and Nicaragua). In the same year, the Dominican Republic joined the group by signing a free trade agreement with the United States, followed by Colombia in 2006, Peru in 2007 and Panama in 2011. In the opinion of many experts, the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), signed on October 5, 2015, was an extension of NAFTA on a much broader scale. From 1934 to 1962, the RTAA was renewed eleven times; During this period, the U.S. objective for trade agreements remained the same: to strengthen the U.S. trade by increasing its exports through reciprocal tariff reductions. After the Geneva Round, four more rounds took place between 1949 and 1961, which only slightly reduced barriers to trade. This golden age ended on June 28, 1914, when Archducator Franz Ferdinand was shot by an assassin and plunged Europe into World War I. When the war ended in 1918, the world trading system was in ruins. Unfortunately, the United States has turned its back on international cooperation and the victorious European powers have demanded harsh reparations from Germany. Since 1974, trade bargaining power has required the USTR to create private sector advisory committees. At present, about seven hundred people work in twenty-eight advisory committees representing different sectors, agricultural sectors and other skills such as environmental interests. [21]. Each of these committees is required to report to Congress on its views on government-negotiated trade agreements. In addition to specialised committees such as environment and labour, advisory committees are heavily dominated by large multinationals. Although the Kennedy Round focused on reducing tariffs, it contained a code dealing with anti-dumping practices.
A day with the Quadrangle swallows Springtime means nesting season. A small and feathered family has lived in the Quadrangle for decades. Less vindictive than magpies and far more endearing than ibises, welcome swallows are some of the University’s less heralded residents. Over the course of a warm day, I watch a group of a half-dozen swallows swoop above the Quad, regularly returning every few minutes to tend to their nest, before departing on another frenetic sortie around the spires of MacLaurin Hall. The swallows are tiny but extremely agile, with dark wings and orange faces. Despite constant close passes to the ground, the swallows rarely land. Their acrobatic flying helps to catch insects midair while eating their own body weight in food each day, a feat made easier by their all of 10 grams. According to Professor Dieter Hochuli of the School of Life and Environmental Sciences, “they have probably been on the site longer than we have. I’ve been here for 26 years and they’ve always been around.” The Yeoman Bedell beneath the clocktower agrees, telling me that the birds have been here “a very long time.” The birds take up residence in the Quad during the breeding season between August and February each year, before moving north for the winter and returning to the same nesting place ahead of spring. According to Professor Hochuli, “these birds often breed close to human structures, making cup-shaped nests of mud and grass, lined with feathers and even fur. They attach their nests to suitable structures, such as buildings or bridges in urban ecosystems, or to vertical rock walls.” Wikipedia cheerfully relates that “in swallows’ excreta, there are various kinds of bacteria and parasites. The nests tend to breed all kinds of bacteria and parasites causing very severe diseases, for example: histoplasmosis, encephalitis, salmonella, meningitis, toxoplasmosis, etc.” Indeed, the nest I find near the jacaranda in the Quadrangle’s southeast corner is not a sight to behold, though tiny chirps of new hatchlings come from within. Home sweet home. Yet despite their apparently septic abodes, watching the swallows flit around the Quad and weave through its columns is a soothing experience. Given the shutdown of campus, the swallows and I are the Quadrangle’s only occupants for hours. They pay me little heed, seemingly both uninterested and unperturbed by my presence. A light breeze and the swallows’ calls are the only sounds. Like their movements, the call of a welcome swallow is energetic but light, and almost constant. Within a structure noted for its cold sandstone and imposing features, the swallows are a delightful burst of levity as cloisters and turrets become an entertaining obstacle course. It is only once the sun sets that they are finally still, returning to the nest as silence descends for the night on the Quadrangle lawns. The call of a Quadrangle swallow.
Capitalism vs Democracy Published: 2021-07-01 07:58:07 essay essay Category: Money, Competition, Capitalism, Liberalism, Democracy Type of paper: Essay Hey! We can write a custom essay for you. All possible types of assignments. Written by academics The political system and the economic system of the United States have been intertwined since the very founding of our country. Although there are many different views on how well the systems work or how they function, this has been a common thought shared by all different sides. Some have an optimistic view of capitalism, while others feel as though capitalism favors too few people. Two major points of view, the conservative and the “reform” liberal, describe how capitalism works, and the role for the government in managing the marketplace, in two similar, yet very different ways. First, we look at the thoughts of Milton Friedman, of the conservative point of view. According to Friedman, capitalism is a free market system that is driven from the bottom up, starting with individuals who make voluntary choices to purchase goods and services and hold jobs. Having a free marketplace gives every individual the power to create their own economic destiny, from what food they eat, to what car they drive, to what career they choose. Friedman also describes capitalism as “self-correcting”, that if left alone, the market place will inevitably fix any problems it creates. According to Friedman, capitalism follows a cycle, consisting of ups and downs in the economy that will eventually work themselves out over time. It begins with a future expectation of profit, and people with money to invest. As more people begin to invest their money, the demand for labor and materials increases, leading to economic expansion and more people spending money. As demand continues to increase, supply begins to decrease, causing inflation and increasing product prices. At this stage, future expectations of profit are bad. As prices rise, people can’t afford to buy things, so they start to pull their money out of the market and investments. With fewer investments comes less demand, causing people to lose their jobs, prices to drop, and consumers to buy fewer goods. This ultimately leads to a recession, where demand for products is very low and often the unemployment rate is high. Then the cycle starts over again, cost conditions are recreated and people begin to invest money again, and the cycle continues. Another benefit of capitalism is that it allows for healthy economic competition, which not only gives individuals a larger variety of products, but also enables the marketplace to regulate its own prices. This also causes power to be widespread, and keeps people satisfied by being able to purchase what they like. For example, a consumer voluntarily goes to a grocery store. As they walk down the beverage aisle, they see a large selection of drinks to choose from, this is because of competition. Since there are various products to choose from, every consumer can decide to buy what type of beverage they like, making the consumers happy. Friedman also argues that capitalism is rational and efficient. The marketplace constantly finds a way to do more with less, and with every economic decision made, the costs and benefits are weighed first. In a capitalist economy, no one is going to do business unless they gain more than they lose. For example, if a person wants to start a business baking cakes, they would first determine how much money they need to invest to be able to make the cake, and compare it to how much they could sell each cake for. If it costs more to make the cake than they would be able to sell it for, then of course the person isn’t going to do it. The whole point of investing and even purchasing with capitalism is to make a profit, or somehow gain from the exchange. Nobody enters into a business contract knowing they are going to lose money. This is why Friedman claims that one’s standard of living should be based on what they can afford. Even basic necessities of life, such as food and shelter, are not rights of an individual, but a result of the economic decisions they make. Someone who works hard and has a better job can afford a nice house over an apartment, or to eat lobster instead of chicken. With capitalism, everyone has the right to pursue the things they want or need, but they do not have the right to just have them. This ensures that everyone has the freedom of choice in the marketplace, and the liberty to make a successful life for themselves, for Friedman believes conducting the economy in a voluntary manner is better for the social fabric of society. Milton Friedman believes there is a role for the government in economic affairs, but that role is very limited. The government’s purpose is to protect the rights and liberties of its citizens, and to be free politically, we must be free economically. He claims that the only time the government should step in is when “market failure” occurs, or when the market can’t or we don’t want it to do something. The federal government should only involve itself in economic affairs to enforce the rules set by and agreed upon by the people, mediate differences among citizens on the meaning of the rules, and allow a way for the rules to be modified if necessary. For example, printing currency should be a federal government function, to allow a fair and uniform payment method throughout the country. The government should also be in charge of regulating monopolies, where the freedom to make choices is compromised by the fact that there is no competition. Another instance would be in situations where there is a “neighborhood effect”, or when a third party is affected by a decision that they were not a part of, such as pollution. If a farmer were to dump waste into a stream and pollute it, that would violate the rights of other people who use the stream to have clean water. It would also be the function of the government to regulate “public goods”, or something where it is difficult or impossible to determine the particular user or the amount used. For example, a lighthouse is a public good, because it is almost impossible to identify who uses the light to guide them or how often they use it. Friedman ultimately believes that the government should stay out of economic affairs as much as possible, for every time the government acts the freedom of the people shrinks, and all government interventions have more costs then they do benefits. When the government regulates the way a business operates, for example, requiring steel plants to put filters on their smoke stacks, it increases the cost of doing business, which increases prices and decreases sales, production, jobs and wages. Capitalism, according to Friedman, has a way of efficiently working things out on its own, and needs very little government intervention. Many programs we have today, such as social security, Medicare, and welfare to name a few, Friedman would do away with, as they are the responsibility of the individual, not the government. The marketplace is even more proportional to public demand than the political system is, and will constantly cycle through different phases and work itself out without the need of government regulation. Milton Friedman looks at capitalism as a free and voluntary system that should be driven by the consumer not the federal government. Another approach to the way capitalism works is that of the “reform” liberal, which has a few similarities to the conservative point of view, such as the belief that capitalism and democracy are interlocked, that aving capital or money to invest drives the market, that the government must intervene when the market “fails”, and on the general definition of property. The liberals also believe in the business cycle, with only one major difference. According to Kane and the liberals, the business cycle is not continuous and self-correcting, but gets stuck at the tail end of a recession. With so many people out of work, they begin to suffer and make drastic decisions. People don’t have time to just wait for the market to fix itself, it could take years and if they did, too much damage would have already been done. The liberals believe that people have the right to basic needs, such as food and shelter, in which the marketplace will not provide. This is where the government must intervene, to ensure that all people have the resources they need to survive, and to correct the marketplace and pull the economy out of the recession. According to the liberals, the market is a prison, and it is not driven from the bottom up, but rather from the top down. They believe when it comes to purchasing power, there is no comparison. Corporations have a much greater influence and power in the economy than the individual, which leads to a privileged position of business. The decisions we make to purchase things are not voluntary or mutually beneficial, because the corporations and business owners set the prices, and for things like housing, we as consumers don’t have the option to just not buy it. We are forced to pay for the things we need, and the prices are set by the business owners, in which the product may not even be worth. Another problem they see with capitalism is that there is a “permanent shortfall in aggregate demand”, or that there are too many people with too little money to spend. With not enough money, the average individual doesn’t have the ability to make purchase, which leads to under consumption, and ultimately to a decline in the economy. With all of the power being held by the few in major corporations, this constantly widens the gap between the rich and the poor. In theory, capitalism gives all people equality in the marketplace, but in actuality, the liberals argue that this is not the case. Since the rich and elite own the majority of things to own, their interests are honored first, making the interests of the common people unequal to that of the business leaders, and sometimes not served at all. Also, we face resource constraint, so all the people who have money continue to get more money than others. This separation will just continue to grow until the government intervenes, creating more problems and making it harder for the economy as a whole to pull out of hard times. The liberals also argue that the way capitalism is designed, people only invest or produce things to make a profit, furthering their own interests, instead of doing it because people need it. If you can’t pay for your food, you go hungry, no one is going to simply give it to you because you are starving. With this, capitalism is a trap for those who can’t afford to survive, and the liberals believe that it is one’s right to have their basic needs met. Their overall view of capitalism is a negative one, feeling that capitalism alone cannot provide adequately for the majority of the citizens of America. The liberals feel that the government should and needs to have a strong role in the economy in order for capitalism to serve the people. Programs such as Medicare, welfare, and government regulations are necessary to give people equality in our economic system. The government needs to be responsible for regulating monopolies, to ensure that prices can remain fair and citizens have options in the products they buy. Also, minimum wages, working conditions and hours worked should be regulated to give people the opportunity to make a decent living, and not be taken advantage of by corporations and employers. The rights and definition of property need to be established politically to be fair across the board. To the liberals, the more government involvement there is in the economy, the more freedom the individual has to make good money and have a decent standard of living. Political power and economic power are not two separate entities, and leaving more power in the marketplace imprisons democracy. More economic power and more capital translate directly into more political power. Major corporations and companies have much influence over what interests are met in the government, for example, anything that jeopardizes business confidence in society has immediate and harsh consequences politically, but something that violates and individual’s wealth may not be addressed at all. Money talks in America, and this contributes more to a corporations own needs, giving less and less attention to what is best for the average citizens. Liberals like Lindblom, state that the market will not provide on its own, and things like food, clothing, shelter, education, health care, and transportation need to be taken care of by the government, rather than being left up to the marketplace. The government needs to be responsible for more than just market failure, currency, and public goods. It needs to protect the citizens of our country from the detrimental effects of capitalism, provide regulations, a way to keep the market prosperous, and keep us from getting stuck in a recession. Democracy needs to be more powerful than the economic system, and make sure that everyone’s rights, as a corporation or an individual, are protected and that all of their interests are served with equal importance. Both the “reform” liberal and conservative points of view agree on some of the basic components of capitalism, but their opinion of the government’s role and how well capitalism works on its own couldn’t be more different. Today, we favor the liberal view in actuality, with many government programs and regulations in place. However, it remains a controversial issue in politics today, as there is much debate on whether or not we should return to the original form of federalism and eliminate much of the current government intervention. Regardless, one thing all parties can agree on is that the economic and political systems of the United States are and forever will be interlocked with one another. We can write your paper just for 11.99$ i want to copy... People also read
Postdoctoral Research Gut microbes growing in water droplets suspended in an immiscible oil A droplet culture of gut microbes. Single cells are partitioned to single droplets to produce hundred of isolated colonies for examining the function of clonal isolates. A high throughput assay for microbial function The diversity of human microbiome, the collection of microbes that lives on and inside us, is vast; particularly in the gut. Gut microbes help us extract energy from our diet by breaking down dietary fiber that we alone cannot. An understanding of what microbes confer the benefits of fiber breakdown would be helpful to improve human health by targeting the gut microbiome. Determining which microbes consume a given dietary fiber is difficult because of the hundred of different kinds of gut microbes in even a single person. We developed an assay to reveal the fiber degradation by hundreds of different microbes at once by combining droplet culture of gut microbes with high throughput DNA sequencing. We found dozens of fiber degrading gut microbes in healthy individuals, but the abundance of these microbes differed across people. In the future, this technique could be employed with human trials of dietary fiber consumption to examine how differences in individuals fiber-degrading microbes contribute to microbiome-mediated effects of human health such as short chain fatty acid production by gut microbes. This microbial assay is also applicable to other problems in microbiology, such as understanding which microbes degrade human-targeted drugs or are differentially affected by antibiotic treatments. Doctoral Research (above) Cross-sectional view of a scaffold seeded with mouse bone marrow stromal cells. Maximum intensity z-projection of a 100 micron stack acquired by 2-photon microscopy. Bone tissue engineering The goal of bone tissue engineering is to safely regenerate bone in response to injuries or surgical procedures where patient bone is in limited supply. The basic approach employs marrow-derived adult stem cells loaded in a delivery scaffold capable of providing the microenvironmental cues necessary for bone regeneration. For my doctoral work I addressed the following questions: 1. What is the detailed progression of bone repair in a scaffold based system? 2. How do host and donor cells interact with a biomaterial to form new tissue? 3. What is the ideal proto-tissue prior to implantation? 4. What is the ideal scaffold design for bone tissue engineering? In doing so, I: (1) designed and tested scaffolds for delivering cells to an injury site and provide a bridge between undamaged host tissue, and (2) used 2-photon live animal imaging to gain insight into the cellular dynamics of the repair. FIG. 1\| Electron micrograph of scaffolds for bone regeneration. Scaffolds are used deliver cells to a site of injury and to provide a pathway for migration of host and donor cells. This particular scaffold is primarily made of type-I collagen fibers. FIG. 2\| Visualizing cells in a live animal. 2D (left) and 3D (right) 2-photon acquired images showing osteoblast cells (bone makers, GREEN) and the surrounding collagen matrix (BLUE). This image was taken in a mouse skull. 2-photon microscopy allows our team to visualize cells in living tissue. Master’s Thesis Microfluidics for stem cell culture Stem cell fate depends on physical and chemical cues in the cell microenvironment; which can be more accurately controlled within a microfluidic system. In particular, chemical gradients can be stably produced in microfluidic systems. For instance, this would be advantageous for examining how cells respond to different concentrations of a signalling molecule. To help establish this approach, I developed a continuous-flow microculture system for mouse embryonic stem cells. I examined the flow conditions for the growth and self-renewal of primary mouse embryonic stem cells cultured in the device. The optimal culture medium flow rate through the system is key to providing correct mechanical and chemical levels for growth. This work provides a practical description of the fabrication and use of a microculture system for stem cells. In the future, the cell microenvironment may be perturbed with different chemical cues to examine cell response. Villa, M.M. et al., Biomed Microdevices 12, 253, 2010. Top row: Primary mouse fibroblasts cultured in the system during development. Bottom row L to R: Close up of the microsystem, 2 microsystems hooked up to a syringe pump, and syringe pump providing perfusion for microsystems within a cell culture incubator.
Skip to Main Content Chapter 46. Management of a 12-Year-Old Child with a Foreign Body in the Bronchus Which of the following agents is NOT recommended for an inhalational induction for the removal a foreign body from the trachea? A. Desflurane B. Atropine C. Midazolam D. Sevoflurane E. Halothane (A) Inhalational agents, such as isoflurane, enflurane, and desflurane, are more likely to produce airway irritation on induction and are commonly avoided for the inhalational induction of anesthesia to remove a foreign body from the trachea. Which of the following options is the least reasonable adjunct to removal of an airway foreign body? B. Flexible bronchoscope for object removal C. Avoidance of the use of nitrous oxide D. Avoidance of IPPV E. Removal of the foreign body through a rigid bronchoscope (B) The use of flexible bronchoscopy (FB) for foreign body removal is not widely practiced but its use is on the rise. The main downsides are that the foreign body cannot be ensheathed within the FB to protect the airway during its removal, potentially increasing the risk of injury to the airway if the object is sharp. It also increases the risk of complete airway obstruction, if the object is dropped as it is retracted proximally, the riskiest point being at the glottis. Surgical removal of an airway foreign body is recommended under all of the following circumstances EXCEPT A. If the foreign body is sharp, pointed, and embedded in the tracheal or bronchial wall. B. If the foreign body is found in a small inaccessible peripheral bronchus. C. If the foreign body has been present for a prolonged period often for several years. D. If there is significant instability in maintaining control of the airway upon insertion and manipulation with the bronchoscope. E. If the foreign body is lodged at the carina. (E) Open surgical procedures are seldom required to remove foreign bodies from the airway and a foreign body lodged at the carina should generally be readily retrievable through a rigid bronchoscope. Pop-up div Successfully Displayed
Messier 2. NGC 7089 Messier 2 or NGC 7089, as it is catalogued in the New General Catalogue, is a large Globular Cluster in the constellation Aquarius. Despite being one of the largest clusters (175 light years across), its distance from us (37,500 light years) prevents us from getting a more detailed view. It contains more than 150,000 stars, has a magnitude of +6.3 and is 13 Billion years old. This cluster has some of the oldest stars in our Milky Way, which have a very low metallicity (elements heavier than Hydrogen and Helium). This makes it extremely unlikely that they have any Earth-like planet around them. This cluster orbits the Milky Way through the halo region and moves towards us at 5.3 km/sec. Additional Information Name(s): Messier 2, M2, NGC 7089 Type: Globular Cluster RA: 21h 33m 27s Dec: -00º 49’ 24” Constellation: Aquarius Size (arcmin): 16×16 arcmin Magnitude: +6.3 Distance: 37,500 ly Date: 2019-07-28 to 2019-08-01 Location:, SSO near Coonabarabran, NSW Australia Size (arcmin): 31×31 arcmin Telescope: 20” f/6.8 reflector Camera: SBIG STX16803 (4096x4096pix) Guiding: Astrodon MonsterMOAG off-axis guider Total exposure: 9 hours (L: 3 hours; RGB: 6 hours) Processing: CCDStack, Photoshop CC 2019 error: Content is protected !!
Climate Skeptics in Search of Unity The most convincing thing about mainstream climate science is not that the models are so good, but that the alternatives are so bad. Climate skeptics have been at it for 40 years, but have produced few theories or predictions that have withstood the test of time. Even worse, where there were once legitimate measurement issues and model uncertainties to discuss, as those have fallen one by one, the skeptics are doubling down on theories that rely on “alternative” physics. The craziest ideas get the best acronyms and metaphors. The allegedly skeptical audience welcomes these bizarre proposals with enthusiasm. As they turn inward, they turn on each other. The latest example is in the Lungs of Gaia at WUWT: A fundamental concept at the heart of climate science is the contention that the solar energy that the disk of the Earth intercepts from the Sun’s irradiance must be diluted by a factor of 4. This is because the surface area of a globe is 4 times the interception area of the disk silhouette (Wilde and Mulholland, 2020a). This geometric relationship of divide by 4 for the insolation energy creates the absurd paradox that the Sun shines directly onto the surface of the Earth at night. The correct assertion is that the solar energy power intensity is collected over the full surface area of a lit hemisphere (divide by 2) and that it is the thermal radiant exhaust flux that leaves from the full surface area of the globe (divide by 4). Setting aside the weird pedantic language that seems to infect those with Galileo syndrome, these claims are simply a collection of errors. The authors seem to be unable to understand the geometry of solar flux, even though this is taught in first-year physics. Some real college physics (divide by 4). The “divide by 4” arises because the solar flux intercepted by the earth is over an area pir^2 (the disk of the earth as seen from the sun) while the average flux normal to the earth’s surface is over an area 4pir^2 (the area of a sphere). The authors’ notion of “divide by 2” resulting in 1368/2 = 684 w/m^2 average is laughable because it implies that the sun is somehow like a luminous salad bowl that delivers light at 1368 w/m^2 normal to the surface of one side of the earth only. That would make for pretty interesting sunsets. In any case, none of this has much to do with the big climate models, which don’t “dilute” anything, because they have explicit geometry of the earth and day/night cycles with small time steps. So, all of this is already accounted for. To his credit, Roy Spencer – a hero of the climate skeptics movement of the same magnitude as Richard Lindzen – arrives early to squash this foolishness: How can some people not comprehend that the S/4 value of solar flux does NOT represent the instantaneous* TOA illumination of the whole Earth, but instead the time-averaged (1-day or longer) solar energy available to the whole Earth. There is no flat-Earth assumption involved (in fact, dividing by 4 is because the Earth is approximately spherical). It is used in only simplistic treatments of Earth’s average energy budget. Detailed calculations (as well as 4D climate models as well as global weather forecast models) use the full day-night (and seasonal) cycle in solar illumination everywhere on Earth. The point isn’t even worth arguing about. Responding to the clueless authors: Philip Mulholland, you said: “Please confirm that the TOA solar irradiance value in a climate model cell follows the full 24 hour rotational cycle of daytime illumination and night time darkness.” Oh, my, Philip… you cannot be serious. Every one of the 24+ climate models run around the world have a full diurnal cycle at every gridpoint. This is without question. For example, for models even 20+ years ago start reading about the diurnal cycles in the models on page 796 of the following, which was co-authored by representatives from all of the modeling groups: Philip, Ed Bo has hit the nail on the head. Your response to him suggests you do not understand even the basics of climate modeling, and I am a little dismayed that your post appeared on WUWT. Undeterred, the WUWT crowd then proceeds to savage anyone, including their erstwhile hero Spencer, who dares to challenge the new “divide by 2” orthodoxy. Dr roy with his fisher price cold warms hot physics tried to hold the line for the luke-warmers, but soon fecked off when he knew he would be embarrassed by the grown-ups in the room….. This is not the first time a WUWT post has claimed to overturn climate science. There are others, like the 2011 Unified Theory of Climate. It’s basically technobabble, notable primarily for its utter obscurity in the nine years following. It’s not really worth analyzing, though I am a little curious how a theory driven by static atmospheric mass explains dynamics. Also, I notice that the perfect fit to the data for 7 planets in Fig. 5 has 7 parameters – ironic, given that accusations of overparameterization are a perennial favorite of skeptics. Amusingly, one of the authors of the “divide by two” revolution (Wilde) appears in the comments to point out his alternative “Unifying” Theory of Climate. Are these alternate theories in agreement, mutually exclusive, or just not even wrong? It would be nice if skeptics would get together and decide which of their grand ideas is the right one. Does atmospheric pressure run the show, or is it sunspots? And which fundamentals that mathematicians and physicists screwed up have eluded verification for all these years? Is it radiative transfer, or the geometry of spheres and disks? Is energy itself misdefined? Inquiring minds want to know. The bottom line is that Roy Spencer is right. It isn’t worth arguing about these things, any more than its worth arguing with flat earthers or perpetual motion enthusiasts. Engaging will just leave you wondering if proponents are serious, as in seriously deluded, or just yanking your chain while keeping a straight face. Climate Bathtub Chartjunk I just ran across Twist and Shout: Images and Graphs in Skeptical Climate Media, a compendium of cherry picking and other chartjunk abuses. I think it misses a large class of (often willful) errors: ignoring the climate bathtub. Such charts typically plot CO2 emissions or concentration against temperature, with the implication that any lack of correlation indicates a problem with the science. But this engages in a combination of a pattern matching fallacy and fallacy of the single cause. Sometimes these things make it into the literature, but most live on swampy skeptic sites. An example, reportedly from John Christy, who should know better: Notice how we’re supposed to make a visual correlation between emissions and temperature (even though two integrations separate them, and multiple forcings and noise influence temperature). Also notice how the nonzero minimum axis crossing for CO2 exaggerates the effect. That’s in addition to the usual tricks of inserting an artificial trend break at the 1998 El Nino and truncating the rest of history. Silver Lining to the White House Climate Panel? Fancy Stats and Silly Climate Contests Climate skeptics seem to have a thing for contests and bets. For example, there’s Armstrong’s proposed bet, baiting Al Gore. Amusingly (for data nerds anyway), the bet, which pitted a null forecast against the taker’s chosen climate model, could have been beaten easily by either a low-order climate model or a less-naive null forecast. And, of course, it completely fails to understand that climate science is not about fitting a curve to the global temperature record. Another instance of such foolishness recently came to my attention. It doesn’t have a name that I know of, but here’s the basic idea: • The author generates 1000 time series: Each series has length 135: the same length as that of the most commonly studied series of global temperatures (which span 1880–2014). The 1000 series were generated as follows. First, 1000 random series were obtained (for more details, see below). Then, some of those series were randomly selected and had a trend added to them. Each added trend was either 1°C/century or −1°C/century. For comparison, a trend of 1°C/century is greater than the trend that is claimed for global temperatures. • The challenger pays $10 for the privilege of attempting to detect which of the 1000 series are perturbed by a trend, winning $100,000 for correctly identifying 90% or more. The best challenger managed to identify 860 series, so the prize went unclaimed. But only two challenges are described, so I have to wonder how many serious attempts were made. Had I known about the contest in advance, I would not have tried it. I know plenty about fitting dynamic models to data, though abstract statistical methods aren’t really my thing. But I still have to ask myself some questions: • Is there really money to be made, or will the author simply abscond to the pub with my $10? For the sake of argument, let’s assume that the author really has $100k at stake. • Is it even possible to win? The author did not reveal the process used to generate the series in advance. That alone makes this potentially a sucker bet. If you’re in control of the noise and structure of the process, it’s easy to generate series that are impossible to reliably disentangle. (Tellingly, the author later revealed the code to generate the series, but it appears there’s no code to successfully identify 90%!) For me, the statistical properties of the contest make it an obvious non-starter. But does it have any redeeming social value? For example, is it an interesting puzzle that has something to do with actual science? Sadly, no. The hidden assumption of the contest is that climate science is about estimating the trend of the global temperature time series. Yes, people do that. But it’s a tiny fraction of climate science, and it’s a diagnostic of models and data, not a real model in itself. Science in general is not about such things. It’s about getting a good model, not a good fit. In some places the author talks about real physics, but ultimately seems clueless about this – he’s content with unphysical models: Moreover, the Contest model was never asserted to be realistic. Are ARIMA models truly appropriate for climatic time series? I do not have an opinion. There seem to be no persuasive arguments for or against using ARIMA models. Rather, studying such models for climatic series seems to be a worthy area of research. Liljegren’s argument against ARIMA is that ARIMA models have a certain property that the climate system does not have. Specifically, for ARIMA time series, the variance becomes arbitrarily large, over long enough time, whereas for the climate system, the variance does not become arbitrarily large. It is easy to understand why Liljegren’s argument fails. It is a common aphorism in statistics that “all models are wrong”. In other words, when we consider any statistical model, we will find something wrong with the model. Thus, when considering a model, the question is not whether the model is wrong—because the model is certain to be wrong. Rather, the question is whether the model is useful, for a particular application. This is a fundamental issue that is commonly taught to undergraduates in statistics. Yet Liljegren ignores it. As an illustration, consider a straight line (with noise) as a model of global temperatures. Such a line will become arbitrarily high, over long enough time: e.g. higher than the temperature at the center of the sun. Global temperatures, however, will not become arbitrarily high. Hence, the model is wrong. And so—by an argument essentially the same as Liljegren’s—we should not use a straight line as a model of temperatures. In fact, a straight line is commonly used for temperatures, because everyone understands that it is to be used only over a finite time (e.g. a few centuries). Over a finite time, the line cannot become arbitrarily high; so, the argument against using a straight line fails. Similarly, over a finite time, the variance of an ARIMA time series cannot become arbitrarily large; so, Liljegren’s argument fails. Actually, no one in climate science uses straight lines to predict future temperatures, because forcing is rising, and therefore warming will accelerate. But that’s a minor quibble, compared to the real problem here. If your model is: global temperature = f( time ) you’ve just thrown away 99.999% of the information available for studying the climate. (Ironically, the author’s entire point is that annual global temperatures don’t contain a lot of information.) No matter how fancy your ARIMA model is, it knows nothing about conservation laws, robustness in extreme conditions, dimensional consistency, or real physical processes like heat transfer. In other words, it fails every reality check a dynamic modeler would normally apply, except the weakest – fit to data. Even its fit to data is near-meaningless, because it ignores all other series (forcings, ocean heat, precipitation, etc.) and has nothing to say about replication of spatial and seasonal patterns. That’s why this contest has almost nothing to do with actual climate science. This is also why data-driven machine learning approaches have a long way to go before they can handle general problems. It’s comparatively easy to learn to recognize the cats in a database of photos, because the data spans everything there is to know about the problem. That’s not true for systemic problems, where you need a web of data and structural information at multiple scales in order to understand the situation. Climate and Competitiveness Trump gets well-deserved criticism for denying having claimed that the Chinese invented climate change to make US manufacturing non-competitive. The idea is absurd on its face. Climate change was proposed long before (or long after) China figured on the global economic landscape. There was only one lead author from China out of the 34 in the first IPCC Scientific Assessment. The entire climate literature is heavily dominated by the US and Europe. But another big reason to doubt its veracity is that climate policy, like emissions pricing, would make Chinese manufacturing less competitive. In fact, at the time of the first assessment, China was the most carbon-intensive economy in the world, according to the World Bank: Today, China’s carbon intensity remains more than twice that of the US. That makes a carbon tax with a border adjustment an attractive policy for US competitiveness. What conspiracy theory makes it rational for China to promote that? How many things can you get wrong on one chart? Let’s count: 1. stupidGraphTruncate records that start ca. 1850 at an arbitrary starting point. 2. Calculate trends around a breakpoint cherry-picked to most favor your argument. 3. Abuse polynomial fits generally. (See this series.) 4. Report misleading linear trends by simply dropping the quadratic term. 5. Fail to notice the obvious: that temperature in the second period is, on average, higher than in the first. 6. Choose a loaded color scheme that emphasizes #5. 7. Fail to understand that temperature integrates CO2. 8. Fallacy of the single cause (only CO2 affects temperature – in good company with Burt Rutan). Summary for Suckers The NIPCC critique is, ironically, a compelling argument in favor of the IPCC assessment. Why? Well, science is about evaluation of competing hypotheses. The NIPCC report collects a bunch of alternatives to mainstream climate science in one place, where it’s easy to see how pathetic they are. If this is the best climate skeptics can muster, their science must be exceedingly weak. The NIPCC (Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change, a.k.a. Not IPCC) is the Heartland Institute’s rebuttal of the IPCC assessments. Apparently the latest NIPCC report has been mailed to zillions of teachers. As a homeschooling dad, I’m disappointed that I didn’t get mine. Well, not really. It would probably take more pages to debunk the NIPCC report than it occupies, but others are chipping away at it. Some aspects, like temperature cherry-picking, are like shooting fish in a barrel. The SPM, and presumably the entire report that it summarizes, seems to labor under the misapprehension that the IPCC is itself a body that conducts science. In fact, the IPCC assessments are basically a giant literature review. So, when the Heartland panel writes, In contradiction of the scientific method, the IPCC assumes its implicit hypothesis is correct and that its only duty is to collect evidence and make plausible arguments in the hypothesis’s favor. we must remember that “the IPCC” is shorthand for a vast conspiracy of scientists, coordinated by an invisible hand. The report organizes the IPPC argument into 3 categories: “Global Climate Model (GCM) projections,” “postulates,” and “circumstantial evidence.” This is a fairly ridiculous caricature of the actual body of work. Most of what is dismissed as postulates could better be described as, “things we’re too lazy to explore properly,” for example. But my eye strays straight to the report’s misconceptions about modeling. First, the NIPCC seems to have missed the fact that GCMs are not the only models in use. There are EMICS (models of intermediate complexity) and low-order energy balance models as well. The NIPCC has taken George Box’s “all models are wrong, some are useful” and run with it: … Global climate models produce meaningful results only if we assume we already know perfectly how the global climate works, and most climate scientists say we do not (Bray and von Storch, 2010). How are we to read this … all models are useless, unless they’re perfect? Of course, no models are perfect, therefore all models are useless. Now that’s science! NIPCC trots out a von Neumann quote that’s almost as tired as Box: In models with lots of reality checks available (i.e. laws of physics), it just isn’t that easy. And the earth is a very big elephant, which means that there’s a rather vast array of data to be fit. The NIPCC seems to be aware of only a few temperature series, but the AR5 report devotes 200 pages (Chapter 9) to model evaluation, with results against a wide variety of spatial and temporal distributions of physical quantities. Models are obviously far from perfect, but a lot of the results look good, in ways that exceed the wildest dreams of social system modelers. NIPCC doesn’t seem to understand how this whole “fit” thing works. Model calibration is faulty as it assumes all temperature rise since the start of the industrial revolution has resulted from human CO2 emissions. This is blatantly false, not only because it contradicts the actual practice of attribution, but because there is no such parameter as “fraction of temp rise due to anthro CO2.” One can’t assume the answer to the attribution question without passing through a lot of intermediate checks, like conforming to physics and data other than global temperature. In complex models, where the contribution of any individual parameter to the outcome is likely to be unknown to the modeler, and the model is too big to calibrate by brute force, the vast majority of parameters must be established bottom up, from physics or submodels, which makes it extremely difficult for the modeler to impose preconceptions on the complete model. IPCC models stress the importance of positive feedback from increasing water vapor and thereby project warming of ~3-6°C, whereas empirical data indicate an order of magnitude less warming of ~0.3-1.0°C. Data by itself doesn’t “indicate” anything. Data only speaks insofar as it refutes (or fails to refute) a model. So where is the NIPCC model that fits available data and yields very low climate sensitivity? The bottom line is that, if it were really true that models have little predictive power and admit many alternative calibrations (a la the elephant), it should be easy for skeptics to show model runs that fit the data as well as mainstream results, with assumptions that are consistent with low climate sensitivity. They wouldn’t necessarily need a GCM and a supercomputer; modest EBMs or EMICs should suffice. This they have utterly failed to demonstrate. Equation Soup Most climate skepticism I encounter these days has transparently crappy technical content, if it has any at all. It’s become boring to read. But every once in a while a paper comes along that is sufficiently complex and free of immediately obvious errors that it becomes difficult to evaluate. One recent example that came across my desk is, Polynomial cointegration tests of anthropogenic impact on global warming Continue reading “Equation Soup” Climate incentives Richard Lindzen and many others have long maintained that climate science promotes alarm in order to secure funding. For example: Regarding Professor Nordhaus’s fifth point that there is no evidence that money is at issue, we simply note that funding for climate science has expanded by a factor of 15 since the early 1990s, and that most of this funding would disappear with the absence of alarm. Climate alarmism has expanded into a hundred-billion-dollar industry far broader than just research. Economists are usually sensitive to the incentive structure, so it is curious that the overwhelming incentives to promote climate alarm are not a consideration to Professor Nordhaus. There are no remotely comparable incentives to the contrary position provided by the industries that he claims would be harmed by the policies he advocates. I’ve always found this idea completely absurd, but to prep for an upcoming talk I decided to collect some rough numbers. A picture says it all: Notice that it’s completely impractical to make the scale large enough to see any detail in climate science funding or NGOs. I didn’t even bother to include the climate-specific NGOs, like and USCAN, because they are too tiny to show up (under $10m/yr). Yet, if anything, my tally of the climate-related activity is inflated. For example, a big slice of US Global Change Research is remote sensing (56% of the budget is NASA), which is not strictly climate-related. The cleantech sector is highly fragmented and diverse, and driven by many incentives other than climate. Over 2/3 of the NGO revenue stream consists of Ducks Unlimited and the Nature Conservancy, which are not primarily climate advocates. Nordhaus, hardly a tree hugger himself, sensibly responds, As a fifth point, they defend their argument that standard climate science is corrupted by the need to exaggerate warming to obtain research funds. They elaborate this argument by stating, “There are no remotely comparable incentives to the contrary position provided by the industries that he claims would be harmed by the policies he advocates.” This is a ludicrous comparison. To get some facts on the ground, I will compare two specific cases: that of my university and that of Dr. Cohen’s former employer, ExxonMobil. Federal climate-related research grants to Yale University, for which I work, averaged $1.4 million per year over the last decade. This represents 0.5 percent of last year’s total revenues. By contrast, the sales of ExxonMobil, for which Dr. Cohen worked as manager of strategic planning and programs, were $467 billion last year. ExxonMobil produces and sells primarily fossil fuels, which lead to large quantities of CO2 emissions. A substantial charge for emitting CO2 would raise the prices and reduce the sales of its oil, gas, and coal products. ExxonMobil has, according to several reports, pursued its economic self-interest by working to undermine mainstream climate science. A report of the Union of Concerned Scientists stated that ExxonMobil “has funneled about $16 million between 1998 and 2005 to a network of ideological and advocacy organizations that manufacture uncertainty” on global warming. So ExxonMobil has spent more covertly undermining climate-change science than all of Yale University’s federal climate-related grants in this area. Money isn’t the whole story. Science is self-correcting, at least if you believe in empiricism and some kind of shared underlying physical reality. If funding pressures could somehow overcome the gigantic asymmetry of resources to favor alarmism, the opportunity for a researcher to have a Galileo moment would grow as the mainstream accumulated unsolved puzzles. Sooner or later, better theories would become irresistible. But that has not been the history of climate science; alternative hypotheses have been more risible than irresistible. Given the scale of the numbers, each of the big 3 oil companies could run a climate science program as big as the US government’s, for 1% of revenues. Surely the NPV of their potential costs, if faced with a real climate policy, would justify that. But they don’t. Why? Perhaps they know that they wouldn’t get a different answer, or that it’s far cheaper to hire shills to make stuff up than to do real science? Minds are like parachutes, or are they dumpsters? Open Minds has yet another post in a long series demolishing bizarre views of climate skeptics, particularly those from WattsUpWithThat. Several of the targets are nice violations of conservation laws and bathtub dynamics. For example, how can you believe that the ocean is the source of rising atmospheric CO2, when atmospheric CO2 increases by less than human emissions and ocean CO2 is also rising? The alarming thing about this is that, if I squint and forget that I know anything about dynamics, some of the rubbish sounds like science. For example, The prevailing paradigm simply does not make sense from a stochastic systems point of view – it is essentially self-refuting. A very low bandwidth system, such as it demands, would not be able to have maintained CO2 levels in a tight band during the pre-industrial era and then suddenly started accumulating our inputs. It would have been driven by random events into a random walk with dispersion increasing as the square root of time. I have been aware of this disconnect for some time. When I found the glaringly evident temperature to CO2 derivative relationship, I knew I had found proof. It just does not make any sense otherwise. Temperature drives atmospheric CO2, and human inputs are negligible. Case closed. I suspect that a lot of people would have trouble distinguishing this foolishness from sense. In fact, it’s tough to precisely articulate what’s wrong with this statement, because it falls so far short of a runnable model specification. I also suspect that I would have trouble distinguishing similar foolishness from sense in some other field, say biochemistry, if I were unfamiliar with the content and jargon. This reinforces my conviction that words are inadequate for discussing complex, quantitative problems. Verbal descriptions of dynamic mental models hide all kinds of inconsistencies and are generally impossible to reliably test and refute. If you don’t have a formal model, you’ve brought a knife, or maybe a banana, to a gunfight. There are two remedies for this. We need more formal mathematical model literacy, and more humility about mental models and verbal arguments.
January 29, 2022 You Should Know Everything About International Widows Day According to the United Nations, “There are an estimated 258 million widows around the world, and nearly one in ten live in extreme poverty.” To bring awareness about the struggles faced by widowed women around the world, June 23rd is marked as International Widows Day. It is essential to discuss this issue as it is an uncontrollable one and the only solution to this is to empower women to be independent. What is International Widows Day, and Why is it important to Discuss it? A widow is someone who has lost their husband. The word widow is derived from an Indo-European word that means “be empty.” This is because it describes how the person feels after losing their significant other. It is important to discuss this because many women around the world are shunned by society if they are widowed, even though it is not in their control. Despite the devastating feeling the person goes through, there are several other societal stigmas that make them feel worse with their outdated “rules” a widow needs to follow. They become emotionally drained and make it impossible to bounce back to normal. They would face even more issues if their husband were the sole bread earner of the family. It puts them in a difficult position in both financial and emotional ways. That’s why 23rd June marked as International Widows Day for these widows. What are the Problems Faced by Widowed Women? international widows day international widows day As already mentioned, many women have to go through a lot of unrealistic and outdated rules by society. Women who are solely dependent on their husbands to support the family financially may struggle fiscally, mainly if the women belonged to a family with lower economic status. In some regions, women are not allowed to inherit the property that the husband was an heir to. Women who belong to remote areas often do not have a bank account; hence they do not have the option of gaining pension from the government or even have insurance to take care of her and her family. In a situation where a husband passes away, it immediately looks as if the wife brought in “bad luck “in the family, which in turn is the reason for the demise of her spouse. As soon as a woman is widowed, and is expected to give up dressing in bright or dazzling colors. This curbs her individuality and puts more stress on her. We need to learn to be sensitive and understanding towards them that they have just lost their significant other, and it is not the time to impose any kind of regulations on them. The Current Scenario: In the past two years, many precious lives were lost due to the pandemic, and Millions of people have lost their loved ones. In times like these, economically backward women face a lot of issues, and there are no new job opportunities for them to take up, nor do they have the facility to keep themselves safe amid the pandemic. The mental health of these women is also affected a lot because they may feel lonely, and it is not even possible for them to step outside to escape from the pain they are going through. How to Support them? If a woman you know has recently lost their partner then, talk with them and help with small things like taking care of some household work, or if they are willing to share, then support them emotionally and help them overcome the loss. It is impossible to subdue the pain, but give them the time to heal. If your house help or someone of lower fiscal status has faced such a loss, then try to support financially too. It is high time that we stop the stigmatization around widows and start treating them just like how we would treat anyone else. On this International Widows Day, let us break the taboo and be supportive of them. They are already enduring a great irreplaceable loss. Read About – No Tobacco Day Naveen Dagar View all posts by Naveen Dagar → Leave a Reply Your email address will not be published.
Conic section (Redirected from Conic sections) Printable version \| Disclaimers \| Privacy policy Curves that form at the intersection of an infinite conic surface and a plane. If the intersection is a closed curve, the section is called an ellipse (of which the circle is a special case in which the plane is exactly perpendicular to the axis of the cone). If the plane is parallel to any tangent plane of the cone, the section is called a parabola. Finally, if the intersection is an open curve, and the plane is not parallel to the axis of the cone, the figure is an hyperbola. The graph of a quadratic equation in two variables is always a conic section. In the Cartesian Coordinate System, a conic is a curve that has an equation of the 2nd degree, i.e., of the form: If h2=ab, this equation represents a parabola. If h2<ab, this equation represents an ellipse. If h2>ab, this equation represents a hyperbola. If a=b and h=0, it represents a circle. If a+b=0, it represents a rectangular hyperbola. Finally, if the following determinant, \| a h g \| \| h b f \| = 0 \| g h e \| it represents a pair of straight lines, that may not coincide. Again this page really needs a visual and should be written in a way accessible to all readers. This is not complex material. And a revision should be fairly easy...before this whole topic becomes esoteric. I recommend the following link for graphics on [\|conics]. Dick Beldin Very good visuals, thank you. RoseParks
Parenting style classification essay parenting styles essay conclusion There are four generally recognized parenting styles and are categorized: authoritarian, permissive, neglectful, and authoritative. Most parents don't realize how their parenting methods affect their child's development. Curfews, chores and attention might sound familiar to some, and to others not so much. This is dangerous, and may not have a good result. Many theories of parenting style have been developed over the years. When a child comes into someone's life, parenting is usually a necessity when it comes to nurturing a beautiful, and a healthy child. They are grouped into three different categories; authoritarian, authoritative, and overly permissive. There can be four types of parenting combinations, authoritative, authoritarian, permissive. However there is extensive research linking healthy child development to effective parenting. They express the parent is in control, but the parent also respect their child with explaining parental actions in a positive way. Compare and contrast parenting styles essay Baumrind defined those styles as the authoritarian style, the authoritative style, the permissive style, the uninvolved style of parenting. She originally stated that there are four types of parenting styles; authoritarian, authoritative, permissive and neglectful. The reality is that good parenting does not require classical music, but instead time and effort. There are four different types of parenting styles. This paper will examine the different type of parenting styles as it relates to ethnicity and various cultures. So it is clear that since people are different from one another that their parenting styles will be different. There are four basic types of parenting styles that are seen in everyday life A lot of responsibilities, sacrifices, and hard work are attached to parenting. These parents usually never see the pattern when their children take in all of the discipline as a way of acting in daily life. There are many different approaches one can take in parenting. The most important thing in life is being a good parent and teaching children the appropriate way to act. As a parent, one may want to find a parenting style that is nurturing but also disciplinary. Authoritative parenting can be compared to democratic and encouraging. Rated 8/10 based on 27 review Classification: Parenting Styles Essay
Skip to content How Does an Energy-Saving Light Bulb Works How Does an Energy-Saving Light Bulb Works There are many different light bulbs available on the market, but energy-saving CFLs and LED bulbs have some serious advantages. They use less electricity than traditional incandescent lights, last much longer (a 10-year lifespan for CFLs) and won't break if you drop them. The downside is that they're a little more expensive to buy upfront - an average wattage CFL costs around $3-$5 while LEDs cost about $25-$30 per bulb - but throughout their lifetime, these savings can add up. How does Energy Efficient Light Bulbs Save Money? These bulbs cost more to buy, but they will save you money in the long run. CFLs and LEDs can each hold an average household around $40-$50 on electricity bills and last for years longer than regular incandescent light bulbs within their first year of use. A bonus is that these bulbs don't generate as much heat, so they can be used in place of incandescent lights without worrying about increased cooling costs during the summer. Also, if you use your regular light bulbs 24 hours a day (for example, to keep your house lit while you're away on vacation), then energy-efficient light bulbs can save you even more money. How do Energy Saving Light Bulbs work? Energy-efficient bulbs use about 25 percent of the electricity that incandescent lights consume, resulting in much lower energy bills and a longer lifespan for your light bulb. They also contain an electronic ballast, just like fluorescent bulbs, which last longer than incandescent. As a result, some energy-efficient bulbs can last more than 25 times longer than traditional incandescent lights, which means less time and money spent on replacing them. Energy Saving Light Bulb Reviews If you search online for Energy Saver light bulb reviews, you will quickly find that many of the best-selling Energy Saving Light Bulbs are made by Philips. You can find Energy Saver light bulbs in the following product categories: Incandescent Energy Saving Light Bulbs LED (Light Emitting Diode) Energy Saving Light Bulbs Compact Fluorescent lights or CFLs for short, are usually sold in 4-packs so you can replace all of your old bulbs at once. These bulbs give off a bright white light, and many people like them because they appear more brilliant than the more expensive halogen lights. We can find energy-saving light bulbs in decorative shapes, such as stars and hearts. They're great for kids' rooms and other areas where you want your lighting to be fun or fanciful! Unlike traditional incandescent bulbs, energy-efficient bulbs need to warm up for a minute or two before they reach full brightness. But once they are warmed up, these lights don't need to be replaced for ten years or more. How Long Do Energy Saving Light Bulbs work? The average life of an Energy Saving Light Bulb (ESLB) is 10,000 hours. That's equal to more than 25 years if you use the bulb for 2 hours per day. Energy-Saving Light Bulbs usually contain mercury, so they must be adequately recycled instead of thrown away in your trash can or recycling bin. Call your local solid waste department or visit to find an eco-friendly recycling center in your area that accepts CFLs. Energy Saving Light Bulb Safety All Energy Saving Light Bulbs have a built-in glass cover, which protects you against glass shards if the light bulb breaks and reduces fire risk since only the outer coating can burn off. In addition, since mercury-free, you don't have to worry about toxic chemicals seeping into the air if they break in your house or car. Finally, energy Saving Light Bulbs give off a small amount of heat, but this is normal and poses no danger. Previous article Modern Dusk To Dawn Outdoor Lighting - Should You Invest in Them?
« View All Posts Blog Feature By: Daniel D. Lane, MA.PSY, BS, RPSGT, CCSH on December 7th, 2021 Print/Save as PDF Case Study Scenarios CCSH \| patient scenarios A patient scenario involves analyzing the patient’s test results and utilizing appropriate communication techniques to provide enhanced targeted education to improve outcomes. As sleep health navigators, and Certified Clinical Sleep Health (CCSH) educators, we focus on patient strategies to improve adherence, improve sleep and improve the comorbidities that impact a patient’s overall health. These patient scenarios, which are a part of the AAST Enhanced CCSH Designated Education Program Recorded Modules, build skills, knowledge and critical thinking skills to help you develop educational techniques that can influence a patient’s self-management of their health and well-being. Clinical sleep health is an advanced level of health care which involves empathy, influence and behavioral change. As sleep health navigators, we encounter many situations where we need to evaluate the bigger picture and hear and understand patient needs and circumstances. To see the bigger picture, one needs to think critically and holistically educate patients on medications, exercise, comorbidities and therapy management. Patients may have issues with the noise of the machine, leaking mask or misunderstandings in instructions. Listening with empathy gives a patient the feeling of confidence and trust, allowing the sleep health navigator to influence the patient towards improved adherence and outcomes. Feedback is a vital part of behavioral change. Patients respond best to high positive feedback and low negative feedback which will, in turn, help the patient build personal power and evoke behavioral change. Constructive feedback improves and increases involvement and participation in the management of various sleep disorders and the patient’s future goals. When no feedback is given, the patient will feel ignored and unimportant, and they do not see any value in being a part of improved outcomes. Negative feedback is better than no feedback, as this will make the patient feel they are noticed. Negative feedback can also provide results when given in a non-judgmental manner and solutions are given to assist and improve performance. The most important ground rule for constructive feedback is to define expectations. When patients know and clearly understand the value and realities that are expanded upon in each scenario, the patient will understand what is within their control. Feedback is a two-way street, and it is important that the sleep health navigator listen and understand the questions and concerns of each patient. Feedback should address behavior and show a patient that what they are doing has practical value and improves their sleep quality and their health. Feedback that is clear, specific and given in a timely matter will result in better overall health and sleep quality. The patient scenarios provided in this module are real life examples. These scenarios will provide insight on how to expand your role as an educator, influencer and a recognized leader in sleep health. Each scenario provides clear guidelines for evaluating patient issues and concerns, and providing appropriate patient education, and aims to build critical-thinking skills that will assist you with influencing the patient’s self-management of their health and well-being. Access the Enhanced CCSH Modules
• SEL Competency Social Awareness Social Awareness allows individuals to take others' perspectives into acccount and to empathize with others. Socially aware students are more likely to recognize and appreciate the similaritioes and differences of others. Social awareness is particularly important for students as they participate in new instrcutional shifts. Studuents need to take the perspectives of their classmates during classroom discussions and attempt to empathize and relate with characters during analysis of texts. Theme- Diversity and Acceptance We show appreciation for diverse perspectives and experiences Learner Profile Attribute- Knowledgeable I am developing an understanding of the world around me, locally and globally. Approaches to Learning Skill Gaining specific facts, ideas, vocabulary; remembering in a similar form. Book of the Month A Judge Grows in the Bronx/La Juez Que Crecio' en el Bronx Sonya Sotomayor Author: Jonah Winter
The Fenway Park And The RMS Titanic 1684 Words7 Pages 1912 was an influential year, when many notable events happened. The Girl Scouts of America was founded, Fenway Park opened, but one event is still influential over a hundred years later. No other shipwreck had such an enduring imprint upon the public consciousness that impacted many aspects of maritime law as well as the monetary impact this incident had upon families, companies, and the financial market. The luxury steamship RMS Titanic was the second of three Olympic-class ocean liners that were owned and operated by the White Star Line. The White Star Line company commissioned the building of the RMS Titanic to Harland and Wolff shipyard on the Queen’s Island in Belfast, Ireland. Harland and Wolff shipyard were commissioned to build the largest ship at the time. Measuring in at 269.1 meters the titanic was the largest ship built at the time, as well as it was the longest it was also the most expensive. $7,500,000 was the cost The White Star Line paid for the RMS Titanic to be constructed and completely furnished. HISTORY keeps an accurate account of all historical events, including the Titanic, which include much of the known History of the titanic. The RMS Titanic was equipped to carry a 3,547 people at full capacity, which would have included all passengers and crew aboard. With a high passenger capacity, the RMS Titanic was equipped to carry 64 lifeboats, each lifeboat was able to carry 65 people. Since the Titanic was made of steel the architects had believed the More about The Fenway Park And The RMS Titanic Get Access
The Patterns Of Teen Drug Abuse 1931 Words8 Pages A pattern that we’ve seen erupt over the last couple of years is the habit of teenagers and young adults falling prey to party drugs, there's been a sense of normalcy placed along with a pill popping culture, you'll notice rappers almost romanticizing and influencing teenagers into experimenting with prescription drugs. What most people don't take into consideration before consuming these drugs is that most prescription opioids have addictive side effects, that when taken in long term or copious amounts can cause the user to experience withdrawals and ultimately draw them back in a continuous cycle. Most would say, why can't they just not take the drugs? Or claim it was the users fault because they know better. While they are not entirely right, it's not wrong either. Research shows that a large majority of teens will find themselves in a position where they will be offered drugs before the age of 14 at a party, this decision will ultimately affect their life in the long run, be it becoming a social outcast from their peers for not trying these drugs, or taking them and developing an addiction that will surely harm their bodies before they’ve truly became adults. Teen drug overdose is an issue that dates back over multiple generations, with each finding their own ways to get recreational highs. However, there was a significant increase in death from years 1999 to 2007 within age groups 15-19(1). As time goes on, higher percentages of teens experiment with different types of Get Access
Inclusion of refugees in technical and vocational education and training In their ambition to create a fair society and a strong economy, governments around the world are investing in skills development that not only meets the changing needs of business and increases productivity, but also enables people from all backgrounds to fulfil their potential. Sustainable growth can only be achieved if education and market systems are inclusive for all groups in society. Inclusion is a current priority for the UK government and globally supports the UN Sustainable Development Goals. In the UK and in many of the countries in which we work there is an increasing interest in the role of technical and vocational education and training (TVET) in addressing the inclusion agenda. Our work therefore aims to ensure that skills development better meets the needs of individuals and the economy through high quality, relevant, respected and innovative provision. After exploring the governance of TVET last year, our research now focusses on how TVET supports inclusion. This report provides an analysis of the situation of refugees and their inclusion in TVET across five countries – Ethiopia, Jordan, Pakistan, South Africa and the UK, in terms of availability, accessibility, acceptability, and adaptability. It provides examples of good practice and makes recommendations to relevant actors involved in TVET for refugees.
US Markets Loading... H M S In the news 5 Unlikely Lessons We Can Learn From Historic Leaders john f kennedey UniversalImagesGroup/Getty Images It can be hard for us to see sometimes how history relates to our own lives. There don’t seem to be many similarities between the world today and the world that we read about in our history books. Our ancestors faced different problems with different tools than we do today. Still, one thing remains the same: people. For all that has changed in the world, human nature remains remarkably much like it always has been. Whether you’re leading a nation, an army, or just a company, office, or team, some of the same principles apply. Here are just a few of the lessons we can learn from the successes (and failures) of great leaders throughout history. 1. Julius Caesar: Understand How Your Subordinates Feel Caesar was undoubtedly a great leader. His military victories made Rome one of the largest empires in history, and his political leadership made it one of the most prosperous. Unfortunately, Caesar neglected to pay enough attention to those serving under him, namely the Senate. He constantly ignored the Senate’s wishes as he grabbed dictatorial power until even his friend Brutus was willing to kill him. Corporate leaders today probably don’t risk assassination, but they can still be “sacked” like one of the armies that Caesar faced. Failure to listen to employees still has significant consequences. If employees don’t feel like you’re listening to them or respecting their positions, they may choose to ignore your requests, go over your head to your boss, or even quit. 2. Winston Churchill: Words Have Power Winston Churchill cigar AP Photo It may be sacrilege to say in some circles, but in many respects, Winston Churchill was not that impressive a leader. He did not always have a great military mind, as evidenced by the disastrous Gallipoli invasion he planned in World War I. His leadership on domestic issues was so poor at times that the citizens of the UK. voted him out of office as soon as World War II ended. Still, when it counted the most, Churchill lead Great Britain to stand against the monolithic German war machine, due in no small part to Churchill’s inspiring rhetoric. Everyone predicted that a sustained bombing raid such as the German Blitz would totally demoralize a civilian population, but emboldened by Churchill’s words, the people of London carried on with the war effort. There may not be a need for Churchill levels of rhetoric in the office, but well placed words of encouragement can do wonders for employee morale. 3. John F Kennedy: Maintain Your Flexibility When US spy planes brought reports of nuclear missiles to the White House in 1962, many of JFK’s close advisors advocated for a full military invasion of Cuba. JFK held off on these plans, opting instead for a naval blockade and negotiations with Soviet leaders, all while planning for a possible invasion if these tactics failed. In the end, the blockade worked, and the US was able to avoid nuclear war. Had JFK opted for military invasion right away, who knows what might have happened. Be careful of those big decisions that commit you down a certain path. If an employee is causing trouble, look for other ways of resolving that issue before taking the permanent step of firing them. Don’t commit yourself to a strategic path without first evaluating all of the options available to you. 4. Prince William of Orange: Know When To Take Big Risks Kennedy, as the leader of the most powerful country in the world, had the luxury of biding his time and exploring all his options. In the 16th century, Prince William had no such luxury as he led the Dutch rebellion against Spain, then the largest and most powerful empire in the world. Faced with a massive army bearing down on his tiny country, Prince William took a drastic step: he pulled down several dikes and flooded a large portion of the Dutch countryside. The Spanish troops were bogged down, and the Dutch were able to dig in and win the war. As a leader today, you have to be willing to recognize when you can’t best your competitors using your current strategy. If a larger competitor is beating you on price, you have to find a way to differentiate yourself, even if that means a radical change in strategy. 5. Alexander the Great: Have A Succession Plan alexander the great The name Alexander spread throughout Europe in the 4th century thanks to Alexander the Great. Wikimedia Commons Alexander the Great built one of the largest empires in history in just a few short years, and it fell apart just as quickly. As soon as Alexander died, his generals carved up his empire into pieces. Every leader wants to build something that lasts, and that means finding someone to take over once you step down. Failure to do so can mean the undoing of your life’s work in just a few short years. It’s accurate to say that history repeats itself. But it’s just as accurate to say that history is filled with lessons that we can apply to our business as well as personal lives if we look closely and carefully enough. The above stories are truly helpful to business leaders, but history has no shortage of amazing leadership examples. Other U.S. Presidents such as Abraham Lincoln, English monarchs like Queen Elizabeth I, or even African tribal leaders like Shaka Zulu displayed intelligence, patience, even brutality when they had to. If you become a student of history, what you learn will help as you apply the lessons to your work life. John Boitnott is a journalist and digital consultant who has worked at TV, newspapers, radio and internet companies in the U.S. for 20 years. He's an advisor at StartupGrind and has written for NBC, Fast Company, Inc. Magazine, Entrepreneur, USAToday, and VentureBeat, among others. A picture of a switch and lightbulb Subscribe to push notifications Read the original article on Contributor. Copyright 2015. Deal icon An icon in the shape of a lightning bolt. Keep reading
Discovered the explanation of the patients with “lazarus-like” cancer An article published in Cancer Cell with the collaboration of the group of Dr. Manel Esteller, Director of the Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, ICREA Research Professor and Professor of Genetics at the University of Barcelona, today provides us with the reasons that would explain the extraordinary response of these individuals to cancer therapy. There is a very special subgroup of cancer patients. These are people who have advanced, and highly aggressive cancer mostly associated with a very short survival time, but surprisingly they respond very well to treatment, greatly increasing their life expectancy. These patients are colloquially called "Lazarus" because, being on the verge of death, they return to full life, as happened with the person of the same name described in the biblical texts. These "Lazarus" patients represent a minimal proportion of individuals with cancer and until now the causes of this phenomenon were unknown. "The study has been led by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) of the United States, which are world pioneers in genomic studies of tumours. They had managed to gather more than 100 exceptional responding patients, where they were obtaining the mutations of the tumours, and they asked us to also analyse their epigenome and we did so. It has been a work of several years and intense, but the discoveries obtained have been worth all the effort: we have obtained the first explanation of why these patients evolve so well. " - states Dr Manel Esteller, co-author of the Cancer Cell study - "It turns out that the cancers of these people have randomly accumulated several genetic and epigenetic defects that make them hypersensitive to the drug that the doctor gives them. It would be as if on a floor that has just been polished, a banana skin will also be deposited by chance: the fall of a person walking by would occur for sure. Well, that is what happens to these tumours: they accumulate two or three events that derail the growth of the cancer when it receives the drug. An example: a high-grade brain tumour has a genetic lesion in a DNA repair gene and a mutation in a different gene that also repairs DNA. That patient, if he receives a drug that damages DNA, won't be able to fix that defect and that tumour won't be able to grow." -explains Dr Esteller and adds- "Now the dream is that this knowledge serves to help other patients with tumours of much more common clinical behaviour. For example, we could think that the external induction of a second alteration in a pathway already damaged in the tumour, would create a “Lazarus” patient that would respond very well to a drug designed against that cellular pathway. " Webpage updated 04/30/2021 18:22:46
A Parent’s Guide to Chiropractic for Kids A growing number of families in the U.S.—both parents and children—are discovering the benefits of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), including chiropractic care. The good news is that you’re never too young or too old to benefit from the types of therapies a skilled chiropractic physician can provide. Today’s chiropractors generally have the training and experience to work with patients from early childhood through to advanced age. However, some practitioners also choose to focus on the unique needs of specific types of patients. How Children May Benefit From Chiropractic Care As children enter school, they begin interacting with other adults and kids in a completely different kind of setting outside the family home. This means that they’re exposed to a variety of new environmental and behavioral factors that can threaten their spine and nervous system health. From poor sitting posture in the classroom to heavy backpacks in the hallways, rough-housing on the playground and electronics use on the bus ride home, there are a variety of new health risks. Chiropractic care can help address these sorts of risks as well as others that may seem less obvious. For instance, there is evidence that chiropractic care may help prevent or relieve many common cold and allergy symptoms, including sneezing, coughing and itching or watery eyes. This is not to say that a visit to the chiropractor will “cure” the common cold or that the underlying illness will be eliminated, even temporarily. However, the research suggests that spinal manipulation and other therapies frequently used by the chiropractor may help to strengthen a child’s immune system over time. Treating Infants Chiropractic treatments are tailored to every child according to their specific circumstances, including their height and weight. There is no minimum age for receiving chiropractic care, and even newborns may safely benefit. In fact, chiropractic care is encouraged for babies as a chiropractic physician may be able to detect spinal problems that could lead to colic, ear infection or asthma. Early detection may help prevent the development of these conditions and other complications while also improving a young patient’s quality of life. Communicating with Members of Your Child’s Healthcare Team As both adults and children are turning to alternative medicine as a way to prevent or treat common ailments, there is an increasing need for patients (or their parents) to communicate effectively with members of an expanded healthcare team. In most cases, your child’s primary care doctor (usually a pediatrician, general practitioner or chiropractic physician) will play a key role in coordinating care. Remember that a good chiropractor will always tell you when a particular condition may be outside his or her scope of practice and will refer you to other specialists as appropriate. Many chiropractors who specialize in pediatrics are members of the International Chiropractic Pediatric Association (ICPA) and have completed postgraduate courses that focus on the care of pregnant mothers, infants and children. The ICPA is a non-profit organization that was founded in 1986 by Larry Webster, DC. The association offers advanced training workshops and seminars for healthcare professionals in addition to its chiropractic certification. It also has a referral service for parents and publishes a wide variety of materials designed to educate the general public about chiropractic medicine for both children and adults. Studies have shown that children who visit the chiropractor on a regular basis are likely to grow up with better posture and have fewer illnesses than their classmates. If you’d like to find out more about children and chiropractic care, please ask us. We are here to help! Automobile Safety Tip: Driver’s Seat Position As anyone who has a long commute to work or drives for a living can tell you, driving can take a toll on your body, especially your back! Being behind the wheel for extended periods of time can put a lot of stress on the spine, since the normal lumbar curve can easily be affected the typical driving position. Add to that the bumping and jostling from traveling over uneven road surfaces and speed bumps and you’ve got a recipe for back pain. Following are a few tips that will help you minimize the risk of recurring or chronic back pain by adjusting your driver’s seat to the optimal placement for driving. 1. Position yourself properly in the seat. To do this, ensure that you are sitting as far back in the seat as possible, so that your buttocks are almost wedged between the bottom cushion and the seat back. 2. Adjust the distance between the seat and steering wheel. Move the seat forward so you can fully depress both the brake and (if necessary) the clutch, while still keeping your knees slightly bent. Your leg should ideally maintain an angle of approximately 120 degrees. If your leg is either too straight or at a 90-degree angle, your seat needs to be moved either closer or further back. 3. Adjust the tilt of the seat. Tilt your seat forward or backward until you feel that your leg from hip to knee is fully supported while having your foot on the gas pedal, without feeling that the seat is pressing uncomfortably into the back of your leg. 4. Adjust the back of the seat. Your seat should be at an angle that fully supports the length of your back. It should not be reclined too far, as this can cause you to have to bend your head and neck forward at an angle in order to see the road ahead. 5. Move the steering wheel. You should move the steering wheel toward you until it is close enough for your hands to reach the standard 10 and 2 position, while keeping your arms slightly bent. Having it too close can be dangerous in an accident, but you also don’t want it so far away that you are straining to reach it. It should be tilted at an angle so your hands are just a little lower than your shoulders while resting on the wheel. 6. Adjust the head restraint. The bottom of the head restraint should be level with the base of your skull and should be about an inch from your head while driving in order to help prevent whiplash in the event of an accident. If your car has a lumbar support feature, adjust it so it supports the lumbar area without pressing into your back. If you don’t have this feature, one or two rolled towels can be used to support the lumbar area. Try to be sure your knee does not drop to the side while you drive, since this can cause some aggravation to the nerves in the lower back, which can in turn lead to pain in the hip, knee and foot. Pull your knee in to keep it in line with your body. If you’re the primary (or only) driver of a vehicle, many of these adjustments need to be made only once. For the small investment of a few minutes of your time, you can reduce your risk of recurring or chronic back and neck pain. Trust us, your back and neck will thank you! Contact Southeastern Healthcare for Back or Neck Pain Relief! Seeing a chiropractor for neck or back pain is a good idea, since he or she can help identify injuries and start treatment promptly. If you have neck or back pain Wilmington NC, contact Southeastern Healthcare today! Schedule an appointment for a free consultation to see how we can help solve your pain.
Kettering Water Update Posted on May 28, 2019 *05.28.2019 – 2:15PM Update: TIPS FOR BOIL ADVISORY * All those in the city of Kettering remain under a boil water advisory and Montgomery County is asking that everyone continue to conserve water. Tips from the CDC on what to do during a Boil Water Advisory: Boiling water Fill a pot with water. Heat the water until bubbles come from the bottom of the pot to the top. Once the water reaches a rolling boil, let it boil for 1 minute. Turn off the heat source and let the water cool. Pour the water into a clean container with a cover for storage. Water filters Boil tap water even if it is filtered. Most kitchen and other household water filters typically do not remove bacteria or viruses. Preparing and cooking food Wash all fruits and vegetables with boiled water that has cooled or bottled water. Bring water to a rolling boil for 1 minute before adding food to cook. Use boiled water when preparing drinks, such as coffee, tea, and lemonade Wash food preparation surfaces with boiled water. Feeding babies and using formula Use ready-to-use baby formula, if possible. Prepare powdered or concentrated baby formula with bottled water. Use boiled water if you do not have bottled water. Wash and sterilize bottles and nipples before use. If you cannot sterilize bottles, try to use single-serve, ready-to-feed bottles. Do not use ice from ice trays, ice dispensers, or ice makers. Throw out all ice made with tap water. Make new ice with boiled or bottled water. Bathing and showering Be careful not to swallow any water when bathing or showering. Brush teeth with boiled or bottled water. Do not use untreated tap water. Washing dishes Household dishwashers generally are safe to use if the water reaches a final rinse temperature of at least 150 degrees or if the dishwasher has a sanitizing cycle. To wash dishes by hand: • Wash and rinse the dishes as you normally would using hot water. • In a separate basin, add 1 teaspoon of unscented household liquid bleach for each gallon of warm water. • Soak the rinsed dishes in the water for at least one minute. • Let the dishes air dry completely. It is safe to do laundry as usual. Pets can get some of the same diseases as people. It is a good idea to give them boiled water that has been cooled. ***05.28.2019 – 11:45AM Update: The City of Dayton just updated the status of the Water System. While progress is being made, the system-wide boil advisory and need for water conservation is still in place. This DOES include Kettering. In addition, there is an urgent need to conserve water. There is no power to water pump stations. As a result, low to no water pressure water loss in Kettering is likely if power is not restored. We will keep Kettering informed today as more information becomes available. If you are not already enrolled in Kettering CodeRed Emergency Alerts, please take a moment to sign up now. Close window
Why Do Dogs Wink? Reasons and Explanation Behind It. Updated December 27, 2021 winking swiss shepherd dog Imagine you’re doing something and your dog is right beside you. Suddenly you take a quick look at your dog and discover that he/she winks at you, making your heart skip a beat. You might start thinking if your dog winked at you or it was your imagination. A sudden thought might pop up in your head that winking is probably only a human trait. But it’s not. Your pet dog can wink too! Do Dogs Wink at You on Purpose? Dogs are one of the most popular pets, if not the most popular, around the world. Even though dogs can’t communicate in human language, dog owners know that dogs use different gestures and traits as their language to communicate with us. Winking is one of those gestures. To us humans, a wink is a friendly and warm gesture. If your dogs wink at you it can be on purpose or subconsciously. It can be either a good sign or a bad one. Reasons Why Your Dog Might Wink at You There are several reasons why your dogs might wink at you. Following are some of the reasons behind your beloved dogs winking at you. Your Dog Is Happy and Want Your Attention Happy dogs want to show their affection however they possibly can. Hence sometimes they start rolling on their back and sometimes they wink while they’re being playful. Your dogs can do the same and by winking at you they express how much they love you. As dogs can’t communicate in human language, they use their body language and even their eyes to send their message to us to seek attention. And what can be more beautiful than happy dogs winking at their beloved human friends? If you ever find your dogs wagging their tail happily and winking at you, you can return the favor by winking back too. Your Dog Is Being Submissive Towards You Eye contact works as a state of domination or submission among dogs. Usually, humans maintain eye contact while interacting with others. It shows that they are listening and interacting carefully and being respectful towards the other person. But when it comes to dogs, eye contact works as who is superior in the pack between them. If you ever happened to watch dogs fighting, you probably observed that before starting a fight, dogs keep staring at each other intensely. This is the way they want to show their dominance over the others. If one of them stops staring or looking down then he/she is considered being dominated. Otherwise, a fight starts to ensure who gets the crown of being the dominant in the pack. As dogs love to communicate through their body language, dogs will sometimes send messages through their eyes. If your dog gives you a solid stare, it might be a dominant and aggressive one. But if your dog winks at you, it means accepting you as the dominant one. Also, dogs don’t blink when they feel they are endangered. But if it winks or blinks seeing you, it means your dog trusts you and doesn’t feel endangered in any way. Your Dog Is Being an Imitator Dogs, being very smart and intelligent, start imitating their human friends the more they stay together. Normally it starts with the small things. Your doggy wants to eat when you are eating, sleep when you are sleeping, and even yawn when you are yawning. From the small gestures, you might understand that your cute pooch has started mimicking you. And if you have a habit of winking, there’s a high possibility that your dogs have been watching you do this often, and thinking of it as a good thing they started imitating. This imitating behavior of dogs makes it easier for the owners to train their dogs. If your dog is winking by imitating you, you can use this trait as an advantage later. Your Dog is Having Health Issues: Unfortunately, this one is the worst possible case for both you and your dog. Your dog could wink or blink as a result of potential health issues. Your dog might wink or blink with one eye due to some irritation in that eye. Sometimes a hair, some dust, or chemicals could enter their eyes and create a form of irritation. If this is the matter, your dog will try to blink repeatedly which at first you might misread as a healthy wink. This being the case, you probably will see your dog rubbing the eye continuously or scratching the irritating eye. There’s another issue regarding the winking of the dogs that may arise which is called entropion. In the case of entropion, the upper or lower eyelid of your dog gets flipped inwards, and the small hairs of the eyelid touch the surface of the eye. These hairs scratching the surface of the eye is very irritating and a major health concern for your dog. If you think your dog is having irritation in the eye or winking or blinking one eye too much, and feeling uncomfortable, contact the local vet as soon as possible. The vet probably would want to examine your dog at their office. Take your dogs to the vet immediately. Can I Train My Dogs to Wink? Yes, you can. If you love it when your puppy is winking with one eye closed and wonder if you could make it happen whenever you want, then we've got you covered. The famous physiologist Pavlov made an amazing learning strategy that is called classical conditioning. He fortuitously found that his puppies would drool seeing the person who used to bring them their meals, whether that person had any food with him at that moment or not. You can use this classical conditioning in your training to make your dogs wink whenever you wish. In this strategy to train your dogs to wink, the sound of a precise word (in this case “Wink!”) would signal something (like being touched on a whisker) and lead your puppy to react (by blinking) to that word like he/she would react to when touched on their whisker. Here’s how you should do it: 1. Say “Wink!” 2. Touch your dog’s whisker on the edge of the muzzle. You should go for the side you want your pooch to wink with his eye. 3. Your doggie will impulsively blink that eye you are trying him/her to wink. Now, give your dog a treat. 4. Continue this practice until your doggie starts to wink by himself/herself before you lay your finger on the whisker. After this, if you say “Wink!”, your dog will wink at you with one eye closed as if you two are sharing a secret. How cool is that! To summarize, winking is a very gentle behavior seen in dogs. If your dogs wink at you while being healthy, it’s a cute gesture. Understanding your dogs’ body language can give you the advantage to know the reason why your dogs wink at you. Seeing their wink at you, you can also learn what they want from you. Understanding their health issues or how their mood is a child’s play if you can solve the puzzle of why they are winking. It will significantly strengthen the bond between you and your doggo, the most trusted living thing you can have by your side. Related Posts Leave a Reply Your email address will not be published. Pet's Better Life is Committed to Provide Pet Owner with Relevant and Reliable Information about All Things Pets. Copyright 2019-2021 Dot Media. All images and media files used in this website are provided by Envato Elements Pty Ltd. and Twenty20, Inc. Every image is properly licensed for using in this website.
Kim Davis Kim Davis Comments Death Be Not Proud Death be not proud, though some have called thee Mighty and dreadfull, for, thou art not soe, For, those, whom thou think'st, thou dost overthrow, From rest and sleepe, which but thy pictures bee, Much pleasure, then from thee, much more must flow, And soonest our best men with thee doe goe, Rest of their bones, and soules deliverie. And dost with poyson, warre, and sicknesse dwell, And poppie, or charmes can make us sleepe as well, And better then thy stroake; why swell'st thou then? One short sleepe past, wee wake eternally, Kim Davis Popularity Writing a poem is not about bringing some words together to create some charming sentences. It's so much deeper than that. Writing poetry is a bridge that allows people to express their feelings and make others live every single word they read. Poetry is to educate people, to lead them away from hate to love, from violence to mercy and pity. Writing poetry is to help this community better understand life and live it more passionately. contains an enormous number of famous poems from all over the world, by both classical and modern poets. You can read as many as you want, and also submit your own poems to share your writings with all our poets, members, and visitors. Kim Davis Popularity Error Success
Opinion: one of the legacies of the Rosenhan experiment is how much mental health diagnoses and labels affect a person's life What does it mean to be insane? We all instinctively feel that insanity is an extreme condition, and at the very least it should be quite easy to distinguish an insane from a perfectly sane person. It may not be as easy for an unqualified person, but surely psychiatrists could tell. Could they? This was tested by psychologist David Rosenhan in what is now known as the Rosenhan Experiment. In 1972, Rosenhan and seven other colleagues (three psychologists, a paediatrician, a psychiatrist, a painter, and a housewife) voluntarily set up appointments at psychiatric hospitals. At the appointment, they claimed to hear voices, but on every other matter they had to answer truthfully and, one imagines, sanely. Once admitted – if they were admitted at all – they had to drop any pretence of hearing voices and act in a perfectly normal way. Dr David Rosenhan. Photo: Getty Images Rosenhan’s expectation before the experiment was that they would all be soon understood to be sane people without any mental illness and be promptly discharged. He was wrong. All were admitted with a diagnosis of schizophrenia (except for one, who was diagnosed with manic-depressive psychosis) and spent an average of 19 days, with some pseudo-patients staying as long as 52 days in the psychiatric hospital. Upon discharge, all but one left with the diagnosis of schizophrenia "in remission"; the remaining pseudo-patient carried a diagnosis of active schizophrenia. None of the professionals in the hospital, psychiatrists or nurses, realised that the patients were posing. On the other hand, nearly one third of the real patients at the hospital suspected that they were faking, thinking that they were journalists or researchers. The results were not a reflection of shortcomings at a particular hospital since 12 different hospitals - old and new, public and private - in five different American states had been tested. This prompted Rosenhan to try and find a reason for what he considered a failing in the mental health system. "Rosenhan reasoned that physicians in general are more likely to err on the side of caution" It appeared to him that everything the patients did was seen through the lens of their mental illness and even completely mundane activities were viewed as symptoms of the disease. In his article about the experiment, he notes "one psychiatrist pointed to a group of patients who were sitting outside the cafeteria entrance half an hour before lunchtime. To a group of young residents, he indicated that such behaviour was characteristic of the oral-acquisitive nature of the syndrome. It seemed not to occur to him that there were very few things to anticipate in a psychiatric hospital besides eating." Rosenhan refers to the "stickiness" of the mental illness diagnosis: once a person has been determined as insane, the label sticks to them forever. Everything they do, regardless of how rational, is viewed as part of their disease. The patients then lose any credibility. But this alone did not satisfy him and he looked for other possible causes. He reasoned that physicians in general are more likely to err on the side of caution: after all, it is better to misdiagnose a healthy person as sick than to fail to identify (and treat) an illness. To find out whether this was the cause of his findings, he ran a separate experiment. Most people believe the situations described in the Rosenhan experiment would not happen today One of the hospitals he and his colleagues had gained admittance to was informed of the experiment. The medical staff complained that they couldn’t be expected to disbelieve someone that came to them purporting to hear voices, and that the experiment hadn’t been fair. Rosenhan then gave them a chance to spot his posers, stating that he would be sending new pseudo-patients over the following three months to see whether the medical staff could detect them. After this period passed, the hospital triumphantly informed Rosenhan that over forty pseudo-patients had been identified. He hadn’t sent anyone. "One thing is certain", wrote Rosenhan about the results of both experiments, "any diagnostic process that lends itself so readily to massive errors of this sort cannot be a very reliable one." The study was vigorously criticised by mental health professionals on the grounds that it was not only unethical, but also inadequate. They compared it to a person drinking some blood and showing up at the emergency department of a hospital; a doctor would be expected to diagnose them quickly with a perforated ulcer, and this would not mean that medicine is incapable of proper diagnosis. "The hospital informed Rosenhan that over 40 pseudo-patients had been identified. He hadn’t sent anyone." Photo: iStock Psychiatry has experienced considerable progress in the last 40 years and guidelines now exist that are universally used and help with diagnosis. Most people believe the situations described in the Rosenhan experiment would not happen today. READ: how to provide better mental health services for young people However, the doubt persists. It is fair to say that there is significant overlapping in the behaviour of people considered sane and those diagnosed with mental illness. Insane people are not insane all the time, while mentally healthy people can often act unreasonably. Boundaries are a lot subtler than those found in other areas of medicine. The most enduring legacy of the Rosenhan experiment, though, could be the debate on the "stickiness" of mental health diagnoses, and how they can affect a person’s life. In Rosenhan’s words, "a diagnosis of cancer that has been found to be in error is cause for celebration. But psychiatric diagnoses are rarely found to be in error. The label sticks, a mark of inadequacy forever."
Learn About Right-to-Work Laws In which states do they apply? right to work Graphic designer working late at computer in office ••• Hero Images/Getty Images In the U.S., state right-to-work laws pertain to labor unions and workers at a company. Specifically, the right-to-work means that employees are entitled to work in unionized workplaces without actually joining the union or paying regular union dues. They may also cancel their union membership at any time, without losing their jobs. However, while they may voluntarily withdraw their membership from a union, they are still entitled to fair and equal union representation if they are part of a "bargaining unit" at the company—in other words, a group of employees who have similar work duties, share a workplace, and presumably have similar interests when it comes to wages, hours, and working conditions. Right-to-work laws essentially require unionized workplaces to become "open shops," where union membership is optional, in contrast to the traditional "closed shop," in which union membership in unionized workplaces is mandatory. While regular dues are not taken out of their paychecks, the right-to-work (nonunion) employees are still covered by the union. However, they might have to pay for the cost of the union representation if specific cases arise, such as pursuing grievances on their behalf. Although it sounds similar, the right-to-work principle is not the same as at-will employment, which means an employee can be terminated at any time without any reason, explanation, or warning. Nor is "right-to-work" a guarantee to work or a declaration that an employee is entitled to work. Right-to-Work History and Controversy Currently, no federal right-to-work law exists. A bill establishing one, the National Right-to-Work Act, was introduced in the House of Representatives on February 1, 2017, by two Republican congressmen, Steve King of Iowa and Joe Wilson of South Carolina, but it hasn't progressed since its introduction. In the Senate, Republican Sen. Rand Paul of Kentucky introduced a similar bill on February 14, 2019. As of September 2019, right-to-work laws exist solely on the state level. The Labor Management Relations Act of 1947, nicknamed the Taft-Hartley Act, allowed states to enact right-to-work laws. Taft-Hartley did not allow local jurisdictions (such as cities and counties) within a state to enact their own right-to-work legislation. Attempts to do so in states like Delaware and Illinois have been struck down. However, in 2016, the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals upheld the right of municipal governments to enact local right-to-work laws in Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio, and Tennessee. Despite an increasing number of states passing right-to-work laws in the 21st century, the issue remains controversial. Right-to-work proponents argue that it expands workers' rights—specifically, the right to decide to join a union. Opponents argue that right-to-work encourages freeloading because a worker can enjoy the advantages of union representation without paying dues. Others say right-to-work laws are a roundabout way for lawmakers to undermine unions as a whole, since right-to-work laws essentially deprive unions of revenue, membership numbers, and, ultimately, their bargaining power with management. Right-to-Work States As of 2019, 27 states have adopted right-to-work laws. They are: • Alabama • Arizona • Arkansas • Florida • Georgia • Idaho • Indiana • Iowa • Kansas • Kentucky • Louisiana • Michigan • Mississippi • Nebraska • Nevada • North Carolina • North Dakota • Oklahoma • South Carolina • South Dakota • Tennessee • Texas • Utah • Virginia • West Virginia (in February 2019, a judge declared right-to-work unconstitutional, likely sending the case to the state's Supreme Court of Appeals) • Wisconsin • Wyoming The U.S. territory of Guam also has right-to-work laws. Other states have similar legislation on their books. For example, New Hampshire's labor laws have a provision that prohibits any person from forcing another to join a union as a condition of employment. Additional Rulings and Rights The U.S. Supreme Court has ruled that collective bargaining agreements may not require workers to join unions. Collective bargaining agreements may only require nonmembers to pay the proven proportion of dues that unions spend to represent them. Nonmembers don't have to pay such costs until they are explained, and they may first challenge them. Note: The information in this article generally applies to private-sector employees. Different laws and court rulings might apply to workers in government, education, railway, airline, and similar workplaces. To find out more about your state's right-to-work law or a similar provision, or to explore your rights at the federal level, start by contacting your state's labor office.
Important Things You Need to Know About Tire Tread Tire tread has many different types, so the ability to grip the road, drainage and noise levels are also different. Here are the important things you need to know about tire tread. What is Tire Tread? Tires are the most critical component in a car. It is not only the part in direct contact with the road, but the tire is also a part that supports the entire weight of the vehicle. Tires are made up of tire cover, blades, burlap, and tread. You Need To Know About Tire Tread Tire tread is essential for all types of vehicle In there, tire treads are made of grooves of different shapes and depths. Tire treads are rubbing parts in direct contact with the road. So, they have a significant influence on the movement of the vehicle. When the car is moving on the road, the air is compressed between the grooves, and tire treads cause noise. It is because the tread groove is in contact with the road surface where the air is entrained and compressed between the gutters and the road surface. When the tire leaves off the road surface, compressed air bounces off the grooves that make noise. The noise of the tire increases if the tire is more easily drawn into the grooves. Such as block or lug tire treads can make more noise than the ribbed one. The frequency of noise will also increase in proportion to vehicle speed. Besides, in rainy conditions, the trench has the effect of pushing water on the road surface from the track, ensuring the contact of the tires with the road surface. For a more general view, the article will distinguish some types of car tire treads available on the market and their effects on the operation of the vehicle. Types of Tire Tread 1. Rib Shape The rib-shape treads have grooves running along with the tread (often called spikes). With small resistance, stability, and reasonable steering control due to sizeable horizontal traction, it is suitable for high-speed vehicles. However, this type of tire tread has the disadvantage of poor braking and acceleration. So, it is suitable for vehicles traveling on the tarmac, used for the front wheels of trucks or buses. 2. Lug Shape The lug-shape tread has trenches that run across the tread surface (commonly known as transverse spikes). It has good steering, strong braking ability, excellent grip, which is often used for truck and off-road vehicles. For large lugs, this type of tread is not suitable for high speeds due to noise and high drag. 3. Block Shape The tire has many treads of blocks with many interlocking grooves that are suitable for driving on snowy and wet roads thanks to its stability, driving ability, and optimal drainage. However, because the block-shape tire treads are smaller and closer to each other, it wears faster than the different types. Therefore, they are suitable for winter tires, or multi-season tires in passenger cars, which can be used as the rear wheel of Radial tires for ordinary vehicles. 4. Asymmetric Shape The asymmetric tread is often seen in high-performance tires or sports cars, because they show superior ability when turning at high speed due to the large contact area, reducing wear on the outside of the tire surface. 5. Rib-Lug Shape It is a type of tread pattern that is good for both asphalt and dirt roads, both for the front and rear wheels, commonly found in SUVs, with grooves running along and across the tread. The rib-shaped tire tread gives proper orientation, while the lug pattern on the cover enhances braking and steering. 6. Directional Shape The directional pattern has horizontal grooves, where both sides of the tire are facing in the same direction. The advantage of this form is the ability to drive and brake well, and good drainage means stability on wet roads, suitable for high speed running. Why Is Tire Tread Important for All Types of Vehicle? Tire tread is in direct contact with the road. The grooves of different tread shapes mainly push the water on the road surface out of the track to ensure the communication of the tire with the road surface. The groove is the usually zigzag form or diagonal backward in the rolling direction. The deeper the slot as much deformation and grip as possible, but the less mellow when rolling. Therefore, the tire with small tire tread is often used for cars rolling on the right roads (highways, city roads) to ensure the smoothness of the vehicle. Moreover, large tread pattern, deep trench, often used for trucks, cross-country cars and vehicles operating in snowy, muddy areas. Tire treads significantly affect the service life of tires, but not the only factor. According to car care and maintenance engineers, tire life is often affected by the following factors: Tire quality is the first-factor determining tire durability. Good or bad tires are shown by rubber material, metal fiber, layer structure and number of layers Load: Each tire has a different load index; exceeding this index is the cause of fast tire failure. Tire rotation: Turning cars will overcome uneven wear, thereby increasing tire life. Vehicle users can change the tire by firmly grasping the steps to rotate tires and align wheels. Tire pressure: Pressure significantly affects tire life, as shown by tire wear. Road conditions, weather temperature, etc. In addition to the maintenance issues after every 20,000 km of rolling, checking tire pressure must also follow the periodic rolling (about 60,000 km of rolling) periodically to ensure tire life. The owner should change the tire when the tired flower is worn to the prescribed limit to ensure the vehicle’s safe operation. Final Words Tire tread is an integral part of automobile tires, much affecting the movement of the vehicle. Each type of tire tread will meet different conditions of the road and the type of vehicle used. The article has shown essential things you need to know about tire tread. Please share your knowledge about this topic and comment below if you have any questions! Leave a Comment
Rochom lives in a small village in rural Cambodia. His community is extremely isolated; there are no government facilities nearby, and no primary schools within walking distance. As a result, most of the children in Rochom's village used to spend their time working on their families' farms. Most of the adults in his village are illiterate. They also don't speak Khmer, so even if the government built a school nearby, the children would not be able to understand their teachers. For a long time, education did not seem possible for this rural village. Determined to teach Rochom was adamant that the children in his community should have an education. In 2005, he started teaching the local children, holding lessons underneath his own house. As word of Rochom's classes spread, more and more children attended his makeshift school. Rochom had no learning resources or electricity to help him, but he was determined to teach. Building a school In 2010, UWS heard about Rochom's efforts and about the wish of the local people for their children to have an education. Our team witnessed the children who were determined to go to school, even if they had no books or pencils. We decided to build a place to learn and train more teachers to help Rochom. When the school was ready to open, Rochom was asked to be a teacher there. He underwent formal teacher training and was given a classroom equipped with whiteboards, stationery, and a library full of books. The school today Today, Rochom has been teaching at the school for 8 years and over 100 students attend his classes. Rochom enjoys teaching maths and Khmer most. Once students have a basic knowledge of these subjects, he says, they can go on to do anything. Rochom has seen this change firsthand. Over the past two years, 13 of his students have gone on to secondary school. To help them, UWS built a dormitory next to the nearest government secondary school. This school is too far for the children to walk to everyday, so the dormitory provides somewhere safe for students to stay during the week. Rochom hopes that more children will attend secondary school in the future, and maybe even university. Plus, girls in the village no longer have to stay at home and marry young. Their education has given them more choices. Education hasn't just affected Rochom's life, but those of his five children. His youngest son and three daughters all study at the UWS school in their village. His oldest son is 18 years old and spends the weekdays at the dormitory block, so he can attend secondary school. Rochom is so proud of his son and is excited for his future. Education has transformed their lives. Your support could fund more teachers like Rochom
For most heel strike runners, running is painful on the leg, especially the knees and the lower leg. But, sorry to disappoint heel strike runners further, but sural nerve pain may be another problem to worry about, among the other injuries related to this style of running. Sural Nerve Pain The sural nerve (shown below) runs down the back of the lower leg and becomes entrapped when posterior lower leg compartment pressures become too high, particularly during heel strike running because compressive impact forces are high. Sural Nerve Pain Anatomical drawing depicting the location of sural nerve. Source: Fabre et al. Chronic calf pain in athletes due to sural nerve entrapment (Fig 2). Amer J Sports Med, 2000, 28(5):679-682. The main symptom of sural nerve pain when running is chronic calf soreness which radiates to the foot because of pressure-induced entrapment of the sural nerve. This results in lower leg exertional compartment syndrome, a condition that is more common in heel strike runners than in forefoot runners. How Heel Strike Running May Cause Sural Nerve Pain Running with a heel strike exposes the lower leg to greater vertical force impact peaks, instantaneous loading rates, higher ground reaction forces, and higher peak tibial axial and shank accelerations compared to forefoot running. These heel strike-related forces take a toll on the legs simply because the lower leg did not evolve the capacity to dampen the braking forces of the moving trunk at heel strike during running. Think about it, if humans evolved a safe braking-system for running, heel strike runners would never encounter injuries, but statistically, they sustain more injuries than forefoot runners, and sural nerve pain can now be added to the long list of injuries related to heel strike running. Sural Nerve Pain Above, shows a forefoot strike landing where the foot and ankle position is near the knee at touchdown, which reduces braking and posterior compartment pressures of the lower leg. Sural Nerve Pain Above, shows a heel strike landing and how the foot and ankle is positioned ahead of the knee at touchdown, causing a high braking force which increases lower leg muscle compartment pressure and induces swelling and nerve entrapment. How Forefoot Running Helps One common approach to treat sural nerve pain is to run with a forefoot strike because the mechanics of this style of running encourages favorable torso and foot positions that reduce compressive pressure off the lower leg, so there is less chance of nerve entrapment in the lower leg because the surrounding tissues aren’t swelling because impact is very minimal. A study by Lieberman et al. reported that forefoot running reduced impact loads by reducing the effective mass on the lower leg, which caused the leg to have a less hostile response to touchdown as compared with heel strike running. How does forefoot running do this? • In forefoot running, ankle plantarflexion at touchdown helps reduce impact loading, meanwhile the knee flexes (i.e. softly bends) which helps absorb impact. • Allowing the body to slightly fall forward during forefoot running increases knee flexion as well. Collectively, there is a smoother transfer of body weight over the foot and lower leg in forefoot running which is consistently supported by empirical evidence that explains how forefoot running eliminates chronic exertional compartment syndrome in heel strike runners. The Take Home Message In running, most sural nerve entrapment injuries are pressure-induced and reducing compartment pressures is the most basic method to prevent pressures from engulfing the sural nerve. Forefoot running plucks out impact-related variables involved in exertional compartment syndrome by allowing favorable body positions that undercuts loading on the leg. More From Run Forefoot: Barefoot Running – Running barefoot daily keeps your forefoot running form strong, especially for when you run in shoes. Forefoot Running – Improve your running performance and protect yourself from injury. Minimalist Running Shoes – If you don’t want to run barefoot, you can run in running shoes that feel like you are almost barefoot! Xero Shoes – Great for summer running, and are easily customizable to fit comfortably to your unique foot structure. Clansley et al. Influence of tibial shock feedback training on impact loading and running economy. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 2014;DOI: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000182 Derrick TR. The effects of knee contact angle on impact forces and accelerations. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2004;36(5):832–7. Fabre et al. Chronic calf pain in athletes due to sural nerve entrapment. Amer J Sports Med, 2000, 28(5):679-682. Lieberman DE, Venkadesan M, Werbel WA, et al. Foot strike patterns and collision forces in habitually barefoot versus shod runners. Nature. 2010;463(7280):531–5. Visit Link
Diffuse map From polycount Jump to: navigation, search In games a Diffuse Map usually means the color texture. Also called an Albedo map. This map generally only represents the base colors. If diffuse is the only map being used, light, shadow and highlights can be used to simulate the effects of more complex shaders. In such shaders, less to no lighting information is present in the diffuse, because those effects come from the contribution of other map types, such as Specular maps and/or Normal maps. In offline rendering (movies, commercials, etc.) a diffuse map can mean a separate effect from a color map, where it controls the spread of any light that is being reflected off the surface. Personal tools
11 Simple Steps To Become Fiscally Responsible fiscally responsible growing money As we get older and take on the responsibility of managing a household’s finances, we realize we need to balance a budget properly and with long-term goals in mind. However, achieving fiscal responsibility proves more difficult than expected for most people, and many people don’t have the knowledge to make the right decisions. In this article, we will cover: • What is Fiscal Responsibility? • Why Fiscal Responsibility Matters • Political Viewpoints and Fiscal Responsibility • 11 Steps To Become Fiscally Responsible What Is Fiscal Responsibility? Fiscal responsibility refers to the thoughtful management of finances, on any scale, including: However, fiscal responsibility generally refers to making good decisions that affect the larger picture. Of course, every person’s personal financial decisions play a role. Someone who makes fiscally responsible decisions finds ways to avoid overspending. They also create a budget process that leaves plenty of room for emergencies and unexpected expenses. Finally, they set themselves up for long-term success instead of temporary success. Saving money today can mean spending more later. Ultimately, a fiscally responsible person or business stays on top of the books and manages to keep themselves in a safe position to handle whatever comes their way in the future and leave the most to the future generations as possible. 👉Join 10,000+ Subscribers Learn helpful tips to get out of debt and build wealth! We won't send you spam. Unsubscribe at any time. Why Fiscal Responsibility Matters why fiscal responsibility matters logo on blue background When someone makes the first decisions regarding their business, they will find a lot of benefits. Benefits of fiscal responsibility include: Save Money Short-Term You can save money in the short term by examining your finances and pinpointing areas where you may be spending too much. You can also save money in the short term by staying on top of your current credit to get the best interest rates possible and lowering your monthly bills. Save Money Long-Term You can save money in the long term by making decisions that lead to future savings or more income. For example, you can save money down the road by buying energy-efficient appliances or using heavy-duty building materials for your home. Create a Flexible Budget You need a budget that allows you to save a little bit of money each month. You will need this money when you don’t have as much income or run into an emergency. This will ensure you don’t need to worry about late fees or find an emergency fund when the time comes. Support Future Financial Health When you act fiscally responsible, you help encourage the people and businesses around you to do the same thing. When people need help, they often turn to the government and end up depleting valuable resources necessary for the advancement of the overall economy. Political Viewpoints And Fiscal Responsibility political viewpoints and fiscally responsibility “I’m not really conservative. I’m conservative on certain things. I believe in less government. I believe in fiscal responsibility and all those things that maybe Republicans used to believe in but don’t anymore.” ~ Clint Eastwood Most people associate the conservative party, the Republican Party, with fiscal responsibility. This comes from the tendency to expect citizens to take care of their own finances instead of relying on the government to support them via unemployment, welfare, social security, and other financial assistance programs. However, some reports claim Democrats are the true party of fiscal responsibility One area parties disagree with is health care insurance. Many Democrats believe the government should cover health care costs for the American people, but many Republicans argue it costs too much. In addition, the Republicans don’t want to add to the already excessive national debt level, while Democrats argue the expense will keep people healthy and able to work. Ultimately, anyone can contribute toward a fiscally responsible household and society, despite their political leanings. Instead of dividing the label down party lines, it can provide better results to clarify which politicians have intentions to make the entire country financially stable or just themselves. Fiscal Responsibility Around The World Most Americans consider the United States the wealthiest and most economically stable country in the world. However, that perception doesn’t match most findings. While not struggling by any means, America does owe a substantial amount of debt and doesn’t show the same resilience as some other countries. All countries will undergo some sort of recession at some point. How quickly they can bounce back plays a significant role in their financial standing and future growth. The most resilient economies in the world are as follows: • Norway • Denmark • Switzerland • Germany • Finland For the record, these countries tend to fall on the more liberal side of the political spectrum. 11 Steps To Become Fiscally Responsible steps to become fiscally responsible Knowledge equals power. Learn these tips for how to become fiscally responsible so that you can apply them to your own personal and business finances. 1. Stay On Top Of Your Finances First and foremost, you need to take an active interest in your finances. Start by examining your current income and compare it to what you spend every month. Take note of due dates and set reminders to prevent paying anyone late and incurring late fees. Next, look for any red flags that stand out to you, such as an exceptionally high cellphone or electricity bill. When you spot this, you can look for ways to reduce the monthly bill. It would be best if you also stayed on top of all loans and credit card debt. For example, do you know which card has the highest interest rate? Can you avoid high-interest debt by transferring the balance to a card with a lower interest rate? Look into your options to make things as simple as possible. Also, avoid using the cards with the highest spending level limits. Finally, you should pay close attention to your credit score. When you have a high credit score, you can get a lower interest rate on any loans in the future. A lower interest rate not only means potentially lower bills every month but also a lower total repayment amount. 2. Design Your Budget To Save Everyone has more expenses than they would like every month. However, you need to pay your bills. You also need to develop a financial safety net. Lower your expenses every month to ensure you have the ability to save. You can lower your monthly expenses by making minor changes in your daily routine. For example, instead of paying for lunch every day, try making your lunch. You can also limit the amount of money you spend on going to bars, entertainment, and vacations. This doesn’t mean that you can’t ever enjoy yourself. However, you want to limit the amount you spend on recreation and luxuries. You can also reduce your monthly expenses by downsizing some of your daily items. For example, can you live in a smaller apartment or home? Can you buy chicken instead of steak at the grocery store? Do you need premium television channels and multiple streaming services? Look for ways to downgrade. 3. Get Adequate Insurance Insurance saves people when something unexpected happens. You probably have health insurance, car insurance, and homeowner’s or renter’s insurance. Many people also have life insurance to cover the expenses of funeral costs. You will also need insurance if you have a small business. All insurance saves you money. Instead of lowering your insurance plans to save money every month, you need to ensure you have adequate insurance for whatever may happen. If you skimp on insurance, you will end up paying more out of pocket in the case of an accident. Of course, this doesn’t mean you should overpay, either. Verify you have adequate coverage on all of the things that matter most to you. You will pay more each month, but the insurance payments will pay off when you need to file a claim. You can also look into bundling insurance, which can help you save money in many cases. Finally, talk to your insurance company about any other ways to save. For example, you may qualify for a safe driver discount or a senior discount on your automobile insurance. Be careful to read all of the fine print on the insurance policy you select. Then, when examining your policy, look for ways to adjust it so that you get the most appropriate coverage for the lowest rates without paying for things you don’t need. 4. Increase Income Ultimately, you probably need to generate enough income to support yourself and the other people or responsibilities you have. For many people, this means increasing their monthly income. You can increase your monthly income by putting in more hours at work, especially if you get paid hourly. You can also spruce up your resume and look for a better position. Of course, you don’t want to quit until you find something that pays better, and you need to consider how often you switch jobs since many employers appreciate loyalty. Finally, look into other streams of income. Some potential income jobs include: • Driving for rideshare companies • Selling goods • Serving/Bartending • Freelancing • Babysitting The bottom line is that the more you work, the more money you will see in your bank account. So don’t sit on the couch and complain – get busy and make money instead! 5. Get Professional Assistance If you aren’t necessarily the best with finances, you should enlist the help of people who make a living by managing finance. Hire an accountant and financial planner to help you create something out of the numbers and make the best decisions moving forward. They can point out anything they see as financially risky and put you in a place where you feel at peace with your financial situation and your bank account. 6. Diversify Investments top budget categories If you made the decision to invest in the stock market, you could come out on top if you made some wise selections. However, you can also find yourself losing money if you invest in the wrong company. To minimize the damages, you should diversify your investments. Essentially, this means that you will put your money into multiple different companies so that if one files bankruptcy, you still have some of your money protected. You also want to look for low-risk investment options with companies with proven long-term financial stability. 7. Shop Around Some people hate shopping. These people may make the mistake of buying what they need from the first person they find selling it. Take the time to shop around before making a purchasing decision. Y ou will save a lot of money by simply comparing your options, especially when it comes to big-ticket items or something you will pay for every month. You don’t need to take up too much of your time. Instead, pick 3 – 4 options and make a selection. Remember that you don’t always want to go with the cheapest option but the option that provides the most value. 8. Plan For Upcoming Expenses It would help if you considered the expenses you will likely run into in the future and fit them into your budget as early as possible. For example, if you have children, you need to create a college fund for them as a baby. This way, you won’t feel overwhelmed when they reach their teen years and ask for help with tuition. A retirement fund would also be beneficial. You can also do this on a smaller scale for vacations or work on your house. Responsible people plan and save for the expenses early on. You should also still leave room in your balanced budget for a savings account. These specialized expenses should fall into a separate savings category. Thinking long-term by investing in retirement accounts so you have plenty of retirement income even in an economic downturn is essential to being fiscally responsible. Keep in mind, as you get older, medical expenses can also increase so be sure to plan ahead for these spending necessities. 9. Avoid Borrowing You want to avoid borrowing money as often as possible. When you borrow, you put yourself in a position of paying more due to the interest that will accumulate. If possible, you should pay for things out of pocket. Some items, such as a house, require a loan most of the time, but you can always put down a large deposit. If you run into an essential expense that you can’t afford, pay as much as you can to reduce the amount you have to borrow. You also want to avoid borrowing from friends and family as much as possible. This type of outstanding debt can lead to contention if you struggle to pay them back in a timely manner, and they will have something to hold over your head. Fiscal responsibility has a lot to do with independence, so cover what you can and save for the rest. Avoid borrowing money you can’t pay back to avoid a long-term debt problem. 10. Go Green Many people want to help save the planet. That’s a great cause, and we should all encourage environmentally-friendly efforts as long as they don’t interfere with jobs or cost more than we can spend. The good news is that many green efforts also help promote fiscal responsibility. When you decide to use environmentally friendly appliances in your home, you reduce your carbon footprint while saving money on utility bills every month. It’s a win-win situation. Just keep in mind that some efficient appliances may cost more upfront. You can also save money by switching to paperless transactions wherever possible instead of printing and filing paperwork unnecessarily. 11. Make Long-Term Decisions When you want to be fiscally responsible, you need to consider the long-term financial impacts of your decisions. This refers to both consumer decisions as well as personal decisions. For example, avoid wasteful spending by making purchases that give you great value. This means you won’t need to replace them over and over again. Another way to focus on long-term growth financially is to invest in yourself on occasion. People with a college degree make significantly more than people without one (on average). Look into your options about going back to school. Yes, you may inquire some student loan debt but it can lead to more income down the road. If you run a small business, you may need to invest in your company to generate more sales. Look into what marketing techniques provide the best return on your investment. It would help if you also looked into what equipment can help you run things more efficiently, saving you money in operational costs. Wrapping It Up Now that you know how to be fiscally responsible, you need to make some changes where necessary. For example, it would be best to use splurges as a reward for reaching specific financial goals instead of making them a part of everyday life. Then, when you see yourself achieving your primary goal, you will enjoy your reward but come back ready to work harder and do even better. We all have a responsibility to contribute toward economic growth, and it starts at home by managing your own finances. Hopefully, politicians will learn how to do the same.
Segmented Controls Overview NSSegmentedControl is a subclass of NSControl that implements a horizontal control made of multiple segments. It provides a compact means of grouping together a number of controls, as shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 A segmented control in Mail An example of a segmented control Segments may contain text, images, and menus. One of the simplest applications of a segmented control is its use as a compact alternative to a group of radio buttons. Here, the user makes a single selection from a number of options. In a more complex example, segments can be independently selected or have associated menus. NSSegmentedControl has these features: A segmented control’s appearance and behavior are controlled by the class NSSegmentedCell. Most NSSegmentedCell methods have covers in NSSegmentedControl, which simply call the NSSegmentedCell equivalent. For more information, see the NSSegmentedCell Class Reference and NSSegmentedControl Class Reference class specifications. Basic Configuration A segmented control requires some basic configuration. You must specify its tracking mode—the way in which selections are handled; how many segments it contains; and, optionally, the width of each segment. Segmented controls support three different tracking modes: You can configure a segmented control programatically or using Interface Builder. In Cocoa, the tracking mode is set using an NSSegmentedCell method. Since connections are usually made to the control that contains the cell, you typically have to access the cell first and then send the message, if you are setting the tracking mode programmatically. Text Labels and Images You can set a text label (title) or image independently for each segment. By default, each segment autosizes to fit its contents. If you want to ensure a fixed size—perhaps with each segment the same width—you must set the width of each segment individually. In this case it is up to you to ensure that each segment is wide enough for its contents. If a segment is too narrow for its contents, text is truncated and images are clipped. A segment can have a menu; you can configure this menu programatically or in Interface Builder. You then set the menu for a segment programatically, using the setMenu:forSegment: method. You typically set a menu together with a label or an image. If you do not specify either, the segment remains blank, although the menu will appear when the user clicks on it.
Find the word definition The Collaborative International Dictionary Jowl \Jowl\ (joul or j[=o]l), n. [For older chole, chaul, AS. ceaft jaw. Cf. Chaps.] The cheek; the jaw. [Written also jole, choule, chowle, and geoule.] Cheek by jowl, with the cheeks close together; side by side; in close proximity. ``I will go with thee cheek by jole.'' --Shak. `` Sits cheek by jowl.''
How are corn kernels made? Each kernel is made up of a plant embryo, a starchy endosperm that feeds the embryo, and a hard exterior called the bran or hull. And within each kernel is a small droplet of water – the key to its”pop”. As heat is applied to the dried kernels, the droplet of water converts to steam, and pressure begins to build. How do you get popcorn kernels from corn? Once the plant is fully mature, the corn is picked and fed through a combine, which removes the kernels from the cob. These kernels are then dried in a special container, which optimizes the moisture level for popping. The kernel needs to maintain around a 14% moisture level in order for it to pop. Do the popcorn kernels come from? Popcorn, like all six types of corn, is a cereal grain and originates from a wild grass. Its scientific name is Zea mays everta, and it is the only type of corn to actually pop. Popcorn is made up of three main components: endosperm, germ and the pericarp (also known as hull or bran). Is popcorn really corn? Popcorn is actually a special variety of corn, and it is the only one that pops. The key to popcorn is the unique design of its kernels. Most importantly, its kernel consists of a very hard, mostly nonporous outer shell called pericarp. Did the Aztecs invent popcorn? Do humans eat field corn? Which country invented popcorn? History. Corn was domesticated about 10,000 years ago in what is now Mexico. Archaeologists discovered that people have known about popcorn for thousands of years. What country eats the most popcorn? The United States 1. The United States Remains at the Top of the List. First, it should come as no surprise that the United States is still one of the top countries in the world when it comes to overall popcorn consumption. Is a corn kernel a seed? Each kernel of corn is actually a seed that, like most seeds, contains an embryo (a baby plant) and a seed coat for protection. … The sweet corn seed was easy to split, while the popcorn seed required more pressure. Both contain starch and water, though in different amounts due to how they’re grown and harvested. Why popcorn is bad for you? Premade popcorn often contains a high level of salt, or sodium. Eating too much sodium can cause high blood pressure and lead to other health complications. Some brands also include a lot of sugar. Added butter, sugar, and salt can make popcorn an unhealthful snack. Why microwave popcorn is bad? Microwave popcorn has also been linked to a serious lung disease called popcorn lung. Diacetyl, a chemical used to give microwave popcorn its buttery flavor and aroma, is linked to severe and irreversible lung damage when inhaled in large amounts. … Hundreds of workers were diagnosed with this disease, and many died. Who invented kettle corn? Others say it actually originated in Germany and arrived in the United States through German immigrants. Still others say it came from the Dutch who settled in Pennsylvania. In any case, you’ll often find kettle corn featured at Civil War reenactments, an indication that it was a popular snack in the mid-1800s. Is popcorn healthier than chips? Because of popcorn’s high fiber content, its low calorie count and its low energy density, popcorn is considered to be a food that can aid in weight loss. For example, popcorn has been shown to make people feel fuller than a similar calorie amount of potato chips. Is microwave popcorn bad for you 2021? Due to the removal of diacetyl and other chemicals, microwave popcorn no longer appears to be damaging to your health. … In addition, many of the ingredients used (emulsifiers, trans fats, and artificial flavoring) are not optimal for nutrition or health. Does popcorn make you poop? Air-popped popcorn is a good choice for a high-fiber snack that can help provide relief from constipation. A filling 3 cups of air-popped popcorn contains 3.5 g fiber, and less than 100 calories. How healthy are Pringles? Which is healthier peanuts or popcorn? Popcorn Versus Other Snacks Potato chips average 150 calories per cup, traditional Chex Mix has 240 calories per cup and dry-roasted peanuts have a whopping 850 calories per cup. Popcorn is clearly the better choice if you’re counting calories. Popcorn also scores in terms of volume. Which is healthier popcorn or nachos? The Winner: Nachos! If you planned for the treat and split it with your movie date, you won’t walk away with too much damage. However, the medium popcorn from the theater packs more than 1,100 calories and an artery-clogging 90 grams of fat (138% of your daily value). What is the healthiest chip? 8 Best Healthy Chips 1. Barnana pink salt plantain chips. Price: $ … 2. Jackson’s Honest sweet potato chips. Price: $ … 3. Safe + Fair olive oil and sea salt popcorn quinoa chips. Price: $ … 4. Lesser Evil Paleo Puffs. Price: $ … 5. Made in Nature Veggie Pops. … 6. Siete tortilla chips. … 7. Brad’s veggie chips. … 8. Forager Project grain-free greens chips. Are Doritos good for you? Verdict: Bad news for fans of the humble corn chip – Doritos are the classic crisps to share with mates but with over 200 calories for a 48g grab bag they are notably high in calories and fat. They also have high sodium levels – again, one best left on the supermarket shelf. Are Crispers healthy? The difference is that Crispers were never marketed as a healthy snack. … The new cracker chips do meet many people’s criteria for healthy snacks because, while high in carbohydrates, they’re low in calories, fat, sugar and sodium. Are Baked Lays bad for you? Baked Lays tend to have less calories and fat as the fried variety, but do still contain a considerable amount of fat and sodium. They should be enjoyed sparingly if you are trying to lose weight or maintain a healthy weight. What can I snack on instead of chips? 6 Better-for-You Alternatives to Chips and Crackers • Kale Chips. We’re not going to argue that kale chips are an exact replica of the treasured potato chip. … • Mixed Nuts. … • Homemade Sweet Potato Chips. … • Carrot Slices. … • Air-Popped Popcorn. … • Cucumber Slices. What snacks does Canada have that America doesn t? They were first conceived in the 1980s when Hostess rolled out a series of grape-, orange-, and cherry-flavored potato chips that, to no one’s surprise, were an astounding failure. The chip team went back to the drawing board and focused all their efforts into the underappreciated tomato, and ketchup chips were born.
Pregnancy Warnings Drug Abuse In Pregnancy and its Effect on the Newborn Pregnancy is a special physiological condition where drug treatment presents a special concern because the physiology of pregnancy affects the pharmacokinetics of medications used and certain medications can reach the fetus and cause harm. Available data indicate that more than 50% of pregnant women take prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter) drugs or use social drugs (such as tobacco and alcohol) or illicit drugs at some time during pregnancy, and the use of drugs during pregnancy is increasing. In general, drugs should not be used during pregnancy unless necessary because many can harm the fetus. Less than 2 to 3% of all birth defects result from drugs that are taken to treat a disorder or symptom. Drug abuse represents a more serious social problem than drug dependence, as it involves a greater variety of substances and because it can occur in the absence of dependence. From prescription drugs and over-the-counter medications to street drugs and alcohol, virtually any drug can be abused. While illicit drugs like heroin and cocaine are abused any time they are used, prescription drugs are abused whenever they are used in a manner other than as intended, or by someone other than to whom they were prescribed. What are the effects of drug abuse on the newborn? Drugs that a pregnant woman abuses can affect the fetus in 3 principal ways, this can include: They can act directly on the fetus causing damage or abnormal development leading to birth defects or death. They can also alter the function of the placenta usually by constricting blood vessels and reducing the blood supply of oxygen and nutrients to the fetus from the mother and thus resulting in a baby that is underweight and underdeveloped. They can cause the muscles of the uterus to contract forcefully; indirectly injuring the fetus by reducing the blood supply or triggering pre-term labor and delivery. FDA Categorization Of Drugs For Use In Pregnancy AAdequate, well-controlled studies in pregnant women have not shown an increased risk of fetal abnormalities. BAnimal studies have revealed no evidence of harm to the fetus; however, there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Or CAnimal studies have shown an adverse effect and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Or DStudies, adequate well-controlled or observational, in pregnant women have demonstrated a risk to the fetus. However, the benefits of therapy may outweigh the potential risk. XStudies, adequate well-controlled or observational, in animals or pregnant women have demonstrated positive evidence of fetal abnormalities. The use of the product is contraindicated in women who are or may become pregnant. Commonly Used Drugs In Pregnancy and Their Categories Analgesics and AntipyreticsB and C Phenacetin B AntiemeticsB and C Doxylamine B Meclizine B Cyclizine B Dimenhydrinate B AntibioticsB, C, and D Penicillin, Ampicillin, Amoxycillin, B Cloxacillin Cephalosporins B Erythromycin B Gentamicin C Streptomycin D Sulphonamides B/D Tetracyclines D Anti TB DrugsB and C Ethambutol B Rifampicin C Pyrazinamide C B,C,D,E,folic acid A Thyroxin A Androgens X Estrogens X Hydroxyprogestrone D Medroxyprogestrone D Norethindrone X Norgestrel X Bronchodilators C Medications Contraindicated In Pregnancy Vitamin A and its derivatives include isotretinein, accutane, and etretinate.Significant risk of spontaneous abortion and risk of many significant anomalies. ACE inhibitorsMay cause kidney damage in the fetus when used in II and III trimesters, decrease in the amount of amniotic fluid, and deformities of the face, limbs, and lungs. Anticoagulants- warfarinUse during the I trimester produces defects like nasal hypoplasia and a depressed nasal bridge; termed as Fetal warfarin Syndrome. Use during II and III trimesters is associated with an increased risk of fetal malformations. – HeparinSafe but if taken for long time osteoporosis and a decrease in the number of platelets in pregnant women occurs. Estrogen and AndrogensGenital tract malformations. Thyroid preparations- MethimazoleOveractive and enlarged Thyroid gland CarbimazoleOveractive and enlarged Thyroid gland Radioactive iodineUnderactive Thyroid gland in fetus CarbamazepineRisk of birth defects Phenytoin, PhenobarbitoneThe bleeding problems in the newborn can be prevented if a pregnant woman takes Vit. K by mouth every day for a month before delivery or if the newborn baby is given an injection of Vit. K soon after birth. Risk of birth defects. TrimethadioneIncreased risk of miscarriage in the women Sodium valproateIncreased risk of birth defects in the fetus; including a cleft palate and abnormalities of the heart, face, skull, hands, or abdominal organs. Antidepressants– LithiumBirth defects (mainly of the heart), lethargy, decreased muscle tone, under activity of the Thyroid gland, and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus in the newborn. Ebstein’s anomaly (tricuspid valve malformation) has been reported in a number of fetuses exposed to this drug. Aspirin and other SalicylatesDelay in the start of labor, premature closing of ductus arteriosus, jaundice, brain damage in the fetus, and bleeding problems in the woman during and after delivery and in the newborn. Antibiotics– TetracyclineSlowed bone growth, permanent yellowing of the teeth, and increased susceptibility to cavities in the body. ChloramphenicolGray Baby Syndrome. CiprofloxacinPossibility of joint abnormalities (seen in animals) Kanamycin and StreptomycinDamage to fetus’s ear resulting in deafness (risk of ototoxicity) SulfonamidesJaundice and brain damage in newborn Antineoplastic agents- BusulfanBirth defects such as less than expected growth before birth, underdevelopment of the lower jaw, cleft palate, abnormal development of skull bones, spinal defects, ear defects, and club foot. Oral Hypoglycemic drugsA very low level of sugar in the blood of newborns. Inadequate control of diabetes in the pregnant woman List of recreational drugs that can affect your pregnancy and your baby There are several recreational drugs that can also affect your baby during pregnancy, they include: Ecstasy (MDMA): Ecstasy is absorbed into the bloodstream and is transferred across the placenta to the baby. One study has shown that heavy MDMA use in pregnancy is associated with poorer mental and motor development in infants at 12 months old. There is also some evidence to suggest that it can lead to an increased risk of the baby having birth defects. However, this is limited research and we do not know for sure. Cannabis (marijuana,): Experts don’t know exactly what harm cannabis causes during pregnancy because it is often used with other drugs, such as tobacco and alcohol, so it’s difficult to separate the effects. The combination can cause growth restriction (your baby not growing properly), baby being born too early (prematurely), and having breathing and feeding problems when born. MCAT: The So-called ‘legal highs’ (they are not legal) are drugs that are created chemically. As they are relatively new, there is very little research about them and their effects on pregnancy. It is thought that they have effects similar to that of ecstasy and crack cocaine. Cocaine and speed: Cocaine (including crack cocaine) and methamphetamine (speed, or ice) are powerful stimulants that affect the central nervous system. Using these drugs during pregnancy may affect your baby’s growth and puts you at higher risk of miscarriage, early labor, and placental abruption, where the placenta comes away from the wall of the womb, causing bleeding and potentially serious problems for you and your baby. These drugs also cross the placenta and are absorbed by the baby. They reach the baby’s heart, brain, and other organs. If these drugs are taken late in pregnancy, your baby may be born with these in their system and have to go through withdrawal after birth. Shaking, muscle spasms and problems with sleeping and feeding are all signs that your baby is coming off these drugs. Back to top button Adblock Detected Please consider supporting us by disabling your ad blocker
Walking into MIT can feel like entering a foreign country—one with a number for every building and an unwieldy acronym for every organization. Deeper conversations are even more opaque, as fields and subfields command their own complex scientific argot. But if the COVID-19 pandemic has taught us anything, it’s that bridging the gap between scientists and their wider society is more important than ever. The School of Engineering Communication Lab, in partnership with the MIT Libraries, is working to bridge that communications gap and help research scientists translate their findings for lay audiences in a series of talks called “Science Snippets”. “A lot of our work is scientist-to-scientist communication, such as invited talks, poster presentation, thesis defenses, etc., but I also have experience in teaching researchers to communicate with lay audiences,” says Deanna Montgomery, the manager of the EECS Communication Lab and the mastermind behind the “Science Snippets” talks and related IAP workshop. “There are skills that overlap, but we wanted to focus on outreach: how do we get outside MIT and the ivory tower?”… click to continue reading
The cart is empty • Top banner Nis-Spec 1st Ltd • FM top banner featured ad 3 Car Wheels - The Jewel Of Your Car. Classification and Common Issues We are sure you take car wheels as a pretty straightforward invention, right? Surprisingly, they are not! While wheels might be the easiest car component to understand, there is nothing simple about them at all. A lot of research has gone into finding the strongest and lightest manufacturing material for your wheels, and as a result, this car part has undergone massive innovation over the years. In this blog, we will explain the main parts of the car wheels. I will also explain various types of wheels, how companies manufacture, and common issues with them. But first, the basics. Wheels are like shoes in your car. The more well-built and compatible they are with your vehicle, the better they will run. They control many of the aspects of your car’s functioning. A good set of car wheels will help you handle your car better and improve fuel efficiency. They are also one of the major modifications you can make to your automobile. Parts of car wheels: Car wheels have three main parts: 1. Tyre: The tyre is the ring-shaped outer covering of a wheel. It is the first thing you notice when you look at a wheel. The tyre is an air-filled rubber ring (called a tread or track) that provides protection and support to the wheel rim. It also absorbs shock and keeps the car safe while driving on bumpy roads and terrains. The tread of the tyre has notches and groves called the tread pattern. This pattern increases friction between the tyre and the ground, in addition to, helping direct water and other dirt away from the wheel. The modern pneumatic tyre you see on your car came into existence about 70 years ago. Before this, tyres were rings of solid rubber that did not provide any cushioning. Tyres come in varied sizes, and to find which one is suitable for your car, you should check the glove box, fuel tank hatch, or inside of your door. You could also know by just checking the tyres currently attached to your vehicle by reading the size on them. 2. Rim: The rims are like the skeleton of the car wheels, and its key purpose is to give form to it. Since rims withhold the load of a car, good ones are made from durable material. Rims come in various styles, so you have the option to change them for a more stylish look. Old-generation cars would have tubes inserted between the rim and the tyre, which would hold the air. Modern wheels, you see today, function differently. They just hold the air between the rim and the tyre. For this reason, the rim and tyre are properly attached to prevent air leakages. 3. Hub: The hub is the part of the wheel that the rim connects with. It has the callipers, rotors, and brake pads, which attach to the axle, help the car move, and stop. The central bore has a removable cap on the outside of the wheel, which covers the inner mechanics. Some recent car wheels designs have spokes that connect the rim to the hub. These spokes add style and structural integrity to the car wheel. Car wheels classification: We classify wheels based on several factors such as material, constriction, and assembly. Classification according to the material: 1. Steel: Steel wheels were standard for a long time. They were easy to press out of billet steel, and manufacturers could get a sturdy wheel for a low price. The downside of these car wheels is that they are extremely heavy. Steel wheel - Mercedes Benz - Vintage car 2. Alloy: These wheels are either a mixture of Aluminium and Nickel or Magnesium and Nickel. Alloy car wheels offer the same durability as steel wheels but weigh lesser. Initially, alloys were costly, but production costs are now much lower, and that made these wheels a new standard. Alloy wheel - AMG - Mercedes Benz 3. Carbon: Carbon wheels are the latest of these innovations. They weigh even less than alloys yet have the same tensile strength. Unfortunately, carbon car wheels are extremely pricey and are common in sports cars. Carbon wheel - Sport Car - Ferrari Classification according to construction: There are many types of wheel construction, but only two are commonplace: 1. Cast: Wheel casting involves pouring molten metal into a mould, which hardens as it cools down. There are two casting methods; the first is gravity casting, in which manufacturers simply pour molten metal into a mould. The other type is low-pressure casting, where the metal gets pushed into the cast quickly and under pressure. The latter removes air bubbles, which could weaken the structure of your car wheels. 2. Forged: In forging, a single piece of metal gets heated and bent into shape using an enormous amount of force. The design is then cut into the block resulting in a very robust and good-looking wheel. This method is the better of the two because it reduces the grain size of the metal, thereby making them stronger and finer. Classification according to assembly: You’ve probably heard the terms “one-piece,” “two-piece,” and “three-piece” car wheels. The terms refer to the assembly style of a wheel. 1. One-Piece Wheel: These have only their main wheel and face construction, so their assembly is very simple. 2. Two-Piece Wheel: Two-piece wheels have two parts: the face and the barrel. Both these connect via bolts that go all around the wheel. These car wheels let race car drivers change bits of the wheel by still using the same mould. 3. Three-Piece Wheel: The extra piece in a three-piece wheel is a removable front lip. These wheels are also referred to as split rims, and you can customize them to suit your preferences. Common issues: Manufacturers create wheels with durability in mind. However, they are not completely immune to damage. The following are some of the most common issues you will face with your car wheels. Misaligned Wheels: Your car wheels can lose their alignment due to extreme usage or a collision. The most common tell-tale sign of misaligned wheels is the car pulling to one side or the other. Wear and Tear: Like any other car parts, wheels can also wear out due to usage. Moreover, wear in the suspension or replacement of any part in it can lead to misaligned car wheels. Bent rims: Steel and alloy wheels can bend with even a light hit to the curb. Steel wheels are easy to fix, but alloy car wheels need more skill. Bent rims will affect your ability to handle the car and might lead to air leakages. Mercedes Benz - Damaged alloy wheels Parts shop - different types of car wheels on the shelve Car wheels are a jewel of your car. You can change them to make your vehicle look better or upgrade them to improve your driving experience. In fact, wheel mods are the first ones that any petrolhead will engage in after buying a new car. Wheels types and styles are based on the material they are made of, their production process, and how they are assembled. While car wheels are quite sturdy, you could still encounter a few issues with them along the way. Some of the most common ones are bent wheel rims, and wheel alignment issues due to various reasons. Do not ignore these issues, find local garages to check your car wheels and take appropriate action at the right time to stay safe on the road.
Continuous News Stories (Case Studies) Fri, Feb 12, 2016 What is a Continuous Story? A continuous news package is one that is told linearly with a beginning, middle, and end. It is not designed to be consumed out of order, or if it is, the experience is very directed. Given the nature of continuous stories, they tend to be narrative in nature, meaning they have a more traditional story arc. Traditional story arc Traditional story arc. While not all continuous packages are like this, many are. A narrative arc isn’t a prerequisite for the continuous category. But if the story lacks a narrative, then it usually still follows a single train of thought through the piece. Continuous stories are generally lead by one central media form that drives the package. This could be text, video, or graphics. Einstein’s Camera (Example of a text-driven piece) Einsteins Camera This Matter story titled Eintein’s Camera covers a story of a photographer who composites multiple images together into these motion mosaics. His photo projects are a key element to the story. It’s hard to argue that not seeing his videos would be detrimental to the story, and Matter did a good job of integrating video snippets of his projects as parts of the text. The story works through elements about how Magyar manufactures his own devices to capture on medium format gear to generate super high-resolution imagery, showing both Officer Involved (Example of data-driven piece) Officer Involved Southern California Public Radio called Officer Involved The piece tells a story with graphics, but leads you through a single narrative, told mostly with text and data graphics. The piece is a companion to a collection of stories on the topic, and was designed to engage readers with shorter, concise story elements. Hopes of a Generation Ride on Indian Vote (Example of a photo-driven piece) Hopes of a Generation Ride on Indian Vote In this New York Times piece about the run-up to the Indian election was very photo driven, interpolated with text snippets about the reporter’s experience speaking to people about their hopes and dreams. The intention of the piece wasn’t to have a text narrative, but rather to explore the “scenes” just before the Indian election. The text becomes secondary, with short anecdotes and quotes from sources. America Elect (Example of a graphics-driven piece) America Elect America Elect was done by The Guardian as a way to perform a story in the style of a graphic novel, and giving the same feel as one would reading a comic book. It tells the story of the 2012 U.S. Presidential Election. The movement of the pieces are tied to the scrolling of the page, so different elements pop in-and-out of view at various points in time, and help direct the eye in the same fashion as a graphic novel would. Alma: A Tale of Violence (Example of a video-driven piece) Alma Tale of Violence In Alma: Tale of Violence, the production company Arte Americas wanted to create a more interactive element to what would normally be a lean-back experience. The piece is a gripping video interview with Alma, a former Guatemalan gang member, as she describes how she killed another woman with a screwdriver as part of her initiation. The story goes on to describe how she tried to leave the gang when she learned she was pregnant, and was shot and paralyzed as a result. The entire 40-minute interview is captivating, which presents the challenge of how to show it? Would viewers want to stare at someone talking for that long? The producers chose to make the b-roll (background video) as an optional element for the viewer, rather than force it over the subject. Giving the user the choice allows them to simply sit and watch Alma, or explore and see scenes of Guatemala as she describes her story. Techniques for telling continuous Stories Telling a continuous story requires careful attention to the reader’s train of thought and how they are consuming the story. Given that the medium of the Web (the the devices that are used to consume stories) are very distracting, it becomes important to use multimedia in a way that keeps the attention span of the reader. In general, the goals are: 1. Use multimedia in a way that is cohesive to the overall narrative. Videos, photos, and graphics shouldn’t be redundant to text. 2. Understand how multimedia connects with the content around it. Does it distract from the narrative? What is the cognitive load of a piece of multimedia? Does it interrupt the flow? If so, is that OK? 3. Don’t create flashy design effects for their own sake. Every design decision should have a purpose. It’s OK for design to be “cool,” but use the cool factor in a way that better communicates the story. (e.g. Autoplaying background videos, scrolling curtain effects, or animation.) 4. Ledes and introductory text of the package becomes crucial, because most continuous stories require a commitment from the user. Tease users with good explanatory introductions so they know what they are going to get. “Chunkifying” content A technique used in lots of continuous pieces is to break text apart into smaller chunks that grasp the user’s attention. It’s a bit like holding a user’s hand and leading them through the story. Game of Shark and Minnow In this South China Sea Piece by the New York Times, content is broken into smaller chunks at various points in the narrative. These pieces of content help reinforce the multimedia with descriptions of what’s happening. The Guardian's Firestorm In this piece Firestorm by The Guardian, a documentary filmmaker, longform magazine writer, and multimedia producer teamed up to tell the story of a family’s harrowing escape from a bushfire in Tasmania. Much of the piece is separated into smaller chunks. Multimedia “Interrupters” Another term has been adopted in the multimedia storytelling industry to describe when a piece of multimedia “interrupts” the narrative flow of a piece. While this sounds like a bad thing, it’s often done intentionally. Careful consideration should be made as to when a piece of multimedia breaks the text apart, or when it’s placed off to the side of the text, where it becomes a more optional element. Multimedia off to the side Example of multimedia off to the side of a story. The factors to consider in making this decision: • Is the multimedia critical the story, and at that point in the narrative? • What is the learning curve of an informational graphic? If it takes too long to decipher beyond a glance, perhaps it should be considered more of a sidebar. • Multimedia often makes good chapter breaks or segues for introducing the next section of a story. • Breaking up a narrative with a video is often a forceful indication that the viewer needs to watch it. You shouldn’t break the text if you think it’s optional, because the viewer will be left thinking they missed something. New York Times Snow Fall In the New York Time's Snow Fall piece, some multimedia was optional, some was intentionally interrupting. Design techniques Web producers employ several design techniques when building these packages. Most have usefulness, but some are often gratuitous or exist for their own sake. Scrollytelling is a term that relates to animations that play as the user scrolls. This is often an effective method for engaging readers, because it offers simulation as they interact with the piece and makes the process of scrolling enjoyable. But the caveat is that most scrollytelling pieces require movement, and are often antithetical to longer text stories which are read at a much slower pace. Father Bob by Penguin True stories In the Father Bob piece, animation plays as you scroll, but someone actually reading the piece might find it distracting. Space Race by the BBC In this Space Race piece by the BBC, animation is tied to scrolling so that you can travel on a journey as you scroll through the piece. Space Race by the BBC In this mobile health piece, a playful animation is tied to the scrolling mechanism • Good for: scannable content, chunkified content. • Bad for: longer text stories. Curtain Effect A curtain effect is when part of the page seems to reveal another section of the page. This effect is often useful for indicating breaks in a piece, or a transition to another section of the copy. It should be considered a hard interruption, and give the sense of unveiling a piece of content. Multimedia off to the side In The Long, Strange Trip of Dock Ellis, multiple uses of the curtain effect unveil new parts of the story, often with a quote or photo. Many times it’s used as purely an aesthetic device, perhaps gratuitously and unnecessarily. • Good for: creating very strong interruptions for transition, unveiling new content. • Bad for: times when it doesn’t serve a purpose, or it’s used gratuitously and unnecessarily. Auto-playing Background videos Another element seen in many continuous stories are silent auto-playing background videos. These can really make static images come alive and add some dynamism to the piece. They usually come in two forms: 1. Aesthetic: Simple repeating imagery that sets a scene or offers a piece of movement. 2. Illustrative: A situation when it shows something happening. In this case it’s similar to an animated GIF. This is a quick way to show an action without the user having to commit to a video. In the first case, the types of background videos that work best are ones that are short and have some type of subtle movement. They generally work create a scene setters, and help create a more dynamic feel that differs from the frozen moment of a still photo. In the second case, the action should be quick or users might get confused about whether the video should be watched or just glanced at. The Shirt on your back Guardian The Shirt on Your Back Guardian project uses many auto-playing background videos to set the scene of where things are. • Good for: setting scenes, creating dynamism to a piece aesthetically. • Bad for: when it’s distracting, overused, too long, or should be a playable video instead.
ThuSep 15 National Double Cheeseburger Day – September 15, 2022 National Double Cheeseburger Day is enjoyed every year on September 15. This iconic food item is way up on the charts of everyone’s favorite foods. Full credit has to go to the person who decided that double cheese is better than single cheese. After all, one can never have too much cheese, right? Read on to know how the cheeseburger came into existence and some amazing ways you can celebrate this day! History of National Double Cheeseburger Day Who created the National Double Cheeseburger Day we don’t know, but we do know how this revered food item came into existence. In current times, having cheese in a hamburger seems so natural, but there was a time when that wasn’t the case. A hamburger simply consisted of meat, bread, and some toppings. It was then in 1926, where Lionel Sternberger created a cheeseburger in Pasadena, California. While working at his father’s sandwich shop, The Rite Spot, he saw a sizzling piece of hamburger that just needed that one extra thing. So he decided to slap a slice of American cheese on it to see what comes out of it. Technically it was a cheese hamburger, not a plain cheeseburger, but that’s how cheese found its way in our burgers. Years later in 1937, Bob’s Big Boy is said to have created the first double cheeseburger. That double cheeseburger had another bun in the middle of it so it sort of resembled the Big Mac from McDonald’s. Nevertheless, they are still credited for making the first double cheeseburger. A double cheeseburger is comfort food for many with its extensive flavor profile and cheesy goodness. It can transport you straight into a food paradise. You can either simply enjoy a plain double cheeseburger, or have your choice of meat or vegan patties to go with it. Add your choice of toppings or don’t add them, as long as you have your double cheese in it, it’s qualified to be a double cheeseburger. National Double Cheeseburger Day timeline It Gains Popularity The St. Louis World’s Fair popularizes the hamburger nationwide. The First Double Cheeseburger Bob's Big Boy serves up the first double cheeseburger. World’s Biggest Burger The world’s biggest burger is made weighing close to 3,600 pounds. Whopping Cheeseburger Mallie’s Sports Bar creates one of the largest cheeseburgers weighing almost 1800 pounds. National Double Cheeseburger Day FAQs What goes on a double cheeseburger? The McDonald’s Double Cheeseburger consists of two pure beef burger patties, with seasoning, toppings, and sauces. Most importantly, it’s topped with two slices of melty American cheese. What is the best cheese to put in a burger? Some of the best cheeses to put in a burger is Melty American cheese, Ultra-gooey, creamy Brie, Cheddar Cheese, Goat Cheese, among others. Why are double cheeseburgers so popular? Cheeseburgers enjoy significant popularity across the globe. They’re cheap, easy to eat, and don’t require much chewing. National Double Cheeseburger Day Activities 1. Make a double cheeseburger Prepare a double cheeseburger for yourself. Get your ingredients ready like ground-up meat if you’re opting for non-vegetarian or a vegetarian or vegan patty, toppings of your choice like lettuce, tomatoes, jalapenos, pickles, etc., and two slices of melty cheese. 2. Host a double cheeseburger party Either with your friends or family, you can host a double cheeseburger party. While you can have other items on the menu, the hero of the party should be the delicious cheeseburgers that leave everyone wanting more. 3. Treat the homeless with double cheeseburgers Many homeless people struggle to get one meal a day. On National Double Cheeseburger Day, you can make someone’s day by treating them to a double cheeseburger from your local fast-food restaurant. 5 Cheesy Facts About National Double Cheeseburger Day 1. American cheese Approximately 70% of Americans prefer American cheese on their cheeseburger. 2. Burger consumptions Americans consume over 50 billion hamburgers or cheeseburgers annually. 3. Cheeseburger hometown Many cities in the U.S. such as Denver, New Haven, and Pasadena claim to have invented the cheeseburger. 4. World’s tiniest cheeseburger A Japanese YouTube channel Miniature Space created the tiniest cheeseburger. 5. Cheeseburger in Paradise Jimmy Buffett’s song “Cheeseburger in Paradise” was inspired due to his craving for a cheeseburger on a rocky boat trip. Why We Love National Double Cheeseburger Day 1. Double cheeseburgers are easy to make Double cheeseburgers are super easy to make. You can get ready-made patties from a local store and top them with toppings of your choice and melty cheese. Voila! You have your burger ready. This makes it a popular home meal option as well. 2. Burgers are cheap If you go to buy burgers from outside like a fast-food restaurant, rest assured, you won’t be burning a hole in your pocket. This makes it super popular as you can enjoy a great meal even if you’re on a budget. 3. They’re extremely satisfying and tasty One double cheeseburger can keep your hunger pangs away for hours. They’re super tasty with the flavors from the patty and toppings along with cheese melting in your mouth with each bite. National Double Cheeseburger Day dates 2022September 15Thursday 2023September 15Friday 2024September 15Sunday 2025September 15Monday 2026September 15Tuesday Holidays Straight to Your Inbox Every day is a holiday! Receive fresh holidays directly to your inbox.
Policies to limit junk food ads aimed at children fall short, report finds A new report finds that many existing policies and regulations aimed at tackling food marketing to children are markedly insufficient, meaning children continue to be exposed to commercial messages promoting foods high in fats, salt and sugar. The report, prepared by researchers from the University of Liverpool and the Open University in collaboration with the World Health Organisation (WHO)/Europe, found that around half of the 53 countries in the Region have taken some steps to limit marketing of high fat, salt and sugar (HFSS) foods to children. A few countries have adopted legally binding rules, which specifically restrict HFSS food marketing in certain media, at certain times. Others are attempting to address the challenge of digital marketing. However, many countries still report no action, and an overwhelming preference for self-regulation by the food and advertising industries remains – an approach that is often found wanting by independent review. In addition, the evidence suggests that the impact of existing policies on reducing children’s exposure to HFSS food marketing has been limited, something that is exacerbated by changing media usage and the increasingly integrated nature of marketing across a number of different media and platforms. Implementation ‘patchy’ In May 2010, the World Health Assembly unanimously adopted the set of recommendations on the marketing of foods and non-alcoholic beverages to children. These recommendations urge countries to reduce the impact on children of the marketing of energy-dense, highly processed HFSS foods and beverages. However, the report finds that implementation of the set of recommendations continues to be patchy – despite unequivocal evidence that HFSS food marketing has a harmful impact on children’s eating behaviours and body weight, and repeated commitments made by countries to halt the rise of childhood obesity by 2025. The report identifies existing loopholes in policies, ongoing challenges, and factors that countries need to consider in order to effectively limit the harmful impact that HFSS food marketing has on children’s health and rights. Many advertising techniques ‘unregulated’ Drawing on the most authoritative evidence, the report offers guidance to help countries formulate policies in line with the set of recommendations. In particular, the report encourages countries to consider the following points: • Most existing action focuses on broadcast advertising only, despite clear evidence that children are exposed to marketing through many other avenues: in the digital sphere, via product display, and through packaging and sponsorship of HFSS foods. Countries therefore need to adopt a more comprehensive approach to HFSS food marketing regulation • Existing regulations typically limit their scope to child-oriented programming and focus primarily on advertising, leaving a broad range of programmes, media and marketing techniques to which children are exposed unregulated. Countries should therefore ensure that they focus on establishing policies to effectively reduce children’s actual exposure to HFSS food marketing, rather than policies based on the classification of content or media • Existing rules typically only seek to protect children up to a certain age (typically 12 or 13 years), even though a growing body of evidence suggests that adolescents are also negatively affected by HFSS food marketing. The scope of rules should be extended to protect all children • Countries have not always adopted effective food categorization systems to determine what foods should not be marketed to children. They should ensure that they use existing, or develop new, evidence-based nutrient-profiling systems that effectively identify unhealthy food according to nutritional quality • Countries have failed to effectively regulate cross-border marketing at a regional level; they should reflect on how better cooperation and harmonization could avoid weakening national HFSS food marketing restrictions and could strengthen efforts to address the global issue of food marketing in digital media Dr Emma Boyland, who conducted the research on behalf of the University of Liverpool, said: “The evidence is clear that children are exposed to a lot of food marketing and that exposure negatively affects their food choices and consumption. Given the high levels of childhood overweight and obesity across Europe, it is crucial that governments follow the WHO guidelines and enact regulations that will meaningfully restrict the volume of persuasive food marketing that children see.” Professor Amandine Garde of the Law & Non-Communicable Diseases Unit in the University’s School of Law and Social Justice was a co-author of the report. The full report, entitled ‘Evaluating implementation of the WHO set of recommendations on the marketing of foods and non-alcoholic beberages on children’, can be found here. The original report announcement regarding the publication of the report can be found here on the WHO/Europe website. Leave a comment
Question: What materials do you need to make a blanket? What do I need to knit a blanket? All you need is yarn, needles, an idea about a stitch pattern you want to use, an idea about the size of the project and a three-step system outlined in this tutorial. First, let’s talk about materials. There are no specific guidelines for choosing yarn to knit a blanket or scarf. How do you make a throw blanket? Let’s learn how to make a throw blanket! 1. Step 1: Cut Fabric for Throw Blanket. To start, find a fuzzy fabric in two colors you like. … 2. Step 2: Add Pom-Poms to Throw Blanket. … 3. Step 3: Sew Sides Together. … 4. Step 4: Sew Up the Throw Blanket Opening. … 5. Step 5: Quilt Throw Blanket. How much yarn do I need for a blanket? For a full-size blanket, you will need quite a bit of yarn, probably around 13-18 balls or skeins of yarn. Usually, afghans are very colorful, so you may have one skein of each and, if it’s it’s really colorful, that can add up. If the blanket only has one or a few colors, it may only be 10 skeins. How big is a no sew blanket? Step by Step instructions to make a No-Sew Fleece blanket. Fleece comes 60-inches wide, so your blanket should be around 60 x 60 (or longer). Your finished product will be about 10- inches smaller than the fabric you start with. IT IS INTERESTING: How do you grade a sewing pattern? What kind of fabric is used for tie blankets? Here are the steps in making a very simple fleece blanket with tied ends. No sewing required! You will need 2 pieces of fleece, about 1 to 1 1/4 yards each, a pair of fabric scissors (or a rotary cutter – much easier!), cutting board (or some kind of cutting surface) and a ruler or straight-edge.
Now it will be even easier to determine whether a person has the flu or not. The FDA has approved ProFlu+, a test that can identify four common respiratory viruses in a matter of hours. That is well within the two-day window when antiviral therapy is most effective, said Daniel Shultz, MD, director of the FDA’s center for devices and radiological health. The test uses a multiplex platform that allows several tests to be processed using the same sample to detect influenza A virus, influenza B virus, and respiratory synctial virus A and B (RSV). A molecular biology process isolates and amplifies viral genetic material present in secretions taken from the back of patients’ throats.
Skip to content Greyhound Polyneuropathy Other Names: Hereditary neuropathy Affected Genes: NDRG1 Inheritance: Autosomal Recessive Mutation: chr13:29691070-29691079: 10 bp deletion (del TCGCCTGGAC) Breed(s): Greyhound Common Symptoms Greyhound polyneuropathy is an inherited progressive neurologic disorder affecting Greyhounds. Affected dogs typically present between three and nine months of age with exercise intolerance and an abnormal “bunny-hopping” gait. The symptoms progress to severe muscle wasting and Ataxia. Affected dogs may also have an abnormal sounding bark, be unable to bark, have noisy breathing and/or have difficulty breathing. In severe cases dogs can die from respiratory failure, but typically, affected dogs are humanely euthanized by one year of age. Testing Tips Genetic testing of the NDRG1 gene will reliably determine whether a dog is a genetic Carrier of Greyhound polyneuropathy. Greyhound polyneuropathy is inherited in an Autosomal Recessive manner in dogs meaning that they must receive two copies of the mutated gene (one from each parent) to develop the disease. In general, carrier dogs do not have features of the disease but when bred with another carrier of the same Mutation, there is a risk of having affected pups. Each pup that is born to this pairing has a 25% chance of inheriting the disease and a 50% chance of inheriting one copy and being a carrier of the NDRG1 gene mutation. Reliable genetic testing is important for determining breeding practices. In order to eliminate this mutation from breeding lines and to avoid the potential of producing affected pups, breeding of known carriers to each other is not recommended. Dogs that are not carriers of the mutation have no increased risk of having affected pups. • Drögemüller C, Becker D, Kessler B, Kemter E, Tetens J, Jurina K, Jäderlund KH, Flagstad A, Perloski M, Lindblad-Toh K, Matiasek K. A deletion in the N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) gene in Greyhounds with polyneuropathy. PLoS One. 2010 Jun 22; 5(6):e11258. [PubMed: 20582309]
What makes a person crazy? What makes a person crazy? Some of the things that make one be crazy include: Extreme levels of stress – the person may not have a good way to deal with their life circumstances and they just can’t cope, so instead of turning to stress management like meditation or mindfulness, they act out in emotionally charged ways. What’s the difference between a crazy and a mad person? Crazy vs Mad – What’s the difference? is that crazy is insane; demented while mad is insane; crazy, mentally deranged. is that crazy is (slang) very, extremely while mad is (slang\|new england\|new york\|and\|uk\|dialect) intensifier; to a large degree; extremely; exceedingly; very; unbelievably. is an insane or eccentric person; a crackpot. What are the symptoms of a crazy person? Other symptoms, which can be the signal that something serious is wrong, include hallucinations, detachment from reality, trouble relating to other people, difficulty coping with situations and major changes to eating habits, sexual activity or patterns of drug and alcohol consumption. Is it bad to say crazy to someone with mental illness? You may have casually used the words to describe a rollicking party, an unexpected weather But here’s what you might not realize: Using “crazy” or “insane” in everyday speech — be it as a throwaway adjective or an insult — can be hurtful to people who live with mental illness. Why do people say crazy all the time? “For people able to change their everyday language, becoming conscious of how often they use ableist words like ‘crazy’ or ‘insane’ is one small way of reducing the stigmatizing effects of casually ableist expressions,” Brown said. What does it mean when someone calls you crazy? Just because you don’t share someone’s emotional experience doesn’t make it “other,” and yours “right,” and that’s basically what you’re arguing when you call someone behaving differently “crazy.” It’s usually what happens when people aren’t comfortable with women being anything but “small.” Small in body, mind, emotion, you name it. Why do people get mad at toxic people? Longtime friendships or work relationships that have derailed because of toxic behaviors can be painful. Some people feel angry at themselves that they let the relationship go on too long, or that they rationalized bad behavior in the hope that the other person would change. Why do I Feel Like I’m Going Crazy? It’s rare, but the feeling of “going crazy” could truly stem from a developing mental illness. “They are temporarily, at least, losing their ability to make sense of things. They’re feeling overwhelmed,” Livingston says. Why are so many people mad at me? Gee, a bunch of predators, with seemingly zero ethics or even conscience are mad at me. I’l try not to lose any sleep. Don’t Let Them Get Your Goat.
Like electricity, artificial intelligence (AI) is a general purpose technology that has the potential to drastically alter societies through its impact on economic and social structures. copyright by SwissCognitiveThe AI revolution is not on the horizon — it’s already here. In fact, AI is estimated to generate $13 trillion in economic activity across the world by 2030. AI and machine learning systems are being rapidly adopted around the world, in our households, businesses and governments. In broad terms, AI refers to data-driven algorithms that can autonomously solve problems and performs tasks without human guidance. The many fields of science encapsulated within AI including machine learning, natural language programming, deep learning (neural networks), computer vision and robotics. The technology underpins all manner of systems, services and products that we rely on every day from search engines and ride-sharing apps to mobile banking and fraud detection. How the country can capture the billion-dollar AI opportunity will be a major topic of discussion at D61+ LIVE , Australia’s premier science, technology and innovation event hosted by CSIRO’s Data61 on 2-3 October. Lifting productivity with tech Dr Larry Marshall, CSIRO’s Chief Executive believes science and technology can lift productivity and create new value for Australia. “There is no doubt AI is creating new value across multiple industries, it is already part of our daily lives,” Dr Marshall said. “As Australia’s national science agency, CSIRO is using AI, machine learning, and predictive analytics, to solve our wickedest challenges, when they involve way too many variables for humans to readily manage – AI is enabling us to better predict weather, energy use, and to analyse genetics to better serve health and ageing, and to hold up our crop yields despite environmental change. “Today Australia already has globally leading capability in a number of AI streams, including in machine learning and robots through CSIRO. Coupled with deep industry knowledge, applications of AI are here and now – not the stuff of science fiction.” Building a positive AI future Earlier this year the Australian Government released Artificial Intelligence: Australia’s Ethics Framework, a discussion paper developed by CSIRO’s Data61, to encourage a conversation on how Australia develops and uses AI. The discussion paper states that “Australia is a party to seven core human rights agreements which have shaped our laws. An ethics framework for AI is not about rewriting these laws or ethical standards, it is about updating them to ensure that existing laws and ethical principles can be applied in the context of new AI technologies.”[…] read more – copyright by Image: Larry Marshall: There is no doubt that AI is already creating value across multiple industries
Often asked: What crops grow in North Dakota? Featured raw materials in this region include bees and honey, as well as cereal crops. spring wheat, rapeseed and barleyas well as soybeans, dry beans and corn. North Dakota is the largest producer of canola, honey, and spring wheat in the country. What is the main crop grown in North Dakota? According to the North Dakota Agricultural Statistics Service, soybeans were North Dakota’s top crop in 2016 in terms of number of acres harvested and value of production. Is North Dakota good for agriculture? In 2017, North Dakota was the national leader in the production of dry edible beans, kidney beans, pinto beans, canola, flaxseed, honey, dry edible peas, durum wheat, and spring wheat. As if that wasn’t impressive enough, North Dakota also ranked in the top 5 for producing a few other crops. What is North Dakota’s most important agricultural product? Wheat is North Dakota’s number one agricultural product, second only to Kansas in production. North Dakota grows more durum wheat (used for pasta) than any other state. North Dakota also leads all other states in the production of barley and sunflower seeds and is a leader in the production of flaxseed (linseed oil). What are the main wheat crops in North Dakota? The main wheat crops in North Dakota are hard red spring wheat and durum wheat. What do North Dakota farmers grow in abundance? North Dakota produces more than 90% of the US flax crop. It is often grown in rotation with small grains such as wheat and barley. Known as the “miracle bean” for its many uses, soybeans are a legume related to clover, peas, and alfalfa. What vegetables are grown in North Dakota? Crops such as carrots, cabbage, radishes, and leeks are biennials and can be directly sown in North Dakota. In fact, the nature of carrots and radishes requires that they be direct seeded. What culture is North Dakota known for? Some of North Dakota’s major staples are grown here, including soybeans, sugar beets, spring wheat, edible dry beans, and most of the corn used for grain, although corn is grown in other parts of the state. Can you grow pineapples in North Dakota? It is possible to grow pineapples in North Dakota. Well, it’s not like you can plant it in your garden, but… with a little TLC, you still can. But they are quite easy to grow as potted plants because their root system is small. Pineapple does not need full sun, which makes it suitable for growing indoors. What is North Dakota doing? North Dakota is the national leader in the production of spring wheat, durum wheat, dry peas, dry beans, honey, flaxseed, and canola. What is the main industry in North Dakota? According to a recent survey by the financial news site 24/7 Wall Street, North Dakota’s largest industry is oil and gas. In a recent study of the top industries in each of the 50 states, the website found that the oil and gas industry contributes nearly 7% of North Dakota’s gross domestic product, or GDP. What is agriculture in North Dakota? The state’s main staples include durum and spring wheat, dry edible beans, canola, flaxseed, oats, and honey. Animal husbandry is also a major agricultural sector for the state, with North Dakota having more than two head of cattle per capita. What are 5 interesting facts about North Dakota? 10 fun facts about North Dakota • Large, but less populated. Despite being the third largest state in the country, North Dakota ranks 19th in area. • statehood. • Teddy Roosevelt. • state agriculture. • potato peel • Snow angel world record. • A huge buffalo and a huge cow. • The largest metal sculpture. Is rice grown in ND? Western Wild Rice is approximately 1,301,000 acres and includes parts of five counties (Cass, Dickey, Ransom, Richland, and Sargent) in North Dakota. Of the 1,301,000 acres, 1% is in Dickey County, 3% in Cass, 6% in Ransom, 51% in Richland, and 39% in Sargent. There are about 1,128 farms in the Lower Basin. How much agriculture does North Dakota produce? In 2018, North Dakota generated approximately $7.7 billion in farm revenue, with soybeans, wheat, and corn being the most valuable commodities. In the same year, the value of North Dakota’s agricultural processing and manufacturing industries accounted for 7.6% of the state’s total GDP.
Planning design and construction of healthcare facilities What are the steps of facility planning in healthcare? The steps of facility planning are used to conduct a study, develop a budget, organize a planning committee, set realistic goals, study the financial marketplace, and get the right people for the project. These steps include understanding, analyzing, planning , and acting. What are the six types of healthcare facilities? Health care administrators look after the core facility types : hospitals , outpatient clinics, long-term care facilities , clinical labs, and hospices. These facilities collaborate to deliver high-quality health care to patients and communities. What are the importance of planning in health care? Effective planning in healthcare management can help you create clarity and improve communication. Your strategic plan should address the key issues, your organization’s vision and goals, and the steps to get there. Your employees and stakeholders will have improved confidence and faith in your organization. What is facilities planning process? The strategic facility planning process can be defined as the process by which a facility manage- ment organization envisions its future by linking its purpose to the strategy of the overall organiza- tion and then developing goals, objectives and action plans to achieve that future. What is Facility Plan? Facilities planning is the development of a forward-thinking strategy for the management of a single facility or an organization’s complete portfolio of space that supports operations. What does hospital consist of? You might be interested: How to read construction grade stakes What are the guiding principles of hospital planning? The Guiding Principles of Hospital Design and Planning Five Key Principles . One: Equipment dictates design, design does not dictate equipment. Two: Design today for tomorrow’s expansion. Three: Core is key. Four: Solve problems with pen and ink instead of sledge hammers. Five: Design with caregivers in mind. Optimised Workflows. How many rooms are there in a hospital? The total number of hospitals in the United States as of 2017 is 5,064. Using the estimated total number of operating rooms in the United States (224,720), we can say that the estimated average number of operating rooms per hospital is 44 (224,720 / 5,064). What are the two types of healthcare facilities? Health-care facilities are hospitals , primary health-care centres, isolation camps, burn patient units, feeding centres and others. What are the two categories of healthcare services? Healthcare facilities can be divided into two broad categories : Public health services . Private health facilities . What are the different kinds of healthcare facilities? Health facilities are places that provide health care . They include hospitals , clinics, outpatient care centers , and specialized care centers , such as birthing centers and psychiatric care centers . How important is planning? Planning is essential both personally and professionally. It helps us achieve our goals, and allows for more efficient use of time and other resources. Planning means analyzing and studying the objectives, as well as the way in which we will achieve them. What is the definition of planning? Planning is the process of thinking about the activities required to achieve a desired goal. It is the first and foremost activity to achieve desired results. It involves the creation and maintenance of a plan, such as psychological aspects that require conceptual skills. You might be interested: What is a soffit in construction Why is strategic planning so important?
Analysis Of Charles DickensGreat Expectations 1441 Words6 Pages Charles Dickens, Great Expectation is a novel about personal development and growth, that portrays in words a process of self-discovery and maturation through experience as a protagonist Pip moves from childhood to adulthood .The novel begins with Pip as a young orphan who is living with his sister and her husband in the marshes of Kent , in the west side of England. Pip is romantic , passionate and has unrealistic expectation of life. He is likely to expect more for himself than he is reasonable.He desires to become a gentleman of higher class . He also wants to improve himself ,both socially and morally. He develops unrealistic hopes and expectations after being introduced to Estella and Miss Havisham. The purpose of this essay is to discuss Pip’s obsession with gentility and class in Great expectation ,analyze the given extract in detail ,the changes in Pip’s character over the course of the novel and the role of his narration in signaling his Moral development. Pips obsession with gentility and class develops after being introduced to Miss Havishim and Estella. The title of the book itself ‘Great Expectations’ implies a sense of assurance and possibility, throughout his life he remains motivated to improve in all facet of his life At the beginning of the novel ,Pip deals with problems of his childhood ;the absence of his parents who are deceased ,his abusive sister and a sad realization of his short -comings and failure. As the novel moves forward he More about Analysis Of Charles DickensGreat Expectations Get Access
Human Organs: Fact or Fiction? Question: We use only 10 percent of our brains. Answer: Human brains are very efficient, and nearly 100 percent are in full use most of the time. Doctors thus take special care when operating on the brain to make sure no function is damaged. Question: A human cannot live without a stomach. Answer: Persons who have had their stomachs removed are still able to live by ingesting small quantities of special foods many times a day. Question: The human digestive tract is only a few centimeters long. Answer: The human digestive tract is a complex series of organs, and food has to travel 25 feet (7.5 meters) through the intestines alone. It takes from 20 to 30 hours to do so. Question: The role of the kidneys is to help process waste. Answer: All living beings must excrete, or remove, waste substances from their bodies. In humans the kidneys are the main organs for performing this task. Question: In humans the kidneys are located in the chest. Answer: In humans the kidneys are a pair of bean-shaped, reddish brown organs. They are located on either side of the backbone, against the rear wall of the abdomen, level with the lowest ribs. Question: The retina is the lens at the front of the eye. Answer: The retina is a soft, transparent layer of nervous tissue made up of millions of light receptors. Question: The spleen is part of the lymphatic system. Answer: The spleen is part of the lymphatic system. Located behind the stomach, it produces lymphocytes, which help our bodies fight infection. Question: An organ is any useless body part. Answer: All of the body’s organs have a function. The lungs, for instance, bring oxygen into the bloodstream, while the kidneys filter impurities from it. Question: The cardiovascular system acts in isolation from other organs. Answer: Several organs interact with the circulatory system. Nutrients and fluids are absorbed from the digestive organs, for instance, and the spleen then filters and cleans blood. Question: The human body’s largest organ is the liver. Answer: The human body’s largest organ is the skin.
As kids leave home and head to university this week the sound of their parents celebrating across the land must be deafening, right? Wrong it seems as many are left feeling a bit lost and wondering what to do with themselves. It’s called Empty Nest Syndrome, a mental condition that can end marriages if not properly dealt with. Here we explain exactly what it is and how you might cope. What is Empty Nest Syndrome? It is a recognised condition and refers to feelings of depression, sadness, and, or grief experienced by parents and carers after children come of age and leave home. It’s not just about them going to university but it is this autumn period when the biggest exodus occurs. How can you tell the difference between just being sad at your kids leaving and the syndrome? Newcastle University students celebrate their achievements at the summer graduation ceremonies Newcastle University students celebrate their achievements at the summer graduation ceremonies Feeling a bit sad when a child leaves the home is to be expected. If you are feeling distressed because you worry your life has lost meaning, or if you are crying a lot and so sad you don’t want to see friends or go to work, you could well be a sufferer and should consider seeking professional help. Does it affect men or women the most? Women are more likely than men to be affected. Often, when children leave the home, mothers are going through other significant life events as well, such as menopause or caring for elderly parents. What do you need to do to cope? It’s important to get support from friends who have been through it or who are also facing it as well as seeking professional advice. What practical things can you do? Develop friendships and hobbies. Make plans such as family holidays for when the kids come home at half term. Also, make specific plans for the extra money, time, and space that will become available when children are no longer dependent on you and living at home. And impractical things? Some experts say parents might want to act like a kid themselves for a fortnight after their children have gone. Eating anything they want, sleeping in, not doing the dishes, being a bit irresponsible. Obviously this won’t work for everybody. Is it true that Empty Nest Syndrome can cause relationships to break up? Apparently so. Family lawyers say it leads to a seasonal ‘spike’ in divorce cases as couples struggle to adjust to life once their teens head off to study. Is there a ‘do something romantic’ tip coming to stop this happening? There is. Reintroduce date nights and make a shared bucket list of the dreams you’d love to pursue. Travel, redecorate the house or have weekends away. Make use of the free time you now have.
Kendo Terminology: Mushin It is often translated as "empty mind". Yes, it is written as "There is no mind" in Japanese. It is controversial as people are asking whether it is possible to have no mind. Well, I do not know. However, here is what I know and a bit of explanation of the empty mind. Here is what empty mind is not: • Being mindless watching TV on the couch. • Playing a game and you cannot hear anything. • Just looking out through a window not thinking anything. These are not considered to be "empty mind". The mind is just gone somewhere and does not exist here on the earth. Ok here is a good example. When you drive a car, how do you drive? As I also mentioned in "Enzan no Metsuke", you look everywhere to make sure that you and others are safe. In other words, your mind flows everywhere it is necessary to be so that you will be able to react to any sudden incidents. It is hard to drive if you think about it. You have to step on the accelerator and the brake and look at the side mirrors and rear mirror. Besides, you must check the speedometer and pay attention to signs, people and other cars ALL around you. How can you do that? That is because you mind does not stay in one place such as just looking at the rear mirror not caring about the front or vice versa. Your mind is working hard to make sure everything is ok. Do not stop the flow of your mind at the one place. In kendo, for example, do not be obsessed by winning or worried about losing. Stop thinking what your opponent is going to do. Instead of thinking about a lot of stuff in your head, just go with the flow of your mind! Mushin is not total emptiness of your mind. Your mind is there but working hard and it looks like it is empty. Let your mind do what it is supposed to do. What don't we stop thinking about what mushin is but just let our mind go. We may get somewhere new! :) > > Mushin
What is VoIP Service What is VoIP service? Many people have asked this question but don’t understand what it is. Voice over Internet Protocol allows you to make phone calls using the Internet instead of your regular phone line. It is an excellent option if you’re looking to save money on your phone bill or if you need to make international calls. It is a savvy and helpful method for settling on decisions, and many individuals are currently involving VoIP administrations as their essential method for correspondence. VoIP Service VoIP Service One can use VoIP administrations to settle on decisions with similar help. For example, you can use a special connector to associate your conventional telephone to the Internet and make decisions that way. VoIP is an excellent cash-saving tip for your telephone bill, and there are various choices accessible depending upon your requirements. In addition, it consolidates conventions to convey web communication capacities, like ordinary phone lines or PSTN (public exchanged telephone organization). VoIP telephone administration considers versatility and adaptability unimaginable with traditional phone lines. Voice over IP is a method for settling on voice decisions over web associations. One can use it from any location. With VoIP phone service, you can use your laptop or desktop from any place in the world as long as there is an internet connection. But, of course, VoiP users are more comfortable with regular phones if they have an internet connection. In addition, VoiP users don’t experience quality drops if they move around too often. What is the public Switched phone network? The PSTN is an obsolete phone network that has been in use for hundreds of years. It works by hardwiring homes and businesses underground; Copper wires connect them to switching centers where calls can make between two persons or Mobile devices via this mode. A public switched telephone network (PSTN), also known as Plain Old Telephone Service, provides good old circuit-switched telephonic service in most parts of America today. This awesome isn’t just something you find on your kitchen wall, though it’s reality right before our eyes every day. It does this by sending and receiving voice calls from your telephone (whether landline or cell phone) through an accredited network rather than using traditional PSTN methods, which can cost more money and provide less durability due to the higher risk involved with the established networks being compromised these days. How does VoIP Service Work? VoIP is a way to communicate over the Internet. Analog voice calls are converted into data packets that travel just like any other type, such as e-mail or web browsing material over public WiFi networks and private IP address connections between two computers equipped with microphones & speakers for audio output (headset). You can use this service if you want easy accessibility; all it takes now is one click on your computer mouse. You can use a VoIP phone number, just like traditional landline or cell phones. One does not need An analog telephone adapter, as they are digital-base technologies that send data voice. The Internet, instead of using old-fashioned copper cables typical on complementing networks–which means you don’t have any monthly fees associated. The easiest way to make or receive incoming calls from your landline telephone is by using an analog adapter. Firstly, Connect it into the wall jack where you usually connect a phone and plug in any device; that uses internet-based calling services like Skype for Small Businesses on this same network. Secondly, You can also use private IP phone networks if VoIP technology isn’t available yet. Be sure not only to consider security concerns when selecting one – bandwidth limitations; may result too, so think about what’s going through those pipes before making commitments long term. Voice over IP Market Growth The VoIP Services market is projected to grow at a rate of 13.5% over the next few years, reaching US$26 8 billion by 2026 with high penetration rates for smartphones in comparison against traditional telephones that are set this trend because they offer better sound quality and more features such as video chat apps- making them even more popular among consumers. In addition, rapid migration from POTS systems has been fuel by new-age unified communications. Services such as federated voice over internet protocol (VOIP System) will continue driving this growth trend into future years. The VoIP Services Market is segmented into three main categories: computer to phone, phone-to-computer, and other devices. Furthermore, the demand for cloud-based services among business customers; has led them to acquire a significant share in this market during the 2020 – 2021 period; with an estimated percentage at 42%.growth rate of 12% per year over the next five years; The fastest-growing segment will be driven primarily by smartphones/tablets, which are a part of the portable gadget category.
Skip to Content We care for patients with any kind of breathing difficulty. By its definition, providing pulmonary care is to provide care for everything related to breathing. A Pulmonologist can provide assistance or relief for any difficulties related to breathing. This includes evaluation and treatment for: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Asthma is a condition in which your airways narrow and swell and may produce extra mucus. This can make breathing difficult and trigger coughing, a whistling sound (wheezing) when you breathe out and shortness of breath. Symptoms include: • Shortness of breath • Chest tightness or pain • Wheezing when exhaling • Trouble sleeping caused by shortness of breath, coughing, or wheezing Recurring Bronchitis Chronic Cough A chronic cough is a cough that lasts eight weeks or longer in adults. A chronic cough is more than just an annoyance. A chronic cough can interrupt your sleep and leave you feeling exhausted. Severe cases of chronic cough can cause vomiting, lightheadedness and even rib fractures. While it can sometimes be difficult to pinpoint the problem that's triggering a chronic cough, the most common causes are tobacco use, postnasal drip, asthma and acid reflux. Fortunately, chronic cough typically disappears once the underlying problem is treated. • A runny or stuffy nose • A feeling of liquid running down the back of your throat (postnasal drip) • Hoarseness • Wheezing and shortness of breath • Heartburn or a sour taste in your mouth • In rare cases, coughing up blood Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs. Symptoms include breathing difficulty, cough, mucus (sputum) production and wheezing. It's typically caused by long-term exposure to irritating gases or particulate matter, most often from cigarette smoke. People with CPD are at increased risk of developing heart disease, lung cancer and a variety of other conditions. Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are the two most common conditions that contribute to COPD. These two conditions usually occur together and can vary in severity among individuals with COPD. COPD symptoms often don't appear until significant lung damage has occurred, and they usually worsen over time, particularly if smoking exposure continues. Signs and symptoms of COPD may include: • Shortness of breath, especially during physical activities • Wheezing • Chest tightness • Chronic cough that may produce mucus (sputum) that may be clear, white, yellow, or greenish • Frequent respiratory infections • Lack of energy • Unintended weight loss (in later stages) • Swelling in ankles, feet or legs Complex Lung Diseases Such as Pneumoconioses Emphysema is a lung condition that causes shortness of breath. In people with emphysema, the air sacs in the lungs (alveoli) are damaged. Over time, the inner walls of the air sacs weaken and rupture - creating larger air spaces instead of many small ones. This reduces the surface area of the lungs and, in turn, the amount of oxygen that reaches your bloodstream. When you exhale, the damaged alveoli don't work properly and old air becomes trapped, leaving no room for fresh, oxygen-rich air to enter. Most people with emphysema also have chronic bronchitis. Chronic bronchitis is inflammation of the tubes that carry air to your lungs (bronchial tubes), which leads to a persistent cough. Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are two conditions that make up chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Smoking is the leading cause of COPD. Treatment may slow the progression of COPD, but it can't reverse the damage. Lung Nodules & Masses Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs. The air sacs may fill with fluid or pus (purulent material), causing cough with phlegm or pus, fever, chills, and difficulty breathing. A variety of organisms, including bacteria, viruses and fungi, can cause pneumonia. Pneumonia can range in seriousness from mild to life-threatening. It is most serious for infants and young children, people older than 65, and people with health problems or weakened immune systems. • Chest pain when you breath or cough • Cough, which may produce phlegm • Fatigue • Fever, sweating and shaking chills • Lower than normal body temperature (in adults older than 65 and people with weak immune systems) • Nausea, vomiting or diarrhea • Shortness of breath Pulmonary Edema Pulmonary edema is a condition caused by excess fluid in the lungs. This fluid collects in the numerous air sacs in the lungs, making it difficult to breathe. In most cases, heart problems cause pulmonary edema. But fluid can accumulate for other reasons, including pneumonia, exposure to certain toxins and medications, trauma to the chest wall, and visiting or exercising at high elevations. Depending on the cause, pulmonary edema signs and symptoms may appear suddenly or develop over time. Sudden (acute) pulmonary edema signs and symptoms: • Extreme shortness of breath or difficulty breathing (dyspnea) that worsens with activity or when lying down • A feeling of suffocating or drowning that worsens when lying down • Wheezing or gasping for breath • Cold, clammy skin • Anxiety, restlessness or a sense of apprehension • A cough that produces frothy sputum that may be tinged with blood • Blue-tinged lips • A rapid, irregular heartbeat (palpitations) Pulmonary Embolism Pulmonary embolism symptoms can vary greatly, depending on how much of your lung is involved, the size of the clots, and whether you have underlying lung or heart disease. Common signs and symptoms include: Other signs and symptoms that can occur with pulmonary embolism include: • Rapid or irregular heartbeat • Lightheadedness or dizziness • Excessive sweating • Fever • Clammy or discolored skin (cyanosis) Pulmonary Hypertension Pulmonary hypertension is a type of high blood pressure that affects the arteries in your lungs and the right side of your heart. In one form of pulmonary hypertension, called pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), blood vessels in your lungs are narrowed, blocked or destroyed. The damage slows blood flow through your lungs, and blood pressure in the lung arteries rises. Your heart must work harder to pump blood through your lungs. The extra effort eventually causes your heart muscle to become weak and fail. In some people, pulmonary hypertension slowly gets worse and can be life-threatening. Although there's no cure for some types of pulmonary hypertension, treatment can help reduce symptoms and improve your quality of life. The signs and symptoms of pulmonary hypertension develop slowly. You may not notice them for months or even years. Symptoms get worse as the disease progresses. Pulmonary hypertension symptoms include: • Fatigue • Dizziness or fainting spells (syncope) • Chest pressure or pain • Bluish color to your lips and skin (cyanosis) • Racing pulse or heart palpitations Respiratory Failure Shortness of Breath Few sensations are as frightening as not being able to get enough air. Shortness of breath — known medically as dyspnea — is often described as an intense tightening in the chest, air hunger, difficulty breathing, breathlessness or a feeling of suffocation. Sleep Disorders Such as Sleep Apnea, Parasomnias & Narcolepsy Obstructive sleep apnea is a potentially serious sleep disorder. It causes breathing to repeatedly stop and start during sleep. There are several types of sleep apnea, but the most common is obstructive sleep apnea. This type of apnea occurs when your throat muscles intermittently relax and block your airway during sleep. A noticeable sign of obstructive sleep apnea is snoring. Treatments for obstructive sleep apnea are available. One treatment involves using a device that uses positive pressure to keep your airway open while you sleep. Another option is a mouthpiece to thrust your lower jaw forward during sleep. In some cases, surgery may be an option too. Signs and symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea include: • Excessive daytime sleepiness • Loud snoring • Observed episodes of stopped breathing during sleep • Abrupt awakenings accompanied by gasping or choking • Awakening with a dry mouth or sore throat • Morning headache • Difficulty concentrating during the day • Experiencing mood changes, such as depression or irritability • High blood pressure • Nighttime sweating • Decreased libido Request An Appointment Reid Health 1100 Reid Parkway Richmond, IN 47374
Deep in your watch is a small piece of quartz. What is it doing there? Well, it is keeping time. Quartz has a little secret. It wiggles when zapped by electricity. This strange phenomenon is called piezoelectricity and it was found in the 1800s by Pierre and Jacques Curie. What they found is if you squeeze quartz, it will give off a bit of electricity. What was found later is that if you zap quartz, it will move. A small gem of quartz is being zapped in your watch by a circuit connected to a battery, and those wiggles are used to count time. In the early 20th century, there was a little known scientist named Warren Marrison who created the first quartz clock. He was actually using quartz as a way to help radio stations know what was the right frequency to send their programs. But he noticed that quartz wiggles the same number of times a second and thought this would be a neat way to mark of time. So one day he got a gem, which came from Brazil, and then sawed off a piece and then polished it. His gem wiggled 100,000 times a second and those wiggles were counted to make accurate clocks. Before quartz, clocks were less accurate, although many people thought they were useful, in fact one woman even sold time. Many people don’t know who Warren Marrison is and he would have been lost in history. But he was recently profiled in a new book called The Alchemy of Us. You can find out more about him and quirky quartz in that book. Quartz may seem like an ordinary gem, but it keeps our world ticking. Fabrics are an old invention and have been important to us since ancient times. We choose different fabrics for their comfort or protection or both. For example, cotton absorbs moisture. And, this is a good thing, because the body doesn’t like wetness right next to the skin. The wetness feels clammy and it is very uncomfortable. But in this age of technology, textiles will do more than make us comfortable. They will give us information, because they will have small bits of electronics embedded in them. In fact, companies are now making wearable technologies to help NFL coaches monitor athletes by tracking their heart rate and their oxygen intake. So when might you see smart shirt at your local store? Well, engineers are working on them now. Ends up that a shirt is the worst place for electronics. Wearing a shirt or washing a shirt are demanding environments for any kind of electronics. They are the opposite of what electrical components prefer. Electronics like to keep dry and not bend. These are major challenges engineers are solving right now. It seems in the future, we might need to charge our shirts. Or at least carry extra batteries. There have lots of news about various pandemics. The first line of defense is a camera, a thermal camera. When someone is sick, they usually have a temperature. Here is where the camera comes it. Thermal cameras can “see” if someone has a fever because these cameras can detect the heat. Thermal camera detect the heat, which comes off as infrared. Deep in your printer are millions of explosions that you don’t even know about. Now, we usually don’t think of our printers as anything special, but there is lots of science taking place to make your documents come to life. Inside of your printer, bubbles push ink through small microscopic holes to make dots on a page that will become letters and numbers and symbols. But these are no ordinary bubbles. You could put over one and a half million of these bubbles in a square inch (a little over a postage stamp). These bubbles are created by heating the ink with very tiny electrical resistors, like those in your toaster, but the ink is heated so quickly that it doesn’t actually boil. The ink is heated to over 650 Fahrenheit (350C). At this temperature, the ink doesn’t boil, it explodes in what’s called a super heated vapour explosion . Now, the concept of using bubbles to print have been around since the 1950s, and full disclosure, I worked at HP and worked on ink jet. So how does printing happen? We send a pattern of electrical pulses that activate the resisters in order to produce a pattern of dots on the paper. One of those pulses, which last for about a millionth of a second, causes a bubble to form. The bubble pushes the drop out the nozzle and the drop lands on paper in a pattern that reproduces characters and graphic images. And, voila, you have the makings of an image. To make an image, there are nozzles for black, cyan, magenta, and yellow ink. When combined in the right proportion, all the colors of the rainbow are possible and the quality is on par with a photograph. And ink jet is everywhere. The next time you see a bus driving down the street with a beautiful color graphic on the side it is most likely that it was printed on ink jet. Ink jet is also used for banners, CDs, and even t-shirts. So bubbles print and their work is everywhere. They give life more pop. Invisibility has been something that has captured our imagination in books and movies from The Invisible Man (1933) to Harry Potter (2001). And, these characters make invisibility seem so cool. Well, science fiction has become a science fact. Scientists have made objects invisible in their labs. In order to understand how to make something invisible, we have to think about light. Light moves in straight lines. When it hits a surface, it bounces off, and heads for our eyes. And, the brain interprets this bounced light as an image. If we want to make something invisible, we have to bend light around the object so that our eyes and brains cannot see it. Bending light is an optical illusion. Invisibility is an optical illusion too. What scientists have done is get some magnifying glasses and put then in a row so that they collect light into a small beam and then bend it. When you look through those lenses, you cannot see anything. So far, they have been able to make something the size of a hand invisible. As you can imagine, soldiers and spies would love to get their hands on this invention. But, artists would too. With an invisibility cloak, they could bend light so that windows are not needed, but light still comes into the room. All in all, art continues to inspire science with new ideas. And invisibility cloaks change how we see and don’t see the world. You can try this invisibility cloak for yourself at the link below. Impress your students and friends. Get your own invisibility cloak today! We tell time by measuring a repeating pattern. The earth spins — causing it to be light and dark, which we translate as a day. Pendulums swing back and forth, which we translate as a second. Scientists would call things-with-repeating-patterns oscillators. However, there is a problem. Researchers have found that the earth speeds up and slows down in unpredictable ways. So, the earth is not a good way to measure the passing of time. The earth is a bad clock. This is unfortunate, since we need precise clocks for many of the technologies we use, like GPS. So we need a better clock–a more precise clock, a clock that is stable for a long time. To make a better clock, it needs three parts: An oscillator to produce a repeating pattern; a counter to measure how often the pattern occurs. And, a part to make sure that the oscillator is creating this pattern correctly—which is called a discriminator. Deep in a precise clock, or an atomic clock, is an oscillator. In this case, it is a quartz gem that is vibrating—the quartz acts like a piece of jello that wiggles when hit. And, those wiggles are counted to tell time. To make sure that the quartz is wiggling correctly, atoms are used to check it. Cesium atoms Well, inside the atoms are electrons. And, electrons live at different levels from the center. Electrons can move up and down these levels, like a ladder, when they get zapped with energy. However, the electrons can’t keep that energy, so they give back a precise amount of energy when they return to their original level. It ends up that that energy given back has a precise oscillation to it. This is compared to the wiggles made by the quartz to see if the quartz is correct. Sure, there are lots of steps, but it is worth it, since atoms are very precise. They lose their precision every 1.4 million years. So it seems that atoms take a licking, and this keeps clocks ticking. When it comes to communicating, some things never change. The african drum. Many would say it was an musical instrument. It is. But, it is much more than that. African drums were a way of communicating over vast distances in ancient Africa. If there was a herd coming or an enemy was approaching, drummers would send messages through their drums to neighboring villages. The messages would be repeated again and again and to send the message further. It ends up that modern technology does something similarly. Messages in your telephone are repeated so that the volume isn’t loss and this allows messages to be sent over long distances. But the most mind-blowing stuff that the ancient Nubians discovered is that if you drum a message near the banks of the Nile, the message can be sent over the surface of the water without losing volume. Scientists would say there is a a lossless channel at the interface between the water and air. That means you could whisper something and someone across the Nile nearly 2 miles away could hear it. Today, we seek such an ability with optical fibers. The challenged is to send a message without it losing volume and without the need for lots of repeaters. It seems the some of the issues of the past are still present today. Showing that there really isn’t anything new under the (African) sun. The Gateway Arch turned 50 with the help of modern materials and math. When creating a monument for future generations to behold, there are two features it must possess—simplicity and permanence. This was the thinking that architect Eero Saarinen used when designing the “Gateway Arch to the West,” which celebrated its 50th anniversary October 28, 2015. Saarinen gained inspiration by looking to the nation’s capital. He surmised that timelessness arose from geometric forms—the Washington Monument is an obelisk; the Lincoln Memorial is a rectangle; and the Jefferson Memorial is a circle in a square. So, Saarinen selected an arch. However, this arch would be no ordinary arch. Aloft at 630 feet, it had a special geometric form that moved mathematicians and masons—the catenary arch. A catenary arch appears when a chain hangs freely from two supported ends and occurs in everyday life from draping power lines to necklaces. When inverted, this arch supports its own weight and differs from a parabola. A catenary arch has steeper legs, a flatter peak, and greater strength. With this appointed shape, Saarinen next sought to find the right building materials to make it. He chose a material that would represent the modern age—stainless steel. This metal was first created in the 19th century, but perfected in the 20th. It is composed of steel (a combination of iron and carbon) with a dash of chromium. The mix of iron and carbon gives the metal strength, but chromium provides longevity by overcoming iron’s weakness of rusting. Rust never sleeps, as songwriter Neil Young once penned. So, the best way to stop it is to prevent it. Paint is one way to halt rust, but an atomic layer of protection helps too. This is where chromium comes in. Chromium makes a thin layer of chromium oxide on the surface, which hinders water from combining with the iron to create rust. The path to developing the metal for the Gateway Arch was circuitous at best. Stainless steel wasn’t a creation, but an evolution. The discovery of chromium occurred in the 18th century by French chemist Louis Nicolas Vauquelin. However, the secret to making lasting metals would take some time, as it puzzled some of the world’s greatest minds. Michael Faraday, one of history’s best scientists, began his career investigating new kinds of steel in the 1820s. He had limited success. Other delays occurred. There were unfiled patents in the 1870s on weather-resistant metals. Then efforts stalled. Two decades later, there was a renewed interest to create stainless steel, but it took a wrong turn. A famous scientist, Sir Robert Hadley, erroneously concluded in the 1890s that chromium lessened steel’s ability to fight corrosion. His unfortunate claim curtailed future work, until Harry Brearley serendipitously uncovered that chromium makes steel “rustless” and commercialized it as cutlery, which was announced in The New York Times in 1915. All these steps together made Saarinen’s Gateway Arch possible. The stainless steel in the Gateway Arch is the same in a household fork. Metal plates (as thick as four nickels) are held together with miles of welds making the arch’s exterior nearly 900 tons. (For comparison, the Chrysler Building has a 27-ton stainless exterior.) The arch is perched on the edge of the Mississippi where an early trading outpost stood, which was frequented by pioneers, fur traders, and explorers before heading westward. In the 1930s, city leaders wanted to transform this decaying site with a monument to honor those who “won” the west, the Louisiana Purchase, and Thomas Jefferson. Saarinen’s application in 1947, one of 172 entries including one from his famous architect father, captured what these leaders had envisaged—a message to the future, with modern materials, and a wink to the past, with a simple geometric form. Construction did not begin until 1962. Sadly, Saarinen died of a brain tumor in 1961 and never got to see his structure. Today, the arch stands strong, although it contends with dirt and chemical pollution from industrial emissions from the arch’s early years. These practices are no longer permissible with the establishment of the Clean Air Act in the 1960s. The survival of the arch is not only a testament to stainless steel but to progressive legislation. The Gateway Arch continually serves as a material, design, and cultural zeitgeist—relevant to the present, but also connecting us to the past as it propels us upward and forward. LEDs or light emitting diodes are everywhere from traffic lights to Christmas ornaments to remote controls. Inside these tiny bulbs is a small grey block which is made of silicon. And, silicon has the unusual origin of coming from sand. Sand is melted and purified and then cast in long thick logs, called ingots, which are slice like baloney. Twenty years ago, these logs used to be as thick as a thumb, now these logs are wider than dinner plates. The slice is then cut into small square chips. The chips are then given a bit of phosphorus on one side and a bit of boron on the other. Phosphorous is an element that has more electrons than silicon; boron has fewer electrons than silicon. These different sides are connected to a battery. The battery pushes electrons from the phosphorous side to the boron side. And, when these electrons connect with atoms that don’t have electrons, light is given off. LEDs are more efficient than incandescent bulbs. Incandescent bulbs, the ones we attribute to Thomas Edison, give off lots of heat. This is why toy oven use these bulbs to bake small cakes. In fact, 70 percent of the energy used by incandescent bulbs is heat. That’s wasted energy. But, LEDs run cool. They are so cool that cities now must remove snow from LED traffic lights during the winter. In the past, incandescent bulbs ran so hot, they would burn off any snow that landed on them. LEDs are not running hot and so snow collects on traffic lights. (This happens when you solve one problem, you inherit another one.) So, as you can see, small bits of beach sand purified into silicon are made into sandwiches that give off light. Now, this is a bright idea. Additional reading & activites (Affiliate Links): Elements: A Visual Exploration Snap Electronics Fun LED kit Materials: A Very Short Introduction There’s no papering over the impact of origami in technology. What do pizza boxes, paper bags, and fancy napkins have in common? Well, you might have guessed it — origami. Origami, which means “paper folding,” is everywhere. While some of the oldest pieces of origami have been found in ancient China and origami’s deepest roots are in ancient Japan, origami makes an impact in today’s technology too. One of the most important uses of origami today is in airbags. Airbags are doughnut-shape nylon bags that are deployed in a fraction of a second during a car collision. Airbags lie flat inside of the steering wheel. So, engineers needed to find the way to fold an airbag so it will store flat and expand out quickly. They consulted origami artist Robert Lang for the folding recipes. He found the origami folds for making a box with lots of corners was the solution that was needed. Download some cool origami structures from this website (Used with permission) Origami doesn’t stop there. The National Science Foundation, one of the government’s largest funding sources for research, has funded 13 grants last year to use origami in industry. Origami is being applied to foldable forceps to expanding solar panels to deployable antennas. Interestingly, other cultures also have a history of folded paper. There are elaborate folded patterns in Europe and folded paper in Mesoamerica going back over a thousand years. Today, schools are using origami in STEAM education to improve students’ skills. Origami has been found to increase thinking skills, improve geometry learning, and enhance problem solving. Origami is used in nature. Bugs fold wings with origami patterns; leaf buds have patterns that are similar to Japanese fans. Even molecules are arranged like origami structures. So, get a piece of paper out and make some folds. Be connected by using this technique that has made impact in so many ways and for so long. Here are some fun books on origami (Affiliate Links): Robert Lang’s Complete Book of Origami (featured in the podcast) Star Wars Origami Origami Fun Kit for Beginners
Harper's New Monthly Magazine, 9 (1884–85), 216–29. The Cruise of the "Wallowy". A Travel for Temperature Barnet Phillips Essay, Travelogue Relevant illustrations: eng. [9] Climatology, Natural History, Ornithology, Hunting, Extinction, Positivism, Measurement, Instruments, Error, Mapping, Physical Geography, Prognostication, Natural Economy, Archaeology, Sound Tired of 'plunging through the tundras of New York Spitzbergen', the narrator and two companions travel to the warmer climes of Southern Florida on a cruise dedicated to hunting and fishing. During preparations for the trip, the narrator observes, 'We laid in such a supply of cartridges that had the final shell been exploded (unerring marksmanship being understood), over Florida today never would have winged its way a solitary flamingo, and that peninsula would have become an ornithological blank'. Also notes that the 'last purchase was a thermometer. The buyer of it was a positivist, and took nothing for granted', and not being satisfied with generalised estimates of the temperature, 'he wanted to have unimpeachable scientific record of the fact. He recalled a friend of his who went to Japan for the sole purpose of studying earthquakes. It happened that his seismometer was defective, and would give no record of nature's convulsions. He had pinned his faith on an instrument of his own invention. He only thought there was something up when he and his apparatus were tumbled together to the ground, and the walls of a building crashed on top of him. Though his seismometer escaped without a scratch, he did not; but to this day he pooh-poohs an earthquake in Japan'. (216) Observes that the 'Maps of Florida' used by the hunting party, whether 'derived from the highest sources of authority' or 'culled from geographers of less topographical distinction', were equally 'signal failures' in the recording of particulars, it being 'beyond the power of the most painstaking and conscientious of chart-makers to keep up with the changes on the coast'. Similarly, the maritime climate of the region is highly unpredictable and a 'great many of those indications which men who follow the seas in Northern zones, and about which they are so everlastingly oracular and prophetic, come to nothing in the Gulf. Prognostications are spent breath'. (218) Describes how 'in the economy of nature, so far as constructive process goes, the mangrove, in combination with the oyster, has had much to do with the building up of this western fringe of Florida', explaining that when oysters die they release their grip on the mangroves on which they have lived and 'fall in the shallow water. The calcareous portions of the shells dissolve in part, but some of the débris, with the silicious matter, remains. A little more soil under water is made, and here will sprout another mangrove, certain in time to have its oyster appendages' (218–19). In this perpetual process 'nature's laws of life and death are balanced, and make up that grand everlasting harmony' (220). Also describes the strange noises emitted by various marine creatures, including 'fish [...] singing a solo for our benefit' which was 'raucous, like a cry of distress, and it irritated the nerves at times', and a 'much more pleasing' sound that was 'put down [...] to the action of shell-fish', and which had 'unknown, indescribable cadences, which Mendelssohn might have imagined when he composed his Meerstille' (226).
FAQ: What Does Frankincense Represent In The Bible? What is frankincense used for in the Bible? Frankincense is the gum or resin of the Boswellia tree, used for making perfume and incense. It was one of the ingredients God instructed the Israelites to use in making the pure and sacred incense blend for the most holy place in the tabernacle. What did Jesus do with the gold frankincense and myrrh? One legend says the thieves crucified with Jesus had stolen the gold given him at birth. Another says that Judas was made custodian of the gifts and he sold them and pocketed the money. There is a story that the myrrh given to Jesus as a child was used in his burial. What was frankincense and myrrh used for in biblical times? As per the Biblical tale, as recounted in Matthew 2:1-12, an infant Jesus of Nazareth was visited in Bethlehem on the eve of his birth by Magi bearing gifts of gold, frankincense and myrrh. Frankincense was often burned as an incense, while myrrh made its way into medicine and perfume. You might be interested: Question: Why Is The Number 3 Significant In The Bible? What is the importance of frankincense? Frankincense is used in traditional medicine to treat a wide variety of medical conditions. This resin may benefit asthma and arthritis, as well as gut and oral health. It may even have cancer-fighting properties. What is the spiritual meaning of frankincense? Frankincense carries many intrinsic intellectual powers—which is no wonder, considering its popularity in traditional religious and spiritual ceremonies. It has a relentless insistence on independence, tolerance for adversity, and encourages freedom of expression and clarity. Why did they give Jesus frankincense? The gift of frankincense is said to have been an acknowledgement of Jesus‘ priesthood, setting him apart from a typical king. Frankincense was used in the temple routines, burned ceremonially by the priests. What is the purpose of frankincense and myrrh? They are mainly used to treat blood stasis, inflammation, swelling, and pain [7]. Prescription drugs containing frankincense and myrrh in combination have definite curative effects on many chronic diseases, and have been clinically proven. What is myrrh used for in the Bible? Myrrh was an ingredient of Ketoret: the consecrated incense used in the First and Second Temples at Jerusalem, as described in the Hebrew Bible and Talmud. Myrrh is also listed as an ingredient in the holy anointing oil used to anoint the tabernacle, high priests and kings. Was there a 4th Wise Man? Story. The story is an addition and expansion of the account of the Biblical Magi, recounted in the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament. It tells about a “fourthwise man (accepting the tradition that the Magi numbered three), a priest of the Magi named Artaban, one of the Medes from Persia. You might be interested: Question: What Does The Bible Say About Original Sin? What does frankincense smell like? Oftentimes described as a sweet and woody scent with notes of lemon, frankincense is an aromatic resin that’s extracted from the bark of Boswellia trees. Today, the essential oil is used in an array of products including incense, perfume, candles, and even some skin care products. Where does the best frankincense come from? Most frankincense comes from about five species of Boswellia trees, found in North Africa and India, but also in Oman, Yemen, and western Africa. The trees look gnarled and knotty, like a desert bonsai. What is the color of myrrh? Myrrh is a reddish-brown dried sap from a thorny tree — Commiphora myrrha, also known as C. molmol — that is native to northeastern Africa and southwest Asia ( 1, 2). A steam distillation process is used to extract myrrh essential oil, which is amber to brown in color and has an earthy scent (3). Why is frankincense the king of oils? Frankincense has earned its title as “The King of Oils” because of its versatility. When used topically, frankincense touts powerful anti-aging properties. It promotes cellular function and the appearance of healthy-looking skin, evening out skin tone and minimizing blemishes. How do you use frankincense? Although some may recommend ingesting a small amount of frankincense with food, this isn’t a medically sound approach. You shouldn’t ingest any essential oil. Instead, dilute one to two drops of frankincense oil with 1 to 2 drops of a carrier oil, such as coconut or jojoba oil. How many times is frankincense mentioned in the Bible? The Bible lists frankincense as: A part of ceremonial offerings (Referenced several times in Leviticus 2, 5, 6, 24; Numbers 5, 1 Chronicles 9, Nehemiah 13) Leave a Reply Related Post
Veksler, B. Z., Boyd, R., Myers, C. W., Gunzelmann, G., Neth, H., & Gray, W. D. (2017). Visual working memory resources are best characterized as dynamic, quantifiable mnemonic traces. Topics in Cognitive Science, 9, 83–101. doi: 10.1111/tops.12248 Visual working memory (VWM) is a construct hypothesized to store a small amount of accurate perceptual information that can be brought to bear on a task. Much research concerns the construct’s capacity and the precision of the information stored. Two prominent theories of VWM representation have emerged: slot-based and continuous-resource mechanisms. Prior modeling work suggests that a continuous resource that varies over trials with variable capacity and a potential to make localization errors best accounts for the empirical data. Questions remain regarding the variability in VWM capacity and precision. Using a novel eye-tracking paradigm, we demonstrate that VWM facilitates search and exhibits effects of fixation frequency and recency, particularly for prior targets. Whereas slot-based memory models cannot account for the human data, a novel continuous-resource model does capture the behavioral and eye tracking data, and identifies the relevant resource as item activation. Figure: An example of a stimulus in this experiment. The labels of the circles were invisible until the cursor hovered over it. Resources: PDF \| Wiley Online Library \| Google Scholar
Caustic Soda Caustic soda is a very commonly used inorganic compound in the industries. It is the main constituent in the manufacture of paper, textiles, soaps, detergents etc. The scientific formula of Caustic Soda is NaOH (called as Sodium Hydroxide). Since, the compound contains only Sodium, Hydrogen, and Oxygen (no carbon) it is an inorganic compound. It is also known to have a strongly basic nature, that is why it is corrosive to the skin. So let us now see how caustic soda is prepared It is prepared by the electrolysis of Brine( conc. Sodium chloride solution ) We get Caustic soda, chlorine gas and hydrogen gas as the product of electrolysis of brine. These products of electrolysis have several important uses. Hydrogen gas is used as fuel and to make products like Margarine and ammonia for fertilizers. Chlorine gas kills germs so it is used in water treatment. It is also used in manufacturing of ( polyvinyl chloride ) and ( chloroflorocarbon ). is used for de-greasing metals and in the manufacturing of soaps and detergents. It is also used in the manufacturing of paper, common salt and artificial fibres. Caustic soda is an inorganic compound with chemical formula . It is manufactured by the electrolysis of brine. It is used in the manufacturing of soaps, common salt, detergents, papers and artificial fibres. The End
Economic Inequality Analysis 2171 Words9 Pages 1. Introduction The issue of economic inequalities has become more and more important nowadays and is expected to be an even more important topic in the future. According to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) (2014) economic inequality is described by the gap between rich and poor and the unequal distribution of income. However it does not only deal with the distribution of income. During the time the distribution of for instance education opportunities became also an important factor especially in emerging economies. “Emerging economies are low-income, rapid growth countries using economic liberalization as their primary engine of growth” (Hockisson, Eden & Lau, 2000, p. 249). Nearly every comprehensive assessment…show more content… During the time economists began to do research on methods how to assess economic inequalities by taking the level of income as a basis of their calculations. One of the two methods of measuring inequalities is the Gini coefficient. “The Gini coefficient (Gini, 1909, Gini, 1912) is one of the most widely used measures of income inequality. It is frequently explained in terms of the Lorenz curve (Lorenz, 1905), which plots the cumulative distribution of income against the cumulative percentage of population (where the data are ordered from the lowest income individuals or groups, to the highest)” (Rogerson, 2013, p.…show more content… The paper mentions some of them in the first section of the main part. One of the big factors is income inequality, which is described and measured using the Gini coefficient and the Lorenz curve. Furthermore the informal sector plays a big role. People working in this sector are most likely not covered by insurance and thus have a much higher risk to keep living in poverty due to job insecurity and underpayment. Another key factors driving inequalities is education. People do not have access to higher education in most of the EEs but the development is positive. EEs begin to build universities and start sending their young workforce to highly developed countries to gain knowledge and bring it back to their country. In contrast to the drivers there are mostly governmental policies tackling inequalities. Governments try to implement unemployment protection legislations to give more rights to people and give an incentive to work in the formal sector. The second factor discussed this paper are the minimum wage policies with which the government attempts to move people out of poverty and bring wages to a more equal level. Although there are exceptions in many of the EEs the implementation of minimum wages was done in most of them and is starting to More about Economic Inequality Analysis Open Document
Breast Cancer – Causes, Symptoms and Treatment Breast ϲancer is a malignant (cancerous) growth that begins in the tіssues of the breast. Οver the course of a lifetime, one in eight women will be diagnosed with breast cancer. Breast cancer is a cancer of the breast tissue, wһich can occur in both women and men. Breast cancer may be one of the оlⅾest known forms of cancer tumors in humans.Worldԝide, breast cancer is the fifth most common cause of cancer death (after lᥙng cancer, stοmаch cancer, liver cancer, and colon cancer). Breast cancer kills more women in the United States than any cancer except lung cancer. Today, breast cancer, like other forms of canceг, is considered to be a result of damage to DNA. How thiѕ mechanism may occur comes from several known or hypothеsiᴢed factorѕ (such as exposure to ionizing radiаtion, or viral mutagenesis). Some faϲtors leaԁ to an increaѕed rate of mutation (еxposure to eѕtrogеns) and decreased repair (the BᎡCA1, BRCA2 and p53) genes. Alcohoⅼ generally appears to increase the risk of breast ｃɑncer. Breast cancer ϲan ɑlso օccur in men, аlthough it rarely does. Experts predict 178,000 women and 2,000 men will ⅾevelop breast cancer in the United States. There аre ѕeѵeral different typеѕ of breast cancer. First is Ductal carｃinoma begіns in the cells lining the ducts tһat bring milk to the nipple and accоunts for mⲟrｅ than 75% of breast cancers. Second is Lobular carcinoma begins in the milk-secreting gⅼands of the breast but is otherwise faiгly similar in its behaviⲟг to ductal carcinoma. Other varieties of breast cancer can arise from the skin, fat, connective tissues, and other cells present in the breast. Some women have what is қnown as HER2-positive breast cancer. ᎻER2, short for human epidermal gгowth factor receptor-2, is a gene that helps control cell grߋwth, dіvision, and repair. When cells have tοo many cоpies of this gene, cell growth speeds ᥙp. Causes of Breaѕt Cancer Simply Ƅeing a woman is the main rіsk for breast cancer. Ԝhile men can also get the disease, it іs about 100 times more common in women than in men. The chance of getting breast cancer goes up as a w᧐man gets older. Nearly 8 out of 10 breast cancers are found in women age 50 or оlder. About 5% to 10% of ƅreast cancers are linked to changes (mutations) in certain genes. Тhe most common gene chаnges aｒe those of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. This is differеnt from the first cancer coming back Many experts now believe that the main reason for this is because they have faster growing tumors. Asiɑn, Hispanic, and Ameriⅽan Indian women һave a lower rіsk of getting breast cancer. Certain tүpes of abnormaⅼ biopsy results can be linked to a slightly higheг risk of breast cancer.Women who have had radiation treatmｅnt to the chest area (as treatment for another cancer) earlier in life have a grеatly increased risk of breast cancer Some pregnant women wеre given the drug DES (diethylstilbestrol) because it was thought tο lower their chances of losing the baby. Recent studies have shown that these women (and their daughterѕ who were exposed to DES while in tһe uterus), have a slightly increased risk of getting breаst cancer. Use of alcohol is cⅼearly linked tߋ a sliɡhtly increased risk of getting breaѕt cancer. Women who have 1 drink a day have a very small increased risk. Those who have 2 to 5 drinks daily have about 1½ times the risk of women who drink no ɑⅼcohol. The Ameгiϲan Cɑncer Society suggests limitіng the amount you drink.Being overweigһt is linked to a higher risk of breast cancer, esⲣecially for women after chаnge of ⅼife and if the weight gain toօk place during adulthood. Also, the risk seems to be higher if the extrа fat is in the waist area. Breast-feeding and pregnancｙ: Some studies have shown that breast-feeɗing sⅼigһtly lowers breast cancer risk, especially if the breast-feeding lasts 1½ to 2 years. This cⲟսlⅾ be becauѕe breast-feeding lowers a womans total number of menstrual periods, as does pregnancy. Women who began having periods early (before 12 years of age) or who went through the change of life (menopause) after the age of 55 have a ѕliցhtly incгeased risk of breast cancer. Symptoms of Breast Cancer 3.Breast Pain. 5.Nipple Discharge. 6.Inverted Nipple. Treatment of Breast Cancer 1.Hormonal theraρy (with tаmoxifen). Leave a comment
Readers ask: What Does Bursitis In The Shoulder Feel Like? Shoulder Bursitis Bursae are sac-like structures that form where there is friction in the body and become irritated and inflamed when there is too much friction. Symptoms of bursitis vary by type and severity but may include swelling, tenderness, pain, and/or fever. Skin, tendons, and ligaments would wear out if there were no bursa between them and bony surfaces. What causes bursitis? Bursal irritation is divided into three categories: the first is caused by repeated irritation of the bursa, the second is called infected bursitis and is more serious, and the third is caused by rubbing an extremity against a hard surface. What are the symptoms of bursitis? Chronic bursitis is characterized by long-term swelling that can become warm and painful without becoming infected. An infected bursa can make you feel very sick, feverish, and tired, and the affected area may also be tender and warm. How can I tell which type of bursitis I have? Chronic bursitis causes swelling but lacks the other more serious symptoms of an infected bursa, such as redness, inflammation, fever, and pain. Medical help should be sought as soon as possible. What is the treatment for bursitis? Infected bursitis requires immediate medical attention; icing and NSAIDs (anti-inflammatory medications) can help reduce swelling. Protective gear is especially important for football players, wrestlers, and basketball players, as well as gardeners, roofers, and carpet layers. What can I do if the symptoms of bursitis do not improve? If you treat your symptoms as directed, they should improve in a few days, but if they don’t, you should see a doctor. We recommend reading: Question: What Does Bell's Palsy Feel Like? When is surgery indicated for bursitis? Bursitis is rarely treated surgically, with the most common surgical treatment being an incision and drainage. Occasionally, the entire bursa must be surgically excised, but this is only done if the bursal swelling is causing problems. Can bursitis be a sports-related injury? Bursitis is caused by rubbing an extremity repeatedly on a hard surface (such as in football, wrestling, or basketball). It can be treated by using knee or elbow pads to keep the bursa from swelling. What about bursitis in the shoulder? Bursitis can also occur in the shoulder as a result of impingement; the bursa is usually inflamed but not swollen, and the treatment is similar to chronic bursitis: ice, NSAIDs, and range-of-motion exercises. What is the best treatment for bursitis in the shoulder? Activity modification, immobilization with a splint, icing, injections, aspiration of the bursa (removing fluid with a syringe), antibiotics, or anti-inflammatory pain medication may be used depending on the type of shoulder bursitis. Surgery is rarely required to treat bursitis. How do I get rid of bursitis in my shoulder? Avoid doing things that cause pain to relieve bursitis of the shoulder; the condition can also be treated with anti-inflammatory medications such as Motrin or Advil, as well as cortisone shots and surgery. Where does shoulder bursitis hurt? Share on Pinterest Shoulder bursitis can cause symptoms like limited range of motion in the shoulder and pain at the tip of the shoulder. Pain around the outside or tip of the shoulder is one of the most common symptoms of shoulder bursitis. We recommend reading: Question: What To Do When I Feel Like? How long does it take for shoulder bursitis to heal? The time it takes to heal the condition varies, but when a proper stretching and strengthening program is followed, results can often be seen in 2 to 8 weeks. What happens if bursitis is left untreated? Chronic pain: Untreated bursitis can result in a permanent thickening or enlargement of the bursa, causing chronic inflammation and pain. Muscle atrophy: Long-term reduced use of the joint can result in decreased physical activity and loss of surrounding muscle. How should I sleep with shoulder bursitis? When you’re lying in bed… u2013 1. If you sleep on your non-painful side, hug a pillow in front of you. 2. Place a pillow or rolled towel behind you to help prevent you from rolling to a position that is more uncomfortable for your shoulder while you are in a deep sleep and may not notice it right away. What is the fastest way to heal bursitis in the shoulder? Shoulder bursitis treatment at home 1. Rest the shoulder and avoid activities that you know aggravate your symptoms. 2. Take an over-the-counter pain reliever. 3. Ice the affected area. 4. Wear a shoulder brace. 5. Perform gentle stretching activities. Do cortisone shots cure bursitis? The most common type of bursitis is caused by trauma and responds well to steroid (cortisone-type) injections. A successful steroid injection typically provides relief for four to six months, and the bursitis may completely resolve and never recur after a successful injection. What triggers bursitis? Repetitive motions or positions that put pressure on the bursae around a joint, such as throwing a baseball or lifting something over your head repeatedly, or leaning on your elbows for long periods of time, are the most common causes of bursitis. We recommend reading: Readers ask: What Does A Hypoglycemic Episode Feel Like? What do doctors prescribe for bursitis? The pain and inflammation of bursitis can be relieved by injecting a corticosteroid medication into your bursa; in some cases, your doctor may use ultrasound to guide the injection into the affected bursa. Is bursitis a form of arthritis? Arthritis is a chronic condition that damages bone, cartilage, and joints irreversibly, whereas bursitis is a temporary condition characterized by the painful swelling of bursae. What foods should you avoid if you have bursitis? Alternative therapies may help to reduce the pain and inflammation of bursitis. To help reduce inflammation, eat whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and fatty fish. Avoid processed foods and foods high in sugar and fat. Why is shoulder bursitis pain worse at night? Bursitis in the shoulder is a common cause of nighttime shoulder pain because laying on your side compresses the bursa, intensifying the pain you’d normally feel from the bursitis. Tendonitis is another type of inflammation caused by repetitive use. How should I sleep with shoulder pain? Try out these positions: 1. Lie flat on your back with your injured arm propped up with a pillow. Using a pillow may help reduce stress and pressure on your injured side. Lie on your uninjured side. What cream is good for bursitis? Prescription or over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen, as well as prescription diclofenate, a topical NSAID that can be applied to the skin as a solution, gel, or patch, may help relieve the pain of bursitis. Leave a Reply
Intermediate+ Word of the Day: mate mate (noun, verb) /meɪt/ LISTEN I love going to the pub with my mates. A mate is a husband or wife, a sexual partner, or one of a pair of animals brought together to breed. It is also one of a pair of anything and, in informal UK and Australian English, mate is a really popular term that means ‘friend’ or ‘buddy’ and is also used as a term of address. As a verb, to mate means ‘to bring animals together for breeding purposes’ or ‘to join or connect.’ Example sentences • It is important to find a mate who supports you in everything you do. • I am looking for a suitable mate to breed with my Dalmatian. • Daniel placed the second candlestick alongside its mate on the table. • Lara is going out with her mates tonight. • "All right, mate?" said Ben when he met Adam outside the cinema. • The bulldog's owner mated her with a dog of the same breed. • The engineers mated the telephone system to a computerized information system. Additional information Mate can also be used as part of a compound noun to indicate somebody who shares something. For example, in UK English, a housemate or flatmate would be somebody you share a house or flat with, while a roommate is somebody you share a bedroom with. In US English, roommate can mean someone you share a room, house, or apartment with. Other common examples are teammate (someone who plays a sport on the same team as you) or classmate (someone who is in the same class as you). In pop culture A soulmate is someone you feel a deep connection with, especially a lover or a close friend. The Perfect Soulmate is the title of a 2017 movie, and you can watch the trailer here: Did you know? Mate (pronounced mä′tā) is also a a really popular South American beverage and is an infusion made of the dried leaves of the mate tree. The dried leaves can be called yerba mate or simpy yerba. Mate, meaning ‘an associate, comrade or fellow,’ dates back to the mid-14th century. It came into English from the Middle Low German mate or gemate, which meant ‘messmate, or someone eating at the same table,’ and can be traced back to the Proto-Germanic ga-matjon, from ga– (together) and mati(z) (food), and the Proto-Indo-European root mad– (moist or wet). Mate is related to the German Maat (mate) and the Dutch maat (partner, colleague or friend), as well as the Old Frisian mete, the Old Saxon meti, the Old Norse matr, the Old High German maz and the Gothic mats (all meaning ‘food’), the Sanskrit medas– (fat), the Old Irish mat (pig), and of course the English word meat. The sense ‘usual companion or friend,’ which is still commonly used today, appeared in the late 14th century, and has been used as a term of address since the mid-15th century. The sense ‘one of a married couple’ first appeared in the mid-16th century, and has been used figuratively for breeding animal pairs and pairs of objects since the late 16th century. The sense expanded to ‘a couple’ (not necessarily married) in the late 20th century. The verb, originally meaning ‘to equal or rival,’ dates back to around the year 1500, and comes from the noun. The senses ‘to couple,’ ‘to join in marriage,’ ‘to be joined in companionship’ or ‘to march as mates’ appeared in the late 16th century, while ‘to pair (animals) for breeding’ has been used since around the year 1600. Print Friendly, PDF & Email Word of the Day is released Monday through Friday. Previous Post Next Post You Might Also Like
How do you check mesh in Ansys? If you look under Mesh –> Statistics –> Mesh Metric you will find a drop down menu as shown in the image below. You can pick from a number of different metrics and ANSYS will provide the mesh statistics for the selected metric. How do I find my mesh details in Ansys? To view the mesh for the entire simulation: 1. Right-click on the wireframe in the 3D Viewer and select Show surface mesh to display the mesh. 2. Click the “Z” axis of triad in the viewer to get a side view of the object. How do you check mesh? Here are four important parameters that must follow to generate a suitable mesh: 1. Cell aspect ratio: The aspect ratio is the ratio of longest edge length to shortest edge length. … 2. Skewness: It is one of the primary quality measures for a mesh. … 3. Orthogonality : … 4. smoothness: How do I know if my mesh is good enough? The most basic and accurate way to evaluate mesh quality is to refine the mesh until a critical result such as the maximum stress in a specific location converges: meaning that it doesn’t change significantly as the mesh is a refinement. IT IS INTERESTING: How do I downgrade a Revit file? How do you show mesh quality in Ansys Workbench? To see the ‘Element Quality’ of the obtained mesh structure, click on the ‘Mesh’ tab as in the green box then select the ‘Element Quality’ as shown by the green arrow above from the ‘Mesh Metric’ option inside the Statistics tab. You can see the graph of the ‘Element Quality’ mesh metric in ANSYS® Mesher. How do I find my Ansys details? There are three ways to get it, not just the icon on the toolbar: 1. Click the Icon. 2. In the menu go to View>Windows>Selection Information. 3. Double-click on the Selection details at the bottom of the ANSYS Mechanical Window. What is FEA mesh? What is meshing? In Finite Element Analysis (FEA) the goal is to simulate some physical phenomena using a numerical technique called the Finite Element Method (FEM). … So in FEM, we create a mesh which splits the domain into a discrete number of elements for which the solution can be calculated. How do you improve mesh quality in Ansys? 5 Tips on How To Create a Better Mesh 1. A Simplified and Clean Watertight Geometry. … 2. Deciding and Maintaining a Good General Grid Size. … 3. Increasing Mesh Fineness at Critical Areas. … 4. Boundary-Layer Refinement and Y+ … 5. Mesh Convergence Study. What is mesh metric in Ansys? “Mesh Metrics” is one of the most useful features in determining the correct shape and size of the elements. You can find a range of criteria for quality check of your mesh, however, in this article, we will only explain, Aspect Ratio, Jacobian Ratio and Skewness. What does a good mesh look like? The aspect ratio is defined as the ratio of the shortest length of the element to the longest length of the element. … A good mesh will, however, have nearly all of its elements with a small aspect ratio or a value less than 3. Although this won’t always be possible especially with larger more complicated models. Can a mesh be too fine? If the mesh is too fine that can cause problems with single precision numerics. This is especially the case where you have a large range of mesh sizes, such as very fine mesh to resolve near-wall behaviour but coarse mesh in the distance. This is easily fixed by going to double precision numerics in most cases. What is the default mesh size in ANSYS? The default is 1.85. What is a good element quality in ANSYS? If you are using Fluent, please use orthogonal quality. You should have min ortho quality as 0.1. Below this value, mesh is bad and needs improvement. 0 is worst and 1 is best. How do you check mesh quality in fluent meshing? To check the quality of your mesh, you can use the Report Quality button in the General task page. An important factor that show mesh quality is skewness. if you use Gambit in mesh examine select equisize skew and choose range. What is mesh quality in Ansys? The quality of the mesh plays a significant role in the accuracy and stability of the numerical computation. The attributes associated with mesh quality are node point distribution, smoothness, and skewness. Regardless of the type of mesh used in your domain, checking the quality of your mesh is essential. IT IS INTERESTING: What programs use SVG files? What is mesh quality? A Definition of Mesh Quality: “The characteristics of a mesh that permit a numerical PDE simulation to be performed with fidelity to the underlying physics, accuracy, and efficiency.” … The quality of a mesh depends on the discretization scheme, the solver, the PDE, and the physical solution.
Pedro Sttau Oct 30, 2021 8 min read The Foundations of the API Gateway Understanding the scope of the API Gateway, its capabilities, boundaries and common implementation mistakes. At its core, the function of an API gateway is to act as a transit between different services/applications (not necessarily micro-services). It is commonly used in the context of Cloud native architecture but not exclusively as there are use cases that leverage an API Gateway as a critical component to move from a legacy monolithic architecture to APIs and Microservices. In either case, an API Gateway will provide an abstraction layer that simplifies the process of exposing and consuming API end-points, managing API traffic while providing key performance and security features that enhance an API driven architecture making it simpler for developers to consume and expose technical assets. An API Gateway is not an API Management tool, it is by inception an API traffic management component that natively does not manage APIs as these should be completely decoupled from the Gateway and are not directly manageable in that sense. Typically, companies that build API Gateway products label their products as API Management tools in the context that they provide full API lifecycle tools beyond the native capabilities of a gateway, these are useful but they are not the essence of what a gateway provides. Another common misconception is that an API Gateway is a type of load balancer, while it offers load balancing capabilities its main purpose is to optimize API traffic through optimal routing, using policies that are specifically tailored for APIs. On the other hand the job of a load balancer is to manage load and route traffic to resources that are able to handle the load, a common pattern is the use of a load balancer in front of API gateway instances, particularly if these are on premises and are unable to auto-scale. In addition to this, load Balancers typically do not handle authentication between services, they don’t provide caching, throttling or any of the API specific features we will find in an API Gateway. Companies that have a large number of API endpoints and user bases will benefit from all the features of an API Gateway. In this context, due to their sheer scale it’s common for stakeholders to lose track of what endpoints are available to consume, an API Gateway is able to provide a common denominator across all available APIs and is able to apply in a unified way policy driven security features that apply equality to all APIs, irrespective of their protocols and structure. In the Enterprise space one of the main differences is in the constraints that these companies typically operate in, particularly those operating on premises infrastructure or Hybrid cloud. When an API Gateway is implemented on-premise infrastructure its scale is limited to the Hardware Capability that has been provisioned upfront, presenting a very different setting compared to a public cloud deployment with theoretical unlimited ability to scale the hardware up to meet demand. While in the public cloud we can use a single API Gateway replicated across multiple instances that scale dynamically to meet demand, in the context of on-premises we are dealing with predefined hardware capabilities. When operating under these conditions we should guard against making the Gateway a Single point of failure, decoupling as much responsibility from it as possible, in most of these use cases the best implementation of an API Gateway is for it to act as a pure reverse proxy, delegating rate limiting and other functionality away from the Gateway cluster. Native features of the API Gateway IP Whitelisting Restrict and/or whitelist IP address ranges, access is typically configured through an access policy manager where restrictions can be implemented alongside how the gateway will handle and limitations and display them to users. Using AWS’s API Gateway as an example, the resource policies feature allows users to assign JSON policy documents to resources and determine which IAM group, user or role has access to them. Transit message encryption Protect messages between services that go through the API Gateway ensuring there is a common standard applied across all information in transit. In the case of the Amazon API Gateway, it doesn’t support unencrypted workloads which sets a good minimum security standard. Rate limiting Rate limiting is the capability to limit the number of requests to an API, using a throttling mechanism to manage the queuing and in some cases the priority of the requests. Configurations are defined at a policy level, and apply to all requests and protocols. Rate limiting is also considered to be a security feature as it potentially limits the impact of a DDOS attack limiting the possible number of concurrent requests between services. If an API gateway has been deployed on-premises, enabling rate limiting inside the gateway is a potential risk as it could become a single point of failure if the consumption planning is not done adequately. This creates a monolithic dependency on a component that cannot meet scale demands dynamically due to hardware limitations. As mentioned above, in this particular use case it is a good idea to keep the API Gateway as light as possible and not let it handle the contract between different microservices rate limiting is in itself business logic that should sit within the micro services and not given to an external component that cannot scale to handle. API Composition & Routing The job of an API Gateway is not just limited to routing requests from service to service, it cares about performance and efficiency — This is where API composition comes into play. API Composition or aggregation is the process of combining results from the query of different services into a single response. While this is not ideal for large data sets it is a very simple and efficient way of providing an ideal route from the requestor to the service. Instead of having to implement caching at the service level or allowing requests to hit the endpoints directly, it’s possible to cache at API gateway level avoiding the need for requests to hit the services all together until the TTL expires. While caching is a native feature common to most API Gateways, the granularity of the configuration differs on the product offering and implementation. Logging tracing Modern API Gateways typically provide out of the box logging capabilities, enabling tracing of all API traffic going through the API Gateway, surfacing metrics around the requests from and to the Gateway, the URL, the parameters being requested along with how they perform from the perspective of the Gateway without offering the granularity that should sit within the dominant that owns the API. Other monitoring capabilities are also important, for example AWS Cloud watch uses Cloudwatch to surface metrics from the API Gateway such as Rest API execution, this holds a lot of value as it is able to provide comparative metrics between different APIs. Products like Axway provide a stand alone interface for monitoring — API Gateway Manager — providing real time inbound and outbound traffic metrics from the API Gateway along with dynamic tracing and logging capabilities. API Versioning Handling different versions of APIs is an important feature of an API Gateway. Kong handles versions through routing, the version is defined in the Uniform Resource Identifier or through Header-Based Versioning. Products like offer a full life cycle management of APIs, versions are set by unique names that match against version tags that are identified through the hade key or query parameter. API Versioning is an important strategy that helps prevent codebreaking changes to existing APIs with consumers, allowing developers to slowly depreciate older versions of API’s that are still in use minimizing impact to users. This is critical for internal API users but perhaps even more important when working with third party consumers of APIs that do not have direct access to the domain owners, as in, the actual developers. The question regarding when it is necessary for a change to create a new version is debatable. In theory, any change to an API should produce a new version, however this is not always practical as generating too many versions of an API adds complexity and users would need to go through numerous APIs to understand what to consume. There are a fair amount of decisions that have to be made when providing a versioned API. The most important decision is how to determine when the version should change. To be clear, not all API changes require a version change. Here’s the key determinant for a new version: are you changing the functionality in such a way that breaks current implementations? If the answer is yes, then it’s time for a new version; if no, then a new version isn’t necessary. Nicholas Z Zahcas Extending beyond the API Gateway Service discovery becomes an important feature, especially in larger organizations operating under architectures where there are frequent changes to services exposed through API and when reliance exclusively on communication between people inside the organization is no longer possible from a scale perspective. There are different parts to Service discovery: It begins with a service being exposed for consumption outside of the services owner domain, this service needs to be registered somewhere (service registry) in order to be searchable by consumers — Service discovery implies that there is a registry mechanism that can be either programmatic or manual. The discovery mechanism can be manual or automated — Manual discovery is implemented through work-flow and while it is certainly better than no discovery it creates an overhead that will make it very difficult to scale over time. Automated client-side service discovery tools like Eureka help microservices find each other without the owners having to go through onboarding portals or hard coding URLs into micro services. The Eureka server will have all the Ports, IPs of all the apps registered on it, essentially becoming a self maintainable discovery point for all microservices. It’s important to distinguish the boundary between service discovery and the API Gateway. A service discovery typically does not handle authentication, dynamic routing nor does it secure any of the traffic that goes through it — its main job is to match an inquiry with the location of a service. An API Gateway is a strategic technical component in modern architecture, the decision to implement it needs to be driven by a use case, it should not be put in place by default. In the context of a monolithic architecture or when there are very few microservices exposed, an API Gateway may not be needed, it could make more sense to use a simple reverse proxy or allow client to microservice communication to take place, any new component that is added to will require expertise and needs to be maintained, this adds overhead in cost and effort. Introducing an API Gateway into a legacy architecture is not going to modernize it, but given the right use case it can be an excellent way to secure and improve the performance of API traffic and a way to simplify the interface between clients and microservices. API Gateways Products
A young man holding a bowl, following a sugar-free diet with Nutriplus Natose by QNET Sugar is common in every household, and it is used in most of our favourite food items. It is present in sweet delicacies, including sugar-filled chocolates, creamy cakes, mouth-watering sweets and even cold drinks. Now, most of us have our cravings and indulging in them once in a while shouldn’t be a problem. However, if we consume it on a regular basis, it can be extremely harmful to our health. It is important to reduce sugar intake and consider starting a sugar-free diet. Now, a sugar-free diet might initially seem like a preposterous idea, but let’s understand the effects of sugar on our health and perhaps using sugar substitutes can help us start a sugar-free diet The effects of sugar on our health A young man checking diabetes Sugar is sweet on the tongue but not so sweet for our health. Regular consumption of sugar can be very harmful to our health. Here are some of the most common concerns that one might experience due to sugar consumption – Causes obesity Sugar contains no major nutrients. This means that it does not contain proteins, vitamins, minerals, or good fats. It only provides taste and carbs. As a result, people who consume sugar in large amounts usually gain weight because it is just empty calories. Obesity is further a cause of chronic health issues. Moreover, it hinders an individual’s ability to stay active and further reduces confidence. So, obesity is easily a major concern of regular sugar consumption. Causes chronic health conditions Excessive sugar consumption causes inflammation and an increase in bad cholesterol levels leading to major health conditions such as Type 2 diabetes, liver disease and cardiovascular diseases. Diabetes is one of the most common health conditions associated with sugar. It occurs when our body is unable to regulate blood sugar levels. Type 2 Diabetes often occurs when the pancreas stops producing enough insulin and when the body stops responding to insulin. While Type 2 Diabetes can occur due to multiple reasons, one of the most common observations is the presence of high blood sugar levels in diabetic patients. Sugar can further increase triglyceride levels, leading to the thickening of artery walls, becoming a major cause of heart stroke, heart attack, and other major heart diseases. Furthermore, excessive sugar consumption can also lead to liver damage. Now, alcohol consumption is usually thought to be the main cause of liver disease. However, sugar can be equally dangerous due to the excessive accumulation of fatty acids leading to Non-alcoholic Fatty Acid Liver disease. This is just the tip of the iceberg, there are many more harmful health conditions that an individual may experience due to the regular consumption of sugar. Leads to bad dental health We’ve been warned not to eat too many chocolates since our childhood. Well, it’s not just chocolate, but all our favourite sweet items because they contain fermentable carbohydrates (including sugars, both naturally occurring and added) that can increase the risk of cavities. Now, if we are not careful about maintaining dental health, it can come back to cause a lot of pain in the future. Therefore, limiting sugar consumption and taking proper care of our dental health is necessary. But that’s not the only problem that regular consumption of sugar causes. Apparently, sugar addiction is yet another worrying factor for most individuals. Sugar addiction Sugar addiction is the psychological dependence on food items containing sugar. When we consume a food item containing sugar, our brains release opioids and dopamine in our bodies. Now, dopamine is the reward or pleasure hormone in our body. So, every time we get a sugar rush, it is mostly to satiate the sugar addiction. These are some of the most harmful effects of sugar on our health. But what are the best ways to reduce sugar consumption? A health-conscious woman beating sugar addiction by saying no to sugar with sugar cubes in her hand How to reduce sugar from our diet? The most common way is to completely avoid food items that contain sugar. Many individuals attempt to go on a sugar-free diet, usually, fail and revert back to old eating habits. At the same time, other individuals who’re addicted to sugar may experience withdrawal symptoms. So, going completely sugarless might be hard initially. Another possible solution is to regulate the consumption of our favourite sweets or have them only during a cheat meal. But regulation might also be hard, and most of us usually give in to the temptations of relishing our favourite mouth-watering food items. Now, another possible way is to use sugar substitutes. This allows us to consume our favourite dishes without worrying about sugar. One of the best sugar substitutes is brought to you by QNET’s Nutriplus Natose Liquid Stevia, a healthy alternate to avoid sugar without compromising on the taste. Switch to a sugar-free diet with Nutriplus Natose Stevia by QNET Nutriplus Natose Stevia is a very healthy alternative to sugar. It is a natural sweetener made from the liquid extract of Stevia plant leaves. Stevia is up to 40 times sweeter than sugar but has zero calories. Just a few drops of stevia can sweeten the taste of our favourite food items and beverages. Nutriplus Natose Stevia by QNET In addition, it is ideal for weight management as it provides no calories and a minimal amount of carbs to keep us on top of our fitness goals. Furthermore, it is the perfect solution to keep blood sugar levels down as it contains no sugar and has a Glycemic Index (GI) of zero. Thus, it helps in diabetes management. Well, that’s not all! Some studies even suggest that stevia has antibacterial properties that may help with gingivitis, cavities, tooth decay and mouth sores. Overall, it is very beneficial for preventing oral health conditions also. Natose is a natural sweetener. It doesn’t contain any added flavour or synthetic sweeteners. Moreover, there are no side effects, and it is completely safe to use. It is also heat stable, so we can easily add a few drops to improve the taste of our favourite beverages. But what food items are compatible with Natose and what is the recommended serving? How to use Nutriplus Natose by QNET? A young man pouring Nutriplus Natose Stevia in coffee Unlike refined sugar and most other sweeteners, Nutriplus Stevia doesn’t require a lot of time or effort to mix with your favourite food items. All we have to do is add two to four drops depending on the food item and for desired sweetness. And that’s it! We can relish our favourite food and beverages without any hassle. Furthermore, we can add Natose to all our favourite food items, including homemade sweets, milkshakes, baked items and other desserts. So, now you can go completely sugar-free with Nutriplus Natose Stevia. Start your Sugar-free diet with Nutriplus Natose by QNET A happy woman drinking coffee in the park with Nutriplus Natose by QNET in the frame Stevia is one of the best alternatives for sugar. For all those with a sweet tooth, it’s probably hard to keep your hands off those sweet items. However, with Natose, you don’t have to worry anymore about gaining unhealthy calories or contracting health conditions that one might experience due to sugar consumption. Nutriplus Natose is the perfect substitute so that you can continue indulging in your favourite sweet dishes guilt-free. It is a very potent liquid extract that tastes great and is compatible with all foods and beverages. It is one of the best possible solutions for managing weight, keeping a check on diabetes and staying fit. Go ahead and make the sweet choice for good health with a sugar-free diet. Nutriplus Natose by QNET sweetens life without any sugar – Available from your QNET India eStore! Would you like to purchase this product ? Buy Now Know more and connect with us at : [email protected]
Foreign Affairs Stalemate: The US – Iran Conflict 2020 kicked off with the United States and Iran teetering on the brink of war, then waiting for either side to take the plunge into combat. The death of top Iranian general Qassem Soleimani in an American drone strike in Iraq and the unintentional shooting down of a passenger plane killing 176 by Iran brought the tensions between these two adversaries to the forefront of public attention. These events are just small parts of a dilemma among the two countries spanning years. In May 2018, President Trump not only withdrew from the Iran nuclear accord but also imposed economic sanctions on Iran. This began a process in which both countries have made gains but also taken substantial losses in each issue at stake. Analysts agree that the modest victories each side secures serves mostly to harm the other side — not bring any concrete gains. Consequently, this tit-for-tat behavior has created a negative-sum situation. The United States continues to face many obstacles, such as pushback from rebel groups and disavowment of involvement from Tehran, in its initiative to end Iran-backed armed proxies, limit Iran’s nuclear program, and, most ambitiously, restructure the balance of power in the Middle East to reduce Iran’s influence in the region. Despite these efforts, Iran has been able to secure power in the region and disentangle itself from Trump’s economic sanctions when establishing political control. This twenty month-long saga is an unprecedented lesson in the bounds of zero-sum conflicts. Regarding Iran’s use of armed proxies, American progress is limited and hard to identify. Iran uses these proxies to dominate the Middle East, and the United States’ efforts to dissuade such use have not been effective. In fact, Iran’s use of proxies has increased. Regarding Iran’s nuclear program, President Trump withdrew the United States from the 2015 nuclear accord because he was under the impression that Iran was in the process of developing a nuclear weapon. However, this was not only debunked by international inspectors, but also by the United States’ own intelligence community. After the United States withdrew, Iran has been making efforts to reinstate the diplomatic and economic benefits that the original agreement offered. American gains from the withdrawal have yet to make themselves known. In fact, the United States has suffered a number of losses since the withdrawal, such as condemnation by European allies and loss of trade to Iran for American companies. Iran has not agreed to any restrictions on their nuclear program besides those outlined in the 2015 agreement. The United States has benefited from the fact that Iran has thus far been unable to substantially increase its progress on the nuclear front, but Iran’s regional influence and status rests on more than its nuclear and ballistics programs. The international coalition made up of representatives from the United States, the United Kingdom, France, China, Russia, and Germany that drafted and policed the agreement with Iran has been broken up, passing along the burden of upholding a status quo to Washington — all without the legislative backing of the accord. Trump’s choice to withdraw from the nuclear accord also makes Iran less motivated to succumb to nuclear concessions, even if a new accord presents itself. This also applies to Iran’s allies in the area, who are likely very skeptical of the American plan for the Middle East. Because of American disregard for the accord, Iran is much less likely to make a deal with the United States again since the Americans have lost credibility. Iran was expertly able to exploit the outrage around the globe that came of America’s withdrawal in order to circumvent certain nuclear restrictions, but overall, Iranian gains were relatively modest. Statements from the Iranian government convey the idea that the task at hand is not simply the development of a nuclear weapon but instead bringing back the diplomatic and economic advantages the deal instituted. However, Iran is not making any progress towards this goal. The economy has suffered a lot under the new sanctions, which has created discontent and unrest amongst the Iranian people. Iran’s use of proxies has also soured its relationship with European countries it was depending on to convince the United States to refrain from withdrawing. France even attempted to give Iran $15 billion worth of credit in order to convince Iran to adhere to the terms of the nuclear accord, but this deal fragmented after opposition from the United States. The foremost effect of the death of General Suleimani was the passage in Iraq’s Parliament of a bill demanding that all American troops leave the country. At this point, American troops have yet to begin exiting, and it is still unclear if they will eventually leave. While both the United States and Iraq have yet to act and are quietly keeping troops confined to base, the actions of the United States blatantly disregarded Iraqi sovereignty. This dynamic leaves the fight against the Islamic State, led by the United States, in limbo. Suleimani played a large role in defeating the Islamic State in Iraq, and without his presence, Islamic State is likely to stage a resurgence. This sort of strife allows Sunni extremists to gain power within the region. Furthermore, Iraq’s Persian Gulf allies like Saudi Arabia and Yemen are seeking to temper conflict; this has the United States in an awkward limbo with a limited amount of outside support in controlling the power of Iran. Iran took a major loss with the death of General Suleimani, who played an important role in Iran’s mission to influence the Middle East. There is also turmoil between Iraq and Iran after Iran fired missiles at military bases in Iraq that were housing soldiers from the United States. This overstepping into Iraqi soil was not looked upon kindly by Iraq. The death of Suleimani also led to a new wave of nationalism in Iran, even though just weeks before, anywhere between 330 and 1,500 protesters were killed by Iranian security forces. This was due to the Iranian government, which provided buses, trains, and trucks to transport people to Suleimani’s funeral. Rallies were televised nonstop in an effort to increase turnout, and the funeral attendance was topped only by that of the father of the Iranian revolution Ayatollah Khomeini in 1989. However, because the country’s economy continues to fare poorly, these feelings amongst the public are likely to die down quickly. The rial has depreciated, and unemployment remains high. With the United States’ economic sanctions, oil exports have dwindled, and a number of other sectors remain stagnant like auto, food, and medicine. With all of these issues considered, the major aspects of the Middle Eastern balance of power appear to have remained relatively the same. The influence of both Iran and the United States have been weakened, and neither side has come any closer to achieving their goals. In simplistic terms, the two countries are at a stalemate. Both the United States and Iran are facing an issue of fading international support after alienating potential allies through their actions. The United States and Iran have shifted dramatically from the standards of the nuclear accord that once was beneficial to both of them. Now, Iran is facing international isolation and crippling sanctions. The little restraint on the development of its nuclear program is not favorable for the United States. The constant retaliatory behavior from Washington and Tehran has raised the stakes for both countries all while making the situation progressively more difficult to de-escalate. The claims of victory from both the United States and Iran do not acknowledge the larger picture of what has become an unwinnable conflict. Categories: Foreign Affairs Tagged as: , , Leave a Reply You are commenting using your account. Log Out / Change ) Google photo Twitter picture Facebook photo Connecting to %s
What year did the knitting began to be popular again by handmade revolution? Aside from letting the history know the existence of knitting in the 13th century, this also depicts the rise of knitting as a home activity for women. During the 14th century, this activity eventually reached the rest of Europe. It became one of the works of the highly skilled craftsmen. When did knitting come to England? We know from archaeological finds in medieval cities and surviving tax lists that the use of knitted goods spread in Europe from the 14th century. In England, the manufacture of knitted caps was sufficiently important to merit control by parliament. When did knitting start in China? The first knitting machine used in China was imported to Shanghai and Guangzhou from abroad in the late of Qing Dynasty. In 1986, weft knitted fabrics began to be made in China. Then, weft knitting technology was developed slowly. Before the World WarⅠ, knitting industry in China was in birth period. What country knits the most? IT IS INTERESTING: Why is my knitting not even? Which came first knitting or crochet? Is knitting making a comeback? Knitting is making a comeback, with new research showing it may help with stress and chronic pain. Knitting is more than a craft. Research shows it can boost your quality of life. One SA wool retailer says there has been more interest in knitting of late. Did people knit in the Middle Ages? In the Middle Ages, a “hot” new thread technology was sweeping Europe. This new technique made it easier than ever to produce colorful and luxurious textiles. … This hot new technology was knitting. It was easy to learn, and fast. What is the most important tool in knitting? Yarn and knitting needles are by far the most important tools for any knitter, but you do need a couple more things if your knitting project is going to be successful. What is the first knitted product? The oldest knitted artifacts are socks from Egypt, dating from the 11th century. They are a very fine gauge, done with complex colourwork and some have a short row heel, which necessitates the purl stitch. Who invented French knitting? The basis of his machine was the Elizabethan “stocking frame”, invented c. 1589 by a Nottingham vicar,Rev. William Lee, to help his wife knit stockings. It worked a bit like “french knitting“, where children make a knitted tube by winding wool round nails on top of a cotton reel. IT IS INTERESTING: How do you pick up a wrap and turn stitch? What was the first thing ever knitted? The first genuine knitted pieces are from Egypt, circa 1000-1400 AD (much later than the nålbinded garments). They include some colorful fragments and intricate socks (sometimes called Coptic socks) knit in white and indigo cotton. How was yarn invented? We still use the same method to make yarn as we did back in 1828. James Thorp invented the ring frame which involves hundreds of upright spindles passed through a system to be further spun and wound. Ring Spinning creates one long piece of spun yarn. When was knit fabric invented? The first references to true knitting in Europe date in the early 14th century, the first knitted socks from Egypt might be slightly older. At these early times, the purl stich was unknown, in order to produce plain knitting they had to knit in the round and then cut it open if required. My handmade joys
The availability of financial capital is a prerequisite for the rapid development and transaction of any nations economy, it is generally acknowledge that the provision and efficient management of the scarce resources is facilitated by the existence and appropriate functioning of financial institutions in the economy, it follows that bank have a vital role to play by making their vast financial resources available for financing and promoting development. According to Anyaele J.O. (1990) commercial banks are institution set up purposely for safekeeping of money, valuable goods and documents like wills and others. He said the existence of banks has been a big boosts to business activities. In an annual dinner of the Nigerian institute of bankers in 1975 in Lagos, the governor of central bank, Mallam Adamu Ciroma, blamed the “excess liquidity in the banking system.” He saw the strict adherence of the commercial banking system to orthodox doctrine of lending short term loan as an in desirable act and urged commercial banks to take some risk in given medium and long term loan. Some of the changes that comes out of the foreign public reaction of commercial banks activities are in the area of declining contribution. The banking system for the country should be National Development. Apart from acting as an agent for mobilization of saving, banking institutions will be expected to play a more dynamic role in the area of stimulation of investment and channeling of such investment to priority sectors of the economy. Commercial banking activities started 1892 with the establishment of the African Banking Corporation ledger depositor and Co. a shipping company based in Liverpool was instrumental in it’s formation. This bank was however, taken over in 1984 by the bank of the British West African which later became standard bank and now first bank of Nigeria Plc with the bank on observation. The next was Barclays bank and company (now Union bank of Nigeria Plc) was established in 1917. These banks were set up to provide banking services for the British Commercial interest and the colonial administration in West African when the west African currency board (Gyasi Central Bank) was set up in 1912, the bank of British became the agent of the currency board. The National Bank of Nigeria came into existence in 1933 as the first indigenous bank that was to survive other banks that were established before that time including the merchant banks, failed as a result of inadequate capital, fraudulent practices and poor management. After the Second World War, economic activities and with high export prices, many banks grow up in the Nigeria economy. Between 1945 and 1947, four (4) other indigenous bank, Africa Continental Bank (ACB) Agbenmagbe, Nigeria farmers and commerce bank were established but only two were able to survive the African Continental Bank and Agbenmagbe Bank (Now Wema Bank). The period (1945 – 1952) was a period of free for all banker. In the period (1905 – 1975) alone 18 banks were established but by 1975 most of them had gone to liquidation or close down by the police or never started business at all. A lot of factor lead to the fall of these banks must had insufficient capital, most expanded their offices too rapidly to cover trading and these were no banking regulations to specify the code of conduct. Nigeria commercial banks have been divided into two (2) main categories namely:- 1. Indigenous bank (owned 100% by Nigerians) and 2. Mixed banks (with majority indigenous shareholders at least 60%) Nigerian law does not allow any foreign bank with a majority foreign interest. Below are some of the products and service the bank offers to its numerous customers in promoting economic development in Nigeria. 1. TERM LOANS: To enable their customer finance specific projects which usually requires large capital outlay, the bank provides medium to long term financing for new project and project expansion. 2. OVERDRAFT FACILITIES: The bank services also include the provision of short-term facilities in form of overdraft. The overdraft facilities are usually granted for a maximum period of one (1) year (which may be renewed annually) to enable their client meet pressing cash calls or finance their working capital needs. 3. INLAND BILLS PURCHASE FACILITY: This facility allows customers to obtain immediate payment on all their bills lodged with the bank by discounting the same with the bank. 4. REQUIREMENT LEASING: For every economy to achieve meaningful growth, it must generate sufficient saving for investment. Crucial to the issue of investment is the need for capital accumulation. Leasing also, allows the customer to guard against obsolesce. The bank services also cover-refinancing option for assets (sale and lease bank) already percured by their client to en able them rise sufficient working capital that would have otherwise been locked in assets, the bank also participating in concretion leasing dealt along with other banks to enable their clients the use of assets that required huge capital investment. 5. PREFERENTIAL SECTOR FINANCING: In line with government efforts of encouraging small and medium scale enterprises through the National Economic Reconstruction Fund (NERFOUND) and other governmental bodies set up for this purpose. 6. WAREHOUSING LOAN: The banks, customer also enjoy warehousing of stock financing facility, customers goods are pledged as security and are deposited in a warehouse in the name of the bank against which the customer is allowed credit accommodation. The bank has extended this facility to a number of customers to enable them either stock pile needed raw materials for future use, or take advantage of prices etc. This service is mostly beneficial for seasonal goods. 7. EXPORT FINANCING: The bank has been in the fore front in providing short medium and long term funds for export operation for its numerous client the bank also participate in the Nigeria export, import (NEXIM) credit agency which was established by the government with a specific mandate to asset banks to provide pre and post shipment finances in support of non-oil export under the re discounting and refinancing facility (RRF) other services provided by NEXIM includes foreign input facility (FIF) which provide manufacturers of export products the need for foreign exchange for the importation of capital equipment packing and raw materials for the production of finished or semi-finished export products.
Sweet Talk: Decoding Artificial Sweetners Replacing sugar with artificial sweeteners may be doing our bodies more harm than good. Recent studies show that these chemically modified sweeteners can damage the way our bodies naturally process sugar, making us much more susceptible to overeating. Because of the increasing public health warnings, food companies are now using obscure names to hide these artificial sweeteners in their products. Too much sugar is not good for us, but hidden artificial sweeteners are definitely bad for us. Products are not being labeled to tell us there is artificial sweeteners in them. Case in point there are several popular instant hot cocoa mixes that have sucralose in them. No where on the packaging except for the very long ingredient list do you find sucralose listed. Only the most observant consumer would notice this since sugar is the first ingredient. The reason they add sucralose is because it is 600 times sweeter than sugar. This allows them to make a less bulky product and which saves the manufacturers money while selling us chemicals that could have damaging side effects. For the past few decades, the safety of artificial sweeteners has been hotly debated. Being able to eat and drink without worrying about the calories or the cavities was advertised as a great thing. But what else happens when we consume artificial sweeteners? To find out, let’s take a look at aspartame, saccharin, and sucralose, three of the major artificial sweeteners. Aspartame is branded as Nutra-sweet and Equal and an ingredient in most diet pops, gum, candy, and some condiments totaling over 9,000 products found in the grocery store. Aspartame is by far the most dangerous of all artificial sweeteners as it breaks down into methanol (wood alcohol), formic acid, and formaldehyde. It is a known excitotoxin (Excitotoxins are a class of chemicals (usually amino acids) that overstimulate neuron receptors. Neuron receptors allow brain cells to communicate with each other, but when they’re exposed to excitotoxins, they fire impulses at such a rapid rate that they become exhausted.causing neuron and brain cell death.) Aspartame carries carcinogenic properties linked to an increase in brain and liver tumors which were known at the time of FDA approval. The use of aspartame is linked to headaches/migraines, dizziness, nausea, weight gain, muscle spasms, depression, fatigue, insomnia, heart palpitations, vision and hearing problems, anxiety attacks, vertigo, memory loss and joint pain, Emotional Disorders, Multiple Sclerosis, Lupus, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Brain Tumors, Brain Cancer, Diabetes, Parkinson’s Disease, Alzheimer’s Disease, Epilepsy, Birth Defects and Mental Retardation. Aspartame remains the number one complained about product to the FDA. Saccharin also known as Sweet N Low has been around for more than 100 years. Studies indicate that saccharin causes cancer in the urinary bladder, lungs, ovaries, uterus, and other organs in animals and also increases the potency of other cancer-causing chemicals. Sucralose, branded as Splenda advertises it tastes like sugar because it’s made from sugar. However the chemical composition more closely resembles Chlorine pesticides such as DDT than sugar or sucrose. These chemicals have been known to accumulate over decades causing severe toxicity. Research has shown the following side effects from sucralose: chest pains, irritability, confusion, fatigue, shrunken thymus gland (up to 40%), enlarged liver and kidneys, rreduced growth rate, decreased red blood cell count, enlargement of pelvis, miscarriage, decreased fetal body weights, changes in mood and diarrhea. The bottom line is that there are no safe artificial sweeteners. While we should all limit the amount of sugar in our diets to a minimum, you can’t do so by replacing it with artificial chemicals without consequences. One safe no calorie alternative to sugar is stevia. This is a natural sweetener derived from the leaves of the stevia plant that is then dried and available at most grocery and vitamin stores in the dietary supplement area, not the sweetener aisle. If you must choose between artificial sweeteners and sugar, choose sugar. Sugar only contains 15 calories per teaspoon or 4 calories per gram. Most products stating diet or sugar free contain artificial sweeteners and are best left on the grocery store shelf. A wise consumer will have to do some label reading to ensure they are getting a product absent of harmful chemicals. Gonstead Difference
Analysis Of Holden Caulfield 's ' The Catcher Rye ' 1308 Words6 Pages Alexandro Garcia Mrs. Kehrmeyer AP Language, Period 1 9 March 2017 The Brain is Wider than the Sky The world is not always a fair, but some are able to emerge out of the ashes with nothing more than a scratch, while others perish into the rubble. The same can be said for Holden Caulfield, the protagonist of J.D. Salinger’s novel The Catcher in the Rye, a teenager that suffers and wallow in his misery behind the scene’s, yet lives a life of luxury and debauchery for all to witness. Psychoanalytical theory operates as a catalyst in analyzing and understanding Holden Caulfield in the narrative of The Catcher in the Rye. Holden is introduced as a defeatist, juvenile youngster that has just failed out of another highly prestigious, private…show more content… Salinger would meet his first wife Sylvia, a German and possible former Nazi, yet they would divorce eight months later. He would later go into isolation after he gained fame for his hit novel The Catcher in the Rye. In the story Catcher in Rye by J.D. Salinger, the main character of the story Holden Caulfield takes a lot of the characteristics of the person who created him. The first instance of this connection between the two is that they both despise the movies. Salinger despises the movie’s because he made “My Foolish Heart, a film adaptation of Salinger’s story “Uncle Wiggily in Connecticut,” premieres. The movie is ripped apart by critics. Salinger finds the experience so miserable that he never formally authorizes another film version of his work” ( PBS). This hatred of the movie is then shown in Holden when he says “If there’s one thing I hate, it’s the movies. Don’t even mention them to me” (14). Another connection of these two individuals is that they both were kicked out of prestigious schools. Salinger was kicked out of McBurney for having subpar grades to able to stay, while Holden is getting kicked out Pencey for having subpar grades has well. Salinger makes references to old school when Holden says “ We’d gone in to New York that morning for this fencing meet with McBurney School” (3). Salinger and Holden also share a lot personality traits as well as being deadbeats. One of these similarities Get Access
No products in the cart. Welcome to Labkafe ~ Orientallabs Retail Services Private Limited Why Water is Called a Universal Solvent \| Labkafe Contact us Dec 13, 2021 / By Swarna Karmakar / in Learning Chemistry Water is a Universal Solvent, but Why? We cannot imagine life without water. All living things depend upon water in various degrees, and for a good reason. The reason is, water is a universal solvent. What does that mean, and why is water a universal solvent? Today we will set out to explore this. Water is, of course, the most common chemical compound in the world. Hell, two-thirds of the planet’s surface is covered by it! And there are few things occurring in the natural world that do not get dissolved in water, to some varying degree. And that exactly is why we call water a universal solvent ‒ it dissolves mostly everything. water universal solvent Water is called the universal solvent This is an extremely important matter in the cycle of nature. Water dissolves all the required salts and nutrients and other chemicals required to support life and carries them from one point to another. All life depends upon this phenomenon. For example, plants are built to suck water out of the ground and there is all the food dissolved in that water that the plant needs. Water is the largest part of the blood that circulates through all living things’ bodies, carrying nutrients to every cell and waste material out of the body as urine and sweat. The definition of a universal solvent is difficult to give. Naturally, you’d think that means a substance that can dilute anything. But as you can further imagine, this is far from practical ‒ every solvent will have at least one (hundreds!) similar chemical with similar properties that will be inert in that solvent, not a solute. So we have to widen our definition of a universal solvent as the substance that can dissolve the most amount of chemicals. Water is, by and far, the best solvent in the world. It can make solutions out of most compounds, save a few organic materials. The reason for that is that water is one of the best polarized compounds capable of breaking up the ionic bonds present in most compounds. What does that mean? Let’s discuss. water molecule A water molecule The proper chemical name of water is Dihydrogen Oxide, and the chemical symbol is H2O. In this compound, there are two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom bound by a covalent bond. This means that this compound should be perfectly balanced electrically. The oxygen atom, however, is somewhat greedy and pulls the shared electrons closer to itself. This results in a slightly negative charge on the oxygen’s side and an equal positive charge on the hydrogen atoms’ side. Now, that is very attractive to chemicals that have bonds based on electrical charge; that is, ionic-bonded compounds. Let’s take the example of Sodium Chloride, the common salt. The copper part of each molecule of NaCl carries a strong positive charge, while the Chloride is the anion with an equal negative charge. Normally, they are connected to each other in this opposites-attract sort of situation and form crystals When you drop some of that crystallized powder into some water, silent mayhem starts. The water molecules are polarized with one side negative and the other positive, and they normally live together in harmony aligned by that. But as soon as you drop something with a bit more charge ‒ like this NaCl in question ‒ the molecules break their communal hydrogen bond and rush the ionic compound. The H2O molecules crowd around the cations and anions present in the salt, pulling them apart. All the water molecules near the cation Na+ spin to face the negative oxygen side to face the cation, while the water molecules near the negative Cl- ions latch onto them by the positive hydrogen side. NaCl + H2O Sodium and Chloride are pulled apart by H2O molecules The pull into the crowd of the H2O molecules grows stronger as more and more of them attach themselves to the salt ions. The Sodium and the chloride ions are very strongly bonded, but there are just too many water molecules around them hungrily clamping on. Like ants dismembering a dead cockroach, the anion and the cation are pulled apart mercilessly. Once the salt is broken down into its basic cation and anion, these clusters of ions with water molecules drift around since they are perfectly balanced now. So the salt becomes homogeneously spread all over the water body. This ability of H2O to break compounds into ions is what makes it the best solvent all around. Obviously, this power is not the same for all chemicals ‒ there are some chemicals like salt and sugar that just love to get dissolved in water, and there are some carbonates, etc. that have great resistance against it. However, the dissolving power of water gets much more intense when it is a little bit acidic ‒ which is very easy to happen in nature. That is exactly what causes natural corrosion in structures . Water is such a good solvent that it can dissolve not only solids but also other liquids (duh) and even gasses. Yes, you heard that right. How do you think fish breathe? They get the oxygen that is dissolved in the water. By just being in contact with air, much of it gets dissolved in water. Frustratingly for scientists, this super-solvent capability of water is exactly why it is very hard to get it in completely pure form. Pure H2O is never found ‒ there is almost always something diluted in it, be it simple gases from the air. Truly, given pure enough water and enough time, it can even break down plastic which is supposedly impervious to water! deionized water Some demineralized water from Labkafe, very pure This leads us to comment on one thing. Since water cannot, apparently, live alone, the more you purify it the more it will become hungry for salts. This is why it is not a good idea to drink water that is too pure ‒ it will dilute whatever salts and minerals and nutrients it can find in your body and take it away while going out, making you weaker in the process. That’s one of the biggest reasons why drinking water purifiers are intentionally made to never completely purify the water even when they can. Sure, they kill off all the germs in water (even that may not be a very good idea) but keep the salts in. Of course, water purifiers used in laboratories are different ‒ they produce much purer water that is highly dangerous to drink. You can also buy demineralized water from Labkafe which is pretty much free of any cations and anions. 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Plug-and-play lens simplifies adaptive optics for microscopy Researchers from Cnr Institute for photonics and nanotechnologies have developed a new plug-and-play lens that can add adaptive optics correction to commercial optical microscopes. The device makes it easy for scientists to access to high-quality images from deep inside tissue Researchers have developed a new plug-and-play device that can add adaptive optics correction to commercial optical microscopes. Adaptive optics can greatly improve the quality of images acquired deep into biological samples, but has, until now, been extremely complex to implement. In The Optical Society journal Optics Letters, a multidisciplinary team of researchers from Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnology of the National Research Council of Italy (Cnr-Ifn) and University Medical Center Rotterdam describe their new adaptive lens device. They also show how it can be easily installed onto the objective lens of a commercial multiphoton microscope to improve image quality. “Improving the technology available to life scientists can further our understanding of biology, which will, in turn, lead to better drugs and therapies available to doctors,” said research team leader, Paolo Pozzi from the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia in Italy. “This approach will allow advanced optical techniques such as multiphoton microscopy to image deeper under the surface of the brain in live organisms,” said Stefano Bonora, team leader of Cnr-Ifn group. “We look forward to seeing how it might also be implemented in other systems, such as light-sheet microscopes, super-resolution systems, or even simple epifluorescence microscopes.” Optical microscopy can be used to image biological samples in natural conditions, making it possible to observe various biological processes over time. However, as light travels through tissue it gets distorted. This distortion gets worse as light travels deeper into tissue, causing images to look blurry and obscuring important details. Adaptive optics, a technology initially developed to compensate for atmospheric turbulence when using telescopes to view celestial objects, can be used to correct the optical aberrations that occur when imaging through thick tissue. However, doing so typically requires building a custom microscope that incorporates a deformable mirror. This mirror is used to apply light that compensates for the distortions, creating an image that looks sharp and clear. “Including a deformable mirror in an existing microscope is nearly impossible, and no commercial adaptive microscope is available on the market yet,” said Pozzi. “This means that the only option for a life scientist to use adaptive optics is to build the entire microscope from the ground up, an operation which is too difficult and time consuming for most life sciences laboratories.” To simplify this setup, the researchers created a smart lens made with glass so thin it can bend without breaking. The lens consists of a glass disk-shaped container filled with a transparent liquid. A set of 18 mechanical actuators on the glass edges can be controlled with a computer to bend the glass to a desired shape. The lens functions like the deformable mirror used in most adaptive optics setups, but instead of reflecting light, it transmits light. As light travels through the liquid inside the lens, it gets distorted differently depending on the shape of the lens. “This is similar to the distorted images you see when looking through a bottle of water while squishing it with your hands, said Bonora.” Using the lens for adaptive optics correction requires a complex algorithm to control the actuators. “Efficient optical correction was made possible by the DONE algorithm (database online nonlinear extremum-seeker), a very elegant solution based on machine learning-like principles, which we previously developed at TU Delft,” said Pozzi. The researchers tested the new software and adaptive lens by applying it to the objective lens of a commercial multiphoton microscope. They used the microscope to perform calcium imaging on the brains of living mice, one of the most complex life science experiments performed with microscopes. “We surpassed our expectations by achieving very nice results within a few hours,” said Pozzi. “This technology can be retrofitted on any existing microscope that has interchangeable objectives and displays images on a computer screen.” The researchers are now testing the system on other types of microscopes and samples while also exploring whether multiple adaptive lenses could be used to achieve a better correction than is possible with more complex techniques using deformable mirrors. The team has also founded a spin-off company, Dynamic Optics srl, to commercialize the multiactuator adaptive lenses. The new lens could also be useful for applications beyond microscopy, such as free space optics communications, where it could increase data connection rates and bring data connections to remote and isolated areas. large 14.55.44.jpg Over the red line, a section of mouse brain acquired with a light sheet microscope. Above the red line, the same image acquired with adaptive optics correction. Credits: T. Furieri, G. Calisei, A. Bassi, E. Daini, A. Vilell For information: Stefano Bonora [email protected] Press Office: Francesca Gorini [email protected] +39 010 6598742 Head of Press Office: Marco Ferrazzoli [email protected] [email protected] +39 06 4993 3383

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