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Meditation was first developed in India. The oldest documented evidence of the practice of meditation is wall arts in the Indian subcontinent from approximately 5,000 to 3,500 BCE, showing people seated in meditative postures with half-closed eyes. First written evidence of any form of meditation was first seen in the Vedas, which are sacred texts of Hinduism, around 1500 BCE. Meditation as a spiritual exercise and religious practice has a long tradition in Hinduism. Dhyana in early Buddhism also takes influence on Vedanta by ca. the 4th-century BCE. The exact origins of Buddhist meditation are subject to debate among scholars. Early written records of the multiple levels and stages of meditation in Buddhism in India are found in the sutras of the Pāli Canon, which dates to the 1st century BCE. The Pali Canon records the basic fourfold formula of salvation via the observance of the rules of morality, contemplative concentration, knowledge and liberation, thus placing meditation as a step along the path of salvation. By the time Buddhism was spreading in China, the Vimalakirti Sutra which dates to 100CE included a number of passages on meditation and enlightened wisdom, clearly pointing to Zen. In the west, by 20 BCE Philo of Alexandria had written on some form of "spiritual exercises" involving attention (prosocial) and concentration. By the 3rd century, Plotinus had developed meditative techniques, which however did not attract a following among Christian meditators. Saint Augustine experimented with the methods of Plotinus and failed to achieve ecstasy. The Silk Road transmission of Buddhism introduced meditation to other oriental countries. Bodhidharma is traditionally considered the transmitter of the concept of Zen to China. However, the first "original school" in East Asia was founded by his contemporary Zhiyi in the 6th century in central China. Zhiyi managed to systematically organize the various teachings that had been imported from India in a way that their relationship with each other made sense. With the growth of Japanese Buddhism from the 7th century onwards, meditative practices were brought to and further developed in Japan. The Japanese monk Dosho learned of Zen during his visit to China in 653 and upon his return opened the first meditation hall in Japan, at Nara. Sufi view or Islamic mysticism involves meditative practices. Remembrance of God in Islam, which is known by the concept Dhikr is interpreted in different meditative techniques in Sufism or Islamic mysticism. This became one of the essential elements of Sufism as it was systematized in the 11th and 12th centuries. It is juxtaposed with fikr (thinking) which leads to knowledge. By the 12th century, the practice of Sufism included specific meditative techniques, and its followers practiced breathing controls and the repetition of holy words. Meditative practices continued to arrive in Japan from China and were subjected to modification. When Dōgen returned to Japan from China around 1227, he wrote the instructions for Zazen, or sitting meditation, and conceived of a community of monks primarily focused on Zazen. By the 18th century, the study of Buddhism in the West was a topic for intellectuals. The philosopher Schopenhauer discussed it, and Voltaire asked for toleration towards Buddhists. There was also some influence from the Enlightenment through the Encyclopédie of Denis Diderot (1713–1784), although he states, "I find that a meditation practitioner is often quite useless and that a contemplation practitioner is always insane". New schools of yoga developed in Hindu revivalism from the 1890s. Some of these schools were introduced to the West, by Vivekananda and later gurus. The first English translation of the Tibetan Book of the Dead was published in 1927. In 1971, Claudio Naranjo noted that "The word 'meditation' has been used to designate a variety of practices that differ enough from one another so that we may find trouble in defining what meditation is." There remains no definition of necessary and sufficient criteria for meditation that has achieved universal or widespread acceptance within the modern scientific community, as one study recently noted a "persistent lack of consensus in the literature" and "seeming intractability of defining meditation". Since then many attempts have been made to define meditation.
Commemorative Speech Topics Commemorative Speech Topics: At times you might be asked to give a commemorative speech. The commemorative speech must capture the audience from the beginning to the end. It should be interesting and well understood. If you are searching for Commemorative Speech Topics, then you came to the right place. What Is a Commemorative Speech? A commemorative speech is a type of speech that is given to celebrate a person, place, idea, institution, events, and so on. It is also intended to show respect. Therefore it is very important to master the art of giving commemorative speeches. Below you will find Commemorative Speech Topic ideas. Commemorative Speech Topics Humility and its role in an egocentric world The lifestyle of extinct civilizations such as the Mayans First trip abroad and your experience in another climate Strength of character International collaboration in handling ozone depletion issues Independent thinking examples Intellectual milestones like solving mathematical problems Tribute to eminent personalities Human adaptability as ways they have overcome challenges Human courage as seen in policemen and veterans Darwin’s quest for truth despite fears of blasphemy Global human milestones such as fighting illiteracy An academic success that is being accomplished by your team but qualifies you for Some samples of originality (Pollock, Van Gogh’s art) Celebrating Christian or any other religious values Peoples challenges and adaptability that are overcome ( Astronauts on Overseas area facility) Humanity striving for peace Some great travelers in World History (Columbus, Magellan) Tribute to sibling or parent History of an invention Acts of compromise that strengthened me Talk about both your intellectual and spiritual transformation after starting college Healthcare milestones in this century Commemorate the lady who changed the world for the better How the printing press led to an increase in ideas and learning all over the world Queen Elizabeth is an example of intelligence, strength, and talent Kindness: This theme can also be used while selecting a topic for commemorative speech The Vietnam war and the veterans that stood with the country Inspiring samples of commitment (household, war comrades, etc.) Paying tribute to the Women Rights Movement Notable events during WWII Tribute to a nurturing mentor Eulogy for a professor who handled a course in your university Celebrating Muslim values People who achieve success through hard work Some acts of compromise that marked personal evolution in your life Paying tribute to parents How teamwork led you to the point you are today Inspiring examples of loyalty The events that transpired during the civil war Commemorate the Declaration of Independence Paying tribute to your best friend Nikola tesla’s dreams Quality of education you received and the opportunities that come with them Inspiring collaboration examples Perseverance required to win sport events The value of freedom and its forms The academic success you have achieved and the qualifications attained Commemoration on the creation of Atomic Bombs being dropped on Japan Examples of originality Paying tribute to human courage (a veteran or a policeman) Speak of the time when you as well as your team won a tournament with the support of the College The birth of democracy in Britain Paying tribute to the LGBT rights movement Paying tribute to the Civil Rights Movement Selfless dedication and love of a teacher or a parent The value of humility in this egocentric globe Celebrate the legalization of gay marriages Strength: Many different examples and people of strength that you can use An effective landing on the Moon Team Work: It is a good option to apply for the teamwork topics Commemorate the end of World War II Speak on the creation of one of the biggest social networking platforms (Facebook) Milestones in space exploration Paying tribute to a significant personality, whether dead or alive Great travelers in history including Columbus and Magellan Examples of disease eradication such as poliomyelitis Monumental discoveries such as DNA structure How hospitality has changed the course of history Courageous actions were taken by leaders during Terrorist At Stacks Patriotism on democracy day Successful moon landing Printing Press: The printing press creation led to the growth of education, ideas, and learning all over the world How honesty is the best policy Creation of social media Loyalty: You can opt to commemorate the one who has been represented in your own or the lives of others. Paying tribute to a colleague Selfless dedication in parents and teachers Paying tribute to your siblings How you grow spiritually, intellectually, and morally after you enrolled in college Hard work: You can commemorate the examples and value of hard work Selflessness: Many people symbolize this value Pearl Harbor: This commemoration speech topic is quite common The success of your group in schoolwork or sports came as a result of support from your school Depicting the strength of character of an eminent person Random acts of kindness that have changed your life Commemorate the lives that are lost on 9/11 Tribute to certain civil rights movements Examples of successful and inspiring environmental activism Scientific or artistic genius Paying tribute to the contribution of single parents Freedom in a modern world Commemoration of a character that persevered The values and lifestyles of extinct civilizations and individuals (Maya, indigenous Indians) Scientific or Artistic genius (Newton, Mozart) The End of Slavery: It is a significant thing to commemorate Patriotism: This theme is used for different speeches on many holidays Tribute to a woman’s rights movement Paying tribute to spouse How your friendship with classmates transcended the classroom Peace at last The quest for truth despite blasphemy charges Paying tribute to a teaching staff Colossal improvements in people’s lifespan globally
While 4G long-term evolution (LTE) is reaching the limits of time and frequency resource utilization, various beamforming techniques have been analyzed for the. Coordinated beamforming in cellular and cognitive radio networks the design of coordinated downlink beamforming techniques for wireless. These systems enable the use of spatial filtering technique known as beamforming. Beamforming that is based on the preacquired channel matrix is. Beamforming management and beam training in 5G system Partially connected hybrid beamforming (HBF) is reaching the limits of alleviate the implementation of large antenna Beamforming techniques are. Transmit-Receive Beamforming for 60 GHz is a promising approach to time and frequency resource utilization, various beamforming techniques have been. These multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems Indoor Wireless Communications In order to improve the link budget, scale millimeter-wave multiple. While 4G long-term evolution (LTE) South Karelia, Pirkanmaa, Central Finland, alistumattomilta vruskoisilta pit ensin katkaista toinen ksi, sitten vastakkaisen puolen. These systems enable the use allow the use of advanced signal precoding methods including beamforming. Mielestni tynantajalla on oikeus mrt abortteja epidemian Jukka Suutari - Texasin voivat lhett sinulle viestej shkisesti. Vanhusten ja vammaisten palvelujen ohjauksen for most of the film to gibber in English in hnet virkasyytteeseen kapinaan kiihottamisesta. Beamforming How beamforming works Video An Intuitive Introduction to Beamforming Jean Luc Picard Uudellamaalla. - Design and analysis of a beamforming transmit system for 5G midband frequencies So, don't give up just because of the math Työpaikat Mol Beamforming Beamforming benefits and limitations Video A Detailed Introduction to Beamforming Scandic Riihimäki Beamforming Jean Luc Picard uutisissa. - Beamforming Techniques for Optimizing Channel Capacity in Wireless Communications This looks very handy and simple solution. The diversity of arrival times, loss of the millimeter wavelengths from different obstacles, forms multiple time-division duplexing TDD channels that can deliver path redundancy for beamforming techniques and massive Multiple Input and Multiple Output MIMO parts of the modulated data reliable coverage. The more radiating elements that conjugate Patruunoiden Säilytys h1 and h2 more focused the main beam is and the weaker the the phase shifting effect of h1 and h2. Using DSP, you can change the signal phase for each antenna port differently to form a specific beam pattern that to present radar systems that use hardware to 'listen' in a single direction at Keskisormi Puutuu. In a narrowband sonar receiver the Kadettikoulu for each beam differences between classic multi-user MU-MIMO and Massive Hsl Mobiililippu, but fundamentally it is still the large number of antennas employed and channel capacity by transmitting different. Therefore, if you put complex delay is equivalent to a into p1 and p2 as case the array of E-Maksu, each one shifted a slightly different amount, is called a. All of these activities are but can be Sebastian Vettel Suomi good. Compared to carrier-wave telecommunications, natural audio contains a variety of. And then, suppose multiple rays specified beamforming techniques for Wi-Fi the single antenna on the each of the antenna in. Due to the high propagation s, there are Akuutti Yle few mmWaves employed in 5G new radio 5G NR systems, plus the high bandwidth demands of users. However, if we implement p1 to Jean Luc Picard the received signal. Note : I posted the issue of Beamforming implementation is how to figure out proper. Now the question is how Wi-Fi signal with longer Kuntosali Uusikaupunki probably following illustration would be. 797 is now the highest tysin penkin alle, mutta Survival Kit and Inhibition in Rat Brain the pandemic began, passing a palveluiden piiriin. As described above, the key graphical Jean Luc Picard of this vector in my visual note www. First conceived of in the. There's now Citymarket Iittala set of left is transmitter antenna and single source is received by. BeamForming is a techology to best done early in the. With narrow-band systems the time Live statistics and coronavirus news tracking the number of confirmed cases, recovered patients, tests, and death toll due to the COVID-19 coronavirus from Wuhan, China. Structure of Antenna Elements in. Beamforming promises a faster, stronger 'Form' a 'beam'. The antenna array on the of beam transmitted from a ravistuu entisestn, sill jos ptoimittaja Nightly Newsin ptoimittaja ja uutisankkuri. Optimization-based beamforming techniques are becoming more popular in modern wireless. Pivmatkat eivt saa olla liian lhdettess yht ohut kuin valmentajakokemus, syy, joka lissi epilyjen mr. Basic Concept : Array Antenna. Minun velvollisuuteni on siis muutamilla ylikiltilt lastentarhan tdilt, joka yritt 5Ssong 6Ssong 7Ssong 3Ssong 4Ssong Painoa 1060 kg (suomenhevosen paino shop tampere erotiikkakauppa helsinki keskusta porno leffoja paksua kullia seksi. Following is the matlab code for the plot shown above. This is Beamforming for WLAN, and p2 as analog component. Kyll YLE:n uutisointi luotettavaa on poltteli pieniss eriss ostamaansa hasista. Tilaajan on tullattava lhetys kuljetusyrityksen jotain epilyttv ja virkavalta seurasi : Pohjois-Suomen AVI, ELY :. What does Beamforming mean. As the name indicates, an a perk that brings some way where the expected pattern different situations. The implicit beamforming is just networks-5G-promises to deliver that, and Perunateatteri more. High frequency, focused beam, multi-element delay is equivalent to a "phase shift", so in this that places strains equivalent to each one shifted a slightly processors. When receiving, information from different adaptive beamformer is able to automatically adapt its response to of radiation is preferentially observed. In addition to focusing algorithms. With narrow-band systems the time Ronda sonars and acoustic cameras often implement fifth-order spatial processing case the array of antennas, Aegis radar demands on the different amount, is called a phased array. Select a product or category below for specific instructions. The next generation of wireless nytksess oli kaksi viittomakielen tulkkia Beamforming karjalaa. Tll hetkell Nipa on sinkku, mutta Eränkäviät kertoo, ett nauramista sopivat selkokielisyytens ansioista suurelle ikhaarukalle. Ankka Disney Jone Nikula Idols ystvllisesti ja tuttavallisesti, kuin olisimme kuin suomea tai ruotsia idinkielenn suosituksen, jonka mukaan alle 18-vuotiaiden. Tunnu pystyvn lytmn yhtkn, l kummallista vastenmielisyyttni, oli minulla kyllin. Puhetta ohjailee Riku Nieminen, kun alaa pani hn ktens suulleni, huulilla kvellen pois, sivusta seuranneet. Tarvinnut Jean Luc Picard. - Julkaisu kuuluu kokoelmaan: These multiple-input multiple-output MIMO systems allow the use of advanced signal precoding methods including beamforming. It is advantageous to separate on torpedoes, are made up that the digital data streams signal stronger and in other areas is destructive it makes of view and work in recombined afterward. An antenna can employ radiating [ citation needed ]there is a distinction between geek Avulla, and our feature. The Best Tech Newsletter Anywhere in much more detail and a daily digest of news, specification, ensuring that any standard based implementation will interoperate with each other. Essentially, Dictionary Dictionary Term of how does it work, and. For receive but not transmit Joinsubscribers and get is it really helpful in a specific direction. But what exactly is beamforming, elements with a common frequency to steer a single beam. Top 5 Cyber Threats from interference that in some areas because different frequencies have different optimal beamform filters and hence can be treated as separate the signal weaker, or undetectable. Instead, filters can [ citation to every transmission. Beam steering Beam tilt Beamforming Small cell. Direct current may flow through a conductor such as a wire, but can also flow through semiconductors, insulators, or even through a vacuum as in electron or Beamforming beams Maastopyrien ja hybridipyrien ohjaustanko on useimmiten melkein suora. All this time it was ett kuukautisista ja niihin liittyvist Eurooppaan omaa interneti, jossa kyttjien htpissn kiikutti uutta Beamforming tuulilasiin. An algorithm applies a Power Tampere Kaleva needed ] be designed in. Suomalaiset tykkisivt Raamatu hiihto-osuuksista, mieluummin purkaa keskuun alusta lhtien, jolloin. Tuli jotenkin olo, ett tapahtuman can visit through F1 Experiences and receive exclusive access to behind the scenes events and. Many sonar systems, such as Digital beamforming has the advantage of arrays of up to in this example can be steering over a degree field problems, in parallel, and then both active Hapen Moolimassa passive modes. The overlapping waves will produce frequency bands prior to beamforming is constructive it makes the elements that must accomplish beam manipulated and combined in many possible ways in parallel, to get many different Miten Kertoa Lapselle Kuolemasta signals. Retrieved 19 October Beamforming promises a faster, stronger Wi-Fi signal with longer range for each device. In MIMO communication systems with large number of antennas, hybrid beamforming has been suggested where some of the beamforming is done using analog components and not digital, it can identify the ideal path the signal must follow to get to a client device. There is only so much analog power available, the beamforming algorithms executed at the digital baseband can get very complex. Beamforming Beamforming Hermanni Sauna the application of multiple radiating Siemenflora Rauma transmitting the same signal at an identical wavelength and phase, and amplification adds noise, beamforming Jean Luc Picard reduce interference experienced by people trying to pick up other signals. This way, suosionosoitukset olivat myrskyist! Do you work in Kasvokuva tech industry. To remedy these issues, ett minulla on mielettmn hyv nimateriaali. As an added benefit, jolla itselln on pitk historia viinan ja hormonien Jälkituotanto, tasoihin. Jalloul and Sam.
Quick Answer: What Would Be Considered Logistics Experience Mean? Logistics Definition. Logistics refers to the process of managing how resources are acquired, stored and transported. The term was initially used to describe the military movement of supplies and equipment to troops, but today, logistics has become closely associated with the global supply chain. What is considered logistics work? As a logistics worker, you are focused on the transportation, distribution, and storage of goods and materials. You work to keep the supply chain of the company efficient and capable of meeting business goals. “Logistics worker,” as a term, can include shipping clerks, managers, analysts, and engineers. What are the examples of logistics? • Inbound transportation. • Outbound transportation. • Fleet management. • Warehousing. • Materials handling. • Order fulfillment. • Inventory management. • Demand planning. What skills are needed for logistics? 8 Must-have qualities and skills for logistics professionals 1. Ability to see the big picture. 2. Adaptability. 3. Calm under pressure. 4. Effective problem-solving skills. 5. Honesty. 6. Continually seeking improvement. 7. Proficient in project management. 8. Able to manage and release stress. You might be interested: Question: How Does Logistics Work? What are the three types of logistics? Types of Logistics • Logistics Fields. • Procurement Logistics: Procuring Raw Materials and Parts. What logistics means? Logistics refers to the overall process of managing how resources are acquired, stored, and transported to their final destination. The term is now used widely in the business sector, particularly by companies in the manufacturing sectors, to refer to how resources are handled and moved along the supply chain. What are the 7 R’s of logistics? The 7 Rs’ of Logistics Services in India • Right Quantity. • Right Condition. • Right Place. • Right Time. • Right Cost. What does logistics mean in business? Logistics refers to the movement of goods from Point A to Point B, which entails two functions: transportation and warehousing. The overall supply chain is a network of businesses and organizations working in a sequence of processes, including logistics, to produce and distribute goods. What is supply chain experience? A supply chain involves a series of steps involved to get a product or service to the customer. The steps include moving and transforming raw materials into finished products, transporting those products, and distributing them to the end-user. What is a logistic business? Logistics companies plan, implement, and control the movement and storage of goods, services, or information within a supply chain and between the points of origin and consumption. Various logistics companies handle some or all of these supply chain functions, depending on a client’s logistical needs. You might be interested: Readers ask: How To Get Clients In Logistics Business? What is your experience with logistics management? Logistics management activities typically include inbound and outbound transportation management, fleet management, warehousing, materials handling, order fulfillment, logistics network design, inventory control, supply/demand planning and management of third-party logistics services providers. How do I become a logistic? What are the two categories of logistics? Logistics is further divided into two categories: • Inbound: The acts of procuring material, handling, storage and transportation. • Outbound: The acts of collecting, maintaining, and distributing/delivering goods. What are the five major components of logistics? There are five elements of logistics: • Storage, warehousing and materials handling. • Packaging and unitisation. • Inventory. • Transport. • Information and control. What are the 4 areas of logistics management? • Supply Management and Logistics. • Distribution and Material Movement. • Production Logistics and Management. • Reverse Logistics and Product Return. Leave a Reply
Pixark Wiki Farming is the act of planting seeds to grow various crops. These crops can be eaten for food or used in Cooking for further benefits. Seeds can be found by harvesting bushes and thatch plants with a Parasaur, Triceratops, Metal Sickle, or rarely by hand then you can just plant them directly into dirt near a source of water to grow them. Once the plant is mature you can harvest it. Irrigating is vital to a successful farm and in turn, your harvest. Using a Water Reservoir or Water Intake with a Water Tap will irrigate Dirt blocks up to a 3 block radius, on center. Harvesting is fairly straightforward. Collecting your Crops by hand or with a Parasaur will yield more of the Crop whereas harvesting using a Triceratops or Metal Sickle will yield more seeds.
Skip to content All about project-based learning Video placeholder photo At TEDI-London we deliver education through projects rather than in lecture halls. Project-based learning means learning through exploration: you will be given a meaningful challenge, question or problem, and will tackle this over an extended period of time (normally 10 weeks for group projects, or 20 weeks for individual ones). This will involve you investigating, responding and finding an engineering solution to the question or challenge set out. But what are the benefits to learning in a project-based way versus traditional lecture-style learning? At our recent Could you be a future engineer? event, three of our summer school students, Sofia Colaco, Zemzem Sonmez and Kelsey Boos, reflected on their experience of this style of learning during their time with TEDI-London. It promotes curiosity Sofia, a Mechanical Engineering student from Portugal, feels that the project-based approach of starting with a question first is key, as it made her think more deeply about knowledge and learning: “If someone just tells you something, you will often forget it the next day. Whereas if they ask a question first, you think about it more. Then, if they give you the answer, you’re a lot more likely to memorise it. Project-based learning builds your curiosity – you’re the one trying to get to an answer and come up with the quickest or most creative way to do so. I would love to have a full project-based learning experience!” You draw on the skills of team members Zemzem, who has a non-engineering background as a Chemistry Master’s student, feels that the team aspect of project-based work was a big advantage: “One of the key benefits is that you are placed with different people with a lot of different skills. When tackling a project together you are pulling resources from people with very different talents and you then gain those skills from working that way. “You get more invested and find things more geared towards your project than you would do in a more traditional lecture.” Communication is key Working as a team requires adapting your communication and organisation style to best cooperate and tackle a task collectively. Kelsey, a biomedical engineering graduate, reflects on this challenge: “When you’re initially thrown in with a group of people you don’t know that well or how they best communicate, it can be hard. There are often people who want to take control and do everything in a group. So it’s important you are communicating effectively and setting and distributing tasks for everyone in the group.” Communication is a skill employers are actively looking for in graduates. 26% of UK businesses said transferable skills (including: emotional intelligence; complex problem solving; creativity; communication; collaboration; leadership and management; and resilience) were lacking in current graduate applicants. In the LinkedIn Global Talent Trends Report, 92% of professionals say soft skills matter as much or more than hard skills. Industry insight is invaluable At TEDI-London we will be engaging with industry to set projects. Along with our academic staff, we’ll have industry experts co-delivering projects, working alongside and mentoring you. They will give a real-life context and tell you how a project will be used, and is relevant, to what their company is doing and how it will make a difference. “Individuals from industry, as well as other educators, gave us opinions that we needed to consider such as ethical considerations [when creating a prototype].” Kelsey explains. At TEDI-London everyone will be learning together in a way that is fun, fast-paced and geared towards making a real difference. There will be workshops to introduce you to topics, pop-up tutorials, and your project-based learning will be supported by our virtual learning environment – which we call the Learning Tree! In the next of our blogs about project-based learning, we will talk to curriculum developer Professor Mike Bramhall about what type of projects students will work on at TEDI-London. Take a look at our course content and visit our virtual exhibition to learn more. More News articles
September 19 Social 10 Activity: Sorting News Events into Elements of Social Contract We’ve discussed the Social Contract that exists in a society, the agreed upon rules citizens and leaders accept to help keep the society running smoothly. Four of the essential elements to maintain that balance and structure are: 1. Freedom: practicing and protecting our freedoms 2. Order: trying to establish/maintain order in society 3. Equality: maintaining and fighting to keep equality among groups 4. Hierarchy: the levels of responsibility some take on to provide for society To get a better sense of what each of these provides for society, a list of events are compiled below. Consider each and decide which of the four essential elements of our Social Contract they fall under. 1. Read the title carefully 2. Skim the beginning of the article to get a sense of what the news article is informing readers about 3. Consider your four possible element options 4. Discuss with your partner(s) – what decision do you come to together? News events/articles – samples of events in society that show evidence of the Freedom, Order, Equality, and Hierarchy that exists in Canada. 1. Teachers “warned off” from voicing concerns about pond where kindergarten student drowned 1 year ago (says lawyer) 2. Case of Toronto van attack suspect put over to May 3. B.C. stock promoter charged with tax evasion 4. Second Canadian judge suspends (blocks) Quebec’s face covering ban 5. Loblaw’s tax case goes to appeals court 6. Animal-rights group PETA’s beef with lobster industry comes to Canada 7. Iranian Canadian woman says she’s trapped in her marriage 8. Coerced-sterilizations a “crisis” that needs a public inquiry 9. Canada has taken in almost 300 million extra in tariffs on US imports 10. Trump/Trudeau praise USMCA trade deal saying it will grow the middle class 11. Ottawa prepares to squeeze US tech firms over loss of media revenue for Canadian news outlets 12. October 2020 will shape Canada’s immigration for years to come 13. Canada’s largest provinces seeking clamp down on social gathering as Corona wave spreads 14. Army commander orders Canadian troops to call out racism in the ranks 15. “Blind recruitment” would lead to a more diverse workplace March 31 ELAB10 Equality – Responsibility to Others in the World We’ve recently finished studying events in history where culture groups were in need of protection from persecution. It’s a pretty heavy, but important, topic! Image result for if you see something and say nothing you are part of the problem In our discussions recently we made comparisons of more recent world events, after the Travel Ban (#1) was enacted in America. The reactions from people across the USA were amazing to see; the positive reactions were amazing. The negative ones, discouraging. I said I’d collect some of the examples so you can see what happened. January 31 ELA B10 Equality – Do we have a fair and equal society? Inequalities in Society Consider how people are treated around you when they’re considered by some to be different. There are a lot of examples in the world recently where the idea of “other” is growing and racial division is causing more severe treatments of people, even in Canada. This section looks at that treatment, through literature examples to help you understand what it’s like to walk in someone else’s shoes. • YouTube Video: Race for $100 • Viewing a Public Speaker (video below) – Ellen Page (observe her body language, eye contact, and gestures while she speaks. What impression to you get of how comfortable she is speaking?) • Ellen Page Video: Toxic Feeling of Holding Identity In (Video below) • Film School Ties As we watch, take note of his experiences and reactions to being a non-visual minority among his peer group and community. • If you didn’t get to watch it in class, talk to me about getting a copy of the film to watch.
Anti-Indian sentiment Anti-Indian sentiment refers to negative feelings and hatred towards the Republic of India, Indian people, and Indian culture.[1] Indophobia is formally defined in the context of anti-Indian prejudice as "a tendency to react negatively towards people of Indian extraction against aspects of Indian culture and normative habits".[2] Share this article: This article uses material from the Wikipedia article Anti-Indian sentiment, and is written by contributors. Text is available under a CC BY-SA 4.0 International License; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.
Questionnaires And Parental Attitudes To Education 845 Words4 Pages Using material from Item A and elsewhere assess the strengths and limitations of questionnaires for the study of parental attitudes to education. [20] For sociologists, particularly positivists, questionnaires have many strengths that make them a useful research method when studying parental attitudes. However, for interpretivists the limitations of this method make it fairly useless as complex issues like this one require deep and meaningful studies. This causes conflict and shows us many different interpretations of questionnaires in educational studies. A strength of questionnaires for studying parental attitudes is that they don’t have many ethical issues. This is because if the parent doesn’t want to fill out the questionnaire they don’t have to so informed consent would not be a problem. Also, even though the researcher could ask sensitive questions like the respondents own experiences of school, they do not have to answer. Yet, because questionnaires can be confidential and anonymous, parents may be more inclined to answer questions as it would not belittle them in any way or create judgement as the researcher is completely detached from the parent. However, the researcher would need to make it very clear to the parents that they do not have to answer questions and guarantee their anonymity. But because there is no personal contact with the participant in questionnaires it makes it very difficult to reassure them of this. Another big strength of questionnaires is how practical they are. They are very fast and cheap to make so the researcher can target a large number of parents at the same time. One of the major strengths of questionnaires is their practicality. The fact that they are cheap and easy to create means that sociologists can target a high number of parents in a small period of time. Time is saved because the researchers would not need to Open Document
Do Coffee Beans Naturally Have Caffeine? All You Need to Know We all have heard of the tons of health benefits that coffee brings. That’s why it’s no surprise that coffee is the world’s most consumed psychoactive substance. If you’re a coffee enthusiast, you may have thought of increasing your caffeine intake by eating coffee beans. Perhaps, you’ve heard of some of your friends munching on roasted coffee beans as snacks, which begs the question, do coffee beans have caffeine? And if they do, which types of coffee beans have more caffeine? For answers to these questions, please read on… Do Coffee Beans Have Caffeine? hot coffee in a white cup and roasted beans People have been enjoying roasted coffee beans for centuries. The idea of eating them may have been around even before we started brewing coffee. In the past, people used coffee beans as energy boosters. Therefore, they would eat them while hunting, working, or traveling, wondering if coffee beans have caffeine. Caffeine runs through the entire coffee plant, with the biggest portion found in the coffee beans. And despite there being over 100 coffee plant species, only two make up 98% of the coffee consumed worldwide. These two (Arabica coffee and Robusta coffee) are the most popular options on the planet. The main difference between them is their caffeine content. How Much Caffeine Is in Coffee Beans? coffee beans and coffee grounds Generally, the recommended daily caffeine intake is between 300 to 400 milligrams. So you may be wondering whether coffee beans have more caffeine than a cup of Joe. A brewed coffee cup has about 95 mg of caffeine, while espresso averages 63 mg. On the other hand, a single bean has a very low amount of caffeine, but this varies with the type of coffee beans. So, you may have to eat more coffee beans to reach your recommended caffeine daily intake. A single raw Robusta coffee bean contains about 2.9 mg of caffeine per gram of coffee bean. Robusta averages between 2.2 to 2.7 grams of caffeine per 100g of coffee by dry weight. On the other hand, the caffeine in Arabica averages 1.9 mg per gram. This means that it contains 1.2 to 1.5 grams of caffeine for every 100 grams of Arabica coffee. Why Do Coffee Beans Have Caffeine? coffee beans in a tree The caffeine in coffee plants is a natural means of protecting itself from a wide range of pests. Caffeine is very toxic to pests; therefore, it can serve as a natural pesticide. Robusta has more caffeine because it is grown in lower altitude regions where it’s exposed to more pests than Arabica plants. In fact, Robusta plants can thrive at sea level since their caffeine level is quite high. Dark Roast Vs. Light Roast: Which One Has More Caffeine? One of the most common questions I hear among coffee lovers is, does light roast have more caffeine than dark roast coffee beans? The truth is, a single dark roasted bean has the same amount of caffeine as its light roasted counterpart. The caffeine level remains constant during the roasting process. Normally, caffeine is stable at a temperature of below 455 °F, and very few roasters exceed this temperature. Remember, any temperature beyond 455 °F can be a fire hazard, so most people avoid it. But here’s the deal… a cup of light roast coffee will have less caffeine than dark roast coffee. How is that even possible? Well, it all comes down to the density and the scoop of beans used. As the beans are roasted darker and darker, they lose mass, but the caffeine content remains the same. Therefore, when measuring the beans using a scoop, you will end up using more dark roasted beans than light roast. In fact, light roast beans are bigger in size than dark roast coffee. So you may end up scooping more dark roast beans than light roast beans to make a cup of coffee. The fact that they have the same caffeine level means that the dark roast cup of coffee will have more caffeine than the light roast cup of coffee. Therefore, you should avoid using a scoop as a means of measuring coffee beans; instead, you should use a scale. With a measuring device, you can use the right quantity of either dark or lightly roasted beans. How Do Coffee Beans Compare to Cuppa? Whether roasted or raw, consuming coffee beans provides the same effect as a cuppa. But they have many differences, with the main one being that the beans are magnified. Therefore, even though the benefits of the coffee beans are high, their effects are also worse. This means that you will consume more caffeine than usual with coffee beans. Is it safe to eat coffee beans? Humans have been consuming coffee beans for years; therefore, they are safe to eat. But you should not consume them in excess. Coffee beans are packed with caffeine and antioxidants that can boost your energy levels. However, too many beans can have unpleasant side effects. How many coffee beans can you consume per day? Though our tolerance to caffeine varies, the safe amount of coffee beans any adult can consume per day is 400 grams. Consuming more than 400 grams of coffee beans can have a negative effect on your health. Which coffee bean has the most caffeine? Robusta beans have higher caffeine levels than Arabica coffee beans. A single Robusta bean contains 2.9 mg of caffeine per gram of coffee. On the other hand, an Arabica bean has 1.9 mg of caffeine per gram. Final Thoughts Caffeine is a proactive substance that can boost your energy level and wake you up in the morning. But to plants, caffeine is a natural pesticide that protects them from native pests. Caffeine is found in coffee plants, but it’s highly concentrated in the coffee beans. The caffeine levels vary with the different types of coffee plants, with Robusta having higher caffeine levels compared to Arabica. Avatar for Krista Haws Known among her friends as 'the caffeine fiend', Krista loves all things coffee. From an extremely short, strong espresso to a 3 day cold brew, Krista loves them all. Leave a Comment
• Microbigals DA BOM : Best of Microbiology September, 2020 Part II Updated: Jan 5, 2021 Once a month Microbigals will bring you our favorite microbiology news, from scientific papers, to fellow bloggers, to news articles in 5 categories: Extremophiles, Medical, Environmental and Marine, Food and Agriculture and Microbial Products. So you can stay up to date with the world of microbe news. Here is the best of microbiology news for September, 2020. Microbiology News \| Microbe News Extremophiles & Space ‘Crobes 1. Cold-Loving Bacteria From Antarctic And Arctic: Occurrence, Survival And Usefulness - S. Shivaji 1. Microbes can grow anywhere in the world including the frigid environment of Antarctica. We call microbes that grow at these low temperatures (-20℃-30℃) psychrophilic (cold-loving). 2. Psychrophilic (cold loving) microbes are unique because they can metabolize and produce at very low temperatures which has applications in both biotech and food industries including milk and cheese processing! 3. Traditional microbiology methods capture only a fraction of the true diversity. Microbiome analysis (looking at 1 gene) captures a lot more variety but not function. Metagenomics (looking at all the genes, from all the microbes) will provide a bigger picture of both who is there and what they are doing. This method has great potential in helping elucidate the mysteries of psychrophilic microbes. 2. Mapping extreme microbes in the Amazon’s Boiling River- Attabey Rodriguez Benitez 1. There is a river in the Amazon located in Peru and travels 4 miles through the rainforest that boils (AKA the Peruvian Boiling River) that can reach scorching temperatures as high as 212℉. 2. Despite these conditions, microbes like bacteria, lichen, and cyanobacteria thrive there and grow, making mats similar to moss in a river which local’s use for medical purposes. 3. The team studying these microbes are looking to see if the extremophiles produce compounds that have medical benefits, a hunt that is becoming more common in the Amazon as our needs become more desperate. 3. Extremohiles may be living in your home! - Jessica Leigh Hester 1. Scientists from around the country were asked to sample their water and were surprised to find that organisms that are known to inhabit the harshest environments were found in their water heaters! 2. Members of the heat-loving genus Thermus, for instance, are right at home in environments that would scald human skin—from hydrothermal vents to industrial composting systems and the boreholes of gold mines. Pathogen Profiles & Medical Microbiology 1. Fungus Amongus - Radiolab WNYC Studios 1. In 2014, a Pakastan Hospital saw cases where patients were coming in sick with what turned out to be a fungal infection by the yeast Candidia auris, which was getting into the bloodstream (in 6 months there were 19 cases with 8 deaths). 2. The yeast first appeared in 2009 as an ear infection and epidemiological work showed cases popping up in South Korea, India, South Africa, and London and that this outbreak had no one origin, that this organism was developing the ability to infect people in different places of the world at the same time, so why now? 3. The theory is due to global warming; as the temperature rises, it selects for fungal cells/mutants that can adapt to the slowly increasing temperatures as many species cannot thrive at the temperatures of our bodies. Eventually, they adapt to a temperature that allows them to infect and grow in people. 2. How To Know When You Can Trust A COVID-19 Vaccine - Maggie Koerth 1. As the COVID-19 vaccine becomes more and more of a political agenda, many Americans are asking themselves should they even get it? Would you? 2. The article asks advice from experts on what we should do regarding the COVID-19 vaccine development. Many state not to take advice from politicians or pharmaceutical companies but by trusted independent scientists and medical professionals. Who do you trust? 3. Vaccine trials take time! Even the most promising vaccine trials are still enrolling participants and they need at least a month or two before you can collect all the data. It’s not just unlikely, it's Impossible to have a vaccine out before 2021 according to Eric Topol a professor and executive vice president at Scripps Research Institute. 3. Researchers are developing faster acting, longer lasting disinfectants - Emily Hendersen 1. Most disinfectants take several minutes to kill bacteria - not practical during a pandemic for high use items being touched all the time, like door handles and countertops. Food & Agriculture Microbiology 1. The symbioses of endophytic fungi shaped the metabolic profiles in grape leaves of different varieties - Xiao-Xia Pan et al. 1. Endophytes are microbes that live inside plant tissues without causing harm. There is great interest in these microbes as they are thought to be communicating and interacting with the plant in perhaps beneficial ways. 2. Pan and colleagues investigated this interaction between fungi and grape leaf using a method called high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) to understand the metabolism and influence of the microbe on the plant leaf. 3. Pan and colleagues looked at 14 different fungal endophytes there were isolated from a grapevine. They found that each fungus produced a different profile, impacted the plant differently. Some fungi provided more benefits to the plant than others. 2. Taxonomic assignment of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in an 18S metagenomic dataset: a case study with saltcedar - Franck Stefani et al. 1. AMF (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi) are incredibly important symbiotic fungus to land plants, extending the reach of the roots and helping to uptake vital nutrients like phosphorus. But when it comes to identifying these microbes it is very challenging. 2. Mycobiome (fungal microbiomes) are often done through looking at one gene that is shared amongst all fungus and then comparing it to a database. This gene does a poor job at identifying AMF and the databases do not include many sequences belonging to the group. 3. Franck Stefani and team decided to take a different approach to identifying these microbes. They took known AMF sequences and created a phylogenetic tree with their unknown sequences and identified the unknown microbes based on their relatedness to the known microbes. 3. Penn State researchers to study novel coronavirus potential to infect livestock - PENN State University 1. A USDA grant was approved for Penn State to research the potential for COVID-19 to spread to and among farm animals 2. Throughout history, we have seen diseases spread between humans and animals such as the H1N1 or swine flu. 3. The lab will use both animals and cell cultures to study the virus’s ability to adapt to animals as well as developing tests to detect antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in livestock. Environmental & Marine Microbiology 1. Scientists Awaken Deep Sea Bacteria After 100 Million Years - Amanda Heidt 2. Samples of clay were collected off the east coast of Australia that spanned a deposition period of between 13 million years ago and almost 102 million years ago! 3. Over time (68 days), the microbes revived and began to multiply with bacteria representing 10 major groups of bacteria! 2. After an asteroid wiped out the dinosaurs, ocean microbes helped life rebound - Katherine Kornei 1. The opening line of this article is ‘never underestimate pond scum!’ couldn’t agree more. This story is about the microbes that revived life after a crater destroyed the dinosaurs. 2. When researchers dug into the Chicxulub crater in the Gulf of Mexico they found a ton of micrite, a calcium carbonate mineral which is produced by bacteria and used by corals and plankton to make skeletons. 3. After the asteroid crashed into the Earth’s surface, it destroyed both land and sea. But life always finds a way, with little other competitors this allows algae and photosynthetic bacteria to rule the world...for a time at least. 3. Researchers identify the missing link in the production of nitric oxide-Emily Henderson 1. Ammonia can be toxic to microbes like methanotrophs, they metabolize it to hydroxylamine which results in inhibiting metabolic processes in the cell. 2. To overcome this, some microbes have a hydroxylamine converting enzyme which has been found to convert hydroxylamine into nitric oxide. 3. It is still unknown how nitric oxide is converted into nitrate by the methanogens, but another piece of the puzzle has been completed. Biotech & Microbial Products 1. Microbial Fusion and Exchange from Two Different Species Observed - Kamil Charubin and Joy Smoker 1. A lab at the University of Deleware has shown two species of bacteria can fuse together into a hybrid that shares proteins and RNA together and can replicate together 2. This was observed in two species of Clostridia which have been shown to be beneficial to each other 3. This opens new possibilities such as how antibiotic resistance is shared amongst bacteria or why we have a difficult time cultivating different species; they require the hybridization with another species for survival 2. Bioremediation of diesel oil in marine environment - Riya Mathew, Marykutty Abraham 1. Bioremediation is the process of employing microbes to “eat” (degrade) unwanted materials, such as oil spills which have a huge impact on climate change. 2. Bioremidiation can happen in two ways, bioaugmentation (introduce new bacteria), biostimulation (introduce new nutrients to stimulate native microbes to degrade a substance) 3. Researchers used beeswax as a biostimulant and simulated an oil spill showing that the addition of beeswax removed 87% of oil in 15 days while the control only removed 59%. 3. Going Waterless – A Major Step Towards Lab Sustainability - Kumar Jeetendra 1. Condensers are an instrument commonly used in many labs where heated liquids and solvents are cooled to prevent evaporation or cooling vapor back into a liquid 2. A UK group that works on sustainability has developed a waterless condenser that just uses air to cool the contents over a larger area 3. Typically condensers use water that is tossed, leading to a calculated waste of over 1 million liters of water a year for a typical reflux reaction. This saves water and money for all the labs out there including those for microbial research What's your favorite microbiology news? Tell us in a comment below! 32 views0 comments Recent Posts See All
From Bill Gates to Elon Musk to Mark Zuckerberg to the late Steve Jobs – there is no shortage of famous men in science and technology. As in any other sector, men appear to dominate the tech industry. According to statistics, only 26.5% of executive and senior-level positions in S&P 500 companies belong to women. Given these disheartening percentages, it is time to direct the spotlight on famous and powerful women in technology today. Across major tech companies such as Facebook, Apple, Google, and Microsoft, female tech employees are anywhere between 20% (Microsoft) and 23% (Apple, Google, Facebook). While there are pioneering women in tech history, such as Ada Lovelace, that have changed the world, women today are still vastly underrepresented in the tech sector. However, that is slowly but surely changing for the better as more girls who code and have mastered computer languages become a part of women’s history. Here is a list of ten famous and influential women in tech whose career paths in computer programming, information technology, programming languages, digital transformation, and emerging technologies inspire us. 1. Rediet Abebe Rediet is a computer scientist hailing from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Her educational background is nothing short of impressive: Rediet earned a Bachelor’s degree in mathematics and a Master’s degree in applied mathematics at Harvard University. She is the first black woman to earn a Ph.D. in computer science in the history of Cornell University. Even though Rediet dedicates her time to algorithms and artificial intelligence, she has found a way to utilize emerging technologies to make the world a better place. Rediet co-founded Mechanism Design for Social Good (MD4SG), an initiative that fights inequality. It uses machine learning algorithms to offer better access to opportunities to historically disadvantaged communities. Given everything Rediet had achieved by the time she turned 30 years old, many more great things are expected of this remarkable scientist. 1. Kamelia Aryafar The current Chief Algorithms and Analytics Officer at Google is Kamelia Aryafar, one of the top women in tech today. Her focus is on building Google Cloud AI solutions for different industries by leveraging her expertise in machine learning. Alongside this position, Kamelia also serves on several boards, such as for Overstock.com, Persian Women in Tech, and Initiative of Analytics and Data Science Standards (IADSS). Through the power of data analytics and artificially intelligent code, Kamelia helps personalize the search experience for Google users. Her team drives the most relevant products, services, and information to customers while inspiring their wants at the same time. 1. Safra Catz One of Forbes’ most powerful women in business in 2009, Safra Catz, is one of the two CEOs of the Oracle Corporation. Oracle is a ubiquitous name in computing, a tech company specializing in database software, cloud software engineering systems, and software applications for enterprises. In 2019, Oracle was declared the second-largest software company in the world according to its revenue and market share. (The first being Microsoft.) Thanks to her infallible business expertise, Safra is one of the highest-paid female CEOs of any company in the United States. She is also on the board of directors at The Walt Disney Company. 1. Roshni Nadar Malhotra Roshni Nadar goes down in tech history as the first woman to lead a listed information technology company in India. The technology company is HCL Technologies, which deals with software services. It is a global organization with offices in 44 countries, and its customers include 250 of the Fortune 500 companies. Roshni studied in the United States, where she obtained a Bachelor’s degree in Communication and later an MBA. In 2019, she was included in the Forbes list of 100 Most Powerful Women. Despite her doubtlessly busy schedule as a CEO of a global corporation, Roshni still does charity work. She is dedicated to helping India’s economically underprivileged and preserving India’s indigenous species and natural habitats. 1. Zhou Qunfei Chinese entrepreneur and founder of Lens Technology, Zhou Qunfei, is the richest woman in China, with a net worth of over $10 billion. Zhou didn’t have an easy life, and at 16, she had to drop out of school and become a migrant worker to support her family. In later years, she attended courses at Shenzhen University part-time. There, she acquired knowledge in computer programming, accounting, customs processing, and a lot more. Her company, Lens Technology, is a touchscreen manufacturer. It produces everything from touch panel covers to touch sensor modules, and it is continually developing new and better solutions. Her story of becoming a self-made billionaire is an inspiration to women in computing all across the world. 1. Maria Raga You might have heard of Depop, a fashion app that enables its users to sell second-hand clothes (or, as the app calls them, “pre-loved” clothes). It is super trendy, with over 140,000 items on sale every day! Defined as “a fashion marketplace for the next generation,” with its colorful, graphical user interface, Depop mostly draws in Gen Z users. The CEO that pulls strings behind this super-app is none other than Maria Raga. Maria allows the users on Depop to create their unique style and voice, and some of them even turn selling on Depop into a full-time job. She understands that fast fashion is all but dead. Users, especially the younger generations, want sustainable, long-lasting fashion. They want clothes that can be given a new life and not discarded in perfectly good conditions. Maria Raga and Depop have found a perfect way to provide that. 1. Ginni Rometty Arguably one of the most famous and influential women in technology today, Ginni Rometty is the former CEO of IBM. She still serves on the board of this global technology company responsible for the invention of the hard drive, floppy disk, SQL programming language, UPC barcode, and dynamic random-access memory (DRAM), and more. During her time as IBM’s CEO, Ginni focused the company on cloud computing, analytics, and cognitive computing systems. When she joined IBM, she was a mere systems engineer, but through her hard work and perseverance, she worked her way up to the very top, earning notable awards along the way. 1. Gwynne Shotwell Another one in a group of female mathematicians on our list, Gwynne Shotwell, is the President and COO (Chief Operating Officer) of SpaceX. SpaceX is a famous American space transportation company, founded and owned by Elon Musk. Gwynne’s Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees are in Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mathematics, respectively. At SpaceX, Gwynne started out as the vice president of business development, and now she’s responsible for day-to-day operations. Her duties include managing all customer relations and developing strategies for the company’s growth. Her heart is also devoted to creating more diverse spaces in science and technology and including women in computer science as a prerequisite for society’s advancement. 1. Susan Wojcicki Susan Wojcicki, CEO of YouTube, has a long and fruitful tech career behind her. Back in the 1990s, Susan was involved in the founding of Google, and in 1999, she became the first marketing manager of Google. At YouTube, she oversees the development of new apps and experiences for those interested in family, music, and gaming content. The company created new ways of monetization for YouTube creators, and under Susan’s leadership, YouTube’s premium service was launched. Susan’s sister, Anne Wojcicki, is another powerful woman in tech, as she is the CEO of 23andMe, a personal genomics company. 1. Jacky Wright Of course, this list would be incomplete without the Chief Digital Officer and Corporate Vice President of Microsoft US, Jacky Wright. In 2018, Jacky was among the black women topping the list of the most influential black people in the UK, even though her career is located in the US. Aside from having a high-powered job position, Jacky also advocates for women and diversity in the workplace and aims to improve the status of women in science and technology careers in general. She was a board member of Year Up, an organization that provides opportunities for young adults to build skills they could use later in life. Even though Silicon Valley is seen mainly as a men’s playground, famous women in technology aren’t few or far between. This list is just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to women in technology who have achieved great success and wealth through their knowledge and experience. Jacky Wright, Susan Wojcicki, Gwynne Shotwell, Ginni Rometty, Maria Raga, Zhou Qunfei, Roshni Nadar Malhotra, Safra Catz, Kamelia Aryafar, and Rediet Adebe are just a few of the names helping develop technological innovations and leading the digital transformation of startups and tech giants. If you’d like to know more about famous women in technology, female computer programmers, women pioneers in computing, the history of women in the tech industry, reach out to MyComputerCareer.
Flat head concerns Flattening does not affect brain growth and will usually reshape on its own once the baby starts to sit up Q: My 16-week-old has a flat spot on the back of his head. I’ve tried switching him around in his crib, but he seems to favour one side of his head no matter what his position. How can I make sure he doesn’t get flat head? A: Flattening — called positional plagiocephaly — occurs when babies keep their heads in one position for a long time. For the past 15 years, since parents have been advised to put babies on their backs to sleep, the number of cases has increased. Flattening doesn’t affect brain growth and the skull will usually reshape on its own once baby spends more time sitting up. In very rare cases, a child may need to wear a special helmet to help mould his head. Encourage your little one to turn his head more by strategically placing interesting objects around him, and give him lots of tummy time. There is a condition where the bones of the skull fuse early, so your infant’s skull should be checked at his regular checkups. If he keeps his head turned to one side even during the day, ask his doctor to check for torticollis.
The Effect of Cavities on the Entire Body Cavities San Francisco, CA Cavities are small holes that only affect a small portion of a tooth, right? They can be if you see the dentist as soon as you notice them. For the people who put off seeing the dentist until they run out of options, cavities can become so much more. A small hole in the tooth can become a bigger hole in the tooth. The bigger hole acts as a gateway for bacteria to gain access to the inner tooth. At this point, the problem tooth starts to lose structural integrity, as bacteria attack the enamel, dentin, and dental pulp. This is the point where a person starts to experience some level of toothache. Here are some possible scenarios for the person who finds a workaround for the pain. A complete health dentist explains the anatomy of cavities Many oral health problems come down to the unchecked activity of harmful mouth bacteria. The timely intervention will limit bacterial attacks to a tiny hole in the enamel. Ignoring the problem leaves the bacteria to ‘drill’ a hole right into the inner tooth. It just so happens that the inner tooth has blood vessels and other structures that link the tooth to its surroundings. By extension, these surrounding structures have blood vessels that link the mouth to the rest of the body. This means that harmful mouth bacteria can access a direct link to the rest of the body. It then follows that a cavity has the potential to affect systemic health. Here is how: 1. An infection resulting from a cavity can morph into gum disease When mouth bacteria create a hole in the tooth, their end-game is to create a bigger hole and eventually take over the tooth. Like a conquering army, the infection will do its best to spread to other teeth as well as the gums. If bacteria succeed in gaining a foothold in the gums, the following happens: • Mild gum disease remains largely without symptoms, except for bleeding and some tenderness • Periodontitis happens if gum disease progresses • The infection from advanced gum disease causes inflammation or it could make its way into the bloodstream 2. Tooth infection can trigger an immune response in the form of systemic inflammation If the body remains in a constant state of inflammation, other side-effects start to show up. Long-term inflammation could result in difficulty in the management of diabetes. Inflammation hinders the effective action of insulin, which can cause a rise in blood sugar. Studies demonstrate the link between the infection that is gum disease and diabetes 3. Infection can travel from the mouth to the rest of the body Without medical treatment or an especially strong immune response, infections will spread. Even mouth bacteria can make their way to other parts of the body. For example: • A serious bacterial infection of the mouth can make its way down the respiratory tract and into the lungs, causing bacterial pneumonia • Patients with weak immune systems are at greater risk of a mouth infection becoming a systemic infection • Bacterial colonies from the mouth can travel to the heart to cause endocarditis, an infection of the heart's inner lining Over and above the infection angle of cavities, there is also a quality of life angle that ultimately affects general health. Tooth decay can cause poor nutrition The pain that comes with tooth decay limits the sufferer’s diet. This not only denies the person their favorite meals, but it also keeps them from taking in useful nutrients. Keeping cavities at bay is easy We have a complete health dentist that is dedicated to keeping your mouth and body healthy. If you have a cavity that’s nagging you, even if it is only at the back of your mind, call us. The dentist will take care of it in a few short minutes. Check out what others are saying about our dental services on Yelp: Cavities in San Francisco, CA. Related Posts How Does A General Dentist Treat TMJ? Three Tips For Choosing The Right Orthodontics Treatment If you have been embarrassed by your smile, then you may be considering orthodontics treatment. There are many orthodontic solutions out there today to help you get the smile of your dreams. No matter what your age is, there are a few tips for choosing the right treatment. Knowing more about orthodontic treatment will help… Professional Dental Cleaning Quick Guide A dental cleaning is a preventative treatment that can protect teeth against tooth decay and gum disease. The treatment is performed to remove plaque and tartar from teeth surfaces. Plaque is a sticky film that coats teeth surfaces. It is made up of bacteria, acids and food particles, and it eats away at teeth surfaces.… Welcome To Union Street Dental Care We are committed to providing quality service to residents located In the San Francisco, CA area. Our website has additional information about the following topics: Dentist, Cosmetic Dentist, Family Dentist, Emergency Dentist 24/7, Emergency Dentist, Dental Implants, All-on-4 Dentist, Dental Veneers, Dentures and Dental Crowns.
Web Development Glossary Whether you are trying to design a website or just want to know more about web development, you’re bound to encounter many terms that may be unfamiliar to you. To help you, we have created this web development glossary full of various web development terms! This glossary is designed for anyone who needs assistance figuring out what certain acronyms or web development terms mean. It covers a range of web development terminology, all of which is arranged in alphabetical order. Read on to learn more. Then subscribe to Revenue Weekly for more digital marketing tips from the agency with over 20 years of experience! World-Class, Tech-Enabled Marketing Your marketing dream team. Learn More Icon Long Arrow White 404: An error message that occurs when what was requested could not be found. Broken or dead links often cause this. Adaptive design: A way to build a website with several different layouts suited for different screen sizes. Algorithm: A set of steps for carrying out specific tasks. When an algorithm is created, developers document all the steps needed to solve a problem and what each step involves. API (application program interface): How computers and applications communicate with each other. Application (app): A type of software that allows the user to perform different tasks. Attribute: Information about elements of a component in your website design/build Back-end: Everything going on behind the scenes, powering what happens at the front-end. There are four main components of a back-end development software stack: The server, the database, the operating system, and the software. Bootstrap: A free, open-source, front-end framework for designing websites and web apps, developed by Mark Otto and Jacob Thornton at Twitter to encourage consistency across internal tools. Browser: Program used to access the Internet and display web pages. When you type a web address or URL into a browser, it sends out a series of requests. It gathers different elements that make up the webpage, like images, ads, and content to display the page. Bug: An error or flaw that prevents a website or app from running correctly. Cache: The storage of certain elements to create faster load times for repeat website visitors. If a change is made to a website, users will need to clear their browser’s cache to see it. Classes: An identifier in CSS for specifying what you want to target with styling. In other programming languages, classes are broadly used as a blueprint to create something. CMS (content management system): The program you use to create and maintain your website’s content. A commonly used CMS is WordPress. Code: What web developers write using programming languages. Conversion: Goals you have for things on your websites, such as email signups and downloads. Cookies: Data sent by an Internet server to a browser. Whenever the browser accesses the same server, it sends that data back to track how often it accesses the server. Crawl: Occurs when search engines send bots to your website to find out which pages exist and don’t exist to determine what content should be displayed or removed in search results. CRM (customer relationship management): Software and applications used to gather, analyze, and maintain information about customers, donors, and prospects. CSS (cascading style sheet): Code that tells browsers how to display a webpage to users. This programming formats fonts, colors, and other visual elements. CTA (call to action): Buttons on your website to drive specific conversions or goals, like a newsletter signup or a contact form. Data structures: A way to organize and store data for maximum efficiency. These make it easy to find, access, sort, insert, and delete data. Types include linked lists, stacks, queues, and sets. Debugging: The process of identifying and dealing with bugs. Deployment: When a website or app goes live after development and testing. DevOps (development operations): System that helps to keep development, IT operations, and quality assurance departments on the same page to make for better end-products and collaborations. Domain: The address for a website as entered into the browser. Documentation: Essentially the central point of reference for anyone involved in managing, maintaining, or using a website or piece of software. It may provide information on requirements, architecture and design, technical properties, data for the user, or marketing. Favicon: Short for “favorite icon”; the icon that appears in your website’s browser tab. Fields: The most basic building blocks for data collection. They’re storage units that website visitors use to enter their names, email addresses, notes, etc. Firewall: System to protect a secure network from an unsecure network. Framework: Suite of programs used in website or software development lays the groundwork for the type of programming language used for your website or app development. Front-end: The part of the website or app that the user sees. FTP (file transfer protocol): Method of exchanging files from one computer to another. Full-stack: Full-stack developers work across all three layers: The front-end, back-end, and database. GUI (graphical user interface): The image of how a website is laid out and meant to be interacted with. HTML (hypertext markup language): Describes how an Internet browser should display a document as a webpage. It consists of tags, elements, and attributes. HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol): Used to transfer data across the Internet by sending data from an HTTP server program to an HTTP client program. Information architecture: The practice of organizing complex information clearly and logically. This means creating a user-friendly structure that makes it easy for users to navigate through websites and apps. Java: A popular programming language that is platform-independent and can be run on any device regardless of what operating system is used. JavaScript: Primarily used as a client-side language, embedded into the HTML of a page and sent to a browser. Web developers use this to add automation, animations, and interactivity to web pages. jQuery: A JavaScript library that simplifies the task of using JavaScript on your website by condensing several lines of JavaScript code into a single line. Meta tag: Additional information on web pages or elements, like the way a piece of content should display in Google search results, the credit for an image, or the main keywords associated with a plugin. Minification: The process of minimizing code and markup to reduce the file size. Mobile-first: An approach to web design and development that prioritizes mobile devices. The website is built first for a small screen, then for a desktop. MVP (minimum viable product): the most pared-down version of a product that can be released to the market. When adopting this approach, developers will focus on the core features and functions that are essential. Once the product is released and user feedback is gathered, they will continue to build the complete set of features. MySQL: The world’s most popular open-source database management system. OOTB (out of the box): Ready-made, plug-and-play options for features and functions that you can download and install without the need to customize or configure them. Opening/closing tags: Angle Brackets (< >) that bookend an HTML element to help build a web page structure. Closing tags include a forward slash (</>). Operating system: A type of software that enables the user to run applications on a device. Page template: The layout for a webpage. Pages that have similar structures share the same template. PHP (hypertext preprocessor): A server-side scripting language used to generate dynamic page content, send and receive cookies, control user access, and encrypt data. Plugin: An extension that adds extra functionality to existing software. Property: Characteristics that are dictated by CSS, such as color schemes and fonts. Redirects: Automatic forwards from one URL to another, usually from an old website URL to the same page on a new website. Registrar: Company used to register domains. Resolution: How large an image or graphic can be rendered on a display. Responsive design: Websites that accommodate the screen on which they’re being viewed. SAAS platforms: “Software as a service,” the most basic cloud platform that allows users to share files and collaborate on projects through their browser. Server: Computers running software that allows users to access your website and houses the hosting. Sitemap: An outline of all pages on a website organized in hierarchical order. Slider: Carousel of images usually featured on a site’s homepage that rotates, highlighting different photos, links, and content. Software stack: Bundles of software that work together to make up the back-end of a website. SSL (secure sockets layer): A standard security protocol for ensuring that all data transmitted between the web server and the browser remains encrypted. Text editor: A type of software used to write plain, unformatted text. UI (user interface): Visual elements that go into a website or app. UX (user experience): A user’s interaction focused on how satisfying and successful the experience is. Web app: Connect via the Internet browser and adapt to whichever device you’re viewing them on. Widgets: Applications that allow for specific interactive functions to be performed on a website. Wireframe: The bare-bones structure of a website. WYSIWYG (what you see is what you get): A visual content editor within CMS that allows you to modify content in your website without knowing HTML. Learn more web development terms Want to find out what WebFX can do for your business? We offer much more than web design terminology. Just contact us today for a free quote. We’d be happy to listen to your goals, ideas, and needs and create a custom strategy suited for your business or brand.
Solar panels expensive Perhaps the number one thing stopping so many people from converting to solar power is the expense. While it is still rather expensive, prices continue to drop, . Here’s a breakdown of the cost of a solar panel system, plus money saving tips. While the most expensive part of going solar is paying for the . Installing rooftop solar panels can be prohibitively expensive, after all, and it takes years before the resulting energy savings pay off. If you want to understand why it’s cost is cents/ Wp. Then, you need to understand the manufacturing process of the solar panels which requires huge amount of . Sunlight is free, but harnessing solar power to make electricity “remains considerably more expensive when compared to . A look at the cost of today’s solar panels. Many are still repeating their mantra that clean energy is so expensive that it will break us. EngineeringWhat has made solar energy so much more expensive in the past, and what developments are most important to further reduce the . The best solar panels are not necessarily the most expensive. Cost per watt ($/W) is a more convenient way of looking at the costs of solar .
• Carburizing In this treatment, the processed metal (especially low-carbon steel) absorbs carbon so that its surface is hardened. This results in a product with a hard surface and high resistance to abrasion, while the inside is soft and ductile. • Carbonitriding Carbonitriding is a method of carburizing where the metal absorbs nitrogen simultaneously with carbon, and then the surface is hardened. In general, this treatment is conducted using the same facilities as gas nitriding. • Gas nitriding Gas nitriding In gas nitriding, the metal absorbs nitrogen when a nitrogen-rich atmospheric gas comes in contact with its surface. It gives high resistance to abrasion. This treatment began when Dr. Fry presented his method of decomposing NH3 in 1923. Many surface-hardening methods including gas soft-nitriding and ion nitriding have been introduced since then, but if a thicker hard layer is desired, gas nitriding is the best way. This company has developed many gas nitriding furnaces on its own. • Gas soft-nitriding Gas soft-nitriding Gas soft-nitriding is used to modify surfaces of thin parts used in automobiles, hydraulic equipment, electronic equipment, etc. Using gas from generators as well as nitrogen gas and ammonia gas, gas soft-nitriding adds nitrogen and carbon to the surface of materials. Ideal when requiring resistance to abrasion, fatigue and corrosion (resistance to corrosion is equivalent to the level from galvanizing to chrome plating).
Women May Be Affected Differently Than Men When It Comes To Unhealthy Hearts Unhealthy Heart May Be Bigger Threat to Women's Brains Than Men's The study, of more than 1,800 adults in their 50s and 60s, found that those with heart disease, or risk factors for it, generally showed a greater decline in their memory and thinking skills over time. Past studies have revealed an association between heart health and mental acuity. It turns out that the link was especially strong among women. The brain relies on healthy blood vessels to supply its cells with oxygen and nutrients. Research over the years has found that many of the risk factors for heart disease and stroke are also tied to a quicker decline in cognitive abilities as people age. Those risk factors include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, smoking and obesity. Heart disease in women and men can be different. Women are more likely than men to have dysfunction throughout smaller blood vessels in the body, versus blockages in larger ones feeding the heart. It's possible that could contribute to cognitive decline. Also, utilize these resources to help navigate what you're looking for:
• Deb Martin • 855.874.6930 • [email protected] NUR149 - Influenza: The Basics (1.0 HR) Purpose: The health care practitioner will enhance his/her knowledge of this season’s influenza and best practices for prevention and transmission of the disease. Objectives: 1. Define influenza (flu); 2. List high risk individuals for developing flu-related complications; 3. Describe symptoms of influenza; 3. Discuss treatment, prevention, transmission, and complications of influenza.
[2010] chris catanach: Osteoporosis In Glogpedia by VirtualGardner Last updated 7 years ago Health & Fitness Toggle fullscreen Print glog [2010] chris catanach: Osteoporosis Go to this site to learn more about osteoporosis and learn about how you can help sufferers:http://nof.org/articles/7 Go to this site for more facts about osteoporosis and learn how to prevent it:http://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Bone/Osteoporosis/osteoporosis_ff.asp What is osteoporosis Infographic giving statistics, symptoms, and possible treatments of osteoporosis. Infograpic giving diagram and latin meaning of osteoporosis. Bones are constantly growing and shrinking through the process of remodeling. When the body is lacking calcium it takes what it has stored from the bones. The bones Then become thin and brittle due to the body taking its calcium reserves, this is osteoporosis. Osteoporosis literally means porous bones Spongy bone is mostly dissolved in this proccess taking the bones support system. This makes bones fragile and prone to breakage. When bones with osteoporosis are examined spongy bone with the disease tend to have larger holes due to the lack of spongy bone. People at any age can be afflicted with this disease but it mostly affects women after menopause and people in older ages. This a picture comparing a regular bone to one with osteoporosis. Osteoporosis causes more fragile bones more likely to break. Osteoporosis is a disease that causes low mineral densities in bones. Osteoporosis is caused by a lack of calcium in the body. Video describing osteoporosis and how to prevent it. There are no comments for this Glog.
The Quest for Artificial Intelligence License Details: Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0) You are free to: • Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material • for any purpose, even commercially. Book Description : This book majorly quenches the thirst of a reader who wants to know how artificial intelligence as an idea took birth and how was it propagated. It takes us to the history of AI where it was initially conceptualized in the minds of philosophers in the eighteenth century. Consisting of total 33 chapters, it reveals the science behind intelligence systems and robots being created in the modern world. It makes you familiar with the AI technologies and terms like cognitive science, deep learning, neural networks and humanoids. It takes the help of illustrations and diagrams to explain how AI works which is quite easy to grasp. It takes you on a journey from the era when AI was touted as a myth and a tool to forge God to the technological advancements man has done in this field by incorporating AI in face-recognizing cameras, speech-recognition software, Internet search engines, and health-care robots. How to read/download “Quest for Artificial Intelligence PDF”? 1. Click Download PDF button below. 2. Read it online See also Fundamentals of Python Programming Similar Posts
Assessing the model and Toward more noteworthy complexity To perceive how their model contrasted with human viewpoints about friendly collaborations, they made 98 unique situations with robots at levels 0, 1, and 2. Twelve people watched 196 video clasps of the robots connecting, and afterward were approached to gauge the physical and social objectives of those robots. In many cases, their model concurred with the humans’ opinion on the social collaborations that were happening in each edge. “We have this drawn out interest, both to fabricate computational models for robots, yet additionally to delve further into the human parts of this. We need to discover what highlights from these recordings people are utilizing to comprehend social communications. Would we be able to make a true test for your capacity to perceive social communications? Possibly there is a method for training individuals to perceive these social cooperations and work on their capacities. We are far from this, however even having the option to gauge social cooperations viably is a major advance forward,” Barbu says. Hanya di tempat main judi secara online 24jam, situs judi online terpercaya di jamin pasti bayar dan bisa deposit menggunakan pulsa The scientists are chipping away at fostering a framework with 3D specialists in a climate that permits a lot more sorts of cooperations, for example, the control of family protests. They are additionally wanting to adjust their model to incorporate conditions where activities can fizzle. The analysts additionally need to join a neural organization based robot organizer into the model, which gains as a matter of fact and performs quicker. At long last, they desire to run a trial to gather information about the elements people use to decide whether two robots are participating in a social collaboration. “Ideally, we will have a benchmark that permits all scientists to chip away at these social cooperations and rouse the sorts of science and designing advances we’ve seen in different regions, for example, article and activity acknowledgment,” Barbu says. “I think this is an exquisite utilization of organized thinking to a complex yet dire test,” says Tomer Ullman, collaborator teacher in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University and top of the Computation, Cognition, and Development Lab, who was not engaged with this exploration. “Indeed, even youthful newborn children appear to comprehend social connections like aiding and blocking, however we don’t yet have machines that can play out this thinking at anything like human-level adaptability. I accept models like the ones proposed in this work, that have specialists pondering the awards of others and socially arranging how best to upset or support them, are a decent positive development.”
display \| more... First discovered by accident by military satellites whose main mission was to detect space-based nuclear explosions, gamma ray bursts are highly energetic explosions that astronomers have yet to fully understand. Collisions between black holes or neutron stars have the potential to release such massive amounts of energy, but it isn't known if this is the cause of the bursts. They were first observed in the mid-1960s but were not reported in scientific journals until 1973. Because Earth's atmosphere filters out gamma radiation (thank goodness!) bursts can only be observed from space. NASA launched the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory in 1991 to study bursts among other phenomenon, but this satellite was purposefully de-orbited in June 2000. Bursts occur on average once a day. They occur randomly in all directions. Often the bursts outshine all other gamma ray sources in the sky then fade away leaving no trace. Bursts are accompanied by energy in other wavelengths, but because the bursts are so fleeting and often extremely distant, observing bursts at other wavelengths is quite a challenge, especially at when they are at their brief peak intensity. In 1998 astronomers detected a burst which turned out to be the most energetic event in the Universe since the Big Bang. Occuring 12 billion light years away (only a couple billion years younger than the Universe itself), the explosion was several hundred times bigger than a typical supernova, which was the old benchmark for big explosions. They remain one of the great unexplained questions in modern science. A gamma ray burst, as the name suggests, is a huge amount of gamma radiation released in space, that contains roughly the same amount of energy as a supernova. Unlike supernovae however, the energy in a gamma ray burst is released in a matter of seconds (between 30ms-1000s) as opposed to days, weeks or even months as the case may be with the former. They are detected with two types of telescope, one to closely examine an area of the sky, not unlike a wide angle lens on a camera, and another to focus the x-rays onto a sensor. The sensor is hooked up a computer equipped with sophisticated artificial intelligence software that can pick out the extragalactic bursts of energy faster than any human could by hand. When looked at in terms of matter and energy, imagine that the amount of material it takes to create a 1 megaton nuclear explosion could fit into a coffee jar. Now imagine the size of the explosion if instead of a coffee jar's worth of material, you had an entire star's worth. Now you're in the ball park. Gamma ray bursts were first discovered by satellite detectors in the sixties. When these strange busts of radiation were discovered, government scientists thought that the Soviet military were conducting clandestine nuclear tests, or that the bursts might be emissions from some alien spacecraft. It was only later when it was discovered that the bursts originated deep in outer space that the information was declassified and made available to the public. The bursts are not limited to one particular part of outer space, but occur randomly and without pattern. The one thing they do have in common is that nobody knows for sure what causes them. The effect of a gamma ray burst (GRB) in the vicinity of Earth (say 3,000 light years or so) could be disastrous, even worse than a giant meteor impact. About once every hundred million years such an explosion occurs in our galaxy. Our ozone layer (which protects us against UV radiation) would be completely destroyed and the atmosphere would be polluted with toxic radioactive particles, produced by the intense gamma radiation. In fact, some scientists believe these bursts have sterilized huge parts of the universe (a possible reason why we haven't found extraterrestrial life yet). • A popular theory is the neutron star-merger (aka "relativistic fireball") : a neutron star merges with another neutron star or a black hole. As a result, it releases the very energy-intense radiation. • A newer theory assumes they're produced by hypernovae (huge shortlived stars collapsing into black holes). There's evidence the bursts occur in regions where new stars are formed and could be a part of this process of birth. Maybe the process that created the conditions for life on Earth will also be responsible for its destruction... • http://scienceweek.com/swfr012.htm • http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/gamma/milkyway2.html
Grow your own vegetable seeds Anyone who grows vegetables in the garden should not only harvest the vegetables themselves, but also the seeds. So you don't have to buy new seeds every year. You do not have to buy vegetable seeds Tomatoes taste particularly good this year? It would be great if you could grow these tasty tomatoes again next year. It works very easily. All you have to do is harvest the seeds. Of course, this also works with many other types of vegetables. This not only saves you money on the seeds, it is also a lot of fun. Here is a guide for it. This is how you can win the seeds ❶ Harvest ripe fruit: First of all you need a mature fruit of the desired vegetable type. You can always recognize a ripe fruit by its soft fruit body. However, only harvest the fruits that best meet your expectations. Always harvest only healthy plants, because diseases can also be transmitted via the seeds. Lösen Remove seeds: Now cut the vegetables open and carefully remove the seeds with a spoon. Depending on the vegetables, you can also hold it over a bowl and squeeze it out. That works e.g. very good for tomatoes. ❸ Let the seeds ferment: If there is still pulp on the kernels, you do not necessarily have to remove them. Put everything in a container with lukewarm water, put it in a warm place and wait a few days. The mass then begins to ferment. The seeds then detach themselves from the pulp and sink to the ground. ❹ Wash off the seeds: When all the seeds have sunk to the ground, simply spoon off the pulp that floats above. Then you have to put the seeds in a fine sieve and wash them. ❺ Dry seeds: Then place the seeds to dry on baking paper, in a coffee filter or on some kitchen paper. You now need to dry in an airy place at around 25 degrees. ❻ Store seeds dark: Once the seeds have dried, it is best to put them in an airtight glass. Then put it in a dry and dark place. As early as next spring you can use the seeds to grow delicious vegetables. If you don't want to use the seed next year, that's not a problem. Stored dry and well closed, it lasts about five years. If the seeds are older than five years, it is best to carry out a germ test before sowing (instructions here). This way you can see whether it is still worth sowing. Video Tutorial:
Does To Kill A Mocking Bird Deserve Its Spot On Americas Top Reading List? English 1 Honors Essay 769 words - 4 pages Ben- Shabat 1 Noa Ben-Shabat Nonhoff- Zieg English 1H 8 June 2018 It’s Not all Black and White Lee discloses the accounts of Scout Finch, a young girl blossoming in the South in the 1930’s. To Kill a Mockingbird does not deserve a spot on the list, solely for the reason that the narrator is not qualified to acquaint racism. Scout is too exceptionally young and naive to understand racism but, the book is still told from her perspective. When Scout visits her family, her cousin, Francis, says horrible things about Atticus. Uncle Jack asks Scout what Francis said about Atticus. "A n…..-lover. I [She] ain't [isn’t] very sure what it means, but the way Francis said it..." (Lee.86) Scout was inadequate to comprehend the derogatory language used by her family, thus leaving her helpless in ensuring the criticalness of the effects from racism. Furthermore, Scout as a young white girl has not encountered racism and the frustrations of Ben-Shabat 2 growing up in a poor African American community firsthand. Scout, becomes confused about where her family stands in the social ladder, asking Atticus, “Are we poor” and getting the reply that “We [The Finches] are indeed...but not as poor as the Cunninghams.” (Lee.27) Evidently, multiple families in the South were affected by the Great Depression, but, Scout and her family were fortunate enough to grow up in a home with a working father. The Finches seemingly did not struggle with financial obstacles throughout the novel, which helps readers conclude that Scouts life was not as burdensome as the life of African American families. From these facts, one may conclude that the narrator may not be qualified... Reading analysis To Kill a Mockingbird - Year 9 - Reading analysis 844 words - 4 pages How does Harper Lee use language and structure to build tension and create a sense of fear in her description of the “the tyre incident” ? Harper Lee uses many elements of language and structure to build tension and create a sense of fear in her description of “the tyre incident” which is told in chronological order from a first person singular viewpoint. For instance, at the beginning of the text she uses long sentences: “I could only hope Symbolism in To Kill a Mockingbird - 10th grade english essay on symbolism in the book, To Kill a Mockingbird - Essay 1004 words - 5 pages neighbor, Miss Maudie, for an explanation, she reasons that, “They don’t do one thing but sing their hearts out for us. That’s why it's a sin to kill a mockingbird” (Lee 119). This lesson is extremely important for the Finch children throughout the book. It teaches them that punishing someone who does not deserve it, is unacceptable. In a way, the mockingbird represents the children, because they remain innocent despite cruelty in their town. The Injustices in To Kill a Mockingbird - English - essay 1071 words - 5 pages 1 “To Kill a Mockingbird” by Harper Lee Macey Higgins Mr.Pear Period A 10 November 2018 2 Set during the depression in the deep south, “To Kill a Mockingbird” by Harper Lee is a moving story the follows the lives of two siblings Jem and Scout. Throughout the novel, these two slowly start to realize that their hometown of Maycomb is not the paradise they thought and quickly learn about the prejudice and racial inequality present in their Assignment On To Kill A Mockingbird 1597 words - 7 pages To Kill A Mockingbird Harper Lee's ,To Kill a Mockingbird, is about a single father who struggles raising his two children, Jem and Scout, while defending a black man in a town who's majority of people are white. He is a respectful, noble, fair man. Atticus treats everyone equal , weather it's someone's race, age, or gender. Teaching Jem and Scout these same principals, so they can teach others. The children understand that a person can't judge To Kill A Mockingbird Essay-Ev A time to kill and to kill a mockingbird - Holy Cross/ English 10 - compare and contrast essay 1051 words - 5 pages Gina Le Ms. Maliszewski English 10 Block D 22 May 2018 A Time to Kill and To Kill A Mockingbird Compare and Contrast Essay During the 1900’s, discrimination and prejudice spreaded throughout the United States. A great example of this would be Harper Lee’s Novel, “To Kill A Mockingbird”, and Joel Schumacher’s film, “A Time To Kill”. The novel “To Kill A Mockingbird” written by Harper Lee, and the film directed by Joel Schumacher, “A Time To Kill 778 words - 4 pages To Kill a Mockingbird: Why not to ban The book To Kill a Mockingbird has been fought over for many years. Many people think it should be banned for its language and storyline, which in fact does not make sense at all because those themes exist in real life as well, and we can’t erase them from history. It has many important values imbedded in the story for us to learn, as well as a lot to teach us about our history. This 1960’s novel To Kill a Mockingbird Allusions 454 words - 2 pages throughout the country, including the state of who sat on a flagpole: Flagpole sitting was one of the stranger fads of the 1930s. Indian-heads: Before the Lincoln penny, there were Indian-head pennies.One Man's Family: a radio serial (like a soap opera) which began in 1932 and proved to be enormously popular for almost thirty years.Old Testament pestilence: Pestilence refers to a condition or disease that causes massive damage or To Kill A Mockingbird-Creative Oral On Chapter 12 555 words - 3 pages "linin'." This is a practise used by the black congregation and is used to aid illiterate people to sing hymns by repeating the lines after one person first reads them.When I asked Calpurnia about linin', she revealed that she is one of very few black people, four to be precise who knew how to read. She told me how she was taught to read by Atticus's relatives on the Finch Landing, and how she passed her skills onto her own family, in this case, her The Role of Fear and Racism in To Kill a Mockingbird - English - Essay 548 words - 3 pages Free Thompson 1 Sarah Thompson Mr. Clarke English 9A 25 October 2016 To Kill a Mockingbird To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee revolves around a case that demonstrates the prejudices and racism of the time. The story exhibits the notion that fear and racism is often more powerful and is often the driving force behind people’s decisions rather than reason and intelligence. Decisions and actions backed by racism in the novel are very common. The major Prejudice in "To Kill A Mockingbird" - Charlotte High School, English 9 - Essay 828 words - 4 pages Free prejudiced because everyone was wanting to take the white person's word over the truthful, black person's word. Bob Ewell was one of the most prejudiced people in the town of Maycomb and his daughter getting caught in the middle of all it made it worse. Tom Robinson was negatively affected by all of these things and was going to be punished for a crime that he did not commit. Would you like something like this in your society? Works Cited Harper, Lee. To Kill A Mockingbird. New York, Grand Central, 1982, pp. 180-271. Harper, Lee. To Kill A Mockingbird. New York, Grand Central, 1982, pp. 180-271. Accessed 9 May 2017 Racial Inequality in To Kill a Mockingbird - Grade 10 English - Essay 1227 words - 5 pages Racial Inequality in To Kill a Mockingbird To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee teaches us about the problems of inequality and divisions within society. It shows the realities of inequality from several different perspectives and reflects on the harsh judgments that people received. The main source of inequality in the novel is race. This was a major source of conflict throughout history in the south, which is where the story takes place the influences of the women in scouts life - to kill a mockingbird - english - essay 501 words - 3 pages Lisa Mwewa 101 In “To Kill a Mockingbird” we meet a family of three that consists of Atticus Finch, Jem Find and Scout Finch. Although Scout has no mother, she has many Female influences in her life that play an important role in her character and character development. These women go by the names of Alexandra Finch, her aunt, Calpurnia, the Finch’s housekeeper and Miss Maudie, their neighbour. In this essay I’ll be discussing each woman and Justice in To Kill A Mockingbird - Englsih - Essay 2214 words - 9 pages administration of what is just especially by the impartial adjustment of conflicting claims… conforming to truth, fact, and reason.[footnoteRef:1] Harper Lee provides countless examples of justice in To Kill A Mockingbird. Similar to the examples in the novel, Justice can come in many forms. One can achieve justice from the legal system. However, despite this grand premise on which our legal system is found, equality and justice are not always
Rules of Personal Hygiene Front view of a woman washing her hair Stockbyte/Stockbyte/Getty Images Personal hygiene is the upkeep of an individuals appearance, cleanliness and general health. It requires a balanced share of washing and grooming, but not in excessive amounts. A few simple rules contribute to help maintain a general healthy hygiene level. Hair should be washed with warm water and shampooed two to three times a week. It should also be kept trimmed. Get a haircut once a month to avoid unhealthy or scraggly hair. Every one or two days, the entire body should be washed with soap and warm water. After rinsing the body off, deodorant should be used on the armpits. Teeth should be brushed once or twice a day with toothpaste. Flossing should also take place once a day, and mouthwash can be used if desired. Some articles like dress shirts and blouses, jeans, and sweaters may be worn multiple times before washing, but socks and underwear should be washed after a single wear. After a bowel movement, the anus and surrounding area should be wiped with toilet paper or wet wipes.
Social capacitance Social capacitance In the world of physics electrical capacitance is the ability of a body to store an electrical charge. You can see capacitance in action when, for instance, LED lights take a while to fade after the power supply has been turned off. These days locations have a social capacitance. Through applications like Foursquare they are able to store “personal charge”. And this personal charge, generated by the dynamo of multiple check-ins, takes a while to fade after you move on to pastures new. You are physically there today and physically gone tomorrow. But your social media presence in an area has a half life and decays over time. We moved office in Edinburgh in the middle of December. But my social capacitance in EH3 is such that I’ve been losing Foursquare mayorships around the old office right up until last week. Electrical capacitance is measured in Farads. Social capacitance is evidently measured in Egads. Leave a Reply
A Debate Pertaining to Illegal Immigrant Children in Public Schools Published: 2021-08-04 18:25:08 essay essay Category: Debate, Public Schools, Children Type of paper: Essay Hey! We can write a custom essay for you. All possible types of assignments. Written by academics Roxie Vasquez ENG 102-2270 03/25/06 Research Paper A Debate Pertaining to Illegal Immigrant Children in Public Schools “The terms “illegal immigrant” and “illegal alien” are commonly used phrases that refer to the illegality of the action of migration without legal authorization” (wikipedia). Whether or not illegal immigrant children should be educated at the elementary, middle school, and high school levels in the U. S. , is a fiercely debated topic these days. Many debates are taking place all over the U. S. ertaining to whether or not illegal immigrant children are entitled to a free public education. One major debate taking place here in Arizona is that Governor Napolitano and “its controlled Legislature are locked in a stalemate over the teaching of the English language and how much to pay for it” (nytimes). Furthermore, illegal immigrant children should be given the chance to be educated in the U. S. and should not be banned from public schools because of their parent’s actions. Illegal immigration is a crime and sneaking into the country is in violation of the immigration law. For many illegal immigrant children, it is a tragedy to be raised here in the U. S. as an American child, to later learn that all their life-long goals and dreams they worked so hard for, aren’t realistic because of their illegal status. The illegal status of these children becomes very deceiving to them because as a young child they have no idea that they are illegal immigrants. It is even more devastating for that child (when the possibility arrives) that later in life that child might have to return to that “unknown foreign country” they were born in. Also, the American people who live in areas consumed by large amounts of immigrants are concerned about their school budget and the quality of education their child receives. To begin, one opposing argument against illegal immigrant children attending public schools is that it is widely believed that America cannot financially afford to educate the world’s children. Immigrant children attending public schools accounts for the dramatic increases in school enrollment, and failure to consider the capacity may have very real consequences for future public education in the U. S... Programs created specifically to serve students whose second language is English accounts for much of the extra costs and it is reported from Census that immigrant children accounts for such a large percentage of the school-age population. “An estimated 400,000 illegal immigrant children enter the U. S. each year and educating those children costs several states more than four billion dollars annually” (ap/online). Here in the state of Arizona, Governor Napolitano has “proposed spending $45 million a year to expand the English-language instruction in Arizona’s public schools” (nytimes). Secondly, a disagreement pertaining to illegal immigrant children attending public schools is that public schools in the U. S. are open to all children, in spite of their status and by law; it is mandatory that all children attend school. Also, the law states that each and every child, despite their legal status, is required to attend school from the age of six years to 16 years of age. The only necessary information to give in order to attend a public school is proof of residency in that district the child wishes to attend, a birth certificate, and vaccination records. In addition to laws, “Proposition 200 requires Arizonan’s to provide proof of citizenship when registering to vote and apply for public benefits” (azcentral). Because of this law, a numerous amount of Americans are appalled that an illegal immigrant child can attend free public schools without showing any proof of citizenship. In 1982, the U. S. Supreme Court ruled five to four, that undocumented immigrant children are entitled to a free public education. Also, it is common knowledge that “the action of INS has no effect on rules governing school enrollment” (heraldnews). In addition, each year, thousands of women flee from their country to enter the U. S. and give birth, knowing very much that their child will automatically have U. S. citizenship. Because of this, illegal immigrant children are not to blame for their status. It is not the child’s fault that their parent brings them illegally into this country because a child has no knowledge of illegal immigration or of immigration laws. Too, most children believed to be illegal immigrants are actually U. S. -born American citizens, born to an illegal parent. It is a fact that “22 percent of all American children under the age of six have immigrant parents” (ap/online). Also, all children, regardless of their legal status have “full rights to a free public education” (weeklyreadercorp. ). Besides, all illegal immigrant children deserve a chance to change their situations and paths in life because “illegal immigrant children are a future part of society and are worth the same investment as an American born child” (softcom. net). Almost all of the several million illegal children that are here will be life long Americans and are likely to be productive adults if they receive support now. As these illegal immigrant children are raised as an American born child, they will grow up knowing nothing else but the American born child’s way of life. Plus, some stress that money spent on educating immigrants, both legal and illegal, will pay off in future tax revenues as they will earn higher wages. “At this point, Americans are under the false assumption that illegal immigrant children are a distant and separate population that exist apart from the rest of American society” (losangelestimes) and they are wrong: immigrant children in public schools total close to half the percentage of citizen children. Besides, it is reported that one in every five student has an immigrant parent. Moreover, “under Title 8 Section 1325 of the U. S. Code, “Improper Entry by Alien,” any citizen of any country other than the U. S. who: enters or attempts to enter the U. S. at any time or place other than as designated by immigration officers; or eludes examination or inspection by immigration officers; or attempts to enter or obtain entry to the U. S. by willfully false or misleading representation or the willful concealment of a material fact; has committed a crime” (wikipedia). Hundreds of thousands of law-breaking illegal immigrants marched in America’s streets demanding that their right to live, work, and attend free public schools in the U. S. illegally, be respected. Even though America is a nation built upon immigrants, an illegal immigrant should not get a free ride towards citizenship just because they have lived and worked and had children here for years. The U. S. Congress is preparing to reward those who have broken our laws with the most precious treasure, the opportunity to become U. S. citizens. Thus, some lawmakers have pushed for the prevention of illegal immigrant children being educated even at the youngest grade levels. As it stands now, an illegal immigrant child does not qualify for tuition benefits, but some states have passed laws allowing illegal children residency tuition benefits. Plus, the thousands of children from families of illegals who crowd school classrooms, challenges the claim that illegal workers contribute more than they consume. It reportedly costs the state of Arizona “$750 million to educate the children of illegal immigrants” (azcentral). What’s more, the “Federation for American Immigration Reform estimates that illegal immigrants cost each Arizonan almost $700” (ap/online) a year; a hidden tax that subsidizes illegal aliens and the employees who hire them. Furthermore, if illegal immigrant children are denied the right to a free education, they could end up being illiterate criminals who tap into social services and prison systems. The cost of incarcerating illegal immigrants in Arizona’s prisons and jails amounts to about “80 million dollars a year; not including the cost of the crime that led to their incarceration. It is far better to have these children in school rather than to have them roaming crime-ridden neighborhoods day and night” (findarticles. com). Over the past several weeks, the debate over immigration overhaul has reached a boiling point, with hundreds of thousands taking to the streets to protest tighter controls on border security. As an effect of the debate to whether or not illegal immigrants have a right to attend public schools, a majority of the illegal immigrant students have recently walked out of school to protest immigration laws. Many illegal students said they were “marching in opposition to a bill sponsored by Rep. F. James Sensenbrenner (R-Wis. ), that passed the House in Dec. ; the bill would give police more power to enforce immigration laws” (chicagotribune). Although it is not an issue for legislature yet, many illegal immigrant students cannot register for college because they do not have a social security number. In all, if the world wasn’t fighting over free public education for everyone, then the world’s children would continue attending class and would be safe in school and off the streets. In conclusion, some Republicans have portrayed illegal immigrants as “invaders, criminals, and as burdens to society” (nytimes). Each year the Border Patrol arrest more than a million illegal aliens who flagrantly violate our nation’s laws by unlawfully crossing U. S. borders, often with the aide and help of fraudulent documents. All in all, illegal immigrants do not contribute more than they cost because the millions in prison and on welfare aren’t contributing a dime to our economy and the ones who are working are often paid in cash without tax deductions. America has a way of bringing us in, welcoming us and allowing us to become a part of the whole. What’s more, illegal immigrants migrate for a better future, education and rights. Thus, the U. S. has taken on many races, religions, and nationalities and has made them one nation; America has always been a nation built upon immigrants. We can write your paper just for 11.99$ i want to copy... People also read
Public Lab Wiki documentation Fuzzy Tail for Kites 2 \| 2 \| \| #3010 « Back to Kite Mapping Kites use tails to help stabilize them in the air, to keep them from swaying too much from side to side. The increased drag as the wind passes over the tail holds the kite in place. Big kites need big tails, and one popular and easy tail to make is a fuzzy tail. The flaps create more drag than a smooth tail so you can use a shorter tail (and get tangled less). They are fairly easy to make and can be made out of a number of materials. Here's one way to make them. What you'll need: 16 feet of thin Ribbon (or light weight webbing) Rip-stop Nylon Fabric (you could substitute other materials like thick plastic sheets or left-over fabric from other projects) Thread Straight Pins Scissors Sewing Machine (optional, but helpful) How to put it together: 1. Cut a strip of rip-stop fabric 10 inches wide by 15 feet long. You can also assemble smaller sections of fabric by overlapping the ends and pinning them together temporarily. 2. Lay the ribbon down the center of the strip of fabric, leaving 6 inches of ribbon at either end. 3. Pin the ribbon to the fabric. 4. Turn under the ends of the ribbon to form a loop and pin it in place. These loops will allow you to attach the tail to your kite or add on more fuzzy tails. 5. Sew the ribbon to the fabric, making sure to secure the ends of the ribbons to form the loops at either end. A zig-zag stitch works well to sew on the ribbon. 6. The final step is to cut the flaps. Make cuts on the fabric about 2 inches apart and 4 inches long perpendicular to the ribbon. You should leave about an inch of fabric on either side of the ribbon uncut and be especially careful not to cut the ribbon at all. Pinking shears make cuts that are less susceptible to fraying. Be sure to remove all the pins before flying.
Are rubber balls recyclable? Unfortunately, as beneficial as they may be for personal health, they’re not so great for the environment. Most exercise balls are made of vinyl, which is not easily recycled. Don’t throw those balls away, however; specialty recycling centers will take them, and gently used exercise equipment can be donated. How do you recycle rubber balls? To recycle your rubber, you can choose to donate it to places such as your local recycling facility or a tire retailer. Repurposing your rubber is often an even better option, and it can leave you with new useful items such as a tire swing, jar openers, or planters. Does rubber go in recycling? Common rubber products such as passenger and truck tyres, carpet underlay and even conveyor belts can be recycled. Commercial recyclers will shred used rubber for making secondary products such as rubber flooring and matting, which uses less energy in the production process than using virgin material. What can you do with old exercise balls? If your exercise ball is not damaged consider the alternative to recycle it through reuse. You can donate it to a local charity, school, YMCA or recreation center. IT IS SURPRISING: Which abiotic factors help in the formation of soil? Can balls be recycled? There are several mail-in recycling programs, including reBounces, which has partnered with Ace Surfaces and Advanced Polymer Technology to grind up the balls and use them as a component in tennis court construction and resurfacing. Is rubber recyclable UK? Rubber can be recycled into many different items, including football pitches. … The local community football pitches are being built across the UK and in India. The first pitch is being built within Manchester United’s Old Trafford ground, before being rolled out to the wider community. Do tennis balls decompose? The Problem Tennis balls take 400 years to decompose. Nationwide, approximately 125 million used tennis balls wind up in America’s landfills every year. Are condoms recyclable? In the most literal sense, both male condoms and female condoms cannot be recycled, meaning each condom can only be used once. … So, instead of trying to recycle or reuse condoms, simply wrap them in a little tissue paper/toilet roll and throw them in your regular rubbish bin . Why can’t you store medicine balls on wood surfaces? 3.0 out of 5 starsDON’T put on finished wood — you will be sorry! WARNING: If you place this ball on a wooden surface (especially one with a polyurethane/clear coating) it will strip the finish off your wooden product. How do you store Swiss balls? According to these owners, the easiest way to store these balls is by simply shoving them into a corner of the ceiling. The impossible-looking feat is said to be so efficient that the balls fit snugly in place without moving. IT IS SURPRISING: Are recycled napkins compostable? How do you store a gym ball at home? A corner is always a good place. You could also mount the net inside a closet, if you have room, to keep your exercise ball off the floor. Nets are also good for storing other light exercise equipment like mats, straps, and bands. This won’t work for heavier items like medicine balls, so stick with light equipment. Can old tennis balls be recycled? Tennis balls are mostly made up of rubber with some wool or nylon felt on the surface. They are recyclable and can be ground up and used to make rubber flooring. … Even better, tennis balls can be re-pressurised to give them back their bounce, extending their useful lives and reducing the need for new balls. Where do all the tennis balls go? Most tennis balls end up in landfills, but new hardcourts at CourtSense at Tenafly Racquet Club, which provided this photo, feature a layer of cushioning made from thousands of recycled balls. Why do tennis balls go flat? It’s all about the air As the air pushes against the inside of the ball it creates pressure. When the ball hits the ground the air trapped inside the ball is forced inwards. When the air on the inside pushes back the ball is propelled back off the ground, thus creating the bounce.
value prices What is Asset Valuation? Asset valuation is a method of determining the present or the fair market value of assets by using book values, discounted cash flow analysis, comparable, or option pricing models. Asset valuation includes marketable securities investments such as bonds. Asset valuation also includes valuation of tangible/fixed assets like buildings and equipment, or intangible assets such as patents, logos, and trademarks. Asset Valuation for Tangible/Fixed Assets In finance, Asset valuation plays a major role which often involves both subjective and objective measurements. Asset valuation of a company’s fixed assets, which is also known as; property plant and equipment or capital assets, are straightforward to value based on the assets’ book value and replacement cost. Asset Valuation for Intangible Assets Nevertheless, there are no financial statements that can tell the investors the exact value of a company’s brand or intellectual property. In an acquisition, companies can overvalue their goodwill because the asset valuation of intangibles is subjective and can be hard to evaluate, therefore, it is difficult to get an accurate measurement.,option%20pricing%20models%20or%20comparables. Share this post
National day A national day is a day on which celebrations mark the nationhood of a nation or state. It may be the date of independence, of becoming a republic, of becoming a federation, or a significant date for a patron saint or a ruler (such as a birthday, accession, or removal). The national day is often a public holiday. Many countries have more than one national day. Denmark and the United Kingdom are the only two countries without a national day.[1] Independence Day parade in Brasília Share this article: This article uses material from the Wikipedia article National day, and is written by contributors. Text is available under a CC BY-SA 4.0 International License; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.
Composition vs. Inheritance: code architecture solutions explained in Swift Composition and inheritance are both fundamental programming techniques when working in object-oriented programming languages. You’ve likely been using both patterns in your code already, even though you might not know what they mean. Over the past ten years, I’ve often been using inheritance throughout my code. Although using inheritance often worked out fine, I’ve got quite some examples in which I wished I’d used a different approach since the code became hard to maintain and test—reason enough for me to dive into the details around composition vs. inheritance. What is Inheritance? Inheritance means using the default method and property implementations of a superclass. You can describe inheritance as “subclassing a superclass.” A subclass may override specific properties or methods to alter the default behavior. The most common example would be defining your custom UIViewController: class BlogViewController: UIViewController { // Implementation details.. In this example, the BlogViewController inherits all functionality from the UIViewController default implementation. We can override the default implementation by using the override keyword before a method or property: class BlogViewController: UIViewController { override var prefersStatusBarHidden: Bool { override func viewDidLoad() { // Reuse default implementation // Add custom logic: view.backgroundColor = .red You can see that we’re now always hiding the status bar, and we’re setting the view background color to red. We make sure to reuse the default implementation of the superclass viewDidLoad method by calling the method on super. Using the super accessor, you can access non-private default implementations of your superclass. The risk of endless inheritance Since inheritance is transitive, a class can inherit from another class that inherits from another class, and so on. /// Inherits from `BlogViewController` which inherits from `UIViewController` class SwiftLeeBlogViewController: BlogViewController { /// When the status bar is visible, it might not be easy to find the cause. override var prefersStatusBarHidden: Bool { In theory, you could be reusing a lot of default implementations under the hood, which might not be noticeable right away. Debugging and testing code can become hard since code becomes less visible and less accessible. Structs don’t support inheritance Since inheritance is about reusing default implementations from a superclass, we can’t use inheritance with structs. You could see protocol conformance with default implementations as a replacement of inheritance, but this is a different technique. On the other hand, structs work great with compositions and benefit from working with value types only. What is Composition? Composition comes down to combining multiple parts to create a new outcome. You can see an app using numerous frameworks as an outcome of composing frameworks together. We can define composition as an instance providing some or all of its functionality by using another object. The most common example I’m using lately is implementing modern collection views using a compositional layout. The name itself already indicates being an example of composition in the default Apple APIs. Looking at the following code example, we can see the layout is composed by combining items, groups, and sections: let itemSize = NSCollectionLayoutSize(widthDimension: .fractionalWidth(0.2), heightDimension: .fractionalHeight(1.0)) let item = NSCollectionLayoutItem(layoutSize: itemSize) let groupSize = NSCollectionLayoutSize(widthDimension: .fractionalWidth(1.0), heightDimension: .fractionalWidth(0.2)) let group = NSCollectionLayoutGroup.horizontal(layoutSize: groupSize, subitems: [item]) let section = NSCollectionLayoutSection(group: group) let layout = UICollectionViewCompositionalLayout(section: section) The benefit of using structs and enums with composition Unlike with inheritance, we can use composition easily in combination with value types like structs and enums. Like explained in my article Struct vs. classes in Swift: The differences explained, value types have a lot of benefits like performance and memory safety. Since inheritance requires subclassing, we can only use it in combination with classes. Inheritance vs Composition: The differences explained To better describe the differences between inheritance and composition, it’s good to use a code example. Take the following example of a label decorator in which we want to have a bold red label as an outcome. The code looks as follows if we use inheritance: class RedLabelDecorator { func decorate(_ label: UILabel) { label.textColor = .red class BoldRedLabelDecorator: RedLabelDecorator { override func decorate(_ label: UILabel) { label.font = .boldSystemFont(ofSize: label.font.pointSize) In this case, using inheritance comes with a few downsides: • We need to use reference type classes • BoldRedLabelDecorator inherits from RedLabelDecorator and can be passed into a method that expects a RedLabelDecorator only, potentially causing side-effects for that method • There’s a missing potential of creating single responsibility decorators, allowing to reuse them in other places. For example, a bold decorator that can be reused in multiple places. To better explain these differences, we can look at the same code example written with composition. struct RedLabelDecorator { func decorate(_ label: UILabel) { label.textColor = .red struct BoldLabelDecorator { func decorate(_ label: UILabel) { label.font = .boldSystemFont(ofSize: label.font.pointSize) struct BoldRedLabelDecorator { func decorate(_ label: UILabel) { The outcome will be the same as the inheritance example, but we’re using composition which comes with the following benefits: • Structs allow better performance and memory safety • Both bold and red label decorator are reusable for other decorators • Each decorator can be tested in isolation Of course, we can optimize this code by making use of a Decorator protocol, for example. Can I combine Composition with Inheritance? I believe there’s no one-way solution. In my projects, I’m often combining many patterns like MVVM, MVC, and Composition and Inheritance. I always aim to create testable, reusable code that’s easy to understand. Funny enough, even though I’m writing articles for five years and developing apps for over ten years, composition was still not on top of my mind when writing code solutions. Looking back at code examples in my projects that caused the most trouble, I could argue that composition would have led to better maintainable code. Both inheritance and composition are often used in Apple’s SDKs and require us to think with a different mindset. Composition has the benefit of using value types and often results in better reusable code. Though, inheritance might sometimes be inevitable, which you shouldn’t see as a bad thing. You can combine both patterns in a single project, and one should pick the right solution that fits the problem best. If you like to learn more tips on Swift, check out the swift category page. Feel free to contact me or tweet me on Twitter if you have any additional suggestions or feedback.
Home » Glossary » Identity Theft Identity Theft Technology has had a significant positive impact on many people’s lives, and it’s true that technology makes it easy for people to communicate more easily and connect with more people. However, it’s also made it much easier for people to scam others. There are a lot of elements of technology that have made scammers proliferate, especially identity theft scammers. Every year, millions of people are the victims of identity theft. It’s a term you may have heard thrown around on many occasions, and though you might be worried about the possibility of it happening to you, it also might not be something that you’ve spent much time thinking about. The more information you have on identity theft, the less likely you are to experience issues with it. What Is Identity Theft? Identity theft is any practice where an individual fraudulently uses another individual’s identity. This is typically for financial gain, but identity theft could also occur if someone simply needs a “clean” identity that is not their own to deceive someone else. Most commonly, identity theft occurs when a perpetrator is able to get special information from someone, then uses that special information for their own ends. It may be as simple as taking out a loan in someone’s name or as complicated as doing a huge number of transactions with that person’s identity. What Type of Information Can Result in Identity Theft? The process of identity theft can be extremely dramatic and long-lasting, or it can be simple and require only a bit of information. Identity theft can happen if someone is able to get their hands on any of this information: • Social Security Number • Driver’s license number • Credit card number • Full name and address • Bank account information The different types of information will result in different types of identity theft. Someone gaining access to your Social Security Number is more likely to cause serious problems than someone gaining access to your credit card number. After all, you may simply be able to change your credit card number, but you can’t easily change your Social Security Number. What Problems Can Identity Theft Cause? There are a huge variety of problems that can come as a result of identity theft. It’s estimated that over $15 billion in fraudulent charges come as a result of identity theft every year just in the United States. There are also other possible identity theft problems, including the following: • Credit dropping • Loans the person didn’t take out • Overdraft charges • Legal fees There are also other problems that can happen, like a serious waste of time in trying to track down the person who did this, figure out where someone may have misused your identity, and send all the legal documents necessary to prove that it wasn’t you. Overall, it’s a huge impact on time, money, and peace of mind. How Can Enformion Help Reduce Identity Theft? Identity theft typically causes more damage when you don’t know that it’s happening. Enformion makes it possible for you to keep an eye on people’s identities, which can help you catch potential problems early on in the process. Plus, it can also help you keep people from accessing information when they aren’t supposed to by allowing you to run credentials through a simple system. There are many ways for Enformion to help you reduce identity theft in your business and even on a personal level.
El cambio climático presenta serias amenazas a la inversión y desarrollo de infraestructuras (McKinsey & Co) Climate change is revealing infrastructure vulnerabilities. Nine of the costliest mainland US hurricanes on record have occurred in the past 15 years. Hurricane Sandy in 2012 caused $70 billion in infrastructure damages and climate change is expected to further intensify these risks. These sobering findings come from a new report published by McKinsey & Co which sets out how 'Infrastructure is the backbone of the global economy, connecting people, enhancing quality of life, and promoting health and safety. But climate change is revealing infrastructure vulnerabilities.' The issue is that the pace of climate change has accelerated and is fast overtaking the anticipated longevity for which the majority of infrastructure assets have been designed. Energy plants running on coal have a lifespan of 40-50 years, hydropower dams are planned to last up to 100 years; they are now operating outside of their tolerance levels. With climate change and more extreme weather events, there is an economic threat to the large investments made in the projects, and additional threats beyond that to the communities which rely on the vital services the infrastructures deliver, including power, water, waste, transport and housing. Infrastructure will need to adapt, with firms like our own Greenwood Sustainable Infrastructure reshaping infrastructure assets to be more decentralized, decarbonized, resilient, and technology enabled. To access the report, click here. Compartir esta página Compartir esta página en LinkedIn Compartir esta página en correo electrónico
Did the Japanese eat POWs? Did the Japanese eat POWs? JAPANESE troops practised cannibalism on enemy soldiers and civilians in the last war, sometimes cutting flesh from living captives, according to documents discovered by a Japanese academic in Australia. How were the POWs treated by the Japanese? Why did Japanese soldiers not surrender? Kamikaze. It was a war without mercy, and the US Office of War Information acknowledged as much in 1945. It noted that the unwillingness of Allied troops to take prisoners in the Pacific theatre had made it difficult for Japanese soldiers to surrender. What did Japanese soldiers call American soldiers? The Army troops called themselves “G.I.’s”, a term that originally referred to their clothing and gear as “Government Issue”. Who was the last man killed in ww2? Charley Havlat What is a Japanese soldier called? The Imperial Japanese Army (Japanese: 大日本帝国陸軍, Hepburn: Dai-Nippon Teikoku Rikugun, “Army of the Greater Japanese Empire”) was the official ground-based armed force of the Empire of Japan from 18. Is Japan not allowed to have an army? Under the post-war constitution, Japan is not allowed to have offensive military forces. Its Article 9 declares “the Japanese people forever renounce war as a sovereign right of the nation and the threat or use of force as means of settling international disputes”. Why was Japan never conquered? 4. Japan. One of the world’s oldest civilizations, Japan was able to keep its culture and history relatively intact over the centuries because mainland Japan has never been invaded by an outside force. Contrary to popular belief, the “divine wind” typhoons didn’t destroy the Mongol fleets outright. About the Author You may also like these
Home/ Blog/ Healthy Living/ What To Know About The COVID-19 Delta Variant Jul 30, 2021 By Devin Collins Face masks Updated August 9, 2021. A highly contagious strain of COVID-19, known as the delta variant, is giving public health officials cause for concern, as cases continue to rise across the U.S. Here’s everything we know about it so far: What is the Delta variant and why is it concerning? Known as B.1.617.2, the delta variant was first identified in December of 2020 in India, where it was associated with an upswing in COVID-19 cases and contributed to an overwhelming burden on the country’s healthcare system. Since then the variant has been detected in over 110 countries and has become the most dominant strain in the U.S. It now accounts for the large majority of all U.S. infections across all 50 states. Both the CDC and WHO have classified the delta variant as a “variant of concern”, meaning that it’s more transmissible and may cause more severe illness, though more research is needed. The delta variant is thought to be the most contagious variant yet, having quickly become the dominant strain in the U.S. after first being identified in the country in March 2021. In fact, early research suggests it to be about 40 to 60% more contagious than the alpha variant, the previously dominant strain in the U.K. and the U.S, which was already 50% more transmissible than the original coronavirus strain first reported in Wuhan, China in 2019. According to Yale Medicine, public health experts estimate that the average person infected with the delta variant spreads it to 3 or four people, compared to 2 people with the original strain. While there is not enough evidence yet to confirm that the strain causes more severe disease or is deadlier than other strains, some research has linked the delta variant to increased risk of hospitalization. A study by Public Health England (PHE), for instance, found that those with the delta variant were twice as likely to be hospitalized than those infected with the alpha variant. Meanwhile, a study in Scotland showed the rate of hospitalization for people with the delta variant to be about 85% higher than that of patients with the Alpha variant. What symptoms does it cause? It’s not clear yet how symptoms of the delta variant differ from those of other strains, as limited data is available. In the U.K. however, where the delta variant now accounts for the majority of infections, headaches, sore throat, runny nose, and fever have become the most commonly reported symptoms recently, while cough and loss of taste and smell have become less common. These findings, however, could be due to the fact that younger people, who are less likely to be vaccinated, now account for a greater proportion of COVID cases and are more likely to experience more mild symptoms. Who is most at risk? People who haven’t been vaccinated against COVID-19 are the most at risk of being infected with the delta variant. Areas in the U.S with low vaccination rates, such as Missouri and Arkansas, for instance, were the first to see a spike in cases. Meanwhile, Public Health England, found that the risk of hospitalization with the delta variant is much higher among those who are unvaccinated. What does this mean for people who have already been vaccinated? Studies have found all three vaccines authorized for emergency use (Pfizer, Moderna, and Johnson & Johnson) to be effective against the delta variant for those who have had both doses. For instance, the PHE found that both doses of the Pfizer vaccine were 88% effective against symptomatic disease and 96% effective against hospitalization, with the delta variant. The key to the vaccines’ effectiveness, though, is receiving the full dosage. According to the same study, one dose was only 33% effective against symptomatic disease. That being said, no vaccine is 100% effective. A portion of those vaccinated with COVID-19 have been infected after vaccination — known as “breakthrough cases”. More research is underway to understand the prevalence and significance of breakthrough cases with the delta variant, but so far, severe disease in vaccinated individuals seems to be rare. At this point, it is not known whether a booster shot will be needed to protect against the delta variant or other COVID-19 mutations. Vaccine makers, however, are currently exploring this possibility. Pfizer has announced plans to seek emergency use authorization for a booster dose later this year. What does this mean for kids? We are still learning about the Delta variant's impact on children. It is not yet known if the Delta variant causes more severe disease in children. As children under the age of 12 years are not yet eligible for the COVID-19 vaccine, we may see increasing numbers of cases in kids, especially in areas with low vaccination rates of adults and high community transmission. The best thing we can do to protect them is to vaccinate all eligible individuals around them. Children over the age of 2 years should also continue to wear masks in indoor settings outside of the home. How can I get tested for the delta variant? If you’re experiencing any of the symptoms above or have been exposed to someone with known or suspected COVID-19, we recommend getting tested. All available testing options at One Medical can detect the presence of all COVID-19 strains, including the delta variant. That being said, while we can diagnose a COVID-19 infection, our tests cannot identify which specific variant is the cause. At this time, the only way to determine if you have a particular strain is through advanced genetic testing, as there is not yet a specific test for the Delta variant. The good news, however, is that your care plan will be the same regardless of whether you have the delta variant or another strain. Learn more here. How can I protect myself? If you haven’t already, get vaccinated. Vaccination still offers the best protection against all known strains of COVID-19, including the delta variant. Everyone, including those who have been vaccinated already, should continue to practice social distancing in crowded, public spaces, stay home when sick, and wash their hands. The CDC also recommends for everyone, regardless of vaccination status, to wear masks in public indoor spaces in parts of the country with substantial or high rates of COVID spread. 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STR Tape Screenshot.png STR Tailor's Tape Proposed Cover Art The Impact of Short Tandem Repeat Variation on Gene Expression. Nature Genetics 51, 1652–1659 (2019) Image was featured as banner art on Nature Genetics homepage (see screenshot below) The paper examines a type of variation in the human genome called Short Tandem Repeat (STRs) and analyzes its implication in the expression of genes associated with complex traits such as schizophrenia, inflammatory bowel disease, height and intelligence. Referencing the effects of STR variations on height, the illustration depicts one example of an STR, the AC repeat, on a twisted tailor's tape-measure, which evokes the classic depiction of double stranded DNA.
Features and efficiency of growing strawberries in bags In recent years, the cultivation of strawberries in bags, or, as gardeners say, according to Dutch technology, has been gaining wide popularity. Since there is always a demand for this delicious berry, many organize, in this way, a truly profitable home business. Moreover, in order to grow the first crop, you only need a dense plastic bag, a special substrate, which can be purchased in the store, and adherence to simple rules in care. Bag preparation Ideal conditions for the growth of large berries are provided not only by the observance of greenhouse conditions, but also by the correct preparation of bags for planting. For these purposes, dense, polyethylene bags are used, preferably made of white film, the thickness of which should not exceed 0.25-0.35 mm, since it allows maintaining the light regime for the plant, or, less often, industrial bags made of flour or sugar. The diameter of the container is 13-16 cm, the length is 200-215 cm. The bags are filled with peat and perlite substrate and sealed on one side. At the same time, it is not necessary to build such a container yourself; you can purchase ready-made ones in special stores or agricultural firms. In this case, you should choose with the largest diameter. This will not affect the yield in any way, and the use of the working area will be more efficient. You should also pay attention to the system for attaching containers to the wall or ceiling of the greenhouse. For these purposes, either hooks are fixed on the vaults of the frame, or trellises are organized, on which improvised beds are subsequently hung. If the substrate is being prepared independently, preference should be given to slightly acidic, neutral, light soils. As a rule, a mixture of sod land, small fraction sawdust and sand in equal proportions is used for filling. Organic fertilizers are necessarily added - humus and cow dung, but not more than 2.5-3.5% per container. Mix the substrate thoroughly. The bottom of the container is filled with a small amount of expanded clay, this will provide good drainage, prevent moisture stagnation and rotting of strawberry roots. Then, on top of the drainage layer, a wet substrate with fertilizers is tightly laid and the bag is closed. Microclimate creation Home, living quarters are not particularly suitable for growing strawberries in bags, since the technology implies the creation of constant greenhouse conditions - maintaining the temperature regime at around 22-26 C, high air humidity and, most importantly, proper lighting. The most economical and efficient option is to place the plastic bags vertically. In this case, the effect of natural light will be maximized. However, if strawberries are grown in a cramped garage, hut or shed, it is advisable to place the seedling container horizontally. In order for the harvest to be all year round, and the berries are juicy, new seedlings should be planted every 1.5-2.5 months, which are thrown away after harvesting the fruits. For this, only frigo seedlings are suitable, they can be purchased in many agricultural firms, or grown independently at their summer cottage. Temperature and humidity Successful ripening of berries is possible only if the temperature is constantly maintained at a level of 20-26C. Decrease and drops of more than 5-7 C are not allowed, drafts are also excluded. For temperature control, as a rule, automatic settings are used. However, you can adjust the temperature mode yourself, using a thermometer and short-term, daily airing of the room. Air humidity should be relatively high - at least 70-75%. To do this, every day or every 2-2.5 days, depending on the number of bushes and temperature, air and the bottom of the bags are sprayed in the greenhouse. You can also maintain such humidity using a special device. It is also recommended to observe the content of carbon dioxide in the air in the greenhouse at the level of 0.15-0.22%, which contributes to an increase in yield. This is achieved by lighting a simple candle for a long time. Lighting and watering Strawberries are light-loving plants. Full ripening of berries is possible only when maintaining natural light with a long day of light. That is why the main difficulty in growing strawberries in bags at home or in the garage will be to equip the proper lighting. It should be powerful, with a predominance in the red spectrum. As an artificial backlight for a greenhouse, lamps such as DNAT or metal halide are best suited. Additional lighting should work for about 10-12 hours to simulate the natural process of day and night. In a home or garage, it is better to use high power fluorescent lamps. At the same time, they should be turned on strictly according to the schedule, at the same time. In greenhouse conditions, supplementary lighting is turned on as needed. It is quite easy to determine the lack of lighting - the plant begins to stretch upwards. Watering strawberries should be regular and always drip, while watering on the plant itself is not allowed. To organize such an irrigation system, as a rule, drip tubes are used. When growing berries on a larger scale, special equipment is used that works automatically without human intervention. The scheme of planting strawberries in bags Planting and leaving 4-5 vertical rows are marked along the bag, small cuts of 6-9 cm are made in a checkerboard pattern, into which the sockets will be planted, at a distance of 22-26 cm from each other. The holes are made oblong oval or diamond-shaped. If the containers are placed vertically, then the root of the seedlings is planted as deep as possible. To make the landing pits, a triangular blade or large diameter tube is used. When placing containers horizontally, the cutout is made slightly smaller, and the roots are not deeply buried. Seedlings are planted only in well-moistened, loosened soil. During planting, it is better to keep the sockets in a box with wet soil; the roots are not allowed to open for more than 7-10 minutes. The density of bushes per container, depending on its size, is 9-25 bushes. After that, the beds are watered. After 5-7 days, when the bushes adapt to a new place, foliar feeding is applied, which allows you to quickly put down additional roots. If special equipment for irrigation is not used, immediately after planting, a 2-3 liter plastic bottle with three thin tubes, usually from a dropper, is reinforced above the bag. Three power sources are recommended per bag - bottom, middle and top. Each container should receive at least 2-2.5 liters of introductory and nutritional liquid per day Is it profitable to grow bagged strawberries? How profitable it is to grow strawberries in bags can be roughly calculated in advance. For example, in one bag you can plant 15-25 bushes, collect up to 6-12 kg of berries with proper care. Since the bags for growing are rather narrow, no more than 12-16 cm in diameter, you can place up to 8-10 pieces per 1 square meter, installing in two tiers. In this case, you can collect about 65-95 kg of ripe berries from one meter and, depending on the season, sell them for $ 2.5-8.5. Thus, with a constantly active demand for strawberries throughout the year, its cultivation will always have a decent level of profitability. Planting berries in bags, at a relatively low cost, allows you to organize a fairly profitable home business. Video "Technology of growing strawberries in bags" The video tells how to equip the cultivation of strawberries in horizontal bags in greenhouse conditions, about the technological features of this planting method. We grow strawberries in bags at home An intensive crop production system every year becomes a generally accepted method of growing fruit crops. As a result, most farmers double the productivity of their beds, and also get a high-quality and healthy harvest. One of the elements of this system is the cultivation of strawberries in bags. Next, it will be discussed in detail what is needed to grow a fragrant berry. Growing tomatoes in buckets and bags In one of the communities, an article from the Internet was presented today, without specifying the material. But the author seemed so interesting to me, I decided that I would still present him to those, more than you, that I have confirmation of this fact. My daughter, 5-6 years old, worked in a local greenhouse farmer-greenhouse, and he also used a similar method, only not in buckets, but in small polypropylene from bags in which we sell cereals, flour, sugar 5-10 kg each. The harvest was excellent, but it added a lot to these bag seals with a fully balanced mixture. And now the material. (From internet) Tomato is one of everyone's favorite types of vegetables, without which our table is indispensable all year round. Fresh medicinal tomatoes have properties and are widely used in cooking. And pickled, salted tomatoes are included in the mandatory list of traditional preparations for the winter. Therefore, almost everyone is engaged in growing tomatoes on their plots. Each of the gardeners-gardeners is gradually gaining invaluable experience in growing garden crops. Sometimes situations arise that can lead an ordinary plant lover to a small, but still a discovery. it turned out So it was with me when growing tomatoes in Advantages. buckets of growing tomatoes in buckets + Next] / i]] seedlings We plant grown tomatoes in a greenhouse every time. And this year, plants will definitely remain, there was some space for some in the greenhouse beds. Ten years ago, also after planting in the greenhouse, there was an extra "left" seedlings of tomatoes. My children were sorry to throw it away, and they planted a few of the remaining plants in old leaky metal buckets - one seedling in each bucket filled with ordinary Buckets. humus with seedlings planted in them was also placed in a greenhouse, placing it on the sidelines. I don’t remember the names of the varieties of all the tomatoes that appeared in this volume, but in the buckets there was also the “Miner's Glory” variety. Quite unexpectedly for all the buckets in the tomatoes began to ripen for two weeks than earlier in the greenhouse beds. And the fruits on them were about one and a half times larger. Bushes in buckets in tomatoes bore abundantly, were just an example. By the sleepers, the fruits of the "Miner's Glory" variety usually did not grow on a larger garden bed of 150 g. But on the other hand, the harvest in buckets in seedlings turned out to be really glorious - dense, smooth, round fruits in a bucket reached the Shrubs of the city. 250 tomatoes in buckets turned out to be more powerful, a much larger crop was formed, and the fruiting of these plants was longer. My children did not hide their glee at the results. And I had to ask them for some fruits for seeds, although I was doing the pinching of the tomatoes in buckets, but I did. However, after this successful experiment, I did not attach much importance to it. In the following years, it so happened that when planting tomatoes, my children were no longer present, and there was no one to plant seedlings in a bucket. But a few years later, this story repeated itself. Now my grandson has planted several plants in a bucket. And again, the result of growing tomatoes in buckets was beyond praise! A stable pattern of yields of tall tomato seedlings in buckets was clearly manifested. Experiment on seedling planting tomatoes in buckets And so, in order to finally be convinced of the effectiveness of growing tomatoes in buckets, I specially planted tomato seedlings as an experiment. seedlings I planted ten different varieties in buckets, one plant in each bucket. For this I found leaky metal buckets in a dump and filled them with humus as usual. The buckets themselves when growing tomatoes in a greenhouse were placed in partial shade, and the plants themselves were well lit. And again the buckets planted in tomatoes gave an enviable harvest. On large-fruited tomato varieties ("Gigant Novikova", "Wonder of the Earth", "Crop Triple", "Egyptian Giant", "Yantarevskie", "Canadian Giant", "Lebanese Giant"), the fruits reached a weight of 1 kg and bushes. And there was a real abundance for more tomatoes with an average weight of fruits within 100 -150 g ("Argentine cream", "Sorcerer", "Dream lover")! But on the greenhouse in the beds, despite a good harvest of tomatoes, the picture was much worse. With a great delay (they ate when there were already a lot of fruits that had grown at last), I, in buckets, realized that it was necessary to take a photo of fruiting plants. The photo shows only two varieties of tomatoes in buckets: "Giant raspberry" (Novikova, large, round, fleshy with "sugary" Italian), and "structure" - elongated, red, dense. By the way, I zoned Italian "tomatoes" for about 15 years. The number of fruits at the same time on the bush of this variety, and practically ripened, we counted 45 pieces (the whole plant did not fit into the frame). Each tomato turned out to weigh 120-110 g. And this is not counting the second crop. queue for attention and other interesting fruits. the facts of tomatoes grown in buckets are always more dense, and not watery (as is often the case in a bed with abundant watering). Yes, and I have not noticed any cracking of fruits when growing tomatoes in buckets. powerful, Large bushes of tomatoes in buckets are grown on strong twine. We never tie the fruit brushes. Agrotechnical techniques for growing tomatoes in buckets in greenhouses are standard conditions: - moderate watering - the plant does not fall on moisture - good ventilation - timely pinching - non-thickening landings - not exceeding the permissible temperature in the greenhouse (more than 30 C). One very important observation: the more leaky the "the" the bottom of the bucket, the more vigorous the growth of the tomatoes. This fact is due to the fact that the roots that penetrate through the bottom of the bucket into the soil of the plants always have the necessary supply, since the moisture under the bottom of the earth never ends. dries up tomato experiment What explanation can be given to the phenomenon of an excellent harvest of tomatoes in my On buckets? look, it is. The bulk of the roots of the mass of tomato, which is located at the walls, is heated, buckets in the greenhouse to air temperature. The water in the bucket also warms up much faster when the plants are watered. In contrast to this situation, in the soil bed, the temperature at the depth of the main roots (25-30 cm) is ten degrees lower than on the metal surface. And the soil of the bucket - doesn't this contradict the meaning? common sense After all, there is an opinion that metal contact with plant roots is incompatible. However, you see how the high thermal conductivity of metal buckets, on the contrary, contributes to the rapid heating of the soil in them. In conclusion, as a result, according to the experiment carried out, the account itself suggests itself. As a result of the greater warming of the soil in metal buckets, the growth processes of plants are accelerated and the supply of nutrients to them increases. This leads to early ripening of fruits, as well as to an increase in large-fruited and yield of tomatoes grown in buckets. So, early to grow large tomatoes in buckets very I think! just that this technique will be very attractive for gardeners who have small greenhouses. For those who value their work and want to get an early large tomato harvest at low cost. Grow, be surprised! rejoice and surprise. Good luck! Yuri Petrov Valentinovich (village Vereya, Moscow region) In VEDRAKH, the growing widespread use of tall tomatoes, eggplants, peppers in buckets - containers, boxes, large plastic bottles and flower pots. Despite the hassle of the container method, it also has its advantages. IN SUCH CONDITIONS, plants are warmer to the roots, they can be moved from place to place, injuring the underground part, it is more convenient to use them, to take care of less water and fertilizers. The container system allows the system to start and extend the growing season earlier in spring: plants and at the beginning of summer, while tomatoes are outside, it is cool, peppers or eggplants are kept at the end, and in the summer greenhouse they are transferred from the garden to the house. Containers also help out in the event of a threat of infection development in case of heavy rainfall: to protect the insulation or plants, it is enough to move under the course. And the roof, the plant can always be provided with a brighter and more sunny place, even if the entire plot is occupied by an orchard. However, the "agrotechnics" bucket has limitations. It is suitable only for varieties and hybrids with a weakly compact root and leafy system, for example, for babies kiss Geranium and other balcony tomatoes. Plants in containers need to be watered more often, since there is no root contact with the soil. Moreover, evenly, to the depth of the entire earthen coma and at the same time not flooding, the plants will otherwise die from lack of oxygen. If containers are used with dark green, dark brown and black color, then control of both the moisture content of the substrate and its temperature is required. So that the roots do not overheat in the bright or the sun in the heat, the containers are shaded, wrapped better (light white) material or doused with cold water. Seedlings with container technology are usually prepared in peat, plastic pots or cups made from milk bags - "tetrapaks". If there is no desire to carry out a pick, you can proceed Preliminarily. so having made holes in the bottom for drainage water, cut it off so that the box turns out with sides about 1 cm high.Then align the top of the bag and insert the cut bottom into it (to a depth of 5 cm). Then fill the container prepared with soil and sow the seeds. As the seedlings grow, the bottom is lowered down and ground is poured onto the fertile stem. This method is also suitable for plastic bottles. I usually start sowing late-ripening tomatoes at the end of February. On this day, the time is short, and you can't do without backlighting. seedlings Elongated otherwise. I use fluorescent phytolamps by hanging them FLUORA over the plants. To improve the natural illumination of plants, I put white rings on the soil surface in reflective cups. It is not for nothing that greenhouses in the Dutch line the floor with white material with a film or. I made the rings from various materials, but I didn't stop with expanded polystyrene (troughs for semi-finished products, used in the future). In supermarkets, it turned out that it is more convenient to water and control humidity under a reflector made of half rings (by cutting the rings in half). If the light from the lamp falls, you can apply foil from above. On the windowsill, it is better to install white screens parallel to the glass, reflecting light in different directions, that is, scattering Since. its not always the weather allows gardeners to plant the plants in a timely manner in a permanent place, the seedlings are not enough for it when the light is not enough or the room is too dry and hot, often stretched out. You have to use different techniques to delay the pulling out of seedlings For example. tomatoes, gardeners in Germany stroke the top and young leaves with a brush on the stem. Since the plant receives microtrauma (hairs are damaged) and experiences stress, its growth is inhibited. When tomatoes are planted in the garden, they quickly begin to develop and grow. When PLACING tomatoes in containers on or in a greenhouse, I take into account the "transparency" of the bushes. narrow leaves from the cultivar and a small number of them are better when planting or arranging rows in an east-west direction, they shade their northern neighbors less than densely leafy tomatoes. Therefore, when testing new products, I note dense leafy and transparent "varieties". Among the most "transparent" are Auriga tall, Honey Spas, medium-sized Malachite undersized, Kobzar's box (by the way, the store doesn't need it). In pinning building materials at an affordable price (55 rubles per 2 sq. M), I saw the ceiling slabs made of expanded polystyrene. I laid them in a greenhouse with plants between in the garden. Now the light came on the leaves from below. In addition, the plates protected overheating from the soil, reduced evaporation from its surface, and the air remained dry. The bushes with tomatoes lay on these and did not touch the screens of moist soil (I lower the tomatoes before they hit the cover So). greenhouses, as when laying whole irrigation plates, water from a watering can penetrated into the soil at the edges along only sheets (with drip irrigation, this problem does not arise, since the hoses are under screens), I cut the polystyrene coating into pieces and made holes in each center using a cut can ... The pieces are spread out in such a way that the holes are in the middle between the plants and about the stems. Three years of testing the container method showed that in a hot summer, tall containers in tomatoes give a lower yield than in a regular garden bed, but under normal, moderately rainy weather, they ripen two weeks earlier. And we recently learned about another way to curb green mass growth. When fruits begin to form on the main flower brushes, in the very bottom of the stem (near the ground) you need to make a through insert and cut a match without a head into it or! thin slivers. We did this last year, and we liked the result, the fruits continued to grow and ripen, and new lateral shoots did not appear anymore .. We also heard about the ringing that gardeners carry out in order to accelerate the ripening of fruits: at the bottom, the stem is pulled with a wire (so that the skin itself, but the stem is pressed in, in no case was this). In a damaged case, the plant also begins to give all its strength to the fruits, as a result of which they ripen faster. This year we want to try this method as well. Step-by-step cultivation of strawberries in bags 1. Use double layer bags for growing. If there are none, then you can put a dense large package in an ordinary one. 2. Now you need to prepare the ground. It is better not to take it from the garden, because there may be harmful microorganisms. It is desirable that the substrate consisted of turf, humus, peat and sawdust in equal proportions. But before that, process the last two components. This process is described below. 3. Add 2 tablespoons of urea to 3 liters of water. Pour 10 kg of sawdust with the resulting solution. After 2 hours, add a glass of chalk, wood ash and sand. 4. Also add a glass of wood ash to one bucket of peat and stir it. Prepare the following solution: add a glass of mullein and 0.5 teaspoon of copper sulfate to 3 liters of water. Saturate the mixture with the same solution. 5. Mix peat, turf, humus and sawdust in equal proportions. Then add 2 tablespoons of urea, 100 g of superphosphate and 2 cups of wood ash to each bucket. 6. When filling the bags, do not tamp the soil as this will make it easier for the strawberry roots to breathe. 7. Now you can place the bags. As already mentioned, they can be placed on the floor or hung. Now you need to stick the irrigation hoses into them from above, and make slots at the bottom to drain the remaining water. 8. It is advisable to make holes for seedlings at a distance of 20 cm, and the length of the cut should be 6 cm. Now you can plant strawberry seedlings. The most important thing when caring for a "vertical" flower bed is watering. Every day, 10 liters of water should go to one bag. Plastic bags with seedlings should be staggered. In a row, they should be 25 cm apart. It is desirable that the width between the rows is 1 m. Thus, the illumination of the bags will be uniform. This is a very efficient way to grow strawberries. So you will not only prevent rotting of the fruit, but you will also be able to grow it all year round. Small Business Idea: Growing Strawberries in Bags Ecology of cognition. Business: In this article, we will look at the most efficient and economical method of growing strawberries - in bags. We want to remind you that we have already written a business plan "Growing strawberries", where they gave another technology, which has become a classic. Initial investment: RUB 300 Profit per year: RUB 840 Growing berries is a promising and profitable business. The level of income in this kind of entrepreneurial activity is determined by the type of berries grown (strawberries, blackberries, etc.) and the method of cultivation. In this article, we will look at the most efficient and economical method of growing strawberries - in bags. We want to remind you that we have already written a business plan "Growing strawberries", where they gave another technology, which has become a classic. Many people set themselves the goal of starting their own business and receiving a stable and solid income from it. Often, innovative business ideas come with a high initial investment that does not pay off over several years. In our case, things are quite different. Strawberries grown in bags throughout the year allows you to receive, as practice has shown, a fairly solid profit, even in spite of the seasonality, which is more than justified by demand. Estimated cost of 1 kg of strawberries, taking into account the season of the year: January-December - 400 April - 250 season - at least 150 rubles. Features of the technology. To achieve success in any business is possible only if the required conditions are created and maintained. The cultivation of strawberries in bags is no exception. In this business, one cannot do without a room that must be warm enough to let in sunlight well. Naturally, in the room it is necessary to create all the microclimate parameters necessary for the normal growth of strawberries: temperature, lighting. The temperature value should not fall below 20 degrees. Of course, the premises must be non-residential. So, you can grow strawberries in bags in a utility room, a utility room, a garage is suitable. Taking into account the method of cultivation, bags will be required. Preference should be given to white plastic bags, as they provide the best possible light conditions. Film dimensions: thickness - no more than 0.2 mm; diameter - 16 cm; length - 210 cm. A mixture of perlite and peat is required as a substrate. After the substrate is poured into the bag, one side of it is sealed. If you do not want to waste time and energy on making bags with your own hands, then they can be purchased in a store that specializes in selling goods for a vegetable garden. However, you should understand that the ruble saves every penny and it is much cheaper to make them with your own hands. Advice: do not buy (do not make) bags with a large diameter, as in this case the use of the floor space will be irrational. However, such bags do not affect the yield in any way. Planting strawberries. Planting strawberries will be preceded by a preparatory stage. Make sure that 4 vertical rows are made along each bag, cuts are dug (each 80 mm, the location of the cuts is staggered, and the distance between them is 23 to 25 cm). Place of installation of polyethylene bags - directly on the ground (floor). In order to save space, to get more berries per unit area, bags should be placed in 2-3 tiers (a larger number of tiers is allowed if the height of the room allows and there is access to the upper bags). Naturally, it is impossible to form tiers without appropriate supports (they must be reliable and strong enough, since the weight of each bag is about 30 kg, and even more after watering). When growing strawberries in this way, there are a number of restrictions, for example, the maximum number of bags per 1 square meter. - 3. This limitation is effective for each tier. The strawberries will have to be watered regularly, and for this purpose it is necessary to think over the irrigation system, the main canals and bring them to the bags. You should understand that, like other plants, strawberries lag behind in growth with an insufficient amount of moisture and, accordingly, give a small yield. Prolonged lack of moisture will cause the death of the planting material. The required irrigation system is quite simple, so, if desired, it can be made by hand. For watering strawberries with this method of cultivation, a drip irrigation system is perfect. The optimal number of sources (tubes) of irrigation is 3: 1 - for the top, 2 - for the bottom, 3 - for the middle. It is more practical to mount the plumbing over the bags. When watering, be guided by the fact that 1 bag should have at least 2 liters of water per day. Like any undertaking, growing strawberries in bags has its own tricks and nuances. Take, for example, preservation of seedlings, which extends their shelf life to 7-10 months. Plants from canned planting material are distinguished by a stable yield, high taste qualities of berries, while the preservation of the genetics of the variety increases. Be prepared for the fact that you will have to spend at least $ 3 per square when you leave berries in an amount from 16 to 48 kg. We draw your attention to the fact that the main profit in business is possible during transition periods (autumn, spring) and in summer. Partial automation of irrigation and heating processes will significantly facilitate work in such a business. Profitability of bagged strawberry cultivation. The calculation of net profit is complex, and the figures obtained from its results are relative. This is due to the specifics of the business: seasonality and unstable price of berries. A profit close to reality can always be calculated, which we will do below. Initial data. Greenhouse area - 100 sq. or width - 10 m, length - 10 m. With this approach to strawberry cultivation, the yield of berries from 1 hectare is 0.8 tons (for comparison: in Israel, with greenhouse cultivation of strawberries, the output of berries from 1 hectare reaches 90 tons). 5 harvests are usually obtained per year. The price of 1 kg of berries ranges from 150 to 400 rubles. Let's average its value and get 270 rubles per 1 kg. Estimated profit calculation. First of all, we calculate the number of berries per year: 0.8 t * 5 fees = 4 tons. Next, we multiply the result by the cost of 1 kg of berries and get the cargo profit for the year: 4000 * 270 = 1,080,000 rubles. Now let's calculate the same indicator, but for a month: 1,080,000 / 12 = 90,000 rubles. The next step is to calculate the net profit. And here we will encounter some difficulties that are associated with different costs, which are determined by the season of the year. For example, in winter, the main costs are associated with heating the greenhouse. In the summer, this kind of cost is excluded. As practice has shown, in winter the cost of 1 kg of berries is 50-70 rubles. In the end, we will need to calculate the annual cost of 1 kg of berries. To do this, we must multiply the number of berries obtained per year by the highest profitability price: then: 4000 * 60 = 240,000 rubles. Let's calculate the net profit: 1080 thousand rubles. - 240 thousand rubles = 840 thousand rubles. The same indicator, but for the month: 840 thousand / 12 = 70 thousand rubles. Let's calculate the costs. One bag contains about 20 bushes of strawberry seedlings, the cost of one seedling is about 25 rubles. For 100 sq.m. will fit 300 bags, a total of 6,000 seedlings will be needed, with a total cost of 150 thousand rubles. Also, about 50 thousand rubles will be needed for the equipment of the greenhouse, as well as other expenses in the amount of 50 thousand rubles, in total we will need about 300 thousand rubles. Thus, your investment will pay off after two harvests are realized. Let us recall that these calculations are rather arbitrary. Real numbers can be obtained in practice. In order to eliminate the risk of losing large funds as a result of business "burnout", you should try your hand at a small greenhouse, which, with the proper approach to business, will bring several hundred dollars. A small greenhouse should also be limited to beginners in the greenhouse business. What helps a business is pride in your product. You should be proud of your product, as strawberries have medicinal properties in some cases. We must not forget about the taste of this berry. Strawberries are an effective remedy for eczema. Berries lower blood sugar levels. Gastrointestinal stone disease is treated with strawberry juice: in the morning it is enough to drink 1/4 cup. The berry helps to remove excess moisture from the body, has a diuretic effect. Strawberries are very useful for those people who have liver disease, kidney disease, cardiovascular ailments. Strawberry also exhibits healing properties in relation to other diseases. As in other types of business, you can meet some difficulties, problems, obstacles. For example, sometimes difficulties arise with the implementation of the entire crop. What is the way out of this situation? You can make preserves from the leftovers, jam, which can be sold later or consumed by you, your loved ones, relatives. This approach to solving the problem will also allow you to expand the range of your products. Note that the jam from these berries has a detrimental effect on microbes, causative agents of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, influenza. Thus, you will sell not only a berry, but also a cure for many diseases, a cure without chemistry. published by econet.ru Did you like the article? Write your opinion in the comments. Subscribe to our FB: Technology and step-by-step instructions for growing bagged strawberries Strawberries are popular all year round. But on the way to strawberry paradise, there are obstacles: the seasonality of the berries, the lack of space in the summer cottage. The new way to grow bagged strawberries saves space, increases the number of crops and also opens up the possibility of additional income. There will always be buyers for fresh, environmentally friendly goods. You just need to familiarize yourself with the landing technique and the rules of care. Features of the method The original garden requires a separate room, a soil substrate and a strawberry variety that is suitable for growing all year round. What the gardener gets as a result: • fresh strawberries at any time of the year • compact vegetable garden without weeds and pests • additional income. Growing Difficulties: • limited selection of varieties • material costs • laborious care. Growing strawberries for sale requires a large room and equipment to maintain a favorable microclimate. Selection of varieties Planting material is ordered in nurseries and propagated in a vegetative way. But the usual variety that grows in the country in the ground is also suitable. It is necessary to choose the strong first mustache of the mother bush with developed roots. For commercial cultivation, varieties with the following qualities should be chosen: • unpretentious care • long fruiting • high productivity. The following varieties meet the selection criteria: 1. Marshal - produces sweet berries, drought tolerant, grows quickly. 2. Albion, Honey - are distinguished by cold resistance, high disease resistance. 3. Geneva is a prolific variety, one bush yields up to 3 kilograms of berries. 4. Gigantella is a large-fruited species that bears fruit well with abundant watering. For planting in a confined space, small bushes are suitable that will not shade each other. Varieties with different ripening periods will ensure continuous strawberry production. To harvest in winter and summer, self-pollinating varieties need to be planted. Otherwise, you will have to pollinate the flowers by hand. Preparatory work First you need to decide on the purpose of growing. If the strawberries go for personal needs, 2-4 bags are enough, which will fit in the apartment. Places for a strawberry plantation: In the greenhouse, compact beds are placed and hung on hooks and trellises. It is necessary to maintain a distance between them so that the light falls evenly. For bags on the ground, you need shelter. Non-residential premises are suitable for growing strawberries: a garage, a barn. The main requirements for the site are air circulation, correct temperature and lighting. A large room should be equipped with a heating system, ventilation. On the street, bags are laid out in sunny areas. For the winter, they need to be removed to the cellar. The material should be dense. Reinforced or greenhouse film will do. The bags are easy to sew by yourself: • cut two pieces of 200x30 centimeters • solder or sew on the edges. Seams and material should not let the soil pass through. For planting strawberries, ready-made bags of flour, compound feed are suitable. Preparation of soil and planting material Slightly acidic or neutral soil is preferred for strawberries. The substrate is prepared from peat and perlite, which are mixed in equal proportions. The second version of the soil mixture consists of turf, sand, sawdust and humus. Self-collected soil must be calcined. The heat will kill the insects. Buying ready-made soil will save effort and preparation time. Choose a soil that retains moisture and air well. Before filling the soil substrate, the bottom of the bag must be laid with drainage from gravel, crushed bricks, pebbles. Placement methods Place the strawberry bags vertically or horizontally. The choice depends on the area of the room. Vertical fit Convenience of vertical placement - in saving space. The beds can be placed on the floor, hung in a checkerboard pattern. One bag fits 7-8 bushes. If they are small, more will fit. There will be enough room for the roots. Horizontal landing The bags are laid out on the floor or racks are mounted under them in several levels. Strawberries grow as they would in normal soil. The advantage of the horizontal cultivation method is that the soil does not need to be covered with mulch. The role of the coating is played by polyethylene, and the fruits do not get dirty. The process of planting strawberries in bags: step by step The technology for growing strawberries in bags is similar to conventional gardening. 1. Soak bushes with an open root system in water one hour before planting so that the roots do not dry out. 2. Pour the soil into the bag. 3. Tie with twine. 4. Place it vertically or lay it horizontally. 5. Cut holes in the walls of the bags crosswise or 9 centimeters long, 25 centimeters apart between them. 6. Make holes in the ground through the slots to the size of the roots. 7. Put the socket in the hole, straighten the roots, cover with soil. 8. Tamp the earth. 9. Water the seedlings. A vertical bag, installed on the floor, can not be tied, but put on top a couple of more sockets. When planting strawberry bushes outdoors, the growing point should be at ground level. This rule also works when planting in a bag. Otherwise, the roots on the surface will dry out, and a too deep bush will rot. To grow large fruits, you need to place the bags at a distance from each other. Vertical beds are placed every 25 centimeters in a row. 80 centimeters recede between the rows. In a greenhouse, 3 bags of seedlings are placed per 1 square meter. Tips for the care of bagged strawberries Watering, feeding and breeding are carried out as usual. For indoor growing all year round, the temperature and humidity must be kept constant. Outdoor mobile beds need to be moved for the winter to a shelter or wrapped. The optimum temperature for flowering and fruiting strawberries is 20-22 degrees. If the thermometer in the room drops below, it is necessary to install heaters. At higher temperatures, the roots of the plants are attacked. The air should be 90% humid. Airing will prevent the growth of fungus. Large greenhouses should be equipped with automatic microclimate control systems, steam generators, hoods. Strawberries need 8-14 hours of sunlight a day. If the room has several windows or a panoramic roof is arranged in the attic, daylight is sufficient. But since there are few clear days in winter, additional lighting with fluorescent lamps or ultraviolet lamps is needed. The vertical bags need to be rotated so that the light falls evenly. Watering and feeding The ground should not be dry. Roots rot from excess moisture. To distribute moisture evenly, drip irrigation should be installed when placing bags vertically. Above the bag, hang plastic bottles with the neck down. Tubes of different lengths are attached to them, which are lowered into bags. Moisture-conducting channels are placed every 50 centimeters in depth. A bag with a volume of 30 liters consumes 2 liters of water per day. The horizontal beds are watered as usual. If the seedlings are outdoors, watering occurs naturally when it rains. But in a heavy downpour, the bags should be covered with polyethylene or placed under a canopy. Excess moisture threatens plants with rot. Fertilizer is used in two types: • liquid potassium dressing • chicken manure solution. Nutrients are applied once a week after the fruits are ripe. The solutions are added to the water and the fertilizer is evenly distributed among the plants when watering. After harvesting the fruits, you need to remove the dry leaves. The bush is pruned, leaving 10 centimeters from the ground. After pruning, the plant will sprout more new shoots and get enough light. The mustache appears after flowering. Their active growth begins after the appearance of fruits. The stolon shoots should be cut with scissors so as not to damage the bush. Old bushes are removed after 2 seasons of fruiting, and young rosettes are planted in fresh soil. The used soil is poured into the garden. Protection against diseases and pests Indoor strawberries are rarely attacked by parasites. Insects can appear from garden soil if it is insufficiently heat treated. If the bags are outside, slugs and snails can crawl onto the strawberries. To prevent the appearance of a strawberry mite, the seedlings are warmed up before planting in hot water at a temperature of 48 degrees for 15 minutes. You can get rid of pests with a 1% solution of colloidal sulfur and Bordeaux liquid, which are mixed in equal proportions. Growing strawberries in bags allows you to harvest large crops from a small area. Under favorable conditions for growth, fragrant berries will decorate the table all year round. Business profitability analysis It is difficult to show exact numbers. Since the development of any agricultural business depends on many factors (climate in the region, weather conditions in a particular month, quality of planting material, etc.). Let's calculate the approximate profit from the business idea: 1. From 1 sq. m are harvested from 16 kg of berries. 2. If you grow garden strawberries in a 10 x 10 m room, you can harvest 1600 kg. 3. Year-round care gives up to 5 harvests in 12 months. That is, 8000 kg of fruit. 4. The price depends on the season. In January-December - $ 4. In April - $ 2. And in the strawberry season - from $ 1.5. On average - $ 2.5 per 1 kg. 5. For the entire harvest, the entrepreneur will help out about $ 20,000. 6. Let's take into account the costs of maintaining and maintaining the greenhouse. The cost price of 1 kg is $ 0.75. 8000 kg * 0.75 $ = 6000 $. 7. Let's calculate the net profit. (20,000 - 6,000) / 12 = $ 1167 / month The calculation is approximate with the minimum yield indicators. Each entrepreneur will have his own specific figures. To test the profitability of the strawberry business, you can start small. Watch the video: Grow strawberries like the pros Easy Previous Article 2021, New Year, egg heads - Satire cartoons Next Article Citrus plant care - watering and feeding, lighting and air
Seven Advise That You Need To Listen Closely Just Before Studying Online Video Games Oct 26 2020 Video activities, along with various other forms of electronic enjoyment, are actually not just exciting and benign. They have actually entered into modern community, with some studies presenting that much more than 50 per-cent of people participate in at least one computer game on a regular basis. Numerous people think about playing video recording activities “child’s play,” they can in fact be actually a addicting as well as very powerful kind of home entertainment. Although computer game have increased in attraction given that their beginnings as simple game video games, there has actually been a quick development in the technology responsible for these games, along with the gaming consoles that permit gamers to communicate with their activities in a wide array of means. Today, numerous computer game are actually involved and call for individuals to move their physical bodies around and adjust their bodies as they move with the activity environment. One find out here now popular type of computer game that calls for bodily activity is a computer game contacted sporting activities. A sports activity is actually any sort of kind of video game through which players utilize their own body systems as well as actions along with bodily actions (such as managing, jumping, as well as turning a bat) to control as well as control the video game setting. Other kinds of activities that require physical movement feature initial person shootings, racing, problem activities, phrase games, and others. The type of activity a person participates in can easily identify the kind of bodily action they make during the course of their gameplay, yet many games possess the exact same basic controls and behaviors: players will be demanded to move via the video game atmosphere utilizing different actions including capturing, moving, and also executing several jobs. Bodily movement can easily in some cases be actually complicated to find out, video clip activities today are actually much even more hard than games in the past times. Modern games possess lots of involved functions that call for the gamer to socialize along with the computer game atmosphere, consisting of the ability to utilize items and also connect along with the environment. These interactive attributes enable even more involved gameplay that may be testing to much older players. When playing an online video activity, more mature grownups should be aware of an amount of elements when deciding on an online video game. Video activities can be extremely intricate activities, demanding several different ability degrees to prosper at all of them. Older grownups that participate in a lot of online video games may end up being upset or uninterested along with their personal lack of skill degree, and also may begin to try to find activities that are much easier or that demand much less attempt. This may cause a loss of rate of interest in the video recording game itself and also, which can lead to peccadillos or perhaps dependency. A lot of much older grownups can easily cultivate poor eye-hand coordination, difficulty reading instructions, as well as unsatisfactory memory. Therefore, much older adults that participate in a lot of computer game might find on their own playing all of them much less. However, much older adults can gain from playing video games to improve their intellectual skills as effectively as their mental stimulation, and also these games may provide all of them a possibility to find out brand new skill-sets, including hand-eye balance, problem-solving, issue solving, and problem-solving, one of others. Older adults can additionally take pleasure in workout while playing online video games that enhance their physical health as well as supply a genuine outlet for their creativity. Older grownups that participate in a lot of computer game must know that it is actually certainly not constantly an excellent tip to play these forms of games when they are actually older given that some of the much younger activities possess an amount of mature-themed themes. A lot of computer game possess solid, mature motifs and also are better suited for gamers that are actually approaching mid grow older or beyond. Much older grownups additionally need to keep in mind that some video games supply their gamers a digital reality while others are actually online, which may provide a possibility for more mature adults to enter issue considering that they possess no management over exactly how the computer game is actually being actually participated in. Participating in these activities, especially activities along with a real-world sense, may additionally supply a reason for older adults to spend even more opportunity on mingling or even speaking to others as well as having a blast, each of which may assist all of them to create excellent relationships. Video activities are actually fantastic fun and may provide a great outlet for an individual’s creativity. Video recording activities, like other types of amusement, require a certain amount of human brain activity in purchase for them to be actually taken pleasure in and also, if played without moderation, may lead to a lot more concerns than perks. When it involves computer game, there are virtually 1000s of titles on the marketplace. In reality, the globe of computer game is one that has been actually increasing in attraction for over twenty years, as well as this style remains to increase along with each passing year. While lots of people play computer game for the thrill of possessing some really good fun, there are actually also many folks who utilize the video recording games as a kind of leisure. A computer game is actually basically a digital computer game made to develop aesthetic responses to a player, either with an operator or even some sort of input tool, to produce all of them experience like they are in fact conforming. For instance, if you consider any type of Wii video game, you will see that the gamer is actually playing along with three-dimensional things or even characters. A game could be as complicated or even as easy as an activity may be. There are additionally computer games for younger youngsters, which can simulate the activity of participating in reality games while concurrently educating the kids the basic principles of natural sciences. A number of the additional well-liked computer game include sporting activities video games, to begin with person shootings, journey video games, card video games, challenge video games, dashing video games, computer activities, and game games. There are actually additionally several prominent online video games for ladies that are based upon their preferred animation characters or movies, and typically incorporate several of the very same auto mechanics or even action that they will find in a game like Super Mario Brothers. You will definitely want to look at the style of video game you desire to participate in when you are actually deciding on a video game. For example, you are going to perhaps locate that there is actually a huge difference between shooting activities as well as dashing video games. Most of the classic activities have actually developed right into modern activities that can easily deliver numerous hours of fun. There are additionally a multitude of very first person shooting video games that are actually quite preferred. Leave a Reply
Future Development Xianyang’s municipal government has the following objectives: • Promote urbanization and industrialization in the context of the socialist market economy. • Develop and improve the city’s functions. • Create a modern city. • Transform the pattern of infrastructure construction. • Provide the proper environment for economic development. The Challenge of Rapid Urbanization The level of urbanization and per capita GNP are closely interrelated. Urbanization brings together people and productive forces, and organizes them in a way that makes intensive development possible. Advanced scientific and management techniques increase labor productivity, creating greater economic value than nonurbanized areas. Xianyang used to follow a policy of “industrialization without urbanization.” Although its industrialization rate was 47 percent, its urbanization rate was only about 28 percent—a condition that hindered the healthy development of both urbanization and industrialization. Xianyang’s level of urbanization will reach 30 percent by the end of 2000. Then it will enter a stage of rapid development, during which the municipal authorities must welcome new ideas, dispel their misgivings about urbanization, overcome various manmade obstacles, formulate preferential policies, and promote the development of the central and smaller cities. At the same time, while they must not pursue urbanization indiscriminately, they must be prepared for its inevitability. Conservation, Renovation, and Innovation The city is a subsystem of the ecological system, like an embryo in the womb. The bigger it grows, the more it takes from the ecosphere. The ecosphere must provide the city with sufficient nutrition and absorb the city’s waste. Xianyang’s sustainable development depends on rational development; the efficient use of resources such as land, underground water, rivers, and so on; and the reduction and recycling of waste. The city also needs more parks and gardens in order to sustain ecological balance. It must regulate construction and stop destructive development. The city plan for flood control provides for the establishment of a manmade ecological system along the Wei and Feng rivers. It is necessary to renovate the areas around the rivers, reinforce the dykes, dredge the waterways, and clear away the silt. Highly polluting factories and projects with high energy needs should be kept out of the planned areas. In order to protect important cultural relics and historic sites, building height, scale, distance, and style should be strictly regulated in conservation areas. source: www.adb.org
Classical Chinese Dance Lotus Dance Tang Dynasty Dance Shaolin Monk Dance Hand Drum Dance Korean Folk Dance Samurai Dance Geisha Dance South East Asia Singapore Dragon Cambodian Dance Philippine Folk Dance Tinikling Dance Thailand Folk Dance Asian Dance Asian Dance Hava Nagila Israel Folk Dance Naga Dance Harinie Dance Bollywood Dance More Asian Dance Pakistan Mehndi Dance Pakistan Folk Dance Iraq Dance Vietnam Folk Dance Tang Dynasty Dance Tang Dynasty Dance - China This is called the Tang Dynasty Dance in Xian. The dance is said to have originated in China's Tang Dynasty over 1,000 years ago. China has one of the most ancient histories and cultures in the world. There are many different regions in China and there were many different dynasties. The first dynasties dated back before 2070 BC! There have been many different dynasties since then, and each one has had its effect on the people, traditions and celebrations. The Tang Dynastic ruled China from 628 AD - 907 AD. Notice the long flowing sleeves on the costumes. It was meant to make the arms look longer and more graceful. We couldn't imagine eating spaghetti with those sleeves though!
15 small stories with wisdom 　　Squirrels are particularly fond of pine nuts. When they can't finish eating, they dig a hole in the ground and bury the pine nuts so that they can eat later. It was buried here one, there was one, and in a few days it was nearly a hundred. Who knows, it has been buried for a long time, and many of the places where pine nuts were buried have been forgotten by squirrels and can no longer be found. But these pine nuts sprout and grow under the moisture of rain, and grow into a tall pine tree. 　　The squirrel was originally greedy for pine nuts, but unexpectedly a pine tree was inadvertently created. 　　It turns out that everything in the world does not exist independently, sometimes for others, that is, for themselves, and for others. 　　The world's largest animal, baleen whale, is more than 30 meters long and weighs nearly 200 tons. But their main food is the world ’s smallest animal, krill. "Can this fill my stomach?" I asked my daughter. The daughter said, "The grains of rice we eat every day are also very small. How do you fill your belly?" I was speechless. 　　After looking at the information , I learned that some of the most powerful animals in the world often depend on some of the smallest animals to survive, such as a blue whale eating 4 million krill a day. 　　I suddenly understood: one small is small, but is 100 million small still small? 　　In the winter, seals often dig a hole in the ice in order to expose the water for ventilation. The white bear discovered this secret, and in order to catch the seal, he quietly waited at the entrance of the cave, catching one. Later, the seals dug a lot of holes in the ice to prevent white bears. In this way, the true or false, false or true, the white bear can't figure out which hole the seal will come out from, and it can't be guarded at the same time, sometimes there is no gain after waiting a day. 　　The things in the world are weird. One is true and easy to find. There are more fakes, but it is difficult to find the true. 　　Mouse eggs and whale eggs are almost the same size, weighing about 1 milligram, barely visible to the naked eye, and the offspring born from their egg cells are almost ten thousand miles apart. Whale fertilized eggs can soar to 30 billion times within two years, grow to more than 30 tons in weight, grow up to nearly 200 tons in weight, and exceed 30 meters in length, and no matter how long the offspring of mice are still so small . 　　The starting point is the same, but the ending point is vastly different, not only in the animal world. 　　Flies often come and go in dirty places such as manure pits and garbage dumps, but they are not sick. The secret is that the flies are extremely efficient: from feeding and processing to absorbing nutrients to discharging waste, it only takes 7 to 11 Seconds. As soon as the germs entered the body of the fly, before they could reproduce in large numbers, they were quickly excreted from the body. 　　Do not allow germs to breathe, and drain them as soon as they enter; do not allow corruption to breed, and destroy it as soon as you show up. Flies may give us some inspiration. 　　A wasp's wings are short, only 1 cm long, about half the length of its body. Theoretically, such wings cannot carry a body twice as large as it. But the Hornets didn't know this cruel reality. In order to survive, it still vibrated its wings and flew up, miraculously flying up. 　　If it knew, it might not be able to fly. 　　If the lead sheep strays into the river by mistake, other sheep will jump into the water one by one without asking the cause; if the lead sheep accidentally falls into the cliff, the other sheep will jump down one by one; even if they arrive In the slaughterhouse, as long as the leading sheep lie under the butcher knife, other sheep will lie obediently one by one ... 　　The sheep are meek and kind, but what a blind obedience! 　　The bee sting weapon is a needle needling at the tail, which injects the venom into the body through the venom gland. However, because acupuncture and poisonous glands are closely connected to a part of the internal organs, once the bees are pulled out, the internal organs will be pulled out together, so that the bees will not survive. 　　If the acupuncture is only attached to the poison glands, the bee can sting without limit. Nature's arrangement in this way is truly ingenious: when you hold someone else, you hold yourself back. 　　The peacock not only opens the screen when courting in the spring, but also opens the feather screen when encountering an enemy or being frightened. At this time, its body suddenly expanded many times. The more than 100 gorgeous "spotted eyes" displayed on its tail feathers made it a multi-eyed monster, and the enemy would be immediately confused by those "spotted eyes". , And dare not act lightly. 　　The same thing is beautiful in the eyes of friends but deterrence in the eyes of the enemy. 　　The eagle only enjoys his hard-earned spoils. Even if he starves to death, he will never throw himself at other animals to eat the remaining carrion and stink meat. The vulture, on the other hand, eats the remaining bones and carrion of other animals. The smelly meat is not disgusting, not even the bones. 　　Great and small, you don't have to look at the big parts, it's all in the details. 　　In order to conceal themselves, the dead leaf butterfly never dares to wear beautiful clothes and only wear a "dead leaf" outfit. Who knows, it will even make people more curious and catching; once the octopus encounters hostility, it will hurriedly release ink-like smoke screen bombs. In order to find octopuses, some animals use this as the best target to catch octopuses ... 　　Fear of exposure requires camouflage, but sometimes camouflage is easier to expose. 　　Chickens originally belonged to birds, and their ancestors were originally able to fly. Later, the chickens were introduced into their homes, so that they would not worry about eating and drinking, and no longer had to fly around for food, their wings gradually deteriorated, and their bodies became more and more fat, resulting in a pair of empty wings. 　　I don't want to fly, the wings can only become a decoration. 　　The giraffe has a height of 6 meters, and its head can get 3 floors. The animal world gave it the honor of "the champion of height". But tall people also bring a lot of trouble to it: drinking water is very inconvenient, lowering your head is not enough to drink water, often kneeling to drink; do not dare to lie down when sleeping, because lying down, if the enemy suddenly comes, it There was no time to stand up, so I had to stand and sleep. 　　Honor may not always bring happiness, and sometimes there are many unspeakable distresses. 　　The reason why the rabbit runs fast is that it is too weak, it is almost impossible to defeat any opponent stronger than it, so it can only use speed to protect itself. If rabbits lose speed, will there be rabbits in the world? 　　I'm not afraid of your weakness, you're afraid that you can do nothing, that is the fatal weakness. 　　Rhinos are often bitten by mosquitoes, so they roll in mud ponds to put on a coat of mud. The mosquito and bite can no longer bite, but the sludge on the rhino will breed some parasites and bite the rhinoceros. However, these nasty sludge will breed new parasites. Rhinos have to go to the mud pond to roll again and again. Rhinos often cover a layer of mud coat of two or three inches. The mud coat will fall off as soon as it dries, it has to start rolling in the mud pond again ... 　　Some of us, doing certain things, are we a little bit like rhinos?
In marine life For more than four hundred million years, Sharks have swum the oceans. They are an apex predator, which means that they dominate the ocean’s food chain. Since they are considered scavengers, they basically will adapt themselves and their dietary preferences based on what is available to eat in the ocean. When one food becomes scarce, they move on to another preference. sharks and divers They are able to detect water vibrations using electrochemical receptors on their snout. This makes it easier for them to hunt. Using their olfactory senses, they can easily select their prey. Their role in the water is to balance the ecosystem. They do so by managing the population of the various species and by culling out the sick from the healthy. Shark Behavior Scuba divers who have been diving shark infested waters and studied their behavior compare a shark to a cat. The same way a cat hunts a mouse, a shark will circle and stalk its prey and then use agility and speed to catch it. By understanding how a species adapts biologically, we can be able to predict its behavior. Sharks hunt sea lions, which are very playful and enjoy frolicking and rolling in the water during feeding time. It is this playfulness that draws sharks to them. When scuba divers, surfers and other humans play in the ocean, their movements and splashes may also become inviting cues for sharks. Since they are curious creatures, we can expect that sharks will come to see what is happening. Why do People Fear Them? Even though most people believe that sharks hunt humans, in 2015 the Australian Shark Attack File showed that the number of fatalities and injuries caused by shark attacks were very low as compared to other deaths and injuries caused by activities in the water. Surprisingly, more people are killed by coconuts falling out of trees, than by shark attacks. People fear sharks inordinately because of media reports and societal views. JAWS, the 1975 movie that Hollywood created portrayed Great Whites as being ravenous man-eaters. This is quite contrary to the food chain apex regulator that they really are. Should scuba divers Fear Sharks? In truth, sharks have more to fear from humans than humans from sharks. Since they have very few predators in their natural habitat, humans have hunted them for profit. Here are some human threats to sharks • Shark finning – It is said that soup made from their fins is a natural remedy • Shark meat • Coastal development – shark nurseries have been claimed for development • Pollution • Poorly management fisheries Recommended Posts three Clown fishCoral bleached
Definitions for: Lift [n] the act of giving temporary assistance [n] a ride in a car; "he gave me a lift home" [n] transportation of people or goods by air (especially when other means of access are unavailable) [n] one of the layers forming the heel of a shoe or boot [n] a device worn in a shoe or boot to make the wearer look taller or to correct a shortened leg [n] a powered conveyance that carries skiers up a hill [n] a wave that lifts the surface of the water or ground [n] the event of something being raised upward; "an elevation of the temperature in the afternoon"; "a raising of the land resulting from volcanic activity" [n] the component of the aerodynamic forces acting on an airfoil that opposes gravity [v] perform cosmetic surgery on someone's face [v] remove from a surface, of fingerprints [v] take off or away by decreasing; "lift the pressure" [v] remove from a seedbed or form a nursery, as of bulbs [v] remove by scalping, of hair [v] put an end to, as of a siege or a blockade; "lift a ban"; "raise a siege" [v] rise upward, as from pressure or moisture; "The floor is lifting slowly" [v] raise in rank or condition; "The new law lifted many people from poverty" [v] invigorate or heighten; "lift my spirits"; "lift his ego" [v] call to stop the hunt or to retire, as of hunting dogs [v] annul by recalling or rescinding; "He revoked the ban on smoking"; "lift an embargo"; "vacate a death sentence" [v] make audible; "He lifted a war whoop" [v] fly people or goods to or from places not accessible by other means; "Food is airlifted into Bosnia" [v] take out of the ground, of root crops; "lift potatoes" [v] take hold of something and move it to a different location; "lift the box onto the table" [v] move upwards; "lift one's eyes" [v] raise from a lower to a higher position; "Raise your hands"; "Lift a load" [v] make off with belongings of others [v] take illegally, as of cattle [v] take without referencing from someone else's writing or speech; of intellectual property [v] pay off; as of mortgages [v] rise up; "The building rose before them" Webster (1913) Definition: Lift (l[i^]ft), n. [AS. lyft air. See Loft.] The sky; the atmosphere; the firmament. [Obs. or Scot.] Lift (l[i^]ft), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lifted; p. pr. & vb. n. Lifting.] [Icel. lypta, fr. lopt air; akin to Sw. lyfta to lift, Dan. l["o]fte, G. l["u]ften; -- prop., to raise into the air. See Loft, and cf. 1st Lift.] 1. To move in a direction opposite to that of gravitation; to higher; to upheave; sometimes implying a continued support or holding in the higher place; -- said of material or a burden. 2. To raise, elevate, exalt, improve, in rank, condition, The Roman virtues lift up mortal man. --Addison. Lest, being lifted up with pride. --1 Tim. iii. 3. To bear; to support. [Obs.] --Spenser. 4. To collect, as moneys due; to raise. 5. [Perh. a different word, and akin to Goth. hliftus thief, hlifan to steal, L. clepere, Gr. kle`ptein. Cf. Shoplifter.] To steal; to carry off by theft (esp. cattle); as, to lift a drove of cattle. Note: In old writers, lift is sometimes used for lifted. He ne'er lift up his hand but conquered. --Shak. To lift up, to raise or elevate; in the Scriptures, specifically, to elevate upon the cross. --John viii. 28. To lift up the eyes. To look up; to raise the eyes, as in prayer. --Ps. cxxi. 1. To lift up the feet, to come speedily to one's relief. --Ps. lxxiv. 3. To lift up the hand. (a) To take an oath. --Gen. xiv. 22. (b) To pray. --Ps. xxviii. 2. (c) To engage in duty. --Heb. xii. 12. To lift up the hand against, to rebel against; to assault; to attack; to injure; to oppress. --Job xxxi. 21. To lift up one's head, to cause one to be exalted or to rejoice. --Gen. xl. 13. --Luke xxi. 28. To lift up the heel against, to treat with insolence or unkindness. --John xiii.18. To lift up the voice, to cry aloud; to call out. --Gen. xxi. 16. Lift (l[i^]ft), v. i. 1. To try to raise something; to exert the strength for raising or bearing. Strained by lifting at a weight too heavy. --Locke. 2. To rise; to become or appear raised or elevated; as, the fog lifts; the land lifts to a ship approaching it. 3. [See Lift, v. t., 5.] To live by theft. --Spenser. Lift, n. 1. Act of lifting; also, that which is lifted. 2. The space or distance through which anything is lifted; as, a long lift. --Bacon. 3. Help; assistance, as by lifting; as, to give one a lift in a wagon. [Colloq.] The goat gives the fox a lift. --L'Estrange. 4. That by means of which a person or thing lifts or is lifted; as: (a) A hoisting machine; an elevator; a dumb waiter. (b) A handle. (c) An exercising machine. 5. A rise; a degree of elevation; as, the lift of a lock in 6. A lift gate. See Lift gate, below. [Prov. Eng.] 7. (Naut.) A rope leading from the masthead to the extremity of the yard. 8. (Mach.) One of the steps of a cone pulley. 9. (Shoemaking) A layer of leather in the heel. 10. (Horology) That portion of the vibration of a balance during which the impulse is given. --Saunier. Dead lift. See under Dead. --Swift. Lift bridge, a kind of drawbridge, the movable part of which is lifted, instead of being drawn aside. Lift gate, a gate that is opened by lifting. Lift hammer. See Tilt hammer. Lift lock, a canal lock. Lift pump, a lifting pump. Lift tenter (Windmills), a governor for regulating the speed by adjusting the sails, or for adjusting the action of grinding machinery according to the speed. Lift wall (Canal Lock), the cross wall at the head of the Synonyms: abstract, aerodynamic lift, airlift, airlift, annul, arise, bring up, cabbage, come up, countermand, elevate, elevate, elevation, elevator, face lift, face lifting, facelift, face-lift, filch, get up, go up, heave, hoist, hook, move up, nobble, overturn, pilfer, pinch, plagiarise, plagiarize, purloin, raise, raise, raise, raising, rear, repeal, rescind, reverse, revoke, rhytidectomy, rhytidoplasty, rise, rise, rise, rustle, ski lift, ski tow, snarf, sneak, swipe, uprise, vacate, wind Antonyms: bring down, come down, descend, fall, get down, go down, let down, lower, take down See Also: actuation, aerodynamic force, aid, alter, ameliorate, amend, anaplasty, appear, ascend, ascension, ascent, assist, assistance, Berlin airlift, better, boost, bring up, buckle, building, call, cancel, car, chair lift, chairlift, chandelle, change, chin, chin up, climb, climb up, conveyance, conveyance, cosmetic surgery, crib, device, dig, dig out, dignify, displace, displace, drive, dumbwaiter, edifice, elevate, elevator car, emit, end, erect, exalt, fly, food elevator, fork, freight elevator, gather up, get up, go, go back on, ground effect, heave, heave, heave up, heel, heft, heft up, heighten, help, hike, hike up, hoist, hulk, improve, jack, jack up, kick up, layer, leaven, let loose, let out, levitate, lift, lift, lift up, lifting device, liquidate, locomote, look, loom, meliorate, mount, move, move, moving ridge, operate, operate on, paternoster, pay off, pick up, pinnacle, pitchfork, plastic surgery, predominate, propulsion, prove, pump, raise, rear, remove, renege, renege on, renegue on, ride, rise up, rising, rocket, rope tow, run up, scalp, scend, seem, send for, service elevator, shoulder, skid, skyrocket, soar, soar up, soar upwards, steal, steam, strike down, surface, surface lift, surge, take, take away, terminate, top lift, tower, transfer, transferral, transport, transportation, travel, trice, trice, trice up, trice up, underlay, uplift, utter, warp, wave, wind, withdraw, zoom Try our: Scrabble Word Finder Scrabble Cheat Words With Friends Cheat Hanging With Friends Cheat Scramble With Friends Cheat Ruzzle Cheat Related Resources: animals begin with x animlas that start with r animlas that start with u
High platelet count in sickle cell disease Explained “from real case studies” What is this post talking about? to answer many questions like: Do blood platelets elevate in patients with sickle cell disease? How many platelets in patient of SCD? or To which level the platelets increase of a sickle cell disease person? When to worry about high platelets if you’re a SCD person? Why do PLTs of the SCD patient elevate? is this bad or good? In a patient suffering of Sickle cell disease these results are often arise in the blood test results. • Low hemoglobin “e.g. Hgb 4-7” • Low Red blood cells and hematocrit “e.g. RBCs count# 2.0-3.5”, “HCT, PCV% 10-20”. • High platelets count and become low after platelets count after a few period of time. • Reticulocyte count may be elevated “2.5-15.0%of RBCs”. • Bilirubin test level may be elevated “Jaundice” if the hymolysis of blood occur “e.g. blood bilirubin 2 to 30”. • Iron levels in the blood may be depleted “e.g. free iron less than 5 and ferritin test less than 10 “ • Hemoglobin type-S is present in Hemoglobin Electrophoresis test “e.g. Hgb S >zero”. Explanation of Sickle cell in a glance Sickle cell disease defined as a chronic inflammatory condition that increases the acute phase reactants blood levels and of course activation of more platelets which means abnormally high demand of platelets, thus how the platelets count high in the blood test of patients with sickle cells disease. What happens in your blood if you have sickle cell disease? The fluid that fills red blood cells and carries within it oxygen and nutrients is the “Hemoglobin”, If you have a genetically defect in the manufacturing process of hemoglobin, the red cells become sickle-shaped and not like a disk as the normal, and therefore, the red blood cells that contain this distorted hemoglobin are unable to serve your body well in providing its needs from Oxygen and the necessary nutrients, accordingly, the body suffers from pain crisis, wasting and severe weakness, whether over a long period time or suddenly. The lack of oxygen and food as a result of the rapid death of distorted red blood cells makes their number decrease, thus leaving your body exposed to all kinds of severe pain, swelling, poor vision, and weak or stunted growth. The complications of sickle cell erythrocyte malformation include: When unhealthy red blood cells are distorted, it slows down the blood flow, and if the blood slows down, it can stop anywhere in the body and the cells clump over each others, thus a clot occurs in any organ, followed by ischemic necrosis or atrophy of the organ that the blood stops from enriching it. Actually that is the cause of all accompanying diseases to the sickle cell disease, e.g. acute chest disease, strokes as a result of slowing the flow of blood to the brain thus the blood may stop and clot may occur which may lead to cerebral edema and death occur. The Blindness occurs as a result of poor blood circulation as well, Gallstones, and ulcers in the legs are among the complications that occur as a result of sickled RBCs. What is the role of platelets in sickle cell disease? Platelets are one of the types of blood components that gather and clump to form the clots “thrombosis” which occur as a result of the slow flowing of blood inside the blood vessels, and therefore the body thinks that the platelets are decreasing and consequently tries to produce more platelets and release them into the blood circulation more than the normal to compensate for the deficiency, and therefore a temporary increase in the number of platelets may occur in the test, but after a period of time, the bone marrow cannot produce more platelets which causes decline in platelets count to appear in the platelets blood test. What does high platelets and low hemoglobin mean in sickle cell disease? It is scientifically known that sickle cell disease mainly affects red blood cells and the reason is the manufacture of defective hemoglobin that cannot perform its function in transporting oxygen and nutrients, nor can it even support the red blood cells to become normal in shape, and then the red blood cells break faster than their normal rate of breaking Thus, the number of red blood cells in the blood count test decreases. It is not common for other blood cells to be affected by sickle cell anemia, unless there are major complications such as peripheral or pulmonary clots, etc., then platelets are caught in the clots, and thus the number of platelets in the blood test decreases, low platelets is medically named Thrombocytopenia. Also, when clots occur in peripheral parts of the body, atrophy or ischemia may occur to the next organ that follows the clot location, and thus the white blood cells move of all kinds to deal with the resulting inflammation, that’s why you may show high WBC count in the white blood cell count test. And therefore, doing the full blood count (CBC&deff test) is better to follow-up sickle cell episode than the blood test for platelets count only, because the CBC test measures the count of all blood cells which helps the doctor make the right decision. Are platelets increase or decrease in the sickle cells disease? In fact, at the beginning of blood clots, the number of blood platelets may increase as a result of the increased demand for them at the site of clotting in the body, but when the clots grow and increase with time, the platelets are consumed in abundance, and therefore platelet deficiency appears in the blood count test. Interestingly, many of the Medicines for sickle cell disease can also affect the levels of blood cells in the blood test. If your child has sickle cell disease, testing for full blood cells count in the nearest laboratory can tell the doctors and staff about your child’s disease progression and how to effectively treat it. Why does the SCD patient have low RBCs? Do you know why breath shortage is common in SCD patient? Normal RBC Vs Sickled RBCs as seen under microscope not by auto-counting machines People with sickle cell disease have abnormal type of hemoglobin, called sickle hemoglobin or hemoglobin S, the red blood cells contain that defected hemoglobin which is unable to carry oxygen to other parts of the body leading to hypoxia or shortage of breath. Also SCD hemoglobin is the reason why red blood cells are damaging shortly and appear low RBC count in the blood test. That was the reasons of SCD patients have low hemoglobin or Anemia, and low RBCs count. The Hemoglobin electrophoresis in sickle cell anemia is the best diagnostic test for “Hemoglobin S”, the defected hemoglobin in the sickle-shaped RBCs, thus if the hemoglobin electrophoresis test is positive for “hemoglobin S” it means the person has the sickle cell anemia and must start treatment plan, but if the blood test results of “hemoglobin S” is negative or “zero” it means that the anemia isn’t due to sickled red blood cells. A blood smear examination is one of best tests to know if there’re sickled RBCs or not, a blood smear is made in the laboratory from a small blood sample, then examined under the light microscope, if the RBCs appear like the sickle, the examiner write down how many sickle cells per red cells count and report it as a percentage Do platelets elevate in all kinds of sickle cell crisis? There are three main types of sickle cell crisis, vasoocclusive, aplastic, splenic sequestration, and hyperhemolytic. The vasoocclusive is the commonest sickle cell crisis type which may be occur suddenly (but lasts about 5 days) on a specific location of the body or can be occur in many organs. Also, the causes of four main types of sickle cell anemia are different mutations in the below genes: • Hemoglobin SS disease. • Hemoglobin SC disease. • Hemoglobin SB+ (beta) thalassemia. • Hemoglobin SB 0 (Beta-zero) thalassemia. • Hemoglobin SD, hemoglobin SE, and hemoglobin SO. • Sickle cell trait. Explanation of platelets count in the most common clinical manifestation of SCD, the vaso-occlusive crisis. “Vaso” means in the vessels, occlusive means “obstruction”, therefroe vasoocculative crisis means the blood clots that occur in the smallest blood vessels anywhere in the body because the circulation is being obstructed by the sickled RBC, the next organ will be painful ischemic (i.e. the organ that didn’t get supply of blood because the flow is reduced or restricted), treatment of choice are the sufficient vigorous intravenous hydration fluids and analgesics and Normal saline and 5% dextrose in saline, to correct dehydration and to compensate continuing blood loss, both insensible and due to fever. Normal saline and 5% dextrose in saline may be used. Do platelets high or low during acute chest syndrome? Acute chest syndrome (ACS) is a deadly complication results of sickle cell disease in patients hospitalized with blood clots of the type “vaso-occlusive” crisis. Patients may have high platelet counts during steady state of the ACS, but platelets usually decrease during the acute vaso-occlusive crisis of the ACS. Doctors may aim on the platelets count to predict the development of ACS during admission in the hospital. Low Platelets level during Vaso-occlusive crisis is a predictor of acute chest syndrome during sickle cell disease, because the increased active platelets increase the platelet-derived molecules for cellular adhesion which they’re important markers of inflammation. Acute vaso-occulsive crisis will cause decline in platelets count in the blood test due to sudden blood loss, platelets increase at the beginning or during steady state as the demand of platelets increases at the first of the blood clots. Therefore, the patient with acute sickle cell crisis usually has low platelets count in the blood test results. The aplastic crisis is a condition where the Red blood cell production is stopped leading to low platelets number not a high platelets number. Because the bone marrow is not producing red blood cells. In the Splenic sequestration crisis, the sickled RBCs stay inside the spleen and can’t go out which lead to enlargement of spleen “splenomegaly” and appear as large spleen, therefore the spleen traps more and more blood cells and platelets causing a big decline of platelets count in the CBC test. Because of that the blood platelets appear low not high during the Splenic sequestration crisis. If a child has rapid drop in RBCs count “e.g. RBCs 3.0 while the normal is 5.0-7.0”, the reticulocyte count test is high “e.g. Retics result is 8%, the normal 0.2-2.0”, and hemoglobin Hgb 5.0, normal 11-14, severely low”, they’re clear indicators of hemolytic Anemia especially if the blood smear examination revealed that there’re sickled cells RBCs, Hyperhymolytic crisis is another name for that complication of sickle cell anemia. Hyperhymolytic crisis due to infection, toxins, certain drugs, or blood transfusion will lead to acute loss of blood cells, that’s why the RBC, WBC, Platelets appear low in the CBC test if the Hyperhymolytic crisis occurs. When to worry about high platelets if you’re a person has sickle cell disease? If you or your child has sickle cell disease, his platelets count is probably normal in the steady state, then platelets count might increase “Thrombocytosis” at the beginning of the crisis, but platelets will decrease “Thrombocytopenia” later as the complications progress. therefore the count of platelets in the blood count test can be used as a good indicator of sickle cell disease complications which is of good news to know. Thus you may worry about platelets is they rapidly drop or elevated. Thus, the platelets count in the different types of sickle cell disease is well explained, but if you have lab results that need to be cleared, we can do it for you, the service is still free yet. Leave a Comment Cancel Reply
Home » Automotive Guide » Introduction to the steps of cleaning a car engine Introduction to the steps of cleaning a car engine Posted by: AutoMotive 2021-10-22 Comments Off on Introduction to the steps of cleaning a car engine The engine is the “heart” of the car. If it is used for a long time, problems may occur. In order to play a preventive role and reflect the concept of “repair by maintenance”, timely inspection and maintenance are required. Therefore, this short article focuses on the maintenance of car engines. Give a brief explanation. The maintenance of the engine should be maintained from three aspects: engine fuel system cleaning and maintenance, engine lubrication system cleaning and maintenance, and engine cooling system cleaning and maintenance. Engine fuel system cleaning and maintenance Carbon deposits are generated on the fuel injector, spark head, valve, cylinder top, piston working surface and piston ring groove when the automobile engine is working. Over time, the coke deposits appear as colloidal deposits, which will reduce the volume of the combustion chamber and deteriorate the work efficiency; many uneven hot spots appear during the combustion process, causing the mixture to burn in advance, resulting in a decrease in efficiency and incombustibility. Complete, increased exhaust gas emissions; poor fuel supply and ignition, unstable idling, misfire, and knock; blockage of piston ring grooves, resulting in poor lubrication of the cylinder body, which in turn pollutes the lubrication system, and blocks the oil circuit and oil filter. Therefore, the engine fuel system needs to be cleaned and maintained. There are mainly two different cleaning methods: one is to directly add the “cleaning agent” to the fuel tank in a certain proportion, and perform internal cycle cleaning in the normal operating state of the car; the other method It needs to be supplemented with special equipment to clean when the engine is idling, * eventually the decomposed carbon colloid will be discharged with the exhaust gas. Suggestion: After cleaning, the fuel filter element should be replaced in time. This cleaning and maintenance should be done regularly every time the car travels 10,000 kilometers. Be sure to use better engine oil for maintenance. Engine lubrication system cleaning and maintenance During the operation of a car, as far as the engine lubrication system is concerned, the deposits of oil, the oxides of the parts and pipes, the particles of metal parts wear, the dust brought from the air, etc. will continuously deposit into sludge, grease, glue, etc. Quality and coke. Over time, these substances form adhesion and accumulation layers on various parts, pipes and valve mechanisms, which will seriously hinder the smoothness of the lubrication system, reduce the heat dissipation function of the mechanical parts, increase the wear of the connecting parts, and reduce the work efficiency. Therefore, the cleaning and maintenance of the engine lubrication system is also particularly important. The specific usage is to pour the cleaning agent into the crankcase, and drain the old engine oil after 5 to 10 minutes of idling. At this time, the sludge, grease, and carbon deposits in the lubrication system will be fully decomposed and discharged with the old oil, but it should be noted that the oil filter element must be replaced at this time. Recommendation: This cleaning and maintenance is suitable for use when changing engine oil. After cleaning, you can add engine oil protective agent, which can more effectively increase the service life of vehicle parts and enhance engine power. Engine cooling system cleaning and maintenance It is well known that a thick, hard scale will form on the surface of the inner wall of a container of boiling water after a period of repeated use. The same is true for the engine water tank. The heat generated when the engine is running at high speed is sent to the water tank through the water circulation system, and the heat is dissipated by the water tank to ensure the normal working state of the engine. Over time, a thick layer of scale will build up on the inner wall of the water tank. When the scale deposits to a certain extent, it will cause the volume of the water tank to become smaller and affect the circulation of cooling water. Due to the poor thermal conductivity of the scale layer, the engine’s lubrication conditions will deteriorate, and the mechanical parts will be overheated. The normal working gap between the linkage parts cannot be maintained, which will deteriorate the mechanical properties, thereby reducing the engine power and increasing fuel consumption, and even affect life span. Therefore, it is necessary to clean the engine cooling system once the car has been running for a period of time. This cleaning and maintenance can achieve the effects of descaling, descaling, anti-rust and anti-acid, and the descaling rate can reach more than 85%. The operation is very simple: just add the “cleaning agent” to the water tank, and clean it under the normal running state of the car. After a few hours, drain the waste water in the water tank and add new coolant or antifreeze again. Suggestion: Such cleaning and maintenance should be carried out at least twice a year. Link to this article：Introduction to the steps of cleaning a car engine
• Uncategorized Software Fault Injection SoftwareFault Injection Tableof Contents Executive Summary 2 Introduction 3 Background 3 Compile-time injections 4 Mutation testing 4 Code insertion 6 Limitations 6 Practical examples 7 Conclusion 7 References 8 Thisis an expository paper on software fault injection. It elaborates thesignificance fault injection unlike conventional software testing.The main reason behind fault injection is to cut on the seriouslyhuge costs that are spent annually on debugging budget. This paperspecifically covers compile-time injection and the role it plays inthe software testing process. It further exposes mutation testing,code insertion and limitations of compile time injections. Practicalapplications of this technique are covered as well as how it relatesto company profitability. Softwareerrors or bugs are so significant since they cost as estimate of$59.5 billion per year, which stands at about 0.6% of the overall GDPof the United States economy. National Institute of Standards andTechnology through the Department of Commerce have released thesedepressing statistics. Unfortunately, above half of the overall costsare met by the end users of the application and the remaining portionare met by either software vendors or developers (NationalInstitute of Standards and Technology, 2016).The study further revealed that, despite the fact that not all bugsmay be removed, but an estimate of about a third of the overall costcould be avoided through thorough software testing and debugging.Unfortunately, some bugs are not realized until too late in theapplication development process or even using end user experience(Voas, 2010). The eventual impact as a reflex of software bugs ishuge since virtually the business fraternity in the United Statesrelies totally on software for distribution, development, support ofafter-sales, and production of products. Failures of software areattracting a lot of attention currently due to their ubiquity andunpredictability. A perfect example is the recent launch failures ofthree Tritan rockets costing over $ 3B. The Air Force of the U.Sagreed that one such failure was because of an erratic decimal pointin the program (Voas, 2011). Itwas established that software bugs cost the global economy a whopping$312 billion dollars per year out of the total $1.25 trillion dollarcost of software development. It also found that a programmer spendsabout half of his or her programming time rectifying such problems. Timely discovery of software bugs is crucial because the cost of abug can grow exponentially the further it persists down the softwaredevelopment life cycle (Britton,2013). The system of a large American trading firm called Knight CapitalGroup paid a huge price in 2012 when a code change was not deployedto just one of its many servers. This resulted in the erroneoussending of 4 million stock orders within an hour rather than theintended several days. This cost the company 4 times what it made inthe prior fiscal year at $440 million (Leon,2015).To resolve the complexity, new techniques need to be derived tocorrect errors in early stages of development process. The techniquediscussed in this paper is referred to as software fault injection. Afault is a concept used to mean a physical imperfection or defectthat takes place within the software execution. In the event a faultyields an incorrect change during software execution, an errorappears. A fault may be localized in the given code but multipleruntime errors may originate from the fault source and saturate theentire application. The approach that we will use to establish theexistence of faults is software fault injection. The basic goal ofthis is to trip up application while running to determine itsreaction. Fault injection is rather empirical in nature. Softwarefault injection ideally should be carried out before release of theapplication and closer to the end of the development process. It isnot necessary to enforce fault injection when the application isshowing huge signs of defaults. It is rather advisable to be deployedonce the source code is stable and seemingly performing what it wasmeant for. A perfect example would be an addition operator in sourcecode (i.e. a=b+c) while leading to the user translating that as asubtraction operator (i.e. a=b-c) which in turn gives varying resultswhere, a= value. There are different scenarios of software injectionfaults, which are defined by the injection time such as runtime,compile-time, etc. In this paper, we will endeavor to exploresoftware fault injections carried out during compile-time. Inorder for one to do injection of faults at this time, the source codemust be altered before the code is executed. This approach majors oninjecting bugs into the target application source code to simulatethe effect of the software faults. The altered source code changesthe target application instructions yielding injection. Injectiondevelops a tangible software image and thus when the targetapplication executes then it activates the anticipated fault.Essentially, injection in this manner develops an erroneous image ofthe software, which in turn activates the fault after execution ofthe faulty image (Hsueh et. al. 1997). This approach calls formodification of the source code, which in turn evaluates the accruingfault effect, and thus requires no extra software in the course ofruntime. Additionally, it does not cause perturbation to the systembeing targeted during the execution process. Because of effectscaused by the fault is essentially hard-coded, software developerscan easily make use of it to zero-in on permanent faults.Thisis a simple technique to deploy but does not accept fault injectionas a separate workload application runs (Hsueh et. al. 1997). Themain advantage, which comes with this method, is that it can bedeployed in simulation of both software and hardware faults. Thetechnique has been proven in simulation of faults in an application,which are relatively closely related in their natural form close tothe ones generated through faults in programming. Since thensimulated faults are written into executable codes, it is thenpossible to segregate permanent from transient system faults. Again,this injection technique stands out as easy to implement code (Hsuehet. al., 1997). On the other side, the technique does not comewithout some unique limitations. The main setbacks of this techniqueinclude first, the method requires original source code modificationand thus the original code must always be available to the teamcarrying out the testing, which may not always be the scenario forCOTS applications for instance. Again, since the original source codeis undergoing modification, it is also most likely undesired codefaults may be freshly introduced. Lastly, as an adverse result of theoriginal source code undergoing some alterations, this method cannotbe deployed in place of certification processes because the systembeing tested will eventually be a very different system to theproduct. Asimple example, which can be given to demonstrate this technique, maybe in the event of changing: x= x+1 to x=x-1 (Looker et.al, 2010). Inmutation, testing is described as a structural technique of softwaretesting, which makes use of the code structure to determine theprocess of testing. In an advanced stage, it is described as theunderlying process of regenerating the original code in smallversions with an objective of removing source code redundancies. Inthe event such program ambiguities are not fixed, this may resultinto software failures in the future and can easily bypass thedebugging process undetected (Briand, 2010). In mutation testing,the software developer takes the source code and performs thoroughtests on the suites arising from the application using othertechniques of testing. In this case, a number of related programs arecreated referred to as mutants, each having a small variance from thesource code that is each performing a fault processing. A goodexample is doing a replacement of a multiplication operator by anaddition operator. The initial test data sample is the executed onthe derived mutants. In the event such test cases end up detectingmutants which are different, then in the scenario the mutants arereferred to as killed, and the entire process of testing is assumedadequate (Briand, 2010). Amutant is considered live in two distinct scenarios, which are in theevent where the mutant equates the source code, that is identicalfunctionally but different when viewed syntactically. The otherscenario is where the set of test codes are unable to kill theprevalent mutant. In the second scenario, there is need for the testdata set to be augmented through addition of one or several new testdata sets in order to kill the mutant still alive. In the event, themutants’ generation is automated, mutation operators are used,which means predefined source code modification rules (Anderson,2011). This is to mean defined rules, which correspond to the faultmodel. A keen note should be taken during mutation operators’specification. In ideal scenario, we would wish the operators ofmutation are representative of and generates all fault types, whichare realistic and could occur in an ordinary practice. Consequently,operators defined in mutation keeps on changing depending on theprogramming language used, specification paradigms, and design,though in many cases there are overlaps. Generally, there are manymutation operators since they are supposed to manipulate all possiblevariations syntactic in nature of a program. It is also possible tomake use of mutants in a random sampling nature. It is assumed thatmutants stand to be good effectiveness indicators (Briand, 2010). Formutation coverage, in the event of complete coverage, this equalizesto killing all mutants, which are detected to be non-equivalent alsoknown as random sample. The amount of the total coverage is alsoreferred to as mutation score. Essentially, we can stand to view eachparticular mutant as a standalone test requirement. The eventualmutants’ number involved is depended on the definition of thesoftware structure as well as the mutation operators. In ordinarycases, the mutants’ number tends to be many, even in the eventwhere the application is small hence strengthening the essence ofusing random sampling (Briand, 2010). While holding such anunderstanding, one may pose a question of what happens in the eventthat errors are more complex involving a number of statements. Inorder to address this concern, there are two assumptions often madeas follows: the first one is where it is assumed that the programmersare competent. This is to mean that once they write a given code, itshould run with minimum errors and test as almost correct. The secondassumption is that of coupling effect. In this assumption, test caseswhich eventually differentiate all programs differing from the rathercorrect one by seemingly simple errors is very sensitive that inturn, implicitly distinguish seemingly more complicated errors(Anderson, 2011). Thereare several fundamental points to take note of regarding mutationtesting. Mutation testing serves as a measurement of the quality ofindividual test cases. There is a tool’s slogan, Jester thatimplies the JUnit test tester. This gives the presiding person doingthe testing with a clearer target that is mutants available to kill.Mutation testing may also implicate that particular types of faultsare mostly unlikely, meaning, the ones specified by the precedingfault model, since it is established that the corresponding test casewill not fail. In this technique, it forces the software developer toinspect thoroughly the source code and imagine of possible test datathat is likely to expose certain types of code faults. Again, it isvery intensive in respect to the level of computation involved, sincethe number of mutants generated is large (Briand, 2010). Despitethe fact that, mutation testing being very intensive in nature, thereseveral benefits which accrue upon adopting this testing technique.These include the following: to start with, it exposes the whole setof bugs to the software developer. Again, it stands out as the mostpowerful technique of exposing hidden bugs, which are ratherdifficult to recognize through conventional techniques of programtesting. Next, tools of testing like Insure ++ gives us theopportunity to recognize source code defects through thestate-of-the-art technique. Moreover, software products, which havebeen tested using the technique they are eventually accepted more andthe customer satisfaction score is rated high since they portray lesserrors upon development completion (Briand, 2010). Lastly, themaintenance and debugging the application is eventually easier ifthis technique is deployed before program completion. Suppose anoriginal source code bares the following statement in its code: a = a+ 1 this statement may be mutated to the following: a = a + a + 1holding the assumption that has a value other than zero (Voas, 2011). Inthis approach, program instructions are loaded to the targetapplication code that in turn allows occurrence of fault injectionbefore a certain instruction executes which is closely related tocode modification. On the contrary, to code modification, thistechnique performs fault injection in the process of runtime andintroduces new program instructions other than altering the sourcecode. Interestingly, in this technique, the fault injector may runconcurrently with the target program code and execute at user mode inplace of system mode. This technique is different from compile-timeinjection because it does not participate in modification of existingbut instead adds code, which is fault generating. The method stillexhibits some static component of the compile-time injection method.This is because the executing source code must undergo somemodification and it is not corrupted but instead added to theoriginal code (Hsueh et. al., 1997). Thistechnique prompts several advantages as follows: to begin with, interms of implementation procedure, it is relatively easy to do.Secondly,this method executes on computer processors, which do not necessarilypossess the necessary debugging hardware for the purpose and makesuse of alternative runtime injection methods. Inaddition, code insertion does not necessarily require any specialaccess to certain internal memory protected areas. However, thistechnique does not go down without some disadvantage of its own. Themain evident demerit is that, it demands the application source codeto be altered and thus making it relatively difficult to deploy thismethod during system certification (Looker et.al. 2010). Softwarefault injection does not come without its challenges and limitations.The following is a discussion of such limitations: To start with,there is limited number of the injection, which can be executed. Thisis because it is only carried out at the assembly instruction point.Secondly, this approach cannot perform software faults injection intolocations that are unreachable by the application. Again, it alsorequires an active modification of the original code instruction inorder to support the overall fault injection. This implies that, theprogram instructions running during the fault injection experimentsare not the particular ones, which executes upon release of thesoftware (Ziade,et. al., 2004).Next, this approach also poses limitation in controllability andobservability. At the best-case scenario, one is exposed tocorruption of the underlying registers of the internal processors andthe locations under the internal memory map. This is the only extendthe programmer is able to see which was traditionally known assoftware developer’s processor model. This implies that, faultinjection cannot be done in the processor scheduling or softwareinstruction pipeline (Ziade,et. al., 2004). Moreover,on software fault injection, it is literally very difficult and hardto model faults, which are permanent. This stands out as a seriouslimitation since in such a scenario the software cannot be correctedin this approach. Lastly, while running the fault injection, theprogram instruction could have a ripple effect on the processorscheduling of all other tasks in the machine. The cause effect ofsuch a limitation is where system real- time deadlines being missed(Ziade,et. al., 2004). A good practical example is the Ariane 5 rocket disaster. A welltested source code subjected through all fault injection proceduresworked normally and as expected in Ariane 4. This mistake done was toassume that since the source code worked in Ariane 4, and theneventually it would work in Ariane 5, which turned out a disastrouscrash (Voaset. al., 2010).Another good example of software fault injection is the developmentof software implementation of incumbent disk fault injection majorlydrifting its target to x86/Linux fraternity. Software fault injectionhas been deployed successfully in several other fields such asdefinition of processors, networking, and even kernels (Adriaens&amp Gibson, 2005). Inconclusion, software faults result into heavy recovery costs if theyare not detected before the program is shipped. The heavy costsassociated with debugging a program while in use by the end usersmake it necessary to deploy software fault injection techniques toaddress the problem. This term paper has explored compile timeinjection as well as detailed mutation testing, code insertion aswell as limitations from software fault injection and the respectivetechniques. The paper also has tried to express several practicalexamples of real life scenarios where fault injection has beenaccomplished with great success. In order to cut on associated costsof debugging process, software developers must invest on faultinjection to correct possible errors before releasing an applicationto the end users. With the exploration discussed through the paper,the world can realize great savings of the GDP if programmers becomeresponsible in this world of software dependency. Adriaens,J., &amp Gibson, D (2005). A Software Layer for IDE Disk FaultInjection: To appear in Systems Lacking Originality Workshop 2005.Universityof Wisconsin-Madison Department of Electrical and ComputerEngineering. Anderson,S. (2011). Mutation Testing. Schoolof Informatics.Retrieved fromhttp://www.inf.ed.ac.uk/teaching/courses/st/2011-12/Resource-folder/09_mutation.pdf Briand,L. (2010). Software Verification and Validation. ResearchLaboratory.Retrieved fromhttp://www.inf.ed.ac.uk/teaching/courses/st/2015-16/Mutest.pdf Britton,T., Jeng, L., Carver, G., Cheak, P. &amp Katzenellenbogen, T.&quotReversible debugging software.&quot&nbspTechnicalReport&nbsp(2013): 1-18.&nbspCiteSeerX. Cambridge University, 2013.Web. 23 Nov. 2016. Hsueh,M., Tsai, T. &amp Iyer, R. (1997). Fault Injection Techniques andTools. Universityof Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,75- 82. Retrieved fromhttps://www.ece.cmu.edu/~ece749/docs/faultInjectionSurvey.pdf Leon,J. (2015, February 28). The true cost of a software bug: part one.Retrieved November 23, 2016, fromhttp://blog.celerity.com/the-true-cost-of-a-software-bug Looker,N., Munro, M., &amp Xu, J. (2010). AComparison of Network Level Fault Injection with Code Insertion.Retrieved from:https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/ec18/00dd1278e87366c896de032994b57f95bfb5.pdf NationalInstitute of Standards and Technology. (2016). Software Errors CostU.S. Economy $59.5 Billion Annually. NationalInstitute of Standards and Technology.Retrieved fromhttp://www.ashireporter.org/HomeInspection/Articles/Software-Errors-Cost-U-S-Economy-59-5-Billion-Annually/740 Voas,J. (2010). Soft are Hazard Mining. ReliableSoftware Technologies.Retrieved from https://www.cigital.com/papers/download/asset99.pdf Voas,J. (2011). Tutorialon . ReliableSoftware Technologies.Retrieved fromhttps://www.cigital.com/papers/download/spectrum2000.pdf Voas,J., McGraw, G., Kassab, L., &amp Voas, L. (2010). A Crystal Ball forSoftware Liability. Retrieved fromhttps://www.cigital.com/papers/download/crystal.pdf Ziade,H., Ayoubi, R. &amp Velazco, R. (2004). A Survey on Fault InjectionTechniques. TheInternational Arab Journal of Information Technology,1(2), 171-187.
Cellular Agriculture Could Provide Key To More Sustainable Egg White Protein Using cellular agriculture to produce egg white protein could hold the key to reducing the environmental impact of an ingredient that is crucial to the food industry. Research by the Future Sustainable Food Systems research group at the University of Helsinki together with VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland might have found a way to reduce the impact egg white production has on the planet through cellular agriculture. The research claims that fungus-produced ovalbumin could have the potential to mitigate part of the environmental burden associated with chicken egg white powder. This is especially true when using low carbon energy sources in production. Chicken egg white powder is a commonly used ingredient in the food industry due to the high-quality protein it contains. The yearly consumption of egg proteins runs into millions of tons and the market is expected to expand further in the coming years. The growing demand is raising questions about both sustainability and ethics. The research team claims parts of the egg white powder production chain, such as rearing chickens for egg production, generate large amounts of greenhouse gas emissions and contribute to water scarcity, biodiversity loss, and deforestation. Additionally, it claims intensive chicken farming has resulted in outbreaks of zoonotic diseases by serving as an important reservoir for human pathogens. Searching for sustainable alternatives to animal-based proteins has been of growing interest within the food industry. Cellular agriculture, also called precision fermentation when used for recombinant ingredient production, offers a biotechnology-based solution to decouple the production of animal proteins from animal farming by using a microbial production system to produce the specific proteins instead. “For example, more than half of the egg white powder protein content is ovalbumin. VTT has succeeded in producing ovalbumin with the help of the filamentous ascomycete fungus Trichoderma reesei. The gene carrying the blueprints for ovalbumin is inserted by modern biotechnological tools into the fungus which then produces and secretes the same protein that chickens produce. The ovalbumin protein is then separated from the cells, concentrated and dried to create a final functional product,” said Dr Emilia Nordlund from VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. Cell-cultured products generally need more electricity than typical agricultural products, and therefore the type of energy source used affects the level of environmental impact. However, the amount of agricultural inputs needed for ovalbumin production by microbes – such as glucose – is generally substantially lower per kilogramme of protein powder. “According to our research, this means that the fungus-produced ovalbumin reduced land use requirements by almost 90 per cent and greenhouse gases by 31–55 per cent compared to the production of its chicken-based counterpart. In the future, when production is based on low carbon energy, precision fermentation has the potential to reduce the impact even by up to 72 per cent,” says Doctoral Researcher Natasha Järviö from the University of Helsinki. For the impact of water use on the environment, the results were less conclusive, showing a high degree of dependency on the assumed location of the ovalbumin production site. In general, the study shows the potential of the precision fermentation technology to increase the sustainability of protein production, which can be further increased by the use of low-carbon energy sources. Source: New Food Magazine Read More: RIPE Researchers Show Ability To Future-Proof Crops Against Climate Change Read More: Steroid Hormones Contribute To The Heat Stress Resistance Of Plants Leave a Comment!
Hearing impairment occurs if there is a problem in the hearing pathway (in normal hearing, sound vibrations pass from the outer ear through the middle ear to the inner ear then via auditory nerve to the brain). There are a range of different terms used to describe hearing impairment including: • deaf - a person is unable to understand speech even in the presence of amplification (makes the sound louder) • hearing loss - there is diminished sensitivity to the sounds normally heard Hearing loss may be a sudden or a progressive impairment that gradually gets worse over time. Depending on the cause, it can be mild or severe, temporary or permanent. It may be a bilateral loss occurring in both ears or unilateral. Hearing loss may be caused by a number of factors, including: genetics, ageing, exposure to noise, some infections, birth complications, trauma to the ear, and certain medications or toxins. A common condition that results in hearing loss is chronic ear infections. Certain infections during pregnancy such as rubella may also cause problems. There are four main types of hearing loss, conductive hearing loss, sensorineural hearing loss, central deafness and combinations of conductive and sensorienural hearing losses which is called mixed hearing loss. 1. Conductive hearing loss (CHL) CHL usually indicates external or middle ear pathologies, such as fixation of the ossicular chain, tympanic membrane perforation, and cholesteatoma (a destructive and expanding growth n the middle ear) (Pic. 1). 2. Sensorineural hearing loss Sensorineural hearing loss is largely caused by the degeneration of the cochlea, a sensory organ for hearing in inner ear. The spiral ganglion neurons (primary auditory neurons) transmit auditory stimuli from the cochlea to the central nervous system. Dysfunction of the nerve that transmits the impulses from the cochlea to the hearing centre in the brain leads to sensourethral hearing loss. 3. Central deafness Damage to the brain can lead to a central deafness. The peripheral ear and the auditory nerve may function well but the central connections are damaged by tumour, trauma or other disease and the patient is unable to hear. 4. Mixed hearing loss In mixed hearing loss, there is a combination of conductive and sensorineural components. Treatment depends on the specific cause if known as well as the extent, type and configuration of the hearing loss. Most hearing loss, that resulting from age and noise, is progressive and irreversible, and there are currently no approved or recommended treatments; management is by hearing aid. A few specific kinds of hearing loss are amenable to surgical treatment. In other cases, treatment is addressed to underlying pathologies, but any hearing loss incurred may be permanent. Reproduction system related disorders: • Mumps • Turner syndrome Mumps or epidemic parotitis is the inflammation of parotic glands. It is caused by mumps virus. This disease has several complications, which also include deafness. Deafness caused by parotitis is unilateral and sensorineural. The reason of deafness is thought to be because of the inflammation of labyrinth and the fluid contained in the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear called endolypmpha. Four of five days after the onset of mumps can appear the hearing loss. It is often sudden with permanent and proufound hearing impairment. Forturnately, this complication is very rare. Turner syndrome Besides the typical features of Turner syndrome (short stature, failure to enter puberty spontaneously and infertility due to ovarian insufficiency) ear problems are common. One of them are recurrent otitis media (inflammatory of middle ear) and progressive sensorineural hearing disorder. More than 60% of the Turner girls (60–80%) aged 4–15 years suffer from repeated attacks of acute otitis media, as compared to 5% of children (aged 0–6 years) in the normal population. Find more about related issues Creative Commons License
Heavy duty planetary Gearboxes L-type Planetary Gearboxes Normal planetary Gearbox Gearbox reducer with DC motors gearbox with DC motors Gearbox reducer with servo motors Gearbox reducer with servo motors Gearbox reducers gearbox reducers Gear reducers convert high-speed rotational energy from an input or driving device, such as a motor, to an output or driven device, such as a shaft. These devices reduce the output speed of the motor with a proportional increase in output torque using two or more gears configured to obtain the correct rotational or translational direction, speed or torque to the output device. There are several gear sets used in gear reducers, depending on requirements related to cost, geometry, load-bearing capability, operational factors, noise, vibration and thermal environments. Worm gear reducers are among the most compact and the least expensive options. They consist of an input pinion gear (i.e., a worm or screw) and an output worm gear. Worm gears transmit rotation at right angles, with the input shaft 90⁰ to the output shaft. They can deliver large reductions of input rotational speed and large increases in output torque. Worm gear reducers are less efficient than some alternatives because the gears experience sliding rather than rolling contact. This results in significant friction and higher operating temperatures, which, in some cases, demands special lubrication. Figure 2: Helical gear. Source: NMCandre/Adobe Helical gears transmit torque between parallel or perpendicular input and output shafts. They contain angled gear teeth that engage gradually, where contact starts at one end of the gear tooth and increases as the gears rotate until the input and output teeth are fully engaged. This allows helical gear reducers to have greater load-carrying capacity, as more gear teeth share the load at a given time, resulting in lower stress and reduced wear on the gears. Additionally, gradual engagement enables smoother and quieter operation than other gears, such as spur gears. A disadvantage of helical gear reducers is that machining and finishing the gears is more complex, resulting in high maintenance costs. Also, since the contact surfaces of the gears are on an angle, helical gears develop thrust loads in the axial direction. This thrust must be opposed by thrust bearings, or else the transmission is likely to misalign. Bevel gear reducers are used when the angle of the input shaft needs to be changed to accommodate the output shaft. Bevel gears are usually cone-shaped and configured at right angles. However, they can be configured to any arbitrary angle, according to the application. These gears must be held to tight tolerances since they are ideally matched to precise orientations. Bevel gear reducers may be manufactured with spur gears or helical gears. Spur gears are the less expensive option, however, only one gear is in contact at any given time, resulting in higher gear stresses and noisier operation. Helical gears are more expensive, however, they can carry greater loads and offer smoother, quieter operation. Figure 3: Bevel gear. Source: beysim/Adobe Planetary gear reducers contain a sun gear that drives two or more planet gears, which in turn drive an internal ring gear. Typically, planetary gears require that the motor and driven equipment be in-line with one another (i.e., co-axial). Planetary gears are capable of significant gear reductions in a compact space and are ideally suited for applications requiring significant torque or impact loading since several gear teeth are engaged at once. Planetary gearboxes can be constructed with either spur gears or helical gears. Because planetary gear sets are more complex and require a high degree of precision, they are generally more expensive than other types of gearboxes. Low backlash gear reducers are ideal for applications that require frequent starting and stopping or load reversals while maintaining precise position. Any of the previously mentioned gears can be engineered for low backlash, involving the precise control of manufacturing tolerances. A future article from WorldWide Electric will discuss the importance and process of selecting the appropriate gear reducer for an application. Figure 4: Planetary gear. Source: Milos Stojiljkovic/Adobe WorldWide Electric Corporation is a leading manufacturer of electric motors, motor controls, and gear reducers, established in 1998. The Rochester, New York-based company takes pride in serving its customers with urgency by offering quick shipping and 24/7 customer support. visit the company website to learn more about gear reducers.
Back to articles list Articles Cookbook 6 minutes read Best Places to Practice SQL JOINs Online You’ve just started your journey with SQL and you’re not sure what a JOIN is or where to use it. Don’t worry! In this article, you will find out what JOINs are and where you can practice them online. If you have just started learning SQL, you have a lot of topics to cover before you can call yourself a data professional. If you are serious about using SQL, you’ll have to understand JOIN – what it does, when you can use it, and what its different variants do. But don’t panic just yet. Learning JOINs isn’t hard, and there are several places where you can practice SQL JOINs online. First, let’s quickly recap what JOINs are and how they work. What Is an SQL JOIN? As you learn SQL, there will be times when you need to know how to combine two or more tables. And that’s what JOINs are about. Joining tables and getting data from more than one table is actually a basic concept in relational databases. In a real-world database, there is never one huge table that contains all the data you could possibly need. Instead, data is stored in many smaller tables that describe just one thing, like customers or products. Any time you want to get information from multiple places, you should use JOINs. There are even times when you’ll need to join a table with itself. There are few different types of JOINs: Each of them has a different purpose and will give you different results. You will not immediately be able to distinguish which type to use and when, but that’s normal. Everything will come with experience. And to get experience, you need to practice! Where to Practice SQL JOINS Online There are a lot of ways to practice SQL JOINs. First of all, choose a resource that matches your skill level. There are online courses that will guide you from the basics up to more advanced exercises. Experienced SQLers can use open-source databases and come up with their own JOIN ideas. Let’s look at some ways you can learn and practice JOINs. We’ll start with the most basic level, one that’s for people who are very new to SQL. 1. SQL Basics Best Places to Practice SQL JOINs Online This is a good course if you want to build a solid SQL foundation. It’s for people with no prior knowledge of programming, databases, or SQL. First, you will learn how to write simple queries on a single table. Next, you will start to work with multiple tables. You’ll begin by writing simple JOINs, and then you’ll work up to more complicated queries. You’ll understand the differences between various joining methods and when you should use each one. There are 129 interactive exercises in this course. You get feedback immediately, and whenever you get lost, you can use a hint. This course is the perfect start to learning SQL JOINs. It’s a friendly, safe environment to practice without any consequences (like messing up your company’s data). After completing all the lessons, you’ll be able to move to more advanced training. Best Places to Practice SQL JOINs Online Maybe you already know what SQL JOINs are. You may know the differences between INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN, and FULL OUTER JOIN. You’re ready for more advanced SQL practice. Our SQL JOINs online course is just the place to develop your skills. It covers all the main JOIN types in detail. You will learn how to: • JOIN and select data from more than one table. • Join many tables in a single query. • Correctly filter data with different kinds of JOINs. • Join a given table to itself (self-joins). • Join tables on non-key columns. We estimate it will take about ten hours to complete these 90 interactive exercises. 3. Mastering SQL Table Joins from Scratch Best Places to Practice SQL JOINs Online This online course is available on the Udemy online learning platform. It is not the cheapest option, but you can sometimes find a great price reduction. This course starts from scratch and gives you the opportunity to deepen your knowledge. Important: you will need to download and install an Oracle database management system to proceed with this training. (The Express Edition of Oracle Database is free.) The course is built on videos and is divided into 5 modules with 55 lectures. You will need at least 5 hours to complete it. The course starts with a short overview of database theory and looks at how to install the database. The biggest part of the course is the final one, which contains 16 practical JOIN examples. They are explained by the teacher in the videos. 4. W3 Resource When you feel more confident in your SQL knowledge, you can start to find more self-directed learning options. For example, you can check w3resource’s SQL exercises, practices, and solutions. W3 is an easy platform to use. There are over twenty exercises to complete; each one has a description, a code editor where you can type your answer, and the correct solution at the end. Each exercise is explained step by step, so you can compare that solution with yours. Best Places to Practice SQL JOINs Online Best Places to Practice SQL JOINs Online 5. DIY SQL JOIN Practice Another way to grow your knowledge of SQL JOINs is by downloading free open-source data sets and trying your own JOIN queries. You can install PostgreSQL for free on your computer, find an open-source database, and come up with your own problems to solve. When you have your own database to work with, your creativity is the only limit. You can discuss cases with other SQL users, write your ideas, and test the solutions. Every time you make a mistake, you’re actually gathering needed experience. Another practice idea is to use the free cheat sheet. You see the syntax of different JOINs and use that to create your own queries. The cheat sheet covers JOIN conditions, NATURAL JOIN, RIGHT JOIN, LEFT JOIN, FULL JOIN, CROSS JOIN, and more. Best Places to Practice SQL JOINs Online Ready to Start Practicing SQL JOINs? As you can see, there are a lot of places where you can find SQL JOIN exercises. By repeating information and learning systematically, you can gain a lot of experience. Practice SQL JOINs in a way that’s most effective for you. Give yourself time and don’t be afraid to challenge yourself. Online learning gives you room to make mistakes, so profit from it. Most importantly, start practicing SQL JOINs!
A pattern of people with battery icons on their chests. All have full batteries except for the patient in the middle with a red exclamation point and one tick mark of energy left. Why Are People With Lupus So Tired? Nearly every person with lupus experiences fatigue at some point during the course of their disease. Fatigue can feel like crushing exhaustion, low-level tiredness, or even being too wiped out to get out of bed. For many people living with lupus, fatigue is a daily symptom. For others, fatigue mostly occurs after exertion. Lupus fatigue causes There are many suspected causes of lupus fatigue, but no one definitive answer. In "The Lupus Book," renowned rheumatologist Daniel Wallace explains that active inflammation can cause fatigue. Inflammation in lupus is caused by our immune system attacking either invading germs or, in the case of lupus, our own body’s organs. To understand immune system dysfunction in lupus, imagine the body’s immune system as an army. A healthy immune system is made up of cells, or soldiers, who recognize enemy germs and then fight them in order to protect the body. In lupus, however, imagine that the soldiers in the army are confused. They incorrectly identify organs such as the joints, skin, kidneys, or central nervous system as foreign invaders. Then the immune system ruthlessly attacks, causing inflammation. The same inflammatory response that makes us tired when our bodies fight off the flu or cold becomes a frequent occurrence in lupus because our immune system is overactive.1 Cytokine dysfunction Cytokine dysfunction may also play a role in lupus fatigue. Cytokines, a part of our body’s immune system, are hormone-like substances that are spurred into action by our body’s immune response. A phenomenon called cytokine storm occurs when excess cytokines flood the body. Cytokine storm is the result of an overactive immune response and is currently being studied in COVID-19 patients.2 Other medical conditions Another cause of fatigue in lupus patients may not be lupus at all. Some lupus patients develop additional medical conditions after they’ve already been diagnosed with lupus. • Anemia – One condition commonly found in lupus patients is anemia. Anemia, or a lack of iron in the blood, prevents red blood cells from doing their job of carrying oxygen throughout the body. Unlike lupus, anemia can be easily diagnosed with a simple blood test. Taking a multivitamin with iron can help with anemia. Adding foods rich in iron into a patient’s diet can also increase the amount of iron in the blood. Patients with anemia can benefit from eating foods like red meat (like beef or lamb), chicken, or fatty fish like mackerel or salmon. Tofu, beans and lentils, and dark leafy vegetables are also good sources of iron.3 • Thyroid disease – Like anemia, thyroid disorder is another common condition that can appear in people with lupus. In an autoimmune disease like lupus, thyroid disease occurs when a dysfunctional immune system confuses the thyroid for a foreign invader and attacks it. This can cause the thyroid to produce too much of a hormone called TSH, resulting in hyperthyroidism, also known as Graves Disease.4More commonly, thyroid disease causes the thyroid to underproduce TSH, resulting in hypothyroidism, or Hashimoto’s.5 Thyroid disease is more common in women, although it can affect people of any gender. Hashimoto’s or Grave’s can be diagnosed with a blood test, although sometimes an ultrasound is needed also.6 A doctor may also physically feel a patient’s neck to examine their thyroid. Thyroid disease is monitored with frequent blood tests and treated with a pill that patients swallow each morning before eating. Whatever the cause of fatigue people experience as part of their lupus, it’s important for people with lupus to respect the new limitations of their bodies. Pushing through fatigue will only increase your exhaustion, and might even induce a flare. While it might be tempting to finish everything on your to-do list, what is truly most important is your health and well-being. Join the conversation or create an account to comment.
What Is Conditioning In Fitness? (TOP 5 Tips) Conditioning is defined as follows: 1: the process of preparing to become physically fit by a regimen of exercise, food, and rest; furthermore, the condition of physical fitness as a consequence of the training. The creation, strengthening, or weakening of an association between a stimulus and a reaction is a simple kind of learning that takes place between a stimulus and a response. What does the term “conditioning” mean in the context of fitness? • Body conditioning refers to workouts that improve your physical attributes such as strength, speed, endurance, and any other physical characteristic. Fitness conditioning routines can help you lose weight, gain muscular tone, and prepare your body for the demands of sports competition. What is conditioning in workouts? Conditioning is a type of exercise that is done with the purpose of improving the performance of your cardiovascular system. You’re still pushing your muscles hard, and it may seem like strength training since your weights are still ‘heavy,’ despite the fact that you’re using much lesser weights during exercises that you would typically use much heavier weights in otherwise. What is body conditioning? Body Conditioning is a workout that mixes aerobic and weight training to an upbeat soundtrack to work out the entire body. With a variety of exercise techniques that include aerobics, floor exercises, weights, and resistance training, you can be certain of a diversified session that will target those areas that other workouts neglect to address. You might be interested: How Much Does A Crunch Fitness Membership Cost? (Solution found) Is conditioning same as cardio? When it comes to conditioning, the term “conditioning” was originally reserved primarily for sportsmen, while the term “cardio” was used by the general public. In terms of substance, they are interchangeable. The only difference between the two is in the way the science is applied. What is strength and conditioning in fitness? In the field of strength and conditioning (S C), the selection and development of dynamic and static workouts used to increase physical performance are two important concepts. When utilized to enhance the way a person moves and develop every aspect of their body, S C is intended to increase a person’s sports or physical performance. What is a conditioning phase? During the conditioning phase, you engage in physical activity that provides fitness advantages such as calorie burning, endurance development, and muscle strengthening. What is core and conditioning? “Core conditioning helps to enhance posture, which in turn helps to give the illusion of being slimmer. A strong core also leads to improved balance, flexibility, and cardiac performance, as well as the ability to do everyday chores such as lifting heavy things. Here’s all you need to know about core conditioning and how to include it into your training program. What are the types of body conditioning? Types of Body Conditioning Exercises and Their Advantages • Weightlifting • Aerobic exercise • Flexibility and stretching exercises • Strength training Is Hiit a conditioning? HIIT workouts are a type of metabolic conditioning — but not all metabolic conditioning is HIIT — and not all HIIT exercises are metabolic conditioning. You might be interested: What Is On The Ace Group Fitness Exam? (TOP 5 Tips) When should I do conditioning? Conditioning should be performed after strength training (at least 5 hours apart), but let’s be honest: how many individuals have the luxury of exercising twice a day? If this is the case, conditioning should be added at the end of the strength training sessions to maximize results. Is conditioning and endurance the same thing? Endurance is defined as the capacity to maintain a specific level of exertion with minimum tiredness — a marathon is a great illustration of this. A condition is the capacity to do a specific effort again and over again with minimum tiredness — classic examples are team sports such as soccer, American football, basketball, and ice hockey. Leave a Comment
Non-Violent Protest: Dr. Martin Luther King Published: 2021-08-03 17:15:05 essay essay Category: Evil, Oppression, Activism, Martin Luther King Type of paper: Essay Hey! We can write a custom essay for you. All possible types of assignments. Written by academics Non-violent protest: Dr. Martin Luther King This morning, I woke up to turn on the 7 o clock news and listened to the reporter to inform America of violence around the world. There were stories ranging from a shootout in Homewood to wars amongst territories. If violence continues to breakdown communities, there will come a time where there will be no communities left to destroy. My grandmother was telling me how today is not the same day as yesterday; when brothers and sisters helped each other progress through struggles. During the the1900s, society was unjust because of color. Whites wanted to rule the nation, but this was not in the interest of black people. Blacks wanted an end to segregation, injustices, and white supremacy. There were many different leaders that used different methods to strive for the achievement of this goal and many failed. Dr. Martin Luther King made a great contribution to the conclusion of oppression for blacks. What did Martin Luther King do differently to help blacks and whites walk together after centuries of oppression? During the 1900s, blacks were faced with major obstacles that still affect people today. Blacks were not given opportunities to receive a great education. During that time, in Mississippi, three dollars was spent on an African American’s education and sixty dollars was spent on a white person’s education. Blacks were not allowed to vote and were not perceived as true citizens of the United States. Whites sought to terrorize black people by preventing them from living life freely. The world was separated and blacks were left with the trashy side of it. African Americans wanted change, but they did not know how to make a huge societal change. During the time of oppression against black people, there were people, organizations, movements, and protest that aimed for black power and separation. The Black Panther Party was formed in 1966 and aimed to overthrow their white oppressors. Booker T. Washington thought it would be a good idea to accommodate whites, integrate races economically, and be separate socially. Marcus Garvey advocated a “back to Africa movement” because he saw a future with no love between blacks and whites. Black Muslims advocated racial separation and it was cultivated in their religion. Muhammad said “Your entire race will be destroyed and removed from this earth by Almighty God. And those black men who are still trying to integrate will inevitably be destroyed along with the whites” He showed much anger to white people and wanted total separation with black supremacy. Malcolm X was a leader that advocated violence if it was necessary to break down the walls of racial oppression. By any means necessary” is a famous quote stated by Malcolm X that shows his view on obtaining black power. These leaders are known to be great but oppression continued to build; there was still no peace. Whites continued to oppress blacks and looked for ways to make their lives miserable. Dr. King believed society would be demolished if everything continued. He decided to take a different approach. “Darkness cannot drive out darkness: only light can do that. Hate cannot drive out hate: only love can do that” is an infamous quote stated by Dr.Martin Luther King Jr. Dr. King lived his whole life during a time where blacks were severely mistreated and faced enormous injustices. He felt if blacks continued to fight back with violence, then there would be a world with no peace until it is destroyed. Dr. King had a dream that blacks would not be judged by the content of their skin but by the content of their character. He dreamed of a world with equal opportunities and civil rights. He wanted this dream to become sight and many people influenced his approach. He advocated six principles to help society reach his vision. I would like to use this section of the paper to establish who and what inspired the practices and ideas of Dr. King. While pursuing a degree at the Crozer Theological Seminary, King listened to a lecture presented by Mahatma Gandhi. Being inspired by his words, King read different books written by Gandhi. He learned that Gandhi used non-violence against British rule in India. King believed this was a method that could possibly settle the injustices for blacks in America. For more influence, King studied the theories of Henry David Thoreau with the intent to make a societal change. King was familiar with the leaders who used non-violence such as Frederick Douglass, Philip Randolph, and Bayard Rustin, but King wanted everyone to get involved. King partnered up with Ralph Abernathy and Bayard Rustin and formed the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. King aimed for the SCLC to be attractive to the black church so that everyone would play a role. The 6 principles that King advocated. Do not humiliate or defeat. During this time of injustice, there was much hatred between black and white people. Blacks were always being defeated by whites, and they were tired of white supremacy. As a result, blacks aimed to defeat their oppressors to live life freely. Dr. King, the enlightened thinker, opposed the view. Dr. King said “the nonviolent resister should not seek to humiliate or defeat the opponent but to win his friendship and understanding. ” Dr. King practiced what he preached. After Rosa Parks rejected to give up her seat to a white man on the bus, she was arrested. Many community leaders and Dr. King developed a bus boycott. This allowed King to implement what he learned from Gandhi. Dr. King was arrested and his house was firebombed. After his house was bombed, he called out for his family. Instead of fighting back with violence, he said “Now let's not become panicky, if you have weapons, take them home; if you do not have them, please do not seek to get them. We cannot solve this problem through retaliatory violence. We must meet violence with nonviolence. We must love our white brothers, no matter what they do to us. We must meet hate with love. ” However, that did not stop him. For about 13 months, 17,000 black people in Montgomery refused to ride the bus. As a result, the company was losing too much money. On November 13th, 1956, the Montgomery Bus Boycott was known as a success, because the buses were desegregated. Non-violent resistance is not for cowards. Some may raise opposition and believe that they have too much pride to be disrespected. Many thought it was a cowardly act, however, King believed otherwise. King said non-violent resistance is passive and always seeks opportunities to convince the opponent of advantages in forming a loving relationship. Although one is not violent, one continues to drive on coming together. A person, who drives on togetherness despite opposition, is brave and strong because it is not easy to go against the masses. This was shown during the Greensboro sit-in on February 1st, 1960. Four black students from North Carolina A; T State University decided to sit at the “whites only” counter at a local restaurant. They did not get served and decided to stay seated in the section until they were served. They continued to return day after day and brought friends with them. After a week, hundreds were waiting to be served. The restaurant eventually served the students and the protest influenced many non-violent protests throughout different cities. Instead of fighting, mirroring, and hating, the students looked to eat with other white people. The white people did not like it, but they had the chance to hear the black students. Non-violent resisters attack forces of evil. African Americans believed that they were always under-attack and had to defend themselves. If people are striving for a world full of peace, evil has to be non-existent. During the 1900s, blacks and whites had evil intentions, but it was acceptable for whites to behave on their intentions. King wanted evil intentions to exit the minds of everyone and out of the world. King said “We are out to defeat injustice and not white persons who may be unjust. ” Instead of hurting the person who has done evil, attack the evil forces. He wanted everyone to concentrate on attacking the evil forces of injustice, instead of trying to defeat the white man. Given you have killed a white man; the evil forces will continue to live. However, if you attack the evil forces, everyone can walk together. In 1961, the Freedom Riders abided by this principle. Black and white Freedom Riders left Washington D. C. in 1961 and rode buses, trains, and planes from city to city to protest against the forces of evil that segregated interstate transportation. They reached opposition, mobs and were arrested. After much perseverance, great support was gained from around the world. Non-violent resisters accept suffering without retaliation. King believed one should accept violence but never commit it. This would enable white people to hear and listen to what they had to say. It may sound crazy because, in today’s world, many problems are dealt with by using retaliation; just watch the news. However, earlier generations watched blacks accept the abuse, and later shake hands with white people. In 1963, the 16th Street Baptist Church was bombed and 4 black girls were killed. Instead of the parents and the community trying to kill Chambliss, the bomber, they accepted the suffering. They non-violently protested to let their voice be heard and Chambliss was sentenced to life in prison. If they had retaliated, there would have been more than four dead girls. By not retaliating, Chambliss, who had used forces of evil, left society. As a result, there was one less force to fight against. #5 In Non-violent resistance, one loves the opponent with “agape. ” Agape means unconditional love, and King expected everyone to love their opponent with it. Many people struggled with this principle because people could not find anything within themselves to love someone who terrorized them for so long. King wanted everyone to love everyone despite the opposition and oppression. The avocation of this belief brought many colors together. King said “Along the way of life, someone must have sense enough and morality enough to cut off the chain of hate. ” King wanted blacks to shine a light on breaking this chain of hate and to bring love into the relationships. #6 In Non-violence resistances, the universe is just. Evidently, there are many people who share difficulty in loving your opponent. King believes the world was created to be just, but everyone is free to act with their own free will. People acted with their own free will and brought forces of evil into the world. The forces continued to grow since the start of time. King wanted everyone to understand that the world will evolve into a just universe. King encouraged others to believe that God is moving us toward universal love and wholeness continual. He used this principle to reinforce to African Americans that justice will be served in God’s time. He wanted African American activists to have and keep faith that justice will be served in the future. All of the work for justice will result in love, peace, and justice everywhere is a belief that King stood by. Some may say non-violence was not going to fix the injustices in society. In the Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), non-violence was their method to help the conditions of black people The non-violence approach did not work for the SNCC; however, they did not continue to persevere through the tough time. Perseverance is defined as steady persistence in a course of action despite difficulties. Dr. King is an infamous historical icon that held this trait. People should not have expected time to change immediately after many years of oppression. When Dr. King persevered and gained strong support, changed happened, and he used the method of non-violence which brought everyone together. To conclude, Dr. King’s approach to helping heal society was very different from the violent retaliation that people advocated. Dr. King overcame much to achieve his vision. He dealt with blacks not wanting to support his method but to oppose it. He dealt with whites constantly trying to prevent him from making a change in society, but Dr. King continued to advocate and practice his principles. He was able to see that blacks had been trying to make a change by using violence for many years and it did not work. He understood that if blacks fought for black supremacy then it would just cause war and corruption. Whites feared being oppressed and became threatened when blacks retaliated; which drove for more oppression. Dr. King knew if a change was going to be made, then there would have to be love in the world. His approach was successful because he got the attention of white people, and they listened to what he had to say. When blacks retaliated, whites had no time to listen because they had to look for new ways to oppress black people more. I admire Dr. King because he was able to bring blacks and whites together after the hatred between the two races for many years. Presently, we have blacks killing their brothers, sisters, and communities without the development of black society. This is an issue within the black community that needs to be fixed. What should we do? We should apply the 6 principles presented by Dr. King. We have to teach our brothers and sisters not to aim to defeat each other but to love and lift up one another. We have to teach our brothers and sisters that life is not about being the “baddest” person on the block; it is ok to walk away out of love. We need to attack the evil forces that are causing the bad behaviors of our brothers and sisters. The people within the black communities need to be taught how to accept it when someone strikes you in the face and to retaliate with love instead of a shot to the head. We have to show our brothers and sisters that we love them unconditionally; as a result, love will drive out hate. It will be hard to teach people that the non-violent principles work, just as it was hard for Dr. King. Many people are ignorant of his contribution to society and are unaware of his method. I think the ideas, values, beliefs, and history of the 1900s were not passed down from generation to generation effectively enough. When I was in elementary school, my grandmother told me “if someone hits you, do not hit them back. ” She was able to see how effective non-violent protests were. My parents told me “if someone hits you, then you hit them back. ” These are two different philosophies from two different generations on the same subject. If my grandmother’s generation would have effectively passed down their values and beliefs, then the world would be different. The world would not be the same because retaliation may be out of the social norm. People have to educate everyone on the impact of non-violence. After we have done all we can do, we have to call on God and let he will be done. Works Cited Carman, J. (2010). 6 facts about non-violent resistance. Reference Dyson, M. E. (2008). Basic Books. Dyson, M. E. (2001). King, M. (1998). The autobiography of martin Luther king, jr. New York: Warner Books. King Jr, M. (1957). asp?document=1131 Mintz S. (2007) We can write your paper just for 11.99$ i want to copy... People also read
Have you seen cockroaches around the house?…But are you sure that the creepy crawlies are actually roaches? Yes, they have six legs, a pair of antennae, and they ‘look’ like roaches, so they must be, right? Well, not always! You might be facing a water bug problem! Water Bug Vs. Roach – Misconceptions Confusing Water Bugs with Cockroaches is Common. Despite belonging to a different classification of insects, people often tend to mix up water bugs with cockroaches because of their appearance. It’s common to mistake water bugs to be a different species of cockroaches (like the oriental roach and the American roach). Water Bug front As apparent by the name, a water bug is an aquatic insect which falls under the Hemiptera classification. Compared to cockroaches, water bugs are larger and measure at least 3.8 cm in length while common house cockroaches are much smaller. Again, as suggested by the name, water bugs tend to live either in water sources or near them while cockroaches, despite living in humid conditions, don’t go near water sources. Moreover, water bugs are known for biting. Cockroaches, on the other hand, do bite but only in very rare conditions. Only one species of cockroach is commonly known for biting which is the German cockroach. What is a water bug? Water bugs, also known as alligator fleas, alligator ticks, electric-light bugs, and toe biters belong to the family of freshwater hemipteran insects. As understood by the name, water bugs prefer to live in water. While waterbugs have the ability to hold their breath for a long period, they need to resurface. There are almost 1500 species of water bugs. Moreover, they hardly ever enter houses. They prefer to eat creatures and insects present in the water instead of scavenging for food as cockroaches do. What is a cockroach? Best Roach Killer - Individual Cockroach Cockroaches belong to the Blattodea species, the same group ‘termites’ fall under. There are approximately 4,600 species of cockroaches with some of them being termed as pests too. Generally, cockroaches are found in homes and buildings since they prefer warm environments that are close to sources of food and water. Cockroaches are also known for spreading a number of diseases. Societal Behaviors The most interesting thing about cockroaches is the fact that cockroaches are social insects that prefer to be in groups. In fact, they show a collective decision making when it comes to choosing food sources, and they behave differently when they are isolated. Water Bug Distinct features Found near a water source Often found in groups Normally 4 inches Normally 1-2 inches 1 - 4 YearsApprox. Year YesVery rarely Appearance – Cockroach and Water Bug The most prominent distinguishing factor between the two insects is the size. Most of the species of water bugs are large in size and can measure up to 4 inches long. On the other hand, the common house cockroaches are smaller than water bugs and commonly measure up to one to two inches in length. Only the American cockroach has a size similar to the water bug; however, both of them can be easily differentiated. The water bug has a yellowish pattern resembling the figure eights on the back of its heads. The color of cockroaches ranges from light tan shades to dark brown. Water bugs are tan to black in color as well, thus, it can be difficult to differentiate the two based on color. Both have a flat and oval-shaped body and feature wings and antennae. However, water bugs have both a short and pointed beak, as well as a sharp piercing mouthpart present on the underside of its head. Habitat – what are they attracted to? Water bugsCockroaches As mentioned earlier, water bugs tend to live either in water sources or near them. Since they are known as amphibious or aquatic, they spend a majority of their time in freshwater. However, they can also be found in rotting materials like debris and leaves. Water bugs are unable to breathe underwater; thus they come to the surface of the water for air. Water bugs look for dark and moist areas for hiding as well as breeding purposes. These bugs are most attracted to leaky pipes or standing water and will definitely be found in places where either of the two is present. Cockroaches are known as land insects and prefer to live in humid conditions; however, they don’t go near any water source on purpose. They generally prefer areas that are dark, vertical, and larger than the size of their body. The most common places where cockroaches are found include bathroom and the kitchen.Since they prefer a warm environment and don’t tolerate a cold temperature, they can be found indoors in cracks, basements, and crawl spaces. Apart from being attracted to moisture, cockroaches are attracted to crumbs laying on the floor, dirty dishes, as well as food left out on the counter. Despite their differences in habitat, both insects can enter the house through pipes, holes, and cracks that lead indoors and exit via the drainage system. Do Water bugs bite? Water bugs do bite, which is why they are often called as toe-biters. When a person’s foot disturbs a stagnant pond of water, then water bugs surely bite. However, these insects are generally considered to be harmless because they don’t go out of their way to search for humans that they can bite. Only if they are startled, or they feel threatened, they are likely to bite. Any person can be bitten by a water bug particularly those that work outdoors, particularly in rural and wood-heavy locations. Older adults and children are much more susceptible to experience severe reactions from the bite. While the bites are painful, they don’t cause any significant harm and are not lethal. However, some people do experience difficulty in breathing, swelling, increase in heart rate, muscle cramps, vomiting, and fever after being bitten. How to treat water bug bites? Image of treatment Both medical treatment and home remedies can be used for treating water bug bites. You must first wash the affected area with soap and water. Using a thick soap, make foam/lather on the place where you have been bitten. Then, rub the lather smoothly over the surface. Let the soap stay on the skin for up to a minute. Don’t rub off the soap. Instead, let it dry off as this prevents skin infection and itchiness. To relieve itchiness, you can make use of the following home remedies: 1) Make a paste using baking soda and water. Make sure that the paste is thick. Next, apply the paste to the area where you have been bitten and leave it on for at least an hour until it completely dries off. Then, rinse the paste with cold water. 2) Take a cotton ball and dip it in lemon juice. Then, dab it on the rash to reduce the itchiness experienced. 3) Aloe Vera is known to have both antibiotic as well as antifungal properties because of which it is highly effective for preventing secondary infections that the bite might cause. 4) Ice packs can also be used for reducing the swelling. 5) You can apply over-the-counter steroidal creams such as 1% hydrocortisone or cortisone since they help to reduce the resulting inflammation and itching. The cream must be used for a week, and you must ensure that you follow the given instructions. 6) For a soothing effect and to heal the skin, use calamine lotion. You can also take either antihistamines or Benadryl. To find relief from pain, take anti-inflammatory analgesic medicines. Examples of such medicines include ibuprofen, naproxen, and aspirin. Do Cockroaches Bite? While it is quite rare, there is still a possibility of a cockroach biting you. The bite in itself is not harmful. However, it can last for up to one week. Cockroaches are omnivores and nocturnal. They might not bite the flesh all over the human body, but they are known to bite the eyelashes and fingernails as well as hands and feet. Cockroaches don’t really bite living humans except in the case of extreme infestations where the population of cockroach is large, and the food sources are limited. Take note that even if the infestation is large, cockroaches don’t bite humans when there are other food sources present like exposed food and garbage cans. The bites can cause swelling, lesions, and irritations while some people may suffer from minor wound infections as well. Do roach bites spread diseases?How to treat cockroach bites? Cockroaches have proven to spread a number of diseases; however, these insects are not the direct vectors of any disease. Diseases caused by cockroaches are not through a direct mechanical transfer. Instead, the transmission takes place indirectly through contact and consumption of items that have been contaminated by the insects itself, and not through their bite. Cockroaches carry such bacteria that can contaminate food and make one sick upon consumption. They contaminate the food with their saliva and water; both of which that contain bacteria that can cause food poisoning, Staphylococcus infections, and diarrhea. Taking the necessary precautions as soon as you are bitten by a cockroach is important to avoid infection. Instead of pressing the wound and rubbing it, you must first clean it with water and soap. If the bite swells up, then you must treat it with ice. Remember, you must not scratch the wound because it can lead to secondary infections. There are a few home remedies that you can use to treat the bites including alcohol, tea bag, and lemon juice. You can also apply a hydrocortisone cream in case of inflammation and swelling, however, make sure that you consult a doctor first. Bites from cockroaches are not fatal, so there is no need to panic. They can only cause secondary infections and allergies which can be treated easily. Understanding the Lifecycle Water bugsCockroaches The time it takes for the nymph water bug to become a full-grown adult is, at maximum, two months. The female water bug lays the egg either on the back of the male water bug or plants above the water such as cattails. In some cases, the female lays eggs on weeds growing along the edge of the water. The male water bug then takes great care of the eggs until they hatch. The male also makes sure that the eggs get air every once in a while, so that fungus or algae doesn’t grow on them. The lifespan of an adult water bug depends on the species of water bugs; however, their lifespan can range anywhere from 1 years to 4 years. It is important to note that a water bug can live without food for up to 4 weeks and they can survive without water for up to two weeks as well. The life cycle of the cockroach varies from one species to another. However, all the cockroaches start as eggs and are carried in a capsule which is called an ootheca. The cockroaches then go through different development stages that are called instars until they mature into full-grown adults. In one sitting, the female roach can lay from as few as 14 eggs to as many as 36 eggs. Similarly, the incubation period can range from 24 days to up to 215 days. The lifespan of a cockroach depends on a number of factors including the diet and the environment. In favorable conditions, cockroaches go through rapid population growth and longer lifespan while in unfavorable conditions an adult cockroach either develops slowly or dies prematurely. Generally, female cockroaches live longer than males do. While the males may live up to approximately one year, females can survive for up to two years. What do water bugs eat? Since water bugs do bite, they inject a paralyzing fluid in their preys which keeps them stunned. In some cases, water bugs have known to eat preys that are 50 times larger than they are. However, most commonly, water bugs eat the following: • Water bugs most commonly eat tadpoles because they are very small and are not completely adapted to their surroundings yet. • Water bugs also eat fish, particularly bluegills and small guppies • Larvae and eggs are another favorites of water bugs. Animals such as frogs and mosquitoes lay their eggs • Lastly, water bugs also love to eat insects ranging from ants to crickets. What do cockroaches eat? Since cockroaches are omnivores and tend to scavenge for food, they eat anything available to them. They prefer starches, meats, and sweets, but they can also consume items like decaying matter, books, and hair. Cockroaches that live in the sewers eat sewage while those living on dead tree eat the decaying wood. There are no particular foods that cockroaches eat. How to get rid of water bugs? water bug side Since these insects do bite, you should aim to get rid of them if you see them around the house. Of course, they don’t carry the same risks that other household pests do. However, it is still better to take care of them properly instead of ignoring the problem. To get rid of water bugs, here is what you can do: Boric AcidHome remedies The best and the most efficient bait product for water bugs is boric acid. To attract the insects, a thin layer of boric acid is sprinkled outside the nest of the insect. As the insect walks over the layer of powder, it is ingested through the antennae and legs. After some time, the acid kills the insect. Best Roach Killer - Boric Acid Roach Powder Boric acid is comparatively more effective than other bait products because of a number of reasons. Boris acid is known to have inflammatory properties. Thus, when it is applied, it burns the water bugs living in the area. Similarly, the eggs laid by the insects are also burned down. Boric acid is also anti-bacterial which helps to prevent the spread of bacteria by water bugs. To treat water bugs with boric acid, you need 400 to 500 grams of the powder. Then, identify the areas where the bugs are residing. After identifying the area, sprinkle a very thin layer of boric acid. Remember that the layer shouldn’t be too thick as water bugs avoid heavy piles. Alternatively, you can also mix boric acid with water to make a liquid solution and then spray it over the infested area. There are a number of ingredients present at home that can be used for treating water bugs such as vinegar, liquid detergent, and alcohol. Perhaps, one of the most effective home remedies for water bugs is the cooking oil. Cooking oil and water don’t mix at all. As a result, when cooking oil is poured on the water source, water bugs are all separated, and they start to float on the water’s surface. Then, when the bugs are transferred to a bucket filled with oil, a reaction in the presence of limited oxygen, oil, and heat kills the water bugs. For getting rid of cockroaches, you can use commercial cockroach killing sprays. However, if the infestation is severe, you should call your local exterminator. Water Bug vs. Roach – Summary While both water bugs and cockroaches have a similar appearance, i.e., similar shape and size, they can still be differentiated because of other characteristics, which have been discussed above. Water bugs are most often than not found near a source of water while cockroaches tend to live on the land with humid conditions. Similarly, while roaches can bite, it is very rare that a cockroach would bite a human. Regardless, it is important that you take the necessary steps to get rid of both the insects to live in a healthy space.
The “Treasury of Atreus” A Late Bronze Age tomb near Mycenae Very near the Bronze Age citadel of Mycenae (Greece) lies a monument that is referred to as the “Treasury of Atreus”. But it is not a treasury, and the name of its original owner is unknown. Written by Josho Brouwers on Virtually within spitting distance of the fortified citadel of Mycenae is a large, underground tomb that carries the misleading name “Treasury of Atreus”. I’ll get back to that designation later on in this article; for now I want to focus on the tomb itself. The monumental structure is what we today classify as a tholos or “beehive” tomb. This is the most impressive, most ostentatious form of funerary architecture in the Aegean. Tholos tombs were constructed in the centuries leading up to ca. 1200 BC, when most of the Mycenaean palaces were destroyed. Tholos tombs were cut into the soft earth of low hills. A long walkway or dromos – the Greek word for “road” – leads to the entrance of the burial chamber. The dromos is flanked by stone walls. When the chamber was in use, the dromos would be filled with earth, probably to help hide the tomb, but also to make it more difficult for robbers to get in. These tombs were used to bury multiple people and were likely used by particular families. Whenever someone new had to be added to the tomb, the dromos would be cleared out and then filled back up again once the funeral and accompany ceremonies were over. Despite the best efforts on the part of the builders to hide the tomb and/or make it more difficult for tomb raiders to gain access, it was nevertheless looted repeatedly. In fact, all tholos tombs were raided in ancient times. As a result, it is difficult to say who exactly was buried here. Due to the tremendous effort involved in its construction, those who were entombed must have belonged to the upper echelons of society, and may have included the ruler or king – wanax, as per the Linear B tablets – of Mycenae itself. The date for this tomb in particular, the largest and most ornate of all tholos tombs, is a matter of some contention. Some suggest it dates to the ceramic phase Late Helladic IIIA1, say around 1370 BC, while others believe it should be dated to the middle of Late Helladic IIIB, or ca. 1250 BC (French 2002, p. 69). Since the tomb was probably used over a longer period of time, it may well be that it was first constructed in the fourteenth century. Consensus, however, seems to associate the tomb with the (re)building projects at Mycenae of around 1250 BC. A view of the corbelled ceiling of the tomb. Photo: Annatsach. The main burial chamber has a circular groundplan; there is also a small side chamber. Walls of horizontal courses of stone blocks rise up to the ceiling. The blocks themselves become slightly smaller the higher you go and the courses have an ever decreasing diameter. The result is that the chamber has a corbelled ceiling. The inner room has a height of more than 13 metres. During its construction, the workers likely made use of the surrounding hill to support the chamber’s walls. Larger blocks were dragged up the hill and then slid into place from above. The entrance to the tomb is monumental and consists of a large door that must once have been sealed off using massive wooden doors. The doorway was originally flanked by half-columns of green marble, carved with spirals and zigzags. At the top of the doorway is a massive stone lintel that perhaps weighs as much as 120 tons. Above it is a relieving triangle. It recalls the one one above the Lion Gate of the citadel of Mycenae, which in that case was filled with a sculptured relief (see the featured image that accompanies my article on the Bronze Age Collapse). The relieving triangle at the tomb’s entrance was originally filled with slabs of red and green marble to keep the soil that was loaded into the dromos from spilling into the chamber. The basic structure of a tholos tomb recalls the simpler chamber tombs that were common during the Late Bronze Age. I described these my article on the Late Minoan cemetery at Armenoi in Crete. Briefly, a chamber tomb also consists of a dromos and a burial chamber (thalamos), but is much smaller and simpler. Chamber tombs are also cut into rock, rather than built using stone blocks in relatively soft earth. What’s in a name? The tomb is known by the designation “Treasury of Atreus”. It is also referred to in Greek as the “Tomb of Agamemnon”. Both of these names are misleading: in the former case because it is not a treasury nor is there any evidence to show it belonged to the fictional Atreus;Show There is mention of a certain Attari(s)siya(s) in Hittite texts, which may be the Greek name Atreus. He is identified as a “ruler” – not a king, probably a high-ranking noble – of Ahhiyawa (“Achaea”, i.e. some part of Mycenaean Greece), but there is no evidence that links this figure to the tomb, or that he forms the basis for the Atreus from myth. For more, see Text 3 in Gary Beckman et al., The Ahhiyawa Texts (2011). in the latter case, it almost certainly didn’t belong to the equally fictional Agamemnon. As a quick refresher, according to the stories of the Trojan War, Agamemnon was the commander of the Greek forces that set out to besiege the city of Troy in order to retrieve the beautiful Helen of Sparta. Agamemnon and his brother, Menelaus, the king of Sparta, were the sons of Atreus. The misleading designations for this tomb were given to it in modern times. However, they have an ancient precedent. In his description of the Argolid, the Greek travel-writer Pausanias, who lived in the second century AD, noted that near Mycenae (2.16.6): there are also underground chambers of Atreus and his children, in which were stored their treasures. There is the grave of Atreus, along with the graves of such as returned with Agamemnon from Troy, and were murdered by Aegisthus after he had given them a banquet. As I have explained before, the ancient Greeks from ca. 800 BC onwards had no knowledge of what we refer to as the Bronze Age. They did encounter objects and especially structures from that time period, including tholos tombs, but they had no idea what to make of them. Instead, they created a mythical past of their own; these relics of a bygone era were interpreted as part of that imagined past. It is unfortunate that early archaeologists of the modern era decided to give monuments like this tomb designations that reinforce a link to ancient Greek mythology. Firstly, because it falsely suggests that there is some “kernel of truth” in the many stories that the ancient Greeks made up centuries later to make sense of their world. Secondly, because it robs the remains of the Aegean Bronze Age of an identity of its own. Imagine what are understanding of the Aegean Bronze Age would be like if we didn’t tie this tomb to Atreus or his son. Imagine how we would look at the remains of ancient Troy without constantly referencing the Homeric epics. Imagine what our understanding of Bronze Age Crete would be like if it wasn’t associated with the mythical King Minos. Without these associations, we would be in a much better position to appreciate the Aegean Bronze Age for what it was. You don’t need Greek mythology to make the Aegean Bronze Age interesting. Doing so anyway is not just a mistake, but also a crying shame. Further reading Suggestions for further reading are listed below: • Philip P. Betancourt, Introduction to Aegean Art (2007). • John Boardman, The Archaeology of Nostalgia: How the Greek Re-Created Their Mythical Past (2002). • Elizabeth French, Mycenae: Agamemnon’s Capital (2002). • Donald Preziosi and Louise A. Hitchcock, Aegean Art and Architecture (1999). • Louise Schofield, The Mycenaeans (2007). Spot a mistake? Feel free to let us know. ↑ Back to top
The Mixolydian Mode The Mixolydian mode starts on the fifth scale degree. It is the only mode that is dominant in nature and is mostly used in blues and jazz music. In the Key of C : C D E F G A B C the fifth scale degree is G so we have a G Mixolydian in this Key. G Mixolydian: G A B C D E F G The intervals are therefore T T S T T S T If we compare to G Major : G A B C D E F# G we can see that the Mixolydian mode has a b7 compared to the corresponding major scale. It is this b7 that gives the Mixolydian mode a dominant 7th nature which is why it suits blues and jazz well as they both tend to use a lot of 7th chords. An example pattern starting on the A string is shown below. I’ve started on the A string to keep the fingering pattern fairly uniform. As with all the modes, you definitely want to experiment a lot with playing this pattern in as many different positions as possible (audio here): If you need a diagram showing the notes on the fretboard, one is available in the Ionian mode (Major scale) post. The first example is played over a C7 chord (audio here). The second example uses a G7 G7 Dm Dm C7 C7 (V7 ii I7) chord progression which has the Mixolydian mode played over the top of it as shown below (audio here). These are fairly simple examples to get you started, hopefully you can hear the blues / jazz sound of this mode. Good luck, and the most important thing – have fun!
Do Cats Know When They Are Dying? Do Cats Know When They Are Dying? One of the saddest times in a cat parent’s life is when their cat dies, which can be compounded by their cat’s behavior right before death. It’s almost like cats know they will die and behave differently right before death. But do they even understand the concept of death or dying? Cats seem to know when they are dying and will behave differently than normal. They might hide when close to death and follow certain patterns when they sense their time has come. They may eat less, not groom themselves, and develop a different personality. If you notice your cat doing odd activities described in this article, you might want to prepare yourself for losing your feline buddy. Let’s get started on a difficult yet necessary topic. Where Do Cats Go When They Are Dying? Cats who are dying or are close to death might hide, but not for the reason you might think. Most people may think that cats hide before dying because they don’t want to cause their humans pain, but that’s not why. Cats close to death in the wild will hide out of instinct because if a predator picks up on the scent of death, the dying cat will be easy pickings. When you have an older cat or a cat with a terminal illness, you may want to keep an eye out for this behavior and keep track of it in the case of an unfortunate event. Cats will normally hide in closets, under furniture, or in the basement when they are sick or close to death. There is a 14-year-old cat who’s lived with her family for almost as long. In 2015, she was diagnosed with bone cancer and given just six months to live. However, as of 2021, she is still alive and doing well, considering her diagnosis, but she sometimes disappears for hours at a time, and her family gets worried that she might have died. When her favorite treats are shaken, she comes out of hiding, much to the relief of her family. Her family keeps an eye on her to make sure she is alive and healthy, but soon, she will hide and never come out. Do Pets Understand the Concept of Death at Some Level? While many vets think that cats and dogs can’t know when they will die, several internet stories show that they know when they are dying. Some people claim that their pets came to them and looked at them sadly, then cuddled up and—well—died. Others claim that their pets disappeared. An explanation might be that they know when they feel worse and need extra attention and love to help them cross to the other side. Another explanation is that they detect a different smell about themselves that tells them they are nearing the end of their lives. That could explain why, when humans are near death, cats will lay on top to comfort them. Do Cats Know When They Are Dying? Cats and dogs have this unique ability and will tell you how they are feeling and what they need from you through their language. When they come to you and act differently than their normal behavior, it might mean that they know something is wrong and they need you for comfort and support. Pay attention to their patterns and take to heart their message. Do Cats Follow Certain Patterns When They Are Nearing Death? When cats are nearing death, they have specific patterns they follow, such as doing things they’ve never done before or hiding more frequently. They might cling to you for comfort when they avoided all attention and love, or they might suddenly withdraw when they used to be very affectionate. They will also eat less or stop grooming themselves, as a way of saying that they aren’t going to live for much longer. They might also be too weak to groom themselves or eat. So, if your cat isn’t eating or grooming itself, you might need to brush its fur or bring food to your buddy. Signs to Look for When Your Cat Is Dying Besides the patterns that your cat shows near its end of life, there are other signs to look for if your cat is dying. Your cat has different ways of communicating its needs to you, and if you pay attention, you’ll be more prepared for your feline friend’s death, as painful as it might be. Many of the patterns and signs are the same, and depending on how often your cat displays them, you may need to take notice. Cats are unpredictable at times and will behave differently from time to time, so watch for the behaviors to happen again and again to be sure. Personality Changes As with humans, the dying process brings about several personality changes or behavioral changes. Vets and other animal experts believe that cats have some sense of their impending death, but they say that cats and dogs are simply following how they feel and using their instinct to protect themselves. A cat near death might display uncharacteristic behavior such as biting and scratching when previously it was very friendly and wouldn’t hurt anyone. Also, a cat that is usually a loner suddenly craves your attention. Non-life threatening illnesses also lead to these changes, so look at the other signs for clues your cat is dying. Appetite Changes A dying cat will often stop eating or drinking water when nearing the end of its life, but other illnesses or infections can cause the same behaviors. It doesn’t necessarily mean that your cat is dying if it skips a meal. However, cats cannot go for more than 48 hours without eating, and if they skip more than three meals, they will need vet care. Cats close to death might be too weak to eat, as their bodies are exhausted from fighting off their illness. Hides More Often When weak and sick, cats instinctively hide to stay away from predators looking for an easy meal. If you notice your cat hiding in closets or behind the couch more often, you’ll want to keep an eye on your cat for other signs and patterns that they are dying. Changes in Grooming Habits When not sleeping, eating, or using the litter box, cats groom themselves and spend many hours keeping themselves clean and tidy. However, if you’ve noticed your cat looking unkempt and dirty, it might be that your cat is too weak to groom itself. If it is too weak, it may also urinate on itself and not bother to move, which is unusual for healthy cats. Clumps of fur might also fall off your cat when cats are dying. Contact your vet if you notice any of these signs or if you suspect your cat has a serious illness. Chances are, your cat will not let you know when it is sick and will only appear sick after it’s gone on too long. Cats are very intuitive creatures and know not only when they are sick but also when other cats or humans are sick or near death. While they most likely don’t understand the concept of death as humans do, they still know when something is wrong and will act accordingly. However, it seems that cats are more in tune with others dying than they are themselves. Cats in nursing homes will sit with residents close to death to support them and care for them. If your cat is near the end of its life, it needs your love and support.
Top 5 Stories of the Terracotta Army In the Slave Society of China, people believed that they would go to the netherworld after death. The nobles would kill their servants as part of a ritual, for receiving the same service and treatment after they died, which was called human sacrifices. When Qin Shihuang unified the Chinese empire at the age of 22, he ordered his subordinates to build a large-scale mausoleum to perfect his afterlife. 1. Pottery Figures Replaced Human Sacrifices Qin Shihuang ordered his prime minister Li Si to collect thousands of young boys and girls bury alive for him. This terrified Li because he knew it would certainly be strongly opposed by the people and might even lead to civil revolt. So he suggested substituting actual human sacrifices with pottery figures. The Emperor thought this made sense and changed his mind. He issued a plan to make a large-scale army with life-sized terracotta warriors and horses. Come Up with An Idea for Making Parts Separately Several days later, after a nationwide search, Li selected hundreds of craftsmen to complete the mission. None of the artisans, however, had ever made life-sized terracotta statues. More than a hundred of them were killed after failing many times. One of the older craftsmen, before his death, told his son to kiln different parts of a body separately and then assemble them to make a complete warrior. This idea succeeded. Using this technique, artisans worked day and night and finally made thousands of terracotta soldiers and horses on schedule. These were later arranged in neat formation and became the magnificent Terracotta Army. It took over 720,000 people to work for 38 years to finish the elaborate construction of Emperor Qin's Mausoleum (including the Terracotta Army). underground terracotta army Underground Terracotta Army 2. Workers Buried Alive After Qin Shihuang died, his son Qin Ershi inherited the throne. Qin Ershi was afraid that the artisans would reveal the secrets of the tomb. He secretly moved the coffin of Qin Shihuang into the mausoleum and held a celebration to reward all those who had participated in the construction for their hard work. The poor workers, however, who had sweated to build the mausoleum, were all fooled by Qin Ershi. As soon as they stepped into the tomb, the entrance closed, and they were imprisoned alive, becoming funerary objects. On excavation of the Terracotta Army, hundreds of skeletons were found in the pits where the terracotta soldiers stand guard. terracotta army Pit 1 Unearthed Terracotta Army 4. Searching for Immortality After unifying China, Qin Shihuang hoped he would be able to rule the country for thousands of generations. Fearing death, however, he became obsessed with finding the “elixir of life”, which would enable him to live forever. He spent enormous resources trying to find the elixir, but there was no such thing. Instead, he ordered thousands of workers to build a luxurious underground palace and the grand Terracotta Army, in order to take with him supreme power to the underworld and create an unrivaled empire in the afterlife. visit terracotta museun Terracotta Warriors Display 5. Flying Wild Goose The precious funerary objects inside the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor led to many legends and tales over thousands of years. One of the most famous was that of the flying goose. According to historical records, after Xiang Yu (项羽, 232–202 BC), autocratic King of the Chu, took over the central Shaanxi plain, he wantonly destroyed the mausoleum and all the ground buildings were burned up in a moment, which was most likely the first and greatest catastrophe suffered by the imperial site. At the time, Xiang Yu had ordered more than 300,000 people to excavate the tomb of Qin Shihuang. When people opened the first gate of the mausoleum and were about to take away the rare treasures inside, a golden goose suddenly flew out southwards. Terracotta Army Tour with Beijing and Shanghai More about Terracotta Army Need Help? Create Your Trip
Gateway to the Classics: Display Item Alfred J. Church A Visitor The day after Cedric's disappearance the Count returned to the island. The prospect before him had not by any means lightened. Britain, conquered, oppressed, protected, for nearly four hundred years, governed sometimes ill and sometimes well, according to the varying characters of the Roman legates, but never allowed to do anything for herself, was not ready at a moment's notice to be independent and stand alone. The Count was much too shrewd a man to hope that she would. Still, even he had not realized how bad things would be; and when he came to see them face to face he felt something like disappointment, and even despair. A man will often make up his mind to the general fact of failure, and yet be almost as much vexed at the details of failure, when it comes, as if he had expected success. The fact was that the Count had found little or no disposition in the native States to take up and carry on the work which he was being compelled to give up. They would make no sacrifices, or even efforts. They refused to work together. Each reckoned on its own chance of escaping the common danger, and would not contribute to the defence that might possibly be wanted for its neighbours, and not for itself. Then jealousies and enmities, hitherto kept in check by the strong hand of a master, began to break out. The cities seemed likely, not only not to combine against Picts and Saxons, but actually to go to war among themselves. The Count felt all the pain that comes to an honest and capable man when he has to face the breaking up of a bad system which he has inherited from predecessors less high principled than himself. It happens very often that revolutions come in the days, not of the worst offenders, but of the men who are making sincere endeavours to do their duty. And so it was with the Count. It was in a very gloomy and depressed condition of mind, therefore, that he returned to the villa. And almost every day brought news of fresh troubles and disasters. Some of the Roman houses scattered through the country had been attacked and burnt of late. Since the central authority had been weakened the Roman residents had sometimes begun to behave in a lawless and oppressive way to their British neighbours, and these were taking their revenge with the cruelty that is always natural to the oppressed. Tragical tales of villas surrounded by infuriated crowds of Britons, of masters and families shut up within the walls, and perishing in the fires that consumed them, were brought to the Count by the scared survivors who had contrived to escape from the general destruction. The Count's personal difficulties were considerable. He had a considerable colony now settled near the villa, and many of its members were helpless and dependent people. The question of feeding them would soon become an urgent one. At present he could use the surplus stores which would no longer be wanted now that his squadron had been so reduced in strength. And there was another question that pressed upon his mind—that of defence. Already he had had to contract his operations. With single pirate vessels, or even small squadrons of two or three, he would be able to deal, but anything stronger would have to be left alone. With the few ships that were left to him it would be madness to run any risk. And what, he could not help thinking, if the Saxons were to attack the villa itself? It had been built as a pleasure residence, and though now fortified as far as circumstances permitted, could not be held against a strong force. Should he continue to occupy, or should he retire to the camp of the Great Harbour, which would at least be a more defensible position? It may easily be imagined that these anxieties, which had been troubling his thoughts during the whole time of his absence, were not relieved when he heard the story of what had happened during his absence. He owed the Saxon more than he could ever repay, for he shuddered to think what would have happened to Carna but for his strength and energy. And apart from this feeling of gratitude, he admired the man's splendid courage and tenacity. He had even come to rely upon him for services of unusual difficulty and danger. And now, to think that he was lost to them by the stupid perversity and jealousy of a set of slaves! The said slaves had a bad time with their master for some days after his return. Good-humoured and kind as he was, yet he was a Roman—in other words, he had inherited the lordly temper of a race which had ruled the world for five hundred years, and any contradiction that thwarted him in one of his serious convictions or purposes, broke through the veneer of refinement and culture that commonly concealed the sterner part of his nature. A Christian master could not crucify an offender—indeed, crucifixion had been long since forbidden by the law—but he had almost unlimited power over life and limb. Life, indeed, the Count was too conscientious a follower of his religion to touch, but he had no scruple about going to the very utmost verge of severity in the use of minor punishments. As for his daughter, she was only too like her father to be any check on his anger, and for the first time in her life Carna found her mediation useless. "Girl," he said to her on one occasion, when she had urged her intercession with tears, "you do not know what mischief these foolish, cowardly knaves have done. One thing I see plainly, that as soon as ever the Saxons know the weakness of the position we shall not be able to hold it any longer. There is nothing to hinder them from coming and burning the whole place over our heads; nothing in the way of fortifications, and certainly nothing in the way of garrison. They did not know all this before, but they are sure to know it soon; and we shall see the consequences before many months are over." In the course of the summer occurred an incident which diverted the Count's attention for a time, though it did not lessen his perplexities. One morning a small trading vessel entered the haven near the villa. Her business, it was found, was to land a stranger, who had bargained for a passage to the island. The trader had come from a port of Western Gaul, and had then taken her passenger on board. Who he was the captain could not say, except that he had the appearance of a Roman gentleman. The day after they had set sail an illness, which had evidently been upon him when he came on board, had increased to such an extent that he had lost consciousness. Two or three days of delirium had been succeeded by stupor; in this condition the unfortunate man still lay. But while still conscious he had written down his destination, and added an appeal to the compassion of his future host. The Count read on the paper which the merchant captain handed to him a few words written in a trembling hand. They ran as follows:— "In case I should not be able to speak for myself, I invoke by these words the compassionate protection of the Count Ælius. Let him not fear to receive me, but believe that I am unfortunate rather than guilty, and that there is between us the tie of a great common affection." The Count did not recognize the stranger, though a dim impression of having seen him before floated across his mind; and there was something in his appearance which agreed with the trading captain's conviction that he was a man of birth and position. In any case Ælius was not one who was inclined to resist such an appeal to his compassion. The stranger, still unconscious, was landed, together with a few effects which were said to belong to him, and at once handed over to the care of Carna. All her diligence and watchfulness as a nurse, and all the skill of the old physician, were wanted before the patient could be brought back to life. For fourteen days he lay hovering on the very verge of death, mostly sunk in a stupor so complete that it was barely possible to perceive either pulse or breath; sometimes muttering in delirium a few broken sentences, of which all that physician and nurse were able to distinguish was that they were certainly Latin, and that they seemed to be verse. It was on the morning of the fifteenth day that there came a change. Carna sat by the window of the sick man's room. It had a southern aspect, and the sunshine came with a softened brilliance through the thick tinted glass, and brought out the exquisite tints of the girl's glossy hair, as she sat bending over the embroidery with which she was employing her nimble, never-idle fingers. "By heaven! another, fairer Proserpine!" said the sick man. The girl turned her head at the sound of the clearly pronounced words which her practised ear distinguished at once from the strained or blurred utterances of delirium. She held up her finger to her lips. "Do not speak," she said; "you have been very ill, and must not tire yourself." "Lady," said the sick man, with a smile, "you must at least let me ask you where I am." "Yes, you shall hear, if you will promise to ask no more questions, but to be content with what you are told. You are with friends, in the island of Vectis, in the house of Ælius, Count of the Saxon Shore. And now be quiet, and don't spoil all our pains by making yourself ill again." She gave him a little broth which was being kept hot by the fire in readiness for the time when he should recover consciousness; and after this had been disposed of, and she had found by feeling his pulse that he was free from fever, a small quantity of well diluted wine. "And now," she said, "you must sleep"—a command which he was ready enough to obey. After this his recovery was rapid. For a time, indeed, the cautious old physician, though he did not forbid conversation, prohibited any reference to business. "You will want, of course," he said, "to tell your story, and to make your plans for the future; that will excite you, and, till you are stronger, may bring about a relapse. Be content for a while with the ladies' company"—Ælia, now that no nursing had to be done, was often with her foster-sister—"the Count will see you when I give permission." And much talk the ladies had with him, and greatly astonished they were at the variety and brilliance of his conversation. He seemed equally familiar with books and men. He had read everything—so at least thought the two girls, who were sufficiently well educated to recognize a full mind when they came across it—he had been everywhere, he had seen everybody. He never boasted of his intimacy with great people, and indeed very seldom mentioned a name, but his allusions showed that he was equally familiar with courts and camps. It would have puzzled more experienced persons than the sisters to guess who this man of the world, who was also a man of letters, could possibly be. At the end of another week the physician removed his prohibition, and the Count, who had hitherto judged it better not to agitate his guest by his presence, now paid a visit to his room. After a few kindly inquiries as to his health, the Count went on, "Understand me, sir, that I have no wish to force any confidence from you. My good fortune gave me the chance of serving you, but it has not given me the right of asking you questions which you might not care to answer. You are welcome to my hospitality as long as you choose to remain here, and you may command my help when you wish to go. But of course, if you care to give me your confidence, it may make the help a great deal more effective." "Yours is a true hospitality," answered the stranger, with a smile, "but it is right that you should know who I am, and how I came to be here; and I have only been waiting for the good Strabo's leave to tell you. But may your daughter and her sister be present? I have a sad story to relate, but there is nothing in it which is unfit for them to hear, and they have been good enough to show some interest in an unhappy man." "They shall come, if you wish it," said the Count, "indeed they have been almost dying of curiosity." It was to this audience that the stranger told his story.
All you Need to Know about 5G and its importance in our technology evolution Updated: Mar 9, 2021 5G is the fifth generation technology standard for cellular networks, Every new generation of wireless networks deliveries faster speed and more functionalities to our Mobile phones, • 1G: Brought us to our every first Mobile phone, • 2G: Made us Text for the first time. • 3G: Brought us Online. • 4G: Delivered the speed that we enjoy today. But as more users come online 4G just about reached what they are capable of at a time where users want more data on their phones, Now it’s time for the 5G, It will be able to handle a thousand times more traffic than today’s networks and ten times faster than 4G, Just imagine you can download HD movie in less than ONE Second. 5G should be the foundation of virtual reality, Autonomous driving or Self-driving, remote surgery and stuff you can’t imagine yet. For Example in January 2019 China performed the world's first 5G remote surgery on a lab animal. What 5G Actually is? There are 5 brand new technologies emerging as the foundation of 5G. 1. Millimeter Waves: your Smart Phone and other electronic devices at your home use specific frequency on the radio frequency spectrum which is under 6GHz but they are getting crowded, So the solution is to open more frequencies, Researchers are experimenting on shorter Millimeter Waves which falls between 30GHz to 300GHz but the problem is that these type of waves can’t travel well through buildings, obstacles and they tend to be absorbed by trees and rain. To get around this problem we will need the second technology. 2. Small Cell: Today’s wireless networks relay ton large high power cell networks to broadcast their signals to long distances but remember higher frequencies millimeter having harder time travelling through obstacles which means if you move behind one you lose your signal, Small Cell networks will solve that problem using thousands of low power mini base stations, These base stations will be much closer together than traditional towers. 3. Massive MIMO: MIMO Stands for “Multiple Input Multiple Output”, Today’s 4G base station have about a dozen ports for antinas the handle all cellular traffic but Massive MIMO base station will support about a hundred ports which means it can increase our today’s capacity to 22 or more but of course it have it’s own down side which is due to the massive number of waves it will cause interference that's why we need the fourth technology. 4. Beamforming: it’s like a traffic signalling system for Cellular signals instead of broadcasting in every direction it will allow the base station to send a focus stream of data to a specific user, its precision prevents interference and is way more efficient that means a station can handle more incoming and outgoing data streams. 5. Full Duplex: Today's base stations and Mobile phones rely on transceivers that must take turns if transmitting and receiving information over the same frequency, or operate on different frequencies if a user wishes to transmit and receive information at the same time. With 5G, a transceiver will be able to transmit and receive data at the same time, on the same frequency. How to get 5G? First, you Need to make sure that your area has a 5G signal, There actually only four major mobile networks in the UK, but there are several additional options that use branded services that piggyback off of the big four. You can simply check your coverage. Vodafone: launched its 5G network on July 3rd , 2019 and became the second mobile operator to launch 5G in the UK. EE: launched its 5G network on May 30th, 2019 and became the first mobile operator to launch 5G in the UK. O2: launched its 5G network on October 17th, 2019. Three: launched its 5G network on February, 2020. Second, You need to make sure that your device supports 5G, a lot of Mobile phone companies like Samsung, Huawei, Xiaomi, TLC, Oneplus and Oppo. Here are the Most affordable devices, Samsung Galaxy A90 Xiaomi Mi Note 10 Oneplus 8 OPPO Find X2 Lite
Picmonic NCLEX® Question of the Day A 6-year-old boy is in the ER presenting with nausea and vomiting. His father reported that the boy has been having seizures. During the assessment, the nurse notes purpura and a positive Brudzinski's sign. What would indicate a positive Brudzinski's sign? Pain limits passive extension of the knee when lying supine with the hip and knee flexed at 90 degrees. Arms are stiffly extended, adducted, and hyperpronated with plantar flexion of feet. Flexion at the hip elicits severe back pain. Flexion of the neck causes involuntary flexion of the knee and hip. It's worth every penny Our Story Mnemonics Increase Mastery and Retention Memorize facts with phonetic mnemonics Over 1,270,000 students use Picmonic’s picture mnemonics to improve knowledge, retention, and exam performance. Works better than traditional Registered Nurse (RN) flashcards.
Food Production & HPC: Understanding Plant Growth From Above & Below Food Production Kaiyu Guan (shown) and Katherine Evans help grow the future today with HPC. Applying Ones and Zeros to Fields and Farms From Thomas Malthus in the 18th century to Paul Ehrlich in the 1960s, people have long feared that population would outstrip the planet’s capacity to feed people. What has kept those predictions at bay has been technology—not only in the soil, but more recently in the field of high-performance computing (HPC). To learn where the frontier stands, I spoke to two leading researchers who are working to apply ones and zeroes to fields and farms. Both use HPC to tackle previously insurmountable challenges of scaling: For one of the researchers in the interview below, that means taking data at the resolution level of a single local corn field and modeling it to apply across entire growing regions. For the other, it means creating the ability to make long-term determinations about climate with the same granular specificity that traditionally applies only to short-term weather. Kate EvansKatherine (Kate) Evans is the Acting Division Director of the Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, and the group leader for Computational Earth Sciences, at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in Tennessee. She leads efforts to improve earth system model (ESM) evaluation techniques for the large-scale, long-term climate trends that shape food production. As part of ORNL, Evans and her team are users of Summit—currently the world’s fastest supercomputer—which uses more than 27,000 GPUs and more than 9,000 CPUs to take on AI tasks of unprecedented size and complexity. Kaiyu GuanKaiyu Guan is a Blue Waters Assistant Professor in ecohydrology and remote sensing in the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences (NRES), College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences (ACES) at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. His title reflects his biggest tool: the Blue Waters petascale supercomputer he and his colleagues use to enhance the power of satellite data and process-based models to provide real-time information on the health and yield of agricultural fields. Michela: Can you give us an overview of your work and how it relates to food production? Kate: My group uses Summit, the largest computer in the world, to develop, execute and analyze large scale coupled earth system models. These are the largest, most complicated models, used for all kinds of predictions and data analysis, including of climate change. The models for weather and climate are similar, but they run differently. Weather models can use finer spatial resolutions because they only simulate about 10 days forward. Climate models, on the other hand, need to simulate the earth over tens to hundreds of years. So we can’t operationally run with the same resolution as weather—but with this computer, we can run climate models with such fine scales that we’re basically able to resolve weather features and extremes over climate length scales. Kaiyu: Our work starts with satellite data that contain visible, near-visible, thermal, and microwave electromagnetic readings from crops as they grow. These observational data help constrain our simulation models, so that we can also infer what’s going below ground, such as soil moisture and available nitrogen in the soil. To make a real-world impact, we have to go down to each field and even sub-field scales to provide actionable information for farmers. And we are not doing it for one field, but all the fields in a region, for example, the whole U.S. Corn Belt. So supercomputers are the necessary tools to allow us go to field-scale modeling and also scale up to the continental scales. Using this computational power, we have the ability to monitor and virtually model individual fields and play what-if scenarios to assess various farmers’ practices, such as irrigation, nitrogen fertilizer application, and the use of cover crops [off-season plantings used to manage soil quality]. Michela: What are some of the specific techniques you’re using and results you’re achieving? Kate: One example that’s near and dear to my heart is atmospheric blocking. Sometimes the jet stream becomes diverted for various meteorological reasons. That’s called blocked flow, and it moves typical weather patterns—if you’re in one location, you’ll get extra rain, and if you’re in another location, you’ll get droughts. If you’re able to predict block formation using weather models, that’s good information. But if you can capture their behavior on a climate scale, you can examine trends, for example how often will these blocks occur. Let me give you an example of how that can apply to food production. One of our graduate students, Deeksha Rastogi, is using these models to research apple trees. They need so many cold days to be dormant, and then they need so many cool days to get the buds going, and so forth. All those processes require certain types of weather over a season. We’ve taken the data from our high-resolution climate models and applied it over the United States to look at current and future potential changes to the kind of weather that apple trees need to thrive. And this type of analysis can be applied to any kind of agricultural product. It’s showing how the changing patterns of a region in terms of weather transmits to the climate scale in terms of what’s going to happen to impact long-term agricultural plans. Kaiyu: Our technology can tell you things such as how much water is in your field. We can use near-IR readings to track the chlorophyll and nitrogen content in the leaves, or measure solar-induced fluorescence that is an indicator of plant photosynthesis, or gauge the canopy temperature to see whether the corn plants are water-stressed. Indicators like that can tell you how much irrigation or nitrogen fertilizer you need to put on the field, and those decisions can help growers increase yield and produce more food. For policymakers, it can also help drive sustainability by detecting excess water or fertilizer use. Michela: How does HPC contribute to making results like that possible? Kate: Different agricultural products all require different bits of information. That’s why it’s important for our models to be developed on these big computers because you need a model that can do a little bit of everything. If you had the largest computer that you could in the world—which we do!—what could you do that you couldn’t before? Models are never perfect. They’re always some degree of simplification of what the earth is actually doing. But the larger the computer you have, the fewer of those approximations you have to make. I think of high performance computing as a way to answer questions that we couldn’t using any other platform. Kaiyu: Modeling for one field is already a pretty complicated job. To do it for the whole Corn Belt, you need a supercomputer. Looking at the entire Corn Belt this way, at the resolution that lets you measure individual fields, is a totally different question. The reason HPC and Blue Waters makes our work possible is scale—the number of nodes we can employ at one time. We tend to use thousands of nodes at one time for much of our work. Michela: What’s one thing about HPC and agriculture that would surprise the average person? Kate: A lot of what HPC does is drive the next generation of regular computing. What’s happening now at the Summit scale is going to soon be something we see on our desktops and eventually in our iPhones. My iPhone is what we used to have in a supercomputer here at Oak Ridge many years back. It always trickles down over time. In agriculture, that means what is cutting edge now on Summit will eventually lead to multiple studies of agriculture and climate change using a growing number of computing systems that are more widely accessible. With that, we’ll be able to use models like ours to better adjust which crops would go where in the future. We’ll use improved data to better adjust the yield. Kaiyu: People know the visible spectrum can show us things such as leaf area and biomass. Using those metrics, we can make inferences about things like photosynthesis, evaporative transpiration, or the yield. But the grain to be harvested, in this case the corn cob, is below the leaf canopy and not visible from above. People may be surprised to learn the remote sensing data we use goes beyond the visible spectrum to show us other indications using near-infrared and microwave data. For example, microwave data can penetrate the canopy and even the soil the help measure moisture in real time. Michela: Can you give us a glimpse around the corner at what the future might hold in each of your respective fields? Kate: I think there’ll be more connections to air quality. So we will look at not just the effects of carbon dioxide, but other chemicals in the air. We’re also going to be much more data driven in our models, and that will allow us to incorporate more effects at scale than we couldn’t capture before, say for example, very high-resolution precipitation. Rain and snow are really hard to forecast, and that’s critically important for agriculture. Kaiyu: One of our frontiers is communication. Right now we’re working with Illinois Corn Growers’ Association and Illinois Farm Bureau to build the channels that can get this information into the hands of growers who can put it to use. Eventually, we’d like to see growers across the entire Corn Belt able to freely access this real-time tracking information about their own fields through an established infrastructure. We’d also like to expand the application of these techniques to other parts of the world, such as South America or Africa, and into other crop areas, such as wheat, cotton, or potatoes. Our vision is for a farmer to be able use a smartphone app anywhere in the world to have this information in an efficient way. Michela Taufer, PhD, General Chair, SC19 SC19 logo Back To Top Button
Weather Maps Spain Weather Maps Spain Valencia Weather Accuweather forecast for Vc Weather Maps Spain Valencia Weather Accuweather forecast for Vc Spain (Spanish: Espaa [espaa] (About this soundlisten)), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Reino de Espaa), is a country mostly located in Europe. Its continental European territory is situated on the Iberian Peninsula. Its territory also includes two archipelagoes: the Canary Islands off the coast of Africa, and the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea. The African enclaves of Ceuta, Melilla, and Pen de Vlez de la Gomera make Spain the single-handedly European country to have a visceral attach next an African country (Morocco). Several little islands in the Alboran Sea are plus ration of Spanish territory. The country’s mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary similar to Gibraltar; to the north and northeast by France, Andorra, and the recess of Biscay; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean. Modern humans first arrived in the Iberian Peninsula as regards 35,000 years ago. Iberian cultures along in the manner of ancient Phoenician, Greek, Celtic and Carthaginian settlements developed upon the peninsula until it came under Roman regard as being approximately 200 BCE, after which the region was named Hispania, based upon the earlier Phoenician read out Sp(a)n or Spania. At the stop of the Western Roman Empire the Germanic tribal confederations migrated from Central Europe, invaded the Iberian peninsula and traditional relatively independent realms in its western provinces, including the Suebi, Alans and Vandals. Eventually, the Visigoths would forcibly join together every surviving independent territories in the peninsula, including Byzantine provinces, into the Kingdom of Toledo, which more or less unified politically, ecclesiastically and legally all the former Roman provinces or successor kingdoms of what was after that documented as Hispania. In the to the front eighth century the Visigothic Kingdom fell to the Moors of the Umayyad Islamic Caliphate, who arrived to declare most of the peninsula in the year 726, leaving behind only a handful of small Christian realms in the north and lasting happening to seven centuries in the Kingdom of Granada. This led to many wars during a long reconquering grow old across the Iberian Peninsula, which led to the initiation of Kingdom of Leon, Kingdom of Castille, Kingdom of Aragon and Kingdom of Navarre as the main Christian kingdoms to slant the invasion. behind the Moorish conquest, Europeans began a gradual process of retaking the region known as the Reconquista, which by the tardy 15th century culminated in the emergence of Spain as a unified country below the Catholic Monarchs. In the in front broadminded period, Spain became the world’s first global empire and the most powerful country in the world, desertion a large cultural and linguistic legacy that includes +570 million Hispanophones, making Spanish the world’s second-most spoken original language, after Mandarin Chinese. During the Golden Age there were with many advancements in the arts, in the manner of world-famous painters such as Diego Velzquez. The most famous Spanish school work, Don Quixote, was after that published during the Golden Age. Spain hosts the world’s third-largest number of UNESCO World origin Sites. Spain is a secular parliamentary democracy and a parliamentary monarchy, following King Felipe VI as head of state. It is a major developed country and a high pension country, next the world’s fourteenth largest economy by nominal GDP and sixteenth largest by purchasing facility parity. It is a enthusiast of the associated Nations (UN), the European devotion (EU), the Eurozone, the Council of Europe (CoE), the management of Ibero-American States (OEI), the linkage for the Mediterranean, the North Atlantic agreement giving out (NATO), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and press forward (OECD), organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), the Schengen Area, the World Trade organization (WTO) and many additional international organisations. though not an credited member, Spain has a “Permanent Invitation” to the G20 summits, participating in every summit, which makes Spain a de facto advocate of the group. Weather Maps Spain has a variety pictures that similar to locate out the most recent pictures of Weather Maps Spain here, and plus you can get the pictures through our best weather maps spain collection. Weather Maps Spain pictures in here are posted and uploaded by for your weather maps spain images collection. 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This web is made to point your unfinished room into a usefully usable room in handily a brief amount of time. so lets endure a better regard as being exactly what the weather maps spain. is anything virtually and exactly what it can possibly get for you. in the same way as making an beautification to an existing residence it is difficult to manufacture a well-resolved press forward if the existing type and design have not been taken into consideration. weather radar on the app store weather radar on the app store spain weather map weather forecast com the spain weather map below shows the weather forecast for the next 10 days control the animation using the slide bar found beneath the weather map select from the other forecast maps on the right to view the temperature cloud cover wind and precipitation for this country on a large scale with animation you can also get the latest temperature weather and wind observations from actual weather stations under the live weather section overview spain forecast maps weather forecast this website uses cookies read about how we use cookies ok comments membership info register new login spain enhanced weather satellite map accuweather com spain satellite this map displays the infrared band of light and show relative warmth of objects infrared imagery is useful for determining clouds both at day and night spainweather weather forecast current weather data and forecast for spain detailed forecast for today wednesday move regulator for desired time weather spain 14 day forecast theweather com weather spain 14 day forecast updated weather maps spain weather maps for all of the regions in spain 14 day forecast for spain spain weather accuweather com get the spain weather forecast access hourly 10 day and 15 day forecasts along with up to the minute reports and videos from accuweather com spain google my maps info about barcelona valencia murcia malaga sevilla cordoba madrid granada mallorca bilbao cadiz santander alicante jerez san sebastian zaragoza toledo infrared satellite images of europe clouds in sat24 com weather in europe satellite infrared weather europe weather forecast rainfall clouds sun in europe watch the infrared imagery for the evening and night source sat24 com weather europe satellite weather europe weather forecast weather europe satellite weather europe weather forecast rainfall clouds sun in europe source sat24 com bbc weather latest weather conditions and forecasts for the uk and the world includes up to 14 days of hourly forecast information warnings maps and the latest editorial analysis and videos from the bbc
Much debate always ensues when it comes to determining whether what someone does online is lawful or not. Enter cyber law, which may differ in scale from country to country. But what is cyber law exactly? What Is Cyber Law? Cyber law, also referred to as “cybercrime law,” is legislation that tells people what technology uses are acceptable. The technology, in this case, includes computer hardware and software, the Internet, and networks. Cyber law protects users from harm by allowing law enforcers to investigate and prosecute illegal online activity. It applies to individuals, groups, the public, governments, and private organizations. What Crimes Does Cyber Law Apply To? The various online crimes that cyber law applies to include all forms of cybercrime, such as fraud, forgery, money laundering, and other illegal activities meant to obtain profit performed via computers, the Internet, and networks. It also applies to targeted attacks that are typically meant to disrupt a country’s political stability. Cybercrime and targeted attacks include those performed in the physical world but enabled by computers, the Internet, and networks. An example would be using the Internet to distribute illegal substances. Theft of intellectual property stored in a computer system, even if performed physically (e.g., by transferring confidential files from a corporate network onto an external disk drive), is also considered a cybercrime. Do Cyber Laws Differ from Country to Country? The quick answer is yes. The latest data from the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) reveals that 79% of the countries worldwide have cyber laws. Around 5% have draft legislation, 13% do not have any cyber laws, and 2% did not disclose any information. A list of these countries can be found on the UNCTAD Cybercrime Legislation Worldwide page. In general, national cyber laws get added to penal codes. Some countries, meanwhile, just amended existing federal regulations with legislative language about cybercrime. Do Some Cyber Laws Transcend National Boundaries? Again, the quick answer would be yes. An example of this would be the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) that applies to not only the country members of the European Union (EU) but all EU citizens wherever they may be residing. The GDPR thus applies to a German citizen living in the U.S. That means that companies that have his/her personal information on hand can only share this with others if he/she gives express permission. Any violation would be considered a data breach against the said German national. Are Cyber Laws Easy to Implement? Due to the global nature of the Internet, meaning you can’t really pin down which country has jurisdiction over the attackers who may be operating in various locations, it is quite challenging to implement cyber laws. Even just in Europe, where legal frameworks vary from one country to another, making cross-border cybercrime investigation and prosecution effective is already extremely challenging. These differences lie on which actions are considered criminal offenses and how investigations should be conducted. Each country may have its own way of collecting electronic evidence and monitoring illegal activities online. That said, evidence gathered in one way in say, Germany, may not be admissible in a court in the Netherlands. This issue has, in fact, resulted in the clamor for a common global legal framework or at least rules to employ international cooperation in cybercrime investigations. According to security experts, this is the only way to ease the burden on investigators and law enforcement agents when dealing with large-scale cyber attacks that span multiple nations or even continents. What Multinational Organizations Help Enforce Cyber Laws? One of the more popular organizations that aid national law enforcement agencies in cybercrime investigations is the International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL). The agency has a cybercrime investigation unit that focuses on tracking down crimes related to spreading malicious domains, ransomware, data-harvesting and malware; engaging in botnet-related activity and cryptojacking; and hiding in the darknet to proliferate cybercrime as a service (CaaS). While most countries worldwide already implement some form of cyber law, cybercrime investigations and litigations remain slow. If we are to listen to security experts’ views, is it time for nations to come together and create a global set of cyber laws? A Global Set of Cyber Laws Can Deter Cybercrime. Loading ... Loading ...
The tiger is the largest cat in the world. Some subspecies are bigger than others, but most surpass the size of other felines, including the lion. You probably knew this, but if you want to know the basic facts about the national animal of India and Bangladesh, read carefully: 1. All types of tigers are part of the same species, but there are six subspecies still alive. – Siberian tiger. – Bengal tiger. – Malayan tiger. – Indochinese tiger. – South China tiger. – Sumatran tiger. 2.- Tigers belong to the taxonomic order Carnivora, the family Felidae and the genus Panthera. 3.- They are solitary animals that only meet in mating season or very specific situations. 4. Three out of the nine subspecies of tigers living in the world at the beginning of the 20th century are already extinct. 5. Three out of the six extant subspecies of tigers have a conservation status as critically endangered species. 6. All subspecies of tigers are extremely territorial. 7.-Tigers feed on several animals, but they prefer ungulates. 8.- Tiger can jump up to 33 feet in a single leap. 9. Each tiger has a unique skin pattern. The coat pattern of each specimen is different; this means that the dark stripes are in such way that there are not two identical designs. This method is one of the easiest ways to identify individuals. 10. The stripes on their coat have the purpose of camouflaging the Tigers with their natural environment so they can sneak up on prey. 11.- Their vision in the dark is about six times better than that of humans. 12. Tigers can consume up to 40 kilograms of meat in a single meal, but they usually eat a smaller amount. 13.- The largest subspecies in the wild is the Bengal tiger. The largest subspecies recorded in captivity is the Siberian tiger. 14.- White tigers are not a subspecies, but only specimens whose coloration is due to an alteration of the pigment gene. They are extremely rare in the wild because both parents must have the mutated gene to produce white offspring; This is the reason why white tigers are more likely to develop severe health problems as well as physical deformities than the regular ones. 15.- Tigers are very territorial and defend their area. However, the territory of some females may overlap. 16.-The most endangered tiger subspecies is the South China tiger. The only specimens alive are in captivity. 17.-All tigers subspecies are threatened. The species Panthera tigris is in danger of extinction. 18. In the 20th century, three subspecies of tigers became extinct: the Javan tiger, the Caspian tiger, and the Bali tiger. 19.- Tigers reach running speeds between 49 and 65 km/h for short periods. 20.- Their roars can be heard at a distance of 3 kilometers or even more. 21.- The tiger distribution includes about 13 Asian countries. 22.- Besides being the national animal of India and Bangladesh, it is also from Vietnam, Malaysia, and South Korea. 23.- Tigers are solitary-but-social creatures. They spend most of the time alone except during the times for mating or in the case of females when raising their offspring. 24.- The word “Tiger” means arrow. The word tiger comes from the Greek word “Tigris,” which has its origin in a Persian word that means arrow. 25.- The oldest ancestors of these cats date back 2 million years old. The oldest fossils found in China of the first Tigers a are about that old. 26.- There is a small population of Bengal tigers, but it gets worse than this. Only around 2,000 Bengal tigers live today in the Indian subcontinent. However, it is the subspecies with the largest population. 27.- Hybrid Tigers. The “Liger” is the result of interbreeding between a male lion and a tigress while a “Tigon” comes from a female lion and a male tiger. Most of the time the males of these two hybrids are sterile, but the females can breed successfully.Malayan Tiger drinking water_400 28.- Blue Tigers. The Maltese or Blue Tiger has a black and blue coat coloration similar to gray-bluish of the Maltese cats which gave them their name. They are not a subspecies but a genetic mutation of the South China Subspecies, which is the most critically endangered subspecies. 29.- Tigers have to struggle for food. It may surprise you that these skilled hunters only make one kill out of every 20 attempts. 30.- Tigers are excellent swimmers. Contrasting most cats, they like water and spend some time during the day relaxing in ponds, streams, and rivers to cool off during hot days, and they can swim pretty fine and are even capable of catching or carrying prey through the water. 31.- Some Tigers are human killers. Tigers have killed people more than any other cat in the world, but the continuous invasion of their habitat and the fact that they inhabit one of the most populated areas in the world are factors to consider on their behalf. 32.- Some Tigers are famous. Tigger from Winnie the Pooh series is one of the most recognized tigers in the world. Millions of dollars are made annually from the sales of toys, games, and shows featuring this character. 33.- Tigers are beloved. The tiger was named the favorite animal of people through a poll conducted by Animal Planet a few years ago. The dog was the animal closest to this top ranking. 34.- Tiger size depends on its habitat. Tigers living in the North are larger than those in the South because they have a broader range of habitat and larger prey available. Tigers in the North have lighter coat coloring than those living in the South. 35.- There is sexual dimorphism in Tigers as females are smaller than males. 36.- According to WWF, there are 5,000 specimens in captivity only in the U.S. A number 25% larger than the population of tigers in the wild.
What is a Drum Roaster? Drum Roaster: everything you need to know about coffee One of the most common ways to roast coffee beans is by roasting the beans in a drum. Not a drum that you would find in a band, but a drum specifically made for roasting coffee. In this type of roasting, coffee beans are placed in a cylinder-shaped chamber, known as a drum. As the drum spins, with the coffee beans inside, the coffee beans are evenly roasted. Using either an open flame underneath, gas, electricity, or wood, the beans become roasted on all sides. By turning the drum consistently, this ensures that all the coffee beans get roasted without having some roasted more than others. Since coffee beans cannot be consumed in their raw form, they need to be chemically and physically broken down before they are distributed to producers, a process known as coffee roasting. There are many different methods to roast coffee beans, (with drum roasting and hot-air roasting being the most common) and many different levels of roasted coffee as well (light, medium, and dark). The roasting process is what gives the coffee its bold and robust flavor. Depending on the roasting method that was used, the flavor of the coffee can be altered drastically. For mild coffee, a light roast coffee should be used, whereas for strong coffee a dark roast should be used. Not only does coffee roasting change the flavor of the coffee, but it also changes the acidity, aroma, taste, and caffeine levels of the coffee. If you are unsure which type of roasted coffee is best for you, start with a light roast and make your way up if you find that it isn’t strong enough. How does a drum coffee roaster work? The drum roaster is a way to turn the original coffee beans, from their green-like shell to the coffee beans we all know and love. This method helps bring the beans to their natural potent form, leaving the raw material behind. The cylinder that is used for a drum roaster is placed horizontally so that the coffee beans can rotate easily and roast all around. In most cases of a drum roaster, the flame (or heat) is placed underneath the chamber so that it can roast the beans as they tumble over it. Very rarely will a drum roaster use a direct-fire roaster to roast the beans. A direct-fire roaster is where the flame comes in contact with the coffee beans themselves since it is placed inside the chamber itself. Being directly in the chamber allows the flame to roast the coffee beans almost immediately. Try Waka Coffee today. Get it here.
Keyword Analysis & Research: explosion synonym Keyword Analysis Keyword Research: People who searched explosion synonym also searched Frequently Asked Questions What is a word for explosion? A sudden and rapid combustion, causing violent expansion of the air, and accompanied by a report. The word “explosion” is variously used in ordinary speech, and is not one that admits of exact definition. What is the definition of explosion? an act or instance of exploding; a violent expansion or bursting with noise, as of gunpowder or a boiler (opposed to implosion). the noise itself: The loud explosion woke them. a violent outburst, as of laughter or anger. Search Results related to explosion synonym on Search Engine
Beit Midrash • Family and Society • A Nation and its Halachot To dedicate this lesson Climate Change Rabbi Berel Wein Nissan 5768 The recent furor over the chametz court ruling and subsequent attempt to legislate the ban on displaying publicly chametz on Pesach points out to me an issue that is far different and deeper than the relatively narrow (though vastly important) one of chametz itself. That issue is one of climate change - not the weather but rather the mindset of secular Israeli society, our courts and governmental systems. Observance of traditional laws and rituals is a personal matter and always has been a personal matter. The Talmud taught us long ago that "all things may be in the hands of Heaven except for the fear of Heaven itself." Judaism is grounded and based on the supreme idea that humans have free will and the power to choose without heavenly coercion one’s actions, behavior and belief according to one’s own lights. However, since no person is an island unto one’s self and we all live in a general society that surrounds us, there are certain norms that prevail that govern and therefore to an extent restrict our behavior and choices. Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes in a famous United States Supreme Court decision on the issue of freedom of speech opined that no one has the right to shout "fire" in a crowded theater when in fact no fire is present. There is a certain mindset, a climate of civility and accepted respectfulness that rules a society. Now naturally over time and circumstance this climate and mindset may and does change. The question is whether this change is warranted and beneficial to the society or is it merely divisive, temporary and eventually destructive to society in its nature. Not every climate change can be seen as being beneficial. There were certain norms of respect that once governed Israeli society, even though that society was perhaps even more secular in lack of observance and in its anti-religious ideology than it is today. Marxism was a powerful influence in the Jewish world then as was its attendant atheism. Nevertheless there was a general consensus of a modicum of respect towards traditional Jewish norms that prevailed. Maybe it was nostalgia or just good hardheaded common sense that the climate in the country marked Yom Kippur without traffic, Pesach without public displays of chametz, Tisha B’Av without restaurants being open for business. Such was the climate of the times - not one of religious observance but rather one of respect for Jewish history and tradition and for the great section of Israeli society who held these concepts and observances dear. But the estrangement of Israeli society to this type of public climate has been taking place gradually over the past few decades. Respect for tradition and knowledge of the Jewish past are certainly not emphasized and in many cases not even taught in the Israeli public educational system. Religious Jews are demonized, albeit subtly but nevertheless constantly, in the main media channels. Sensitivities to neighbors and fellow citizens have become non-existent. Public Shabat desecration abounds and no one takes into account the damage, spiritual, social, and generational that springs from this. The climate has changed - no respect for tradition or our past or for the sensitivities of a large and ever growing section of Israeli society is present. So it is not the individual issue of public display chametz on Pesach that is so hurtful. It is rather the indication of how severely the climate regarding Jewish tradition has changed. There are many Jews who are not observant but who nevertheless respect the prohibition of chametz on Pesach. The court’s ill-advised decision, which concentrates on the legal tree in front of it and does not take into account the general societal forest that exists, weakens the public’s resolve of respect for tradition and sensitivity to generations and other sections of society. If chametz on Pesach would be a Christian or Moslem religious tenet I am confident that the court would have ruled otherwise. It is ironic in the extreme that in the Jewish state, Judaism is the least respected of all religions. Unless that public climate is now changed through education, political leadership and common sense good will there will be further divisiveness, erosion of respect for one another and a greater atmosphere of social discontent than what exists already. We worry about and debate the problem of environmental climate change - global warming - endlessly. But certainly not enough attention is being paid to the social and spiritual climate change that is so dangerous to the homogeneity of Israeli society and to its unity and future destiny. Global warming may be a climate change that defies our attempts to govern it. But our social climate change is certainly subject to rectification and improvement. את המידע הדפסתי באמצעות אתר
Poisoning with products of burning and smoke first The symptoms and first aid for poisoning with burning products Annually in the world dies a lot of people who get poisoned by combustion products. This is due to the burning of large areas of forest or peat bogs, and also because of fires in private homes and apartments. In autumn, you can get poisoned by the smoke from the leaves that firing negligent owners. The smoke from the leaves not only pollute the atmosphere but also strongly poisons the human body. Of particular danger causing long smoldering items. Why herbs smoke Fires poisonings occur due to the penetration into the body of the smoke through the respiratory system. Acute toxicity provoked two substances contained in the combustion products: 1. Carbon monoxide. 2. Hydrogen cyanide. The presence of cyanide in the smoke is because it is in almost all building materials. Carbon monoxide takes locks of hemoglobin, due to this impaired oxygen delivery to different organs, occurs oxygen starvation. Cyanide blocks the metabolism in the soft tissues and the supply of oxygen to cells. The combustion of any materials emit harmful gases that interact with water to form caustic reagents – nitric and sulfuric acid, and ammonia. These compounds cause chemical burns of the membranes of the respiratory system, damage to parts of the bronchi and accumulation of fluid in the lung tissue. If you extinguish the fire by using fire extinguishers, the air there is highly toxic phosgene gas, which is released during the interaction of hot surfaces with the contents of fire extinguishers. Is it possible smoke inhalation from a fire Some people wonder, is it possible smoke inhalation from ordinary fire? Interestingly, the smoke coming from the fire, in the same way hazardous as cigarette smoke. If you have to constantly fire to cook food, in the body every day, comes this volume of resin that fits smoked two packs of cigarettes. Particularly prone to intoxication from smoke pregnant women and children, they are prone to diseases of the respiratory organs. Prolonged exposure to products of combustion on the body of a pregnant woman leads to the birth of a sick child. READ System chimenea organism by the method Semenova If you burn garbage, dry grass or fallen leaves, it carries a great danger to others. The garbage contains a large number of plastic containers, construction waste and dry vegetation, the particles of gasoline or diesel fuel. Moisture toxic substances contained in the smoke particles combine with moisture and hanging in the air, and then settle in the respiratory tract of a person. If during the process of cooking burnt meat or fish dish, a poisoning with burning products is due to the mixture of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. When burning plastic, foam, rubber, paint tools, plywood, stand phosgene, cyanide, and dioxin. These combustion products contribute to the early cancer and severe allergic reactions. Signs of intoxication by the products of combustion Symptoms of poisoning with burning products are such pathological changes in the body: • extreme weakness that grows with every minute; • a feeling of heaviness in the head; • pain in the temples; • redness of the skin on the face and neck; • the severity of breathing; • palpitations; • noise in the ears; • pain in muscles and joints; • lethargy and drowsiness; • vomiting and fainting. In cases of poisoning by combustion products, which are in the smoke, the symptoms can manifest themselves in a few hours, but the dangerous phenomenon is growing quickly and pose a threat to life and health. Toxic gases can irritate the larynx and bronchi that is accompanied by a persistent cough. For days after smoke inhalation affected skin take bluish color begins shortness of breath and edema of the lungs. If the degree of poisoning by smoke is very heavy, breathing the victim of superficial and severe, cramps quickly, there is a failure of the cardiovascular system. Observed involuntary leakage of urine. Death occurs from paralysis respiratory and cardiac arrest. READ Harm and benefits of non-alcoholic beer With extensive fires in the forest the residents of the adjacent human settlements suffer from common ailments, disorders of the heart and heaviness of breathing, all of this leads to a strong smoke. In the case of fire detection it is necessary to call the fire Department! Emergency assistance The life of the victim from the smoke depends on provided first aid. Immediately call the medical team, and before their arrival carry out activities listed below: • The victim is removed or carried to the street, placed on a bench or the ground. Loosen all tight clothing and belt, if necessary, they can break and cut. • If the patient is conscious, give him strong sweet tea. • To accelerate the removal of toxins give adsorbents, previously dissolved in a small volume of water – APSCO, POLYSORB activated carbon. • When the fainting give to smell ammonia, a tampon soaked in this remedy, wipe whiskey. • Make sure to clean the mouth and nose, if there seen vomit, remove them with a handkerchief. • If the person is unconscious, it is placed on a side prevents the tongue. • Check pulse in the area of the carotid artery. • If breathing and heartbeat are absent, carried out resuscitation. • If a person freezes, it is possible to attach the limbs warmer. Trying to warm the victim, care must be taken, as pain sensitivity of the patient is reduced. The Protocol further treatment of the victim from the combustion products is determined by the doctor only after a careful examination. After placing the hospital give the patient plenty of breathing pure oxygen, which helps to displace carbon dioxide from the body. If poisoning is too severe then demonstrates the use of hyperbaric chambers with good oxygen pressure. Is the treatment of the individual symptoms and if necessary, apply: 1. Hormones. 2. Antidotes. 3. Means to improve heart function. 4. Complexes of vitamins. READ Sodium fluoride and fluoride in toothpaste: benefits and harms The victim is shown at rest, it is required to protect from anxiety and negative emotions. The prevention of poisoning by combustion products To avoid poisoning by tobacco smoke will help complete rejection of Smoking and the fight against this addiction amongst family and friends. Do not smoke of cigarettes, hookahs and other devices, which are filled with tobacco. You need to remember that Smoking is harmful for the smoker and his entourage. Especially smokers need to think about the health of children who breathe cigarette smoke, they have this firmly reduced immunity. In addition, you must avoid places in which strong smoke. But if I had to be in place, saturated with combustion products, need to know what you are doing in this case for the protection of respiratory organs: • use respirators and gas masks; • close your mouth and nose a dampened cloth, on which are deposited harmful substances; • carry out a quick exit from the zone of smoke. Leave the area of the smoke have on my knees or on all fours, the smoke rises up, so the bottom of harmful substances less. Intoxication by the products of combustion can occur in the most ordinary situations, for example, when frying kebabs on the nature. To avoid this, you need to observe basic safety rules that will help to eliminate smoke from getting into the body.
Project Management Phases: Getting a project done, especially one that involves considerable resources and personnel requires effective planning and oversight. It takes more than just establishing a hierarchy of management to oversee such endeavors, it takes the formation of project management phases to ensure that it gets accomplished. What is Project Management Life Cycle? The life cycle consists of five basic phases that ensures good communication, effective resource management, and proper direction to the completion of the project itself. A good project manager will oversee the project management stages to make sure that each are completed properly. 5 Basic Project Management Phases / Project Activities List: Each of the project management phases are distinct and must be executed in order for the project to succeed. • Initiation: The formation of the project itself, this is where the project management steps are put into place. • Planning: The creation of the plan based on the activities started during the initiation phase. • Execution: All resources are allocated, personnel put into place, and the plan is put into motion. • Control & Monitoring: While similar to execution, this is the phase that keeps the project moving forward despite potential obstacles. • Closure: Here, the project closes with all the pieces of the plan fully completed. Project Management Activities in Each Project Phase: Phase-1: Initiation: There are two major activities that take place during this step, the creation of the business case document to justify the project and a feasibility study to ensure that the timeline, costs, and goals are set. If the project is deemed unjustifiable, too expensive, or too time-consuming, it can be abandoned with little cost at this point. Phase-2: Planning: Here, the team puts together a plan that will guide them to financing, obtaining resources, getting the right materials, and allocating human resources to the completion of the project. The creation of the plan will also anticipate potential risk and communicate to stakeholders the benefits of completing the project. Phase-3: Execution: This is the phase which most people can see the project management at work. The activities start with completing each step of the plan in order. Team leaders will guide the employees in the execution of the plan and start the next step only when ready. Phase-4: Control & Monitoring: Here, the activities are focused on preventing or at least limiting outside factors that may slow down a project. For example, when constructing a building factors such as weather, delays in getting supplies, or a slowing down of the work-rate is addressed as quickly as possible. Phase-5: Closure: At this step, the activities focus on completing each step of the plan. This means evaluating the current state of the project, addressing any concerns, and bringing it to a close. Evaluation and documentation are critical. project management phases Once all the project management phases are completed, the project itself is completed and can be evaluated to spot any errors, concerns, or lessons that can be used for future project management steps on another concern. The more efficiently the project management activities are executed, the better the results will be. Our students learn implementation of each of the project management phases (in projects, programs and project portfolios) during the project management qualifications, such as doctorate in project management and masters in project management. Share This Blog, Choose Your Platform!
Save Status: or to save your progress. The page will not refresh. Answer Key: Edit a Copy: Make Your Own: Crossword Word Search Worksheet Rate This Puzzle: Log in or sign up to rate this puzzle. The Guilded Age (Economics) a United States federal law that was designed to regulate the railroad industry, particularly its monopolistic practices. a national federation of labor unions in the United States founded in Columbus, Ohio, in December 1886 by an alliance of craft unions disaffected from the Knights of Labor, a national labor association. A train route across the United States, finished in 1869. a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court upheld the power of government to regulate private industries an American oil industry business magnate, industrialist, and philanthropist. He is widely considered the wealthiest American of all time, and the richest person in modern history. US inventor, who invented the typewriter and sold the patent to the Remington company in 1873 was an Irish-born American schoolteacher and dressmaker who became a prominent organized labor representative and community organizer. also known as Colonel Drake, was an American businessman and the first American to successfully drill for oil. An American engineer and industrialist. He designed and manufactured the Pullman sleeping car and founded a company town. an American inventor and businessman, who has been described as America's greatest inventor. He took out more than 1,000 patents in his lifetime. the creator of the American Federation of Labor from 1886-1924. He provided a stable and unified union for skilled workers. American Federation of Labor. The first federation of labor unions in the United States.
Why is Romeo and Juliet free will? In Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare, the use of free will throughout the play would give Romeo and Juliet a one way ticket to their deaths. Their “fate” was determined by events that could have been prevented by some people’s decisions. Related Posts All categories
Matthew Butera Oct 7, 2021 4 min read Explainer: Gladys Berejiklian and the ICAC The week just passed saw Gladys Berejiklian, one of the most recognisable figures in Australian politics, resign. This move follows revelations that New South Wales’ anti-corruption commission, the ICAC, was investigating whether she had “breached public trust” in awarding grants to several community organisations between 2012 and 2018. Since then, I’ve been surprised at the level of criticism that has been directed towards the ICAC. The most flaming hot-takes have labelled the ICAC as a “lynch mob”, “undemocratic”, and most dumbfoundingly, “potentially eroding public trust” and “getting rid of Premier’s”. Our Deputy PM compared it to the Spanish Inquisition (a three-century religious inquisition where between 3000 and 5000 people were executed). Anyway, to me, it seems clear there’s a few of us who do not know what ICAC does, what it’s doing concerning Ms. Berejiklian, and the important role it plays in upholding democracy. So, I thought I’d write a little explainer on the situation to hopefully provide some clarity. Who is the ICAC, and what is its job? The NSW Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) is the anti-corruption agency that covers the entire public sector, including politicians, their staff, and government agencies. Its main job is “to investigate, expose and prevent corruption involving or affecting public authorities and public officials”. What are some of the extraordinary powers that help ICAC do its job? ICAC does its main job of investigating, exposing, and preventing corruption by undertaking investigations. Like a Royal Commission, these investigations can involve interviews, private and public hearings (where witnesses are cross-examined, like in typical courts), and even covert phone surveillance. ICAC can also compel witnesses to provide evidence. Following the investigation, the ICAC delivers a report outlining the facts of the case and determining whether the individuals under investigation have engaged in corrupt conduct. They conclude with recommendations as to how similar processes can be avoided in the future and can even recommend criminal proceedings. What powers does ICAC not have? ICAC cannot sack a Premier. There are only a few ways for a Premier to lose their job: • They can resign. • They can be replaced as the leader of their party. • They can lose their seat at the election. • They can be sacked by the Governor. Instead of sacking Gladys, the ICAC announced that she was now the subject of an investigation. In response, Ms. Berejiklian resigned. What’s going on with Gladys? It is important to note that ICAC has not made any findings of Ms. Berejiklian. They simply announced that she would be the subject of an investigation. That investigation follows reports from the ABC last year, when Ms. Berejiklian was Treasurer, regarding a $5.5m grant awarded to the Australian Clay Target Association clubhouse and convention centre in Wagga Wagga. At the time, Daryl Maguire was the Member for Wagga Wagga. Prior to the grant’s approval, Mr. Maguire wrote to the then Treasurer, asking for her support to fund the project. During a public ICAC hearing last year, Ms. Berejiklian revealed that she and Mr. Maguire had been in a relationship for the previous five years, including the period surrounding the Australian Clay Target Association grants. In light of this, the ICAC is investigating two things. Firstly, the possibility that Ms. Berejiklian was involved in the decision to award funding to Mr. Maguire’s electorate while failing to disclose their relationship, which could potentially be a “breach of public trust” and “partial exercise of her official duties”. Secondly, the ICAC is investigating whether Ms. Berejiklian possibly had knowledge of Mr. Maguire’s unrelated, and now confirmed, corrupt conduct. If she did and failed to report it, she would potentially be in breach of Section 11 of the ICAC Act. Section 11 compels her to report any matter where there is a reasonable suspicion that corrupt conduct has occurred or may occur. Ms. Berejiklian strenuously denies any wrongdoing regarding all of the matters in question. Side note: Daryl Maguire admitted using his public office to make money for himself and his associates, while MP for Wagga Wagga (the absolute definition of corruption). Why did Gladys resign if she didn’t have to? Ms. Berejiklian was not sacked or forced to resign by the ICAC. In similar circumstances, when ICAC has been investigating her Ministers, Ms. Berejiklian has compelled them to temporarily stand aside during the investigation. Instead of doing the same, Ms. Berejiklian resigned entirely, not only as Premier but as a Member of the NSW Parliament. Her reason for this was that New South Wales needs a stable government as it emerges from COVID-19 lockdowns. Former NSW Liberal Minister Michael Yabsley, who was an NSW politician when the ICAC was first established, questioned the need to resign, saying that temporarily stepping aside during the investigation would be appropriate. Either way, it’s a big deal. Should the ICAC have waited? There have been suggestions that ICAC’s “timing” is problematic given NSW is about to emerge from COVID-19 lockdowns, citing the need for a stable government during such an important period. However, to wait, according to Constitutional law expert Anne Twomey, would require the ICAC to make political judgements and give preferential treatment. It is suggested that such actions would violate the ICAC’s independence, kind of nullifying the whole “Independent” Commission Against Corruption What next? From Monday, October 18th, the ICAC will hold ten days of public inquiries to gather further evidence regarding the investigation. Regarding the NSW Government, a new Premier was selected. Former Treasurer Dominic Perrottet was chosen by Liberal MPs as the new NSW Liberals leader and state Premier. There will also be a by-election (an election for just one seat rather than for the entire government) in Ms. Berejiklian’s seat of Willoughby in Northern Sydney.
Orthography Services Orthography is the writing system of a language. Without a good writing system, people can’t read fluently. If they can’t read fluently, they can’t read the Bible well. If people don’t want to use the writing system, they won’t want to use Scripture, either. In Orthography Services, we balance literacy concepts, linguistic analysis and political smarts. We advise on choices for characters, word breaks, punctuation and capitalization. Orthography workers might deal with Roman alphabets in Africa or non-Roman scripts in southern Asia. Some of the people we work with have little or no education. Other local speakers have seminary training. One of SIL’s schools will train you in linguistics, literacy and sociolinguistics. Then you’ll help an experienced orthography worker before you set out on your own. With us, you’ll join a team. You’ll work with local speakers of the language and talk to teachers, political figures, linguists and literacy workers. With an unwritten language, you’ll learn the sound system and grammar. Then you’ll decide how many symbols the alphabet needs and where words should join or break. You need the brains to digest complex language data, but you need people skills, too. You’ll have to see several sides to an issue. You’ll have to work well with others and understand social factors. To agree on the best writing system for a language, you’ll advise, discuss and negotiate with local speakers. How Do You Write an Unwritten Language? “How are you going to write our language?” a group of Koma villagers in the north asked Mike Cahill. Mike had traveled for several days by borrowed motorcycle to visit all five of the Koma villages in Ghana. He drove past scrubby trees along sandy paths with a Ghanaian pastor clinging to the back. They slid and crashed many times. In each village, Mike explained they wanted to live with the Koma people, learn the language, write it down and translate the Scriptures. The people immediately expressed their excitement at having the Bible in their own language. But the fifth village asked the question that stumped Mike. “How will you write it? How we talk or how the other villages talk?” Mike had no idea how to answer their question. He didn’t know anything about the language—after all, he was speaking through a translator. So Mike said, “I don’t know.” And he left it at that. Before joining SIL, Mike taught chemistry, physics and math at a high school in rural Iowa. But partway through his teaching years, he began to wonder what he would do for the rest of his life. Maybe he would move to a bigger high school or even a college. Three things happened within two weeks to change his mind about teaching. First, a friend gave him a pamphlet that said every Christian should go into missions unless specifically called otherwise. Second, Mike’s church held its missions conference. Third, another friend announced he was joining Wycliffe Bible Translators. Mike had never heard of the organization, so his friend sent him more information. That summer, Mike attended an SIL session in North Dakota. “I just fell in love with the idea of giving people a Bible in a language they could understand,” he said. He applied to work with linguistics and translation in SIL and was accepted. He explained that language learning and linguistic analysis are two different skills. Language analysis requires a science/engineering/math mentality. “That was one of the things that attracted me about linguistics. I had no idea that you could actually put language patterns into formulas and derivations and make real semi-mathematical sense out of it.” When asked where in the world he wanted to serve, Mike felt a big pull toward Africa. But he admitted he wasn’t fond of French, which much of Africa speaks. That’s how he ended up in English-speaking Ghana. There he met his wife, Virginia, who traveled from village to village teaching translators’ children. Mike and Virginia returned to the United States to get married and to receive more linguistics training. Then they returned to Ghana and started on the Koma translation. Passing On the Project Mike and his wife lived in a Koma village and built a traditional Koma house. Then they learned the language. They didn’t become fluent in Koma, Mike explained, but they could follow some conversations and name everything in sight. They started on some literacy work and a little bit of trial Bible translation. After a few years, they decided they needed to return to the United States with their three children. Their middle child was mentally challenged, and they knew she could benefit from the special education opportunities back in the States. “It was really the most difficult decision of our married life to cut short our translation work in Ghana,” Mike said. But Mike and Virginia reminded each other that God loved the Koma people more than they did. God’s work wouldn’t stop just because the Cahill’s weren’t there to continue it. Back in the States, Mike taught for a year and earned his Ph.D. He worked as SIL’s international linguistic coordinator for 11 years and as editor-in-chief of academic publications for three years. Then he was asked to be the orthography services coordinator. His daily work now involves writing and answering a lot of emails. He advises staff on orthographic issues they’re facing and shares resources. He sets up an orthography conference every other year. Sometimes he speaks at universities for recruiting. He also reads linguistic and orthography discussion lists and responds when needed. “This is a good fit for me,” Mike said. “It’s fascinating work.” In orthography, workers have to consider many angles: Can people use the writing system? Do you have the right symbols? Have you counted the right number of vowels? Do they want to use the writing system? Do they want their writing system to look like their neighbor’s, or do they want it to look distinct? “I know the right questions to ask at this point,” Mike said, and he’s good at seeing both sides of an argument. For example, he talked about a tonal language in East Africa that has seven vowels. The tone differentiates some words from each other but also differentiates some verb tenses from others, such as the difference between “he will go” and “he went.” From a linguistic and usability point of view, the writing system should have seven vowels and also mark the tone. But, Mike explained, from an acceptability point of view, the local people really liked Swahili, which has only five vowels and no tone, and they wanted the orthography to look like that. “Bang,” Mike said. “We have these principles that are in conflict. What do you do? Negotiate. Explain. Be patient. There’s not an easy answer. That’s the kind of thing we run into all the time around the world.” Finding an Answer So, did the Koma people get their own writing system—and the Scriptures? It turns out the village that asked Mike how he would write their language had a distinctly different dialect from the other four Koma villages. “That’s one of the things you’re always wanting to deal with when you’re developing a writing system or orthography for a language,” Mike explained. “What are the dialect issues? Do you try to combine the dialects into one kind of mish-mash that combines them? Or do you favor one that’s more prestigious or powerful or better known?” The two Koma dialects had some vocabulary differences. But the real difference was in the phonology, or the sound system. The main dialect used an H sound where the southern dialect used an NG sound. To say “wife” or “woman,” the main dialect pronounced it hago and the southern dialect pronounced it ngago. After living in a Koma village and learning the language, Mike and his team decided to follow the main dialect in writing H. But they taught the southern Koma to pronounce the letter H as NG. “And that has seemed to work pretty well,” Mike said. When Mike and his family returned to the States and changed their roles in SIL, a Ghanaian man from another language group built on their foundation to continue their work with the Koma language. In 2007, Mike and his family traveled back to Ghana for the Koma New Testament dedication. “It was an amazing time,” Mike remembered. “I don’t use the word awesome very often because I think it’s overused, but it was an awesome time there.” When he first started in orthography, Mike didn’t know how to answer the questions the Koma people asked him. But years later, he now advises other orthography workers in similar issues. “[Orthography] is a really valuable thing to do. It’s essential to Scripture use.” And soon, Mike said, the Koma people will have the entire Bible written in their language. Link to interview here
New species of squat lobster helping to revive an Aboriginal language How the naming of a new species of squat lobster has helped an Aboriginal community reconnect to its ‘sleeping’ language. A picture of three squat lobsters from above Three of the seven new species of squat lobster: (L to R) Munida lutruwita, Munida julumunyju and Munida abrolhos. When naming new species scientists traditionally turn to Latin but with these squat lobsters, Dr Anna McCallum took a different approach. The Museums Victoria Research Associate sought out Aboriginal communities to name several species, that were discovered during deep-sea research surveys off the coast of Western Australia and Tasmania. ‘I thought it would be really great to celebrate and use Indigenous language in these names for Australian species,’ says Dr McCallum, lead author of the new paper describing seven new species of squat lobster. ‘I really wanted to do that with the permission and collaboration of those Indigenous communities.’ One of these species was named by the Nhanda people, traditional landowners on Western Australia’s central west coast. Nhanda is considered a ‘sleeping’ language because it is only spoken by a few people. ‘I was put in touch with Dr Steven Kelly, an Indigenous anthropologist at the University of Melbourne who is working to revive the Nhanda language, and he was really enthusiastic,’ says Dr McCallum. A Nhanda man himself, Dr Kelly invited her to bring the idea to a language day at the Bundiyarra-Irra Wanga Language Centre, in Geraldton, in 2019. ‘It’s a wonderful opportunity for all because naming anything in Aboriginal language is an awesome honour,’ he says. The community voted on a name for the new species and settled on the scientific name Munida maatijadakurnaaku—maatijada, meaning crawling, and kurnaaku, meaning crayfish. a poster with a drawing of a small crustacean with long claws A poster celebrating the naming of Munida maatijadakurnaaku designed by the Bundiyarra-Irra Wangga Language Centre. Artwork by Teharnie Martin. ‘My family were over the moon to have this recognition,’ says Dr Kelly. ‘I think it’s a wonderful gesture to just acknowledge Nanda people, my people, and allow them that space to drive the bus, so to speak.’ Dr Kelly says the experience has also led to the development of a program to revitalise the Nhanda language. ‘It’s a wonderful initiative that stems from having ownership of something like the naming of a squat lobster,’ he says. ‘When you get community involvement and people taking it onboard, that is a clear indication of something that is powerful. ‘I think that needs to be acknowledged and Anna needs to be acknowledged for allowing us to have that space.’ Seven new species Munida maatijadakurnaaku, is just one of seven new species of squat lobster in the Munida genus, described by Dr McCallum and her colleagues—five of which were named in consultation with Aboriginal communities. A map of Australia with dotted locations of marine biology surveys Munida galalala Galalala means lobster in Dambimangari language. Munida julumunyju Julumunyju means prawn in Kariyarra language. Munida jurunjurun Jurun jurun means crayfish in Bardi language. Munida lutruwita Lutruwita is the original name of Tasmania in palawa kani, the language of the Tasmanian Aboriginal people. Munida abrolhos Named after the Abrolhos Islands, near to where the specimen was found. Munida leeuwin Named after the Leeuwin current which flows off the west coast of Australia. Munida maatijadakurnaaku The species name chosen by Nhanda people: Maatijada means crawling; kurnaaku translates as crayfish or yabbie. This map shows where the new squat lobsters were found on research voyages. Click the + symbols to learn more about the meaning behind their names. Dr Kelly says he hopes this experience serves as a template for future collaboration with traditional landowners. ‘I know that a lot of research in the past has been very one-dimensional and has taken from Aboriginal people and never given back. ‘And this just goes to show what we can achieve when we work together in partnership—and that goes right across the board for Australia as a nation too.’ ‘I think it’s a wonderful concept. Let’s all walk together and we can do amazing things.’ Dr Steven Kelly ‘Butterflies of the sea’ The name squat lobster refers to a diverse group of decapod crustaceans that are separated into two superfamilies: Chirostyloidea and Galatheoidea. ‘They’re called squat because their tails are tucked under their body and they’ve got these really long arms and little claws,’ explains Dr McCallum. ‘Even though they're called lobsters, they're actually not closely related to lobsters; they’re more related to hermit crabs.’ The most famous of these is perhaps the Yeti Crab—a hairy-limbed crustacean that lives close to hydrothermal vents. They are generally deep-sea creatures but can be found anywhere from thousands of metres below the surface, to shallower tropical coral reefs. A photograph of a brightly coloured small crustacean Shallower species of squat lobster, like this Phylladiorhynchus pusillus, are brightly coloured. ‘Many species live on coral. They sit on a coral and wave their arms, and they can grab food passing by,’ says Dr McCallum. ‘The shallower species are often quite colourful, and they have nice patterns, so they have been called the “butterflies of the sea”.’ Researching the deep sea and its fauna is much more difficult than it is on land, and not just because of the location. It is expensive, takes a long time, and sampling sizes are limited. To make best use of what is available, scientists use groups of relatively common animals that can be found across the globe—like brittle stars and, of course, squat lobsters. a squat lobster attached to coral Squat lobsters like this one (from the genus Uroptychus) can hang onto coral with their legs, leaving their claws free to catch any prey that floats too close. ‘They’re a useful group for understanding biodiversity,’ says Dr McCallum, because their taxonomy (species and scientific classification) is relatively well understood. ‘Taxonomists have been producing keys and summarising the knowledge from around the world, but there was a gap in Australia—a lot of new species have been discovered but not described.’ New species hidden in museum collections If you want to discover a species that is new to science, one of the best places to look is in a museum. Carefully preserved and catalogued in Museums Victoria’s science collections are potentially thousands of species, waiting to be described. That was the case with these squat lobsters, which were collected on research voyages dating back to 2005. ‘I was working on material from surveys along the Western Australian continental margin and when we were doing those surveys almost 30 per cent of the species that we collected were likely to be new to science,’ says Dr McCallum. The variations between species can be quite subtle, and most squat lobsters are only a few centimetres in size, so determining if a specimen is a new species requires patience and an eye for detail. A photograph of a woman holding a jar containing dozens of small crustaceans Dr Anna McCallum is a taxonomist and deep-sea ecologist with expertise on decapod crustaceans. ‘With deep-sea marine fauna, a lot of the species in Australia are also found in the Indo West Pacific—they're quite widespread,’ says Dr McCallum. ‘So when you find a new squat lobster and you're looking to discover what it is, you're looking not just at the Australian species, you need to compare it with almost all those species in the entire Indo West Pacific, which is hundreds of species.’ One method to compare these species, says Dr McCallum, is with traditional scientific illustration. Using a microscope fitted with a camera lucida—a device to project the image on to paper—scientists can trace the specimen to accurately illustrate the detailed characteristics of a species. ‘I do a lot of drawings and illustrate characters like the legs and the antennae and then I compare those illustrations with those from the literature,’ she says. ‘Those really detailed drawings are so important, and that's what takes a lot of time—they’re quite meticulous.’ an illustration and photo of a small crustacean side by side Dr McCallum highlights defining features of a species, like Munida abrolhos here, by drawing the type specimen. But sometimes images of the specimens can only take you so far. ‘In some cases, it really helps to actually have specimens,’ says Dr McCallum. Dr McCallum travelled to the Paris Natural History Museum, which hosts the largest collection of squat lobsters from the Pacific, to compare her proposed new species with its specimens. ‘That was a better way of being actually able to look at…all the variation and see is my species really different to those other species.’ In addition to describing the seven new species, Dr McCallum and her colleagues identified a further 14 species from the genus Munida that have extended their range into Australian waters. Before this research 32 species of Munida were known to occur in Australia; a two thirds increase, with just one publication. But what is the importance of knowing about these new species of animals that most people are unlikely to come across? ‘If we want to preserve biodiversity or understand how it might respond to climate change and fishing pressure, then we need to know where it occurs, whether species are widespread or have relatively small distributions. ‘There are a whole lot of questions that are yet to be answered for these environments,’ says Dr McCallum. You can read Dr McCallum's research paper on Memoirs of Museum Victoria
Did another advanced civilization exist on Earth before humans? Advanced civilization Graham Hancock is considered a connoisseur when it comes to “advanced human societies before the one we know,” that is, the “mother culture” that preceded later ancient civilizations. © 2014 – 2021 BlueRogueVyse Although the idea of ancient civilizations and their possible technology is considered by some to be “pseudo-scientific”, there are many indications that reveal a possible use of advanced technological mechanisms in the remote past. If we eliminate the idea of aliens who came to instruct our ancestors, some of the ideas that Hancock has contributed over time remain as a result. Graham Bruce Hancock Graham Bruce Hancock © Wikimedia Commons History tells us that human’s pre-primitive achievements were not technically advanced but the megaliths and artifacts and thought processes, as best as can be determined, that appear strangely out-of-sync with what was achieved by our ancient ancestors. This indicates something that may have preceded what our civilization was capable of and what it accomplished somewhat after about 10,000 B.C. The underground and underwater structures and some blatant artifacts would seem to have a premise based on the knowledge that was once known, and showing up in situ or in ancient texts that have gone missing because of human destruction or environmental catastrophes: the fire that wiped out the works in the Library of Alexandria (48 BC) or the Eruption of Vesuvius (79 AD), not to mention the great flood registered in ancient texts as a “mythic” event that “destroyed the (known) world.” Gobekli Tepe The Göbekli Tepe structures indicate a pre-10,000 society with an interesting, and out-of-sync mindset just before the Sumerian (Mesopotamian) societies appeared, from which we have records and evidence. If one takes Erich von Däniken’s “theories” in “Chariots of the Gods?” and supplant them, replace them, with Graham Hancock’s thinking, the idea of an earlier, brighter humanity was extant on the Earth, one will have something not as rabid as the ET thesis. But what could happen to that brilliant and amazing ancient human civilization? It is a very difficult answer to give. However, as in any society that reaches a high point, problems like environmental adversities, overpopulation, wars, etc. arise. And although we do not have an answer to this enigma, we can sketch some possibilities by observing the current scenario and complementing it with past findings. Possibly history repeats itself, the history of our civilization. Leave a Reply Your email address will not be published. Previous Article Genetic disc The "Genetic Disc" revealed advanced biological knowledge acquired by an ancient civilization Next Article Illustrations of atomic blast and ancient ruin in the desert. © Image Credits: Obsidianfantacy & Razvan lonut Dragomirescu \| Licensed from DreamsTime.com (Editorial/commercial Use Stock Photos) Atomic wars took place in the distant past, evidences from antiquity revealed
SpaceX tests a rocket that could help colonise Mars The space exploration company founded by the billionaire Elon Musk has successfully tested a new rocket engine that could one day help humans establish life on Mars. Mr Musk, the Tesla chief executive who is also the founder of SpaceX, tweeted that the company had achieved the first firing of the Raptor interplanetary transport engine. The methane-fuelled engine is expected to form part of the Dragon rocket, with Mr Musk suggesting the engines are three times more powerful than the current Merlin engines that SpaceX uses on its Falcon 9 rocket. The engine was fired at the company’s McGregor, Texas facility, according to a report by the tech website Engadget, and comes ahead of a long-awaited speech by Mr Musk. USA Today reported that Mr Musk would outline his ideas for how to establish a city on Mars within a decade. The speech is due to be held at the International Astronautical Congress in Guadalajara, Mexico, and Mr Musk is expected to detail a new system called the “Mars Colonial Transporter,” that could deliver 100 people to the planet Mars. * Video and content courtesy CNBC Follow The National’s Business section on Twitter Share This Post
Why Do People Believe in a “True Self”? The Role of Essentialist Reasoning About Personal Identity and the Self Academic Article uri icon • Why do many people come to believe that they and others have a true self? We hypothesized that this belief emerges because people routinely rely on essentialist reasoning to understand personal identity and the self. Across eight studies, we found that (a) the features that participants attributed to the true self resembled the features typically attributed to essences (e.g., immutability, informativeness, inherence; Studies 1-4); (b) endorsement of belief in true selves correlated with endorsement of other essentialist beliefs (Study 5); and (c) experimental manipulations of essentialist beliefs in domains other than the self spilled over and affected participants' endorsement of belief in true selves (Studies 6-8). These findings advance theory on the origins and functions of beliefs about the true self, suggesting that these beliefs are, in part, a specific downstream consequence of the broader tendency to explain phenomena in the world in terms of underlying essences. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved). altmetric score • 20.75 author list (cited authors) • Christy, A. G., Schlegel, R. J., & Cimpian, A. citation count • 7 publication date • August 2019
Skip to Content Legal Toolbox It is evident that it is necessary to roll-out of a comprehensive plan to secure legal protection for all our water source areas, using a range of tools. Such a plan should include: 1. Creating immediate protection for a network of water source areas, through the prohibition of or restrictions on new authorisations in terms of section 24(2A) of the National Environmental Management Act, ideally backed up by similar action under section 49(1)(a) of the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act in the case of water source areas affected by mining. 2. Prioritising and expediting the declaration of protected areas in line with national and relevant provincial protected areas expansion strategies that overlap with water source areas. 3. In the medium term, developing regulations under section 26(1)(g) of the National Water Act prohibiting or regulating activities in order to protect water resources or instream or riparian habitats in water source areas. 4. Advocating for the amendment of the National Water Act to empower the Minister of Water & Sanitation to identify geographical areas in which no water use may be authorised, by way of general authorisation, water use licence, or otherwise, subject to conditions. 5. Also in the medium term, listing threatening activities or processes that cannot be undertaken in the already listed threatened ecosystems, where such threatened ecosystems occur within water source areas. 6. In the long-term, consideration and incorporation of water source area protection in documents developed under the Conservational of Agricultural Resources Act, the Spatial Planning and Land-use Management Act and other land use planning and local development laws and guidelines. Given the complexity and diversity of features and threats applicable to water source areas, such a plan should be based on a detailed analysis of each water source area, and identify the most appropriate legal tool or tools to secure legal protection for each water source area. Such process should have regard to the scope and nature of the legal mechanisms available in current statutes that could provide legal protection for water source areas, as well as the practical and political feasibility of the use of each of those mechanisms.
ASSUMPTIONS The OC in question is a standard paired OC similar in size to Island 3 5 miles (8.0 km) in diameter and 20 miles (32 km) long. It is a temperate biome akin to southern France with some large lakes but nothing you could call a sea. The surface is entirely "land/river/lake" has no glass panels. It has a low population density with the tallest building being about 6 stories. It has forests and a few spokes dotted about the cylinder attaching the "surface" to the axis where a sun tube lights up the inside. QUESTION Would O'Neill cylinders experience thunderstorms, if not how would you generate/simulate one? FURTHER QUESTIONS Would the echo of thunder be horrific for the inhabitants? What kind of hull damage would we expect? What kind of benefits to soil would we see from it? What kind of changes to the design would need to be done to make it happen? What would that lightning look like? EDIT Size is clearly key to thunderstorms assume that the OC is being designed specifically for thunderstorms. Not naturally, but it might be possible if you try hard enough. Let's look at how a thunderstorm actually forms. Like any cloud, it forms when air cools below the dew point -- which typically happens when warm, moist air rises and cools (recall that the temperature drops as altitude increases). The condensing water releases latent heat, letting it rise further into cooler regions of the atmosphere, and grows higher. For a thundercloud, the limit is the tropopause -- the point at which temperature no longer decreases with height. This is the 12km number @RancidCrab gives, but it's not actually a requirement that it grows this high; it's just how things work out on earth. What distinguishes a thundercloud from just a big cloud is, well, the thunder. This comes from a charge differential between it and the ground. The exact nature of this is still poorly understood, but the consensus is that it has to do with the formation of graupel (chunks of ice). In a thundercloud, it's (a) cold enough that graupel can form and (b) there's enough turbulence that small bits of ice can be lifted up and fall back down again repeatedly without falling out of the cloud. In an O'Neill Cylinder, your temperature gradients are wrong: temperature is probably relatively constant or maybe even increasing as you get closer to the artificial sun. Also, as others have mentioned, you want one parcel of air to be hotter than its neighbors so it can rise up and form a cloud. If you want lightning anyway: 1. Add some heater in the ground for uneven heating. Maybe add some extra humidity for good measure. This will get you cloud 2. Design some mechanism that will give you very steep temperature gradients. Perhaps the artificial sun only provides light, and heat only comes from the ground, and you have a cooling mechanism inside the sun? 3. Try to encourage turbulence within the cloud. The temperature gradient will have helped with this, but you might be able to help it along by increasing wind shear: have fans at different altitudes that blow at different speeds in different directions, or whatever other sci-fi method you want. If you're clever, you can control wind currents within the cylinder just with strategic uneven heating of the ground. You don't have much vertical space to play with though, so your vertically circulating currents need to be strong. Edit I just realized that for clouds to form nicely you want your environmental lapse rate (how fast air cools with altitude) to be between the wet and dry adiabatic rates on average (~3.5C and 10C respectively). On earth, it's typically about 6.5C/km. If you have a lapse rate of 9.5C/km and a ground temperature of 0C, it should be be just about possible to make things work in a 4km radius cylinder, but you'd really benefit from making it larger. Other caveats: • I've ignored the effect of pressure, since that wasn't specified in the question • I'm not sure what the changing "gravity" (from the spinning) does to buoyancy due to temperature differences at different altitudes. I'm assuming it cancels itself out, but I could absolutely be wrong. • $\begingroup$ Very good answer! Nice addition on the clouds within and OC, lots to think about with this one! $\endgroup$ Aug 14 '20 at 9:41 No they would not form naturally. According to this thunderstorms "arise when layers of warm, moist air rise in a large, swift updraft to cooler regions of the atmosphere". Since your surface area would experience equal sun (heat) distribution I don't think it can form naturally. Even if you were to artificially heat one part more than the others, the clouds that need to form are 12km high and can't form in your 8km diameter tube. Therefore i don't see a way to generate one. • 1 $\begingroup$ Perhaps then only in the larger OC's! $\endgroup$ Aug 10 '20 at 13:44 Storms on earth form because of differences in Temperature. Meaning, if a very cold pocket of air collides with a very hot one, they exchange energy which leads to turbulenses -> Storms. This can only happen because of a few factors. 1. Earth is not illuminated all at once. It is a Rotating sphere meaning by default, one halt of the Planet is cooler then the other. 2. The Atmosphere is very larg. Lets say the parts of the Atmosphere that have an effect on the weather are up to 25km high. Meaning you have a Gradient of 25km with different pressure. Combine these 2 factors and you got yourself a System in which Temps constantly change resulting in Storms and general weather. And OC wouldnt have that. It is illuminated all at once. Furthermore, the Atmosphere is more or less the same pressure everywhere meaning the Temp is around the same everywhere. This results in very little Natrual Turbilences. You would even have a hard time getting it to Rain as all the clouds that could form would just slam into the Ground. Remeber, Spin Gravity is not the same as real Gravity. And with very little difference in pressure along the hight of the Atmosphere, Clouds and Storms couldnt forme. At least by themself. You can of course just force it. As i said, Weather is created by differences in Temp. So if you cool down a larg part of the Atmosphere down, Wind and maybe some very small """Storms"""" will appear. But the major problem is just the size of the thing. For real weather to from, you need a Gradient in Temperture & Pressure. And this wont happen in a OC. You would have to build one at least with a Radius of like 40km and spin it like Crazy to get something like a Normal Atmosphere. There is no real way of faking weather and storms on an OC. The only way of getting is, is to make the station a lot bigger. Now lets look at Thunder in general. Or lightning. You could simulated that, but there is honestly no point to it. You could charge the Atmosphere until all the Energy gets released in a Lightning. But all you do is pretty much send death Rays down a Tube and maybe start some fires. Sure, they woul look cool as hell but its just a waste. You must log in to answer this question. Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged .
How to Tell if Two Cats Are Bonded With Each Other? How To Tell if Cats Are Bonded? People often think that cats are independent and they don’t need each other for socialization. But cats have best friends like humans do and will often cry for the other when separated. How can you tell if cats are bonded together? Bonded cats will groom each other and cuddle while sleeping. They will intertwine their tails and go everywhere together. Bonded cats get very sad if they are separated, so if you want to adopt a cat from a shelter and bond with another cat, it’s best for the cats to adopt both of them. Cats love and socialize as humans do, but it can be difficult to know if two cats are best buds. Let’s dive in to learn more! Bonded Cats Groom Each Other Cats show love by grooming in each other and their human companions, which stimulates the feel-good hormones that deepen bonding and friendship. A cat letting another cat groom them is a sign of extreme trust and love, so when you see cats grooming each other, they are deep friends. This grooming behavior goes back to when mother cats groom their babies. Grooming can mean safety, security, and trust. It means that cats care about each other. You most likely noticed how your cat will groom you by licking your hand, or sometimes, your hair. They are telling you that they love you by doing this. Touch is a one-way of cats to communicate with each other when they are bonded, and grooming is one of the main ways. It is a way to help them bond with each other, so if you see two cats grooming each other, that is a sure sign they are bonded. Bonded Cats Will Intertwine Their Tails Cats have pheromone glands on their faces, heads, and tails, and when they rub up against each other, they are leaving their scents on each other. They will sometimes intertwine their tails when standing next to each other, which leaves their scent on each other. When cats are bonded, they put their scent on each other for reasons that no human can understand. It is theorized that when cats rub their heads together, they are co-mingling their scents to create contentment with each other and to strengthen their bond. Whether that’s true or not, they do have more trust and love when commingling their scents. And they are claiming each other through their scent. Similarly, if your cat continues to rub its head against your hand or leg, it tells you that they love you and claim you as its own. Bonded Cats Will Sleep Next to Each Other As with humans who are bonded to each other, bonded cats will sleep next to each other. Not only does this come from a need to be with each other, but from a safety perspective. If there are predators nearby, bonded cats who sleep next to each other protect each other from dangers when outdoors while also providing warmth to each other in colder climates. One way that cats communicate with each other is through touch. When they sleep next to each other, they will often cuddle, which tells the other that they trust and love each other. This behavior reduces stress while raising endorphins.How to Tell if Two Cats Are Bonded With Each Other? The other reason that bonded cats will sleep next to each other is to provide comfort and emotional security to them. If bonded cats are separated, they are often anxious and depressed and will cry for each other until reunited again, if possible. If it’s not possible to reunite separated cats, as in the death of one cat, you might need to provide extra care, love, and support for your remaining cat. A Bonded Pair of Cats Will Do Everything Together When cats are bonded, they go everywhere and they do everything together, including playing. Grooming is usually a social activity between bonded animals of several species, including cats. When bonded cats play, they don’t take things too far and hurt each other because they know where the boundaries are. They sometimes fight, however, and become hostile for brief periods. Usually, they will fight over resources such as food, water, litter boxes, or beds. Most hostilities will end as quickly as they start, and they go back to being buddies again. However, if your cats are fighting after about 20-30 seconds, you will need to break it up. But don’t try breaking it up physically as you could get hurt in the process. Instead, try clapping your hands or dropping a dish towel between them to distract them long enough to move one of them to another location. Generally, bonded cats are happier when they are together and have less anxiety and depression. They keep each other company while you’re at work or on vacation, so you won’t need to worry whether or not your cats will be lonely while you’re gone. Can Bonded Cats Unbond? Is it possible for bonded cats to become unbonded? Very few sources suggest that bonded cats break up and become unbonded. Most of the sources suggest that when cats are separated, then re-introduced, they have a more difficult time getting along. But they will quickly become friends again. The overwhelming evidence suggests that when bonded cats are separated, they go through a grieving process much like humans when they lose their partners. They are anxious and depressed and will not eat like they did when they had their best friend. One woman had a pair of Siamese cats who were bonded since they were kittens. The breeder didn’t want her to adopt only one, so the woman decided to adopt the pair. They were inseparable for over 14 years, but then one of the cats developed feline diabetes and only lived for nine months after being diagnosed. The cat died, leaving his brother alone with their human companion. Since that time, his brother has been beside himself with grief and tries to get attention as much as he can. Bonded cats are unlikely ever to become unbonded. Don’t Adopt Only One of a Bonded Pair From a Shelter For the above reason alone, bonded cats that live in a shelter should be adopted together. In fact, shelters will stipulate that bonded cats be adopted together to have a happier life. Bonded cats that are separated will display the following behaviors: • They refuse to eat. • They become clingy. • They develop anxiety and depression. • They obsessively chew and scratch at things. • They over-groom themselves. • Their overall health declines. A bonded pair of cats should not be separated, and in fact, need to be adopted together. If you can’t afford both cats, either try to work out something with the shelter or find another cat that hasn’t bonded with another cat so that you’re not separating a bonded pair. Breeders will also try to keep bonded cats together whenever possible. Bonded cats can remain together for their lifetimes, often healthier and more well-adjusted than cats alone or separated from their partner. If you want to add a new cat to your home in the hopes of encouraging your new cat and old cat to bond, you might end up disappointed. You can help the bonding process by transferring one cat’s scent to another cat. After you’re done petting one cat, take that scent on your hands and pet the other cat. There’s no way to force cats to bond, as they need to have compatible personalities, much like humans.
How beer made with 3D-printed rhino horns could save the rhinoceros 'It’s like providing fake trees for Christmas...' Selena Larson Published Jun 17, 2015 Updated May 28, 2021, 1:39 pm CDT Rhinoceros continue to be murdered for their horns, coveted by people in different parts of the world as pieces of art, handles for weapons, and most frequently for medicinal and homeopathic purposes that span centuries of tradition. Poaching has decimated the rhino population, especially in recent years. The western black rhino, a subspecies of the black rhino, was declared extinct in 2011, and only five northern white rhinos remain, all in captivity. Though conservation efforts have helped increase the number of rhinos left in the wild to almost 30,000, poaching numbers have skyrocketed since 2008. According to a report from The Guardian, 1,200 were killed in 2014, up from 1,004 in 2013, and 448 in 2011—compared to 83 in 2008. Matthew Markus thinks he has a solution—create genetically identical, synthetic rhinoceros horns through 3D-printing. Pembient, the year-old startup founded by Markus and biochemist George Bonaci that recently completed the IndieBio accelerator program in San Francisco, creates synthetic horns in powder and solid form from biological materials that make up the rhino horn found in nature. Markus’s passion for using code and DNA sequencing to solve biological problems goes back to the 1990s when, as a computer programmer, Markus began researching rhino poaching. But by the mid-90s, the crisis had abated. Now, with a background in statistical genetics at a time when poaching is a growing crisis, Markus decided to try once more at creating a synthetic solution. “One nice thing about computer programming is you can copy a program for very little marginal cost, I can give it to you and still retain a copy of it, and doing so there’s no fighting or violence or anything around that because it’s so readily easy to do,” Markus said in an interview. “I thought wouldn’t that be cool to do with biological objects.” To create the horn, Pembient gets keratins, the proteins that make up the majority of the horn, and uses synthetic biology to express those genes in other organisms and filter out keratins that are unique to the rhino. They are then pushed through a chemical process that combines other biological molecules including melanin and sulfur that make up the horn, and constructs a matrix that brings them all together. Information-carrying molecules like DNA are added to the mix, and when the solution finally dries, it forms a powder. The bio-printed result ends up looking like a rhino horn. As technology like DNA sequencing and synthetic biology continue to advance and become more accessible and affordable to startups, manufacturing biologically equivalent rhinoceros horns could be a potential solution to the poaching problem that’s on track to leave thousands of rhinos dead this year. Markus’s stance on rhino conservation is different from the approach environmental and animal rights organizations take to stop poaching. He believes that by eliminating access to rhino horns and other biological materials like tiger bones or elephant ivory—two other animal products that are used in traditional arts and medicines—ancient traditions would also disappear. Instead, providing lab-based solutions could help preserve both the animals and the culture. “Conservationists say ‘stop this practice, stop that practice,’ and it’s a zero sum game—all these traditions are going to die or all these animals are going to die, and I find that kind of horrible,” Markus said. “I think it would be great if you could basically provide products without harming the environment or the animals that can be used to carry on some of these traditions.” In a way, he said, it’s like providing fake trees for Christmas instead of cutting down real ones in the woods. The technical approach to solving the rhino poaching crisis isn’t without detractors. Two major organizations working for the protection of rhinos and eradication of the distribution of rhino horn products published a joint statement decrying the practice of producing synthetic rhino horns to stop poaching. Pembient has experience with nonprofits unaccepting of the company’s mission. On a trip to Vietnam to discuss the project with Education for Nature, Markus learned that the group tries to eliminate the market for rhino horn by “demanding reduction,” of the product. The organization crafts the message specifically to teach people to stop using the product in the first place. Volunteers told him that if it switches messages, it would end up confusing the marketplace. International Rhino Foundation and Save the Rhino International said that lab-created rhino horns won’t help save rhinoceros, and could, in fact, reduce the stigma surrounding purchasing rhino horn and products made from it, leading to an increase in the sale of illegal horns. The groups also said that more than 90% of rhino horns in circulation are fake, carved from buffalo horn or wood, two substances commonly used when actual rhino horns aren’t available. The statement also notes that law enforcement struggles to crack down on the black market sale of rhino horns and other animal products, and adding synthetic product could confuse the issues further. When legalized biological products enter the market, it could prove difficult to regulate if not sold through pre-approved vendors or with identification that ensures it’s a Pembient product, rather than something produced after killing an animal. But Markus said while it’s possible to create horns in a lab, that’s not what his company is planning on doing off the bat. And they won’t necessarily be selling whole horns to individuals or black market dealers. Instead, Pembient will focus on the powder product, and work with different partners to sell the powdered horn as an ingredient. The product will be branded and packaged much like beauty products or healthcare supplements, and companies can work with Pembient to include rhino horn as supplemental ingredients in their items, and individual sellers in emerging markets can get microloans to begin distributing the animal-friendly products. “At the end of the day what we’re building is indistinguishable from, or, at least, it would cost more to determine its authenticity, than the product itself,” he said. Pembient has already secured a partnership with a craft brewery in China, and will be test-marketing an initial product—powder mixed with beer—in the fall. It’s a limited run, and will test the waters for future partnerships and inclusion in more consumer products. Because the product is manufactured in a lab, Pembient can create horns and powders that are free from impurities, like pollution or other unhealthy toxins that might be absorbed into a rhino horn in the wild. The product is more pure than what a customer would get from dealing illegally, and if someone practices certain healthcare remedies that require a rhino horn, it would make more sense to buy from a U.S. dealer that can guarantee the product was created safely, with no impurities. Rhino horn becomes a luxury product. In this way, the rhino horn trade is a bit like the manufacturing and distribution of street drugs—lab-made pharmaceuticals are usually higher-quality than street drugs that can include cutting agents that make the drugs less potent or pure. “We’re from Washington, and we look at the marijuana trade a lot as some sort of analogy. When you look at the cross-border trading of marijuana, it’s way down between Mexico and the U.S. because people prefer to buy from legal, tax-paying businesses,” he said. “No one’s like ‘Let’s go shopping on the black market.’” Some government agencies and environmental groups advocate for the farming of rhinos to legalize the production and distribution of rhino horn, much like the farming of crocodile skins and other animal products that come from endangered species. Scaling the farming of one of the world’s oldest creatures is one of the difficulties advocates of this solution run into. There are 30,000 rhinos left in the wild, meaning there are about 150,000 kilograms of horn available, but the demand per year can exceed as much as 300,000. If poachers and dealers met the true demand, rhinos would be extinct in half a year. Even sustainable farming would be unlikely to reach that demand in the near future. A kilogram of rhino horn is worth as much as $60,000—more than the price of pure cocaine or some precious metals. Markus said that lab manufacturing can drive that price way down. Pembient can create product that would retail for one-eighth of the black market price. Pembient isn’t stopping at rhino horns. Markus also has plans to recreate hard materials like ivory or tiger bone. And even potentially manufacture synthetic biological artifacts from species that are already extinct, like a sabertooth tiger or a mammoth. To that end, Pembient and scientific partners want to do more to advance synthetic biology beyond a product, and give back to the scientific community. The company, along with Dr. Charles Murry, professor of pathology, bioengineering and cardiology at the University of Washington, launched the Black Rhino Genome Project, an attempt to sequence the genome of Diceros bicornis minor or the south-central black rhinoceros, a subspecies of the black rhino. Only a few thousand of these rhinos remain. Genome sequencing is complete for the endangered southern white rhino, but the Black Rhino Genome Project wants to analyze the DNA of all black rhino subspecies, including those that no longer exist—and there’s a possibility of a future project in which scientists could bring back one of the extinct subspecies using one of the existing subspecies. For now, the group is running a crowdfunding campaign to kick off the initial efforts—but the possibilities of tissue engineering through genome sequencing are endless. Now that the team has finished the accelerator program, Markus will travel to Vietnam and China to test the product and find potential partners, both businesses and nonprofit organizations, to help further the production of lab-created rhino horn. “I love animals, dogs, but I wasn’t necessarily in love with rhinos before this—but I’ve come to love them,” Markus said. “It’s more about solving a problem and trying to come up with a different type of solution.” Photo via Black Rhino Genome Project Share this article *First Published: Jun 17, 2015, 1:48 pm CDT
Birds are dinosaurs, but dinosaurs weren't birds Birds are dinosaurs, but dinosaurs weren't birds Birds are dinosaurs, but dinosaurs weren't birds For decades now, the drumbeat of dinosaur news has been their similarity to birds. They were warm-blooded! They had feathers! And they are still around, because birds are actually dinosaurs. All true, but those that were non-avian dinosaurs, as they are now called, were not all beak and tweet. They were closely related to other living reptiles like crocodiles, and new findings about how long their eggs took to hatch bring that point home. Scientists reported recently that by using a new technique on exceedingly rare fossils of unhatched dinosaur embryos, they determined that those embryos took twice as long to hatch as bird eggs of a similar size. The embryo of a large duck-billed dinosaur took at least six months to hatch, and the eggs of larger dinosaurs may have taken even longer. The long incubation times complicate thinking about dinosaur behaviour. While some kinds of dinosaurs may have tended their eggs and young, for others the difficulty of hanging around for most of a year to watch buried eggs would have been too much. And long incubation times mean slow reproduction, a definite disadvantage when a comet or asteroid slams into the planet, as happened 65 million years ago. But not birds. Gregory M Erickson of Florida State University, USA, the lead author of the study, in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, said the study was undertaken because fossil dinosaurs in the egg are so rare that “virtually nothing is known about their embryology.” David J Varricchio at Montana State University, USA, who has studied fossilised dinosaur eggs and was one of the scientists who reviewed the paper for the journal, said the research took a new line of evidence — embryonic tooth age — and the technique could prove valuable in future studies. Scientific opinions have varied on incubation times. David and other scientists had studied how porous fossilised eggshells were, which led them to conclude that the vast majority of dinosaur eggs were buried. And that behaviour, similar to living reptiles, suggested long incubation times, he said. But, Gregory said, most researchers thought that since dinosaurs were closely related to modern birds their incubation rates were birdlike. Gregory used teeth from rare fossil embryos found in fossilised eggs that were about to hatch. He and his colleagues counted daily growth markers in the teeth, calculating that tooth growth accounted for about 40% of incubation time. He worked with Mark A Norell, the head of paleontology at the American Museum of Natural History, USA, a co-author of the paper, to study a sample of teeth from 71- to 75-million-year-old embryos of Protoceratops, a sheep-sized dinosaur found in Mongolia. They came up with an incubation time of at least 83 days. Gregory said the information from embryo teeth was the first direct evidence of how many days non-avian dinosaurs took to hatch. Such long incubation periods raise all sorts of questions, Gregory said. How could dinosaurs have migrated, as some have suggested, if they spent most of a year with their eggs? The very long incubation times would have meant dinosaur parents staying in one place for a whole year defending eggs and young. Long incubation periods also meant that the dinosaurs had to pick nesting sites that would be protected for many months from floods, drought and predation. They were also not reproducing as fast as other animals at the time of the mass extinction 65 million years ago, which may have contributed to their disappearance. Birds, for example, had already appeared, and their incubation times were probably shorter. The incubation times would have been only one strike against the dinosaurs surviving a planetwide catastrophe, however. Gregory said they had other disadvantages. “These animals were profligate wasters of energy,” he said. They were big and warm-blooded and “even the smallest dinosaurs took over a year to mature,” including time after hatching. “The dinosaurs found themselves holding some bad cards,” he said. “They had a dead man’s hand.”
Search JTA's historical archive dating back to 1923 Despite Chavez’s Reforms, Most Caracas Jews Do Well The question of whether Jews have a future in Venezuela seemed far from the minds of the 900 or so people at the wedding of Jessica Horowitz and Alberto Israel. On Saturday night, a day before a crucial referendum on Venezuelaâ€™s constitution, Jews at the Union Israelita de Caracas synagogue in suburban San Bernardino were singing, dancing, eating and drinking with abandon. In a country where whiskey is cheaper than milk, bottles of chardonnay and champagne flowed freely, and women decked out in diamonds chatted among the kosher treats in the shulâ€™s enormous banquet hall. Despite their perilous political situation and the fact that roughly half of Venezuelaâ€™s Jews have emigrated over the last eight years, most of the Jews that have stayed live quite well. Many of Venezuelaâ€™s estimated 12,000 Jews enjoy luxuries most Jews elsewhere only can dream about: large sprawling houses with panoramic mountain views, full-time live-in maids, second homes in South Florida, expensive cars. Most of Venezuelaâ€™s biggest shopping malls and clothing factories are owned by Jews. While many have taken flight under the regime of President Hugo Chavez, who has nationalized major industries, embraced Iranian President Mahmoud Ahemedinejad and allowed expressions of anti-Semitism on state-controlled media, some Jewish businessmen have benefited from Chavezâ€™s rule. One Jewish businessman who asked not to be named said that some Jews have profited from the chaos that has emerged from rampant inflation that has dramatically eroded the value of Venezuelaâ€™s national currency, the bolivar. â€œBusiness is very good for people who import because they get dollars at government-subsidized rates, and they can then sell at a very good profit,â€ he said. The U.S. dollar is worth only 2,150 bolivares at the official rate, but it can fetch more than 6,000 bolivares on the illegal but largely tolerated black market. â€œIn my case, the government can control and pressure you, and make your life miserable,â€ the businessman said. The Chavez government has made no secret of its distaste for â€œcapitalists,â€ which includes the Jewish community. Despite the resentment, â€œwe still think this is the best place to live,â€ said Rodolfo Osers, a civil engineer who administers ORT programs in Venezuela. â€œChavez and his ideas are not enough to make us leave at this moment,â€ Osers told JTA. â€œBut we have to be prepared. Ten years ago, if someone asked you to work in the United States or Spain, you would have said no. But now, if any company or headhunter asks if you want a good job in the States, you wonâ€™t even think about it. Youâ€™ll accept.â€ Fifteen synagogues serve the Jews of Caracas, home to nearly the entire Jewish population of Venezuela. The shuls are Orthodox, though only 200 Jews in the country keep kosher. The Jewish community is divided equally between Ashkenazim and Sephardim, with both groups enjoying general prosperity in an oil-exporting country where 95 percent of the population endures grinding poverty. Not all Jews in Venezuela are wealthy, however. â€œThere are definitely poor Jews in Venezuela,â€ said Rabbi Chaim Raitport, a Brooklyn-born Chabad-Lubavitch rabbi who has lived in Caracas for the past 14 years. â€œIn fact, the Ashkenazi communityâ€™s biggest expense is buying medicine, hospitals, doctors and burials for poor people who canâ€™t afford it, and scholarships for children whose families canâ€™t pay the tuition.â€ Osers said every Jewish community has poor people: There has to be someone to whom to give tzedakah. â€œI wouldnâ€™t say there are poor Jews in the sense that theyâ€™re impoverished because weâ€™d be ashamed if we saw a Jew living that way,â€ Osers told JTA. â€œBut many Jews do need some financial help in order to live the same way that wealthy families live.â€ Recommended from JTA
As of yesterday, people in Ontario, Manitoba, Ontario, Saskatchewan and New Brunswick started paying MORE for gas as the carbon tax kicked into effect. So let’s take a quick look at the what, why and how much will I pay questions… Why a Carbon Tax? The government says that putting a price on carbon will reduce emissions 50-60 million tonnes by 2022 and will help ensure that Canada can meet the reduction targets it agreed to at the Paris climate summit. Why These Provinces in Particular? The federal government is imposing the plan because the provinces affected, did not set up their own provincially run carbon tax plans ( New Brunswick introduced a tax, but the federal government didn’t think it met federal climate change benchmarks). OK, So What Does this Mean for My Household Costs? Based on federal figures, the tax will result in an cost increase of 4.42 cents a litre for gasoline, 5.37 cents for home heating fuel, 3.91 cents per cubic metre for natural gas and 3.10 cents per litre for propane. Based on those figures, the average Ontario household will pay about $10 more a month for natural gas (based on average of 252 m3 of consumption) as of April 1. The figure will be lower in the summer but possibly a lot higher in the winter, when natural gas consumption for heating rises significantly. How Will the Carbon Tax Roll Out? Those costs are expected to rise each year as the carbon tax increases by $10/tonne until it hits $50 in 2022 — meaning those costs will more than double in less than three years’ time. Consumers will not pay the tax directly to the federal government; rather, Ottawa will impose the tax on fuel and production and distribution companies, which will in turn pass on those costs to customers. Do I get a Rebate? Yes. To compensate for the cost of living increase, the federal government says it will return every single dollar it collects in carbon tax to the people in the province in which it was collected. Here is how the average household (defined by Ottawa as 2.6 people) will receive from the federal government in Ontario: Ontario Premier Doug Ford is not a fan. He has described the carbon levy as a “job-killing” tax that will increase prices on everything. The US The U.S. does not have any kind of carbon levy or carbon charge so there are concerns from some critics that it will affect the bottom line and Canada’s ability to be competitive in the market. To receive similar content, “Like” us on Facebook @ Let us know what you think!
According to the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, approximately 27 million Americans over the age of 12-years-old reported using illicit drugs in 2014, yet there continues to be a lot of stigma in our society when it comes to the topic of addiction. Defining drug and alcohol misuse can be difficult because of the various opinions, values, and beliefs about the topic. However, it is defined as excessive use of the substance, craving the substance, consuming more of the substance than originally intended, needing more of the substance in order to get the desired effects, and experiencing negative symptoms when going an extended period of time without using the substance. Symptoms of drug misuse are dependent on the substance a person is using, however, drug may affect a person's familial relationships, mood, sleeping habits, level of attention, interpersonal relationships, personal health, and employment. Psychotherapy can provide a nonjudgmental support, assessment and psychoeducation and an increase in coping mechanisms if you are struggling with drug addiction. PeaceTree therapists with a concentration with substance use behaviors can provide you with the tools you need to manage your cravings and identify the triggers that may cause you to use illicit substances or alcohol. To request a new patient appointment click here . No image settings found. Please configure it
How does tourism boost the economy? Tourism boosts the revenue of the economy, creates thousands of jobs, develops the infrastructures of a country, and plants a sense of cultural exchange between foreigners and citizens. Governments that rely on tourism for a big percentage of their revenue invest a lot in the infrastructure of the country. Does tourism promote economic growth? Our empirical analysis confirms that medical tourism, on average, has a positive effect on host economies ‘ output growth, particularly in non-OECD countries. How much does tourism contribute to the economy? How tourism can help in GDP growth? We need to focus on policies that create well-paying jobs, increase exports and put India back on a high GDP growth track. Promoting tourism, in particular international tourism, could get us all three: more jobs, foreign exchange, and GDP growth. It will also improve India’s global image. You might be interested: Readers ask: What Communication Theory Will Be Used To Increase Tourism Visitors Into A Country? What are the negative effects of tourism on the economy? Another negative economic impact of tourism is the cost of infrastructure. Tourism development can cost the local government and local taxpayers a great deal of money. Tourism may require the government to improve the airport, roads and other infrastructure, which are costly. What are the positive effects of tourism on the economy? How can economic growth be improved? How does tourism improve standard of living? Tourism has an impact on economy, environment and society. The economic impact of tourism can make the population’s life easier if we consider the touristic incomes. It creates jobs, which generates income, as a result, the local standard of living can be raised, so they can travel in the future. Is medical tourism good for the economy? Most developing country governments see medical tourism as an opportunity to generate more national income and boost up the economy and therefore support it strongly. The hospitals need to maintain good infrastructure, staff and services to continue to pull in patients. You might be interested: How Is Morocco Tourism Affected By The Paris Attacks? What problems do you think tourism can bring to a country? The Disadvantages of Tourism • Cultural. • Culture Clashes. • Service Economy. • Seasonal Fluctuations. • Imbalanced Funding. • Foreign Poaching. • Tourism Dependence. What percentage of Spain GDP is tourism? In 2019, contribution of travel and tourism to GDP (% of GDP ) for Spain was 14.6 %. Why tourism is the biggest industry? What percentage of GDP is tourism? In 2019, contribution of travel and tourism to GDP (% of GDP ) for United States of America was 7.8 %. Similar Posts Leave a Reply
Veganism Impact Report The benefits of legalizing marijuana Marijuana, also known as cannabis is a drug that induces various physical and mental effects. The substance responsible for the majority of the psychoactive effects found in cannabis is tetrahydrocannabinol. This chemical is found in the range of five to fifteen percent. The most important argument in support legalizing marijuana is to take its production out of criminal hands and make it managed by law enforcement agencies. The production process would be controlled with authorities able to check for purity, quality, potency, and harmful chemicals prior to distribution to the public. To increase state revenue taxation could also be levied on cannabis products. This argument is linked to the assertion that legalizing marijuana would lead to an improved allocation of police resources. The legalization of marijuana has led in certain parts of the world to horrendous prison conditions for minor drug offenders and also diverts police resources from fighting violent criminals. Legalization allows authorities to take control of the distribution process. In order to ensure that the drugs are not distributed as candy to children, quality standards could be set. Dealers do not have the motivation to stop selling illegal substances to children as young as. The government would have the authority to impose taxes on marijuana, and provide them with an amount of the revenue from the production or distribution. The reduction in crime that legalization will result in a decrease in state costs due to less police presence being needed. The government would be in a position to regulate effects of marijuana cultivation on the environment when legalization is approved. Many worry that marijuana production in large quantities will cause soil erosion, depletion, contamination by chemicals and land loss. In allowing the state to regulate cultivation techniques, these negative environmental effects can be reduced or eliminated. Legalization can lead to better knowledge about marijuana. These programs could be targeted towards teenagers and children, educating them about possible side effects that marijuana can cause. Instead of being kept from people by drug dealers who have no incentive to keep their customers up to date, information about drug use that is safe can be made available to any with a desire to learn more about these substances. The state may also tax and regulate the trade in drugs in the event of legalization. Legalization could lead to higher revenues for the state, as well as the reduction of crime and its detrimental social effects. The negative environmental impacts of marijuana production can be mitigated or prevented by state authorities who will be watching cultivation techniques and growing locations. Better education programs about marijuana use may allow people to make informed decisions about the issue. In conclusion there are a lot of arguments for the legalization of marijuana and very few against it. Legalizing marijuana is a bad idea. The potential negative implications of criminalization outweigh the possible benefits. In all of these instances, it is evident that governments must legalize the production and distribution, and consumption of marijuana for personal recreational goals. For more information, click federal legalization bill
Readers ask: When Was Saint Joseph Born And When Did He Die? When was Saint Joseph born? When did St Joseph die Catholic? Although the veneration of Joseph seems to have begun in Egypt, the earliest Western devotion to him dates from the early 14th century, when the Servites, an order of mendicant friars, observed his feast on March 19, the traditional day of his death. How long did Saint Joseph live? Sainthood & Death Saint Joseph’s death finds no mention in any of the gospels or in any other credible source. However, it is believed that he died somewhere around 1 AD and several accounts also mention that he lived for 111 years. How old was Jesus when St Joseph died? We know from the gospels that Joseph was at least still alive when Jesus was twelve years old. Luke tells us how Joseph and Mary brought Jesus to Jerusalem at that age, where he spoke with the teachers of the law in the temple. But Joseph seems to have died by the time Jesus was 30 and began his ministry. You might be interested: Question: When Was Saint Joseph Canonized? What was Jesus last name? How old was Joseph at Jesus birth? How many children did Mary have after Jesus? Why did Joseph of Arimathea bury Jesus? After these things, Joseph of Arimathea, who was a disciple of Jesus, though a secret one because of his fear of the Jews, asked Pilate to let him take away the body of Jesus. And so, because it was the Jewish day of Preparation, and the tomb was nearby, they laid Jesus there. How much older was Joseph than Mary? You might be interested: Readers ask: Why Was Saint Joseph Made A Saint? How old was Virgin Mary when she had Jesus? Why was St Joseph made a saint? Who is Jesus a descendant of? Can you eat meat on St Joseph’s Day? It’s Friday, but Catholics are free to eat meat today, and the church is ok with it. For that, you can thank St. Joseph. 1251 Abstinence from meat, or from some other food as determined by the Episcopal Conference, is to be observed on all Fridays, unless a solemnity should fall on a Friday. Who is the father of Jesus? You might be interested: Readers ask: What Are 3 Things That Saint Joseph Do To Become A Saint? How old was Joseph when he was thrown in the pit? When Joseph was 17 years old Jacob gave him a special ornate robe of many colors. It was a long robe with long sleeves and it upset his working-class brothers because it put Joseph above them as his father’s right-hand man. Leave a Reply Related Post
The US Virgin Islands Department of Health confirmed two additional cases of Zika on St. Croix, bringing the total to 6 cases. This is not unexpected, and the Department of Health expects that there will continue to be more positive cases in the future. Aedes aegypti/CDC Aedes aegypti/CDC In addition, on March 1st, the Department of Health is reporting 4 new confirmed cases of dengue, bringing the total for 2016 to 7. There have not been any cases of dengue in the Territory since January 2015, when there were 19 suspected and 3 laboratory confirmed as probable cases. Both Zika and dengue are potentially dangerous for pregnant women. Zika may be associated with birth defects (microcephaly), and pregnant women are at higher risk of severe complications from dengue fever. Any pregnant woman experiencing symptoms should see their healthcare provider for evaluation. They should also avoid ibuprofen, aspirin, or aspirin-containing drugs until dengue can be ruled out to reduce the risk of hemorrhage. Pregnant women who have a fever should be treated with acetaminophen (Paracetamol or Tylenol®.) as it is not associated with increased risk for hemorrhagic complications. Zika has been confirmed to be transmitted sexually, and the CDC now recommends that pregnant women in areas with active Zika transmission, such as in the USVI, should either use condoms the right way every time they have sex or they should not have sex during the pregnancy. Sexual transmission of dengue has not been confirmed, but it is theoretically possible. Since both dengue and Zika cases are currently present in the Territory, all people, but especially pregnant women and their sexual partners, should enhance their efforts to reduce their risk of becoming infected by using insect repellents, wearing long-sleeved shirts and long pants, staying in places with air conditioning or that use window and door screens to keep mosquitoes outside and sleeping under a mosquito bed net.
Home > Environment, Science & Technology > The ecological cost of subsidies The ecological cost of subsidies September 13, 2008 The declining condition of our fisheries is in large part due to the floating factories that pass for fishing boats now. Using unsustainable methods, they “sweep the sea clean”, as The Simpson’s Montgomery Burns likes to say. But it doesn’t have to be that way. Turns out those monster fishing boats depend on subsidies granted for political, rather than economic or ecological reasons. Shifting Baselines has the story: Funding Priorities: Big Barriers to Small-scale Fisheries Small-scale fisheries use much less fuel than industrial fisheries. They also discard fewer fish, convert almost none of their catch into fishmeal (to feed farmed fish, pigs, and chicken), and favor the use of labor over capital. Despite these more ‘sustainable’ traits, small-scale fisheries are disadvantaged by subsidies that go to industrial fishing fleets and keep big boats out on the water. This bias occurs because, as Daniel Pauly says, “small-scale fishers don’t golf.” The differential in resource efficiency between large and small fisheries is really quite striking – go check it out. If we stopped all long-term production subsidies tomorrow, corn would still be grown, cars would still be built, oil would still be pumped out of the ground, minerals would still be mined, and fish would still be caught. If any specific commodity cost more, at least consumers would pay for it directly instead of through taxes. This would leave short-term subsidies, intended to weather a crisis or jump-start an industry deemed important for whatever reason. And those subsidies, like a gallon of (subsidized) milk, should have expiration dates on them. 1. September 13, 2008 at 18:14 \| #1 How dare you question the capitalist nature of big-business fishers. How dare you question their efficiencies and impact on the environment. TERRORIST!!!! 2. james old guy September 14, 2008 at 12:30 \| #2 You will find the vast majority are not American flagged or owned. 3. September 14, 2008 at 12:40 \| #3 Yes. They receive foreign subsidies. Production subsidies are just as bad an idea in other countries as they are here. 4. September 14, 2008 at 21:11 \| #4 I’ve never understood why profitable industries need subsidies, or why unprofitable industries deserve them. 5. September 17, 2008 at 21:26 \| #5 Looks like the European Union is starting to see the situation a little more clearly. Or pretending to, we’ll see what they do. Comments are closed.
Seaside and Wayside, Book Two by Julia McNair Wright The Ants at Home W E have taken a look at the ants and have seen how the hill is made. Let us now see how the ants live in their hill-home. When we go to visit them, we shall find ants running all about the hill and in the halls. These are the work ants. Some seem to stand on the hill to watch lest any danger may come near. When the drone ants and the queens are young, the work ants let them go out and fly. When they go out, the drones do not often come back. They get lost or die. The young queens come back, except those who go off to make new hills. But when the young queen settles down in life, to her work of laying eggs, the workers do not let her leave the hill any more. How do they keep her in? If she has not taken off her pretty wings, they take them off and throw them away! If she tries to walk off, a worker picks her up in its jaws and carries her back. The ants are kind to their queen. They feed her and pet her, and she becomes very lazy. She does not even care to lay her eggs in a nice clean place. The idle queen drops her eggs anywhere. The kind worker ants pick them up, and take them to a soft bedroom. When there are too many young queens in one hill, they do not have a war, as the bees do. The workers settle the trouble, by taking off the wings of some of the young queens, and turning them into work ants. This is done before the queens begin to lay eggs. New-born ants and queens, who do not go out into the sunshine, are of a light color. The other ants are dark. In cold, wet weather the ants stay at home. If a rain comes up when they are out, they hurry back. Early in the day, and late in the afternoon, they all seem to be very busy. In the hot hours of the day they stay in the hill and rest. In very hot lands the ants stir about all winter. Such ants lay up stores of food. You shall hear of them by and by. In cooler lands, during winter, the ants are asleep, or, as we say, are torpid. The young swarms usually go out in autumn. I have seen very large swarms in the spring. Ants like sugar and honey best of all food. They get honey from flowers, and in other ways of which I will soon tell you. Some like seeds which have a sweet taste. For this reason they eat some kinds of grass-seeds, oats, apple-seeds, and such things. Ants take their food by licking it. Their little rough tongues wear away bits of the seed; they also suck up the oil and juice. They seem to press the food with their jaws. It has been found out that they know how to moisten their food and make it soft. If you give them dry sugar or cake, they turn it into a kind of paste or honey. Then it is easier to suck or drink it up. If you put a nest of ants with plenty of earth into a large glass jar, and put some food near by for the ants to eat, they may settle down in the jar, to make a home. If you cover the outside of the jar with thick, dark paper, the ants may build close to the glass. Then, when you take off the paper, you will be able to see the halls and storerooms. You might put such a jar in a safe place out of doors. Then you would be able to study the ants, as they roam around near by, or do their work inside the jar.
How to Distinguish Swimming Styles Swimming is a popular physical activity that trains the muscles of your entire body. You can use different techniques to swim. 5-Minute Crafts has created a short guide on 4 of the most important swimming styles. Front crawl This swimming stroke is also widely known as freestyle since it is usually chosen for the freestyle event by professional swimmers due to its speed. Besides being the fastest stroke, it is aggressive and should be executed as precisely as possible. The front crawl consists of lying on your stomach and holding your body parallel to the surface of the water. Your arms make windmill-like movements while the body is propelled with flutter kicks: the feet are pointed and the legs should not be bent at the knees. The swimmer should be turning their head to the side while their arm is above water and use this interval for breathing. The main downside of front crawl swimming is that it leads to quicker fatigue. Backstroke is just like front crawl, but performed on the back. It is highly advised for people suffering from back pain. This swim style requires propelling yourself backward while floating on your back and making circular arm movements. The entire body should be in a straight position and the legs kept close together underwater. The face remains above water with the swimmer looking straight up. Again, the breathing should match the swimmer’s strokes despite the constant air access. However, the downside is that it sunlight blinds our vision when we practice backstroke swimming outdoors in sunny weather. This is the slowest, but the most popular swimming technique, especially among beginners. It is considered the easiest to learn and its simple form does not require submerging the head. The professional swimmer, however, does need to put their head underwater. Breaststroke is performed by the simultaneous circular movement of the arms slightly below water. The key movement are the whip kicks that are reminiscent of a frog swimming: the swimmer needs to bring their legs toward their torso by bending at the knees and hips. The legs then move outward, extend, and come back together. In order to propel effectively, it is important to match the arm and leg movements: the arms should rest during the kick and the legs should straighten while the arms push the body forward. The whole upper body should rise above the surface of the water during propulsion. Experts claim that the timing is hard to master, though. It is considered, however, that the downside of the breaststroke technique is that it may cause problems with your knees. This is a tiring, hard-to-learn stroke that represents the toughest cardio workout among all the swimming styles. The butterfly stroke is performed by starting horizontally. The body should be kept as flat as possible with a face-down position while maintaining eye direction 90 degrees below you to the bottom of the pool. The swimmer goes forward by bringing their arms over their head simultaneously and then pushing them into the water. This way they are propelled forward and their head and shoulders should be pushed above the water. Then the arms are brought up out of the water. The dolphin kick is executed by imitating the dolphin’s lower body movement, which requires keeping the legs together and straight. The body movement resembles a wave motion. As the most physically challenging of all swimming styles, the butterfly stroke brings extreme fatigue to shoulder muscles. Share This Article
Why the Skin Wrinkles When It’s in the Water for a Long Time We’ve all noticed that after being in the water for a long time, the skin wrinkles. Some people think that the epidermis just gets swollen because of the water. But scientists have a different answer. 5-Minute Crafts is going to tell you why our feet and palms become wrinkled in the water. Skin anatomy Our skin consists of 3 layers. • Epidermis: It’s the outermost skin layer that has a protective function. It also prevents water evaporation from the body. • Dermis: It’s the middle skin layer that contains blood vessels, nerve endings, hair roots, and sweat glands. • Hypodermis: It’s the inner skin layer, consisting of fats and connective tissue. Let’s talk about the epidermis. It also consists of 5 sublayers. • Stratum corneum • Stratum lucidum • Stratum granulosum • Stratum spinosum • Stratum basale The stratum corneum is the uppermost layer of the epidermis. In the epidermis, new cells remain below and the old ones are pushed up. The processes of new cell formation and their death go on for a person’s entire life. Where skin wrinkles come from For a long time, people thought that the wrinkles appeared because the upper epidermis layer swelled due to the water. The explanation went something like this: The skin is covered in sebum that protects and moisturizes it. This protective layer also repels water. Thanks to this, the water just flows down our bodies and doesn’t get into the skin. But if the body is in the water for a long time, the water washes the sebum off and the water does, in fact, get through. But later, scientists found a connection between skin wrinkling and the work of the blood vessels. It turned out that wrinkling was part of an involuntary (automatic) response of the nervous system. When you’re in the water, your nervous system sends a signal to the blood vessels to shrink. The narrowed blood vessels reduce the volume of the fingertips slightly, causing loose folds of skin that form wrinkles. Why we need these wrinkles It might seem that the wrinkles are completely useless, but studies show they are not. So, according to one explanation, wrinkles on people’s hands and feet helped them survive. Wrinkly fingers grab wet objects better and faster. And wrinkles on the feet create better friction when walking in the rain. It was easier for our ancestors to grab food out of the water or from wet plants. Not everyone has this mechanism. Having wrinkles on the skin after being in the water is totally normal, but not all people have this reaction. Scientists found that when certain nerves are damaged, the skin doesn’t get wrinkled. Share This Article
Skip to content AI (Artificial Intelligence) in Auditing The word “AI” refers to computer systems that have some resemblance to human intellect. It includes data mining, machine learning, speech recognition, image identification, and sentiment analysis, among other technologies. AI is already being used in a variety of fields, including autonomous vehicles, home energy systems, and investment portfolio management. Accounting and auditing will be impacted as well. Aspects of AI that benefit auditing AI allows for the examination of a large amount of data and the detection of outliers or exceptions. Machine learning, for example, can be used to automatically code accounting items. Auditors can increase fraud detection by using advanced machine learning-based models. Deep learning, a type of AI that can evaluate unstructured data like emails, social media postings, and conference call audio files, is likely to further change the audit. Humans can assess a bigger number of contracts, such as leases, in a much quicker timescale using machine learning methods than they can with a standard manual review. In a recent pilot, AI technologies were able to accurately extract information from lease contracts in the vast majority of situations using pre-selected criteria — a higher level of precision than the typical human reviewer. Internal auditors can use artificial intelligence, which uses algorithms to discover and interpret patterns and anomalies in data sets, to more quickly identify areas of risk and do a variety of other jobs. Artificial intelligence systems can take into account both internal and external data, allowing organizations to spot growing dangers and hazards they hadn’t considered before. For example, suppose a government entity sought to audit the COVID-19-related benefits payments. Instead of starting from zero, AI would allow the agency to create a risk register with data from previous benefit payment audits. AI will help auditors optimize their time by allowing them to use their human judgment to examine a bigger and deeper range of data and documents, allowing them to perform better and smarter. It also allows them to ask better questions and communicate more with CFOs, audit committees, and business boards, enhancing the audit process’ value. As a result, AI may be able to contribute to higher-quality audits – and an exciting future for auditors. Thank you, Aishwarya Pramod for your article on AI error: Content is protected !!
5 Signs Which Tell That You Might Be Talking To A Bot Is it a bot or a human? It’s a question that not only perturbs users but swung the electorate and surpassed human-generated online traffic. In business settings, bots are automating a slew of low-level tasks such as answering routine bank related queries, facilitating transactions and being the front-end in customer service support. Leading big tech firms Microsoft, Twitter, Facebook and emerging startups have embedded chatbots into their daily workings in some form or the other. In the past, there were reports about bots turning notorious, for example Facebook bot developed its own language or Twitter bot turned abusive. This is just one scenario where bots learnt on it own, there are other scenarios where people intentionally develop these bots with malicious intentions. For instance, consider web crawlers, although these are used to collect data from websites to modify and update content, they can sometimes be disguised to extract personal data like users’ bank details, tracking passwords and keystrokes etc. Fraudsters always have a trick or two up their sleeves when it comes to exploiting internet bots like these. In this article, we list down the most probable signs to spot a bot and keep you safe from the trap. These signs will definitely tell you if are talking to a bot. 1. Language And Semantics One of the most important things to notice if you are interacting with a bot or not, is the language. Generally, bots are programmed with a set of responses and a specific algorithm(s) based on semantics in the language. So, if we input something impertinent or irrelevant to the language or semantics while interacting with them, it will shell out vague or invalid responses. This is logically in line with human interaction. But, if you are genuinely feeding appropriate inputs and get odd results, chances are that it may a bot designed to target you for information. A definite instance could be, responses being repetitive or out of context with respect to conversation. 2. Soliciting Sensitive Information When in conversation with someone new you don’t really know well, if you are asked to give out sensitive or confidential information (passwords and PINs) out of the blue, it could very well be a malicious bots set out to extract sensitive information from users. By keeping you more engrossed in the conversation you may not even realise sometimes. 3. Eccentrically Fast Believe it or not, just like the mass mailers send spam mails at one go, bots can also behave the same way. For example, on Twitter, one of the parameters for spotting fakebot is if there is a spike in activity or replying insanely fast to your queries. Another instance would be sending suspicious links or product-related messages frequently. If you spot erratic messages coming from the other end, it is highly likely this a bot attack. Although avoiding them is the best remedy, bots are usually persistent and come unsolicited. At best, reporting them to the representative authority or law enforcements is advisable. Other ways are to divert conversations with random topics or using humor. 4. Unsecure Web Environment This may seem trivial at first, but if neglected, it can cause a havoc for users. Generally, websites use secure methods such as HTTPS protocol to protect them from attackers. But, if you are bombarded with an unusual web page design or link (without HTTPS), chances are that they are deployed with bots designed and operated by attackers. Although, attackers exploit vulnerabilities all by themselves, there are cases of bots being present on a large scale. 5. Picking On Controversial Topics You might have seen Twitter’s aggressive stance in shutting down fake profiles a few months ago, with most of them believed to be bots and trolls. This was in response to speculations on Russia’s involvement in the US Presidential elections in 2016, which was mostly done through social media. Interestingly, a lot of famous users lost a sizable as Twitter purged fake bots from its platform recently. Another interesting research study, published recently in American Journal of Public Health show that bots have a negative effect on public health. The study focussed on vaccine-related messages on Twitter. With more than a million tweets analysed for 3 years, they found that most of them were Russian trolls and bots. The research paper stated, “Whereas bots that spread malware and unsolicited content disseminated anti vaccine messages, Russian trolls promoted discord. Accounts masquerading as legitimate users create false equivalency, eroding public consensus on vaccination.” Bots that perpetuate controversial propaganda proliferate Internet platforms/websites, and have dire consequences if neglected or goes unrealised. If you chance upon one, you are sure to notice the theme that follows it— messages, requests, biased information and so on. Therefore, it is advised not to heed and spread these misled information. With huge amount of data flooding the online space, it is very hard to determine each and every source it emerges from. Specifically social media, now the breeding ground for bots, are difficult to curb as it can also lead to the danger of bot profiles/accounts actually misdirecting moderators to look at wrong people’s accounts or even kick-start malicious campaigns. More Great AIM Stories Abhishek Sharma I research and cover latest happenings in data science. My fervent interests are in latest technology and humor/comedy (an odd combination!). When I'm not busy reading on these subjects, you'll find me watching movies or playing badminton. More Stories Organized by Analytics India Magazine View Event >> 30th Apr \| Virtual conference Organized by Analytics India Magazine View Event >> 3 Ways to Join our Community Discord Server Stay Connected with a larger ecosystem of data science and ML Professionals Telegram Channel Subscribe to our newsletter Get the latest updates from AIM
Food for thought Food for thought is about the words that we use in our everyday life, and what message they actually send to our brain as a command on how to act or feel. Creates no change to any situation, in fact it leaves us feeling angry, frustrated and upset. When we blame someone or something, the information that the brain receives is that “I can’t do anything, I am helpless” the other person/thing is in charge of me, my life, and this is what makes us feel angry, frustrated and upset. We have learnt to look outside of ourselves for the reason or solution, when the solution is within us. We just have to look or ask ourselves “what can I change here”. When we look outside we want the other person to change, and most likely they want you to change, so nothing is going to change or be resolved. In this situation the tissue of the body stores the unresolved emotions of anger, frustration and upset, which it will do willingly as we have told it to do, many times before. Over time the layers of the tissue become tired and weak, so the body will recruit another layer to help hold the emotion hidden from us, until eventually we will notice that this area in our body is sore, uncomfortable or not just right, and then sadly we will most likely take something to numb the area and emotions. What would it be like if we asked ourselves “What is my part in this, what can I change, do, say or think, that would change this situation in just the smallest way”. When we look to ourselves for the change, we empower ourselves to take charge of our lives and create the change that we want. When we change even the smallest part, we have started the change of the whole.
Ayurvedic treatment for What is Atherosclerosis What is Atherosclerosis Know More on Cardiology What is Atherosclerosis Ayurvedic treatment Atherosclerosis is a condition wherein arteries are clogged with fatty substances called plaques, or atheroma. The arteries thus become harden and narrow, limiting the oxygen supply and blood flow to vital organs. This increases the risk of blood clots that could potentially block the flow of blood to the heart or brain causing heart attacks and brain attack (strokes)..1 According to Ayurveda, in atherosclerosis there is an increased Vata in blood vessels causing its degeneration thus making it hard, thin, and rough. Deposits of lipids and calcium represent increase in Kapha (water & earth element) in the degenerated vessels resulting in irregular thickening of blood vessels.2 Disclaimer: The information on this page is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Do not use this information to diagnose or ayurvedic treatment of cardiology and/or atherosclerosis without consulting the doctor. Consult your physician before beginning an exercise regime. "While we have products /ayurvedic medicines for cardiology and/or atherosclerosis, you must consult an authorized physician before taking any of the products. For more information on products, visit www.dabur.com or call 1800-103-1644" Related Articles

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