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The War on Drugs is a huge failure with devastating unintended consequences. | [
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It led to mass incarceration in the US, to corruption, political destabilization and violence in Latin America, Asia and Africa, to systemic human rights abuses across the world. | [
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It negatively affected the lives of millions of people. | [
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How could this happen? | [
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The core strategy of the War on Drugs is no drugs, no problems. | [
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So almost all of the efforts in the last few decades have been focused on eradicating the supply of drugs and incarcerating drug traffickers. | [
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But this ignores the most fundamental of market forces, supply and demand. | [
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If you reduce the supply of anything without reducing the demand first, its price goes up. | [
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This might lower sales for many products, but not for drugs. | [
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The drugs market is not price sensitive. | [
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Drugs will be consumed no matter what they cost. | [
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So the effect is to encourage production of more drugs and recruitment of more traffickers, which increases availability. | [
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This is also known as the balloon effect. | [
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Even if drug production or a major supply route is destroyed, the supply for the end user is not reduced. | [
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A perfect example of this is crystal meth. | [
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The US government tried to stop its production by strictly regulating the sale of chemicals used to manufacture the drug. | [
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This forced big meth producers out of business, but the unintended consequences were that thousands of small-scale operations started all over the country, | [
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In response to this, some US states wanted to reduce the supply of homegrown meth by regulating even more chemicals, which reduced small-scale meth production drastically. | [
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In the 1980s, Switzerland experienced a public health crisis related to heroin use. | [
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So there are methods that are not only way cheaper, but also actually work instead of creating more problems. | [
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Drug prohibition led to a system that bulldozes human rights, costs vast sums of money and creates a lot of human misery. | [
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After 40 years of fighting, it's time to finally end the war on drugs and move on to something better. | [
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This video was supported by the Open Society Foundations and by viewer donations on Patreon. | [
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If you want to learn more about how you can influence drug policy, check out the Stop the Harm campaign. | [
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We finally have some merchandise. | [
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If you want your own Kurzgesagt poster, T-shirt, mug or stickers of little monsters, you can get them now at the DFTBA store. | [
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The universe is incredibly big and seems full of potential for life, with billions of habitable planets. | [
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If an advanced civilization had the technology to travel between the stars at just 0.1% of the speed of light, it could colonize our galaxy in roughly 100 million years. | [
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This is the Fermi Paradox, which we've discussed in more detail in other videos. | [
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We desperately want to know if we are alone in the Milky Way. | [
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Maybe the civilizations that attracted attention in the past were wiped away by invisible arrows. | [
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This is the Dark Forest solution to the Fermi Paradox. | [
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Another night has passed without incident. | [
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The forest is dark and full of fog. | [
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He considers calling out to others to end his loneliness, but stops himself at the last moment. | [
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All living things seek to survive, secure resources, and multiply. | [
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Their greatest obstacle are other living things that share the same objective. | [
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Competition between species favored the survival of beings with advantageous traits. | [
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Their ancestors were inventive, competitive, expansionist, and greedy for resources, which led them to winning the competition for our planet. | [
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Today, most other animals are so utterly at our mercy that we wipe out about a dozen species a day just as an unintentional byproduct of how we like to run things. | [
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So far the progress of the modern world seems to have made us more peaceful, not more violent. | [
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