question
dict | answers
list | id
stringlengths 1
6
| accepted_answer_id
stringlengths 2
6
⌀ | popular_answer_id
stringlengths 1
6
⌀ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80339",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "My teacher told me years ago about またね, but recently I've heard じゃあね used\nsimilarly. What's the difference between じゃあね and またね? Which one is\npreferable?\n\nIs there other phrases, that can be used to say \"goodbye / see you later\"?\nMaybe from dialects?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-26T07:13:09.493",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80338",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-26T08:25:37.660",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "55756",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"words",
"phrases",
"spoken-language",
"greetings"
],
"title": "What's the difference between じゃあね and またね?",
"view_count": 1597
}
|
[
{
"body": "また means \"again\", and じゃあ means something like \"so\", \"okay\", or \"then\". Thus,\nまたね is closer to \"see you again\" or \"see you next time\", whereas じゃあね is just\n\"bye\". But またね is used fairly casually, and it's usually _not_ a serious\npromise/suggestion to meet you again. You can also say じゃあまたね.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-26T08:25:37.660",
"id": "80339",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-26T08:25:37.660",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80338",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80338
|
80339
|
80339
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was going through the usage of Noun Modifiers with Particle の, and I came\nacross a Comment in [Maggie Sensei's\nblog](http://maggiesensei.com/2016/09/13/noun-particle-%E3%81%AE-no-\nnoun-%E3%81%B8%E3%81%AE%EF%BC%8F%E3%81%A7%E3%81%AE%EF%BC%8F%E3%81%A8%E3%81%AE-\nenodenotono-etc/) stating for the difference between the following\nconstructions:\n\n> Noun + Particle + の + Noun, and Sentence Verb + の(as a nominaliser) +\n> Particle\n\nEg. 電話での問い合わせは大変だ and 電話で問い合わせするのは大変だ\n\n(There are other examples as well if you think about when you use の as\nnominaliser)\n\nMaggie Sensei's Answer: \"Noun + Particle + の + Noun” is slightly more formal\nso you use this form more in a written form. So you use 電話で問い合わせするのは〜 more in\nconversation\"\n\n> Noun + Particle + の + Noun and, Noun modifier (Which is a Verb) + Noun +\n> Rest of the sentence\n\nE.g. 窓からの景色がきれいです and 窓から見える景色がきれいです\n\nMaggie Sensei's Answer: The listeners/readers can visualize what the\nspeaker/writer says more vividly with a verb.\n\n> Question\n\nI was not sure about answer Maggie Sensei provided, So could anyone please\nelucidate the difference both in nuance and in Grammar? I am also having\ndoubts between the two, as effectively they are conveying the same meaning\n\n教えてください",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-26T09:45:39.357",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80341",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-26T17:24:46.953",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-26T09:55:04.460",
"last_editor_user_id": "36729",
"owner_user_id": "36729",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-の",
"comparative-constructions"
],
"title": "Difference between using Noun + Particle + の and Similar Construction",
"view_count": 121
}
|
[
{
"body": "This is just my personal opinion, but I don't agree with Maggie Sensei's\nexplanation that you referenced. To me, the two sentences simply look like\nslightly different ways of saying the same thing. I think looking at\ntranslations of the sentences might help:\n\n> (1) 電話での問い合わせは大変だ。 Inquiries by phone are hard. \n> (2) 電話で問い合わせするのは大変だ。Making an inquiry by phone is hard.\n\nThere is only a slight difference in that (1) emphasises the noun 'inquiries'\nwhereas (2) emphasises the action of making an inquiry. You could argue that\nthese are not quite the same since (2) focuses on the process involved in the\naction, but I think it's over-analytical to do that.\n\nThese are just two alternative ways to say (basically) the same thing. I don't\nagree that there is any noticeable difference in formality levels, nor do I\nsee any real stylistic differences. But others might disagree, so I recommend\ngetting advice from more people.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-26T17:24:46.953",
"id": "80344",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-26T17:24:46.953",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25875",
"parent_id": "80341",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
80341
| null |
80344
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Reading in NHk I came across this paragraph, and I cannot make out the meaning\nof キリ：\n\n>\n> さらに堀埜社長は、7月、異例の値上げに踏み切りました。といってもほとんどは1円から数円の値上げ、中には値下げした商品もあります。看板メニューの「ミラノ風ドリア」は299円から、300円に。\n>\n> 値上げのねらいは、「釣り銭を減らす」こと。すべてのメニューを50円単位の **キリ**\n> のいい金額にすることで会計がスムーズになり、客と店員との接触の機会が減って、安心につながるというのです。値上げ後、釣り銭を6割削減する効果があったそうです。\n\nPersonally, I think it could be related to 切り which means END, STOP, BOUND, so\nwhen I broke the sentence down it resulted in this:\n\nすべてのメニューを50円単位の **キリ** のいい金額にすることで会計がスムーズになり。。。 all menu を 50 yen unitの END,\nLIMIT? のgood amount of money に doing で accounting が smooth に becomes.\n\nBut I am not sure.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-26T17:09:29.010",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80343",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-26T20:36:57.320",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-26T19:49:02.757",
"last_editor_user_id": "33280",
"owner_user_id": "33280",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"word-usage"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of キリ in this paragraph?",
"view_count": 210
}
|
[
{
"body": "You're right; this usage of キリ is related to the first definition of 切り in\n[大辞林](https://www.weblio.jp/content/%E5%88%87%E3%82%8A)\n\n> きり 【切り・限▽り】 一 ［2］ （ 名 ） ① 物事がそこで終わりになる切れ目。区切り。ひと区切り。 「 －のいいところでやめる」 「 －をつける」\n\nThe first usage example in the definition above is particularly relevant.\n[切りのいいところ](https://www.weblio.jp/content/%E5%88%87%E3%82%8A%E3%81%AE%E3%81%84%E3%81%84%E3%81%A8%E3%81%93%E3%82%8D)でやめる\nmeans to stop doing something at an opportune or logical moment – for example,\nwhen one step in a multi-step process has been finished, rather than right in\nthe middle of a step. Somewhat similarly, キリのいい金額 refers to an **amount of\nmoney** (金額) that is what we would call a [round number](https://www.merriam-\nwebster.com/dictionary/round%20number) in English. In this particular case,\nit's clear from context that it means a price ending in -00 or -50. So ¥1550\nor ¥300 would be キリのいい金額, while ¥1552 or ¥349 would not.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-26T20:31:28.727",
"id": "80347",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-26T20:36:57.320",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-26T20:36:57.320",
"last_editor_user_id": "33934",
"owner_user_id": "33934",
"parent_id": "80343",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80343
| null |
80347
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "So, when it comes to kanji readings, there is onyomi and kunyomi, plus some\nexceptions and in-between cases. One interesting type of reading that I've\ncome across a few times is when a kanji has a \"kunyomi\" reading that comes\nfrom Chinese.\n\nThat is, it's \"kunyomi\" since the reading is derived from the meaning, not the\nsound (of the character in Chinese), but rather than using a native Japanese\nword, it uses _another_ Chinese word.\n\nThe only example I can think of off the top of my head is a pretty obscure\none: the name of the Japanese leek/onion. The original Chinese-derived term is\n「辣韮」 (らっきょう). However, it can be also written 「薤」(a single character that also\nmeans leak/onion) while still being pronounced「らっきょう」. I've seen the kunyomi\nreading of「薤」listed as「らっきょう」in dictionaries.\n\nWhat are some other examples you can think of? Is there a particular name for\nthis type of kanji reading?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-26T20:03:58.670",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80346",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-26T20:23:30.517",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-26T20:23:30.517",
"last_editor_user_id": "36778",
"owner_user_id": "36778",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"kanji"
],
"title": "Is there a term for Chinese-derived \"kunyomi\"?",
"view_count": 139
}
|
[] |
80346
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80349",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "So this sentence in a [Vtuber\nvideo](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wRbAa8lYBzI) (which has English and\nChinese translation available) caught my interest:\n\n> 今回の事件ははあちゃま及び赤井はあとがデビュー当初から秘められし能力を封印していたこと原因であり、すべてははあちゃまの責任です。\n\nI initially went into this video to analyze the relationship between Haachama\n(はあちゃま; 心酱) & Akai Haato (赤井はあと; 赤井心), two vaguely-defined aliases/personas of\nsaid Vtuber.\n\nIf I understand 及び correctly, it is somewhat like a formal version of と in\nthat it is used to lists several items. So then why does both translations\ninterpret this sentence as \"Haachama _a.k.a._ (also known as) Akai Haato\"?\nShouldn't it be \"Haachama _and_ Akai Haato\"? Surely two items in a list can't\nbe the same thing (a.k.a.)?\n\n> As this incident was caused by Haachama, Akai Haato keeping **her**\n> abilities sealed from debut onward...\n\n> 本次事件的原因 是心酱 **也就是** 赤井心出道时所隐瞒的能力之前一直处于封印状态．．．\n\nIf \"Haachama a.k.a. Akai Haato\" was the original message they were going for,\nshouldn't the conjunction between Haachama and Akai Haato be something like\nはあちゃまこと赤井はあと, not 及び? Could this possibly be a mistranslation or translation\nliberty?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-26T23:17:09.680",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80348",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-28T03:53:20.593",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-26T23:31:31.777",
"last_editor_user_id": "40121",
"owner_user_id": "40121",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"translation",
"usage",
"conjunctions",
"chinese"
],
"title": "Why is 及び being used to mean \"a.k.a.\" in this sentence?",
"view_count": 230
}
|
[
{
"body": "Yes, the original message in Japanese is \"はあちゃま **and** 赤井はあと\". Someone who\nknows nothing about them would think she's presenting the names of two\ndifferent people. Grammatically, the English translation is an error.\nPractically, it may not be an error if these two names refer to the same\ncharacter. It may even be a good translation if saying \"and\" would\nunnecessarily puzzle some of the audience who are not familiar with this \"two\nvaguely-defined personas\".\n\nBy the way, when you use こと, please check the word order. \"A aka B\" in English\nmeans B is the secondary or less-known name, whereas \"AことB\" in Japanese means\nB is the formal name.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-27T01:00:17.710",
"id": "80349",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-28T03:53:20.593",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-28T03:53:20.593",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80348",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
80348
|
80349
|
80349
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80353",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Source: <https://oshiete.goo.ne.jp/qa/6741640.html>\n\n> しかも彼女は私に嫌な感情を持っていないので（私は、よく「情が深い」と言われるタイプで、（ **悪く言うと**\n> 八方美人なのですが）周囲の人を大切にするので、あまり嫌な感情は持たれません。）距離が取れません。\n\nIs the poster here using 「悪く言うと」in a positive sense here?\n\nOR\n\nIs「八方美人」 used as a negative word and 「悪く言うと」shows the negative sense/meaning?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-27T03:43:52.360",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80350",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-27T10:33:54.630",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18021",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"phrases"
],
"title": "Is 「悪く言うと」 used in a positive sense here?",
"view_count": 98
}
|
[
{
"body": "Although there is a literal definition of 八方美人 [どこから見ても欠点のない美人 (from\n三省堂スーパー大辞林) 'perfectly beautiful from all angles'], this phrase is usually\nused in an idiomatic way, with a negative connotation. It's a pejorative term\ndescribing someone who is insincere because they pretend they are everyone's\nfriend and never show their true feelings. They only show other people a\nfriendly front and you don't get to see or hear what they are really thinking.\nIn other words, the 'beauty from all angles' is considered to be fake.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-27T09:51:06.187",
"id": "80353",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-27T10:33:54.630",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-27T10:33:54.630",
"last_editor_user_id": "25875",
"owner_user_id": "25875",
"parent_id": "80350",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
80350
|
80353
|
80353
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80352",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I find some (young?) people say ちげー when they mean 違う. Is there other verb\nthat is frequently sound-reduced? (BTW, what is the correct way to describe\nthis phonological phenomenon or the word for this kind of phonological\nchange?)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-27T04:53:55.313",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80351",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-27T06:46:40.650",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-27T06:46:40.650",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "38439",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"slang",
"contractions",
"phonology"
],
"title": "Sound change of verbs (違う → ちげー)",
"view_count": 471
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think this is a variant of the **/ai/-to-/ee/ sound change** that typically\nhappens with i-adjectives:\n\n * [What does こまけー mean?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/3746/5010)\n * [What is じゃねぇか? What is its original form?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/18454/5010)\n * [わからない vs わかね in My Boss My Hero](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/13069/5010)\n\nIf I understand correctly, in the past, ちげぇ (also written as ちげー or ちげえ)\nhappened only when ちがう conjugated to the continuative form, ちがい (chig **ai**\n). For example, speakers of [Tokyo Shitamachi\ndialect](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokyo_dialect) have long said ちげぇます\ninstead of ちがいます, or ちげぇねぇ instead of ちがいない. Likewise, it has been always\npossible to contract 笑います to われぇます, 歌いたい to うてぇてぇ, and so on.\n\nHowever, this still does not explain why ちがう (chig **au** ) followed by\nnothing became ちげぇ. Some young people do say ちげぇ instead of ちがう today,\nalthough no one says うてぇ instead of うたう.\n\nI think this phenomenon is unique to 違う, and is related to the recent peculiar\n(mis)use of 違う. In today's nonstandard slang, 違う occasionally conjugates like\nan adjective, as if there were an i-adjective 違い. Have you ever seen 違くない, 違くて\nor 違かった used by young speakers? These are definitely nonstandard, but for\nthose who feel they are natural, saying ちげぇ instead of ちがう should be natural,\ntoo, because their brains recognize the word ちがい as an adjective. (Of course\nthey are not consciously aware of this.)\n\nReferences:\n\n * [「○○とは違って」というのを「違くて」とか「違うくて」という人がいますが，なぜですか](https://kotobaken.jp/qa/yokuaru/qa-33/)\n\n>\n> 首都圏などで聞かれる「ちげーよ」という言い方から，既に形容詞の終止形「ちがい」が成立しているとする考え方もあります。「ちげー」は「ちがう」からの変化形とは考えにくく「ちがい」からの変化だろうというわけです。\n\n * [認め難い「違くて」「違かった」](https://mainichi-kotoba.jp/blog-20200502#:%7E:text=%E3%81%A1%E3%81%8C%E3%81%8B%E3%81%A3%E3%81%9F%E3%80%90%E9%81%95%E3%81%8B%E3%81%A3,%E9%81%95%E3%81%A3%E3%81%9F%E3%80%82)\n * [五段活用動詞 ｢違う｣ の形容詞型活用](https://opac.ll.chiba-u.jp/da/curator/900067278/nihonbunka12_ishii.pdf)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-27T06:33:21.563",
"id": "80352",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-27T06:44:34.490",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-27T06:44:34.490",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80351",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
80351
|
80352
|
80352
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I found だんだんと in this sentence but I'm not sure how it's different from だんだん?\n\n女は毎日働いたので、だんだんと元気がなくなっていました。\n\n([Source](https://www.wasabi-jpn.com/japanese-lessons/3-4-the-crane-of-\ngratitude/))",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-27T12:13:20.670",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80355",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-27T13:17:33.440",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40084",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "Are there any differences between だんだんと and だんだん?",
"view_count": 108
}
|
[
{
"body": "I found the answer\n[here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/42163/what-does-\nadding-%E3%81%A8-after-an-adverb-do). It seems they add と after adverb just to\nstress the meaning of the adverb.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-27T12:51:29.913",
"id": "80356",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-27T12:51:29.913",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40084",
"parent_id": "80355",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
80355
| null |
80356
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The whole sentence is:\n\n> [布]{ぬの}はたくさんの[人]{ひと}から[人気]{にんき}があって、いつも[高]{たか}く[売]{う}れました。\n\nSource: <https://www.wasabi-jpn.com/japanese-lessons/3-4-the-crane-of-\ngratitude/>\n\nIn my best understanding, it sounds: \"Because there are many people [buy?] the\ncloth, it gains popularity and always sold at a high price.\". But I feel\nsomething wrong in this translation...",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-27T12:55:31.030",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80357",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-27T20:11:25.433",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-27T13:34:01.270",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "40084",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-から"
],
"title": "What is the role of から in this case?",
"view_count": 85
}
|
[
{
"body": "Judging by this <https://tatoeba.org/eng/sentences/show/102295>, から can be\nused to link 人気 to たくさんの人 - popular **with** many people, although it seems\nit's not the most common method. So, it's \"cloth was popular with many people\n(and) he could etc\"",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-27T20:05:04.550",
"id": "80364",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-27T20:11:25.433",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-27T20:11:25.433",
"last_editor_user_id": "39017",
"owner_user_id": "39017",
"parent_id": "80357",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80357
| null |
80364
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80369",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "_**言っておくが** 、私に怒っても始まらないよ。= I'm telling you it will do you no good to be angry\nat me._\n\nDoes が mean 'but' in the sentence? Does おく mean 'in advance' in the sentence?\n\nIf YES, what lead to the translation above?\n\n* * *\n\n* * *\n\nNote:\n\nA related question\n[言っておくと](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/73081/what-is-the-\nmeaning-of-%e3%81%a8-here)",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-27T15:07:57.760",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80358",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-28T17:18:43.853",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "39768",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"translation",
"particle-が"
],
"title": "Meaning of が and おく in 言っておくが?",
"view_count": 365
}
|
[
{
"body": "You are more or less right. `て-form + おく` means to do X in advanced for the\nbenefit of the future and `X-Phaseが、Y-Phrase` is **usually** X-Phrase, but\nY-Phrase.\n\nHowever, after spending a lot of time translating from Japanese to English one\nmajor point of advice I can give is **don't** get too hung up on the\ndirectness/one-to-one match of a translation. There are just some things that\ndon't translate directly well and will require the translator to take some\nfreedom in making the translation sound and feel good for the audience\n\nLets break down the sentence you posted and translate it to see this in action\n\nThe first and main part of your question:\n\n```\n\n 言っておくが =>\n \n 言って + おく + が\n To say + to do for the future's benefit + but\n \n```\n\nSo by assuming `I` is the speaker, we can \"Englishify\" this to:\n\n```\n\n 言っておくが\n I'm telling you (for your future's sake but)...\n \n```\n\nNow lets take the `Y-Phrase` part and break it down:\n\n```\n\n 私に怒っても始まらないよ =>\n \n 私に + 怒っても + 始まらない + よ\n I to + to (even) be mad + no use + (ending)\n \n```\n\nAfter \"Englishifying\" it:\n\n```\n\n 私に怒っても始まらないよ\n There is no use in being mad at me.\n \n```\n\nPutting it all together we get:\n\n```\n\n 言っておくが、私に怒っても始まらないよ\n I'm telling you (for your future's sake but)... There is no use in being mad at me.\n \n```\n\nCleaned up final version:\n\n```\n\n I'm telling you... There is no use in being mad at me.\n \n```\n\nNow lets compare with the translation you provided:\n\n```\n\n Breakdown Version:\n I'm telling you... There is no use in being mad at me.\n \n Provided Version:\n I'm telling you it will do you no good to be angry at me.\n \n```\n\nAs you can see both English versions have the same meaning at the end of the\nday. BUT where the important point comes in is that the translator had the\nfreedom to get to this final English version. Where it feels good and natural\nto the target audience, English speakers, in this case.\n\n* * *\n\n**In response to raruna's first comment:**\n\nWhen you say \"here\" I'm going to assume you are talking directly about the\n`言っておくが` part and its relation to the English translation.\n\nWith this and the English translation you posted and even the one I did kept\nin mind, I want to say \"No\". Translating `が` to `But` doesn't necessarily make\nsense here. Here `が` is more of a unsaid filler word or pause when translated\nto English.\n\nThis goes back the point I cannot stress enough, which is you should not try\nto do direct translations/one to one word matches or try to force what I will\ncall \"textbook examples\" when translating.\n\nThe `X-Phraseが、Y-Phrase` meaning `X-Phrase, but Y-Phrase` pattern is a easy to\nunderstand textbook example for beginner Japanese learners that is used.\n\nAnd this works 95% of the time when translating from Japanese to English. But\nin the example you posted we can see this starts to fall apart when we are\ntrying to make the English translation feel natural.\n\nKeeping all of the implied meaning, everything in parenthesis, in the\ntranslation version I did we have\n\n```\n\n I'm telling you for your future's sake but... There is no use in being mad at me.\n \n```\n\nFrom a native English speaker's perspective this just sounds weird and\nrequires clean up to make it feel more natural, which is a essential part of\ntranslating to a different language.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-28T07:42:42.513",
"id": "80369",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-28T17:18:43.853",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-28T17:18:43.853",
"last_editor_user_id": "30339",
"owner_user_id": "30339",
"parent_id": "80358",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80358
|
80369
|
80369
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80360",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I thought I fully understood katakana, but an old meme confuses me.\n\nHere is a nicovideo dictionary entry on it:\n[フタエノキワミ、アッー!](https://dic.nicovideo.jp/a/%E3%83%95%E3%82%BF%E3%82%A8%E3%83%8E%E3%82%AD%E3%83%AF%E3%83%9F%E3%80%81%E3%82%A2%E3%83%83%E3%83%BC%21)\n\nIf you listen to a video of the English voice actor saying it, it just sounds\nlike a normal \"aaaaaa\" which I would expect to be アー. I know アッ is already\n\"ah\", but elongating that seems impossible to me. Why isn't it something like\nアーーッ? Maybe I'm overthinking this because it's a meme, but this spelling was\nagreed on, so there's clearly some construct to the language that makes this\nnormal.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-27T16:33:53.223",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80359",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-28T12:52:57.697",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9380",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 8,
"tags": [
"katakana",
"internet-slang"
],
"title": "How do you pronounce a ッ followed by a ー?",
"view_count": 985
}
|
[
{
"body": "Good point. It's actually\n[unpossible](https://www.pinterest.com/pin/386817055492683505/).\n\n>\n> 「アッ」と発声した後息を溜める所作を表現したものと思われるが、「ッ」の後に「ー」が続くという発声の不可能性からネットミームとしてウケ、やがて同性愛関係で「ア」のつく発声を表記する際に多用されるようになった。\n> ([source](https://dic.pixiv.net/a/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%83%E3%83%BC%21))\n>\n> While supposed to be transcription of a gasp after uttering アッ, its\n> impossibility of vocalization, that a ー follows a ッ, has made it viral as an\n> internet meme, eventually becoming a popular way to transcribe ア sound in\n> (typically the end of) a phrase with a homosexual innuendo.\n\nAnd the article is also kind enough to provide a pronunciation guide:\n\n>\n> 文法上発音することは不可能だが、声に出して朗読する際は「アーッ！」で代用することが多く、この単語を面白がる人達は「多田野選手のみ発音ができる」とすることがある。 \n> 英語ではその使われ方から\"aargh!\"［ɑːr］という発音が一番近いと思われる。\n>\n> Although grammatically unpronounceable, it is usually read out as if アーッ！,\n> or those who enjoy this word sometimes claim that only 多田野選手 (the meme\n> origin) can pronounce it. \n> In English, \"aargh!\"［ɑːr］might be the closest pronunciation judging from\n> its usage.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-27T17:26:23.820",
"id": "80360",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-28T12:52:57.697",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-28T12:52:57.697",
"last_editor_user_id": "7810",
"owner_user_id": "7810",
"parent_id": "80359",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 11
}
] |
80359
|
80360
|
80360
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I came across the paragraph in NHK:\n\nただし、国内では電気自動車のシェアは現状では1％に満たず、日本自動車工業会のまとめでは、去年国内で販売された乗用車のうちハイブリッド車が147万台余りだったのに対し、電気自動車は2万台余りにとどまっています。\n\nハイブリッド車などと比べ依然として割高な価格を引き下げることや充電スタンドなどのインフラを整備することが普及の条件ですが、車自体の性能や商品力を高められる\n**かも** メーカーにとっては課題となりそうです。\n\nI have my doubts regarding the use of か ,も and in the second paragraph.\n\nFrom I could figure out by breaking the sentence down, I think か and も are\nworking separately, but I might be wrong and it could be かも.\n\nI broke the last sentence after the comma this way:\n\n車自体の性能や商品力を高められる **かも** メーカーにとっては課題となり **そう** です。\n\ncar itself の performance や merchandise power を can be enhanced か(question)\nも(too) or かも(may) + maker にとっては issue + becomes + seems + is.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-27T19:50:48.433",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80363",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-28T13:43:42.240",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33280",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"particles"
],
"title": "How are the working in these sentence these two: かも and or か and も",
"view_count": 53
}
|
[
{
"body": "This **か** is a question marker used to form an [embedded\nquestion](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/13038/5010). Everything before\nか forms a noun clause working as the subject of the sentence. **も** is just\n\"also\" which replaced the subject marker が. かも meaning \"maybe\" does not exist\nin this sentence.\n\n * 車自体の性能や商品力を高められる **か** \n**Whether** they can improve the performance and appeal of the cars themselves\n\n * も \nalso\n\n * メーカーにとっては課題となりそうです。 \nwill be a challenge for the manufacturers.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-28T13:43:42.240",
"id": "80371",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-28T13:43:42.240",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80363",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
80363
| null |
80371
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80372",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Someone else asked this question in another Japanese learning space I'm in and\nI attempted to research it to find an answer for them, but I didn't quite get\na conclusive answer.\n\nOn goo, they define 卓 as\n[物を置く台](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/%E5%8D%93_%28%E3%81%9F%E3%81%8F%29/)\nand they define 台 as\n[物をのせるもの](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/%E5%8F%B0_%28%E3%81%A0%E3%81%84%29/)\n\nI also found [this article](https://99bako.com/1578.html) which I briefly\nskimmed through, and while it doesn't specifically address the difference\nbetween the two words/kanji in this question, there were mentions of them\nthroughout, but it didn't seem like there was any clear difference, that I\ncould find at least.\n\nAll I've been able to guess so far is that 台 is maybe broader in meaning in\nregard to tables than 卓, since 卓 is defined as a type of 台. I also noticed\nfrom my brief research that 卓 doesn't seem to be used by itself very often.\nAll I was able to find was 卓を囲む when it came to that. Otherwise it was mostly\njust compounds like 食卓. Where as with 台 it seemed that it could be used by\nitself or in compounds, either way.\n\nI am assuming that there is perhaps a way to distinguish between the two based\non the characteristics of any given table at hand whether it would be more\nappropriate to refer to it as a 卓 or a 台, but I was not able to find anything\ncovering this.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-27T21:41:08.927",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80365",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-28T14:17:16.787",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "17915",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words",
"kanji",
"nuances",
"kanji-choice"
],
"title": "What is the difference between 卓 and 台?",
"view_count": 193
}
|
[
{
"body": "A 台 is closer to \"stand\" or \"base\". It can be big or small, depending on the\nthing you put on it.\n\n\n\nA 卓 is closer to \"booth\" or \"counter\". It can refer to tables or desks in\ngeneral, but today it typically refers to some specialized desks you use while\nstanding or sitting by it. For details, please see: [When is a table not a\ntable?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/68362/5010)\n\n\n\nTables are usually just called テーブル.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-28T14:17:16.787",
"id": "80372",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-28T14:17:16.787",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80365",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80365
|
80372
|
80372
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I tried to understand and translate, I can think of:\n\n 1. \"She's a nice woman from the same sex, right?\"\n\n 2. \"Seeing from the same sex, she's a nice woman, right?\"\n\n 3. \"She's a nice woman to see from the same sex, right?\"\n\nBut I'm not sure what is the correct meaning of the sentence.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-27T22:39:40.797",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80366",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-27T23:18:39.380",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-27T23:16:06.023",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "40134",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"reading-comprehension",
"grammar"
],
"title": "Meaning of 「同性から見たって良い女だろ?」",
"view_count": 192
}
|
[
{
"body": "「同性から見たって良い女だろ」\n\n「同性から」= 'From the same sex'\n\n「見たって」= 'even seeing'\n\n「良い女」= 'attractive woman'\n\n「だろ？」= 'right?'\n\nLiterally, 'Even viewed from the same sex, she's an attractive woman, right?'\nMore naturally, 'Even a girl's gotta admit she's hot, right?'",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-27T23:18:39.380",
"id": "80367",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-27T23:18:39.380",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9971",
"parent_id": "80366",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
80366
| null |
80367
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I have been practicing writing recently where I use counters, but I keep\ngetting corrected by native speakers on there usage.\n\nFor example I write\n\n> 3個のりんごを食べたいです。 \n> I want to eat 3 apples.\n\nBut I keep getting corrected to\n\n> りんご3個を食べたいです。\n\nI don't really understand why I'm getting corrected though. When asking for an\nexplanation I have only been told the usage is wrong, but it doesn't go deeper\nthan that.\n\nThis conflicts with various articles that I have read like this\n[one](https://www.tofugu.com/japanese/japanese-counters-guide/#using-japanese-\ncounters-in-grammar) that say they are the same/have the same meaning. So now\nI'm just extremely confused overall.\n\nWhat is the difference between `3個のりんごを食べたいです。` and `りんご3個を食べたいです。`? Why do I\nkeep getting corrected?\n\nAlso where does this put the version where the counter is used as an adverb?\nFor example:\n\n> りんごを3個食べたいです。\n\nWhat does it mean or imply? Is there special use-cases for this version too?\n\n* * *\n\n**Response to broccolifacemask-cloth:**\n\nHonestly, I don't think that answers it unfortunately\n\nFrom my perspective, what I thought or already understood, the article I\nlinked, and the question you linked (including the wiki link in the answer)\nall seem to have the same understanding. Which is that counter usage comes in\n2 different \"categories\"\n\n```\n\n Noun based, which has 2 \"styles\"\n A. [Number][Counter]の[Noun] => 3個のりんご\n B. [Noun][Number][Counter] => りんご3個\n \n Adverb based:\n C. [Number][Counter][Verb] => 3個食べたいです\n \n```\n\nWhen it comes to the noun based category it seems that they simply show that\nthere is a count associated with a noun and nothing more. No implied meaning\nor anything. Just simply there is a X amount of Y noun. However, based on the\nnumber of times I keep getting corrected and attempts to get an explanation\nthere seems to be some implied meaning / difference between the 2 styles and\nthat is what I'm trying to understand.\n\nWhich then makes me question if I understand the adverb based version. In my\ncurrent understanding (also what seems to be stated in the links) the adverb\nbased version puts emphasis on the number of times an action occurs **where**\nthe noun based version puts emphasis on the count or number of the noun.\n\nSo I guess a better way to state my question is:\n\nIs there actually an implied meaning / difference between the 2 noun based\nstyles or am I just being corrected because some native speakers prefer one\nstyle over the other? Also is my understanding of the adverb based version\ncorrect?",
"comment_count": 10,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-28T06:36:29.863",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80368",
"last_activity_date": "2020-12-19T20:15:13.320",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-28T17:52:41.983",
"last_editor_user_id": "30339",
"owner_user_id": "30339",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 8,
"tags": [
"counters",
"nouns"
],
"title": "Counters and their placements with nouns",
"view_count": 338
}
|
[
{
"body": "Japanese is a topic prominent language and since apple りんご is the topic of the\nsentence, it should be placed at the start of the sentence.\n\n3個のりんごを食べたいです。and りんご3個を食べたいです。both means the same thing - I want to eat three\napples.\n\nWhereas, りんごを3個食べたいです means I would like to eat three apples\n\nHope you find this helpful!!",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-11-27T11:52:05.457",
"id": "82819",
"last_activity_date": "2020-11-27T11:52:05.457",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "41030",
"parent_id": "80368",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "This is kind of a \"feeling\" answer, but perhaps it will be helpful.\n\n\"３個のりんごを\" sounds like 1) there are 3 specific apples that you intend to eat,\nor 2) you want to eat exactly 3 and no more than 3. \"りんごを３個\" sounds like you\nreally like apples and that you want to (could) eat three.\n\nFor example \"２杯のビールを飲んだ\" vs \"ビール２杯を飲んだ\". The first puts emphasis on the\ncounter. Perhaps I don't usually drink that much so I want to stress that I\ndrank a lot (for me). The second feels more like a statement of fact, perhaps\nto explain why I'm not that hungry at the moment.\n\nFurther, if I wanted to emphasize that I drank a lot for me, and still place\nthe counter after the noun, I could say \"ビール２杯 **も** 飲んだ\"\n\nThese are probably questions of usage conventions, and there may not be hard\nand fast grammar rules that apply. (I'm not that versed in grammar\ntechnicalities and terminology.)\n\nI upvoted the \"topic first\" answer, because it seems to capture a (unwritten?)\nusage convention as well.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-12-19T20:15:13.320",
"id": "83181",
"last_activity_date": "2020-12-19T20:15:13.320",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5078",
"parent_id": "80368",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
80368
| null |
82819
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80387",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In programming is very common to say things like \"create an issue\", \"open a\nticket\", when you are asking for help or want to create a \"topic\" about the\nproblem you wanna solve.\n\nI realized that here in Japan people say things like:\n\n> イシューを切る。イシューを切ってください。イシューを切っておきました。etc\n\n[Reference](https://k-hyoda.hatenablog.com/entry/2019/04/27/200740#1-Issue%E3%82%92%E5%88%87%E3%82%8B)\n\nI assume 切る here means something like \"Create\" or \"Open\", is it correct? I\ntried looking on [Jisho](https://jisho.org/search/%E5%88%87%E3%82%8B) but the\nmeanings there do not seem to fit.\n\nAlso, are there other words that take 切る with a similar meaning?",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-28T09:51:25.167",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80370",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-29T10:01:51.783",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "16104",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Meaning of 切る in イシューを切る",
"view_count": 117
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think it corresponds to the 8th definition of 切る on jisho.org:\n\n> to issue (stamps, vouchers, etc.)\n\n(But this \"stamps\" should be a translation mistake. We say\n[小切手](https://jisho.org/word/%E5%B0%8F%E5%88%87%E6%89%8B)を切る but not 切手を切る.\n小切手 and 切手 are completely different.)\n\nデジタル大辞泉 and 明鏡国語辞典 give exactly the same definition (伝票や小切手などを発行する), but 明鏡\nalso describes the etymology:\n\n> 伝票や小切手などを発行する。「小切手［伝票］を━」\n>\n> ▶ **切り離して発行することから。**\n\nSo 切る meaning \"issue\" is used with \"ticket-like\" things because cutting a\nticket meant using it. \"Ticket\" is another name for what GitHub calls \"issue\",\nso this should be straightforward.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-29T09:55:43.293",
"id": "80387",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-29T10:01:51.783",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-29T10:01:51.783",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80370",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
80370
|
80387
|
80387
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "「ああ。俺たちは確かに、歌でおまえには敵わなかった。......でも、メイドカフェや、他の出展物を用意してくれた生徒たちが、俺たち **に**\n足りない部分を埋めてくれたんだよ」\n\nHi. Could you explain the function of the に here? I previously thought it was\nbecause of てくれた until I’ve come across these examples.\n\n 1. 私に足りないものは、行動力と自信です。\n 2. 私たちに足りないものは何ですか？\n 3. あなたは私に足りないものを補う。\n\n[https://www.google.com/search?client=safari&sxsrf=ALeKk00u7sjN7XpEyh0up_byAFi3gA1xgg%3A1598624042890&source=hp&ei=KhFJX8qANMqo5gLwm5yIBw&q=自分に足りないもの+英語&btnK=Google+搜索](https://www.google.com/search?client=safari&sxsrf=ALeKk00u7sjN7XpEyh0up_byAFi3gA1xgg%3A1598624042890&source=hp&ei=KhFJX8qANMqo5gLwm5yIBw&q=%E8%87%AA%E5%88%86%E3%81%AB%E8%B6%B3%E3%82%8A%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84%E3%82%82%E3%81%AE+%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E&btnK=Google+%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2)\n\nSo the use of に has nothing to do with てくれる.\n\nThank you.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-28T14:19:00.193",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80373",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-28T15:05:13.223",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36662",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"particle-に"
],
"title": "The function of the に in 俺たちに足りない部分を埋めて",
"view_count": 63
}
|
[
{
"body": "We say:\n\n> A に B がある／いる _A has B_\n\non the same track:\n\n> A に B が足りる _A has enough of B_\n\nHowever, the ～に argument is less likely to show up in the affirmative\nsentence. So you see much more often in the form:\n\n> A に B が足りない _A lacks B_\n\n> 俺たちに足りない部分 _the part we lack / are short of / miss_",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-28T15:05:13.223",
"id": "80375",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-28T15:05:13.223",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7810",
"parent_id": "80373",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80373
| null |
80375
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Is the sentence どんなことでも失敗したら、人のせいにしてはなりません。read as:\n\n 1. [どんなことでも][失敗したら]、人のせいにしてはなりません。 = [No matter what][if you fail], don't blame people. or\n 2. [どんなことでも失敗したら]、人のせいにしてはなりません。 = [No matter how you fail], don't blame people. ?\n\n* * *\n\n* * *\n\nProviding the reason with the answer please.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-28T15:22:49.783",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80376",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-30T17:40:49.237",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-30T17:40:49.237",
"last_editor_user_id": "39768",
"owner_user_id": "39768",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"parsing",
"subordinate-clauses",
"clause-pattern",
"ambiguous-relative-clauses"
],
"title": "Is どんなことでも失敗したら a whole clause or two separate clauses?",
"view_count": 117
}
|
[
{
"body": "I would parse it as:\n\n[どんなことでも][失敗したら、人のせいにしてはなりません]。\n\n[No matter what it is,] [if you fail, don't blame others].\n\nThe [人]{ひと} here means [他人]{たにん/ひと}, \"others\".",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-29T01:21:24.443",
"id": "80383",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-29T01:21:24.443",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "80376",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80376
| null |
80383
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80382",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I encountered the word here: 世界で色んな人が食べ物がないから、食べ物を捨ててはならない!と子供の頃から両親 が教えてくれた。\n\nand the 'adjectival' definition in\n<https://jisho.org/search/%E8%89%B2%E3%82%93%E3%81%AA>\n\n* * *\n\n* * *\n\n**Edit:** Both @Leebo 's and @Aeon Akechi 's answers did answer my question\nand were rich of useful information. But I accepted the longest answer.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-28T23:57:59.000",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80378",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-30T17:35:39.323",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-30T17:35:39.323",
"last_editor_user_id": "39768",
"owner_user_id": "39768",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"adjectives"
],
"title": "Why is 色んな an adjectival and not an adjective?",
"view_count": 155
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think it's because 色ん can't stand its own without な. One can say\n「世界には色んな人がいる」, but not 「世界にいる人は色んだ」. (Similar to 小さな, 大きな, おかしな)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-29T00:14:46.883",
"id": "80381",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-29T00:14:46.883",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9971",
"parent_id": "80378",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "It cannot be used as a predicate. It can only come before a noun to directly\nmodify it, the way that it modifies 人 in the sentence you provided.\n\nSo you cannot end a sentence with things like\n\n> ✕～が色んなです。 \n> ✕～は色んな。\n\nThings that are described as adjectives can of course directly modify a word,\nbut they can also be used as a predicate. For instance, the related word いろいろ\nis a な adjective.\n\nSo you can say いろいろな～ or you can say ～がいろいろだ",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-29T00:18:30.500",
"id": "80382",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-29T00:18:30.500",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20479",
"parent_id": "80378",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
80378
|
80382
|
80382
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm looking to translate a catch-phrase into Japanese. It would belong to a\nservant/butler character, when he confirms a order, or announces his arrival,\netc.\n\nBasically \"My Queen\" / \"My Princess\" phrase.\n\nNaive translation would be \"Boku no Joou\" / \"Boku no Hime\".\n\nHowever I'm worried that it'd more imply that the princess belongs to him,\nthen him to the princess, and despite using subservient pronoun it'd be rude.\n\nWas there any idiomatic phrase like that in Japanese?\n\nWould he simply state \"Surname-sama\"?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-29T00:04:51.933",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80379",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-29T18:18:46.393",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-29T18:18:46.393",
"last_editor_user_id": "7810",
"owner_user_id": "30706",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"idioms",
"pronouns"
],
"title": "How would a butler/servant refer to his princess?",
"view_count": 360
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think 殿下｛でんか｝ for a princess and 陛下｛へいか｝ for a queen are strictly 'proper',\nbut 王女様｛おうじょさま｝, お姫様｛おひめさま｝, and 女王様｛じょおうさま｝ appear to be pretty common. I\nthink a sort of subservient 'Yes, my queen' for accepting an order might be\nsomething like 「かしこまりました、陛下・女王様」.\n\nAnd if the woman in question isn't _actual_ royalty, you should probably go\nwith something like 「お嬢さん｛おじょうさん｝・お嬢様｛おじょうさま｝」.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-29T00:08:39.577",
"id": "80380",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-29T09:48:32.110",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-29T09:48:32.110",
"last_editor_user_id": "9971",
"owner_user_id": "9971",
"parent_id": "80379",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80379
| null |
80380
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80385",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "この漢字は読めない[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/s33cJ.png)\n\nI guess I also just need to add more words to post this question. Please help\nif you can read the kanji, and thank you.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-29T02:11:37.727",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80384",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-29T03:06:01.283",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40140",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"kanji"
],
"title": "Can not find this kanji online",
"view_count": 102
}
|
[
{
"body": "This is 不 (fu) in a semi-cursive font.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-29T03:06:01.283",
"id": "80385",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-29T03:06:01.283",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1761",
"parent_id": "80384",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80384
|
80385
|
80385
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80396",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "『その隙を、ステージ部門二位につけた来禅が衝いたというわけですね。特に模擬店部門のメイドカフェの得票数が凄まじい！審査の際に物議を醸したという話ですが、実行委員の熱心なプッシュが功を奏した\n**形になります** ね！』\n\nThe host was announcing that the champion school at a school festival was\n来禅高校, whose maid cafe won them a lot of votes.\n\nHi. What does 形になります mean here? Thank you.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-29T10:42:25.600",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80388",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-29T18:02:19.963",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36662",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"set-phrases"
],
"title": "What does 形になります mean here?",
"view_count": 142
}
|
[
{
"body": "The phrase has very low searchability so that I might miss one or two\nduplicate questions on this site (somewhat close\n[one](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/61295/7810)), but...\n\n形 has [a\ndefinition](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/%E5%BD%A2_%28%E3%81%8B%E3%81%9F%E3%81%A1%29/)\namong formal noun usages:\n\n> **３** 物事の結果としての状態。「どっちつかずの―になる」\n\nFormal nouns are usually appositive not translating very well into English:\n\n> 実行委員の熱心なプッシュが功を奏した形になります \n> lit. \"It would be a consequence that the (festival) committee members'\n> eager push paid off\" \n> ≈ _the committee members' hard push has contributed a lot to this result_",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-29T16:59:10.110",
"id": "80396",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-29T18:02:19.963",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-29T18:02:19.963",
"last_editor_user_id": "7810",
"owner_user_id": "7810",
"parent_id": "80388",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80388
|
80396
|
80396
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/vX86g.jpg)\n\nMy question pertains to the 拒絶したところで quote in the third panel:\n\n> 薄っぺらい道義心で本能を拒絶し **たところで** 戦うお前は楽しそうだった \n> お前の本能は血を求めてるんだよ神楽\n\nThe background is that the girl is from a tribe of bloodlusty mercenaries and\nhas worked a few stints for this パンチパーマやくざ before deciding that she didn't\nwant to have anything to do with mercenary work anymore and to turn over a new\nleaf. I'm now trying to figure out the exact meaning of ～たところで here, as I've\nadmittedly never come across it in this fashion. I assume the grammar used\nhere is this one: <https://nihongokyoshi-net.com/2020/01/20/jlptn1-grammar-\ntatokorode/> but I'm not sure. That'd make the translation following: _Even\nwith you rejecting (trying to reject?) your natural instincts with that thin\nline of moral sense of yours, you still seemed to enjoy yourself fighting.\nYour instincts are craving for blood, Kagura._\n\nI know that there are a few other ところs that could work in this fashion, e.g.\n今食べ終わったところで、今腹いっぱいよ and 昨晩いい夢見てたんだけどちょうど面白いところで目を覚めちゃった but none of those make\nsense in this context. Am I right with my interpretation here? And if yes, is\nthe 'tried to/attempted to' (even if you tried to reject your...) implied\nhere? I'd expect something more along the lines of 拒絶しようとしたところで in that case\nbut I don't exactly know about the specifics on how this grammar is usually\nused and interpreted.\n\nAs always any input is greatly appreciated!\n\nEdit: Sorry for the lousy picture, if there's anything that needs to be\ncleared up, let me know!",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-29T12:41:08.457",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80389",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-29T12:41:08.457",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "35224",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "～たところで - Even if ...?",
"view_count": 97
}
|
[] |
80389
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 「精霊がアイドル......しかも最低でも半年以上前からこっちの世界に溶け込んで生活してた **っていうの**\n> ？こんな活動をしながら？はっ、狂三なんて目じゃないわね」\n>\n> 琴里が発した狂三の名に、士道はぴくりと顔を動かした。以前、人間として士道のクラスに転入してきた精霊である。\n\nI previously thought the bold part is the same as というのか until I have been told\nit is a causal version of というのですか today. So is there any difference between\nというのか and というのですか?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-29T13:48:29.770",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80390",
"last_activity_date": "2023-07-15T00:02:45.293",
"last_edit_date": "2022-06-19T21:48:11.497",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "36662",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "というのか vs というのですか",
"view_count": 558
}
|
[
{
"body": "~~ というのですか means something like \"'are you saying?' or 'so you're saying'. It's\ncertainly a rhetorical question, not a real one. This form is often in\nresponse to someone who has provided surprising information, but it can also\nbe used when realizing something for yourself.\"\n\nSee the answer provided in the\n[link](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/24856/the-usage-\nof-%E3%81%A8%E3%81%84%E3%81%86-in-questions/24858#24858):\n\n> 「～～というのだ」、「～～というの」、「～～というのか」, etc. added at the end of a question generally\n> functions to emphasize the question itself.\n>\n> By adding one of those phrases, you are expressing the fact that you really\n> want to know the answer because whatever happened that caused you to ask the\n> question perplexes, surprises, shocks you, etc.\n\n~~というのか is more about rephrasing what has been told before, something like \"I\nsaid this, but it indeed means that\", \"or how should I say it\". It is used to\nnuance what you just said. it is similar to と言うより",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-12-27T17:55:15.580",
"id": "83302",
"last_activity_date": "2022-05-20T18:19:31.890",
"last_edit_date": "2022-05-20T18:19:31.890",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "37097",
"parent_id": "80390",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
80390
| null |
83302
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "When reading Japanese financial news, I found that different units were used\nfor different stock indexes. [For\nexample](https://www.fnn.jp/articles/-/79084), ドル／セント was used for Dow Jones\nIndustrial Average, while ポイント was used for NASDAQ Composite. (Emphasis mine)\n\n> 結局、 **ダウ工業株30種平均** の終値は、前の日より、 **161ドル60セント** 高い、 **2万8,653ドル87セント**\n> と続伸し[...]\n>\n> 一方、ハイテク株主体の **ナスダック総合指数** は反発し、 **70.29ポイント** 上がって、1万1,695.63と[...]\n\nWhy are different units used to describe the different indexes? Why is Dow\ndescribed in dollar, and NASDAQ in point?\n\nThis is different from English's terminology, where [point was used for\nDow](https://www.thestreet.com/markets/stock-market-dow-jones-industrial-\naverage-federal-reserve-082820).\n\nMy initial guess is that the weighing method has something to do with the\nunits used. Dow is [price-weighed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Price-\nweighted_index) where NASDAQ is [market cap-\nweighed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalization-weighted_index). But I\ncould not work out how this leads to different units being used.",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-29T15:09:34.603",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80391",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-02T14:35:13.773",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-02T14:35:13.773",
"last_editor_user_id": "40144",
"owner_user_id": "40144",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"counters"
],
"title": "Units for stock indexes",
"view_count": 111
}
|
[] |
80391
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80410",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What is the meaning of やらで in this tanka and where it comes from?\n\n> 春のよの月は木のまを **出でやらで** まづ山のはの花ぞみえ行く\n\nI found that the expression 出でやる could be an equivalent of 出てくる but I don't\nreally understand the equivalence between 出でやる and 出てくる at all... I found that\n出で comes from 出づ, and old version of the actual 出る (is this correct?). It can\nbe translated as appear, but i don't really understand the function of やる\nthere.\n\nAlso I think the で after やらで could act like \"not\" here, but i am not really\nsure about that.\n\n_Sources_\n\nThe original source is this: volume 4 of Shimpen Kokka taikan, ed. Shimpen\nKokka Taikan Henshû I'inkai (Tokyo: Kadokawa Shoten, 1986), although I had a\nhard time finding this book. I also use this English translation, although\nit's all in rômaji: Just Living, poems & prose by the Japanese monk Tonna, by\nSteven D. Carter.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-29T16:01:33.137",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80392",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-02T19:54:45.047",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-02T19:31:50.357",
"last_editor_user_id": "78",
"owner_user_id": "40066",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"translation",
"words",
"classical-japanese"
],
"title": "What is the function of やらで?",
"view_count": 203
}
|
[
{
"body": "You're right about 出{い}で; it is the 連用形 of 出{い}づ, meaning \"to emerge, to go\nout, to come out,\" etc. Here, the 連用形 is used because 出{い}づ is being combined\nwith the auxiliary verb やる.\n\nAs a verb in its own right, やる has a range of meanings, the most basic and\ncommon of which is \"to send [something or someone somewhere].\" By extension,\nやる can also be used as an auxiliary verb to convey that an action is taking\nplace over a long distance, as in\n[見{み}遣{や}る](https://kobun.weblio.jp/content/%E8%A6%8B%E9%81%A3%E3%82%8B),\nwhich can mean \"to look at [something far away].\"\n\nIn this poem, though, やる is being used as an auxiliary verb in a different\nway, a way that conveys the idea of **completion**. That is, [verb] + やる means\n\"to finish [verb]ing,\" \"to [verb] completely,\" \"to [verb] all the way,\" etc.\nHowever, this auxiliary usage of やる very commonly occurs in a **negative**\nform, so it's often used to say \" **doesn't** finish [verb]ing,\" \" **didn't**\n[verb] completely,\" \" **hasn't** [verb]ed all the way,\" etc. The relevant\n[entry for this usage in Weblio's\n古語辞典](https://kobun.weblio.jp/content/%E3%82%84%E3%82%8B) is\n\n> や・る 【遣る】\n>\n> [二]補助動詞ラ行四段活用 活用｛ら／り／る／る／れ／れ｝ 〔動詞の連用形に付いて〕 ②\n> 〔多く下に打消の語を伴って〕すっかり…する。最後まで…する。…しきる。▽その>動作が最後まで行われたという意味を表す。\n\nAnd sure enough, that negative usage is what's happening here, as we have the\n未{み}然{ぜん}形{けい} of やる followed by what you have correctly identified as the\nnegative particle で. Here's the [Weblio\nentry](https://kobun.weblio.jp/content/%E3%81%A7) for で:\n\n> で 接続助詞 《接続》活用語の未然形に付く。〔打消の接続〕…ないで。…ずに。\n\nSo putting this all together, 出{い}でやらで tells us that the moon (which seems to\nbe rising from behind a mountain to the east) **hasn't yet fully emerged**\nfrom the trees.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-30T23:17:34.163",
"id": "80410",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-02T19:54:45.047",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-02T19:54:45.047",
"last_editor_user_id": "78",
"owner_user_id": "33934",
"parent_id": "80392",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
80392
|
80410
|
80410
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "「……それで。扉の外でお話を聞く **に** 、何だか琴里さんがトチ狂っていやがったようなので一撃お見舞いしてやったわけですが……オーケイでした？」\n\nHi. The speaker heard 琴里 talking in an insane way so the speaker snapped 琴里\nout of it with a single stroke.\n\nHi. What is the function of the に in bold? Is something omitted after the に\nlike つけ?\n\nThank you.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-29T17:25:04.140",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80397",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-29T17:25:04.140",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36662",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"particle-に"
],
"title": "Function of に in お話を聞くに?",
"view_count": 33
}
|
[] |
80397
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "1. I was reading about [Wasei-kango](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasei-kango), and am bemused why Japanese-made Chinese words is translated as **和** 製漢語. Why not **日本** 製漢語?\n\n 2. How did 和 semantically shift to mean Japan then?\n\n 3. Isn't this semantic shift ironic? Some Chinese wouldn't regard Japan as \"peaceful\" or \"calm\". [Sino-Japanese relations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China%E2%80%93Japan_relations) haven't been harmony.\n\n[CUHK](http://humanum.arts.cuhk.edu.hk/Lexis/lexi-\nmf/search.php?word=%E5%92%8C) doesn't exhibit\n[Wiktionary](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%92%8C#Definitions)'s\ndefinition 8 of \"Japanese\". So I screenshot\n[Yellowbridge](https://www.yellowbridge.com/chinese/character-\netymology.php?zi=%E5%92%8C).\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/MOuEF.jpg)",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-29T22:38:03.373",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80400",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-31T21:10:19.273",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"etymology",
"chinese"
],
"title": "What semantic notions underlie 和 and Japan?",
"view_count": 211
}
|
[
{
"body": "和 (pronounced “wa” in Japanese and “wo” in Chinese) is an old name for Japan,\nolder than 日本. Sometimes it was written as 倭 (which has negative connotations\nwhen used by Chinese to refer to Japan). It is still used to refer to Japan in\nnumber of words (和製英語、和食、和室、和式、和服、和牛). However it is not an official name for\nJapan. Actually Japan doesn’t have an official name in Japanese but 日本 is the\ncurrent _de facto_ name for Japan. The name 和 for Japan is as old as the\nintroduction of Japanese Kanji itself so “semantic shift” doesn’t really apply\nhere. It was used to mean Japan (as well as Peace / Harmony) for as long as\nJapanese has been a written language. Bear in mind that relations between\nJapan and China have changed a lot in the 1200 or so years since.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-30T06:09:30.860",
"id": "80403",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-30T06:16:41.657",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-30T06:16:41.657",
"last_editor_user_id": "14608",
"owner_user_id": "14608",
"parent_id": "80400",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "I'd like to address your questions directly.\n\n> 1. I was reading about [Wasei-kango](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasei-\n> kango), and am bemused why Japanese-made Chinese words is translated as\n> **和** 製漢語. Why not **日本** 製漢語?\n>\n\nStylistically speaking, there is a preference for four-character compounds.\nThere is a very long history of four-character compounds, deriving from\nstylistic practices developed long ago in written Chinese. Five-character\ncompounds like 日本製漢語 look clunky, and violate aesthetic principles. As such,\nif there is a synonym that can be used instead that will shorten the phrase\nfrom five characters to four, writers will use that synonym.\n\n> 2. How did 和 semantically shift to mean Japan then?\n>\n\nThe first mention of Japan in historic texts used the [Middle Chinese term\n**倭**](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%80%AD#Chinese), with a reconstructed\nreading of //ʔuɑ//, pronounced something like how you might say _waw_ using an\nAmerican English pronunciation. This meant \"dwarf, midget\", and was used by\nChinese writers either to imply that the residents of the Japanese islands at\nthe time were actually physically small, or (perhaps more likely) to imply\nthat they were relatively insignificant from the perspective of the Chinese\nEmpire.\n\nJapanese writers originally used Chinese to write, so this **倭** (\"dwarf,\nmidget\") character to mean \"Japan\" was also used by the first Japanese\nwriters. After borrowing into Japanese, this character gained the reading _wa_\n, pronounced more or less the same as modern Japanese わ ( _wa_ ).\n\nDuring the reign of [Empress\nGenmei](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empress_Genmei) (707–715), Japanese\nwriters decided that they didn't want to use the word for \"dwarf, midget\" to\nrefer to themselves anymore, so they looked around for a different word that\nhad the same reading. Basically, they went shopping through the dictionary to\nfind a nice name. :)\n\nFor more detail, see also [the Wiktionary entry for\n和](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%92%8C#Japanese).\n\n> 3. Isn't this semantic shift ironic? Some Chinese wouldn't regard Japan as\n> \"peaceful\" or \"calm\". [Sino-Japanese\n> relations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China%E2%80%93Japan_relations)\n> haven't been harmony.\n>\n\nAny irony only happens from a modern perspective. When the 和 spelling was\nchosen back in the early 700s, most of [Sino-Japanese\nrelations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China%E2%80%93Japan_relations) hadn't\nhappened yet.\n\n* * *\n\nPlease comment if the above does not address your questions, and I can edit to\nupdate.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-31T21:10:19.273",
"id": "80432",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-31T21:10:19.273",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5229",
"parent_id": "80400",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
80400
| null |
80432
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80402",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Reading this article I came across よる、but I cannot quite make out its meaning.\n\n副大臣の1人は、ＮＨＫの取材に対し、「事前に全く聞いていなかったので、非常に驚いた。憲法改正や北方領土問題、北朝鮮による拉致問題などを、安倍総理大臣なら前に進められるのではないかと期待していただけに、非常に残念だ。少なくとも任期いっぱいは続けてほしかった」と述べました。そのうえで、「後任の総理大臣の選び方については、安倍総理大臣がいつまで続けられるかや、いつまでに選出しなければならないかにも\n**よる** のではないか」と述べました。\n\nResearching on my dictionary I came across these words 因る, 寄る and 選る. I am\nmore inclined for the first one since it is for reason.\n\nSo:\n\n安倍総理大臣がいつまで続けられるかや、いつまでに選出しなければならないかにも **よる** のではないか abe prime ministerが until\nwhen can continue や until whenに must elect かにも reason no?\n\nI would say it is reason, but I am uncertain.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-29T23:23:03.387",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80401",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-30T02:10:03.660",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33280",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"words"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of よる in this sentence?",
"view_count": 163
}
|
[
{
"body": "（～に）[よる](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/%E5%9B%A0%E3%82%8B/#jn-228572)\nmeans \"depend (on~)\".\n\n「XXはYYによる」- \"XX depends on YY\"\n\nSo your example means:\n\n> 「Regarding 後任の総理大臣の選び方, it would depend on 安倍総理大臣がいつまで続けられるか and also\n> いつまでに(後任の総理大臣を)選出しなければならないか」\n\n> _lit._ Regarding how to pick a new prime minister, it would depend on how\n> long Abe can continue and also by when we need to pick (a new prime\n> minister).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-30T01:53:45.650",
"id": "80402",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-30T02:10:03.660",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-30T02:10:03.660",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "80401",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
80401
|
80402
|
80402
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80422",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "アトラクション要素として、店内にメリーゴーランドでも設置したのだろう。場末の居酒屋は他店との差別化 **に**\n大変なんだろうな。その経営努力、わからんでもない。\n\nHi. I know the underlined sentence means \"Differentiating their izakaya\nrestaurant from others is difficult.\". And some say the bold に is a mistake,\nwhich should be が. Some say the に is a colloquialism to use -ni to introduce\nthe aim of an endeavor for 大変だ, as in \"最初はすごく理解されるのに大変だったけれど、\"(I don't quite\nunderstand this explanation).\n\nCould you please shed some light on the function of this に? Personally I don't\nreally think it is a mistake, but I can't find this usage in my textbook\nether.\n\nThank you.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-30T09:51:38.873",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80404",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-31T15:31:39.940",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36662",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"particle-に"
],
"title": "What is the function of the に in 差別化に大変?",
"view_count": 118
}
|
[
{
"body": "If I had to choose [a\ndefinition](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/%E3%81%AB/#jn-166083) from a\ndictionary, it'd be this:\n\n> **５** 動作・作用の目的を表す。「見舞いに行く」「迎えに行く」\n\nBut it is far from enough specific for your question, I guess.\n\nThe explanation you got \"to introduce the aim of an endeavor\" is basically\ncorrect, that the expression implies that someone is _doing_ something at the\nmoment, and tells what condition they are in (by adjective), trying to achieve\nor finish what (by に).\n\n> 先生はテストの採点に忙しい _The teacher is busy marking the tests._ \n> 監督は決定力の強化に熱心だ _The manager is eager in improving scoring ability._\n\nThe adjective has to describe a certain manner of an action, so \"action-less\"\nkind of words like mental adjectives are not allowed.\n\n> × 私は日本語の勉強に面白い\n\n> 場末の居酒屋は他店との差別化に大変なんだろうな。 \n> \"I guess an izakaya in an outlying area must be desperate for\n> differentiating itself from others.\" \n> \"I guess an izakaya in an outlying area must try the hard way to\n> differentiate itself from others.\" \n> \"I guess an izakaya in an outlying area always struggles to differentiate\n> itself from others.\"",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-31T07:51:20.127",
"id": "80422",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-31T15:31:39.940",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-31T15:31:39.940",
"last_editor_user_id": "7810",
"owner_user_id": "7810",
"parent_id": "80404",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
80404
|
80422
|
80422
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I was watching an anime when a quite interesting conversation happened. I\ncould only read the subtitles as my Japanese is really bad but I tried my best\nto reconstruct the sentence afterwards.\n\n[Here](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1nkzdmn6iSSLcVkz3VRnL4O-Hq3isiZmh/view?usp=sharing)\nis a copy of the section:\n\nFrom what I can understand (please correct me) it's something like\n\n> 迷うのが人間です。だからこそ崇高でありたいとのその。\n\nThe subtitles where something like\n\n> Having doubts is human, that is why we try to be devine.\n\nSo I checked the 迷 in this sentence and there are many possible translations.\nIn the context of the situation it really was about having doubts as a human\nand becoming someone like Bhudda,so maybe due to the 辶 in 迷 denoting a sort of\npath on which somebody is lost on his spiritual travel towards Nirvana? But\nout of this context is there any reason in using 迷 here instead of other\nthings like 危疑?",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-30T12:28:37.570",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80405",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-01T06:40:48.713",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40154",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"word-choice"
],
"title": "How would you interpret 迷 in this sentence?",
"view_count": 139
}
|
[
{
"body": "First, the correct transcription is:\n\n> 迷うのが人間です。だからこそ崇高でありたいと **望む** 。\n\nThis 迷う is a verb that just means \"to hesitate to make up one's mind\" or \"to\nthink much and be unable to decide\". Although there is no perfect equivalent\nin English, this is a very common and mundane verb in Japanese, and it has\nnothing to do with a specific religion. For example 迷っています usually just means\n\"I'm still thinking\". You can see several example sentences\n[here](http://www.eikaiwanow.com/blog/decide) and\n[here](https://eikaiwa.dmm.com/uknow/questions/39085/). \"Having doubts\" should\nbe one of the possible translations depending on the context.\n\nGrammatically, this is a [cleft\nsentence](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/19208/5010) made from 人間は迷う.\n\n> 人間は迷います。 \n> Human beings cannot decide.\n>\n> 迷うのが人間です。 \n> It's human beings who cannot decide. \n> (This が is for exhaustive-listing)\n\nOne sentence similar to this is 失敗するのが人間だ (\"To err is human\").",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-01T03:45:47.233",
"id": "80440",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-01T06:25:14.757",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-01T06:25:14.757",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80405",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "I found it is very difficult to translate without some background info.I\ncouldn't figure out what the speaker actually meant. Here could be one of\npossible interpretations.\n\n＞迷うのが人間です。だからこそ崇高でありたいと望む。\n\nWe may make mistakes because we are human, therefore, I wish to follow noble\ninstinct.\n\nDoes it make sense for the anime?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-01T06:40:48.713",
"id": "80444",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-01T06:40:48.713",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40170",
"parent_id": "80405",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
80405
| null |
80440
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I came across two paragraphs in which こられた is mentioned.\n\n1st paragraph:\n\n> 萩生田文部科学大臣は、ＮＨＫの取材に対し、「 _報道が事実だとすれば、これまで体調が悪い中でも業務を続けて **こられた**\n> のに、ここにきて辞任されるのは非常に残念だ_。まだお若いので、今後は体調に気をつけていただきながら後輩への指導をしっかりしてもらいたい」と述べました。\n\n2nd paragraph:\n\n>\n> 自民党の稲田幹事長代行は、ＮＨＫの取材に対し、「全く予想していなかった事態なので、正直、驚いている。まだ新型コロナウイルスが収束せず、先行きが見通せない状況で、安全保障環境も厳しい状況なので政治空白を作ってはいけない。安倍総理大臣には、政権を奪還してから8年近く、経済、安全保障、\n> _それに外交で日本の存在感を高めた意味からも、全身全霊で頑張って **こられた** と敬意を表したい_」と述べました。\n\nI am inclined to believe that こられた is working here as helping verb for 続ける and\n頑張る。\n\n 1. 報道が事実だとすれば、これまで体調が悪い中でも業務を続けてこられたのに、ここにきて辞任されるのは非常に残念だ。\n\nIf the report is a true thing + until now + physical condition が sick+while でも\njob を continue こられた(was to come?)のに、。。。\n\nIn other words: If the report is true, and until now while being sick he WAS\nTO COME to continue to work, and to here he (abe) is being made to quit, it is\nvery bad.\n\n 2. 。。。それに外交で日本の存在感を高めた意味からも、全身全霊で頑張ってこられたと敬意を表したい。。。\n\nmoreover + diplomacy で feeling of presence を enhanced meaning からも、whole heart\nand soul で persevere + WAS TO COME と respect を I want to express.\n\nIn other words: Moreover, because, by diplomacy he also enhanced the meaning\nof japanlandia, with heart and soul he WAS TO COME to persevere, I want to\nexpress my respect.\n\nAre my surmises correct in regards to こられた working as helping passive verb?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-30T19:50:24.443",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80407",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-03T01:02:57.117",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-03T01:02:57.117",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "33280",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"words",
"passive-voice",
"honorifics",
"subsidiary-verbs"
],
"title": "Is こられた (from 来られた from 来られる) here working as a passive helping?",
"view_count": 243
}
|
[
{
"body": "This こられる is the rareru-form of くる, and くる is a subsidiary verb you probably\nalready know. Here, both -てくる means something like \"up until now\".\n\n * [Difference between -ていく and -てくる](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/676/5010)\n\nWhy こられる instead of くる? Although rareru-form is usually a passive-form, it has\nmany uses, one of which is honorific.\n\n * [Meaning of お支払いを希望される方](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/23921/5010)\n * [What is the implicit subject of 無断利用されています。?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/28981/5010)\n * [「お誕生日には何をされたんですか」Why される?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/42722/5010)\n * [Is there a reason why the passive and the potential form are identical (at least for える/いる verbs)?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/60050/5010)\n\nIn conclusion, this 頑張ってこられた is an honorific version of 頑張ってきた, and it is\ninterchangeable with 頑張っていらっしゃった.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-01T03:22:36.113",
"id": "80439",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-01T03:22:36.113",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80407",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80407
| null |
80439
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80425",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm accustomed to thinking of おまえ, in modern Japanese, as a second-person\npronoun and form of address that is used by men and boys with their inferiors\nor equals. But in 『少年と犬』, by 馳星周, there's a forty-year-old female character,\n紗英{さえ}, who uses おまえ at least twice in addressing the dog of the title, whom\nshe and her husband have adopted at this point in the novel. She has given the\ndog the name クリント, and she calls him that sometimes, too, but on page 139 she\nrhetorically asks the dog\n\n> 「おまえは本当にどこから来たの？」\n\nThen on page 141, after the dog's calming presence has helped her keep her\ncool while speaking with an angry and unreasonable customer on the phone, she\nsays:\n\n> 「ありがとう。おまえがいなかったら怒鳴り返しちゃったかも。」\n\nI'm wondering whether it's common for women and girls to address dogs and\nother animals as おまえ. If so, are there other contexts in which they might be\nlikely to use おまえ? And if not, does this character's use of おまえ reflect some\nregional usage (she lives outside 富山市), or is it perhaps meant to convey\nsomething about her personality? So far, it's clear that she's a very capable,\nhardworking person who is unhappily married to a feckless and self-centered\nman, but we don't know much about her beyond that. (She hasn't had occasion to\nwear makeup in a long time and isn't stereotypically \"feminine\" in dress or\naffect, but that's more the result of her circumstances than anything else,\nand she doesn't seem particularly \"masculine\" either. Nor does she seem to be\neccentric, in her speech or in any other way.)\n\nI did look up おまえ in 大辞林, and the relevant part of the entry there (多く男性が用いる)\ndoes seem to leave plenty of room for use by women. However, it doesn't say\nanything about when such exceptions to the general rule occur, or what they\nmight mean. My efforts to find an answer here on JLSE and elsewhere on the web\nhave also proved fruitless.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-30T22:21:14.607",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80409",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-31T17:07:08.953",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33934",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"words",
"usage",
"pronouns",
"gender",
"second-person-pronouns"
],
"title": "What's the significance of this female character's use of おまえ?",
"view_count": 247
}
|
[
{
"body": "The Japanese pronoun choice is quite context-dependent, but I can confidently\npinpoint that this おまえ is \"a way to address a junior family member\". In this\nsense, it has no particularly masculine or feminine connotation, and is rather\nregarded as a conservative (or old-fashioned) usage in the present day (the\nyounger generation is less likely to use in this way).\n\nAs you may know, so-called gendered speech in Japanese is not as fixed as the\n\"grammatical gender\" but more a product of \"gender\" in sociological terms,\nthat a man or woman should talk or behave in such-and-such manners, which of\ncourse floats with times. Generally, at least in my generation, many women do\nuse おまえ in friendly circles, as it represents an unreserved and familiar\nattitude (regardless to gender on this point).",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-31T17:07:08.953",
"id": "80425",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-31T17:07:08.953",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7810",
"parent_id": "80409",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
80409
|
80425
|
80425
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "```\n\n 赤のボウル \n 赤ワイン \n 赤いセーター \n \n```\n\nWhat is the rule here? When do i use の particle, when i use nothing and when\ndo i make い adjective(if i understand it correctly) Someone explain please.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-30T23:38:35.513",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80411",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-01T03:15:33.123",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40155",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"usage",
"adjectives"
],
"title": "japanese adjectives",
"view_count": 62
}
|
[] |
80411
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80437",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Would just like to check my understanding of お前の持ってる徽章のことで交渉がしたい\n\nAm I correct that the のこと nominalizes \"お前の持ってる徽章\" and で is simply means 'with'\nfor 交渉がしたい\n\n\"With the talisman you have - I want to negotiate\"",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-31T02:11:03.037",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80414",
"last_activity_date": "2022-05-01T18:11:00.087",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-31T05:27:14.850",
"last_editor_user_id": "29512",
"owner_user_id": "29512",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Double checking my understanding of のことで",
"view_count": 205
}
|
[
{
"body": "This こと is not a nominalizer. Nominalization refers to turning a\nverb/adjective into a noun. It looks like this:\n\n * 食べる to eat\n * 食べる **こと** eating\n * 青い blue\n * 青い **こと** blueness\n\nお前の持ってる徽章 is already a noun phrase, and it doesn't have to be nominalized.\nThis ～のこと means \"things about...\" or \"matter regarding...\". Please see [What\nis the こと in sentences such as\nあなたのことが好きだ?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/2102/5010)\n\n> お前の持ってる徽章 **のことで** 交渉がしたい。 \n> I want to negotiate with you **about/regarding** the insignia you have.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-01T03:10:52.233",
"id": "80437",
"last_activity_date": "2022-05-01T18:11:00.087",
"last_edit_date": "2022-05-01T18:11:00.087",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80414",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80414
|
80437
|
80437
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80418",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm playing a game and someone said:\n\n```\n\n あらぁ！ そう言ってホントは色男のカラダ目当てなくせに～！\n \n```\n\nMy confusion comes in with `目当てなくせに`. I understand that `くせに` means `even\nthough, despite, although, etc` and I understand that `目当て` means `aim, goal,\netc` and is only a noun according to\n[Jisho](https://jisho.org/search/%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%93%E3%81%A6). **But** based\non the grammar rules for `くせに` I see that the `の` particle should be used with\nnouns, so I expect `目当てのくせに` and that doesn't seem to be the case.\n\nSo can `目当て` be used like an な-adjective or am I missing something and skewing\nthe meaning of the sentence?\n\nHow I read it in English:\n\n```\n\n Well! That's sort of the truth, although the goal is for sexy male bodies.\n \n```\n\nJust for context, 3 people are explaining a side business where they help\npeople become \"new and better versions\" of themselves.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-31T02:20:18.710",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80415",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-31T04:27:44.437",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-31T02:27:07.713",
"last_editor_user_id": "30339",
"owner_user_id": "30339",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Meaning of 目当てなくせに",
"view_count": 111
}
|
[
{
"body": "色男のカラダ目当て **の** くせに also makes perfect sense. 目当て as a suffix works both as a\nno-adjective and a na-adjetive. For example お金目当ての犯罪 and お金目当てな犯罪 refer to the\nsame thing, although the former sounds more formal. The same can be said with\nsome similar suffixes like 運動嫌い(な/の), ゴミだらけ(な/の).\n\nAnd くせに takes not only nouns but any other predicates (eg 強いくせに, 寝ていたくせに,\netc), including na-adjectives (eg 簡単なくせに).\n\nThis sentence is saying the other speaker is hiding the true objective. It's\nlike this:\n\n> そう言ってホントは色男のカラダ目当てなくせに～！ \n> You're saying so, but {I know / the truth is} you're interested in sexy\n> male bodies!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-31T04:27:44.437",
"id": "80418",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-31T04:27:44.437",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80415",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80415
|
80418
|
80418
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80419",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Source: 「[スピーチ・バルーン](http://j-lyric.net/artist/a001134/l0118e8.html)」by 大滝詠一\n\n> 想い出のブラス・バンドが \n> 耳元を過ぎる\n\nThe Brass Band of memories \nPasses by close to the ears (playing)\n\nWould that be an accurate translation of 耳元を過ぎる?\n\nよろしくお願いいたします。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-31T03:54:25.863",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80416",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-31T04:43:32.207",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-31T04:05:01.387",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "18021",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"translation",
"phrases"
],
"title": "What does 「耳元を過ぎる」 mean?",
"view_count": 60
}
|
[
{
"body": "Yes, this 過ぎる means \"to pass by\", and 耳元を過ぎる is a literary, poetic way of\nsaying \"to hear (for a short time)\", or sometimes \"(for the sound) to cease to\nbe heard\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-31T04:43:32.207",
"id": "80419",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-31T04:43:32.207",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80416",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80416
|
80419
|
80419
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80441",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "G'day guys, i'm back trying to learn a bit of japanese again. haha, i've lost\ncount how many times it is now\n\n変な質問があります。。。 多分\n\nIs there ever a time you can say it like, where there is a slight pause?\n\nE.g. 例え\n\nA: 余裕がないか。。。も知れないから\n\nMaybe, the couple are looking at buying a new car. But with the information\nthey have, it’s uncertain if they can afford it.\n\nB: その余裕がないか。。。hmmも知らないから\n\nMaybe, the couple are looking at buying a new car. But. The husband, is BAD at\nmath/numbers(俺も). So he doesn't really know.\n\nThe original example was just 余裕がないかも知れないから on it's own with no sort of\ncontext.\n\nPlease let me know if you want me to Del/or relocate this. (It's actually\npretty intimidating attempting to search through the previous questions.\nThat's just me though). Thank you for your time and patience",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-31T06:01:26.847",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80420",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-01T06:30:09.893",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40161",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"particle-も",
"particle-か"
],
"title": "かも。 か。。。も？ n5 lvl learner",
"view_count": 115
}
|
[
{
"body": "Basically かも is treated like one word, and there should be no pause between か\nand も. If you stopped talking after か for whatever reason, you should repeat\nat least かも. As long as you treat かも as one word, it's possible to continue\nthe other person's statement and say something like this.\n\n> 「高い？」 \n> 「かも知れない。」\n>\n> \"Is it expensive?\" \n> \"Maybe.\"\n\n(Of course it's technically possible to elongate か so that it connects to\nsomething after it. Imagine how you can pronounce \"maaaaay.............be\" as\none word, without sounding like \"May, Bee\". But this rarely happens in\nreality.)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-01T04:12:26.100",
"id": "80441",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-01T06:30:09.893",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-01T06:30:09.893",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80420",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
80420
|
80441
|
80441
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80442",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I just stumbled on this sentence.\n\n> 君にあそこまで言われたらいいよ\n\nFrom what I've learned 言われたら is passive. So it's \"When I'm told...\"?\n\nI'm confused whether this sentence means \"When you tell me that much, it's\nfine. \" or \"when i tell you that much is fine?\n\nDoes に here mean 君 is the one doing the 言う？ or is he doing the one the action\nis being directed to?\n\nSorry if my question sounds confusing",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-31T06:08:11.480",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80421",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-01T04:29:00.280",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33414",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "What's the function of に here in this sentence with a passive verb?",
"view_count": 70
}
|
[
{
"body": "This に is rather simply marking the action taker in a passive sentence. In\nother words, this 君に is \" **by** you\" or \" **from** you\", not \" **to** you\".\n\nBut the role of に in a passive sentence depends on the context, as shown in\nthe link by Felipe Oliveira. Usually it's not necessary to say 僕に in a passive\nsentence when the implied subject is also 僕 (\"I was told something to me\" is\nredundant also in English). However, if you want to emphasize \"to me\" for some\nreason, saying 僕に in the sense of \"to me\" is possible. Compare:\n\n> 彼女に「すごい」と言われた。 \n> I was told \"Great\" by her. / She said \"Great\" to me.\n>\n> 僕に「すごい」と言われた。 \n> She said \"Great\" to _ME_ (although she should've said it to someone else). \n> (Of course the same sentence can also mean \"Someone was told 'Great' by\n> me\".)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-01T04:29:00.280",
"id": "80442",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-01T04:29:00.280",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80421",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
80421
|
80442
|
80442
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "The context of my question is the usage of a grammar point from a JLPT 文法\ntextbook. It is not the grammar point itself that I am asking about, but\nrather the grammar used to explain the grammar point. Sorry for this\ncomplexity.\n\nThe textbook explains how to form sentences using the pattern 「〜（の）なら...」:\n\n> 普通形（ナ形 ~~だ~~ ／-である・名 ~~だ~~ ／-である）＋（の）なら \n> ナ形 ~~だ~~ 、名 ~~だ~~ の場合は「のなら」 **にはならない**\n\n(Basically, the second line is saying that if ~ is a na-adjective or a noun,\nfor instance 雨, one can have 雨なら, or 雨であるなら, or 雨であるのなら, but NOT 雨 **の** なら.)\n\n**My question is this.** How to break down the にはならない in bold font in the\nsecond line above? I think it could be one (or neither) of the following\npossibilities:\n\n 1. Is it just the negative of ...になる, with は in にはならない being there for emphasis? If so, what exactly does になる mean in this context? To become? To be?\n 2. Alternatively, does ならない here mean \"must not\"? If so, what exactly is the usage of には here?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-31T13:16:59.873",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80423",
"last_activity_date": "2022-03-06T06:26:53.290",
"last_edit_date": "2022-03-06T06:26:53.290",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "38770",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"particles",
"particle-に",
"grammar"
],
"title": "Break down ... にはならない",
"view_count": 262
}
|
[] |
80423
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80454",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Is the second て here used for the meaning of 'via'? I searched 'なんて', found it\nis usually to express emotional feelings and may not fits this sentence. But\nfor 'via', shouldn't it be 'で'? Like \"大きい声で読んでください\" and the previous '英語で', so\nprobably I'm wrong.\n\nAnd I searched for the usage of last '言うの' but only to find '言うの意味' or\nsomething. What's the final 'の' used for?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-31T13:23:34.190",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80424",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-02T02:29:15.603",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-02T02:29:15.603",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9905",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"particle-の",
"particle-って"
],
"title": "What's the function of て and の in this sentence \" これって英語でなんて言うの\"",
"view_count": 164
}
|
[
{
"body": "“ これって英語でなんて言うの”\n\nIt is colloquial. In proper (written) Japanese, the sentence could be\nexpressed like \"（あなたは）これを英語で何と言います（か）？\" (\"What would you call it in\nEnglish?\").\n\nこれ ”って”（＝を／のことを：of/about） なんて言う（の）? By putting \"の\" in the end of the sentence,\nyou would add some friendly or casual or childish atmosphere. For instance, if\nyou are talking to young children or your siblings, you may put \"の\" in the\nend. (But if it is for an adult stranger, you may sound a bit impolite or\nover‐familiar.It depends.)\n\nAm answering your question?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-01T07:09:49.003",
"id": "80446",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-01T07:09:49.003",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40170",
"parent_id": "80424",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "You're correct to assume that this なんて is **not** being is used to express\nemotion. (Actually, there are [two different なんて that can convey\nemotion](https://www.weblio.jp/content/%E3%81%AA%E3%82%93%E3%81%A6); one\nexpresses derision or dismissiveness, while the other expresses surprise or\nadmiration.)\n\nIn your example, 英語でなんて言うの is just an informal way of saying 英語で何{なん}と言うのですか.\nIn informal speech, the quotative particle と often becomes って. After words\nthat end with ん, it instead becomes て, as explained in\n[大辞林](https://www.weblio.jp/content/%E3%81%AA%E3%82%93%E3%81%A6):\n\n> て 〔 助詞「って」が撥音「ん」で終わる語に付く場合に用いられる〕 一 （ 格助 ） 「って」（格助）に同じ。 「これはなん－いうのだろう」\n> 「ぼくは知らん－答えておいた」\n\nIf you try to pronounce なんって, it should be clear why this change occurs.\n\nFor the sentence-final の, see @KHS's answer to your question, and also, as\nbroccoli face - mask cloth suggested in a comment, the answers to [this\nearlier question](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/13161/meaning-\nof-trailing-%E3%81%AE-in-a-question).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-01T17:33:57.543",
"id": "80454",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-01T19:41:48.513",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-01T19:41:48.513",
"last_editor_user_id": "33934",
"owner_user_id": "33934",
"parent_id": "80424",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
80424
|
80454
|
80454
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80431",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "So I started playing Steins;Gate in Japanese the other day. And in one of the\nTips about a character from the 雷ネット翔 , キラリちゃん is described as\n\n> 頭が良くて、スポーツ万能。しかもカワイくて性格も〇\n\n(But inside of 〇 is another circle...)\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/1Npsd.jpg)\n\nI don't know how to pronounce it and what it means...",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-31T17:21:30.530",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80426",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-01T09:49:51.037",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-01T09:49:51.037",
"last_editor_user_id": "7810",
"owner_user_id": "33283",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 9,
"tags": [
"symbols",
"video-games"
],
"title": "Circle inside a circle character. What is it?",
"view_count": 1082
}
|
[
{
"body": "After doing some investigation, it seems that there are two Unicode characters\nwhich are made of a circle inside another circle:\n\n * ◎ U+25CE BULLSEYE\n * ⭗ U+2B57 HEAVY CIRCLE WITH CIRCLE INSIDE\n\nIn this Japanese context, only the first one ◎ appears to be appropriate\n([Wiktionary](https://ja.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E2%97%8E)), since it is known as\n二重丸【にじゅうまる】 and is defined as 「とても良いことを示す記号。」, which suggests that it is\nindeed a stronger (double) variation of the more commonly used symbol ○\n丸【まる】「良いことを示す記号。」([Wiktionary](https://ja.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E2%97%8B)).\n\nSo, 性格も◎ can probably be understood as something like \" _very good_ character\ntoo\"...",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-31T20:04:56.697",
"id": "80431",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-31T22:15:16.813",
"last_edit_date": "2020-08-31T22:15:16.813",
"last_editor_user_id": "40166",
"owner_user_id": "40166",
"parent_id": "80426",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
}
] |
80426
|
80431
|
80431
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80436",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Could you please give me some example sentences with とっさに? According to my\ndictionary, it means \"quickly\", but my dictionary doesn't give me any example\nsentence, so I don't know exactly how to use this word.\n\nWhen do I use とっさに instead of other expressions like 速く、急に、急速に or さっと?\n\nThank you so much in advance for your help!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-31T17:39:03.430",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80427",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-01T09:26:22.550",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29677",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words"
],
"title": "Meaning and use of とっさに",
"view_count": 150
}
|
[
{
"body": "とっさに is semantically more like \"without thinking\", \"instinctively\",\n\"instantly\" or \"reflexively\". It's commonly used with an action to protect\nsomeone (physically or socially). Examples:\n\n * 前方に人影が見えたのでとっさにブレーキを踏んだ。\n * 叱られると思い、とっさに嘘をついてしまった。\n * 彼の顔は知っているが、名前はとっさには思い出せなかった。\n\nIt's almost never interchangeable with 急に.\n\nとっさの means \"happened in a very short time\" and its connotation is \"no time to\nthink\".\n\n * とっさの出来事だったのでうまく対応できなかった。\n * とっさの判断だったが、結果的にはうまく行った。",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-01T02:58:52.000",
"id": "80436",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-01T09:26:22.550",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-01T09:26:22.550",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80427",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
80427
|
80436
|
80436
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "* 中国人で日本語が話せる方\n\nI think it's traduction would be:\n\n * Chinese people who can speak Japanese\n\nBut I have searched for references of this で usage yet I haven't find\nanything.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-31T18:51:54.600",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80429",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-31T19:42:31.243",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "39688",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"particle-で"
],
"title": "What does で means in this sentence?",
"view_count": 151
}
|
[
{
"body": "Rather than a particle, this で is the [te-\nform](https://www.imabi.net/theparticlete.htm) of だ.\n\nSo the meaning of the relative clause attached to 方 is: “is a Chinese person\n**and** can speak Japanese”.\n\nYou can compare it to the で you put after na-adjectives (example also from\nimabi):\n\n> 6. 東京は賑やか **で** 面白い。 \n> Tōkyō wa nigiyaka de omoshiroi. \n> Tokyo is lively and interesting.\n>\n\nNouns and na-adjectives are not so different, after all.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-31T19:42:31.243",
"id": "80430",
"last_activity_date": "2020-08-31T19:42:31.243",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "16052",
"parent_id": "80429",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
80429
| null |
80430
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I know より is used to make comparisons, but it seems like that wouldn't be the\ncorrect choice, in this scenario. I'm not sure if I would use it to say\n\"People (like/similar to) you are ____\".\n\nI know the difference between saying \"人は魚が好きだ\" and \"魚が好きな人\", and I want to\nspecify people who behave like whoever is being referred to, rather than all\npeople in general. For example, saying something like: \"People like you, who\nst\n\nWhen I say like/similar to, I'm referring to behavior/personality. So I'm not\nsure if I'd have to word it like \"You behave/have a similar personality to a\ncertain type of person\"\n\nIf I try to say: \"You are like people who behaves poorly\", I think it might be\nsomething like:\n\n(あなた/name) +と+ 振る舞いが悪い人みたいだ。\n\nI'm still trying to learn, so I'm probably way off.\n\nWould saying something like \"People (thieves) like you are the worst\", be as\nsimple as saying is as \"You and thieves are the worst\" instead.\n\nperson ＋と＋ 泥棒は最悪です\n\nIs there anyone who could give me a few examples, or link me to a guide that\nmight clear this up?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-08-31T23:14:18.300",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80433",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-01T06:41:01.707",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40167",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"sentence-final-particles"
],
"title": "How do you say: \"People like you are ____\" in Japanese?",
"view_count": 444
}
|
[
{
"body": "Please forget より for now. より for \"comparison\" is used in the context of `more\n～ than ～`, as in \"He is taller than me\" or \"It's more expensive\". To say \"like\n～\" or \"similar to ～\", you have to use a completely different construction. You\ncan use:\n\n * [ような](http://maggiesensei.com/2012/04/03/request-lesson-%E3%82%88%E3%81%86you/)\n * [みたいな](http://maggiesensei.com/2015/11/11/how-to-use-%E3%81%BF%E3%81%9F%E3%81%84-mitai/)\n\nExamples:\n\n * 君のような人は嫌いです。 \n君みたいな人は嫌いです。 \nI don't like someone like you.\n\n * 君は悪い人のようだ。 \n君は悪い人みたいだ。 \nYou're like a villain.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-01T06:41:01.707",
"id": "80445",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-01T06:41:01.707",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80433",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80433
| null |
80445
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "How would you say: \"I want a girl to sit on my face\" in Japanese?\n\nWould it be something like this: \"俺の顔の上に女の子を座りたいだ\"?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-01T02:26:07.843",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80435",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-01T04:59:09.733",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-01T04:59:09.733",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "40167",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"transitivity",
"causation"
],
"title": "How do you say this? (Warning NSFW)",
"view_count": 1818
}
|
[
{
"body": "Your sentence has two mistakes.\n\n * In Japanese, i-adjectives (and i-adjective-like auxiliaries たい/ない) don't need a copula (だ). You should end this sentence with たい alone, without だ. See [this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/35951/5010).\n * 座りたい means \"[I] want to sit\" because 座る is always intransitive in Japanese. Using を doesn't automatically make it transitive. Instead of plain 座る, you have to use its [causative form](https://www.tofugu.com/japanese-grammar/verb-causative-form-saseru/), 座らせる.\n\nThe corrected version is:\n\n> 俺の顔の上に女の子を座らせたい。",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-01T04:43:59.457",
"id": "80443",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-01T04:54:36.863",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-01T04:54:36.863",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80435",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
80435
| null |
80443
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I am doing a presentation for my Japanese class, and I want to say: by (insert\nname) For example: Introduction to Japan By Emma",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-01T07:40:18.770",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80447",
"last_activity_date": "2022-12-24T16:57:51.933",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"english-to-japanese"
],
"title": "Hi everyone, I was wondering how you say by____ in Japanese?",
"view_count": 254
}
|
[
{
"body": "I guess we don't write this \"by\" in Japanese.\n\nYou can put \"Erica 著\" if it were a book, or \"Erica 作\" if it were a piece of\nart, but I've never seen Japanese people put any Japanese word meaning \"by\" in\npresentation slides. Keeping it in English like \"日本の紹介 by Tanaka Hanako\"\nsounds fine to me.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2022-03-25T14:06:43.807",
"id": "93842",
"last_activity_date": "2022-03-25T14:38:35.450",
"last_edit_date": "2022-03-25T14:38:35.450",
"last_editor_user_id": "3097",
"owner_user_id": "50916",
"parent_id": "80447",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "I’m gonna add an answer to this. If you use an iPhone and have Apple Music,\nyou’ll see that at the end of lyrics there is a line:\n\n> 作成: XXX(such as 作成: 清水依与吏)\n\nWhich denotes the producer of the music. That’s probably the most native way\nto translate “by XXX”\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Lbz9g.jpg)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2022-12-24T16:57:51.933",
"id": "97775",
"last_activity_date": "2022-12-24T16:57:51.933",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "39855",
"parent_id": "80447",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
80447
| null |
93842
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80451",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> Oh! KAREN 浜辺の濡れた砂の上で \n> 抱きあう幻を笑え\n\nIt's from a song 「恋するカレン」by 大滝詠一. Lyrics\n[here](http://j-lyric.net/artist/a001134/l0118f0.html).\n\nBased on my understanding, here's my translation: \n_Oh! KAREN I laugh at my dream of embracing you in my arms on wet sand on the\nbeach_\n\nWould \"laugh at\" something be the appropriate or close enough meaning for\nNounを笑え. I say \"laugh at\" because searching for「〜を笑え」showed up this sentence\nin the search results (as title of one of the youtube videos)\n\n> Laugh at life～人生を笑え～\n\nVideo with that title [here](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uoCj5gNquL8).\n\n宜しくおねがいします",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-01T14:35:34.323",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80450",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-01T15:44:26.700",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18021",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"usage",
"phrases",
"song-lyrics"
],
"title": "What does 「Nounを笑え」 phrase mean in this sentence?",
"view_count": 106
}
|
[
{
"body": "笑え is the _imperative_ form of 笑う, so literally, it's not \"I laugh at my\ndream\" but \"Laugh at this dream I had (until now)!\". It doesn't make much\nsense for him to tell Karen to laugh at himself in this context, so I think\nhe's saying this to no one in particular (or, to the listeners of this song).\nHe's describing how silly and laughable his 幻 was.\n\nAlso note that ～ **を** 笑う is somewhat special. 笑う is usually an intransitive\nverb (～ **に** 笑う / ～ **で** 笑う). The transitive usage of 笑う (～ **を** 笑う) has a\nscornful/derogatory overtone. You may want to pick a more negative word to\ntranslate this ～を笑え.\n\n * [Why isn't 笑う usually used with に particle?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/59047/5010)\n\n> When used as a transitive verb, 笑う means \"laugh at~~\" in the sense of\n> \"ridicule\" \"deride\" \"sneer at~~\" \"make fun of~~\".\n\n * [\"The eye (crust ?) laughs at the booger\"?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/36517/5010)\n\nBy the way, 抱き **合う** is \"to embrace _each other_ \".",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-01T15:24:24.523",
"id": "80451",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-01T15:44:26.700",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-01T15:44:26.700",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80450",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80450
|
80451
|
80451
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In Genki I, になります and になりました are used interchangeably. Does になります imply \"has\nbecome\" and the other imply \"had become\"? For example,\n\n 1. 夏は暑くなります。 → （This） summer has become hot\n 2. 去年の夏は暑くなりました。→ Last summer had become hot\n\nAlso, is it natural to use になっている for \"is becoming\"?\n\nEdit: This grammar is very short section in chapter 10 (section 5)",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-01T16:21:36.997",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80452",
"last_activity_date": "2021-01-30T23:07:00.723",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-01T16:31:23.060",
"last_editor_user_id": "14116",
"owner_user_id": "14116",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Difference between Nになります and Nになりました",
"view_count": 183
}
|
[
{
"body": "暑くなります refers to a general fact (if you are talking about what the summer in a\ncertain country is like), or something in the future (if you are talking about\none specific upcoming summer).\n\n暑くなりました refers to something in the past. That said, なりました (\"became\") refers to\na state **change** in the past, so you can say 暑くなりました in the middle of the\nsummer while it's still hot. On the other hand, you cannot say 今年の夏は暑かった in\nthe middle of the summer because this past tense implies it is no longer hot\nnow.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-02T22:09:37.853",
"id": "80465",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-02T22:09:37.853",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80452",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
80452
| null |
80465
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80457",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have read that verbs in Japanese are a closed class. That is to say: not\ncounting inflections, there is some relatively fixed number of \"true verbs\" in\nthe language. By \"true verbs\" I am excluding compound verbs formed with\n[noun]+する, or really [noun]+[verb] of any type. If this is the case, surely\nthere is some estimate of roughly how many such verbs exist? I believe that\n_i_ -adjectives are also a closed class, and I'd be curious about their number\nas well.",
"comment_count": 10,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-01T17:14:12.670",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80453",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-04T02:45:10.393",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36520",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"words",
"verbs",
"i-adjectives"
],
"title": "How many true verbs and i-adjectives are there in Japanese?",
"view_count": 1200
}
|
[
{
"body": "Coining new godan verbs (u-verbs) is far from exceptional in modern Japanese,\nand we have many related questions on this site.\n\n * [What are the principles behind turning foreign language words into verbs?(e.g. ググる and サボる)](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/24351/5010)\n * [Characteristics of 'loan word root + る' verbs](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/66495/5010)\n * [Can you form verbs from 擬態語 or 擬音語 by adding -る?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/40638/5010)\n * [Meaning and validity of 雪ってる](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/29856/5010)\n * [What does ゴリってる mean?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/33426/5010)\n * [Pronunciation Troubles with トラブル and トラブる: Loanwords with both noun and verb ending in ru mora](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/62780/5010)\n\nI listed some well-known ones in the comment section, but just to support\nthis, here are some **rare** u-verbs I happen to know personally:\n\n * **ジャムる** : \"to be jammed\" (gun, military jargon)\n * **バベる** : \"to transpile JavaScript source files using [Babel](https://babeljs.io/)\" (programmer's jargon)\n * **ばみる** : \"to use plastic tape to mark the positions of actors on stage\" (actor's jargon)\n * **メタる** : \"to defeat an opponent with the aid of [metagame](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metagaming)\" (card gamer's jargon)\n * **アポる** : \"to develop a brain infarction\" (medical argot)\n * **サチる** : \"to saturate; to reach the limit\" (data scientist's jargon)\n * **マミる** : \"to be decapitated\" (anime fan's jargon)\n * **タヒる** : \"to die\" (from the bottom part of 死)\n * **へごる** : \"to say something funny unintentionally\" ([Ayaka Ohashi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayaka_%C5%8Chashi)'s fan's jargon)\n * **ジュレる** : \"to be half-frozen\" (leaves, gardening jargon)\n\nOkay, these are used only in small communities, and I think less than 10% of\nnative Japanese speakers know them. But I believe words like these are coined\nalmost every day somewhere in Japan, and this is exactly why u-verbs are\nproductive in Japanese.\n\nOn the other hand, the number of Japanese 助動詞 is relatively small and you can\nsee the [full\nlist](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%A9%E5%8B%95%E8%A9%9E_\\(%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95\\))\nin Japanese Wikipedia.\n\n* * *\n\nAnyway, if you want a rough estimation, according to [this\npage](http://8723-1k.blogspot.com/2009/10/blog-post.html), the number of\nJapanese verbs listed in a certain dictionary is 10,265 (but this should\ninclude lexicalized compound verbs like 取り戻す). 国研日本語語彙DB recognizes 236\ni-adjectives, but according to [this\npage](https://oshiete.goo.ne.jp/qa/45556.html), the number of Japanese\ni-adjectives recognized by ATOK9 is much larger (1,302). 『品詞別日本文法講座4 形容詞・形容動詞』\nby Suzuki et al lists 1,343 i-adjectives (and archaic precursors).\n\n* * *\n\n**EDIT:** I should've mentioned this... **Ichidan** (ru-) verbs are\n\"relatively closed\". According to [this\npage](http://jgrammar.life.coocan.jp/ja/colum011.htm), there are only **40**\nichidan verbs that end with -iru (excluding compound verbs and archaic verbs).",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-02T05:05:29.290",
"id": "80457",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-04T02:45:10.393",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-04T02:45:10.393",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80453",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
80453
|
80457
|
80457
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80466",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "\"I hate to break it to you, but...\" or \"Sorry, but...\" For example: \"Sorry,\nbut I don't like cake\" or \"I hate to break it to you, but I didn't like your\nperformance\". What popped into my head was to say \"ごめんけど\", but I've never\nheard anyone say that and thus I'm sure it's 100% wrong. I'm curious as to how\nto say something like this, even if I'll never use it, but I haven't been able\nto find anything substantial online yet. An example sentence would be helpful\ntoo.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-01T23:53:37.063",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80455",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-02T22:19:16.243",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-02T02:25:52.767",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "40179",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"phrase-requests"
],
"title": "How would say something like \"I hate to break it to you, but...\" in Japanese?",
"view_count": 252
}
|
[
{
"body": "You can say:\n\n * 悪いけど / 悪いですが\n * 申し訳ないけど / 申し訳ありませんが\n * 残念だけど / 残念ではありますが\n * 言いたくないけど / 申し上げづらいのですが\n\nごめんけど is ungrammatical because けど needs the dictionary form of a\nverb/adjective/copula. But you can say \"ごめん、けど、…\" as if were two sentences.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-02T22:19:16.243",
"id": "80466",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-02T22:19:16.243",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80455",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80455
|
80466
|
80466
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80458",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "For context I have added an excerpt below.\n\nA summary of the context is that the protagonist was called out for being a\n'stalker', and he 'proves' his innocence by showing her videos that show it\nwas just coincidence (he is a hacker so he was able to obtain access to these\nvideos from the security cameras, and she did question where he got them\nfrom).\n\nSo on to how to understand the final sentence. ゲロる seems to be a verb used (in\nthis context) similarly to confess/letting the cat out the bag.\n\nSo is the final sentence saying something like: \"With a smug face I called out\nthis guy for stalking me, but all he did was confess his 'ぼっちルーチン'.\n\nIs this the correct understanding for the below?\n\n> 「な？ どう見てもコイツ、目の前の飯とスマホにしか興味ないだろ」 \n> 「たしかに……こんな退屈そうな食事風景、初めて見た」 \n> 「あんたも人のこと言えないと思うんだけど」 \n> 「うっさい！ ぼっち言うな！」 \n>\n> １週間前に中庭で食べたときの映像には、隅っこにさりげなく少女の姿が映り込んでいた。ベンチのはす向かい同士で、俺と彼女はまったく同じ姿勢で黙々とパンを食べていた。 \n> 「毎回必ず先客がいるなーって思ってたけど…… そうか。全部、あんただったのか」 \n> 「ぐ……」 \n> 「ん、待てよ。それってつまり、あんたの行く先に俺がいたんじゃなくて――」 \n> 「ま、待って。それ以上は――」 \n> 「あんたが昼休みに毎回ぼっちスポットにいるだけなんじゃ……」 \n> 「やけに一人になれる場所が少ないと思ったら、まさか同志がいたとは。そりゃ領土も限られるよなぁ」 \n> 「うう、同類を見る目はやめろー！」 \n> 「サイアク……恥ずすぎる。ドヤ顔でストーカー捕まえたら、ぼっちルーチンを **ゲロった** だけでしたー、って……」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-02T01:06:52.687",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80456",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-02T07:30:21.747",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-02T02:25:10.047",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "39502",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"slang"
],
"title": "Meaning of ゲロった in ぼっちルーチンをゲロっただけでした",
"view_count": 119
}
|
[
{
"body": "ゲロる is a slang word meaning \"to confess/reveal/say (against one's will / after\nbeing persuaded, investigated or tortured)\". The connotation in parentheses is\nimportant because this is not used to describe a voluntary confession like\nsomething one may do at church.\n\nBy the way, doesn't the last sentence mean \"All **I** did was confess **my**\nぼっちルーチン\"? It appears to me that she is embarrassed not because she called the\nwrong person a stalker but because she had to admit her ぼっち-ness.\n\nSource:\n\n * <https://jisho.org/word/%E3%82%B2%E3%83%AD%E3%82%8B>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-02T06:47:58.497",
"id": "80458",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-02T07:30:21.747",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-02T07:30:21.747",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80456",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80456
|
80458
|
80458
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80460",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 涙を浮かべる\n\nI'm aware it means something like 'drop a tear', but I wonder what part of\n浮かべる means 'to drop'. And also, is there any difference between that\nexpression and:\n\n> 泣く\n\nMy guess it would be that the former means dropping only one tear (I suppose\nit's like a poetic way of saying \"cry\", and the later means crying in a more\nintense way.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-02T12:05:54.930",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80459",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-02T13:06:29.980",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "35730",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"words"
],
"title": "meaning of 浮かべる in this context",
"view_count": 46
}
|
[
{
"body": "涙を浮かべる means\n\n> to **tear up** or **well up with tears**\n\nso it doesn't have anything to do with dropping. Once you know it is \"well up\"\nyou can see how the use of 浮かべる isn't so strange.\n\nYou may also notice that transitive verbs in Japanese can become intransitive\nverbs in English and vice versa.\n\nThis exact phrase also has an entry in\n[jisho.org](https://jisho.org/search/%E6%B6%99%E3%82%92%E6%B5%AE%E3%81%8B%E3%81%B9%E3%82%8B)\n.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-02T13:06:29.980",
"id": "80460",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-02T13:06:29.980",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1761",
"parent_id": "80459",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80459
|
80460
|
80460
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "This comes from a previous [previous\nquestion](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/2503/%E3%81%9D%E3%81%AE%E4%B8%AD-%E3%81%AB-%E3%81%A7-%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89-what-\nis-the-correct-choice-of-particles/2520#2520) with what I find to be a\nconfusing explanation.\n\nGenerally, の中で is presented in all of the English language resources I could\nfind to be an atomic thing that lets one express the idea \"from within these.\n\"\n\nFor example (pulled from Bunpro):\n\n> この中で一つを選んでください。\n\n> グループの中で色々な意見がありました。\n\nWhen not presented after a demonstritive pronoun で can suffice.\n\n> グループで色々な意見がありました。\n\nの中で can also just mean \"within\" like で on its own:\n\n> 公園の中で子供達が遊んでいた。\n\nFrom the link to the previous Stack Exchange question, it seems that the first\nusage of の中で can be replaced by の中から:\n\n> この中から一つを選んでください。\n\n> グループの中から色々な意見がありました。\n\nHowever, the answers seemed to both indicate that this is ungrammatical:\n\n> 私はその中で好きな家を借りました\n\nSince で should be から because the verb is 借る. Why is this? What makes 借る\ndifferent here?",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-02T14:01:05.423",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80461",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-02T20:01:27.257",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-02T20:01:27.257",
"last_editor_user_id": "38831",
"owner_user_id": "38831",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"particle-で",
"particle-から"
],
"title": "The difference between の中で vs の中から",
"view_count": 178
}
|
[] |
80461
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80467",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I found the expression in the following phrase:\n\n> なんでも猟師が発見した石は、蝦夷の言うところによると、こんじんさまの **怒りの気** なのだとか。 それを掘り返すなど、望んで祟りを招くに等しいと.\n\nI googled it and although I didn't find a dictionary entry there were many\nresults.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-02T21:09:25.203",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80463",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-02T22:40:22.093",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "39007",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"words"
],
"title": "Meaning of 怒りの気",
"view_count": 145
}
|
[
{
"body": "気【き】 (\"[qi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qi)\") means something like \"energy\",\n\"force\" or \"aura\". 怒りの気 usually refers to that dark aura emitted from a mad\nperson.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/RhwDhm.png)\n\nSee: [Possible meanings for\n\"気を巡らせる\"](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/73789/5010)\n\nOf course a stone is not aura itself, so we don't usually say 石は怒りの気だ.\nInstead, we say 石には怒りの気が宿っている or 石には怒りの気が込められている. I don't know why this person\nsaid 石は怒りの気だ. Maybe the author made a mistake, or maybe it's highly\n\"condensed\" aura that looks almost like a stone?",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-02T22:40:22.093",
"id": "80467",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-02T22:40:22.093",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80463",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
80463
|
80467
|
80467
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Do they both mean \"is it not/isn't it\"?\n\ne.g. Do この車は新しく **ないんですか** and この車は新しい **んじゃないですか** both mean ”Isn’t this car\nnew?”？",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-02T21:35:01.437",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80464",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-03T03:32:21.200",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-02T22:31:32.870",
"last_editor_user_id": "39993",
"owner_user_id": "39993",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"negation",
"particle-か"
],
"title": "What is the difference between ないんですか and んじゃないですか?",
"view_count": 455
}
|
[
{
"body": "Both can be a negative rhetorical question, but are used in different\nsituations.\n\nこの車は新しくないんですか is \"Isn't this car new?\" It sounds like they are talking about\nthe age of one specific car. More literally, \"As for this car, isn't it new?\"\n\nこの車は新しいんじゃないですか is \"Isn't this one a new car?\" It sounds like they are finding\na new car among many cars. More literally, \" _This_ car is new, isn't that\nright?\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-03T03:32:21.200",
"id": "80470",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-03T03:32:21.200",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80464",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80464
| null |
80470
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80469",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "This is from Death Note-One Shot Especial, Ryuk says this sentence\n\n> そういうのが得意って奴のが向いてるかも。\n\nwhat is the function of the の in 奴のが?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-02T22:58:55.883",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80468",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-03T00:54:52.543",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-02T23:07:40.280",
"last_editor_user_id": "40188",
"owner_user_id": "40188",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"particle-の",
"particle-が",
"manga"
],
"title": "Meaning of 奴のが?",
"view_count": 158
}
|
[
{
"body": "> そういうのが得意って奴 **のが** 向いてるかも。\n\nmeans\n\n> そういうのが得意って奴 **の[方]{ほう}が** 向いてるかも。\n\nXXのが～ is a colloquial, a bit slangy way of saying XXの[方]{ほう}が～. I think it's a\npretty new usage.\n\nExamples:\n\n> 「結婚するなら、カッコいい人より優しい人 **のが** いいかな。」 \n> 「マイナンバーカードって、持ってない人 **のが** 多いと思う。」",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-03T00:45:19.660",
"id": "80469",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-03T00:54:52.543",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-03T00:54:52.543",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "80468",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80468
|
80469
|
80469
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80472",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The potential form of the godan verb [言]{い}う is [言]{い}える. I searched [言]{い}える\nin an online dictionary today, but it listed [言]{い}える, the potential form, as\nan ichidan verb.\n\nIt even gave a conjugation table for [言]{い}える - and lists [言]{い}えられる as the\npotential form of [言]{い}える.\n\nI'm puzzled by this - if [言]{い}える is a potential form conjugation, why is it\nalso listed as an ichidan verb? And would [言]{い}えられる be the _potential\npotential_ form of [言]{い}う, and would it literally mean something like \"to be\nable to be able to say\"?",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-03T04:00:53.063",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80471",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-03T04:33:03.567",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "39722",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"potential-form",
"godan-verbs",
"ichidan-verbs"
],
"title": "Potential form of 言う - 言える - an ichidan verb?",
"view_count": 201
}
|
[
{
"body": "I imagine that one reason for it having its own entry is because it is not\nmerely the potential form of 言う, but it has an additional definition in\nmonolingual dictionaries.\n\n> （しばしば「言える、言える」「言えてる」の形で）そのとおりである、と納得できたときにいう語。 \n> (Often in the form of 言える、言える or 言えてる) an expression used when agreeing\n> with what someone said\n\nOf course, this is not super far from the original meaning of the pure\npotential form of 言う, but it's in the dictionary since it's an expansion of\nthat original meaning. It also lists the fairly limited range of forms that it\noften takes in this meaning.\n\nI'm not sure exactly how Japanese-English online dictionaries typically get\nmade, but presumably the categorization and conjugation tables are just\nautomatically generated for any entry.\n\nIn the case of 言える, it's fair to say it's an ichidan verb in the sense that\nyou would conjugate it as ichidan verb as needed, as seen in the example of\n言えてる given. The て form wouldn't be 言えって or something like that, as though it\nwere a godan verb.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-03T04:19:39.007",
"id": "80472",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-03T04:33:03.567",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-03T04:33:03.567",
"last_editor_user_id": "20479",
"owner_user_id": "20479",
"parent_id": "80471",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80471
|
80472
|
80472
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80489",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I encountered the phrase in a slice-of-life manga:\n\n```\n\n 無理に聞いても 言わせてもね\n \n```\n\nThe first half I can understand, roughly \"even if you force them to say it\",\nbut the second part 言わせてもね does not make sense to me and dictionary (like\nJisho) did not help. Contextually it would mean, I guess, that \"even if you\n(try to) force them to say it, they won't say it anyway\". Is this right?\n\nThis is the snapshot: [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/SbqmT.jpg)\n\nThe context is basically that Koizumi telling a complicated story about her\nfamily to Shino, who has a complicated family issues of her own (and Shino\nthought she managed to move a bit towards resolving it).",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-03T08:06:05.800",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80473",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-04T03:49:32.287",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-03T20:29:15.463",
"last_editor_user_id": "26607",
"owner_user_id": "26607",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"phrases",
"manga"
],
"title": "Meaning of 無理に聞いても 言わせてもね",
"view_count": 136
}
|
[
{
"body": "In this context, the second phrase is just a loose self-restatement.\n\n> まあ 無理に聞いても 言わせてもね \n> lit. \"Well, even if (I) ask (her) forcefully... even if (I) make (her) say\n> (forcefully), don't I\" \n> _Well, no use extracting it... forcing her to say it..._\n\nEnding a sentence with Vても usually implies \"V doesn't help\" or \"V makes no\ngood\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-04T03:43:12.730",
"id": "80489",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-04T03:49:32.287",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-04T03:49:32.287",
"last_editor_user_id": "7810",
"owner_user_id": "7810",
"parent_id": "80473",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
80473
|
80489
|
80489
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80476",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "One assignment for my Japanese class is this Japanese elementary reader, which\ncontains the story of Kenta and his dog, Koro. They are playing catch with a\nball, and the previous sentence I translated as:\n\n> In the field, whenever Kenta throws the ball, Koro happily runs and catches\n> it.\n\nNow, the sentence in question is the next one:\n\n> 何回目かにボールを投げたときのことです。\n\nI get the basic idea on how to break this down:\n\n * 何回目か is the amount of times in a sequential order, made as a question clause with か; this entire clause is targeted by the verb [clause] with に.\n\n * ボールを投げた時のことです is \"when the ball is thrown [general event].\" The last part makes the \"when\" clause a relative clause able to be ended with a state-of-being (です). the former portion is just a clause using when with とき.\n\nHowever, the use of 何回目かに confuses me, as I have not a clue how to relate it\nto the second part of the sentence. How should I understand its usage? Why is\nthe 目 relevant to add? How should I comprehend the sentence as a whole, since\n何回目か is the target, and an important part of the sentence?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-03T13:13:15.847",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80475",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-03T13:55:30.543",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34965",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"translation",
"word-usage"
],
"title": "How should I understand 何回目か in this sentence?",
"view_count": 213
}
|
[
{
"body": "何回 = how many times\n\nAs usual, adding か makes us a noun with some uncertainty:\n\n何回か = several times\n\nThen we add 目 (I don't know why it comes before か) to get an ordinal\nexpression:\n\n何回目か = the several-th time = the umpteenth time.\n\nAltogether we have:\n\n> **何回目か** にボールを投げたときのことです。 \n> It was when he had thrown the ball for the umpteenth time. ...\n\nI'm guessing that in the next line Koro doesn't fetch the ball for some\nreason.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-03T13:55:30.543",
"id": "80476",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-03T13:55:30.543",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7944",
"parent_id": "80475",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
80475
|
80476
|
80476
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "So recently I've met a Japanese person whilst playing League and we started to\ntalk a bit over the group voice chat. Although my Japanese is still at a very\nbasic level we understood each other pretty well. Anyway, because I was\ntalking to a friend on Discord at the same time in another language he was\nunderstandably confused, so I tried to clear things up by saying\n\"日本語を話してないときはDiscordでともだちと話している\" (Whenever I'm not talking Japanese, I'm\nspeaking to a friend on Discord). He seemed to understand what I meant to say\nso I left it at that. A few days later though I finally started learning about\n\"たら\", \"なら\" and \"ば\", and I remembered my conversation with the Japanese guy.\nWould using \"たら\" instead of \"とき\" have been the better choice?.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-03T15:33:03.333",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80478",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-04T01:13:54.903",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "37158",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"usage"
],
"title": "Would using \"たら\" make sense in this type of sentence?",
"view_count": 86
}
|
[
{
"body": "「日本語を話してないときはDiscordでともだちと話している」 is already a fairly good sentence. (Perhaps\nyou could've said **別の** フレンドと, but this is not a big mistake.) You don't need\nto use たら/なら/ば. Your English version doesn't have \"if\", after all.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-04T01:13:54.903",
"id": "80483",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-04T01:13:54.903",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80478",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80478
| null |
80483
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I just noticed a sort of black hole in my knowledge of Japanese. Obviously\nwhen you're using titles, such as with \"Dr. Suzuki\", you put the name and then\nthe title, without any punctuation or particles: _鈴木先生_.\n\nHowever what if it's not just a simple title? What if it's not even\nnecessarily a person? What if it is an arbitrary phrase leading up to a name\nthat may or may not involve a person or people?\n\nA few quick examples include:\n\n 1. Step A [Think of a list of steps which must be executed in order, as in Steps A, B, C, and D.]\n 2. Step 1 [My guess is this may be _ステップ第一_ , but I'm not 100% sure, and I suspect the grammar is actually different from the first example.\n 3. our friend Nozomi\n 4. the snowiest city in the world, Aomori\n\nSome guesses here would be:\n\n 1. ステップ「A」\n 2. ステップ第一\n 3. 友達の望み\n 4. 世界の一番雪の都市の青森\n\nIn general, I would think it uses the same grammar in most situations, as in\nthe third and fourth examples above, but that it may be different in certain\nspecific scenarios.\n\nHow do you say and punctuate these things?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-03T16:37:54.130",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80479",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-04T01:34:41.803",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1771",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What is the grammar for saying things like \"Step A\", \"our friend Nozomi\", or \"the snowiest city in the world, Aomori\"?",
"view_count": 139
}
|
[
{
"body": "The construction like \"our friend Nozomi\" is called\n[apposition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apposition), or 同格 in Japanese.\n\nIn Japanese, there are several ways to achieve this:\n\n * **の** : suitable in short phrases \n * 友達の希美 \nmy friend Nozomi (希美の友達 means \"Nozomi's friend\")\n\n * トナカイのルドルフ \nRudolph the reindeer\n\n * **である** : suitable with long description \n * 日本からアメリカに留学中の私の友人である希美 \nNozomi, my friend from Japan who is studying in the United States\n\n * 世界で一番面積が大きな国であるロシア連邦 \nthe Russian Federation, the largest country in the world by area\n\n * **(nothing)** : suitable for nicknames and catchphrases \n * 獅子心王リチャード \nRichard the Lionheart\n\n * 水の都ヴェネツィア \nVenice, the city of water\n\n * **comma/colon/space** : suitable for ads, titles and catchphrases \n * 水の都：ヴェネツィア \nVenice: The City of Water\n\n * 青森、世界で一番雪深い国 \nAomori—The Snowiest City in the World\n\n* * *\n\n\"Step A\" is a different problem (\"A is Step\" is not true). We just say ステップA,\n3番目のステップ, 第5ステップ, etc.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-04T01:34:41.803",
"id": "80484",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-04T01:34:41.803",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80479",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
80479
| null |
80484
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "What is the difference in actual meaning/usage?\n\nThe example is from <https://hanasu-eigo.com/2017/01/11/325/>\n\n> “I’m excited!” というのは、「すごく楽しみなことがあってワクワクしている」というような時に使います\n>\n> and then had an example below:\n>\n> “I’m going to Japan for the first time. I’m so excited!“\n>\n> 初めて日本に行くの。すっごいワクワクする！\n\nI've read and listened to enough that I would know if someone was excited\nabout something, but if I used the words themselves, I imagine I would end up\nusing ワクワクしている more often than natives would (where they would simply use\nワクワクする).",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-03T18:20:32.157",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80480",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-04T04:02:51.870",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-04T04:02:51.870",
"last_editor_user_id": "7810",
"owner_user_id": "39502",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "ワクワクする vs ワクワクしている",
"view_count": 191
}
|
[] |
80480
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> A「俺達の戦はもう終わったんだよ。それをいつまでもネチネチネチネチ京都の女かお前は」 \n> _Our fight has already ended. Stop being so persistent about it, what are\n> you, a Kyoto girl?_ \n> B「バカか貴様は！京女だけでなく女子はみんなネチネチしている。 **そういう全てを含めて包み込む度量がないから** 貴様はモテないんだ」 \n> _Are you stupid? It's not only Kyoto girls that are persistent, every girl\n> is like that. Precisely because you don't have the capacity to ??? you're\n> not popular with them._\n\nA scene between two former friends who are now busting each other's balls. The\nbolded part is what I don't understand at all. I kind of managed to narrow\ndown the meaning of 包み込む here to what I **think** is another way to express\n受け入れる but even then I really have no clue what that line is trying to get\nacross. Is person B saying that because person A is singling out 京都の女 from all\nthe others, he's unpopular? That doesn't make much sense to me.\n\nよろしくお願いします！\n\nEdit:\n\nThis line follows soon after when the person saying it wants to take over\ncontrol of the situation (she's depicted as a Chinese person and often speaks\nbroken Japanese):\n\n> 善行でも悪行でもやるからには大将やるのが私のモットーよ \n> _No matter if good deed or bad deed, I'll be the boss is what I always\n> say._\n\n^ is what I assume is being said but I'm not sure, the structure throws me\noff, especially やるからには - I know that からには means ～だから、当然～だ as in\n仕事を引き受けたからにはやり遂げないといけない。 \n_Now that I've taken on the job, I'll have to see it through to the end._ \nbut it seems kind of out of context in the sentence given above. I've found a\nsource where やるからには is translated as _If I do..., then..._ but is that a\nviable way to use this structure?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-03T21:53:55.587",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80481",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-04T04:57:36.513",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-04T00:51:59.723",
"last_editor_user_id": "35224",
"owner_user_id": "35224",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"verbs"
],
"title": "そういう全てを含めて包み込む度量",
"view_count": 89
}
|
[
{
"body": "Yes this 包み込む can be translated as \"to accept\" (although there may be a better\nverb...maybe \"embrace\"?). 度量 refers to the \"capacity\" or \"breadth\" of one's\nmind. For example, a 度量の大きい(or 広い)人間 is a broad-minded person who is tolerant\nof many things. そういう全て refers to all the negative traits every girl has (in\nB's opinion) including ネチネチさ (\"persistence\", \"unforgiveness\").\n\n> そういう全てを含めて包み込む度量がないから貴様はモテないんだ。 \n> You are unpopular with girls because you don't have enough mental capacity\n> to accept everything (including the persistence of girls).\n\n* * *\n\nからには is a common construction, so please see\n[this](https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-\ngrammar/%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E3%81%AB%E3%81%AF-kara-niwa-meaning/). ~~But 大将やる\nmakes no sense to me. It should be a typo or a reflection of her broken\nJapanese (I don't know if 大将 means something in a context like this in\nChinese).~~",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-04T02:03:10.410",
"id": "80485",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-04T04:57:36.513",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-04T04:57:36.513",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80481",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80481
| null |
80485
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "The translation given for the sentence was \"Read chapter 4 for Friday.\" Is the\nこと used just to make the sentence a bit more respectful or is it just missing\nsome context? I feel like i'm just missing something obvious here.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-04T02:25:39.553",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80486",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-04T03:45:38.713",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-04T03:45:38.713",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "40191",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"usage"
],
"title": "金曜日の予習に第4章を読んでおくこと, The function of こと",
"view_count": 35
}
|
[] |
80486
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80488",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 君の目が貫いた 僕の胸を真っ直ぐ\n\nThis is one of the lines in a song I recently heard.\n\nI was confused why the particle \"wo\" is in between the direct object and an\nadverb that modifies the verb, 貫いた.\n\nCan anyone explain what is going on in the sentence? Does it only apply on\nWritten Japanese? Thanks in advance! ^~^\n\nHere's the\n[Lyrics](https://www.jpopasia.com/masakisuda/lyrics/394397/love/machigai-\nsagashi-%E3%81%BE%E3%81%A1%E3%81%8C%E3%81%84%E3%81%95%E3%81%8C%E3%81%97/)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-04T03:07:18.717",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80487",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-04T05:18:29.310",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-04T05:18:29.310",
"last_editor_user_id": "39438",
"owner_user_id": "39438",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"particle-を",
"anastrophe"
],
"title": "Another use of particle \"wo\"?",
"view_count": 327
}
|
[
{
"body": "(Please add a link to the [original\nlyrics](http://j-lyric.net/artist/a05c7bf/l04bac0.html), or at least provide\nseveral lines around this. Otherwise, no one can tell if 僕の胸 is really the\nobject of 貫いた, since lyrics usually have no punctuation marks.)\n\nThis 僕の胸 is indeed the object of 貫いた placed _after_ the verb. It's\nsemantically the same as 君の目が僕の胸を真っ直ぐ貫いた, but looks more dramatic and poetic.\n\nThis is a common rhetorical device called 倒置法. Similar things [happen also in\nEnglish](https://examples.yourdictionary.com/anastrophe-famous-examples-in-\nliterature-and-speech.html), but this is more common in the Japanese language\nbecause it does not rely much on the word order thanks to the particles.\n\nRelated:\n\n * [Still learning Japanese and I need help with this phrase \"誰が止めるというの 心が叫んだ声を\"](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/62379/5010)\n * [What does と mean in 「ここにおいで」と?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/38645/5010)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-04T03:18:35.783",
"id": "80488",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-04T03:24:38.890",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-04T03:24:38.890",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80487",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
80487
|
80488
|
80488
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80500",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Could you please tell me what kind of relation has ～てまでも with ～ないまでも?\n\n(They appear in the same section of my textbook as if they were closely\nrelated to each other)\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/x8LTo.png)\n\nThank you so much in advance for your help!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-04T12:27:28.620",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80490",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-05T03:41:52.597",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29677",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Relation between ～てまでも and ～ないまでも",
"view_count": 135
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think they are not closely related except that both contain までも. 明鏡国語辞典\ndescribes **13** different usages of まで. This Vないまでも is described under\ncategory , subcategory ④, sub-subcategory ㋑. Vてまでも is under , ①.\n\n> ### まで\n>\n> ① 極端なものを例示して、他はましてと暗示する。「君まで僕を疑うのか」「親にまで見かぎられるとは」「こんな苦労をし **てまでも**\n> 生きねばならないのか」\n>\n> _(... 6 other definitions ...)_\n>\n> ④㋑《「…ないまでも」の形で受けて》そうする必要はないとしても、せめて、の意を表す。「病院に行かない **までも**\n> 見舞状くらいは出しておこう」「怒らない **までも** がっかりはするだろう」",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-05T03:41:52.597",
"id": "80500",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-05T03:41:52.597",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80490",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80490
|
80500
|
80500
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have a language exchange buddy that tends to use this phrase a lot and from\nwhat I've heard it generally means 'something like that'. I've also heard that\nit's a phrase younger people use a lot to be indirect.\n\n**An example phrase would be:**\n\n> .....と一緒に行ってみたいなぁ\n\nHow I would usually interpret this is _\" It would be nice to go with you\"_\n\nIf anyone could clarify the nuances of this phrase and its different uses I\nwould very much appreciate that. Thank you!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-04T12:42:47.660",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80491",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-04T19:18:14.443",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-04T15:41:19.723",
"last_editor_user_id": "78",
"owner_user_id": "39533",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"nuances",
"phrases"
],
"title": "What does 'te- mitai na' mean at the end of a sentence?",
"view_count": 872
}
|
[
{
"body": "～てみたい comes from ～てみる. It's simply the て form with the verb 見る (notice that\nit's usually written in かな alone, though).\n\n～てみる means to \"try to do something\". For instance, 食べてみる (try to eat), 飲んでみる\n(try to drink), etc...\n\nWhen you use the stem form of the verb + たい, it expresses the desire to do\nsomething. Some examples: 食べたい (I want to eat), 飲みたい (I want to drink), etc...\n\nな is added at the end of sentences (like よ or ね) and has some different\nmeanings. Check\n[this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/33969/when-is-na-used-at-\nthe-end-of-a-sentence) answer for more details on that. In any case, it has a\nsense of confirmation in the case your asking. In English, it would be\nequivalent to the \"isn't it?\" at the of a sentence.\n\nSummarising with your example, a more \"literal\" translation, with the\nunderlying meaning between the parentheses, would be something like\n\n> I would like to try going with you (it would be nice don't you think?)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-04T19:18:14.443",
"id": "80492",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-04T19:18:14.443",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "32479",
"parent_id": "80491",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80491
| null |
80492
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm looking for the Japanese origin of the saying\n\n> Normal is the most difficult.\n\nI believe the longhand version would be\n\n> Normality in life is the most difficult state/condition to attain/sustain.\n\nAny idea what the original in Japanese may be?\n\nI've heard this sentence in English many times from a Japanese person from\nNagasaki area (Kyushu), so I guess it was a translation of a Japanese saying\nor a proverb. Would be great to know what the original sounds/reads like.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-04T21:09:56.967",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80494",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-06T06:10:54.770",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-06T06:10:54.770",
"last_editor_user_id": "32479",
"owner_user_id": "40205",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"translation",
"etymology",
"daily-life",
"proverbs"
],
"title": "Normal is the most difficult\" -- origin in Japanese?",
"view_count": 132
}
|
[
{
"body": "I often hear such a phrase like 当たり前のことが一番難しい, which roughly says \"Ordinary\nthings are the most difficult (to do)\".\n\nI don't know if it is a fixed saying, as I searched Google I found many\nvariations in wording e.g.\n「当たり前が～」「～ことをするのが～」「当たり前のことを当たり前にやる（の／こと）が～」「当たり前のことほど～」 and so on. It seems\nconsidered to be a witty quote so that is printed on [a novelty\nT-shirt](http://www.oreryu-souhonke.jp/SHOP/4573185319947.html).\n\nSome attribute this to [a famous\npâtissier](http://meigen.ko2ko2.net/2009/05/0142.html), but to be honest I\ndoubt he is the real inventor of this phrase.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-05T05:47:47.067",
"id": "80502",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-05T05:47:47.067",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7810",
"parent_id": "80494",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80494
| null |
80502
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Both 勇気 and 勇 are nouns and mean courage. Does 気 give it a different twist?\n\nCouldn't you say 力と勇 instead of 力と勇気? (meaning power and courage)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-04T22:57:03.000",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80496",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-06T06:01:50.327",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-04T23:41:28.820",
"last_editor_user_id": "4652",
"owner_user_id": "4652",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Contribution of 気 to the meaning, for example, 勇気 and 勇",
"view_count": 337
}
|
[
{
"body": "You usually **cannot** say 力と勇 instead of 力と勇気. 勇気 is the default word for\n'courage'. This 気 on its own means something like 'trait' or 'spirit', and it\nis true that it adds little to the meaning. Still, it's important because ゆう\nis usually too short as a word, and there are many other kanji whose on-\nreading is ゆう (e.g., 有 existence, 友 friend, 遊 play, 融 melt). In general, the\nmajority of Sino-Japanese words (kango) are made of two or more kanji with on-\nreadings. You have to say ゆうじん (友人) instead of ゆう even though 友 means 'friend'\nby itself, and you have to say ゆうかい (融解) instead of ゆう even though 融 means\n'melt' by itself. Please see the following questions, too.\n\n * [How many unique on'yomi are there?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/24376/5010)\n * [What's the difference between 重責 and 責任?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/53781/5010)\n\n勇 is occasionally used as a standalone word in literary or theatrical\ncontexts. For example, a knight in a fantasy novel may say 戦場にて我が勇を示さん (\"I\nshall show my courage on the battlefield!\"). But this is rather exceptional,\nand you should use 勇気 most of the time.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-05T01:21:55.383",
"id": "80497",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-06T06:01:50.327",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-06T06:01:50.327",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80496",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 10
}
] |
80496
| null |
80497
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "In most cases, 汝 is the formal/archaic second person pronoun, \"you/thou\", and\n己 is a humble and archaic first-person pronoun or a way to refer to oneself.\n\nHowever, confusingly, in many dictionaries, both the first-person pronoun and\nsecond-person pronoun are listed as definitions of 汝 and 己, and some compounds\nusing these two kanji actually list them interchanged with each other as\nvariant forms.\n\n> [汝等]{うぬら} Pronoun\n>\n> 1. ye; you. Archaism, Derogatory, usu. plural\n> 2. me; I; us; we. Archaism, Only applies to わいら\n>\n\n>\n> **Other forms 己等 【うぬら】、汝等 【わいら】、汝等 【なむだち】、汝等 【なむたち】**\n\n> [己]{な} Pronoun\n>\n> 1. I. Archaism\n> 2. you.\n>\n\n>\n> **Other forms 汝 【な】**\n\nWhy have 汝 and 己 become associated with _both_ \"I\" and \"you\"? In Chinese, 己 is\nassociated solely with the self and 汝 is associated solely with \"you\".\n\nIn what cases would 汝 be used as \"I\" and 己 used as \"you\"? [汝]{うぬ} and\n[汝等]{わいら} seem to be the only readings of 汝 that mean \"I\", while the standard\nreading of [汝]{なんじ} only means \"you/thou\". However, the standard reading of\n[己]{おのれ} can mean both \"I/self\" and \"you\". If it was in a text, how would you\nbe able to tell which it refers to?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-05T03:39:24.843",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80499",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-05T03:39:24.843",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "39722",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"pronouns",
"archaic-language",
"first-person-pronouns",
"second-person-pronouns"
],
"title": "Confusing interchangeability of 汝 and 己",
"view_count": 134
}
|
[] |
80499
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I've just started learning Japanese last week.\n\nI'm playing a video game in Japanese. One of the characters said: \"礼を言う\"\n(rewoiu) just by itself. The English translation was \"Thank you.\"\n\nI didn't recognize this as any version of \"thank you\" I had heard before.\n\nThe translation I get when searching is: \"Say thanks\". But this is basically\njust a non-past verb. Can you use non-past verbs by themselves usually?\n\nDoes \"say thanks\" in Japanese also mean \"thank you\"? If so, when is it\nappropriate to use this over other common forms of thank you; what's the\ndifference between this and \"arigatou\"?",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-05T05:24:01.107",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80501",
"last_activity_date": "2022-03-02T06:02:55.277",
"last_edit_date": "2021-06-05T04:44:45.170",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "40211",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"phrases"
],
"title": "Does \"礼を言う\" mean \"thank you\"?",
"view_count": 767
}
|
[
{
"body": "So, my guess is that you're playing Ghost of Tsushima, yeah? I'm playing with\nJapanese audio as well and have heard several characters use 礼を言う.\n\nBased on context, I believe you are correct that it just means 'Thank you'.\nHowever, I have never heard this expression used in real life. My guess is\nthat it is meant to give the characters an old-timey feel to match the\nKamakura-jidai setting of the game.\n\nI'm really enjoying the Japanese audio track - it definitely makes the game\nmore emersive and is great for some passive listening practice. I'd be careful\nif you're going to study from it though, cause they are definitely using some\n'old-timey' feeling expressions and you probably don't want to sound like an\nold-timey samurai in real life :)\n\nAlso, you can definitely use non-past plain verbs (dictionary form) in regular\nspeech. They are the basis of several grammatical constructions and are used\nall the time to talk in present/future tense in a casual setting with friends.\n\nWelcome to the journey that is learning Japanese. がんばってください。",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-06T02:49:05.417",
"id": "80509",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-07T02:40:21.217",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-07T02:40:21.217",
"last_editor_user_id": "25783",
"owner_user_id": "25783",
"parent_id": "80501",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80501
| null |
80509
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm extremely confused about whether there are any rules to use On-reading or\nKun-reading for kanji words.\n\nA good example is 「弱者」vs「若者」. The former one is On-reading 「じゃくしゃ」, while the\nlatter one is Kun-reading 「わかもの」. However I can't notice any significant\ndifferences just from the kanjis. Without checking dictionary, I might guess\n「若者」 is also pronounced as 「じゃくしゃ」, similar as 「若年」（「じゃくねん」）",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-05T06:35:38.833",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80503",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-05T09:14:31.177",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "35642",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"pronunciation"
],
"title": "「弱者」vs「若者」Any rules to use On-reading or Kun-reading",
"view_count": 103
}
|
[
{
"body": "Sometimes kanji compounds use kun-yomi readings for both characters (instead\nof the 'expected' use of on-yomi). This is just a feature of kanji that\nlearners have to come to terms with. The general guidelines for reading kanji\ncontain many exceptions.\n\nThis has been discussed at length on the site already. See below:\n\n * [How are the different pronunciations of kanji used, such as onyomi and kunyomi?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/17696/how-are-the-different-pronunciations-of-kanji-used-such-as-onyomi-and-kunyomi)\n * [General guidelines for choosing 訓読み vs. 音読み in kanji reading](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/43197/general-guidelines-for-choosing-%e8%a8%93%e8%aa%ad%e3%81%bf-vs-%e9%9f%b3%e8%aa%ad%e3%81%bf-in-kanji-reading)\n * [Identifying the correct reading for multiple Kanji](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/78797/identifying-the-correct-reading-for-multiple-kanji)",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-05T09:03:48.850",
"id": "80504",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-05T09:14:31.177",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-05T09:14:31.177",
"last_editor_user_id": "25875",
"owner_user_id": "25875",
"parent_id": "80503",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
80503
| null |
80504
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80508",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I found the following sentence in a Japanese textbook:\n\n\"明日の試合に勝ちたいなら、きっと練習しなければ。 If you want to win tomorrow's game, you must\npractice.\"\n\nThis was in a section to do with なら, there was no explaination provided\nregarding the second half of the sentence. However the second half confuses\nme. Why does 練習しなければ mean 'must practice'?\n\nI understand that 練習しなければ is the negative conditional form of 練習する, which\nshould mean \"If I don't practice\" or \"unless I practice\". Is this just an\nadditional way to use this form (i.e. the negative conditional form for X can\nalso mean 'must X')?\n\nIs this a shortening of 練習しなければならない? This makes sense to me, but I can't find\nany info online that suggests it's grammatically correct to shorten/contract\n'練習しなければならない' in this way.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-05T13:46:51.353",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80506",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-05T18:40:56.117",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40214",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"negation",
"conditionals"
],
"title": "What does '練習しなければ' mean on its own?",
"view_count": 160
}
|
[
{
"body": "You have answered your own question. It is indeed short for 練習しなければならない. It is\nquite clear from the context what the natural conclusion of 練習しなければ is, so\nthere is no need to say it. The more you study Japanese the more of these\nunfinished sentences you will find.\n\nThe Japanese seem to have a proclivity for omitting unnecessary information in\nconversation, but this example is not that unusual even in English. If you\nsaid the sentence \"If you don't practise\" with rising intonation it would\nstrongly suggest that \"things won't go well\" is the natural completion, i.e.\nyou must practise.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-05T18:40:56.117",
"id": "80508",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-05T18:40:56.117",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7944",
"parent_id": "80506",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80506
|
80508
|
80508
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm playing a game and the following was said:\n\n> ふうん。。。あなたには情報を提供しているんですよ？ これで見つけられないような役立たず **さんには** 。。。\n\nMy confusing comes in with the second sentence. I'm not sure what the bold\nportion (`さんには`) is trying to convey. I'm not really sure what the `さん` part\nis at all and how it works with the `には` part. My best guess is that it is\nreally is `さのには`, but even then what does this actually mean here?\n\nWhen trying to translate it I **think** its something like:\n\n> Well... Can you provide any information? Because of this, not being able to\n> find it is as if it is useless.\n\nContext: The main villain asked their right hand man how the investigation is\ngoing for an item. They responded by saying they have still have not obtained\nit. Then the main villain says the above",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-06T03:43:05.357",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80510",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-11T11:04:16.393",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-06T03:49:13.910",
"last_editor_user_id": "30339",
"owner_user_id": "30339",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation"
],
"title": "Grammar difficulties in sentence with adjective + さんには",
"view_count": 107
}
|
[
{
"body": "It's 役立たず-さん, さん as in 田中さん， i.e. Mr (Ms) Useless.\n\n> あなたには情報を提供しているんですよ？\n\n_I [= the villain] have provided you with information_ [for the investigation\nfor the item]. {Maybe _I'm providing you_ fits better.}\n\n> これで見つけられないような役立たずさんには。。。\n\n_[For] Mr Useless who can't find it with this [information the villain has\nprovided]..._ What's being omitted is not clear, perhaps along the line of\n「罰が必要でしょうか」 _There needs to be a punishment, I wonder?_\n\nIf I may judge without context, not simply saying \"これで見つけられないような役立たずには\" adds\nthe the villain's character more politeness (which, in this case, implies\ncertain kind of deep evilness), intellect, pedanticness, and/or\nsophistication.\n\n* * *\n\nFor the former part\n\n> あなたには情報を提供しているんですよ？\n\nI'll try to explain.\n\n(1) From the part \"あなた **に** は\" it is clear that \"あなた\" isn't the one who gives\nthe information. A が B に C を提供する = A provides B with C.\n\n(2) I wasn't able to come up with a situation where \"-です **よ** ？\" can be a\nquestion: ですか？ (or more casually, です？) would be a question.\n\n(3) 「提供している」doesn't refer to an action which hasn't taken place. It's either\n\"A have provided\" or \"A is providing\".\n\nIf you give more detail about your confusion, I (or somebody) could write an\nanswer more spot-on. But in that case, I think it should be posted as another\nquestion.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-09T15:48:38.523",
"id": "80563",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-11T11:04:16.393",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-11T11:04:16.393",
"last_editor_user_id": "4223",
"owner_user_id": "4223",
"parent_id": "80510",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80510
| null |
80563
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80514",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm not sure if I would consider myself advanced or n2 level just yet, but I\nbought a Japanese book recently (an autobiography) to get more input. I'm\nslowly translating words on Jisho, reading about a page a day, while also\nrefusing to use google translate. I'm getting along fine for the most part,\nbut there's this one sentence that I can't seem to wrap my head around. I can\nunderstand individual parts of it, but my head sort of freezes when it comes\nto combining it all into one sentence. I couldn't find other posts similar to\nthis one, so I'm sorry if this isn't the appropriate website to post this.\n\n>\n> 馬の前に人参をぶら下げて走らせるたとえで言ったら僕にとって「もてたい」ってやつは人参でも無農薬有機栽培の人参、グルメレポーターが食べたら、「これはフルーツですか？」とよくわからないけど何かすごそうみたいなコメントを言ってしまう程の人参だった。\"\n\nFrom what I can understand, I think it means something close to\nthis:`\"Concerning myself who says \"like dangling a carrot in front of a horse\nto get it to run\", \"I want to be popular\" type of guy will, even if the carrot\nis an organically grown carrot, even if a gourmet reviewer eats and thus \"is\nthis a fruit?\" I will not understand but to the degree of commenting\n\"something overdone\" carrot it was.\"` I know for sure this is wrong so I'm\nhoping someone can help explain to me how this sentence works, what I'm doing\nwrong, and if this isn't the correct site please let me know where I can go\nwith this because I don't know where else to ask.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-06T05:53:22.477",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80511",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-07T13:05:25.867",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-06T06:12:15.397",
"last_editor_user_id": "78",
"owner_user_id": "40179",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"particles",
"syntax"
],
"title": "I need help with parsing out this one, really long sentence from a book",
"view_count": 138
}
|
[
{
"body": "Ok, so the overall structure is like this:\n\n> （[a]…たとえで言ったら、） 僕にとって「もてたい」ってやつは 人参でも[b]…程の人参だった。\n\n_(Using the metaphor [a],) for me, \"I want to be popular\" was a carrot, (not\njust an ordinary carrot, but) a carrot like [b]._\n\nThe first part of the sentence goes:\n\n> 馬の前に人参をぶら下げて走らせるたとえで言ったら\n\nLit. _If I say regarding the metaphor where you dangle a carrot in front of a\nhorse to get it to run,_. This may sound verbose, probably because the \"carrot\nand stick\" symbolisation is less frequent in Japanese.\n\n* * *\n\n> 僕にとって「もてたい」ってやつは …人参だった\n\n_For me, \"I want to be popular (among girls: assuming this guy is heterosexual\nman)\" was the carrot._\n\n* * *\n\n>\n> 人参でも無農薬有機栽培の人参、グルメレポーターが食べたら、「これはフルーツですか？」とよくわからないけど何かすごそうみたいなコメントを言ってしまう程の人参\n\nThis part is tricky (and creative), but it just emphasises what a great carrot\n(i.e. motivation) it [the desire to be popular] is. Let's read it bit by bit.\n\n> 人参でも (1)無農薬有機栽培の人参、(2) [グルメレポーターが食べたら…程の]人参\n\nAmong carrots, it's (1) an organic carrot, (2) a carrot so amazing that...\n\n無農薬有機栽培 vegetables are, in general, considered of a higher quality, more\nexpensive, tastier, classier, etc. I'm guessing this is the same anywhere.\n\n> グルメレポーターが食べたら、\n\n_when a gourmet reviewer eats it_ --- (Imagine a TV show, where a cast eats an\ncarrot, and says...)\n\n> 「これはフルーツですか？」と…コメントを言ってしまう\n\n_\" Is this a fruit?\"_ (\"Hey, this carrot is so sweet and tasty as it is ---\nit's like eating a fruit of some sort!\")\n\n> 「よくわからないけど何かすごそう」みたいな\n\nwhich (the comment above) is actually like \"I don't really understand the\ndetail, but it seems great\".\n\nThis part about the gourmet reporter might need an explanation. At least in\nJapan, we often see TV shows where the crew visit farmers, eat their product,\nand get amazed at how tasty they are, especially sweet, surprisingly so when\ncompared to vegetables we buy at supermarkets. {I'm somehow feeling that the\nsame thing goes in other countries as well...} The 「よくわからないけど何かすごそう」 part is a\nslightly cynical reference to these casts, who don't necessarily appreciate\nthe real difference.\n\n* * *\n\nAnyway, to sum up ---\n\n> _Consider the metaphor, where you dangle a carrot in front of a horse to get\n> it to run: For me, \"I want to be popular\" was the carrot --- an organic one,\n> that kind of carrot which they say \"Is this a fruit?\" ---which is like \"I\n> don't understand well but it seems great\"--- in the gourmet programmes on\n> TV._",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-06T12:59:11.573",
"id": "80514",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-07T13:05:25.867",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-07T13:05:25.867",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "4223",
"parent_id": "80511",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80511
|
80514
|
80514
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80528",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "One of the shows I've been watching lately kept using some more classical\nforms of Japanese for style purposes, that I was not too familiar with ; this\nled me to notice how 得る{える} was often used as an auxiliary verb. For example,\nthis makes constructions like 有り{あり}得ない{えない} way easier to remember now that I\ncan see the how it's built.\n\nLooking more into it, it seems (explained in\n[here](https://classicaljapanese.wordpress.com/2014/03/29/u/)) that it can\nindeed be used to indicate potential as a somewhat old/formal form.\n\nThe modern potential form 〜られる/〜える looks very similar however (as alluded to\nin\n[here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/1865/%e5%be%97%e3%82%8b-vs-%ef%bd%9e%e3%82%89%e3%82%8c%e3%82%8b-potential-\nform)), especially for godan verbs.\n\nMy hypothesis is that the modern 〜える (for godan verbs) directly comes from 得る,\nand that 〜られる (for ichidan verbs) was initially some kind of alternate\nconstruction (the only thing that comes to mind is a contraction of something\ninvolving ある like 食べれ・あれ・得る → 食べられる).\n\nIs there any definite proof of the connection between the two? What\ntransformations led to the construction of the modern form, if there is such a\nconnection?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-06T09:23:38.100",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80512",
"last_activity_date": "2021-09-21T00:34:40.243",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-06T09:30:53.883",
"last_editor_user_id": "14465",
"owner_user_id": "14465",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"classical-japanese",
"potential-form"
],
"title": "Did the られる potential form come from 得る?",
"view_count": 363
}
|
[
{
"body": "According to [this\npaper](https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://ypir.lib.yamaguchi-u.ac.jp/sc/file/1683/20100303141623/SC20052000109.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwjj-\nPiWudXrAhUDE6YKHWM8DWEQFjADegQIBRAB&usg=AOvVaw0vNzMxr3YK3TFWv-CLd58H), the\ncurrent Japanese 可能形 at least in part likely derives from the passive, due to,\nas stated in the paper, the passive expressing:\n\n> 主体の意志とは関係なく動作が実現してしまう（こと） \n> An action realized without regard for the will of the subject\n\nA cursory search on\n[wikipedia](https://ja.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%99%BA_\\(%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95\\))\nsuggests that the passive る and らる endings (which developed into the current\nれる and られる endings) derive not from 得る but 生【あ】る, with る attached to the 未然形\nof verbs that undergo 四段活用, ナ変格活用, and ラ行変格活用 (e.g. 住む→住まる) to preserve the\noriginal ある pronunciation of the suffix, and らる attached to the 未然形 of all\nother verbs (e.g. 当つ→当てらる) as their 未然形 wouldn't end in a member of the ア段.\nWhile this does not explain why ら was selected for らる, it does confirm that\nthe られる ending most likely does not have anything to do with 得る.\n\nEDIT:\n\nAs an aside, the trend where old 二段動詞 became 一段動詞\n(上ぐ→上げる、寝【ぬ】→寝る、生く→生きる/生ける、〜る→〜れる、〜らる→〜られる等) is loosely referred to as\n二段動詞の一段化 (you can read a bit about it\n[here](https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/56628759.pdf) and\n[here](https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/147575276.pdf)), and has absolutely\nnothing to do with 得る.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-06T22:01:46.733",
"id": "80528",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-06T22:41:47.733",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-06T22:41:47.733",
"last_editor_user_id": "35632",
"owner_user_id": "35632",
"parent_id": "80512",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "To expand on [sbkgs4686's](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/users/35632/)\nanswer, I'd like to go a bit further into the history of the modern passive\nending ～られる, and of the modern verb of potential, 得る【える】.\n\n## The history of ～られる\n\nLet's start by looking at the modern passive ending ～られる and how this has\ndeveloped through the years.\n\n### Monograde form\n\nThe modern passive ending ～られる has a regular 下一段【しもいちだん】 conjugation pattern\n-- 下【しも】 or \"lower\" since the stem ends in //-e// (a \"lower\" vowel value than\nthe other vowel-stem ending //-i//), and 一段【いちだん】 or \"one step; monograde\"\nsince the verb stem only has the one vowel for all endings.\n\n### Older bigrade form\n\nJust like all 下一段【しもいちだん】 verbs, this comes from the older 下二段【しもいちだん】 or\n\"lower bigrade\" pattern -- 二段【にだん】 or \"bigrade\" since the verb stem ends in\neither of two vowels depending on the conjugation form, //-e// or //-u//. So\nmodern ～られる used to have the 終止形【しゅうしけい】 (\"terminal form\", a.k.a. \"dictionary\nor plain form\") of ～らる.\n\n### The components: ら and る\n\nAs sbkgs4686 notes, the final ～る on the end is surmised to come from ある, the\nold copula (\"to be\") verb of existence.\n\n * _Note: The copular verb had the terminal or dictionary form of あり for much of recorded history. The form ある was the 連体形【れんたいけい】 or \"attributive form\", for when the verb was used to modify a noun or noun phrase._\n\nThe linking ～ら～ is of uncertain derivation; this is only used to attach the\npassive ending to verbs that themselves have the 一段【いちだん】 (or 二段【にだん】 in\nClassical and Old Japanese) conjugation patterns.\n\n * Speculatively, I wonder if this linking element might not also be from this same ある, conjugated into the 未然形【みぜんけい】 or \"irrealis / imperfective form\" of [あ]ら～, as required for the passive ending, in order to explicitly add that linking //-a-// phoneme.\n\n### Before る, there was ゆ\n\nBefore there was ～らる, there was ～らゆ. This is that linking ～ら～ plus ～ゆ, the Old\nJapanese 助動詞【じょどうし】 or \"auxiliary verb\" (really, a suffix adding some kind of\n[aspect](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_aspect) to the verb).\n\nThis ～ゆ ending had the 下二段【しもにだん】 conjugation pattern, which later\nstandardized into the 下一段【しもいちだん】 ending ～える. Note that this derives from\nancient _-yeru_ , with that _ye_ sound shifting to just _e_ through regular\nhistorical sound change. This is the same ～える we find in modern verbs like\n見える【みえる】 (from 見【み】 + ゆ), 聞こえる【きこえる】 (from 聞か【きか】 + sound shift + ゆ), 覚える\n(from 思は【おもは】 + sound shift + ゆ), etc.\n\n### The meaning\n\nThis ～ゆ indicates that the verb action happens spontaneously (without anyone\ndoing it), and this was also used to express passive and potential senses.\n\nIn a very similar fashion, the later ～る ending also indicates spontaneous\naction, and passive and potential senses.\n\n## The history of 得る【える】\n\nNow let's look at the verb 得る【える】, commonly used in the modern language as a\ncompounding verb to express potential.\n\n### Monograde form\n\nMuch like the modern passive ending ～られる, the modern verb 得る【える】 also has a\nregular has a regular 下一段【しもいちだん】 conjugation pattern -- 下【しも】 or \"lower\"\nsince the stem ends in //-e// (a \"lower\" vowel value than the other vowel-stem\nending //-i//), and 一段【いちだん】 or \"one step; monograde\" since the verb stem only\nhas the one vowel for all endings.\n\n### Older bigrade form\n\nJust like all 下一段【しもいちだん】 verbs, this comes from the older 下二段【しもいちだん】 or\n\"lower bigrade\" pattern -- 二段【にだん】 or \"bigrade\" since the verb stem ends in\neither of two vowels depending on the conjugation form, //-e// or //-u//. So\nmodern 得る【える】 used to have the 終止形【しゅうしけい】 (\"terminal form\", a.k.a.\n\"dictionary or plain form\") of 得【う】.\n\n### The meaning\n\nThe potential sense of 得る【える】 is quite old, appearing already in the\n[_Man'yōshū_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man%27y%C5%8Dsh%C5%AB) poetry\ncollection, finalized in 759 (with some poems written possibly centuries\nearlier).\n\nThat said, this verb also means \"to get, to make something one's own\".\nConsider the very many meanings of the English verb _get_ , and how this is\nalso used in certain combinations to express both potential and passive\n(potential: \"I got it `[VERBed]`\" [I was able to `[VERB]` it]; passive: \"I got\n`[VERBed]`\" [I had `[VERB]` done to me]; and even the causative: \"I got\nsomeone to `[VERB]`\" [I caused someone else to `[VERB]`]).\n\n## Conclusion\n\nTo sum up:\n\n * Phonologically (in terms of the sounds), spontaneous / passive / potential ending ～[ら]ゆ and later ～[ら]る → ～[ら]れる do not match with potential / \"to get\" verb root う. \n * There's that initial \"Y\" in ゆ that is absent in all attested forms of う / える.\n * There's that initial \"R\" in る → れる that is absent in all attested forms of う / える.\n * Semantically (in terms of meaning), spontaneous / passive / potential ending ～[ら]ゆ does not match with potential / \"to get\" verb root う. \n * The oldest sense for ～[ら]ゆ expresses something that happens \"on its own\", while the oldest sense for う is \"to get; to be possible\".\n\nOf the various components we have, and of the various historical forms we\nhave, any overlap between modern ～られる and modern 得る【える】 appears to be purely\naccidental.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2021-09-20T21:26:54.430",
"id": "90403",
"last_activity_date": "2021-09-21T00:34:40.243",
"last_edit_date": "2021-09-21T00:34:40.243",
"last_editor_user_id": "5229",
"owner_user_id": "5229",
"parent_id": "80512",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80512
|
80528
|
90403
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80515",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In the following sentence\n\n> 今日は何の映画を見るか決めたの\n\nwhat is the grammatical role of か?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-06T11:30:51.090",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80513",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-06T13:07:40.217",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30049",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Usage of か after verbs",
"view_count": 207
}
|
[
{
"body": "From your comment it seems you are asking about the difference between:\n\n> 1. 今日は何の映画を見るか決めた \n> Today I decided on which film I will watch.\n> 2. 今日は何の映画を見ること(を)決めた \n> ????\n>\n\nIn 1) 何の映画を見るか (which film will I watch) is an embedded question. The whole\nphrase behaves like a noun, which can take the optional object particle を. So\nthe basic structure is\n\n> 今日はXを決めた \n> Today I decided on X\n\nwhere X is \"what film I will watch\".\n\nI don't believe sentence 2) is grammatical because of the question part 何の in\nit. You could say:\n\n> 今日は映画を見ることを決めた \n> I decided on watching a film\n\nbut that is a different structure with a different meaning.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-06T13:07:40.217",
"id": "80515",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-06T13:07:40.217",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7944",
"parent_id": "80513",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
80513
|
80515
|
80515
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "士道は慌てて首を振った。いらぬことを言ってへそを曲げられ **てはことである** 。\n\nContext: The boy 士道 was trying to persuade a girl. The girl hated men and\ndidn’t want to talk with 士道. If 士道 said anything amiss, the girl would get\nsulky further.\n\nHi. What is the function or meaning of the bold part? Is it some fixed kind of\ngrammar pattern?\n\nThank you.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-06T14:35:45.623",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80517",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-06T14:35:45.623",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36662",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"clause-pattern"
],
"title": "Meaning or function of てはことである?",
"view_count": 25
}
|
[] |
80517
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Could someone explain to me the function of the particle と in this case?\n\n> ちりと化すぞ\n\nありがとうございます。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-06T17:05:33.087",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80519",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-06T20:59:39.863",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-06T17:32:01.597",
"last_editor_user_id": "22352",
"owner_user_id": "39797",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"particle-と"
],
"title": "ちりと化すぞ - What is the function of particle と?",
"view_count": 98
}
|
[
{
"body": "「と」in this case marks what the subject is turning or changing into. For\nexample,「死体は塵{ちり} **と** 化した」would mean \"the body turned to dust\".\n\nIt is similar to particle に in this use, and in fact could be replaced by に.\nYou can find an explanation of the difference between the two\n[here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/739/9749).",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-06T20:59:39.863",
"id": "80525",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-06T20:59:39.863",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9749",
"parent_id": "80519",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80519
| null |
80525
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80533",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I recently listened to a song named [アザトカワイイ](https://youtu.be/m-FRFhvM1EA)\nand I started asking myself about the grammar behind this one simple phrase.\n\nAccording to this\n[site](https://hallyuplus.net/threads/hinatazaka46-%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B6%E3%83%88%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AF%E3%82%A4%E3%82%A4-azato-\nkawaii.35159/), the title means \"Cunningly Cute\" which makes sense because\ncunning in Japanese is あざとい, an い-Adjective.\n\nBut then I learned that you actually take the stem and add く to the adjective\nto make an い-Adjective into an Adverb.\n\nI'm really confused right now **LMAO** Every input will be appreciated! Thanks\nin advance! ^~^",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-06T17:22:27.147",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80520",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-07T15:59:49.307",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "39438",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"i-adjectives"
],
"title": "Turning い-Adjectives into Adverbs",
"view_count": 125
}
|
[
{
"body": "It's a compound word from the stem of あざとい combined with かわいい, in other words,\none word.\n\nEdit: It means to be cute in a manner that you boldly show yourself that way.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-07T04:10:25.643",
"id": "80533",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-07T15:59:49.307",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-07T15:59:49.307",
"last_editor_user_id": "4092",
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "80520",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80520
|
80533
|
80533
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I see that the nouns 感じ and 風 (also written ふう) are sometimes used to indicate\nhow to do something. Some examples:\n\n> こんなふうに書いてください。 \n> こんな感じにカットしてください。\n\nThis is a dialogue about how to golf:\n\n> A: アドバイス？お願いします！ \n> B: じゃあ、スイングするときはもっと体全体を使ってみて。こんな感じかな。 \n> A: えっと、こう？ \n> B: そうそう！ \n> A: はい、わかりました！\n\nAs the examples show, they often appear with こんな, そんな, あんな y どんな.\n\nI'd like to know more about their usage, so I'd like to ask two questions:\n\n 1. Are 感じ and 風 always interchangeable? My impressions is that 感じ is more causal, but besides that I don't see any other difference.\n 2. How are 感じ and 風 different to the series こう, そう, ああ and どう? I mean when the latter are used to talk about the manner of an action.\n\nAnything else you wish to share beyond these two questions is welcome because\nI can't find much (in English) about these usages.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-06T17:54:15.230",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80522",
"last_activity_date": "2022-04-14T00:31:21.030",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "35229",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"words"
],
"title": "感じ and 風 to talk about how to do something",
"view_count": 176
}
|
[
{
"body": "I also didn't feel competent enough to post an answer at first, but the\ncomment got too long so here it is.\n\n### Summary\n\nThey are indeed similar in usage, however I would say that 感じ is used quite\ncasually, as opposed to 風.\n\n### Details and examples\n\nTo give an example, here is a real text message from a close Japanese friend:\n\n> 私は今日はちょっと早めに寝て、早めに起きようかなって感じ\n\nMeaning \"Today I went to bed a little early, so I think I'll get up a bit\nearly\". The 「って感じ」 part is translated only as nuance here. In spoken English,\nsomeone might say \"I'll, like, get up early too\", which would be comparable.\n\nThere are dozens of occasions where she used the same 「という感じ」 (or its more\ncasual form 「って感じ」), but the only occasion where she used 「というふうに」 was when\nshe quoted her Manager from work.\n\n### Final notes\n\nI hope this gives you an idea about the difference in nuance and usage of\nthese two similar phrases. A quick google search yielded nothing more of\nvalue, but maybe someone with deeper knowledge of Japanese, maybe a native\nspeaker, could illuminate further.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2022-04-14T00:31:21.030",
"id": "94104",
"last_activity_date": "2022-04-14T00:31:21.030",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18881",
"parent_id": "80522",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
80522
| null |
94104
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "日本は集団主義、序列社会である。ものを大事にし、他者への配慮、思いやりを理解すべし\n\nI'm struggling to work out the precise function of the し in ものを大事にし here.\n\nWell - I'm quite sure it is the し particle for linking clauses, but the lack\nof a dictionary form before it is putting me off.\n\nSurely it should be ものを大事にするし?\n\nI get お大事に is an expression - that means it would just get the し at the end\nwith nothing in between? (I would have thought [NOUN]を大事に would be different\nseeing as though it is different..",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-06T20:04:48.270",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80523",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-07T04:39:51.553",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-07T04:33:02.520",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "40227",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"renyōkei"
],
"title": "Can you use the し particle without dictionary forms?",
"view_count": 78
}
|
[
{
"body": "し is the 連用形 of する. The 連用形 is often used as a conjunctive like the て form,\nbut is more formal.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-06T20:21:52.833",
"id": "80524",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-06T20:21:52.833",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9971",
"parent_id": "80523",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80523
| null |
80524
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 身近[に]{L}親しい異性がいたらよかったのにね\n\nWhat is the function of the particle に after 身近?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-06T21:19:20.210",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80526",
"last_activity_date": "2020-10-08T16:13:25.580",
"last_edit_date": "2020-10-08T16:13:25.580",
"last_editor_user_id": "78",
"owner_user_id": "39797",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"particle-に"
],
"title": "身近に親しい異性がいたらよかったのにね - Particle に",
"view_count": 112
}
|
[
{
"body": "This に is just a location marker. It's the same に as in 部屋に or 日本に. When used\nas a noun, 身近 refers to places near you, or familiar places you go to\nfrequently (home, school, office, station, ...).\n\n> 身近に親しい異性がいたらよかったのにね。\n>\n> It would have been nice for you/me to have someone of the opposite sex close\n> by.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-08T04:59:00.763",
"id": "80544",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-08T04:59:00.763",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80526",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
80526
| null |
80544
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80529",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm trying to read an internet novel, but I got stuck on some questions with\nomitted words. The text and my partial translation is below. It's the very\nbeginning of the novel, so it's all the context there is.\n\n> 最終電車を見送る駅長。しかし去ったはずの最終電車が戻ってくると、そこには銃を持った男が乗っていた……。\n>\n> The stationmaster is seeing the last train off. However, when the last train\n> that was supposed to leave comes back, a man with a gun gets on it.\n>\n> 男の目的は何か？ 駅の待合室で男が語る物語は？\n\nHow to understand what words are omitted in the last two sentences?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-06T21:30:37.517",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80527",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-07T01:22:02.323",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-06T22:29:49.520",
"last_editor_user_id": "11792",
"owner_user_id": "39405",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"verbs",
"questions",
"ellipsis"
],
"title": "Understanding questions with ommited words",
"view_count": 77
}
|
[
{
"body": "i think i found the short story you’re referring to. what you’ve quoted is\nfrom the summary of the story. though in my opinion it reads more like a\nteaser. the genre is horror or suspense. (technically the summary says it’s\nhorror but to me the story reads more like suspense with a good dash of\nhorror.)\n\nthe teaser is from the two sentence fragments you’re unsure about.\n\n男の目的は何か？ seems to be pregnant with much possibility. what did the man have in\nmind? what was his plan of action? there’s much that can be read into these\nvague words. i’m not very good at translating, but i would render this first\nfragment along the lines of “did this man have some kind of objective?” but\ni’m already reading too much into it.\n\n駅の待合室で男が語る物語は？ seems easier to understand but i had to start reading the story\nto make much sense of it just because i couldn’t make a connection between the\ntwo fragments—they’re just very incongruous next to each other. “what was the\nstory the man told in the station waiting room?” but again i’m reading a lot\ninto this.\n\nboth these sentences are cliff hangers meant to grab you. i don’t think a\nnative japanese would really be able tell you definitively how to finish those\nfragments. they’re meant to grab you and make you ask, “what’s going on here?”\n\njust the juxtaposition of a man suddenly appearing with a gun from the train\nthat should not have returned and then the almost benign sounding second\nteaser about someone telling a story makes you wonder what could be going on\nhere.\n\nand truly the story does start off very horrifically.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-07T01:14:32.730",
"id": "80529",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-07T01:22:02.323",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-07T01:22:02.323",
"last_editor_user_id": "4875",
"owner_user_id": "4875",
"parent_id": "80527",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80527
|
80529
|
80529
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80532",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was reading a novel and then I saw this following sentence:\n\n''でも、まぁ草薙にはいろいろ迷惑かけてるし、なんか今日はサービスしてあげてもいいかなぁ、とね''\n\nWhat's the function of とね?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-07T01:40:03.687",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80530",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-07T03:45:48.373",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40013",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"translation",
"particle-と",
"questions",
"anime"
],
"title": "Meaning of ''とね''",
"view_count": 356
}
|
[
{
"body": "It's filler ね, which is semantically meaningless, inserted after と, which, on\nthe other hand, some predicate would follow if it was not omitted.\n\n…いいかなぁと思ってやったんです (I did it because I thought it would be nice ...)↓\n\n…いいかなぁとね、思ってね、やったんです↓\n\n…いいかなぁとね…",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-07T03:45:48.373",
"id": "80532",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-07T03:45:48.373",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "80530",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80530
|
80532
|
80532
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80534",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "日本の英語教育がゴミということに気づかされた。\n\nI know the vocabulary but I don't understand what is \"という\" doing there. Also,\nI would like to know what form is 気づく using. I went through all my notes but\ncouldn't find anything.\n\nFinally, if it's not too much to ask, could you please correct my English if I\ngot anything wrong? Thank you in advance.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-07T03:42:02.317",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80531",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-07T04:23:34.137",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "39755",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning"
],
"title": "Could you please help me break this sentence down?",
"view_count": 270
}
|
[
{
"body": "気づかす： to make (someone) realize\n\n気づかされた : I was made to realize\n\nことに気付かされた： I was made to realize the fact\n\n日本の英語教育がゴミ **という** ことに気付かされた: I was made to realize the fact **that** English\neducation in Japan is trash.\n\nBecause こと is a noun, you need some form to modify a noun to connect the\nclause that says 日本の英語教育がゴミ（だ）. Now, と as in という is a particle that indicates\na quote, and いう is \"to say\" in a form that can modify a noun.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-07T04:23:34.137",
"id": "80534",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-07T04:23:34.137",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "80531",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
] |
80531
|
80534
|
80534
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80541",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Example 1:\n\n> **先生 に 叱られた**\n\nExample 2:\n\n> **先生 から 叱られた**\n\nDo these sentences imply the same meaning or no ?\n\n_**i.e I was scolded by my teacher**_",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-07T10:54:46.337",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80536",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-09T17:57:37.343",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "39695",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-に",
"particle-から"
],
"title": "What is the difference in nuance by using から and between に with the passive verb?",
"view_count": 151
}
|
[
{
"body": "Your sentences mean the same thing specifically in the case of 叱れる, but に and\nから are not always interchangeable in passive-form sentences. The default\nparticle to use in passive constructions is に - it is used to mark the agent\nfrom which something is being done. There are times when you can use から\ninstead, such in cases where abstract, non-physical actions are involved. That\nis why both 先生に叱られた and 先生から叱られた are possible. I don't think there is any\ndifference in nuance between the two. から is usually only used instead of に in\nsentences where there are two instances of に since that can make a sentence\nsomewhat confusing. There are some examples of that in the first link below.\n\nMore info on passive forms:\n\n * <https://www.wasabi-jpn.com/japanese-grammar/japanese-passive-form/>\n * <http://www.guidetojapanese.org/causepass.html>\n * <https://www.tofugu.com/japanese-grammar/verb-passive-form-rareru/>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-07T18:47:15.580",
"id": "80541",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-07T19:25:47.893",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-07T19:25:47.893",
"last_editor_user_id": "25875",
"owner_user_id": "25875",
"parent_id": "80536",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "I think there is a delicate difference. For me, から have a nuance that one\nkeeps distance from the teacher.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-09T17:57:37.343",
"id": "80569",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-09T17:57:37.343",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36126",
"parent_id": "80536",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
80536
|
80541
|
80541
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80548",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I want to say \"I don't know of any delicious restaurant.\", and I'm not sure\nhow to say this :\n\n * 何も美味しいレストランを知りません.\n * 美味しいレストランは一つも知りません.\n\nBut is it grammatically correct to put a noun after 何も ? which one sounds\nnatural ?\n\nThank you for your help :)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-07T12:48:45.140",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80537",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-09T01:56:12.560",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "39148",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "何も followed by a noun",
"view_count": 180
}
|
[
{
"body": "The latter is more natural, although the former is understandable. 何も知らない and\nひとつも知らない both roughly mean \"to know nothing\", but 何も知らない is usually about your\nknowledge about one particular topic. On the other hand, ひとつも知らない (\"don't know\neven one\") is about the number of items you know.\n\nThe position of 何も／ひとつも is flexible, and it can be either before or after\n美味しいレストランは. The following sentences are equally fine.\n\n * 美味しいレストランは一つも知りません。\n * 一つも美味しいレストランは知りません。",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-08T16:10:44.933",
"id": "80548",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-09T01:56:12.560",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-09T01:56:12.560",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80537",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80537
|
80548
|
80548
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80543",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm reading Harry Potter And The Goblet Of Fire. In chapter 18, the Rita\nSkeeter character appears for the first time (it's an obnoxious paparazzi\nwoman) and she uses this sentence ender that I haven't seen before.\n\nSome example sentences:\n\n> すてきざんすわ \n> あんなガヤガヤした所にはいたくないざんしょ \n> だって、最年少の代表選手ざんしょ....ちょっと味つけにね？\n\nIt's probably not terribly important but I'm interested what \"flavor\" it's\nsupposed to add to her speach. I read somewhere that it is used in anime/manga\nbut I don't watch all that much anime or read manga so I haven't encountered\nthis before.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-07T14:54:37.340",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80538",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-08T04:22:57.837",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "38417",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"nuances",
"sentence-final-particles"
],
"title": "Nuance of ざんす / ざんしょ as a sentence ender",
"view_count": 155
}
|
[
{
"body": "It's from old\n[山の手言葉](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E3%81%AE%E6%89%8B%E8%A8%80%E8%91%89).\nざます/ざぁます/ざんす used to be actively used in the past among classy madams in\n[Yamanote regions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamanote_and_Shitamachi), but\ntoday it's used mainly in fiction as role language of snobbish people and\nnouveau riche (usually middle-aged or older).\n\n> 現在では金持ちや成金、上品ぶった人、あるいはいわゆる「教育ママ」などを表す役割語として使われることがある。\n\nThe most famous user of ざます in fiction is probably [Suneo's\nmother](https://doraemon.fandom.com/wiki/Suneo%27s_mother).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-08T04:22:57.837",
"id": "80543",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-08T04:22:57.837",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80538",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
80538
|
80543
|
80543
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80542",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Character gets wounded by a sword slash and replies with this line.\n\n> びっくりした。今の感じでもっと強くね\n\nDoes 強く describe 感じ here?\n\nIs he saying he's more sensitive right now? If not, what is it describing? Do\nyou normally end sentences with an adverb?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-07T15:07:27.443",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80539",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-08T04:02:32.253",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33414",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "How do I understand this sentence which ends in an adverb",
"view_count": 103
}
|
[
{
"body": "The person who got wounded is a teacher, right?\n\n * 今の感じ refers to the \"feeling\" of the slash he just saw and took.\n * You can end a sentence with an adverb, or you can even make an adverb-only sentence, if the corresponding verb is easily inferred from the context. Here he is clearly trying to say もっと強くして or もっと強く斬って. (English speakers can say \"Faster!\" or \"Stronger!\", too, when the verb can be inferred.)\n * 強く does not directly modify 感じ (see the translation below).\n\n> 今の感じでもっと強くね \n> Like this, but (make it) stronger, okay?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-08T04:02:32.253",
"id": "80542",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-08T04:02:32.253",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80539",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
80539
|
80542
|
80542
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80545",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 精霊の身体は人間より遥かに強靭だからな。毒でも呑ませてみようか。ああ、それならば麻薬を打ってみるの **もありか** ……\n\nThe speaker was offering some ways to torment a 精霊.\n\nHi. Does the もありか mean “OK”? But I can only find the word 在り処(ありか), which\nmeans “whereabouts” in dictionaries. Does the ありか come from あるか, which\nindicates existence?\n\nThank you.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-07T16:02:55.217",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80540",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-08T05:22:01.753",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-07T22:11:50.893",
"last_editor_user_id": "78",
"owner_user_id": "36662",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"set-phrases"
],
"title": "Meaning and origin of もありか?",
"view_count": 189
}
|
[
{
"body": "This もありか is three words, も + あり + か.\n\n * **も** is \"also\".\n * **あり** (also written as アリ, from the masu-stem of 有る) is a noun that roughly means \"a good idea\", \"a possible solution\", etc. \n * [Is アリ in そんなのアリかよ⁉︎ some type of slang?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/43481/5010)\n * [Understanding ありやな](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/4642/5010)\n * **か** is a question marker, which in this sentence means \"..., I guess\".\n\n> ああ、それならば麻薬を打ってみるのもありか…… \n> Oh, in this case, trying narcotic drugs will be good, too, I guess.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-08T05:22:01.753",
"id": "80545",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-08T05:22:01.753",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80540",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80540
|
80545
|
80545
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80549",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am watching this video of a Japanese girl covering a rock song, and she uses\nthe word 悪魔 in an odd way (at least for me), I think it is being used as a\n`の-adjective`.\n\n1st sentence (<https://youtu.be/G--hl5yMBSo?t=7>):\n\n> 悪魔の時間がやってきました。The devil's time has come. (?)\n\nor maybe something like: `The time of truth has come`?\n\n2nd (<https://youtu.be/G--hl5yMBSo?t=47>):\n\n> 悪魔のチューニングをしていきたいと思います。- I would like to do this goddamn tuning.\n\nAt this point I feel like 悪魔 would mean something close to \"damn\" or \"damned\",\nis it correct?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-08T05:53:04.557",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80546",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-08T21:42:24.763",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-08T07:17:23.523",
"last_editor_user_id": "16104",
"owner_user_id": "16104",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"words",
"slang",
"adjectives"
],
"title": "Can 悪魔 mean something else other than devilish / demonic?",
"view_count": 208
}
|
[
{
"body": "Instead of standard guitar tuning (from lowest string to highest, EADGBE), the\nsong she is playing (\"Chop Suey,\" by System of a Down) uses a non-standard\ntuning (CGCFAD). She is **referring to this non-standard tuning as 悪魔のチューニング,\nor \"the devil's tuning.\"**\n\nSo when she says\n\n> 悪魔の時間がやってきました\n\nit just means\n\n> \"It's time for [that song that uses] the devil ['s tuning].\"\n\nAnd when she says\n\n> 悪魔のチューニングをしていきたいと思います\n\nshe's simply announcing that she's going to retune her guitar to put it into\nthis special tuning.\n\nFor what it's worth, in English the tuning she's using here is **not**\ncommonly called \"the devil's tuning,\" but [\"drop C\ntuning.\"](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drop_C_tuning) When the term \"the\ndevil's tuning\" is used in English (as\n[here](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NMg7nnz_dvk) and\n[here](http://es.gibson.com/News-Lifestyle/Features/en-us/robert-\njohnson-0507.aspx)), it generally refers to a tuning that includes at least\none [tritone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tritone), the so-called \"devil's\ninterval.\"",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-08T18:39:33.323",
"id": "80549",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-08T21:42:24.763",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-08T21:42:24.763",
"last_editor_user_id": "33934",
"owner_user_id": "33934",
"parent_id": "80546",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80546
|
80549
|
80549
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "As 人気 is a noun and な-adjective, it can be used in these phrases:\n\n> 人気 **のある** 映画 \n> 人気 **がある** 映画 \n> 人気 **の** 映画 \n> 人気 **な** 映画 \n> 人気映画\n\nTo me, they all mean ‘popular movie’, but the first 2 literally mean ‘movie\nthat has popularity’ because of the relative clause. Is there any\ndifferences/nuances between these phrases, or are they all identical in\nmeaning?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-08T11:08:59.533",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80547",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-08T11:08:59.533",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "22859",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"nuances",
"nouns",
"na-adjectives"
],
"title": "What is the difference between 人気のある, 人気がある, 人気の, and 人気な?",
"view_count": 39
}
|
[] |
80547
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80552",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was watching [this video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=alJxKjxNhkg)\n(pretty funny by the way) and the title stuck out to me.\n\n> **ダルい** 上司の打ち合わせ回避する方法考えた\n\nTypically, ダルい would mean that you feel very tired/lethargic. However, in this\ncase the boss is actually a little too energetic and instead seems to be\ncausing his subordinates to become だるい as opposed to being だるい himself.\nSurprisingly, the\n[jisho](https://jisho.org/search/%E3%83%80%E3%83%AB%E3%81%84) definition 2\nseems correct:\n\n * bothersome; tiresome; pain-in-the-ass\n\nbut I can't find any Japanese language sources for this.\n\n * 大辞林 : ①疲れていて，からだに力がない。動くのがおっくうである。 「熱があるのか体が－・い」\n * デジタル大辞泉 : 疲れや病気などで、からだを動かすのがおっくうである。かったるい。\n\nCan anyone provide a Japanese language source for this usage?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-09T01:19:04.857",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80550",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-09T09:14:08.873",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10045",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"words",
"slang"
],
"title": "Slang meaning of ダルい",
"view_count": 937
}
|
[
{
"body": "ダルい can indeed mean both \"tired\" and \"tiresome\" depending on the context.\nHowever, the same thing is true with [many other i-adjectives related to\nemotion](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/66390/5010), and monolingual\ndictionaries may not distinguish them explicitly as English speakers might\nexpect. For example, 楽しい means both \"is having fun\" and \"makes you have fun\",\nbut デジタル大辞泉 [has only one\ndefinition](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/%E6%A5%BD%E3%81%97%E3%81%84/#jn-138112)\nthat vaguely covers both of these two meanings in English.\n\nダルい上司 usually refers to an annoying boss who often makes you tired, not a boss\nwho is tired. Likewise, ダルい打ち合わせ refers to a tiresome meeting. (I don't know\nwhether ダルい in your title modifies 上司 only or 上司の打ち合わせ as a whole. It's not\nimportant in this context.) Also note that this usage of ダルい meaning\n\"tiresome\" is slangy, which may be another reason why it's not explicitly\nexplained in monolingual dictionaries (yet).",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-09T08:51:51.967",
"id": "80552",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-09T09:14:08.873",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-09T09:14:08.873",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80550",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
] |
80550
|
80552
|
80552
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Both mean squid but is there any difference between the use of hiragana or\nkatakana?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-09T09:15:24.047",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80553",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-09T17:16:28.390",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40252",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"nuances",
"animals"
],
"title": "Nuance between いか and イカ?",
"view_count": 191
}
|
[
{
"body": "I heard somewhere that animals can be written in katakana to make they seem\nmore cute or playful.\n\nExamples: 鴨: ooh, so foreign, fancy かも: standard カモ: playful, cute, childish,\nadvertising appeal",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-09T10:29:40.583",
"id": "80555",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-09T10:29:40.583",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "40253",
"parent_id": "80553",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "イカ is used more frequently. いか is Japanese style, cute and childish. イカ is\nstandard and scientific.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-09T17:16:28.390",
"id": "80567",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-09T17:16:28.390",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "36126",
"parent_id": "80553",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
80553
| null |
80567
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I already knew てしまう and 切る and the difference between their uses, although I\nstill wouldn't say I have a strong understanding of their nuances. After going\nthrough some N3 grammar, I found that using 上げる after the masu stem can mean\nto finish doing. But there surely must be a different nuance to this right? So\nhow would these sentences differ for example:\n\n宿題をしてしまった (I'm right in thinking this one is unnatural right?) 宿題をしきった 宿題をし上げた\nAnd then of course 宿題が終わった\n\nIf you can give me any help, thanks very much! It's my first time using this\nsite so よろしくお願いします！",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-09T10:05:11.933",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80554",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-11T01:35:23.370",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-09T11:14:43.103",
"last_editor_user_id": "40251",
"owner_user_id": "40251",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"nuances"
],
"title": "What is the difference between using てしまう, 切る, and 上げる to say to finish doing?",
"view_count": 1398
}
|
[
{
"body": "* `Vて + しまう` works with **any** action verb. The nuance is \"although possibly undesirable/unnecessary, finish/do it anyway\". \n\n> * 夕食の前に宿題をやってしまおう。\n> * その教科書は全部読んでしまった。\n\n * `V切る` works with **many** (but certainly not all) verbs. The nuance is \"with much effort\", \"exhaustively\", \"every last one\", \"finally\". \n\n> * 5日かけて夏休みの宿題をやり切った。\n> * 彼はフルマラソンを走りきった。\n\n * `V上げる` works only with **a few** verbs usually related to producing something. The nuance is \"finish creating something\". \n\n> * 3時間で宿題の作文を書き上げた。\n> * 彼は素晴らしい芸術作品を作り上げた。\n\n * `V終える` is explicit, and works with **any** action verb. There is no strange implication, just \"finish V-ing\". \n\n> * 宿題をやり終えた。\n> * 映画を見終えた。\n\nV終える is a very simple and neutral grammar pattern, but others should be used\nwith caution. As you probably know, Vてしまう has several related but different\nusages. V切る and V上げる are basically **lexicalized** compound verbs, and you\nshould check the meaning of each verb using a dictionary or [this\nlexicon](https://db4.ninjal.ac.jp/vvlexicon/en/). 飲み切る means \"to drink up\" but\n噛み切る does not mean \"to finish biting\". 書き上げる means \"to write up; to finish\nwriting\" but 読み上げる does not mean \"to finish reading\".",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-11T01:35:23.370",
"id": "80596",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-11T01:35:23.370",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80554",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
}
] |
80554
| null |
80596
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "80557",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "This sentence is translated as: [\"In the end I could never beat him, not even\nonce\"](https://japanesetest4you.com/flashcard/learn-\njlpt-n4-vocabulary-%E5%8B%9D%E3%81%A4-katsu/) by JTest4You\n\n> 結局彼には、一度も勝てなかった\n\nSo the agent in **I** which is assumed here. But I was under the impression\nthat for passive/potential verbs the agent is what attaches to **に**.\n\nWhat is the correct grammar of **には** here ?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-09T10:39:40.783",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80556",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-09T15:17:40.570",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "39695",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particles",
"potential-form"
],
"title": "には agent or object of the potential form?",
"view_count": 77
}
|
[
{
"body": "If a verb normally takes に in active voice, it usually retains its original\nrole in a potential sentence.\n\nVerbs that do not take に in active voice:\n\n * 私には見えます。 I can see it.\n * 彼には食べられます。 He can eat it.\n * 君には分からない。 You cannot understand this.\n\nVerbs that take に in active voice:\n\n * 東京には行けます。 It's possible to go to Tokyo.\n * この部屋には入れない。 You cannot enter this room.\n * 彼には勝てなかった。 I could not defeat him.\n * 彼女には会える。 You can meet her.\n * 親には見せられない。 You cannot show this to my parents.\n\nThis is not necessarily true in _passive_ sentences. For example, 親に見せられた is\nambiguous and it means either \"Someone showed it to my parents (against my\nwill)\" or \"My parents showed it to me (against my will)\" depending on the\ncontext.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-09T11:26:18.433",
"id": "80557",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-09T15:17:40.570",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-09T15:17:40.570",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "80556",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
80556
|
80557
|
80557
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "これは冷やして食べるものなのですか\n\nI did some searching but nothing seemed to quite explain what I'm looking for.\n\nI'm assuming the second の is the explanatory の, but what is ものな? Are the もの\nand な separate? They feel that way to me.\n\nThanks.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-09T14:30:16.993",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80560",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-09T16:17:29.013",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "38808",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-choice"
],
"title": "What is the function of ものな in this sentence?",
"view_count": 106
}
|
[
{
"body": "If it had been written as:\n\n> これは冷やして食べるものだ\n\nwould it have made sense to you?\n\n> これは冷やして食べるものだ\n\nmeans \"this is something to eat cold.\" But generally, Japanese is pretty\nexplicit about how information is being conveyed in a way which is alien to\nEnglish. When giving an _explanation_ or asking for _clarification_ the\nJapanese will indicate this by tacking\n\n> のです\n\nto the end. Here the speaker is asking for clarification, so\n\n> のですか\n\nis tacked onto the end.\n\nHowever, \"の\" is a nominalizer which means before it だ needs to be changed to な\n\n> これは冷やして食べるものだ + のですか\n\nbecomes\n\n> これは冷やして食べるものなのですか\n\nWhich in English just translates to \"Is this something something to eat cold?\"\nIn English, the nuance of のですか is completely lost.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-09T16:17:29.013",
"id": "80564",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-09T16:17:29.013",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4875",
"parent_id": "80560",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80560
| null |
80564
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "先 looks like a teacher holding a pen, and 生 looks like a person sitting cross-\nlegged with a pen, learning. maybe the symbols together mean someone who\ninstructs someone else. Was this originally a Pictogram? just thought that was\ncool...",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-09T16:39:45.613",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "80566",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-09T23:16:35.360",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-09T23:16:35.360",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "40256",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"etymology",
"false-etymology"
],
"title": "先生 character etymology",
"view_count": 165
}
|
[
{
"body": "Note that 先生 does not strictly mean \"teacher\". 先生 is used as a title toward\nmany types of superiours/leaders with some kind of expertise: teachers,\ndoctors, lawyers, politicians, even the pastor at my Christian church. See\n[this link](https://www.tofugu.com/japanese/sensei/) for more information\nabout applicability.\n\n> 先 - Means \"previous\" or \"before\" \n> 生 - Means \"live\" or \"born\"\n\nIt basically means someone who has lived through a certain skill/experience\nmore than you.\n\nSo no, as @sbkgs4686 linked in their comment, the etymology of the characters\nhas nothing to do with pens, and only that of 先 is even related to a person.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-09T17:39:15.227",
"id": "80568",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-09T17:39:15.227",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "78",
"parent_id": "80566",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
80566
| null |
80568
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.