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Geography
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[
{
"section_header": "Conquest",
"text": "Mausolus, although descended from local people, spoke Greek and admired the Greek way of life and government."
}
] |
xz60rjBah2FrxH0lfavH
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Conquest",
"text": "Mausolus, although descended from local people, spoke Greek and admired the Greek way of life and government."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The Mausoleum of Halicarnassus resembled a temple and the only way to tell the difference"
},
{
"section_header": "Dimensions and statues",
"text": "He wrote some basic facts about the architecture and some dimensions."
},
{
"section_header": "Conquest",
"text": "Mausolus extended his territory as far as the southwest coast of Anatolia, invading in particular the territory of Lycia, remarkable for its numerous monumental tombs such as the Tombs of Xanthos, from which he took his inspiration for his mausoleum."
},
{
"section_header": "Later history of the Mausoleum",
"text": "Research done by archeologists in the 1960s shows that long before the knights came, grave robbers had dug a tunnel under the grave chamber, stealing its contents."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence on modern architecture",
"text": "Modern buildings whose designs were based upon or influenced by interpretations of the design of the Mausoleum of Mausolus include PNC Tower in Cincinnati; the Civil Courts Building in St. Louis; the National Newark Building in Newark, New Jersey; Grant's Tomb and 26 Broadway in New York City; Los Angeles City Hall; the Shrine of Remembrance in Melbourne; the spire of St. George's Church, Bloomsbury in London; the Indiana War Memorial ("
},
{
"section_header": "Conquest",
"text": "He founded many cities of Greek design along the coast and encouraged Greek democratic traditions."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The mausoleum was Halicarnassus' principal architectural monument, standing in a dominant position on rising ground above the harbor."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus or Tomb of Mausolus (Ancient Greek: Μαυσωλεῖον τῆς Ἁλικαρνασσοῦ; Turkish: Halikarnas Mozolesi) was a tomb built between 353 and 350 BC in Halicarnassus (present Bodrum, Turkey) for Mausolus, a native Anatolian from Caria and a satrap in the Achaemenid Empire, and his sister-wife Artemisia II of Caria."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The structure was designed by the Greek architects Satyros and Pythius of Priene."
}
] |
Mausolus was not, despite his long fascination with their particular architecture and way of doing things, Greek.
| 1 | 4 |
Mausoleum at Halicarnassus
|
History
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Between 4:00 and 4:15 the next morning, Roosevelt died in his sleep at Sagamore Hill after a blood clot had detached from a vein and traveled to his lungs."
}
] |
xz78qIBWQzAfULhfoMFT
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1901–1909) | Domestic policies | Railroads",
"text": "Roosevelt worked with the Democratic Senator Benjamin Tillman to pass the bill."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Between 4:00 and 4:15 the next morning, Roosevelt died in his sleep at Sagamore Hill after a blood clot had detached from a vein and traveled to his lungs."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Roosevelt was elected to a full term in 1904 and continued to promote progressive policies, many of which were passed in Congress."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1901–1909) | Domestic policies | Trust busting and regulation",
"text": "Roosevelt successfully appealed to the public to pressure Congress, and Congress overwhelmingly voted to pass Roosevelt's version of the bill."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1901–1909) | Second term",
"text": "As his second term progressed, Roosevelt moved to the left of his Republican Party base and called for a series of reforms, most of which Congress failed to pass."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "He was 60 years old. Upon receiving word of his death, his son Archibald telegraphed his siblings: \"The old lion is dead.\" Woodrow Wilson's vice president, Thomas R. Marshall, said that \"Death had to take Roosevelt sleeping, for if he had been awake, there would have been a fight."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1901–1909) | Domestic policies | Pure food and drugs",
"text": "Roosevelt responded to public anger over the abuses in the food packing industry by pushing Congress to pass the Meat Inspection Act of 1906 and the Pure Food and Drug Act."
},
{
"section_header": "Early political career | Presidential election of 1884",
"text": "The state GOP preferred the incumbent president, New York City's Chester Arthur, who was known for passing the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act."
},
{
"section_header": "Final years",
"text": "Though he was outraged by the Wilson Administration's conclusion of a treaty that expressed \"sincere regret\" for the way in which the United States had acquired the Panama Canal Zone, he was impressed by many of the reforms passed under Wilson."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-presidency | Election of 1912 | Assassination attempt",
"text": "The bullet lodged in his chest after penetrating his steel eyeglass case and passing through a thick (50 pages) single-folded copy of the speech titled \"Progressive Cause Greater Than Any Individual\", which he was carrying in his jacket."
}
] |
Roosevelt passed while he was sleeping.
| 1 | 6 |
Theodore Roosevelt
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Allusions to the novel",
"text": "It is the first novel he ever read, and he expects Iowa to have the same grass \"the color of wine stains\" that Cather describes of Nebraska."
}
] |
xzF8W3ZQ3it59Z3YkxrR
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "James Quayle \"Jim\" Burden The narrator and protagonist of the novel, Jim grows up in Black Hawk, Nebraska from age 10 and becomes a successful lawyer in New York City."
},
{
"section_header": "Allusions to the novel",
"text": "It is the first novel he ever read, and he expects Iowa to have the same grass \"the color of wine stains\" that Cather describes of Nebraska."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "Jim is now a successful New York lawyer but trapped in an unhappy and childless marriage to a wealthy, activist woman."
},
{
"section_header": "Allusions to the novel",
"text": "\" This is how they came to settle in Black Hawk on the Nebraska prairie."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Books",
"text": "Willa Cather’s Nebraska novels and the myth of the frontier Grin, Munich, ISBN 978"
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Stage",
"text": "The production received an Ivey Award, and toured Minnesota in 2012, 2013, and Nebraska in 2019.adapted the novel for the stage"
},
{
"section_header": "Allusions to the novel",
"text": "After LaVerne's husband, Robert Stack, dies in an airplane racing accident, Burke Devlin sends LaVerne and her son, Jack, on a plane to Chicago, which will connect them to their next flight to Nebraska to start a new life."
},
{
"section_header": "Allusions to the novel",
"text": "The Echo Maker the character Mark Schluter reads My Ántonia on the recommendation of his nurse, who notes that it is \"[A] very sexy story. ... About a young Nebraska country boy who has the hots for an older woman\" (page 240)."
},
{
"section_header": "Allusions to the novel",
"text": "In Richard Powers' 2006 novel"
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Books",
"text": "-3-640-14909-4 Ying, Hsiao-ling (1999) The Quest for Self-actualization: Female protagonists in Willa Cather's Prairie trilogy Bookman Books, Taipei, Taiwan, ISBN 957-586-795-5"
}
] |
The protagonist of the novel is James Quayle, a lawyer practicing in Nebraska.
| 3 | 3 |
My Antonia
|
Literature
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It follows a Dutch-American villager in colonial America named Rip Van Winkle who meets mysterious Dutchmen, imbibes their liquor and falls asleep in the Catskill Mountains."
}
] |
xzQVhKhDJ7NFk5fE7rsN
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Themes and literary forerunners",
"text": "He finds some men drinking in the woods and, after drinking some of their wine, he falls asleep."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Instead, he begins to drink some of their liquor and soon falls asleep."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Cartoons and animated films",
"text": "In it, Fred falls asleep at the Slate Company picnic and dreams he has awakened 20 years in the future as an old man."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Comics",
"text": "Eventually Donald falls asleep and \"returns\" to 1950."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It follows a Dutch-American villager in colonial America named Rip Van Winkle who meets mysterious Dutchmen, imbibes their liquor and falls asleep in the Catskill Mountains."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Cartoons and animated films",
"text": "The Looney Tunes cartoon, Have You Got Any Castles? (1938), depicts Rip Van Winkle trying to fall asleep in a cuckoo clock."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Man carrying keg up the mountain - The ghost of one of Henry Hudson's crew members."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes and literary forerunners",
"text": "Finally, he encountered his younger brother, who had become an old man, and learned that he had been asleep in the cave for fifty-seven years."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "He hears his name called out and sees a man wearing antiquated Dutch clothing; he is carrying a keg up the mountain and requires help."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Cartoons and animated films",
"text": "Fred remarks that, \"Maybe I have fallen asleep for 20 years like in that Rip Van Winklestone story.\" The story was parodied in an episode of the Laurel and Hardy cartoon series entitled \"Flipped Van Winkles\"."
}
] |
The story is about a man who falls asleep in the Rocky Mountain range after drinking with magical gnomes.
| 2 | 3 |
Rip van Winkle
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "1937) about Harry Morgan, a fishing boat captain out of Key West, Florida."
}
] |
xzkGLZSOiDkUK2z8rjxo
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel depicts Harry as an ordinary working man of the Depression Era, forced by dire economic forces into the black-market activity of running contraband between Cuba and Florida."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "1937) about Harry Morgan, a fishing boat captain out of Key West, Florida."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Instead of transporting them as agreed, he murders the Chinese middle-man and puts the men ashore in Cuba."
},
{
"section_header": "Film adaptations",
"text": "The movie shifted the action to southern California and made Garfield a former PT Boat captain but is otherwise the most faithful to the original book."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "To Have and Have Not is a novel by Ernest Hemingway (publ."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "To Have and Have Not was Hemingway's second novel set in the United States, after The Torrents of Spring."
},
{
"section_header": "Film adaptations",
"text": "The novel was adapted into a 1944 film, starring Humphrey Bogart and Lauren Bacall."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The racism of the era runs through the novel in the language used by Harry and the other white Americans towards other races."
},
{
"section_header": "Background and publication history",
"text": "A second story was written and published in Esquire in 1936, at which point Hemingway decided to write a novel about Harry Morgan."
},
{
"section_header": "Background and publication history",
"text": "Cosmopolitan Magazine published a section of the novel as \"One Trip Across\" in 1934; Esquire Magazine published a section as \"The Tradesman's Return\" in 1936."
}
] |
The novel is about a man with a boat.
| 0 | 0 |
To Have and Have Not
|
Popular Culture
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The show aired on AMC from January 20, 2008 to September 29, 2013, consisting of five seasons for a total of 62 episodes."
}
] |
xzpsfCD55aG26ZTEWiDX
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The show aired on AMC from January 20, 2008 to September 29, 2013, consisting of five seasons for a total of 62 episodes."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development history",
"text": "On August 14, 2011, AMC renewed the series for a fifth and final season consisting of 16 episodes."
},
{
"section_header": "Spin-offs and adaptations | Better Call Saul",
"text": "The show premiered on February 8, 2015, and as of April 2020, finished airing its fifth season, with a sixth and final season scheduled to premiere in 2021 to complete a 63-episode run."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast and characters | Main characters",
"text": "Gus has totally allowed me that level of flexibility and relaxation – not because he has ultimate power and he knows he can take someone's life."
},
{
"section_header": "Spin-offs and adaptations | Breaking Bad: Criminal Elements",
"text": "On June 6, 2019, FTX Games released Breaking Bad: Criminal Elements, a strategy-mobile video game for both iOS and Android."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development history",
"text": "Gould stated that the writer's strike \"saved the show\", as if they had produced the two additional episodes in the first season, they would have gone down a different creative path that he believes would have led to the show's cancellation by its third season."
},
{
"section_header": "Retrospective conversations | Rian Johnson's experience on the show",
"text": "The two of them talked about every dramatic beat in a script, the distinct visual look of the show and how the tonal shift of each scene had to feel natural while serving the main storyline of the particular episode."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Technical aspects",
"text": "By the end of the fifth season, episodes had cost upwards of US$6 million to produce."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development history",
"text": "The network ordered nine episodes for the first season (including the pilot), but the 2007–08 Writers Guild of America strike limited the production to seven episodes, as well as delaying the start of production for the second season."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "However, Gilligan said by the second episode of the season, he was so impressed with Paul's performance that \"it became pretty clear early on"
}
] |
The show consisted of 6 seasons and a total of 64 episodes.
| 1 | 5 |
Breaking Bad
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Beer",
"text": "A number of beers are named for Wallace."
}
] |
y03PO318fOvYh43Pmdpd
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Gaming",
"text": "Wallace is the subject and protagonist of the tutorial campaign in realtime strategy game Age of Empires II."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Gaming",
"text": "Wallace is the protagonist of the Britain campaign in realtime strategy game Medieval II: Total War: Kingdoms."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Beer",
"text": "A number of beers are named for Wallace."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Beer",
"text": "A brewery in Bridge of Allan, Scotland, makes a Scottish ale named \"William Wallace\", and Scottish Maclays Brewery had a beer called \"Wallace\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Political crisis in Scotland",
"text": "In early November 1292, at a great feudal court held in the castle at Berwick-upon-Tweed, judgment was given in favour of John Balliol having the strongest claim in law based on being senior in genealogical primogeniture even though not in proximity of blood."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle of Falkirk",
"text": "Two days prior to the battle 25,781 foot soldiers were paid."
},
{
"section_header": "Capture and execution",
"text": "The Wallace Sword, which supposedly belonged to Wallace, although some parts were made at least 160 years later, was held for many years in Dumbarton Castle and is now in the Wallace Monument."
},
{
"section_header": "Capture and execution",
"text": "Wallace was transported to London, lodged in the house of William de Leyrer, then taken to Westminster Hall, where he was tried for treason and for atrocities against civilians in war, \"sparing neither age nor sex, monk nor nun."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle of Falkirk",
"text": "The Scots lost many men, including John de Graham."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | Marriage",
"text": "He apparently fell in love with and married a young woman named Marion Braidfute."
}
] |
Two strategy games, Age of Empires II and Medieval II, have been inspired by him and many beers have been named for Wallace.
| 4 | 5 |
William Wallace
|
Literature
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Origin and analysis",
"text": "For his original production in 1728, Gay intended all the songs to be sung without any accompaniment, adding to the shocking and gritty atmosphere of his conception."
}
] |
y1yi4fmTPEp5zcAEx1f0
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Beggar's Opera is a ballad opera in three acts written in 1728 by John Gay with music arranged by Johann Christoph Pepusch."
},
{
"section_header": "Origin and analysis",
"text": "However, a week or so before the opening night, John Rich, the theatre director, insisted on having Johann Christoph Pepusch, a composer associated with his theatre, write a formal French overture (based on two of the songs in the opera, including a fugue based on Lucy's 3rd act song \" I'm Like A Skiff on the Ocean Toss'd\") and also to arrange the 69 songs."
},
{
"section_header": "Origin and analysis",
"text": "However, all that remains of Pepusch's score are the overture (with complete instrumentation) and the melodies of the songs with unfigured basses."
},
{
"section_header": "Reaction",
"text": "The commentator notes the Beggar's last remark: \"That the lower People have their Vices in a Degree as well as the Rich, and are punished for them,\" implying that rich People are not so punished."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "1981), an adaptation of both John Gay's The Beggar's Opera and Bertolt Brecht's The Threepenny Opera; most of his characters as well as some of the arias are from the two earlier plays."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "In 1978, the Brazilian singer-songwriter Chico Buarque wrote Ópera do Malandro (1978), an adaptation of both John Gay's The Beggar's Opera and Bertolt Brecht's The Threepenny Opera, with new songs and set in 1940s Rio de Janeiro,which was later adapted as a film by director Ruy Guerra."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Some of the songs were by opera composers like Handel, but only the most popular of these were used."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "In 1946, John La Touche (book and lyrics) and Duke Ellington (music) created another musical adaptation of the work for Broadway entitled Beggar's Holiday."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "This edition is based on the 1728 printed edition and includes the full overture as detailed by Pepusch and fleshes out all of the remaining 69 airs and dances of the original 18th century production."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "In 1955 this version was recorded by conductor Sir Malcolm Sargent with John Cameron as Macheath and Monica Sinclair as Lucy."
},
{
"section_header": "Origin and analysis",
"text": "For his original production in 1728, Gay intended all the songs to be sung without any accompaniment, adding to the shocking and gritty atmosphere of his conception."
}
] |
The Beggar's Opera was written by John Gay and has 69 songs with instrumental aid, composed by Johann Christoph Pepusch, because of the interference of John Rich, who included the instrumental score last minute when John asked him to.
| 1 | 5 |
The Beggar's Opera
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plantations and slavery",
"text": "During the course of his presidency, Monroe remained convinced that slavery was wrong and supported private manumission, but at the same time he insisted that any attempt to promote a precipitous emancipation would cause more problems."
},
{
"section_header": "Slavery",
"text": "\" he rhetorically asked. \" The evil commenced when we were in our Colonial state, but acts were passed by our Colonial Legislature, prohibiting the importation, of more slaves, into the Colony."
}
] |
y2Hu5kNwQxMj9EdGM6Ha
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Slavery",
"text": "In 1832 James Renwick Willson, a Reformed Presbyterian minister in Albany, New York, criticized Monroe for having \"lived and died like a second-rate Athenian philosopher.\" Monroe owned dozens of slaves."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-presidency",
"text": "His last words were, \"I regret that I should leave this world without again beholding him.\" He referred to James Madison, who in fact was one of his best friends."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "During this time, Monroe formed a lifelong friendship with an older classmate, John Marshall."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Revolutionary War service",
"text": "During this time he formed a close friendship with the Marquis de Lafayette, a French volunteer who encouraged him to view the war as part of a wider struggle against religious and political tyranny."
},
{
"section_header": "Governor of Virginia and diplomat | Governor of Virginia",
"text": "As Governor, Monroe secretly worked with President Thomas Jefferson to secure a location where free and enslaved African Americans suspected of “conspiracy, insurgency, Treason, and rebellion” would be permanently banished."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency | Foreign affairs | Monroe Doctrine",
"text": "He did not envisage military involvement but only the provision of moral support, as he believed that a direct American intervention would provoke other European powers into assisting Spain."
},
{
"section_header": "Secretary of State and Secretary of War | Election of 1816",
"text": "Tompkins won the party's vice presidential nomination."
},
{
"section_header": "Plantations and slavery",
"text": "During the course of his presidency, Monroe remained convinced that slavery was wrong and supported private manumission, but at the same time he insisted that any attempt to promote a precipitous emancipation would cause more problems."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Revolutionary War service",
"text": "As a result of his service, Monroe became a member of the Society of the Cincinnati."
},
{
"section_header": "Early political career | Virginia politics",
"text": "During this period, Jefferson continued to serve as a mentor to Monroe, and, at Jefferson's prompting, he befriended another prominent Virginian, James Madison."
},
{
"section_header": "Slavery",
"text": "\" he rhetorically asked. \" The evil commenced when we were in our Colonial state, but acts were passed by our Colonial Legislature, prohibiting the importation, of more slaves, into the Colony."
}
] |
James Monroe employed the services of dozens of unpaid forever laborers during his time as vice president and believed it was the right of every American to have permanent employees without wages.
| 1 | 4 |
James Monroe
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "For a time, Demosthenes made his living as a professional speech-writer (logographer) and a lawyer, writing speeches for use in private legal suits."
}
] |
y35SZmLMqIckVQIj4WFp
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early years and personal life | Family and personal life",
"text": "Although his father left an estate of nearly fourteen talents (equivalent to about 220 years of a labourer's income at standard wages, or 11 million dollars in terms of median U.S. annual incomes)."
},
{
"section_header": "Works and transmission",
"text": "sixteen such speeches are included in the Demosthenic corpus; Dicanic or judicial, assessing the justice of past actions—only about ten of these are cases in which Demosthenes was personally involved, the rest were written for other speakers; Epideictic or sophistic display, attributing praise or blame, often delivered at public ceremonies—only two speeches have been included in the Demosthenic corpus, one a funeral speech that has been dismissed as a \"rather poor\" example of his work, and the other probably spurious."
},
{
"section_header": "Works and transmission",
"text": "Finally, six letters also survive under Demosthenes' name and their authorship too is hotly debated."
},
{
"section_header": "Works and transmission",
"text": "In the end, sixty-one orations attributed to Demosthenes survived till the present day (some however are pseudonymous)."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Confrontation with Philip II | Case of Meidias (348 BC)",
"text": "He stated that a democratic state perishes if the rule of law is undermined by wealthy and unscrupulous men, and that the citizens acquire power and authority in all state affairs due \"to the strength of the laws\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Works and transmission",
"text": "Irrespective of their status, the speeches attributed to Demosthenes are often grouped in three genres first defined by Aristotle: Symbouleutic or political, considering the expediency of future actions—"
},
{
"section_header": "Works and transmission",
"text": "From then until the fourth centuryAD, copies of Demosthenes' orations multiplied and they were in a relatively good position to survive the tense period from the sixth until the ninth century AD."
},
{
"section_header": "Works and transmission",
"text": "The \"publication\" and distribution of prose texts was common practice in Athens by the latter half of the fourth century BC and Demosthenes was among the Athenian politicians who set the trend, publishing many or even all of his orations."
},
{
"section_header": "Works and transmission",
"text": "Modern editions of these speeches are based on four manuscripts of the tenth and eleventh centuries AD.Some of the speeches that comprise the \"Demosthenic corpus\" are known to have been written by other authors, though scholars differ over which speeches these are."
},
{
"section_header": "Works and transmission",
"text": "After his death, texts of his speeches survived in Athens (possibly forming part of the library of Cicero's friend, Atticus, though their fate is otherwise unknown), and in the Library of Alexandria."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "For a time, Demosthenes made his living as a professional speech-writer (logographer) and a lawyer, writing speeches for use in private legal suits."
}
] |
Demosthenes had an income due to working as a guard.
| 0 | 0 |
Demosthenes
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Later life and legacy",
"text": "In 1951, the Philadelphia Athletics hired Johnson as a scout."
}
] |
y3VEQ49JuZu31zYxq1PG
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Following his retirement from baseball as a player, Johnson became a scout for Major League Baseball teams."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Later life and legacy",
"text": "In 1951, the Philadelphia Athletics hired Johnson as a scout."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | The Hilldale Daisies (1921-1929)",
"text": "The rookie ballplayer was soon adorned with the nickname \"Judy\" because of his resemblance to Chicago American Giants pitcher Judy Gans; the name stuck with Johnson for the duration of his baseball career."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Later life and legacy",
"text": "After he retired from baseball, Johnson worked for the Continental Cab Company and managed a general goods store with his brother."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was hired as an assistant coach by the Philadelphia Athletics in 1954, becoming one of the first African Americans signed to a coaching position on a major league ball club."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Later life and legacy",
"text": "Due to the brief nature of Johnson's assignment, Buck O'Neil is generally credited with being the first African-American to coach in Major League Baseball (MLB).Johnson spent time scouting with the Atlanta Braves, Milwaukee Brewers, Philadelphia Phillies, and Los Angeles Dodgers in the 1950s and 1960s."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Later life and legacy",
"text": "Before the Athletics relocated to Kansas in 1954, the club assigned Johnson as an assistant coach tasked with instructing black players Bob Trice and Vic Power during spring training."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "William Julius \"Judy\" Johnson (October 26, 1899 – June 15, 1989) was an American professional third baseman and manager whose career in Negro league baseball spanned 17 seasons, from 1921 to 1937."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Later life and legacy",
"text": "The Committee's responsibility was to select noteworthy Negro league players for induction into the Baseball Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After serving as a player manager for the Homestead Grays followed by the Daisies in the early 1930s, Johnson signed with the Pittsburgh Crawfords; as a part of the vaunted Crawford line-up of 1935, Johnson contributed to a team widely considered the greatest in Negro league history."
}
] |
Judy Johnson was a scout for the Philadelphia Athletics following his retirement from baseball as a player.
| 0 | 0 |
Judy Johnson
|
Popular Culture
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "On August 11, 2014, at his home in Paradise Cay, California, Williams committed suicide by hanging."
}
] |
y3lb4bRQSz2efcccAMvA
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Health | Addiction",
"text": ", let's go back to that. Useless conversations until midnight, waking up at dawn feeling like a vampire on a day pass."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "On August 11, 2014, at his home in Paradise Cay, California, Williams committed suicide by hanging."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In August 2014, at age 63, Williams committed suicide by hanging at his home in Paradise Cay, California."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Robin McLaurin Williams (July 21, 1951 – August 11, 2014) was an American actor and comedian."
},
{
"section_header": "Death | Tributes",
"text": "At the United Nations Headquarters on August 12, 2014, Robin Williams was celebrated during the opening of the International Youth Day."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Health | Addiction",
"text": "No. In mid-2014, Williams admitted himself into the Hazelden Foundation Addiction Treatment Center in Center City, Minnesota, for treatment for alcoholism."
},
{
"section_header": "Death | Tributes",
"text": "On September 9, 2014, PBS aired a one-hour special devoted to his career, and on September 27, 2014, dozens of leading stars and celebrities held a tribute in San Francisco to celebrate his life and career."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Philanthropy",
"text": "This annual HBO television benefit devoted to the homeless has raised $80 million as of 2014."
},
{
"section_header": "Death | Tributes",
"text": "In honor of his theater work, the lights of Broadway were darkened for the evening of August 14, 2014."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Film | Later films",
"text": "After his death in 2014, four films starring Williams were released: Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb, A Merry Friggin' Christmas, Boulevard, and Absolutely Anything."
}
] |
Williams passed away in 2014 from assassination.
| 1 | 2 |
Robin Williams
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It has been traded as a public company on the New York Stock Exchange since November 2015 with the ticker symbol SQ."
}
] |
y4FwZ1wHnoq3tagqdYRx
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Square, Inc. is an American financial services, merchant services aggregator, and mobile payment company based in San Francisco, California."
},
{
"section_header": "Business | Growth",
"text": "In its 2016 third-quarter earnings report, Square reported that it had loaned $1 billion to companies through Square Capital since the program's inception."
},
{
"section_header": "Products | Caviar restaurant delivery service",
"text": "In 2016, a class action lawsuit was filed against Square, claiming the company falsely represented that the 18% gratuity charge on each order would be given to the drivers while the drivers did not receive any part of it."
},
{
"section_header": "Business | Growth",
"text": "In October 2015, Square Inc. filed an IPO to be listed on the New York Stock Exchange."
},
{
"section_header": "Business | Growth",
"text": "As of February 2020, Square announced that it had acquired Dessa, a Toronto based deep learning company."
},
{
"section_header": "Products | Services | Cash App",
"text": "The company issues a debit card to be used with the account."
},
{
"section_header": "Financials",
"text": "Since then, it has raised several additional rounds of funding: Series A funding from Khosla Ventures Series B funding from Sequoia Capital Series C funding from Kleiner Perkins Series D funding from Citi Ventures, Rizvi Traverse Management, and Starbucks Series E funding from Goldman Sachs, Rizvi Traverse Management, and GIC Private LimitedThe company's valuation in October 2014 was $6 billion."
},
{
"section_header": "Banning firearms",
"text": "The company denied that this move was related to the increased debate over gun control."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The company markets software and hardware payments products and has expanded into small business services."
},
{
"section_header": "Products | Devices | Square Reader",
"text": "In April 2011, rival payment company Verifone claimed that the Square system at the time was insecure and that a reasonably skilled programmer could write a replacement app which could use the Square device to skim a credit card and return its details, because of the lack of encryption."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It has been traded as a public company on the New York Stock Exchange since November 2015 with the ticker symbol SQ."
}
] |
Square, Inc. has been a private company since 2016.
| 0 | 0 |
Square, Inc.
|
Geography
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Geography | Climate",
"text": "Macau has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa), characteristic of southern China."
}
] |
y4TpJgQEvA8ZC7cfov0i
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "It is surrounded by the South China Sea in the east and south, and neighbours the Guangdong city of Zhuhai to the west and north."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Climate",
"text": "Macau has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa), characteristic of southern China."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Macau, also spelled Macao ( (listen); 澳門, Cantonese: [ōu.mǔːn]; official Portuguese: [mɐˈkaw] Macau), and officially the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, is a city in the western Pearl River Delta by the South China Sea."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The first European visitor to reach China by sea was the explorer Jorge Álvares, who arrived in 1513."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "The region's jurisdiction over the surrounding sea was greatly expanded in 2015, when it was granted an additional 85 km2 (33 sq mi) of maritime territory by the State Council."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Merchants first established a trading post in Hong Kong waters at Tamão (present-day Tuen Mun), beginning regular trade with nearby settlements in southern China."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Climate",
"text": "The summer monsoon brings warm and humid air from the sea, with the most frequent rainfall occurring during the season."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is a special administrative region of China and maintains separate governing and economic systems from those of mainland China."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Macau was transferred to China on 20 December 1999, after 442 years of Portuguese rule."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Sports",
"text": "Macau represents itself separately from mainland China with its own sports teams in international competitions."
}
] |
Macau shares a similar climate as southern China because it is partially surrounded by the South China Sea and Zhuhai city.
| 2 | 3 |
Macau
|
Popular Culture
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Release | Merchandise",
"text": "The first third of the video game Indiana Jones' Greatest Adventures, released in 1994 by JVC for Nintendo's Super Nintendo Entertainment System, is based entirely on the film."
}
] |
y4dEvD9QGntVA7SKnq3T
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Release | Merchandise",
"text": "The only video game based exclusively on the film is Raiders of the Lost Ark, released in 1982 by Atari for their Atari 2600 console."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Merchandise",
"text": "In 2008, to coincide with the release of Kingdom of the Crystal Skull, Lego released the Lego Indiana Jones line—which included building sets based on Raiders of the Lost Ark—and LucasArts published a video game based on the toyline, Lego Indiana Jones: The Original Adventures, which was developed by Traveller's Tales."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reception",
"text": "The site's critical consensus stating: \"Featuring bravura set pieces, sly humor, and white-knuckle action, Raiders of the Lost Ark is one of the most consummately entertaining adventure pictures of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reception",
"text": "At the time of its release Raiders of the Lost Ark was highly acclaimed by critics and audiences alike."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "Numerous other books, comics, and video games have also been produced."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Merchandise",
"text": "The first third of the video game Indiana Jones' Greatest Adventures, released in 1994 by JVC for Nintendo's Super Nintendo Entertainment System, is based entirely on the film."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Merchandise",
"text": "They also released a board game."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Home media",
"text": "The outer package was labeled Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the Lost Ark for consistency with the film's prequel and its sequel."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "Raiders of the Lost Ark, made on an $20 million budget, grossed $384 million worldwide throughout its theatrical releases."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Raiders of the Lost Ark earned $389.9 million worldwide, becoming the highest-grossing film of 1981, and remains one of the highest-grossing films adjusted for inflation."
}
] |
A video game set in the future, after the Raiders of the Lost Ark, was released on the NSNES console in 1996.
| 2 | 9 |
Raiders of the Lost Ark
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Conventions and elections",
"text": "When the Whig National Convention nominated Harrison with John Tyler as his running mate, the Anti-Masonic Party did not make an alternate nomination and ceased to function, with most adherents being fully absorbed into the Whigs by 1840."
},
{
"section_header": "Second Anti-Masonic Party",
"text": "A later political organization called the Anti-Masonic Party was active from 1872 until 1888."
}
] |
y4fb2PasMIvw8yDfBuKH
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Members of Congress",
"text": "Gideon Hard Gideon Hard Abner Hazeltine George W. Lay"
},
{
"section_header": "Members of Congress",
"text": "Richard Biddle George Chambers"
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "As a result, the Morgan Affair became the catalyst that turned the movement against Freemasons into a political party."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After experiencing unexpected success in the 1828 elections, the Anti-Masons began to adopt positions on other issues, most notably support for internal improvements and a protective tariff."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Background",
"text": "When a member sought to reveal its secrets, so ran the conclusion, the Freemasons had done away with him."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Background",
"text": "This key episode was the mysterious 1826 disappearance of William Morgan, a Freemason in upstate New York who had turned against the Masons."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Background",
"text": "Angered by the rejection, Morgan announced that he was going to publish an exposé titled Illustrations of Masonry, critical of the Freemasons and describing their secret degree ceremonies in detail."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Party foundation",
"text": "The Anti-Masonic Party was formed in Upstate New York in February 1828."
},
{
"section_header": "Second Anti-Masonic Party",
"text": "A later political organization called the Anti-Masonic Party was active from 1872 until 1888."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Party foundation",
"text": "Adams supporters used the strong anti-Masonic feeling to create a new party in opposition to the rising Jacksonian Democracy nationally and the Albany Regency political organization of Martin Van Buren in New York."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Conventions and elections",
"text": "When the Whig National Convention nominated Harrison with John Tyler as his running mate, the Anti-Masonic Party did not make an alternate nomination and ceased to function, with most adherents being fully absorbed into the Whigs by 1840."
}
] |
The Anti-masonic party experienced a resurgence in the Bush era because George W. Bush is a Freemason.
| 1 | 5 |
Anti-Masonic Party
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dupin himself reappears in \"The Mystery of Marie Rogêt\" and \"The Purloined Letter\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It has been described as the first modern detective story; Poe referred to it as one of his \"tales of ratiocination\".C. Auguste Dupin is a man in Paris who solves the mystery of the brutal murder of two women."
}
] |
y4pcA2vQ8wHXqwHFkxkM
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "He printed only one, \"The Murders in the Rue Morgue\" oddly collected with the satirical \"The Man That Was Used Up\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "The sailor climbed up the lightning rod in an attempt to catch the animal, and the two voices heard by witnesses belonged to it and to him."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "When he saw the orangutan attempting to shave its face with his straight razor, imitating his morning grooming, it fled into the streets and reached the Rue Morgue, where it climbed up and into the house."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "A made-for-TV movie, The Murders in the Rue Morgue, aired in 1986."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "\"The Murders in the Rue Morgue\" has been adapted for radio, film and television many times."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "Though subtitled \"A Sequel to 'The Murders in the Rue Morgue'\", \"The Mystery of Marie Rogêt\" shares very few common elements with \"The Murders in the Rue Morgue\" beyond the inclusion of C. Auguste Dupin and the Paris setting."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "The sailor offers to pay a reward, but Dupin is interested only in learning the circumstances behind the two murders."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and reception",
"text": "I do not mean to say that they are not ingenious – but people think them more ingenious than they are – on account of their method and air of method."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes and analysis",
"text": "In a letter to friend Dr. Joseph Snodgrass, Poe said of \"The Murders in the Rue Morgue\", \"its theme was the exercise of ingenuity in detecting a murderer."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes and analysis",
"text": "\" Dupin is not a professional detective; he decides to investigate the murders in the Rue Morgue for his personal amusement."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dupin himself reappears in \"The Mystery of Marie Rogêt\" and \"The Purloined Letter\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It has been described as the first modern detective story; Poe referred to it as one of his \"tales of ratiocination\".C. Auguste Dupin is a man in Paris who solves the mystery of the brutal murder of two women."
}
] |
The protagonist of The Murders in the Rue Morgue shows up in two more novels.
| 0 | 0 |
The Murders in the Rue Morgue
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Yandex N.V. (; Russian: Яндекс, IPA: [ˈjandəks]) is a Russian multinational corporation specializing in Internet-related products and services, including transportation, search and information services, eCommerce, navigation, mobile applications, and online advertising."
}
] |
y51ujyG2cMkEyqkj48fd
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | 1990s",
"text": "In 2000, Yandex was incorporated as a standalone company by Arkady Volozh."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2010s",
"text": "In December 2015, Yandex acquired Agnitum, an Internet security company."
},
{
"section_header": "Offices",
"text": "Yandex Labs was opened in Silicon Valley in 2008, and also in Istanbul in 2011.The company"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Yandex has invested in companies including Vizi Labs, Face.com, Blekko, Seismotech, Multiship, SalesPredict, and Doc+."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2010s",
"text": "The company was acquired by Facebook in 2012."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2010s",
"text": "The company also opened an office in Istanbul."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The company has 18 commercial offices worldwide."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2000s",
"text": "The company became profitable in November 2002."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The company founders and most of the team members are located in Russia."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2000s",
"text": "The net income of the company in 2004 was $7 million."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Yandex N.V. (; Russian: Яндекс, IPA: [ˈjandəks]) is a Russian multinational corporation specializing in Internet-related products and services, including transportation, search and information services, eCommerce, navigation, mobile applications, and online advertising."
}
] |
Yandex is a pharmaceutical company from Portland, Oregon.
| 0 | 0 |
Yandex
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Joe Torre Foundation",
"text": "In 2002, Torre and his wife Ali established the Joe Torre Safe at Home Foundation."
}
] |
y5HPmMmZUzFpCrVH4cCf
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Joe Torre Foundation",
"text": "The children are also given the opportunity to read, play games or talk about their experience with others."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career | Atlanta Braves manager (1982–1984)",
"text": "In Game 1 of the 1982 NLCS against the St. Louis Cardinals, the Braves jumped to a 1–0 lead before the game was rain-delayed after four innings and eventually canceled just three outs short of an official game."
},
{
"section_header": "Joe Torre Foundation",
"text": "In 2002, Torre and his wife Ali established the Joe Torre Safe at Home Foundation."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career | Commissioner's office (2011–present)",
"text": "He said, 'Help me understand how we can help improve."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "They have a daughter, Andrea."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Milwaukee/Atlanta Braves (1960–1968)",
"text": "Torre was once again voted to be the starting catcher for the National League in the 1965 All-Star Game and hit a two-run home run off of Milt Pappas to help the National League to a 6-5 victory."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He is the youngest of five children, two girls and three boys of Italian immigrants Joe, Sr., a plainclothes officer in the New York City Police Department, and Margaret."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "He has two daughters, Lauren and Cristina, by his second wife, Dani, whom he married in 1968."
},
{
"section_header": "Joe Torre Foundation",
"text": "Torre is also a supporter of other anti-domestic violence programs."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career | New York Yankees manager (1996–2007) | 1996–2005",
"text": "Before his first game with the Yankees, Torre got off to a rough start."
}
] |
Joe Torre has started an organization dedicated to help children in Africa with his daughter in law.
| 0 | 0 |
Joe Torre
|
Technology
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Investments and acquisitions | Acquisitions",
"text": "Flatiron Health, a startup founded by two former Google employees and backed by Alphabet, Inc., announced that it was to be acquired by health conglomerate Hoffmann-La Roche for $1.8 billion."
}
] |
y5aUaNze2gg9Zeplbs4U
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Page and Brin remain co-founders, employees, board members, and controlling shareholders of Alphabet Inc."
},
{
"section_header": "Investments and acquisitions | Acquisitions",
"text": "Flatiron Health, a startup founded by two former Google employees and backed by Alphabet, Inc., announced that it was to be acquired by health conglomerate Hoffmann-La Roche for $1.8 billion."
},
{
"section_header": "Investments and acquisitions | Investments",
"text": "In November 2017, Alphabet Inc. led a Series A round of $71 million along with Andreessen Horowitz and 20th Century Fox in music startup UnitedMasters, founded by Steve Stoute."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Sundar Pichai, Product Chief, became the new CEO of Google, replacing Larry Page, who transitioned to the role of running Alphabet, along with Google co-founder Sergey Brin."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Before it became a subsidiary of Alphabet, Google Inc. was first structured as the owner of Alphabet."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The two founders of Google assumed executive roles in the new company, with Larry Page serving as CEO and Sergey Brin as president."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Alphabet Inc. is an American multinational conglomerate headquartered in Mountain View, California."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure",
"text": "Inc. (referring to the Roman numeral of 26, the number of letters in the alphabet), so that they can be valued and legally separated from Google."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Alphabet Inc. Google CEO Larry Page made this announcement in a blog post on Google's official blog."
},
{
"section_header": "Lawsuit",
"text": "In 2017, Alphabet Inc. sued Uber over technology similar to Alphabet's proprietary self-driving car technology."
}
] |
Alphabet inc. was founded by the founders of Facebook.
| 1 | 5 |
Alphabet Inc.
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She has received an Academy Award, a British Academy Film Award, and a Screen Actors Guild Award, and has been nominated for nine Golden Globe Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She has also won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role for The Client, and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Best Actress for Dead Man Walking."
}
] |
y6dJ5LqbdcbDhNYrQDFS
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Susan Abigail Sarandon (née Tomalin; born October 4, 1946) is an American actress and activist."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She has also won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role for The Client, and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Best Actress for Dead Man Walking."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "While in college, Susan Tomalin met fellow student Chris Sarandon, a Greek-American, and the couple married on September 16, 1967."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "In 2015, Sarandon received the Goldene Kamera international lifetime achievement award."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Their journey was documented by the BBC Wales programme, Coming Home: Susan Sarandon."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "Sarandon received the Lifetime Achievement Award at the 2009 Stockholm International Film Festival, was inducted into the New Jersey Hall of Fame in 2010, and received the Outstanding Artistic Life Award for her Outstanding Contribution to World Cinema at the 2011 Shanghai International Film Festival."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for Atlantic City (1980), Thelma & Louise (1991), Lorenzo's Oil (1992), and The Client (1994), before winning for Dead Man Walking (1995)."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Much of the same research and content was featured in the American version of Who"
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "That's what makes the film so unrelenting.\" Sarandon was awarded the Women in Film Crystal Award in 1994."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "In the mid-1980s, Sarandon dated Italian filmmaker Franco Amurri, with whom she had a daughter, Eva Amurri (born March 15, 1985) who is also an actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She has received an Academy Award, a British Academy Film Award, and a Screen Actors Guild Award, and has been nominated for nine Golden Globe Awards."
}
] |
Susan Sarandon has won several awards as an American actress.
| 0 | 0 |
Susan Sarandon
|
Music
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life | Career | Musical education",
"text": "Mendelssohn began taking piano lessons from his mother when he was six, and at seven was tutored by Marie Bigot in Paris."
}
] |
y7K3MqHexyFVrWCPWLXs
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Music | Composer | Chamber music",
"text": "For the Piano Trio No. 1 in D minor, Mendelssohn uncharacteristically took the advice of his fellow composer, Ferdinand Hiller, and rewrote the piano part in a more Romantic, \"Schumannesque\" style, considerably heightening its effect."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Career | Early maturity",
"text": "His first work, a piano quartet, was published when he was 13."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Composer | Piano music",
"text": "The musicologist Glenn Stanley observes that \"[u]nlike Brahms, unlike his contemporaries Schumann, Chopin and Liszt, and unlike [his] revered past masters.... Mendelssohn did not regard the piano as a preferred medium for his most significant artistic statements\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Reputation and legacy | The first century",
"text": "Things were different with Felix Mendelssohn, that halcyon master who, thanks to his easier, purer, happier soul, was quickly honoured and just as quickly forgotten, as a lovely incident in German music."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Career | Düsseldorf",
"text": "Mendelssohn worked with the dramatist Karl Immermann to improve local theatre standards, and made his first appearance as an opera conductor in Immermann's production of Mozart's Don Giovanni at the end of 1833, where he took umbrage at the audience's protests about the cost of tickets."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Composer | Piano music",
"text": "Other notable piano works by Mendelssohn include his Variations sérieuses, Op. 54 (1841), the Rondo Capriccioso, the set of six Preludes and Fugues, Op. 35 (written between 1832 and 1837), and the Seven Characteristic Pieces, Op. 7 (1827)."
},
{
"section_header": "Reputation and legacy | The first century",
"text": "The philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche expressed consistent admiration for Mendelssohn's music, in contrast to his general scorn for \"Teutonic\" Romanticism: At any rate, the whole music of romanticism [e.g. Schumann and Wagner] ... was second-rate music from the very start, and real musicians took little notice of it."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Composer | Piano music",
"text": "Mendelssohn's Songs Without Words (Lieder ohne Worte), eight cycles each containing six lyric pieces (two published posthumously), remain his most famous solo piano compositions."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Childhood",
"text": "Felix Mendelssohn was born on 3 February 1809, in Hamburg, at the time an independent city-state, in the same house where, a year later, the dedicatee and first performer of his Violin Concerto, Ferdinand David, would be born."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Surname",
"text": "Felix and his siblings were at first brought up without religious education; on March 21, 1816, they were baptized in a private ceremony in the family's Berlin apartment by the Reformed Protestant minister of the Jerusalem Church, at which time Felix was given the additional names Jakob Ludwig."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Career | Musical education",
"text": "Mendelssohn began taking piano lessons from his mother when he was six, and at seven was tutored by Marie Bigot in Paris."
}
] |
Felix Mendelssohn first took piano instruction from his mom.
| 0 | 2 |
Felix Mendelssohn
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Tyrus Raymond Cobb (December 18, 1886 – July 17, 1961), nicknamed The Georgia Peach, was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) outfielder."
}
] |
y7TTilHKwvbocovDEwyO
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Post professional career",
"text": "Tyrus Raymond, Jr. flunked out of Princeton (where he had played on the varsity tennis team), much to his father's dismay."
},
{
"section_header": "Post professional career",
"text": "The couple had three sons and two daughters: Tyrus Raymond Jr, Shirley Marion, Herschel Roswell, James Howell and Beverly."
},
{
"section_header": "Post professional career",
"text": "Tyrus Raymond, Jr. then entered Yale University and became captain of the tennis team while improving his academics, but was then arrested twice in 1930 for drunkenness and left Yale without graduating."
},
{
"section_header": "Post professional career | Death",
"text": "His first wife, Charlie, his son Jimmy and other family members came to be with him for his final days."
},
{
"section_header": "Post professional career",
"text": "At the same time, his wife Charlie filed the first of several divorce suits; but withdrew the suit shortly thereafter."
},
{
"section_header": "Post professional career",
"text": "He toured Europe with his family, went to Scotland for some time and then returned to his farm in Georgia."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Cobb as player/manager",
"text": "At the end of 1925 Cobb was once again embroiled in a batting title race, this time with one of his teammates and players, Harry Heilmann."
},
{
"section_header": "Post professional career | Death",
"text": "Family in attendance included Cobb's former wife Charlie, his two daughters, his surviving son Jimmy, his two sons-in-law, his daughter-in-law Mary Dunn Cobb and her two children."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Early years",
"text": "He never hit below that mark again."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Early years",
"text": "Tigers won the AL pennant again in 1909."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Tyrus Raymond Cobb (December 18, 1886 – July 17, 1961), nicknamed The Georgia Peach, was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) outfielder."
}
] |
Ty Cobb played the ball of bases before touring europe, and making millions as a stockholder of Coca-Cola, then teatering on the brink of divorce again and again thanks to his wife, Charlie. He also broke off things with his son Tyrus Raymond Jr., who was a criminal, but turned gynecologist. He also did tennis.
| 3 | 4 |
Ty Cobb
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Talmud (; Hebrew: תַּלְמוּד) is the central text of Rabbinic Judaism and the primary source of Jewish religious law (halakha) and Jewish theology."
}
] |
y7jwtrPKpt8uzyYxQGGb
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Criticism | 19th century and after",
"text": "In 1830, during a debate in the French Chamber of Peers regarding state recognition of the Jewish faith, Admiral Verhuell declared himself unable to forgive the Jews whom he had met during his travels throughout the world either for their refusal to recognize Jesus as the Messiah or for their possession of the Talmud."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Talmud (; Hebrew: תַּלְמוּד) is the central text of Rabbinic Judaism and the primary source of Jewish religious law (halakha) and Jewish theology."
},
{
"section_header": "Scholarship | Critical method | Textual emendations",
"text": "The Academy of the Hebrew Language has prepared a text on CD-ROM for lexicographical purposes, containing the text of each tractate according to the manuscript it considers most reliable, and images of some of the older manuscripts may be found on the website of the Jewish National and University Library."
},
{
"section_header": "Scholarship | Commentaries",
"text": "These commentaries could be read with the text of the Talmud and would help explain the meaning of the text."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Until the advent of modernity, in nearly all Jewish communities, the Talmud was the centerpiece of Jewish cultural life and was foundational to \"all Jewish thought and aspirations\", serving also as \"the guide for the daily life\" of Jews."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism | Middle Ages",
"text": "The translation of the Talmud from Aramaic to non-Jewish languages stripped Jewish discourse from its covering, something that was resented by Jews as a profound violation."
},
{
"section_header": "Babylonian and Jerusalem | Jerusalem Talmud",
"text": "The text is evidently incomplete and is not easy to follow."
},
{
"section_header": "Scholarship",
"text": "From the time of its completion, the Talmud became integral to Jewish scholarship."
},
{
"section_header": "Babylonian and Jerusalem | Jerusalem Talmud",
"text": "The Jerusalem Talmud, also known as the Palestinian Talmud, or Talmuda de-Eretz Yisrael (Talmud of the Land of Israel), was one of the two compilations of Jewish religious teachings and commentary that was transmitted orally for centuries prior to its compilation by Jewish scholars in the Land of Israel."
},
{
"section_header": "Role in Judaism | Present day",
"text": "See also: The Conservative Jewish view of the Halakha."
}
] |
The Talmud is a text in the Jewish faith.
| 0 | 0 |
Talmud
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Literary sources",
"text": "Moreover, many of the characters actually existed, such as Giotto di Bondone, Guido Cavalcanti, Saladin and King William II of Sicily."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary sources",
"text": "Still other fictional characters are based on real people, such as the Madonna Fiordaliso from tale II, 5, who is derived from a Madonna Flora who lived in the red light district of Naples."
}
] |
y7o795hh50z3MQPmdKy2
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Literary sources",
"text": "Within the tales of The Decameron, the principal characters are usually developed through their dialogue and actions, so that by the end of the story they seem real and their actions logical given their context."
},
{
"section_header": "References to the Decameron",
"text": "The title character in George Eliot's historical novel Romola emulates Gostanza in tale V, 2, by buying a small boat and drifting out to sea to die, after she realizes that she no longer has anyone on whom she can depend."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "Boccaccio himself notes that the names he gives for these ten characters are in fact"
},
{
"section_header": "Frame story",
"text": "Each of the ten characters is charged as King or Queen of the company for one of the ten days in turn."
},
{
"section_header": "References to the Decameron",
"text": "Christine de Pizan refers to several of the stories from The Decameron in her work"
},
{
"section_header": "References to the Decameron",
"text": "Da Vinci's Demons portrays a theatrical adaptation of stories from The Decameron."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "The book's primary title exemplifies Boccaccio's fondness for Greek philology: Decameron combines Greek δέκα, déka (\"ten\") and ἡμέρα, hēméra (\"day\") to mean \"ten-day [event]\", referring to the period in which the characters of the frame story tell their tales."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary sources",
"text": "Scholars have even been able to verify the existence of less famous characters, such as the tricksters Bruno and Buffalmacco and their victim Calandrino."
},
{
"section_header": "Collections emulating the Decameron",
"text": "Marguerite de Navarre's Heptaméron is heavily based on The Decameron"
},
{
"section_header": "References to the Decameron",
"text": "In the 1994 movie My Summer Story, Ralphie does a book report on The Decameron and gets in trouble with his teacher for doing so."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary sources",
"text": "Moreover, many of the characters actually existed, such as Giotto di Bondone, Guido Cavalcanti, Saladin and King William II of Sicily."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary sources",
"text": "Still other fictional characters are based on real people, such as the Madonna Fiordaliso from tale II, 5, who is derived from a Madonna Flora who lived in the red light district of Naples."
}
] |
The characters in the Decameron were inspired by myths and legends.
| 0 | 0 |
Decameron
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Analysis and criticism | Themes and motifs | Performing gender and crossdressing | The performance of gender",
"text": "This dangerously beautiful woman is difficult for Shakespeare to create because all characters, male or female, were played by men."
}
] |
y85N6ulYvC2gncZhcbez
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and cultural references | Selected stage productions",
"text": "1999, Paul Shelley as Antony and Mark Rylance as Cleopatra in an all-male cast production at Shakespeare's Globe Theatre in London."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis and criticism | Themes and motifs | Performing gender and crossdressing | Interpretations of crossdressing within the play",
"text": "Scholars have speculated that Shakespeare's original intention was to have Antony appear in Cleopatra's clothes and vice versa in the beginning of the play."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis and criticism | Themes and motifs | Performing gender and crossdressing | Critics' interpretations of boys portraying female characters",
"text": "The male-male relationship, some critics have offered, between the male audience and the boy actor performing the female sexuality of the play would have been less threatening than had the part been played by a woman."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis and criticism | Critical history: changing views of Cleopatra",
"text": "Other scholars also discuss early critics' views of Cleopatra in relation to a serpent signifying \"original sin\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis and criticism | Themes and motifs | Performing gender and crossdressing | The performance of gender",
"text": "Antony and Cleopatra is essentially a male-dominated play in which the character of Cleopatra takes significance as one of few female figures and definitely the only strong female character."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis and criticism | Structure: Egypt and Rome | The characterization of Rome and Egypt | Egypt from the Roman perspective",
"text": "And it is this otherization that is at the heart of the piece itself, the idea that Antony, a man of Western origin and upbringing has coupled himself with the Eastern women, the stereotypical \"other\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis and criticism | Themes and motifs | Performing gender and crossdressing | The performance of gender",
"text": "This dangerously beautiful woman is difficult for Shakespeare to create because all characters, male or female, were played by men."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis and criticism | Themes and motifs | Empire | Politics of empire",
"text": "the unfavourable light cast on Caesar has been explained as deriving from the claims of various 16th-century historians."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis and criticism | Themes and motifs | Performing gender and crossdressing | Interpretations of crossdressing within the play",
"text": "Gordon P. Jones elaborates on the importance of this detail: Such a saturnalian exchange of costumes in the opening scene would have opened up a number of important perspectives for the play's original audience."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis and criticism | Structure: Egypt and Rome",
"text": "In traditional criticism of Antony and Cleopatra, \"Rome has been characterised as a male world, presided over by the austere Caesar, and Egypt as a female domain, embodied by a Cleopatra who is seen to be as abundant, leaky, and changeable as the Nile\"."
}
] |
Antony and Cleopatra would of originally been played by a cast of all males.
| 0 | 0 |
Antony and Cleopatra
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Emiliano Zapata Salazar (Spanish pronunciation: [emiˈljano saˈpata]; 8 August 1879 – 10 April 1919) was a leading figure in the Mexican Revolution, the main leader of the peasant revolution in the state of Morelos, and the inspiration of the agrarian movement called Zapatismo."
}
] |
y8DlPFMXv2xVt4QzYz1E
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Towns, streets, and housing developments called \"Emiliano Zapata\" are common across the country and he has, at times, been depicted on Mexican banknotes."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Emiliano Zapata Salazar (Spanish pronunciation: [emiˈljano saˈpata]; 8 August 1879 – 10 April 1919) was a leading figure in the Mexican Revolution, the main leader of the peasant revolution in the state of Morelos, and the inspiration of the agrarian movement called Zapatismo."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years before the Revolution",
"text": "The nominations made were Modesto González, Bartolo Parral, and Emiliano Zapata."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "There are controversies about the portrayal of Emiliano Zapata and his followers, whether they were bandits or revolutionaries."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "Marlon Brando played Emiliano Zapata in the award-winning movie based on his life, Viva Zapata!"
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "Emiliano Zapata is a major character in The Friends of Pancho Villa (1996), by James Carlos Blake"
},
{
"section_header": "Plan of Ayala and rebellion against Madero",
"text": "Zapata mobilized his Liberation Army and allied with former Maderistas Pascual Orozco and Emiliano Vázquez Gómez."
},
{
"section_header": "Cited sources",
"text": "Knight, Alan (1986), The Mexican Revolution, Vol. 1,"
},
{
"section_header": "Early years before the Revolution",
"text": "Zapata's family were likely mestizos, Mexicans of both Spanish and Nahua heritage."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Article 27 of the 1917 Mexican Constitution was drafted in response to his agrarian demands."
}
] |
Emiliano Zapata was a Mexican Revolutionist.
| 0 | 0 |
Emiliano Zapata
|
Sports
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "James Paul David Bunning (October 23, 1931 – May 26, 2017) was an American professional baseball pitcher and politician who represented Kentucky in both chambers of the United States Congress."
}
] |
y8QyS1s8sEg4nwNBJKnV
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career",
"text": "Bunning became the fifth American League pitcher and the 10th pitcher in Major League history to accomplish an immaculate inning."
},
{
"section_header": "Jim Bunning Foundation",
"text": "At the time of Bunning's death, Tony Clark, then serving as MLBPA's executive director, praised Bunning's union activities: \"Recognizing the need to ensure that all players receive fair representation in their dealings with major league club owners, Jim, along with a number of his peers, helped pave the way for generations of players.\" On December 18, 2008, the Lexington Herald Leader reported that Sen. Bunning's non-profit foundation, the Jim Bunning Foundation, has given less than 25 percent of its proceeds to charity."
},
{
"section_header": "Players union involvement",
"text": "From the mid-1960s until his retirement from baseball, Bunning was active in the Major League Baseball Players Association (MLBPA), and played a major role in transforming the organization into one of the country's most successful labor unions."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career",
"text": "In the fifth inning, Phillies second baseman Tony Taylor preserved the perfect game with his strong defensive play."
},
{
"section_header": "Players union involvement",
"text": "By the time Bunning retired, the minimum salary and average salary for major league players had nearly doubled."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards",
"text": "The 1996 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, held in Philadelphia, was dedicated to Bunning and fellow Phillies"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "When Bunning retired, he had the second-highest total career strikeouts in Major League history; he currently ranks 18th."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career",
"text": "His first game in the major leagues was on July 20, 1955, with the Detroit Tigers."
},
{
"section_header": "Jim Bunning Foundation",
"text": "Bunning Foundation board members include his wife Mary, and Cincinnati tire dealer Bob Sumerel."
},
{
"section_header": "Jim Bunning Foundation",
"text": "In 2008, records indicate that Bunning attended 10 baseball shows around the country and signed autographs, generating $61,631 in income for the charity."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "James Paul David Bunning (October 23, 1931 – May 26, 2017) was an American professional baseball pitcher and politician who represented Kentucky in both chambers of the United States Congress."
}
] |
Jim Bunning played in the major leagues and a politician.
| 0 | 1 |
Jim Bunning
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Chancellor of the German Empire | Foreign policies | Avoiding war",
"text": "In February 1888, during a Bulgarian crisis, Bismarck addressed the Reichstag on the dangers of a European war: He warned of the imminent possibility that Germany will have to fight on two fronts; he spoke of the desire for peace; then he set forth the Balkan case for war and demonstrated its futility: \"Bulgaria, that little country between the Danube and the Balkans, is far from being an object of adequate importance... for which to plunge Europe from Moscow to the Pyrenees, and from the North Sea to Palermo, into a war whose issue no man can foresee."
}
] |
y8vVwDDzX1SlQ7mzhaDh
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Otto Eduard Leopold, Prince of Bismarck, Duke of Lauenburg (born von Bismarck-Schönhausen; German: Otto Eduard Leopold, Prince of Bismarck, Duke of Lauenburg (born von Bismarck-Schönhausen; German: Otto Eduard Leopold Fürst von Bismarck, Herzog zu Lauenburg; 1 April 1815 – 30 July 1898), known as Otto von Bismarck (German: [ˈɔto fɔn ˈbɪsmaʁk] (listen)), was a conservative German statesman who masterminded the unification of Germany in 1871 and served as its first chancellor until 1890, in which capacity he dominated European affairs for two decades."
},
{
"section_header": "Minister President of Prussia | Franco-Prussian War 1870–71",
"text": "Bismarck, at the same time, did not avoid war with France, though he feared the French for a number of reasons."
},
{
"section_header": "Titles, styles, honours and arms | Titles and styles",
"text": "1815–1865: Junker Otto von Bismarck 1865–1871: His Illustrious Highness The Count of Bismarck-Schönhausen 1871–1890: His Serene Highness The Prince of Bismarck, Count of Bismarck-Schönhausen 1890–1898: His Serene Highness The Prince of Bismarck, Count of Bismarck-Schönhausen, Duke of LauenburgBismarck was created Graf von Bismarck-Schönhausen (\"Count of Bismarck-Schönhausen\") in 1865; this comital title is borne by all his descendants in the male line."
},
{
"section_header": "Chancellor of the German Empire | Foreign policies | Avoiding war",
"text": "In February 1888, during a Bulgarian crisis, Bismarck addressed the Reichstag on the dangers of a European war: He warned of the imminent possibility that Germany will have to fight on two fronts; he spoke of the desire for peace; then he set forth the Balkan case for war and demonstrated its futility: \"Bulgaria, that little country between the Danube and the Balkans, is far from being an object of adequate importance... for which to plunge Europe from Moscow to the Pyrenees, and from the North Sea to Palermo, into a war whose issue no man can foresee."
},
{
"section_header": "Chancellor of the German Empire | Foreign policies | Avoiding war",
"text": "Bismarck had first made this famous comment to the Reichstag in December 1876, when the Balkan revolts against the Ottoman Empire threatened to extend to a war between Austria and Russia: Only a year later [1876], he is faced by the alternative of espousing the cause of Russia or that of Austria."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and memory | Reputation",
"text": "He was well supported by his friend Albrecht von Roon, the war minister, as well as the leader of the Prussian army Helmuth von Moltke."
},
{
"section_header": "Downfall | Final years and forced resignation",
"text": "Steinberg sums up: Thus ended the extraordinary public career of Otto von Bismarck, who ... had presided over the affairs of a state he made great and glorious. ... Now the humble posture that he had necessarily adopted in his written communications with his royal master had become his real posture."
},
{
"section_header": "Chancellor of the German Empire | Foreign policies | Colonies and imperialism",
"text": "Wehler says the chancellor's ultimate goal was to strengthen traditional social and power structures, and avoid a major war."
},
{
"section_header": "Early political career | Ambassador to Russia and France",
"text": "The Regent also appointed Helmuth von Moltke as the new Chief of Staff of the Prussian Army, and Albrecht von Roon as Minister of War with the job of reorganizing the army."
},
{
"section_header": "Early political career | Young politician",
"text": "There, he gained a reputation as a royalist and reactionary politician with a gift for stinging rhetoric; he openly advocated the idea that the monarch had a divine right to rule."
}
] |
Otto von Bismarck was advocating for avoiding war in 1988.
| 0 | 0 |
Otto von Bismarck
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period in Chinese history."
}
] |
y9SK2ksmttrBrNdTKy8o
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | End of the dynasty",
"text": "In 907 the Tang dynasty was ended when Zhu deposed Ai and took the throne for himself (known posthumously as Emperor Taizu of Later Liang)."
},
{
"section_header": "History | End of the dynasty",
"text": "He established the Later Liang, which inaugurated the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Seaports and maritime trade",
"text": "During the Tang dynasty, thousands of foreign expatriate merchants came and lived in numerous Chinese cities to do business with China, including Persians, Arabs, Hindu Indians, Malays, Bengalis, Sinhalese, Khmers, Chams, Jews and Nestorian Christians of the Near East, among many others."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Wu Zetian's usurpation",
"text": "He was succeeded by Emperor Zhongzong, his eldest surviving son by Wu."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture and society | Chang'an, the Tang capital",
"text": "However, incidentally it was not the economic hub during the Tang dynasty."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture and society | Cuisine",
"text": "\"Boiled cake was the staple of the Northern Dynasty, and it kept its popularity in the Tang dynasty."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Establishment",
"text": "Taizong was succeeded by his son Li Zhi (as Emperor Gaozong) in 649."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture and society | Chang'an, the Tang capital",
"text": "Although Chang'an was the capital of the earlier Han and Jin dynasties, after subsequent destruction in warfare, it was the Sui dynasty model that comprised the Tang era capital."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Tang dynasty (; Chinese: 唐朝) or"
},
{
"section_header": "Culture and society | Religion and philosophy",
"text": "This ideal is reflected in Tang dynasty art."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period in Chinese history."
}
] |
The Tang Dynasty was succeeded by other dynasties.
| 0 | 0 |
Tang Dynasty
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Filming also took place at Potts Hill and Penrith Lakes in Western Sydney."
}
] |
y9npJf6QNohGYYa8JTy9
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Post-production",
"text": "Mad Max: Fury Road contains 2,000 visual effects shots."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Prequel comics",
"text": "The third, Mad Max: Fury Road –"
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Prequel comics",
"text": "The final issue, Mad Max: Fury Road – Mad Max #2, was released on 5 August."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "Mad Max: Fury Road became a moderate box office success theatrically."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Top ten lists",
"text": "Mad Max: Fury Road was listed on many critics' top ten lists."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "In July 2010, Miller announced plans to shoot two Mad Max films back-to-back, entitled Mad Max: Fury Road and Mad Max: Furiosa."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Music",
"text": "The musical score for Mad Max: Fury Road was written by the Dutch composer Tom Holkenborg"
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reception",
"text": "Some critics have named Mad Max: Fury Road one of the greatest action films ever made."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes and analysis | Survival",
"text": "The primary theme of Mad Max: Fury Road is survival and retention of humanity in the face of apocalyptic events."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Prequel comics",
"text": "20 May. The second, Mad Max: Fury Road – Furiosa #1, was released on 17 June."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Filming also took place at Potts Hill and Penrith Lakes in Western Sydney."
}
] |
Mad Max: Fury Road was shot in Eastern Sydney.
| 0 | 0 |
Mad Max: Fury Road
|
Music
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life | Family background",
"text": "Bohemia was then part of the Austrian Empire; the Mahler family belonged to a German-speaking minority among Bohemians, and was also Jewish."
}
] |
yAIBIzxQVBRID5idpy82
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life | Family background",
"text": "The Mahler family came from eastern Bohemia, and were of humble circumstances—the composer's grandmother had been a street pedlar."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life | Family background",
"text": "Bohemia was then part of the Austrian Empire; the Mahler family belonged to a German-speaking minority among Bohemians, and was also Jewish."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Vienna, 1897–1907 | Marriage, family, tragedy",
"text": "On the other hand, Mahler's family considered Alma to be flirtatious, unreliable, and too fond of seeing young men fall for her charms."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Vienna, 1897–1907 | Marriage, family, tragedy",
"text": "\" Alma soon became resentful because of Mahler's insistence that there could only be one composer in the family and that she had given up her music studies to accommodate him."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life | Family background",
"text": "Two years later, on 7 July 1860, their second son, Gustav, was born."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Vienna, 1897–1907 | Marriage, family, tragedy",
"text": "In the summer of 1907 Mahler, exhausted from the effects of the campaign against him in Vienna, took his family to Maiernigg."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Memorials and museums",
"text": "\" Mitchell concludes with the statement: \"Even were his own music not to survive, Mahler would still enjoy a substantial immortality in the music of these pre-eminent successors who have embraced his art and assimilated his techniques.\" In Hamburg, the Gustav Mahler Museum is dedicated to Gustav Mahler's life and work."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Vienna, 1897–1907 | Marriage, family, tragedy",
"text": "Burckhard called Mahler \"that rachitic degenerate Jew,\" unworthy for such a good-looking girl of good family."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born in Bohemia (then part of the Austrian Empire) to Jewish parents of humble origins, the German-speaking Mahler displayed his musical gifts at an early age."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Memorials and museums",
"text": "It is situated in the animal park next to the Gustav Mahler Stube."
}
] |
Gustav Mahler's family was from Bohemia.
| 1 | 4 |
Gustav Mahler
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Philip II (Spanish: Felipe II; 21 May 1527 – 13 September 1598) was King of Spain (1556–98), King of Portugal (1580–98, as Philip I, Portuguese: Filipe I), King of Naples and Sicily (both from 1554), and jure uxoris King of England and Ireland (during his marriage to Queen Mary I from 1554 to 1558)."
}
] |
yBH0lMs0yvJKqfLXYIL5
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "King of Portugal",
"text": "Philip II of Spain assumed the Portuguese throne in September 1580 and was crowned Philip I of Portugal in 1581 (recognized as king by the Portuguese Cortes of Tomar) and a near sixty-year personal union under the rule of the Philippine Dynasty began."
},
{
"section_header": "King of Portugal",
"text": "When Henry died two years after Sebastian's disappearance, three grandchildren of Manuel I claimed the throne: Infanta Catarina, Duchess of Braganza; António, Prior of Crato; and Philip II of Spain."
},
{
"section_header": "Relations with England and Ireland | King of England and Ireland",
"text": "\" In other words, Philip was to co-reign with his wife."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Under Philip, about 9,000 men a year on average were recruited from Spain; in crisis years the total could rise to 20,000."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Philip II (Spanish: Felipe II; 21 May 1527 – 13 September 1598) was King of Spain (1556–98), King of Portugal (1580–98, as Philip I, Portuguese: Filipe I), King of Naples and Sicily (both from 1554), and jure uxoris King of England and Ireland (during his marriage to Queen Mary I from 1554 to 1558)."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Under Philip II, Spain reached the peak of its power."
},
{
"section_header": "Titles, honours and styles",
"text": "NOVI ORBIS REX\" (\"Philip II, King of Spain and the New World\") and \"NON SUFFICIT ORBIS\" (\"The world is not enough\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "These defaults were just the beginning of Spain's economic troubles as its kings would default six more times in the next 65 years."
},
{
"section_header": "Relations with England and Ireland | King of England and Ireland",
"text": "Philip's wife had succeeded to the Kingdom of Ireland, but the title of King of Ireland had been created in 1542 by Henry VIII after he was excommunicated, and so it was not recognised by Catholic monarchs."
},
{
"section_header": "Relations with England and Ireland | King of England and Ireland",
"text": "The couple's joint royal style after Philip ascended the Spanish throne in 1556 was: Philip and Mary, by the Grace of God King and Queen of England, Spain, France, Jerusalem, both the Sicilies and Ireland, Defenders of the Faith, Archdukes of Austria, Dukes of Burgundy, Milan and Brabant, Counts of Habsburg, Flanders and Tirol."
}
] |
Philip II of Spain was also King of England for 4 years because of his wife at the time.
| 0 | 0 |
Philip II of Spain
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Vancouver ( (listen)) is a major city in western Canada, located in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia."
}
] |
yCBtBrV72OatY5fGzwSI
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Government",
"text": "Vancouver, unlike other British Columbia municipalities, is incorporated under the Vancouver Charter."
},
{
"section_header": "Government | Provincial and federal representation",
"text": "In the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, Vancouver is represented by 11 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs)."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Ecology",
"text": "The area is thought to have had the largest trees of these species on the British Columbia Coast."
},
{
"section_header": "Education",
"text": "The British Columbia Institute of Technology in Burnaby provides polytechnic education."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Vancouver ( (listen)) is a major city in western Canada, located in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Ecology",
"text": "The conifers were a typical coastal British Columbia mix of Douglas fir, western red cedar and western hemlock."
},
{
"section_header": "Arts and culture | Libraries and museums",
"text": "The Morris and Helen Belkin Art Gallery with a small collection of contemporary works is part of the University of British Columbia."
},
{
"section_header": "Sports and recreation",
"text": "The British Columbia Derby is a nine-furlong horse race held at the Hastings Racecourse in the third week of September."
},
{
"section_header": "Cityscape | Architecture",
"text": "The courthouse building was designed by Francis Rattenbury, who also designed the British Columbia Parliament Buildings and the Empress Hotel in Victoria, and the lavishly decorated second Hotel Vancouver."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Twentieth century",
"text": "Labour leader Frank Rogers was killed by CPR police while picketing at the docks, becoming the movement's first martyr in British Columbia."
}
] |
Vancouver is situated in British Columbia.
| 0 | 0 |
Vancouver
|
Geography
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The structure was designed by the Greek architects Satyros and Pythius of Priene."
}
] |
yCE0FbGbKteBcSbNzUGs
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The structure was designed by the Greek architects Satyros and Pythius of Priene."
},
{
"section_header": "Dimensions and statues",
"text": "It is clear that Pliny did not grasp the design of the mausoleum fully which creates problems in recreating the structure."
},
{
"section_header": "Conquest",
"text": "He founded many cities of Greek design along the coast and encouraged Greek democratic traditions."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "This monument was ranked the seventh wonder of the world by the ancients, not because of its size or strength but because of the beauty of its design and how it was decorated with sculpture or ornaments."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence on modern architecture",
"text": "Modern buildings whose designs were based upon or influenced by interpretations of the design of the Mausoleum of Mausolus include PNC Tower in Cincinnati; the Civil Courts Building in St. Louis; the National Newark Building in Newark, New Jersey; Grant's Tomb and 26 Broadway in New York City; Los Angeles City Hall; the Shrine of Remembrance in Melbourne; the spire of St. George's Church, Bloomsbury in London; the Indiana War Memorial ("
},
{
"section_header": "Later history of the Mausoleum",
"text": "This is also about when \"imaginative reconstructions\" of the Mausoleum began to appear."
},
{
"section_header": "Later history of the Mausoleum",
"text": "The Mausoleum overlooked the city of Halicarnassus for many years."
},
{
"section_header": "Later history of the Mausoleum",
"text": "By AD 1404, only the base of the Mausoleum was still recognizable."
},
{
"section_header": "Later history of the Mausoleum",
"text": "When they decided to fortify it in 1494, they used the stones of the Mausoleum."
},
{
"section_header": "Later history of the Mausoleum",
"text": "The small museum building next to the site of the Mausoleum tells the story."
}
] |
Mausoleum at Halicatnassus was not designed by Troy but by the Pythius of Priene.
| 1 | 6 |
Mausoleum at Halicarnassus
|
Music
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Philanthropy",
"text": "West, alongside his mother, founded the \"Kanye West Foundation\" in Chicago in 2003, tasked with a mission to battle dropout and illiteracy rates, while partnering with community organizations to provide underprivileged youth access to music education."
}
] |
yCLXuk1KCimE8TNHVAoQ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Philanthropy",
"text": "West, alongside his mother, founded the \"Kanye West Foundation\" in Chicago in 2003, tasked with a mission to battle dropout and illiteracy rates, while partnering with community organizations to provide underprivileged youth access to music education."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After his parents divorced when he was three years old, he moved with his mother to Chicago, Illinois."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Philanthropy",
"text": "Kanye West and friend, Rhymefest, also founded \"Donda's House, Inc\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "West's mother, Dr. Donda C. (Williams) West, was a professor of English at Clark Atlanta University, and the Chair of the English Department at Chicago State University, before retiring to serve as his manager."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships and family",
"text": "Kim, Saint, Chicago, and Psalm were all baptized four years later on October 7, 2019, at Holy Etchmiadzin, the mother church of the Armenian Church."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Mother's death",
"text": "On November 10, 2007, West's mother Donda West died at age 58."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Philanthropy",
"text": "In 2008, following the death of West's mother, the foundation was rechristened \"The Dr. Donda West Foundation."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Business ventures",
"text": "On January 5, 2012, West announced his establishment of the creative content company DONDA, named after his late mother Donda West."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "At the age of 10, West moved with his mother to Nanjing, China, where she was teaching at Nanjing University as part of an exchange program."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "According to his mother, West was the only foreigner in his class, but settled in well and quickly picked up the language, although he has since forgotten most of it."
}
] |
West and his mother founded the "Kayne West Foundation" in Chicago in 2003.
| 3 | 4 |
Kanye West
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The English conquered the New Netherland colony in 1664, though the situation did not change substantially until 1682 when the area was included in William Penn's charter for Pennsylvania."
}
] |
yCbP4JDOvvFt9y3hmaIN
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The Dutch considered the entire Delaware River valley to be part of their New Netherland colony."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The English conquered the New Netherland colony in 1664, though the situation did not change substantially until 1682 when the area was included in William Penn's charter for Pennsylvania."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In 1644, New Sweden supported the Susquehannocks in their military defeat of the English colony of Maryland."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In 1655, a Dutch military campaign led by New Netherland Director-General Peter Stuyvesant took control of the Swedish colony, ending its claim to independence."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "William Penn, an English Quaker, founded the city in 1682 to serve as capital of the Pennsylvania Colony."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In 1638, Swedish settlers led by renegade Dutch established the colony of New Sweden at Fort Christina (present-day Wilmington, Delaware) and quickly spread out in the valley."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Benjamin Franklin, a leading citizen, helped improve city services and founded new ones, such as fire protection, a library, and one of the American colonies' first hospitals."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "Its majority Christian populace is attributed to European colonialism and missionary work."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Dialect",
"text": "The Philadelphia dialect, which is spread throughout the Delaware Valley and South Jersey, is part of a larger Mid-Atlantic American English family, a designation that also includes the Baltimore dialect."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Philadelphia's importance and central location in the colonies made it a natural center for America's revolutionaries."
}
] |
The U.S. state of Philadelphia was originally part of the New Netherland colony before it became an English colony.
| 0 | 0 |
Philadelphia
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "Rogue One grossed $532.2 million in the United States and Canada and $523.8 million in other countries for a worldwide total of $1.056 billion."
}
] |
yCmgeavIlXdgqZjQ7yyX
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It received two Oscar nominations for Best Sound Mixing and Best Visual Effects."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "Rogue One grossed $532.2 million in the United States and Canada and $523.8 million in other countries for a worldwide total of $1.056 billion."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "In its fourth weekend, Sunday projections had the film grossing $22 million, besting newcomer Hidden Figures' $21.8 million."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "Disney chairman Bob Iger noted that Disney and Lucasfilm did not expect Rogue One to match The Force Awakens' total gross of $2.1 billion, nor its $248 million opening."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "Worldwide, the film was expected to gross $280–350 million in its opening weekend."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "The film spent an estimated total of $265 million and received a $45.5 million subsidy from the United Kingdom's film incentive program."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "Deadline Hollywood calculated the net profit of the film to be $319.6 million, when factoring together all expenses and revenues for the film, making it the third-most profitable release of 2016.In late November 2016, box office projections for the United States and Canada had the film grossing $100–150 million during its opening weekend."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "In the United States, the film made $29 million from its Thursday night previews, making it the highest-grossing Thursday opening of 2016."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "It is also the third Star Wars film to gross over $1 billion worldwide, following The Phantom Menace and The Force Awakens."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "The film grossed $46.3 million on Saturday, securing a total of $155.1 million in its opening weekend, the third-biggest debut of 2016."
}
] |
Rogue One: A Star Wars Story eceived two Oscar nominations for Best Sound Mixing and Best Visual Effects grossing $532.2 million in the United States and Canada and $523.8 million in other countries for a worldwide total of $1.056 billion.
| 0 | 0 |
Rogue One: A Star Wars Story
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Writing the Manifesto",
"text": "The Manifesto urged against inaction on the Cuban question, warning, We should, however, be recreant to our duty, be unworthy of our gallant forefathers, and commit base treason against our posterity, should we permit Cuba to be Africanized and become a second St. Domingo (Haiti), with all its attendant horrors to the white race, and suffer the flames to extend to our own neighboring shores, seriously to endanger or actually to consume the fair fabric of our Union."
},
{
"section_header": "Fallout",
"text": "When the document was published, Northerners were outraged by what they considered a Southern attempt to extend slavery."
}
] |
yCqHDL0SfuxOQTpsa0nD
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Ostend Manifesto, also known as the Ostend Circular, was a document written in 1854 that described the rationale for the United States to purchase Cuba from Spain while implying that the U.S. should declare war if Spain refused."
},
{
"section_header": "Fallout",
"text": "When the document was published, Northerners were outraged by what they considered a Southern attempt to extend slavery."
},
{
"section_header": "The Pierce administration",
"text": "\" While slavery was not the stated goal nor Cuba mentioned by name, the antebellum makeup of his party required the Northerner to appeal to Southern interests, so he favored the annexation of Cuba as a slave state."
},
{
"section_header": "Writing the Manifesto",
"text": "Prominent among the reasons for annexation outlined in the manifesto were fears of a possible slave revolt in Cuba parallel to the Haitian Revolution (1791–1804) in the absence of U.S. intervention."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Ostend Manifesto proposed a shift in foreign policy, justifying the use of force to seize Cuba in the name of national security."
},
{
"section_header": "Writing the Manifesto",
"text": "The resulting dispatch, which would come to be known as the Ostend Manifesto, declared that \"Cuba is as necessary to the North American republic as any of its present members, and that it belongs naturally to that great family of states of which the Union is the Providential Nursery\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Writing the Manifesto",
"text": "a minor disagreement about their meeting site , the three American diplomats met in Ostend, Belgium from October 9–11, 1854, then adjourned to Aachen, Prussia, for a week to prepare a report of the proceedings."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical context",
"text": "As slavery-free Western states were admitted, Southern politicians increasingly looked to Cuba as the next slave state."
},
{
"section_header": "Writing the Manifesto",
"text": "The Manifesto urged against inaction on the Cuban question, warning, We should, however, be recreant to our duty, be unworthy of our gallant forefathers, and commit base treason against our posterity, should we permit Cuba to be Africanized and become a second St. Domingo (Haiti), with all its attendant horrors to the white race, and suffer the flames to extend to our own neighboring shores, seriously to endanger or actually to consume the fair fabric of our Union."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The document was sent to Washington in October 1854, outlining why a purchase of Cuba would be beneficial to each of the nations and declaring that the U.S. would be \"justified in wresting\" the island from Spanish hands if Spain refused to sell."
}
] |
The Ostend Manifesto of 1854 was about annexing Cuba to extend slavery to Cuba.
| 0 | 0 |
Ostend Manifesto
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "With a film career spanning seven decades, Arkin is known for his performances in The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming (1966); Wait Until Dark (1967); The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter (1968); Popi (1969); Catch-22 (1970); The In-Laws (1979); Edward Scissorhands (1990); The Rocketeer (1991); Glengarry Glen Ross (1992); Thirteen Conversations About One Thing (2001); Little Miss Sunshine (2006); Get Smart (2008); Sunshine Cleaning (2008); and Argo (2012)."
}
] |
yDlkQXS4gdD3iGQl8VQx
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Arkin was born in Brooklyn, New York City, on March 26, 1934, the son of David I. Arkin, a painter and writer, and his wife, Beatrice (née Wortis), a teacher."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Alan Wolf Arkin (born March 26, 1934) is an American actor, director and screenwriter."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Directing",
"text": "The film opened to a lukewarm review by Roger Greenspan, and a more positive one by Vincent Canby in the New York Times."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "With a film career spanning seven decades, Arkin is known for his performances in The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming (1966); Wait Until Dark (1967); The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter (1968); Popi (1969); Catch-22 (1970); The In-Laws (1979); Edward Scissorhands (1990); The Rocketeer (1991); Glengarry Glen Ross (1992); Thirteen Conversations About One Thing (2001); Little Miss Sunshine (2006); Get Smart (2008); Sunshine Cleaning (2008); and Argo (2012)."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "They lived in Chappaqua, New York."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "He and Jeremy Yaffe (m. 1955–1961) have two sons: Adam Arkin, born August 19, 1956, and Matthew Arkin, born March 21, 1960."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Early work",
"text": "Arkin attended Los Angeles City College from 1951 to 1953."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Early work",
"text": "Arkin was an early member of the Second City comedy troupe in the 1960s."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Acting",
"text": "Arkin is one of only six actors to receive an Academy Award nomination for Best Actor for his first screen appearance (for The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming in 1966)."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Early work",
"text": "Arkin, who had been taking acting lessons since age 10, became a scholarship student at various drama academies, including one run by the Stanislavsky student Benjamin Zemach, who taught Arkin a psychological approach to acting."
}
] |
Alan Arkin was born in Brooklyn, New York City, on March 26, 1934 and had a film career spanning seven decades.
| 0 | 0 |
Alan Arkin
|
Popular Culture
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Humanitarian work | UNHCR ambassadorship",
"text": "Upon her return home, Jolie contacted the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) for information on international trouble spots."
}
] |
yE76BJ6KL1AVilxZ1s0n
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Her starring role as the video game heroine Lara Croft in Lara Croft: Tomb Raider (2001) established her as a leading Hollywood actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and family",
"text": "They reconciled when they appeared together in Lara Croft: Tomb Raider (2001), but their relationship again deteriorated."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2001–2004: Mainstream recognition",
"text": "Jolie reprised her role as Lara Croft in Lara Croft: Tomb Raider – The Cradle of Life (2003), which was not as lucrative as the original, earning $156.5 million at the international box office."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2001–2004: Mainstream recognition",
"text": "Although highly regarded for her acting abilities, Jolie had rarely found films that appealed to a wide audience, but Lara Croft: Tomb Raider (2001) made her an international superstar."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2001–2004: Mainstream recognition",
"text": "An adaptation of the popular Tomb Raider videogames, the film required her to learn an English accent and undergo extensive martial arts training to play the archaeologist-adventurer Lara Croft."
},
{
"section_header": "Humanitarian work | UNHCR ambassadorship",
"text": "Jolie first witnessed the effects of a humanitarian crisis while filming Lara Croft: Tomb Raider (2001) in war-torn Cambodia, an experience she later credited with having brought her a greater understanding of the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Children",
"text": "After twice visiting Cambodia, while filming Lara Croft: Tomb Raider (2001) and on a UNHCR field mission, Jolie returned in November 2001 with her husband, Billy Bob Thornton, where they met Maddox and subsequently applied to adopt him."
},
{
"section_header": "In the media | Appearance",
"text": "Some of her most commercially successful films, including Lara Croft: Tomb Raider (2001) and Beowulf (2007), overtly relied at least in part on her sex appeal, with Empire stating that her \"pneumatic figure\", \"feline eyes\", and \"bee-stung lips\" have greatly contributed to her appeal to cinema audiences."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and family",
"text": "\" At that point, her mother and brother also broke off contact with Voight."
},
{
"section_header": "Humanitarian work | Conservation and community development",
"text": "Together they filmed a 2005 MTV special, The Diary of Angelina Jolie & Dr. Jeffrey Sachs in Africa, which followed them on a trip to a Millennium Village in western Kenya."
},
{
"section_header": "Humanitarian work | UNHCR ambassadorship",
"text": "Upon her return home, Jolie contacted the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) for information on international trouble spots."
}
] |
Angelina Jolie contacted the UNCR after filming Lara Croft: Tomb Raider in Zimbabwe.
| 0 | 2 |
Angelina Jolie
|
Music
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Today, Buxtehude is considered one of the most important composers in Germany of the mid-Baroque."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dieterich Buxtehude (German: [ˈdiːtəʁɪç bʊkstəˈhuːdə]; Danish: Diderich, pronounced [ˈtiðˀəʁek bukstəˈhuːðə]; c. 1637/39 – 9 May 1707) was a Danish-German organist and composer of the Baroque period."
}
] |
yEURuCXUGOeKfA1kTYLs
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life | Lübeck: Marienkirche",
"text": "Johannes died a year later, and Dieterich composed his funeral music."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Today, Buxtehude is considered one of the most important composers in Germany of the mid-Baroque."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Lübeck: Marienkirche",
"text": "In addition to his musical duties, Buxtehude, like his predecessor Tunder, served as church treasurer."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Influence and legacy",
"text": "Although more than 100 vocal compositions by Buxtehude survive, very few of them were included in the important German manuscript collections of the period, and until the early twentieth century, Buxtehude was regarded primarily as a keyboard composer."
},
{
"section_header": "Works | General introduction",
"text": "Further evidence of lost works by Buxtehude and his contemporaries can be found in the recently discovered catalogue of a 1695 music-auction in Lübeck."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dieterich Buxtehude (German: [ˈdiːtəʁɪç bʊkstəˈhuːdə]; Danish: Diderich, pronounced [ˈtiðˀəʁek bukstəˈhuːðə]; c. 1637/39 – 9 May 1707) was a Danish-German organist and composer of the Baroque period."
},
{
"section_header": "Works | General introduction",
"text": "Chamber music constitutes a minor part of the surviving output, although the only chamber works Buxtehude published during his lifetime were fourteen chamber sonatas."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He composed in a wide variety of vocal and instrumental idioms, and his style strongly influenced many composers, including Johann Sebastian Bach, his student."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Influence and legacy",
"text": "His surviving church music is praised for its high musical qualities rather than its progressive elements."
},
{
"section_header": "Works | Keyboard works | Other keyboard works",
"text": "Of the organ works, a few keyboard canzonas are the only strictly contrapuntal pieces in Buxtehude's oeuvre and were probably composed with teaching purposes in mind."
}
] |
Dietrich Buxtehude is a music composer from Portugal.
| 1 | 1 |
Dietrich Buxtehude
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was the third child of Alberto Fermi, a division head in the Ministry of Railways, and Ida de Gattis, an elementary school teacher."
}
] |
yEiMHxIgoCQxvKzUY0VH
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Many awards, concepts, and institutions are named after Fermi, including the Enrico Fermi Award, the Enrico Fermi Institute, the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, the Enrico Fermi Nuclear Generating Station, and the synthetic element fermium, making him one of 16 scientists who have elements named after them."
},
{
"section_header": "Scuola Normale Superiore in Pisa",
"text": "Having lost one son, his parents only reluctantly allowed him to live in the school's lodgings for four years."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Enrico Fermi (Italian: [enˈriːko ˈfermi]; 29 September 1901 – 28 November 1954) was an Italian (later naturalized American) physicist and the creator of the world's first nuclear reactor, the Chicago Pile-1."
},
{
"section_header": "Manhattan Project",
"text": "Rabi said he told Enrico Fermi, but Fermi later gave the credit to Lamb: I remember very vividly the first month, January, 1939, that I started working at the Pupin Laboratories because things began happening very fast."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Enrico Fermi was born in Rome, Italy, on 29 September 1901."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact and legacy | Things named in Fermi's honor",
"text": "Three nuclear reactor installations have been named after him: the Fermi 1 and Fermi 2 nuclear power plants in Newport, Michigan, the Enrico Fermi Nuclear Power Plant at Trino Vercellese in Italy, and the RA-1 Enrico Fermi research reactor in Argentina."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "With scientifically inclined friend, Enrico Persico, Fermi pursued projects such as building gyroscopes and measuring the acceleration of Earth's gravity."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact and legacy | Legacy",
"text": "Fermi is generally remembered for his work on nuclear power and nuclear weapons, especially the creation of the first nuclear reactor, and the development of the first atomic and hydrogen bombs."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After the two boys were sent to a rural community to be wet nursed, Enrico rejoined his family in Rome when he was two and a half."
},
{
"section_header": "Professor in Rome",
"text": "The committee chose Fermi ahead of Enrico Persico and Aldo Pontremoli, and Corbino helped Fermi recruit his team, which was soon joined by notable students such as Edoardo Amaldi, Bruno Pontecorvo, Ettore Majorana and Emilio Segrè, and by Franco Rasetti, whom Fermi had appointed as his assistant."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was the third child of Alberto Fermi, a division head in the Ministry of Railways, and Ida de Gattis, an elementary school teacher."
}
] |
Enrico Fermi was the first kid from his parents.
| 0 | 0 |
Enrico Fermi
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Robert Granville Lemon (September 22, 1920 – January 11, 2000) was an American right-handed pitcher and manager in Major League Baseball (MLB)."
}
] |
yFH4RXz9VukA6lP7RGi3
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Bob Lemon was born in San Bernardino, California."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Full-time pitcher to World Series champion",
"text": "The Braves scored two runs in the bottom of the eighth inning but the Indians won the game, 4–3, to clinch the franchise's first World Series title since 1920."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Making it as a utility player",
"text": "Before that season, Lemon had only pitched one inning while with Oswego and another while with Wilkes-Barre."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Full-time pitcher to World Series champion",
"text": "When the Indians get behind and Lemon is pitching, he rarely is yanked for a pinch hitter in the early innings."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Second World Series appearance",
"text": "After nine innings, the Indians and Giants were tied 2–2."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Robert Granville Lemon (September 22, 1920 – January 11, 2000) was an American right-handed pitcher and manager in Major League Baseball (MLB)."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career | Managing | Chicago White Sox",
"text": "Lemon was fired the following season on June 30, 1978, by Veeck after Chicago posted a 34–40 record in the first half of the 1978 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career | Managing | New York Yankees",
"text": "The following season with the Yankees at 34–31, Lemon was fired in June by Steinbrenner and replaced by Martin, but he remained with the organization as he had a contract through the 1982 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Indians played in the 1948 World Series and were helped by Lemon's two pitching wins as they won the club's first championship since 1920."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Full-time pitcher to World Series champion",
"text": "On June 30, 1948, Lemon pitched a no-hitter against the Detroit Tigers in a 2–0 win, earning his 11th win and fifth shutout of the season."
}
] |
Lemon was a Gemini because he was born in June 1920.
| 1 | 4 |
Bob Lemon
|
Music
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Manilow has sold more than 75 million records as a solo artist worldwide, making him one of the world's best-selling artists."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Barry Manilow (born Barry Alan Pincus, June 17, 1943) is an American singer-songwriter, arranger, musician, producer and actor, with a career that has spanned more than 50 years."
}
] |
yFXk3SLSRbvWUIp8ijze
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Selected TV and movie appearances",
"text": "\"I Am Your Child\", winning her over with the song about a parent's bond with a child."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2000s",
"text": "The show aired on PBS in December 2007 and was rebroadcast over New Year 2009."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1990s",
"text": "Further Mercer compositions were set to music by Manilow over the following years, culminating in the 1991 Nancy Wilson release."
},
{
"section_header": "In media",
"text": "Arizona Court of Appeals Judge Philip Espinosa sued Manilow over the volume of a December 23, 1993, concert he attended with his wife."
},
{
"section_header": "Selected TV and movie appearances",
"text": "On May 17, 1989, he made the first of eight appearances as a guest on The Arsenio Hall Show over five years."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2000s",
"text": "Manilow also performed. In 2000, Manilow had two specials, Manilow Country and Manilow Live!, taped over two consecutive days at the Tennessee Performing Arts Center in Nashville, Tennessee."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2020s",
"text": "On February 14, 2020, Manilow released Night Songs II, which debuted at No. 32 on the Billboard 200, marking his sixth consecutive decade of top 40-charting albums beginning with Barry Manilow II in 1975."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1970s",
"text": "The special was nominated for four Emmys and won in the category of \"Outstanding Comedy-Variety or Music Special.\" The Second Barry Manilow Special in 1978, with Ray Charles as his guest, was also nominated for four Emmys."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Barry Manilow (born Barry Alan Pincus, June 17, 1943) is an American singer-songwriter, arranger, musician, producer and actor, with a career that has spanned more than 50 years."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2000s",
"text": "A further album in the decades themed series went on release September 18, 2007."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Manilow has sold more than 75 million records as a solo artist worldwide, making him one of the world's best-selling artists."
}
] |
The singer, Barry Manilow, has sold over 75,000,000 albums and has had a career for over four decades.
| 0 | 4 |
Barry Manilow
|
History
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "RMS Titanic was a British passenger liner operated by the White Star Line that sank in the North Atlantic Ocean in the early morning hours of 15 April 1912, after striking an iceberg during her maiden voyage from Southampton to New York City."
}
] |
yFw2RcC9ysJjxN7WarjH
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Maiden voyage",
"text": "In addition to Teutonic and Majestic, the RMS Oceanic and the brand new RMS Adriatic sailed the route."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "RMS Titanic was the largest ship afloat at the time she entered service and was the second of three Olympic-class ocean liners operated by the White Star Line."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Cultural",
"text": "And like the Titanic, she sinks after hitting an iceberg and does not have enough lifeboats."
},
{
"section_header": "Replicas",
"text": "The RMS Olympic was the sister ship of the Titanic."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Built in Belfast, Ireland, in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (as it was then known), the RMS Titanic was the second of the three Olympic-class ocean liners—the first was the RMS Olympic and the third was the HMHS Britannic."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Mail and cargo",
"text": "Her designation as a Royal Mail Ship (RMS) indicated that she carried mail under contract with the Royal Mail (and also for the United States Post Office Department)."
},
{
"section_header": "Maiden voyage | Passengers",
"text": "Titanic was able to sail on the scheduled date only because coal was transferred from other vessels which were tied up at Southampton, such as SS City of New York and RMS Oceanic, as well as coal Olympic had brought back from a previous voyage to New York, which had been stored at the White Star Dock."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "RMS Titanic was a British passenger liner operated by the White Star Line that sank in the North Atlantic Ocean in the early morning hours of 15 April 1912, after striking an iceberg during her maiden voyage from Southampton to New York City."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Mail and cargo",
"text": "Although Titanic was primarily a passenger liner, she also carried a substantial amount of cargo."
},
{
"section_header": "Building and preparing the ship | Sea trials",
"text": "Francis Carruthers, a surveyor from the Board of Trade, was also present to see that everything worked, and that the ship was fit to carry passengers."
}
] |
RMS Titanic was a ship that hit an object in the ocean carrying 2,224 passengers.
| 1 | 4 |
RMS Titanic
|
History
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "John Tyler (March 29, 1790 – January 18, 1862) was the tenth president of the United States from 1841 to 1845 after briefly serving as the tenth vice president in 1841; he was elected vice president on the 1840 Whig ticket with President William Henry Harrison."
}
] |
yGjfNqBVvzgLZJwaD1J5
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His unexpected rise to the presidency posed a threat to the presidential ambitions of Henry Clay and other politicians, and left Tyler estranged from both major political parties."
},
{
"section_header": "Political rise | Return to state politics",
"text": "Tyler was elected 131–81 over John Floyd."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "It is generally held in low esteem by historians; Edward P. Crapol began his biography John Tyler, the Accidental President (2006) by noting: \"Other biographers and historians have argued that John Tyler was a hapless and inept chief executive whose presidency was seriously flawed.\" In The Republican Vision of John Tyler (2003), Dan Monroe observed that the Tyler presidency \"is generally ranked as one of the least successful\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1841–1845) | Economic policy and party conflicts | Impeachment attempt",
"text": "Congressman John Botts, who opposed Tyler, introduced an impeachment resolution on July 10, 1842."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and legal career",
"text": "She died of a stroke when her son John was seven years old."
},
{
"section_header": "Vice presidency",
"text": "Seager later wrote, \"Had William Henry Harrison lived, John Tyler would undoubtedly have been as obscure as any vice-president in American history."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1841–1845) | Judicial appointments",
"text": "However, the Senate successively voted against confirming John C. Spencer, Reuben Walworth, Edward King and John M. Read (Walworth was rejected three times, King rejected twice)."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and legal career",
"text": "John Tyler Sr., commonly known as Judge Tyler, was a friend and college roommate of Thomas Jefferson and served in the Virginia House of Delegates alongside Benjamin Harrison V, father of William."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1841–1845) | Annexation of Texas | Early attempts",
"text": "In exchange for an appointment as consul to Hawaii, journalist Alexander G. Abell wrote a flattering biography, Life of John Tyler, which was printed in large quantities and given to postmasters to distribute."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and legal career",
"text": "John Tyler was born on March 29, 1790; like his future running mate, William Henry Harrison, Tyler hailed from Charles City County, Virginia, and was descended from aristocratic and politically entrenched families of English ancestry."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "John Tyler (March 29, 1790 – January 18, 1862) was the tenth president of the United States from 1841 to 1845 after briefly serving as the tenth vice president in 1841; he was elected vice president on the 1840 Whig ticket with President William Henry Harrison."
}
] |
John Tyler was a politician in the 1800s.
| 3 | 8 |
John Tyler
|
Sports
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the number retirement was postponed."
}
] |
yH3tVUoaOVwETkwBB54M
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | Retirement",
"text": "Although retired as a player, Halladay continued to be a part of the game as a guest instructor for the Philadelphia Phillies and Toronto Blue Jays."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Blue Jays organization posthumously retired his number 32 on March 29, 2018."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "On February 12, 2018, the Toronto Blue Jays announced they would retire Halladay's number 32 on Opening Day of the 2018 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "On March 2, 2019, Phillies free agent acquisition Bryce Harper, who wore uniform number 34 from his debut with the Washington Nationals in 2012, announced that he would not wear the number 34 as a member of the Phillies, stating that \"Roy Halladay should be the last one to wear it\" for the Phillies."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Retirement",
"text": "On December 9, 2013, Halladay signed a ceremonial one-day contract with the Blue Jays and announced his retirement from baseball due to injury."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the number retirement was postponed."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "The plane was reported to be Halladay's, and he had tweeted four weeks earlier about his excitement about acquiring the plane, which was reportedly registered in the name of Halladay's father, a retired commercial pilot."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "On February 4, 2020, the Phillies announced they would retire Halladay's number 34 on May 29, 2020, the 10th anniversary of his perfect game."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Retirement",
"text": "At his press conference, Halladay listed a persistent back injury, as well as wanting to be more involved with his family, as his reasons for retiring."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Harry Leroy \"Roy\" Halladay III (May 14, 1977 – November 7, 2017) was an American professional baseball pitcher, who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Toronto Blue Jays and Philadelphia Phillies between 1998 and 2013."
}
] |
Roy Halladay number was retired by the Toronto Blue Jays and the Philadelphia Phillies after his death.
| 2 | 10 |
Roy Halladay
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "This imperial structure lasted until 1720, until shortly after the death of the last major emperor, Aurangzeb, during whose reign the empire also achieved its maximum geographical extent."
}
] |
yHtFT6uodV4eDZO7rd2E
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Economy | Labour",
"text": "Mughal India's workforce had a higher percentage in the non-primary sector than Europe's workforce did at the time; agriculture accounted for 65–90% of Europe's workforce in 1700, and 65–75% in 1750, including 65% of England's workforce in 1750."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Industrial manufacturing",
"text": "Up until 1750, India produced about 25% of the world's industrial output."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Coinage",
"text": "The dam's value was later worth 30 to a rupee towards the end of Jahangir's reign, and then 16 to a rupee by the 1660s."
},
{
"section_header": "Administrative divisions",
"text": "The subahs were established by padshah (emperor) Akbar during his administrative reforms of 1572–1580; initially, they numbered 12, but his conquests expanded the number of subahs to 15 by the end of his reign."
},
{
"section_header": "Military | Gunpowder warfare",
"text": "Mughal India was one of the three Islamic gunpowder empires, along with the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Persia."
},
{
"section_header": "Administrative divisions",
"text": "Subah (Urdu: صوبہ) was the term for a province in the Mughal Empire."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Agriculture",
"text": "Indian agricultural production increased under the Mughal Empire."
},
{
"section_header": "Name",
"text": "In the west, the term \"Mughal\" was used for the emperor, and by extension, the empire as a whole."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Population",
"text": "By the time of Aurangzeb's reign, there were a total of 455,698 villages in the Mughal Empire."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Mughal Empire (Persian: مغلیہ سلطنت, romanized: mug͟hliyah saltanat) or Mogul Empire, self-designated as Gurkani (Persian: گورکانیان, Gūrkāniyān,"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "This imperial structure lasted until 1720, until shortly after the death of the last major emperor, Aurangzeb, during whose reign the empire also achieved its maximum geographical extent."
}
] |
The Mughal Empire ended in the 1750s.
| 1 | 4 |
Mughal Empire
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Joe Buck, a young Texan working as a dishwasher, quits his job and heads to New York City to become a male prostitute."
}
] |
yHuk77UKAcjjLPUvSRin
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Midnight Cowboy is the only X-rated film ever to win Best Picture."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At the 42nd Academy Awards, the film won three awards: Best Picture, Best Director and Best Adapted Screenplay."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Upon initial review by the Motion Picture Association of America, Midnight Cowboy received a \"Restricted\" (\"R\") rating."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Joe Buck, a young Texan working as a dishwasher, quits his job and heads to New York City to become a male prostitute."
},
{
"section_header": "Soundtrack",
"text": "Fred Neil's song \"Everybody's Talkin'\" won a Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Vocal Performance, Male for Harry Nilsson."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "The film earned $11 million in rentals in the United States and Canada in 1969 and added a further $5.3 million the following year when it was nominated and won the Academy Award for Best Picture."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Set in New York City, Midnight Cowboy depicts the unlikely friendship between two hustlers: naïve prostitute Joe Buck (Voight), and ailing con man \"Ratso\" Rizzo (Hoffman)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Midnight Cowboy is a 1969 American buddy drama film, based on the 1965 novel of the same name by James Leo Herlihy."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1994, Midnight Cowboy was deemed \"culturally, historically or aesthetically significant\" by the Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry."
},
{
"section_header": "Soundtrack",
"text": "The title music from Midnight Cowboy and some of the incidental cues were included in the documentary ToryBoy"
}
] |
Midnight Cowboy was the only film to win Best Picture that had a X-rating and is about a male prostitute that lives in Las Vegas.
| 0 | 0 |
Midnight Cowboy
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Cuyler was born in Harrisville, Michigan, on August 30, 1898, to George and Anna Cuyler."
}
] |
yIReF1NLtqbsY6te2s49
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | Pittsburgh Pirates",
"text": "In the second explanation, \"Kiki Cuyler\" came from the player's stuttering problem and the way it sounded when Cuyler said his own last name."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Pittsburgh Pirates",
"text": "Two explanations have been given for the origin of Cuyler's nickname, \"Kiki\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "In 2008, State Highway M-72 within Alcona County was named the \"Hazen Shirley 'Kiki' Cuyler Memorial Highway\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Hazen Shirley Cuyler (; August 30, 1898 – February 11, 1950), nicknamed Kiki, was an American professional baseball right fielder."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Cuyler was born in Harrisville, Michigan, on August 30, 1898, to George and Anna Cuyler."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Pittsburgh Pirates",
"text": "This was the only time Cuyler would win a World Series."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Pittsburgh Pirates",
"text": "After a missed cutoff throw, Bush benched Cuyler for the season, Cuyler appeared in 10 games for the rest of the season mainly as a pinch hitter."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "While in school, Cuyler excelled in baseball, football, basketball and athletics."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Chicago Cubs and later career",
"text": "1930 Cuyler set career highs in hits (228),"
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "\" The Sporting News stated the Cuyler was \"a model on and off the field"
}
] |
Kiki Cuyler was a Michigander.
| 0 | 0 |
Kiki Cuyler
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors",
"text": "The award honored her \"for fundamental discoveries on wavelets and wavelet expansions and for her role in making wavelets methods a practical basic tool of applied mathematics\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors",
"text": "She became a foreign member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1999.In 2000, Daubechies became the first woman to receive the National Academy of Sciences Award in Mathematics, presented every 4 years for excellence in published mathematical research."
}
] |
yIa3UUsYm84rzSDaXYWW
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She is a member of the National Academy of Engineering, the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors",
"text": "She became a foreign member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1999.In 2000, Daubechies became the first woman to receive the National Academy of Sciences Award in Mathematics, presented every 4 years for excellence in published mathematical research."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors",
"text": "Between 1992 and 1997 she was a fellow of the MacArthur Foundation and in 1993 was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors",
"text": "In 1998, she was elected to the United States National Academy of Sciences and won the Golden Jubilee Award for Technological Innovation from the IEEE Information Theory Society"
},
{
"section_header": "Publications",
"text": "D. Aerts and I. Daubechies, A connection between propositional systems in Hilbert spaces and von Neumann algebras, Helv."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors",
"text": "\"In 2018, Daubechies was awarded the Fudan-Zhongzhi Science Award ($440,000) for her work on wavelets."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors",
"text": "Daubechies received the Louis Empain Prize for Physics in 1984, awarded once every five years to a Belgian scientist on the basis of work done before the age of 29."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors",
"text": "The Simons Foundation, a private foundation based in New York City that funds research in mathematics and the basic sciences, gave Daubechies the Math + X Investigator award, which provides money to professors at American and Canadian universities to encourage new partnerships between mathematicians and researchers other fields of science."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She also developed sophisticated image processing techniques used to help establish the authenticity and age of some of the world's most famous works of art including paintings by Vincent van Gogh and Rembrandt."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors",
"text": "Europe).In 2020, Daubechies received the Princess of Asturias Award for Technical and Scientific Research."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors",
"text": "The award honored her \"for fundamental discoveries on wavelets and wavelet expansions and for her role in making wavelets methods a practical basic tool of applied mathematics\"."
}
] |
Ingrid Daubechies received the National Academy of Sciences Award in Mathematics for her work in developing connections between geometry and combinatorics.
| 0 | 0 |
Ingrid Daubechies
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Foster was born in Calvert, Texas on September 17, 1879."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Foster, considered by historians to have been perhaps the best African-American pitcher of the first decade of the 1900s, also founded and managed the Chicago American Giants, one of the most successful black baseball teams of the pre-integration era."
}
] |
yJ5dgeVtVgPh9bg1mONG
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"Foster adopted his longtime nickname, \"Rube\", as his official middle name later in life."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The Negro Leagues Baseball Museum hosts the annual Andrew \"Rube\" Foster Lecture, in September."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "According to various accounts, including his own, Foster acquired the nickname \"Rube\" after defeating star Philadelphia Athletics left-hander Rube Waddell in a postseason exhibition game played sometime between 1902 and 1905."
},
{
"section_header": "Negro National League",
"text": "The ECL raided the older circuit for players, Foster's own ace pitcher Dave Brown among them."
},
{
"section_header": "Negro National League",
"text": "After two years of finishing behind the Monarchs, Foster \"cleaned house\" in spring, 1925, releasing several veterans (including Lyons and pitchers Dick Whitworth and Tom Williams)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Andrew \"Rube\" Foster (September 17, 1879 – December 9, 1930) was an American baseball player, manager, and executive in the Negro leagues."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Foster, considered by historians to have been perhaps the best African-American pitcher of the first decade of the 1900s, also founded and managed the Chicago American Giants, one of the most successful black baseball teams of the pre-integration era."
},
{
"section_header": "Chicago American Giants",
"text": "He was also considered a great teacher, and many of his players themselves eventually became managers, including Pete Hill, Bruce Petway, Bingo DeMoss, Dave Malarcher, Sam Crawford, Poindexter Williams, and many others."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "A newspaper story in the Trenton (NJ) Times from July 26, 1904, contains the earliest known example of Foster being referred to as \"Rube\", indicating that the supposed meeting with Waddell must have taken place earlier than that."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "According to Phil Dixon's American Baseball Chronicles: Great Teams, The 1905 Philadelphia Giants, Volume III \" In completing the summer of 1902 with Otsego's multi-ethnic team—the only multi-race team with which he would ever regularly perform—Foster is reported to have pitched twelve games."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Foster was born in Calvert, Texas on September 17, 1879."
}
] |
Rube Foster was a Texan and a great pitcher.
| 0 | 0 |
Rube Foster
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Defiant Ones is a 1958 adventure drama film which tells the story of two escaped prisoners, one white and one black, who are shackled together and who must co-operate in order to survive."
}
] |
yJD8gcCvyN2T3T4PosWL
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "When the film was first released, Bosley Crowther, film critic for The New York Times, lauded the production and the acting in the film, writing, \"A remarkably apt and dramatic visualization of a social idea—the idea of men of different races brought together to face misfortune in a bond of brotherhood—is achieved by producer Stanley Kramer in his new film, The Defiant Ones... Between the two principal performers there isn't much room for a choice."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Defiant Ones is a 1958 adventure drama film which tells the story of two escaped prisoners, one white and one black, who are shackled together and who must co-operate in order to survive."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "\"Variety magazine likewise praised the acting and discussed the film's major theme, writing, \"The theme of The Defiant Ones is that what keeps men apart is their lack of knowledge of one another."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Sam persuades the onlookers to lock the convicts up and turn them in the next morning, but that night, he secretly releases them, after revealing to them that he is also a former chain-gang prisoner."
},
{
"section_header": "Remakes, tributes and parodies",
"text": "In the \"Coyote Lovely\" episode, after handcuffing Lana and Cyril together, Archer says \"... just like The Defiant Ones.\" In the video game Red Dead Redemption 2, a side mission involves two shackled men, Mr. Black & Mr. White, escaping a chain gang."
},
{
"section_header": "Remakes, tributes and parodies",
"text": "The basis of The Defiant Ones was revisited several times in popular media: Warner Bros. parodied the film in Friz Freleng's 1961 cartoon D' Fightin' Ones, in which Sylvester the Cat escapes from captivity in a dogcatcher truck while chained to a bulldog."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Carl \"Alfalfa\" Switzer, of the Our Gang comedies, has a small role."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Curtis was cast afterwards. Curtis did request Poitier's name appear with his above the movie title marking a first for Poitier in his career."
},
{
"section_header": "Remakes, tributes and parodies",
"text": "In 1984, in the season 1 episode \"Some Like It Hot\" of the American sitcom Night Court, the movie plot was briefly alluded to by a maintenance man as Dan and Liz (white and black characters, respectively) are handcuffed together: \"Tony Curtis, Sidney Poitier ... what was the name of that movie?\" The 1985 sci-fi film Enemy Mine pitted a white earthling (Dennis Quaid) against a lizard-like alien (Louis Gossett Jr) while stranded on a desolate planet."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "One night in the American South, a truck loaded with prisoners in the back swerves to miss another truck and crashes through a barrier."
}
] |
Defiant Ones is a movie about a gang of teens in a poor neighborhood in New York that was released in 1959.
| 0 | 0 |
The Defiant Ones
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Vocalist and pianist Chris Martin, guitarist Jonny Buckland, bassist Guy Berryman, and drummer Will Champion met at University College London and began playing music together from 1996 to 1998, first calling themselves Pectoralz and then Starfish before finally changing their name to Coldplay."
}
] |
yJYlCSjwhKjXh1vhRsnt
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Musical style",
"text": "Their alternative rock style has been compared to bands like U2, Oasis, A-ha, R.E.M., and Radiohead."
},
{
"section_header": "Activism and commercial endorsements",
"text": "After the death of Steve Jobs, Coldplay performed four songs at Apple's Campus in Cupertino, further thanking Jobs for the support he gave them."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2007–2010: Viva la Vida or Death and All His Friends",
"text": "Coldplay were nominated for four awards at the 2009 Brit Awards: British Group, British Live Act, British Single (\"Viva la Vida\") and British Album ("
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1999–2002: Parachutes",
"text": "Four singles were released from Parachutes, including \"Shiver\" and \"Yellow\", and enjoyed popularity in the UK and US."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1996–1999: Formation and first years",
"text": "Their first release was the single \"Brothers & Sisters\", which they had recorded over four days in February 1999.After completing their final examinations, Coldplay signed a five-album contract with Parlophone in early 1999."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1999–2002: Parachutes",
"text": "It was Coldplay's first release to reach the top five, rising to number four on the UK Singles Chart."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Four years later, in November 2019, they released their eighth album, Everyday Life, which received mainly positive reviews."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "la Vida Tour (2008–2010) Mylo Xyloto Tour (2011–2012) Ghost Stories Tour (2014) A Head Full of Dreams Tour (2016–2017) Coldplay have won numerous music awards throughout their history, including an American Music Award, nine Brit Awards (including winning the Best British Group four times), six MTV Video Music Awards, seven MTV Europe Music Awards, three World Music Awards, seven Billboard Music Awards and seven Grammy Awards out of 29 nominations."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1996–1999: Formation and first years",
"text": "Coldplay have since accepted Harvey as the fifth member of the group."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2015–2018: A Head Full of Dreams",
"text": "On 8 October 2017, Coldplay debuted live"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Vocalist and pianist Chris Martin, guitarist Jonny Buckland, bassist Guy Berryman, and drummer Will Champion met at University College London and began playing music together from 1996 to 1998, first calling themselves Pectoralz and then Starfish before finally changing their name to Coldplay."
}
] |
Coldplay has four bandmates.
| 0 | 0 |
Coldplay
|
Popular Culture
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Modern organization | United States | Air Force",
"text": "The United States Air Force has a similarly sized and configured unit called a flight."
}
] |
yJhqvsNdJY4hTf5YHOoS
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In some armies, platoon is used throughout the branches of the army."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology | Use as a firing unit",
"text": "This is found in the ballad El Preso Numero Nueve, popularized by Joan Baez."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern organization | Georgia",
"text": "The Georgian Armed Forces equivalent of the platoon is the so-called Ozeuli."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern organization | Singapore",
"text": "Beginning in 1992, the Singapore Armed Forces has allowed warrant officers to be appointed as platoon commanders."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern organization | Hungary",
"text": "In the Hungarian Armed Forces, a Rifle Platoon is commanded by either a 2nd Lieutenant or a 1st Lieutenant, with a Platoon Sergeant (with the rank of Sergeant Major), a Platoon Signaller, an APC driver and an APC gunner composing the Platoon Headquarters."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern organization | Russia",
"text": "A motorised rifle platoon in the Soviet Armed Forces was mounted in either BTR armoured personnel carriers or BMP infantry fighting vehicles, with the former being more numerous into the late 1980s."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology | Use as a firing unit",
"text": "The system was also used in the British, Austrian, Russian and Dutch armies."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern organization | United States | Air Force",
"text": "The United States Air Force has a similarly sized and configured unit called a flight."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Platoon organization varies depending on the country and the branch, but are generally around 50 strong, although specific platoons may range from 9 to 100 men."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern organization | South Africa",
"text": "The LMG group is armed with the SS77 while rest of the platoon is armed with R4 assault rifles, with rifle grenades if available."
}
] |
Platoons are found in every branch of the US armed forces.
| 2 | 7 |
Platoon
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It premiered at the Berlin International Film Festival, where it won the Silver Bear Award for Best Director and a Special Artistic Contribution Award for Jonny Greenwood's score."
}
] |
yJoGH0OERWT11oK615gY
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Release | Top ten lists | Decade-end lists",
"text": "At the Movies critic Michael Phillips named There Will Be Blood the decade's best film."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Top ten lists | Decade-end lists",
"text": "For the final word on Blood, I'll quote Plainview: \" It was one goddamn hell of a show.\" Chicago Tribune and"
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Top ten lists | Decade-end lists",
"text": "Awfully good! Entertainment Weekly critic Lisa Schwarzbaum named There Will Be Blood the decade's best film as well."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Box office performance",
"text": "The first public screening of There Will Be Blood was on September 29, 2007, at Fantastic Fest in Austin, Texas."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "In 1898, Daniel Plainview is a silver prospector mining a potentially precious ore vein from a pit mine hole in New Mexico."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical reception",
"text": "\"Richard Schickel in Time praised There Will Be Blood as \"one of the most wholly original American movies ever made.\" Critic Tom Charity, writing about CNN's ten-best films list, calls the film the only \"flat-out masterpiece\" of 2007."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Day-Lewis who won Oscar, BAFTA, Golden Globe, Screen Actors Guild, NYFCC and IFTA"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film won two Oscars: Best Actor for Day-Lewis and the Best Cinematography for Robert Elswit."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "According to Day-Lewis, being asked to do the film was enough to convince him."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "After contacting Schlosser, he adapted the first 150 pages to a screenplay."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It premiered at the Berlin International Film Festival, where it won the Silver Bear Award for Best Director and a Special Artistic Contribution Award for Jonny Greenwood's score."
}
] |
There Will Be Blood won an accolade named after an ursine made of precious metal at its first ever showing.
| 0 | 0 |
There Will Be Blood
|
History
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Adopting a Marxist–Leninist model of development, Castro converted Cuba into a one-party, socialist state under Communist Party rule, the first in the Western Hemisphere."
}
] |
yKcYIOnm49rAt5R6ZDFK
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (; American Spanish: [fiˈðel aleˈxandɾo ˈkastɾo ˈrus]; 13 August 1926 – 25 November 2016) was a Cuban revolutionary and politician who served as Prime Minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976 and President from 1976 to 2008."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Adopting a Marxist–Leninist model of development, Castro converted Cuba into a one-party, socialist state under Communist Party rule, the first in the Western Hemisphere."
},
{
"section_header": "Premiership | Economic stagnation and Third World politics: 1969–1974",
"text": "Officially announcing Cuba's identity as a socialist state, the first National Congress of the Cuban Communist Party was held, and a new constitution adopted that abolished the position of President and Prime Minister."
},
{
"section_header": "Premiership | Consolidating leadership: 1959–1960",
"text": "On 16 February 1959, Castro was sworn in as Prime Minister of Cuba."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ideologically a Marxist-Leninist and Cuban nationalist, he also served as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba from 1961 until 2011."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency | Pink tide: 2000–2006",
"text": "Meanwhile, in 1998, Canadian Prime Minister Jean Chrétien arrived in Cuba to meet Castro and highlight their close ties."
},
{
"section_header": "Premiership | Bay of Pigs Invasion and \"Socialist Cuba\": 1961–1962",
"text": "Consolidating \"Socialist Cuba\", Castro united the MR-26-7, PSP and Revolutionary Directorate into a governing party based on the Leninist principle of democratic centralism: the Integrated Revolutionary Organizations (Organizaciones Revolucionarias Integradas – ORI), renamed the United Party of the Cuban Socialist Revolution (PURSC) in 1962."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career | Youth: 1926–1947",
"text": "In 1947, Castro joined the Party of the Cuban People (Partido Ortodoxo), founded by veteran politician Eduardo Chibás."
},
{
"section_header": "Cuban Revolution | Provisional government: 1959",
"text": "As a result, Prime Minister José Miró Cardona resigned, going into exile in the U.S. and joining the anti-Castro movement."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After Batista's overthrow in 1959, Castro assumed military and political power as Cuba's Prime Minister."
}
] |
Fidel Castro, a Cuban revolutionary and politician who served as Prime Minister of Cuba, converted his country into a two party state.
| 1 | 1 |
Fidel Castro
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1916, Joplin descended into dementia as a result of syphilis."
}
] |
yKpGWZUkJE1XS82DwjLR
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life in Missouri",
"text": "After the Joplins moved to St. Louis in early 1900, they had a baby daughter who died only a few months after birth."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "In his later years, after achieving fame as a composer, Joplin sent his former teacher \"... gifts of money when he was old and ill\" until Weiss died."
},
{
"section_header": "Life in Missouri",
"text": "She died on September 10, 1904, of complications resulting from a cold, ten weeks after their wedding."
},
{
"section_header": "Life in Missouri",
"text": "About this time, Joplin collaborated with Scott Hayden in the composition of four rags."
},
{
"section_header": "Life in Missouri",
"text": "In 1899, Joplin married Belle the sister-in-law of collaborator Scott Hayden."
},
{
"section_header": "Later years and death",
"text": "Scott writes that \"after a disastrous single performance ... Joplin suffered a breakdown."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was admitted to Manhattan State Hospital in January 1917 and died there three months later at the age of 48."
},
{
"section_header": "Revival",
"text": "Schonberg remarked in February 1972 that the \"Scott Joplin Renaissance\" was in full swing and still growing."
},
{
"section_header": "Later years and death",
"text": "He died there on April 1 of syphilitic dementia at the age of 48 and was buried in a pauper's grave that remained unmarked for 57 years."
},
{
"section_header": "Later years and death",
"text": "In 1914, Joplin and Lottie self-published his \"Magnetic Rag\" as the Scott Joplin Music Company, which he had formed the previous December."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1916, Joplin descended into dementia as a result of syphilis."
}
] |
Scott Joplin died from cancer.
| 0 | 0 |
Scott Joplin
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The series follows the life of Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo), the daughter of esteemed general surgeon Ellis Grey, starting from her acceptance into the surgical residency program at the fictional Seattle Grace Hospital, (later named Grey Sloan Memorial Hospital)."
}
] |
yLCdAI41VY8nY3U3arfN
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Kudos to Ellen Pompeo for her fine work."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It revolves around the title character, Dr. Meredith Grey, played by Ellen Pompeo."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "He added \"'How to Save a Life\" may not be the ideal Emmy-submission episode for Ellen Pompeo, considering Meredith is off screen for more than half of it."
},
{
"section_header": "Production and development | Conception",
"text": "The show's title, Grey's Anatomy, was devised as a play on words: a reference to both Henry Gray's classic English medical textbook, Gray's Anatomy (first published in 1858 and still in print), and the title character Dr. Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo)."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | U.S. television ratings",
"text": "Below is a table of Grey's Anatomy's seasonal rankings in the U.S. television market, based on average total viewers per episode."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Impact",
"text": "An additional study conducted by Brian Quick of the University of Illinois indicated that the show's portrayal of doctors being \"smart, good looking, capable, and interesting\", leads viewers to associating real-world doctors to be that way."
},
{
"section_header": "Broadcast history",
"text": "Grey's Anatomy's first season commenced airing as a mid-season replacement to Boston Legal on March 27, 2005 and concluded on May 22, 2005."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast and characters | Recurring",
"text": "Robbins receives a grant to aid children in Malawi, which leads to a falling out between her and Torres."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The original cast consisted of nine star-billed actors: Ellen Pompeo, Sandra Oh, Katherine Heigl, Justin Chambers, T. R. Knight, Chandra Wilson, James Pickens Jr., Isaiah Washington and Patrick Dempsey."
},
{
"section_header": "Spin-offs, etc. | Private Practice",
"text": "Also not present in the backdoor pilot was McDonald, due to her character, Naomi Bennett, being portrayed by a different actress, Merrin Dungey."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The series follows the life of Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo), the daughter of esteemed general surgeon Ellis Grey, starting from her acceptance into the surgical residency program at the fictional Seattle Grace Hospital, (later named Grey Sloan Memorial Hospital)."
}
] |
Grey's Anatomy's lead character is portrayed by Ellen Pompeo.
| 0 | 0 |
Grey's Anatomy
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Sea-Wolf is a 1904 psychological adventure novel by American writer Jack London."
}
] |
yLicEtIo67NzjCxGdqwk
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Film adaptations",
"text": "The Sea Wolf (1997), starring Stacy Keach"
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "He strives to protect her from the crew, the horrors of the sea, and Wolf Larsen."
},
{
"section_header": "Film adaptations",
"text": "The Sea Wolf (1993, TV), starring Christopher Reeve and Charles Bronson"
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | Wolf Larsen",
"text": "This animalistic strength is representative of London's belief in Social Darwinism; Wolf Larsen's body had adapted so that Larsen could best survive on the sea and among sailors."
},
{
"section_header": "Film adaptations",
"text": "The Sea Wolf (1920), a silent motion picture starring Noah Beery (Larsen) and Tom Forman (van Weyden) The Sea Wolf (1926), a silent motion picture starring Ralph Ince and Claire Adams (Maud) The Sea Wolf (1930), starring Milton Sills and the former USRC Bear as the sealer Macedonia"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Sea-Wolf is a 1904 psychological adventure novel by American writer Jack London."
},
{
"section_header": "Film adaptations",
"text": "Legend of the Sea Wolf (Italy, 1975), starring Chuck Connors and Giuseppe Pambieri"
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "According to London himself, \"much of the Sea Wolf is imaginary development, but the basis is Alexander McLean\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | Wolf Larsen",
"text": "He spent his entire life at sea: cabin-boy at twelve, ship's boy at fourteen, seaman at sixteen, able seaman at seventeen."
},
{
"section_header": "Film adaptations",
"text": "Sea Wolf (ZDF, Canada/Germany, 2009), starring Sebastian Koch, Stephen Campbell Moore, Neve Campbell and Tim Roth."
}
] |
The Sea Wolf is a tragedy.
| 0 | 0 |
The Sea Wolf
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was also known as \"Miner\", having worked in western Indiana coal mines for a while before beginning his professional baseball career."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mordecai Peter Centennial Brown (October 19, 1876 – February 14, 1948), nicknamed Three Finger or Miner, was an American Major League Baseball pitcher and manager during the first two decades of the 20th century (known as the \"dead-ball era\")."
}
] |
yLyRiPa2mnGmwvS5ehoM
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "His 2.06 ERA is the best in MLB history for any pitcher with more than 200 wins."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mordecai Peter Centennial Brown (October 19, 1876 – February 14, 1948), nicknamed Three Finger or Miner, was an American Major League Baseball pitcher and manager during the first two decades of the 20th century (known as the \"dead-ball era\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "Mr. Burns lists three ringers he wants for his company's softball team: Honus Wagner, Cap Anson, and Mordecai \"Three Finger\" Brown."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "With this technique he became one of the elite pitchers of his era."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Brown finished his major league career with a 239–130 record, 1375 strikeouts, and a 2.06 ERA, the third best ERA in Major League Baseball history amongst players inducted into the Hall of Fame, after Ed Walsh and Addie Joss."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Mathewson's Reds prevailed 10-8 over Brown's Cubs, as the Cubs' ninth-inning rally fell short."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "According to his biography, in an exhibition game against the famous House of David touring team in 1928, at the age of 51, he pitched three innings as a favor to the local team, and struck out all nine batters he faced."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Brown was born in Nyesville, Indiana."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Brown was a switch-hitter, which was and is unusual for a pitcher."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Brown was a third baseman in semipro baseball in 1898 when his team's pitcher failed to appear for a game and Brown was put in to pitch."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was also known as \"Miner\", having worked in western Indiana coal mines for a while before beginning his professional baseball career."
}
] |
Mordecai Brown was an athlete in the MLB dead-ball era and was called "Miner".
| 0 | 0 |
Mordecai Brown
|
Sports
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "World Series championships",
"text": "The Yankees have won a record 27 World Series Championships."
}
] |
yMXPJpRGJxplQI2DtzNo
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Rivalries | Subway Series",
"text": "The term's historic usage has been in reference to World Series games played between New York teams."
},
{
"section_header": "World Series championships",
"text": "The Yankees have won a record 27 World Series Championships."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2008–2016: Championship run, followed by losing streak",
"text": "They Yankees defeated the Philadelphia Phillies, in the World Series 4–2, their 27th World Series title."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1903–1912: Move to New York and the Highlanders years",
"text": "The team was named the New York Highlanders."
},
{
"section_header": "Rivalries | Subway Series",
"text": "The Subway Series is a series of games played between teams based in New York City."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1996–2007: Core Four: Jeter, Posada, Pettitte, and Rivera",
"text": "In 2000, the Yankees faced the Mets in the first New York City Subway World Series in 44 years."
},
{
"section_header": "Rivalries | Subway Series",
"text": "Since 1997, the term Subway Series has also been applied to interleague play during the regular season between the Yankees and National League New York Mets."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1913–1922: New owners, a new home, and a new name: Years at the Polo Grounds",
"text": "In 1913 the team became officially known as the New York Yankees."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1903–1912: Move to New York and the Highlanders years",
"text": "New York Press Sports Editor Jim Price coined the unofficial nickname Yankees (or \"Yanks\") for the club as early as 1904, because it was easier to fit in headlines."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1936–1951: Joltin' Joe DiMaggio",
"text": "The team won an unprecedented four straight World Series titles from 1936 to 1939."
}
] |
The New York Yankees has the most World Series titles.
| 4 | 5 |
New York Yankees
|
Science
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Applications | Entropy balance equation for open systems",
"text": "This account, in terms of heat and work, is valid only for cases in which the work and heat transfers are by paths physically distinct from the paths of entry and exit of matter from the system."
},
{
"section_header": "Applications | Entropy balance equation for open systems",
"text": "If there are mass flows across the system boundaries, they also influence the total entropy of the system."
}
] |
yMcruRTRiDrwCpIv2WzK
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Definitions and descriptions | Statistical mechanics",
"text": "Specifically, entropy is a logarithmic measure of the number of states with significant probability of being occupied: S"
},
{
"section_header": "Applications | Entropy balance equation for open systems",
"text": "In chemical engineering, the principles of thermodynamics are commonly applied to \"open systems\", i.e. those in which heat, work, and mass flow across the system boundary."
},
{
"section_header": "Definitions and descriptions | Statistical mechanics",
"text": "This definition describes the entropy as being proportional to the natural logarithm of the number of possible microscopic configurations of the individual atoms and molecules of the system (microstates) that could cause the observed macroscopic state (macrostate) of the system."
},
{
"section_header": "Applications | Entropy balance equation for open systems",
"text": "{Q}}_{j}} is the heat flow and"
},
{
"section_header": "Applications | Entropy balance equation for open systems",
"text": "the rate of entropy flow due to the flow of heat across the system boundary."
},
{
"section_header": "Applications | Entropy balance equation for open systems",
"text": "This account, in terms of heat and work, is valid only for cases in which the work and heat transfers are by paths physically distinct from the paths of entry and exit of matter from the system."
},
{
"section_header": "Applications | Entropy balance equation for open systems",
"text": "Flows of both heat ( Q"
},
{
"section_header": "Definitions and descriptions | Classical thermodynamics",
"text": "The difference between an isolated system and closed system is that heat may not flow to and from an isolated system, but heat flow to and from a closed system is possible."
},
{
"section_header": "Definitions and descriptions | Entropy of a system",
"text": "For instance, a substance at uniform temperature is at maximum entropy and cannot drive a heat engine."
},
{
"section_header": "Definitions and descriptions | Classical thermodynamics",
"text": "In any process where the system gives up energy ΔE, and its entropy falls by ΔS, a quantity at least TR ΔS of that energy must be given up to the system's surroundings as unusable heat (TR is the temperature of the system's external surroundings)."
},
{
"section_header": "Applications | Entropy balance equation for open systems",
"text": "If there are mass flows across the system boundaries, they also influence the total entropy of the system."
}
] |
In chemical engineering, a flow of heat must be part of matter's exit or entrance to be a factor of the system's entropy.
| 1 | 5 |
Entropy
|
Sports
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Playing career",
"text": "Williams never played for Houston; he was acquired in an off-season \"paper transaction\" on October 12, 1962, then traded to the Red Sox for another outfielder, Carroll Hardy, on December 10."
}
] |
yMkALmSzMZbIZNwJkJDn
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Playing career",
"text": "On June 27, 1963, Williams was victimized by one of the greatest catches in Fenway Park history."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Managerial career | An \"Impossible Dream\" in Boston",
"text": "At 35, Williams was at a career crossroads: Richards gave him a spring training invitation but no guarantee that he would make the 1965 Astros' playing roster; the Red Sox offered Williams a job as playing coach with their Triple-A farm team, the Seattle Rainiers of the Pacific Coast League."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Playing career",
"text": "Williams never played for Houston; he was acquired in an off-season \"paper transaction\" on October 12, 1962, then traded to the Red Sox for another outfielder, Carroll Hardy, on December 10."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Playing career",
"text": "His two-year playing career in Boston was uneventful, except for one occasion."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Playing career",
"text": "After attending Pasadena City College, he signed his first professional contract with the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947, and played his first major league game with Brooklyn in 1951."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Playing career",
"text": "As a result, he learned to play several positions (he was frequently a first baseman and third baseman) and became a notorious \"bench jockey\" in order to keep his major league job."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Managerial career | An \"Impossible Dream\" in Boston",
"text": "\"The Red Sox began 1967 playing better baseball and employing the aggressive style of play that Williams had learned with the Dodgers."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Playing career",
"text": "Williams was born on May 7, 1929, in St. Louis, Missouri, and lived there until age 13, when his family moved to Pasadena, California."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Playing career",
"text": "A right-handed batter and thrower, Williams was listed as 6 feet (1.8 m) tall and 190 pounds (86 kg)."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Playing career",
"text": "Williams posted a career batting average of .260; his 768 hits included 70 home runs, 157 doubles and 12 triples."
}
] |
Williams played for the Astros in 1963.
| 3 | 6 |
Dick Williams
|
Technology
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is one of the two massive B2C online retailers in China by transaction volume and revenue, a member of the Fortune Global 500 and a major competitor to Alibaba-run Tmall."
},
{
"section_header": "Price war with Dangdang | Price war in physical books",
"text": "On December 10, 2010, JD's founder Liu Qiangdong announced through his Weibo account that every book sold on JD.com would be priced at 20 percent cheaper than its competitors."
}
] |
yMpq7A2rD0o7hAHmC5wY
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The company was founded by Liu Qiangdong on June 18, 1998, and its retail platform went online in 2004."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is one of the two massive B2C online retailers in China by transaction volume and revenue, a member of the Fortune Global 500 and a major competitor to Alibaba-run Tmall."
},
{
"section_header": "Price war with Dangdang | Price war in physical books",
"text": "On December 10, 2010, JD's founder Liu Qiangdong announced through his Weibo account that every book sold on JD.com would be priced at 20 percent cheaper than its competitors."
},
{
"section_header": "Price war with Dangdang | Price war in physical books",
"text": "On the same day, Liu Qiangdong posted through his Weibo account that JD.com would give coupons instead of reducing prices to protect the benefits of publishers, which marked a phase of the price war."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "January 2004: The company’s B2C site went online as jdlaser.com."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "January 2018: JD.com invest in Vietnam's online retail service tiki.vn for $50 million."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "June 1998: The company was founded as Jingdong Century Trading Co., Ltd selling magneto-optical in Beijing, China."
},
{
"section_header": "Price war with Dangdang | Price war in physical books",
"text": "The price war between JD.com and Dangdang started on December 14; users of JD.com found out that the books were cheaper than from Dangdang."
},
{
"section_header": "Price war with Dangdang | Price war in physical books",
"text": "Liu said that JD.com could not get supplies from some book publishers due to contracts between Dangdang and the publishers."
},
{
"section_header": "Price war with Dangdang | Price war in physical books",
"text": "In November 2011, the second stage of the competition was triggered by Suning.com, a B2C shopping platform, announcing they would expand their business to include book selling."
}
] |
JD.com is the only extensive B2C retailer in Japan that was founded by Liu Qiangdong.
| 1 | 3 |
JD.com
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was a member of the Solomonic dynasty who traced his lineage to Emperor Menelik I."
}
] |
yN6kNFR3xDO25VGpAHxW
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1940s and 1950s",
"text": "Haile Selassie also maintained cordial relations with the government of the United Kingdom through charitable gestures."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was a member of the Solomonic dynasty who traced his lineage to Emperor Menelik I."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1940s and 1950s",
"text": "In 1942 and 1945, Haile Selassie applied to the Holy Synod of the Coptic Orthodox Church to establish the independence of Ethiopian bishops, and when his appeals were denied he threatened to sever relations with the Coptic Church of Alexandria."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life",
"text": "Ras Makonnen served as a general in the First Italo–Ethiopian War, playing a key role at the Battle of Adwa; Haile Selassie was thus able to ascend to the imperial throne through his paternal grandmother, Woizero Tenagnework Sahle Selassie, who was an aunt of Emperor Menelik II and daughter of the Solomonic Amhara King of Shewa, Negus Sahle Selassie."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | King and Emperor",
"text": "Haile Selassie introduced Ethiopia's first written constitution on 16 July 1931, providing for a bicameral legislature."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1940s and 1950s",
"text": "He also tried to improve relations between the state and ethnic groups, and granted autonomy to Afar lands that were difficult to control."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | King and Emperor",
"text": "\" The constitution limited the succession to the throne to the descendants of Haile Selassie, a point that met with the disapprobation of other dynastic princes, including the princes of Tigrai and even the emperor's loyal cousin, Ras Kassa Haile Darge."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1940s and 1950s | 1958 famine of Tigray",
"text": "Despite this, Emperor Haile Selassie refused to send significant emergency food aid, resulting in the deaths of approximately 100,000 people."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Conflict with Italy | Exile debate",
"text": "Haile Selassie appointed his cousin"
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Conflict with Italy | Collective security and the League of Nations, 1936",
"text": "It was in this context that Haile Selassie walked into the hall of the League of Nations, introduced by the President of the Assembly as \"His Imperial Majesty, the Emperor of Ethiopia\" (Sa Majesté Imperiale, l'Empereur d'Ethiopie)."
}
] |
Haile Selassie was related to Emperor Menelik I.
| 0 | 0 |
Haile Selassie
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Debs died in 1926, not long after being admitted to a sanatorium due to cardiovascular problems that developed during his time in prison."
}
] |
yNoHG5ykCH7I42PWSFtj
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Socialist leader | Incarceration",
"text": "The people are awakening. In due course of time they will come into their own."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Debs died in 1926, not long after being admitted to a sanatorium due to cardiovascular problems that developed during his time in prison."
},
{
"section_header": "Socialist leader | Last years",
"text": "In late 1926, he was admitted to Lindlahr Sanitarium in Elmhurst, Illinois."
},
{
"section_header": "Socialist leader | Incarceration",
"text": "Let the people take heart and hope everywhere, for the cross is bending, midnight is passing, and joy cometh with the morning."
},
{
"section_header": "Socialist leader",
"text": "At the time of his arrest for mail obstruction, Debs was not yet a socialist."
},
{
"section_header": "Socialist leader | Incarceration",
"text": "As the midnight approaches the Southern Cross begins to bend, and the whirling worlds change their places, and with starry finger-points the Almighty marks the passage of Time upon the dial of the universe; and though no bell may beat the glad tidings, the look-out knows that the midnight is passing – that relief and rest are close at hand."
},
{
"section_header": "Socialist leader | Incarceration",
"text": "During his time in prison, Debs wrote a series of columns deeply critical of the prison system."
},
{
"section_header": "Socialist leader | Presidential elections",
"text": "Notably, the Nineteenth Amendment passed in 1920, granting women the federal right to vote, and with the expanded voting pool, his vote total accounted for only 3.4% of the total number of votes cast."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Debs ran as a Socialist candidate for President of the United States five times, including 1900 (earning 0.6% of the popular vote), 1904 (3.0%), 1908 (2.8%), 1912 (6.0%) and 1920 (3.4%), the last time from a prison cell."
},
{
"section_header": "Labor activism | Pullman Strike",
"text": "On July 9, 1894, a New York Times editorial called Debs \"a lawbreaker at large, an enemy of the human race\"."
}
] |
Debs passed due to an unknown virus at the time in a sanitarium.
| 0 | 3 |
Eugene V. Debs
|
Sports
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Earle Bryan Combs (May 14, 1899 – July 21, 1976) was an American professional baseball player who played his entire career for the New York Yankees (1924–1935)."
}
] |
yNu2HRN9xDkuQcY5owMz
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Life after baseball",
"text": "Combs and his wife Ruth (1901–1989) had three sons, Earle Jr, Charles and Donald."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Life after baseball",
"text": "In November 1962, he laid the foundation stone for Earle B. Combs Hall, a dormitory at Eastern."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Earle Bryan Combs (May 14, 1899 – July 21, 1976) was an American professional baseball player who played his entire career for the New York Yankees (1924–1935)."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Major league years",
"text": "Joe McCarthy (another longtime Yankee manager) said, \"They wouldn't pay baseball managers much of a salary if they all presented as few problems as did Earle Combs.\" Said Babe Ruth: \" Combs was more than a good ballplayer; he was always a first-class gentleman.\" American sportswriter and baseball historian Fred Lieb wrote of Combs, \"If a vote were taken of the sportswriters as to who their favorite ballplayer on the Yankees would be, Combs would have been their choice.\"After"
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early years",
"text": "Combs was born in Pebworth, Owsley County, Kentucky."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early baseball career",
"text": "Combs continued to play baseball in his spare time."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Major league years",
"text": "Combs suffered a serious accident in July 1934."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nicknamed \"the Kentucky Colonel\", Combs was known as a gentleman on and off the field."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Life after baseball",
"text": "Combs was selected for induction into the Hall of Fame in 1970 by the Veterans Committee."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early baseball career",
"text": "It was in Lexington (in 1922) that Combs drew the attention of the Louisville Colonels of the American Association."
}
] |
Earle Combs was a Chicago Cubs batter.
| 0 | 1 |
Earle Combs
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early baseball career",
"text": "In 1913, he joined the United States Navy and served on the USS New Hampshire, a 16,000-ton battleship that was large enough to field a baseball team."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Edgar Charles \"Sam\" Rice (February 20, 1890 – October 13, 1974) was an American pitcher and outfielder in Major League Baseball."
}
] |
yOiMZLSaEBU7vxWwX7EC
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Major league career | First MLB seasons",
"text": "Rice played 19 of his 20 seasons with the Washington Senators."
},
{
"section_header": "Early baseball career",
"text": "Leigh is credited with two acts which influenced Rice's subsequent career: he changed the player's name from \"Edgar\" to \"Sam\", and he convinced the Senators to let Rice play in the outfield instead of pitching."
},
{
"section_header": "Early baseball career",
"text": "In 1913, he joined the United States Navy and served on the USS New Hampshire, a 16,000-ton battleship that was large enough to field a baseball team."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Later career",
"text": "The Senators also began to explore younger players for their outfield spots."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Edgar Charles \"Sam\" Rice (February 20, 1890 – October 13, 1974) was an American pitcher and outfielder in Major League Baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Playing for the Washington Senators from 1915 until 1933, he was regularly among the American League leaders in runs scored, hits, stolen bases and batting average."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Later career",
"text": "The Senators held \"Sam Rice Day\" in late 1932, where the team presented him with several gifts, including a check for more than $2200 and a new Studebaker automobile."
},
{
"section_header": "Early baseball career",
"text": "In 1914, Rice joined the Petersburg Goobers of the Virginia League as a pitcher."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Rice's father survived for another week before also succumbing to his injuries."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although Rice made his debut as a relief pitcher, he is best known as an outfielder."
}
] |
Sam Rice joined the Navy before playing for the Washington Senators as an outfielder.
| 1 | 2 |
Sam Rice
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The series premiered on October 31, 2010."
}
] |
yOpytnwpS5cZCqe7jo9d
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Series overview | Season 11",
"text": "AMC announced that The Walking Dead was renewed for an eleventh season on October 5, 2019, just prior to the tenth-season premiere."
},
{
"section_header": "Series overview",
"text": "The Walking Dead takes place after the onset of a worldwide zombie apocalypse."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A second spinoff, The Walking Dead: World Beyond, is set to premiere in 2020."
},
{
"section_header": "Series overview | Season 11",
"text": "Lauren Cohan has been confirmed to be returning to the show as Maggie."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A spinoff series Fear the Walking Dead premiered on August 23, 2015, and is renewed for a sixth season."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The series was adapted from the comic by Frank Darabont, who also served as the showrunner for the first season."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Walking Dead is an American post-apocalyptic horror television series for AMC based on the comic book series by Robert Kirkman, Tony Moore, and Charlie Adlard."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Walking Dead is produced by AMC Studios within the state of Georgia, with most filming taking place in the large outdoor spaces of Riverwood Studios near Senoia, Georgia."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Beginning with its third season, The Walking Dead has attracted the most 18- to 49-year-old viewers of any cable or broadcast television series, though viewership has declined in later seasons."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The series premiered on October 31, 2010."
}
] |
The show The Walking Dead was first released in October of 2011.
| 1 | 4 |
The Walking Dead (TV series)
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Andrew Lloyd Webber, Baron Lloyd-Webber (born 22 March 1948) is an English composer and impresario of musical theatre."
}
] |
yP3i6B1zyg3qekUCfkN8
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Other works",
"text": "Watership Down (1999) - Lloyd Webber and Mike Batt, main soundtrack composer of the animated series adaptation of Richard Adams' novel of the same name, composed the song \"Fields of Sun\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 2001 The New York Times referred to him as \"the most commercially successful composer in history\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | 2000s",
"text": ": Your Country Needs You, was broadcast to find a performer for a song that he would compose for the competition."
},
{
"section_header": "Shows",
"text": "Note: Music composed by Andrew Lloyd Webber unless otherwise noted."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He has composed 21 musicals, a song cycle, a set of variations, two film scores, and"
},
{
"section_header": "Other works",
"text": "Requiem (1985) – A classical choral work composed in honour of his father, William."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | 2010s",
"text": "He and lyricist and composer Tim Rice wrote a number of new songs for the production to supplement the songs from the film."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, is an inductee into the Songwriter's Hall of Fame, and is a fellow of the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers, and Authors."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Early years",
"text": "Although composed in 1965, The Likes of Us was not publicly performed until 2005, when a production was staged at Lloyd Webber's Sydmonton Festival."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Andrew Lloyd Webber, Baron Lloyd-Webber (born 22 March 1948) is an English composer and impresario of musical theatre."
}
] |
Weber is a Welsh composer.
| 0 | 0 |
Andrew Lloyd-Webber
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Albert Benjamin Albert Benjamin \"Happy\" Chandler Sr. (July 14, 1898 – June 15, 1991) was an American politician from Kentucky."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He represented Kentucky in the U.S. Senate and served as its 44th and 49th governor."
}
] |
yPszORTkJUx3Fz8E8CVR
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "U.S. Senator | Aspirations",
"text": "In mid-1937, he began advocating for Marvel Mills Logan, Kentucky's junior senator, to be appointed to the US Supreme Court, creating a Senate vacancy to which Chandler, as governor, could appoint himself."
},
{
"section_header": "U.S. Senator | Appointment",
"text": "The following day, Johnson appointed Chandler to Logan's vacated seat in the Senate."
},
{
"section_header": "U.S. Senator | Aspirations",
"text": "Barkley, who had been recently chosen as Senate Majority Leader by a single vote, was a strong supporter of Roosevelt and the New Deal."
},
{
"section_header": "U.S. Senator | Appointment",
"text": "Later, Chandler joined with Southern senators in opposing the repeal of poll taxes, which had been long used as a mechanism to prevent blacks from voting."
},
{
"section_header": "U.S. Senator | Appointment",
"text": "On October 9, 1939, following the death of Senator Logan, Chandler resigned as governor, elevating Lieutenant Governor Keen Johnson to the governorship."
},
{
"section_header": "U.S. Senator | Appointment",
"text": "Chandler's mentor, Harry F. Byrd, led a group of Southern conservatives in the Senate, and through Byrd's influence, Chandler was appointed to the Committee on Military Affairs."
},
{
"section_header": "U.S. Senator | Aspirations",
"text": "Because Roosevelt was very popular in Kentucky, Chandler was put in the awkward position of expressing personal support of the president and opposing his handpicked leader in the Senate and his New Deal legislation."
},
{
"section_header": "U.S. Senator | Aspirations",
"text": "The death of another federal judge on January 26 provided a second opportunity for Roosevelt to appoint Senator Logan to a judgeship and appease Chandler, but Logan refused to consider the appointment."
},
{
"section_header": "U.S. Senator | Aspirations",
"text": "In April, polls showed Barkley ahead of Chandler by a 2-to-1 margin, and the May 3 primary victory of Florida Senator Claude Pepper, who supported the New Deal, finally persuaded Chandler to abandon his attacks of the program."
},
{
"section_header": "U.S. Senator | Appointment",
"text": "Of his vote against the bill, Chandler remarked, \"I am against lynching by anybody and of anybody, black or white, but the present bill carries penalties on local officials and local subdivisions which I think are too severe.\" The bill passed in the House of Representatives but died in the Senate."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Albert Benjamin Albert Benjamin \"Happy\" Chandler Sr. (July 14, 1898 – June 15, 1991) was an American politician from Kentucky."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He represented Kentucky in the U.S. Senate and served as its 44th and 49th governor."
}
] |
Happy Chandler was a Senator for Virginia.
| 0 | 0 |
Happy Chandler
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Her breakthrough came with the role of a precocious teenager in Atonement (2007), which earned her a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Saoirse Una Ronan ( SUR-shə; born 12 April 1994) is an Irish and American actress."
}
] |
yQWoxNl0xEPFTswTZNM4
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Saoirse Una Ronan was born on 12 April 1994 in The Bronx, New York City,"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Saoirse Una Ronan ( SUR-shə; born 12 April 1994) is an Irish and American actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Her breakthrough came with the role of a precocious teenager in Atonement (2007), which earned her a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "I Could Never Be Your Woman (2007)."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life and media image",
"text": "In reviewing Lady Bird in 2017, The New York Times critic A.O. Scott ranked Ronan as \"one of the most formidable actors in movies today\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Atonement and early work (2003–2009)",
"text": "At the age of 12, Ronan attended a casting call for Joe Wright's 2007 film adaptation of Ian McEwan's novel Atonement."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Critical recognition (2015–present)",
"text": "The film and Ronan's performance were acclaimed; Peter Bradshaw of The Guardian considered it to be a \"heartfelt and absorbing film\" and wrote that Ronan's \"calm poise anchors almost every scene and every shot\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Atonement and early work (2003–2009)",
"text": "Ronan's first film was Amy Heckerling's romantic comedy"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Rising star (2010–2014)",
"text": "Ronan's performance and the film's action sequences were praised by critics."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Atonement and early work (2003–2009)",
"text": "It was theatrically released in a few international markets in 2007, but given a direct-to-video release in the US in 2008, after it struggled to attract financing and several deals disintegrated during its post-production."
}
] |
Saoirse Una Ronan's breakout movie came in 2007.
| 0 | 0 |
Saoirse Ronan
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Gaius Julius Caesar (named in honor of his famous relative) was born in Antium (modern Anzio and Nettuno) on 31 August 12 AD, the third of six surviving children born to Germanicus and his second cousin Agrippina the Elder."
}
] |
yREs1rAgwOu42oQlcbXM
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Historiography",
"text": "There are few surviving sources on Caligula and none of them paints Caligula in a favourable light."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Health",
"text": "All surviving sources, except Pliny the Elder, characterize Caligula as insane."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Gaius Julius Caesar (named in honor of his famous relative) was born in Antium (modern Anzio and Nettuno) on 31 August 12 AD, the third of six surviving children born to Germanicus and his second cousin Agrippina the Elder."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Historiography",
"text": "Only two sources contemporary with Caligula have survived – the works of Philo and Seneca."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "There are few surviving sources about the reign of Caligula, although he is described as a noble and moderate emperor during the first six months of his rule."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Caligula (; Gaius Caesar Augustus Germanicus; 31 August 12 – 24 January 41) was the third Roman emperor, ruling from 37 to 41."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | In film and series",
"text": "The third season of the Roman Empire series (released on Netflix in 2019) is named Caligula: The Mad Emperor with South African actor Ido Drent in the leading role."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Health",
"text": "Additionally, given Caligula's unpopularity among the surviving sources, it is difficult to separate fact from fiction."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | In music",
"text": "Caligula would grin.\"Sodom Caligula would grin.\"Sodom (band) released a track called Caligula on their 2016 released album Decision DayCaligula (Lingua Ignota album) is the third studio album by Lingua Ignota (musician), released July 19, 2019."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Historiography",
"text": "Nonetheless, these lost primary sources, along with the works of Seneca and Philo, were the basis of surviving secondary and tertiary histories on Caligula written by the next generations of historians."
}
] |
Caligula was the third child of the kids from his parents that survived.
| 2 | 4 |
Caligula
|
Music
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "The couple had three children: Chábeli (born 3 September 1971), a socialite; Julio Jr. (born 25 February 1973), a singer; and Enrique (born 8 May 1975), an internationally successful singer-songwriter, actor, and record producer."
}
] |
yRjIV5zYquzskPZkiQ3m
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Iglesias was born in Madrid to Julio Iglesias Sr., a medical doctor from Ourense who became one of the youngest gynecologists in the country, and María del Rosario de la Cueva y Perignat."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "The couple had three children: Chábeli (born 3 September 1971), a socialite; Julio Jr. (born 25 February 1973), a singer; and Enrique (born 8 May 1975), an internationally successful singer-songwriter, actor, and record producer."
},
{
"section_header": "Entertainment career",
"text": "In 2015, Iglesias was slated to perform a complete concert for the first time with his son Julio Iglesias Jr. in a tour in Romania, on 22 May at Sala Polivalentă in Cluj-Napoca and 2 July at Sala Palatului in the capital city, Bucharest."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "They had five children: Miguel Alejandro Iglesias (born 7 September 1997), Rodrigo Iglesias (born 3 April 1999), twins Cristina and Victoria Iglesias (born 1 May 2001), and Guillermo Iglesias ("
},
{
"section_header": "Entertainment career",
"text": "They also collaborated with The Beach Boys"
},
{
"section_header": "Entertainment career",
"text": "From it came the first English-language hit of his career, a Spanish cover of \"Begin the Beguine\" which became number 1 in the United Kingdom; he also released a collection, Julio (1983)."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "A week before his death, it became known that his 42-year-old wife, Ronna Keith, was pregnant with their second child."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "On 19 December 2005, Iglesias's father died of a heart attack at the age of 90."
},
{
"section_header": "Entertainment career",
"text": "The album spent 15 weeks in the Spanish charts and peaked at #3."
},
{
"section_header": "Entertainment career",
"text": "The family recorded \"The Little Drummer Boy\" in Spanish and English and included it in the family's Christmas card."
}
] |
Julio Iglesias is the father of Enrique Iglesias, who is the youngest of 3 boys from his first wife.
| 0 | 1 |
Julio Iglesias
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The activation energy (Ea) of a reaction is measured in joules per mole (J/mol), kilojoules per mole (kJ/mol) or kilocalories per mole (kcal/mol)."
}
] |
yRl9LVa6HloHYccOaDLJ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Relationship with Gibbs energy of activation",
"text": "The overall reaction energy change is not altered by the activation energy."
},
{
"section_header": "Relationship with Gibbs energy of activation",
"text": "A. More specifically, we can write the Gibbs free energy of activation in terms of enthalpy and entropy of activation: ΔG‡"
},
{
"section_header": "Relationship with Gibbs energy of activation",
"text": "The total free energy change of a reaction is independent of the activation energy however."
},
{
"section_header": "Relationship with Gibbs energy of activation",
"text": "The enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs energy of activation are more correctly written as Δ‡Ho, Δ‡So and Δ‡Go"
},
{
"section_header": "Relationship with Gibbs energy of activation",
"text": "Physical and chemical reactions can be either exergonic or endergonic, but the activation energy is not related to the spontaneity of a reaction."
},
{
"section_header": "Negative activation energy",
"text": "Elementary reactions exhibiting these negative activation energies are typically barrierless reactions, in which the reaction proceeding relies on the capture of the molecules in a potential well."
},
{
"section_header": "Relationship with Gibbs energy of activation",
"text": "Instead of also using Ea, the Eyring equation uses the concept of Gibbs energy and the symbol ΔG‡ to denote the Gibbs energy of activation to achieve the transition state."
},
{
"section_header": "Relationship with Gibbs energy of activation",
"text": "In the Arrhenius equation, the term activation energy (Ea) is used to describe the energy required to reach the transition state, and the exponential relationship k = A exp(-Ea/RT) holds."
},
{
"section_header": "Relationship with Gibbs energy of activation",
"text": "Due to the relatively small magnitude of TΔS‡ and RT at ordinary temperatures for most reactions, in sloppy discourse, Ea, ΔG‡, and ΔH‡ are often conflated and all referred to as the \"activation energy\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Catalysts",
"text": "only the activation energy is altered (lowered)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The activation energy (Ea) of a reaction is measured in joules per mole (J/mol), kilojoules per mole (kJ/mol) or kilocalories per mole (kcal/mol)."
}
] |
Activation energy is not calculated in watts.
| 0 | 0 |
Activation energy
|
Music
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He has received an Academy Award, eight Tony Awards (more than any other composer, including a Special Tony Award for Lifetime Achievement in the Theatre), eight Grammy Awards, a Pulitzer Prize, a Laurence Olivier Award, and a 2015 Presidential Medal of Freedom."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Stephen Joshua Sondheim (; born March 22, 1930) is an American composer and lyricist known for his work in musical theatre."
}
] |
yS23qH3Vc10Ulxqjln8B
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "Outstanding Musical, Music, and Lyrics, 1993–94)OBIE Awards Road Show (Music and Lyrics, 2009)Laurence Olivier Award"
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "Stage Film and television Drama Desk Awards Company (Best Musical, Outstanding Music, and Lyrics, 1969–70) Follies (Outstanding Music and Lyrics, 1970–71) A Little Night Music (Outstanding Music and Lyrics, 1972–73) Sweeney Todd (Outstanding Musical, Music, and Lyrics, 1978–79) Merrily We Roll Along (Outstanding Lyrics, 1981–82) Sunday in the Park with George (Outstanding Musical and Lyrics, 1983–84) Into the Woods (Outstanding Musical and Lyrics, 1987–88) Passion ("
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He has received an Academy Award, eight Tony Awards (more than any other composer, including a Special Tony Award for Lifetime Achievement in the Theatre), eight Grammy Awards, a Pulitzer Prize, a Laurence Olivier Award, and a 2015 Presidential Medal of Freedom."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The first award, to Sondheim, was presented at an April 27,"
},
{
"section_header": "As composer and lyricist | Collaborations with James Lapine (1984–1994)",
"text": "With a run of 280 performances, Passion was the shortest-running show to win a Tony Award for Best Musical."
},
{
"section_header": "As composer and lyricist",
"text": "Sondheim's score was not well received; although the show won several Tony Awards (including best musical), he did not receive a nomination."
},
{
"section_header": "As composer and lyricist | Work away from Broadway",
"text": "One of Sondheim's songs for the film, \" Sooner or Later (I Always Get My Man)\", sung in the movie by Madonna, won him an Academy Award."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Signature Theatre in Arlington, Virginia established its Sondheim Award, which includes a $5,000 donation to a nonprofit organization of the recipient's choice, \"as a tribute to America's most influential contemporary musical theatre composer\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Its annual Student Performer of the Year Competition awards a £1,000 prize to one of twelve musical-theatre students from UK drama schools and universities."
},
{
"section_header": "As composer and lyricist | Work away from Broadway",
"text": "Who's Afraid of Stephen Sondheim?"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Stephen Joshua Sondheim (; born March 22, 1930) is an American composer and lyricist known for his work in musical theatre."
}
] |
Stephen Sondheim is a musician that has been awarded many awards.
| 1 | 5 |
Stephen Sondheim
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life and background",
"text": "But he dropped out and returned to his family in Porbandar."
}
] |
ySHIptdxXOdNE4ieXVIr
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Death",
"text": "There he died about 30 minutes later as one of Gandhi's family members read verses from Hindu scriptures."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Three years in London | Student of law",
"text": "His brother saw him off. Gandhi attended University College, London which is a constituent college of University of London."
},
{
"section_header": "Principles, practices, and beliefs | On inter-religious relations | Christians",
"text": "According to Eric Sharpe – a professor of Religious Studies, though Gandhi was born in a Hindu family and later became Hindu by conviction, many Christians in time thought of him as an \"exemplary Christian and even as a saint\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Three years in London | Student of law",
"text": "Mavji Dave Joshiji, a Brahmin priest and family friend, advised Gandhi and his family that he should consider law studies in London."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life and background",
"text": "His family then rejoined him in Rajkot."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Struggle for Indian independence (1915–1947) | Partition and independence",
"text": "The British government did not order its army to move in to contain the violence."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Three years in London | Student of law",
"text": "Gandhi came from a poor family, and he had dropped out of the cheapest college he could afford."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Three years in London | Student of law",
"text": "His mother was not comfortable about Gandhi leaving his wife and family, and going so far from home."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life and background",
"text": "But he dropped out and returned to his family in Porbandar."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary works",
"text": "Later, Navajivan was also published in Hindi."
}
] |
Gandhi finished the university and later moved with his family.
| 0 | 0 |
Mahatma Gandhi
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "He was laid to rest at Riverside Cemetery in Spencer, Indiana."
}
] |
yTEFTpzFuBYEamTj6PLY
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Johnson died at age 67 in St. Louis, Missouri, just a few hours after his successor, Ernest Barnard."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Byron Bancroft \"Ban\" Johnson (January 5, 1864 – March 28, 1931) was an American executive in professional baseball who served as the founder and first president of the American League (AL)."
},
{
"section_header": "Formation of the American League",
"text": "With the help of Comiskey, who had purchased the Sioux City franchise and moved it to St. Paul in 1894 after leaving the Reds, Johnson initiated an ambitious plan of expansion."
},
{
"section_header": "Formation of the American League",
"text": "their manager Franklin was told right up to Jan. 29, 1901, that \"Buffalo was in the league and not to worry\", Ban Johnson unceremoniously dumped Buffalo and placed the franchise in Boston."
},
{
"section_header": "Downfall",
"text": "Eventually, the league divided into two factions, with the Red Sox, White Sox and New York Yankees on one side (commonly known as \"The Insurrectos\") and the other five clubs (the Indians, Philadelphia Athletics, St. Louis Browns, Detroit Tigers and Washington Senators, known as the \"Loyal Five\") on the other."
},
{
"section_header": "Downfall",
"text": "Landis banned two New York Giants from the Series for attempting to bribe members of the Philadelphia Phillies late in the season."
},
{
"section_header": "Formation of the American League",
"text": "The Buffalo Bisons were to be a member of the new American League and"
},
{
"section_header": "Formation of the American League",
"text": "For the 1900 season, the Western League was renamed as the American League, although it remained a minor league."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Johnson was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1937 as one of its charter members."
},
{
"section_header": "Formation of the American League",
"text": "The latter move was made with the blessing of the NL, which saw Comiskey's team as a way to head off any attempt to revive the American Association."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "He was laid to rest at Riverside Cemetery in Spencer, Indiana."
}
] |
Ban Johnson was an American executive in professional baseball that died and was buried in St. Louis Missouri.
| 0 | 0 |
Ban Johnson
|
Popular Culture
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Development and pre-production",
"text": "Arrival is based on the Nebula-winning science fiction novella, \"Story of Your Life\" by Ted Chiang, written in 1998."
}
] |
yTJSn56il4opPawqrugb
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Arrival is a 2016 American science fiction film directed by Denis Villeneuve and written by Eric Heisserer."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development and pre-production",
"text": "Villeneuve had wanted to make a science fiction film for some time, although he \"never found the right thing\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development and pre-production",
"text": "Arrival is based on the Nebula-winning science fiction novella, \"Story of Your Life\" by Ted Chiang, written in 1998."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "We tried to pull back on that a little bit, but then Denis stopped me in the [color timing] and told me not to be so concerned about skin tone and let her be pasty, let her exist in that melancholy space, let us feel that visually.\" When discussing the film with Villeneuve, Young described the director's goal of making a \"dirty\" science fiction film, by making the look of the film more grounded and \"slightly boring\" as Villeneuve put it."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development and pre-production",
"text": "As a result, he decided to try and adapt the story into a film script as he wanted to share it with a wider audience."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development and pre-production",
"text": "Villeneuve changed the title, as he felt the original sounded like a romantic comedy and that the script had become very different from the short story."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Based on the 1998 short story \"Story of Your Life\" by Ted Chiang, it stars Amy Adams, Jeremy Renner, and Forest Whitaker."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Best Cinematography, Best Adapted Screenplay, and won for Best Sound Editing."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development and pre-production",
"text": "Cohen and Levine, however, introduced Villeneuve to the novella, which the director immediately took to, although his work on Prisoners meant that he did not have the time to properly adapt it into a screenplay with Heisserer."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "At the 89th Academy Awards, it won the Academy Award for Best Sound Editing, and received nominations for Best Picture, Best Director, Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Cinematography, Best Film Editing, Best Production Design and Best Sound Mixing."
}
] |
The film "Arrival" is an adaptation of a science fiction short novel.
| 0 | 1 |
Arrival (film)
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It opened in 2007 on the site of the original Wembley Stadium, which was demolished from 2002 to 2003."
}
] |
yTewHbIkzRQkkCLwXSTS
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Sports | Rugby league",
"text": "The double header drew 67,575 fans to Wembley, the second highest crowd for an international rugby league game at either the original or the new stadium."
},
{
"section_header": "Sports | Football",
"text": "The first player to score in a FIFA-sanctioned match was Italian striker Giampaolo Pazzini after 28 seconds of the same game; he also scored the first hat-trick at Wembley."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium",
"text": "The arch is the world's longest unsupported roof structure."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium | Structure",
"text": "4,000 separate piles form the foundations of the new stadium, the deepest of which is 35 m (115 ft)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Designed by Populous and Foster and Partners, the stadium is crowned by the 134-metre-high (440 ft) Wembley Arch which serves aesthetically as a landmark across London as well as structurally, with the arch supporting over 75% of the entire roof load."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium | Structure",
"text": "90,000 m3 (120,000 cu yd) of concrete and 23,000 tonnes (25,000 short tons) of steel were used in the construction of the new stadium."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium | Covering",
"text": "With a span of 315 m (1,033 ft), the arch is the longest single-span roof structure in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It opened in 2007 on the site of the original Wembley Stadium, which was demolished from 2002 to 2003."
},
{
"section_header": "Music",
"text": "With the first show being sold out in under 30 minutes, a second London show was added to the schedule, set for July 3, 2016 which also sold out."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium | Structure",
"text": "The stadium has a circumference of 1 km (0.62 mi)."
}
] |
Wembley Stadium in London is the second structure by the same name although the new structure is five miles away from the original.
| 0 | 0 |
Wembley Stadium
|
History
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Martin Van Buren ( van BEWR-ən; born Maarten Van Buren; December 5, 1782 – July 24, 1862) was an American statesman who served as the eighth president of the United States from 1837 to 1841."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Van Buren was born into a family of Dutch Americans in Kinderhook, New York; he was the first President to have been born after the American Revolution — in which his father served as a Patriot — and is the only President to speak English as a second language."
}
] |
yUSnPv2W4MIbO9ItE9pa
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Van Buren was raised speaking primarily Dutch, and learned English at school; as of 2020, he remains the only President whose first language was not English."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Van Buren was born into a family of Dutch Americans in Kinderhook, New York; he was the first President to have been born after the American Revolution — in which his father served as a Patriot — and is the only President to speak English as a second language."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency, 1837–1841 | Presidential election of 1840",
"text": "They threw such jabs as \"Van, Van, is a used-up man\" and \"Martin Van Ruin\" and ridiculed him in newspapers and cartoons."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Historical reputation",
"text": "As noted in a 2014 Time magazine article on the \"Top 10 Forgettable Presidents\": Making himself nearly disappear completely from the history books was probably not the trick the \"Little Magician\" Martin Van Buren had in mind, but his was the first truly forgettable American presidency."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Like Van Buren, she was raised in a Dutch home in Valatie; she spoke primarily Dutch, and spoke English with a marked accent."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Historical reputation",
"text": "He was one of the first statewide political machines in the country was success resulted from its professional use of patronage, the legislative caucus, and the official party newspaper..... [In Washington]"
},
{
"section_header": "Later life | Retirement",
"text": "Pierce asked Van Buren to use his role as the senior living ex-president to issue a formal call."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency, 1837–1841 | Cabinet",
"text": "For the lone open position of Secretary of War, Van Buren first approached William Cabell Rives, who had sought the vice presidency in 1836."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Memorials and popular culture",
"text": "Van Buren's home in Kinderhook, New York, which he called Lindenwald, is now the Martin Van Buren National Historic Site."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life | Election of 1844",
"text": "After taking office, Polk used George Bancroft as an intermediary to offer Van Buren the ambassadorship to London."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Martin Van Buren ( van BEWR-ən; born Maarten Van Buren; December 5, 1782 – July 24, 1862) was an American statesman who served as the eighth president of the United States from 1837 to 1841."
}
] |
Martin Van Buren is the only U.S president whose first language isn't English.
| 3 | 5 |
Martin Van Buren
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Birth and early years",
"text": "of the Elizabethan era Francis Drake was born in Tavistock, Devon, England."
},
{
"section_header": "Career at sea | Drake's first victory",
"text": "One of these men was Diego, who under Drake became a free man was also a capable ship builder."
}
] |
yUgPUY5LaDVx4timho58
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Cultural impact",
"text": "Additionally, the Sir Francis Drake Channel in the British Virgin Islands bears his name."
},
{
"section_header": "Birth and early years",
"text": "of the Elizabethan era Francis Drake was born in Tavistock, Devon, England."
},
{
"section_header": "Circumnavigation (1577–1580) | Entering the Pacific (1578)",
"text": "After this passage, the Pelican was pushed south and discovered an island that Drake called Elizabeth Island."
},
{
"section_header": "Rathlin Island massacre",
"text": "Drake was present at the Rathlin Island massacre in 1575."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural impact",
"text": "In British Columbia, Canada, where some theorise he may also have landed to the north of the usual site considered to be Nova Albion, various mountains were named in the 1930s for him, or in connection with Elizabeth I or other figures of that era, including Mount Sir Francis Drake, Mount Queen Bess, and the Golden Hinde, the highest mountain on Vancouver Island."
},
{
"section_header": "Defeats and death",
"text": "It is supposed that his final resting place is near the wrecks of two British ships, the Elizabeth and the Delight, scuttled in Portobelo Bay."
},
{
"section_header": "Rathlin Island massacre",
"text": "Meanwhile, Drake was given the task of preventing any Gaelic Irish or Scottish reinforcements reaching the island."
},
{
"section_header": "Career at sea | Drake's first victory",
"text": "One of these men was Diego, who under Drake became a free man was also a capable ship builder."
},
{
"section_header": "Circumnavigation (1577–1580) | Entering the Pacific (1578)",
"text": "A few weeks later (September 1578) Drake made it to the Pacific, but violent storms destroyed one of the three ships, the Marigold (captained by John Thomas) in the strait and caused another, the Elizabeth captained by John Wynter, to return to England, leaving only the Pelican."
},
{
"section_header": "Great Expedition to America",
"text": "An expedition left Plymouth in September 1585 with Drake in command of twenty-one ships with 1,800 soldiers under Christopher Carleill."
}
] |
Francis Drake was born in the British Virgin Islands on a ship to his mother, Elizabeth, and his father, Drake, who was a shipbuilder.
| 0 | 0 |
Francis Drake
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Doppler effect (or the Doppler shift) is the change in frequency of a wave in relation to an observer who is moving relative to the wave source."
}
] |
yVRUBNsgoSicTiQTyVG9
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Applications | Astronomy",
"text": "Having said this, it also happens that there are detectable Doppler effects on cosmological scales, which, if incorrectly interpreted as cosmological in origin, lead to the observation of redshift-space distortions."
},
{
"section_header": "Applications | Astronomy",
"text": "This redshift and blueshift happens on a very small scale."
},
{
"section_header": "Inverse Doppler effect",
"text": "Since 1968 scientists such as Victor Veselago have speculated about the possibility of an inverse Doppler effect."
},
{
"section_header": "Inverse Doppler effect",
"text": "Later inverse Doppler effect was observed in some inhomogeneous materials and predicted inside Vavilov–Cherenkov cone."
},
{
"section_header": "Inverse Doppler effect",
"text": "But some materials are capable of negative refraction, which should lead to a Doppler shift that works in a direction opposite that of a conventional Doppler shift."
},
{
"section_header": "Inverse Doppler effect",
"text": "First experiment that detected this effect was conducted by Nigel Seddon and Trevor Bearpark in Bristol, United Kingdom in 2003."
},
{
"section_header": "Inverse Doppler effect",
"text": "The size of the Doppler shift depends on the refractive index of the medium a wave is traveling through."
},
{
"section_header": "Applications | Developmental biology",
"text": "This Doppler effect contributes to the period of segmentation."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Doppler first proposed this effect in 1842 in his treatise"
},
{
"section_header": "Applications | Radar",
"text": "In either situation, calculations from the Doppler effect accurately determine the car's velocity."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Doppler effect (or the Doppler shift) is the change in frequency of a wave in relation to an observer who is moving relative to the wave source."
}
] |
The Doppler effect does not happen to everyone.
| 0 | 0 |
Doppler effect
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Construction and structure | Milestones",
"text": "10 March 2010: Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat certifies Burj Khalifa as world's tallest building."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The building broke numerous height records, including its designation as the tallest building in the world."
}
] |
yViOifZ6Hbu8s6rlxmcU
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Construction and structure | Milestones",
"text": "13 May 2007: Sets record for vertical concrete pumping on any building at 452 m (1,483 ft), surpassing the 449.2 m (1,474 ft) to which concrete was pumped during the construction of Taipei 101, while Burj Khalifa reached the 130th floor."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Observation deck",
"text": "Tickets start at 135 AED, or US$36.75."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "The Burj Khalifa, alongside other Dubai landmarks, was featured in the music video of \"Thunder\" by Imagine Dragons."
},
{
"section_header": "Conception | Records",
"text": "The Burj Khalifa set several world records, including: Tallest existing structure: 829.8 m (2,722 ft) (previously KVLY-TV mast – 628.8 m or 2,063 ft) Tallest structure ever built: 829.8 m (2,722 ft) (previously Warsaw radio mast – 646.38 m or 2,121 ft) Tallest freestanding structure: 829.8 m (2,722 ft) (previously CN Tower – 553.3 m or 1,815 ft) Tallest skyscraper (to top of spire): 828 m (2,717 ft) (previously Taipei 101 – 509.2 m or 1,671 ft) Tallest skyscraper to top of antenna: 829.8 m (2,722 ft) (previously the Willis ("
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The concept of profitability derived from building high density developments and malls around the landmark have proven successful."
},
{
"section_header": "Construction and structure | Milestones",
"text": "June 2006: Level 50 is reached."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Ramadan observance",
"text": "On the higher floors, the sun can still be seen for several minutes after it has set at ground level."
},
{
"section_header": "Construction and structure",
"text": "Cooler concrete cures more evenly and is therefore less likely to set too quickly and crack."
},
{
"section_header": "Conception | Records",
"text": "formerly Sears) Tower – 527 m or 1,729 ft) Building with most floors: 163 (previously World Trade Center – 110) World's highest elevator installation (situated inside a rod at the very top of the building) World's longest travel distance elevators: 504 m (1,654 ft) Highest vertical concrete pumping (for a building): 606 m (1,988 ft) World's tallest structure that includes residential space"
},
{
"section_header": "Construction and structure",
"text": "The contractor and the engineer of record was Hyder Consulting."
},
{
"section_header": "Construction and structure | Milestones",
"text": "10 March 2010: Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat certifies Burj Khalifa as world's tallest building."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The building broke numerous height records, including its designation as the tallest building in the world."
}
] |
This landmark sets a record for it's vertical reach.
| 0 | 0 |
Burj Khalifa
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nickel belongs to the transition metals and is hard and ductile."
}
] |
yVtAEIHm9fMA2qzl8mn1
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Properties | Occurrence",
"text": "The second is magmatic sulfide deposits, where the principal ore mineral is pentlandite: (Ni,Fe)9S8."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In medieval Germany, a red mineral was found in the Erzgebirge (Ore Mountains) that resembled copper ore."
},
{
"section_header": "Properties | Occurrence",
"text": "On Earth, nickel occurs most often in combination with sulfur and iron in pentlandite, with sulfur in millerite, with arsenic in the mineral nickeline, and with arsenic and sulfur in nickel galena."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "However, when miners were unable to extract any copper from it, they blamed a mischievous sprite of German mythology, Nickel (similar to Old Nick), for besetting the copper."
},
{
"section_header": "Properties | Occurrence",
"text": "The first is laterite, where the principal ore mineral mixtures are nickeliferous limonite, (Fe,Ni)O(OH), and garnierite (a mixture of various hydrous nickel and nickel-rich silicates)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nickel's other important ore minerals include pentlandite and a mixture of Ni-rich natural silicates known as garnierite."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The element's name comes from a mischievous sprite of German miner mythology, Nickel (similar to Old Nick), who personified the fact that copper-nickel ores resisted refinement into copper."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nickel was first isolated and classified as a chemical element in 1751 by Axel Fredrik Cronstedt, who initially mistook the ore for a copper mineral, in the cobalt mines of Los, Hälsingland, Sweden."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In 1751, Baron Axel Fredrik Cronstedt tried to extract copper from kupfernickel at a cobalt mine in the Swedish village of Los, and instead produced a white metal that he named after the spirit that had given its name to the mineral, nickel."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nickel-plated objects sometimes provoke nickel allergy."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nickel belongs to the transition metals and is hard and ductile."
}
] |
Nickel is a flammable mineral.
| 0 | 0 |
Nickel
|
Sports
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Negro league career",
"text": "From 1937 until his retirement in 1948, Smith was a star pitcher on the Monarchs."
}
] |
yW2NL9PhGpcAbXPl6RrO
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Semi-pro career",
"text": "In August, the team won the national semipro championship in Wichita, Kansas."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career and death",
"text": "He died in 1983 in Kansas City, Missouri."
},
{
"section_header": "Semi-pro career",
"text": "In 1936, Paige, Radcliffe, and Brewer departed and Smith became the ace of the Bismarck team."
},
{
"section_header": "Negro league career",
"text": "In late 1936, Smith signed with the Kansas City Monarchs."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Hilton Lee Smith (February 27, 1907 – November 18, 1983) was an American right-handed pitcher in Negro league baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Semi-pro career",
"text": "They had two children. From 1935 to 1936, Smith pitched for the Bismarck semi-professional team organized by Neil Churchill."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He pitched alongside Satchel Paige for the Kansas City Monarchs between 1932 and 1948."
},
{
"section_header": "Semi-pro career",
"text": "In 1935 his teammates included Satchel Paige, Ted \"Double Duty\" Radcliffe, Quincy Trouppe, Barney Morris, and Chet Brewer."
},
{
"section_header": "Semi-pro career",
"text": "They returned to the national championship, where Smith won four games, but Bismarck failed to repeat as champions."
},
{
"section_header": "Negro league career",
"text": "From 1937 until his retirement in 1948, Smith was a star pitcher on the Monarchs."
}
] |
Hilton was the lead catcher of the Kansas team during his entire career.
| 3 | 5 |
Hilton Smith
|
Music
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His father, Ray West, is a former Black Panther and was one of the first black photojournalists at The Atlanta Journal-Constitution."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Ray West was later a Christian counselor, and in 2006, opened the Good Water Store and Café in Lexington Park, Maryland with startup capital from his son."
}
] |
yWFQXm60ujlGqJxtstUk
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His father, Ray West, is a former Black Panther and was one of the first black photojournalists at The Atlanta Journal-Constitution."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Ray West was later a Christian counselor, and in 2006, opened the Good Water Store and Café in Lexington Park, Maryland with startup capital from his son."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2003–06: The College Dropout and Late Registration",
"text": "Once it was West's turn to speak again, he said, \"George Bush doesn't care about black people."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical style | 1990s–2000s",
"text": "He would later described 808s & Heartbreak as \"the first black new wave album."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Politics",
"text": "In October 26, President Trump praised West during his speech at the Young Black Leadership Summit, adding \"I think Kanye may be the most powerful man in all of politics\", referring to a story on West's effect on African-Americans."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Politics",
"text": "Trump later retweeted several of West's tweets."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Architecture",
"text": "but I shouldn't be limited to once place of creativity\" and then later in November 2013, delivering a manifesto on his architectural goals during a visit to Harvard Graduate School of Design."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2017–present: Ye, Jesus Is King, and further collaborations",
"text": "On the US charts, the album became the first to ever top the Billboard 200, Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums, Top Rap Albums, Top Christian Albums and Top Gospel Albums at the same time."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Religious beliefs",
"text": ", West was asked by Kimmel if he would consider himself to be a Christian music artist now that he had committed himself fully to Christianity, and he replied, \"I'm just a Christian everything\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "No I.D. soon became West's mentor, and it was from him that West learned how to sample and program beats after he received his first sampler at age 15."
}
] |
Kanye West's father was once a Black Panther who later became a Christian counselor.
| 3 | 4 |
Kanye West
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was directed by Gorō Taniguchi and written by Ichirō Ōkouchi, with original character designs by Clamp."
}
] |
yWFiQx1wjF6adgnuaRby
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Code Geass began as a concept developed at Sunrise by Ichirō Ōkouchi and Gorō Taniguchi, who proposed it"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was directed by Gorō Taniguchi and written by Ichirō Ōkouchi, with original character designs by Clamp."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Anime News Network's columnist Todd Ciolek attributes the soaring popularity of Code Geass to \"the series hitting every important fan sector\", with the audience appeal points ranging from a \"complex cast of characters and a fast-paced story, told with Goro Taniguchi's capable direction\" for \"general-interest fans\" to \"pretty and just-a-little-broken heroes\" for \"yaoi-buying female fans\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Code Geass: Lelouch of the Rebellion (Japanese: コードギアス 反逆のルルーシュ,"
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Kawaguchi had previously approached Okouchi and Taniguchi during the production of Planetes."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Code Geass was broadcast in Japan on MBS from October 2006 to July 2007."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "Since its premiere, Code Geass: Lelouch of the Rebellion has collected numerous awards and accolades."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "In noted Japanese anime magazine Animage's 29th Annual Anime Grand Prix, Code Geass won the most popular series award, with Lelouch Lamperouge also being chosen as the most popular male character and \"Colors\" being chosen as the most popular song."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Code Geass has received best-selling success and broad critical acclaim since its release."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Home video sales",
"text": "\" By August 2008, over 900,000 Code Geass discs had been sold in Japan."
}
] |
The character construction was by Goro Taniguchi for Code Geass.
| 0 | 0 |
Code Geass
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "1996 – The Crucible with a screenplay by Arthur Miller himself."
}
] |
yWQv54oENGzHFW4KN124
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Influence and originality",
"text": "It was translated by June Barrows Mussey and performed in Los Angeles in 1953 under the title"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Crucible is a 1953 play by American playwright Arthur Miller."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy | Title",
"text": "Miller originally called the play Those Familiar Spirits before renaming it as The Crucible."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Television",
"text": "One notable 1968 production starred George C. Scott as John Proctor, Colleen Dewhurst (Scott's wife at the time) as Elizabeth Proctor, Melvyn Douglas as Thomas Danforth, and Tuesday Weld as Abigail Williams."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy",
"text": "The Devil in Boston. In 1953, the year the play debuted, Miller wrote, \"The Crucible is taken from history."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence and originality",
"text": "In 1947 Feuchtwanger wrote a play about the Salem witch trials, Wahn oder der Teufel in Boston (Delusion, or The Devil in Boston), as an allegory for the persecution of communists, thus anticipating the theme of The Crucible by Arthur Miller; Wahn premiered in Germany in 1949."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy",
"text": "In the 1953 essay, Journey to The Crucible, Miller writes of visiting Salem and feeling like the only one interested in what really happened in 1692."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Act Four",
"text": "Danforth calls for the sheriff and John is led away, to be hanged."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence and originality",
"text": "In fact, the real Danforth opposed the use of \"spectral evidence\" and was much more inclined to believe the accused.) During the McCarthy era, German-Jewish novelist and playwright Lion Feuchtwanger became the target of suspicion as a left-wing intellectual during his exile in the US."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Editions",
"text": "Contains the full text based on the Collected Plays, and various critical essays) Nilan, Jack. \" McCarthyism and the Movies\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "1996 – The Crucible with a screenplay by Arthur Miller himself."
}
] |
The Crucible was a movie but the script was written by Melvyn Douglas because the original writer passed away in 1953.
| 0 | 2 |
The Crucible
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "March is one of only two actors, the other being Helen Hayes, to have won both the Academy Award and the Tony Award twice."
}
] |
yWXkvKFLRVTYegcNJLWd
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "March served in the United States Army during World War I as an artillery lieutenant."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "March is one of only two actors, the other being Helen Hayes, to have won both the Academy Award and the Tony Award twice."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "He won the Academy Award for Best Actor for the 5th Academy Awards in 1932 for Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (tied with Wallace Beery for The Champ, although March accrued one more vote than Beery)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He won the Academy Award for Best Actor for Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1931) and The Best Years of Our Lives (1946), as well as the Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play for Years Ago (1947) and Long Day's Journey into Night (1956)."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "He won two Best Actor Tony Awards: in 1947 for the play"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Fredric March (born Ernest Frederick McIntyre Bickel; August 31, 1897 – April 14, 1975) was an American actor, regarded as \"one of Hollywood's most celebrated, versatile stars of the 1930s and 1940s\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Tributes",
"text": "Biographies of March include Fredric March: Craftsman First, Star Second by Deborah C. Peterson (1996), and Fredric March: A Consummate Actor (2013) by Charles Tranberg."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "On March 25, 1954, March co-hosted the 26th Annual Academy Awards ceremony from New York City, with co-host Donald O'Connor in Los Angeles."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "He received an Oscar nomination for the 4th Academy Awards in 1930 for The Royal Family of Broadway, in which he played a role modeled on John Barrymore."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "In 1938, March was one of many Hollywood personalities investigated by the House of Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC) and the hunt for Communists in the film community."
}
] |
American actor Fredric March won the Academy Award and he served in World War I.
| 0 | 0 |
Fredric March
|
Sports
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "He played semipro baseball in Pittsfield and in Plattsburgh, New York."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "He signed with the Buffalo Bisons in the International League, one level below the major leagues, later that season."
}
] |
yYASN6vIznxrw6zJafRX
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ulysses Franklin \"Frank\" Grant (August 1, 1865 – May 27, 1937) was an American baseball player in the 19th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "In 1886, Grant played for an Eastern League team based in Meriden, Connecticut."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "He played semipro baseball in Pittsfield and in Plattsburgh, New York."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "Grant is also notable for becoming the first black player to play on the same team in organized baseball for three consecutive seasons."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "Though most sources indicate the official integration of organized baseball would not come for several more decades, Grant was one of five black players who played in baseball's otherwise white minor leagues at the time."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "Grant was born in Pittsfield, Massachusetts."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 2006, Grant was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "Grant hit for extra bases every four times he got a hit."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "Grant had fielding skills widely praised as the best in the league."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "Grant died at age 71 in New York City."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "He signed with the Buffalo Bisons in the International League, one level below the major leagues, later that season."
}
] |
Frank Grant played baseball for the New-York Yankees.
| 2 | 3 |
Frank Grant
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "On June 27, 2001, Lemmon died of bladder cancer at the age of 76."
}
] |
yYDRRUwixdxUihi8t0bJ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "John Uhler Lemmon III (February 8, 1925 – June 27, 2001) was an American actor and musician who was nominated for an Academy Award eight times, winning twice."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He starred in over 60 films, such as Mister Roberts (1955, for which he won the year's Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor), Some Like It Hot (1959), The Apartment (1960), Days of Wine and Roses (1962), Irma la Douce (1963), The Great Race (1965), The Odd Couple (1968, and its sequel The Odd Couple II (1998), both with frequent co-star Walter Matthau), Save the Tiger (1973, for which he won the Academy Award for Best Actor), The China Syndrome (1979), Missing (1982), Long Day's Journey into Night (1987, for which he won a Golden Globe) and Glengarry Glen Ross (1992)."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "On June 27, 2001, Lemmon died of bladder cancer at the age of 76."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1979–2001: Later career",
"text": "For his role as Morrie Schwartz in his final television role, Tuesdays with Morrie (1999), Lemmon won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1966–1978: Mid-career",
"text": "The much admired comedy Kotch (1971), the only film Lemmon directed, starred Matthau who was nominated for the Best Actor Oscar."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1979–2001: Later career",
"text": "For his role in the William Friedkin directed version of Twelve Angry Men (1997), Lemmon was nominated for \"Best Actor in a Made for TV Movie\" in the 1998 Golden Globe Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1966–1978: Mid-career",
"text": "\" Wilder though also once said: \"Happiness is working with Jack Lemmon\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "John Uhler Lemmon II was of Irish heritage, and Jack Lemmon was raised Catholic."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1949–1965: Early years",
"text": "Lemmon starred in six films directed by Quine."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Lemmon was married twice. His first wife was actress Cynthia Stone, with whom he had a son, Chris Lemmon (born 1954), but the couple divorced over their incompatibility."
}
] |
Jack Lemmon was an American actor and musician that starred in over 60 movies until he passed away from colon cancer at seventy-six.
| 0 | 0 |
Jack Lemmon
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was fought from April 30 to May 6, 1863, in Spotsylvania County, Virginia, near the village of Chancellorsville."
}
] |
yYOgOcQ9yPdGK1Ox9rjO
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Battle | May 2: Jackson's flank attack",
"text": "After Hooker took command, Sigel was the ranking general behind him."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | May 1: Hooker passes on opportunity",
"text": "Couch's II Corps was placed in reserve, where it would be soon joined by Sickles's III Corps."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | May 2: Jackson's flank attack",
"text": "He took two actions. First, he sent a message at 9:30 a.m. to the commander of the XI Corps, Maj."
},
{
"section_header": "Battlefield preservation",
"text": "The Chancellor family, whose house was destroyed during the battle, placed the entire 854-acre property for sale four months after the battle."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | Intelligence and plans",
"text": "Hooker took advantage of improved military intelligence about the positioning and capabilities of the opposing army, superior to that available to his predecessors in army command."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | May 3: Chancellorsville",
"text": "About 76,000 Union men faced 43,000 Confederate at the Chancellorsville front."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | May 2: Jackson's flank attack",
"text": "Two of von Gilsa's regiments, the 153rd Pennsylvania and 54th New York, had been placed up as a heavy skirmish line and the massive Confederate assault rolled completely over them."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | May 4–6: Union withdrawals",
"text": "Despite Lee's presence, McLaws continued his passive role and Anderson's men took a few hours to get into position, a situation that frustrated and angered both Early and Lee, who had been planning on a concentrated assault from three directions."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | May 3: Chancellorsville",
"text": "Although Stuart was a cavalryman who had never commanded infantry before, he was to deliver a creditable performance at Chancellorsville."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | May 3: Chancellorsville",
"text": "Chancellorsville was the only occasion in the war in Virginia in which Confederate gunners held a decided advantage over their Federal counterparts."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was fought from April 30 to May 6, 1863, in Spotsylvania County, Virginia, near the village of Chancellorsville."
}
] |
The Battle of Chancellorsville took place in Arkansas.
| 0 | 0 |
Battle of Chancellorsville
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "James Monroe (; April 28, 1758 – July 4, 1831) was an American statesman, lawyer, diplomat and Founding Father who served as the fifth president of the United States from 1817 to 1825."
}
] |
yYYxJoEOco5TkUfCfuM7
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Historical reputation",
"text": "Polls of historians and political scientists tend to rank Monroe as an above average president."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency | Domestic affairs | Missouri Compromise",
"text": "In this plan, endorsed by Monroe, Maine statehood would be held hostage to slavery in Missouri."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Revolutionary War service",
"text": "As governor of Virginia, Jefferson held command over its militia, and made Monroe a colonel."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Historical reputation",
"text": "Political scientist Fred Greenstein argues that Monroe was a more effective executive than some of his better-known predecessors, including Madison and John Adams."
},
{
"section_header": "Early political career | Virginia politics",
"text": "Those who held the middle ground in the ideological struggle became the central figures."
},
{
"section_header": "Early political career | Virginia politics",
"text": "Virginians held a full spectrum of opinions about the merits of the proposed change in national government."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-presidency",
"text": "Monroe incurred many unliquidated debts during his years of public life."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-presidency",
"text": "The James Monroe Tomb is a U.S. National Historic Landmark."
},
{
"section_header": "Secretary of State and Secretary of War | Madison administration",
"text": "Monroe resigned as Secretary of State on October 1, 1814, but no successor was ever appointed and thus from October 1814 to February 28, 1815, Monroe effectively held both Cabinet posts."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency | Foreign affairs | Acquisition of Florida",
"text": "While Monroe supported Jackson's actions, many in Congress harshly criticized what they saw as an undeclared war."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "James Monroe (; April 28, 1758 – July 4, 1831) was an American statesman, lawyer, diplomat and Founding Father who served as the fifth president of the United States from 1817 to 1825."
}
] |
James Monroe held many jobs like forensic scientist.
| 0 | 0 |
James Monroe
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "However, Sicily continues to have a GDP per capita below the Italian average and higher unemployment than the rest of Italy."
}
] |
yZP2IcJvsmCzJWqLD1DZ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Culture",
"text": "To have seen Italy without having seen Sicily is to not have seen Italy at all,"
},
{
"section_header": "History | Italian unification",
"text": "In 1894, organisations of workers and peasants known as the Fasci Siciliani protested against the bad social and economic conditions of the island, but they were suppressed in a few days."
},
{
"section_header": "Transport | Planned bridge",
"text": "The plan has been criticized by environmental associations and some local Sicilians and Calabrians, concerned with its environmental impact, economical sustainability and even possible infiltrations by organized crime."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 20th and 21st centuries",
"text": "During this period, the economic and social condition of the island was generally improved thanks to important investments on infrastructures such as motorways and airports, and thanks to the creation of important industrial and commercial areas."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Antiquity",
"text": "The Ostrogothic conquest of Sicily (and Italy as a whole) under Theodoric"
},
{
"section_header": "History | 20th and 21st centuries",
"text": "Italy became a Republic in 1946 and, as part of the Constitution of Italy, Sicily was one of the five regions given special status as an autonomous region."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Byzantine period (535–965)",
"text": "Sicily was used as a base for the Byzantines to conquer the rest of Italy, with Naples, Rome, Milan."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics",
"text": "About five million people live in Sicily, making it the fourth most populated region in Italy."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Agriculture",
"text": "Mazara del Vallo is the largest fishing centre in Sicily and one of the most important in Italy."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Italian unification",
"text": "As a result of the proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy, Sicily became part of the kingdom on 17 March 1861."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "However, Sicily continues to have a GDP per capita below the Italian average and higher unemployment than the rest of Italy."
}
] |
Sicily is the economic powerhouse of Italy.
| 0 | 0 |
Sicily
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1897–1901) | Assassination",
"text": "Although a primitive X-ray machine was being exhibited on the Exposition grounds, it was not used."
}
] |
yZU3Iw57XucqEm0BQzeH
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Rising politician (1877–1895) | Gerrymandering and defeat for re-election",
"text": "For 1890, the Democrats gerrymandered McKinley one final time, placing Stark County in the same district as one of the strongest pro-Democrat counties, Holmes, populated by solidly Democratic Pennsylvania Dutch."
},
{
"section_header": "Funeral, memorials, and legacy | Funeral and resting place",
"text": "There was a widespread expectation that Ida McKinley would not long survive her husband; one family friend stated, as William McKinley lay dying, that they should be prepared for a double funeral."
},
{
"section_header": "Election of 1896 | General election campaign",
"text": "Hanna urged McKinley to match Bryan's tour with one of his own; the candidate declined on the grounds that the Democrat was a better stump speaker: \"I might just as well set up a trapeze on my front lawn and compete with some professional athlete as go out speaking against Bryan."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1897–1901) | Cuba crisis and war with Spain",
"text": "On February 15, the Maine exploded and sank with 266 men killed."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1897–1901) | Assassination",
"text": "Unknown to the doctors, the gangrene that would kill him was growing on the walls of his stomach, slowly poisoning his blood."
},
{
"section_header": "Rising politician (1877–1895) | Spokesman for protection",
"text": "McKinley introduced and supported bills that raised protective tariffs, and opposed those that lowered them or imposed tariffs simply to raise revenue."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1897–1901) | Assassination",
"text": "Although a primitive X-ray machine was being exhibited on the Exposition grounds, it was not used."
},
{
"section_header": "Legal career and marriage",
"text": "Ida McKinley developed epilepsy around the same time and thereafter disliked when her husband left her side."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1897–1901) | Assassination",
"text": "Czolgosz, after hearing a speech by anarchist Emma Goldman in Cleveland, had decided to do something he believed would advance the cause."
},
{
"section_header": "Legal career and marriage",
"text": "A second daughter, Ida, followed in 1873 and died the same year."
}
] |
There was a lifesaving device on the same grounds where William McKinley was killed by an anarchist that simply wasn't employed.
| 1 | 7 |
William McKinley
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It tells the story of Lily Bart, a well-born but impoverished woman belonging to New York City's high society around the end of the 19th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Wharton creates a portrait of a stunning beauty who, though raised and educated to marry well both socially and economically, is reaching her 29th year, an age when her youthful blush is drawing to a close and her marital prospects are becoming ever more limited."
}
] |
yaezRSQfyxL6PWU5ahJi
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Background, theme, and purpose",
"text": "If its sole subject had been the excesses and lives of the rich and famous, by themselves, it is doubtful it would have remained popular for as long as it has."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Percy Gryce—A conservative, rich, but shy and unimaginative young eligible bachelor on whom Lily, with the support of her friend Judy Trenor, sets her sights."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Carry is an example of a woman who finds ways to earn money and to succeed in society despite being divorced and somewhat disreputable."
},
{
"section_header": "Background, theme, and purpose",
"text": "The final title Wharton chose for the novel was The House of Mirth (1905), taken from the Old Testament: The heart of the wise is in the house of mourning; but the heart of fools is in the house of mirth."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The House of Mirth (1956), directed by John Drew Barrymore."
},
{
"section_header": "Background, theme, and purpose",
"text": "Wharton revealed in her introduction to the 1936 reprint of The House of Mirth her choice of subject and her major theme: When I wrote House of Mirth I held, without knowing it, two trumps in my hand."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The House of Mirth is a 1905 novel by American author Edith Wharton."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The novel The House of Mirth (1905) has been adapted to radio, the stage and the cinema."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": ", The House of Mirth was serialized in Scribner's Magazine beginning in January 1905."
},
{
"section_header": "Background, theme, and purpose",
"text": "The central theme of The House of Mirth is essentially the struggle between who we are and what society tells us we should be."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It tells the story of Lily Bart, a well-born but impoverished woman belonging to New York City's high society around the end of the 19th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Wharton creates a portrait of a stunning beauty who, though raised and educated to marry well both socially and economically, is reaching her 29th year, an age when her youthful blush is drawing to a close and her marital prospects are becoming ever more limited."
}
] |
The House of Mirth is about a woman pretending to be rich looking for a rich husband.
| 0 | 0 |
The House of Mirth
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot synopsis",
"text": "The story is told out of sequence, moving back and forth between the severely burned \"English\" patient's memories from before his accident and current events at the bomb-damaged Villa San Girolamo (in Fiesole), an Italian monastery, where he is being cared for by Hana, a troubled young Canadian Army nurse."
}
] |
ycdRCiB5hlz9KQ1OWNye
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Characters | David Caravaggio",
"text": "He recalls that Ranuccio Tommasoni ordered the interrogation tactic."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | Hana",
"text": "She then puts all of her energy into caring for the English Patient."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Ondaatje, Michael (1993). The English Patient."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The English Patient is a 1992 novel by Michael Ondaatje."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot synopsis",
"text": "Kip and the English patient immediately become friends."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | Almásy",
"text": "She provides comfort to the English Patient that she could not provide to her own father."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "In contrast to Hana, the English patient was handicapped and on his death bed."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "The English Patient is a progressive novel that aims to bring a sense of the meaning of freedom to its readers."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "\"Ondaatje's The English Patient and Questions of History.\" Comparative Cultural Studies and Michael Ondaatje's Writing."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "New York: Vintage Books. ISBN 0"
},
{
"section_header": "Plot synopsis",
"text": "The story is told out of sequence, moving back and forth between the severely burned \"English\" patient's memories from before his accident and current events at the bomb-damaged Villa San Girolamo (in Fiesole), an Italian monastery, where he is being cared for by Hana, a troubled young Canadian Army nurse."
}
] |
The English Patient is a book is written in a non sequential order.
| 0 | 0 |
The English Patient
|
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