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์ด์์ ๊ต์๊ต์ก์ ๋ง์กฑ๋ ๋ฐ ๊ต์์ ์ญ๋๊ต์ก์ ๋ํ ๊ธฐ์กด์ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ์ํ๋ฉด ํ์๋ค์ ๊ต์๊ต์ก์ ๋ํ ๊ด์ฌ๊ณผ ์๊ตฌ๊ฐ ํฌ๊ฒ ์ค๋๋๊ณ ์์์ ์ ์ ์๋ค. | Previous studies on student satisfaction with liberal arts education and competency education in liberal arts education show that students' interest and demand for liberal arts education is growing. |
ํ์ง๋ง ์ญ๋ ๊ต์ก์ ๋ํด์๋ ๊ต๊ณผ๋ชฉ์ด ์ธ๋ถํ๋๊ณ ๋ค์ํ ๊ต๊ณผ๋ชฉ์ด ์ค๊ฐ๋๊ณ ๊ต์ํ์ต ๋ฐ ๊ต์ก๋ด์ฉ์ ์ง์ ์ ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์กฐํ๊ณ ์์์ ์ ์ ์๋ค. | However, when it comes to competency education, it is clear that subjects are subdivided, new subjects are introduced, and the importance of quality improvement in teaching and learning and educational content is emphasized. |
์ค๋ฌธ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ์ 2019๋
12์๋ถํฐ 2020๋
1์๊น์ง์ด๋ฉฐ ์ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์ฌ์ 252๋ช
์ ํ์์ด ์๋ตํ์๋ค. | The survey was administered from December 2019 to January 2020, and 252 students responded. |
๊ต์๊ต์ก ๊ฒฝํ์ ์ธ๋ถ ํญ๋ชฉ์๋ ๊ต์๊ต์ก๊ณผ์ ์ ๋ํ ์ดํด ๊ต์๊ต์ก ์๊ฐ ๊ต๊ณผ๋ชฉ์ ๋ฑ์ด ์๋ค. | Details of the liberal arts education experience include knowledge of the liberal arts curriculum and the number of liberal arts education courses taken. |
ํ์๋ค์ ๊ฐ์ธ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ๋ณ ํ๋
์ ๊ณต๊ณ์ด๋ก ๋๋์ด ๋ถ์ํ์๋ค. | Personal histories of students were analyzed by gender, grade, and major. |
์ด๋ฅผ ํ ๋๋ก ๊ต์๊ต์ก์ ์ง ํฅ์๊ณผ ์์
๊ฐ์ ์ ํ์ฉํ๋ ์๋ฃ๋ฅผ ์ ๊ณตํ๊ณ ์ ํ๋ค. | We intend to provide materials used to improve the quality of liberal arts education and classes based on this. |
๊ต์ํ์ ์ด๋ ์ฑ์ ํ๊ฐ์ ๋ํด์๋ ๋ง์กฑํ์์ผ๋ ๊ต๊ณผ๋ชฉ๋น ํ์์์ ๋ํ์ฌ ๋ถ๋ง์ ํ๋ ๊ฒ์ ์ ์ ์๋ค. | They were pleased with their liberal arts grades and grade evaluation, but were dissatisfied with the number of students per subject. |
์ด๊ฒ์ ๋ง์ ๋ํ๋ค์ด ํ๋ถ์ ๋ฅผ ๋์
ํ๋ฉด์ ์
ํ ํ 1๋
๋์ ํ ์๋ค์ด ์์ ์ ์์ง๊ณผ ์ ์ฑ์ ํ์ธํ๊ณ ์ ๊ณต์ ํ์ํ ์ ์๋ ๊ธฐํ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๊ธฐ ๋๋ฌธ์ ๋ํ๋๋ ํ์์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋ณด์ฌ์ง๋ค. | This is regarded as a phenomenon that occurs as a result of many universities implementing an undergraduate system in which students have the opportunity to assess their talents and aptitudes as well as explore their major during their first year after admission. |
๋๊ฒฝ๋๋ ๊ต์์ ์ ๊ณต์ ๋ฐฐ์ฐ๊ธฐ ์ํ ํ๋์ ๊ธฐ์ด๊ณผ์ ์์ค์ผ๋ก ์ ๊ฐํ์ง ์๊ณ ๊ต์๋ ์ ๊ณต๊ณผ ๋๋ถ์ด ์ํ์ ์ธ ํ๋์ ์ค์ฌ์ถ ์ด ๋๋๋ก ์ ํ๋
์ ์ ๊ณตํ๋ ์ข์ ์ฌ๋ก์ด๋ค. | The University of Tokyo is a good example of providing general education as a central axis horizontally along with majors to all grades rather than thinking of liberal arts as a basic course level for learning majors. |
์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋๋ผ ๋ํ์ ๊ต์๊ต์ก์์๋ ์ด๋ฌํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ์ค์ฒ์ด ํ์ํ๋ค. | Liberal arts education at universities in Korea also needs such research and practice. |
์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋๋ผ์ ๋ํ๋ค์ด ์ธํ์ ์ผ๋ก๋ ๊ต์๊ต์ก ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์ ์ง์๋ฅผ ํ๋ณดํ์ฌ ๊ต์ ๊ต์ก์ ๊ฐํ๋๊ณ ์์ผ๋ ํจ๊ณผ์ฑ์ ๋ํ ๊ฒ์ฆ์ด ์ฌ์ ํ ํ์ํ๋ค. | While universities in Korea are strengthening liberal arts education by securing the status of liberal arts education organizations, their effectiveness still needs verification. |
๋ท์งธ ๊ต์๊ต์ก์ ์ฑ๊ณผ๋ ๊ต์๊ต์ก์ด ์ถ๊ตฌํ๋ ์ญ๋์ ๋ฐ์๋๋ฉฐ ์ด๋ ๊ต์๊ต์ก์ ๋ณดํธ์ ๋ฐฉํฅ์ฑ์ ์ค๋ช
ํ๋ ์ค์ํ ์งํ๋ผ๊ณ ํ ์ ์๋ค. | Fourth, the performance of liberal arts education is reflected in the competencies pursued by liberal arts education, which can be regarded as an important indicator explaining liberal arts education's overall direction. |
์ด๋ 4์ฐจ ์ฐ์
ํ๋ช
์๋๊ฐ ์๊ตฌํ๋ ์ญ๋์ ๋ํ์ฌ ๊ต์๊ต์ก์์ ๊ฐํํด์ผ ํจ์ ์๋ฏธํ๋ค. | This means that liberal arts education should strengthen the skills needed in the fourth industrial revolution. |
๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ ๊ต์๊ต๊ณผ๋ชฉ์ ๊ฒฝํ ๋ฐ ๋ฏผ์กฑ๋์ ์๊ตฌ๋๋ฅผ ์ดํด๋ณด๊ณ ์ด์ ๋ํ ์ ์ฑ
์ ์์ ์ ์ํ์๋ค. | This study suggests policies for liberal arts subjects, after analyzing the experience, ethnicity, and demands. |
๊ทธ๋ฌ๋ ์ค๋ฌธ๋์์ด ์ง๋ฐฉ 4๋
์ 6๊ฐ ๋ํ์ ํ์๋ค๋ก ํ์ ๋์ด ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ผ๋ฐํํ๊ธฐ์๋ ๋ค์ ์ด๋ ค์์ด ์๋ค. | However, because the survey subjects were limited to students from six local four-year universities, it is difficult to generalize. |
์ธ๊ตญ์ด ๊ต์ก์ ๋จ์ง ์ธ์ด์ ์ธ ์ฐ์ต์ ์๋ฏธํ๋ ๊ฒ์ด ์๋๋ผ ์ธ๊ตญ ๋ฌธํ์ ๋ํ ์ดํด ๋ฑ ๊ตญ์ ํ ์ญ๋ ๊ฐํ๊ฐ ํ์ํ๋ค. | Foreign language education requires strengthening internationalization skills such as understanding foreign cultures, beyond just language practice. |
์ฆ ํ์๋ค์ ๊ต์๊ต์ก์ ๋ํ์ฌ ์๊ตฌ๋๊ฐ ๋๊ฒ ๋ํ๋ ํ๊ตญ์ฌํ์์ ๊ต์๊ต์ก์ ์ธํ์ ์ธ ๋ฐ์ ์๋ ๋ถ๊ตฌํ๊ณ ์ฌ์ ํ ๋ง์กฑ๋๋ ๋ฎ์ ์ํฉ์ ์๋ฏธํ๋ค. | In other words, the high demand for liberal arts education means that studentsโ satisfaction level is still low, despite the external development of liberal arts education in Korean society. |
๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ง ์ด ๊ธ์ ๋ชฉ์ ์ ์ผ์ ๊ฐ์ ๊ธฐ ์ฒ๋๊ต ๊ต๋ฆฌ๊ฐ์ต์์ ์คํ์ ์ญํ ์ ํ์
ํ๊ณ ๊ทธ์ํฅ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ํ์ธํ๋๋ฐ ์์๋ค. | This article identifies the reality of and the role played by the Chondoism Doctrine Institute during the Japanese colonial period, and confirms the influence and meaning of the doctrine. |
์ผ์ ๊ฐ์ ๊ธฐ์ฒ๋๊ต์ ๊ต์ก ํ๋์ ํฌ๊ฒ ๊ต๋ฆฌ๊ฐ์ต์์์์ ๊ฐ์ต๊ณผ ์ฒญ๋
์กฐ์ง์ ๊ฐ์ฐ ๋ฐ ๊ฐ์ตํ๋ก ๋๋์ด๋ณผ์์๋ค. | During the Japanese colonial period, Kichondoism's educational activities were largely divided into catechism class lectures and youth organization lectures and classes. |
๊ทธ์ค์์ ๊ต๋ฆฌ๊ฐ์ต์๋ ๊ฒฝ์ ๊ตญ์น์ด์ ์ธ 1908๋
๋ถํฐ ์ค๋ฆฝ์ด ์ถ์ง๋์๊ณ ์ผ์ ๊ฐ์ ๊ธฐ ์ด๊ธฐ์ธ 1910๋
๋์๋ ์ ๊ตญ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ค๋ฆฝ์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์ด์ ธ ๊ต์ก์์ค๋ก์จ ์ด์ฉ๋์๋ค. | Among them, the Doctrine Institute, first established in 1908 before the Gyeongsul National Reign, was used as an educational facility during the Japanese colonial period, having become nationwide in the early 1910s. |
์กฐ์ ์ด๋
๋ถ๋ ์ฌ๋ฆฝํ๊ต๋ น์ ํตํด ๊ณต๊ต์ก์ ํต์ ํ๋ ๋์์ ์๋น๊ท์น ๋ฑ์ ํตํด ๋ฏผ๊ฐ ๊ต์ก๊ธฐ๊ด์ ์ฒ ์ ํ ํ์ํ์๋ค. | At the same time as the Japanese Government-General of Korea controlled public education through private school ordinances, it also thoroughly suppressed private educational institutions through seodang rules. |
๊ทธ๋ฌ๋ ์ด๋ฌํ ์ ํ์ฐ๊ตฌ์์ ๊ต๋ฆฌ๊ฐ์ต์๋ ์ฒ๋๊ต ํ๋์ ์ผ๋ถ๋ก์จ ์ฃผ๋ก ๊ฐ๊ด์ ์ธ ์ ๋ฆฌ์ ์๊ฐ์ ๊ทธ์น๊ณ ์์ด ์๋นํ ๋จํธ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ค๋ค์ก๋ค๊ณ ์๊ฐ๋๋ค. | However, it is believed that the Doctrine Classroom was dealt with very fragmentarily in these prior research, as it was primarily limited to general setups and introductions as part of Cheondogyo activities. |
๋์ฑ์ด ๋ฌด๋จํต์น๊ฐ ์ด๋ฃจ์ด์ง๋ 1910๋
๋๋ผ๋ ์๋์ ์ํฉ์ ๋ฐํ์ผ๋ก ๊ต๋ฆฌ๊ฐ์ต์์ ์กด์ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ค ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ผ๋ก ๊ท๋ช
ํ ํ์๊ฐ ์๋ค๊ณ ์๊ฐ๋๋ค. | Furthermore, given the circumstances of the 1910s, when unapproved rule was in place, it is thought necessary to look into the existence of the catechesis school in greater depth. |
๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ผ๋ก๋ ์ฒ๋๊ต ๊ต๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ์ต์์ ๋ชฉ์ ์ ๋ฌด์์ด์๋์ง ์๋ฏผ์ง๋น๊ตญ์ ๊ต๋ฆฌ๊ฐ์ต์์ ๋ํด ์ด๋ ํ ํ๋๋ฅผ ์ทจํ๊ณ ์์๋์ง๋ฅผ ๋ถ์ํ๋ค. | What was the goal of the Cheondogyo Doctrine Training Center, and what was the intellectual authorities' stance toward the Doctrine Training Center?. |
๋ ๊ต๋ฆฌ๊ฐ์ต์์ค๋ฆฝ๊ณผ์ด์์ 1910 ๋
๋์ ๊ฐ์ฅ ํ๋ฐํ์ง๋ง 1920๋
๋์ ์ ๊ฐ๋ ์ฒ๋๊ต์ ๊ต์กํ๋์ ํ ๋ ๋ก์จ ๊ต๋ฆฌ๊ฐ์ต์๊ฐ ์ด๋ ํ ์๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๋์ง์ ๋ํด์๋ ํ์ธํ๋ค. | Furthermore, while the establishment and operation of doctrine classes were most active in the 1910s, it also underlines the significance of doctrine classes as the cornerstone of Cheondogyo educational activities created in the 1920s. |
์ฆ 1910 ๋
๋์ ์ฒ๋๊ต๊ฐ ๊ต์ก์ ์ค์์ฑ์ ์ด๋ป๊ฒ ์ธ์ํ๊ณ ์์๋์ง ์ด๋ค ๊ต์ก์ ๋
ธ๋ ฅ์ ํ๋์ง๋ฅผ ํ์ธํ๊ธฐ ์ํด ๋ณธ๊ณ ์์๋ 1910๋
๋์ ์ค๋ฆฝ ๋ฐ ์ด์๋ ๊ต๋ฆฌ๊ฐ์ต์๋ฅผ ๋ถ์ํ๊ณ ์ ํ๋ค. | In other words, this research examines the doctrinal institutions built and run in the 1910s to confirm how Cheondogyo acknowledged the value of education and what kind of educational endeavors it made. |
์ด์ ๊ฐ์ ์์
์ ํตํด ์ผ์ ๊ฐ์ ๊ธฐ ์ฒ๋๊ต ๊ต๋ฆฌ๊ฐ์ต์๊ฐ ๊ฐ์ง ๊ต์ก์ฌ์ ์๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐํ ๋ผ ์ ์์ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ์๊ฐ๋๋ค. | It is thought that this kind of work will help to determine the meaning of the educational history of the Chondogyo Doctrine Institute during the Japanese colonial period. |
๊ทธ ์ค ์ฒ๋๊ต๊ฐ ์ค๋ฆฝํ ๊ฐ์ต์๋ ํฌ๊ฒ ์ข
ํ๊ฐ์ต์ ์ฌ๋ฒ๊ฐ์ต์ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๊ต๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ์ต์ 3๊ฐ์ง๋ก ๋๋๋ค. | Three types of training centers were established by Cheondogyo: religious training institutes, instructor training institutes, and doctrine training institutes. |
์ด๋ฅผ ์ํด์๋ ์ฐ์ ์ฒ๋๊ต๋ผ๋ ์ข
๊ต๊ฐ 1910๋
๋์ ์ด๋ค ์ทจ๊ธ์ ๋ฐ์๋์ง๋ฅผ ํ์ธํ ํ์๊ฐ ์๋ค. | To do so, it is necessary to first determine how the Cheondogyo faith was regarded in the 1910s. |
1910๋
๋ ์กฐ์ ์ด๋
๋ถ์ ์ข
๊ต์ ์ฑ
์ 1915๋
์ ํฌ๊ต๊ท์น์ ํตํด ์ ์ ์๋ค. | The 1915 Proselytization Rules show the religious policy of the Japanese Government-General of Korea in the 1910s. |
์ ์ฌ์ข
๊ต๋ ๋ฒ์ ์ง์๋ฐ๊นฅ์ ์๋ ๋ฐฐ์ ๋ ์กด์ฌ์ธ ๋์์ ํฌ์ญ์ ๋์์ด ์๋ค. | Pseudo-religions were not only excluded from the legal order, but were subject to subsumption. |
๋ฒ์ธ์ผ๋ก์ธ์ ๋์ง์์๋ค๋ ์ ์ ๊ณ ๋ คํ๋ฉด ๊ฐ์ต์๋ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ฌ๋ฆฝํ๊ต๋ น์ ์ธํ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ์ง ์์ ๋น์ ๊ท ๊ต์ก์์ค์ด์๋ค๊ณ ์๊ฐ๋๋ค. | Because it was not recognized as a business, it is assumed that the school was a non-formal educational establishment that was not approved by the Private School Ordinance. |
๋ค์ ๋งํด ๊ฐ์ต์๋ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ฌ๋ฆฝํ๊ต๋ น ํ
๋๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ์์ ์ฒ๋๊ต๊ฐ ์ ํ๊ท์ ์ ๋ฐ๋ฅด๋ ๊ต์ก์์ค์ด์๋ค๊ณ ํ ์์๋ค. | In other words, the school was essentially an educational establishment that followed Cheondogyo's norms outside of the framework of the private school statute. |
์ด๋ฌํ ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ณด์ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ ์ํฉ์ ์ฌ๋ถ์ ๊ด๊ณ์์ด ๋ง์ ์ด๋ค์ด ๊ฐ์ต์์ ์ค๋ฆฝ๊ณผ ์ ์ง์ ๋ป์๋ชจ์๊ณ ๊ทธ๋งํผ ๊ฐ์ต์์ ์๋ฏธ์ ์ค์์ฑ์ ์ปธ์๊ฒ์ด๋ผ ์๊ฐ๋๋ค. | In this respect, many people agreed to the establishment and maintenance of the training center, regardless of the economic situation, and it is thought that the training center must have had great meaning and importance. |
์ด๋ฅผํตํด ๊ฐ์ต์์์์ ๊ต์ก๋ด์ฉ์ ๋น์ ๊ต์ก์ ๋ฐ๊ณ ์ ํ๋ ์ด๋ค์ ๊ต์ก์ด์ ๋ค์ด๋ง์๋ค๊ณ ์๊ฐํด๋ณผ ์ ์ ๋ค. | It can therefore be concluded that, at the time, the educational content at the training center matched the zeal of those who wanted to receive education. |
์ฆ ๊ฐ์ต์๋ ์ค๋ฆฝํ๋ผ๋ ๋ช
๋ น์ด ๋ฐ๋ก ์์ด ๊ทธ์ ๋ฐ ๋ผ ์ผ๋ฅ ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ธ์์ก๋ค๊ธฐ ๋ณด๋ค๋ ๊ฐ์ต์ ์ค๋ฆฝ์ ์ทจ์ง๊ฐ ๊ฐ ์ง๋ฐฉ๊ต๊ตฌ์ ์ ํด์ก๊ณ ์ด์ ๊ฐ์ง์ญ์ ๊ต์ธ๋ค์ด ๊ธฐ๋ถ๋ฑ์ ํ์๋ฅผ ํตํด ์ ๊ทน์ ์ผ๋ก ์ ํ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ผ๊ณ ํ ์์๋ค. | In other words, the objective of establishing the training center was communicated to each local parish, rather than issuing a separate directive, and it may be said that church members in each region actively responded by acts such as donations. |
๋ฅผ๋ค์ด ํจ๋จ๋จ์ฒ์ ์ 745 ๊ฐ์ต์์ ๋ถ์ฒญ์ ์ 757 ๊ฐ์ต์๋ ํ์ธ์ด ๋์ง๋ง ๊ทธ ์ฌ์ด์ ์ 746๋ถํฐ ์ 756๊น์ง์ ๊ฐ์ต์ 11๊ฐ์๋ ์ฒ๋๊ตํ์๋ณด ์ด๋์๋ ๊ฒ์ฌ๋์ง ์์๋ค. | For example, the monthly report of the Cheondo Church confirmed the 745 training center in Dancheon, Hamnam, and the 757 training center in Bukcheong, but the 11 training centers numbered 746 to 756 were not published. |
ํํธ ํด์ธ์์ค๋ฆฝ๋๊ฐ์ต์๋ ์ฐพ์๋ณผ ์์๋๋ฐ ์ค๊ตญ์๋ณ๊ณ์์ 127๋ถํฐ์ 131๊น์ง์5๊ฐ์ ๋ถ๊ฐ๋์์ 366 1๊ฐ์ ๋ ์๊ฐํ์ ์ 729 1๊ฐ์์ ๊ฐ์ต์๊ฐ ๊ทธ๊ฒ์ด๋ค. | Training centers were also established overseas, including five schools in Xibian, China, from No. 127 to No. 131, one in North Gando, No. 366, and No. 729 in Linjiang County. |
์ด ์ค ์ 2์กฐ๋ฅผํตํด ๊ฐ์ต์์ ๊ต์ธ ์์ ๋ฅผ๊ต์ก๋์์ผ๋กํ๊ณ ์๋๊ฒ์์์์๋๋ฐ ์ด์๊ดํด์๋๋ณธ๊ณ 4 ์ ์ ์ ์์ธํ ๋ค๋ฃจ๊ฒ ์ง๋ง ์ค์ ๋ก๋ ์ฒ๋๊ต์ธ์ด ์๋ ์์ ๋ค๋ ๊ต์ก์ ๋ฐ๋ ๊ฒ์ด ๊ฐ๋ฅํ๋ค. | Article 2 demonstrates that schoolchildren are subject to education. Although this will be covered in length in Section 4 of this paper, children who are not Cheondogyo members can acquire an education. |
์ด์ ํจ๊ป ๊ฐ์ต์ด๋ผ๋ ๊ต์กํ๋๊ณผ ๊ด๋ จํ์ฌ ๊ฒ์ฌ๋ ์ฒ๋๊ตํ์๋ณด์ ๊ธ์ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ๋ฉด ๊ทธ์์ธํ ๋ชฉ์ ์ ํ์
ํ ์์๋ค. | Furthermore, the detailed objective can be understood by referring to the monthly report of Cheondo Church, released in reference to educational lectures. |
์ด๋ ์์น์ ๋ช
์๋์ด ์๋ ๊ฐ์ต์์ ์ค๋ฆฝ ๋ชฉ์ ๊ณผ๋๊ฐ๋ค. | This is the same purpose specified in the bylaws, the establishment of the training center. |
์ฒซ ๋ฒ์งธ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ ์์ ํ ์์น ์ 1์ฅ ์ 2์กฐ์ ๋ฐ๋ฅธ ์ฌํญ์ผ๋ก ๋ณด ์ธ๋ค. | According to Article 2 of Chapter 1 of the Bylaws, the first criterion appears to be the issue. |
๋ ๋ฒ์งธ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ ์ถฉ๋ถํ ๊ต์ก์ ๋ฐ๋ ๋ฐ์ ํ์ํ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์กฐํญ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ์๊ฐ๋๋ค. | The second condition is regarded as the fundamental requirement for receiving a sufficient education. |
์ธ ๋ฒ์งธ ๊ฐ ๊ณผ์ ์ ๊ฐ์ฅ ์ ํฉํ ๊ต์ก์ ์ค์ํ๊ธฐ ์ํ ์กฐํญ์ผ๋ก ํ๋จ๋๋ค. | Third, it is regarded as a provision for providing the best appropriate education for each subject. |
๋ณด์ฆ์ธ์ ๊ดํด์๋ ๊ฐ์ต์์ด ๋์ค์ ํฌ๊ธฐํ์ง ์๊ณ ์๊ฐ์ ๊ณ์ํ๊ฒ ํ๊ธฐ ์ํด ๋ง๋ จํ์กฐํญ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ์๊ฐ๋๋ค. | The guarantee is considered to have been included to ensure that the student does not drop out halfway through the course and continues to attend. |
๋ ๋ณด์ฆ์ธ์ ์กด์ฌ์ ๋ํด์๋ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ฒ์์ ์ ์๋ค. | The existence of the guarantor is also not known. |
์ด๋ ์์ ์ธ๊ธํ ๊ตญ๊ฐ ์๊ธฐ์ ๋ํ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ ์ฑ
์๊ณผ ์ญํ ์ ์ํ ๊ต์ก์ ํ์์ฑ๊ณผ ์ค์์ฑ์ ๋ํ ์๋ณํฌ์ ์ธ์์ด ๋ฐ์๋ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ๋ณผ ์ ์๋ค. | This can be interpreted as Son Byeong-hee's recognition that education is both relevant and necessary to prepare the people for their responsibilities and involvement in the aforementioned national crisis. |
๋ฐ๋ผ์ ๊ฐ์ต๋ฃ๊ฐ ๋น์ ๋ณดํตํ๊ต ์์
๋ฃ์ ๋นํด ๊ณ ์ก์ด ์๋์๋๊ฒ์ ๋ฌผ๋ก ์ค์ ๋ก๋ ๋ฉ๋ถ ํ ์ ์๋ ์ํฉ์ด์๋ค๊ณ ํด๋ ์ 4์กฐ์ ๊ท์ ๊ณผ ๋ฌ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ์ต์์์ ๊ต์ก์ ๋ฐ๋๋ฐ์ ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ์์๋ค. | Therefore, unlike the provisions of Article 4, there was no difficulty in receiving education at the school, even if the course fee was not high compared to the normal school tuition at the time, and even if it was actually impossible to pay. |
์ฆ ๋จ์ํ ์ง์์ ์ ๋ฌํ๊ณ ๋๋๋ ๋ฐฉ์์ด ์๋๋ผ ์๋ฒ ์ ๋์ ์ฑ์ ๊ด๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ์ง๊ธ์ํ์ ํตํด ์๊ฐ์์ด ๋ณด๋ค ํจ์จ์ ์ผ๋ก ๊ต์ก๋ด ์ฉ์ ์ตํ ์ ์๋ ์ฒด๊ณ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ท๋ค๊ณ ํ ์ ์๋ค. | In other words, rather than being simply a method of imparting knowledge, it is a system in which students can learn the contents of education more efficiently through reward and punishment systems, grade management, and promotion tests. |
ํํธ ์์น ์ 8์ฅ์๋ ์ง ์์๊ดํ๊ท์ ์ด์์ผ๋ ๊ทธ์๊ฒฉ์๊ดํด์๋๋ณ๋์๊ธฐ์ฌ๊ฐ์๊ธฐ ๋๋ฌธ์ ์ ํํ ๋ด์ฉ์ ์ ์ ์๋ค. | However the exact details are unknown, since Chapter 8 of the Bylaws contains regulations on employees, but there is no separate description of the qualifications. |
๋ค์์ผ๋ก ์ผ์ ๊ฐ์ ๊ธฐ ๋ ์ผ๋ณธ์ ์ํํต์ ์ ๊ต์ก์ด ์ค์๋๊ณ ์๋ ๊ฐ์ด๋ฐ ์ฒ๋๊ต๊ฐ ๊ฐ์ต์๋ฅผ ํตํด ์ด๋ ํ ๊ต์ก์ ์ค์ํ๊ณ ์ ํ๋์ง๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ต์์ ๊ต๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํตํด ํ์
ํด ๋ณด๊ณ ์ํ๋ค. | Next, we will try to determine what kind of education Cheondogyo wanted to implement through the school curriculum during the period of Japanese colonial rule and in the midst of Japan's controlled education. |
ํน๋ณ๊ณผ ๋ํ ๋ณธ๊ณผ์ ๋ง์ฐฌ๊ฐ์ง๋ก 11๊ฐ์ ๊ต๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ต์ํ๋๋ก ๋์ด ์์๋ค. | Just like the main department, the special department was intended to teach 11 subjects. |
์ด๋ฌํ ์ ์์ ํน๋ณ๊ณผ๋ ๋ณธ๊ณผ์ ๋ง์ฐฌ๊ฐ์ง๋ก ๊ต๋ฆฌ์ ์น์ฐ์น์ง ์๊ณ ๋ณดํต์ง์์ ์ ๋ฌ์ ์์ฃผ๋ก ํ ๊ต์ก์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์ด ์ก๋ค๊ณ ๋ณผ์์๋ค. | It can be seen that like the main course, the special course was focused on the transmission of common knowledge, not biased toward doctrine. |
๋ง์ง๋ง์ผ๋ก ๊ต๋ฆฌ์ ๋ฌธ์ธ ์์ฑ๊ณผ์ ๊ต๊ณผ์ ์์๋ฅผ ํ์ธํด๋ณด๋ฉด ์๋์ ํ์๊ฐ๋ค. | Finally, the table below shows the curriculum and hours of the specialization course. |
์ฆ ์์ฑ๊ณผ๋ ๋ณธ๊ณผ์ ํน๋ณ๊ณผ์ ๋ฌ๋ฆฌ ์ค์ง ๊ต๋ฆฌ๋ง์ ์ง์ค์ ์ผ๋ก ๊ต์ํ๋ ๊ธ์ ๊ทธ๋๋ก ๊ต๋ฆฌ์ ๋ฌธ๊ณผ์ ์ด์๋ค. | The accelerated course was specialized to intensively teach only doctrine, unlike the main course and the special course. |
์ด์์ ๊ฒํ ๋ฅผ ํตํด ๊ฐ์ต์์ ๋๋ณธ๊ณผ์ ํน๋ณ๊ณผ ์์ฑ๊ณผ์ 3๊ฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ ์ค์น ๋์ด ์๊ณ ๊ฐ ๊ณผ์ ์์ํ๋ ๊ต๊ณผ์ ์์๊ฐ ํ ๋น๋์์์ ํ์ธํ์๋ค. | The above review confirmed that the training center had three departments, each with subjects and hours allocated to the corresponding main course, special, and accelerated courses. |
๋ฌผ๋ก ์ผ์ ๊ฐ์ ๊ธฐ๋ผ๋ ์๋์ ์ํฉ์ ๊ณ ๋ คํ๋ฉด ์ผ๋ณธ์ด ๊ณผ๋ชฉ์ ํ์์์ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ์๊ฐ๋๋ค. | it is considered that the Japanese subject was essential, of course, given the historical situation of the Japanese colonial period. |
๊ทธ๋ฌ๋ ๋ณดํตํ๊ต์์๋ ๋๋ฌด๋๋ ๋ง์ ์์๊ฐ ์ผ๋ณธ ์ด์ ํธ์ค๋์ด ์์๊ณ ๋์ฑ์ด ์ค์
๊ต์ก์ ์ค์ฌ์ผ๋ก ํ ๊ต๊ณผ๊ณผ์ ์ด ๊ณผ์ฐ ์ด๋ฑ๊ต์ก๊ณผ์ ์์ ๋ณดํต์ง์์ผ๋ก์จ ์ ์ ํ๊ฐ์ ๋ํด์๋ ์๋ฌธ์๊ฐ์ง ์์ ์ ์๋ค. | However, too many hours were concentrated on Japanese in ordinary schools. Moreover, we cannot help but question whether the focus on vocational education is as appropriate as ordinary knowledge in the elementary school curriculum. |
์ฆ ๋ณดํตํ๊ต์ ๊ฐ์ค ๋ ๊ต๊ณผ์ ์ค์ง์ ์ธ ๋ด์ฉ์ ๊ฐ์ต์์ ๊ทธ๊ฒ๊ณผ๋ ์๋นํ ๋ฌ๋์ ๊ฒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ํ๋จํ ์์์๊ฒ์ด๋ค. | It can be concluded, therefore, that the actual contents of the subjects taught in ordinary schools would have been quite different from those taught in the training centers. |
๋ํ ์ 2์ฐจ ์กฐ์ ๊ต์ก๋ น ์ดํ ๊ธฐ๋
๊ตํ๊ต์์์ ์ข
๊ต๊ต์ก์ ๊ฑฐ์ ๋ถ๊ฐ๋ฅํด์ก๊ณ ๊ตํ์์ ์ผ์ํ๊ต๋ฅผ ํตํ ์ข
๊ต๊ต์ก์ ์ค์ ์๋๊ฒ๋์๋ค. | In addition, religious education in Christian schools became almost impossible after the 2nd Joseon Education Ordinance, leading churches to use Sunday schools for religious education. |
์คํ๋ ค ์ค์ง์ ์ธ ๊ฐ์ต์์ ๊ต์ก ๋ด์ฉ์ ๋ณดํต์ง์์ ์ ๋ฌ์ด๋ผ๋ ์ ์์ ์ถฉ์คํ๋ค๊ณ ๋ณผ ์ ์๋ค. | Since the practical training center delivered common knowledge, it can be said that it had substantial educational content. |
๋จผ์ ๋ณธ๊ณผ์ ํน๋ณ๊ณผ์ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ ๊ต๋ฆฌ ๊ต๊ณผ ์์๋ก ์ธํด ๋ค๋ฅธ ๊ต๊ณผ๊ต์ก์ด ์ํํด์ง์ง ์๋๋ก ํ๊ธฐ์ํ ๊ฒ์ด์๋ค๊ณ ์๊ฐ๋๋ค. | First of all, I think the purpose of the main course and the special course was to prevent neglect of other subject education, because of the number of catechesis classes. |
๋ ๋ณดํต์ง์๊ณผํจ๊ป๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ผ๋ก๊ต๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ๋ฐฐ์ฐ๊ฒํ๊ฒ์์ฒ๋๊ต์ ๊ต์ก ๋ชฉ์ ์ ์ ๋ฌํ๊ธฐ ์ํจ์ด์๋ค๊ณ ์๊ฐ๋๋ค. | Furthermore, it is thought that basic principles were taught alongside common information to express the educational objective of Cheondogyo. |
์ฆ ๊ฐ์ต์๋ณธ๊ณผ์ ํน๋ณ๊ณผ์ ๊ต๋ฆฌ๊ณผ๋ชฉ์ ์ค์ง์ ์ผ๋ก ๊ต์ก๋ฐ์๊ฒ์ ์ฌํ์ ๊ตญ๊ฐ๋ฅผ ์ํด ํ์ฉํ ์ ์๋ค๋ ์ฌ์์ ์ ๋ฌํ๊ธฐ ์ํ๊ฒ์ด์๋ค๊ณ ์ถ์ธกํด ๋ณผ ์ ์๋๊ฒ์ด๋ค. | In other words, the doctrinal courses of the main course and the special course might be extrapolated to transmit the idea that what was practically educated could be used for society and the nation. |
์ข
ํฉ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ณด์ ๊ฐ์ต์์ ๊ต๊ณผ๋ ๊ต์ก๋ชฉ์ ์ ์ค๋ช
ํ๋ ๊ต๋ฆฌ์ ํจ๊ป ๊ทธ๊ฒ์ ์คํํ๊ธฐ ์ํ ๋ฐฉ๋์ธ ๊ต์ก์ ์ฐฉ์คํ ์ค์ํ๊ณ ์ ํ๋ ๋ด์ฉ์ผ๋ก ๊ตฌ์ฑ๋๊ฒ์ด์๋ค๊ณ ํ ์์๋ค. | Overall, the training center's curriculum was formed of an ideology of the aim of education, and the educational materials as a way to realize it. |
์ด๋ฅผ ํตํด ๊ฒฝ์ ๊ตญ์น ์ด์ ๋ถํฐ ์กด์ฌํ๋ ๊ฐ์ต์๋ ์ฒ๋๊ต๊ฐ ์ ๊ทน์ ์ผ๋ก ์ค์ํ ๊ต๋ฆฌ์ ์ง์ ๊ต์ก์ ์ฌ๋๋ค์๊ฒ ์ ํ๋ ์ฅ์์์์ ์ ์ ์๋ค. | It can be concluded that the purpose of the training center, which existed even before the Gyeongsul National Reign, was to convey the doctrine and knowledge actively promoted by Cheondogyo. |
์ฆ ๊ฐ์ต์์์์ ๊ต์ก์ด ๋น์ ์ฌํ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ด๋ ์ ๋์ ์ํฅ๋ ฅ์ ํ์ฌํ๊ณ ์์์์ ๋ณด์ฌ์ค๋ค๊ณ ํ ์ ์์๊ฒ์ด๋ค. | It demonstrates that education at the training center influenced society at the time. |
๋ค๋ง ๋ณดํตํ๊ต์ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ ์กฐ์ ์ธ์๊ฒ ์ ํ์ ์ด๊ณ ์ฐจ๋ณ์ ์ธ ๊ต์ก์ด ์ค์๋์ ๋ค๋ ์ ์ ์ ํ์ฐ๊ตฌ์์๋ ๊ฑฐ๋ญ ์ง์ ๋์ด์๊ณ ๋ ๊ธฐ๋
๊ตํ๊ต์ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ ์ฌ๋ฆฝํ๊ต๋ก ์ธ๊ฐ๋์๊ธฐ ๋๋ฌธ์ ๋ณดํตํ๊ต์ ๋ง์ฐฌ๊ฐ์ง๋ก ์กฐ์ ์ด๋
๋ถ์ ๊ท์ ์๋ฐ๋ผ ๋จ์๋์ด ์ด์ ๋์๋ค. | However, previous studies of ordinary schools have repeatedly pointed out that limited and discriminatory education was provided to Koreans, and that Christian schools were authorized as private schools. |
๊ทธ๊ฒ์ ์ผ์ ๊ฐ์ ๊ธฐ์ ๋น์ ๊ท๊ต์ก์์ค์ด์๋ ๊ฐ์ต์๊ฐ ๋น์๋ฅผ ์ด์๊ฐ๋ ์ฌ๋๋ค์ ์๊ตฌ์ ์กฐ๊ธ์ด๋ผ๋ ๋ถ์ํ ์ ์๋๊ต์ก์ ํ๋์ฅ์ ์๋ค๋๊ฒ์ด๋ค. | During the Japanese colonial period, the school was a non-formal education facility that could meet the needs of people living at the time. |
์ฒ๋๊ต ๊ต๋ฆฌ๊ฐ์ต์์ ์ด์๊ณผ ๊ทธ ์คํ ์์ ํ ๋ฐ์ ๊ฐ์ ๊ต์ก์ฒด๊ณ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ถ ๊ฐ์ต์๊ฐ ์ค์ ๋ก ์ด๋ป๊ฒ ์ด์๋๊ณ ์์๋์ง๋ ์ฒ๋๊ตํ์๋ณด๋ฅผ ํตํด ํ์
ํ ์ ์๋ค. | Cheondogyo Doctrine Class Operation and Actual Conditions: The monthly report of Cheondo Church explains how the class with the educational approach indicated above was actually implemented. |
๊ทธ์ค์๋ ์ด์์ด ์ค๋จ๋๋ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ๋ ์์๋๋ฐ ๊ทธ๋ผ์๋ ๋ถ๊ตฌํ๊ณ ์ด์๋์ ๊ทน๋ณตํ๊ณ ๊พธ์คํ ๊ต์ก์ ์ค์ํ ๊ฐ์ต์์ ์๊ฐ ๋ ๋ง์๋ค. | Operations were suspended in some cases, but there was a greater number of training centers that overcame operational difficulties and continued education. |
๋ ๊ต์ธ์ ๋ฌผ๋ก ๊ต์ธ์ธ์๊ฒ ๊ธฐ๋ถ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๊ธฐ๋ ํ๋ค. | He received donations from outsiders as well as church members. |
๋ณดํตํ๊ต์๊ฒฝ์ฐ ๋ฑ๋ก๊ธ ์ธ์๋ ๊ต๊ณผ์ ํ์ฉํ ๊ต๋ณต ๋ฑ์ผ๋ก ์ธํ์ง์ถ์ด ๋ง์๊ณ ์ด๋ ์ผ์ ๊ฐ์ ๊ธฐ ๋น์ ์์๋์ด ๋๋ถ๋ถ์ด์๋ ์กฐ์ ์ธ์๊ฒ๋ ์๋นํ ๋ถ๋ด์ด์๋ค. | In ordinary schools, there were a lot of expenditures on textbooks, school supplies, and uniforms, in addition to tuition. This was a considerable burden for Joseon people, who were mostly tenant farmers during the Japanese colonial period. |
์ด๋ฌํ ์ด์๋์๋ ๋ถ๊ตฌํ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ต์๋ฅผ ์ ์งํ๊ธฐ ์ํ ๋
ธ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ง์์ ๋์์์ด ์ด์ด์ก๋ค. | Efforts and support to maintain the training center continued despite these operating difficulties. |
๊ฐ์ต์๋ฅผ ์ ์งํ๊ธฐ ์ํ ์ด ๊ฐ์ ๋
ธ๋ ฅ์ ๊ฑฐ์ ๋ชจ๋ ๊ฐ์ต์์์ ๋ณผ ์ ์๋ ๊ณตํต๋ ํ์์ด์๋ค. | This effort to keep the training facility running was a phenomenon common to almost all training facilities. |
์ฆ ์ค๋ฆฝ๊ณผ์ ์์ ์ ์ ์๋ฏ์ด ๊ฐ์ต์์ ์ด์ ๋ํ ํด๋น ๊ฐ์ต์์ ๋งก๊ฒจ์ ธ์์๋๊ฒ์ด๋ค. | In other words, the operation of the training center was also entrusted to the training center, as demonstrated by the establishment process. |
์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด ํ์๋ถ๋ ์ ์ฒ์ ์๋๊ฐ์ต์์ค 100์ฌ๋ช
์๋ฌํ๋๊ณณ์ด45๊ณณ ๋ค๋ฅธ๊ณณ์์ ์ด๋450 ๋ช
์ ๊ฐ์ต์์ด ๊ฐ์ต์์ ๋ค๋๊ณ ์์์์ด ํ์ธ๋๋ค. | According to this, 45 of the training facilities in Seoncheon, North Pyongan Province, had approximately 100 students, while at least 450 students attended training centers in other locations. |
์ด๋ฅผ ํตํด ๊ฐ๋์ ๊ฐ์ต์ ์กธ์
์์ด ๊ฐ์ ํ์๋จ๋๋ด ์ธ๊ทผ๊ตฐ์ ๊ฐ์ต์ ๊ฐ์ฌ๊ฐ ๋์ด ๊ต์กํ๋์ ํผ์ณค๋๊ฒ์ด ํ์ธ๋๋ค. | This demonstrates that graduates of the Gangdong training school engaged in educational activities as instructors of the training school in a nearby county in South Pyongan Province. |
์ฆ ๋น๊ต์ธ์ด์ด๋ ๊ฐ์ต์์ ๋ค๋๋ ๊ฒ์๋ ์ ํ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์์๋ค. | In other words, even though it was a non-person, going to the training center was not a problem. |
๊ทธ๊ฒ์ ์ฒ๋๊ต๊ฐ ๋น์ ์กฐ์ ์ธ๋ค์๊ฒ ์์ด ๋จ์ํ ์ข
๊ต๋ผ๊ธฐ๋ณด๋ค๋ ํ๋์ ์ฌ์๋จ์ฒด์ ๊ฐ๊น์ด ์กด์ฌ์์์ง๋ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋ค๋๊ฒ์ด๋ค. | Cheondogyo, in other words, may have been more of an ideological organization than a simple religion for the Joseon people at the time. |
๋ค์๋งํด ์
๊ต๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ํ๊ฑฐ๋ ๊ต๋ฆฌ๋ง์ ๊ฐ์กฐํ์ฌ ๊ฐ๋ฅด์น์ง ์์๋ค๊ณ ๋ณผ ์ ์๋ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค. | In other words, it is clear that they did not force entry or place a premium on doctrine. |
์ด๋ ์ฒ๋๊ต์ ๊ต์กํ๋์ด ๋จ์ํ ๊ต์ธํ์ฅ์ ๋ชฉ์ ์ผ๋กํ ๊ฒ์ด ์๋ ์๋ฏผ์ง ์กฐ์ ์ด๋ผ๋ ํ์ค์ ๋ฐ๊พธ๊ณ ์ ํ๋ ์ฌํ๋ณํ์ ์ฌ์์ ๊ธฐ๋ฐํ๊ณ ์์๊ธฐ ๋๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ์๊ฐ๋๋ค. | This is thought to be because Chondogyo's educational activities were based on socially transformative ideas that sought to change the reality of colonial Joseon, rather than simply expanding religious power. |
์ด๋ฅผ ํตํด ๋น๊ต์ธ์ผ๋ก๋ถํฐ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ ์ธ ์ง์์ ๋ฐ๋ ๋์์ ๊ฐ์ต์์ ์ ์ง๋ฅผ ์ํด ๊ฐ์ฅ์ด ๊ธฐ๋ถ๋ ์ฌ์ค์ด ์์์์ ์ ์ ์๋ค. | It can be seen from this that the house was donated for the upkeep of the training center while receiving financial support from non-members. |
์์ ํ ๋ฐ์ ๊ฐ์ด ๊ฐ์ต์์ ๊ต๊ณผ์๋ ๋ณดํตํ๊ต๋ ์ฌ๋ฆฝํ๊ต์ ๋ฌ๋ฆฌ ์ฒ๋๊ต ๊ต๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ผ๋ก ํฌํจ๋์ด์์๋ค. | As previously stated, unlike regular or private schools, the training center's curriculum primarily included Cheondogyo doctrine. |
์ฆ ๊ฐ์ต์์ ๊ต์ก์ ๊ต์ก์ ๋ฐ๋ ์๊ฐ ์ฌํ์ ํ๋์ ๋์๋ ๊ฒ์ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ๊ฒ ํ๋ ๊ฒ์ด์๋ค. | In other words, the education provided at the training center was designed to prepare those receiving it to participate in social activities. |
๋ค๋ง ์ด๊ฐ์ ๊ต์ก์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์ด์ง๋ ๊ฐ์ต์์ ์กด์ฌ๋ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ 1920๋
๋ ์ดํ ๊ธ๊ฒฉํ๊ฒ ์ธ๊ธํ์๊ฐ ์ค์ด ์ฐพ์๋ณด๊ธฐ ์ด๋ ค์์ง๋ค. | However, finding the existence of a training center where such education took place is difficult because the number of mentions of it has decreased dramatically since the 1920s. |
์ด์ ๊ฐ์ ๋ณตํฉ์ ์ธ ์ด์ ๋ก 1920๋
๋ ์ดํ ๊ฐ์ต์์ ๊ธฐ๋ฅ๊ณผ ์ญํ ์ ์ฝํ๋์๊ณ ๊ทธ ์ ๋ํ ์ค์ด ๋ค์์ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ์ถ์ธก๋๋ค. | It is assumed that the function and role of training centers have weakened since the 1920s for these complex reasons, and their number has also decreased. |
๋๋ฌธ์๊ฐ์ต์์ ์ค๋ฆฝ๊ณผ ์ด์์ 1910๋
๋์ ๊ฐ์ฅ ํ๋ฐํ์ผ๋ 1920๋
๋ ์ดํ์๋ ์ด์ ๊ณผ๋ ๋ฌ๋ฆฌ ๋ช๋ช์ง์ญ์์ ๋ง๋จ์ ์ ์ง๋์ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ํ๋จ๋๋ค. | As a result, the establishment and operation of training centers was most active in the 1910s, but it is believed that after the 1920s, unlike before, they remained only in a few areas. |
๋งบ์๋ง ์ด์์ ๊ฒํ ๋ฅผ ํตํด 1910๋
๋๋ผ๋ ์๋์ ์ํฉ์ ๋ฐํ์ผ๋ก ์ฒ๋๊ต ๊ต๋ฆฌ๊ฐ์ต์์ ์ญํ ๊ณผ ์๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ํ์ธํด ๋ณด์๋ค. | The role and meaning of the Cheondogyo Doctrine Institute was confirmed through the above review, based on the historical situation of the 1910s. . |
์ ๋ฆฌํ์๋ฉด ๋น์ ๊ท๊ต์ก์์ค์ด์๋ ์ฒ๋๊ต ๊ฐ์ต์์์๋ ๋ณดํต ์ง์์ ๊ฐ๋ฅด์น๊ธฐ ์ํด ์ข
๊ต๋ฅผ ๋ถ๋ฌธํ๊ณ ๋น์ ๋ณดํตํ๊ต์ ๋นํด ๊ฒฐ์ฝ ๋ค์ง์ง ์๋ ๊ต์ก์ ์ค์ํ์๋ค. | In summary, the Cheondogyo Training Center, a non-formal education facility, taught common knowledge and was in no way inferior to ordinary schools at the time, regardless of religion. |
์ด๋ฌํ ์ฒ๋๊ต์ ๊ต์ก๋ชฉ์ ์ ๊ต์ก์ ๋ฐ์ ์๊ฐ ์ฌํ์ ์ญํ ์ ์ํํ ์ ์๋๋ก ํ๋ ๊ฒ์ด์๋ค. | Cheondogyoโs purpose was to enable the educated to fulfill a social role. |
์ด๋ ๋น์์ ์๋์ ์ํฉ์ ๊ณ ๋ คํ ๋ ์กฐ์ ๋
๋ฆฝ์ ๋ชฉ์ ์ผ๋ก ํ๋ค๊ณ ํ ์ ์์ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค. | The conclusion, taking into account the circumstances of the time, is that this was to ensure Joseon independence. |
๋ช๋ช ์ธ๋ฌผ์ ํ์ธ๋ ๋ฐ ์์ง๋ง ๊ทธ๋ ์ง ๋ชปํ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ๊ฐ ํจ์ฌ ๋ง๋ค. | Some individuals have been identified, but many others have not. |
ํนํ ์๊ธํ๊ต ์งํ์ ๊ดํด์๋ ์ฒ๋๊ต๊ฐ ์ด์์ ๊ด์ฌํ๋ ๋ณด์ฑํ๊ต์ ์งํํ ์ฌ๋ก๊ฐ ํ์ธ๋๊ณ ์์ผ๋ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ด๊ณ ์ถ๊ฐ์ ์ธ ๊ฒํ ๊ฐ ํ์ ํ๋ค. | There are, In particular, confirmed cases of students entering Boseong School, which Cheondogyo was involved in managing, but specific and additional review is required. |
๋ํ ๊ฐ์ต์ ๊ต์ก์ ์ฌํ์ ์ํฅ์ ๋์ฑ ๋ช
ํํ ํ๊ธฐ์ํด์๋ ์๋ฃ ์ดํ ์๊ฐ์๋ค์ด ์ค์ง์ ์ผ๋ก ์ฌํ์์ ์ด๋ค ์ญํ ๊ณผ ํ๋์ ํ์๋์ง๋ฅผ ํ์ธํ ํ์๊ฐ ์๋ค. | To further clarify the social impact of education at the training center, it is also necessary to ascertain what roles and activities the students actually played in society after graduation. |
๋๋ฌธ์ ์ด ๋ถ๋ถ์ ํฅํ ์ฒ๋๊ต์ธ๋ช
์ฌ์ ์ ์ ๊ทน ํ์ฉ ํ์ฌ ๋ณด๋ค ๋ฉด๋ฐํ๊ฒ ๋ถ์ ํ๊ณ ์ํ๋ค. | As a result, this section will be examined more closely in the future by actively using the Cheondogyo Personal Dictionary. |
์ด๋ฅผ ์ํด ๊ต๋ฆฌ๊ฐ์ต์์ ์ ๋ฐ์ ์ธ ์ํฉ์ ๋ํด์๋๊ทธ ์ด์์คํ๊ฐ ์๋ก๋ ์ฒ๋ ๊ตํ์๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ฐํ์ผ๋ก ๋ถ์ ๋ฐ ๊ฒํ ํ์๋ค. | The overall situation of the Doctrine Institute was analyzed and reviewed for this purpose using the Cheondo Church's monthly report, which contains the current status of its operation. |
์ฐ์ 1910๋
๋๋ฅผ์ ํํ์ฌ ์๋ฏผ์ง ๋น๊ตญ์๊ฒ ์์ด ์ฒ๋๊ต ๊ต๋ฆฌ๊ฐ์ต์๊ฐ ์ด๋ค ์กด์ฌ์๋์ง๋ฅผ ํ์
ํ๊ณ ๊ทธ ์ค๋ฆฝ ์ํฉ์๊ฒํ ํ์๋ค. | First of all, around the 1910s, the existence of the Chondogyo Doctrine Institute was identified to the colonial authorities, and its establishment was reviewed. |
์ด์ด ๊ต๋ฆฌ๊ฐ์ต์์์ค๋ฆฝ๋ชฉ์ ๊ณผ์ฒด๊ณ ์ค๋ฆฝ๋์์ ๊ต๊ณผ ๋ฐ ์์๋ฑ์ ์์ธํ ๋ถ์ํจ์ผ๋ก์จ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ผ๋ก ๊ต๋ฆฌ๊ฐ์ต์์์์ ๊ต์ก์ด ์ด๋ป๊ฒ ๋ฌด์์ ์ค์ ์ผ๋ก ์ด๋ฃจ์ด์ง๊ณ ์์๋์ง๋ฅผ ํ์
ํ์๋ค. | The focus of education at the catechesis institutes was revealed by detailed analysis of the purpose and system of establishing the institutes, the number of subjects, and the number of hours. |
๋ง์ง๋ง์ผ๋ก ๊ต๋ฆฌ๊ฐ์ต์์ ์ค์ง์ ์ธ ์ด์์คํ๋ฅผ ๋ถ์ํ์ฌ ๊ต๋ฆฌ๊ฐ์ต์๊ฐ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ผ๋ก ์ด๋ค ๋ฐฉ์์ผ๋ก ์ด์๋์๊ณ ์ค์ง์ ์ธ ๊ต์ก ๋์์ ๋๊ตฌ์๋์ง ๋ํ ๊ต์ก ์์ค์ ์ด๋์ ๋ ์๋์ง๋ฅผ ํ์ธํ์๋ค. | Finally, analysis of the practical operation of the catechism training center confirmed the detailed operation of the catechesis training center, the identity of the actual educational target, and the level of education. |
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