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stringlengths 1
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "80118",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Around the Internet, \"When you have completed 95 percent of your journey, you\nare only halfway there\" is floating around as a Japanese proverb.\n\nA [Google\nsearch](https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1CHBD_enJP903JP903&biw=2327&bih=1180&ei=3j81X5KpGcbmwQOB7rSIAQ&q=japanese+proverb+%22only+halfway+there%22&oq=japanese+proverb+%22only+halfway+there%22&gs_lcp=CgZwc3ktYWIQA1CJGFiiG2CnHGgAcAB4AIABdIgBiwWSAQMwLjaYAQCgAQGqAQdnd3Mtd2l6wAEB&sclient=psy-\nab&ved=0ahUKEwiSkL6upJjrAhVGc3AKHQE3DREQ4dUDCAw&uact=5) for `Japanese proverb\n\"only halfway there\"` gives 12,000+ hits and several Instagram-ready quote\nphotos. None of the first 100 hits cite a Japanese source.\n\nWhat is the actual proverb in Japanese?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-13T13:28:58.863",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80114",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-13T16:58:43.923",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1324",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"proverbs"
],
"title": "Proverb? \"When you have completed 95 percent of your journey, you are only halfway there.\"",
"view_count": 415
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think the standard version is\n[百里を行く者は九十を半ばとす](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/%E7%99%BE%E9%87%8C%E3%82%92%E8%A1%8C%E3%81%8F%E8%80%85%E3%81%AF%E4%B9%9D%E5%8D%81%E3%82%92%E5%8D%8A%E3%81%B0%E3%81%A8%E3%81%99/)\n\"Who travels a hundred [_li_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_\\(unit\\)) calls\nninety a half\", because this is the original form attested in [a Chinese\nchronicle](https://ctext.org/zhan-guo-ce/wei-qin-wang#n49690).\n\nThere is another quote from a Japanese writer [Ryūnosuke\nAkutagawa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ry%C5%ABnosuke_Akutagawa), which says\n[百里の半ばを九十九里とする](https://www.aozora.gr.jp/cards/000879/files/43751_27955.html)\n\"assumes the half of a hundred _li_ to be ninety-nine _li_ \".\n\nEither way, I could not find an exact Japanese source that tells the number\n\"95%\". And I doubt that it exists.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-13T16:58:43.923",
"id": "80118",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-13T16:58:43.923",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7810",
"parent_id": "80114",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
80114
|
80118
|
80118
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80126",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "For example, what is the difference between these sentences?:\n\n日本は神社が多い。 \n日本に多い神社があります。 \n\nDon't they both mean \"There are many shrines in Japan\"?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-13T15:31:33.560",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80116",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-25T14:39:33.693",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-25T14:39:33.693",
"last_editor_user_id": "22352",
"owner_user_id": "39993",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"particle-は",
"particle-が"
],
"title": "What is the difference between XはYが and XにYがあります?",
"view_count": 303
}
|
[
{
"body": "日本は神社が多い。 \n日本に多い神社があります。\n\nThe two are not the same.\n\n日本に多い神社があります is very unnatural（It hardly makes sense）.\n\n日本には多くの神社があります is natural.\n\n日本は神社が多い。 \n日本には多くの神社があります。\n\nare almost the same.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-13T15:37:56.383",
"id": "80117",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-13T15:45:48.780",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-13T15:45:48.780",
"last_editor_user_id": "10086",
"owner_user_id": "10086",
"parent_id": "80116",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "> 日本は神社が多い。 \n> 日本には多くの神社があります。\n\nI copied these sentences from the other answer, who was correct to point out\nthe grammar errors. There is, however a difference in meaning between these\ntwo sentences. In written, concise English, you may get the same translation\nfor these sentences, but they are not the same thing in Japanese. To put is\nsimply, it's a matter of what is being emphasized. I'll keep my answer focused\non the difference between は and には. If you have other questions about grammar,\nplease feel free to ask in the comments to this answer.\n\n* * *\n\nは functions as the Japanese topic marker. This is distinct from the subject,\nin that it is a little less for specific. You'll encounter the peculiarities\nof this when studying the difference between は and が, but [I'll leave that to\nothers to explain it to\nyou](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/22/whats-the-difference-\nbetween-wa-%E3%81%AF-and-ga-%E3%81%8C). To keep this short, you can treat は as\nsaying, \"as for ___.\"\n\nSo when we deconstruct the first sentence, 日本は神社が多い, we get: `Japan (topic)\nshrines (subject) are numerous.` The verb appears left off, as it is actually\npart of the adjective 多い, but we can safely say that it is 'to be.' To put it\nin more natural English that closely mirrors the Japanese, we would get:\n\n> As for Japan, there are numerous shrines.\n\nBecause of the use of は, we are not making a comparison to any other countries\nor regions. We are only commenting that there are many shines in Japan.\n\n* * *\n\nには is actually a combination of two particles. In this case, に indicates a\nplace of existence (there are many other meanings for this particle), and は\nfunctions similarly to what we previously discussed. In many cases, に can be\ntranslated to 'in,' but it is not a 1 to 1 translation.\n\nSo what's the topic of this sentence? Believe it or not, it's actually 日本に. So\nbreaking down the second sentence '日本には多くの神社があります', we get: `In Japan (topic),\nnumerous shrines (subject) exist.` In more natural English, we get:\n\n> In Japan, there exist numerous shrines.\n\n* * *\n\nBecause these sentences are so similar in translation, frequently the more\nconcise translation: `There are many shrines in Japan.` It's not uncommon for\nsubtleties of the Japanese language to be lost in translation.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-13T20:41:38.773",
"id": "80126",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-14T04:35:51.203",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-14T04:35:51.203",
"last_editor_user_id": "22352",
"owner_user_id": "22352",
"parent_id": "80116",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
},
{
"body": "Consider what would change in the meanings if we left out 日本.\n\nOriginally, we have 日本は神社が多い。 日本には多くの神社があります。\n\nAfter we take out 日本、\n\n神社が多い。\n\nShrines (are) numerous.\n\n多くの神社があります。\n\n(There) exist numerous shrines.\n\nBecause が is used to identify something, the subtle difference is that in the\nfirst sentence, we're identifying shrines as the things that are numerous (in\nJapan). The second sentence identifies something existing in Japan. Numerous\nshrines exist in Japan.\n\nIt may be easier to understand the subtlety by leading these sentences with\nquestions. \"What is numerous in Japan?\" and \"What's in Japan?\" would work well\nto lead these, respectively. However, after leading with those questions,\nJapan is already known as the topic, so the sentences I gave, without\nmentioning Japan, would likely be used so as not to repeat the context.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-13T23:57:00.563",
"id": "80128",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-13T23:57:00.563",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "39998",
"parent_id": "80116",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
80116
|
80126
|
80126
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80122",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I would like to know what does あえて exactly mean: to dare to do sth (like\n思い切って)? On purpose (like わざと)? Another meaning?\n\nIn jisho.org, seeing the definitions and example sentences, it supposedly\nmeans 1. to dare to / 2, on purpose, but on the Internet I've found sentences\nwhere these two meanings don't match, like this one: 「ごめん、あえて終電逃した。」\n\nIf translated:\n\n\"I'm sorry, I dared to lose the last train.\"\n\nOr\n\n\"I'm sorry, I lost the last train on purpose.\"\n\nIt doesn't make much sense to me.\n\nOr for example, in this another sentence: あえて電気をつけるほどの暗さではない。(It is not so\ndark as to turn on the lights.), what function has あえて?\n\nCould you please tell me how many meanings has あえて and give me an example\nsentence for each meaning?\n\nThank you so much in advance for your help!",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-13T17:52:04.103",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80119",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-14T00:33:00.060",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29677",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words"
],
"title": "What does あえて mean?",
"view_count": 701
}
|
[
{
"body": "The most common meaning of あえて is 'dare to' whereby someone expresses some\nkind of desire while acknowledging there could be some adverse consequences.\n\n> 部長は **あえて** 社長に反対意見を述べた。The department head dared to express his opposing\n> view to the company president.\n\nIt can also have a nuance of 'force myself to do something'. Your example is\nin line with that meaning.\n\n> **あえて** 電気をつけるほどの暗さではない。It's not so dark as to have to bother myself with\n> turning on the light.\n\nAs for あえて終電逃した, the context is needed. Is it someone defying an order to get\nthe last train, for example? Maybe it's an apologetic husband who 'dared' to\nstay out drinking late or something. It depends on what came before it.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-13T19:05:23.250",
"id": "80122",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-13T19:05:23.250",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25875",
"parent_id": "80119",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
},
{
"body": "As for the explanation, I think the description on the page you are referring\nto is sufficient.\n\n(Please list the pages you refer to in the question, not in the comments)\n\n[「わざと」「わざわざ」「あえて」の違い | 毎日のんびり日本語教師](https://nihongonosensei.net/?p=6908)\n\n>\n> 本来する必要のないことを意図的に行う点は「わざわざ」と同じですが、「あえて」の場合はそれをすると何らかの困難や危険が伴います。しかし、それでも本人はそうするべきだと思っているときに使います。\n\n> 困難や危険とは、それをすることによって他人の反感を買ったり、非難されたり、あるいはそもそもその動作やりにくいなどです。\n> 自分の考え方や主張が強く表れる表現です。\n\nHere's the most important part:\n\n * それでも本人はそうするべきだと思っているときに使います\n * 自分の考え方や主張が強く表れる表現です\n\n* * *\n\nHere's the difference between わざわざ and あえて:\n\n * 「わざわざ」と同じですが、「あえて」の場合はそれをすると何らかの困難や危険が伴います\n\nIt is unlikely that there will be any danger in turning on the lights in our\ndaily lives. So **あえて** 電気をつけるほどの暗さではない is more natural for **わざわざ**\n電気をつけるほどの暗さではない.\n\nIf you're using **あえて** , the situation could be a cave or something, and you\nmight be risking your life in some way because of the brightness (e.g., being\nattacked by a monster that found the lights)\n\n(Even if it's not so dangerous, though, sometimes it's あえて instead of わざわざ. I\nthink it's a pretty small case. For example, maybe he(or she) thinks that\ngetting up from his(or her) chair to turn on the lights will shorten his(or\nher) life span a little bit.)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-13T23:50:34.260",
"id": "80127",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-14T00:33:00.060",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-14T00:33:00.060",
"last_editor_user_id": "10086",
"owner_user_id": "10086",
"parent_id": "80119",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80119
|
80122
|
80122
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "The romantic phrase \"you're my home,\" I was wondering how you would translate\nthat into Japanese using someone's name? More specifically, how to say \"Mya's\nhome\" & \"Nathan's home\" in Japanese, but less like a literal house and more\nlike what is meant when people say they are \"home,\" whether or not it is a\ncountry, state, or even with a person. _Note: I mean Mya's and Nathan's\npossessively, not Mya is/Nathan is._ We were going with ネイサンズホーム and ミャスホーム\nbut I was told that the word for home/house needed to be in hiragana not\nkatagana and the syntax is wrong. However, I was never told the correct way to\nsay it, so I am looking for extra guidance, thanks!",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-13T19:47:15.593",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80124",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-13T19:47:15.593",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "39997",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"syntax",
"names",
"english-to-japanese",
"possession"
],
"title": "How to say someone's (possessive) home in Japanese?",
"view_count": 251
}
|
[] |
80124
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "New learner of two weeks. Noticed in my software course after hours of using\nit that the い seems to never pronounced or maybe I don't hear it? Is this a\nrule that when reading only \"mas\" should be heard?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-14T00:36:10.140",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80129",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-14T01:16:17.970",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "39744",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"pronunciation"
],
"title": "Are you supposed to not pronounce the \"い\" in います when reading out sentences or speaking?",
"view_count": 97
}
|
[
{
"body": "Why did you think that? It's impossible not to pronounce it.\n\nPlease pronounce it.\n\n* * *\n\nそこにいます。\n\nin Romaji: sokoni imasu.\n\nPerhaps it's hard to hear for foreigners when they are sequential, like\n\"に（ni）\" and \"い（i）\".\n\nBut, being Japanese, I think I'm pronouncing it. It never sounds like it's\nmissing.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-14T00:40:51.783",
"id": "80130",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-14T01:16:17.970",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-14T01:16:17.970",
"last_editor_user_id": "10086",
"owner_user_id": "10086",
"parent_id": "80129",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
80129
| null |
80130
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I know that 笑/草/w are just different ways to type out \"haha\" or \"LOL\", but is\nthere a nuance between using which one? In English, \"haha\" is more casual and\nlaid-back while \"LOL\" is a more energetic and chaotic laugh. What's the nuance\nfor the Japanese slang?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-14T03:42:12.250",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80131",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-15T13:53:58.087",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "37123",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"internet-slang"
],
"title": "Is 笑 more like \"LOL\" or \"haha\"?",
"view_count": 1881
}
|
[
{
"body": "笑{わら}い means \"laughter\" and 笑{え}み means \"smile\". When used like this\nspecifically with brackets (笑) it's short for laughing on social media,\nsimilar to LOL, in that refers to the meaning of laughing not the sound.\n\nSince 笑{わら}い is reads as \"Warai\" it's become casual to write \"www\" for\nlaughter. This looks like grass so (草) using 草{くさ} can be used in place of\n(笑). Variations like \"field\" (大草原{だいそうげん}) are also used. It's a fun internet\nculture, wordplay is popular in Japanese humour since there are many\nhomophones.\n\nFor the sound there are many 擬声語{ぎせいご} Japanese onomatopeia くすくす or ハハハ. Using\nthese is common in manga or variety shows.\n\nI wouldn't read much into the difference in meaning. That depends on culture\nand the individual. In my opinion, there is not much difference in emphasis,\nmeaning, or usage in English either. This is subjective and out-of-scope of\nStackExchange but hopefully this vocabulary and kanji helps to understand how\nit's used in Japanese.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-14T06:25:33.600",
"id": "80133",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-14T07:50:02.053",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-14T07:50:02.053",
"last_editor_user_id": "14608",
"owner_user_id": "14608",
"parent_id": "80131",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "笑 is the oldest. 笑 was used before the advent of the Internet.\n\nEven today, this is probably the most common way for interviews to appear in\nmagazines and other publications as [Jimmy\ncommented](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/80131/is-%E7%AC%91-more-\nlike-lol-or-haha/80134#comment130659_80134).\n\nBasically, the Internet became popular in Japan in around 1995（This is after\nthe release of windows95）.\n\nThere are a lot of typing in 笑. So, I don't know who started it, but they took\nthe first letter of \"wara\" and started to use \"w\".\n\nThe number of \"w\" is a good way to express how funny it is.\n\n * いいねw\n * おもしろいwww\n\n\"w\" was initially used only by people who were interested in the Internet and\nhad a small presence (mainly in chat rooms)\n\nBy the way, I was a college student studying computer science when \"w\" started\nbeing used. It was a special feeling to use \"w\" to chat and talk to my\nfriends. I feel like I'm on the cutting edge of a tool\nLOL（訳:最先端のツールを使いこなしている気分でしたwww）. It's a little after 2000.\n\nOver time, the expression \"草生える（growing grass）\" started to be used because the\nappearance of the \"www\" looks like grass.\n\nBy the way, I see \"草\" a lot these days, but I'm not a young man anymore, so I\ndon't know how to use it well.\n\nJust don't forget the purpose: the arrival of \"w\" is to reduce the number of\ntypes. In \"草(kusa)\", the number of types has increased again! So I think \"w\"\nis still the most popular choice for chatting.\n\nI don't think \"草\" is a substitute for \"w\" in all cases.\n\nI used to type \"www\" instead of \"面白いね！\" when someone said something funny. but\nnow I see that sometimes they return \"草\" instead of \"www\".\n\nOften I see \"草\" used in a critical sense rather than a funny sense.\n\n * ミスをしたのに開き直るのは草（批判的な\"おかしい\"の意味）\n\nIf you do a search on \"開き直ってて草\", you'll find examples of it being used.\n\nIncidentally, the one that was in similar usage before \"草\" came along is\n\"ﾜﾛﾀ\". (In most cases, half-width characters are used.)\n\n * ミスをしたのに開き直るのはﾜﾛﾀ（批判的な\"おかしい\"の意味）\n\n\"ﾜﾛﾀ\" was also used when it was really funny, just like \"草\".\n\nIn addition to \"ﾜﾛﾀ\", \"ﾜﾛｽ\" was also used.\n\nThere are tons of these types of variations.\n\nIt's in Japanese, but if you're interested in more, you might find the\nfollowing resources interesting.\n\n * [ネット上にまだ「草が生えていなかった」頃の話 - ITmedia PC USER](https://www.itmedia.co.jp/pcuser/articles/1608/22/news031.html)\n * [SNSなどネット用語の「草」ってなに？ その表現で年齢がバレるって知ってた？ - OTONA LIFE | オトナライフ - OTONA LIFE | オトナライフ](https://otona-life.com/2019/06/09/13387/)",
"comment_count": 9,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-14T10:31:45.373",
"id": "80134",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-15T13:53:58.087",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-15T13:53:58.087",
"last_editor_user_id": "10086",
"owner_user_id": "10086",
"parent_id": "80131",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
80131
| null |
80134
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "For current time the Kanji 今{いま} for \"now\" can always used. Why is it that\nKanji for previous (去 / 昨 / 先) and next (来 / 明) times are different and have\nirregular readings? In some cases it is incorrect to use the other Kanji. Is\nthere a historical or linguistic reason for this?\n\n> . year month week day night\n>\n> last 去年{きょねん} ／ 昨年{さくねん} 先月{せんげつ} 先週{せんしゅう} 昨日{きのう} 昨晩{さくばん} / 前夜{ぜんや}\n>\n> this 今年{ことし} 今月{こんげつ} 今週{こんしゅう} 今日{きょう} / 本日{ほんじつ} 今晩{こんばん}\n>\n> next 来年{らいねん} ／ 明年{みょうねん} 来月{らいげつ} 来週{らいしゅう} 明日{あした} / 明日{あす} 明夜{みょうや}",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-14T04:55:02.623",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80132",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-14T08:33:17.237",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-14T08:33:17.237",
"last_editor_user_id": "14608",
"owner_user_id": "14608",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"words",
"kanji",
"time",
"irregularities-exceptions"
],
"title": "Why are some terms for relative time irregular?",
"view_count": 110
}
|
[] |
80132
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80148",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Let's take the following situation as an example: After having driven a car\nfor 20 years without any problems, someone is one day involved in a horrible\ncar crash. They then might think to themselves:「もう二度と運転しない。」\n\nIf we take the 二度と literally, the drive where the crash occurred would be\ncounted as the \"first\" time driving, and the hypothetical next drive after the\ncrash would be the \"second\" time driving.\n\nHere's my question: If we change the example in such a way that the person is\nnot directly involved in the crash anymore but instead just witnesses it while\nwalking nearby, could that person still say 「もう二度と運転しない。」? What I'm getting at\nis that there would be no clear cut \"first time\" to base that \"second time\" on\nbecause the person wasn't driving at the time of the crash and surely in 20\nyears, that person has driven more than just once.\n\nOr am I overthinking all of this and it's just a fixed expression that\nshouldn't be taken literally?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-14T13:38:04.373",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80135",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-14T23:08:47.573",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33212",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"expressions"
],
"title": "Can 二度と～ない be taken literally?",
"view_count": 75
}
|
[
{
"body": "Yes, I think you're overthinking. 二度と～しない is a fixed expression that means\n\"never do ～ again\", and people who say this don't think about which event is\ncounted as the first or the second. Saying もう二度と運転しない is fine regardless of\nwhether the speaker was directly involved in an accident. We never say 三度としない\nanyway.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-14T23:08:47.573",
"id": "80148",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-14T23:08:47.573",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80135",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
80135
|
80148
|
80148
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80147",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I would like to know what does 歯が欠ける mean: Lacking teeth? Broken teeth?\n\nContext: 人の幸せを素直に喜べないやつ理解出来なさすぎて、また歯が欠けた。\n\nMy translation:\n\nI can't barely understand people who cannot honestly be glad for other's\nhappiness, 「???」.\n\nHow would you translate the expression 歯が欠ける?\n\nThank you so much in advance for your help!",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-14T15:38:21.850",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80136",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-14T22:54:05.183",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29677",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"words",
"expressions"
],
"title": "What does 歯が欠ける mean?",
"view_count": 91
}
|
[
{
"body": "This is not an idiom, and また歯が欠けた means \"my tooth was chipped again (because I\nclenched my theeth)\". Although I haven't seen something like this before, I\ncan imagine this person said this to express his uncontrollable frustration.\nPerhaps this is an exaggerated joke, and he did not chipped his tooth in\nreality.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-14T22:54:05.183",
"id": "80147",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-14T22:54:05.183",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80136",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80136
|
80147
|
80147
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80139",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "While many parents are putting money aside for college tuition, some are\ntaking on another big expense: buying cars for their teenagers.\n\n(大学の授業料のためにお金をためている親は多いの **に対し** 、10代の子供のために車を買うなどそれ以外にも多額の出費をしている親もいる)\n\nJohn is quiet where his sister is lively. (ジョンが物静かであるの **に対して** 、彼の妹は活発だ)\n\n二つは何の違いがありますか？",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-14T16:59:48.310",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80137",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-14T17:24:57.537",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30406",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-usage"
],
"title": "「に対し 」と「に対して」の違い？",
"view_count": 61
}
|
[
{
"body": "Both `に対し` and `に対して` mean the same thing ('in contrast to', 'whereas', etc),\nbut they differ in tone. Stylistically, `に対し` is more formal than `に対して` and\nis more likely to be used in written Japanese or formal styles of speech.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-14T17:24:57.537",
"id": "80139",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-14T17:24:57.537",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25875",
"parent_id": "80137",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80137
|
80139
|
80139
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80146",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "When studying the famous song 君がくれたもの, I came across the following line:\n\nああ、花火が夜空綺麗に咲いて......\n\nWhile trying to understand this line grammatically, I realize although it\nmeans “fireworks bloomed beautifully in the night sky,” the 夜空 is not used\nwith に to mark a place. The に in the sentence is paired with 綺麗 to make 綺麗 and\nadverb(so it doesn’t go with 夜空). When I look up 夜空, almost all examples use\n夜空に to say “in the night sky”. So, given this could not possibly be a mistake,\nis there a grammatical point I don’t understand or is the に left out for\nlyrical purposes?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-14T17:09:42.843",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80138",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-14T23:03:34.177",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "39855",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particles",
"particle-に"
],
"title": "Can places be used without に?",
"view_count": 88
}
|
[
{
"body": "It is usually used with \"に\". This is a song and cutting it off for some\nreason.\n\nIt feels like an `体言止め` to me.\n\nBut it's not the end of a sentence, so it may not be exactly `体言止め`.\n\nWe learn about `体言止め` in Japan around junior high school. `体言止め` is a common\ntechnique used in haiku（俳句）.\n\n`体言止め` is to end a sentence with a noun.\n\nLet me quote something that sounds like it.\n\n * [体言止めを使ってみよう！ | わかば国語・作文教室](https://ameblo.jp/wakaba-sakubun/entry-11577525465.html)\n\n> 【体言止めの例題】\n>\n> 問：次の文を体言止めにしてみましょう。\n>\n> あのとき見た空の青さを、僕は忘れない。\n>\n> （この文の中の名詞は３つ。 「空」「青さ」「僕」） ↓\n>\n> ○A:あのとき見た空。その青さを、僕は忘れない。\n>\n> ○B:あのとき見た空の青さ。それを僕は忘れない。\n>\n> ×C:あのとき見た空の青さを、僕。その人は忘れない。\n\nIn Japanese, ○ means OK and × means no.\n\nThe effect of `体言止め` is `余韻を残すこと`. In English, I don't know what to say.\n\nanother sample:\n\n * [文法スイスイ！ 「体言止め」が一瞬で分かる！ | 中学生の「国語」のコツ](https://www.all5.jp/subject/246.html)\n\n> ［“体言止め” の例］\n>\n> ・これが、父がくれた自転車。\n>\n> ・まあ、なんて素晴らしい青空。\n>\n> ・宿の自慢は、窓から見える美しい海岸。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-14T22:47:36.693",
"id": "80146",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-14T23:03:34.177",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-14T23:03:34.177",
"last_editor_user_id": "10086",
"owner_user_id": "10086",
"parent_id": "80138",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
80138
|
80146
|
80146
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80142",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I was listening to a song the other day when I saw this. The lyrics in\nquestion:\n\n> [帰宅]{きたく}[完了]{かんりょう}。ダウンロード[完了]{かんりょう}。[配信]{はいしん}スタート。[準備]{じゅんび}[万端]{ばんたん}。\n\nAccording to Jisho 万端 means\n\n> all； everything\n\nTo me, it makes it hard to understand why they say 準備万端 when faced with this\ndefinition. If they were to use 完了 instead would it mean the same thing?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-14T18:57:59.283",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80141",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-14T22:38:19.893",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18873",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"expressions"
],
"title": "万端 ｖｓ 完了 in this context",
"view_count": 59
}
|
[
{
"body": "準備万端 is a kind of set phrase which uses four kanji characters in a compound.\nThey are called [yojijukugo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yojijukugo) (四字熟語).\nThey are commonly used as idiomatic phrases in Japanese. You could replace it\nwith 準備完了 but it wouldn't have quite the same impact, even though the meaning\nisn't that different.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-14T19:21:17.607",
"id": "80142",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-14T19:21:17.607",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25875",
"parent_id": "80141",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "Here's what デジタル大辞泉 says about this:\n\n> ### [ばん‐たん【万端】](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/%E4%B8%87%E7%AB%AF/)\n>\n> １ ある事についてのあらゆる事柄・方法。「千緒 (せんしょ) 万端」「準備万端整う」\n>\n> ２ 俗に、すべてが整っていること。万全。「準備は万端だ」\n>\n> [補説] 2は「万端整えてある」からの誤解。\n\nAnd 明鏡国語辞典 第二版 says:\n\n> ### ばん‐たん【万端】\n>\n> 名ある物事についてのすべての事柄。また、あらゆる手段・方法。「準備━整う」「諸事━の世話をする」「家事（の）━を取り仕切る」\n>\n> 注意: 手ぬかりがない意の「万全」と混同するのは誤り。「× 警備に万端を期す（○ 万全を期す）」\n\nSo the \"correct\" meaning of 万端 is \"all/everything (about something)\", but in\nreality, 万端 often also means \"completely done/ready\" today. Some dictionaries\nstill don't mention this usage at all, and some explicitly says it's wrong.\nHowever some started to accept this usage of 万全 as a slangy derivative\nmeaning.\n\nPlease see this article from 毎日新聞's proofreading department, too:\n[準備は「万全だ」？「万端だ」？](https://mainichi-kotoba.jp/enq-014)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-14T22:33:16.763",
"id": "80145",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-14T22:38:19.893",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-14T22:38:19.893",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80141",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
80141
|
80142
|
80142
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "It is difficult to rationslise the て-form of Japanese verbs in the mind of a\nspeaker of an Indoeuropean language because there isn't something directly\nequivalent. However, it's been a few years now that this concept popped into\nmy head that there is an implied meaning within the て-form as meaning \"in the\nstate/condition/form of\". This to me makes sense with the te iru structure:\n\n私はリンゴを食べている Literally: I exist in the state of eating an apple.\n\nI just wanted to see if this thought goes in the correct direction in relation\nto the て-form.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-14T19:25:22.537",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80143",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-14T19:25:22.537",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40005",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Is it accurate to think of the て-form as meaning \"in the state/condition/form of\"?",
"view_count": 51
}
|
[] |
80143
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "In the below how is 言葉は殴り返せない meant to be understood. Is it similar to 言い返せない,\nor is there a meaning I am missing?\n\nTo provide some context, the character is talking to her friends 咲希 and 桃\nabout the problems she is having with her boyfriend.\n\n「ビッチの正論なんて聞きたくないの」\n\n「じゃあなんで咲希のこと呼んだの！？ 帰っていい？」\n\n「帰らないで！ 桃ちゃんだけだともっと正論パンチが飛んできそうで怖いから。 **言葉は殴り返せない** から。」",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-14T20:57:47.703",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80144",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-14T22:07:16.863",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-14T22:07:16.863",
"last_editor_user_id": "39502",
"owner_user_id": "39502",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Meaning of 言葉は殴り返せない",
"view_count": 71
}
|
[] |
80144
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80150",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I saw this while reading a light novel:\n\n群衆に紛れれば一瞬で見失いそうなほど凡庸な見た目だ。が、そんな彼を見る人々の視線には『珍奇』なものでも見るような不可解な色が濃い。\n\n1. What is the purpose of が in the second sentence. Does it replace the subject from the previous sentence?\n\n2. Why is 珍奇 quoted? And what does the なものでも mean after that?\n\nThanks!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-15T01:04:14.057",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80149",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-15T01:22:12.413",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "39936",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Grammar help from light novel",
"view_count": 92
}
|
[
{
"body": "1. The first が at the beginning the second sentence is just \"But\" or \"However\". The second が after 色 is a subject marker. (i.e., (such-and-such)不可解な色 is 濃い).\n 2. These brackets are not for a quote but for an emphasis. でも is \"or something\" or \"something like ～\" (See: [Meaning of \"でも\" in \"食事でもどうですか？\"](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/21519/5010)). 珍奇なものでも literally means \"strange thing or something\".\n\n> 群衆に紛れれば一瞬で見失いそうなほど凡庸な見た目だ。が、そんな彼を見る人々の視線には **『珍奇』なものでも見る** ような不可解な色が濃い。\n>\n> His appearance is so ordinary that if he were to blend in with the crowd, it\n> would be easy to lose him in an instant. However, the people who look at him\n> have a deep sense of mystery in their eyes, as if they are looking at\n> something \"strange\".\n\n(This translation is by\n[DeepL翻訳](https://www.deepl.com/translator#ja/en/%E7%BE%A4%E8%A1%86%E3%81%AB%E7%B4%9B%E3%82%8C%E3%82%8C%E3%81%B0%E4%B8%80%E7%9E%AC%E3%81%A7%E8%A6%8B%E5%A4%B1%E3%81%84%E3%81%9D%E3%81%86%E3%81%AA%E3%81%BB%E3%81%A9%E5%87%A1%E5%BA%B8%E3%81%AA%E8%A6%8B%E3%81%9F%E7%9B%AE%E3%81%A0%E3%80%82%E3%81%8C%E3%80%81%E3%81%9D%E3%82%93%E3%81%AA%E5%BD%BC%E3%82%92%E8%A6%8B%E3%82%8B%E4%BA%BA%E3%80%85%E3%81%AE%E8%A6%96%E7%B7%9A%E3%81%AB%E3%81%AF%E3%80%8E%E7%8F%8D%E5%A5%87%E3%80%8F%E3%81%AA%E3%82%82%E3%81%AE%E3%81%A7%E3%82%82%E8%A6%8B%E3%82%8B%E3%82%88%E3%81%86%E3%81%AA%E4%B8%8D%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%A3%E3%81%AA%E8%89%B2%E3%81%8C%E6%BF%83%E3%81%84%E3%80%82)\nbut I found this actually very good)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-15T01:22:12.413",
"id": "80150",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-15T01:22:12.413",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80149",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80149
|
80150
|
80150
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I want to set my username as glorious and google translate gave me 栄光の and I\nwant to ask if it will make sense to write it alone or does it have to be\nwritten with a sentence",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-15T01:54:13.087",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80151",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-15T02:01:53.063",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40007",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"adjectives"
],
"title": "栄光の Glorious as a username does it make sense?",
"view_count": 77
}
|
[
{
"body": "It does have to be written with a sentence. The third character, の, is a\nJapanese particle which is similar in purpose to the English preposition \"of\".\n栄光の comes off as **\" of glory\"** rather than \"glorious\". (You can read about\nthe grammar [here](https://www.tofugu.com/japanese/na-adjectives-no-\nadjectives/).) 栄光 without の means \"glory\", which would usually look more\nnatural as a username.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-15T02:01:53.063",
"id": "80152",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-15T02:01:53.063",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80151",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80151
| null |
80152
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80155",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 実のある話はしないことにしています。 I'm not going to tell you anything substantive.\n\nI found this in a bio of an author. after finding the meaning with the help of\nan auto-translator I had a several questions,\n\n * I think 実のある話 is a set expression but does it make sense grammatically? my problem is specifically with 実のある. I remembered that the の particle can replace an unidentified noun after an adjective so that we can talk about a general noun in a sentence; like for example `白いのは好き。` is something similar happening here?\n\n * why is particles は used along the verb しない here? the use of は implies that there’s an action taken place that has to do with 実のある話. and that action should be talking, right? so why is しない used here instead of any other verb that conveys the meaning of talking; the first thing I can think of being 言う?\n\n * why did he chose to put it this way? this is the part that confuses me the most. why not just say for example:\n\n> 実のある話のことを言いません\n\nhe used しないこと just so that he can later say しています which sounds extremely odd\nto me. does 実のある話はしないこと imply a more specific meaning?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-15T11:15:38.773",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80153",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-15T14:49:21.307",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-15T14:49:21.307",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "39807",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"particle-は",
"particle-の"
],
"title": "please help me break down this confusing sentence involving the usage of は and の particle and also ことにする",
"view_count": 111
}
|
[
{
"body": "That machine-translation is correct.\n\n * の after 実 is a **subject marker**. This 実のある is the same as 実がある, which is a relative clause that modifies 話. 実のある話 (=実がある話) literally means \"a story where a fruit exists\". This 実 (\"fruit\") figuratively refers to something meaningful. See: [How does the の work in 「日本人の知らない日本語」?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/12825/5010)\n\n(Note that の meaning \"one\" (as in 白いの) is not relevant because 実 is a noun,\nnot an adjective nor a verb.)\n\n * As for this は, it replaced を because this object (実のある話) has been topicalized. See the following questions:\n\n * [\"は + verb\" instead of \"を + verb\"?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/17817/5010)\n * [Why can は and を sometimes be used interchangeably?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/23378/5010)\n * As for your last question, you seem to have missed the ことにする / ことにしている construction? See [this page](https://japanesetest4you.com/flashcard/learn-jlpt-n3-grammar-%E3%81%93%E3%81%A8%E3%81%AB%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B-koto-ni-suru/), for example.\n\n* * *\n\nSo let's break it down:\n\n * 実がある: \"a fruit exists\"\n\n * 実がある話: \"a story where a fruit exists\" → \"something meaningful/substantial/useful/fruitful\" (relative clause)\n\n * 実 **の** ある話: \"something substantial\" (ga-no conversion)\n\n * 実のある話 **を** する: \"to say something substantial\"\n\n * 実のある話 **は** する: \"to say something substantial\" (topicalized object)\n\n(More literally, \"as for something substantial, I'll say\")\n\n * 実のある話はしない: \"not to say something substantial\"\n\n * 実のある話はしない **ことにしています** : \"(I have decided that) I won't say anything substantial\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-15T14:48:51.720",
"id": "80155",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-15T14:48:51.720",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80153",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
80153
|
80155
|
80155
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80156",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Both are proper nouns of temples; 長谷寺 is read as はせでら while 平林寺 is read as\nへいりんじ.\n\nIs there any kind of rule to follow in order to know how to read the word? \nOr is the reading arbitrary because both are proper nouns?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-15T14:30:20.093",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80154",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-15T16:26:56.133",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "32509",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"readings"
],
"title": "Why is 寺 read differently in 長谷寺 and 平林寺?",
"view_count": 199
}
|
[
{
"body": "The reading for 長谷寺（はせでら）is 訓読み (くんよみ), which was derived from Japanese\nreading. 平林寺 (へいりんじ) is different in that it is 音読み (おんよみ), which was derived\nfrom the Chinese reading of Kanji.\n\nUnfortunately, there is no definite rule for reading proper nouns.\n\nIn the case of temples, most readings tend to be 音読み. As Buddhism was\nintroduced from China at around the 6th century, Buddhist scriptures at the\ntime would be read in 呉音 (Wu-dynasty readings) or 漢音 (Han reading). Thus, it\nwas natural for temples to be named using the Chinese readings.\n\nTo learn more, please see this article too: [清水寺は「せいすいじ」？\nお寺の読み方、音訓混在の謎](https://style.nikkei.com/article/DGXMZO94144720Y5A111C1000000)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-15T16:26:56.133",
"id": "80156",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-15T16:26:56.133",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40011",
"parent_id": "80154",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
80154
|
80156
|
80156
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80159",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am trying to figure out what ''こっちがキレるわよ'' means\n\nThis is the sentence it came from:\n\nA:「なんですって！ 起こしにきてあげたのに逆ギレ？ こっちがキレるわよ！」\n\nFor context, A is trying to wake B up:\n\n> B: 「にぁああああああ！ 怪我すると思うなら！ やめさせてくださぃぃぃ！！」 \n> A: 「だめよ……やめたら、また寝ちゃうでしょ。昔からあなたの行動は進化ないものっ」 \n> B: 「寝ない！ もう寝ない所存！ 頼みますから！！ フトンの上で正座しないでぇ！」 \n> A: 「だめよ！ 口でいくら言っても、ちゃんと起きないと信じられないからねっ」 \n> B: 「あんたバカかっ！」 \n> A: 「なんですって！ 起こしにきてあげたのに逆ギレ？ こっちがキレるわよ！」",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-15T17:19:53.283",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80157",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-16T01:14:16.450",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-16T01:11:59.160",
"last_editor_user_id": "11792",
"owner_user_id": "40013",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"translation",
"sentence",
"anime"
],
"title": "What does こっちが mean?",
"view_count": 228
}
|
[
{
"body": "The slang キレる means \"to be mad\", or \"to get pissed\", while 逆ギレ would quite\nliterally mean \"to be angry back at someone who should normally be the one\nangry\", where the person at fault is the one being angry.\n\nThe こっち part would mean \"here\", it implies \"me\" or \"I\". The が after is simply\npointing towards \"who\" specifically it is that should be angry.\n\nYou might also be familiar with the expression:「それはこっちのセリフ！」\"That's my line!\".\nThe こっち serves the exact same function here.\n\nSo, to put it back in context, the sentence would read:\n\nA:「なんですって！起こしにきてあげたのに逆ギレ？こっちがキレるわよ！」\n\nA: \"What did you just say!? I came to wake you up and now you're mad at me? I\nshould be the one angry!\" (A is pissed at B for not being grateful)\n\nTo learn more about where キレる came from, read this post too: [Where does the\nword キレる come from?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/6519/where-\ndoes-the-word-%E3%82%AD%E3%83%AC%E3%82%8B-come-from)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-15T19:11:52.797",
"id": "80159",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-15T19:22:23.573",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-15T19:22:23.573",
"last_editor_user_id": "40011",
"owner_user_id": "40011",
"parent_id": "80157",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
80157
|
80159
|
80159
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "Could somebody tell me the meaning of こそすれ?\n\nI've searched it on Google, but I still don't understand what does it mean or\nwhat function it has. Sometimes the meaning of こそすれ seems to be \"to do only\nsomething\", sometimes the meaning seems to be \"to never do anything\", and\nsometimes I simply don't know why こそすれ is used. I must say that I'm completely\nlost about the usage of this word.\n\nBesides telling the meaning, if someone could give me some example sentences\nwhere the meaning can be fully noticed, I would be really thankful.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-15T17:30:49.350",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80158",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-15T17:30:49.350",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29677",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"words"
],
"title": "Meaning of こそすれ",
"view_count": 118
}
|
[] |
80158
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "失敗するのを **気にしたら** 、 **まちがいなく** 失敗してしまう。 =If we think of failure, we will\ncertainly fail.\n\nWhen I read the example the first time, thinking it's a proverb, I interpreted\nit like:\n\n_If you **mind** failure, you will fall in/encounter/make the **no-mistakes**\nfailure._\n\nWhat prevents 'grammatically' such interpretation?\n\n* * *\n\n* * *\n\nEdit:\n\n> **Comment on @shingo.nakanishi answer:** Can I say [ **雨ない** 年だった.] for 'It\n> was a **no-rain** /rainless year.'? \n> If YES, then why can't we think of まちがいない as a 'whole word' that modifies 失敗\n> in [失敗するのを気にしたら、 **まちがいない** 失敗してしまう。] also?\n\n> **Comment on @naruto answer:** Is [雨な **く** 年だった.] for 'It was a rainless\n> **ly** year' correct in Japanese? \n> If YES, then why can't we consider まちがいなく as an adverbial that modifies 失敗\n> in [失敗するのを **気にしたら** 、 **まちがいなく** 失敗してしまう。] also?",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-15T22:22:06.777",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80161",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-17T05:04:40.847",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-16T18:37:39.513",
"last_editor_user_id": "39768",
"owner_user_id": "39768",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"translation",
"parsing",
"interpretation"
],
"title": "Why can't まちがいなく失敗 mean 'a zero-mistakes失敗'?",
"view_count": 207
}
|
[
{
"body": "You translated it as \"no mistake\", which is a **noun** , but you should notice\nなく is the **ku-form** (≒adverbial form). The very literal translation of 間違いなく\nis \"error-less- **ly** \" or \"in an error-free manner\", which is why it is\nusually translated as \"certainly\", \"undoubtedly\" or \"without doubt\" in\nEnglish.\n\n* * *\n\n**EDIT:** The basic rule you have to keep in mind is actually very simple. The\n連体形 (i-form) modifies a noun (thus called \"adjectival\"), and the 連用形 (ku-form)\nmodifies a verb (thus called \"adverbial\"). For example 速 **い** 車 is \"a fast\ncar\" and this 速い/fast is adjectival because it modifies a noun. 速 **く** 走る is\n\"to run fast\", and this 速く/fast is called adverbial because it modifies a verb\n(although 速く is a form of an adjective).\n\nIf you said 間違いない失敗をする, it would mean something funny and paradoxical like \"to\nmake an un-mistaken mistake\" or \"to make an error-less error\". That's not\nsomething you want to say. Here 間違いなく must modify 失敗する **adverbially**.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-16T04:20:28.013",
"id": "80170",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-17T03:40:46.427",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-17T03:40:46.427",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80161",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "**間違いなく** means **without a doubt**\n\nIn this case, **without** is a good translation of **ない**.\n\n\"ない\" denies \"間違い\", not \"失敗\".\n\nIf you deny \"失敗\" in Japanese, you get \"失敗しない\".\n\n**There is no** such expression as \"なく失敗\" or \"ない失敗\", so you can't read it\nwrong.\n\nThe Japanese language is quite different from the English word order, so\n**it's easy to misread it if you read it in the English word order**.\n\nOn the other hand, This makes it very difficult for Japanese to learn English.\n\nIn Japanese, the pattern of negative words coming from the front is for kanji\nsuch as \"非\", \"不\", \"否\". As you can see from the fact that it is a Kanji, this\nusage comes from ancient China.\n\nsample:\n\n * 非常識\n * 不必要\n * 否決\n\nOn the other hand, put \"ない\" behind the word.\n\n * 非常識（常識がない）\n * 不必要（必要ない）\n * 否決（承認しない）\n\nresponse to comments:\n\n> Can I say [雨ない年だった.] for 'It was a no rain/rainless year.'?\n\n\"雨ない年だった\" and \"雨なく年だった\" is very unnatural.\n\n\"雨のない年だった\", \"雨の降らない年だった\" or \"雨が降らない年だった\" is natural.\n\nI can't explain why, by the way, but you can't say \"まちがいな **い** 失敗してしまう。\".\nChange it to **く** to be correct.\n\nIf you must use **い** , you can express it as:\n\n「失敗するのを気にしたら、失敗してしまうよ。間違いな **い** ね。」（spoken language）\n\nI don't know why. I'm Japanese, so it comes naturally to me.\n\nBy the way, you can use **く** in this case.\n\n「失敗するのを気にしたら、失敗してしまうよ。間違いな **く** ね。」（spoken language）\n\nOr something like this:\n\n失敗するのを気にしたら、失敗してしまう。これは間違いな **い** ことです。\n\nIn this case, you **can not** say これは間違いな **く** ことです. Again, I don't know why.\n\nBut if you use \"そう\" instead of \"こと\", you can use **く** not **い**.\n\n失敗するのを気にしたら、失敗してしまう。これは間違いな **く** そうです。\n\nI can only give you same example. I can't explain.\n\nBy the way, \"間違いな **い** そうです\", It means that I heard that way.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-16T06:34:03.280",
"id": "80171",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-17T05:04:40.847",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-17T05:04:40.847",
"last_editor_user_id": "10086",
"owner_user_id": "10086",
"parent_id": "80161",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80161
| null |
80170
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "According to [this answer](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/75191/32952)\nand taking into account the following rules ([source](https://hinative.com/en-\nUS/questions/5656968#answer-15048955)) to use ので:\n\n * [い-adjective]+ので\n\n * [verb]+ので\n\n * [な-adjective]+なので\n\n * [noun]+なので\n\nI wonder whether ばかり is a な-adjective or not in the following sentences:\n\n> 海外で一人暮らしを始めた **ばかりなので** 、寂しくてしかたがありません。\n\n> 子どもを産んだ **ばかりなので** 、うちで休んでいるところです。",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-15T23:35:14.673",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80164",
"last_activity_date": "2023-01-01T03:25:14.523",
"last_edit_date": "2022-04-20T03:19:09.800",
"last_editor_user_id": "32952",
"owner_user_id": "39768",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"adverbs",
"particle-な",
"particle-ばかり",
"adverbial"
],
"title": "Is ばかり a noun or a な-adjective in ばかりなので?",
"view_count": 875
}
|
[] |
80164
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80167",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Since ぢ in spellings was merged into じ in modern kana usage, じや/ぢや, じゆ/ぢゆ, and\nじよ/ぢよ were merged into じゃ, じゅ, and じょ.\n\nThat made me wonder, what about ぢゃ/ぢゅ/ぢょ? They exist, and I found them present\nin gojuuon hiragana/katakana charts geared at Japanese kids (referred to by\nthe charts as あいうえお ひょう)\n\nI can't think of any rendaku words that start with ちゃ/ちゅ/ちょ - if anything\nthese sounds invoke a strong Chinese feeling and on'yomi comes to mind\nimmediately.\n\nWhen I type `dya`/`dyu`/`dyo`, and I hit the `変換` key on my keyboard, the only\nthing that shows up are the katakana and halfwidth/fullwidth roman variants of\nwhat I typed.\n\nDoes anyone know if these kana, ぢゃ/ぢゅ/ぢょ (ヂャ/ヂュ/ヂョ) are used in modern kana\nusage?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-16T00:10:06.610",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80165",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-16T04:00:00.633",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "39722",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"kana"
],
"title": "Is ぢゃ/ぢゅ/ぢょ used in modern kana usage?",
"view_count": 2261
}
|
[
{
"body": "> Is ぢゃ/ぢゅ/ぢょ used in modern kana usage?\n\nOff the top of my head:\n\nぢゃ --\n「[御飯]{ごはん}[茶碗]{ぢゃわん}」「[湯呑]{ゆのみ}[茶碗]{ぢゃわん}」「[芝居]{しばい}[茶屋]{ぢゃや}」「[三軒]{さんげん}[茶屋]{ぢゃや}」\n\nぢょ -- 「[一本]{いっぽん}[調子]{ぢょうし}」「[盆]{ぼん}[提灯]{ぢょうちん}」「[小田原]{おだわら}[提灯]{ぢょうちん}」\n\nぢゅ -- I can't think of any (except\n[大手まんぢゅう](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%89%8B%E3%81%BE%E3%82%93%E3%81%A2%E3%82%85%E3%81%86)\nand\n[ぼてぢゅう](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%81%BC%E3%81%A6%E3%81%A2%E3%82%85%E3%81%86))",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-16T03:39:44.503",
"id": "80167",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-16T04:00:00.633",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-16T04:00:00.633",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "80165",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80165
|
80167
|
80167
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80169",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Just started reading 君の名は manga and encountered this sentence:\n\n人間の輪郭がぼやけて人ならざるものに出会うかもしれない時刻\n\nI have never encountered the ~ならざるもの structure before and cant seem to find an\nanswer.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-16T03:42:29.943",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80168",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-16T03:48:32.133",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29512",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Difficulty understanding ~ならざるもの",
"view_count": 385
}
|
[
{
"body": "It's the Classical Japanese corresponding to 人ではないもの (\"something inhuman\"), so\nyour sentence translates to:\n\n> 人間の輪郭がぼやけて人ならざるものに出会うかもしれない時刻\n\n> That moment in time when silhouettes blur together, that time when you may\n> encounter something which is not human.\n\nExpressions like these come up sometimes in prose, particularly when the\nwriter wants to conjure up an atmosphere of mystery or intrigue.\n\nGrammatically, ならざる is the negative form of the 連体形 of the copula なる, so\nsimply corresponds to ではない in modern Japanese.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-16T03:48:32.133",
"id": "80169",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-16T03:48:32.133",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "816",
"parent_id": "80168",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
80168
|
80169
|
80169
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80173",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I encountered this in something I read:\n\n彼らの頭髪は金髪や白髪、茶髪を始めとして緑髪から青髪まで様々で、さらに格好は鎧やら踊子風の衣装やら黒一色のローブやら『それ』らしすぎる。\n\n1. Do the quotations around それ means that it is emphasized? If so, how does it work in this sentence?\n\n2. I do not understand the らしすぎる. I am unable to find an answer online. However, I learnt that すぎる means \"too much\". If this is the intended meaning and not part of a figure of speech, what is it saying too much of?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-16T08:08:37.883",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80172",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-16T09:19:03.740",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "39936",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-usage"
],
"title": "Word meaning and grammar help",
"view_count": 89
}
|
[
{
"body": "* This それ refers to something along the lines of \" _ **that**_ typical fantasy elements we all know\". If you're reading a Japanese light novel, this sentence means this character is seeing \"that\" typical fantasy or 異世界 world with monsters, wizards, elves and maybe adventurer's guilds. It's enclosed in quotes because the author wanted you to notice this implication. それらしい/[それっぽい](https://jisho.org/word/%E3%81%9D%E3%82%8C%E3%81%A3%E3%81%BD%E3%81%84) often means \"typical looking\" on its own.\n * すぎる basically means \"overly\" or \"too much\" in standard Japanese, but this type of すぎる is just a humorous emphasis (\"so much\", \"terribly\", etc.). See: [What does できなさすぎる mean?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/66645/5010)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-16T09:06:35.970",
"id": "80173",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-16T09:19:03.740",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-16T09:19:03.740",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80172",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
80172
|
80173
|
80173
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80177",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I learnt both of these words as an equivalent to \"nurse\". What is the\ndifference in meaning between those two ?\n\nAlso what is the pitch accent for 介護士 ?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-16T09:20:55.847",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80174",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-17T14:28:45.173",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "39955",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"word-choice",
"synonyms",
"pitch-accent"
],
"title": "difference between 介護士 and 看護師",
"view_count": 575
}
|
[
{
"body": "介護士 are more like a social worker. They generally help the elderly and people\nwith disabilities live normal lives by doing things like bathing them,\nchanging their clothes, making food for them, feeding them, dealing with\nexcrement etc. One place they might work is a retirement home. There is an\nofficial certification, 介護福祉士 (Certified Care Worker), but one can do many of\nthe tasks without a certification. They are not really supposed to be\nadministering medicine or making medical decisions. In English, the might be a\nsocial worker or caregiver or maybe even a hospice worker. The pitch accent is\nかいごし{LHHL}.\n\n看護師 are nurses in more traditional sense. They can do medical tasks like\nadminister medicine, change IVs, check for medical issues etc.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-16T13:53:43.147",
"id": "80177",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-17T14:28:45.173",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-17T14:28:45.173",
"last_editor_user_id": "10045",
"owner_user_id": "10045",
"parent_id": "80174",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
] |
80174
|
80177
|
80177
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80178",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "While researching Japanese swords and sword construction, I have come across a\nterm I can not find the correct kanji for. In Horimono (彫物) “engraving” on the\nblade or tang of a sword, the term 'kozumi' appears, with the description of\n'claws'. I can only find English translations of this, with no kanji. Is this\nthe correct term for this type of design pattern? if the term is correct, what\nis the appropriate kanji for it?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-16T05:58:51.203",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80175",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-23T13:42:56.823",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-23T13:42:56.823",
"last_editor_user_id": "18772",
"owner_user_id": "40024",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"kanji"
],
"title": "What are the correct symbols for kozumi?",
"view_count": 151
}
|
[
{
"body": "The term for \"claws\" is 爪{つめ} tsume, not kozumi. It could be a mistake\nstemming from 小爪{こづめ} kozume. These two websites about swords ([www.touken-\nworld.jp](https://www.touken-world.jp/tips/15368/),\n[kougetsudo.info](https://kougetsudo.info/horimono/)) both **only refer to 爪\nin reference to Horimono**. \nI also noticed that most of the hits for \"kozumi claws\" are variations of the\nsame sentence. Seems like the Wikipedia sentence just got copied a bunch of\ntimes.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-16T15:12:34.907",
"id": "80178",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-16T15:12:34.907",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1761",
"parent_id": "80175",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
80175
|
80178
|
80178
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "日本では、その年の4月1日時点で満6歳に達している児童が小学校に入学します。 I'm wondering why 達している? I've learned\nit acts like Present Continuous, but Google gives me Present Perfect. Why not\nplain suru or shita?",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-16T13:01:55.550",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80176",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-16T21:55:21.787",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36278",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Vている vs. casual/casual past",
"view_count": 80
}
|
[
{
"body": "It’s because they’re saying the children must be fully 6 years old. It is were\nする, then it would sound a bit off and feel like they’re saying the children\n“will be six years old”. If it were した then it would sound like you’re saying\nthe children “had been six years old”. As it’s currently put 達している they’re\nimplicitly saying the children are _currently_ a full six years old.\n\n達する is much like various other verbs: くる, 結婚する, etc in that these verbs are\ninstantaneous: they’ve happened or they haven’t happened yet. There’s no\ninstant between not being fully six years old and being fully six years old.\nOnce you’ve hit the _mark,_ so to speak, what you’re describing as the\ncontinuative is really more like the present perfecting.\n\nSo, for example,\n\n結婚している。\n\ndoesn’t mean “i’m getting married [right now]”. Instead it means you’re\nalready married (perhaps you’ve been now been married for 20 years).\n\n東京に行っている\n\ndoesn’t mean “I’m on my way going to Tokyo”, it means “I’m in Tokyo”.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-16T17:58:10.067",
"id": "80182",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-16T21:55:21.787",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-16T21:55:21.787",
"last_editor_user_id": "4875",
"owner_user_id": "4875",
"parent_id": "80176",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80176
| null |
80182
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80185",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The closest I have been able to figure out, through google searches, how to\nwrite out the phrase \"become one with shadow\" is Hitotsu Ni Naru Kage\n(一つになる影). Is this correct? If not, how would one say this?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-16T17:29:34.557",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80179",
"last_activity_date": "2020-11-29T05:23:23.820",
"last_edit_date": "2020-11-29T05:23:23.820",
"last_editor_user_id": "40024",
"owner_user_id": "40024",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"english-to-japanese"
],
"title": "Would one say \"become one with shadow\" this way, Hitotsu Ni Naru Kage (一つになる影)?",
"view_count": 250
}
|
[
{
"body": "You're pretty close, but not quite there.\n\n一つになる影 is not `become one with shadow`. The reason for this is because if you\nuse the structure `verb (plain form) + noun`, the English equivalent is `noun\nthat verbs.` Here's an example:\n\n> マラソンを走る人 \n> Person/people that run(s) marathons\n\nTherefore, your attempt translates as follows:\n\n> 一つになる影 \n> Shadow that becomes one.\n\nWhat you need is a little bit of reordering, and a particle that means `with`\nas well. In Japanese, that particle is と. Simply put the と particle after a\nnoun, and you get the result you seek. Please note this is just one of several\nuses for the と particle, the other functions you will have to research\nseparately. So here's an example:\n\n> **彼と** 店に行く。 \n> Go **with him** to the store.\n\nExtending these changes to your attempt yields:\n\n> 影と一つになる \n> Become one with (your) shadow.\n\nContext here matters. If you're talking about someone trying to hide in their\nshadow, the 'your' will be added in translation even though the Japanese\ndoesn't change. If you're talking about a ninja becoming one with shadow to\ninfiltrate an enemy camp, the Japanese won't change, but the translation will\nreflect this. As you study the Japanese language, you'll get a feel for what\nis and is not implied.\n\nHope it helps.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-16T21:25:51.140",
"id": "80185",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-17T15:18:57.183",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-17T15:18:57.183",
"last_editor_user_id": "22352",
"owner_user_id": "22352",
"parent_id": "80179",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
80179
|
80185
|
80185
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80184",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I would like to know what does ことごとく mean. When searching for it on Google,\nsome sites tell it means \"completely\" (like すっかり, for example), another site\nsays it means \"all\" (like 全部) and other sites say it means \"all, every\" like\nすべて, so I don't know what does it usually mean.\n\nIn this site, for example, it is said that ことごとく means these three meanings in\nfuntion of the kanji: <https://eigobu.jp/magazine/kotogotoku> , but I would\nlike to know if this word has effectively various meaning or has one main and\npredominant meaning.\n\nIf besides telling the meaning, you could please give me example sentences\nwith this word I would be really thankful.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-16T17:30:45.670",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80180",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-16T21:02:51.290",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29677",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words"
],
"title": "What does ことごとく mean?",
"view_count": 155
}
|
[
{
"body": "According to Sanseido Daijirin (三省堂 スーパー大辞林), this is a somewhat archaic word\nwhich was read in [kanbun](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanbun) texts by\nmeans of [kundoku](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%A8%93%E8%AA%AD) (reading\nthe kanji of a Chinese text in Japanese). It comes from the word 事事 (ことごと),\nmeaning 'everything', and the suffix く. This gives it an adverbial format\n(although it may not strictly conform to modern adverbial behavior), and it is\nusually (but not always) followed by a verb.\n\nThe standard dictionary meanings are '`all; entirely; completely; without\nexception`'. Exactly which one of those translations is most appropriate will\ndepend on the details of the context. But they are not different concepts. For\nexample:\n\n> **ことごとく** 失敗する to fail completely \n> 財産を **ことごとく** 失う to lose all your assets (to lose everything) \n> 法律を **ことごとく** 守る to obey the law without exception\n\nAs for your point about using alternative kanji for the word, that is\ncertainly possible but I would argue that those are stylistic variations of\nthe meaning, rather than standard usages. Stylistic variations are an\ninteresting aspect of kanji (there are some good threads about it here if you\nsearch), but there is no need to use them unless you have a specific purpose\nin doing so. Sticking with standard characters is perfectly fine. The kanji\nlisted in dictionaries like Daijirin, Kojien and Shinmeikai (悉くand 尽く) are\nstandard, although the word is very often written in hiragana.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-16T19:48:16.053",
"id": "80184",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-16T21:02:51.290",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-16T21:02:51.290",
"last_editor_user_id": "25875",
"owner_user_id": "25875",
"parent_id": "80180",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
80180
|
80184
|
80184
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80186",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have read that the volitional form expresses the intent to do or not do an\naction. Afterwards I found a case where this doesn't seem to apply when\nconjugating the です verb.\n\nI read a sentence where a series of images of flowers are shown to the reader.\nI believe they are asking which one is the flower of an eggplant. It goes like\nthis:\n\n> なすの花どれでしょう?\n\nThe question uses the volitional form but it doesn't seem to match the\ndefinition that I read before.\n\n * How should `どれでしょう?` be translated?\n * Is there a difference between using there `どれでしょう?` and `どれですか`?\n * Are there other possible interpretations? Which are other sentences that use `どれでしょう` and how is this expression interpreted in them?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-16T19:47:29.767",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80183",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-16T21:42:13.193",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "32509",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"verbs",
"conjugations",
"volitional-form"
],
"title": "How to interpret the volitional form of です",
"view_count": 82
}
|
[
{
"body": "The volitional form is also used to make a mild suggestion or draw a vague\ninference about something (particularly if the verb in question is\nnonvolitional in nature).\n\nなすの花どれでしょう\n\nis a question asking, “which of these [flowers] is that of an eggplant?”\n\nDepending on the context, the person could be thinking out loud. Or, perhaps\nsomeone informed them there was the flower of an eggplant on a display table\ncovered with various flowers, the individual approached the table and is\nlooking, doesn’t see the flower and so asks the person in charge of the\ndisplay. It could be an adult or teacher teaching a child various flowers and\nas a quick review asks, “which is the eggplant?”\n\nどれですか wouldn’t work in all the scenarios outlined above. Or, it might come\nacross as rather brusk. でしょう has a very soft feel to it. But take the case of\nsomeone approaching a display table of flower. どれですか really seems to presume\nthere is an eggplant flower there. どれでしょう is less certain and leaves the\npossibility that there is no such flower there.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-16T21:34:41.517",
"id": "80186",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-16T21:42:13.193",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-16T21:42:13.193",
"last_editor_user_id": "4875",
"owner_user_id": "4875",
"parent_id": "80183",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80183
|
80186
|
80186
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80192",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "In my grammar textbook, there's the following fill in the blank:\n\n> 報告書はこのような書き方では（ ）と思います。\n\nOne of the incorrect choices is\n\n> 報告書はこのような書き方では（わかりやすかった）と思います。\n\nIncidentally, the correct answer is\n\n> 報告書はこのような書き方では（わかってもらえない）と思います。\n\nHowever, I'm struggling to understand what is incorrect about the first\nsentence. Is it grammatically incorrect to have a past tense phrase before\n~と思う?\n\nIn my googling, I couldn't find a definitive resource that answers this--all\nthe examples were extremely basic and only used present tense.\n\nIn English, there is a slight nuance between\n\n 1. I think it is easy to read. (I currently think it is easy to read.)\n 2. I thought it was easy to read. (In the past, I thought it was easy to read, but that may not be the case now.)\n 3. I think it was easy to read. (I currently think it was easy to read in the past.)\n\nAll of these are grammatically correct.\n\nIf the first sentence is indeed grammatically incorrect, how would you express\nthese separate concepts in Japanese? Otherwise, why else is the sentence\n(semantically) incorrect? There is no other provided context, by the way.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-16T21:47:27.157",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80187",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-17T00:55:10.163",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-16T22:06:17.163",
"last_editor_user_id": "35041",
"owner_user_id": "35041",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"tense"
],
"title": "Past tense and ~と思う",
"view_count": 992
}
|
[
{
"body": "If you take out the は (報告書はこのような書き方では（わかりやすかった）と思います ->\n報告書はこのような書き方で（わかりやすかった）と思います) this would be the correct expression.\nEssentially means “I think the report is easier to understand if it is written\nthis way”\n\n報告書はこのような書き方では（わかってもらえない）と思います。Essentially means “I think the report would be\nmisunderstood if it it is written this way” - misunderstood being the past\ntense here.\n\nBut I could be wrong here - anyone else have any thoughts?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-16T23:26:14.933",
"id": "80190",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-16T23:26:14.933",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40029",
"parent_id": "80187",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -2
},
{
"body": "> このような書き方 **では** （わかってもらえ **ない** ）\n\n「（こんな/このようなetc.）XXでは」 is usually used with a negative word or a phrase with a\nnegative meaning.\n\n> ◎このような書き方 **では** 、わから **ない** 。 \n> ◎このような書き方 **では** 、わかり **にくい** 。 \n> ◎このような書き方 **では** 、わかってもらえ **ない** 。 \n> ✖このような書き方では、わかりやすい/わかりやすかった。\n\nTo use わかりやすい/わかりやすかった in your sentence, you'd need to replace では with なら.\n\n> ◎このような書き方 **なら** 、わかりやすい。 \n> ◎このような書き方 **なら** 、わかりやすかった。\n\n> 「報告書はこのような書き方ならわかりやすかったと思います。」 \n> \"I think the report would have been easy to understand if it had been\n> written this way.\" \n> 「報告書はこのような書き方ならわかりやすいと思います。」 \n> \"I think the report is/will be easy to understand if it is written this\n> way.\"",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-17T00:33:24.177",
"id": "80192",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-17T00:55:10.163",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-17T00:55:10.163",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "80187",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 13
}
] |
80187
|
80192
|
80192
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80205",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was reading through Soumatome N1 Dokkai practice book when I encountered the\npassage below. Understanding the passage itself was not really difficult:\n_**the uncle did the prank**_. But when it comes to answering the multiple\nchoice question, I was stumped. Here is how I arrived at my answer:\n\n1 その子供がまた今度いたずらをやったら許されない、と母は言った。\n\n> This can't be true.\n\n3 叔父はよくいたずらをするので、今回も叔父がやったと僕はおもった。\n\n> This translates to the uncle did it.\n\n2 今回のいたずらは、叔父さんがやったのではない、と僕は思った。\n\n> I translated the part「叔父さんがやったのではない」as \"the uncle did it\"\n>\n> THIS IS WHY I GOT IT WRONG\n\nWhat was going on my mind was that 「いいんじゃない」 conveys roughly the same meaning\nas「いいんだよね」and so I applied this logic. Apparently, it's wrong.\n\nSo, is it true that 「叔父さんがやったのではない」translates to \"the uncle did not do it\"?\nAnd if so, if I want to convey the fact that the uncle did it using the\nnegative, just like 「いいんじゃん」, how should I write it?\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/jxNff.png)",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-16T22:10:08.190",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80188",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-18T03:17:28.763",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-18T03:17:28.763",
"last_editor_user_id": "29327",
"owner_user_id": "29327",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"reading-comprehension"
],
"title": "Understanding のではない and のではないか in the passage",
"view_count": 184
}
|
[
{
"body": "叔父さんがやったのではない **exclusively** means \"it is not the uncle that did it\". The\n～じゃん equivalent is 叔父さんがやったのではない **か**. Yes, it comes from question \"Isn't it\n—?\" then becomes to mean \"How could it not —\". And in formal saying you\n_cannot_ drop the question particle か.\n\n* * *\n\nBy the way, if written, the casual ～じゃない is certainly ambiguous even to\nJapanese, but their difference is clear in speech.\n\n<https://soundcloud.com/user-61112954/yattanjanai> (created with\n[スズキクン](http://www.gavo.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ojad/phrasing/index))\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/W6Qoz.png)[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/MZNwX.png)\n\nThe first one (ない bears accent) is negative \"did not\", and the second \"surely\ndid\" (=じゃん).",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-17T15:54:04.767",
"id": "80205",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-17T15:54:04.767",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7810",
"parent_id": "80188",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
80188
|
80205
|
80205
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80194",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In the below sentence, I was wondering who was the one choosing the weapon.\nThe shop attendant had come over and asked them what kind of weapons they were\nlooking for. And the more experienced adventurer helping the others responded\nwith the below:\n\n> えーっと……。俺と相談しながら各自の武器を選ぶってことで。\n\nI looked at this and first thought that it would mean something like \"they(the\npeople the more experienced adventurer is helping) will consult with him and\nchoose their own weapons\" but then I thought, if that was the case why would\nit not be 各自 **が** 武器を選ぶ instead of 各自の武器を選ぶ. Which then made me wonder\nwhether there is difference in meaning in this wording, or whether I am\noverthinking things. I say this because I know that when using しながら the\nsubject of the two verbs needs to be the same, so whoever the people doing the\nchoosing also need to be the people discussing with him.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-17T00:29:05.593",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80191",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning"
],
"title": "Who is the one choosing the weapons",
"view_count": 104
}
|
[
{
"body": "Your first thought is correct. 各自が武器を選ぶ is also natural. The subject of\n俺と相談しながら各自の武器を選ぶ is \"the people whom the more experienced adventurer is\nhelping\". It is (各自が)俺と相談しながら(各自が)各自の武器を選ぶってことで.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-17T05:57:02.457",
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80191
|
80194
|
80194
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "80212",
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"body": "I am reading through Shirane Haruo's _Classical Japanese: A Grammar_ , and\nI've come across what I think is a discrepancy.\n\nThe example given for ナ変 verbs is 死ぬ:\n\n> _Mizenkei_ : **死な** ば一所で **死な** ん. _SHINA-ba issho de SHINA-n._\n>\n\n>> If we are going _to die_ ( _shina-ba_ ), let us _die_ ( _shina-n_ ) in one\nplace ( _issho_ ). ( _Heike_ , Hōjūji kassen, vol. 8, NKBT 33:158) ( _Shina-\nba_ is the _mizenkei_ of _shinu_ , \"to die,\" and the conjunctive particle _ba_\n, indicating a hypothetical condition. _Shina-n_ is the _mizenkei_ of _shinu_\nand the _shūseiki_ of the auxiliary verb _mu_ , indicating intention. _N_ is a\nnasalized sound change from _mu_.)\n\n> _Izenkei_ : 又かく **死ぬれ** ば… _Mata kaku SHINURE-ba..._\n>\n\n>> Furthermore ( _mata_ ), since I am going to _die_ ( _shinure-ba_ ) like\nthis ( _kaku_ )... ( _Ochikubo_ , book 4, NKBT 13:208) ( _Shinure-ba_ is the\n_izenkei_ of _shinu_ plus the conjunctive particle _ba_.)\n\n( _Classical Japanese: A Grammar_ , SHIRANE Haruo, pp. 37-38)\n\nIf I understand correctly, 未然形 is the \"imperfective\" form and 已然形 is the\n\"perfective.\" Why, then, is the example sentence for 已然形 seemingly interpreted\nas though the verb is imperfective (\"going to die\" as opposed to \"have died\")?\nIs this a quirk of translating between Japanese and English? Or am I not\nunderstanding how the 已然形 is used?",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-17T02:11:25.453",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80193",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "10327",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"classical-japanese"
],
"title": "using 未然形 and 已然形 with conditional ば",
"view_count": 449
}
|
[
{
"body": "`未然形 + ば` is ～たら/なら/(れ)ば, and `已然形 + ば` is ～(な)ので/～(だ)から in modern Japanese.\nThe difference between 死なば and 死ぬれば is the difference between \" **if** I\n(will) die\" and \" **since** I (will) die\". In your first example, the future\ndeath was hypothetical, whereas in your second example, 死ぬれば is more natural\nbecause the speaker's death was imminent and inevitable at that point. That's\nwhat 已然 refers to.\n\n已然形 does not show the perfect aspect on its own. You need たり or ぬ to describe\nthe perfect aspect; \"if [someone] has died\" is 死にたらば, and \"since [someone] has\ndied\" is 死にたれば.\n\n(I'm not very good at 古語 and my answer may contain mistakes. Corrections are\nwelcome.)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-18T05:30:27.327",
"id": "80212",
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"score": 8
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80193
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80212
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80212
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "80202",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am trying to figure out the difference between those three sentences.\n\n> はじめにコンピューターを使った。\n\n~ Initially, I used a computer.\n\n> はじめはコンピューターを使った。\n\n~ In the beginning I used a computer. (e.g. but now I use something else)\n\n> はじめてコンピューターを使った。\n\n~ First time I used a computer.\n\nIs there a clear difference in meaning between the first and the second\nsentence here?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-17T08:29:03.360",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80195",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-17T14:53:10.077",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-17T08:34:26.200",
"last_editor_user_id": "31624",
"owner_user_id": "31624",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"phrases"
],
"title": "The difference between はじめに and はじめて and はじめは",
"view_count": 907
}
|
[
{
"body": "> はじめにコンピューターを使った。\n\nYour translations seem correct to me, except I'd translate it \"I used a\ncomputer first.\" for more clearness.\n\nTo use or not to use は is a deep question, partially because it is seldom\nreflected in form in European languages. Anyway the usage of は is usually not\nrelevant to the sentence that contains itself, but other sentences around it.\nIn this case, when you just want to say it as a part of \"Firstly...,\nsecondly..., finally...\" you don't use it, but you should when \"At first...,\nbut / on the other hand...\".\n\nWhat can be surely said is that if you start with はじめは, it implies that it\nbecomes no more in some point.\n\n> はじめに言葉があった。 _In the beginning was the word._\n\ndoesn't mean the word disappeared when the God did something, but\n\n> はじめは言葉があった。\n\ndoes.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-17T14:53:10.077",
"id": "80202",
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"parent_id": "80195",
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] |
80195
|
80202
|
80202
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "80312",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "This sentence, found in a short story:\n\n> 暗闇に紛れて慎重に行動している **とはいえ** 、やはり逮捕されるのは心配だった\n\nmade me wonder about the differences between 「とはいえ」 and 「にもかかわらず」: both are\ntranslated, in grammars, as \"despite, although\", so I was wondering what would\nbe different in writing:\n\n> 暗闇に紛れて慎重に行動している **にもかかわらず** 、やはり逮捕されるのは心配だった\n\nI found [this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/22912/difference-\nbetween-%E3%81%AB%E3%81%8B%E3%81%8B%E3%82%8F%E3%82%89%E3%81%9A-and-%E3%81%AB%E3%82%82%E3%81%8B%E3%81%8B%E3%82%8F%E3%82%89%E3%81%9A)\nanswer, and I was wondering if 「にもかかわらず」 points to something that actually\nhappened, while 「とはいえ」 doesn't, but I was unable to find anything to confirm\nor deny this; also, I found that the former is linked to negative outcomes,\nand I'm not sure if the latter has such implications. I found\n[this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/3949/what-exactly-\ndoes-%E3%81%A8%E3%81%AF%E3%81%84%E3%81%88-mean) about 「とはいえ」, which is useful\nfor that specific form, but not so much for how it differs from others.\n\nI was also wondering about 「ものの」:\n\n> 暗闇に紛れて慎重に行動している **ものの** 、やはり逮捕されるのは心配だった\n\nbut I didn't really find anything; would it be very different as meaning, if\nit's right at all?\n\nI have this example sentence:\n\n> 日本語の勉強を三年した **ものの** 、新聞を読めない\n\nwhich gives a negative outcome despite a precedent event; this seems to fit in\nthe \"Although [fact], [something negative]\", so I was wondering if:\n\n> 日本語の勉強を三年した **にもかかわらず** 、新聞を読めない\n\nwould be acceptable.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-17T11:19:35.713",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80197",
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"owner_user_id": "35362",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 8,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Differences between とはいえ, にもかかわらず and ものの",
"view_count": 495
}
|
[
{
"body": "Although I(Native Japanese) don't feel discomfort for above all usage, I find\na explanation in grammar for them.\n\nGroupA ：Reverse Connection\n\n「～ながら（も）」「～にもかかわらず」「～ものの」「～にかかわらず」indicates a connection where the preamble\nand the postamble are in an opposite relationship, or where the expected\nresult from the preamble does not appear in the postamble.\n\nGroupB： Partially Restate\n\n「～といっても」「～とはいえ」「～からといって」are expressions in which the speaker restates parts of\nthe previous sentence.\n\nAbout each words;\n\nThe word \"～にもかかわらず\" expresses a situation that differs from the prediction\nfrom the previous sentence in the second sentence. There is no blame or\ncriticism involved. Usually it is simply an objective way of indicating an\nadversarial relationship, but sometimes the speaker's feelings can be included\nwith the focus particle \"～も\" .\n\nThe word \"～ものの\" is used to refer to a matter or situation that is contrary to\nor incompatible with the statement made in the previous sentence, while at the\nsame time acknowledging it. In such cases, the second sentence is often used\nto express remorse or regret for what was said in the first sentence while\nacknowledging it.\n\nThe word \"とはいえ\" is a partial restatement of the matter mentioned in the\npreamble, adding in the post-sentence, \"That's true, but it's not actually\nenough.\" Often, expressions with negative connotations come in the second\nsentence, including \"～ない\".\n\nIf you can read, this Japanese page has more information.\n<https://www.jpf.go.jp/j/project/japanese/teach/tsushin/grammar/201703.html>",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-25T01:22:21.327",
"id": "80312",
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80197
|
80312
|
80312
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": ">\n> また、通常の売買の際にも、釣り銭があるような場合に、「お預かりいたします」が用いられるようです。このような場面でも、受け取った金銭のすべてを所有するのでないという意味から、「いただきます」「頂戴します（頂戴いたします）」に替わって使用されているものと考えられます。\n>\n>\n> ご指摘の「○○円からお預かりいたします」という表現は、文字どおりには「○○円から幾らかを一時的に保管します（受け取り手の所有するところとはなりません）」という意味ですから、会費の受け取りなどの際には用いられても、通常の売買の際には不適切な表現であるということができます。\n\nso this was an answer for a question about `円からお預かりいたします` and whether it is\nright or not but what i find confusing is that it says that 「お預かりいたします」is used\nin every day life but then it says 「○○円からお預かりいたします」is 不適切な表現であるということができます\nmeaning that it is inappropriate which i find confusing",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-17T11:56:20.993",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80198",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-17T11:56:20.993",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "35822",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"words"
],
"title": "a question about お預かりいたします",
"view_count": 65
}
|
[] |
80198
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80200",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The beginning of the opening for the anime 彼女、お借りします goes as follows:\n\n> 運命なんて言えない \n> あと何センチ近づけばいいんだろう \n> 君がいいと言えないまま見つめてる後ろ姿\n\nMy problem is with the third line. I can't really figure out what belongs to\nthe 君が. There are four options:\n\n 1. 君がいい\n 2. 君が言えない\n 3. 君が見つめてる\n 4. 君が後ろ姿\n\nI don't think 君がいい makes much sense in this context. The same goes for\n君が見つめてる, because in the preceding line the singer asks \"how many centimeters\ncan I come closer?\" (as far as my understanding goes, at least), so it would\nmake more sense if the singer is the one who stares, not 君.\n\nNow, for option 2: If this were the right option, I would interpret the whole\n君がいいと言えないまま見つめてる as a relative clause modifying 後ろ姿 and I would interpret the\n後ろ姿 as a kind of \"addendum\" to make clear what the singer is trying to come\ncloser to in line 2. Like this: \"How many centimeters can I come closer? To\nthis back figure (that I'm staring at while you still can't say 'it's fine')?\"\nMaybe the problem with this interpretation is that it would have to be 後ろ姿に\nwith に added instead, but I have a feeling に could be left off here.\n\nFor option 4: I would interpret option 4 as a 体言止め, where line 3 is\nindependent of line 2, like: \"You're a back figure (that I'm staring at while\nyou still can't say 'it's fine').\"\n\nWhich is correct (if any...)?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-17T12:36:38.637",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80199",
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"last_edit_date": "2022-04-14T02:05:17.437",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "35297",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"ambiguity",
"subjects"
],
"title": "Trouble finding out who does what: 君がいいと言えないまま見つめてる後ろ姿",
"view_count": 135
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 君がいいと言えないまま見つめてる後ろ姿\n\nIgnoring the semantic naturalness, all what you said about its ambiguity is\nright because this sentence is structurally very close to 頭が赤い魚を食べる猫, which\n[allows many parsing\noptions](https://twitter.com/nakamurakihiro/status/1230798247989366784) ([an\nEnglish explanation](https://twitter.com/vyrpenz/status/1275452227776217089),\nif you prefer).\n\nThat said, I take your #1 as the primary choice, as it _is_ [a valid and\ncommon\nexpression](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/33147/understanding-%E3%81%A9%E3%81%A3%E3%81%A1%E3%81%8C%E3%81%84%E3%81%84).\n\n> First, as chocolate said in her comment, a question like this using いい is\n> usually about someone's personal and casual preference: \"Which do you\n> like/prefer?\". In some contexts, this can be a more objective question (eg,\n> choosing from two business strategies).\n\nWhich is backed up by the following definition in [a\ndictionary](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/%E8%89%AF%E3%81%84_%28%E3%82%88%E3%81%84%29/):\n\n> ㋙自分の好みに合っている。望ましい。「私はビールが―・い」「住むなら郊外が―・い」\n\nSo you can translate the 君がいい as \"I like/prefer/want/choose you\". Not \"I\n_like_ you\" but \"I like _you_ \".",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-17T14:12:17.173",
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80199
|
80200
|
80200
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Hi i was just wondering if i can get feedback if i understood what this\nsentence is saying.\n\nsentence:\n\n> これで人との会話シミュレーションは完了\n\nmy rough translation:\n\n> With this, person and its conversation simulation is completed\n\nI'm confused why there is a と and what i came up with was the speaker is\ntrying to sound fancy and say something like, \"people and their\nconversations.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-17T14:50:46.817",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80201",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-17T17:33:53.920",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-17T16:05:42.697",
"last_editor_user_id": "78",
"owner_user_id": "38996",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Am i translating this right?",
"view_count": 107
}
|
[
{
"body": "You’ve got the part but aren’t assembling it correctly and you’re zeroing in\nthe very thing that’s getting in your way.\n\n人と話し合う\n\nwould mean to speak with someone. In your sentence, the verb would be\n\n会話する\n\nTo say, have a *conversation with someone * you would say\n\n人と会話する\n\nBut 会話 can be used as a noun too. In that case you cannot say\n\n人と会話\n\nThat’s not grammatically complete. To complete it you join the two parts with\nの resulting in\n\n人との会話\n\nAt this point you’re almost done.\n\nTo say _this person_ you would have to say この人.\n\nBut what you have is これ+で which means “by means of this”.\n\nSo the sentence can be rendered as\n\n> _With this, simulation of a conversation with a person is complete_\n\nYou should note that the final copulate だ has been omitted.\n\n**Regarding the use of と and の**\n\nEnglish and some other Germanic languages stand apart in how prepositional\nconstructs can be used to modify nouns. So in English we can say\n\n> A conversation with someone\n\nAnd it makes perfectly good sense. However there are languages don’t allow\nthese sorts of constructs. To convey the same idea a relative clause can be\nused:\n\n> A conversation that is with someone\n\nTo our English-language ear this sounds cringy. However not in a language like\nJapanese. The particle の in Japanese is what creates the glue syntactically\nand semantically joining 会話 and 人と. Resulting in\n\n> 人との会話\n\nThere are other examples.\n\n> The letter to my friend is on the desk.\n\nIn Japanese this must be rendered as\n\n> 友達への手紙は机の上にある\n\nThis の in 友達への手紙 is serving the same role as the の in 人との会話.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-17T15:14:01.710",
"id": "80203",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-17T17:33:53.920",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-17T17:33:53.920",
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"score": 3
}
] |
80201
| null |
80203
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80210",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 「うふふ、そうですねぇ、せっかくですから直接対決 **と** いきましょう。士織さんもステージで何かやってくださいよぉ」\n\nWhat is the function of the bold と? Is it short for と言って?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-17T15:47:50.790",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80204",
"last_activity_date": "2022-01-02T00:05:13.550",
"last_edit_date": "2022-01-01T22:34:08.260",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "36662",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-と"
],
"title": "What is the function of the と in といきましょう",
"view_count": 396
}
|
[
{
"body": "This と is \"a quotation-like と\" (I don't know the proper name) described in\n[this answer](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/68132/5010). と is not just\nfor what someone said or thought; it can broadly mark the \"content\" of an\naction. The closest English equivalent would be \"like ～\", but in this case \"go\nhead-to-head\" might be enough. This ～と行くか is a casual/colloquial expression\nused when someone has decided to \"go for\" something. It takes a (non-suru-\nverb, ordinary) noun.\n\n * さあ、ラストスパートと行くか。 \nNow, let's go for the last part.\n\n * 次は日本酒と行きますか。 \nOkay, let's try _sake_ next.\n\nOf course と行く can mean \"to go with [someone]\", too.\n\n * 彼と行きたいです。 \nI want to go (together) with him.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-18T01:55:17.587",
"id": "80210",
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"parent_id": "80204",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
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] |
80204
|
80210
|
80210
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "> 醜い浮世を 意地で生きるぞ 汗水たらし 身を削り ありつか **ん** 尊くも儚き飯\n\nFull lyrics [here](http://blog.livedoor.jp/horiisan/archives/52094299.html).\n_This ugly world you need willpower to survive in; drenched in sweat and with\nlots of effort, that precious and fleeting meal is in sight_\n\nSomething along those lines is how I'd interpret that section. Now I'm not a\ntotal stranger to the use of the negative ～ん form (I'm not sure on the\nspecifics, could have been the 未然形 too, apologies if what I'm saying is wrong)\nto express 'positive' actions if you will e.g. 言わんとすることはわかった = _I understand\nwhat you're trying to say_ or さすれば道は開かん = _If you do so, the way will/shall(?)\nopen_. If I recall correctly, the verb + ～ん form has a lot of non-negative\nuses in classical Japanese which in some cases are still seen today.\n\nNow onto the question pertaining to the excerpt of the lyrics seen above: Am I\nright to assume that ありつかん in this case is indeed not a negative form? Is it\nsomething more akin to ありつくだろう? Considering that the ～ん form is still widely\nused for simple negation (知らん！、分からん、etc.), one would have to guess from the\ncontext, correct?\n\nWhat exactly does (or could) the verb in this case mean? All fan translations\nI have seen don't use the negative here so I would lean towards it not being\nan actual negation, which would make sense as well. Am I right in my\nassumptions? And if yes, what interpretations are there for this form here?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-17T16:25:03.553",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80206",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-08-18T00:57:17.700",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "35224",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"negation",
"volitional-form",
"ending"
],
"title": "The uses of verb + ん apart from simple negation",
"view_count": 116
}
|
[] |
80206
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80209",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Without additional context, what is the meaning, or possible meanings of:\n\n```\n\n XにYを聞かれる\n \n```\n\nI know 聞く can mean both to hear/listen or to ask. Which interpretation is\ncorrect:\n\n 1. X is heard by Y\n 2. Y is heard by X\n 3. Y was asked (a question) by X\n\nOr are multiple options are possible? I think (3) is at least possible, but\nI'm not sure if this statement is potentially ambiguous. My gut feeling is\nthat を plays an important role here. Can anyone help shed more concrete\nunderstanding?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-17T22:21:50.610",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80208",
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"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "35041",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"passive-voice"
],
"title": "聞く and the passive",
"view_count": 127
}
|
[
{
"body": "> Without additional context...\n\n1 is incorrect; に marks the doer/\"culprit\" of the passive verb (see also [my\nanswer here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/651/78)). So X cannot be the\none acted upon. Thus, only 2 or 3 are possible. And without further context,\nit could be either, but I feel that 3 is more probable similar to if someone\nsays to you 「聞きたいことあるんですけど」 (\"There's something I need to ~~_listen to_~~ _ask\nyou_ \").",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-17T22:51:12.007",
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"score": 4
}
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80208
|
80209
|
80209
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80224",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "1. 電車に乗ろうとしたときにドアが閉まって乗れなかった。\n\n 2. 電車に乗ろうというときにドアが閉まって乗れなかった。\n\n 3. ちょうど彼が出かけようとしたときに大地震があった。\n\n 4. ちょうど彼が出かけようというときに大地震があった。\n\nHi. I have found some sample sentences on the internet. Are all the above\nsentences fine? If so, can I think 〜ようというときに and 〜ようとしたときに are usually\ninterchangeable, if not always?\n\nAnd could you show me the occasions where the two patterns are not\ninterchangeable?\n\nAnd generally what would be the difference between 〜ようというときに and 〜ようとしたときに?\nThank you.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-18T13:25:14.817",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80214",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-19T06:47:20.223",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36662",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"clause-pattern"
],
"title": "What would be the difference between 〜ようというときに and 〜ようとしたときに?",
"view_count": 190
}
|
[
{
"body": "～うというとき tends to refer to a little earlier timing than ～うとしたとき.\n\n～うとし **た** とき means the subject has already started to take that action.\n出かけようとしたとき usually means he has stood up and started to go to the door at\nleast. On the other hand, ～というとき means the subject _thought_ he should start\nthat action. 出かけようというとき basically refers to the time point where he thought\n\"Okay I have to go now\", maybe still holding a coffee cup. That said, this\ndistinction is largely subjective, and it's impossible to draw a clear line.\nOne may say 出かけようとし **た** just by thinking \"I have to go now\".\n\nAmong your example sentences, 1, 3, and 4 are perfectly natural, but 2 looks\nslightly off to me because 電車に乗ろうというとき probably means this person has not even\nstarted to walk.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-19T05:00:40.620",
"id": "80224",
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"parent_id": "80214",
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"score": 1
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] |
80214
|
80224
|
80224
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm having some trouble finding out how many case marker particles (格助詞) there\nare in Japanese. The answers I find range from 9 to 11, depending on the site.\nAlmost all of the ones I've found agree on the following:\n\n> が、で、に、を、へ、と、より、から、まで\n\nThe 2 that seem to be contested are の and や. I understand a particle belonging\nto several classes, but I don't know why some sites leave those 2 out\nentirely. Is this simply something that Japanese speakers and scholars\ndisagree on?\n\n_**Sources**_\n\nThe following site says there are 9:\n\n<https://www.tomojuku.com/blog/kakuparticle/>\n\nThe following say there are 10:\n\n<https://www.kokugobunpou.com/%E5%8A%A9%E8%A9%9E/%E4%B8%BB%E3%81%AA%E6%A0%BC%E5%8A%A9%E8%A9%9E%E3%81%AE%E7%94%A8%E6%B3%95/#gsc.tab=0>\n\n<https://prowriters.jp/grammar/postpositional_particle#1fc6088c4182e88f2092d7ba4b537282>\n\n<https://note.com/kokugo_nihongo/n/nbdbe46679247>\n\nThis site says there are 11:\n\n<http://www.coelang.tufs.ac.jp/mt/ja/gmod/courses/c01/lesson14/step2/explanation/053.html>",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-18T16:11:31.417",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80216",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-18T18:07:37.143",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-18T18:04:40.200",
"last_editor_user_id": "9682",
"owner_user_id": "9682",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"particles"
],
"title": "How many case marking particles are there?",
"view_count": 448
}
|
[
{
"body": "One of the difficulties in answering your question is that there isn't really\nany clear consensus on how to categorize case particles in Japanese. It's\nproblematic because the standard conceptual grouping of [grammatical\ncase](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_case) can lead to vague\ndefinitions which aren't quite satisfactory. For example, Tsujimura (1996)\nlists only five pure case particles: が (Nominative), を (Accusative), に\n(Dative), の (Genetive), and includes the topic marker は as a case marker.\nObviously the inclusion of は doesn't conform to case markers in Indo-European\nlanguages.\n\nYou could argue that other Japanese particles like で are case particles\n('Instrumental Case), but Tsujimura disputes that, claiming that case\nparticles don't contain \"specific semantic content\" whereas で does have that\ncontent. The difference is highlighted by the argument that you couldn't\nacceptably omit で in casual speech, while case particles can be omitted.\nTsujimura also disputes まで ('Terminative Case') on the grounds that it can\nimmediately be followed by a nominative case particle, meaning that is should\nbe categorized as a postpositional particle rather than a case particle. Are\nother particles like より truly Ablative case? If so, how does it differ from\nから? The definitions are unclear.\n\nAs you see, there is no simple categorization which everyone agrees on because\nit all depends on how to define it, and there seem to be differences in how\nscholars define it as applied to Japanese. I think we have to just wait for\nthe scholars to argue it out among themselves before we can say definitively\nwhat the number is.\n\n_Source: An Introduction to Japanese Linguistics (Tsujimura, 1996)_",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-18T17:56:06.520",
"id": "80218",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-08-18T18:07:37.143",
"last_editor_user_id": "25875",
"owner_user_id": "25875",
"parent_id": "80216",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
}
] |
80216
| null |
80218
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80229",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "「どれくらい **かかるか** 」と「どれくらい **かかりそうか** 」の違いは何ですか？",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-18T16:30:20.780",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80217",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-19T11:37:56.680",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-19T04:01:22.993",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "30406",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"words"
],
"title": "どれくらいかかる ｖｓ どれくらいかかりそう？",
"view_count": 88
}
|
[
{
"body": "This is the difference between a statement of fact and a statement of\nappearance/seem to (～そう). Note that the final か in both indicates that these\nare embedded clauses and can probably be followed by verbs like 分かる, 知る, etc.\n\n> どれくらいかかるか ... the amount of time it will take\n\n> どれくらいかかり **そう** か ... the amount of time **it seems like** it will take",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-19T11:37:56.680",
"id": "80229",
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}
] |
80217
|
80229
|
80229
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80223",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In the below, what is そういうの referring to? Should what she says be understood\nas something like: みさき先輩のこととなると目ざとい, or is it referring to something else?\n\n> 「どこかケガでもされたんじゃ！」\n>\n> 「……いや、そういうんじゃなくてね」\n>\n> 「うそ！ みさき先輩のことですからわかります！ わたし **そういうの** 目ざといんですから！」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-18T22:37:57.843",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80219",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-19T04:46:52.637",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-19T04:36:32.720",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "40051",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What is そういうの referring to?",
"view_count": 264
}
|
[
{
"body": "> わたしそういうの目ざといんですから！\n>\n> I am quick to notice things like this / this kind of things!\n\nHere she's probably saying she is good at noticing someone being a little out\nof shape. そういうの is \"someone's physical condition being bad\" here. そういうん in the\nprevious sentence also refers to the same thing.\n\nThis そういうの is not みさき先輩のこと because みさき先輩のこと is already generic enough.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-19T04:35:41.717",
"id": "80223",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-08-19T04:46:52.637",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80219",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
80219
|
80223
|
80223
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "In Japanese the following such sentences are seen quite often:\n\n> 「〜のほうが（よく）（聞く／使う／感じる／知っている）」\n\nHowever when you consider the grammar, these are all transitive verbs (in the\nsense they normally take their object marked by 〜を), so it is odd that they\nare accepting their objects with 〜が here.\n\nHonestly, to my ear, the sentences sound better when they are followed by some\nsort of noun \"のほうがよく聞く気がする\" \"のほうがよく聞く表現だ\" or are made passive \"のほうがよく使われている\"\n\"のほうがよく知られている\", but of course these all change the meaning.\n\nAnd it cannot be denied that the bare sentences do exist and are used by\nnative speakers as well.\n\n**So, I wonder, is there any formal syntactic analysis of what is going on\nhere? Is the thing marked by が actually a grammatical subject?**\n\n* * *\n\nAs for initial thoughts, I think it is not a subject because:\n\n * it can't take subject honorification with the desired reading: *私は社長のほうがよくご存知になっている. While this is a borderline valid sentence, 私 turns into the object because 社長 is forced into a subject by the subject honorification since you can't use it with yourself -- so it's not the intended reading of \"I know (the honorable) CEO better (than whatever we were talking about earlier)\".\n\n * in addition, 自分 doesn't seem to be able to bind to it. ?私はいとこのほうが自分の親よりよく知っている \"I know my cousin well more so than my parents\". While this sentence sounds incredibly awkward to me in the first place, either way, 自分 cannot bind to いとこ here, just 私.\n\nThis suggests that が is instead a so-called \"nominative object marker\", but\nnormally this is only seen with predicates like 好き、わかる、ほしい、聞こえる, etc. not 聞く\nor 使う, so it's surprising to see it here...\n\nIs there any analysis which gives this a decent explanation?",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-18T22:38:21.863",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80220",
"last_activity_date": "2021-02-23T04:28:29.153",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "3097",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 11,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"syntax",
"subjects",
"object"
],
"title": "Linguistic/syntactic analysis of のほうがよく聞く",
"view_count": 528
}
|
[
{
"body": "In my thoughts, this is similar to のほうがいい grammar. Only that, you substitute\nいい with an adjective form of it 良く then adding it to a dictionary form of a\nverb like 聞く、書く、見える。\n\nSo, my syntax would be のほうが + 良く + 助詞・辞書形 Verb (dictionary form).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-10-16T12:56:51.627",
"id": "82128",
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"owner_user_id": "40632",
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},
{
"body": "My intuition is that の方が is a locution (idiom) coming from ancient times where\n(maybe) grammar and distinction between が/を were not so precise. In French (my\nnative language) we have such locutions that sound strange in today's context\nbut are used and pronounced naturally.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2021-01-23T15:46:31.437",
"id": "83854",
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80220
| null |
82128
|
{
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"body": "There are several different words for “clothing” in the dictionary. Kimono is\na type of traditional Japanese clothing, while fuku refers to Western clothes.\nHifuku is more general and covers all clothing. Koromo is a less commonly used\nword than the others.\n\nAt least I think this is right based on what I read in the dictionary. Are\nthese definitions right, and are there other words that also mean “clothes”?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-19T00:25:29.140",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80222",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-20T16:52:23.477",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34142",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "The different words for clothes",
"view_count": 584
}
|
[
{
"body": "* **服** : The most neutral, generic, daily word for clothes.\n * **衣服** : Formal version of 服. 「衣服のお手入れ」「世界の衣服の歴史」\n * **洋服** : (Western) clothes we normally wear. It's almost synonymous to 服 in ordinary people's daily life. 「洋服売り場」\n * **和服** : Japanese clothes (including _kimono_ , _hakama_ , _samue_ , ...)\n * **衣装** : Costume (for stage performances, role playing, etc), dress (the kind of outfits that celebrities wear in public) 「ステージ衣装」「コスプレ用の衣装」\n * **着物** : Originally referred to clothes in general, but this usually refers to that Japanese formal _kimono_ today.\n * **お召し物** : Honorific word for 服.\n * **被服** : Basically an even more formal or academic version of 衣服, but strictly speaking 被服 also includes shoes, hats, gloves and such.\n * **衣** : Archaic word for 服 (especially simple ones) or coats. Used mainly in samurai films or hardcore fantasy.\n * ( **ドレス** : Almost exclusively refers to formal party dress for ladies.)\n\nNote that 被服 and 衣 are definitely not words you would use in everyday life.\n\nThe above words are \"wearable\" (i.e., you can say ～を着る).\n\n * **衣料品** / **衣類** : Daily clothing/underwear as merchandise or physical objects. 「スーパーの衣料品売り場」「衣類部門の売り上げ」\n * **服装** : Overall outfit one is wearing. 「派手な服装をしている」「服装が乱れている」「事件当時の彼の服装」\n * **服飾** : Fashion/dressmaking as a field of business/expertise 「服飾専門学校」「服飾店」\n * **アパレル** : Loanword version of 服飾. 「アパレルショップ」「アパレル関係の店で働く」",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-19T10:21:19.220",
"id": "80228",
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}
] |
80222
| null |
80228
|
{
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"body": "Recently I came across some lines and could not really understand what the \"も\"\nis doing in them.\n\nExample:\n\n> 私にクラスに鈴木さんという名の生徒が５人[も]{L}いるので驚いた。\n\nvs\n\n> 私にクラスに鈴木さんという名の生徒が５人[が]{L}いるので驚いた。\n\nThinking about \"も\" here as \"even\" or \"also\" in these examples don't really\nmake sense to me here and I read in another post that it has a total\naffirmation usage but I can't quite grasp it.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-19T06:57:58.877",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80225",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-19T15:54:21.217",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-19T15:54:21.217",
"last_editor_user_id": "78",
"owner_user_id": "39286",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-も"
],
"title": "What's the difference between OO人もいる vs OO人がいる?",
"view_count": 322
}
|
[
{
"body": "Your second sentence:\n\n> 私 ~~に~~ **の** クラスに鈴木さんという名の生徒 **が** ５人 **が** いるので驚いた。\n\nis not correct. You don't use two が's that way. You'd instead say:\n\n> 私のクラスに鈴木さんという名の生徒 **が** ５人いるので驚いた。\n\n\"Numeral + counter\", such as ５人, ２個, ３回 etc., can function adverbially. You'd\nuse it like this:\n\n> 生徒がいる。 There're students. → 生徒が **５人** いる。 There're five students. \n> りんごを食べる。 I eat apples. → りんごを **３個** 食べる。 I eat three apples. \n> 山田さんに会った。 I met Yamada-san. → 山田さんに **３回** 会った。 I met Yamada-san three\n> times.\n\n* * *\n\nも, used after a numeral and counter, means \"as many as\" \"as much as\". You'd\nuse it this way:\n\n> 生徒が５人 **も** いる。 There're as many as five students. \n> りんごを３個 **も** 食べる。 I eat as many as three apples. \n> 山田さんに３回 **も** 会った。 I met Yamada-san as many as three times.\n\nSo your first sentence:\n\n私のクラスに鈴木さんという名の生徒が５人 **も** いるので驚いた。\n\nmeans \"I was surprised because there were **as many as** five students named\nSuzuki in my class.\"",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-19T13:39:29.840",
"id": "80231",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-19T14:14:25.850",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-19T14:14:25.850",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "80225",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
80225
| null |
80231
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80230",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I understand that if the subject of the question is in question then it will\nbe indicated by が. So we will have:\n\nA: 誰が手伝いに行きますか？ [Who will go to help him a hand?]\n\nAnd not:\n\nA: 誰は手伝いに行きますか？ (x)[Who will go to help him a hand?]\n\nWhat's odd to me is that in the next sentence that gives answer for A's\nquestion, the subject is also indicated by が not は, so:\n\nB: カリナさんが行きます。[Karina will go to help him.]\n\nInstead of:\n\nB: カリナさんは行きます。[Karina will go to help him.]\n\nAfter search the internet for some time, I found an explanation that says:\n\n> When a question word such as \"who\" and \"what\" is the subject of a sentence,\n> it is always followed by \"ga,\" never by \"wa.\" To answer the question, it\n> also has to be followed by \"ga.\"\n\nSo far so good.\n\nBut soon I'm wondering whether this rule is also applicable for affirmative\nsentences.\n\nSo for the following English sentence:\n\nKarina will go to help him.\n\nThe Japanese version of it should be:\n\nカリナさんが彼を手伝いに行きます。[Karina will go to help him.]\n\nAnd not:\n\nカリナさんは彼を手伝いに行きます。(x)[Karina will go to help him.]",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-19T07:26:14.293",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80226",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-19T11:43:58.823",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "38848",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Choosing between が vs. は in sentence",
"view_count": 125
}
|
[
{
"body": "The particle が doesn't just mark the subject of questions, it marks the\nsubject of sentences too. It is a subject-marking case particle. Sometimes the\nsubject can also be the topic, hence the common confusion of が vs は. This\ntopic has been discussed extensively on this site. I recommend searching\nthrough the threads as I'm sure you will find them helpful.\n\n * [What exactly is the subject?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/25667/what-exactly-is-the-subject)\n * [Why が is said to be a subject marker?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/52577/why-%e3%81%8c-is-said-to-be-a-subject-marker)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-19T11:43:58.823",
"id": "80230",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-19T11:43:58.823",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25875",
"parent_id": "80226",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
80226
|
80230
|
80230
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80238",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Could someone help me with understanding/translating this sentence?\n\nあっちがメディア化ともなれば必然的に打ち合わせ等の優先順位はこっちが後回しになります。\n\nThe sentence before: マンガ編集者というのは他人も担当作家を抱えています。 (which I read as something\nlike: Being a manga editor means being responsible for several authors...) The\nsentence after that: 自分の作品の価値を上げ担当編集者に振り向いてもらうことだけ。 (which I read as something\nlike: So the only thing left for me to do is raising the value of my work and\nthus turn/hand it over to the editor in charge...) Thanks!\n\nIt's sometimes so frustrating - even if you know or at least can look up all\nthe words in questions, I sometimes stumble upon sentences where I just never\ncan figure out the whole meaning behind it. Any advice for these kind of\nencounters? Or is it just a lack of more in-depth and more fundamental grammar\nprinciples? In this particular sentence, the あっち and こっち really kills me.\nAppreciate any help! And stay safe y'all!",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-19T08:37:54.567",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80227",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-20T07:40:22.237",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-20T07:40:22.237",
"last_editor_user_id": "36354",
"owner_user_id": "36354",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"grammar"
],
"title": "Can someone help with this sentence? Or - how to decipher the structure in general",
"view_count": 80
}
|
[
{
"body": "* あっち is \"their/that side\", and in this context it refers to another manga an editor is assigned to. こっち is \"our/this side\" or \"my manga\". We can notice this because the previous sentence is about an editor having many mangaka to work with.\n * ～ともなれば is a variant of [～となれば](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/108/5010) (\"once/if it has been decided that ～\"). This も used with a conditional expression roughly means \"only\" or \"just\". See: [Does もあれば have set phrases?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/1779/5010)\n * ～を後回しにする is a common set phrase that means \"to put [something] on the back-burner\". ～が後回しになる means \"to be put on the back-burner\".\n\n> あっちがメディア化ともなれば \n> Once another manga is set to be made into anime, ... \n> Just by the fact that another manga will be made into anime, ...\n>\n> 必然的に \n> inevitably, ... / naturally, ...\n>\n> 打ち合わせ等の優先順位は \n> as for the priorities of meetings and such,\n>\n> こっちが後回しになります \n> our side will be put on the back-burner.\n\n*メディア化 (\"media-ization\") usually means アニメ化, but sometimes ドラマCD化.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-19T18:50:27.280",
"id": "80238",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-19T19:17:04.950",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-19T19:17:04.950",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80227",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
80227
|
80238
|
80238
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "So what is the difference between「~らしい」(hearsay) vs 「~そうだ」(hearsay)?\n\n> この料理はおいしい **らしい** 。This dish, I've heard it is delicious. \n> この料理はおいしい **そうです** 。This dish, I've heard it is delicious.\n\nBoth report an indirect source, information. \n「~らしい」seems more polite, more softer than「~そうだ」? or more subjective maybe?\n\nCan you help me ?\n\nThanks.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-19T14:02:41.743",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80233",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-20T11:51:02.203",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-20T11:51:02.203",
"last_editor_user_id": "39752",
"owner_user_id": "39752",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"nuances"
],
"title": "~らしい(hearsay) vs ~そうだ (hearsay)",
"view_count": 445
}
|
[
{
"body": "There is little difference in the function as hearsay, but らしい tells the\nspeaker's \"interpretation\" of the fact, while そうだ is mentally a quote to the\nspeaker, that needs to be kept faithful to what they originally heard.\n\nWhat I mean is:\n\n> **X** : Aさんも参加するんですか？ _Will A-san join us?_\n>\n> **Y** : その日は病院に行くって言ってました。 _S/he said s/he'll see doctor that day._\n>\n> **X** :\n>\n> * Aさんは病院（○ らしい／○ だそう）です。\n> * Aさんは病院に行くので来れない（○ らしい／△ そう）です。\n> * Aさんは来れない（○ らしい／× そう）です。\n>\n\nOn the other hand, らしい is not suitable when the source is perfectly reliable:\n\n> **X** : Aさんも参加するんですか？\n>\n> **A** : その日は病院に行きます。\n>\n> **X** : Aさんは病院（× らしい／○ だそう）です。\n\n**Bonus** : _never_ confuse [dictionary form] + そう and [masu-stem (連用形) /\nstem] + そう. The latter tells what the speaker collects from their direct\nsensation (look, sound, taste, ...).\n\n```\n\n hearsay sensation\n 行くそうだ 行きそうだ\n おいしいそうだ おいしそうだ\n きれいだそうだ きれいそうだ\n \n```",
"comment_count": 8,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-20T03:35:21.957",
"id": "80242",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-20T03:44:17.360",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-20T03:44:17.360",
"last_editor_user_id": "7810",
"owner_user_id": "7810",
"parent_id": "80233",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
80233
| null |
80242
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "It's a weird question, but I gotta ask. Let's say I keep sneezing a lot and\nwant to explain to someone that it's because of the sun. So in English I'd\nsimply say \"It's the sun.\" as an explanation. So how do I say something like\nthis in Japanese? Which word for \"sun\" do I use? 日、太陽、天日? Is saying\n「日ですから。」correct?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-19T15:24:25.467",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80234",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-19T21:08:21.090",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "38679",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "Which word for \"sun\" should I use?",
"view_count": 123
}
|
[
{
"body": "\"The sun\" itself is 太陽, so you could say:\n\n> 太陽のせいです。 (It's because of/due to the sun)\n\nEDIT: Although not incorrect grammatically speling, the following sentence\ndoes not sound natural (please see the comment by @Naruto):\n\n> 太陽でくしゃみします 。( [I/You] sneeze due to the sun, sounds like \"[I/You] sneeze\n> using the sun\").\n\nHowever, I don't see the connection between sneezing and the sun. If you can\nprovide more context beyond \"It's the sun\", we will be able to assist you\nfurther.\n\nAlso note that both せいで and で are used only when the outcome is something\nnegative (like becoming ill, having a sneeze or such). You can't use them for\npositive outcomes.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-19T15:39:15.853",
"id": "80235",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-19T21:08:21.090",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-19T21:08:21.090",
"last_editor_user_id": "32952",
"owner_user_id": "32952",
"parent_id": "80234",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80234
| null |
80235
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80237",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I came across\n\n> もったいないお化けがでる\n\nWhat does that mean?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-19T16:52:06.077",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80236",
"last_activity_date": "2021-06-24T06:50:23.927",
"last_edit_date": "2021-06-24T06:50:23.927",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "31222",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 9,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"culture",
"sentence",
"food"
],
"title": "Meaning of もったいないお化けがでる",
"view_count": 869
}
|
[
{
"body": "If you don't finish your plate, then the leftover food will come to life and\nthis you call もったいないお化け.\n\n[Apparently](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%82%E3%81%A3%E3%81%9F%E3%81%84%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84%E3%81%8A%E5%8C%96%E3%81%91),\nthis concept originates in [this TV\nspot](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6be2IvKKdo4) and as far as I can tell is\nalso nowadays a common way to encourage children to finish their plate.\n\nTelling children that their leftover food will turn into monsters if they\ndon't eat it may sound quite bizarre when you say it like this, but I guess in\nthe context of Japanese culture it is not such an outlandish idea, considering\nthat objects may have a kind of \"soul\".",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-19T17:43:05.270",
"id": "80237",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-19T20:57:36.443",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-19T20:57:36.443",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "1628",
"parent_id": "80236",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 9
}
] |
80236
|
80237
|
80237
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80240",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I've provided the context of what made me ask this question below, as it could\njust be that I am misunderstanding the passage.\n\nIf I understand correctly, the first person is explaining that their friend\nhas a めがねコンプレックス because she was teased by one of her classmates about this\nwhen she was younger(she is in high school now). The second person responds\nsaying that's childish (I believe referring to the complex). The third person\nthen responds saying they are just a kid so it can't be helped.\n\n「あの子、めがねコンプレックスらしいからね。小さい頃、同級生の男子にからかわれたとかで」\n\n「子供っぽい」\n\n「 **実際子供なんだから** 仕方ない」\n\nHowever, they are all in high school, admittedly the person they are\ndiscussing is 1 year younger than them, so I'm not really sure that 実際子供 makes\nsense unless I am misunderstanding things.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-19T19:55:06.150",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80239",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-20T01:54:52.267",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40051",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Up until what age are you a 子供?",
"view_count": 259
}
|
[
{
"body": "The definition of 子供/大人 is loose, and I don't think the third person said\n実際子供なんだ with a specific age threshold in mind. See: [What's the difference\nbetween 成人 and 大人?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/2986/5010)\n\nHere, I think 子供だ said by the third speaker refers to almost the same thing as\n子供っぽい. I would interpret this exchange like this:\n\n> \"This (specific way of thinking) is childish.\"\n>\n> \"But (we all know) she _is_ (always) a childish person.\"",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-20T01:54:52.267",
"id": "80240",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-20T01:54:52.267",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80239",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80239
|
80240
|
80240
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80243",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "ゲームの世界での“欠点”が気になって引っかかっていて、図らずも知恵の輪を解きたいような。\n\nI think this sentence is about the writer getting annoyed and bother by fault\nin the game but what purpose does いて serve here can't the sentence do just\nfine without it?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-20T02:14:58.727",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80241",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-20T11:42:29.847",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40064",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What does いて do here?",
"view_count": 92
}
|
[
{
"body": "引っかかっていて is the て form of 引っかかっている, so your question boils down to the\ndifference between 引っかかる and 引っかかっている. Based on\n[this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/3122/when-\nis-v%E3%81%A6%E3%81%84%E3%82%8B-the-continuation-of-action-and-when-is-it-the-\ncontinuation-of-state?noredirect=1&lq=1), change-in-state verbs like 引っかかる,\nwhen conjugated to ている, that is 引っかかっている, emphasizes that he is **currently**\nin the state brought about by the verb. Without the ている the **present-ness**\nis not emphasized.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-20T04:03:08.833",
"id": "80243",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-20T11:42:29.847",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-20T11:42:29.847",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "29327",
"parent_id": "80241",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
80241
|
80243
|
80243
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80246",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am reading this manga called Spy x Family; In one of the pages there is a\ncar accident caused by a failure of the car break, resulting in the death of a\nDiplomat.\n\nLater in a meeting, the following sentence is spoken:\n\n> だが当局は東の極右政党による暗殺と見ている。- But the authorities see it as an assassination by\n> the eastern far right political party.\n\nSo my question is: Is して omitted in と見ている？ Or is it a different piece of\ngrammar I am not aware of?\n\nIs it ok to say として見ている or として見られている here?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-20T05:16:13.373",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80244",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-20T09:25:05.710",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-20T09:18:02.347",
"last_editor_user_id": "16104",
"owner_user_id": "16104",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-と",
"manga"
],
"title": "して omitted in として?",
"view_count": 138
}
|
[
{
"body": "No, して is not omitted. 見る is one of the [verbs that take\nAをB(だ)と](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/55169/5010). The following\nsentences roughly mean the same thing:\n\n * 当局は(この事故を)東の極右政党による暗殺 **だと** 見ている。\n * 当局は(この事故を)東の極右政党による暗殺 **と** 見ている。\n * 当局は(この事故を)東の極右政党による暗殺 **として** 見ている。\n\nPlease see also: [Difference between だと vs と before\n認める](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/55990/5010)",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-20T08:17:24.050",
"id": "80246",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-20T09:25:05.710",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-20T09:25:05.710",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80244",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80244
|
80246
|
80246
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80248",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Context: A, B and C are all students. A and C are friends who study in the\nsame school. B wears a different uniform than them, though I don't know if\nthis means she is from a different school or a higher grade since B is\nslightly older than them. B is very well known among students since there are\nmany rumors about her. After seeing B walking somewhere, A says to C:\n\n> A: Bさんだ。\n>\n> C: え?\n>\n> A: Bさんだよ。うちの上の学校の.\n\nI realize that うち can mean someone's \"group\" as in their family, school, etc.\nBut I can't figure out what it means in this specific phrase.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-20T05:55:55.647",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80245",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-20T18:57:13.587",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-20T17:21:48.563",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "39007",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"usage"
],
"title": "Meaning of うちの上 in phrase",
"view_count": 255
}
|
[
{
"body": "~~Yes, うち means \"our home/house/office/etc\". If there is no context, this\nうちの上の学校 should just mean うちの上にある学校, or the school that is located somewhere\nabove their house. Is there a hill around their house?~~\n\n~~Another less likely possibility is うちの上の子の学校, or the school which their\nolder child attends. 上の子 means \"the older child\", but when there is no chance\nof confusion, 上 by itself sometimes can represent 上の子 (e.g., うちは上が8歳になりました).\nBut this interpretation depends on the context. Unless they have been talking\nabout their kids, this interpretation is not very likely.~~\n\n**EDIT:** Checked the actual game clip and the basic setting of the game\ndescribed in\n[Wikipedia](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A3%85%E7%94%B2%E6%82%AA%E9%AC%BC%E6%9D%91%E6%AD%A3).\nIt's probably \"the school one stage higher than ours\" as broccoli suggested.\nBut this is indeed a roundabout and puzzling expression — why didn't he simply\nsay 高校 or something? Well, although she might look like a 女子 **高** 生, the\nauthor probably did not want to explicitly mention what type of school she\nattends, as this was an eroge and her age must not be specified. If you happen\nto know why the term [女子 **校**\n生](https://dic.nicovideo.jp/a/%E5%A5%B3%E5%AD%90%E6%A0%A1%E7%94%9F) is often\nused in eroge, this seemingly weird expression is in the same vein.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-20T10:17:56.940",
"id": "80248",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-20T18:57:13.587",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-20T18:57:13.587",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80245",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
80245
|
80248
|
80248
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80251",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I saw it in this tanka that I'm trying to translate:\n\n> 偽のある世にだにもふるさとの契りわすれず雁の **ゆくらん**",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-20T08:25:37.040",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80247",
"last_activity_date": "2021-12-10T07:35:50.907",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-20T16:29:41.340",
"last_editor_user_id": "7810",
"owner_user_id": "40066",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"classical-japanese",
"auxiliaries"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of らん in ゆくらん?",
"view_count": 388
}
|
[
{
"body": "In this sentence, ゆくらん = ゆく \"go\" + らん. らん is a later spelling for the\nauxiliary [らむ](https://kobun.weblio.jp/content/%E3%82%89%E3%82%80). It falls\nunder the following definition.\n\n> ② 〔現在の原因の推量〕…（のため）だろう。どうして…だろう。▽目の前の事態からその原因・理由となる事柄を推量する。 \n> _must be —ing because of; why should ... be —ing_? (speculating the\n> cause/reason out of the present state of affairs)\n\n**Addendum** : the translation of so-called 原因推量 usage of らむ could be tricky,\nbecause it is used in such a construction:\n\n> V1(-continuation)、V2らむ\n\nto mean \"V1, [which must be] why V2 now\". Thus if V1 is not provided, it\nbecomes \"why [have to (end up)] V2 now\". For the latter case, a word means\n\"why\" can be explicitly added, too.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-20T16:10:06.660",
"id": "80251",
"last_activity_date": "2021-12-10T07:35:50.907",
"last_edit_date": "2021-12-10T07:35:50.907",
"last_editor_user_id": "7810",
"owner_user_id": "7810",
"parent_id": "80247",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
80247
|
80251
|
80251
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was doing some JLPT listening exercises on\n[YouTube](https://youtu.be/-SbVXO2ogjs?t=440) and found these two expressions\nwhich I couldn't find any references on online dictionaries.\n\nI am looking for clarifications on the matter.\n\n1)履くための靴\n\n2)歩くための靴\n\n履くための靴 is the one on the video. It was translated as \"Inside Shoes\". Because I\ncouldn't find anything on Jisho.org, I searched for the expression on google\nimages. And then I found the second expression (歩くための靴), which I believe, by\nthe kanji, could mean \"Outside Shoes\"/\"Shoes for walking\" as contrasting to\nthe first option.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-20T13:06:46.957",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80250",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-22T07:16:19.003",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "39545",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"kanji"
],
"title": "\"歩くための靴\" VS \"履くための靴 \"",
"view_count": 107
}
|
[
{
"body": "履くための靴 means \"shoes for wearing\", but this makes little sense in isolation.\nHere the video says 中で履くための靴, where this 中で means \"indoors\". 中で履くための靴\nliterally means \"shoes for wearing indoors\". This type of shoes are usually\nsimply called [上履き](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uwabaki) in Japanese, but\nslippers would do if you don't own ones.\n\nThere is a word 外履き ( _sotobaki_ , \"outside shoes\"), but this is used only\nwhen the contrast with 上履き is important. If we simply say 靴 without context,\nit refers to 外履き.\n\n歩くための靴 is not a fixed phrase. Maybe it refers to something like sneakers or\nlight trekking shoes, but its meaning should depend on the context.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-22T07:16:19.003",
"id": "80271",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-22T07:16:19.003",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80250",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80250
| null |
80271
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I would like to know which is the meaning of the structure ～ずにはすまない.\n\nAccording to several pages that I've found on Google, it means \"must, have to\"\nas well as ～なければならない. However, in other websites ～ずにはすまない seems to mean \"not\nhaving another option than\" (like ～ざるを得ない). If ～ずにはすまない means the same as\n～なければならない or ～ざるを得ない, I would like to know the difference between these\nstructures.\n\nIf besides that, you could please give me an example of ～ずにはすまない I would be\nreally thankful.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-20T17:10:47.680",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80252",
"last_activity_date": "2020-10-23T20:01:25.203",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29677",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning"
],
"title": "Meaning of ずにはすまない",
"view_count": 221
}
|
[
{
"body": "As far as I understand, ~ず is a more formal alternative to ~ないで ~~and すむ is\n\"to live\", so it will be something along the lines of \"Can't live without\n~ing\", which would match both \"have to\" and \"not having another option\nthan\".~~ and my guess about すむ was completely off. See @Nanigashi 's comment\nbelow.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-24T11:07:57.430",
"id": "80299",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-23T19:58:54.900",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-23T19:58:54.900",
"last_editor_user_id": "39017",
"owner_user_id": "39017",
"parent_id": "80252",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
80252
| null |
80299
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "In context, the character, who currently coaches for his school’s team, was\ncalled out by his 先生 as she could tell he was 焦っている.\n\n他校の練習の充実ぶりに圧倒され、なかなか先に進まない練習と、何よりも自分に。\n\n**焦りが見えることを、先生は見透かしていた** 。\n\nA quick google turned up another similar usage (or what I think is similar) on\nthis\n[page](https://auracolor.com.tw/blog/007-%E3%82%AB%E3%82%B8%E3%83%8E%E3%83%AD%E3%83%AF%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A4%E3%83%AB-%E3%83%8D%E3%82%BF%E3%83%90%E3%83%AC-%E8%A7%A3%E8%AA%AC-\nafd58b) about Casino Royale (James Bond):\n\nゲームをプレイするボンドは、シッフルに焦りが見えることを見抜き\n\nHowever, what is confusing me is that I understood 見透かす/見抜き to be used to \"see\nthrough\" something i.e. to see through the surface level. I understand 焦りが見える\nto mean something like 焦り is visible / can be seen. Clearly \"seeing through\"\nsomething which is visible doesn't make any sense to me so I'm obviously\nmisunderstanding something somewhere.\n\nIf this was literally what it was saying, then what would have been the\ndifference in meaning if he had said something like:\n\n俺が焦っているのを、先生は見透かしていた",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-20T19:43:22.423",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80254",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-20T19:43:22.423",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40051",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Meaning of 焦りが見えることを見透かしていた",
"view_count": 66
}
|
[] |
80254
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80261",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm familiar with using the causative from to request something for oneself,\nas in \"could you let me do this, please\" (やらせていただけませんか). However, I've come\nacross this sentence:\n\n```\n\n 17時までにこの仕事を終わらせてください。\n \n```\n\nThis seems to me to say \"please finish the work\", but with the causative form\nit would be something like \"make it be finished\", which doesn't make sense.\n\nSo, why is the causative form of 終わる used? Is it the causative form in the\nfirst place or it's something else?\n\nThank you very much.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-20T19:44:32.153",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80255",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-21T02:09:26.650",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "35229",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"causation"
],
"title": "Causative form to request others to do something",
"view_count": 188
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 仕事 **を** 終わらせて\n\n終わらせる is the causative verb of 終わる (intransitive).\n\nHere the thing that 終わる is 仕事.\n\n仕事が終わる -- the work ends \n（あなたが）仕事を終わらせる -- _lit._ (you) make the work end → \"(you) finish the work\"\n\nIn 「17時までにこの仕事を終わらせてください。」, the subject of 終わらせる is \"you\" (unmentioned), and\nthe object is 仕事.\n\nSimilar examples:\n\n> 「工期が遅れる」 - 「（人が）工期を遅らせる」 \n> 「車が走る」 - 「車を走らせる」 \n> 「不安が募る」 - 「不安を募らせる」 \n> 「足が滑る」 - 「足を滑らせる」 \n> 「母が困る」 - 「母を困らせる」",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-21T01:58:07.337",
"id": "80261",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-21T02:09:26.650",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-21T02:09:26.650",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "80255",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
80255
|
80261
|
80261
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "海外で目指すビジネスのねらいについて、下村さんは、「僕らは『世界の農業の頭脳』になりたい。データを集めることで、例えば、 _地球温暖化の原因 **と**\nされるメタンガスをあまり出さない牛を_どうしたら作ることができるかも提案できる」と夢を語ってくれました。\n\nIs と working here as WITH or IF or what? Personally I think is WITH, but I am\nnot so sure.\n\nMy breaking down of the sentence: *地球温暖化の原因 **と**\nされるメタンガスをあまり出さない牛をどうしたら作ることができるかも提案できる\n\nearth warming's cause (WITH or IF or WHAT)done methane gas を not-much-emit cow\nを what things make が able may propose be able to.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-20T20:34:07.833",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80256",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-21T01:25:21.733",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33280",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"particles"
],
"title": "How is と working here?",
"view_count": 101
}
|
[
{
"body": "This is a quotative use of と. 下村さん is explaining his aspiration for creating\nan overseas business.\n\nThe main sentence is\n\n> 海外で目指すビジネスのねらいについて、下村さんは、夢を語ってくれました。\n\nThe nature of his dream is expressed in the と clause\n\n>\n> 僕らは『世界の農業の頭脳』になりたい。データを集めることで、例えば、地球温暖化の原因とされるメタンガスをあまり出さない牛をどうしたら作ることができるかも提案できる\n\nHere’s a partial rendering\n\n> Regarding his aspiration for an overseas business, Mr Shitamura told us\n> about his dream of how they would like to become world experts in\n> agriculture....\n\nThere is a second と in the phrase 原因とされる but in context, that's\n\n> 地球温暖化の原因とされるメタンガス\n\nwhich is a phrase where .\n\n> 地球温暖化の原因とされる\n\nis a relative clause. This clause says\n\n> Methane, which is the source of global warming,...\n\nOther than these two instances, there is no third instance of the particle と.\nsaying\n\nSince from your comments it seems you wrestling with how these parts all fit\ntogether here is how to render the portion about their ambition:\n\n> For example, from our collected data, we will be able to propose how we\n> might create cows that don’t produce much methane which is a source of\n> global warming.",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-20T20:59:56.173",
"id": "80257",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-21T01:18:05.700",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-21T01:18:05.700",
"last_editor_user_id": "4875",
"owner_user_id": "4875",
"parent_id": "80256",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "> 〔地球温暖化の原因 **と** される〕メタンガス\n\nAs the other poster says, 地球温暖化の原因とされる is a relative clause that modifies\nメタンガス.\n\nNow how about thinking of it this way...\n\nIts non-relative version is: メタンガス **が** 地球温暖化の原因 **とされる**\n\n「XXがYYとされる」 -- \"XX is regarded as YY\" \"XX is considered to be YY\".\n\nSo this literally means \"Methane **is regarded as** the source of global\nwarming\".\n\nAnd its non-passive version can be: （我々が）メタン **を** 地球温暖化の原因 **とする**\n\n「（人が）XXをYYとする」 -- \"(Someone) regard XX as YY\".\n\nwhich literally means \"(We) **regard** methane **as** the source of global\nwarming\".\n\nSo the phrase in your sentence literally means:\n\n> \"Methane, which is regarded as the source of global warming\"\n\nFor this grammar point, @Naruto's answer in this thread might help:\n\n[Did I parse and interprete this sentence\ncorrectly?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/56395/9831)\n\n* * *\n\nHow about parsing the sentence this way:\n\n> 〔〈（地球温暖化の原因とされる）メタンガスをあまり出さない〉牛をどうしたら作ることができるか*〕も提案できる\n\n_Lit._ \"We/I will be able to propose 〔how we/they can make cows 〈which don't\nemit much methane （which is considered as the source of global warming）〉〕.\n\n*「どうしたら/どうすれば～～できるか」「どうしたら/どうすれば + potential」 means \"How we can do~~\" \"What we should do to~~\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-21T01:06:41.567",
"id": "80259",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-21T01:25:21.733",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-21T01:25:21.733",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "80256",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80256
| null |
80259
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80265",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "「The Last of Us Part II」は感染症によってゾンビのような怪物になり果てた人間がはびこる、荒廃した世界を舞台としている。 From\nJisho the word means completely, so does it mean in this passage that the\npeople become completely zombies?",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-21T02:28:34.863",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80262",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-21T10:25:01.923",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-21T04:58:03.457",
"last_editor_user_id": "40064",
"owner_user_id": "40064",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "I don't understand what 果てた mean?",
"view_count": 192
}
|
[
{
"body": "There are more than two handfuls of V果てる compound verbs, though I'm hesitant\nto say that it is fully productive.\n\nIt adds a nuance \"thoroughly and irreversibly\" to the base verb (呆れ果てる,\n消え果てる), and often carries a connotation of \"ruined\" (荒れ果てる, 朽ち果てる). Few\ninstances actually translate into \"wholly\" in number (絶え果てる).\n\nなり果てる is なる \"turn into\" + 果てる, which suggests that their humanity (or that\nlike) has been perished. Incidentally we occasionally use 変わり果てる to describe a\nbody of violent death.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-21T10:25:01.923",
"id": "80265",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-21T10:25:01.923",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7810",
"parent_id": "80262",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
80262
|
80265
|
80265
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "This is from the first Conan manga. Some mobsters have just knocked out Conan,\nand one of them says:\n\n> こいつ、[殺]{バラ}しやすかい⁉︎\n\nWhat is going on here grammatically? Is it し易い with the い dropped, so it means\n\"Shouldn't it be easy to kill this guy? / Can't we just kill him?\"?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-21T08:45:21.377",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80263",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-21T08:45:21.377",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "16253",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"colloquial-language",
"reading-comprehension"
],
"title": "Meaning of 殺しやすかい",
"view_count": 58
}
|
[] |
80263
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 私の妻はこの古いよい帽子を私にすててほしいと思っている。\n\nI understand this sentence, but when I dissect it, I realize I'm not sure why\nに is being used. Does anyone care to explain?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-21T21:51:11.887",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80266",
"last_activity_date": "2023-05-19T00:01:05.127",
"last_edit_date": "2021-01-19T19:57:51.807",
"last_editor_user_id": "816",
"owner_user_id": "40080",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particles",
"particle-に"
],
"title": "Function of 私に when someone else wants someone to do something",
"view_count": 276
}
|
[
{
"body": "Welcome to the site! I'm new, too. (For me it's more about old shoes than\nhats; when your feet get used to them, it is hard to throw them away no matter\nhow much your wife is yelling...)\n\nIn general, the sentence was a bit clumsy, I think, but AFAIK the に is used\ncorrectly. (=She wants **you** to be the person to throw it away). I don't\nknow about your Japanese skills, so, allow me, we need to get used also to\nillogical structures, esp. when seen from the English point of view). I mean,\nI have still difficulties even to accept that AはB _ **に**_ 勝った is OK...",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-22T15:35:11.693",
"id": "80277",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-22T15:35:11.693",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34261",
"parent_id": "80266",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
80266
| null |
80277
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80290",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Following scene: Evil henchman grabs girl threatening her and asks her if she\nwon't become his woman to which the girl reluctantly declines and says that\nshe already has somebody in her life. The bad guy starts laughing and lets her\ngo, shooing her away. Cue good guy:\n\n> 読めねぇな・・・あんただけは\n\n_You're the only one I can never predict._\n\nBad guy responds:\n\n> 俺は 正直モンが好きなだけや \n> 人の顔色うかがったり **せんと** \n> 俺がそうやからなぁ\n\n_I just like honest people who don't care about the other party's feelings.\nI'm like that, y'know._\n\nIn italics my translation. My question pertains to the bolded「せんと」. My initial\nthought was that this meant「～しないと（だめだ）」but that wouldn't make any sense in\nthis context ( _I like honest people. They gotta consider the other party\ntoo._ ) I've googled this construction and found out that it can also\nmean「～しないで」or「～せず」. Given that, would I be correct to assume that the latter\nmeaning here is intended and that the guys line is simply abbreviated - if I\nwere to take a guess, the whole thing could go like\nthis:「人の顔色うかがったりせんと［しないで］言いたいこと言うだけやから（正直な人が好き）」?\n\nThank you in advance!\n\nEDIT：[The scene in question](https://youtu.be/gVOlbhDjsDQ), the relevant part\nstarts at 21:55, the lines mentioned above occur at 23:15.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-21T23:50:39.597",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80267",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-08-23T11:52:44.980",
"last_editor_user_id": "35224",
"owner_user_id": "35224",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"kansai-ben"
],
"title": "関西弁 「～せんと」- More than just「～しないと」?",
"view_count": 221
}
|
[
{
"body": "I watched the video clip but I'm still unsure about this. It's hard for me to\ninterpret this as a pure Kansai-ben sentence. But I agree that this cannot be\na conditional-と.\n\nThis may be \"explanatory-と\" used instead of の mainly in Kyushu dialects. For\nexample, そうじゃなかと is そうじゃないんだ, and 彼は言わんと is 彼は言わないんだ in Kyushu-ben. Then the\nwhole sentence would mean (正直モンは)人の顔色を伺ったりしないんだ, which would fit the context.\n\nLooks like Majima is known as a person who speaks an unnatural Kansai-ben with\nwrong intonation (cf\n[真島弁](https://dengekionline.com/elem/000/000/145/145904/)). This is a hunch,\nbut maybe the writer intentionally mixed a little Kyushu-ben to make his\nspeech more unnatural?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-23T16:47:59.637",
"id": "80290",
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"score": 1
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80267
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80290
|
80290
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am able to understand できるもんなら作る, but I don't understand the way ってのが is\nused, which I've come to learn is the contraction of というのが\n\nSo, in which way is ってのが being used?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-22T02:26:24.313",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80268",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-22T06:48:25.443",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "40081",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"modality"
],
"title": "How can you interpret \"できるもんなら作るよ ってのが\"",
"view_count": 85
}
|
[
{
"body": "っての is というの, and が is a plain subject marker. So it's basically like this:\n\n> \"I'd make it if it were something I can make\" **is ...**\n\nThis is an incomplete sentence, and the corresponding predicate is missing.\nMaybe you've missed the remaining part of this sentence in the following page,\nor maybe the predicate of this sentence can be inferred from the context. If\nthis still doesn't make sense, please share the context (perhaps several\nsentences before and after this).",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-22T06:48:25.443",
"id": "80269",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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}
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80268
| null |
80269
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80274",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The sentence 来た人をごはんにして食べるんだ comes from [this source](https://www.wasabi-\njpn.com/japanese-lessons/4-8-the-restaurant-that-has-many-orders/) as N4\nreading. However, I find some higher-level grammars appear in these N4 lessons\nso I have a confusion here.\n\n 1. Is にして here [にして of N1 grammar](https://japanesetest4you.com/flashcard/learn-jlpt-n1-grammar-%E3%81%AB%E3%81%97%E3%81%A6-ni-shite/) or [にする of N5 grammar](https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%E3%81%AB%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B-ni-suru-meaning/)?\n 2. Does を support して or 食べる?\n 3. What is the literal translation of the sentence?\n\nThank you very much in advance.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-22T10:03:56.087",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80273",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-22T11:47:21.657",
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"owner_user_id": "40084",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Grammar interpretation of 来た人をごはんにして食べるんだ",
"view_count": 104
}
|
[
{
"body": "1. This is a part of the `A + を + B + にする` construction, which means \"to make A B\", \"to turn A into B\", etc. (B can be either a noun or a na-adjective).\n\n> * 死者をゾンビにする to turn the dead into zombies\n> * 火曜日を休みにする to make Tuesday a day off\n> * 部屋をきれいにする to make the room clean\n\n 2. 来た人を attaches to して (because it's part of the AをBにする construction), but 来た人 (\"a person who came\") is the object of both する and 食べる, anyway. See the translation below.\n\n 3. \"It's that [the chef] turns a person who came in (to this restaurant) into a meal and eats [him].\"",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-22T11:38:09.053",
"id": "80274",
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"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80273",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
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80273
|
80274
|
80274
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "あなたのへんがお写真を、シアトル市におくります。 What is the function of が here? why not あなたのへんなお写真？",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-22T14:35:26.340",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80275",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-22T14:41:35.470",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40080",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-の",
"particle-が",
"adjectives"
],
"title": "Function of が instead of な here",
"view_count": 65
}
|
[
{
"body": "This is a context sentence from WaniKani, right? They don't use kanji in the\nsentences if you haven't learned them yet.\n\nへんがお is 変顔 \"funny face\", like the kind you make when fooling around.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-22T14:41:35.470",
"id": "80276",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-22T14:41:35.470",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20479",
"parent_id": "80275",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
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80275
| null |
80276
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In most online dictionaries, if you look up 居る, it gives you two readings: いる,\nformerly ゐる, and おる, formerly をる.\n\nHowever, I can't tell what the difference in connotation or usage would be. I\ncouldn't find too many resources or articles talking about this.\n\nWiktionary states the following etymology:\n\n> Listed in some sources as derived from the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or\n> stem form”) _wi_ of verb _wiru_ (modern いる (iru)) + ある (aru). The\n> conjugation paradigm for _woru_ is indeed the same as _aru_ for Classical\n> and Old Japanese. However, the resulting compounded _*wiaru_ form would\n> ordinarily become _yaru_ or _eru_ via historical phonetic change, and the\n> vowel shift to /o/ is unexplainable in this hypothesis.\n\nWiktionary also states basically the same definitions for both the verbs いる\nand おる.\n\nいる:\n\n> [verb] (of animate objects) to exist, to be\n>\n> [verb] (of animate objects) to have\n\nおる:\n\n> [verb] (of animate objects) to exist, to be, to have\n\nSo what's the difference in usage between いる and おる? Is formality all there is\nto it? Or is there other differences? When should one use おる instead of いる?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-22T16:43:28.177",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80278",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-23T04:37:32.250",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "39722",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"verbs"
],
"title": "居る (いる) vs 居る (おる)",
"view_count": 1413
}
|
[
{
"body": "Have you ever learned about keigo? The first thing you have to learn about おる\nis that it's the **humble** equivalent of いる, just like いらっしゃる is the\nhonorific equivalent of いる. This is something explained in a grammar textbook\nrather than a word-based Japanese-English dictionary.\n\nAfter learning that, there are two important exceptions regarding おる:\n\n * おる is sometimes used like いる, especially in western speech. It's also used in stereotypical old people's speech or \"arrogant nobles\" speech. \n * [おる in honorific contexts](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/26091/5010)\n * [Existence verbs in the Kansai Dialect](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/61178/5010)\n * [What is the difference between 「しております」and 「しています」?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/45234/5010)\n * As formal [中止法](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/9771/5010), おり is normally used instead of い, and this has nothing to do with humbleness or dialectal/arrogant nuances. \n * [Does anyone know which おり this is?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/3334/5010)\n * [meaning of \"~しており、....\"? isn't that 謙譲語{けんじょうご}?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/14698/5010)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-23T04:32:02.187",
"id": "80286",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-23T04:37:32.250",
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"parent_id": "80278",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
80278
| null |
80286
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80287",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I was looking up the use of the 豆 radical and I noticed something strange in\nmultiple dictionaries. Of the 60 kanji that use 豆, 59 of them are also said to\nuse 口. The the 1 that does not is\n[鱧](https://jisho.org/search/%E9%B1%A7%20%23kanji). Numerous other kanji\nappear to use 豆 in the same way as 鱧, so why is 鱧 an exception?",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-22T16:58:16.273",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80279",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-23T11:51:54.137",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7790",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"radicals"
],
"title": "Why does 鱧 not contain the 口 radical?",
"view_count": 351
}
|
[
{
"body": "For accuracy purposes, I'll advise you to ignore whatever you've read from\n_jisho_ or elsewhere about \"radicals\". If you wish to use these graphical\nprimitive parts for mnemonics purposes, that's fine, but since they don't\nreally have anything to do with the Japanese language, I would classify such\nways of looking at _kanji_ as **opinion-based**. 「口」 isn't functionally in any\nof these characters, apart from its appearance as a collection of strokes\nwritten in the shape of 「口」.\n\n* * *\n\n「[鱧]{れい}」 ( _a type of fish_ ) is comprised of semantic 「魚」 ( _fish_ ) and\nphonetic 「[豊]{れい}」. It's not a good idea to further try decomposing 「豊」 (and\ngenerally not a good idea to decompose characters at more than a surface-\nlevel), as the results likely won't have anything to do with the meanings or\nsounds of 「鱧」 in a direct manner.\n\n「[豊]{れい}」 is part of a [phonetic series of\ncharacters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonetic_series_\\(Chinese_characters\\)),\nbut due to some modern changes in the Japanese writing system, the phonetic\nnature of this _kanji_ is difficult to get a grasp on, and shows up very\nrarely:\n\n * Japanese uses the shape 「豊」 as a [simplification](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shinjitai) of 「[豐]{ほう}」, but this is non-orthodox, as 「豊」 and 「豐」 originally represented different [morphemes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morpheme);\n * 「[豊]{れい}」 is the phonetic component of 「[體]{たい}」 ([ _Shinjitai_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shinjitai): 「体」);\n * 「[豊]{れい}」 is the phonetic component of 「[禮]{れい}」 ( _Shinjitai_ : 「礼」).\n\n* * *\n\nThe following would be better asked in separate questions, as they don't\nactually have anything to do with the meanings and sounds of 「鱧」:\n\n * Why does 「豊」 look like it contains 「豆」?\n * Why does 「豆」 look like it contains 「口」?",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-23T03:19:06.263",
"id": "80284",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-23T03:19:06.263",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "26510",
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"score": 4
},
{
"body": "So I downloaded <ftp://ftp.monash.edu/pub/nihongo/kradzip.zip>, unpacked it\nand re-encoded all files using `iconv -s -f EUC-JP-MS -t UTF-8 kradfile >\nkradfile.utf8.txt` and so on. Yes, this is a somewhat ancient encoding\napparently modified by Microsoft. Gross. When I then search with `rg --color\nansi --line-number --follow -Pi 并 .` for occurrences of 并 I find, among\nothers, these entries:\n\n```\n\n 平 : 干 并\n 屰 : 一 并 屮\n 崹 : ｜ 亠 并 冂 冖 山 巾\n 嵭 : 亠 并 冖 山 方\n 嵰 : ｜ 丶 ノ 并 山 ヨ\n 嶒 : ｜ ハ 并 口 山 日\n 嶟 : 并 寸 山 酉\n \n```\n\nIt would look like 并 has been used to symbolize 䒑 which probably has no JIS\ncode. So that's that.\n\nNow when you look for characters with 豆 then sure enough 鱧 is among them.\nFurthermore, all characters that have 豆 also have 并 (meaning 䒑) and 口, except\nfor 鱧, which lacks it (and it also appears in only one of the two files with\ncharacter components):\n\n```\n\n 鱧 : ｜ 魚 田 豆 日 杰\n 尌 : 并 十 口 士 寸 豆\n 巇 : 并 匕 卜 厂 口 山 戈 虍 豆\n 幮 : ｜ 并 冂 十 口 士 寸 巾 广 豆\n 愷 : 并 口 山 忙 豆\n 憘 : 并 十 口 士 忙 豆\n 暟 : 并 口 山 日 曰 豆\n 暿 : 一 并 十 口 士 日 豆\n 曀 : 并 冖 口 士 日 豆\n 梪 : 并 口 木 豆\n \n```\n\nMystery solved, it's just a quirk of the kradfile data that Jisho is sourced\non which has a few bumps. Observe that in the above, 忙 is yet another\nsurprising replacement character (for 忄 in this case), and you could probably\nfind many more eastereggs if you were to sift through the data.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-23T11:51:54.137",
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}
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80279
|
80287
|
80284
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80283",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In this context, would 仕掛けてきてた in 顔がもう仕掛けてきてたわ be:\n\n 1. to start; to begin; to commence\n\nor\n\n 2. to challenge; to pick (a fight); to make (war)\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/4Plot.png)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-23T01:36:23.210",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80281",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-23T03:15:13.033",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29512",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words"
],
"title": "仕掛けてきてた in this context",
"view_count": 71
}
|
[
{
"body": "It's closer to 2, except that what the guy tried to start with her was not a\nfight or a war. 仕掛ける can be used with anything that makes the other person\nupset or excited. \"Your face was tempting me already!\"\n\n> ###\n> [仕掛ける](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E4%BB%95%E6%8E%9B%E3%81%91%E3%82%8B-517246)\n>\n> １ 相手に対して、こちらから働きかける。相手が乗ってくるように扱う。仕向ける。「技を―・ける」「けんかを―・けられる」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-23T03:15:13.033",
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80281
|
80283
|
80283
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80285",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I saw this structure on the caption of the anime Batman Ninja, when Joker is\nspeaking:\n\nそこの猿野郎が俺たちの頭をいじくってたってわけで\n\nI think the only thing I don't understand there is the たって, after the verb\nいじくる in the て form.\n\nI think the translation is something like this: This stupid monkey (gorilla\nGrodd) tampered with our heads. (I think there is no translation for the words\nわけで in the end. They are just there to show that his afirmation is a\nconclusion of what he had seem happening on the moment.)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-23T01:42:17.343",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80282",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-23T03:43:23.517",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "32588",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"translation",
"て-form"
],
"title": "Whats the meaning of the structure てたって?",
"view_count": 222
}
|
[
{
"body": "It's いじくってた + ってわけで.\n\n * いじくってた is a contracted version of いじくっていた (past progressive; \"was V-ing\")\n * って is a colloquial variant of と or という.\n * わけ (訳) means \"reason\" here. This whole sentence is supposed to be the reason or the clarification for what's discussed in the current context.\n\n> そこの猿野郎が俺たちの頭をいじくってたってわけで。 \n> = そこの猿野郎が俺たちの頭をいじくっていたというわけで。\n>\n> (Because / It is that) the monkey over there was messing with our heads.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-23T03:43:23.517",
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}
] |
80282
|
80285
|
80285
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{
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"body": "I wonder how the (common) Noun+する verbs, e.g. 勉強する, are perceived by native\nspeakers, especially children before the start of the formal education.\n\n 1. In the manner similar to English \"to do homework\" where there are clearly two separate parts - a noun and a verb \"to do\" (\"do\" is inflected and additional words can be inserted before \"homework\", e.g. \"I've done my homework\")\n\nor\n\n 2. as just a single unit which inflects similarly to the verb する, which will be along the lines of \"normalize\" in English where it's clear that it is derive from \"normal\", since this derivation scheme is productive in English, but is clearly an inseparable semantic and syntactic unit. Another example would be future tense inflection in French, which is historically derived from \"avoir\" following verb infinitive but have fused completely with the infinitive and is now perceived as part of word.\n\nI know that を can be inserted between the noun and the する part, but I am not\nsure how common this is and how this fact affects speakers' perception.\n\nI've looked for similar questions but haven't found any\n\nHere is some reference material about restrictions on suru-verbs formations\n<https://www.imabi.net/suruverbs.htm>. It says that some nouns require を, some\nforbid it and some are more lenient\n\n> When the particle を is required, する is interpreted literally. This する is\n> sometimes called a 重動詞 (heavy verb) in contrast to when it is just a\n> grammatical item. Notice that the words that only take をする are specific\n> activities: 強盗, テニス, 野球. Are these nouns then made verbs? No, they're\n> obligatorily marked by を and are thus functioning as direct objects.\n\nSo, I would guess I am talking about the \"non-heavy\" verbs",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-23T11:53:01.990",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"parsing"
],
"title": "する -verbs perception by native speakers",
"view_count": 170
}
|
[] |
80288
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80291",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "My question is to what exactly 縦に半回転する means.\n\nFor examples sake lets imagine a plane flying in the sky, and how I think its\norientation would change.\n\nWe will start of with the example that the plane is flying parallel to the\nground and maintaining the same height. If it was to 縦に半回転する then it would be\nflying upside down (180 degree rotation), I think.\n\nNow what if instead maintaining the same height, it was moving upwards at a 45\ndegree angle from vertically up. If this was to 縦に半回転する would it now be going\ndownwards at a 45 degree angle from vertically down, or would it be going in\nthe opposite direction (horizontally) compared to before?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-23T12:34:57.557",
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"last_editor_user_id": "39502",
"owner_user_id": "39502",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What does 縦に半回転する mean",
"view_count": 64
}
|
[
{
"body": "You can basically think of 縦回転 as \"vertical rotation\". In the case of\naircraft, I think 縦回転 would usually refer to the **pitching** motion.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/YgkEl.png)\n\n(From Wikipedia: [Aircraft principal\naxes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_principal_axes#Transverse_axis_\\(pitch\\)))\n\nSo yes, 縦に180度回転する would make the aircraft upside-down. (But 横180度回転 (180°\nroll) would also make it upside-down. Yawing is technically also 回転, but it's\nusually called 向きを変える in laypeople's terms.)",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2020-08-23T17:02:48.440",
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80289
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80291
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80291
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"body": "In the below I'm not quite sure how to understand the bold part. Before this\nhe was flash backing and describing an event from a few days ago where his\ngirlfriend 莉佳 was being very intimate (激しいスキンシップ but nothing of that nature).\n\n莉佳のことはもちろん大好きだけれど、その……ちょっと **その『好き』が強い感がある**\n\nThere's a few things I don't understand about what he says (and obviously the\nmeaning).\n\n * Why is 『好き』 in quotes? It doesn't seem like he is quoting anyone.\n * 感がある - What's the difference between 感じがする and 感がある",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2020-08-23T18:47:39.563",
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"owner_user_id": "40095",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What does 『好き』が強い感がある",
"view_count": 99
}
|
[
{
"body": "Here 好き is enclosed in brackets because the author knew this was a tricky\nexpression that may not make sense to the readers instantly. English double-\nquotes (`\"\"`) also has this function, too ([scare\nquotes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scare_quotes)).\n\n好きが強い is not an idiomatic expression, and this is not intended to be\ninterpreted in isolation. You have to make sense of it _from the context_. I\nexpect some sort of explanation follows after such a tricky expression.\n\nIf I have to guess, possible interpretations include:\n\n * My feeling is closer to \"like\" rather than \"love\"\n * Her feeling is closer to \"like\" rather than \"love\"\n * My \"love\" is so overwhelming\n\nThe difference between 感がある and 感じがする is small, but the former is relatively\nslangy, and tends to refer to an even more vague feeling the speaker is\nsomehow feeling.",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2020-08-24T02:40:15.573",
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80292
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80295
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80295
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"accepted_answer_id": "80297",
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"body": "If I would like to thank someone for their work (in the context of \"wow! what\na lovely sculpture! thank you for your effort/for letting us see this!\" or\n\"thank you for writing about this subject, it's pretty obscure!\"), would the\n~てくれて form still be the best choice to express this? From what I know so far,\nあげる/くれる/もらう are used for a pretty of personal level of giving and receiving,\nbut I of course don't want my thanks to imply the person created whatever they\ndid specifically for me (or for anyone but themselves, really!)",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2020-08-23T18:54:44.523",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-09-24T04:11:28.830",
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"owner_user_id": "40094",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"usage"
],
"title": "Can the ~てくれてありがとう form be used to thank someone for more general actions?",
"view_count": 111
}
|
[
{
"body": "If you want to thank someone you don't know personally for their work, you can\nuse \"-していただきありがとうございます\", honorifics in Japanese to express psychological\ndistance and respect at the same time.\n\nThis kind of honorific means to express your gratitude; \"I have so much\nrespect for you because I can't do something so amazing like you can! You are\nan amazing person in a very high place compared to me!\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-24T03:31:50.510",
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80293
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80297
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80297
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{
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"body": "> ちょっとこれ１本でどうやって食べろっていうのよイヤがらせ？\n\nI was watching Gabriel Dropout, Episode 2, and then I came across with that\nsentence, but I don't get the logic behind it.\n\nWhy is taberu even in imperative form? What does verb in imperative form +\nっていう mean?\n\nFor more context, this is their conversation:\n\n> Vignette:ガヴ割り箸取ってくれない？ \n> Vignette:ありがと \n> Gabriel:ほれ \n> Satania: ちょっとこれ１本でどうやって食べろっていうのよ \n> Satania: イヤがらせ？",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-23T20:28:21.703",
"favorite_count": 0,
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"last_edit_date": "2020-08-24T00:33:44.853",
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"owner_user_id": "40013",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"て-form",
"anime",
"imperatives"
],
"title": "What does ''食べろっていう'' mean",
"view_count": 220
}
|
[
{
"body": "「ちょっとこれ１本でどうやって食べろっていうのよ」 :Why do you say \"eat\" to me by just one of this\nchopstick? (How can I eat it?)\n\nIt is used as an antonym.\n\nOmitted「」on 食べろ may be making you confused.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2020-08-24T03:22:10.337",
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80294
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80296
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80296
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{
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"body": "All taken from「みんなの日本語」.\n\nThere is two「~そうだ」： \n-「ます-stemそうだ」(conjecture/guess) \n-「V-dictionnary そうだ」(hearsay). \n\nAnd for「~らしい」too: \nOne for hearsay and one for conjecture/guess (and other for typical property).\n\nFor the diffenrence between「~らしい」(hearsay) vs「~そうだ」(hearsay) : I ask\n[here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/80233/39752).\n\nSo, what is the difference between「ます-stemそうだ」(conjecture/guess)\nand「~らしい」(conjecture/guess)?\n\n> _I see big dark clouds_ \n> 雨が降るらしい。= 雨が降りそうです。? \n> both translate \"It looks like it's going to rain\" ?\n\nI didn't find in other topics the anwser. Can you help me?\n\nThanks.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-24T12:44:15.757",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80300",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-08-24T13:02:06.720",
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"owner_user_id": "39752",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"nuances"
],
"title": "「~らしい」(conjecture/guess) vs「~そうだ」(conjecture/guess)",
"view_count": 320
}
|
[
{
"body": "I tend to see the らしい (conjecture/guess) as closer to ようです than そうです. That is\nto say,\n\n 1. for そうです the conjecture is **based on how something looks** /physical appearence\n\n 2. whereas with らしい/ようです your conjecture is based on other **input different from pure physical look** , such as information you already had, indirect evidence, or whatever.\n\nTo be honest, the difference is more between そうです and ようです than between そうです\nand らしい, so it's possible that らしい could be used like in 1. too, overlapping\nwith そうです. I am not sure of this, but for what it's worth, I _**tend**_ to see\nらしい _**closer**_ to 2.\n\n* * *\n\nIf it helps, I attach you the description of the grammar point らしい\n(conjecture) given in my textbook, 「上級へのとびら」, lesson 6:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/15ktK.jpg)",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2020-08-24T13:41:51.307",
"id": "80301",
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{
"body": "With the enlightement of the anwser of @jarmanso7 and some research , I have\nmaybe understand the difference:\n\nSo, the difference between「ます-stemそうだ」(conjecture/guess)\nand「~らしい」(conjecture/guess), is, respectively, the same between conjecture and\nsupposition.\n\nEventually, the same difference between[「~らしい」(hearsay)\nvs「~そうだ」(hearsay)](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/80233/39752). \n「~らしい」(conjecture/guess) and「~ようだ」(conjecture/judgment), supposition and\njudgment(opinion, view).\n\nSupposition : an advanced conjecture probable/plausible, a conjecture with a\nlittle more interpretation / judgment of the speaker.\n\n> _The speakers see something_ \n> 「ます-stemそうだ」(conjecture/guess) → \"It looks like~\" _objectively_ \n> 「~らしい」(conjecture/supposition) → \"It seems / looks ~\" (I think it's~) _a\n> bit subjective / interpretation_ \n> 「~ようだ」(conjecture/judgment) → \"It seems to me~\" _subjectively_\n\nWhat do you think?",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2020-08-26T13:15:46.280",
"id": "80342",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-26T14:15:02.887",
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{
"body": "My understanding of this matter is:\n\n * [masu-stem] + そうだ is used to tell an associative guess based on a sensory input from the target\n * [dictionary-form] + らしい is used to tell a conclusion from evidence, without direct contact with the target\n\nWe use ～しそうだ when we run into a situation that we can naturally associate an\napparent scene we sense with another related probable event. For example,\nseeing a ball on the edge, we can imagine it falling (落ちそう); hearing a creak,\nwe can imagine the machine is worn out inside (壊れそう); smelling a flavor, we\ncan imagine a delicious taste (おいしそう). But whether it really happens, is\nunsure.\n\n～らしい is more like a logical inference from a concrete evidence. When you see a\nkennel by the door, you can conclude that this house has a dog (飼っているらしい; but\nyou didn't sense the dog). When you see a lot of people standing in line, you\ncan conclude that this restaurant is delicious (おいしいらしい; but you didn't see\nthey served food). When the speaker use it, it is sure enough for them not to\nrequire another direct confirmation, unless the evidence has an unsuspected\nflaw (say, the doghouse is what former residents left there). Actually, I feel\nthat this ～らしい is more naturally reworded to ～に違いない \"it must be; I bet\".\n\nOf course, the standard of what is naturally (automatically) associative and\nwhat only inferable by reasoning may vary. That is the point where their\ndistinction starts to blur. But generally, the nearer you get to the object\nyou judge, the more likely しそうだ is used; the more distant from your sensory\nrange, the more らしい.\n\n> 雨が降るらしい\n\nThis example does not sound having much place to use. If it means it is going\nto rain, someone must have an indirect evidence that accurately predicts\nrains. Maybe it can be used in a place a west wind is always precursor of\nrain, or when a traveler walking on an arid land finds a trace of river flow,\nand thinks that \"it can rain here\".\n\nAccording to this [paper](http://www.lib.kobe-u.ac.jp/handle_kernel/E0041515)\nreports that \"conjecture\" らしい has only one tenth frequency compared to\n\"hearsay\" らしい. I do have an impression that it is an extension of \"hearsay\"\nらしい, replaced a person with a physical evidence.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-28T14:23:58.830",
"id": "80374",
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80300
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80374
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{
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"body": "> Interviewer: 政権は親米だったけど、国民は違っていたと。\n>\n> Interviewee:\n> イランはその後、「アメリカというのは大悪魔だ」と言うようになるし、アメリカは「イランは世界のテロリストの親玉みたいな存在だ」という **ふう**\n> に呼ぶんです。\n\nIt is an interview to a specialist.\n\nHow is ふう working there, or as what? My assumption is that it is working as 風\nfor tendency/manner, but I am not so sure.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-24T14:05:15.077",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80302",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-26T19:06:59.253",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-26T19:03:53.643",
"last_editor_user_id": "78",
"owner_user_id": "33280",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"words"
],
"title": "How is ふう working here",
"view_count": 87
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|
[
{
"body": "Your assumption is correct. This usage corresponds with the following\ndefinition from [大辞林](https://www.weblio.jp/content/%E9%A2%A8#SSDJJ)\n\n> ふう ［1］ 【風】 一 （ 名 ） ③ 方式。やり方。「どんな━に説得するか悩む」「私の発言をそんな━にとらないで下さい」\n\nIn this case, the \"interviewee\" uses ふう because 「イランは世界のテロリストの親玉みたいな存在だ」isn't\na direct quotation of something a specific American official said about Iran\non one particular occasion, but a kind of summary or paraphrase of the _way_\nin which American officials have typically talked about Iran since the\nrevolution in 1979.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2020-08-26T19:06:59.253",
"id": "80345",
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80302
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80345
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"body": "I read a manga named 神様の御用人.\n\n<https://www.cmoa.jp/title/116209/> (page 28)\n\nI don't understand 厄払いや **節目のご祈祷** も行っております. I searched the vocab in jisho but\nit doesn't make any sense.\n\nPlease enlighten me.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-24T14:46:12.493",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80304",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-25T00:54:32.363",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-24T18:59:07.320",
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"owner_user_id": "30280",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words",
"manga"
],
"title": "what does 節目のご祈祷 mean",
"view_count": 80
}
|
[
{
"body": "This 節目 vaguely refers to important life events such as 入学/卒業, 成人, 就職/転職, 住宅購入\nand 結婚, but one of the most important is probably\n[七五三](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shichi-Go-San) today. In other words, one\nenters the next life \"stage\" after a 節目, and it's a good timing to thank and\npray for Japanese _kami_. The kanji 節 means \"section\", and it's the same 節 as\nin 季節.\n\nThere is no charge if you just visit a shrine and pray by yourself (aside from\nsmall _saisen_ ), but most shrines offer paid services to have a priest pray\nonly for you. [This](https://kanmuri.com/topics/691) is an example of a price\nlist.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2020-08-25T00:46:03.303",
"id": "80310",
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80304
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80310
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "80313",
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"body": "この姿（すがた）なら異国人(いこくじん）も怪（あや）しまれない is a phrase said to someone disguised as a\ncatholic missionary in medieval era in Japan, so he is not suspected by having\na western face in the asian country.\n\nI saw a lot of questions here about も vs でも, but generally speaking, the\nanswer of the questions is that も means \"also\" and でも means \"even\", with the も\nparticle playing the role of the が or を particle, including a subject or\nobject in a list to interact with the verb, while the でも particle ephasizes an\nelement on a list as being against the odds.\n\nBut in the phrase この姿なら異国人も怪しまれない, using that logic, も does not seem to fit.\nIt does not makes sense if 異国人 is a subject of the passive form of the verb\n怪しむ, because then 異国人 would be the person being suspected by someone, and not\nwhat someone is being suspected of, what makes more sense by the context.\n\nAn user in another japanese language forum translated it as \"with that outfit,\nyou won't be suspected even being a foreigner\", what for me would make sense\nif the phrase had a でも instead of も.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2020-08-24T15:03:03.550",
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"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"translation",
"particle-も",
"particle-でも"
],
"title": "Help translating この姿なら異国人も怪しまれない. Why も instead of でも?",
"view_count": 101
}
|
[
{
"body": "異国人 _is_ the subject of the verb 怪しまれる, i.e., 異国人 _is_ the one being\npotentially suspected by someone else. この姿なら異国人 **も** 怪しまれない is simply\nこの姿なら異国人 **は** 怪しまれない with は replaced by も. The object of 怪しむ can be either a\nperson or a property of a person.\n\n> この姿なら異国人 **も** 怪しまれない。 \n> (Japanese people won't be suspected because they are Japanese, but) _also_\n> foreigners won't be suspected if they look like this.\n\nこの姿なら異国人 **でも** 怪しまれない is also perfectly fine, and the difference in meaning\nis subtle. If you had explicitly asked for a super-literal, word-by-word\ntranslation, the user in the other forum might have given a different\ntranslation respecting the difference between も and でも.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-25T01:29:57.620",
"id": "80313",
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80305
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80313
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80313
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "80309",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Hi I was revisiting Noun Phrase, and I wanted to cover up several aspects of の\nusing a single noun phrase, but I was getting a bit confused with that regard.\n\nSo, following is my sentence: (Please note there maybe other ways of\ndescribing but I want to make it using particle の only to check out the order\nof positioning of particle の, which involves different modifier)\n\n日本の山田さんの日本人の友達の田中さんの赤い木の家は高いです。\n\nWhat I want to say; Yamada san's Japanese Friend Tanaka san's red tree house\nin Japan (location of house in Japan) = Noun Phrase\n\n...is expensive.\n\nIn this sentence multiple uses of の are involved\n\n日本: Positioning Modifier for House (in Japan)\n\n山田: Possessive Modifier for Tanaka san (山田's Friend)\n\n日本人: Noun Modifier for Friend (Japanese Friend)\n\n友達の田中さん: Apposition Modifier for Tanaka san (who is a friend or my friend\nTanaka san)\n\n赤い: I-Adjective for Modifying the Colour of the House\n\n木: Noun Modifier for House (as in Tree House)\n\nSo, following are my 3 questions:\n\n 1. Is it Grammatical? As I was getting confused with the position of Positional Modifier (of where the house is) and Possessive Modifier i.e. using 山田さんの日本の。。。\n\n 2. Is this a natural order I.e. Position (Place) -> Possessive Marker -> Noun Modifier (optional) -> Apposition -> Adjective -> Noun Modifier -> Noun (Main)?\n\n 3. Is there any difference between 赤い木の家 or 木の赤い家 in the following sentence?\n\nThank You\n\n(FYI - I tried using Google Translator, but it was showing different results\neach time I tried to put this in)\n\n教えてください",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-24T17:58:48.400",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80306",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-08-24T19:37:48.910",
"last_editor_user_id": "36729",
"owner_user_id": "36729",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"particle-の",
"nouns",
"grammar"
],
"title": "Positioning of Particle の in the Noun Phrase",
"view_count": 156
}
|
[
{
"body": "> Is it Grammatical? As I was getting confused with the position of Positional\n> Modifier (of where the house is) and Possessive Modifier i.e. using 山田さんの日本の\n\nIt's grammatical, but I read this as 日本の山田さん \"Yamada-san (living) in Japan\",\nnot 日本の家. You could have said 日本にある田中さんの赤い木の家 (\"Tanaka's red wooden house\nlocated in Japan\"), though, because ある cannot modify a person for the obvious\nreason.\n\n> Is this a natural order I.e. Position (Place) -> Possessive Marker -> Noun\n> Modifier (optional) -> Apposition -> Adjective -> Noun Modifier -> Noun\n> (Main)?\n\nSorry, I have never thought about this consciously. I know [English has a rule\nregarding this](https://english.stackexchange.com/q/1155/80278), but I have\nnever seen a Japanese equivalent. [This\nanswer](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/26047/5010) may be related.\n\nAnyway, using three or more の's in succession is almost always bad even if\nit's not ambiguous (See [Would you say 日系アメリカ人の歴史のポータル or\n日系アメリカ人の歴史ポータル?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/62838/5010)). You can\nalways come up with a less confusing expression using appropriate verbs and\nparticles. For example, in this case I would say\n山田さんの日本人の友達である田中さんが日本で住んでいる赤い木の家は高い.\n\n> Is there any difference between 赤い木の家 or 木の赤い家\n\nThey practically refer to the same thing, but 赤い木の家 is more natural if you\nwant to simply say \"red wooden house\". (See [Odd position of\nadjective](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/79999/5010))",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-25T00:06:44.970",
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80306
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80309
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80309
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "80308",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I recently discovered that Relative clauses are mostly made with dictionary\nform verbs/adjectives, but [ [the answer\nhere]](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/70352/26406)says my “... sentence\nindeed has three relative clauses marked by (1), (2), and (3)” Seeing as (1)\nand (3) are both made from past tense verbs, I’m uncertain as to whether they\nare relative clauses or not. And if not, what are they, and how is this\nunknown construct (D) translated? This, in addition to confusion over whether\na te-form verb + noun construct forms a relative clause or a continuative\nclause has me overwhelmed. Therefore, I am reviewing what I know and what I\ndon’t know or am uncertain of in the list below to see which forms can make\nrelative clauses.\n\n> (A) 私は右手に同じようなナイフを握っている。 - Known to form a relative clause using the\n> な-adjective 同じような, and a noun, ナイフ.\n\n> (B) 私は右手に光るナイフを握っている。 - Known to form a relative clause using the Godan verb\n> 光る, and a noun, ナイフ.\n\n> (C) 私は右手に込めてナイフを握っている。- Known to form a continuative clause using the same\n> verb + noun format as a relative clause?\n\n> (D) 私は倒れた鉄骨の上に散歩する。 - Once thought to have been a relative clause, now\n> unknown construct of past tense verb plus noun.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-24T19:48:48.830",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80307",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-08-25T00:17:10.533",
"last_editor_user_id": "26406",
"owner_user_id": "26406",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"relative-clauses",
"reading-comprehension"
],
"title": "Which of the following forms are allowed in relative clauses?",
"view_count": 241
}
|
[
{
"body": "A short answer is that the ta-form can modify a noun as a relative clause,\ntoo.\n\n * (A) 同じような is not even a verb, so this is usually regarded as a simple sentence with only one independent clause called the _main clause_. No relative clause here.\n * (B) 光る modifies ナイフ as a relative clause (\"a knife that is shining\" or simply \"a shining knife\")\n * (C) This is a weird sentence because 込めて doesn't have an object. Did you want to say 右手に力を込めてナイフを握っている? Anyway, there is no relative clause in this sentence because te-form is not attributive (see below).\n * (D) 倒れた modifies 鉄骨 as a relative clause (\"a steel frame that fell\" or simply \"a fallen steel frame\"). Also note that you have to say 鉄骨の上 **を** 散歩する.\n\nI didn't want to overwhelm you, but the fact is almost all Japanese predicates\n(verbs and adjectives) have both the continuative form\n([連用形](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/65936/5010)) and the attributive\n(noun-modifying) form (連体形). Almost all 連体形 can form a relative clause\n(=\"noun-modifying clause\"). See [this\ntable](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%A9%E5%8B%95%E8%A9%9E_\\(%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95\\)#%E5%8F%A3%E8%AA%9E).\n\nHere are examples of relative clauses with various **attributive** forms:\n\n * それを食べる人 people who eat it\n * それを食べたい人 people who want to eat it\n * それを食べた人 people who ate it\n * それを食べるべき人 people who should eat it\n * それを食べられる人 people who can eat it\n * それを食べさせる人 people who make someone eat it\n * それを食べない人 people who don't eat it\n * それを食べそうな人 people who seem to eat it\n\nNote that:\n\n * All of these verb forms of 食べる are modifying 人 as a relative clause.\n * Almost all 連体形 look identical to 終止形 (dictionary form or predicative form). See [this discussion](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/42906/5010) for why these have different names.\n * The te-form and the masu-stem are not included in the list above because these are not attributive (\"noun-modifying\") forms.\n\nYou don't have to remember everything in the linked table now, but please\nconfirm that **連用形 and 連体形 are always different** for each patterns. This is\nexactly how Japanese people tell whether a certain expression is 連用 (\"verb-\nmodifying\" or \"continue-to-verb\") or 連体 (\"attributive\" or \"noun-modifying\").\n出し is a 連用 form, so it never forms a relative clause.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-24T23:32:54.050",
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80307
|
80308
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80308
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "80315",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm curious as to whether or not I did a good job with my own stay-as-close-\nto-the-Japanese-as-possible translation of the following two lines, seeing as\nhow google translate only gave me either partially correct gibberish, or a\nanswer which is surprisingly close to my own translation, but I'm doubtful as\nit has given me outright not-even-close translations for other sentences in\nthe past.\n\n> 「ここにじっとしていてもしょうがない………か」\n>\n> 自分を奮い立たせるために、わざと自分の考えを声に出し行動を始めた。\n>\n> “As far as patiently remaining here it can’t be helped…… I guess.”\n>\n> I force myself to cheer up as a result, on purpose I vocalize my thought and\n> start the action.\n>\n> (The above doesn't quite sound right in English, whereas \"I force myself to\n> cheer up as a result, on purpose I start the action and vocalize my\n> thought.\" sounds more natural to a English speaker)\n\nFor the top sentence, google translate gave me \"\"It's no use staying here...\"\nThat's what I'm going\", and for the bottom, it gave me \"In order to inspire\nhimself, he deliberately began to speak out his thoughts and act.\"\n\nFor the second sentence, which translation is closer to the original Japanese?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-25T01:12:39.283",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80311",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-25T12:30:21.363",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-25T12:30:21.363",
"last_editor_user_id": "26406",
"owner_user_id": "26406",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"parsing"
],
"title": "Which translation is closer to the original Japanese?",
"view_count": 131
}
|
[
{
"body": "> ここにじっとしていても \n> Even if I stay still here,\n>\n> しょうがない \n> it's meaningless,\n>\n> ………か。 \n> ...I guess.\n>\n> 自分を奮い立たせるために、 \n> To encourage myself,\n>\n> わざと自分の考えを声に出し \n> I deliberately voiced my thoughts, and\n>\n> 行動を始めた。 \n> started a (new) action.\n\nYour parsing and translation indicate that you are still somehow thinking\n考えを声に出す and 行動を始めた are \"linked\", but they are not. 自分の考え is the object of\n(声に)出す, and 行動 is the object of 始める. Here 出す and 始める are independent two\nactions with two different objects. It's not \"started to voice something\" but\n\"voiced something, and then started something\". Read this as if they were two\ndifferent sentences.\n\n> 自分を奮い立たせるために、わざと自分の考えを声に出した。 \n> To encourage myself, I deliberately voiced my thoughts.\n>\n> そして行動を始めた。 \n> Then, I started a (new) action.\n\nThe final part of this sentence is structurally no different from a sentence\nlike this:\n\n> パンを食べワインを飲んだ。 \n> = パンを食べてワインを飲んだ。 \n> = I ate bread and drank wine.\n\nNote that 食べ and 出し are both 連用形. [One of the most voted question you made is\nexactly about\nthis.](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/70321/removal-\nof-%E3%81%A6-in-japanese-novels) パン is the object of 食べる, and ワイン is the\nobject of 飲む. Just two independent actions, no relative clauses. It shouldn't\nbe difficult.",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2020-08-25T02:03:59.643",
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80311
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80315
|
80315
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "80316",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I've ran into a word that I can't seem to find/translate anywhere on the\nwebsite and would appreciate if somebody can help me.\n\nthe word is: モ〇マス, and it was in the following sentence: モ〇マスをよろしく。\n\nThank you in advance!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-25T01:42:33.913",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80314",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-25T03:58:19.713",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40106",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"translation",
"help"
],
"title": "Need help in understanding a censored word",
"view_count": 129
}
|
[
{
"body": "**モバマス** is one of the nicknames of [アイドルマスター\nシンデレラガールズ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Idolmaster_Cinderella_Girls). The\nモバ part came from the fact that it was the first _iDOLM@STER_ title hosted on\nthe [Mobage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobage) platform. This nickname has\nbecame less popular after the title [gained popularity outside\nMobage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Idolmaster_Cinderella_Girls:_Starlight_Stage)\nand [another _iDOLM@STER_\ntitle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Idolmaster_SideM) was released on\nMobage. The \"official\" contraction of the game is デレマス now.\n\nFrom what I could google, there is no other plausible possibilities, but if my\nexplanation doesn't make sense, please provide more context. (What are they\ntalking about? よろしく doesn't help much.)",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-25T03:58:19.713",
"id": "80316",
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"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80314",
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80314
|
80316
|
80316
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80318",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "This is more of a curiosity, and I'm not sure if this is the right place to\nask or meta would be better (but I didn't find any appropriate tags there),\nbut lately while watching anime with Japanese subtitles I noticed there are a\nlot of words or expressions marked rare or unusual in dictionaries; I see them\nin one anime, maybe in just one episode, then I never see them again; I guess\nthey are used also in other places, but it seems to me they are used far far\nless than others. Some examples I jotted down for this question are 飼い殺し,\n気に障る, 癇に障る, 親身になって, よからぬ, 回し者 and so on.\n\nI spoke with a friend of mine, with a degree in Japanese and enough skill to\nlive in Japan and watch anime without subtitles, and she said that she\nencounters a lot of words she doesn't understand, but infers from context and\nsound (like hearing 「てんめい」 while a character is speaking about a store, and\nunderstanding it means \"store name\" from てん/店 + めい/名), enough that without\nbeing able to infer them she would find difficult to follow anime.\n\nIt's a while I'm wondering about the number of words used in Japanese (or at\nleast in anime), and I got a feeling that Japanese (or at least anime) uses\nfar more words than English shows and English anime translations; and in\nJapanese there are very specific words (like 飼い殺し), and a lot of words from\nthe same general concept (like all the ways to say \"Eat\", or \"Speak\", or \"I\"),\nwhich reinforces my feeling.\n\nThis got me thinking: is this something normal also for native speakers? On\none hand, they are native speakers, so they are constantly immersed in the\nlanguage; on the other hand, if a word is rare enough it's not easy to\nremember it, despite being native. I'm pretty sure there are words in my\nnative language I forgot just because I don't get to use them often enough,\nand I'm sure it happened in English (which I use every day, but it's not my\nnative language).\n\nI found some interesting answers on the topic of non-standard or invented\nworkds (like [this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/44719/how-\nare-made-up-words-for-anime-manga-formed-reading-and-kanji) and\n[this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/47230/how-do-japanese-\nunderstand-non-standard-words-without-looking-at-kanji)), but they doesn't\nreally answer my doubt, which is more on rare but existing words and\nexpressions.\n\nEdit: It seems my question wasn't clear, sorry about that. In English and my\nnative language I (almost) never have to infer words meaning from the context,\nwhile I found people with good Japanese skills saying they have to do that -\nand quite often. Given also that I have a feeling Japanese uses more words\nthan other languages as English, I was wondering if this \"I don't know this\nword, but I get it from context\" is something that is normal also for native\nspeakers. I'm not sure if this is fit for SE, if not I apologize, but I wasn't\nable to find an answer elsewhere so I tought about trying here.",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2020-08-25T09:40:27.310",
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"owner_user_id": "35362",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"words",
"manga",
"anime"
],
"title": "Unusual words in anime",
"view_count": 447
}
|
[
{
"body": "It is true that Japanese people use a larger number of words on a daily basis.\nAccording to one survey introduced\n[here](https://readingmonkey.blog.fc2.com/blog-entry-594.html), the number of\nwords needed to understand 90% of English sentences is 3,000, but you need to\nknow 10,000 words to achieve the same level of proficiency in Japanese. As you\nknow, Japanese has tons of onomatopoeic words, wago-kango pairs and compound\nverbs.\n\nHowever, that does not mean native Japanese teenagers and adults heavily rely\non guesswork to enjoy anime. The words you've listed as examples are not rare\nnor specific to anime. Average middle school students probably know all of\nthem even though many of them don't like anime. If you have difficulty\nunderstanding 回し者 and 飼い殺し, simply you need some more work to build your\nvocabulary. I don't think it has something to do with how to deal with title-\nspecific coined words like 仁星 or 海楼石.\n\nThere are a few works that are intentionally designed to be challenging even\nfor average native Japanese speakers (e.g.,\n[図書館の魔女](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/36524/5010)), but they are\nexceptional. Almost no anime are like this.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-25T11:17:14.190",
"id": "80318",
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"score": 7
}
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80317
|
80318
|
80318
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80323",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Today I've learnt that in Unicode there's a separate block for katakana\nletters enclosed in a circle - all of them, apart from ン. Then I've realised\nthat the logo of this particular stack is a letter in circle as well\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/F1fPn.png)\n\nMy question would be: What is the actual usage of such symbols which is that\nimportant that encircled kanas are introduced to Unicode and why nevertheless,\nan ン is not a thing.\n\nThere's a similar question about\n[kanji](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/50511/usage-of-encircled-\nkanji) however it does not cover katakana.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-25T11:47:05.703",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80319",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-25T18:16:30.557",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-25T12:00:00.363",
"last_editor_user_id": "26873",
"owner_user_id": "26873",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"katakana"
],
"title": "Is there any linguistic value behind encircled katakana letters?",
"view_count": 210
}
|
[
{
"body": "Just like other symbols in [this\nanswer](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/50519/5010), these encircled\nkatakana are mainly used to prefix items in a list. For some reason, Japanese\npeople historically used to like encircled characters, just as English\nspeakers like to use letters enclosed in parentheses (`(I)`, `(a)`, etc).\nJapanese letterpress companies had many movable types for encircled\ncharacters. That said, very few people use these encircled characters today,\npartially because of the longstanding encoding compatibility issues explained\nin the linked answer.\n\nン was not included in the character set probably because ン is a special sound\nthat never comes at the beginning of a Japanese word. It's unlikely to list\n50-ish items using this method, anyway.\n\nI guess the logo of this site was inspired by\n[hanko](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seal_\\(East_Asia\\)#Japanese_usage).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-25T18:09:07.713",
"id": "80323",
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80319
|
80323
|
80323
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Could I drop です out of a sentence? I want to be able to speak more casual\nJapanese. I just wanted to know if it was possible to drop です out of a\nsentence. example: これは犬",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-25T16:05:52.740",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80321",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-24T23:04:35.473",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40111",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-choice",
"usage",
"particles"
],
"title": "I want to be able to speak more casual Japanese. I just wanted to know if it was possible to drop です out of a sentence. example: これは犬",
"view_count": 143
}
|
[
{
"body": "I mean, it would make sense, but it's like saying in English: \"is dog\". So it\nwouldn't be grammatically correct. You can say これは犬だ, or just keep it normal.\nAlso saying it like this isn't really formal, so I'd keep it with これは犬です.\n\n-a native Japanese speaker",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-25T22:30:49.180",
"id": "80330",
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"score": 2
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80321
| null |
80330
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm currently studying Japanese from Nihongo Sou Matome N1 book, and I would\nlike your help in order to understand this grammar pattern.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/fVuzi.png)\n\nI'm a little bit confused about its meaning, because in the first sentence,\n～ては seems to mean \"when\". However, in the second sentence, ～ては seems to mean\n\"since, because, due to\". So, as these two meanings are quite different from\neach other, I would like to know what does ～ては really mean.\n\nThank you so much in advance for your help!",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-25T17:04:49.577",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80322",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "29677",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"grammar"
],
"title": "Meaning of the pattern ～ては",
"view_count": 333
}
|
[
{
"body": "This (as opposed to a couple of other) usage of ては is, to my mind, just an\nemphatic use of て form. Importantly, however, it is used where the outcome –\nor the subjective comment on the outcome – is negative. A little more\nspecifically, in a sentence Aては、B, A expresses the action or state for which\nthe following negative statement B applies.\n\nYou sound a little confused about the similar and different usages of 'if',\n'when', and 'because' in English... but I would say that you've almost\ncertainly confronted this problem before, when translating たら from Japanese to\nEnglish. So perhaps thinking about when you translate たら as 'if' vs 'when'\nwill help you to understand this use of ては.\n\nOther example usages of this ては are:\n\n> こんなに忙しくては、新聞も読めない。\n\n * When I'm this busy, I can't even read the newspaper.\n\n> こんなに働かされては、病気になってしまうよ。\n\n * If I'm forced to work like this, I will end up becoming ill.\n\n> あの男が来ては、邪魔になる。\n\n * If he comes, he'll get in the way.\n\n(taken from Makino & Tsutsui's 'A Dictionary of Intermediate Japanese\nGrammar')\n\nHope that helps!\n\n(I would, as an aside, suggest you find another resource to complement Nihongo\nSou Matome, as it (clearly!) lacks sufficient (or any) explanation of the\ngrammar points. It's not nearly enough to just have the translation,\nespecially when their translations are often awkward in English, and\noccasionally just simply incorrect. Best of luck!)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-25T20:59:41.923",
"id": "80328",
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}
] |
80322
| null |
80328
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80325",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I saw it in a tanka:\n\n**ながむれば** 霞みはてては絶絶にまたあらはるるかりのひとつら\n\nAlso what is the \"ra\" after \"hitotsu\"?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-25T19:34:06.393",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80324",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-25T23:09:01.070",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "40066",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of ながむれば?",
"view_count": 108
}
|
[
{
"body": "**ながむれば** comprises two elements, **ながむれ** + the particle **ば**.\n\n> * ながむれ is the 已{い}然{ぜん}形{けい} of the 下{しも}二{に}段{だん} verb 眺む{ながむ}, which is\n> the classical equivalent of the modern Japanese verb 眺める{ながめる}.\n>\n> * When the particle ば is combined with the 已然形, it means \"because/since\"\n> or \"when/as.\"\n>\n>\n\n>\n> In this case, it's the \"when/as\" meaning of ば that suits the context, so we\n> can translate ながむれば as \" **when I look out** \" or \" **as I gaze out** ,\"\n> etc.\n\n**ひとつら** is a group of like things, animals, or people arranged in a line or\nrow.\n\n> * Sometimes this word is rendered in kanji as 一連, 一列, or 一行.\n>\n> * The two elements ひとつら comprises aren't actually ひとつ + ら, as the wording\n> of your question implies, but ひと + つら, where ひと means \"one\" and つら means\n> \"line\" or \"row.\" (cf. the modern verbs 連{つら}なる and 連{つら}ねる.)\n>\n>\n\n>\n> In the poem, **かりのひとつら** refers to a **skein of wild geese** flying in the\n> sky.\n\nYou can read a bit about the usage of ば in classical Japanese\n[here](https://www.imabi.net/theparticleba.htm). Note that ば has a very\ndifferent meaning when combined with the 未{み}然{ぜん}形{けい} instead of the 已然形.)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-25T20:25:54.457",
"id": "80325",
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80324
|
80325
|
80325
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{
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"body": "Whenever somebody tells you about kanji, they say something like this:\n\n> Kanji are used for writing nouns, adjectives, adverbs and verbs.\n\nHowever, the further I go, the more realize that this statement does not\nalways hold true, and, in fact, I find people seemingly use whatever script\nthey want at times. Let’s have a look at this line of lyric from 君がくれたもの\n\n> 花火が夜空きれいに咲いて、ちょっとセツナク\n\nThis is how you would find this lyric on Google and any other place. It’s\nalmost always written like this. However, it makes no sense to me why 綺麗に is\nwritten as きれいに and 切なく is even written in カタカナ. This seems so random. I\nthought this should be the more standard version:\n\n> 花火が夜空綺麗に咲いて、ちょっと切なく\n\nEven the title of the song uses もの instead of 物.\n\nThe more lyrics I read, the more I find this being a common practice. Even in\nthe same song, 同じ and おなじ, わたし and 私 are both used at different places for\nseemingly no reason.\n\nCan someone explain the reason behind this?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-25T20:28:45.897",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80326",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-25T21:14:33.330",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-25T21:14:33.330",
"last_editor_user_id": "33435",
"owner_user_id": "39855",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"kanji",
"katakana",
"hiragana",
"spelling"
],
"title": "When is Kanji REALLY used?",
"view_count": 85
}
|
[] |
80326
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "84266",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Is there a kanji form of ああ, like there is for [斯]{こ}う, [然]{そ}う, and [如何]{どう}?\nI've searched online, but neither Jisho.org, Wiktionary, or Weblio list a\nkanji version for demonstrative ああ, like they do for [斯]{こ}う, [然]{そ}う, and\n[如何]{どう}.\n\nI would assume [彼]{あ}あ, but the う/あ series of demonstratives break the\n[此]{こ}[其]{そ}[彼]{あ}[何]{ど} pattern and use different kanji from the rest of the\ndemonstratives, so that's probably wrong.\n\nI know there is [嗚呼]{ああ} and [噫]{ああ}, but those are use to describe the sound\n\"aa\" than the demonstrative.\n\nIs there a kanji form of ああ? Or is it safe to assume that ああ has no kanji\nform?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-25T20:34:37.187",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80327",
"last_activity_date": "2021-02-19T11:31:18.847",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "39722",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"demonstratives"
],
"title": "Is there a kanji form of ああ?",
"view_count": 305
}
|
[
{
"body": "You wrote above the correct kanji for ああ (there is also another kanji for\nああ、嗟),\n\nbut practically **you don't need to learn kanji for demonstratives.**\n\nThey are quite obsolete and very rarely used in writing.\n\n(I've never seen them in any context, only in a dictionary)\n\nHope it helps.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2021-02-19T11:20:39.200",
"id": "84264",
"last_activity_date": "2021-02-19T11:20:39.200",
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},
{
"body": "ああ was created by **analogy** with こう and そう only in late eightteenth century\n(Frellesvig, _A History of the Japanese Language_ , p. 389). [Were it an\ninherited form, it would have been あう and then おう.] Hence, it was too late to\nget a specific kanji correspondence.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2021-02-19T11:31:18.847",
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80327
|
84266
|
84266
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80340",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Say I had a sign that read 中華料理, but I wanted to fit it into a square for a\nshop sign, or maybe a t-shirt. Would it be better to use left-to-right, top-\nto-bottom:\n\n```\n\n 中華\n 料理\n \n```\n\nor top-to-bottom, right-to-left:\n\n```\n\n 料中\n 理華\n \n```\n\n?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-25T21:05:53.997",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80329",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-26T09:00:57.477",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40113",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"names",
"word-order",
"sorting-order"
],
"title": "Would a square logo/sign be read like a name seal or like a western sign, if the characters lined up?",
"view_count": 121
}
|
[
{
"body": "Both are possible options. For example, [ユニクロ's\nlogo](https://search.yahoo.co.jp/image/search?ei=UTF-8&p=%E3%83%A6%E3%83%8B%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%20%E5%BA%97%E8%88%97)\nand [三国無双's\nlogo](https://search.yahoo.co.jp/image/search?ei=UTF-8&p=%E4%B8%89%E5%9B%BD%E7%84%A1%E5%8F%8C%20%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B4)\nare \"western-style\" (or \"I♡NY-style\"), while [眼鏡市場's\nlogo](https://search.yahoo.co.jp/image/search?ei=UTF-8&p=%E7%9C%BC%E9%8F%A1%E5%B8%82%E5%A0%B4%20%E5%BA%97%E8%88%97)\nand [産経新聞's\nlogo](https://search.yahoo.co.jp/image/search?ei=UTF-8&p=%E7%94%A3%E7%B5%8C%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%20%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B4&aq=-1&oq=)\nare \"hanko-style\". Native Japanese speakers often re-read this type of square\nlogo until it makes sense.\n\nIn general, if you have accompanying design elements that flow horizontally or\nvertically, you probably want to make everything consistent. If this 中華料理 is\nall that will be printed on a shirt, whichever is fine, but IMHO the western-\nstyle may be a bit safer unless your design is clearly hanko-like.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-26T08:40:33.277",
"id": "80340",
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"score": 5
}
] |
80329
|
80340
|
80340
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
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"body": "I'm looking for some help understanding the passage below. I've highlighted in\nbold the parts that have me a bit stumped.\n\n> 楽しくあれ。葵さんに言われ続けた言葉だ。\n>\n> 一度は背を向けて、見ないふりをしていた言葉だった。\n>\n> なのに結局、俺はこの言葉へと戻ってきた。\n>\n> すべてはそこに集約されるよう、最初から決まっていたかのように。\n>\n> 確かに、楽しいというのは強い言葉だ。\n>\n> これが使えればどこへだって行けるし、誰とでも打ち解け合える。\n>\n> **でも使う人間がどん底にいる時には、この言葉は自らを傷つける凶器にもなる。**\n>\n> **そこに至るまでの道を示して、丁寧にしっかりと手を引かなければいけない。**\n>\n> **誰彼構わず使える言葉ではないのだ。**\n\nI'm sure I am misunderstanding something which makes how this should be\nunderstood obvious, so I would appreciate it.\n\nThe first line:\n\nでも使う人間がどん底にいる時には、この言葉は自らを傷つける凶器にもなる - I think this sentence must mean\nsomething along the lines of \"but if the person who uses this word is at rock\nbottom, then this word can become a weapon which hurts oneself\".\n\nThe second line:\n\nそこに至るまでの道を示して、丁寧にしっかりと手を引かなければいけない。 - This seems to be referring to the person\nat \"rock bottom\", and that they need to be firmly, but gently, shown the way\nthere (i.e. out of どん底 and towards 楽しい).\n\nThird line:\n\n誰彼構わず使える言葉ではないのだ - Here I was not entirely sure how to interpret 誰彼構わず. Doing\nsome googling for example sentences e.g.:\n\n相手はキリスト教徒じゃないかもしれないから誰彼構わずメリークリスマスというのはやめておこう - Be careful who you speak to.\n\n強力な力ってのは、それを使えるだけの知識と技術と倫理観を持っている人間だけが使うべきであって、誰彼構わず使えるようにすべきものじゃあないのだ - Not\neveryone can / should be able to do something.\n\nThis to me suggests that 誰彼構わず使える言葉ではないのだ could be interpreted as either This\nword (楽しい):\n\n 1. cannot be said to anyone (without thinking about who they are)\n 2. cannot be said by just anyone\n\nIf my interpretation of the first two sentences are correct, then this would\nbe #2 (cannot be said by just anyone).\n\nHave I understood this correctly, or am I misinterpreting/understanding this?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-25T22:50:57.570",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80331",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-26T04:07:13.427",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-26T03:36:10.900",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "40095",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"ambiguous-relative-clauses"
],
"title": "Looking for help understanding a passage",
"view_count": 85
}
|
[
{
"body": "* This 使う人間 is an example of [ambiguous-relative-clauses](/questions/tagged/ambiguous-relative-clauses \"show questions tagged 'ambiguous-relative-clauses'\"). It can mean both \"someone who says 楽しくあれ\" and \"someone who I say 楽しくあれ **to** \" depending on the context. So who is \"at rock bottom\" in this context, and who is saying 楽しくあれ? Is this person (俺) trying to encourage someone else who is at rock bottom but worrying about hurting him/her? Or is he at rock bottom himself and recalling the word said to him? If the context is the former, the sentence would roughly mean \"Saying 'Have fun' to someone who is at rock bottom may hurt him.\"\n * Your understanding of the second bold sentence is correct.\n * 誰彼構わず is a fixed set phrase meaning \"regardless of who (the target is)\", or simply \"indiscriminately\". The sentence means \"It's not a word one can say to anyone.\"",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-26T03:43:17.293",
"id": "80335",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-26T04:07:13.427",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-26T04:07:13.427",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80331",
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"score": 1
}
] |
80331
| null |
80335
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80334",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm puzzled by the appearance of 参る in this [dictionary\nentry](https://kobun.weblio.jp/content/%E3%81%BF%E3%81%90%E3%81%97).\n\nThe example sentence is archaic:「こなたにてみぐしなど参る程に」\n\nIn the modern language, this becomes: こちらでお髪などおととのえになるころに。\n\nNotice that the modern version uses an honorific verb おととのえになる. As I\nunderstand it, 参る is a humbling form in the contemporary language. Was it an\nhonorific form in the past, or is there some other way to understand these\nsentences?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-26T01:04:30.620",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80333",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-26T03:34:53.857",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-26T03:34:53.857",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "39908",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"etymology",
"honorifics",
"classical-japanese"
],
"title": "Apparent honorific use of 参る",
"view_count": 141
}
|
[
{
"body": "> Was it an honorific form in the past\n\nYes. According to [this\n古語辞典](https://kobun.weblio.jp/content/%E3%81%BE%E3%82%90%E3%82%8B):\n\n> まゐ・る 【参る】 \n> [二]他動詞ラ行四段活用 \n> ④ **なさる。おやりになる。▽「す」の尊敬語。** \n> 出典 源氏物語 若紫 「今宵（こよひ）はなほ静かに加持（かぢ）などまゐりて」 [訳] 今晩はやはり静かに加持などをなさって。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-26T03:29:48.680",
"id": "80334",
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] |
80333
|
80334
|
80334
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80337",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "As per the title I am having trouble understanding かかした in this sentence:\n\nさんざん無理な注文したうえに、恥までかかしたんだ\n\nFrom my understanding from the context the sentence should mean something\nlike:\n\n\"Not only did I completely get her to do something she didn't want, but also\nembarrassed her too.\"\n\nAll I can seem to find is 欠かす which according to jisho means:\n\nto miss (doing); to fail (to do)\n\nBut this doesn't seem to fit in my mind.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-26T06:29:36.627",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80336",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-26T07:10:07.597",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29512",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words"
],
"title": "Meaning of かかした in this sentence さんざん無理な注文したうえに、恥までかかしたんだ",
"view_count": 129
}
|
[
{
"body": "かかした in your example is the past tense form of かかす, which is a causative form\nof the verb かく.\n\nかかせる is the standard/modern causative form. Its past tense form is かかせた.\n\nかく \nstandard causative かかせる - past かかせた \nsubstandard causative かかす - past かかした (← older form; used in informal\nsituations in Kansai)\n\n恥をかく is \"embarrass oneself / feel humiliated\", and 恥をかかせる/かかす means\n\"embarrass/humiliate (someone)\".",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-26T07:01:33.467",
"id": "80337",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-26T07:10:07.597",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-26T07:10:07.597",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "80336",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
80336
|
80337
|
80337
|
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