texts
stringlengths 57
72.4k
| questions
stringlengths 4
60
| answers
dict |
|---|---|---|
Samuel Winfield Lewis (October 1, 1930 – March 10, 2014) was an American diplomat. During a lengthy career with the United States Department of State, he served as Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs (1975–1977), U.S. ambassador to Israel (1977–1985) and Director of Policy Planning (1993–1994). As ambassador to Israel, Lewis played a major part in brokering the Camp David Accords between Israel and Egypt. He also headed the United States Institute of Peace from 1987 through 1993.
Early life and education
Born in Houston, Texas, Lewis received an A.B. from Yale University in 1952 and an M.A. from the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies in 1954. Lewis initially intended on enlisting in the military, but failed his physical exam because of a bad knee.
Career
Lewis joined the United States Foreign Service in 1954 and served as consular officer at Naples. From 1955 to 1959, he was a political officer and acting principal officer in Florence. From 1959 to 1961, he was officer in charge of Italian Affairs in the State Department. From 1961 to 1962, Lewis served as Special Assistant to the United States Under Secretary of State.
In 1963 and 1964, he was a visiting fellow at Princeton University. He served as Deputy Assistant Director for Technical Cooperation at the United States Agency for International Development in Rio de Janeiro, on detail, and in 1966 he was executive assistant to the Ambassador in Rio de Janeiro. In 1966 Lewis received the Meritorious Honor Award and USAID Meritorious Honor Award.In 1967 and 1968, Lewis was Assistant Director for Development in the Office of Brazilian Affairs at USAID, and in 1968, he became Deputy Director of that office. In 1968 and 1969, he was a senior staff member on the United States National Security Council.
In 1969, Lewis was Special Assistant for Policy Planning in the Bureau of Inter-American Affairs, and in 1970 and 1971, he was special assistant to the Director General of the Foreign Service.
From 1971 to 1974, Lewis was Deputy Chief of Mission at the Embassy of the United States, Kabul. He was Deputy Director of the Policy Planning staff from 1974 until 1975, when he became Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs.
Israel and Camp David Accords
From 1977 to 1985, Lewis served as Ambassador to Israel under Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan, the second longest tenure of any US Ambassador to Israel. As ambassador, Lewis had a major role in negotiating the Camp David peace talks in 1978 that resulted in a historic treaty between Egypt and Israel
The Camp David Accords were signed September 17, 1978, and within months, Menachem Begin and Anwar Sadat were jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. A formal treaty between Egypt and Israel was announced the next year, calling for Israel to withdraw its forces from the Sinai Peninsula and placing limits on Egypt's military presence in the region.
Later life
In 2004, Lewis was among 27 retired diplomats and military commanders who publicly stated that the George W. Bush Administration did not understand the world and was unable to handle "in either style or substance" the responsibilities of global leadership. On June 16, 2004, the Diplomats and Military Commanders for Change issued a statement against the Iraq War.Lewis was a frequent guest commentator on Middle Eastern issues for television and radio. In 2009, he featured in a documentary directed by Harry Hunkele called Back Door Channels: The Price of Peace. Back Door Channels takes its name from the role unofficial back channels of communication, often through third-party countries and private businessmen, played in securing peace between Israel and Egypt. The film included interviews with many original participants in the historic first peace process between the governments, including former U.S. President Jimmy Carter and other world leaders.
In 2011 the United States Institute of Peace dedicated the Samuel W. Lewis Hall.Lewis sat on the U.S. Advisory Council of the Israel Policy Forum, and was involved in the J Street project. He was also an active board member of the American Academy of Diplomacy.
Personal life
Lewis and his wife, Sallie Lewis (née Smoot) were married for over 60 years. The couple had two children. Lewis died of lung cancer in McLean, Virginia, on March 10, 2014, at the age of 83.
References
External links
Appearances on C-SPAN
|
given name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Samuel"
]
}
|
The Entlebuch Biosphere is a natural reserve at the foot of the Alps, and includes the 395 km² valley of the Little Emme River between Bern and Lucerne in the Swiss Canton of Lucerne.
In September 2001, the region became the second UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in Switzerland, after the Swiss National Park.
See also
Entlebuch (district)
Nature parks in Switzerland
External links
Entlebuch Biosphere
UNESCO Biosphere directory website
[1]
|
country
|
{
"answer_start": [
260
],
"text": [
"Switzerland"
]
}
|
The Entlebuch Biosphere is a natural reserve at the foot of the Alps, and includes the 395 km² valley of the Little Emme River between Bern and Lucerne in the Swiss Canton of Lucerne.
In September 2001, the region became the second UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in Switzerland, after the Swiss National Park.
See also
Entlebuch (district)
Nature parks in Switzerland
External links
Entlebuch Biosphere
UNESCO Biosphere directory website
[1]
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
95
],
"text": [
"valley"
]
}
|
The Entlebuch Biosphere is a natural reserve at the foot of the Alps, and includes the 395 km² valley of the Little Emme River between Bern and Lucerne in the Swiss Canton of Lucerne.
In September 2001, the region became the second UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in Switzerland, after the Swiss National Park.
See also
Entlebuch (district)
Nature parks in Switzerland
External links
Entlebuch Biosphere
UNESCO Biosphere directory website
[1]
|
located in the administrative territorial entity
|
{
"answer_start": [
144
],
"text": [
"Lucerne"
]
}
|
The Entlebuch Biosphere is a natural reserve at the foot of the Alps, and includes the 395 km² valley of the Little Emme River between Bern and Lucerne in the Swiss Canton of Lucerne.
In September 2001, the region became the second UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in Switzerland, after the Swiss National Park.
See also
Entlebuch (district)
Nature parks in Switzerland
External links
Entlebuch Biosphere
UNESCO Biosphere directory website
[1]
|
Store norske leksikon ID
|
{
"answer_start": [
4
],
"text": [
"Entlebuch"
]
}
|
Lizbeth Yareli Salazar Vázquez (born 8 December 1996 in Culiacán, Sinaloa) is a Mexican road and track cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Women's Continental Team A.R. Monex.She won at the 2014 Central American and Caribbean Games the points race and won silver in the team pursuit and scratch. She represented her nation at the 2015 UCI Track Cycling World Championships.
Major results
2014
Central American and Caribbean Games
1st Points Race
2nd Scratch Race
2nd Team Pursuit (with Jessica Bonilla, Íngrid Drexel and Mayra del Rocio Rocha)
2nd Scratch Race, Pan American Track Championships
2nd Scratch Race, Copa Internacional de Pista (U23)
3rd Scratch Race, Copa Internacional de Pista
2015
3rd Team Pursuit, Pan American Games (with Sofía Arreola, Mayra del Rocio Rocha and Íngrid Drexel)
2016
Pan American Track Championships
1st Scratch Race
2nd Omnium
2nd Team Pursuit (with Sofía Arreola, Jessica Bonilla and Mayra Del Rocio Rocha)
Copa Guatemala de Ciclismo de Pista
1st Points Race
1st Omnium
2nd Scratch Race
3rd 500m Time Trial2018
2nd Omnium, International Belgian Track Meeting
References
External links
Lizbeth Salazar at ProCyclingStats
|
place of birth
|
{
"answer_start": [
56
],
"text": [
"Culiacán"
]
}
|
Lizbeth Yareli Salazar Vázquez (born 8 December 1996 in Culiacán, Sinaloa) is a Mexican road and track cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Women's Continental Team A.R. Monex.She won at the 2014 Central American and Caribbean Games the points race and won silver in the team pursuit and scratch. She represented her nation at the 2015 UCI Track Cycling World Championships.
Major results
2014
Central American and Caribbean Games
1st Points Race
2nd Scratch Race
2nd Team Pursuit (with Jessica Bonilla, Íngrid Drexel and Mayra del Rocio Rocha)
2nd Scratch Race, Pan American Track Championships
2nd Scratch Race, Copa Internacional de Pista (U23)
3rd Scratch Race, Copa Internacional de Pista
2015
3rd Team Pursuit, Pan American Games (with Sofía Arreola, Mayra del Rocio Rocha and Íngrid Drexel)
2016
Pan American Track Championships
1st Scratch Race
2nd Omnium
2nd Team Pursuit (with Sofía Arreola, Jessica Bonilla and Mayra Del Rocio Rocha)
Copa Guatemala de Ciclismo de Pista
1st Points Race
1st Omnium
2nd Scratch Race
3rd 500m Time Trial2018
2nd Omnium, International Belgian Track Meeting
References
External links
Lizbeth Salazar at ProCyclingStats
|
Commons category
|
{
"answer_start": [
1133
],
"text": [
"Lizbeth Salazar"
]
}
|
Lizbeth Yareli Salazar Vázquez (born 8 December 1996 in Culiacán, Sinaloa) is a Mexican road and track cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Women's Continental Team A.R. Monex.She won at the 2014 Central American and Caribbean Games the points race and won silver in the team pursuit and scratch. She represented her nation at the 2015 UCI Track Cycling World Championships.
Major results
2014
Central American and Caribbean Games
1st Points Race
2nd Scratch Race
2nd Team Pursuit (with Jessica Bonilla, Íngrid Drexel and Mayra del Rocio Rocha)
2nd Scratch Race, Pan American Track Championships
2nd Scratch Race, Copa Internacional de Pista (U23)
3rd Scratch Race, Copa Internacional de Pista
2015
3rd Team Pursuit, Pan American Games (with Sofía Arreola, Mayra del Rocio Rocha and Íngrid Drexel)
2016
Pan American Track Championships
1st Scratch Race
2nd Omnium
2nd Team Pursuit (with Sofía Arreola, Jessica Bonilla and Mayra Del Rocio Rocha)
Copa Guatemala de Ciclismo de Pista
1st Points Race
1st Omnium
2nd Scratch Race
3rd 500m Time Trial2018
2nd Omnium, International Belgian Track Meeting
References
External links
Lizbeth Salazar at ProCyclingStats
|
family name
|
{
"answer_start": [
15
],
"text": [
"Salazar"
]
}
|
Lizbeth Yareli Salazar Vázquez (born 8 December 1996 in Culiacán, Sinaloa) is a Mexican road and track cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Women's Continental Team A.R. Monex.She won at the 2014 Central American and Caribbean Games the points race and won silver in the team pursuit and scratch. She represented her nation at the 2015 UCI Track Cycling World Championships.
Major results
2014
Central American and Caribbean Games
1st Points Race
2nd Scratch Race
2nd Team Pursuit (with Jessica Bonilla, Íngrid Drexel and Mayra del Rocio Rocha)
2nd Scratch Race, Pan American Track Championships
2nd Scratch Race, Copa Internacional de Pista (U23)
3rd Scratch Race, Copa Internacional de Pista
2015
3rd Team Pursuit, Pan American Games (with Sofía Arreola, Mayra del Rocio Rocha and Íngrid Drexel)
2016
Pan American Track Championships
1st Scratch Race
2nd Omnium
2nd Team Pursuit (with Sofía Arreola, Jessica Bonilla and Mayra Del Rocio Rocha)
Copa Guatemala de Ciclismo de Pista
1st Points Race
1st Omnium
2nd Scratch Race
3rd 500m Time Trial2018
2nd Omnium, International Belgian Track Meeting
References
External links
Lizbeth Salazar at ProCyclingStats
|
given name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Lizbeth"
]
}
|
Safdarjung Road (Hindi: सफ़दरजंग मार्ग) is a main road in New Delhi, India, named after the 18th century Tomb of Safdarjung near it. At the north end, the road stretches from the junction of the Teen Murti Marg, Akbar Road, Rajaji Marg and Lok Kalyan Marg, which is a roundabout. At the south end it stretches up to the junction of Prithviraj Road, Tughlaq Road and Sri Aurobindo Marg. There is a single junction/crossing at the Kemal Atatürk Marg and Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Road section.
Former Prime Minister Manmohan Singh stayed at 19 Safdarjung Road until he became PM in May 2004.
Important places
The residence of the former Prime Minister of India, Indira Gandhi is located at 1, Safdarjung Road. She was assassinated there on 31 October 1984, by two of her bodyguards, while going towards the neighbouring 1, Akbar Road Congress office for an interview. The guards carried grievances against her for the way she had handled Operation Blue Star. The prime minister's house was subsequently turned into the ‘Indira Gandhi Memorial Museum’.Prior to being the Prime Minister's office, this was the residence of former Chief Justice of India Sudhi Ranjan Das.
== References ==
|
country
|
{
"answer_start": [
69
],
"text": [
"India"
]
}
|
Safdarjung Road (Hindi: सफ़दरजंग मार्ग) is a main road in New Delhi, India, named after the 18th century Tomb of Safdarjung near it. At the north end, the road stretches from the junction of the Teen Murti Marg, Akbar Road, Rajaji Marg and Lok Kalyan Marg, which is a roundabout. At the south end it stretches up to the junction of Prithviraj Road, Tughlaq Road and Sri Aurobindo Marg. There is a single junction/crossing at the Kemal Atatürk Marg and Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Road section.
Former Prime Minister Manmohan Singh stayed at 19 Safdarjung Road until he became PM in May 2004.
Important places
The residence of the former Prime Minister of India, Indira Gandhi is located at 1, Safdarjung Road. She was assassinated there on 31 October 1984, by two of her bodyguards, while going towards the neighbouring 1, Akbar Road Congress office for an interview. The guards carried grievances against her for the way she had handled Operation Blue Star. The prime minister's house was subsequently turned into the ‘Indira Gandhi Memorial Museum’.Prior to being the Prime Minister's office, this was the residence of former Chief Justice of India Sudhi Ranjan Das.
== References ==
|
Commons category
|
{
"answer_start": [
1012
],
"text": [
"Indira Gandhi Memorial"
]
}
|
The Folie Tristan d’Oxford, also known as the Oxford Folie Tristan, The Madness of Tristan, or Tristan’s Madness, is a poem in 998 octosyllabic lines written in Anglo-Norman, the form of the Norman language spoken in England. It retells an episode from the Tristan legend in which Tristan disguises himself as a madman to win his way back to Ysolt. The poem can be dated to the period 1175–1200, but the name of the author is unknown. It is not to be confused with the Folie Tristan de Berne, a different medieval poem on the same subject, each work taking its name from the city in which the manuscript is now kept.The scholar Frederick Whitehead wrote that it "handle[s] with humour, vivacity, and poignant feeling the dramatic possibilities of the theme". The critic Joseph Bédier considered it a more beautiful poem than the Folie Tristan de Berne, and, comparing it with its major source, the Tristan of Thomas, judged that though it has neither the grace nor the preciousness of that romance, it equals it in sincerity and intensity of emotion and surpasses it in energy and eloquence.
Synopsis
Distraught at having lost the love of Ysolt, Tristan travels incognito to England to find her. The ship on which he has taken passage lands at the enchanted castle of Tintagel, where King Mark and his queen Ysolt hold court. Knowing that Mark will kill him if he recognizes him, Tristan disguises himself as a crazed simpleton and, fighting off the bystanders who try to bait him, gains admittance to King Mark's hall. There he announces that his name is Trantris, that he loves Ysolt, and that he wants to offer Mark his sister in exchange for the queen. The king laughs at the wild words of this supposed lunatic. Next Tristan turns to Ysolt and reminds her of various episodes in their past life, in which, though he won her hand on Mark's behalf, he himself and Ysolt fell in love. Ysolt angrily denies all knowledge of him. Tristan then boasts, to Mark's amusement, that he is a fine huntsman, hawker, and musician. Ysolt retires to her room and complains of the madman to her servant Brenguain, who, suspecting the truth, seeks him out. Tristan persuades Brenguain of his true identity, and she takes him back to see Ysolt. Again Tristan reminisces at length and in detail about the life Ysolt and he formerly led together as illicit lovers, Mark's discovery of their love and banishment of them, and his recall of them when he was persuaded of their innocence. Ysolt's incredulity is slowly worn away as she hears this, and still more when her hound Husdent is brought in and joyfully recognizes him. Finally Tristan produces the ring she once gave him, and she, accepting that this is indeed her lover, falls into his arms.
Manuscript and discovery
The poem survives in only one manuscript, known as Bodleian Library MS. Douce d.6. This dates from the second half of the 13th century, and contains not only the Folie but also a large fragment of the romance of Tristan by Thomas. The Anglo-Norman scribe was distinctly careless, and his poor sense of rhythm led him not to notice that his frequent accidental addition or omission of words rendered lines unmetrical. The provenance of the manuscript can only be traced back to the 18th–19th century bibliophile Francis Douce, and the first known mention of it is in a letter dated 7 December 1801 from Walter Scott to the antiquary George Ellis, in which he thanked him for sending a précis of the manuscript's two poems. Scott printed this précis in his edition of the Middle English romance Sir Tristrem (1804). Scott and Ellis each separately published his opinion that Sir Tristrem was the source of both the Folie Tristan d’Oxford and Thomas’ Tristan, though Douce believed, correctly, that the French poems were older. The poem was finally edited and published by Francisque Michel in his The Poetical Romances of Tristan in French, in Anglo-Norman and in Greek Composed in the XII and XIII Centuries (1838). The manuscript now rests in the Bodleian Library, Oxford.
Sources
The poem is most closely related to the Berne Folie Tristan, a shorter and less well-organized treatment of the same subject, and to the Tristan of Thomas, but the nature of those relationships has been disputed. Ernest Hœpffner, in his edition of the Folie Tristan de Berne, claimed that it was the source of the Oxford version; but other critics have concluded that both derive from some lost third poem. The Oxford Folie resembles Thomas' romance closely, especially in the ordering of the various episodes and in many of the linguistic characteristics of the two poems. This led Hœpffner to suggest that Thomas might have been the author of the Folie Tristan d’Oxford, but a more likely explanation is that the Tristan was the main source of the Folie.Several minor sources have also been detected. There are enough verbal similarities, for example in the description of Tintagel, to show that the author had read the Roman de Brut by Wace. Similarities with Marie de France's "Chevrefoil", and his use of the expression lais bretuns (line 362), indicate that the poet knew Marie's lais. There is also evidence of his having known the romances of Troie, Enéas and Thèbes.
Themes
The author shows relatively little inclination to make a wonder-tale of his story, but, unlike most other British poets of his time, a strong interest in romantic love, a theme which he links with that of death. The poet explores the idea of love as a form of madness: Tristan's assumption of the role of imbecile as a disguise is only partly deliberate, yet he also exemplifies the belief that fools may be wiser than sane men, and may give voice to truths that would otherwise go unsaid. The author differs from other early Tristan-poets in pointing up the courtliness of his hero, yet at the same time emphasises his cruelty towards Ysolt.
Translations
Rosenberg, Samuel N. In Lacy, Norris J., ed. (1998). Early French Tristan Poems. Volume 1. Woodbridge: D. S. Brewer. pp. 259–302. ISBN 0859915352. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
Stephenson, Patricia. "La Folie Tristan d'Oxford and Chevrefoil" (PDF). Patricia Stephenson: New Light on the Bayeux Tapestry and Other Works. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
Weiss, Judith, ed. (1992). The Birth of Romance. London: J. M. Dent. ISBN 0460870483.
Rev. repr. in her The Birth of Romance in England. Tempe, Ariz.: Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies. 2009. ISBN 978-0866983921.
Footnotes
References
Bédier, Joseph, ed. (1907). Les deux poèmes de la Folie Tristan. Paris: Firmin-Didot. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
Hunt, Tony; Bromiley, Geoffrey (2006). "The Tristan legend in Old French verse". In Burgess, Glyn S.; Pratt, Karen (eds.). The Arthur of the French. Cardiff: University of Wales Press. ISBN 0708319645. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
Johnston, Arthur (1964). Enchanted Ground: The Study of Medieval Romance in the Eighteenth Century. London: The Athlone Press.
Rosenberg, Samuel N. (1998). "Les Folies Tristan". In Lacy, Norris J. (ed.). Early French Tristan Poems. Volume 1. Woodbridge: D. S. Brewer. pp. 259–302. ISBN 0859915352. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
Weiss, Judith, ed. (1992). The Birth of Romance. London: J. M. Dent. ISBN 0460870483.
Whitehead, Frederick (1959). "The early Tristan poems". In Loomis, Roger Sherman (ed.). Arthurian Literature in the Middle Ages. Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp. 134–144.
External links
Full text of the Oxford Folie Tristan at French Wikisource
A bibliography of editions and criticism
|
language of work or name
|
{
"answer_start": [
6678
],
"text": [
"Old French"
]
}
|
The Folie Tristan d’Oxford, also known as the Oxford Folie Tristan, The Madness of Tristan, or Tristan’s Madness, is a poem in 998 octosyllabic lines written in Anglo-Norman, the form of the Norman language spoken in England. It retells an episode from the Tristan legend in which Tristan disguises himself as a madman to win his way back to Ysolt. The poem can be dated to the period 1175–1200, but the name of the author is unknown. It is not to be confused with the Folie Tristan de Berne, a different medieval poem on the same subject, each work taking its name from the city in which the manuscript is now kept.The scholar Frederick Whitehead wrote that it "handle[s] with humour, vivacity, and poignant feeling the dramatic possibilities of the theme". The critic Joseph Bédier considered it a more beautiful poem than the Folie Tristan de Berne, and, comparing it with its major source, the Tristan of Thomas, judged that though it has neither the grace nor the preciousness of that romance, it equals it in sincerity and intensity of emotion and surpasses it in energy and eloquence.
Synopsis
Distraught at having lost the love of Ysolt, Tristan travels incognito to England to find her. The ship on which he has taken passage lands at the enchanted castle of Tintagel, where King Mark and his queen Ysolt hold court. Knowing that Mark will kill him if he recognizes him, Tristan disguises himself as a crazed simpleton and, fighting off the bystanders who try to bait him, gains admittance to King Mark's hall. There he announces that his name is Trantris, that he loves Ysolt, and that he wants to offer Mark his sister in exchange for the queen. The king laughs at the wild words of this supposed lunatic. Next Tristan turns to Ysolt and reminds her of various episodes in their past life, in which, though he won her hand on Mark's behalf, he himself and Ysolt fell in love. Ysolt angrily denies all knowledge of him. Tristan then boasts, to Mark's amusement, that he is a fine huntsman, hawker, and musician. Ysolt retires to her room and complains of the madman to her servant Brenguain, who, suspecting the truth, seeks him out. Tristan persuades Brenguain of his true identity, and she takes him back to see Ysolt. Again Tristan reminisces at length and in detail about the life Ysolt and he formerly led together as illicit lovers, Mark's discovery of their love and banishment of them, and his recall of them when he was persuaded of their innocence. Ysolt's incredulity is slowly worn away as she hears this, and still more when her hound Husdent is brought in and joyfully recognizes him. Finally Tristan produces the ring she once gave him, and she, accepting that this is indeed her lover, falls into his arms.
Manuscript and discovery
The poem survives in only one manuscript, known as Bodleian Library MS. Douce d.6. This dates from the second half of the 13th century, and contains not only the Folie but also a large fragment of the romance of Tristan by Thomas. The Anglo-Norman scribe was distinctly careless, and his poor sense of rhythm led him not to notice that his frequent accidental addition or omission of words rendered lines unmetrical. The provenance of the manuscript can only be traced back to the 18th–19th century bibliophile Francis Douce, and the first known mention of it is in a letter dated 7 December 1801 from Walter Scott to the antiquary George Ellis, in which he thanked him for sending a précis of the manuscript's two poems. Scott printed this précis in his edition of the Middle English romance Sir Tristrem (1804). Scott and Ellis each separately published his opinion that Sir Tristrem was the source of both the Folie Tristan d’Oxford and Thomas’ Tristan, though Douce believed, correctly, that the French poems were older. The poem was finally edited and published by Francisque Michel in his The Poetical Romances of Tristan in French, in Anglo-Norman and in Greek Composed in the XII and XIII Centuries (1838). The manuscript now rests in the Bodleian Library, Oxford.
Sources
The poem is most closely related to the Berne Folie Tristan, a shorter and less well-organized treatment of the same subject, and to the Tristan of Thomas, but the nature of those relationships has been disputed. Ernest Hœpffner, in his edition of the Folie Tristan de Berne, claimed that it was the source of the Oxford version; but other critics have concluded that both derive from some lost third poem. The Oxford Folie resembles Thomas' romance closely, especially in the ordering of the various episodes and in many of the linguistic characteristics of the two poems. This led Hœpffner to suggest that Thomas might have been the author of the Folie Tristan d’Oxford, but a more likely explanation is that the Tristan was the main source of the Folie.Several minor sources have also been detected. There are enough verbal similarities, for example in the description of Tintagel, to show that the author had read the Roman de Brut by Wace. Similarities with Marie de France's "Chevrefoil", and his use of the expression lais bretuns (line 362), indicate that the poet knew Marie's lais. There is also evidence of his having known the romances of Troie, Enéas and Thèbes.
Themes
The author shows relatively little inclination to make a wonder-tale of his story, but, unlike most other British poets of his time, a strong interest in romantic love, a theme which he links with that of death. The poet explores the idea of love as a form of madness: Tristan's assumption of the role of imbecile as a disguise is only partly deliberate, yet he also exemplifies the belief that fools may be wiser than sane men, and may give voice to truths that would otherwise go unsaid. The author differs from other early Tristan-poets in pointing up the courtliness of his hero, yet at the same time emphasises his cruelty towards Ysolt.
Translations
Rosenberg, Samuel N. In Lacy, Norris J., ed. (1998). Early French Tristan Poems. Volume 1. Woodbridge: D. S. Brewer. pp. 259–302. ISBN 0859915352. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
Stephenson, Patricia. "La Folie Tristan d'Oxford and Chevrefoil" (PDF). Patricia Stephenson: New Light on the Bayeux Tapestry and Other Works. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
Weiss, Judith, ed. (1992). The Birth of Romance. London: J. M. Dent. ISBN 0460870483.
Rev. repr. in her The Birth of Romance in England. Tempe, Ariz.: Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies. 2009. ISBN 978-0866983921.
Footnotes
References
Bédier, Joseph, ed. (1907). Les deux poèmes de la Folie Tristan. Paris: Firmin-Didot. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
Hunt, Tony; Bromiley, Geoffrey (2006). "The Tristan legend in Old French verse". In Burgess, Glyn S.; Pratt, Karen (eds.). The Arthur of the French. Cardiff: University of Wales Press. ISBN 0708319645. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
Johnston, Arthur (1964). Enchanted Ground: The Study of Medieval Romance in the Eighteenth Century. London: The Athlone Press.
Rosenberg, Samuel N. (1998). "Les Folies Tristan". In Lacy, Norris J. (ed.). Early French Tristan Poems. Volume 1. Woodbridge: D. S. Brewer. pp. 259–302. ISBN 0859915352. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
Weiss, Judith, ed. (1992). The Birth of Romance. London: J. M. Dent. ISBN 0460870483.
Whitehead, Frederick (1959). "The early Tristan poems". In Loomis, Roger Sherman (ed.). Arthurian Literature in the Middle Ages. Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp. 134–144.
External links
Full text of the Oxford Folie Tristan at French Wikisource
A bibliography of editions and criticism
|
characters
|
{
"answer_start": [
10
],
"text": [
"Tristan"
]
}
|
The Folie Tristan d’Oxford, also known as the Oxford Folie Tristan, The Madness of Tristan, or Tristan’s Madness, is a poem in 998 octosyllabic lines written in Anglo-Norman, the form of the Norman language spoken in England. It retells an episode from the Tristan legend in which Tristan disguises himself as a madman to win his way back to Ysolt. The poem can be dated to the period 1175–1200, but the name of the author is unknown. It is not to be confused with the Folie Tristan de Berne, a different medieval poem on the same subject, each work taking its name from the city in which the manuscript is now kept.The scholar Frederick Whitehead wrote that it "handle[s] with humour, vivacity, and poignant feeling the dramatic possibilities of the theme". The critic Joseph Bédier considered it a more beautiful poem than the Folie Tristan de Berne, and, comparing it with its major source, the Tristan of Thomas, judged that though it has neither the grace nor the preciousness of that romance, it equals it in sincerity and intensity of emotion and surpasses it in energy and eloquence.
Synopsis
Distraught at having lost the love of Ysolt, Tristan travels incognito to England to find her. The ship on which he has taken passage lands at the enchanted castle of Tintagel, where King Mark and his queen Ysolt hold court. Knowing that Mark will kill him if he recognizes him, Tristan disguises himself as a crazed simpleton and, fighting off the bystanders who try to bait him, gains admittance to King Mark's hall. There he announces that his name is Trantris, that he loves Ysolt, and that he wants to offer Mark his sister in exchange for the queen. The king laughs at the wild words of this supposed lunatic. Next Tristan turns to Ysolt and reminds her of various episodes in their past life, in which, though he won her hand on Mark's behalf, he himself and Ysolt fell in love. Ysolt angrily denies all knowledge of him. Tristan then boasts, to Mark's amusement, that he is a fine huntsman, hawker, and musician. Ysolt retires to her room and complains of the madman to her servant Brenguain, who, suspecting the truth, seeks him out. Tristan persuades Brenguain of his true identity, and she takes him back to see Ysolt. Again Tristan reminisces at length and in detail about the life Ysolt and he formerly led together as illicit lovers, Mark's discovery of their love and banishment of them, and his recall of them when he was persuaded of their innocence. Ysolt's incredulity is slowly worn away as she hears this, and still more when her hound Husdent is brought in and joyfully recognizes him. Finally Tristan produces the ring she once gave him, and she, accepting that this is indeed her lover, falls into his arms.
Manuscript and discovery
The poem survives in only one manuscript, known as Bodleian Library MS. Douce d.6. This dates from the second half of the 13th century, and contains not only the Folie but also a large fragment of the romance of Tristan by Thomas. The Anglo-Norman scribe was distinctly careless, and his poor sense of rhythm led him not to notice that his frequent accidental addition or omission of words rendered lines unmetrical. The provenance of the manuscript can only be traced back to the 18th–19th century bibliophile Francis Douce, and the first known mention of it is in a letter dated 7 December 1801 from Walter Scott to the antiquary George Ellis, in which he thanked him for sending a précis of the manuscript's two poems. Scott printed this précis in his edition of the Middle English romance Sir Tristrem (1804). Scott and Ellis each separately published his opinion that Sir Tristrem was the source of both the Folie Tristan d’Oxford and Thomas’ Tristan, though Douce believed, correctly, that the French poems were older. The poem was finally edited and published by Francisque Michel in his The Poetical Romances of Tristan in French, in Anglo-Norman and in Greek Composed in the XII and XIII Centuries (1838). The manuscript now rests in the Bodleian Library, Oxford.
Sources
The poem is most closely related to the Berne Folie Tristan, a shorter and less well-organized treatment of the same subject, and to the Tristan of Thomas, but the nature of those relationships has been disputed. Ernest Hœpffner, in his edition of the Folie Tristan de Berne, claimed that it was the source of the Oxford version; but other critics have concluded that both derive from some lost third poem. The Oxford Folie resembles Thomas' romance closely, especially in the ordering of the various episodes and in many of the linguistic characteristics of the two poems. This led Hœpffner to suggest that Thomas might have been the author of the Folie Tristan d’Oxford, but a more likely explanation is that the Tristan was the main source of the Folie.Several minor sources have also been detected. There are enough verbal similarities, for example in the description of Tintagel, to show that the author had read the Roman de Brut by Wace. Similarities with Marie de France's "Chevrefoil", and his use of the expression lais bretuns (line 362), indicate that the poet knew Marie's lais. There is also evidence of his having known the romances of Troie, Enéas and Thèbes.
Themes
The author shows relatively little inclination to make a wonder-tale of his story, but, unlike most other British poets of his time, a strong interest in romantic love, a theme which he links with that of death. The poet explores the idea of love as a form of madness: Tristan's assumption of the role of imbecile as a disguise is only partly deliberate, yet he also exemplifies the belief that fools may be wiser than sane men, and may give voice to truths that would otherwise go unsaid. The author differs from other early Tristan-poets in pointing up the courtliness of his hero, yet at the same time emphasises his cruelty towards Ysolt.
Translations
Rosenberg, Samuel N. In Lacy, Norris J., ed. (1998). Early French Tristan Poems. Volume 1. Woodbridge: D. S. Brewer. pp. 259–302. ISBN 0859915352. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
Stephenson, Patricia. "La Folie Tristan d'Oxford and Chevrefoil" (PDF). Patricia Stephenson: New Light on the Bayeux Tapestry and Other Works. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
Weiss, Judith, ed. (1992). The Birth of Romance. London: J. M. Dent. ISBN 0460870483.
Rev. repr. in her The Birth of Romance in England. Tempe, Ariz.: Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies. 2009. ISBN 978-0866983921.
Footnotes
References
Bédier, Joseph, ed. (1907). Les deux poèmes de la Folie Tristan. Paris: Firmin-Didot. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
Hunt, Tony; Bromiley, Geoffrey (2006). "The Tristan legend in Old French verse". In Burgess, Glyn S.; Pratt, Karen (eds.). The Arthur of the French. Cardiff: University of Wales Press. ISBN 0708319645. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
Johnston, Arthur (1964). Enchanted Ground: The Study of Medieval Romance in the Eighteenth Century. London: The Athlone Press.
Rosenberg, Samuel N. (1998). "Les Folies Tristan". In Lacy, Norris J. (ed.). Early French Tristan Poems. Volume 1. Woodbridge: D. S. Brewer. pp. 259–302. ISBN 0859915352. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
Weiss, Judith, ed. (1992). The Birth of Romance. London: J. M. Dent. ISBN 0460870483.
Whitehead, Frederick (1959). "The early Tristan poems". In Loomis, Roger Sherman (ed.). Arthurian Literature in the Middle Ages. Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp. 134–144.
External links
Full text of the Oxford Folie Tristan at French Wikisource
A bibliography of editions and criticism
|
form of creative work
|
{
"answer_start": [
119
],
"text": [
"poem"
]
}
|
Wairere Falls, the highest waterfall in New Zealand's North Island, plunges 153 metres (500 feet) in two steps over the Kaimai escarpment.
The waterfall is located between Te Aroha and Matamata. A walking track runs from the car park at the end of Goodwin Road, up the valley of the stream to a viewing platform, and thence to the top of the plateau and the crest of the falls. Once at the top one can continue onto the North South track that runs the length of the Kaimai Ranges. The track is about 5 km (3.1 mi) return to the lower lookout and climbs about 380 m (1,250 ft) from Goodwin Road to the top of the falls.The Wairere Falls receives around 60,000 visitors each year. In 2017, the farmer who owned land close to the falls closed off a paddock to stock and constructed a seat for visitors that he dubbed "The international seat of peace".A road from Te Aroha to the falls was built between 1886 and 1892, when a coach service was started. It was extended about 1915. In 1903 the falls were considered for hydro power, but were protected by declaration as a Scenic Reserve on 12 November 1908.The Kaimai Range's western boundary is the Hauraki Fault. This part of the Range is formed of Waiteariki Formation, a crystal-rich, welded, dacite ignimbrite. The rock was erupted about 2.1m years ago.Ngāti Hinerangi value Te Wairere Falls as the place where an early explorer, Ngahue, killed a moa, to use for food on his voyage back to Hawaiki. They used the Wairere track during the 1864 Tauranga campaign. In July 1896 the Native Land Court gave ownership of the falls to the Crown. A deed of settlement between Ngāti Hinerangi and the Crown, redressing some of the unjust Crown actions, was signed on 4 May 2019.
References
External links
Wairere Falls Track, Department of Conservation
Flickr set of the hike to the falls
|
country
|
{
"answer_start": [
40
],
"text": [
"New Zealand"
]
}
|
Wairere Falls, the highest waterfall in New Zealand's North Island, plunges 153 metres (500 feet) in two steps over the Kaimai escarpment.
The waterfall is located between Te Aroha and Matamata. A walking track runs from the car park at the end of Goodwin Road, up the valley of the stream to a viewing platform, and thence to the top of the plateau and the crest of the falls. Once at the top one can continue onto the North South track that runs the length of the Kaimai Ranges. The track is about 5 km (3.1 mi) return to the lower lookout and climbs about 380 m (1,250 ft) from Goodwin Road to the top of the falls.The Wairere Falls receives around 60,000 visitors each year. In 2017, the farmer who owned land close to the falls closed off a paddock to stock and constructed a seat for visitors that he dubbed "The international seat of peace".A road from Te Aroha to the falls was built between 1886 and 1892, when a coach service was started. It was extended about 1915. In 1903 the falls were considered for hydro power, but were protected by declaration as a Scenic Reserve on 12 November 1908.The Kaimai Range's western boundary is the Hauraki Fault. This part of the Range is formed of Waiteariki Formation, a crystal-rich, welded, dacite ignimbrite. The rock was erupted about 2.1m years ago.Ngāti Hinerangi value Te Wairere Falls as the place where an early explorer, Ngahue, killed a moa, to use for food on his voyage back to Hawaiki. They used the Wairere track during the 1864 Tauranga campaign. In July 1896 the Native Land Court gave ownership of the falls to the Crown. A deed of settlement between Ngāti Hinerangi and the Crown, redressing some of the unjust Crown actions, was signed on 4 May 2019.
References
External links
Wairere Falls Track, Department of Conservation
Flickr set of the hike to the falls
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
27
],
"text": [
"waterfall"
]
}
|
Wairere Falls, the highest waterfall in New Zealand's North Island, plunges 153 metres (500 feet) in two steps over the Kaimai escarpment.
The waterfall is located between Te Aroha and Matamata. A walking track runs from the car park at the end of Goodwin Road, up the valley of the stream to a viewing platform, and thence to the top of the plateau and the crest of the falls. Once at the top one can continue onto the North South track that runs the length of the Kaimai Ranges. The track is about 5 km (3.1 mi) return to the lower lookout and climbs about 380 m (1,250 ft) from Goodwin Road to the top of the falls.The Wairere Falls receives around 60,000 visitors each year. In 2017, the farmer who owned land close to the falls closed off a paddock to stock and constructed a seat for visitors that he dubbed "The international seat of peace".A road from Te Aroha to the falls was built between 1886 and 1892, when a coach service was started. It was extended about 1915. In 1903 the falls were considered for hydro power, but were protected by declaration as a Scenic Reserve on 12 November 1908.The Kaimai Range's western boundary is the Hauraki Fault. This part of the Range is formed of Waiteariki Formation, a crystal-rich, welded, dacite ignimbrite. The rock was erupted about 2.1m years ago.Ngāti Hinerangi value Te Wairere Falls as the place where an early explorer, Ngahue, killed a moa, to use for food on his voyage back to Hawaiki. They used the Wairere track during the 1864 Tauranga campaign. In July 1896 the Native Land Court gave ownership of the falls to the Crown. A deed of settlement between Ngāti Hinerangi and the Crown, redressing some of the unjust Crown actions, was signed on 4 May 2019.
References
External links
Wairere Falls Track, Department of Conservation
Flickr set of the hike to the falls
|
Commons category
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Wairere Falls"
]
}
|
Wairere Falls, the highest waterfall in New Zealand's North Island, plunges 153 metres (500 feet) in two steps over the Kaimai escarpment.
The waterfall is located between Te Aroha and Matamata. A walking track runs from the car park at the end of Goodwin Road, up the valley of the stream to a viewing platform, and thence to the top of the plateau and the crest of the falls. Once at the top one can continue onto the North South track that runs the length of the Kaimai Ranges. The track is about 5 km (3.1 mi) return to the lower lookout and climbs about 380 m (1,250 ft) from Goodwin Road to the top of the falls.The Wairere Falls receives around 60,000 visitors each year. In 2017, the farmer who owned land close to the falls closed off a paddock to stock and constructed a seat for visitors that he dubbed "The international seat of peace".A road from Te Aroha to the falls was built between 1886 and 1892, when a coach service was started. It was extended about 1915. In 1903 the falls were considered for hydro power, but were protected by declaration as a Scenic Reserve on 12 November 1908.The Kaimai Range's western boundary is the Hauraki Fault. This part of the Range is formed of Waiteariki Formation, a crystal-rich, welded, dacite ignimbrite. The rock was erupted about 2.1m years ago.Ngāti Hinerangi value Te Wairere Falls as the place where an early explorer, Ngahue, killed a moa, to use for food on his voyage back to Hawaiki. They used the Wairere track during the 1864 Tauranga campaign. In July 1896 the Native Land Court gave ownership of the falls to the Crown. A deed of settlement between Ngāti Hinerangi and the Crown, redressing some of the unjust Crown actions, was signed on 4 May 2019.
References
External links
Wairere Falls Track, Department of Conservation
Flickr set of the hike to the falls
|
native label
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Wairere Falls"
]
}
|
Wairere Falls, the highest waterfall in New Zealand's North Island, plunges 153 metres (500 feet) in two steps over the Kaimai escarpment.
The waterfall is located between Te Aroha and Matamata. A walking track runs from the car park at the end of Goodwin Road, up the valley of the stream to a viewing platform, and thence to the top of the plateau and the crest of the falls. Once at the top one can continue onto the North South track that runs the length of the Kaimai Ranges. The track is about 5 km (3.1 mi) return to the lower lookout and climbs about 380 m (1,250 ft) from Goodwin Road to the top of the falls.The Wairere Falls receives around 60,000 visitors each year. In 2017, the farmer who owned land close to the falls closed off a paddock to stock and constructed a seat for visitors that he dubbed "The international seat of peace".A road from Te Aroha to the falls was built between 1886 and 1892, when a coach service was started. It was extended about 1915. In 1903 the falls were considered for hydro power, but were protected by declaration as a Scenic Reserve on 12 November 1908.The Kaimai Range's western boundary is the Hauraki Fault. This part of the Range is formed of Waiteariki Formation, a crystal-rich, welded, dacite ignimbrite. The rock was erupted about 2.1m years ago.Ngāti Hinerangi value Te Wairere Falls as the place where an early explorer, Ngahue, killed a moa, to use for food on his voyage back to Hawaiki. They used the Wairere track during the 1864 Tauranga campaign. In July 1896 the Native Land Court gave ownership of the falls to the Crown. A deed of settlement between Ngāti Hinerangi and the Crown, redressing some of the unjust Crown actions, was signed on 4 May 2019.
References
External links
Wairere Falls Track, Department of Conservation
Flickr set of the hike to the falls
|
height
|
{
"answer_start": [
76
],
"text": [
"153"
]
}
|
Wairere Falls, the highest waterfall in New Zealand's North Island, plunges 153 metres (500 feet) in two steps over the Kaimai escarpment.
The waterfall is located between Te Aroha and Matamata. A walking track runs from the car park at the end of Goodwin Road, up the valley of the stream to a viewing platform, and thence to the top of the plateau and the crest of the falls. Once at the top one can continue onto the North South track that runs the length of the Kaimai Ranges. The track is about 5 km (3.1 mi) return to the lower lookout and climbs about 380 m (1,250 ft) from Goodwin Road to the top of the falls.The Wairere Falls receives around 60,000 visitors each year. In 2017, the farmer who owned land close to the falls closed off a paddock to stock and constructed a seat for visitors that he dubbed "The international seat of peace".A road from Te Aroha to the falls was built between 1886 and 1892, when a coach service was started. It was extended about 1915. In 1903 the falls were considered for hydro power, but were protected by declaration as a Scenic Reserve on 12 November 1908.The Kaimai Range's western boundary is the Hauraki Fault. This part of the Range is formed of Waiteariki Formation, a crystal-rich, welded, dacite ignimbrite. The rock was erupted about 2.1m years ago.Ngāti Hinerangi value Te Wairere Falls as the place where an early explorer, Ngahue, killed a moa, to use for food on his voyage back to Hawaiki. They used the Wairere track during the 1864 Tauranga campaign. In July 1896 the Native Land Court gave ownership of the falls to the Crown. A deed of settlement between Ngāti Hinerangi and the Crown, redressing some of the unjust Crown actions, was signed on 4 May 2019.
References
External links
Wairere Falls Track, Department of Conservation
Flickr set of the hike to the falls
|
mountain range
|
{
"answer_start": [
467
],
"text": [
"Kaimai Range"
]
}
|
Jane Wallis may refer to:
Jane Wallis (witch), see Familiar spirit
Jane Wallis (table tennis), represented Australia at the 2006 Commonwealth Games
See also
Jane Wallace (disambiguation)
|
family name
|
{
"answer_start": [
5
],
"text": [
"Wallis"
]
}
|
Jane Wallis may refer to:
Jane Wallis (witch), see Familiar spirit
Jane Wallis (table tennis), represented Australia at the 2006 Commonwealth Games
See also
Jane Wallace (disambiguation)
|
given name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Jane"
]
}
|
Syritta decora is a species of syrphid fly in the family Syrphidae.
Distribution
Mauritius.
== References ==
|
taxon rank
|
{
"answer_start": [
20
],
"text": [
"species"
]
}
|
Syritta decora is a species of syrphid fly in the family Syrphidae.
Distribution
Mauritius.
== References ==
|
parent taxon
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Syritta"
]
}
|
Syritta decora is a species of syrphid fly in the family Syrphidae.
Distribution
Mauritius.
== References ==
|
taxon name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Syritta decora"
]
}
|
Timbang Island (Malay: Pulau Timbang) is a Malaysian island located in the Sulu Sea on the state of Sabah.
See also
List of islands of Malaysia
|
country
|
{
"answer_start": [
43
],
"text": [
"Malaysia"
]
}
|
Timbang Island (Malay: Pulau Timbang) is a Malaysian island located in the Sulu Sea on the state of Sabah.
See also
List of islands of Malaysia
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
53
],
"text": [
"island"
]
}
|
Timbang Island (Malay: Pulau Timbang) is a Malaysian island located in the Sulu Sea on the state of Sabah.
See also
List of islands of Malaysia
|
located in the administrative territorial entity
|
{
"answer_start": [
100
],
"text": [
"Sabah"
]
}
|
Timbang Island (Malay: Pulau Timbang) is a Malaysian island located in the Sulu Sea on the state of Sabah.
See also
List of islands of Malaysia
|
located in or next to body of water
|
{
"answer_start": [
75
],
"text": [
"Sulu Sea"
]
}
|
The Dollar Ridge Fire was a wildfire that burned in Ashley National Forest in Utah in the United States during July 2018. It consumed 68,869 acres (279 km2), making it the second-largest wildfire of the 2018 Utah wildfire season. The fire prompted the evacuation of 200-300 people and destroyed or damaged 80 homes and nearly 400 trailers, sheds, and vehicles.
Events
The Dollar Ridge Fire started on private property around 1:00 pm Mountain Daylight Time on July 1, 2018. By evening, it had grown to 7,000 acres (28 km2). The fire continued to grow to 30,000 acres (121 km2) on July 2, prompting evacuations of 200-300 homes in Strawberry Gorge, Camelot Resort, the Current Creek subdivision, and Pinyon Ridge subdivision. Red Cross evacuation centers were established at the Fruitland Chapel of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and the Duchesne High School.By July 3, 191 fire personnel and 2 helicopters had been allocated to the fire, but hazardous conditions limited their ability to respond to the rapidly growing fire. The escalating situation prompted the evacuation of two more neighborhoods on July 4, and a Type 1 incident management team (IMT) arrived to assume management of the fire.Over the next few days, firefighters successfully slowed the growth of the fire with the support of aerial resources, which by this point included Super Scooper aircraft. A turning point occurred on July 7, when cloud cover and light rain helped to moderate fire activity, resulting in 30% containment of the fire. Favorable weather continued to aid firefighters over the next several days, with containment increasing to 60% by July 11, allowing local officials to lift some of the evacuation orders.As fire activity continued to diminish, firefighters and other resources were released or reassigned. Management of the fire was downgraded to a Type 2 IMT on July 18, and remaining evacuation orders were lifted on July 22. However, the southwest section of the fire perimeter continued to prove problematic due to the inaccessibility of its terrain. Containment was measured at 93% on July 23, but was subsequently lowered during the first week of August back down to 90%. Fire management was eventually downgraded again to a Type 3 IMT before being returned to local personnel. The final incident update was posted on August 31, and later reports indicated that full containment was finally achieved in October 2018.
Impact
The Dollar Ridge Fire consumed 68,869 acres (279 km2) of land and caused extensive property loss, destroying 74 homes and damaging 6 others. Additionally, 131 camp trailers, 81 utility trailers, 158 sheds, and 25 vehicles were destroyed. Further property damage was later caused by debris flow caused by late-summer storms in the burned-out areas.Additionally, ash run-off from the fire devastated the popular Strawberry River fishery and is predicted to have an impact on municipal water supplies. The Utah Division of Wildlife Resources began habitat restoration efforts in November 2018, focusing their efforts on the river basin. Department officials estimate that it will take 3-5 years for vegetation to fill back in and for fish populations to recover from the effects of the fire.The fire is believed to the result of human activity, but the exact cause was never determined.
Notes
== References ==
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
28
],
"text": [
"wildfire"
]
}
|
The Sommen charr (Swedish: Sommenröding) is a population or subspecies of Arctic charr found in Lake Sommen. It is one of twenty-two species of fish found in the lake.This population and other Arctic charrs in southern Sweden are regarded as relict populations at the southern edge of the natural distribution of Arctic charrs. Survival of Arctic charrs at the southern edge of their natural range is explained by Lake Sommen having a great depth (53 metres (174 ft)) with cold and oxygen-rich bottom waters. Sommen charr may also draw benefits from the lake's richness in fish species and the complex ecology it implies.Populations of Sommen charr declined over the 20th century, leading to the fish being declared endangered in 1970. The causes of the decline are likely to include overfishing, fishing of immature individuals, unnatural lake level changes (as the lake is regulated), and competition from introduced species. The largest known Sommen charr weighed almost 9 kilograms (20 lb), and was for a while the largest Arctic charr fished in Sweden.The three largest arms of Sommen, Tranåsfjärden, Asbyfjärden and Norra Vifjärden, host most of the Sommen charr population. Lek locations lie chiefly along the eastern shores of Norravifjärden and around Malexander in the north-central parts of the lake. Studies have shown that the substrate in most lek places is bedrock, boulders, gravel and pebbles while only a minority are on sand.Other nearby populations of Arctic charr are found in the lakes Vättern, Ören and Mycklaflon. In Drögen, 10 km to the northeast of Sommen, Arctic charr is considered to have gone extinct.
Growth and sexual maturity
Sommen charrs are among the fastest growing Arctic charrs in northern Europe. Albeit experiments show that at low temperatures (4 °C (39 °F)) Arctic charrs from more northern lakes grow faster.Compared to the charr of Lake Vättern, only large individuals of Sommen charr breed; this may be the result of overfishing. In Sommen, charr reach sexual maturity at around seven years of age. This is relatively late maturation compared to other charrs. At six years, Sommen charrs are estimated to reach an average length of 54 centimetres (21 in), while at seven years of age, the average length is 60 centimetres (24 in). For comparison, charr in Lake Vättern reach sexual maturity (lek for the first time) at six-to-eight years when the females have reached lengths of 40–55 centimetres (16–22 in) and the males 35–45 centimetres (14–18 in). The implication of this difference is that Sommen charr either reach maturity later than charr in Vättern, or that they grow faster.The fast growth of Sommen charr compared to other Arctic charrs is interpreted to be an adaptation to avoid predation from northern pike, brown trout, burbot and perch. Alternatively fast growth could also be an adaptation that allows for an early shift to piscivory among young charrs.
Origin and taxonomy
The taxonomy of charrs is rather complex and not fully clear. In Sweden Sommen charr classify as a storröding, the largest of three types of Arctic charr traditionally recognised in the country. The other types are större fjällröding and mindre fjällröding. Wherever these types occur together in the same lake storröding is the largest. In Finland and Northwestern Russia charrs with the storröding phenotype have been classified as Salvelinus lepechini and Salvelinus umbla.The Sommen charr originated in the distant past in connection with the deglaciation of the lake basin and the formation of various ephemeral ice-dammed lakes (Sydsvenska issjökomplexet). Subsequently, the population was left isolated for thousands of years. As the Sommen charr has near-identical mDNA to the Arctic charrs of nearby Lake Vättern and Lake Ladoga in Russia, it is thought these Swedish populations arrived from the east. While genetic studies have shown there is some gene flow between Sommen charr and other charr populations it is understood that strong natural selection keeps population or subspecies different.
== References ==
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
2930
],
"text": [
"taxon"
]
}
|
Sangau is a larger village in Lawngtlai district of Mizoram state of India. Sangau, being close to India–Myanmar border, provides opportunities for trade through the border haat here. Nearby Phawngpui (lit. Blue Mountains) is a major tourist attraction.
Demography
The Sangau village has population of 1272 of which 636 are males while 636 are females as per Population Census 2011. Today, more than 1000 families household residing. In Sangau village population of children with age 0-6 is 282 which makes up 22.17 % of total population of village. Average Sex Ratio of Sangau village is 1000 which is higher than Mizoram state average of 976. Child Sex Ratio for the Sangau as per census is 1000, higher than Mizoram average of 970. Sangau village has lower literacy rate compared to Mizoram. In 2011, literacy rate of Sangau village was 82.93 % compared to 91.33 % of Mizoram. In Sangau Male literacy stands at 85.45 % while female literacy rate was 80.40 %.
Since people of this area are considered one of the lost tribes of Israel, thousands of residents have migrated to Israel.
Administration
Sangau is a sub-divisional headquarters and rural development block within Lawngtlai district in Mizoram. The main officers within Sangau are:
1. Sub-Divisional Officer (Civil) or SDO (C)
2. Block Development Officer (BDO)
3. Revenue Officer (RO), LADC
4. Junior Engineer (JE), P&E Dept.
5. Circle Officer (CO), Horticulture Dept.
6. Range Officer (RO), Environment & Forest Dept., Mizoram
7. Range Officer (RO), Environment & Forest Dept., LADC
8. Officer In-charge (OC), Mizoram police
Economy
Agriculture
The main occupation of the people of Sangau is agriculture (the backbone of its economy) having rice as its staple food. Other crops like ginger, sesame, banana, chili, tilt, pine-apple, orange, mango, etc. are also cultivated.
Border Haat and trade
Sangau (Pangkhua) is one of the 4 Border Haats (markets) in Mizoram, others being at Hnahlan, Vaphai (Saikhumphai) and Zote, all of which boost the local trade and economy.
Transport and connectivity
Lengpui Airport in Aizawl (255 km northwest) is the nearest airport in India. Sairang railhead of Bairabi–Sairang line 243 km north is the nearest railway station. NH-2 is accessible via Lunglei 110 km northwest and Siaha 80 km southwest.
See also
Borders of India
== References ==
|
different from
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Sangau"
]
}
|
Sangau is a larger village in Lawngtlai district of Mizoram state of India. Sangau, being close to India–Myanmar border, provides opportunities for trade through the border haat here. Nearby Phawngpui (lit. Blue Mountains) is a major tourist attraction.
Demography
The Sangau village has population of 1272 of which 636 are males while 636 are females as per Population Census 2011. Today, more than 1000 families household residing. In Sangau village population of children with age 0-6 is 282 which makes up 22.17 % of total population of village. Average Sex Ratio of Sangau village is 1000 which is higher than Mizoram state average of 976. Child Sex Ratio for the Sangau as per census is 1000, higher than Mizoram average of 970. Sangau village has lower literacy rate compared to Mizoram. In 2011, literacy rate of Sangau village was 82.93 % compared to 91.33 % of Mizoram. In Sangau Male literacy stands at 85.45 % while female literacy rate was 80.40 %.
Since people of this area are considered one of the lost tribes of Israel, thousands of residents have migrated to Israel.
Administration
Sangau is a sub-divisional headquarters and rural development block within Lawngtlai district in Mizoram. The main officers within Sangau are:
1. Sub-Divisional Officer (Civil) or SDO (C)
2. Block Development Officer (BDO)
3. Revenue Officer (RO), LADC
4. Junior Engineer (JE), P&E Dept.
5. Circle Officer (CO), Horticulture Dept.
6. Range Officer (RO), Environment & Forest Dept., Mizoram
7. Range Officer (RO), Environment & Forest Dept., LADC
8. Officer In-charge (OC), Mizoram police
Economy
Agriculture
The main occupation of the people of Sangau is agriculture (the backbone of its economy) having rice as its staple food. Other crops like ginger, sesame, banana, chili, tilt, pine-apple, orange, mango, etc. are also cultivated.
Border Haat and trade
Sangau (Pangkhua) is one of the 4 Border Haats (markets) in Mizoram, others being at Hnahlan, Vaphai (Saikhumphai) and Zote, all of which boost the local trade and economy.
Transport and connectivity
Lengpui Airport in Aizawl (255 km northwest) is the nearest airport in India. Sairang railhead of Bairabi–Sairang line 243 km north is the nearest railway station. NH-2 is accessible via Lunglei 110 km northwest and Siaha 80 km southwest.
See also
Borders of India
== References ==
|
country
|
{
"answer_start": [
69
],
"text": [
"India"
]
}
|
Larry M. Starr (born 1948) is a consultant, academic administrator, university professor, and research scientist. His primary academic affiliation (since 2014) has been at Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia where he is Director of the Doctor of Management (DMgt) in Strategic Leadership program and Director of the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) program in Complex Systems Leadership program. He is also Managing Director of Systems Wisdom a global consultancy which provides translational consulting, executive education, and research specializing in complex and seemingly intractable problems; and he is Executive Director of the Institute of Systems Wisdom an innovative social-academic-practice community. Starr's practice and research integrate cognitive and personality psychology, emergency and disaster medicine, and systems and design thinking. He is the principal author of the position statement, Automated External Defibrillation in the Occupational Setting, issued by the American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (ACOEM) released under the auspices of the ACOEM Council of Scientific Advisors.
Education
Born in Toronto, Canada, Starr graduated from the University of Western Ontario in London with a B.A. in Psychology then earned an M.S. degree in Experimental Psychology from Villanova University, Villanova, PA in 1973. He earned a Ph.D. in Social-Organizational Psychology from the University of Windsor supported by a Doctoral Fellowship from the Canada Council Foundation, now the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. While a doctoral candidate he had a teaching appointment in the School of Management at Wayne State University in Detroit, and was a clinical psychology intern at the Ontario Hospital School for Retarded Children at Cedar Springs in Chatham-Kent, Ontario.
Professional Activities
Between 1959 and 1965, Starr studied radio, television and theatre at the National Music Camp, now Interlochen Center for the Arts in Michigan and while participating in high school theatre competitions twice won the Sears Ontario Drama Festival Award. In college between 1966 and 1970, he was Executive Producer of the University of Western Ontario Drama Guild, now Theatre Western.
From 1979 until 1998 he created and was President of Oxygenics, Inc., in Ardmore, Pennsylvania, a medical equipment and training company. Between 1984 and 1998, he was Research Director for Oxygen Therapy Institute (OTI) a medical device manufacturer in Livonia, Michigan. From 1997–1998, he was Science Director for County Line Limited, in Solon, Ohio. In 1998 he sold Oxygenics, Inc. to SOS International which sold it to Complient Corporation in Cleveland, Ohio. From 1999 to 2001 he was Director of Medical Research and Education for both organizations. Complient was subsequently sold to Cardiac Science Corporation, a subsidiary of Opto Cardiac Care Ltd., Bengaluru, India. In 2013, he formed Systems Wisdom LLC, a consulting company, and the Institute of Systems Wisdom, an academic community, in suburban Philadelphia.
Academic Appointments
In 1984, while maintaining his corporate roles, he received an adjunct professor appointment from Villanova University where he taught part-time until 2000 in the graduate program of Human Organization Science, and in the Departments of Psychology and Political Science. In 2001 he received an appointment to create and direct a Master of Science in Organizational Development and Leadership program at the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine a freestanding medical school in Philadelphia, PA. In 2002 he received an appointment to be Executive Director and Senior Scholar in the Organizational Dynamics Graduate Studies Program at the University of Pennsylvania where he remained until he retired in May 2014. In July 2014 he received a faculty appointment from Philadelphia University to design a professional research doctorate in strategic leadership following which he was appointed Director. Following the integration of Philadelphia University with Thomas Jefferson University, he designed a PhD program in Complex Systems Leadership which was approved in April 2019 and for which he was also appointed Director.
Research and Scholarship
Starr has published and presented more than 150 scholarly documents including books, book chapters, academic papers, training films, and conference papers on a wide range of topics including education and test construction, conspiracy perception, decision making, ethics and moral behavior, leadership, organizational coaching, emergency oxygen equipment, first aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation, automated external defibrillation, hazardous materials emergency planning, and personality and chocolate. He has been a funded researcher for the American Heart Association and author of health education and training materials for the National Safety Council. For his contributions to the American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, the professional society specializing in the branch of clinical medicine most active in the field of Occupational Health, he was awarded the 2002 Meritorious Service Award, the only non-physician to receive this in the college's history. He also holds a copyright for the “Control of Anxiety in Lifesaving Method (CALM)” © a technique that blends stress management with emergency care training and responding. Since 2004, he has been studying and writing about the application of systems and design thinking to complex organization problems. To support this, he and colleagues established a multi-disciplinary, multi-institution collaborative research and practice community, the Special Task Force on Reframing the System of Survival for Sudden Cardiac Arrest.
== References ==
|
employer
|
{
"answer_start": [
3745
],
"text": [
"University of Pennsylvania"
]
}
|
Larry M. Starr (born 1948) is a consultant, academic administrator, university professor, and research scientist. His primary academic affiliation (since 2014) has been at Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia where he is Director of the Doctor of Management (DMgt) in Strategic Leadership program and Director of the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) program in Complex Systems Leadership program. He is also Managing Director of Systems Wisdom a global consultancy which provides translational consulting, executive education, and research specializing in complex and seemingly intractable problems; and he is Executive Director of the Institute of Systems Wisdom an innovative social-academic-practice community. Starr's practice and research integrate cognitive and personality psychology, emergency and disaster medicine, and systems and design thinking. He is the principal author of the position statement, Automated External Defibrillation in the Occupational Setting, issued by the American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (ACOEM) released under the auspices of the ACOEM Council of Scientific Advisors.
Education
Born in Toronto, Canada, Starr graduated from the University of Western Ontario in London with a B.A. in Psychology then earned an M.S. degree in Experimental Psychology from Villanova University, Villanova, PA in 1973. He earned a Ph.D. in Social-Organizational Psychology from the University of Windsor supported by a Doctoral Fellowship from the Canada Council Foundation, now the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. While a doctoral candidate he had a teaching appointment in the School of Management at Wayne State University in Detroit, and was a clinical psychology intern at the Ontario Hospital School for Retarded Children at Cedar Springs in Chatham-Kent, Ontario.
Professional Activities
Between 1959 and 1965, Starr studied radio, television and theatre at the National Music Camp, now Interlochen Center for the Arts in Michigan and while participating in high school theatre competitions twice won the Sears Ontario Drama Festival Award. In college between 1966 and 1970, he was Executive Producer of the University of Western Ontario Drama Guild, now Theatre Western.
From 1979 until 1998 he created and was President of Oxygenics, Inc., in Ardmore, Pennsylvania, a medical equipment and training company. Between 1984 and 1998, he was Research Director for Oxygen Therapy Institute (OTI) a medical device manufacturer in Livonia, Michigan. From 1997–1998, he was Science Director for County Line Limited, in Solon, Ohio. In 1998 he sold Oxygenics, Inc. to SOS International which sold it to Complient Corporation in Cleveland, Ohio. From 1999 to 2001 he was Director of Medical Research and Education for both organizations. Complient was subsequently sold to Cardiac Science Corporation, a subsidiary of Opto Cardiac Care Ltd., Bengaluru, India. In 2013, he formed Systems Wisdom LLC, a consulting company, and the Institute of Systems Wisdom, an academic community, in suburban Philadelphia.
Academic Appointments
In 1984, while maintaining his corporate roles, he received an adjunct professor appointment from Villanova University where he taught part-time until 2000 in the graduate program of Human Organization Science, and in the Departments of Psychology and Political Science. In 2001 he received an appointment to create and direct a Master of Science in Organizational Development and Leadership program at the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine a freestanding medical school in Philadelphia, PA. In 2002 he received an appointment to be Executive Director and Senior Scholar in the Organizational Dynamics Graduate Studies Program at the University of Pennsylvania where he remained until he retired in May 2014. In July 2014 he received a faculty appointment from Philadelphia University to design a professional research doctorate in strategic leadership following which he was appointed Director. Following the integration of Philadelphia University with Thomas Jefferson University, he designed a PhD program in Complex Systems Leadership which was approved in April 2019 and for which he was also appointed Director.
Research and Scholarship
Starr has published and presented more than 150 scholarly documents including books, book chapters, academic papers, training films, and conference papers on a wide range of topics including education and test construction, conspiracy perception, decision making, ethics and moral behavior, leadership, organizational coaching, emergency oxygen equipment, first aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation, automated external defibrillation, hazardous materials emergency planning, and personality and chocolate. He has been a funded researcher for the American Heart Association and author of health education and training materials for the National Safety Council. For his contributions to the American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, the professional society specializing in the branch of clinical medicine most active in the field of Occupational Health, he was awarded the 2002 Meritorious Service Award, the only non-physician to receive this in the college's history. He also holds a copyright for the “Control of Anxiety in Lifesaving Method (CALM)” © a technique that blends stress management with emergency care training and responding. Since 2004, he has been studying and writing about the application of systems and design thinking to complex organization problems. To support this, he and colleagues established a multi-disciplinary, multi-institution collaborative research and practice community, the Special Task Force on Reframing the System of Survival for Sudden Cardiac Arrest.
== References ==
|
family name
|
{
"answer_start": [
9
],
"text": [
"Starr"
]
}
|
Larry M. Starr (born 1948) is a consultant, academic administrator, university professor, and research scientist. His primary academic affiliation (since 2014) has been at Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia where he is Director of the Doctor of Management (DMgt) in Strategic Leadership program and Director of the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) program in Complex Systems Leadership program. He is also Managing Director of Systems Wisdom a global consultancy which provides translational consulting, executive education, and research specializing in complex and seemingly intractable problems; and he is Executive Director of the Institute of Systems Wisdom an innovative social-academic-practice community. Starr's practice and research integrate cognitive and personality psychology, emergency and disaster medicine, and systems and design thinking. He is the principal author of the position statement, Automated External Defibrillation in the Occupational Setting, issued by the American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (ACOEM) released under the auspices of the ACOEM Council of Scientific Advisors.
Education
Born in Toronto, Canada, Starr graduated from the University of Western Ontario in London with a B.A. in Psychology then earned an M.S. degree in Experimental Psychology from Villanova University, Villanova, PA in 1973. He earned a Ph.D. in Social-Organizational Psychology from the University of Windsor supported by a Doctoral Fellowship from the Canada Council Foundation, now the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. While a doctoral candidate he had a teaching appointment in the School of Management at Wayne State University in Detroit, and was a clinical psychology intern at the Ontario Hospital School for Retarded Children at Cedar Springs in Chatham-Kent, Ontario.
Professional Activities
Between 1959 and 1965, Starr studied radio, television and theatre at the National Music Camp, now Interlochen Center for the Arts in Michigan and while participating in high school theatre competitions twice won the Sears Ontario Drama Festival Award. In college between 1966 and 1970, he was Executive Producer of the University of Western Ontario Drama Guild, now Theatre Western.
From 1979 until 1998 he created and was President of Oxygenics, Inc., in Ardmore, Pennsylvania, a medical equipment and training company. Between 1984 and 1998, he was Research Director for Oxygen Therapy Institute (OTI) a medical device manufacturer in Livonia, Michigan. From 1997–1998, he was Science Director for County Line Limited, in Solon, Ohio. In 1998 he sold Oxygenics, Inc. to SOS International which sold it to Complient Corporation in Cleveland, Ohio. From 1999 to 2001 he was Director of Medical Research and Education for both organizations. Complient was subsequently sold to Cardiac Science Corporation, a subsidiary of Opto Cardiac Care Ltd., Bengaluru, India. In 2013, he formed Systems Wisdom LLC, a consulting company, and the Institute of Systems Wisdom, an academic community, in suburban Philadelphia.
Academic Appointments
In 1984, while maintaining his corporate roles, he received an adjunct professor appointment from Villanova University where he taught part-time until 2000 in the graduate program of Human Organization Science, and in the Departments of Psychology and Political Science. In 2001 he received an appointment to create and direct a Master of Science in Organizational Development and Leadership program at the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine a freestanding medical school in Philadelphia, PA. In 2002 he received an appointment to be Executive Director and Senior Scholar in the Organizational Dynamics Graduate Studies Program at the University of Pennsylvania where he remained until he retired in May 2014. In July 2014 he received a faculty appointment from Philadelphia University to design a professional research doctorate in strategic leadership following which he was appointed Director. Following the integration of Philadelphia University with Thomas Jefferson University, he designed a PhD program in Complex Systems Leadership which was approved in April 2019 and for which he was also appointed Director.
Research and Scholarship
Starr has published and presented more than 150 scholarly documents including books, book chapters, academic papers, training films, and conference papers on a wide range of topics including education and test construction, conspiracy perception, decision making, ethics and moral behavior, leadership, organizational coaching, emergency oxygen equipment, first aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation, automated external defibrillation, hazardous materials emergency planning, and personality and chocolate. He has been a funded researcher for the American Heart Association and author of health education and training materials for the National Safety Council. For his contributions to the American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, the professional society specializing in the branch of clinical medicine most active in the field of Occupational Health, he was awarded the 2002 Meritorious Service Award, the only non-physician to receive this in the college's history. He also holds a copyright for the “Control of Anxiety in Lifesaving Method (CALM)” © a technique that blends stress management with emergency care training and responding. Since 2004, he has been studying and writing about the application of systems and design thinking to complex organization problems. To support this, he and colleagues established a multi-disciplinary, multi-institution collaborative research and practice community, the Special Task Force on Reframing the System of Survival for Sudden Cardiac Arrest.
== References ==
|
given name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Larry"
]
}
|
Touch Gold (foaled May 26, 1994 in Kentucky) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse best known as the winner of the Classic Belmont Stakes, in which he ended Silver Charm's bid for the U.S. Triple Crown.
Background
Sired by Canadian Horse Racing Hall of Fame inductee Deputy Minister, Touch Gold is out of the mare Passing Mood, a daughter of U.S. Racing Hall of Fame inductee Buckpasser. A late foal born at the end of May, he was purchased by Frank Stronach for $375,000 at the July 1995 Keeneland select yearling sale. He was sent into training with Daniel J. Vella at Woodbine Racetrack in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Racing career
1996: two-year-old season
After Touch Gold won a 6-furlong maiden race, his best 1996 stakes results were a third in the Grey Stakes and a second in the Swynford Stakes.
1997: three-year-old season
Early season
Sent to race in the United States under new trainer David Hofmans, Touch Gold won a 6-furlong allowance race at Santa Anita Park, then at Keeneland Race Course won April's Lexington Stakes, in which he defeated top three-year-old Smoke Glacken by 8½ lengths.
Not entered in the Kentucky Derby, Touch Gold competed in the second leg of the U.S. Triple Crown series, the Preakness Stakes. At the start of the race, the colt stumbled but rallied to challenge the leaders until he tired in the homestretch to finish fourth behind Silver Charm. He came out of the Preakness with a sore left front hoof but recovered enough to enter the Belmont Stakes three weeks later.
1997 Belmont Stakes
Going into the 1997 Belmont Stakes, Silver Charm was favored to become the first Triple Crown winner since Affirmed in 1978. His main opposition was expected to come from the entry of Touch Gold and Wild Rush, stretch-running Crypto Star, and Free House who had finished third in the Derby and second in the Preakness. In the Belmont, Touch Gold held a slim lead early but relinquished it at the halfway mark. Coming into the top of the stretch, he was fourth, blocked behind a wall of horses running three-wide. Jockey Chris McCarron swung Touch Gold to the far outside, where he rallied to win over Silver Charm by three-quarters of a length.
After Belmont
After his 1997 Belmont Stakes win, Touch Gold was sent to rest in California in order to allow his sore hoof time to heal. He eventually returned to win that year's Grade I Haskell Invitational Handicap at Monmouth Park but in the fall's Breeders' Cup Classic, he finished ninth and last. At age four in 1998, he raced four times, only going back to the track at the end of June when he won a one-mile allowance race at Churchill Downs in a time of 1:34, one fifth of a second off the track record. His next best result came in October when he finished second in the Fayette Stakes. In the Breeders' Cup Classic, he finished eighth in a ten-horse field.
Stud career
Owned by a syndicate that includes Frank Stronach, Touch Gold stands at stud at Adena Springs in Midway, Kentucky. He sired four Grade I winners in his first two crops. In 2006, his son Royal Challenger won the Breeders' Stakes, the third leg of the Canadian Triple Crown, and Seek Gold won the Grade I Stephen Foster Handicap.
Touch Gold was pensioned from stud duty in 2015, and was sent to Old Friends Equine Thoroughbred Retirement Farm. He resides there along with his son, Seek Gold.
References
Touch Gold's pedigree and partial racing stats
Video at YouTube of Touch Gold winning the 1997 Belmont Stakes
Touch Gold at Adena Springs
|
father
|
{
"answer_start": [
268
],
"text": [
"Deputy Minister"
]
}
|
Touch Gold (foaled May 26, 1994 in Kentucky) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse best known as the winner of the Classic Belmont Stakes, in which he ended Silver Charm's bid for the U.S. Triple Crown.
Background
Sired by Canadian Horse Racing Hall of Fame inductee Deputy Minister, Touch Gold is out of the mare Passing Mood, a daughter of U.S. Racing Hall of Fame inductee Buckpasser. A late foal born at the end of May, he was purchased by Frank Stronach for $375,000 at the July 1995 Keeneland select yearling sale. He was sent into training with Daniel J. Vella at Woodbine Racetrack in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Racing career
1996: two-year-old season
After Touch Gold won a 6-furlong maiden race, his best 1996 stakes results were a third in the Grey Stakes and a second in the Swynford Stakes.
1997: three-year-old season
Early season
Sent to race in the United States under new trainer David Hofmans, Touch Gold won a 6-furlong allowance race at Santa Anita Park, then at Keeneland Race Course won April's Lexington Stakes, in which he defeated top three-year-old Smoke Glacken by 8½ lengths.
Not entered in the Kentucky Derby, Touch Gold competed in the second leg of the U.S. Triple Crown series, the Preakness Stakes. At the start of the race, the colt stumbled but rallied to challenge the leaders until he tired in the homestretch to finish fourth behind Silver Charm. He came out of the Preakness with a sore left front hoof but recovered enough to enter the Belmont Stakes three weeks later.
1997 Belmont Stakes
Going into the 1997 Belmont Stakes, Silver Charm was favored to become the first Triple Crown winner since Affirmed in 1978. His main opposition was expected to come from the entry of Touch Gold and Wild Rush, stretch-running Crypto Star, and Free House who had finished third in the Derby and second in the Preakness. In the Belmont, Touch Gold held a slim lead early but relinquished it at the halfway mark. Coming into the top of the stretch, he was fourth, blocked behind a wall of horses running three-wide. Jockey Chris McCarron swung Touch Gold to the far outside, where he rallied to win over Silver Charm by three-quarters of a length.
After Belmont
After his 1997 Belmont Stakes win, Touch Gold was sent to rest in California in order to allow his sore hoof time to heal. He eventually returned to win that year's Grade I Haskell Invitational Handicap at Monmouth Park but in the fall's Breeders' Cup Classic, he finished ninth and last. At age four in 1998, he raced four times, only going back to the track at the end of June when he won a one-mile allowance race at Churchill Downs in a time of 1:34, one fifth of a second off the track record. His next best result came in October when he finished second in the Fayette Stakes. In the Breeders' Cup Classic, he finished eighth in a ten-horse field.
Stud career
Owned by a syndicate that includes Frank Stronach, Touch Gold stands at stud at Adena Springs in Midway, Kentucky. He sired four Grade I winners in his first two crops. In 2006, his son Royal Challenger won the Breeders' Stakes, the third leg of the Canadian Triple Crown, and Seek Gold won the Grade I Stephen Foster Handicap.
Touch Gold was pensioned from stud duty in 2015, and was sent to Old Friends Equine Thoroughbred Retirement Farm. He resides there along with his son, Seek Gold.
References
Touch Gold's pedigree and partial racing stats
Video at YouTube of Touch Gold winning the 1997 Belmont Stakes
Touch Gold at Adena Springs
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
77
],
"text": [
"horse"
]
}
|
Touch Gold (foaled May 26, 1994 in Kentucky) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse best known as the winner of the Classic Belmont Stakes, in which he ended Silver Charm's bid for the U.S. Triple Crown.
Background
Sired by Canadian Horse Racing Hall of Fame inductee Deputy Minister, Touch Gold is out of the mare Passing Mood, a daughter of U.S. Racing Hall of Fame inductee Buckpasser. A late foal born at the end of May, he was purchased by Frank Stronach for $375,000 at the July 1995 Keeneland select yearling sale. He was sent into training with Daniel J. Vella at Woodbine Racetrack in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Racing career
1996: two-year-old season
After Touch Gold won a 6-furlong maiden race, his best 1996 stakes results were a third in the Grey Stakes and a second in the Swynford Stakes.
1997: three-year-old season
Early season
Sent to race in the United States under new trainer David Hofmans, Touch Gold won a 6-furlong allowance race at Santa Anita Park, then at Keeneland Race Course won April's Lexington Stakes, in which he defeated top three-year-old Smoke Glacken by 8½ lengths.
Not entered in the Kentucky Derby, Touch Gold competed in the second leg of the U.S. Triple Crown series, the Preakness Stakes. At the start of the race, the colt stumbled but rallied to challenge the leaders until he tired in the homestretch to finish fourth behind Silver Charm. He came out of the Preakness with a sore left front hoof but recovered enough to enter the Belmont Stakes three weeks later.
1997 Belmont Stakes
Going into the 1997 Belmont Stakes, Silver Charm was favored to become the first Triple Crown winner since Affirmed in 1978. His main opposition was expected to come from the entry of Touch Gold and Wild Rush, stretch-running Crypto Star, and Free House who had finished third in the Derby and second in the Preakness. In the Belmont, Touch Gold held a slim lead early but relinquished it at the halfway mark. Coming into the top of the stretch, he was fourth, blocked behind a wall of horses running three-wide. Jockey Chris McCarron swung Touch Gold to the far outside, where he rallied to win over Silver Charm by three-quarters of a length.
After Belmont
After his 1997 Belmont Stakes win, Touch Gold was sent to rest in California in order to allow his sore hoof time to heal. He eventually returned to win that year's Grade I Haskell Invitational Handicap at Monmouth Park but in the fall's Breeders' Cup Classic, he finished ninth and last. At age four in 1998, he raced four times, only going back to the track at the end of June when he won a one-mile allowance race at Churchill Downs in a time of 1:34, one fifth of a second off the track record. His next best result came in October when he finished second in the Fayette Stakes. In the Breeders' Cup Classic, he finished eighth in a ten-horse field.
Stud career
Owned by a syndicate that includes Frank Stronach, Touch Gold stands at stud at Adena Springs in Midway, Kentucky. He sired four Grade I winners in his first two crops. In 2006, his son Royal Challenger won the Breeders' Stakes, the third leg of the Canadian Triple Crown, and Seek Gold won the Grade I Stephen Foster Handicap.
Touch Gold was pensioned from stud duty in 2015, and was sent to Old Friends Equine Thoroughbred Retirement Farm. He resides there along with his son, Seek Gold.
References
Touch Gold's pedigree and partial racing stats
Video at YouTube of Touch Gold winning the 1997 Belmont Stakes
Touch Gold at Adena Springs
|
has use
|
{
"answer_start": [
73
],
"text": [
"racehorse"
]
}
|
Arcuri Overthrow is a Venezuelan experimental metal band based in Valencia, Venezuela. The band was formed in 2002 in Valencia by the brothers Arcuri: bassist Felipe and drummer Vicente, with the original name Black Rainbow. It's the first Venezuelan metal band, only with bass and drums.
History
Its members are the brothers Arcuri: Felipe (bass player of the Venezuelan heavy metal band Arkangel, one of the most legendary and successful bands in the Latin American rock scene) and Vicente (drummer of the Venezuelan heavy metal band Gillman), who in 2002, founded an experimental project, originally called Black Rainbow, the first metal band in Venezuela, only with bass and drums, replacing guitars with bass guitar, and adding electronic sequences executed under the MIDI environment. That year, they had a unique performance at the Festival Nuevas Bandas (a musical contest that features newborn bands of different genres from all over the country), capturing the attention and applause of the audience, but the project remained in pause, due to the multiple commitments of the Arcuri brothers with their other activities. Meanwhile, they kept accumulating experience, rehearsing and creating themes.
From 2011, the project, initially called Black Rainbow, evolves and happens to be call Arcuri Overthrow, and they recorded several singles, compiled in an EP called "Inicio", with the participation of some Latin American rock stars, between them: Elkin Ramírez singer of Colombian hard rock band Kraken, and Hugo Bistolfi keyboardist of Argentine heavy metal band Rata Blanca. Besides, they also collaborated: Andrew Vincze (Venezuelan vocalist of the Hungarian/Venezuelan progressive metal band Progness), and the string ensemble Akashiaft.
2016, brings as new members of the group to: the 'Princess of the National Rock' of Venezuela, the girl Fiorella Arcuri, Vicente's daughter, and Felipe's niece, in the voices, and Luis Loyo, on bass. Rubén Hernández and Luis Loyo perform as musical producers, along with the Arcuri brothers, who are the executive producers of the band too.
In 2017, the band is recording their first album, which has the participation of several guests from the Latin American rock scene.
Band members
Felipe Arcuri – bass, backing vocals
Vicente Arcuri – drums
Fiorella Arcuri – backing vocals
Luis Loyo – bass, backing vocals
Discography
EP
Inicio (2011)
References
External links
Official website
Felipe Arcuri Official website
Vicente Arcuri Official website
Felipe Arcuri in Encyclopaedia Metallum
Vicente Arcuri in Encyclopaedia Metallum
|
Commons category
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Arcuri Overthrow"
]
}
|
Arcuri Overthrow is a Venezuelan experimental metal band based in Valencia, Venezuela. The band was formed in 2002 in Valencia by the brothers Arcuri: bassist Felipe and drummer Vicente, with the original name Black Rainbow. It's the first Venezuelan metal band, only with bass and drums.
History
Its members are the brothers Arcuri: Felipe (bass player of the Venezuelan heavy metal band Arkangel, one of the most legendary and successful bands in the Latin American rock scene) and Vicente (drummer of the Venezuelan heavy metal band Gillman), who in 2002, founded an experimental project, originally called Black Rainbow, the first metal band in Venezuela, only with bass and drums, replacing guitars with bass guitar, and adding electronic sequences executed under the MIDI environment. That year, they had a unique performance at the Festival Nuevas Bandas (a musical contest that features newborn bands of different genres from all over the country), capturing the attention and applause of the audience, but the project remained in pause, due to the multiple commitments of the Arcuri brothers with their other activities. Meanwhile, they kept accumulating experience, rehearsing and creating themes.
From 2011, the project, initially called Black Rainbow, evolves and happens to be call Arcuri Overthrow, and they recorded several singles, compiled in an EP called "Inicio", with the participation of some Latin American rock stars, between them: Elkin Ramírez singer of Colombian hard rock band Kraken, and Hugo Bistolfi keyboardist of Argentine heavy metal band Rata Blanca. Besides, they also collaborated: Andrew Vincze (Venezuelan vocalist of the Hungarian/Venezuelan progressive metal band Progness), and the string ensemble Akashiaft.
2016, brings as new members of the group to: the 'Princess of the National Rock' of Venezuela, the girl Fiorella Arcuri, Vicente's daughter, and Felipe's niece, in the voices, and Luis Loyo, on bass. Rubén Hernández and Luis Loyo perform as musical producers, along with the Arcuri brothers, who are the executive producers of the band too.
In 2017, the band is recording their first album, which has the participation of several guests from the Latin American rock scene.
Band members
Felipe Arcuri – bass, backing vocals
Vicente Arcuri – drums
Fiorella Arcuri – backing vocals
Luis Loyo – bass, backing vocals
Discography
EP
Inicio (2011)
References
External links
Official website
Felipe Arcuri Official website
Vicente Arcuri Official website
Felipe Arcuri in Encyclopaedia Metallum
Vicente Arcuri in Encyclopaedia Metallum
|
country of origin
|
{
"answer_start": [
22
],
"text": [
"Venezuela"
]
}
|
Arcuri Overthrow is a Venezuelan experimental metal band based in Valencia, Venezuela. The band was formed in 2002 in Valencia by the brothers Arcuri: bassist Felipe and drummer Vicente, with the original name Black Rainbow. It's the first Venezuelan metal band, only with bass and drums.
History
Its members are the brothers Arcuri: Felipe (bass player of the Venezuelan heavy metal band Arkangel, one of the most legendary and successful bands in the Latin American rock scene) and Vicente (drummer of the Venezuelan heavy metal band Gillman), who in 2002, founded an experimental project, originally called Black Rainbow, the first metal band in Venezuela, only with bass and drums, replacing guitars with bass guitar, and adding electronic sequences executed under the MIDI environment. That year, they had a unique performance at the Festival Nuevas Bandas (a musical contest that features newborn bands of different genres from all over the country), capturing the attention and applause of the audience, but the project remained in pause, due to the multiple commitments of the Arcuri brothers with their other activities. Meanwhile, they kept accumulating experience, rehearsing and creating themes.
From 2011, the project, initially called Black Rainbow, evolves and happens to be call Arcuri Overthrow, and they recorded several singles, compiled in an EP called "Inicio", with the participation of some Latin American rock stars, between them: Elkin Ramírez singer of Colombian hard rock band Kraken, and Hugo Bistolfi keyboardist of Argentine heavy metal band Rata Blanca. Besides, they also collaborated: Andrew Vincze (Venezuelan vocalist of the Hungarian/Venezuelan progressive metal band Progness), and the string ensemble Akashiaft.
2016, brings as new members of the group to: the 'Princess of the National Rock' of Venezuela, the girl Fiorella Arcuri, Vicente's daughter, and Felipe's niece, in the voices, and Luis Loyo, on bass. Rubén Hernández and Luis Loyo perform as musical producers, along with the Arcuri brothers, who are the executive producers of the band too.
In 2017, the band is recording their first album, which has the participation of several guests from the Latin American rock scene.
Band members
Felipe Arcuri – bass, backing vocals
Vicente Arcuri – drums
Fiorella Arcuri – backing vocals
Luis Loyo – bass, backing vocals
Discography
EP
Inicio (2011)
References
External links
Official website
Felipe Arcuri Official website
Vicente Arcuri Official website
Felipe Arcuri in Encyclopaedia Metallum
Vicente Arcuri in Encyclopaedia Metallum
|
has part(s)
|
{
"answer_start": [
2241
],
"text": [
"Felipe Arcuri"
]
}
|
Kaledibi can refer to:
Kaledibi, Düzce
Kaledibi, Hani
Kaledibi, Olur
|
located in the administrative territorial entity
|
{
"answer_start": [
50
],
"text": [
"Hani"
]
}
|
Alejandro Balde Martínez (born 10 October 2003) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a left-back for La Liga club Barcelona and the Spain national team.
Club career
Born in Barcelona, Catalonia, to a Bissau-Guinean father and a Dominican mother, Balde joined FC Barcelona in 2011 at the age of eight after coming up through ranks at RCD Espanyol. In July 2021, he signed a contract renewal with Barcelona until 2024 with a release clause of 500 million euros.Balde impressed during pre-season in the summer 2021, and began the new campaign as Jordi Alba's primary back-up at Camp Nou. He sat on the bench for the opening match against Real Sociedad and the next game against Athletic Bilbao.On 14 September 2021, he played his first official match for Barcelona's first team replacing Alba in the 74th minute of a 3–0 loss to Bayern Munich in the group stage of the UEFA Champions League.From the start of 2022–23 season, Balde was given a more prominent role by coach Xavi, starting in more league matches than Jordi Alba and receiving more minutes in important matches.
International career
Balde received a surprised call up to the Spain national team two days before the start of the 2022 FIFA World Cup, as fellow left-back José Gayà had injured his ankle in training. On 23 November 2022, he made his first international appearance in a 7–0 win against Costa Rica, substituting for Jordi Alba in the 64th minute.
Career statistics
Club
As of match played 28 May 2023
International
As of match played 25 March 2023
Honours
Barcelona
La Liga: 2022–23
Supercopa de España: 2022–23Individual
La Liga Team of the Season: 2022–23
References
External links
Alejandro Balde at BDFutbol
FC Barcelona official profile
|
place of birth
|
{
"answer_start": [
127
],
"text": [
"Barcelona"
]
}
|
Alejandro Balde Martínez (born 10 October 2003) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a left-back for La Liga club Barcelona and the Spain national team.
Club career
Born in Barcelona, Catalonia, to a Bissau-Guinean father and a Dominican mother, Balde joined FC Barcelona in 2011 at the age of eight after coming up through ranks at RCD Espanyol. In July 2021, he signed a contract renewal with Barcelona until 2024 with a release clause of 500 million euros.Balde impressed during pre-season in the summer 2021, and began the new campaign as Jordi Alba's primary back-up at Camp Nou. He sat on the bench for the opening match against Real Sociedad and the next game against Athletic Bilbao.On 14 September 2021, he played his first official match for Barcelona's first team replacing Alba in the 74th minute of a 3–0 loss to Bayern Munich in the group stage of the UEFA Champions League.From the start of 2022–23 season, Balde was given a more prominent role by coach Xavi, starting in more league matches than Jordi Alba and receiving more minutes in important matches.
International career
Balde received a surprised call up to the Spain national team two days before the start of the 2022 FIFA World Cup, as fellow left-back José Gayà had injured his ankle in training. On 23 November 2022, he made his first international appearance in a 7–0 win against Costa Rica, substituting for Jordi Alba in the 64th minute.
Career statistics
Club
As of match played 28 May 2023
International
As of match played 25 March 2023
Honours
Barcelona
La Liga: 2022–23
Supercopa de España: 2022–23Individual
La Liga Team of the Season: 2022–23
References
External links
Alejandro Balde at BDFutbol
FC Barcelona official profile
|
country of citizenship
|
{
"answer_start": [
145
],
"text": [
"Spain"
]
}
|
Alejandro Balde Martínez (born 10 October 2003) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a left-back for La Liga club Barcelona and the Spain national team.
Club career
Born in Barcelona, Catalonia, to a Bissau-Guinean father and a Dominican mother, Balde joined FC Barcelona in 2011 at the age of eight after coming up through ranks at RCD Espanyol. In July 2021, he signed a contract renewal with Barcelona until 2024 with a release clause of 500 million euros.Balde impressed during pre-season in the summer 2021, and began the new campaign as Jordi Alba's primary back-up at Camp Nou. He sat on the bench for the opening match against Real Sociedad and the next game against Athletic Bilbao.On 14 September 2021, he played his first official match for Barcelona's first team replacing Alba in the 74th minute of a 3–0 loss to Bayern Munich in the group stage of the UEFA Champions League.From the start of 2022–23 season, Balde was given a more prominent role by coach Xavi, starting in more league matches than Jordi Alba and receiving more minutes in important matches.
International career
Balde received a surprised call up to the Spain national team two days before the start of the 2022 FIFA World Cup, as fellow left-back José Gayà had injured his ankle in training. On 23 November 2022, he made his first international appearance in a 7–0 win against Costa Rica, substituting for Jordi Alba in the 64th minute.
Career statistics
Club
As of match played 28 May 2023
International
As of match played 25 March 2023
Honours
Barcelona
La Liga: 2022–23
Supercopa de España: 2022–23Individual
La Liga Team of the Season: 2022–23
References
External links
Alejandro Balde at BDFutbol
FC Barcelona official profile
|
member of sports team
|
{
"answer_start": [
273
],
"text": [
"FC Barcelona"
]
}
|
Alejandro Balde Martínez (born 10 October 2003) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a left-back for La Liga club Barcelona and the Spain national team.
Club career
Born in Barcelona, Catalonia, to a Bissau-Guinean father and a Dominican mother, Balde joined FC Barcelona in 2011 at the age of eight after coming up through ranks at RCD Espanyol. In July 2021, he signed a contract renewal with Barcelona until 2024 with a release clause of 500 million euros.Balde impressed during pre-season in the summer 2021, and began the new campaign as Jordi Alba's primary back-up at Camp Nou. He sat on the bench for the opening match against Real Sociedad and the next game against Athletic Bilbao.On 14 September 2021, he played his first official match for Barcelona's first team replacing Alba in the 74th minute of a 3–0 loss to Bayern Munich in the group stage of the UEFA Champions League.From the start of 2022–23 season, Balde was given a more prominent role by coach Xavi, starting in more league matches than Jordi Alba and receiving more minutes in important matches.
International career
Balde received a surprised call up to the Spain national team two days before the start of the 2022 FIFA World Cup, as fellow left-back José Gayà had injured his ankle in training. On 23 November 2022, he made his first international appearance in a 7–0 win against Costa Rica, substituting for Jordi Alba in the 64th minute.
Career statistics
Club
As of match played 28 May 2023
International
As of match played 25 March 2023
Honours
Barcelona
La Liga: 2022–23
Supercopa de España: 2022–23Individual
La Liga Team of the Season: 2022–23
References
External links
Alejandro Balde at BDFutbol
FC Barcelona official profile
|
Commons category
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Alejandro Balde"
]
}
|
Alejandro Balde Martínez (born 10 October 2003) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a left-back for La Liga club Barcelona and the Spain national team.
Club career
Born in Barcelona, Catalonia, to a Bissau-Guinean father and a Dominican mother, Balde joined FC Barcelona in 2011 at the age of eight after coming up through ranks at RCD Espanyol. In July 2021, he signed a contract renewal with Barcelona until 2024 with a release clause of 500 million euros.Balde impressed during pre-season in the summer 2021, and began the new campaign as Jordi Alba's primary back-up at Camp Nou. He sat on the bench for the opening match against Real Sociedad and the next game against Athletic Bilbao.On 14 September 2021, he played his first official match for Barcelona's first team replacing Alba in the 74th minute of a 3–0 loss to Bayern Munich in the group stage of the UEFA Champions League.From the start of 2022–23 season, Balde was given a more prominent role by coach Xavi, starting in more league matches than Jordi Alba and receiving more minutes in important matches.
International career
Balde received a surprised call up to the Spain national team two days before the start of the 2022 FIFA World Cup, as fellow left-back José Gayà had injured his ankle in training. On 23 November 2022, he made his first international appearance in a 7–0 win against Costa Rica, substituting for Jordi Alba in the 64th minute.
Career statistics
Club
As of match played 28 May 2023
International
As of match played 25 March 2023
Honours
Barcelona
La Liga: 2022–23
Supercopa de España: 2022–23Individual
La Liga Team of the Season: 2022–23
References
External links
Alejandro Balde at BDFutbol
FC Barcelona official profile
|
given name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Alejandro"
]
}
|
Alejandro Balde Martínez (born 10 October 2003) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a left-back for La Liga club Barcelona and the Spain national team.
Club career
Born in Barcelona, Catalonia, to a Bissau-Guinean father and a Dominican mother, Balde joined FC Barcelona in 2011 at the age of eight after coming up through ranks at RCD Espanyol. In July 2021, he signed a contract renewal with Barcelona until 2024 with a release clause of 500 million euros.Balde impressed during pre-season in the summer 2021, and began the new campaign as Jordi Alba's primary back-up at Camp Nou. He sat on the bench for the opening match against Real Sociedad and the next game against Athletic Bilbao.On 14 September 2021, he played his first official match for Barcelona's first team replacing Alba in the 74th minute of a 3–0 loss to Bayern Munich in the group stage of the UEFA Champions League.From the start of 2022–23 season, Balde was given a more prominent role by coach Xavi, starting in more league matches than Jordi Alba and receiving more minutes in important matches.
International career
Balde received a surprised call up to the Spain national team two days before the start of the 2022 FIFA World Cup, as fellow left-back José Gayà had injured his ankle in training. On 23 November 2022, he made his first international appearance in a 7–0 win against Costa Rica, substituting for Jordi Alba in the 64th minute.
Career statistics
Club
As of match played 28 May 2023
International
As of match played 25 March 2023
Honours
Barcelona
La Liga: 2022–23
Supercopa de España: 2022–23Individual
La Liga Team of the Season: 2022–23
References
External links
Alejandro Balde at BDFutbol
FC Barcelona official profile
|
country for sport
|
{
"answer_start": [
145
],
"text": [
"Spain"
]
}
|
Alejandro Balde Martínez (born 10 October 2003) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a left-back for La Liga club Barcelona and the Spain national team.
Club career
Born in Barcelona, Catalonia, to a Bissau-Guinean father and a Dominican mother, Balde joined FC Barcelona in 2011 at the age of eight after coming up through ranks at RCD Espanyol. In July 2021, he signed a contract renewal with Barcelona until 2024 with a release clause of 500 million euros.Balde impressed during pre-season in the summer 2021, and began the new campaign as Jordi Alba's primary back-up at Camp Nou. He sat on the bench for the opening match against Real Sociedad and the next game against Athletic Bilbao.On 14 September 2021, he played his first official match for Barcelona's first team replacing Alba in the 74th minute of a 3–0 loss to Bayern Munich in the group stage of the UEFA Champions League.From the start of 2022–23 season, Balde was given a more prominent role by coach Xavi, starting in more league matches than Jordi Alba and receiving more minutes in important matches.
International career
Balde received a surprised call up to the Spain national team two days before the start of the 2022 FIFA World Cup, as fellow left-back José Gayà had injured his ankle in training. On 23 November 2022, he made his first international appearance in a 7–0 win against Costa Rica, substituting for Jordi Alba in the 64th minute.
Career statistics
Club
As of match played 28 May 2023
International
As of match played 25 March 2023
Honours
Barcelona
La Liga: 2022–23
Supercopa de España: 2022–23Individual
La Liga Team of the Season: 2022–23
References
External links
Alejandro Balde at BDFutbol
FC Barcelona official profile
|
second family name in Spanish name
|
{
"answer_start": [
16
],
"text": [
"Martínez"
]
}
|
Floria Sigismondi (, born 1965) is an Italian-Canadian film director, screenwriter, music video director, artist, and photographer.
She is best known for writing and directing The Runaways, for directing music videos for performers including Dua Lipa, Sam Smith, Jimmy Page and Robert Plant (of Led Zeppelin fame), Marilyn Manson, Christina Aguilera, Justin Timberlake, Rihanna, Leonard Cohen, Katy Perry, Björk, and David Bowie, and commercials for brands such as Gucci, MAC, Target, and Nike. Sigismondi has also directed television including two episodes of The Handmaid's Tale and American Gods.
Life and career
Sigismondi was born in Pescara, Abruzzo, Italy. Her parents, Lina and Domenico Sigismondi, were opera singers. Her family, including her sister Antonella, moved to Hamilton, Ontario, Canada when she was two. In her childhood she became obsessed by drawing and painting. Starting in 1987, she studied painting and illustration at the Ontario College of Art, today's Ontario College of Art & Design University (OCADU). When she took a photography course, she became obsessed once more, and graduated with a photography major.
Sigismondi started a career as a fashion photographer. She came to directing music videos when she was approached by the production company The Revolver Film Co., and directed music videos for a number of Canadian bands. Her very innovative, but also very disturbing video works, located in sceneries she once described as "entropic underworlds inhabited by tortured souls and omnipotent beings," attracted a number of very prominent musicians. She has further described her works as, "Something quite textural and brutal" and something quite beautiful and light. It's like blending two worlds."
With her photography and sculpture installations she had solo exhibitions in Hamilton and Toronto, New York City, Brescia (Italy), Gothenburg (Sweden), and London. Her photographs also were included in numerous group exhibitions, together with artists such as Cindy Sherman, Joel-Peter Witkin, and Francesco Clemente. The German art press Die Gestalten Verlag has published two monographs of her photography, Redemption (1999) and Immune (2005). Sigismondi also willingly creates her own set props for various music video productions such as, Perfume Genius's "Die 4 U". "If I don't create them myself, I design or draw them, I can get quite tactile detailed as far as what I see." She has an affinity for strange yet alluring things and created a flesh-esque chair to appeal to the sexual tension and desire to the spectator.
Film director
Sigismondi's first feature-length film was The Runaways, a period piece about the 1970s all-girl rock and roll band The Runaways. The film is largely about the relationship between Joan Jett and Cherie Currie. Sigismondi wrote the screenplay based on Currie's book Neon Angel: A Memoir of a Runaway. The film premiered in 2010 at the Sundance Film Festival and was released in Canada and the United States in March 2010.
In 2020, Sigismondi directed the horror film The Turning, which was inspired by the 1898 Henry James novella The Turn of the Screw, and stars Mackenzie Davis and Finn Wolfhard.
Filmography
Postmortem Bliss (short film, 2006)
The Runaways (2010)
Leaning Towards Solace (short film, 2012)
Hemlock Grove (TV series, episode "Bodily Fluids", 2014)
Daredevil (TV series, episode "Kinbaku", 2016)
The Handmaid's Tale (TV series, 2 episodes 2017)
American Gods (TV series, episode "Come to Jesus", 2017)
The Turning (2020)
The Silence of Mercy (TBA)
Music videos (selection)
Director
Cinematographer
2000 "4 Ton Mantis", Amon Tobin
Awards (selection)
2013 MTV Music Video Award, USA - Winner for Video of The Year, for Mirrors (Justin Timberlake)
2004 Juno Awards, Canada - Best Music Video, for "Fighter" (Christina Aguilera)
2003 MTV European Awards - Best International Video Award, for Untitled (Sigur Rós)
2003 New York Underground Film Festival - Audio/Visual Award, for Untitled (Sigur Rós)
2003 Advertising and Design Awards, Toronto, Ontario, Canada - Special Merit Award for Music Video, for "Fighter" (Christina Aguilera)
1999 German Kodak Photobook Award, for her book Redemption
1998 British Music Video Awards, UK - Nomination for Best Video: "Little Wonder" (David Bowie)
1997 MTV Music Video Awards, USA - Nomination for Best Rock Video: "Beautiful People" (Marilyn Manson)
References
Sigismondi, Floria (1999). Redemption. Gestalten Verlag. ISBN 3-931126-18-8.
Sigismondi, Floria (2005). Immune. Gestalten Verlag. ISBN 3-89955-069-2.
External links
Official website
Floria Sigismondi at IMDb
Interview in Revolutionart International Magazine 4
The Raconteurs' video for 'Broken Boy Soldier' + interview with director Floria Sigismondi.
CoolHunting.com Video Interview
A Short Film directed by Floria also with a brief interview
Commercials, select music videos and a biography at Believe Media
Official site for the feature documentary 'FLicKeR'
Fright Club - The New York Times Magazine
|
place of birth
|
{
"answer_start": [
640
],
"text": [
"Pescara"
]
}
|
Floria Sigismondi (, born 1965) is an Italian-Canadian film director, screenwriter, music video director, artist, and photographer.
She is best known for writing and directing The Runaways, for directing music videos for performers including Dua Lipa, Sam Smith, Jimmy Page and Robert Plant (of Led Zeppelin fame), Marilyn Manson, Christina Aguilera, Justin Timberlake, Rihanna, Leonard Cohen, Katy Perry, Björk, and David Bowie, and commercials for brands such as Gucci, MAC, Target, and Nike. Sigismondi has also directed television including two episodes of The Handmaid's Tale and American Gods.
Life and career
Sigismondi was born in Pescara, Abruzzo, Italy. Her parents, Lina and Domenico Sigismondi, were opera singers. Her family, including her sister Antonella, moved to Hamilton, Ontario, Canada when she was two. In her childhood she became obsessed by drawing and painting. Starting in 1987, she studied painting and illustration at the Ontario College of Art, today's Ontario College of Art & Design University (OCADU). When she took a photography course, she became obsessed once more, and graduated with a photography major.
Sigismondi started a career as a fashion photographer. She came to directing music videos when she was approached by the production company The Revolver Film Co., and directed music videos for a number of Canadian bands. Her very innovative, but also very disturbing video works, located in sceneries she once described as "entropic underworlds inhabited by tortured souls and omnipotent beings," attracted a number of very prominent musicians. She has further described her works as, "Something quite textural and brutal" and something quite beautiful and light. It's like blending two worlds."
With her photography and sculpture installations she had solo exhibitions in Hamilton and Toronto, New York City, Brescia (Italy), Gothenburg (Sweden), and London. Her photographs also were included in numerous group exhibitions, together with artists such as Cindy Sherman, Joel-Peter Witkin, and Francesco Clemente. The German art press Die Gestalten Verlag has published two monographs of her photography, Redemption (1999) and Immune (2005). Sigismondi also willingly creates her own set props for various music video productions such as, Perfume Genius's "Die 4 U". "If I don't create them myself, I design or draw them, I can get quite tactile detailed as far as what I see." She has an affinity for strange yet alluring things and created a flesh-esque chair to appeal to the sexual tension and desire to the spectator.
Film director
Sigismondi's first feature-length film was The Runaways, a period piece about the 1970s all-girl rock and roll band The Runaways. The film is largely about the relationship between Joan Jett and Cherie Currie. Sigismondi wrote the screenplay based on Currie's book Neon Angel: A Memoir of a Runaway. The film premiered in 2010 at the Sundance Film Festival and was released in Canada and the United States in March 2010.
In 2020, Sigismondi directed the horror film The Turning, which was inspired by the 1898 Henry James novella The Turn of the Screw, and stars Mackenzie Davis and Finn Wolfhard.
Filmography
Postmortem Bliss (short film, 2006)
The Runaways (2010)
Leaning Towards Solace (short film, 2012)
Hemlock Grove (TV series, episode "Bodily Fluids", 2014)
Daredevil (TV series, episode "Kinbaku", 2016)
The Handmaid's Tale (TV series, 2 episodes 2017)
American Gods (TV series, episode "Come to Jesus", 2017)
The Turning (2020)
The Silence of Mercy (TBA)
Music videos (selection)
Director
Cinematographer
2000 "4 Ton Mantis", Amon Tobin
Awards (selection)
2013 MTV Music Video Award, USA - Winner for Video of The Year, for Mirrors (Justin Timberlake)
2004 Juno Awards, Canada - Best Music Video, for "Fighter" (Christina Aguilera)
2003 MTV European Awards - Best International Video Award, for Untitled (Sigur Rós)
2003 New York Underground Film Festival - Audio/Visual Award, for Untitled (Sigur Rós)
2003 Advertising and Design Awards, Toronto, Ontario, Canada - Special Merit Award for Music Video, for "Fighter" (Christina Aguilera)
1999 German Kodak Photobook Award, for her book Redemption
1998 British Music Video Awards, UK - Nomination for Best Video: "Little Wonder" (David Bowie)
1997 MTV Music Video Awards, USA - Nomination for Best Rock Video: "Beautiful People" (Marilyn Manson)
References
Sigismondi, Floria (1999). Redemption. Gestalten Verlag. ISBN 3-931126-18-8.
Sigismondi, Floria (2005). Immune. Gestalten Verlag. ISBN 3-89955-069-2.
External links
Official website
Floria Sigismondi at IMDb
Interview in Revolutionart International Magazine 4
The Raconteurs' video for 'Broken Boy Soldier' + interview with director Floria Sigismondi.
CoolHunting.com Video Interview
A Short Film directed by Floria also with a brief interview
Commercials, select music videos and a biography at Believe Media
Official site for the feature documentary 'FLicKeR'
Fright Club - The New York Times Magazine
|
country of citizenship
|
{
"answer_start": [
800
],
"text": [
"Canada"
]
}
|
Floria Sigismondi (, born 1965) is an Italian-Canadian film director, screenwriter, music video director, artist, and photographer.
She is best known for writing and directing The Runaways, for directing music videos for performers including Dua Lipa, Sam Smith, Jimmy Page and Robert Plant (of Led Zeppelin fame), Marilyn Manson, Christina Aguilera, Justin Timberlake, Rihanna, Leonard Cohen, Katy Perry, Björk, and David Bowie, and commercials for brands such as Gucci, MAC, Target, and Nike. Sigismondi has also directed television including two episodes of The Handmaid's Tale and American Gods.
Life and career
Sigismondi was born in Pescara, Abruzzo, Italy. Her parents, Lina and Domenico Sigismondi, were opera singers. Her family, including her sister Antonella, moved to Hamilton, Ontario, Canada when she was two. In her childhood she became obsessed by drawing and painting. Starting in 1987, she studied painting and illustration at the Ontario College of Art, today's Ontario College of Art & Design University (OCADU). When she took a photography course, she became obsessed once more, and graduated with a photography major.
Sigismondi started a career as a fashion photographer. She came to directing music videos when she was approached by the production company The Revolver Film Co., and directed music videos for a number of Canadian bands. Her very innovative, but also very disturbing video works, located in sceneries she once described as "entropic underworlds inhabited by tortured souls and omnipotent beings," attracted a number of very prominent musicians. She has further described her works as, "Something quite textural and brutal" and something quite beautiful and light. It's like blending two worlds."
With her photography and sculpture installations she had solo exhibitions in Hamilton and Toronto, New York City, Brescia (Italy), Gothenburg (Sweden), and London. Her photographs also were included in numerous group exhibitions, together with artists such as Cindy Sherman, Joel-Peter Witkin, and Francesco Clemente. The German art press Die Gestalten Verlag has published two monographs of her photography, Redemption (1999) and Immune (2005). Sigismondi also willingly creates her own set props for various music video productions such as, Perfume Genius's "Die 4 U". "If I don't create them myself, I design or draw them, I can get quite tactile detailed as far as what I see." She has an affinity for strange yet alluring things and created a flesh-esque chair to appeal to the sexual tension and desire to the spectator.
Film director
Sigismondi's first feature-length film was The Runaways, a period piece about the 1970s all-girl rock and roll band The Runaways. The film is largely about the relationship between Joan Jett and Cherie Currie. Sigismondi wrote the screenplay based on Currie's book Neon Angel: A Memoir of a Runaway. The film premiered in 2010 at the Sundance Film Festival and was released in Canada and the United States in March 2010.
In 2020, Sigismondi directed the horror film The Turning, which was inspired by the 1898 Henry James novella The Turn of the Screw, and stars Mackenzie Davis and Finn Wolfhard.
Filmography
Postmortem Bliss (short film, 2006)
The Runaways (2010)
Leaning Towards Solace (short film, 2012)
Hemlock Grove (TV series, episode "Bodily Fluids", 2014)
Daredevil (TV series, episode "Kinbaku", 2016)
The Handmaid's Tale (TV series, 2 episodes 2017)
American Gods (TV series, episode "Come to Jesus", 2017)
The Turning (2020)
The Silence of Mercy (TBA)
Music videos (selection)
Director
Cinematographer
2000 "4 Ton Mantis", Amon Tobin
Awards (selection)
2013 MTV Music Video Award, USA - Winner for Video of The Year, for Mirrors (Justin Timberlake)
2004 Juno Awards, Canada - Best Music Video, for "Fighter" (Christina Aguilera)
2003 MTV European Awards - Best International Video Award, for Untitled (Sigur Rós)
2003 New York Underground Film Festival - Audio/Visual Award, for Untitled (Sigur Rós)
2003 Advertising and Design Awards, Toronto, Ontario, Canada - Special Merit Award for Music Video, for "Fighter" (Christina Aguilera)
1999 German Kodak Photobook Award, for her book Redemption
1998 British Music Video Awards, UK - Nomination for Best Video: "Little Wonder" (David Bowie)
1997 MTV Music Video Awards, USA - Nomination for Best Rock Video: "Beautiful People" (Marilyn Manson)
References
Sigismondi, Floria (1999). Redemption. Gestalten Verlag. ISBN 3-931126-18-8.
Sigismondi, Floria (2005). Immune. Gestalten Verlag. ISBN 3-89955-069-2.
External links
Official website
Floria Sigismondi at IMDb
Interview in Revolutionart International Magazine 4
The Raconteurs' video for 'Broken Boy Soldier' + interview with director Floria Sigismondi.
CoolHunting.com Video Interview
A Short Film directed by Floria also with a brief interview
Commercials, select music videos and a biography at Believe Media
Official site for the feature documentary 'FLicKeR'
Fright Club - The New York Times Magazine
|
occupation
|
{
"answer_start": [
70
],
"text": [
"screenwriter"
]
}
|
Floria Sigismondi (, born 1965) is an Italian-Canadian film director, screenwriter, music video director, artist, and photographer.
She is best known for writing and directing The Runaways, for directing music videos for performers including Dua Lipa, Sam Smith, Jimmy Page and Robert Plant (of Led Zeppelin fame), Marilyn Manson, Christina Aguilera, Justin Timberlake, Rihanna, Leonard Cohen, Katy Perry, Björk, and David Bowie, and commercials for brands such as Gucci, MAC, Target, and Nike. Sigismondi has also directed television including two episodes of The Handmaid's Tale and American Gods.
Life and career
Sigismondi was born in Pescara, Abruzzo, Italy. Her parents, Lina and Domenico Sigismondi, were opera singers. Her family, including her sister Antonella, moved to Hamilton, Ontario, Canada when she was two. In her childhood she became obsessed by drawing and painting. Starting in 1987, she studied painting and illustration at the Ontario College of Art, today's Ontario College of Art & Design University (OCADU). When she took a photography course, she became obsessed once more, and graduated with a photography major.
Sigismondi started a career as a fashion photographer. She came to directing music videos when she was approached by the production company The Revolver Film Co., and directed music videos for a number of Canadian bands. Her very innovative, but also very disturbing video works, located in sceneries she once described as "entropic underworlds inhabited by tortured souls and omnipotent beings," attracted a number of very prominent musicians. She has further described her works as, "Something quite textural and brutal" and something quite beautiful and light. It's like blending two worlds."
With her photography and sculpture installations she had solo exhibitions in Hamilton and Toronto, New York City, Brescia (Italy), Gothenburg (Sweden), and London. Her photographs also were included in numerous group exhibitions, together with artists such as Cindy Sherman, Joel-Peter Witkin, and Francesco Clemente. The German art press Die Gestalten Verlag has published two monographs of her photography, Redemption (1999) and Immune (2005). Sigismondi also willingly creates her own set props for various music video productions such as, Perfume Genius's "Die 4 U". "If I don't create them myself, I design or draw them, I can get quite tactile detailed as far as what I see." She has an affinity for strange yet alluring things and created a flesh-esque chair to appeal to the sexual tension and desire to the spectator.
Film director
Sigismondi's first feature-length film was The Runaways, a period piece about the 1970s all-girl rock and roll band The Runaways. The film is largely about the relationship between Joan Jett and Cherie Currie. Sigismondi wrote the screenplay based on Currie's book Neon Angel: A Memoir of a Runaway. The film premiered in 2010 at the Sundance Film Festival and was released in Canada and the United States in March 2010.
In 2020, Sigismondi directed the horror film The Turning, which was inspired by the 1898 Henry James novella The Turn of the Screw, and stars Mackenzie Davis and Finn Wolfhard.
Filmography
Postmortem Bliss (short film, 2006)
The Runaways (2010)
Leaning Towards Solace (short film, 2012)
Hemlock Grove (TV series, episode "Bodily Fluids", 2014)
Daredevil (TV series, episode "Kinbaku", 2016)
The Handmaid's Tale (TV series, 2 episodes 2017)
American Gods (TV series, episode "Come to Jesus", 2017)
The Turning (2020)
The Silence of Mercy (TBA)
Music videos (selection)
Director
Cinematographer
2000 "4 Ton Mantis", Amon Tobin
Awards (selection)
2013 MTV Music Video Award, USA - Winner for Video of The Year, for Mirrors (Justin Timberlake)
2004 Juno Awards, Canada - Best Music Video, for "Fighter" (Christina Aguilera)
2003 MTV European Awards - Best International Video Award, for Untitled (Sigur Rós)
2003 New York Underground Film Festival - Audio/Visual Award, for Untitled (Sigur Rós)
2003 Advertising and Design Awards, Toronto, Ontario, Canada - Special Merit Award for Music Video, for "Fighter" (Christina Aguilera)
1999 German Kodak Photobook Award, for her book Redemption
1998 British Music Video Awards, UK - Nomination for Best Video: "Little Wonder" (David Bowie)
1997 MTV Music Video Awards, USA - Nomination for Best Rock Video: "Beautiful People" (Marilyn Manson)
References
Sigismondi, Floria (1999). Redemption. Gestalten Verlag. ISBN 3-931126-18-8.
Sigismondi, Floria (2005). Immune. Gestalten Verlag. ISBN 3-89955-069-2.
External links
Official website
Floria Sigismondi at IMDb
Interview in Revolutionart International Magazine 4
The Raconteurs' video for 'Broken Boy Soldier' + interview with director Floria Sigismondi.
CoolHunting.com Video Interview
A Short Film directed by Floria also with a brief interview
Commercials, select music videos and a biography at Believe Media
Official site for the feature documentary 'FLicKeR'
Fright Club - The New York Times Magazine
|
Commons category
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Floria Sigismondi"
]
}
|
Floria Sigismondi (, born 1965) is an Italian-Canadian film director, screenwriter, music video director, artist, and photographer.
She is best known for writing and directing The Runaways, for directing music videos for performers including Dua Lipa, Sam Smith, Jimmy Page and Robert Plant (of Led Zeppelin fame), Marilyn Manson, Christina Aguilera, Justin Timberlake, Rihanna, Leonard Cohen, Katy Perry, Björk, and David Bowie, and commercials for brands such as Gucci, MAC, Target, and Nike. Sigismondi has also directed television including two episodes of The Handmaid's Tale and American Gods.
Life and career
Sigismondi was born in Pescara, Abruzzo, Italy. Her parents, Lina and Domenico Sigismondi, were opera singers. Her family, including her sister Antonella, moved to Hamilton, Ontario, Canada when she was two. In her childhood she became obsessed by drawing and painting. Starting in 1987, she studied painting and illustration at the Ontario College of Art, today's Ontario College of Art & Design University (OCADU). When she took a photography course, she became obsessed once more, and graduated with a photography major.
Sigismondi started a career as a fashion photographer. She came to directing music videos when she was approached by the production company The Revolver Film Co., and directed music videos for a number of Canadian bands. Her very innovative, but also very disturbing video works, located in sceneries she once described as "entropic underworlds inhabited by tortured souls and omnipotent beings," attracted a number of very prominent musicians. She has further described her works as, "Something quite textural and brutal" and something quite beautiful and light. It's like blending two worlds."
With her photography and sculpture installations she had solo exhibitions in Hamilton and Toronto, New York City, Brescia (Italy), Gothenburg (Sweden), and London. Her photographs also were included in numerous group exhibitions, together with artists such as Cindy Sherman, Joel-Peter Witkin, and Francesco Clemente. The German art press Die Gestalten Verlag has published two monographs of her photography, Redemption (1999) and Immune (2005). Sigismondi also willingly creates her own set props for various music video productions such as, Perfume Genius's "Die 4 U". "If I don't create them myself, I design or draw them, I can get quite tactile detailed as far as what I see." She has an affinity for strange yet alluring things and created a flesh-esque chair to appeal to the sexual tension and desire to the spectator.
Film director
Sigismondi's first feature-length film was The Runaways, a period piece about the 1970s all-girl rock and roll band The Runaways. The film is largely about the relationship between Joan Jett and Cherie Currie. Sigismondi wrote the screenplay based on Currie's book Neon Angel: A Memoir of a Runaway. The film premiered in 2010 at the Sundance Film Festival and was released in Canada and the United States in March 2010.
In 2020, Sigismondi directed the horror film The Turning, which was inspired by the 1898 Henry James novella The Turn of the Screw, and stars Mackenzie Davis and Finn Wolfhard.
Filmography
Postmortem Bliss (short film, 2006)
The Runaways (2010)
Leaning Towards Solace (short film, 2012)
Hemlock Grove (TV series, episode "Bodily Fluids", 2014)
Daredevil (TV series, episode "Kinbaku", 2016)
The Handmaid's Tale (TV series, 2 episodes 2017)
American Gods (TV series, episode "Come to Jesus", 2017)
The Turning (2020)
The Silence of Mercy (TBA)
Music videos (selection)
Director
Cinematographer
2000 "4 Ton Mantis", Amon Tobin
Awards (selection)
2013 MTV Music Video Award, USA - Winner for Video of The Year, for Mirrors (Justin Timberlake)
2004 Juno Awards, Canada - Best Music Video, for "Fighter" (Christina Aguilera)
2003 MTV European Awards - Best International Video Award, for Untitled (Sigur Rós)
2003 New York Underground Film Festival - Audio/Visual Award, for Untitled (Sigur Rós)
2003 Advertising and Design Awards, Toronto, Ontario, Canada - Special Merit Award for Music Video, for "Fighter" (Christina Aguilera)
1999 German Kodak Photobook Award, for her book Redemption
1998 British Music Video Awards, UK - Nomination for Best Video: "Little Wonder" (David Bowie)
1997 MTV Music Video Awards, USA - Nomination for Best Rock Video: "Beautiful People" (Marilyn Manson)
References
Sigismondi, Floria (1999). Redemption. Gestalten Verlag. ISBN 3-931126-18-8.
Sigismondi, Floria (2005). Immune. Gestalten Verlag. ISBN 3-89955-069-2.
External links
Official website
Floria Sigismondi at IMDb
Interview in Revolutionart International Magazine 4
The Raconteurs' video for 'Broken Boy Soldier' + interview with director Floria Sigismondi.
CoolHunting.com Video Interview
A Short Film directed by Floria also with a brief interview
Commercials, select music videos and a biography at Believe Media
Official site for the feature documentary 'FLicKeR'
Fright Club - The New York Times Magazine
|
residence
|
{
"answer_start": [
781
],
"text": [
"Hamilton"
]
}
|
Floria Sigismondi (, born 1965) is an Italian-Canadian film director, screenwriter, music video director, artist, and photographer.
She is best known for writing and directing The Runaways, for directing music videos for performers including Dua Lipa, Sam Smith, Jimmy Page and Robert Plant (of Led Zeppelin fame), Marilyn Manson, Christina Aguilera, Justin Timberlake, Rihanna, Leonard Cohen, Katy Perry, Björk, and David Bowie, and commercials for brands such as Gucci, MAC, Target, and Nike. Sigismondi has also directed television including two episodes of The Handmaid's Tale and American Gods.
Life and career
Sigismondi was born in Pescara, Abruzzo, Italy. Her parents, Lina and Domenico Sigismondi, were opera singers. Her family, including her sister Antonella, moved to Hamilton, Ontario, Canada when she was two. In her childhood she became obsessed by drawing and painting. Starting in 1987, she studied painting and illustration at the Ontario College of Art, today's Ontario College of Art & Design University (OCADU). When she took a photography course, she became obsessed once more, and graduated with a photography major.
Sigismondi started a career as a fashion photographer. She came to directing music videos when she was approached by the production company The Revolver Film Co., and directed music videos for a number of Canadian bands. Her very innovative, but also very disturbing video works, located in sceneries she once described as "entropic underworlds inhabited by tortured souls and omnipotent beings," attracted a number of very prominent musicians. She has further described her works as, "Something quite textural and brutal" and something quite beautiful and light. It's like blending two worlds."
With her photography and sculpture installations she had solo exhibitions in Hamilton and Toronto, New York City, Brescia (Italy), Gothenburg (Sweden), and London. Her photographs also were included in numerous group exhibitions, together with artists such as Cindy Sherman, Joel-Peter Witkin, and Francesco Clemente. The German art press Die Gestalten Verlag has published two monographs of her photography, Redemption (1999) and Immune (2005). Sigismondi also willingly creates her own set props for various music video productions such as, Perfume Genius's "Die 4 U". "If I don't create them myself, I design or draw them, I can get quite tactile detailed as far as what I see." She has an affinity for strange yet alluring things and created a flesh-esque chair to appeal to the sexual tension and desire to the spectator.
Film director
Sigismondi's first feature-length film was The Runaways, a period piece about the 1970s all-girl rock and roll band The Runaways. The film is largely about the relationship between Joan Jett and Cherie Currie. Sigismondi wrote the screenplay based on Currie's book Neon Angel: A Memoir of a Runaway. The film premiered in 2010 at the Sundance Film Festival and was released in Canada and the United States in March 2010.
In 2020, Sigismondi directed the horror film The Turning, which was inspired by the 1898 Henry James novella The Turn of the Screw, and stars Mackenzie Davis and Finn Wolfhard.
Filmography
Postmortem Bliss (short film, 2006)
The Runaways (2010)
Leaning Towards Solace (short film, 2012)
Hemlock Grove (TV series, episode "Bodily Fluids", 2014)
Daredevil (TV series, episode "Kinbaku", 2016)
The Handmaid's Tale (TV series, 2 episodes 2017)
American Gods (TV series, episode "Come to Jesus", 2017)
The Turning (2020)
The Silence of Mercy (TBA)
Music videos (selection)
Director
Cinematographer
2000 "4 Ton Mantis", Amon Tobin
Awards (selection)
2013 MTV Music Video Award, USA - Winner for Video of The Year, for Mirrors (Justin Timberlake)
2004 Juno Awards, Canada - Best Music Video, for "Fighter" (Christina Aguilera)
2003 MTV European Awards - Best International Video Award, for Untitled (Sigur Rós)
2003 New York Underground Film Festival - Audio/Visual Award, for Untitled (Sigur Rós)
2003 Advertising and Design Awards, Toronto, Ontario, Canada - Special Merit Award for Music Video, for "Fighter" (Christina Aguilera)
1999 German Kodak Photobook Award, for her book Redemption
1998 British Music Video Awards, UK - Nomination for Best Video: "Little Wonder" (David Bowie)
1997 MTV Music Video Awards, USA - Nomination for Best Rock Video: "Beautiful People" (Marilyn Manson)
References
Sigismondi, Floria (1999). Redemption. Gestalten Verlag. ISBN 3-931126-18-8.
Sigismondi, Floria (2005). Immune. Gestalten Verlag. ISBN 3-89955-069-2.
External links
Official website
Floria Sigismondi at IMDb
Interview in Revolutionart International Magazine 4
The Raconteurs' video for 'Broken Boy Soldier' + interview with director Floria Sigismondi.
CoolHunting.com Video Interview
A Short Film directed by Floria also with a brief interview
Commercials, select music videos and a biography at Believe Media
Official site for the feature documentary 'FLicKeR'
Fright Club - The New York Times Magazine
|
given name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Floria"
]
}
|
Floria Sigismondi (, born 1965) is an Italian-Canadian film director, screenwriter, music video director, artist, and photographer.
She is best known for writing and directing The Runaways, for directing music videos for performers including Dua Lipa, Sam Smith, Jimmy Page and Robert Plant (of Led Zeppelin fame), Marilyn Manson, Christina Aguilera, Justin Timberlake, Rihanna, Leonard Cohen, Katy Perry, Björk, and David Bowie, and commercials for brands such as Gucci, MAC, Target, and Nike. Sigismondi has also directed television including two episodes of The Handmaid's Tale and American Gods.
Life and career
Sigismondi was born in Pescara, Abruzzo, Italy. Her parents, Lina and Domenico Sigismondi, were opera singers. Her family, including her sister Antonella, moved to Hamilton, Ontario, Canada when she was two. In her childhood she became obsessed by drawing and painting. Starting in 1987, she studied painting and illustration at the Ontario College of Art, today's Ontario College of Art & Design University (OCADU). When she took a photography course, she became obsessed once more, and graduated with a photography major.
Sigismondi started a career as a fashion photographer. She came to directing music videos when she was approached by the production company The Revolver Film Co., and directed music videos for a number of Canadian bands. Her very innovative, but also very disturbing video works, located in sceneries she once described as "entropic underworlds inhabited by tortured souls and omnipotent beings," attracted a number of very prominent musicians. She has further described her works as, "Something quite textural and brutal" and something quite beautiful and light. It's like blending two worlds."
With her photography and sculpture installations she had solo exhibitions in Hamilton and Toronto, New York City, Brescia (Italy), Gothenburg (Sweden), and London. Her photographs also were included in numerous group exhibitions, together with artists such as Cindy Sherman, Joel-Peter Witkin, and Francesco Clemente. The German art press Die Gestalten Verlag has published two monographs of her photography, Redemption (1999) and Immune (2005). Sigismondi also willingly creates her own set props for various music video productions such as, Perfume Genius's "Die 4 U". "If I don't create them myself, I design or draw them, I can get quite tactile detailed as far as what I see." She has an affinity for strange yet alluring things and created a flesh-esque chair to appeal to the sexual tension and desire to the spectator.
Film director
Sigismondi's first feature-length film was The Runaways, a period piece about the 1970s all-girl rock and roll band The Runaways. The film is largely about the relationship between Joan Jett and Cherie Currie. Sigismondi wrote the screenplay based on Currie's book Neon Angel: A Memoir of a Runaway. The film premiered in 2010 at the Sundance Film Festival and was released in Canada and the United States in March 2010.
In 2020, Sigismondi directed the horror film The Turning, which was inspired by the 1898 Henry James novella The Turn of the Screw, and stars Mackenzie Davis and Finn Wolfhard.
Filmography
Postmortem Bliss (short film, 2006)
The Runaways (2010)
Leaning Towards Solace (short film, 2012)
Hemlock Grove (TV series, episode "Bodily Fluids", 2014)
Daredevil (TV series, episode "Kinbaku", 2016)
The Handmaid's Tale (TV series, 2 episodes 2017)
American Gods (TV series, episode "Come to Jesus", 2017)
The Turning (2020)
The Silence of Mercy (TBA)
Music videos (selection)
Director
Cinematographer
2000 "4 Ton Mantis", Amon Tobin
Awards (selection)
2013 MTV Music Video Award, USA - Winner for Video of The Year, for Mirrors (Justin Timberlake)
2004 Juno Awards, Canada - Best Music Video, for "Fighter" (Christina Aguilera)
2003 MTV European Awards - Best International Video Award, for Untitled (Sigur Rós)
2003 New York Underground Film Festival - Audio/Visual Award, for Untitled (Sigur Rós)
2003 Advertising and Design Awards, Toronto, Ontario, Canada - Special Merit Award for Music Video, for "Fighter" (Christina Aguilera)
1999 German Kodak Photobook Award, for her book Redemption
1998 British Music Video Awards, UK - Nomination for Best Video: "Little Wonder" (David Bowie)
1997 MTV Music Video Awards, USA - Nomination for Best Rock Video: "Beautiful People" (Marilyn Manson)
References
Sigismondi, Floria (1999). Redemption. Gestalten Verlag. ISBN 3-931126-18-8.
Sigismondi, Floria (2005). Immune. Gestalten Verlag. ISBN 3-89955-069-2.
External links
Official website
Floria Sigismondi at IMDb
Interview in Revolutionart International Magazine 4
The Raconteurs' video for 'Broken Boy Soldier' + interview with director Floria Sigismondi.
CoolHunting.com Video Interview
A Short Film directed by Floria also with a brief interview
Commercials, select music videos and a biography at Believe Media
Official site for the feature documentary 'FLicKeR'
Fright Club - The New York Times Magazine
|
languages spoken, written or signed
|
{
"answer_start": [
38
],
"text": [
"Italian"
]
}
|
Floria Sigismondi (, born 1965) is an Italian-Canadian film director, screenwriter, music video director, artist, and photographer.
She is best known for writing and directing The Runaways, for directing music videos for performers including Dua Lipa, Sam Smith, Jimmy Page and Robert Plant (of Led Zeppelin fame), Marilyn Manson, Christina Aguilera, Justin Timberlake, Rihanna, Leonard Cohen, Katy Perry, Björk, and David Bowie, and commercials for brands such as Gucci, MAC, Target, and Nike. Sigismondi has also directed television including two episodes of The Handmaid's Tale and American Gods.
Life and career
Sigismondi was born in Pescara, Abruzzo, Italy. Her parents, Lina and Domenico Sigismondi, were opera singers. Her family, including her sister Antonella, moved to Hamilton, Ontario, Canada when she was two. In her childhood she became obsessed by drawing and painting. Starting in 1987, she studied painting and illustration at the Ontario College of Art, today's Ontario College of Art & Design University (OCADU). When she took a photography course, she became obsessed once more, and graduated with a photography major.
Sigismondi started a career as a fashion photographer. She came to directing music videos when she was approached by the production company The Revolver Film Co., and directed music videos for a number of Canadian bands. Her very innovative, but also very disturbing video works, located in sceneries she once described as "entropic underworlds inhabited by tortured souls and omnipotent beings," attracted a number of very prominent musicians. She has further described her works as, "Something quite textural and brutal" and something quite beautiful and light. It's like blending two worlds."
With her photography and sculpture installations she had solo exhibitions in Hamilton and Toronto, New York City, Brescia (Italy), Gothenburg (Sweden), and London. Her photographs also were included in numerous group exhibitions, together with artists such as Cindy Sherman, Joel-Peter Witkin, and Francesco Clemente. The German art press Die Gestalten Verlag has published two monographs of her photography, Redemption (1999) and Immune (2005). Sigismondi also willingly creates her own set props for various music video productions such as, Perfume Genius's "Die 4 U". "If I don't create them myself, I design or draw them, I can get quite tactile detailed as far as what I see." She has an affinity for strange yet alluring things and created a flesh-esque chair to appeal to the sexual tension and desire to the spectator.
Film director
Sigismondi's first feature-length film was The Runaways, a period piece about the 1970s all-girl rock and roll band The Runaways. The film is largely about the relationship between Joan Jett and Cherie Currie. Sigismondi wrote the screenplay based on Currie's book Neon Angel: A Memoir of a Runaway. The film premiered in 2010 at the Sundance Film Festival and was released in Canada and the United States in March 2010.
In 2020, Sigismondi directed the horror film The Turning, which was inspired by the 1898 Henry James novella The Turn of the Screw, and stars Mackenzie Davis and Finn Wolfhard.
Filmography
Postmortem Bliss (short film, 2006)
The Runaways (2010)
Leaning Towards Solace (short film, 2012)
Hemlock Grove (TV series, episode "Bodily Fluids", 2014)
Daredevil (TV series, episode "Kinbaku", 2016)
The Handmaid's Tale (TV series, 2 episodes 2017)
American Gods (TV series, episode "Come to Jesus", 2017)
The Turning (2020)
The Silence of Mercy (TBA)
Music videos (selection)
Director
Cinematographer
2000 "4 Ton Mantis", Amon Tobin
Awards (selection)
2013 MTV Music Video Award, USA - Winner for Video of The Year, for Mirrors (Justin Timberlake)
2004 Juno Awards, Canada - Best Music Video, for "Fighter" (Christina Aguilera)
2003 MTV European Awards - Best International Video Award, for Untitled (Sigur Rós)
2003 New York Underground Film Festival - Audio/Visual Award, for Untitled (Sigur Rós)
2003 Advertising and Design Awards, Toronto, Ontario, Canada - Special Merit Award for Music Video, for "Fighter" (Christina Aguilera)
1999 German Kodak Photobook Award, for her book Redemption
1998 British Music Video Awards, UK - Nomination for Best Video: "Little Wonder" (David Bowie)
1997 MTV Music Video Awards, USA - Nomination for Best Rock Video: "Beautiful People" (Marilyn Manson)
References
Sigismondi, Floria (1999). Redemption. Gestalten Verlag. ISBN 3-931126-18-8.
Sigismondi, Floria (2005). Immune. Gestalten Verlag. ISBN 3-89955-069-2.
External links
Official website
Floria Sigismondi at IMDb
Interview in Revolutionart International Magazine 4
The Raconteurs' video for 'Broken Boy Soldier' + interview with director Floria Sigismondi.
CoolHunting.com Video Interview
A Short Film directed by Floria also with a brief interview
Commercials, select music videos and a biography at Believe Media
Official site for the feature documentary 'FLicKeR'
Fright Club - The New York Times Magazine
|
number of children
|
{
"answer_start": [
26
],
"text": [
"1"
]
}
|
The Raid on Santorini took place on 24 April 1944 as part of the Mediterranean Campaign in World War II. It was conducted by the British Special Boat Service, against the mixed German and Italian garrison on the island of Santorini (Thera) in the Aegean Sea. The raid was made in tandem with similar operations at the islands of Ios, Mykonos and Amorgos that aimed to destroy Axis naval observation posts and radio stations on the Cycladic islands.
Background
During the winter of 1943, the Germans had secured their control of the Aegean archipelago. In spring 1944, they still maintained appreciable garrisons on Greek isles. The British wished to maintain a secondary front in the Aegean, therefore, after the fall of Kos and Leros, the Middle East HQ issued orders to the SBS special forces unit to attack the garrisons of occupied Greek islands such as Santorini.
The raid
On April 19, a group of 19 commandos under Major Anders Lassen sailed from their hideout in Balisu bay, Turkey aboard two schooners. After a three-day voyage that included intermediate stops in Syrna and Anydros, the group landed on an easterly beach near cape Columbo on the night of 22 to 23. They marched towards the village of Vourvoulos and after contacting the locals, the group hid in a nearby cave. The two schooners sought shelter in the nearby Christiana islands, southwest of Santorini. One member of the group of commandos was the Greek Lieutenant Stefanos Kasoulis (Greek: Στέφανος Καζούλλης). On April 23, Kasoulis was guided by locals to the capital Fira to gather intelligence. Based on Kasoulis' information, Lassen decided to divide his forces into three detachments. The first would attack the barracks in Fira, the second would head to the residence of the German commanding officer (Lieutenant Hesse) in Fira and attempt to capture him while the third would target the radio station in Imerovigli. This radio had a long range and served as a relay supporting communications between Athens and Crete.
The zero hour for the attack was set to 00:45 of April 24 and the three detachments were led to their targets by local guides. The barracks were located in the centre of Fira, on the second floor of a building that housed a bank. The attackers came from two different directions and in spite of barking dogs, they managed to surprise the 40-strong garrison and eliminate most of them. During the attack, Kasoulis received a shot in the chest and died immediately. Sergeant Frank Kingston was also shot in the abdomen and succumbed to his wounds a few hours later. The attack against the German commanding officer was unsuccessful as he and a few others managed to flee unscathed. The building housing the radio installation was blown up with time bombs. The commandos escaped using their two schooners, taking with them some of the locals who had helped them.
Reprisals
On April 29, German reinforcements from the island of Milos surrounded Vourvoulos. They amassed all local men aged 14 and older and threatened them with reprisals if they did not reveal those who helped the commandos. A few villagers admitted their involvement and were sent to the firing squad. In all, a total of five men, among them the village mayor, were executed. It is unclear why the rest of the villagers and the village itself was spared. It has been claimed that this was the result of a letter written to Lt Hesse by Lassen, warning him that his name was known to the Allies who would hold him accountable for any reprisals he ordered. A monument commemorating the victims has been erected in Vourvoulos.
Aftermath
Two commandos died in the operation and five civilians were shot in reprisal. Another 13 civilians from Imerovigli who were hoping to sack German provisions in the radio building died when the explosives installed in it went off. The number of German casualties was around 40 and 19 were taken prisoners. Due to its violence, the operation became known as Lassen's Bloodbath. This and similar operations forced the German General Kleemann to instruct his troops that "[they were] living in an enemy country" and reinforce the Aegean garrisons by 4,000 men. These forces remained tied down in place for the rest of the war, depriving other fronts of their services.
In August 1944, Kasoulis was posthumously awarded the Greek Cross of Valour. Serjeant Frank Kingston is buried at the Phaleron War Cemetery near Athens.
See also
Raid on Symi
== References ==
|
location
|
{
"answer_start": [
12
],
"text": [
"Santorini"
]
}
|
USS Pasco (PG-114/PF-6), a Tacoma-class patrol frigate in commission from 1944 to 1945, has thus far been the only ship of the United States Navy to be named for Pasco, Washington. She later served in the Soviet Navy as EK-12 and in the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force as JDS Kashi (PF-3/PF-283) and as YAC-12.
Construction and commissioning
Originally classified as a patrol gunboat, PG-114, Pasco was reclassified as a patrol frigate, PF-6, on 15 April 1943. She was laid down under Maritime Commission (MARCOM) contract, as MC Hull 1424, on 7 July 1943, by the Permanente Metals Richmond Shipyard#4, Richmond, California. Launched on 17 August 1943, sponsored by Miss Myrna Olson, the ship was commissioned on 15 April 1944. Her first commanding officer was Commander Roy E. Stockstill, USCGR, who was succeeded on 26 April 1945, by Lieutenant Olaz Laveson, USCGR.
Service history
U.S. Navy, World War II, 1944–1945
After shakedown, Pasco reported to San Francisco, California, on 25 May 1944, and conducted patrol operations in the San Francisco-San Diego, California, area until reporting to Kodiak, Territory of Alaska, to serve in the Alaskan Sea Frontier on 15 October 1944. In January 1945, she steamed to Seattle, Washington, and conducted defensive patrols off the coast of the Pacific Northwest.Selected for transfer to the Soviet Navy in Project Hula – a secret program for the transfer of US Navy ships to the Soviet Navy at Cold Bay, Alaska, in anticipation of the Soviet Union joining the war against Japan – Pasco proceeded to Cold Bay, in the summer of 1945, and began training her new Soviet crew.
Soviet Navy, 1945–1949
Following the completion of training for her Soviet crew, Pasco was decommissioned on 16 August 1945, at Cold Bay, and transferred to the Soviet Union under Lend-Lease immediately along with her sister ships Tacoma, Sausalito, Hoquiam, Albuquerque, and Everett. Commissioned into the Soviet Navy immediately, Pasco was designated as a storozhevoi korabl ("escort ship") and renamed EK-12 in Soviet service. She soon departed Cold Bay, bound for Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky in the Soviet Union, where she served as a patrol vessel in the Soviet Far East.In February 1946, the United States began negotiations for the return of ships loaned to the Soviet Union for use during World War II. On 8 May 1947, United States Secretary of the Navy James V. Forrestal informed the United States Department of State that the United States Department of the Navy wanted 480 of the 585 combatant ships it had transferred to the Soviet Union for World War II use returned, EK-12 among them. Negotiations for the return of the ships were protracted, but on 16 October 1949 the Soviet Union finally returned EK-12 to the US Navy at Yokosuka, Japan.
Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force, 1953–1968
Reverting to her former name, Pasco lay idle in the Pacific Reserve Fleet at Yokosuka until loaned to Japan in 1953, entering service in the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force as JDS Kashi (PF-3) (かし (PF-3), "live oak"). Kashi was redesignated PF-283 on 1 September 1957. The United States struck the ship from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 December 1961, and transferred her to Japan outright in 1964. Kashi was decommissioned on 30 June 1967, reclassified as an "auxiliary stock craft" (YAC), and renamed YAC-12. She was returned to US custody on 18 March 1968.
Republic of Korea Navy, 1969
The United States transferred the ship to South Korea in 1969, and the Republic of Korea Navy cannibalized her for spare parts for its other Tacoma-class patrol frigates. In April 1969, the ship was converted to a floating pier. Her final disposition is unknown.
Notes
References
Bibliography
External links
Photo gallery of USS Pasco at NavSource Naval History
hazegray.org: USS Pasco
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
47
],
"text": [
"frigate"
]
}
|
USS Pasco (PG-114/PF-6), a Tacoma-class patrol frigate in commission from 1944 to 1945, has thus far been the only ship of the United States Navy to be named for Pasco, Washington. She later served in the Soviet Navy as EK-12 and in the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force as JDS Kashi (PF-3/PF-283) and as YAC-12.
Construction and commissioning
Originally classified as a patrol gunboat, PG-114, Pasco was reclassified as a patrol frigate, PF-6, on 15 April 1943. She was laid down under Maritime Commission (MARCOM) contract, as MC Hull 1424, on 7 July 1943, by the Permanente Metals Richmond Shipyard#4, Richmond, California. Launched on 17 August 1943, sponsored by Miss Myrna Olson, the ship was commissioned on 15 April 1944. Her first commanding officer was Commander Roy E. Stockstill, USCGR, who was succeeded on 26 April 1945, by Lieutenant Olaz Laveson, USCGR.
Service history
U.S. Navy, World War II, 1944–1945
After shakedown, Pasco reported to San Francisco, California, on 25 May 1944, and conducted patrol operations in the San Francisco-San Diego, California, area until reporting to Kodiak, Territory of Alaska, to serve in the Alaskan Sea Frontier on 15 October 1944. In January 1945, she steamed to Seattle, Washington, and conducted defensive patrols off the coast of the Pacific Northwest.Selected for transfer to the Soviet Navy in Project Hula – a secret program for the transfer of US Navy ships to the Soviet Navy at Cold Bay, Alaska, in anticipation of the Soviet Union joining the war against Japan – Pasco proceeded to Cold Bay, in the summer of 1945, and began training her new Soviet crew.
Soviet Navy, 1945–1949
Following the completion of training for her Soviet crew, Pasco was decommissioned on 16 August 1945, at Cold Bay, and transferred to the Soviet Union under Lend-Lease immediately along with her sister ships Tacoma, Sausalito, Hoquiam, Albuquerque, and Everett. Commissioned into the Soviet Navy immediately, Pasco was designated as a storozhevoi korabl ("escort ship") and renamed EK-12 in Soviet service. She soon departed Cold Bay, bound for Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky in the Soviet Union, where she served as a patrol vessel in the Soviet Far East.In February 1946, the United States began negotiations for the return of ships loaned to the Soviet Union for use during World War II. On 8 May 1947, United States Secretary of the Navy James V. Forrestal informed the United States Department of State that the United States Department of the Navy wanted 480 of the 585 combatant ships it had transferred to the Soviet Union for World War II use returned, EK-12 among them. Negotiations for the return of the ships were protracted, but on 16 October 1949 the Soviet Union finally returned EK-12 to the US Navy at Yokosuka, Japan.
Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force, 1953–1968
Reverting to her former name, Pasco lay idle in the Pacific Reserve Fleet at Yokosuka until loaned to Japan in 1953, entering service in the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force as JDS Kashi (PF-3) (かし (PF-3), "live oak"). Kashi was redesignated PF-283 on 1 September 1957. The United States struck the ship from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 December 1961, and transferred her to Japan outright in 1964. Kashi was decommissioned on 30 June 1967, reclassified as an "auxiliary stock craft" (YAC), and renamed YAC-12. She was returned to US custody on 18 March 1968.
Republic of Korea Navy, 1969
The United States transferred the ship to South Korea in 1969, and the Republic of Korea Navy cannibalized her for spare parts for its other Tacoma-class patrol frigates. In April 1969, the ship was converted to a floating pier. Her final disposition is unknown.
Notes
References
Bibliography
External links
Photo gallery of USS Pasco at NavSource Naval History
hazegray.org: USS Pasco
|
operator
|
{
"answer_start": [
127
],
"text": [
"United States Navy"
]
}
|
USS Pasco (PG-114/PF-6), a Tacoma-class patrol frigate in commission from 1944 to 1945, has thus far been the only ship of the United States Navy to be named for Pasco, Washington. She later served in the Soviet Navy as EK-12 and in the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force as JDS Kashi (PF-3/PF-283) and as YAC-12.
Construction and commissioning
Originally classified as a patrol gunboat, PG-114, Pasco was reclassified as a patrol frigate, PF-6, on 15 April 1943. She was laid down under Maritime Commission (MARCOM) contract, as MC Hull 1424, on 7 July 1943, by the Permanente Metals Richmond Shipyard#4, Richmond, California. Launched on 17 August 1943, sponsored by Miss Myrna Olson, the ship was commissioned on 15 April 1944. Her first commanding officer was Commander Roy E. Stockstill, USCGR, who was succeeded on 26 April 1945, by Lieutenant Olaz Laveson, USCGR.
Service history
U.S. Navy, World War II, 1944–1945
After shakedown, Pasco reported to San Francisco, California, on 25 May 1944, and conducted patrol operations in the San Francisco-San Diego, California, area until reporting to Kodiak, Territory of Alaska, to serve in the Alaskan Sea Frontier on 15 October 1944. In January 1945, she steamed to Seattle, Washington, and conducted defensive patrols off the coast of the Pacific Northwest.Selected for transfer to the Soviet Navy in Project Hula – a secret program for the transfer of US Navy ships to the Soviet Navy at Cold Bay, Alaska, in anticipation of the Soviet Union joining the war against Japan – Pasco proceeded to Cold Bay, in the summer of 1945, and began training her new Soviet crew.
Soviet Navy, 1945–1949
Following the completion of training for her Soviet crew, Pasco was decommissioned on 16 August 1945, at Cold Bay, and transferred to the Soviet Union under Lend-Lease immediately along with her sister ships Tacoma, Sausalito, Hoquiam, Albuquerque, and Everett. Commissioned into the Soviet Navy immediately, Pasco was designated as a storozhevoi korabl ("escort ship") and renamed EK-12 in Soviet service. She soon departed Cold Bay, bound for Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky in the Soviet Union, where she served as a patrol vessel in the Soviet Far East.In February 1946, the United States began negotiations for the return of ships loaned to the Soviet Union for use during World War II. On 8 May 1947, United States Secretary of the Navy James V. Forrestal informed the United States Department of State that the United States Department of the Navy wanted 480 of the 585 combatant ships it had transferred to the Soviet Union for World War II use returned, EK-12 among them. Negotiations for the return of the ships were protracted, but on 16 October 1949 the Soviet Union finally returned EK-12 to the US Navy at Yokosuka, Japan.
Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force, 1953–1968
Reverting to her former name, Pasco lay idle in the Pacific Reserve Fleet at Yokosuka until loaned to Japan in 1953, entering service in the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force as JDS Kashi (PF-3) (かし (PF-3), "live oak"). Kashi was redesignated PF-283 on 1 September 1957. The United States struck the ship from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 December 1961, and transferred her to Japan outright in 1964. Kashi was decommissioned on 30 June 1967, reclassified as an "auxiliary stock craft" (YAC), and renamed YAC-12. She was returned to US custody on 18 March 1968.
Republic of Korea Navy, 1969
The United States transferred the ship to South Korea in 1969, and the Republic of Korea Navy cannibalized her for spare parts for its other Tacoma-class patrol frigates. In April 1969, the ship was converted to a floating pier. Her final disposition is unknown.
Notes
References
Bibliography
External links
Photo gallery of USS Pasco at NavSource Naval History
hazegray.org: USS Pasco
|
named after
|
{
"answer_start": [
4
],
"text": [
"Pasco"
]
}
|
USS Pasco (PG-114/PF-6), a Tacoma-class patrol frigate in commission from 1944 to 1945, has thus far been the only ship of the United States Navy to be named for Pasco, Washington. She later served in the Soviet Navy as EK-12 and in the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force as JDS Kashi (PF-3/PF-283) and as YAC-12.
Construction and commissioning
Originally classified as a patrol gunboat, PG-114, Pasco was reclassified as a patrol frigate, PF-6, on 15 April 1943. She was laid down under Maritime Commission (MARCOM) contract, as MC Hull 1424, on 7 July 1943, by the Permanente Metals Richmond Shipyard#4, Richmond, California. Launched on 17 August 1943, sponsored by Miss Myrna Olson, the ship was commissioned on 15 April 1944. Her first commanding officer was Commander Roy E. Stockstill, USCGR, who was succeeded on 26 April 1945, by Lieutenant Olaz Laveson, USCGR.
Service history
U.S. Navy, World War II, 1944–1945
After shakedown, Pasco reported to San Francisco, California, on 25 May 1944, and conducted patrol operations in the San Francisco-San Diego, California, area until reporting to Kodiak, Territory of Alaska, to serve in the Alaskan Sea Frontier on 15 October 1944. In January 1945, she steamed to Seattle, Washington, and conducted defensive patrols off the coast of the Pacific Northwest.Selected for transfer to the Soviet Navy in Project Hula – a secret program for the transfer of US Navy ships to the Soviet Navy at Cold Bay, Alaska, in anticipation of the Soviet Union joining the war against Japan – Pasco proceeded to Cold Bay, in the summer of 1945, and began training her new Soviet crew.
Soviet Navy, 1945–1949
Following the completion of training for her Soviet crew, Pasco was decommissioned on 16 August 1945, at Cold Bay, and transferred to the Soviet Union under Lend-Lease immediately along with her sister ships Tacoma, Sausalito, Hoquiam, Albuquerque, and Everett. Commissioned into the Soviet Navy immediately, Pasco was designated as a storozhevoi korabl ("escort ship") and renamed EK-12 in Soviet service. She soon departed Cold Bay, bound for Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky in the Soviet Union, where she served as a patrol vessel in the Soviet Far East.In February 1946, the United States began negotiations for the return of ships loaned to the Soviet Union for use during World War II. On 8 May 1947, United States Secretary of the Navy James V. Forrestal informed the United States Department of State that the United States Department of the Navy wanted 480 of the 585 combatant ships it had transferred to the Soviet Union for World War II use returned, EK-12 among them. Negotiations for the return of the ships were protracted, but on 16 October 1949 the Soviet Union finally returned EK-12 to the US Navy at Yokosuka, Japan.
Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force, 1953–1968
Reverting to her former name, Pasco lay idle in the Pacific Reserve Fleet at Yokosuka until loaned to Japan in 1953, entering service in the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force as JDS Kashi (PF-3) (かし (PF-3), "live oak"). Kashi was redesignated PF-283 on 1 September 1957. The United States struck the ship from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 December 1961, and transferred her to Japan outright in 1964. Kashi was decommissioned on 30 June 1967, reclassified as an "auxiliary stock craft" (YAC), and renamed YAC-12. She was returned to US custody on 18 March 1968.
Republic of Korea Navy, 1969
The United States transferred the ship to South Korea in 1969, and the Republic of Korea Navy cannibalized her for spare parts for its other Tacoma-class patrol frigates. In April 1969, the ship was converted to a floating pier. Her final disposition is unknown.
Notes
References
Bibliography
External links
Photo gallery of USS Pasco at NavSource Naval History
hazegray.org: USS Pasco
|
conflict
|
{
"answer_start": [
899
],
"text": [
"World War II"
]
}
|
USS Pasco (PG-114/PF-6), a Tacoma-class patrol frigate in commission from 1944 to 1945, has thus far been the only ship of the United States Navy to be named for Pasco, Washington. She later served in the Soviet Navy as EK-12 and in the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force as JDS Kashi (PF-3/PF-283) and as YAC-12.
Construction and commissioning
Originally classified as a patrol gunboat, PG-114, Pasco was reclassified as a patrol frigate, PF-6, on 15 April 1943. She was laid down under Maritime Commission (MARCOM) contract, as MC Hull 1424, on 7 July 1943, by the Permanente Metals Richmond Shipyard#4, Richmond, California. Launched on 17 August 1943, sponsored by Miss Myrna Olson, the ship was commissioned on 15 April 1944. Her first commanding officer was Commander Roy E. Stockstill, USCGR, who was succeeded on 26 April 1945, by Lieutenant Olaz Laveson, USCGR.
Service history
U.S. Navy, World War II, 1944–1945
After shakedown, Pasco reported to San Francisco, California, on 25 May 1944, and conducted patrol operations in the San Francisco-San Diego, California, area until reporting to Kodiak, Territory of Alaska, to serve in the Alaskan Sea Frontier on 15 October 1944. In January 1945, she steamed to Seattle, Washington, and conducted defensive patrols off the coast of the Pacific Northwest.Selected for transfer to the Soviet Navy in Project Hula – a secret program for the transfer of US Navy ships to the Soviet Navy at Cold Bay, Alaska, in anticipation of the Soviet Union joining the war against Japan – Pasco proceeded to Cold Bay, in the summer of 1945, and began training her new Soviet crew.
Soviet Navy, 1945–1949
Following the completion of training for her Soviet crew, Pasco was decommissioned on 16 August 1945, at Cold Bay, and transferred to the Soviet Union under Lend-Lease immediately along with her sister ships Tacoma, Sausalito, Hoquiam, Albuquerque, and Everett. Commissioned into the Soviet Navy immediately, Pasco was designated as a storozhevoi korabl ("escort ship") and renamed EK-12 in Soviet service. She soon departed Cold Bay, bound for Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky in the Soviet Union, where she served as a patrol vessel in the Soviet Far East.In February 1946, the United States began negotiations for the return of ships loaned to the Soviet Union for use during World War II. On 8 May 1947, United States Secretary of the Navy James V. Forrestal informed the United States Department of State that the United States Department of the Navy wanted 480 of the 585 combatant ships it had transferred to the Soviet Union for World War II use returned, EK-12 among them. Negotiations for the return of the ships were protracted, but on 16 October 1949 the Soviet Union finally returned EK-12 to the US Navy at Yokosuka, Japan.
Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force, 1953–1968
Reverting to her former name, Pasco lay idle in the Pacific Reserve Fleet at Yokosuka until loaned to Japan in 1953, entering service in the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force as JDS Kashi (PF-3) (かし (PF-3), "live oak"). Kashi was redesignated PF-283 on 1 September 1957. The United States struck the ship from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 December 1961, and transferred her to Japan outright in 1964. Kashi was decommissioned on 30 June 1967, reclassified as an "auxiliary stock craft" (YAC), and renamed YAC-12. She was returned to US custody on 18 March 1968.
Republic of Korea Navy, 1969
The United States transferred the ship to South Korea in 1969, and the Republic of Korea Navy cannibalized her for spare parts for its other Tacoma-class patrol frigates. In April 1969, the ship was converted to a floating pier. Her final disposition is unknown.
Notes
References
Bibliography
External links
Photo gallery of USS Pasco at NavSource Naval History
hazegray.org: USS Pasco
|
pennant number
|
{
"answer_start": [
18
],
"text": [
"PF-6"
]
}
|
All Hallows School may refer to:
All Hallows Catholic School, Weybourne, Surrey, England
All Hallows Catholic High School, Penwortham, Lancashire, England
All Hallows High School, South Bronx, New York, United States
All Hallows Roman Catholic High School, Salford, Greater Manchester, England
All Hallows' School, Brisbane, Australia
All Hallows' School Buildings, the heritage-listed buildings at All Hallows' School, Brisbane
All Hallows Preparatory School, East Cranmore, Shepton Mallet, Somerset, England
See also
All Hallows College, a college of higher education in Dublin
All Hallows Catholic College, Macclesfield
All Hallows (disambiguation)
|
historic county
|
{
"answer_start": [
494
],
"text": [
"Somerset"
]
}
|
All Hallows School may refer to:
All Hallows Catholic School, Weybourne, Surrey, England
All Hallows Catholic High School, Penwortham, Lancashire, England
All Hallows High School, South Bronx, New York, United States
All Hallows Roman Catholic High School, Salford, Greater Manchester, England
All Hallows' School, Brisbane, Australia
All Hallows' School Buildings, the heritage-listed buildings at All Hallows' School, Brisbane
All Hallows Preparatory School, East Cranmore, Shepton Mallet, Somerset, England
See also
All Hallows College, a college of higher education in Dublin
All Hallows Catholic College, Macclesfield
All Hallows (disambiguation)
|
located in the administrative territorial entity
|
{
"answer_start": [
494
],
"text": [
"Somerset"
]
}
|
Irena Wanda Jarocka (18 August 1946 – 21 January 2012), was a Polish singer.
Career
Education
Jarocka was born in Srebrna Góra, Poland. She graduated from the V Liceum Ogólnokształcące im. Stefana Żeromskiego, and the faculty of music studies at Średnia Szkoła Muzyczna in Gdańsk, studying under professor Halina Mickiewiczówna. She later graduated from a Faculty of Biology at a teachers' college. Between 1969 and 1973 she lived in Paris on a scholarship, studying at Le Petit Conservatoire de la Chanson.
Music
Jarocka participated in amateur singing competitions, and worked with Zespół Estradowy Marynarki Wojennej Flotylla. In 1966, at 20 years old, she debuted at Klub Rudy Kot in Gdańsk, and first participated in the Krajowy Festiwal Piosenki Polskiej in Opole. She also performed at the Sopot Festival. She recorded albums for the Philips label and performed in concerts with Michel Sardou, Enrico Macias, Charles Aznavour, and Mireille Mathieu. She sang outside Poland, in such countries as Germany, Bulgaria, Switzerland, Italy, Portugal, Luxembourg, Australia and France, and for Polish communities in the US and Canada. She worked with Polanie, Czerwone Gitary, Budka Suflera, and Exodus.)
Film and television
Jarocka acted with Andrzej Kopiczyński in the film adaptation of Motylem jestem, czyli romans 40-latka (I am a butterfly, or a 40-year-old's romance), scripted and directed by Jerzy Gruza and Krzysztof Teodor Toeplitz. In the film Jarocka sang her own songs, including "Motylem jestem" ("I am a butterfly") and "Po prostu człowiek" ("Simply a human").Her performances and programs were recorded for Telewizja Polska stations in Gdańsk, Łódź, Poznań, Wrocław, Katowice, and Warsaw, including Irena Jarocka zaprasza (Irena Jarocka Invites You), Irena Jarocka i jej goście (Irena Jarocka and Guests), Spotkanie z gwiazdą (A Meeting with a Star), Mężczyzna na niepogodę (Man for Bad Weather), Największe przeboje Ireny Jarockiej (Biggest Hits of Irena Jarocka), Zwariowany dzień (A Crazy Day), and Bo wszystko jest piosenką francuską (Because Everything is a French Song). She also took part in Muzyka łączy pokolenia (Music Connects Generations) on TVP3.In 2006, in the US, she took part in the Amerykańskie Rozmowy w toku (American Conversations) with Ewa Drzyzga. The show dealt with famous Poles trying to make a living abroad.
About
From 1990 she lived in the United States with her second husband Michał Sobolewski [1], whom she married in 1989 while being in relationship from 1976 for 35 years till her last day. Her daughter with Sobolewski, Monika Sobolewska was born in Poland in 1982 and graduated from Texas Tech University in art-communication design. Jarocka was performing continuously in the States and European countries. Her first marriage, to Marian Zacharewicz, was dissolved. She maintained continuous ties with her public in Poland while living periodically in Warsaw during her frequent concert tours there. In 2007, she published an autobiographical novel, Motylem jestem, czyli piosenka o mnie samej. She died, aged 65, in Warsaw, from brain cancer.
Awards
1968: First place – Telewizyjna Giełda Piosenki with song "Gondolierzy znad Wisły" (Gondoliers from Vistula)
1971: Silver Gronostaj Award – Festival in Rennes, for music interpretation
1973: Silver Ring award – FPŻ in Kołobrzeg, with song "Ballada o żołnierzu, któremu udało się powrócić" (Ballad of a soldier, who manager to return)
1974: Audience Award – International Song Festival in Sopot
1975: Silver Nail of 1974 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
1975: Second place – Coupe d’Europe Musicale in Villach, Austria
1976: Silver Nail of 1975 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
1976: Special mention – Festival in Tokyo, Japan, for song "Odpływają kawiarenki" (Cafes are floating away)
1977: Silver Nail of 1976 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
1978: Special mention – Festival in Palma de Mallorca, for song "Wymyśliłam cię" (I made you up)
1978: Second place – Festival in Drezno, Germany, for song "Mój słodki Charlie" (My sweet Charlie)
1978: Special mention – Festival in Limassol, Cyprus
1979: Silver Nail of 1978 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
Discography
Albums
1974 – W cieniu dobrego drzewa, re-edition 2001
1976 – Gondolierzy znad Wisły, re-edition 2001
1977 – Wigilijne życzenie, re-edition 2001
1977 – Koncert
1978 – Być narzeczoną twą, re-edition 2001
1981 – Irena Jarocka
1987 – Irena Jarocka II
1992 – My French favorites
2001 – Mój wielki sen
2004 – Kolędy bez granic
2008 – Małe rzeczy
2010 – Ponieważ znów są Święta
2012 – Piosenki francuskie
Singles
1969 – Il faut y croire/Tu me reviendras
1970 – Tant que la barque va/Et ce sera moi
1974 – Śpiewam pod gołym niebem/Wymyśliłam Cię/Nie wrócą te lata/W cieniu dobrego drzewa
1975 – Junge Liebe/Warum weint der Wind
1975 – Kocha się raz/Zawsze pójdę z tobą
1976 – Sag ihm, das ich ihn liebe/Auf dem Bahnsteig Nr 8
1976 – Odpływają kawiarenki/Przeczucie
1976 – Sto lat czekam na twój list/By coś zostało z tych dni
1977 – Morgenrot/Unser Zelt aus Stroh
1978 – Garść piasku/Chyba się warto o mnie bić
1978 – Niech tańczą nasze serca/Mój słodki Charlie
1978 – Nie wiadomo, który dzień/Wszystko dam
1978 – Być narzeczoną twą/Przeoczone, zawinione
1978 – Nadzieja/Był ktoś
1979 – Piosenka spod welonu/Mon Harley Davidson/Plaisir d'amour/Aranjuez mon amour
1980 – To za mało/Nie odchodź jeszcze
1981 – Tańczy niedziela/Gimmie some lovin
1981 – Mam temat na życie/Bliski sercu dzień
2001 – Magia księżyca/Dance remix Motylem jestem, Kawiarenki, Nie wrócą te lata
2002 – Na krakowską nutę – duo with Wawele group
2008 – Małe rzeczy
2009 – No to co
2010 – Break Free – duo with Michael Bolton
2010 – Ponieważ znów są Święta
Compilation albums
1995 – Wielkie przeboje
1995 – Kolekcja vol.1
1995 – Kolekcja vol.2
1998 – Odpływają kawiarenki – Złota kolekcja
2002 – Złote przeboje – Platynowa kolekcja
2003 – Motylem jestem
2006 – Moje złote przeboje – Platynowa kolekcja
2006 – Piosenki o miłości – Platynowa kolekcja
2010 – Największe przeboje część 1
2010 – Największe przeboje część 2
2011 – 40 piosenek Ireny Jarockiej
References
Sources
Wolański, Ryszard (1995); Leksykon Polskiej Muzyki Rozrywkowej, pp. 78–79, Agencja Wydawnicza MOREX; ISBN 83-86848-05-7
External links
Irena Jarocka at IMDb
Irena Jarocka profile Filmpolski.pl; accessed 2 October 2014 (in Polish)
Irena Jarocka entry, Katalog Polskich Płyt Gramofonowych; accessed 2 October 2014 (in Polish)
Official website; accessed 2 October 2014 (in Polish)
|
languages spoken, written or signed
|
{
"answer_start": [
62
],
"text": [
"Polish"
]
}
|
Irena Wanda Jarocka (18 August 1946 – 21 January 2012), was a Polish singer.
Career
Education
Jarocka was born in Srebrna Góra, Poland. She graduated from the V Liceum Ogólnokształcące im. Stefana Żeromskiego, and the faculty of music studies at Średnia Szkoła Muzyczna in Gdańsk, studying under professor Halina Mickiewiczówna. She later graduated from a Faculty of Biology at a teachers' college. Between 1969 and 1973 she lived in Paris on a scholarship, studying at Le Petit Conservatoire de la Chanson.
Music
Jarocka participated in amateur singing competitions, and worked with Zespół Estradowy Marynarki Wojennej Flotylla. In 1966, at 20 years old, she debuted at Klub Rudy Kot in Gdańsk, and first participated in the Krajowy Festiwal Piosenki Polskiej in Opole. She also performed at the Sopot Festival. She recorded albums for the Philips label and performed in concerts with Michel Sardou, Enrico Macias, Charles Aznavour, and Mireille Mathieu. She sang outside Poland, in such countries as Germany, Bulgaria, Switzerland, Italy, Portugal, Luxembourg, Australia and France, and for Polish communities in the US and Canada. She worked with Polanie, Czerwone Gitary, Budka Suflera, and Exodus.)
Film and television
Jarocka acted with Andrzej Kopiczyński in the film adaptation of Motylem jestem, czyli romans 40-latka (I am a butterfly, or a 40-year-old's romance), scripted and directed by Jerzy Gruza and Krzysztof Teodor Toeplitz. In the film Jarocka sang her own songs, including "Motylem jestem" ("I am a butterfly") and "Po prostu człowiek" ("Simply a human").Her performances and programs were recorded for Telewizja Polska stations in Gdańsk, Łódź, Poznań, Wrocław, Katowice, and Warsaw, including Irena Jarocka zaprasza (Irena Jarocka Invites You), Irena Jarocka i jej goście (Irena Jarocka and Guests), Spotkanie z gwiazdą (A Meeting with a Star), Mężczyzna na niepogodę (Man for Bad Weather), Największe przeboje Ireny Jarockiej (Biggest Hits of Irena Jarocka), Zwariowany dzień (A Crazy Day), and Bo wszystko jest piosenką francuską (Because Everything is a French Song). She also took part in Muzyka łączy pokolenia (Music Connects Generations) on TVP3.In 2006, in the US, she took part in the Amerykańskie Rozmowy w toku (American Conversations) with Ewa Drzyzga. The show dealt with famous Poles trying to make a living abroad.
About
From 1990 she lived in the United States with her second husband Michał Sobolewski [1], whom she married in 1989 while being in relationship from 1976 for 35 years till her last day. Her daughter with Sobolewski, Monika Sobolewska was born in Poland in 1982 and graduated from Texas Tech University in art-communication design. Jarocka was performing continuously in the States and European countries. Her first marriage, to Marian Zacharewicz, was dissolved. She maintained continuous ties with her public in Poland while living periodically in Warsaw during her frequent concert tours there. In 2007, she published an autobiographical novel, Motylem jestem, czyli piosenka o mnie samej. She died, aged 65, in Warsaw, from brain cancer.
Awards
1968: First place – Telewizyjna Giełda Piosenki with song "Gondolierzy znad Wisły" (Gondoliers from Vistula)
1971: Silver Gronostaj Award – Festival in Rennes, for music interpretation
1973: Silver Ring award – FPŻ in Kołobrzeg, with song "Ballada o żołnierzu, któremu udało się powrócić" (Ballad of a soldier, who manager to return)
1974: Audience Award – International Song Festival in Sopot
1975: Silver Nail of 1974 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
1975: Second place – Coupe d’Europe Musicale in Villach, Austria
1976: Silver Nail of 1975 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
1976: Special mention – Festival in Tokyo, Japan, for song "Odpływają kawiarenki" (Cafes are floating away)
1977: Silver Nail of 1976 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
1978: Special mention – Festival in Palma de Mallorca, for song "Wymyśliłam cię" (I made you up)
1978: Second place – Festival in Drezno, Germany, for song "Mój słodki Charlie" (My sweet Charlie)
1978: Special mention – Festival in Limassol, Cyprus
1979: Silver Nail of 1978 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
Discography
Albums
1974 – W cieniu dobrego drzewa, re-edition 2001
1976 – Gondolierzy znad Wisły, re-edition 2001
1977 – Wigilijne życzenie, re-edition 2001
1977 – Koncert
1978 – Być narzeczoną twą, re-edition 2001
1981 – Irena Jarocka
1987 – Irena Jarocka II
1992 – My French favorites
2001 – Mój wielki sen
2004 – Kolędy bez granic
2008 – Małe rzeczy
2010 – Ponieważ znów są Święta
2012 – Piosenki francuskie
Singles
1969 – Il faut y croire/Tu me reviendras
1970 – Tant que la barque va/Et ce sera moi
1974 – Śpiewam pod gołym niebem/Wymyśliłam Cię/Nie wrócą te lata/W cieniu dobrego drzewa
1975 – Junge Liebe/Warum weint der Wind
1975 – Kocha się raz/Zawsze pójdę z tobą
1976 – Sag ihm, das ich ihn liebe/Auf dem Bahnsteig Nr 8
1976 – Odpływają kawiarenki/Przeczucie
1976 – Sto lat czekam na twój list/By coś zostało z tych dni
1977 – Morgenrot/Unser Zelt aus Stroh
1978 – Garść piasku/Chyba się warto o mnie bić
1978 – Niech tańczą nasze serca/Mój słodki Charlie
1978 – Nie wiadomo, który dzień/Wszystko dam
1978 – Być narzeczoną twą/Przeoczone, zawinione
1978 – Nadzieja/Był ktoś
1979 – Piosenka spod welonu/Mon Harley Davidson/Plaisir d'amour/Aranjuez mon amour
1980 – To za mało/Nie odchodź jeszcze
1981 – Tańczy niedziela/Gimmie some lovin
1981 – Mam temat na życie/Bliski sercu dzień
2001 – Magia księżyca/Dance remix Motylem jestem, Kawiarenki, Nie wrócą te lata
2002 – Na krakowską nutę – duo with Wawele group
2008 – Małe rzeczy
2009 – No to co
2010 – Break Free – duo with Michael Bolton
2010 – Ponieważ znów są Święta
Compilation albums
1995 – Wielkie przeboje
1995 – Kolekcja vol.1
1995 – Kolekcja vol.2
1998 – Odpływają kawiarenki – Złota kolekcja
2002 – Złote przeboje – Platynowa kolekcja
2003 – Motylem jestem
2006 – Moje złote przeboje – Platynowa kolekcja
2006 – Piosenki o miłości – Platynowa kolekcja
2010 – Największe przeboje część 1
2010 – Największe przeboje część 2
2011 – 40 piosenek Ireny Jarockiej
References
Sources
Wolański, Ryszard (1995); Leksykon Polskiej Muzyki Rozrywkowej, pp. 78–79, Agencja Wydawnicza MOREX; ISBN 83-86848-05-7
External links
Irena Jarocka at IMDb
Irena Jarocka profile Filmpolski.pl; accessed 2 October 2014 (in Polish)
Irena Jarocka entry, Katalog Polskich Płyt Gramofonowych; accessed 2 October 2014 (in Polish)
Official website; accessed 2 October 2014 (in Polish)
|
place of death
|
{
"answer_start": [
1700
],
"text": [
"Warsaw"
]
}
|
Irena Wanda Jarocka (18 August 1946 – 21 January 2012), was a Polish singer.
Career
Education
Jarocka was born in Srebrna Góra, Poland. She graduated from the V Liceum Ogólnokształcące im. Stefana Żeromskiego, and the faculty of music studies at Średnia Szkoła Muzyczna in Gdańsk, studying under professor Halina Mickiewiczówna. She later graduated from a Faculty of Biology at a teachers' college. Between 1969 and 1973 she lived in Paris on a scholarship, studying at Le Petit Conservatoire de la Chanson.
Music
Jarocka participated in amateur singing competitions, and worked with Zespół Estradowy Marynarki Wojennej Flotylla. In 1966, at 20 years old, she debuted at Klub Rudy Kot in Gdańsk, and first participated in the Krajowy Festiwal Piosenki Polskiej in Opole. She also performed at the Sopot Festival. She recorded albums for the Philips label and performed in concerts with Michel Sardou, Enrico Macias, Charles Aznavour, and Mireille Mathieu. She sang outside Poland, in such countries as Germany, Bulgaria, Switzerland, Italy, Portugal, Luxembourg, Australia and France, and for Polish communities in the US and Canada. She worked with Polanie, Czerwone Gitary, Budka Suflera, and Exodus.)
Film and television
Jarocka acted with Andrzej Kopiczyński in the film adaptation of Motylem jestem, czyli romans 40-latka (I am a butterfly, or a 40-year-old's romance), scripted and directed by Jerzy Gruza and Krzysztof Teodor Toeplitz. In the film Jarocka sang her own songs, including "Motylem jestem" ("I am a butterfly") and "Po prostu człowiek" ("Simply a human").Her performances and programs were recorded for Telewizja Polska stations in Gdańsk, Łódź, Poznań, Wrocław, Katowice, and Warsaw, including Irena Jarocka zaprasza (Irena Jarocka Invites You), Irena Jarocka i jej goście (Irena Jarocka and Guests), Spotkanie z gwiazdą (A Meeting with a Star), Mężczyzna na niepogodę (Man for Bad Weather), Największe przeboje Ireny Jarockiej (Biggest Hits of Irena Jarocka), Zwariowany dzień (A Crazy Day), and Bo wszystko jest piosenką francuską (Because Everything is a French Song). She also took part in Muzyka łączy pokolenia (Music Connects Generations) on TVP3.In 2006, in the US, she took part in the Amerykańskie Rozmowy w toku (American Conversations) with Ewa Drzyzga. The show dealt with famous Poles trying to make a living abroad.
About
From 1990 she lived in the United States with her second husband Michał Sobolewski [1], whom she married in 1989 while being in relationship from 1976 for 35 years till her last day. Her daughter with Sobolewski, Monika Sobolewska was born in Poland in 1982 and graduated from Texas Tech University in art-communication design. Jarocka was performing continuously in the States and European countries. Her first marriage, to Marian Zacharewicz, was dissolved. She maintained continuous ties with her public in Poland while living periodically in Warsaw during her frequent concert tours there. In 2007, she published an autobiographical novel, Motylem jestem, czyli piosenka o mnie samej. She died, aged 65, in Warsaw, from brain cancer.
Awards
1968: First place – Telewizyjna Giełda Piosenki with song "Gondolierzy znad Wisły" (Gondoliers from Vistula)
1971: Silver Gronostaj Award – Festival in Rennes, for music interpretation
1973: Silver Ring award – FPŻ in Kołobrzeg, with song "Ballada o żołnierzu, któremu udało się powrócić" (Ballad of a soldier, who manager to return)
1974: Audience Award – International Song Festival in Sopot
1975: Silver Nail of 1974 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
1975: Second place – Coupe d’Europe Musicale in Villach, Austria
1976: Silver Nail of 1975 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
1976: Special mention – Festival in Tokyo, Japan, for song "Odpływają kawiarenki" (Cafes are floating away)
1977: Silver Nail of 1976 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
1978: Special mention – Festival in Palma de Mallorca, for song "Wymyśliłam cię" (I made you up)
1978: Second place – Festival in Drezno, Germany, for song "Mój słodki Charlie" (My sweet Charlie)
1978: Special mention – Festival in Limassol, Cyprus
1979: Silver Nail of 1978 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
Discography
Albums
1974 – W cieniu dobrego drzewa, re-edition 2001
1976 – Gondolierzy znad Wisły, re-edition 2001
1977 – Wigilijne życzenie, re-edition 2001
1977 – Koncert
1978 – Być narzeczoną twą, re-edition 2001
1981 – Irena Jarocka
1987 – Irena Jarocka II
1992 – My French favorites
2001 – Mój wielki sen
2004 – Kolędy bez granic
2008 – Małe rzeczy
2010 – Ponieważ znów są Święta
2012 – Piosenki francuskie
Singles
1969 – Il faut y croire/Tu me reviendras
1970 – Tant que la barque va/Et ce sera moi
1974 – Śpiewam pod gołym niebem/Wymyśliłam Cię/Nie wrócą te lata/W cieniu dobrego drzewa
1975 – Junge Liebe/Warum weint der Wind
1975 – Kocha się raz/Zawsze pójdę z tobą
1976 – Sag ihm, das ich ihn liebe/Auf dem Bahnsteig Nr 8
1976 – Odpływają kawiarenki/Przeczucie
1976 – Sto lat czekam na twój list/By coś zostało z tych dni
1977 – Morgenrot/Unser Zelt aus Stroh
1978 – Garść piasku/Chyba się warto o mnie bić
1978 – Niech tańczą nasze serca/Mój słodki Charlie
1978 – Nie wiadomo, który dzień/Wszystko dam
1978 – Być narzeczoną twą/Przeoczone, zawinione
1978 – Nadzieja/Był ktoś
1979 – Piosenka spod welonu/Mon Harley Davidson/Plaisir d'amour/Aranjuez mon amour
1980 – To za mało/Nie odchodź jeszcze
1981 – Tańczy niedziela/Gimmie some lovin
1981 – Mam temat na życie/Bliski sercu dzień
2001 – Magia księżyca/Dance remix Motylem jestem, Kawiarenki, Nie wrócą te lata
2002 – Na krakowską nutę – duo with Wawele group
2008 – Małe rzeczy
2009 – No to co
2010 – Break Free – duo with Michael Bolton
2010 – Ponieważ znów są Święta
Compilation albums
1995 – Wielkie przeboje
1995 – Kolekcja vol.1
1995 – Kolekcja vol.2
1998 – Odpływają kawiarenki – Złota kolekcja
2002 – Złote przeboje – Platynowa kolekcja
2003 – Motylem jestem
2006 – Moje złote przeboje – Platynowa kolekcja
2006 – Piosenki o miłości – Platynowa kolekcja
2010 – Największe przeboje część 1
2010 – Największe przeboje część 2
2011 – 40 piosenek Ireny Jarockiej
References
Sources
Wolański, Ryszard (1995); Leksykon Polskiej Muzyki Rozrywkowej, pp. 78–79, Agencja Wydawnicza MOREX; ISBN 83-86848-05-7
External links
Irena Jarocka at IMDb
Irena Jarocka profile Filmpolski.pl; accessed 2 October 2014 (in Polish)
Irena Jarocka entry, Katalog Polskich Płyt Gramofonowych; accessed 2 October 2014 (in Polish)
Official website; accessed 2 October 2014 (in Polish)
|
country of citizenship
|
{
"answer_start": [
129
],
"text": [
"Poland"
]
}
|
Irena Wanda Jarocka (18 August 1946 – 21 January 2012), was a Polish singer.
Career
Education
Jarocka was born in Srebrna Góra, Poland. She graduated from the V Liceum Ogólnokształcące im. Stefana Żeromskiego, and the faculty of music studies at Średnia Szkoła Muzyczna in Gdańsk, studying under professor Halina Mickiewiczówna. She later graduated from a Faculty of Biology at a teachers' college. Between 1969 and 1973 she lived in Paris on a scholarship, studying at Le Petit Conservatoire de la Chanson.
Music
Jarocka participated in amateur singing competitions, and worked with Zespół Estradowy Marynarki Wojennej Flotylla. In 1966, at 20 years old, she debuted at Klub Rudy Kot in Gdańsk, and first participated in the Krajowy Festiwal Piosenki Polskiej in Opole. She also performed at the Sopot Festival. She recorded albums for the Philips label and performed in concerts with Michel Sardou, Enrico Macias, Charles Aznavour, and Mireille Mathieu. She sang outside Poland, in such countries as Germany, Bulgaria, Switzerland, Italy, Portugal, Luxembourg, Australia and France, and for Polish communities in the US and Canada. She worked with Polanie, Czerwone Gitary, Budka Suflera, and Exodus.)
Film and television
Jarocka acted with Andrzej Kopiczyński in the film adaptation of Motylem jestem, czyli romans 40-latka (I am a butterfly, or a 40-year-old's romance), scripted and directed by Jerzy Gruza and Krzysztof Teodor Toeplitz. In the film Jarocka sang her own songs, including "Motylem jestem" ("I am a butterfly") and "Po prostu człowiek" ("Simply a human").Her performances and programs were recorded for Telewizja Polska stations in Gdańsk, Łódź, Poznań, Wrocław, Katowice, and Warsaw, including Irena Jarocka zaprasza (Irena Jarocka Invites You), Irena Jarocka i jej goście (Irena Jarocka and Guests), Spotkanie z gwiazdą (A Meeting with a Star), Mężczyzna na niepogodę (Man for Bad Weather), Największe przeboje Ireny Jarockiej (Biggest Hits of Irena Jarocka), Zwariowany dzień (A Crazy Day), and Bo wszystko jest piosenką francuską (Because Everything is a French Song). She also took part in Muzyka łączy pokolenia (Music Connects Generations) on TVP3.In 2006, in the US, she took part in the Amerykańskie Rozmowy w toku (American Conversations) with Ewa Drzyzga. The show dealt with famous Poles trying to make a living abroad.
About
From 1990 she lived in the United States with her second husband Michał Sobolewski [1], whom she married in 1989 while being in relationship from 1976 for 35 years till her last day. Her daughter with Sobolewski, Monika Sobolewska was born in Poland in 1982 and graduated from Texas Tech University in art-communication design. Jarocka was performing continuously in the States and European countries. Her first marriage, to Marian Zacharewicz, was dissolved. She maintained continuous ties with her public in Poland while living periodically in Warsaw during her frequent concert tours there. In 2007, she published an autobiographical novel, Motylem jestem, czyli piosenka o mnie samej. She died, aged 65, in Warsaw, from brain cancer.
Awards
1968: First place – Telewizyjna Giełda Piosenki with song "Gondolierzy znad Wisły" (Gondoliers from Vistula)
1971: Silver Gronostaj Award – Festival in Rennes, for music interpretation
1973: Silver Ring award – FPŻ in Kołobrzeg, with song "Ballada o żołnierzu, któremu udało się powrócić" (Ballad of a soldier, who manager to return)
1974: Audience Award – International Song Festival in Sopot
1975: Silver Nail of 1974 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
1975: Second place – Coupe d’Europe Musicale in Villach, Austria
1976: Silver Nail of 1975 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
1976: Special mention – Festival in Tokyo, Japan, for song "Odpływają kawiarenki" (Cafes are floating away)
1977: Silver Nail of 1976 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
1978: Special mention – Festival in Palma de Mallorca, for song "Wymyśliłam cię" (I made you up)
1978: Second place – Festival in Drezno, Germany, for song "Mój słodki Charlie" (My sweet Charlie)
1978: Special mention – Festival in Limassol, Cyprus
1979: Silver Nail of 1978 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
Discography
Albums
1974 – W cieniu dobrego drzewa, re-edition 2001
1976 – Gondolierzy znad Wisły, re-edition 2001
1977 – Wigilijne życzenie, re-edition 2001
1977 – Koncert
1978 – Być narzeczoną twą, re-edition 2001
1981 – Irena Jarocka
1987 – Irena Jarocka II
1992 – My French favorites
2001 – Mój wielki sen
2004 – Kolędy bez granic
2008 – Małe rzeczy
2010 – Ponieważ znów są Święta
2012 – Piosenki francuskie
Singles
1969 – Il faut y croire/Tu me reviendras
1970 – Tant que la barque va/Et ce sera moi
1974 – Śpiewam pod gołym niebem/Wymyśliłam Cię/Nie wrócą te lata/W cieniu dobrego drzewa
1975 – Junge Liebe/Warum weint der Wind
1975 – Kocha się raz/Zawsze pójdę z tobą
1976 – Sag ihm, das ich ihn liebe/Auf dem Bahnsteig Nr 8
1976 – Odpływają kawiarenki/Przeczucie
1976 – Sto lat czekam na twój list/By coś zostało z tych dni
1977 – Morgenrot/Unser Zelt aus Stroh
1978 – Garść piasku/Chyba się warto o mnie bić
1978 – Niech tańczą nasze serca/Mój słodki Charlie
1978 – Nie wiadomo, który dzień/Wszystko dam
1978 – Być narzeczoną twą/Przeoczone, zawinione
1978 – Nadzieja/Był ktoś
1979 – Piosenka spod welonu/Mon Harley Davidson/Plaisir d'amour/Aranjuez mon amour
1980 – To za mało/Nie odchodź jeszcze
1981 – Tańczy niedziela/Gimmie some lovin
1981 – Mam temat na życie/Bliski sercu dzień
2001 – Magia księżyca/Dance remix Motylem jestem, Kawiarenki, Nie wrócą te lata
2002 – Na krakowską nutę – duo with Wawele group
2008 – Małe rzeczy
2009 – No to co
2010 – Break Free – duo with Michael Bolton
2010 – Ponieważ znów są Święta
Compilation albums
1995 – Wielkie przeboje
1995 – Kolekcja vol.1
1995 – Kolekcja vol.2
1998 – Odpływają kawiarenki – Złota kolekcja
2002 – Złote przeboje – Platynowa kolekcja
2003 – Motylem jestem
2006 – Moje złote przeboje – Platynowa kolekcja
2006 – Piosenki o miłości – Platynowa kolekcja
2010 – Największe przeboje część 1
2010 – Największe przeboje część 2
2011 – 40 piosenek Ireny Jarockiej
References
Sources
Wolański, Ryszard (1995); Leksykon Polskiej Muzyki Rozrywkowej, pp. 78–79, Agencja Wydawnicza MOREX; ISBN 83-86848-05-7
External links
Irena Jarocka at IMDb
Irena Jarocka profile Filmpolski.pl; accessed 2 October 2014 (in Polish)
Irena Jarocka entry, Katalog Polskich Płyt Gramofonowych; accessed 2 October 2014 (in Polish)
Official website; accessed 2 October 2014 (in Polish)
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
1570
],
"text": [
"human"
]
}
|
Irena Wanda Jarocka (18 August 1946 – 21 January 2012), was a Polish singer.
Career
Education
Jarocka was born in Srebrna Góra, Poland. She graduated from the V Liceum Ogólnokształcące im. Stefana Żeromskiego, and the faculty of music studies at Średnia Szkoła Muzyczna in Gdańsk, studying under professor Halina Mickiewiczówna. She later graduated from a Faculty of Biology at a teachers' college. Between 1969 and 1973 she lived in Paris on a scholarship, studying at Le Petit Conservatoire de la Chanson.
Music
Jarocka participated in amateur singing competitions, and worked with Zespół Estradowy Marynarki Wojennej Flotylla. In 1966, at 20 years old, she debuted at Klub Rudy Kot in Gdańsk, and first participated in the Krajowy Festiwal Piosenki Polskiej in Opole. She also performed at the Sopot Festival. She recorded albums for the Philips label and performed in concerts with Michel Sardou, Enrico Macias, Charles Aznavour, and Mireille Mathieu. She sang outside Poland, in such countries as Germany, Bulgaria, Switzerland, Italy, Portugal, Luxembourg, Australia and France, and for Polish communities in the US and Canada. She worked with Polanie, Czerwone Gitary, Budka Suflera, and Exodus.)
Film and television
Jarocka acted with Andrzej Kopiczyński in the film adaptation of Motylem jestem, czyli romans 40-latka (I am a butterfly, or a 40-year-old's romance), scripted and directed by Jerzy Gruza and Krzysztof Teodor Toeplitz. In the film Jarocka sang her own songs, including "Motylem jestem" ("I am a butterfly") and "Po prostu człowiek" ("Simply a human").Her performances and programs were recorded for Telewizja Polska stations in Gdańsk, Łódź, Poznań, Wrocław, Katowice, and Warsaw, including Irena Jarocka zaprasza (Irena Jarocka Invites You), Irena Jarocka i jej goście (Irena Jarocka and Guests), Spotkanie z gwiazdą (A Meeting with a Star), Mężczyzna na niepogodę (Man for Bad Weather), Największe przeboje Ireny Jarockiej (Biggest Hits of Irena Jarocka), Zwariowany dzień (A Crazy Day), and Bo wszystko jest piosenką francuską (Because Everything is a French Song). She also took part in Muzyka łączy pokolenia (Music Connects Generations) on TVP3.In 2006, in the US, she took part in the Amerykańskie Rozmowy w toku (American Conversations) with Ewa Drzyzga. The show dealt with famous Poles trying to make a living abroad.
About
From 1990 she lived in the United States with her second husband Michał Sobolewski [1], whom she married in 1989 while being in relationship from 1976 for 35 years till her last day. Her daughter with Sobolewski, Monika Sobolewska was born in Poland in 1982 and graduated from Texas Tech University in art-communication design. Jarocka was performing continuously in the States and European countries. Her first marriage, to Marian Zacharewicz, was dissolved. She maintained continuous ties with her public in Poland while living periodically in Warsaw during her frequent concert tours there. In 2007, she published an autobiographical novel, Motylem jestem, czyli piosenka o mnie samej. She died, aged 65, in Warsaw, from brain cancer.
Awards
1968: First place – Telewizyjna Giełda Piosenki with song "Gondolierzy znad Wisły" (Gondoliers from Vistula)
1971: Silver Gronostaj Award – Festival in Rennes, for music interpretation
1973: Silver Ring award – FPŻ in Kołobrzeg, with song "Ballada o żołnierzu, któremu udało się powrócić" (Ballad of a soldier, who manager to return)
1974: Audience Award – International Song Festival in Sopot
1975: Silver Nail of 1974 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
1975: Second place – Coupe d’Europe Musicale in Villach, Austria
1976: Silver Nail of 1975 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
1976: Special mention – Festival in Tokyo, Japan, for song "Odpływają kawiarenki" (Cafes are floating away)
1977: Silver Nail of 1976 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
1978: Special mention – Festival in Palma de Mallorca, for song "Wymyśliłam cię" (I made you up)
1978: Second place – Festival in Drezno, Germany, for song "Mój słodki Charlie" (My sweet Charlie)
1978: Special mention – Festival in Limassol, Cyprus
1979: Silver Nail of 1978 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
Discography
Albums
1974 – W cieniu dobrego drzewa, re-edition 2001
1976 – Gondolierzy znad Wisły, re-edition 2001
1977 – Wigilijne życzenie, re-edition 2001
1977 – Koncert
1978 – Być narzeczoną twą, re-edition 2001
1981 – Irena Jarocka
1987 – Irena Jarocka II
1992 – My French favorites
2001 – Mój wielki sen
2004 – Kolędy bez granic
2008 – Małe rzeczy
2010 – Ponieważ znów są Święta
2012 – Piosenki francuskie
Singles
1969 – Il faut y croire/Tu me reviendras
1970 – Tant que la barque va/Et ce sera moi
1974 – Śpiewam pod gołym niebem/Wymyśliłam Cię/Nie wrócą te lata/W cieniu dobrego drzewa
1975 – Junge Liebe/Warum weint der Wind
1975 – Kocha się raz/Zawsze pójdę z tobą
1976 – Sag ihm, das ich ihn liebe/Auf dem Bahnsteig Nr 8
1976 – Odpływają kawiarenki/Przeczucie
1976 – Sto lat czekam na twój list/By coś zostało z tych dni
1977 – Morgenrot/Unser Zelt aus Stroh
1978 – Garść piasku/Chyba się warto o mnie bić
1978 – Niech tańczą nasze serca/Mój słodki Charlie
1978 – Nie wiadomo, który dzień/Wszystko dam
1978 – Być narzeczoną twą/Przeoczone, zawinione
1978 – Nadzieja/Był ktoś
1979 – Piosenka spod welonu/Mon Harley Davidson/Plaisir d'amour/Aranjuez mon amour
1980 – To za mało/Nie odchodź jeszcze
1981 – Tańczy niedziela/Gimmie some lovin
1981 – Mam temat na życie/Bliski sercu dzień
2001 – Magia księżyca/Dance remix Motylem jestem, Kawiarenki, Nie wrócą te lata
2002 – Na krakowską nutę – duo with Wawele group
2008 – Małe rzeczy
2009 – No to co
2010 – Break Free – duo with Michael Bolton
2010 – Ponieważ znów są Święta
Compilation albums
1995 – Wielkie przeboje
1995 – Kolekcja vol.1
1995 – Kolekcja vol.2
1998 – Odpływają kawiarenki – Złota kolekcja
2002 – Złote przeboje – Platynowa kolekcja
2003 – Motylem jestem
2006 – Moje złote przeboje – Platynowa kolekcja
2006 – Piosenki o miłości – Platynowa kolekcja
2010 – Największe przeboje część 1
2010 – Największe przeboje część 2
2011 – 40 piosenek Ireny Jarockiej
References
Sources
Wolański, Ryszard (1995); Leksykon Polskiej Muzyki Rozrywkowej, pp. 78–79, Agencja Wydawnicza MOREX; ISBN 83-86848-05-7
External links
Irena Jarocka at IMDb
Irena Jarocka profile Filmpolski.pl; accessed 2 October 2014 (in Polish)
Irena Jarocka entry, Katalog Polskich Płyt Gramofonowych; accessed 2 October 2014 (in Polish)
Official website; accessed 2 October 2014 (in Polish)
|
occupation
|
{
"answer_start": [
69
],
"text": [
"singer"
]
}
|
Irena Wanda Jarocka (18 August 1946 – 21 January 2012), was a Polish singer.
Career
Education
Jarocka was born in Srebrna Góra, Poland. She graduated from the V Liceum Ogólnokształcące im. Stefana Żeromskiego, and the faculty of music studies at Średnia Szkoła Muzyczna in Gdańsk, studying under professor Halina Mickiewiczówna. She later graduated from a Faculty of Biology at a teachers' college. Between 1969 and 1973 she lived in Paris on a scholarship, studying at Le Petit Conservatoire de la Chanson.
Music
Jarocka participated in amateur singing competitions, and worked with Zespół Estradowy Marynarki Wojennej Flotylla. In 1966, at 20 years old, she debuted at Klub Rudy Kot in Gdańsk, and first participated in the Krajowy Festiwal Piosenki Polskiej in Opole. She also performed at the Sopot Festival. She recorded albums for the Philips label and performed in concerts with Michel Sardou, Enrico Macias, Charles Aznavour, and Mireille Mathieu. She sang outside Poland, in such countries as Germany, Bulgaria, Switzerland, Italy, Portugal, Luxembourg, Australia and France, and for Polish communities in the US and Canada. She worked with Polanie, Czerwone Gitary, Budka Suflera, and Exodus.)
Film and television
Jarocka acted with Andrzej Kopiczyński in the film adaptation of Motylem jestem, czyli romans 40-latka (I am a butterfly, or a 40-year-old's romance), scripted and directed by Jerzy Gruza and Krzysztof Teodor Toeplitz. In the film Jarocka sang her own songs, including "Motylem jestem" ("I am a butterfly") and "Po prostu człowiek" ("Simply a human").Her performances and programs were recorded for Telewizja Polska stations in Gdańsk, Łódź, Poznań, Wrocław, Katowice, and Warsaw, including Irena Jarocka zaprasza (Irena Jarocka Invites You), Irena Jarocka i jej goście (Irena Jarocka and Guests), Spotkanie z gwiazdą (A Meeting with a Star), Mężczyzna na niepogodę (Man for Bad Weather), Największe przeboje Ireny Jarockiej (Biggest Hits of Irena Jarocka), Zwariowany dzień (A Crazy Day), and Bo wszystko jest piosenką francuską (Because Everything is a French Song). She also took part in Muzyka łączy pokolenia (Music Connects Generations) on TVP3.In 2006, in the US, she took part in the Amerykańskie Rozmowy w toku (American Conversations) with Ewa Drzyzga. The show dealt with famous Poles trying to make a living abroad.
About
From 1990 she lived in the United States with her second husband Michał Sobolewski [1], whom she married in 1989 while being in relationship from 1976 for 35 years till her last day. Her daughter with Sobolewski, Monika Sobolewska was born in Poland in 1982 and graduated from Texas Tech University in art-communication design. Jarocka was performing continuously in the States and European countries. Her first marriage, to Marian Zacharewicz, was dissolved. She maintained continuous ties with her public in Poland while living periodically in Warsaw during her frequent concert tours there. In 2007, she published an autobiographical novel, Motylem jestem, czyli piosenka o mnie samej. She died, aged 65, in Warsaw, from brain cancer.
Awards
1968: First place – Telewizyjna Giełda Piosenki with song "Gondolierzy znad Wisły" (Gondoliers from Vistula)
1971: Silver Gronostaj Award – Festival in Rennes, for music interpretation
1973: Silver Ring award – FPŻ in Kołobrzeg, with song "Ballada o żołnierzu, któremu udało się powrócić" (Ballad of a soldier, who manager to return)
1974: Audience Award – International Song Festival in Sopot
1975: Silver Nail of 1974 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
1975: Second place – Coupe d’Europe Musicale in Villach, Austria
1976: Silver Nail of 1975 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
1976: Special mention – Festival in Tokyo, Japan, for song "Odpływają kawiarenki" (Cafes are floating away)
1977: Silver Nail of 1976 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
1978: Special mention – Festival in Palma de Mallorca, for song "Wymyśliłam cię" (I made you up)
1978: Second place – Festival in Drezno, Germany, for song "Mój słodki Charlie" (My sweet Charlie)
1978: Special mention – Festival in Limassol, Cyprus
1979: Silver Nail of 1978 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
Discography
Albums
1974 – W cieniu dobrego drzewa, re-edition 2001
1976 – Gondolierzy znad Wisły, re-edition 2001
1977 – Wigilijne życzenie, re-edition 2001
1977 – Koncert
1978 – Być narzeczoną twą, re-edition 2001
1981 – Irena Jarocka
1987 – Irena Jarocka II
1992 – My French favorites
2001 – Mój wielki sen
2004 – Kolędy bez granic
2008 – Małe rzeczy
2010 – Ponieważ znów są Święta
2012 – Piosenki francuskie
Singles
1969 – Il faut y croire/Tu me reviendras
1970 – Tant que la barque va/Et ce sera moi
1974 – Śpiewam pod gołym niebem/Wymyśliłam Cię/Nie wrócą te lata/W cieniu dobrego drzewa
1975 – Junge Liebe/Warum weint der Wind
1975 – Kocha się raz/Zawsze pójdę z tobą
1976 – Sag ihm, das ich ihn liebe/Auf dem Bahnsteig Nr 8
1976 – Odpływają kawiarenki/Przeczucie
1976 – Sto lat czekam na twój list/By coś zostało z tych dni
1977 – Morgenrot/Unser Zelt aus Stroh
1978 – Garść piasku/Chyba się warto o mnie bić
1978 – Niech tańczą nasze serca/Mój słodki Charlie
1978 – Nie wiadomo, który dzień/Wszystko dam
1978 – Być narzeczoną twą/Przeoczone, zawinione
1978 – Nadzieja/Był ktoś
1979 – Piosenka spod welonu/Mon Harley Davidson/Plaisir d'amour/Aranjuez mon amour
1980 – To za mało/Nie odchodź jeszcze
1981 – Tańczy niedziela/Gimmie some lovin
1981 – Mam temat na życie/Bliski sercu dzień
2001 – Magia księżyca/Dance remix Motylem jestem, Kawiarenki, Nie wrócą te lata
2002 – Na krakowską nutę – duo with Wawele group
2008 – Małe rzeczy
2009 – No to co
2010 – Break Free – duo with Michael Bolton
2010 – Ponieważ znów są Święta
Compilation albums
1995 – Wielkie przeboje
1995 – Kolekcja vol.1
1995 – Kolekcja vol.2
1998 – Odpływają kawiarenki – Złota kolekcja
2002 – Złote przeboje – Platynowa kolekcja
2003 – Motylem jestem
2006 – Moje złote przeboje – Platynowa kolekcja
2006 – Piosenki o miłości – Platynowa kolekcja
2010 – Największe przeboje część 1
2010 – Największe przeboje część 2
2011 – 40 piosenek Ireny Jarockiej
References
Sources
Wolański, Ryszard (1995); Leksykon Polskiej Muzyki Rozrywkowej, pp. 78–79, Agencja Wydawnicza MOREX; ISBN 83-86848-05-7
External links
Irena Jarocka at IMDb
Irena Jarocka profile Filmpolski.pl; accessed 2 October 2014 (in Polish)
Irena Jarocka entry, Katalog Polskich Płyt Gramofonowych; accessed 2 October 2014 (in Polish)
Official website; accessed 2 October 2014 (in Polish)
|
Commons category
|
{
"answer_start": [
1718
],
"text": [
"Irena Jarocka"
]
}
|
Irena Wanda Jarocka (18 August 1946 – 21 January 2012), was a Polish singer.
Career
Education
Jarocka was born in Srebrna Góra, Poland. She graduated from the V Liceum Ogólnokształcące im. Stefana Żeromskiego, and the faculty of music studies at Średnia Szkoła Muzyczna in Gdańsk, studying under professor Halina Mickiewiczówna. She later graduated from a Faculty of Biology at a teachers' college. Between 1969 and 1973 she lived in Paris on a scholarship, studying at Le Petit Conservatoire de la Chanson.
Music
Jarocka participated in amateur singing competitions, and worked with Zespół Estradowy Marynarki Wojennej Flotylla. In 1966, at 20 years old, she debuted at Klub Rudy Kot in Gdańsk, and first participated in the Krajowy Festiwal Piosenki Polskiej in Opole. She also performed at the Sopot Festival. She recorded albums for the Philips label and performed in concerts with Michel Sardou, Enrico Macias, Charles Aznavour, and Mireille Mathieu. She sang outside Poland, in such countries as Germany, Bulgaria, Switzerland, Italy, Portugal, Luxembourg, Australia and France, and for Polish communities in the US and Canada. She worked with Polanie, Czerwone Gitary, Budka Suflera, and Exodus.)
Film and television
Jarocka acted with Andrzej Kopiczyński in the film adaptation of Motylem jestem, czyli romans 40-latka (I am a butterfly, or a 40-year-old's romance), scripted and directed by Jerzy Gruza and Krzysztof Teodor Toeplitz. In the film Jarocka sang her own songs, including "Motylem jestem" ("I am a butterfly") and "Po prostu człowiek" ("Simply a human").Her performances and programs were recorded for Telewizja Polska stations in Gdańsk, Łódź, Poznań, Wrocław, Katowice, and Warsaw, including Irena Jarocka zaprasza (Irena Jarocka Invites You), Irena Jarocka i jej goście (Irena Jarocka and Guests), Spotkanie z gwiazdą (A Meeting with a Star), Mężczyzna na niepogodę (Man for Bad Weather), Największe przeboje Ireny Jarockiej (Biggest Hits of Irena Jarocka), Zwariowany dzień (A Crazy Day), and Bo wszystko jest piosenką francuską (Because Everything is a French Song). She also took part in Muzyka łączy pokolenia (Music Connects Generations) on TVP3.In 2006, in the US, she took part in the Amerykańskie Rozmowy w toku (American Conversations) with Ewa Drzyzga. The show dealt with famous Poles trying to make a living abroad.
About
From 1990 she lived in the United States with her second husband Michał Sobolewski [1], whom she married in 1989 while being in relationship from 1976 for 35 years till her last day. Her daughter with Sobolewski, Monika Sobolewska was born in Poland in 1982 and graduated from Texas Tech University in art-communication design. Jarocka was performing continuously in the States and European countries. Her first marriage, to Marian Zacharewicz, was dissolved. She maintained continuous ties with her public in Poland while living periodically in Warsaw during her frequent concert tours there. In 2007, she published an autobiographical novel, Motylem jestem, czyli piosenka o mnie samej. She died, aged 65, in Warsaw, from brain cancer.
Awards
1968: First place – Telewizyjna Giełda Piosenki with song "Gondolierzy znad Wisły" (Gondoliers from Vistula)
1971: Silver Gronostaj Award – Festival in Rennes, for music interpretation
1973: Silver Ring award – FPŻ in Kołobrzeg, with song "Ballada o żołnierzu, któremu udało się powrócić" (Ballad of a soldier, who manager to return)
1974: Audience Award – International Song Festival in Sopot
1975: Silver Nail of 1974 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
1975: Second place – Coupe d’Europe Musicale in Villach, Austria
1976: Silver Nail of 1975 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
1976: Special mention – Festival in Tokyo, Japan, for song "Odpływają kawiarenki" (Cafes are floating away)
1977: Silver Nail of 1976 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
1978: Special mention – Festival in Palma de Mallorca, for song "Wymyśliłam cię" (I made you up)
1978: Second place – Festival in Drezno, Germany, for song "Mój słodki Charlie" (My sweet Charlie)
1978: Special mention – Festival in Limassol, Cyprus
1979: Silver Nail of 1978 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
Discography
Albums
1974 – W cieniu dobrego drzewa, re-edition 2001
1976 – Gondolierzy znad Wisły, re-edition 2001
1977 – Wigilijne życzenie, re-edition 2001
1977 – Koncert
1978 – Być narzeczoną twą, re-edition 2001
1981 – Irena Jarocka
1987 – Irena Jarocka II
1992 – My French favorites
2001 – Mój wielki sen
2004 – Kolędy bez granic
2008 – Małe rzeczy
2010 – Ponieważ znów są Święta
2012 – Piosenki francuskie
Singles
1969 – Il faut y croire/Tu me reviendras
1970 – Tant que la barque va/Et ce sera moi
1974 – Śpiewam pod gołym niebem/Wymyśliłam Cię/Nie wrócą te lata/W cieniu dobrego drzewa
1975 – Junge Liebe/Warum weint der Wind
1975 – Kocha się raz/Zawsze pójdę z tobą
1976 – Sag ihm, das ich ihn liebe/Auf dem Bahnsteig Nr 8
1976 – Odpływają kawiarenki/Przeczucie
1976 – Sto lat czekam na twój list/By coś zostało z tych dni
1977 – Morgenrot/Unser Zelt aus Stroh
1978 – Garść piasku/Chyba się warto o mnie bić
1978 – Niech tańczą nasze serca/Mój słodki Charlie
1978 – Nie wiadomo, który dzień/Wszystko dam
1978 – Być narzeczoną twą/Przeoczone, zawinione
1978 – Nadzieja/Był ktoś
1979 – Piosenka spod welonu/Mon Harley Davidson/Plaisir d'amour/Aranjuez mon amour
1980 – To za mało/Nie odchodź jeszcze
1981 – Tańczy niedziela/Gimmie some lovin
1981 – Mam temat na życie/Bliski sercu dzień
2001 – Magia księżyca/Dance remix Motylem jestem, Kawiarenki, Nie wrócą te lata
2002 – Na krakowską nutę – duo with Wawele group
2008 – Małe rzeczy
2009 – No to co
2010 – Break Free – duo with Michael Bolton
2010 – Ponieważ znów są Święta
Compilation albums
1995 – Wielkie przeboje
1995 – Kolekcja vol.1
1995 – Kolekcja vol.2
1998 – Odpływają kawiarenki – Złota kolekcja
2002 – Złote przeboje – Platynowa kolekcja
2003 – Motylem jestem
2006 – Moje złote przeboje – Platynowa kolekcja
2006 – Piosenki o miłości – Platynowa kolekcja
2010 – Największe przeboje część 1
2010 – Największe przeboje część 2
2011 – 40 piosenek Ireny Jarockiej
References
Sources
Wolański, Ryszard (1995); Leksykon Polskiej Muzyki Rozrywkowej, pp. 78–79, Agencja Wydawnicza MOREX; ISBN 83-86848-05-7
External links
Irena Jarocka at IMDb
Irena Jarocka profile Filmpolski.pl; accessed 2 October 2014 (in Polish)
Irena Jarocka entry, Katalog Polskich Płyt Gramofonowych; accessed 2 October 2014 (in Polish)
Official website; accessed 2 October 2014 (in Polish)
|
cause of death
|
{
"answer_start": [
3086
],
"text": [
"brain cancer"
]
}
|
Irena Wanda Jarocka (18 August 1946 – 21 January 2012), was a Polish singer.
Career
Education
Jarocka was born in Srebrna Góra, Poland. She graduated from the V Liceum Ogólnokształcące im. Stefana Żeromskiego, and the faculty of music studies at Średnia Szkoła Muzyczna in Gdańsk, studying under professor Halina Mickiewiczówna. She later graduated from a Faculty of Biology at a teachers' college. Between 1969 and 1973 she lived in Paris on a scholarship, studying at Le Petit Conservatoire de la Chanson.
Music
Jarocka participated in amateur singing competitions, and worked with Zespół Estradowy Marynarki Wojennej Flotylla. In 1966, at 20 years old, she debuted at Klub Rudy Kot in Gdańsk, and first participated in the Krajowy Festiwal Piosenki Polskiej in Opole. She also performed at the Sopot Festival. She recorded albums for the Philips label and performed in concerts with Michel Sardou, Enrico Macias, Charles Aznavour, and Mireille Mathieu. She sang outside Poland, in such countries as Germany, Bulgaria, Switzerland, Italy, Portugal, Luxembourg, Australia and France, and for Polish communities in the US and Canada. She worked with Polanie, Czerwone Gitary, Budka Suflera, and Exodus.)
Film and television
Jarocka acted with Andrzej Kopiczyński in the film adaptation of Motylem jestem, czyli romans 40-latka (I am a butterfly, or a 40-year-old's romance), scripted and directed by Jerzy Gruza and Krzysztof Teodor Toeplitz. In the film Jarocka sang her own songs, including "Motylem jestem" ("I am a butterfly") and "Po prostu człowiek" ("Simply a human").Her performances and programs were recorded for Telewizja Polska stations in Gdańsk, Łódź, Poznań, Wrocław, Katowice, and Warsaw, including Irena Jarocka zaprasza (Irena Jarocka Invites You), Irena Jarocka i jej goście (Irena Jarocka and Guests), Spotkanie z gwiazdą (A Meeting with a Star), Mężczyzna na niepogodę (Man for Bad Weather), Największe przeboje Ireny Jarockiej (Biggest Hits of Irena Jarocka), Zwariowany dzień (A Crazy Day), and Bo wszystko jest piosenką francuską (Because Everything is a French Song). She also took part in Muzyka łączy pokolenia (Music Connects Generations) on TVP3.In 2006, in the US, she took part in the Amerykańskie Rozmowy w toku (American Conversations) with Ewa Drzyzga. The show dealt with famous Poles trying to make a living abroad.
About
From 1990 she lived in the United States with her second husband Michał Sobolewski [1], whom she married in 1989 while being in relationship from 1976 for 35 years till her last day. Her daughter with Sobolewski, Monika Sobolewska was born in Poland in 1982 and graduated from Texas Tech University in art-communication design. Jarocka was performing continuously in the States and European countries. Her first marriage, to Marian Zacharewicz, was dissolved. She maintained continuous ties with her public in Poland while living periodically in Warsaw during her frequent concert tours there. In 2007, she published an autobiographical novel, Motylem jestem, czyli piosenka o mnie samej. She died, aged 65, in Warsaw, from brain cancer.
Awards
1968: First place – Telewizyjna Giełda Piosenki with song "Gondolierzy znad Wisły" (Gondoliers from Vistula)
1971: Silver Gronostaj Award – Festival in Rennes, for music interpretation
1973: Silver Ring award – FPŻ in Kołobrzeg, with song "Ballada o żołnierzu, któremu udało się powrócić" (Ballad of a soldier, who manager to return)
1974: Audience Award – International Song Festival in Sopot
1975: Silver Nail of 1974 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
1975: Second place – Coupe d’Europe Musicale in Villach, Austria
1976: Silver Nail of 1975 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
1976: Special mention – Festival in Tokyo, Japan, for song "Odpływają kawiarenki" (Cafes are floating away)
1977: Silver Nail of 1976 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
1978: Special mention – Festival in Palma de Mallorca, for song "Wymyśliłam cię" (I made you up)
1978: Second place – Festival in Drezno, Germany, for song "Mój słodki Charlie" (My sweet Charlie)
1978: Special mention – Festival in Limassol, Cyprus
1979: Silver Nail of 1978 – Number 1 popularity award by readers of the "Kurier Polski (dziennik popołudniowy)"
Discography
Albums
1974 – W cieniu dobrego drzewa, re-edition 2001
1976 – Gondolierzy znad Wisły, re-edition 2001
1977 – Wigilijne życzenie, re-edition 2001
1977 – Koncert
1978 – Być narzeczoną twą, re-edition 2001
1981 – Irena Jarocka
1987 – Irena Jarocka II
1992 – My French favorites
2001 – Mój wielki sen
2004 – Kolędy bez granic
2008 – Małe rzeczy
2010 – Ponieważ znów są Święta
2012 – Piosenki francuskie
Singles
1969 – Il faut y croire/Tu me reviendras
1970 – Tant que la barque va/Et ce sera moi
1974 – Śpiewam pod gołym niebem/Wymyśliłam Cię/Nie wrócą te lata/W cieniu dobrego drzewa
1975 – Junge Liebe/Warum weint der Wind
1975 – Kocha się raz/Zawsze pójdę z tobą
1976 – Sag ihm, das ich ihn liebe/Auf dem Bahnsteig Nr 8
1976 – Odpływają kawiarenki/Przeczucie
1976 – Sto lat czekam na twój list/By coś zostało z tych dni
1977 – Morgenrot/Unser Zelt aus Stroh
1978 – Garść piasku/Chyba się warto o mnie bić
1978 – Niech tańczą nasze serca/Mój słodki Charlie
1978 – Nie wiadomo, który dzień/Wszystko dam
1978 – Być narzeczoną twą/Przeoczone, zawinione
1978 – Nadzieja/Był ktoś
1979 – Piosenka spod welonu/Mon Harley Davidson/Plaisir d'amour/Aranjuez mon amour
1980 – To za mało/Nie odchodź jeszcze
1981 – Tańczy niedziela/Gimmie some lovin
1981 – Mam temat na życie/Bliski sercu dzień
2001 – Magia księżyca/Dance remix Motylem jestem, Kawiarenki, Nie wrócą te lata
2002 – Na krakowską nutę – duo with Wawele group
2008 – Małe rzeczy
2009 – No to co
2010 – Break Free – duo with Michael Bolton
2010 – Ponieważ znów są Święta
Compilation albums
1995 – Wielkie przeboje
1995 – Kolekcja vol.1
1995 – Kolekcja vol.2
1998 – Odpływają kawiarenki – Złota kolekcja
2002 – Złote przeboje – Platynowa kolekcja
2003 – Motylem jestem
2006 – Moje złote przeboje – Platynowa kolekcja
2006 – Piosenki o miłości – Platynowa kolekcja
2010 – Największe przeboje część 1
2010 – Największe przeboje część 2
2011 – 40 piosenek Ireny Jarockiej
References
Sources
Wolański, Ryszard (1995); Leksykon Polskiej Muzyki Rozrywkowej, pp. 78–79, Agencja Wydawnicza MOREX; ISBN 83-86848-05-7
External links
Irena Jarocka at IMDb
Irena Jarocka profile Filmpolski.pl; accessed 2 October 2014 (in Polish)
Irena Jarocka entry, Katalog Polskich Płyt Gramofonowych; accessed 2 October 2014 (in Polish)
Official website; accessed 2 October 2014 (in Polish)
|
given name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Irena"
]
}
|
Reem Alabali-Radovan (German pronunciation: [ˈʁiːm alaˈbaːli ˈʁaːdoʋaːn]; born 1990) is a German politician who has been serving as a Member of the Bundestag for the Social Democratic Party (SPD) since 2021.
In addition to her parliamentary work, Alabali-Radovan also currently serves as Minister of State at the Chancellery and Federal Commissioner for Migration, Refugees and Integration in Chancellor Olaf Scholz's cabinet since 2021. She is the first person of Iraqi descent in the Bundestag.
Early life
Alabali-Radovan was born in Moscow in 1990. Her parents, Iraqi Assyrians who oppposed the regime of Saddam Hussein, had moved to the Soviet Union in the 1980s to study engineering. Her grandfather, Muhammad Salih Alabali, was an Iraqi resistance leader who was killed by the Ba’ath regime. In 1996, the family sought, and received asylum in Germany, settling in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. She completed her school education at the Gymnasium Fridericianum Schwerin. Alabali graduated with a bachelor's degree in political science from the Free University of Berlin and has started a master's degree program (distance learning) in Sustainable Development Cooperation at the Technical University of Kaiserslautern.
Political career
In 2020, Alabali-Radovan was appointed Commissioner for integration of the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania state government. At the 2021 German federal election she was elected in the constituency of Schwerin – Ludwigslust-Parchim I – Nordwestmecklenburg I, defeating incumbent Dietrich Monstadt of the CDU.Within her parliamentary group, Alabali-Radovan belongs to the Parliamentary Left, a left-wing movement.On 8 December 2021, the Scholz cabinet appointed Alabali-Radovan as Federal Commissioner for Migration, Refugees and Integration with the rank of a Minister of State in the Federal Chancellery. Since 23 February 2022, she has additionally served as the Federal Government Commissioner for Anti-Racism.
References
External links
Media related to Reem Alabali-Radovan at Wikimedia Commons
|
place of birth
|
{
"answer_start": [
538
],
"text": [
"Moscow"
]
}
|
Reem Alabali-Radovan (German pronunciation: [ˈʁiːm alaˈbaːli ˈʁaːdoʋaːn]; born 1990) is a German politician who has been serving as a Member of the Bundestag for the Social Democratic Party (SPD) since 2021.
In addition to her parliamentary work, Alabali-Radovan also currently serves as Minister of State at the Chancellery and Federal Commissioner for Migration, Refugees and Integration in Chancellor Olaf Scholz's cabinet since 2021. She is the first person of Iraqi descent in the Bundestag.
Early life
Alabali-Radovan was born in Moscow in 1990. Her parents, Iraqi Assyrians who oppposed the regime of Saddam Hussein, had moved to the Soviet Union in the 1980s to study engineering. Her grandfather, Muhammad Salih Alabali, was an Iraqi resistance leader who was killed by the Ba’ath regime. In 1996, the family sought, and received asylum in Germany, settling in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. She completed her school education at the Gymnasium Fridericianum Schwerin. Alabali graduated with a bachelor's degree in political science from the Free University of Berlin and has started a master's degree program (distance learning) in Sustainable Development Cooperation at the Technical University of Kaiserslautern.
Political career
In 2020, Alabali-Radovan was appointed Commissioner for integration of the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania state government. At the 2021 German federal election she was elected in the constituency of Schwerin – Ludwigslust-Parchim I – Nordwestmecklenburg I, defeating incumbent Dietrich Monstadt of the CDU.Within her parliamentary group, Alabali-Radovan belongs to the Parliamentary Left, a left-wing movement.On 8 December 2021, the Scholz cabinet appointed Alabali-Radovan as Federal Commissioner for Migration, Refugees and Integration with the rank of a Minister of State in the Federal Chancellery. Since 23 February 2022, she has additionally served as the Federal Government Commissioner for Anti-Racism.
References
External links
Media related to Reem Alabali-Radovan at Wikimedia Commons
|
country of citizenship
|
{
"answer_start": [
851
],
"text": [
"Germany"
]
}
|
Reem Alabali-Radovan (German pronunciation: [ˈʁiːm alaˈbaːli ˈʁaːdoʋaːn]; born 1990) is a German politician who has been serving as a Member of the Bundestag for the Social Democratic Party (SPD) since 2021.
In addition to her parliamentary work, Alabali-Radovan also currently serves as Minister of State at the Chancellery and Federal Commissioner for Migration, Refugees and Integration in Chancellor Olaf Scholz's cabinet since 2021. She is the first person of Iraqi descent in the Bundestag.
Early life
Alabali-Radovan was born in Moscow in 1990. Her parents, Iraqi Assyrians who oppposed the regime of Saddam Hussein, had moved to the Soviet Union in the 1980s to study engineering. Her grandfather, Muhammad Salih Alabali, was an Iraqi resistance leader who was killed by the Ba’ath regime. In 1996, the family sought, and received asylum in Germany, settling in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. She completed her school education at the Gymnasium Fridericianum Schwerin. Alabali graduated with a bachelor's degree in political science from the Free University of Berlin and has started a master's degree program (distance learning) in Sustainable Development Cooperation at the Technical University of Kaiserslautern.
Political career
In 2020, Alabali-Radovan was appointed Commissioner for integration of the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania state government. At the 2021 German federal election she was elected in the constituency of Schwerin – Ludwigslust-Parchim I – Nordwestmecklenburg I, defeating incumbent Dietrich Monstadt of the CDU.Within her parliamentary group, Alabali-Radovan belongs to the Parliamentary Left, a left-wing movement.On 8 December 2021, the Scholz cabinet appointed Alabali-Radovan as Federal Commissioner for Migration, Refugees and Integration with the rank of a Minister of State in the Federal Chancellery. Since 23 February 2022, she has additionally served as the Federal Government Commissioner for Anti-Racism.
References
External links
Media related to Reem Alabali-Radovan at Wikimedia Commons
|
educated at
|
{
"answer_start": [
1189
],
"text": [
"University of Kaiserslautern"
]
}
|
Reem Alabali-Radovan (German pronunciation: [ˈʁiːm alaˈbaːli ˈʁaːdoʋaːn]; born 1990) is a German politician who has been serving as a Member of the Bundestag for the Social Democratic Party (SPD) since 2021.
In addition to her parliamentary work, Alabali-Radovan also currently serves as Minister of State at the Chancellery and Federal Commissioner for Migration, Refugees and Integration in Chancellor Olaf Scholz's cabinet since 2021. She is the first person of Iraqi descent in the Bundestag.
Early life
Alabali-Radovan was born in Moscow in 1990. Her parents, Iraqi Assyrians who oppposed the regime of Saddam Hussein, had moved to the Soviet Union in the 1980s to study engineering. Her grandfather, Muhammad Salih Alabali, was an Iraqi resistance leader who was killed by the Ba’ath regime. In 1996, the family sought, and received asylum in Germany, settling in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. She completed her school education at the Gymnasium Fridericianum Schwerin. Alabali graduated with a bachelor's degree in political science from the Free University of Berlin and has started a master's degree program (distance learning) in Sustainable Development Cooperation at the Technical University of Kaiserslautern.
Political career
In 2020, Alabali-Radovan was appointed Commissioner for integration of the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania state government. At the 2021 German federal election she was elected in the constituency of Schwerin – Ludwigslust-Parchim I – Nordwestmecklenburg I, defeating incumbent Dietrich Monstadt of the CDU.Within her parliamentary group, Alabali-Radovan belongs to the Parliamentary Left, a left-wing movement.On 8 December 2021, the Scholz cabinet appointed Alabali-Radovan as Federal Commissioner for Migration, Refugees and Integration with the rank of a Minister of State in the Federal Chancellery. Since 23 February 2022, she has additionally served as the Federal Government Commissioner for Anti-Racism.
References
External links
Media related to Reem Alabali-Radovan at Wikimedia Commons
|
occupation
|
{
"answer_start": [
97
],
"text": [
"politician"
]
}
|
Reem Alabali-Radovan (German pronunciation: [ˈʁiːm alaˈbaːli ˈʁaːdoʋaːn]; born 1990) is a German politician who has been serving as a Member of the Bundestag for the Social Democratic Party (SPD) since 2021.
In addition to her parliamentary work, Alabali-Radovan also currently serves as Minister of State at the Chancellery and Federal Commissioner for Migration, Refugees and Integration in Chancellor Olaf Scholz's cabinet since 2021. She is the first person of Iraqi descent in the Bundestag.
Early life
Alabali-Radovan was born in Moscow in 1990. Her parents, Iraqi Assyrians who oppposed the regime of Saddam Hussein, had moved to the Soviet Union in the 1980s to study engineering. Her grandfather, Muhammad Salih Alabali, was an Iraqi resistance leader who was killed by the Ba’ath regime. In 1996, the family sought, and received asylum in Germany, settling in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. She completed her school education at the Gymnasium Fridericianum Schwerin. Alabali graduated with a bachelor's degree in political science from the Free University of Berlin and has started a master's degree program (distance learning) in Sustainable Development Cooperation at the Technical University of Kaiserslautern.
Political career
In 2020, Alabali-Radovan was appointed Commissioner for integration of the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania state government. At the 2021 German federal election she was elected in the constituency of Schwerin – Ludwigslust-Parchim I – Nordwestmecklenburg I, defeating incumbent Dietrich Monstadt of the CDU.Within her parliamentary group, Alabali-Radovan belongs to the Parliamentary Left, a left-wing movement.On 8 December 2021, the Scholz cabinet appointed Alabali-Radovan as Federal Commissioner for Migration, Refugees and Integration with the rank of a Minister of State in the Federal Chancellery. Since 23 February 2022, she has additionally served as the Federal Government Commissioner for Anti-Racism.
References
External links
Media related to Reem Alabali-Radovan at Wikimedia Commons
|
Commons category
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Reem Alabali-Radovan"
]
}
|
Reem Alabali-Radovan (German pronunciation: [ˈʁiːm alaˈbaːli ˈʁaːdoʋaːn]; born 1990) is a German politician who has been serving as a Member of the Bundestag for the Social Democratic Party (SPD) since 2021.
In addition to her parliamentary work, Alabali-Radovan also currently serves as Minister of State at the Chancellery and Federal Commissioner for Migration, Refugees and Integration in Chancellor Olaf Scholz's cabinet since 2021. She is the first person of Iraqi descent in the Bundestag.
Early life
Alabali-Radovan was born in Moscow in 1990. Her parents, Iraqi Assyrians who oppposed the regime of Saddam Hussein, had moved to the Soviet Union in the 1980s to study engineering. Her grandfather, Muhammad Salih Alabali, was an Iraqi resistance leader who was killed by the Ba’ath regime. In 1996, the family sought, and received asylum in Germany, settling in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. She completed her school education at the Gymnasium Fridericianum Schwerin. Alabali graduated with a bachelor's degree in political science from the Free University of Berlin and has started a master's degree program (distance learning) in Sustainable Development Cooperation at the Technical University of Kaiserslautern.
Political career
In 2020, Alabali-Radovan was appointed Commissioner for integration of the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania state government. At the 2021 German federal election she was elected in the constituency of Schwerin – Ludwigslust-Parchim I – Nordwestmecklenburg I, defeating incumbent Dietrich Monstadt of the CDU.Within her parliamentary group, Alabali-Radovan belongs to the Parliamentary Left, a left-wing movement.On 8 December 2021, the Scholz cabinet appointed Alabali-Radovan as Federal Commissioner for Migration, Refugees and Integration with the rank of a Minister of State in the Federal Chancellery. Since 23 February 2022, she has additionally served as the Federal Government Commissioner for Anti-Racism.
References
External links
Media related to Reem Alabali-Radovan at Wikimedia Commons
|
given name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Reem"
]
}
|
Christer Majbäck (born 30 January 1964) is a Swedish former cross-country skier who competed at international top level from 1984 to 1999. He won a bronze medal in 10 km at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville.
Majbäck's biggest successes were at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships where earned five medals, including one gold (4 × 10 km relay: 1989), two silvers (10 km, 4 × 10 km relay: both 1991), and two bronzes (30 km: 1987, 1989).
He also won two World Cup and FIS Races in his career (1989, 1997)
Majbäck is currently the owner and President of Skigo AB which manufactures and distributes the Skigo brand of wax, poles and other skiing products.
Cross-country skiing results
All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).
Olympic Games
1 medal – (1 bronze)
World Championships
5 medals – (1 gold, 2 silver, 2 bronze)
World Cup
Season standings
Individual podiums
1 victory
11 podiums
Team podiums
6 victories
13 podiums
References
External links
Christer Majbaeck at the International Ski and Snowboard Federation
Christer Majbäck at the International Olympic Committee
Christer Majbäck at Olympics at Sports-Reference.com (archived)
|
occupation
|
{
"answer_start": [
60
],
"text": [
"cross-country skier"
]
}
|
Christer Majbäck (born 30 January 1964) is a Swedish former cross-country skier who competed at international top level from 1984 to 1999. He won a bronze medal in 10 km at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville.
Majbäck's biggest successes were at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships where earned five medals, including one gold (4 × 10 km relay: 1989), two silvers (10 km, 4 × 10 km relay: both 1991), and two bronzes (30 km: 1987, 1989).
He also won two World Cup and FIS Races in his career (1989, 1997)
Majbäck is currently the owner and President of Skigo AB which manufactures and distributes the Skigo brand of wax, poles and other skiing products.
Cross-country skiing results
All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).
Olympic Games
1 medal – (1 bronze)
World Championships
5 medals – (1 gold, 2 silver, 2 bronze)
World Cup
Season standings
Individual podiums
1 victory
11 podiums
Team podiums
6 victories
13 podiums
References
External links
Christer Majbaeck at the International Ski and Snowboard Federation
Christer Majbäck at the International Olympic Committee
Christer Majbäck at Olympics at Sports-Reference.com (archived)
|
given name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Christer"
]
}
|
Christer Majbäck (born 30 January 1964) is a Swedish former cross-country skier who competed at international top level from 1984 to 1999. He won a bronze medal in 10 km at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville.
Majbäck's biggest successes were at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships where earned five medals, including one gold (4 × 10 km relay: 1989), two silvers (10 km, 4 × 10 km relay: both 1991), and two bronzes (30 km: 1987, 1989).
He also won two World Cup and FIS Races in his career (1989, 1997)
Majbäck is currently the owner and President of Skigo AB which manufactures and distributes the Skigo brand of wax, poles and other skiing products.
Cross-country skiing results
All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).
Olympic Games
1 medal – (1 bronze)
World Championships
5 medals – (1 gold, 2 silver, 2 bronze)
World Cup
Season standings
Individual podiums
1 victory
11 podiums
Team podiums
6 victories
13 podiums
References
External links
Christer Majbaeck at the International Ski and Snowboard Federation
Christer Majbäck at the International Olympic Committee
Christer Majbäck at Olympics at Sports-Reference.com (archived)
|
participant in
|
{
"answer_start": [
177
],
"text": [
"1992 Winter Olympics"
]
}
|
Héctor Hugo Hurtado Salazar (born 21 September 1975) is a former Colombian football striker who last played for América de Cali.
When he retired from his career as a professional player in 2014 he became a sports technician.
Career
On April 13, 2008, he scored his first career hat-trick against Sport Boys. Universitario won the fixture 5-1.
Statistics
Universitario Statistics: 2007 AperturaUniversitario Statistics: 2007 ClausuraUniversitario Statistics: 2008 AperturaUniversitario Statistics: 2008 Clausura
International
Hurtado played for the Colombia national team between 1999 and 2005.
External links
Héctor Hurtado at National-Football-Teams.com
|
place of birth
|
{
"answer_start": [
123
],
"text": [
"Cali"
]
}
|
Héctor Hugo Hurtado Salazar (born 21 September 1975) is a former Colombian football striker who last played for América de Cali.
When he retired from his career as a professional player in 2014 he became a sports technician.
Career
On April 13, 2008, he scored his first career hat-trick against Sport Boys. Universitario won the fixture 5-1.
Statistics
Universitario Statistics: 2007 AperturaUniversitario Statistics: 2007 ClausuraUniversitario Statistics: 2008 AperturaUniversitario Statistics: 2008 Clausura
International
Hurtado played for the Colombia national team between 1999 and 2005.
External links
Héctor Hurtado at National-Football-Teams.com
|
country of citizenship
|
{
"answer_start": [
65
],
"text": [
"Colombia"
]
}
|
Héctor Hugo Hurtado Salazar (born 21 September 1975) is a former Colombian football striker who last played for América de Cali.
When he retired from his career as a professional player in 2014 he became a sports technician.
Career
On April 13, 2008, he scored his first career hat-trick against Sport Boys. Universitario won the fixture 5-1.
Statistics
Universitario Statistics: 2007 AperturaUniversitario Statistics: 2007 ClausuraUniversitario Statistics: 2008 AperturaUniversitario Statistics: 2008 Clausura
International
Hurtado played for the Colombia national team between 1999 and 2005.
External links
Héctor Hurtado at National-Football-Teams.com
|
member of sports team
|
{
"answer_start": [
112
],
"text": [
"América de Cali"
]
}
|
Héctor Hugo Hurtado Salazar (born 21 September 1975) is a former Colombian football striker who last played for América de Cali.
When he retired from his career as a professional player in 2014 he became a sports technician.
Career
On April 13, 2008, he scored his first career hat-trick against Sport Boys. Universitario won the fixture 5-1.
Statistics
Universitario Statistics: 2007 AperturaUniversitario Statistics: 2007 ClausuraUniversitario Statistics: 2008 AperturaUniversitario Statistics: 2008 Clausura
International
Hurtado played for the Colombia national team between 1999 and 2005.
External links
Héctor Hurtado at National-Football-Teams.com
|
given name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Héctor"
]
}
|
Héctor Hugo Hurtado Salazar (born 21 September 1975) is a former Colombian football striker who last played for América de Cali.
When he retired from his career as a professional player in 2014 he became a sports technician.
Career
On April 13, 2008, he scored his first career hat-trick against Sport Boys. Universitario won the fixture 5-1.
Statistics
Universitario Statistics: 2007 AperturaUniversitario Statistics: 2007 ClausuraUniversitario Statistics: 2008 AperturaUniversitario Statistics: 2008 Clausura
International
Hurtado played for the Colombia national team between 1999 and 2005.
External links
Héctor Hurtado at National-Football-Teams.com
|
family name
|
{
"answer_start": [
12
],
"text": [
"Hurtado"
]
}
|
EKP may refer to:
Political parties
Communist Party of Estonia (Estonian: Eestimaa Kommunistlik Partei), defunct
Jewish Communist Party (Poalei Zion) (Russian: Evreĭskaia kommunisticheskaia partiia (Poaleĭ-Tsion)), defunct
Other uses
Ekpeye language
|
Commons category
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"EKP"
]
}
|
The Lithuanian A Lyga 1999 was the tenth season of top-tier football in Lithuania. The season started on 5 July 1999 and ended on 6 November 1999. 10 teams participated, 3 fewer than the previous season, and Žalgiris Kaunas won the championship.
League standings
Results
Relegation play-off
== References ==
|
country
|
{
"answer_start": [
4
],
"text": [
"Lithuania"
]
}
|
The Lithuanian A Lyga 1999 was the tenth season of top-tier football in Lithuania. The season started on 5 July 1999 and ended on 6 November 1999. 10 teams participated, 3 fewer than the previous season, and Žalgiris Kaunas won the championship.
League standings
Results
Relegation play-off
== References ==
|
edition number
|
{
"answer_start": [
147
],
"text": [
"10"
]
}
|
The Lithuanian A Lyga 1999 was the tenth season of top-tier football in Lithuania. The season started on 5 July 1999 and ended on 6 November 1999. 10 teams participated, 3 fewer than the previous season, and Žalgiris Kaunas won the championship.
League standings
Results
Relegation play-off
== References ==
|
number of participants
|
{
"answer_start": [
147
],
"text": [
"10"
]
}
|
The Lithuanian A Lyga 1999 was the tenth season of top-tier football in Lithuania. The season started on 5 July 1999 and ended on 6 November 1999. 10 teams participated, 3 fewer than the previous season, and Žalgiris Kaunas won the championship.
League standings
Results
Relegation play-off
== References ==
|
sports season of league or competition
|
{
"answer_start": [
15
],
"text": [
"A Lyga"
]
}
|
The 1982 Pacific hurricane season, with 23 named storms, ranks as the fourth-most active Pacific hurricane season on record, tied with 2018. It was at that time the most active season in the basin until it was later surpassed by the 1985 season. It officially started June 1, 1982, in the eastern Pacific, and June 1, 1982, in the central Pacific, and lasted until October 31, 1982, in the central Pacific and until November 15, 1982, in the Eastern Pacific. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. At that time, the season was considered as the most active season within the basin in terms of named storms, however, the 1985 season surpassed these numbers just three years later.
The 1982 season was an eventful one. Hurricane Paul killed over 1,000 people before it was named. Hurricanes Daniel and Gilma both briefly threatened Hawaii, while Hurricane Iwa caused heavy damage to Kauai and Niihau. The remnants of Hurricane Olivia brought heavy rain to a wide swath of the western United States.
Seasonal summary
This season had twenty-three tropical storms, twelve hurricanes, and five major hurricanes. Three tropical storms and one hurricane— a record number of named storms— formed in the central Pacific. This was largely due to the strong 1982–83 El Niño event, which was present during the season. However, this was surpassed in the 2015 Pacific hurricane season with eight storms.
This is the first year that named storms forming between the dateline and 140°W were given names from the Hawaiian language. Previous to this year, names and numbers from the western Pacific's typhoon list were used. After this year, it was decided that the six-year lists would be used, instead of the four-year ones. That is why the 1978 season's list was used again this season.
Systems
Tropical Storm Aletta
The origins of Aletta are from a tropical disturbance that was first noted on May 18 about 500 mi (805 km) south-southwest of Acapulco. On May 20, the disturbance was upgraded into a tropical depression. Moving northwest, the depression became Tropical Storm Aletta 36 hours later. The system re-curved towards the northeast due to strong upper-level westerlies, reaching its peak intensity of 65 mph (105 km/h) on May 23. Shortly after its peak, Tropical Storm Aletta began to weaken. However, the system briefly leveled off in intensity for 30 hours before resuming a weakening trend. On May 25, Aletta slowed and moved in a large clockwise loop until May 28. Shortly thereafter, Tropical Storm Aletta was downgraded into a depression. Tropical Depression Aletta dissipated on May 29 roughly 180 mi (290 km/h) southwest of Acapulco.
Tropical Depression Two-E
This system originated as a low in the western Caribbean on the morning of May 27. The next day it moved southwest into Guatemala with significant thunderstorm activity, emerging into the Gulf of Tehuantepec around noon on May 29. By May 31, it was organized enough to be considered a tropical depression. Slowly weakening on June 1 as it remained quasi-stationary, the system dissipated in the Gulf of Tehuantepec on June 4.
Tropical Depression Three-E
This cyclone formed well to the west-southwest of Mexico on June 12. The depression slowly recurved due to an upper-level low located well to its north-northwest. By June 15, vertical wind shear had taken its toll and the system dissipated about 300 mi (485 km) north of where it formed.
Tropical Storm Bud
On June 15, this cyclone formed about 460 mi (740 km) southwest of Acapulco. Drifting west-northwest, it quickly strengthened into a tropical storm. Maximum sustained winds peaked near 50 mph (80 km/h) late on June 15. Turning south of due west, vertical wind shear weakened Bud, with the cyclone dissipating by the morning of June 17 about 23 miles (37 km) north-northwest of Clipperton Island.
Tropical Depression Five-E
Late on June 16, deep convection organized in the Gulf of Tehuantepec into a tropical depression. Transcribing a small clockwise loop, the system moved west-northwest. Interaction with Mexico likely played a role in its weakening as water temperatures under the system were never below 82 °F (28 °C). The system dissipated about 90 mi (145 km) south of Puerto Ángel by the morning of June 19.
Tropical Storm Carlotta
A tropical wave crossed Central America on June 26, creating an area of thunderstorms just inside the tropical eastern Pacific that morning. Cyclonic turning was evident by the night of June 30 while located roughly 350 mi (565 km) south of Manzanillo as the system continued westward. Slowly turning northwest, the system was upgraded to a tropical depression early on July 1 and a tropical storm by nightfall. Maximum sustained winds increased to 60 mph (95 km/h) by noon July 3. Increasingly southwest flow aloft turned Carlotta more northward into cooler waters, causing the cyclone to regain tropical depression status on the evening of July 4, ultimately dissipating southwest of Cabo San Lucas the next evening.
Tropical Depression Seven-E
The system formed between Tropical Storm Carlotta and the Hawaiian Islands on the evening of July 2. Slowly recurving north and northeast, the system moved into cooler waters and dissipated about 100 miles (160 km) north of where it formed by the afternoon of July 3.
Hurricane Daniel
Tropical Depression Eight-E formed south of Mexico on July 7. Moving west-northwest, the cyclone slowly strengthened into a tropical storm around noon on July 8 before becoming a hurricane late in the afternoon of July 9. Daniel reached its maximum intensity of 115 mph (185 km/h) early in the morning of July 11 a few hundred miles southwest of Manzanillo, Mexico. As the storm moved westward, it slowly weakened. Daniel regained tropical storm status during the night of July 14, entering the Central Pacific Basin as a weakening tropical storm on the morning of July 16. Daniel retained tropical storm intensity for the next few days before weakening into a tropical depression about 280 mi (450 km) south southwest of the Big Island of Hawaii, being sheared by the same upper trough that caused Emilia's dissipation a few days earlier. Daniel turned northward, and on July 22, dissipated in the Alenuihaha Channel between Maui and the Big Island of Hawaii.
Tropical Storm Emilia
Tropical Depression Nine-E developed near 10.0° N 136.5° W on the morning of July 12. Intensifying, the cyclone became a tropical storm later that day. Emilia moved westward around 13 miles per hour (21 km/h) and entered the Central Pacific Basin on the night of July 12. Over the next day, the storm moved west-northwest, reaching maximum sustained winds of 65 mph (105 km/h). An upper trough to the west weakened Emilia rapidly due to vertical wind shear, and the cyclone weakened to tropical depression status early on the morning of July 15. Dissipation of the tropical depression was noted by afternoon.
Tropical Depression Ten-E
To the east of Daniel, a tropical depression formed on the evening of July 13 a few hundred miles west-southwest of Manzanillo. The system moved westward and weakened thereafter, dissipating about 200 mi (320 km) west of where it had formed by the afternoon of July 14.
Tropical Depression Eleven-E
A tropical disturbance was spotted about 650 mi (1,045 km) southwest of Acapulco on July 12. By the evening of July 15, cyclonic turning was evident and the system was upgraded to a tropical depression. Moving unsteadily to the west-northwest, the system weakened, dissipating a few hundred miles west-northwest of where it had formed.
Hurricane Fabio
The cyclone developed as a tropical depression southeast of Manzanillo on July 17. Over the next couple of days, it strengthened rapidly into a hurricane as it moved northwest, peaking in intensity with 75 mph (120 km/h) winds. Gradual weakening occurred as Fabio turned westward along the 19th parallel north into cooler waters, eventually dissipating late on July 24.
Hurricane Gilma
Tropical Depression Thirteen-E formed near 9.5°N 117°30'W and moved slightly north of west. Tropical storm status was attained near noon on July 26, and the cyclone crossed the threshold of hurricane strength late on the night of July 27. By noon on July 29, Gilma reached it maximum intensity of 125 mph (200 km/h) well to the east-southeast of Hawaii. The cyclone weakened and sped up its motion to the west-northwest, crossing into the Central Pacific Basin as a category one hurricane very early on July 30. Gilma was downgraded to a tropical storm late in the morning of July 30, and a tropical depression early on the morning of August 1 as the circulation passed 50 mi (80 km) south of South Point. The cyclone dissipated late on August 1 as it passed 200 mi (300 km) south of Kauai.
Hurricane Hector
On July 23, a tropical wave moved off the Colombian coast. The related convection moved westward at over 20 mph (30 km/h). By the evening of July 27, the system slowed its forward motion. The next evening, a tropical depression organized within the thunderstorm activity well to the south of Baja California. Strengthening continued, as Hector became a tropical storm on the morning of July 29 and a hurricane by noon on July 30. A combination of vertical wind shear and cooler waters ahead of the cyclone led to its weakening trend, which hastened on August 1. It weakened to a tropical storm on the morning of August 2 and to a depression soon thereafter while located midway between the Hawaiian Islands and southern Baja California.
Tropical Storm Iva
A tropical disturbance was discovered 300 mi (485 km) south of Acapulco on July 31. Moving west-northwest, it achieved tropical depression status that night and tropical storm status on August 2 while 800 mi (1,340 km) west-southwest of Acapulco. Northeasterly upper-level shear appears to have been Iva's nemesis, as the system weakened back into a tropical depression by the afternoon of August 3 as it turned west-southwest. The depression maintained strength for another several days before dissipating well east-southwest of Hilo, Hawaii, on the morning of August 8.
Hurricane John
Tropical Depression Sixteen-E formed on August 3 in the East Pacific between Hawaii and Mexico. The system intensified into a tropical storm by noon August 4, and a hurricane on the morning of August 5. John reached its peak intensity of 115 mph (185 km/h) as it moved into the Central Pacific Basin on August 6. Weakening commenced on August 7 due to westerly vertical wind shear caused by the semi-permanent mid-oceanic upper trough, and John weakened to a tropical storm on the night of August 8. It passed by as a tropical depression about 180 mi (290 km) south of the Island of Hawaii, and dissipated late on August 10 to the southwest of Hawaii.
Hurricane Kristy
Tropical Depression Seventeen-E formed by noon on August 8 in the East Pacific. The low moved west, intensified, and became Tropical Storm Kristy by midnight, and a hurricane by midnight on the night of August 9. Weakening as it entered the Central Pacific, Kristy regained tropical storm status late on August 10 while moving south of due west at a rapid 30 mph (48 km/h). As it slowed down and turned northwest, Kristy began to restrengthen. Hurricane intensity was reached again on the evening of August 13. By noon on August 14, the cyclone passed 250 mi (400 km) south of South Point, Hawaii. Westerly winds aloft slowed Kristy's forward motion down additionally, and Kristy weakened back into a tropical storm on August 15. Turning more to the west with the low level wind flow, the cyclone was downgraded to a tropical depression by noon on August 16 and dissipated that night southwest of Hawaii.
Tropical Storm Lane
The originating disturbance of this system emerged off San José, Costa Rica on August 4 and slowly consolidated. By the afternoon of August 8, Tropical Depression Eighteen-E developed well south of Cabo San Lucas. The next morning it had continued strengthening into a tropical storm. Maximum sustained winds reached 60 mph (97 km/h) as it continued moving west-northwest. Vertical wind shear reached Lane on August 10, which led to weakening. It weakened to a tropical depression late on August 11, but sporadic thunderstorm blowups near the center kept the system alive for another few days. Dissipation occurred on the evening of August 14 as it crossed the 140th meridian west.
Hurricane Miriam
Tropical Depression Nineteen-E formed on August 29 a couple hundred miles southwest of Manzanillo, Mexico. The depression moved west-northwestward, intensifying into a tropical storm by noon on August 30 and a hurricane by noon on August 31. Peak intensity of 90 mph (145 km/h) was attained during the early morning of September 1. For the next couple of days, Miriam remained unchanged in strength. By late on September 3, a weakening trend was realized as it passed into the Central Pacific by the afternoon of September 4. Shearing apart soon afterwards, the low moved northwest and weakened into a tropical depression well to the east of Hawaii on the morning of September 5. It drifted north, and became a nontropical low by September 6. The cyclone was last noted near 30°N 149°W, continuing its northward trek.
Tropical Storm Akoni
Tropical Depression One-C formed along the eastern end of the West Pacific monsoon trough on August 30 about 700 mi (1120 km) east of the International Dateline, well to the west-southwest of Hawaii. Moving slowly westward, the system intensified rapidly into a tropical storm by noon and was named Akoni. The name "Akoni" is an ʻokina-less spelling of ʻAkoni, which is Hawaiian for "Anthony". Maximum sustained winds increased to 60 mph (97 km/h) late on August 31 as Akoni moved near the ship Nana Lolo a few hundred miles east of the International Dateline. An upper trough to the northwest set Akoni on a weakening curve, and the cyclone diminished to a tropical depression on the evening of September 1 as it moved with the low level flow. The weakening depression passed the International Dateline into the western Pacific on the morning of September 2. Akoni was the first storm to receive a name from the modern Central Pacific tropical cyclone naming list.
Hurricane Norman
Northeasterly shear slowed the development of the initial tropical depression which formed into Norman. Strengthening began in earnest on September 11, and the cyclone became a tropical storm, and then a hurricane by early on September 13. Maximum sustained winds reached nearly 95 mph (153 km/h) by September 15. A mid-latitude trough dug in from the north, weakening the ridge north of Norman and leading to a northward motion. Increased vertical wind shear and cooler waters weakened the hurricane, with dissipation occurring just west of Baja California on September 18. On September 17 and 18, moisture from Norman brought scattered rain to California and Arizona.
Tropical Depression Twenty-One-E
A tropical depression formed well east-southeast of Hawaii late on September 10. Moving over cooler waters soon after formation, the depression dissipated by the next evening near 14°N 134°W.
Tropical Storm Ema
An area of convection formed near 15°N 140°W and by September 15, a tropical depression had formed within the thunderstorm activity. Strengthening as it moved slowly north-northeast, the cyclone became a tropical storm late that day. Ema became stationary between the morning of September 16 and September 17 before resuming its north-northeast heading. Its peak intensity was 45 mph (72 km/h). Upper-level shear weakened the system into a tropical depression by noon on September 18. As it crossed the 140th meridian west back into the eastern Pacific near the 20th parallel north, the depression dissipated.
Tropical Storm Hana
An area of thunderstorms stewed south of the Hawaiian Islands for several days. By September 15, it had organized into Tropical Depression Three-C, and quickly became a tropical storm that afternoon. The cyclone moved north-northwest for a day before slowing to a crawl for the next day. The cyclone turned southwest and weakened into a tropical depression due to vertical wind shear. It dissipated southwest of Hawaii near 13°N 162°W late on September 18.
Hurricane Olivia
Ship reports indicated that a tropical depression had formed about 400 miles (640 km) south-southwest of Acapulco around noon on September 18. The system drifted north-northwest, developing into a tropical storm that night. About 24 hours later, Olivia became a hurricane. Rapid intensification continued, and Olivia reached its peak intensity of 145 mph (230 km/h) winds around noon September 21, becoming the strongest storm of the season. The next day, waters under the tropical cyclone began to cool as the hurricane gained increasing latitude offshore Mexico. By noon on September 23, the cyclone had weakened into a tropical storm west of Baja California. Strong southwest flow to its north spread precipitation through the western United States into southwest Canada. The cyclone weakened to a tropical depression about 500 miles (800 km) southwest of San Diego and the surface low was last seen dissipating on September 25 about 250 miles (400 km) west-southwest of San Diego.
The heavy rain in California wiped out half of the raisin crop, a quarter of the wine crop, and a tenth of the tomato crop. Olivia's remnants brought rain totals of over 7 inches (177 mm) to California and northern Utah as they interacted with a strong upper level system and the local topography. The precipitation from this storm largely contributed to the record monthly precipitation in Salt Lake City, Utah, of 7.04 in (179 mm). These rains resulted in widespread losses, mainly from agriculture, amounting to $325 million (1982 USD).
Hurricane Paul
The precursor disturbance to Paul originated from an area of low barometric pressure and disorganized thunderstorms, which was first noted near the Pacific coast of Nicaragua on September 15. Five days later, the EPHC classified it as Tropical Depression Twenty-Two. The depression turned northward and then moved inland near the El Salvador–Guatemala border, and dissipated overland. The remains of the depression retraced westward back over the open waters of the Pacific, briefly regenerating into a tropical depression. The depression again degenerated into an open trough on September 22. Two days later, Paul regenerated for the third time. It gradually organized into a tropical storm at 0000 UTC September 25. Two days later, Paul became a hurricane and turned north. As the storm neared Baja California Sur, it reached Category 2 intensity. On September 29, the hurricane crossed Baja California Sur at peak intensity. After weakening slightly inland, Paul made its final landfall near Los Mochis before rapidly dissipating overland.The tropical depression that later became Paul produced the worst natural disaster in El Salvador since 1965. A total of 761 people were killed 312 of which occurred in San Salvador, which also sustained the worst damage. About 25,000–30,000 people were left homeless. Much of San Salvador was submerged by flood waters of up to 8 ft (2.4 m) high, and even after their recession hundreds of homes remained buried under trees, debris, and 10 ft (3.0 m) of mud. In all, property damage from the storm amounted to $100 million (1982 US$) in the country; economic losses were estimated at $280 million (1982 USD). Crop damage was worth $250 million.In Guatemala, widespread catastrophic floods claimed 615 lives and left 668 others missing. More than 10,000 people were left homeless as The 200 communities were isolated from surrounding areas. Overall, economic losses of $100 million (1982 USD) were reported in the country. In Nicaragua, Paul killed 71 people and caused $356 million (1982 USD) in economic losses. Throughout southern Mexico, floods from the precursor depression to Paul killed another 225 people. Prior to landfall in the state of Baja California Sur, 50,000 people were evacuated. Furthermore, wind gusts estimated at 120 mph (195 km/h) swept through San José del Cabo, causing property damage and subsequently leaving 9,000 homeless. Despite extensive damage, no deaths were reported in the Baja California Peninsula wake of Paul. In northern Mexico, the greatest damage occurred 70 miles (110 km) south of Los Mochis in the city of Guamuchil; a total of 24 people were killed by the storm statewide, although it produced beneficial rains over the region. Agricultural damage was severe in the state of Sinaloa, with up to 40 percent of the soybean crop destroyed. In all, the state's corn production was down by 26 percent from the previous year. Total storm damage in Mexico amounted to $4.5 billion (1982 MXN; $70 million USD). The remnants of Paul moved into the United States, producing heavy rainfall in southern New Mexico and extreme West Texas. Inclement weather was observed as far inland as the Great Plains.
Tropical Storm Rosa
A well-organized tropical depression formed in the Gulf of Tehuantepec on September 30. Moving slowly northwest, the system became a tropical storm, reaching maximum sustained winds of 50 mph (80 km/h) on the afternoon of October 2. The system slowly weakened as it moved northwest, and Rosa brushed the Pacific coast of Mexico as a dissipating depression.
Hurricane Sergio
A tropical disturbance was noted southwest of Costa Rica on October 12. Moving west-northwest, the system organized into a tropical depression as it crossed the 91st meridian west late on October 13 and became a tropical storm by October 14 as it entered the Gulf of Tehuantepec. It strengthened into a hurricane late that day as it passed 95°W. By the afternoon of October 17, Sergio was packing sustained winds of 120 mph (190 km/h). Cooler water was reached soon afterwards, and weakening commenced. While slowly moving west, Sergio weakened to a tropical storm by the afternoon of October 21 and to a tropical depression late on October 22. The system dissipated near 19°N 133°W on the afternoon of October 23.
Tropical Storm Tara
A tropical disturbance emerged off the coast of Central America. Cyclonic turning was noted on the afternoon of October 19, and a tropical depression formed 350 miles (560 km) south of Acapulco. Staggering west-northwestward, the cyclone became a tropical storm by the morning of the October 22. Maximum sustained winds increased to 50 mph (80 km/h) late on October 24. As it moved over cooler waters on October 25, the system weakened to a tropical depression that afternoon, dissipating that night near 21°N 130°W.
Hurricane Iwa
A late-season trough of low pressure developed into a tropical depression and was subsequently upgraded into Tropical Storm Iwa. At first, the After turning to the northeast, Iwa began to slowly intensify, and on November 23, Iwa strengthened into a hurricane. Iwa reached peak winds of 90 mph (145 km/h) late on November 23. Accelerating, Iwa passed just north of the island of Kauai on November 24. After passing the island group, Iwa rapidly deteriorated; late on November 24, the hurricane degenerated into a tropical storm. On November 25, Iwa became an extratropical cyclone.Due to the hurricane's rapid motion, storm surge extended 900 feet (275 m) inland. A total of 5,800 people were evacuated in Kauai. In addition, 44 of the 45 boats at Port Allen sunk. The worst of the damage from the hurricane occurred in Poipu and in areas where there was no protective barrier reef offshore. High winds from Hurricane Iwa briefly left Kauai without power and destroyed most papaya and banyan trees. The hurricane destroyed or damaged 3,890 homes on the island. Rough seas killed a person and left four others injured in Pearl Harbor. In Oahu, damage was heaviest on the southwest side of the island. The passage of the hurricane damaged at least 6,391 homes and 21 hotels; 418 buildings, including 30 businesses, were destroyed on Oahu. In Niihau, 20 homes were destroyed and 160 were damaged.Throughout the Hawaiian island group, 20 people were treated for injuries. An estimated 500 people throughout Hawaii were left homeless due to the hurricane. At the time, Hurricane Iwa was the costliest storm to hit the state, with damage totaling $312 million (1982 USD, $946 million 2023 USD). Three days after Hurricane Iwa passed the state, Governor George Ariyoshi declared the islands of Kauai and Niihau as disaster areas with President Ronald Reagan following suit on November 28, declaring Kauai, Niihau, and Oahu as disaster areas. Furthermore, two people died in a traffic accident due to malfunctioning traffic lights. Ten years following the storm, Hurricane Iniki struck the same area.
Storm names
The following names were used for named storms that formed in the eastern Pacific in 1982. No Eastern Pacific names were retired, so it was used again in the 1988 season. This is the same list used in the 1978 season, except for Fabio, which replaced Fico. A storm was named Fabio for the first time in 1982. Names that were not assigned are marked in gray.
Four names from the Central Pacific list were used – Akoni, Ema, Hana, and Iwa. This was the very first usage for all of these names. Akoni and Ema were used again in the 2019 season.
With four names being used, this season held the record for most named storms forming in the Central Pacific, until it was surpassed by the 2015 season.
Retirement
One name was retired from the Central Pacific list after the 1982 season, Iwa. It was replaced with Io (which was later changed to Iona before its usage). Iwa is one of only four Central Pacific names to have been retired, the others being Iniki, Paka, and Ioke.
See also
List of Pacific hurricanes
Pacific hurricane season
1982 Atlantic hurricane season
1982 Pacific typhoon season
1982 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
Australian cyclone seasons: 1981–82, 1982–83
South Pacific cyclone seasons: 1981–82, 1982–83
South-West Indian Ocean cyclone seasons: 1981–82, 1982–83
Southern Hemisphere tropical cyclone seasons: 1981–82, 1982–83
References
External links
Eastern North Pacific Tropical Cyclones of 1982
Unisys Weather archive for the Eastern Pacific, 1982
CPHC Season Summary
CLASS polar orbiter satellite archive
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
9
],
"text": [
"Pacific hurricane season"
]
}
|
The 1982 Pacific hurricane season, with 23 named storms, ranks as the fourth-most active Pacific hurricane season on record, tied with 2018. It was at that time the most active season in the basin until it was later surpassed by the 1985 season. It officially started June 1, 1982, in the eastern Pacific, and June 1, 1982, in the central Pacific, and lasted until October 31, 1982, in the central Pacific and until November 15, 1982, in the Eastern Pacific. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. At that time, the season was considered as the most active season within the basin in terms of named storms, however, the 1985 season surpassed these numbers just three years later.
The 1982 season was an eventful one. Hurricane Paul killed over 1,000 people before it was named. Hurricanes Daniel and Gilma both briefly threatened Hawaii, while Hurricane Iwa caused heavy damage to Kauai and Niihau. The remnants of Hurricane Olivia brought heavy rain to a wide swath of the western United States.
Seasonal summary
This season had twenty-three tropical storms, twelve hurricanes, and five major hurricanes. Three tropical storms and one hurricane— a record number of named storms— formed in the central Pacific. This was largely due to the strong 1982–83 El Niño event, which was present during the season. However, this was surpassed in the 2015 Pacific hurricane season with eight storms.
This is the first year that named storms forming between the dateline and 140°W were given names from the Hawaiian language. Previous to this year, names and numbers from the western Pacific's typhoon list were used. After this year, it was decided that the six-year lists would be used, instead of the four-year ones. That is why the 1978 season's list was used again this season.
Systems
Tropical Storm Aletta
The origins of Aletta are from a tropical disturbance that was first noted on May 18 about 500 mi (805 km) south-southwest of Acapulco. On May 20, the disturbance was upgraded into a tropical depression. Moving northwest, the depression became Tropical Storm Aletta 36 hours later. The system re-curved towards the northeast due to strong upper-level westerlies, reaching its peak intensity of 65 mph (105 km/h) on May 23. Shortly after its peak, Tropical Storm Aletta began to weaken. However, the system briefly leveled off in intensity for 30 hours before resuming a weakening trend. On May 25, Aletta slowed and moved in a large clockwise loop until May 28. Shortly thereafter, Tropical Storm Aletta was downgraded into a depression. Tropical Depression Aletta dissipated on May 29 roughly 180 mi (290 km/h) southwest of Acapulco.
Tropical Depression Two-E
This system originated as a low in the western Caribbean on the morning of May 27. The next day it moved southwest into Guatemala with significant thunderstorm activity, emerging into the Gulf of Tehuantepec around noon on May 29. By May 31, it was organized enough to be considered a tropical depression. Slowly weakening on June 1 as it remained quasi-stationary, the system dissipated in the Gulf of Tehuantepec on June 4.
Tropical Depression Three-E
This cyclone formed well to the west-southwest of Mexico on June 12. The depression slowly recurved due to an upper-level low located well to its north-northwest. By June 15, vertical wind shear had taken its toll and the system dissipated about 300 mi (485 km) north of where it formed.
Tropical Storm Bud
On June 15, this cyclone formed about 460 mi (740 km) southwest of Acapulco. Drifting west-northwest, it quickly strengthened into a tropical storm. Maximum sustained winds peaked near 50 mph (80 km/h) late on June 15. Turning south of due west, vertical wind shear weakened Bud, with the cyclone dissipating by the morning of June 17 about 23 miles (37 km) north-northwest of Clipperton Island.
Tropical Depression Five-E
Late on June 16, deep convection organized in the Gulf of Tehuantepec into a tropical depression. Transcribing a small clockwise loop, the system moved west-northwest. Interaction with Mexico likely played a role in its weakening as water temperatures under the system were never below 82 °F (28 °C). The system dissipated about 90 mi (145 km) south of Puerto Ángel by the morning of June 19.
Tropical Storm Carlotta
A tropical wave crossed Central America on June 26, creating an area of thunderstorms just inside the tropical eastern Pacific that morning. Cyclonic turning was evident by the night of June 30 while located roughly 350 mi (565 km) south of Manzanillo as the system continued westward. Slowly turning northwest, the system was upgraded to a tropical depression early on July 1 and a tropical storm by nightfall. Maximum sustained winds increased to 60 mph (95 km/h) by noon July 3. Increasingly southwest flow aloft turned Carlotta more northward into cooler waters, causing the cyclone to regain tropical depression status on the evening of July 4, ultimately dissipating southwest of Cabo San Lucas the next evening.
Tropical Depression Seven-E
The system formed between Tropical Storm Carlotta and the Hawaiian Islands on the evening of July 2. Slowly recurving north and northeast, the system moved into cooler waters and dissipated about 100 miles (160 km) north of where it formed by the afternoon of July 3.
Hurricane Daniel
Tropical Depression Eight-E formed south of Mexico on July 7. Moving west-northwest, the cyclone slowly strengthened into a tropical storm around noon on July 8 before becoming a hurricane late in the afternoon of July 9. Daniel reached its maximum intensity of 115 mph (185 km/h) early in the morning of July 11 a few hundred miles southwest of Manzanillo, Mexico. As the storm moved westward, it slowly weakened. Daniel regained tropical storm status during the night of July 14, entering the Central Pacific Basin as a weakening tropical storm on the morning of July 16. Daniel retained tropical storm intensity for the next few days before weakening into a tropical depression about 280 mi (450 km) south southwest of the Big Island of Hawaii, being sheared by the same upper trough that caused Emilia's dissipation a few days earlier. Daniel turned northward, and on July 22, dissipated in the Alenuihaha Channel between Maui and the Big Island of Hawaii.
Tropical Storm Emilia
Tropical Depression Nine-E developed near 10.0° N 136.5° W on the morning of July 12. Intensifying, the cyclone became a tropical storm later that day. Emilia moved westward around 13 miles per hour (21 km/h) and entered the Central Pacific Basin on the night of July 12. Over the next day, the storm moved west-northwest, reaching maximum sustained winds of 65 mph (105 km/h). An upper trough to the west weakened Emilia rapidly due to vertical wind shear, and the cyclone weakened to tropical depression status early on the morning of July 15. Dissipation of the tropical depression was noted by afternoon.
Tropical Depression Ten-E
To the east of Daniel, a tropical depression formed on the evening of July 13 a few hundred miles west-southwest of Manzanillo. The system moved westward and weakened thereafter, dissipating about 200 mi (320 km) west of where it had formed by the afternoon of July 14.
Tropical Depression Eleven-E
A tropical disturbance was spotted about 650 mi (1,045 km) southwest of Acapulco on July 12. By the evening of July 15, cyclonic turning was evident and the system was upgraded to a tropical depression. Moving unsteadily to the west-northwest, the system weakened, dissipating a few hundred miles west-northwest of where it had formed.
Hurricane Fabio
The cyclone developed as a tropical depression southeast of Manzanillo on July 17. Over the next couple of days, it strengthened rapidly into a hurricane as it moved northwest, peaking in intensity with 75 mph (120 km/h) winds. Gradual weakening occurred as Fabio turned westward along the 19th parallel north into cooler waters, eventually dissipating late on July 24.
Hurricane Gilma
Tropical Depression Thirteen-E formed near 9.5°N 117°30'W and moved slightly north of west. Tropical storm status was attained near noon on July 26, and the cyclone crossed the threshold of hurricane strength late on the night of July 27. By noon on July 29, Gilma reached it maximum intensity of 125 mph (200 km/h) well to the east-southeast of Hawaii. The cyclone weakened and sped up its motion to the west-northwest, crossing into the Central Pacific Basin as a category one hurricane very early on July 30. Gilma was downgraded to a tropical storm late in the morning of July 30, and a tropical depression early on the morning of August 1 as the circulation passed 50 mi (80 km) south of South Point. The cyclone dissipated late on August 1 as it passed 200 mi (300 km) south of Kauai.
Hurricane Hector
On July 23, a tropical wave moved off the Colombian coast. The related convection moved westward at over 20 mph (30 km/h). By the evening of July 27, the system slowed its forward motion. The next evening, a tropical depression organized within the thunderstorm activity well to the south of Baja California. Strengthening continued, as Hector became a tropical storm on the morning of July 29 and a hurricane by noon on July 30. A combination of vertical wind shear and cooler waters ahead of the cyclone led to its weakening trend, which hastened on August 1. It weakened to a tropical storm on the morning of August 2 and to a depression soon thereafter while located midway between the Hawaiian Islands and southern Baja California.
Tropical Storm Iva
A tropical disturbance was discovered 300 mi (485 km) south of Acapulco on July 31. Moving west-northwest, it achieved tropical depression status that night and tropical storm status on August 2 while 800 mi (1,340 km) west-southwest of Acapulco. Northeasterly upper-level shear appears to have been Iva's nemesis, as the system weakened back into a tropical depression by the afternoon of August 3 as it turned west-southwest. The depression maintained strength for another several days before dissipating well east-southwest of Hilo, Hawaii, on the morning of August 8.
Hurricane John
Tropical Depression Sixteen-E formed on August 3 in the East Pacific between Hawaii and Mexico. The system intensified into a tropical storm by noon August 4, and a hurricane on the morning of August 5. John reached its peak intensity of 115 mph (185 km/h) as it moved into the Central Pacific Basin on August 6. Weakening commenced on August 7 due to westerly vertical wind shear caused by the semi-permanent mid-oceanic upper trough, and John weakened to a tropical storm on the night of August 8. It passed by as a tropical depression about 180 mi (290 km) south of the Island of Hawaii, and dissipated late on August 10 to the southwest of Hawaii.
Hurricane Kristy
Tropical Depression Seventeen-E formed by noon on August 8 in the East Pacific. The low moved west, intensified, and became Tropical Storm Kristy by midnight, and a hurricane by midnight on the night of August 9. Weakening as it entered the Central Pacific, Kristy regained tropical storm status late on August 10 while moving south of due west at a rapid 30 mph (48 km/h). As it slowed down and turned northwest, Kristy began to restrengthen. Hurricane intensity was reached again on the evening of August 13. By noon on August 14, the cyclone passed 250 mi (400 km) south of South Point, Hawaii. Westerly winds aloft slowed Kristy's forward motion down additionally, and Kristy weakened back into a tropical storm on August 15. Turning more to the west with the low level wind flow, the cyclone was downgraded to a tropical depression by noon on August 16 and dissipated that night southwest of Hawaii.
Tropical Storm Lane
The originating disturbance of this system emerged off San José, Costa Rica on August 4 and slowly consolidated. By the afternoon of August 8, Tropical Depression Eighteen-E developed well south of Cabo San Lucas. The next morning it had continued strengthening into a tropical storm. Maximum sustained winds reached 60 mph (97 km/h) as it continued moving west-northwest. Vertical wind shear reached Lane on August 10, which led to weakening. It weakened to a tropical depression late on August 11, but sporadic thunderstorm blowups near the center kept the system alive for another few days. Dissipation occurred on the evening of August 14 as it crossed the 140th meridian west.
Hurricane Miriam
Tropical Depression Nineteen-E formed on August 29 a couple hundred miles southwest of Manzanillo, Mexico. The depression moved west-northwestward, intensifying into a tropical storm by noon on August 30 and a hurricane by noon on August 31. Peak intensity of 90 mph (145 km/h) was attained during the early morning of September 1. For the next couple of days, Miriam remained unchanged in strength. By late on September 3, a weakening trend was realized as it passed into the Central Pacific by the afternoon of September 4. Shearing apart soon afterwards, the low moved northwest and weakened into a tropical depression well to the east of Hawaii on the morning of September 5. It drifted north, and became a nontropical low by September 6. The cyclone was last noted near 30°N 149°W, continuing its northward trek.
Tropical Storm Akoni
Tropical Depression One-C formed along the eastern end of the West Pacific monsoon trough on August 30 about 700 mi (1120 km) east of the International Dateline, well to the west-southwest of Hawaii. Moving slowly westward, the system intensified rapidly into a tropical storm by noon and was named Akoni. The name "Akoni" is an ʻokina-less spelling of ʻAkoni, which is Hawaiian for "Anthony". Maximum sustained winds increased to 60 mph (97 km/h) late on August 31 as Akoni moved near the ship Nana Lolo a few hundred miles east of the International Dateline. An upper trough to the northwest set Akoni on a weakening curve, and the cyclone diminished to a tropical depression on the evening of September 1 as it moved with the low level flow. The weakening depression passed the International Dateline into the western Pacific on the morning of September 2. Akoni was the first storm to receive a name from the modern Central Pacific tropical cyclone naming list.
Hurricane Norman
Northeasterly shear slowed the development of the initial tropical depression which formed into Norman. Strengthening began in earnest on September 11, and the cyclone became a tropical storm, and then a hurricane by early on September 13. Maximum sustained winds reached nearly 95 mph (153 km/h) by September 15. A mid-latitude trough dug in from the north, weakening the ridge north of Norman and leading to a northward motion. Increased vertical wind shear and cooler waters weakened the hurricane, with dissipation occurring just west of Baja California on September 18. On September 17 and 18, moisture from Norman brought scattered rain to California and Arizona.
Tropical Depression Twenty-One-E
A tropical depression formed well east-southeast of Hawaii late on September 10. Moving over cooler waters soon after formation, the depression dissipated by the next evening near 14°N 134°W.
Tropical Storm Ema
An area of convection formed near 15°N 140°W and by September 15, a tropical depression had formed within the thunderstorm activity. Strengthening as it moved slowly north-northeast, the cyclone became a tropical storm late that day. Ema became stationary between the morning of September 16 and September 17 before resuming its north-northeast heading. Its peak intensity was 45 mph (72 km/h). Upper-level shear weakened the system into a tropical depression by noon on September 18. As it crossed the 140th meridian west back into the eastern Pacific near the 20th parallel north, the depression dissipated.
Tropical Storm Hana
An area of thunderstorms stewed south of the Hawaiian Islands for several days. By September 15, it had organized into Tropical Depression Three-C, and quickly became a tropical storm that afternoon. The cyclone moved north-northwest for a day before slowing to a crawl for the next day. The cyclone turned southwest and weakened into a tropical depression due to vertical wind shear. It dissipated southwest of Hawaii near 13°N 162°W late on September 18.
Hurricane Olivia
Ship reports indicated that a tropical depression had formed about 400 miles (640 km) south-southwest of Acapulco around noon on September 18. The system drifted north-northwest, developing into a tropical storm that night. About 24 hours later, Olivia became a hurricane. Rapid intensification continued, and Olivia reached its peak intensity of 145 mph (230 km/h) winds around noon September 21, becoming the strongest storm of the season. The next day, waters under the tropical cyclone began to cool as the hurricane gained increasing latitude offshore Mexico. By noon on September 23, the cyclone had weakened into a tropical storm west of Baja California. Strong southwest flow to its north spread precipitation through the western United States into southwest Canada. The cyclone weakened to a tropical depression about 500 miles (800 km) southwest of San Diego and the surface low was last seen dissipating on September 25 about 250 miles (400 km) west-southwest of San Diego.
The heavy rain in California wiped out half of the raisin crop, a quarter of the wine crop, and a tenth of the tomato crop. Olivia's remnants brought rain totals of over 7 inches (177 mm) to California and northern Utah as they interacted with a strong upper level system and the local topography. The precipitation from this storm largely contributed to the record monthly precipitation in Salt Lake City, Utah, of 7.04 in (179 mm). These rains resulted in widespread losses, mainly from agriculture, amounting to $325 million (1982 USD).
Hurricane Paul
The precursor disturbance to Paul originated from an area of low barometric pressure and disorganized thunderstorms, which was first noted near the Pacific coast of Nicaragua on September 15. Five days later, the EPHC classified it as Tropical Depression Twenty-Two. The depression turned northward and then moved inland near the El Salvador–Guatemala border, and dissipated overland. The remains of the depression retraced westward back over the open waters of the Pacific, briefly regenerating into a tropical depression. The depression again degenerated into an open trough on September 22. Two days later, Paul regenerated for the third time. It gradually organized into a tropical storm at 0000 UTC September 25. Two days later, Paul became a hurricane and turned north. As the storm neared Baja California Sur, it reached Category 2 intensity. On September 29, the hurricane crossed Baja California Sur at peak intensity. After weakening slightly inland, Paul made its final landfall near Los Mochis before rapidly dissipating overland.The tropical depression that later became Paul produced the worst natural disaster in El Salvador since 1965. A total of 761 people were killed 312 of which occurred in San Salvador, which also sustained the worst damage. About 25,000–30,000 people were left homeless. Much of San Salvador was submerged by flood waters of up to 8 ft (2.4 m) high, and even after their recession hundreds of homes remained buried under trees, debris, and 10 ft (3.0 m) of mud. In all, property damage from the storm amounted to $100 million (1982 US$) in the country; economic losses were estimated at $280 million (1982 USD). Crop damage was worth $250 million.In Guatemala, widespread catastrophic floods claimed 615 lives and left 668 others missing. More than 10,000 people were left homeless as The 200 communities were isolated from surrounding areas. Overall, economic losses of $100 million (1982 USD) were reported in the country. In Nicaragua, Paul killed 71 people and caused $356 million (1982 USD) in economic losses. Throughout southern Mexico, floods from the precursor depression to Paul killed another 225 people. Prior to landfall in the state of Baja California Sur, 50,000 people were evacuated. Furthermore, wind gusts estimated at 120 mph (195 km/h) swept through San José del Cabo, causing property damage and subsequently leaving 9,000 homeless. Despite extensive damage, no deaths were reported in the Baja California Peninsula wake of Paul. In northern Mexico, the greatest damage occurred 70 miles (110 km) south of Los Mochis in the city of Guamuchil; a total of 24 people were killed by the storm statewide, although it produced beneficial rains over the region. Agricultural damage was severe in the state of Sinaloa, with up to 40 percent of the soybean crop destroyed. In all, the state's corn production was down by 26 percent from the previous year. Total storm damage in Mexico amounted to $4.5 billion (1982 MXN; $70 million USD). The remnants of Paul moved into the United States, producing heavy rainfall in southern New Mexico and extreme West Texas. Inclement weather was observed as far inland as the Great Plains.
Tropical Storm Rosa
A well-organized tropical depression formed in the Gulf of Tehuantepec on September 30. Moving slowly northwest, the system became a tropical storm, reaching maximum sustained winds of 50 mph (80 km/h) on the afternoon of October 2. The system slowly weakened as it moved northwest, and Rosa brushed the Pacific coast of Mexico as a dissipating depression.
Hurricane Sergio
A tropical disturbance was noted southwest of Costa Rica on October 12. Moving west-northwest, the system organized into a tropical depression as it crossed the 91st meridian west late on October 13 and became a tropical storm by October 14 as it entered the Gulf of Tehuantepec. It strengthened into a hurricane late that day as it passed 95°W. By the afternoon of October 17, Sergio was packing sustained winds of 120 mph (190 km/h). Cooler water was reached soon afterwards, and weakening commenced. While slowly moving west, Sergio weakened to a tropical storm by the afternoon of October 21 and to a tropical depression late on October 22. The system dissipated near 19°N 133°W on the afternoon of October 23.
Tropical Storm Tara
A tropical disturbance emerged off the coast of Central America. Cyclonic turning was noted on the afternoon of October 19, and a tropical depression formed 350 miles (560 km) south of Acapulco. Staggering west-northwestward, the cyclone became a tropical storm by the morning of the October 22. Maximum sustained winds increased to 50 mph (80 km/h) late on October 24. As it moved over cooler waters on October 25, the system weakened to a tropical depression that afternoon, dissipating that night near 21°N 130°W.
Hurricane Iwa
A late-season trough of low pressure developed into a tropical depression and was subsequently upgraded into Tropical Storm Iwa. At first, the After turning to the northeast, Iwa began to slowly intensify, and on November 23, Iwa strengthened into a hurricane. Iwa reached peak winds of 90 mph (145 km/h) late on November 23. Accelerating, Iwa passed just north of the island of Kauai on November 24. After passing the island group, Iwa rapidly deteriorated; late on November 24, the hurricane degenerated into a tropical storm. On November 25, Iwa became an extratropical cyclone.Due to the hurricane's rapid motion, storm surge extended 900 feet (275 m) inland. A total of 5,800 people were evacuated in Kauai. In addition, 44 of the 45 boats at Port Allen sunk. The worst of the damage from the hurricane occurred in Poipu and in areas where there was no protective barrier reef offshore. High winds from Hurricane Iwa briefly left Kauai without power and destroyed most papaya and banyan trees. The hurricane destroyed or damaged 3,890 homes on the island. Rough seas killed a person and left four others injured in Pearl Harbor. In Oahu, damage was heaviest on the southwest side of the island. The passage of the hurricane damaged at least 6,391 homes and 21 hotels; 418 buildings, including 30 businesses, were destroyed on Oahu. In Niihau, 20 homes were destroyed and 160 were damaged.Throughout the Hawaiian island group, 20 people were treated for injuries. An estimated 500 people throughout Hawaii were left homeless due to the hurricane. At the time, Hurricane Iwa was the costliest storm to hit the state, with damage totaling $312 million (1982 USD, $946 million 2023 USD). Three days after Hurricane Iwa passed the state, Governor George Ariyoshi declared the islands of Kauai and Niihau as disaster areas with President Ronald Reagan following suit on November 28, declaring Kauai, Niihau, and Oahu as disaster areas. Furthermore, two people died in a traffic accident due to malfunctioning traffic lights. Ten years following the storm, Hurricane Iniki struck the same area.
Storm names
The following names were used for named storms that formed in the eastern Pacific in 1982. No Eastern Pacific names were retired, so it was used again in the 1988 season. This is the same list used in the 1978 season, except for Fabio, which replaced Fico. A storm was named Fabio for the first time in 1982. Names that were not assigned are marked in gray.
Four names from the Central Pacific list were used – Akoni, Ema, Hana, and Iwa. This was the very first usage for all of these names. Akoni and Ema were used again in the 2019 season.
With four names being used, this season held the record for most named storms forming in the Central Pacific, until it was surpassed by the 2015 season.
Retirement
One name was retired from the Central Pacific list after the 1982 season, Iwa. It was replaced with Io (which was later changed to Iona before its usage). Iwa is one of only four Central Pacific names to have been retired, the others being Iniki, Paka, and Ioke.
See also
List of Pacific hurricanes
Pacific hurricane season
1982 Atlantic hurricane season
1982 Pacific typhoon season
1982 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
Australian cyclone seasons: 1981–82, 1982–83
South Pacific cyclone seasons: 1981–82, 1982–83
South-West Indian Ocean cyclone seasons: 1981–82, 1982–83
Southern Hemisphere tropical cyclone seasons: 1981–82, 1982–83
References
External links
Eastern North Pacific Tropical Cyclones of 1982
Unisys Weather archive for the Eastern Pacific, 1982
CPHC Season Summary
CLASS polar orbiter satellite archive
|
Commons category
|
{
"answer_start": [
4
],
"text": [
"1982 Pacific hurricane season"
]
}
|
Jean-Marie Saget (17 March 1929 – 20 March 2020) was a French military pilot who later worked for Dassault Aviation as a test pilot from 1955 to 1989.
Biography
Saget began flying in 1946, thanks to his father's Nord Aviation Nord 1300. In 1949, he graduated from the École de l'air. After an internship in the United States, Saget acquired a pilot's license, practicing with the Beechcraft T-6 Texan II and the North American P-51 Mustang. Shortly thereafter, he joined the French Air Force.
In addition to his military and professional career, Saget was an aerobatic instructor, with over 7000 hours of flight time on the Mudry CAP 10. He served as President of the Cercle de Chasse association in Nangis and the Aéro Club Marcel Dassault Voltige. In total, he accumulated more than 20,000 flight hours on 150 types of aircraft.
Saget died on 20 March 2020 at the age of 91. His daughter is French perfumer Anne-Marie Saget.
Awards and decorations
Officer of the Legion of Honour
Commander of the Ordre national du Mérite
Aeronautical Medal
Prix Icare (1982), awarded by the Association des journalistes professionnels de l'aéronautique et de l'espace (AJPAE)
== References ==
|
occupation
|
{
"answer_start": [
121
],
"text": [
"test pilot"
]
}
|
Jean-Marie Saget (17 March 1929 – 20 March 2020) was a French military pilot who later worked for Dassault Aviation as a test pilot from 1955 to 1989.
Biography
Saget began flying in 1946, thanks to his father's Nord Aviation Nord 1300. In 1949, he graduated from the École de l'air. After an internship in the United States, Saget acquired a pilot's license, practicing with the Beechcraft T-6 Texan II and the North American P-51 Mustang. Shortly thereafter, he joined the French Air Force.
In addition to his military and professional career, Saget was an aerobatic instructor, with over 7000 hours of flight time on the Mudry CAP 10. He served as President of the Cercle de Chasse association in Nangis and the Aéro Club Marcel Dassault Voltige. In total, he accumulated more than 20,000 flight hours on 150 types of aircraft.
Saget died on 20 March 2020 at the age of 91. His daughter is French perfumer Anne-Marie Saget.
Awards and decorations
Officer of the Legion of Honour
Commander of the Ordre national du Mérite
Aeronautical Medal
Prix Icare (1982), awarded by the Association des journalistes professionnels de l'aéronautique et de l'espace (AJPAE)
== References ==
|
employer
|
{
"answer_start": [
476
],
"text": [
"French Air Force"
]
}
|
Jean-Marie Saget (17 March 1929 – 20 March 2020) was a French military pilot who later worked for Dassault Aviation as a test pilot from 1955 to 1989.
Biography
Saget began flying in 1946, thanks to his father's Nord Aviation Nord 1300. In 1949, he graduated from the École de l'air. After an internship in the United States, Saget acquired a pilot's license, practicing with the Beechcraft T-6 Texan II and the North American P-51 Mustang. Shortly thereafter, he joined the French Air Force.
In addition to his military and professional career, Saget was an aerobatic instructor, with over 7000 hours of flight time on the Mudry CAP 10. He served as President of the Cercle de Chasse association in Nangis and the Aéro Club Marcel Dassault Voltige. In total, he accumulated more than 20,000 flight hours on 150 types of aircraft.
Saget died on 20 March 2020 at the age of 91. His daughter is French perfumer Anne-Marie Saget.
Awards and decorations
Officer of the Legion of Honour
Commander of the Ordre national du Mérite
Aeronautical Medal
Prix Icare (1982), awarded by the Association des journalistes professionnels de l'aéronautique et de l'espace (AJPAE)
== References ==
|
award received
|
{
"answer_start": [
952
],
"text": [
"Officer of the Legion of Honour"
]
}
|
Jean-Marie Saget (17 March 1929 – 20 March 2020) was a French military pilot who later worked for Dassault Aviation as a test pilot from 1955 to 1989.
Biography
Saget began flying in 1946, thanks to his father's Nord Aviation Nord 1300. In 1949, he graduated from the École de l'air. After an internship in the United States, Saget acquired a pilot's license, practicing with the Beechcraft T-6 Texan II and the North American P-51 Mustang. Shortly thereafter, he joined the French Air Force.
In addition to his military and professional career, Saget was an aerobatic instructor, with over 7000 hours of flight time on the Mudry CAP 10. He served as President of the Cercle de Chasse association in Nangis and the Aéro Club Marcel Dassault Voltige. In total, he accumulated more than 20,000 flight hours on 150 types of aircraft.
Saget died on 20 March 2020 at the age of 91. His daughter is French perfumer Anne-Marie Saget.
Awards and decorations
Officer of the Legion of Honour
Commander of the Ordre national du Mérite
Aeronautical Medal
Prix Icare (1982), awarded by the Association des journalistes professionnels de l'aéronautique et de l'espace (AJPAE)
== References ==
|
family name
|
{
"answer_start": [
11
],
"text": [
"Saget"
]
}
|
Jean-Marie Saget (17 March 1929 – 20 March 2020) was a French military pilot who later worked for Dassault Aviation as a test pilot from 1955 to 1989.
Biography
Saget began flying in 1946, thanks to his father's Nord Aviation Nord 1300. In 1949, he graduated from the École de l'air. After an internship in the United States, Saget acquired a pilot's license, practicing with the Beechcraft T-6 Texan II and the North American P-51 Mustang. Shortly thereafter, he joined the French Air Force.
In addition to his military and professional career, Saget was an aerobatic instructor, with over 7000 hours of flight time on the Mudry CAP 10. He served as President of the Cercle de Chasse association in Nangis and the Aéro Club Marcel Dassault Voltige. In total, he accumulated more than 20,000 flight hours on 150 types of aircraft.
Saget died on 20 March 2020 at the age of 91. His daughter is French perfumer Anne-Marie Saget.
Awards and decorations
Officer of the Legion of Honour
Commander of the Ordre national du Mérite
Aeronautical Medal
Prix Icare (1982), awarded by the Association des journalistes professionnels de l'aéronautique et de l'espace (AJPAE)
== References ==
|
given name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Jean-Marie"
]
}
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.