id
int64 39
11.1M
| section
stringlengths 3
4.51M
| length
int64 2
49.9k
| title
stringlengths 1
182
| chunk_id
int64 0
68
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
10,033,362 |
# Allmannsweiler
**Allmannsweiler** (`{{IPA|de|ˈalmansˌvaɪlɐ̯}}`{=mediawiki}) is a municipality in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
## History
In 1803, Schussenried Abbey was secularized and its holdings mediatized to the County of Sternberg-Manderscheid. It was re-mediatized in 1806 to the Kingdom of Württemberg. As one of Schussenried Abbey\'s possessions, Allmannsweiler thus came under the sovereignty of Württemberg and was assigned to Oberamt Saulgau. In 1938, the Oberamt was reorganized into Landkreis Saulgau, which was dissolved by the 1973 Baden-Württemberg district reform. Allmannsweiler was subsequently assigned to a new district, that of Biberach an der Riss.
## Geography
The municipality (*Gemeinde*) of Allmannsweiler covers 410 ha of the district of Biberach an der Riss, making it the second smallest municipality in that district. It is located at the southern edge of the district\'s area, along the border with the district of Sigmaringen. Allmannsweiler is physically located in the basin of the Federsee. Elevation above sea level in the municipal area ranges from a high of 646 m Normalnull (NN) to a low of 589 m NN.
## Culture
The architecture of Allmannsweiler is primarily made up of Baroque farmhouses and half-timber buildings. A notable edifice is the Gothic, 14th century Church of the Holy Cross, the local Roman Catholic parish church.
## Politics
Allmannsweiler has one borough (*Orsteil*): Allmannsweiler.
### Coat of arms {#coat_of_arms}
Allmannsweiler\'s coat of arms depicts a raised, golden cross upon a field of green. The cross is an image of the crucifix in the Church of the Holy Cross, and the green field references the agricultural character of the municipality\'s economy. This coat of arms was awarded along with a municipal flag by the Biberach district office on 23 March 1982.
## Transportation
Allmannsweiler is only connected to Germany\'s network of roadways by its local *Kreisstraßen*. Local bus lines provide for public transportation
| 306 |
Allmannsweiler
| 0 |
10,033,370 |
# North Lincoln High School
**North Lincoln High School** is a high school in Lincolnton, North Carolina. It is a part of the Lincoln County Schools district. The school was established in 2003. North Lincoln\'s team name are the Knights, with the school colors being royal blue, silver, and black.
## History
North Lincoln High School opened in 2003 and became the fourth high school in the Lincoln County Schools district.
## Athletics
North Lincoln has a variety of athletic sports teams for its students. They are affiliated with the North Carolina High School Athletic Association (NCHSAA).
The North Lincoln cross country teams have had a history of success. The boys cross country team won back-to-back 2A state championships in 2011 and 2012. They won five straight state championships from 2017 to 2021, with the last being won as a 3A school. The North Lincoln girls cross country team have also won five straight state championships, winning from 2020 to 2024, with the last four being in the 3A class. Both the boys and girls cross country teams have also had individual state champions.
Both North Lincoln\'s boys and girls outdoor track and field teams won the 2A state championship in 2021, with the boys team also winning in 2019.
The Knights boys golf team won back-to-back state 2A championships in 2009 and 2010.
The North Lincoln baseball team won the class 2A baseball championship in 2019. North Lincoln rallied during the state championship games held at UNC Greensboro, winning two games to none, to claim the schools first baseball state championship.
## Marching band {#marching_band}
In 2009, the North Lincoln Band of Knights placed in the top 50 in the Bands of America Grand National Championships in Indianapolis, Indiana. The band has also represented the state of North Carolina on the national stage three times, at the dedication of the National WW2 Memorial in 2005 and the National Memorial Day Parade in 2013 and 2022, both in Washington D.C. It is currently under the direction of Matthew Minick, who took over from Kevin Still starting in the 2021 season. The band achieved finals for the first time in the schools history at Bands of America regional championships at Rutgers University
| 371 |
North Lincoln High School
| 0 |
10,033,371 |
# Attenweiler
**Attenweiler** (`{{IPA|de|ˈatn̩ˌvaɪlɐ}}`{=mediawiki}) is a municipality in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany
| 16 |
Attenweiler
| 0 |
10,033,374 |
# Berkheim
**Berkheim** (`{{IPA|de|ˈbɛʁkhaɪm}}`{=mediawiki}) is a municipality in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
## Mayors
In April 2011 Walter Puza was elected mayor with 91.46% of the votes, succeeding Michael Sailer. Puza was re-elected in 2019
| 39 |
Berkheim
| 0 |
10,033,380 |
# Burgrieden
**Burgrieden** (`{{IPA|de|ˈbʊɐ̯kʁiːdn̩}}`{=mediawiki}) is a municipality in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg, in Germany. It is located in the Central European Standard Time zone, and its population according to the latest data is --- 3.6 thousand (0% of the total population of Germany)
| 45 |
Burgrieden
| 0 |
10,033,386 |
# List of geometrid genera: O
The very large moth family Geometridae contains genera beginning with A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, **O**, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y and Z
| 43 |
List of geometrid genera: O
| 0 |
10,033,390 |
# Dürmentingen
**Dürmentingen** (`{{IPA|de|dʏʁˈmɛntɪŋən}}`{=mediawiki}) is a town in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany
| 16 |
Dürmentingen
| 0 |
10,033,394 |
# Ornithoptera croesus
\| image = Ocroesus.jpg \| image_caption = Male \| taxon = Ornithoptera croesus \| authority = Wallace, 1859 }} ***Ornithoptera croesus***, the **Wallace\'s golden birdwing**, is a species of birdwing butterfly found in northern Maluku in Indonesia.
It is a member of the *Ornithoptera priamus* species group which, including *croesus*, is only found east of the Wallace Line. The larval food plants are species of the genus *Pararistolochia*. Matsuka (2001) illustrates the early stages (from N. Maluku; see also Igarashi, 1979).
## History
The \"Wallace\" in the common name, Wallace\'s golden birdwing, refers to Alfred Russel Wallace who described the species in 1859. Wallace recounts his capture of the butterfly in his book *The Malay Archipelago* (1869): \"The beauty and brilliancy of this insect are indescribable, and none but a naturalist can understand the intense excitement I experienced when I at length captured it. On taking it out of my net and opening the glorious wings, my heart began to beat violently, the blood rushed to my head, and I felt much more like fainting than I have done when in apprehension of immediate death. I had a headache the rest of the day, so great was the excitement produced by what will appear to most people a very inadequate cause.\"
The specific epithet of *Ornithoptera croesus*, is named after Croesus, the king of Lydia from 560 to 547 BC.
## Description
**Male:** The upperside wings are black and have a yellow costal band. There is a clearly visible long oval sex brand (of androconial scales) in the black area. The underside is black marked with lines of green chevrons. The upperside hindwings are yellow and the underside is green, yellow towards the costa. The veins are black and there is a submarginal row of black spots. The head and thorax are brown and the abdomen is yellow.
**Female:** typical of birdwing butterflies, *Ornithoptera croesus* is strongly sexually dimorphic. Females are larger than males and have brown wings marked with lines of yellow chevrons.
Image:OrnithopteraCroesus2Rippon.jpg Image:OrnithopteraCroesusRippon.jpg
## Subspecies
- *Ornithoptera croesus croesus*
- *Ornithoptera croesus helios* Kobayashi & Hayami, 1992 Kasiruta Island
- *Ornithoptera croesus lydius* (Felder & Felder, 1865) Halmahera Island, Ternate Island, Tidore Island, Doi Island
- *Ornithoptera croesus sananaensis* Tsukada & Nishiyama, 1980 Bacan Island
- *Ornithoptera croesus toeantei* Parrot & Schmid, 1984 Morotai Island
- *Ornithoptera croesus wallaci* Deslisle, 1993 Mandioli Island
## Conservation
*Ornithoptera croesus* was formerly considered vulnerable by the IUCN, but its status was changed to Near Threatened in 2018. It is also listed in the Appendix II of CITES, restricting international trade to captive-raised specimens only
| 437 |
Ornithoptera croesus
| 0 |
10,033,395 |
# Dürnau, Biberach
**Dürnau** (`{{IPA|de|ˈdʏʁnaʊ̯}}`{=mediawiki}) is a town in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany
| 17 |
Dürnau, Biberach
| 0 |
10,033,398 |
# Eberhardzell
**Eberhardzell** (`{{IPA|de|ˈeːbɐhaʁttsɛl}}`{=mediawiki}) is a municipality in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
## Culture and Attractions {#culture_and_attractions}
- Parish church *St
| 25 |
Eberhardzell
| 0 |
10,033,402 |
# Erolzheim
**Erolzheim** (`{{IPA|de|ˈɛɐ̯ʁɔlt͡shaim}}`{=mediawiki}) is a town in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany
| 16 |
Erolzheim
| 0 |
10,033,406 |
# Gutenzell-Hürbel
**Gutenzell-Hürbel** (`{{IPA|de|ˈɡuːtn̩tsɛl ˈhʏʁbl̩}}`{=mediawiki}) is a town in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
Gutenzell developed out of Gutenzell Abbey, a Cistercian nunnery founded in 1237
| 29 |
Gutenzell-Hürbel
| 0 |
10,033,408 |
# Marianela (novel)
***Marianela*** is a Spanish novel written by Benito Pérez Galdós in 1878. Several secondary characters appear in the novella that would become protagonists in his later novel cycle, Novelas españolas contemporáneas (Contemporary Spanish Novels).
## Plot
The novel takes place in the fictional town of Socartes, Spain. The town\'s name refers to the philosopher Socrates, and his ideas about internal and external beauty. It tells the story of Marianela (sometimes referred to as \"Nela\"), a poor orphan girl with an ugly face, and her love for Pablo, a blind boy, who also has romantic feelings towards Nela. Marianela frequently sings to Pablo, and he believes she is beautiful because of her voice and wild yet intelligible imagination.
Pablo\'s father asks a famous doctor, Teodoro Golfín, to examine Pablo to determine if his sight can be obtained. Pablo, full of hope at the prospect, promises Nela that he will marry her after the operation, if successful. He is convinced that Nela is beautiful, even when she tells him otherwise. In the meantime, Pablo\'s father plans for Pablo to marry his beautiful cousin, Florentina, but tells neither of them about it. Florentina comes to Socartes, and when Marianela first sees her, she mistakes her for the Virgin Mary because of her beauty. When Florentina is out walking with Pablo and Marianela, she expresses her pity for Nela because she is poor, abandoned and nobody loves her. She vows to take charge of Nela and clothe and educate her, and have Marianela live with her like a sister.
Pablo eventually gets the operation that gives him his sight. Before seeing Nela, he sees Florentina and assumes she was Nela but was corrected. He is completely entranced by Florentina\'s beauty and occasionally asks for Nela. Nela attempts suicide because she knows that now she is of no use, since Pablo has the ability to see and differentiate between beautiful and ugly, but she is saved by Dr. Golfín. He takes Nela to Pablo\'s villa and into Florentina\'s room (which used to be the room of the wife of Don Francisco) and takes care of her while she is hiding away from Pablo because of her looks. Then, due to Pablo\'s desire to see Florentina, Pablo finds his way to Florentina\'s room and serenades Florentina for all her beauty. He then has his attention drawn to Don Teodoro and Nela on the sofa and confuses her for \"just a poor girl who Florentina took in from the street.\" Marianela then finally reveals herself and kisses Pablo\'s hand three times. Upon the third kiss, she dies of a broken heart and leaves Pablo distraught and shocked.
## Characters
- **Marianela \"(la) Nela\"** -- A 16-year-old poor girl who looks like the age of 12 and has a passion for Pablo. She is not only his guide, but also his admirer.
- **Pablo Penáguilas** -- A 20-year-old blind boy who has a passion for la Nela. Eventually regains his eyesight and because of her beauty, fancies his cousin Florentina instead, causing la Nela to die of a broken heart.
- **Teodoro Golfín** -- The doctor who performs Pablo\'s eye surgery; he gives him his sight back.
- **Carlos Golfín** -- Engineer of the mines where he lives.
- **Francisco Penáguilas** -- Father of Pablo, cares for his son very much; he is also well respected and very rich.
- **Manuel Penáguilas** -- The brother of Francisco and father of Florentina, the girl who marries Pablo.
- **Florentina de Penáguilas** -- Pablo\'s cousin, who eventually marries him.
- **Sra. Ana de Centeno** -- Also known as *la Señana*.
- **Sr. Centeno** -- Nela\'s caretaker. He is the caretaker of all 60 mules for the mines.
- **Celipín Centeno** -- The youngest of the Centeno children. Usually given money by Marianela. Wants to leave Socartes to get an education.
- **Sofía de Golfín** -- Wife of Carlos.
- **Maria Canela** -- Mother of Nela.
## Subject
The novella, in its scope of characters, is a study of the relations between pessimism, irrationalism, and fiction. These theories are embodied, respectively, in the novella's characters: Teodoro Golfín, Pablo, and Nela. The story contrasts their psychological analysis with a detailed description of nature, as an examination of the complexity of the world and its beauty.
| 716 |
Marianela (novel)
| 0 |
10,033,408 |
# Marianela (novel)
## Film adaptations {#film_adaptations}
In 1940, 1955 and 1972, the novel was adapted into films. A Mexican TV series based on the novel was filmed in 1961. In 1988 there was a second Mexican adaptation of Marianela as soap opera *Flor y Canela* starring Edith Gonzalez (Florentina), Ernesto Laguardia (Pablo) and Daniela Leites (Marianela). There is also a teleteatro of Marianela starring Fernando Colunga as Pablo.
In 2018, Sri Lankan director Bennett Rathnayake directed the film *Nela* as an adaptation of the novel
| 86 |
Marianela (novel)
| 1 |
10,033,411 |
# Hochdorf, Biberach
**Hochdorf** (`{{IPA|de|ˈhɔxdɔɐ̯f}}`{=mediawiki}) is a town in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany
| 17 |
Hochdorf, Biberach
| 0 |
10,033,423 |
# Paul Brydges
**Paul Brydges** (born June 21, 1965) is a Canadian former ice hockey centre. He played fifteen games in the National Hockey League for the Buffalo Sabres during the 1986--87 season. He has also worked as an assistant coach for the Ontario Hockey League\'s Guelph Storm.
Brydges was born in Guelph, Ontario
| 54 |
Paul Brydges
| 0 |
10,033,424 |
# Ingoldingen
**Ingoldingen** (`{{IPA|de|ˈɪngɔldɪŋən}}`{=mediawiki}) is a town in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. It is located about 9 km southwest of Biberach an der Riß
| 28 |
Ingoldingen
| 0 |
10,033,428 |
# Kanzach
**Kanzach** (`{{IPA|de|ˈkant͡sax}}`{=mediawiki}) is a town in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany
| 16 |
Kanzach
| 0 |
10,033,432 |
# Kirchdorf an der Iller
**Kirchdorf an der Iller** (`{{IPA|de|ˈkɪʁçdɔʁf ʔan deːɐ̯ ˈʔɪlɐ}}`{=mediawiki}, `{{lit|Kirchdorf on the Iller}}`{=mediawiki}) is a municipality in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
## Geography
It is located in upper Swabia at the river Iller which forms the border to Bavaria
| 47 |
Kirchdorf an der Iller
| 0 |
10,033,438 |
# Brother Island (Niagara River)
**Brother Island** is a small, uninhabited island off the coast of Goat Island in the U.S. state of New York. It lies in the Niagara River, close to the Horseshoe Falls and the Three Sisters Islands. It is part of the city of Niagara Falls.
It is one of only five islands in the area surrounding the Horseshoe Falls which have not been claimed by Canada
| 71 |
Brother Island (Niagara River)
| 0 |
10,033,441 |
# Langenenslingen
**Langenenslingen** (`{{IPA|de|ˌlaŋənˈʔɛnslɪŋən}}`{=mediawiki}; Swabian: *Ẽslenga*) is a municipality in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. It has a population close to 3,500.
## Geography
### Location
Langenenslingen is located on the northern edge of Upper Swabia in Old and Young Drift in the district of Biberach. It lies on the Upper Swabian Baroque Route, a tourist route.
The highest elevation of the Biberach district with 801 metres is located in Ittenhausen.
## History
Langenenslingen was first mentioned in a document in 935. It originally belonged to the Counts of Veringen. They sold it in 1291 to the House of Habsburg. In 1806 Langenenslingen fell to Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, where it was assigned to *Oberamt* Sigmaringen, later Sigmaringen district. In 1945 it became a part of the newly formed Württemberg-Hohenzollern and since 1952 it has been part of the state of Baden-Württemberg. Since 1973 Langenenslingen has been located in Biberach district.
### Amalgamations
- 1 February 1972: Egelfingen
- 1 January 1975: Andelfingen, Billafingen, Dürrenwaldstetten, Emerfeld, Friedingen, Ittenhausen and Unterwilflingen
### District history {#district_history}
#### Andelfingen
The place *Antolvinga* was already mentioned in documents, when local goods from the convent St. Gallen were transferred to the Bishop of Constance.
#### Billafingen
Alemannic grave finds indicate a settlement already in the 7th century. In the 13th century the city came as *Pilofingen* to the Counts of Grüningen-Landau, later to Habsburg. In the district reform in 1973 the site was, although formerly belonging to Hohenzollern, assigned to the district of Biberach.
#### Dürrenwaldstetten
Since 1975 it belongs to the district of Biberach. The village was first clearly identified in 1273 in a document of the monastery Heiligkreuztal. The parish map of Dürrenwaldstetten was first mentioned in 1275. In 1611/2 95 and in 1635/6 43 people died from the plague. During the Thirty Years\' War Dürrenwaldstetten was plundered by Swedish troops. In 1803, the monastery Zwiefalten was secularized and the monastery\'s possessions came to Württemberg. The monastery\'s parishes, including Dürrenwaldstetten came to the Diocese of Constance. Dürrenwaldstetten came in 1809 to *Oberamt* Riedlingen.
Dürrenwaldstetten was connected to the electric power grid of the *Oberschwäbische Elektrizitätswerke* (OEW, later EVS, now EnBW) in 1922. The district of Saulgau was dissolved in 1972 as part of the district reform; Dürrenwaldstetten came to the district of Biberach. The village was dominated for a long time by agriculture. Now almost all residents are employed outside of the village in the secondary and tertiary sectors.
#### Egelfingen
Egelfingen belonged to the Knights rule Unterwilflingen, they were vassals of the Counts of Veringen. In 1487 the location was sold by the Counts of Hornstein to Hans Mulflingen. His heirs sold the place including the castle Schatzberg to the Schenk von Stauffenberg.
#### Emerfeld
Emerfeld formerly belonged to the imperial rule Gundelfingen, later to the Prince of Fürstenberg. The church was consecrated in 1133 by the Bishop of Constance. For a long time iron ore was mined and smelted in the nearby Lauchert valley.
#### Friedingen
In 1278 Countess Sophia of Veringen gave an estate from Friedingen to the monastery Heiligkreuztal. In 1286 Count Heinrich von Veringen sold all his possessions from Friedingen to the monastery Kreuztal for 130 silver marks.
#### Ittenhausen
Ittenhausen once belonged to the Counts of Veringen, after their extinction to the Counts of Rechberg and in 1447 for a short time to the Counts of Württemberg, who sold it again in 1465. With the resolution of the monastery Zwiefalten in 1803 the place with 200 inhabitants fell to the Duchy, later Kingdom of Württemberg.
#### Unterwilflingen
Documented for the first time in 1086, Unterwilflingen once belonged to the Counts of Veringen or the Count of Gruningen-Landau. Many of the local goods came by purchase or donation to the monastery Heiligkreuztal. The writer Ernst Jünger had his residence in Unterwilflingen in the local Stauffenberg Forsthaus from 1951 until his death in 1998.
## Governance
### Mayor
The mayor of Langenenslingen is Andreas Schneider.
### Council
Mayor Schneider is the head of the council, which besides him has 19 members.
### Coat of arms {#coat_of_arms}
A divided blade up in red on green Dreiberg three golden deer feet, bottom in gold three red deer antler above the other. The upper half of the shield corresponds to the seal of the Heinrich von Enslingen from the year 1341. The deer antler in the lower half of the shield relate to the Counts of Veringen as Langenenslingen belonged to the County of Veringen in the 14th century. The coat of arms was granted by the Interior Ministry of Württemberg-Hohenzollern on 28 January 1949.
### Town twinning {#town_twinning}
Since 1997 there is a partnership with the Polish community of Brzesko.
| 779 |
Langenenslingen
| 0 |
10,033,441 |
# Langenenslingen
## Education
Langenenslingen has a primary school.
## Demographics
**Population development:**
+------------------------+
| Year Inhabitants |
| ------ ------------- |
| 1990 3,130 |
| 2001 3,516 |
| 2011 3,468 |
| 2021 3,554 |
+------------------------+
## Attractions
### Museums
- Forsthaus (Ernst Jünger House) in Unterwilflingen: Ernst Jünger lived in the Stauffenberg Forsthaus in Unterwilflingen, a Baroque building of 1728, from 1950 until his death in 1998. In 1999, the house was turned into a museum and memorial by the Ernst-Jünger-Foundation.
- Unterwilflingen Castle: The Stauffenberg family have been the owners of Unterwilflingen Castle since 1464. Johann Franz Schenk von Stauffenberg built the current structure in 1710 as a hunting lodge. The Reichstag Vice President Franz August Schenk von Stauffenberg and his son Franz Schenk Freiherr von Stauffenberg established a private library, which now contains about 30,000 volumes. During World War II the castle served as a princely exile and home of the retired Ministers of Vichy France from Sigmaringen.
### Notable buildings {#notable_buildings}
- Alte Burg, remains of a hilltop fortification dating to the Hallstatt period and associated with nearby Heuneburg, a major Celtic settlement.
- Parish church of *St. Jakob* (*St. Jacobus Maior*) in Dürrenwaldstetten, Baroque church of 1781/1782 with frescoes by Januarius Zick.
- The church of *St. Mauritius* in Langenenslingen, was first mentioned in 1266 and expanded in 1736/36. In 1751 the interior was structured and painted.
- The church of *St. Konrad* in Langenenslingen was built 1889--1893.
- The chapel Maria refuge on the Eichberg bei Langenenslingen was built by returning German soldiers in 1947/48 as prayer and memorial to the fallen and missing persons of World War II
| 278 |
Langenenslingen
| 1 |
10,033,444 |
# Maselheim
**Maselheim** (`{{IPA|de|ˈmaːzl̩haɪm}}`{=mediawiki}) is a municipality in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
## Mayors
- 1946--1954: Johann G
| 22 |
Maselheim
| 0 |
10,033,453 |
# Moosburg, Baden-Württemberg
**Moosburg** (`{{IPA|de|ˈmoːsbʊɐ̯k}}`{=mediawiki}) is a town in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany
| 17 |
Moosburg, Baden-Württemberg
| 0 |
10,033,455 |
# Kelakam, India
**Kelakam** is a town and grama panchayat located in the Kannur district of Kerala state, India. Kerala Hill Highway (SH 59) and the proposed Mananthavady Mattanur airport road pass through Kelakam town.
## Location
Kelakam is located on Hill Highway of about 55 km east of district headquarters Kannur, 48 km north east of Thalassery, 24 km south east of taluk headquarters Iritty and 10 km east of Peravoor. The prominent Kottiyoor Temple is just 7 km away from here.
## Demographics
As of 2011 Census, Kelakam had a population of 16,211 of which 7,979 are males and 8,232 are females. Kelakam village spreads over an area of 77.93 km2 with 4,026 families residing in it. The sex ratio of Kelakam was 1,032 lower than state average of 1,084. Population of children in the age group 0-6 was 1,610 (9.9%) where 823 are males and 787 are females. Kelakam had an overall literacy of 94.6% higher than state average of 94%. The male literacy stands at 95.7% and female literacy was 93.6%.
## Geography
It is a small town located in hilly regions of the western slope of western ghats. The Bavali River runs through the town, and the Kottiyoor Vadakkeshwaram Temple is seven kilometers away. It is situated near Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary which is ten kilometers away.
## Etymology
Kelakam got its name from words \"kela\" \"kam\" meaning resting place of \"bullock\" referring to resting place of the bullock of Lord Shiva. It is in the Christian migration belt but different religious groups live harmoniously. The town is known for its hill produce including pepper, rubber, tapioca, and coconut. The land around Kelakam is fertile and is preferred for farming. The town is a centre for textiles and jewelry shops.
## Tourism
Kelakam town, fast growing, beautiful, serene place in the Kannur district of Kerala. The people are very friendly and peacefully co-existing for about 60--70 years, the time when it started to grow due to the migration of people from the Travancore (South) side of Kerala. It is a centre of Hill-produce, Textiles shops and Jewellery shops. Not many places will be there in Kerala where there are so much Christian churches of various denominations. Long back Father Vadakkan observed fasting for farmers in Kelakam.
## Transportation
Kerala State Hill highway (SH 59) passes through Kelakam town. The National Highway (NH 66) passes through Thalassery town on the west. Mangalore and Mumbai can be accessed on the northern side and Cochin and Thiruvananthapuram can be accessed on the southern side. The road to the east of Kelakam connects to Mysore and Bangalore through Mananthavadi route. The nearest railway station is Thalassery on Mangalore-Palakkad line. The nearest airport is Kannur International Airport which is 37 km away from Kelakam.
The proposed Mananthavady Mattannur airport four lane road passes through Kelakam where a bypass is being built for the town. It will give easy access for the people from south eastern parts of Kannur district and northern parts of Wayanad districts towards the airport.
## Educational institutions {#educational_institutions}
St.Thomas Higher Secondary school\
Little flower English high School\
MGM(Mar Gregorio\'s Memorial) high school\
St.Joseph\'s high school Adakathode\
Manjalapuram UP school\
Chettiyamparambu school\
Providence L P School Velloonni\
St. Mark L P School Chungakkunnu\
Govt.U.P School Adakkathode\
Govt.LP School Shantigiri
## Religious places {#religious_places}
- St. Thomas Orthodox Salem Church Kelakam
-
- San Jos Syro Malabar church kelakam (St.Joseph\'s church)
- Sree Murchilakattu Maha Devi temple Kelakam
- St. George Orthodox Valiyapalli kelakam
- Little Flower Malankara Catholic Church Kelakam
- Immanuel Marthoma Church Kelakam
- Indian Pentecostal Church of God, Kelakam
- Assemblies of God church(Pentecostal church), Kanichar
- The Pentecostal Mission Church, Kelakam
- St. Mary\'s & St. Thomas Jacobite Syrian Sunoro Church Kelakam
- St. Joseph\'s church Adakkathode
- St. George Malankara catholic church Adakkathode
- Sree Palliyara mahadevi temple Adakkathode
- St. Mary\'s Orthodox Church Chettiyamparamba
- St. John the Baptist\'s Church Chettiyamparamba
- Providence church velloonny
- St. Antony\'s Church Manjalampuram
- Fathima Matha Forane church Chungakkunnu
| 674 |
Kelakam, India
| 0 |
10,033,455 |
# Kelakam, India
## Gallery
Kelakam Town.jpg\|Kelakam Town <File:Kelakam2.jpg%7CKelakam> Town <File:Kelakam> 5.jpg\|Kelakam Town <File:Kelakam> 6.jpg\|Kelakam Town <File:Kelakam> 7
| 18 |
Kelakam, India
| 1 |
10,033,461 |
# Oggelshausen
**Oggelshausen** (`{{IPA|de|ˈɔgl̩shaʊ̯zn̩}}`{=mediawiki}) is a municipality in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany
| 16 |
Oggelshausen
| 0 |
10,033,466 |
# Rot an der Rot
**Rot an der Rot** (`{{IPA|de|ˈʁoːt ʔan deːɐ̯ ˈʁoːt}}`{=mediawiki}) is a town in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. The town developed out of Rot an der Rot Abbey.
## Bilder
<File:Rot> ad Rot, Klosterkirche Sankt Verena (und Maria) Lijst 2 Paragraph 28 foto3 2014-07-28 12.44.jpg\|Church: Klosterkirche Sankt Verena und Maria <File:Rot> ad Rot, Oberes Tor positie1 Lijst 1 Paragraph 28 foto3 2014-07-28 12.18.jpg\|Gate: Oberes Tor <File:Wayside> cross in Rot an der Rot
| 79 |
Rot an der Rot
| 0 |
10,033,478 |
# Seekirch
**Seekirch** (`{{IPA|de|ˈzeːkɪʁç}}`{=mediawiki}) is a town in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany
| 16 |
Seekirch
| 0 |
10,033,484 |
# Tiefenbach, Biberach
**Tiefenbach** (`{{IPA|de|ˈtiːfn̩bax}}`{=mediawiki}) is a town in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany
| 17 |
Tiefenbach, Biberach
| 0 |
10,033,487 |
# Ummendorf, Baden-Württemberg
**Ummendorf** (`{{IPA|de|ˈʊməndɔɐ̯f}}`{=mediawiki}) is a town in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
## Attractions
Ummendorf is located on the main route of the Upper Swabian Baroque Route
| 32 |
Ummendorf, Baden-Württemberg
| 0 |
10,033,490 |
# Unlingen
**Unlingen** (`{{IPA|de|ˈʊnlɪŋən}}`{=mediawiki}) is a municipality in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
## Geography
Unlingen lies in southwestern Germany, between the Upper Swabian mountain known as the Bussen and the river Danube.
Unlingen contains the districts of Dietelhofen, Göffingen, Möhringen and Uigendorf.
## Political history {#political_history}
The first recorded mention of Unlingen occurred in 1163. In 1291 Unlingen fell to the House of Habsburg, and eventually became a part of Further Austria. At the end of the 14th century, the Steward of Waldburg held large portions of the town. In 1525, 2,000 farmers gathered in Unlingen as it became one of the starting points of the German Peasants\' War. During the Thirty Years\' War, Unlingen was destroyed by both Imperial and Swedish troops. In 1635, plague killed a large part of the population.
In 1806, during the Napoleonic Wars, Unlingen became a part of the Kingdom of Württemberg and was assigned to the jurisdiction of Riedlingen. With the district reform of 1938, the town became part of the county of Saulgau, then in 1973 was added to the district of Biberach.
## Religious history {#religious_history}
By 1269 a church stood in Unlingen. In 1414 the Franciscan monastery *Maria Heimsuchung* was founded.
## Notable residents {#notable_residents}
German striker Mario Gomez grew up in Unlingen
| 217 |
Unlingen
| 0 |
10,033,495 |
# Uttenweiler
**Uttenweiler** (`{{IPA|de|ˈʊtn̩ˌvaɪlɐ}}`{=mediawiki}) is a municipality in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
## History
Uttenweiler was first mentioned in 1173. The name allegedly goes back to Blessed Uta, who is said to have died in the area. For a short period of time Uttenweiler came under Austrian rule. In 1449 an Augustinian Monastery was established in Uttenweiler. As a result of the Reichsdeputationshauptschlusses Uttenweiler came under rule of the princes of Thurn und Taxis in 1803, but fell in 1806 to the kingdom of Württemberg. There it was assigned to the Oberamt Riedlingen and in 1938 to the Landkreis Saulgau. The district reform of 1973 led to the affiliation to the district of Biberach.
On 1 January 1973 the previously independent communities of Ahlen and Sauggart were incorporated into Uttenweiler. The present community of Uttenweiler was formed on 1 October 1974 by the merger of the communities of Uttenweiler, Dietershausen, Dieterskirch, Oberwachingen, and Offingen.
## Politics
In 2014 Werner Binder was elected as the new Mayor of Uttenweiler. He was re-elected in 2022.
### The Village Council {#the_village_council}
The village council in Uttenweiler has 16 members. At the local elections on 26 May 2019, the council was elected by a majority vote. Majority elections are held if no or only one nomination has been submitted. The candidates with the highest number of votes are then elected. The municipal council consists of the honorary municipal councils and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council. The turnout was 69.5% in 2019
| 260 |
Uttenweiler
| 0 |
10,033,500 |
# Wain (Württemberg)
**Wain** (`{{IPA|de|ˈvaɪn}}`{=mediawiki}) is a village and municipality in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany
| 19 |
Wain (Württemberg)
| 0 |
10,033,503 |
# Spanish Institute for Foreign Trade
The **Spanish Institute for Foreign Trade (ICEX)** (*Instituto Español de Comercio Exterior*) is an agency of the Spanish Ministry of Industry, Tourism and Trade (*Ministerio de Industria, Turismo y Comercio*) which works worldwide with the objective of promoting the internationalization of Spanish companies in order to improve their competitiveness and to add value to the Spanish economy as a whole, as well as boosting foreign investment in Spain.
The Institute acts mainly in the following areas:
- It designs and carries out commercial promotion and investment programs in foreign markets.
- It prepares and provides information regarding international markets and the Spanish products offered.
- It promotes the teaching of technical skills to business people and the training of professionals in foreign trade.
- It provides customised advice and support through the Spanish network of Economic and Commercial Offices.
- ICEX is also one of the main Spanish publishers specialising in international trade: manuals, business guides and country data.
To effectively meet its objectives, ICEX is assisted by the network of Economic and Commercial Offices in the Spanish embassies (*Red de Oficinas Económicas y Comerciales de las Embajadas de España en el Exterior*) abroad and, within Spain, by the Regional and Territorial Trade Directorates. It also coordinates its programs with those of the Autonomous Regions, Chambers of Commerce, the Spanish Confederation of Employers\' Organizations (CEOE), Collaborating Entities and other Spanish institutions related to international commerce in order to achieve a model of shared overseas promotion. The Centre for Economic and Commercial Studies (CECO) is an associated training centre through which ICEX assists in training young professionals (for example, with a scholarship program that includes an MBA in International Management\")
| 285 |
Spanish Institute for Foreign Trade
| 0 |
10,033,505 |
# Warthausen
**Warthausen** (`{{IPA|de|ˈvaʁthaʊ̯zn̩}}`{=mediawiki}) is a municipality in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany and birthplace of Friedrich Karl von Koenig-Warthausen. Included among its neighbourhoods is Oberhöfen, which hosts the *Dorfplatz Feschd* every year.
## Geographical location {#geographical_location}
Warthausen is located 4 km north of Biberach and 38 km south of Ulm. Through the municipality flows the southern Danube tributary Riß.
## Municipality arrangement {#municipality_arrangement}
The municipality Warthausen consists of the main municipality Warthausen with Oberhöfen and Röhrwangen and from the part locations Birkenhard and courtyards with Barabein, Galmutshöfen, Herrlishöfen, Rappenhof and Rißhöfen.
## Incorporations
On 1 January 1973 Birkenhard was incorporated to Warthausen.
The incorporation of Höfen was on 1 May 1974.
## Mayor
Succeeding Franz Wohnhaas who was since 1987 in office and no longer contested the election, Cai-Ullrich Fark became 2003 elected mayor of Warthausen. On October 17, 2010, he was replaced by Wolfgang Jautz (independent). With 53.73 percent of the vote to Jautz prevailed over the incumbent, who only came to 46.02 percent of the vote. The turnout was 62.9 percent.
## Council
The number of councilors may change by overhang mandates. The local elections on 25 May 2014 led to the following official results. The turnout was 52.8% (2009: 57.4%). The council consists of the elected honorary councilors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council. party be right seats 2009 results
- Free Voters Association 62.3% 10 63.9%, 10 seats
- CDU 37.7% 6 36.1%, 5 seats
## Twin cities {#twin_cities}
Warthausen is twinned with:
- Waldenburg, Saxony
## Economy and Infrastructure {#economy_and_infrastructure}
### Transport
Warthausen is located on the Southern Railway (Württemberg)Ulm - Friedrichshafen. Hourly trains run to Ulm and Friedrichshafen. The former railway station now serves as Button museum. Until Ulm and up to Bad Schussenried the tariff of Donau-Iller-Nahverkehrsverbund is valid. Following the motorway network via the motorway interchange Neu-Ulm is on the four-lane federal Bundesstraße 30.
## Tourism
In Warthausen starts the *Öchsle bike trail* to Ochsenhausen, the track is sometimes parallel to the Öchsle railway.
The Warthausen brewery (founded 1632, closed 1970) was known as beer supplier for up to 400 restaurants in Southern Germany. Today`{{when|date=August 2024}}`{=mediawiki} a nursing home is housed in the brewery building.
### Museums
The Button Museum in the former station building was opened in spring 1999. The \"Oechsle\", a narrow-gauge museum railway, runs from May to October during the weekends.
### Buildings
The Schloss Warthausen (16th century) had been in the possession of the counts of Stadion (state) since 1696. It was acquired in 1829 by Wilhelm von König-Warthausen. Since 1985 the palace and estate are owned by Franz Freiherr von Ulm zu Erbach.
## Sons and daughters of the town {#sons_and_daughters_of_the_town}
- Franz Kober (1821--1897), professor of Catholic theology at the university of Tübingen
- Richard Freiherr Koenig and from Warthausen (1830--1911), naturalist
- Friedrich Karl Freiherr Koenig and from Warthausen (1906--1986), born at Schloss Warthausen, pilot, lawyer and author
- Karl Arnold (1901--1958), born in Herrlishöfen, politician (Centre Party, CDU), MP, MdL (Nordrhein-Westfalen), Prime Minister of North Rhine-Westphalia (1947--1956)
```{=html}
<!-- -->
```
- Rüdiger Vogler (born 1942), actor
- Karl Imhof, pastor and honorary citizen of Warthausen and Bedernau (Mindelheim)
## Persons who are in conjunction with the municipality {#persons_who_are_in_conjunction_with_the_municipality}
- CDU MP Julius Steiner (de) (1924--1997), lived in Warthausen until the 1990s
| 561 |
Warthausen
| 0 |
10,033,523 |
# Durbar Mahila Samanwaya Committee
The **Durbar Mahila Samanwaya Committee** (*দুর্বার মহিলা সমন্বয় সমিতি* *Durbar Mohila Shômonbôe Shomiti* \"Unstoppable Women\'s Synthesis Committee\"), or simply **Durbar**, is a collective of 60,000 sex workers in West Bengal. Established on 15 February 1992, in Sonagachi, the largest red-light district in Kolkata, West Bengal, India with estimated 11,000 sex workers, Durbar has been working on women\'s rights and sex workers\' rights advocacy, anti-human trafficking and HIV/AIDS prevention. The Durbar states that its aims are the challenging and altering of the barriers that form the everyday reality of sex workers\' lives as they relate to their poverty or their ostracism. Durbar runs 51 free clinics for sex workers across West Bengal, with support from organisations such as the Ford Foundation and the National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO), who also help Durbar in its initiatives like networking, rights protection and creating alternative livelihood for sex workers.
The group is overtly political in its aims of fighting for the recognition of prostitution as legal work and, of sex workers as workers and, for a secure social existence of sex workers and their children. They work for the legalisation of prostitution and seek to reform laws that restrict human rights of sex.
## History
On 15 February 1992, public health scientist Dr. Smarajit Jana of All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, Kolkata, visited the red-light area of Sonagachi for a HIV intervention research study. A peer education team was formed from amongst the sex workers and provided training. Shortly after, studies revealed larger issues amongst sex workers, such as sex workers rights, education of their children, access to financial services and handling of harassment by police and local thugs, along with promoting the use of condoms. Thus in 1995 he formed \'Durbar Mahila Samanwaya Committee\' (DMSC) with 12 sex workers as stakeholders. By 2012 DMSC had a membership of 65,000 from 48 branches across the state of West Bengal, and continues to be managed by sex workers, their children and government officials as its board members, and has not just female sex workers as its members but also male and transgender sex workers.
Since its inception, it has been working as an advocacy group for sex workers and over the years, it has worked towards sensitizing general public about rights of sex workers, often initiating debate and discussion in public media and press, besides advocating abolition of \'The Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 1956\' (PITA), and legalisation of sex work. Many sex workers now have voters identity cards, health insurance and even bank accounts. In 1995, its consumer cooperative society and micro-credit programme, \'Usha\' (literally meaning light), ensured that the Government of West Bengal altered the state\'s cooperative law to register it as a sex workers cooperative, instead of a \'housewives cooperative\' under the prevalent state laws. By 2006--2007, small saving of its 5,000 members lead to an annual turnover to `{{INRConvert| 9.75|c}}`{=mediawiki}, with loan of `{{INRConvert| 2.12|c}}`{=mediawiki} distributed amongst its members, which also helped break the monopoly of local moneylenders, who would charge interest rates of up to 300%. The DMSC hosted India\'s first national convention of sex workers on 14 November 1997 in Kolkata, titled \'Sex Work is Real Work: We Demand Workers Rights\'.
DMSC runs 17 non-formal schools for children of sex workers, and two hostels, one at Ultadanga and the other at Baruipur. Its cultural wing, \'Komol Gandhar\', teaches dance, drama, mime and music to children, who invited regularly for paid shows.
## HIV/AIDS project {#hivaids_project}
The Durbar runs the STD/HIV Intervention Programme (commonly known as the Sonagachi Project) since 1999. The ownership and management of the Sonagachi Project was taken over by DMSC from the All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, a central government public health training and research institute based in Kolkata, which had initiated the programme in 1992. After gaining control of the STD/HIV Intervention Programme in 1999, DMSC began replicating the Sonagachi model in other red light areas in West Bengal. DMSC also implements STD/HIV intervention Programme among street-based sex workers and their clients, covering a population of over 20,000 sex workers and migrant labourers. DMSC currently implements and runs STD/HIV intervention programmes in 49 sex work sites in West Bengal.
The approach of Durbar\'s programme is based on the *3 Rs* - Respect, Reliance and Recognition. Respect towards sex workers, Reliance on the knowledge and wisdom of the community of sex workers and, Recognition of sex work as an occupation, for protecting their occupational and human rights.
Durbar is active in building broader alliances to promote HIV prevention, care and support for HIV infected and affected individuals and families both at the national and regional levels
| 780 |
Durbar Mahila Samanwaya Committee
| 0 |
10,033,529 |
# Bermatingen
**Bermatingen** is a commune in the district of Bodensee in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
\_\_TOC\_\_
## Geography
Bermatingen is located 4 km west of Markdorf in the valley of the Seefelder Aach. It is bordered to the north by Salem, the east by Deggenhausertal, the south by Markdorf, and the west by Meersburg.
The commune comprises two municipalities: Bermatingen (with the villages of Autenweiler and Wiggenweiler), and Ahausen. The two municipalities were joined into the same commune on 1 January 1973.
## History
### Bermatingen
Alemannian farmers settled in the region in the 5th-7th Centuries. The first mention of Bermatingen is in 779 as *Permodingas*, in which Ato and his wife Herosta donated the village to St Gall\'s Abbey in modern Switzerland. A family of knights of Bermatingen are mentioned beginning in 1166, and they constructed a castle at Burg Bermatingen to the northeast of the town. The last mention of the family is in 1303. The village later passed to the ministerialis family of the Schenk von Ittendorf, who sold their rights to the town to Salem Abbey in 1390.
In 1525 during the German Peasants\' War, Eitelhans Ziegelmüller, one of the peasant commanders, took Bermatingen and used it as a base to attack towns, castles and monasteries in the surrounding region as far as Buchhorn (modern Friedrichshafen). The peasants marched to battle at Weingarten by late April where they made peace with the forces of the Swabian League under George III Truchsess of Waldburg-Zeil, agreeing to end the insurrection and returning property to its feudal owners in exchange for improved conditions and right to arbitration in disputes.
Bermatingen was devastated by a fire in 1590 and the Salem abbot Peter Müller directed the effort to reconstruct the town.
In the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803, in which the principalities of the ecclesiastic rulers were dispersed to the counts and princes of the empire, Bermatingen with the rest of the territory of Salem Abbey was disbursed to the Electorate of Baden.
### Ahausen
Ahausen was first mentioned in a donation on 10 May 752 as *Hahahusir* to St Galls\' Abbey. The village later passed to the Schenks von Ittendorf, Lindau Abbey, the Free City of Überlingen in 1434, Fahr Abbey in 1651, temporarily to Weingarten Abbey in 1693, and finally to the Prince-Bishopric of Constance later that year. The Prince-Bishopric administered Ahausen with neighbouring town Ittendorf (in Markdorf commune).
Ahausen passed to the Electorate of Baden in the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss in 1803.
Ahausen was subject to the heavy flooding of the Seefelder Aach for much of its history. The last catastrophic flood was in 1906 before the construction of a dam and corrective works for the flow of the river.
## Coat of arms {#coat_of_arms}
+---+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | **Bermatingen**\ |
| | The first use of the bear as the symbol of the town dates from a private contract between two villagers in 1506. It is hypothesised the bear (German: *bär*) is a canting of the prefix *Per*, from the ancient name of the town (*Permodingas*). |
+---+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | **Ahausen**\ |
| | The arms were adopted in 1902. The gold and green quarters are derived from the arms of the Lords of Ellerbach, which were proven as resident to the town in the 15th Century. The shell is in reference to St James\' Chapel in the town
| 558 |
Bermatingen
| 0 |
10,033,531 |
# Lennon Legend: The Very Best of John Lennon (video)
*Pandoc failed*: ```
Error at (line 112, column 1):
unexpected '{'
{{album chart|AustraliaMV|7|artist=John Lennon|dvd=Legend|archive-url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20080222222435/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/23790/20040107-0000/Issue723
| 24 |
Lennon Legend: The Very Best of John Lennon (video)
| 0 |
10,033,537 |
# Deggenhausertal
**Deggenhausertal** is a municipality in the district of Bodensee in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
\_\_TOC\_\_
## Geography
Deggenhausertal is located in two hilly valleys between the mountains of Gehrenberg and Höchsten. It is bordered to the west by Heiligenberg and Salem, to the south by Bermatingen, Markdorf and Oberteuringen, to the east by the District of Ravensburg and its communes of Horgenzell and Wilhelmsdorf, and to the northwest by the commune of Illmensee in the District of Sigmaringen.
The commune contains 6 municipalities and several villages:
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Deggenhausen with the villages Ellenfurt and Obersiggingen
Homberg with the villages Azenweiler, Burg, Höge, Limpach, Magetsweiler, Möggenhausen, Oberhomberg, Oberweiler, Rubacker, Unterhomberg, Wahlweiler, Wattenberg and Wippertsweiler
Roggenbeuren
Untersiggingen with the villages Eggenweiler, Eschle, Grünwangen and Riedetsweiler
Urnau with the village of Fuchstobel
Wittenhofen with the villages Harresheim, Kaltbächle, Lellwangen, Mennwangen, Sinnenberg und Wendlingen
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
## History
Historically Deggenhausertal was located in the border region between the Free Cities of Überlingen and Ravensburg, the Prince-Bishopric of Constance, Salem Abbey and the County of Heiligenberg. The different municipalities belonged to different feudal owners. By 1779 Deggenhausen, Homberg, Untersiggingen and Wittenhofen had come under the rule of the Princes of Fürstenberg; Roggenbeuren belonged to the cathedral chapter of Constance and Urnau to Salem Abbey.
In the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803, in which the principalities of the ecclesiastic rulers were dispersed to the counts and princes of the empire, Roggenbeuren and Urnau were disbursed to the Electorate of Baden. During the formation of the Confederation of the Rhine in 1806, the principality of Fürstenberg was mediatised and the other four municipalities were also annexed by Baden.
The 6 municipalities were separate communes until 1 January 1972 when they were united to form the larger conglomerate *Deggenhausertal*.
## Coat of arms {#coat_of_arms}
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The coat of arms display black shears over a white field, with a vert nebuly chief. The shears are taken from the arms of the Lords of Deggenhausen who were ruled from Deggenhausen until the 14th century, though with the colours adopted by the municipality Deggenhausen. The chief was taken from the border of the arms of the Princes of Fürstenberg who later ruled most of the commune. The chief should be blue, not green, however by request of the district it was made green to represent the agriculture and forestry of the commune
| 391 |
Deggenhausertal
| 0 |
10,033,538 |
# Leobardo López
**Leobardo López García** (born 4 September 1983) is a Mexican former professional footballer who played as a centre-back.
He received first cap at the friendly match against China on 16 April 2008. He scored his first goal with Mexico against Ecuador and also added an assist to the winning goal, the result was 2--1.
## Honours
**Pachuca**
- Mexican Primera División: Clausura 2007
- CONCACAF Champions\' Cup: 2007, 2008
- Copa Sudamericana: 2006
- North American SuperLiga: 2007
**Monterrey**
- CONCACAF Champions League: 2012--13
**Veracruz**
- Copa MX: Clausura 2016
**Necaxa**
- Supercopa MX: 2018
## Career statistics {#career_statistics}
### International
National team Year Apps Goals
--------------- ------ ------ -------
Mexico 2008 3 1
2009 4 0
2010 2 0
Total 9 1
### International goals {#international_goals}
\|- \| 1
| 133 |
Leobardo López
| 0 |
10,033,540 |
# Eriskirch
**Eriskirch** is a municipality in the Bodensee district of Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
## History
Eriskirch was a possession of the Free City of Buchhorn (now Friedrichshafen) until it was annexed by the Electorate of Bavaria in 1803. In 1810, it was ceded to the Kingdom of Württemberg, whose government assigned the municipality to Oberamt Tettnang. That district was reformed in 1938 as Landkreis Tettnang, under whose jurisdiction Eriskirch remained. As part of the 1973 Baden-Württemberg district reform, Eriskirch was reassigned to the newly organized Bodensee district.
## Geography
The municipality (*Gemeinde*) of Eriskirch is found in the Bodensee district of Baden-Württemberg, one of the 16 States of the Federal Republic of Germany. Eriskirch lies at the southeast edge of the district, on the shores of Lake Constance, whose Lake Constance basin most characterizes the municipal area\'s landscape. The shore of Lake Constance within Eriskirch\'s municipal area is covered by an alluvial forest. Elevation above sea level in the municipal area ranges from a high of 421 m Normalnull (NN) to a low of 391 m NN by Lake Constance.
A portion of the Federally protected Eriskircher Ried nature reserve is located in Eriskirch\'s municipal area.
## Politics
Eriskirch has one borough, Eriskirch, and 16 villages: Braitenrain, Dillmannshof, Gmünd, Hofstatt, Knöbelhof, Langenacker, Mariabrunn, Moos, Oberbaumgarten, Röcken, Schlatt, Schoppenhof, Schussenreute, Unterbaumgarten, Wolfzennen, and Ziegelhaus. In addition, the abandoned villages of Adelshofen, Mönchloh, and Vogelsang are located in the municipal area.
### Coat of arms {#coat_of_arms}
Eriskirch\'s coat of arms is divided in half *party per pale* into a left, blue and a right, yellow half. In the blue field is a *fleur de lis*, adopted as a municipal motif around 1936. Opposite it is a church, with white walls and a blue roof, referring to the name of the municipality. This coat of arms was awarded by the provisional post-World War II Württemberg-Hohenzollern government on 30 June 1952 and again by the Bodensee district office on 10 April 1981. Accompanying the second awarding was a municipal flag
| 336 |
Eriskirch
| 0 |
10,033,546 |
# Frickingen
**Frickingen** is a municipality and a village in the district of Bodensee in Baden-Württemberg in Germany
| 18 |
Frickingen
| 0 |
10,033,547 |
# Hagnau am Bodensee
**Hagnau am Bodensee** is a commune and a village in the district of Bodensee in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. It lies on the north shore of Lake Constance (*Bodensee* in German).
## Literature
- (en) Tourist Information Hagnau (Editor): *Hagnau Lake Constance. For the best times of the year.* (leaflet about 2008)
| 55 |
Hagnau am Bodensee
| 0 |
10,033,569 |
# Kressbronn am Bodensee
**Kressbronn am Bodensee** is a municipality and a village in the district of Bodensee in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. It lies on Lake Constance.
Between 1919 and 2011, Kressbronn was the site of the Bodan-Werft shipyard, which built many of the ferries and other vessels used on Lake Constance and other Alpine lakes.
The lawyer Nicolas Becker was born in Kressbronn am Bodensee in 1946
| 68 |
Kressbronn am Bodensee
| 0 |
10,033,571 |
# Langenargen
**Langenargen** is a town in the district of Bodensee in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
## Demographics
**Population development:**
+---------------------------------------------+
| Year Inhabitants Year Inhabitants |
| ------ ------------- ------ ------------- |
| 1871 1,593 1990 6,598 |
| 1890 1,536 1994 6,999 |
| 1900 1,613 1998 7,116 |
| 1925 2,276 2002 7,314 |
| 1933 3,100 2006 7,554 |
| 1939 3,100 2010 7,803 |
| 1950 3,539 2014 7,848 |
| 1961 4,217 2015 7,863 |
| 1970 5,253 2017 7,778 |
| 1987 6,073 2018 7,721 |
+---------------------------------------------+
## Sports
Langenargen is an ideal venue for sports such as sailing. The town\'s location on the shores of the Bodensee (Lake Constance) provides smooth waters even when windy. Langenargen is the host city of Match Race Germany, part of the World Match Racing Tour. The event draws the world\'s best sailing teams to Langenargen in a battle of nerve and skill on the water. The identical supplied boats (Bavaria-35 Match) are raced two at a time in an on the water dogfight which tests the sailors and skippers to the limits of their physical abilities. Points accrued count towards the World Match Racing Tour and a place in the final event, with the overall winner taking the title ISAF World Match Racing Tour Champion. Match racing is an ideal sport for spectators in Langenargen and neighbouring towns, as racing in close proximity to the shore provides excellent heart of the action views for the audience. Match Race Germany through the World Match racing Tour and the associated supporting cultural events have helped raise the international profile of Langenargen as well as providing a boost to the economy and local businesses
| 284 |
Langenargen
| 0 |
10,033,573 |
# Neukirch, Baden-Württemberg
**Neukirch** is a town in the district of Bodensee in Baden-Württemberg in Germany
| 16 |
Neukirch, Baden-Württemberg
| 0 |
10,033,580 |
# Mike Boland (ice hockey, born 1954)
**Michael John Boland** (October 29, 1954 -- October 8, 2017) was a Canadian ice hockey defenceman. He played 23 games in the National Hockey League (NHL) between 1975 and 1979 for the Kansas City Scouts and Buffalo Sabres. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1974 to 1984, was spent in the minor leagues, primarily in the International Hockey League.
## Playing career {#playing_career}
Boland was drafted in the seventh round, 110th overall, by the Kansas City Scouts in the 1974 NHL amateur draft. He played one game in the National Hockey League with Kansas City in the 1974--75 season and 22 more with the Buffalo Sabres during the 1978--79 season.
In his 23-game NHL career, Boland scored one goal and added two assists. Boland remained an active hockey player with the Buffalo Sabres Alumni Association, which raises money for various charities around Western New York. His sister Diane is married to his former teammate, Don Luce. Boland died after a period of declining health at a hospital in Amherst, New York in 2017.
## Career statistics {#career_statistics}
### Regular season and playoffs {#regular_season_and_playoffs}
Regular season
------------ ----------------------------- -------- ----- ----------------
Season Team League GP G
1971--72 London Knights OHA 14 1
1972--73 Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds OHA 55 4
1973--74 Sault Ste
| 221 |
Mike Boland (ice hockey, born 1954)
| 0 |
10,033,601 |
# Sipplingen
**Sipplingen** is a municipality in the district of Bodensee in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
## World Heritage Site {#world_heritage_site}
It is home to one or more prehistoric pile-dwelling (or stilt house) settlements that are part of the Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps UNESCO World Heritage Site
| 48 |
Sipplingen
| 0 |
10,033,604 |
# Stetten, Bodenseekreis
**Stetten** (`{{IPA|de|ˈʃtɛtn̩|-|De-Stetten.ogg}}`{=mediawiki}) is a town in the district of Bodensee in Baden-Württemberg in Germany
| 17 |
Stetten, Bodenseekreis
| 0 |
10,033,611 |
# Cariyāpiṭaka
The **Cariyapitaka** (`{{IAST|cariyāpiṭaka}}`{=mediawiki}; where *cariya* is Pali for \"conduct\" or \"proper conduct\" and *pitaka* is usually translated as \"basket\"; abbrev. Cp) is a Buddhist scripture, part of the Pali Canon of Theravada Buddhism. It is included there in the Sutta Pitaka\'s Khuddaka Nikaya, usually as the last of fifteen books. It is a short verse work that includes thirty-five accounts of the Buddha\'s former lives (similar to Jataka tales) when he as a bodhisattva exhibited behaviors known as \"perfections,\" prerequisites to buddhahood. This canonical text, along with the Apadana and Buddhavamsa, is believed to be a late addition to the Pali Canon and has been described as \"hagiographical.\"
## Overview
In the first story (Cp. I), the Buddha says he will illustrate his practice of the perfections (Pali, *pāramitā* or *pārami*) by stories of his past lives in this current age. The text contains 35 such stories, spanning 356 to 371 verses.
The body of the Cariyapitaka is broken into three divisions (*vagga*), with titles correlated to the first three of the ten Theravada *pāramitā*:
- Division I (*dāna pāramitā*): 10 stories for the perfection of offering (*dāna*)
- Division II (*sīla pāramitā*): 10 stories for the perfection of conduct (*sīla*)
- Division III (*nekkhamma pāramitā*): 15 stories distributed among five other perfections, as follows:
- renunciation (*nekkhamma pāramitā*): five stories
- resolute determination (*adhiṭṭhāna pāramitā*): one story
- truth (*sacca pāramitā*): six stories
- loving-kindness (*mettā pāramitā*): two stories
- equanimity (*upekkhā pāramitā*): one story
The three remaining Theravada perfections --- wisdom (*paññā*), energy (*viriya*), patience (*khanti*) --- are mentioned in a closing stanza but no related Cariyapitaka stories have come down to us. Horner suggests that these latter three perfections are \"implicit in the collection,\" referenced in both story titles and contexts.
## Translations
- \"The collection of the ways of conduct\", in *Minor Anthologies of the Pali Canon*, volume III, 1st edition, tr B. C. Law, 1938
- \"Basket of conduct\", in *Minor Anthologies* III (along with \"Chronicle of Buddhas (Buddhavamsa)\"), 2nd edition, tr I. B. Horner, 1975, Pali Text Society[3](http://www.palitext.com), Bristol
- Tr Bhikkhu Mahinda (Anagarika Mahendra), Cariyāpiṭaka: Book of Basket of Conduct, Bilingual Pali-English First Edition 2022, Dhamma Publishers, Roslindale MA; `{{ISBN|9780999078198}}`{=mediawiki} [4](https://api.learnbuddhism.org/downloads/Bhikkhu-Mahinda-Cariyapitaka-Edition-1.pdf)
| 370 |
Cariyāpiṭaka
| 0 |
10,033,616 |
# Roger Cotterrell
**Roger B. M. Cotterrell** `{{post-nominals|country=GBR|FBA|FAcSS}}`{=mediawiki} is the Anniversary Professor of Legal Theory at Queen Mary University of London and was made a fellow of the British Academy in 2005. Previously he was the Acting Head of the Department of Law (1989--90), Head of the Department of Law (1990-1), Professor of Legal Theory (1990--2005) and the Dean of the Faculty of Laws (1993-6) at Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London.
## Background
Roger Cotterrell studied law at University College London as an undergraduate and postgraduate and began his teaching career at the University of Leicester as a lecturer in law in 1969. After returning to London in 1973, he studied sociology and politics at Birkbeck College (1975-8) while teaching law full-time at Queen Mary College, University of London. Thereafter he was one of the small group of law and sociology academics in Britain who first specialised in the new field of sociology of law from the 1970s. His leading book on the subject has been translated into several languages. From the late 1990s he developed a \"law and community\" approach to socio-legal theory, attempting to replace sociology of law\'s traditional \"law and society\" approach, and stressing links with comparative law and the study of law\'s embeddedness in culture. The approach has influenced research in such diverse fields as communal property rights, sentencing policy, and foreign investment law.
He has also sought to re-define relations between jurisprudence and sociology, reformulating the idea of a sociological jurisprudence, and has argued that the role of jurists must be value-oriented rather than merely technical. His writings insist on clearly distinguishing jurisprudence (as the professional theoretical and practical knowledge of jurists) from the currently dominant forms of Anglophone legal philosophy.
In 2013 he was awarded the Socio-Legal Studies Association prize for \"contributions to the socio-legal community\" and in 2014 was made a fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences. In 2022 he was awarded the Dennis Leslie Mahoney Prize in Legal Theory.
He has also broadcast, published and given public talks on jazz. He wrote profiles of musicians and reviewed music for many magazines from the late 1960s until the 1990s, and has edited and contributed to books on jazz. From 1975 to 1992 he wrote regularly for the Warsaw-based magazine *Jazz Forum*, published internationally in English, German and Polish editions. His son is the artist David Cotterrell.[3](http://www.cotterrell.com/)
## Main publications {#main_publications}
Books:
- *The Sociology of Law: An Introduction*. London: Butterworths / Oxford University Press (2nd edn, 1992)
- *Law, Democracy and Social Justice*. (co-edited with Brian Bercusson) Oxford: Blackwell (1988)
- *The Politics of Jurisprudence: A Critical Introduction to Legal Philosophy*. Oxford: Oxford University Press (2nd edn, 2003)
- *Law and Society*. (edited) Abingdon: Routledge (1994)
- *Law\'s Community: Legal Ideas in Sociological Perspective*. Oxford: Clarendon Press (1995)
- *Emile Durkheim: Law in a Moral Domain*. Stanford: Stanford University Press / Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press (1999)
- *Sociological Perspectives on Law*. (edited) Abingdon: Routledge, 2 vols (2001)
- *Bass Lines - A Life in Jazz*. (with Coleridge Goode) London: Northway (2002)
- *Law in Social Theory*. (edited) Abingdon: Routledge (2006)
- *Law, Culture and Society: Legal Ideas in the Mirror of Social Theory*. Abingdon: Routledge (2006)
- *Living Law: Studies in Legal and Social Theory*. Abingdon: Routledge (2008)
- *Emile Durkheim: Justice, Morality and Politics*. (edited) Abingdon: Routledge (2010)
- *Authority in Transnational Legal Theory*. (co-edited with Maksymilian Del Mar) Cheltenham: Edward Elgar (2016)
- *Sociological Jurisprudence: Juristic Thought and Social Inquiry*. New York / London: Routledge (2018)
- *Jurisprudence and Socio-Legal Studies: Intersecting Fields*
| 596 |
Roger Cotterrell
| 0 |
10,033,619 |
# Eddie Prévost
**Edwin John Prévost** (born 22 June 1942) is an English percussionist who founded the free improvisation group, AMM.
## Early years {#early_years}
Of Huguenot heritage, Prévost\'s silk weaving ancestors moved to Spitalfields in the late 17th century. He was born in Hitchin, Hertfordshire, England. Brought up by single parent mother (Lilian Elizabeth) in war-damaged London Borough of Bermondsey. He won a state scholarship to Addey and Stanhope Grammar School, Deptford, London, where to-be drummers Trevor Tomkins and Jon Hiseman also studied. Music tuition, however, was limited to singing and general classical music appreciation. Enrolled in the Boy Scouts Association (19th Bermondsey Troop) to join marching band. As a teenager began to get involved with the emerging youth culture music; skiffle, before being introduced to a big jazz record collection of a school friend with rich parents. With a bonus from the florist, for whom Prévost worked part-time after school, purchased his first snare drum from the Len Hunt drum shop in Archer Street (part of London\'s theatre land).
After leaving school at 16, Prévost was employed in various clerical positions, whilst continuing his musical interests. Although, by now immersed in the music of bebop, his playing technique was insufficient for purpose. New Orleans style jazz (\'trad\') offered scope for his growing musical prowess. He played in various bands mostly in the East End of London. It was during a tenure with one of these bands he met trumpeter David Ware, who also shared a passion for the hard-bop jazz music. In their early twenties they later formed a modern jazz quintet which ultimately included Lou Gare, who had recently moved to London from Rugby, Warwickshire, and was a student at Ealing College of Art and a member of the Mike Westbrook Jazz Orchestra.
| 296 |
Eddie Prévost
| 0 |
10,033,619 |
# Eddie Prévost
## AMM
AMM was co-founded in 1965 by Lou Gare, Eddie Prévost and Keith Rowe. They were shortly joined by Lawrence Sheaff. All had a jazz background. They were, however, soon augmented by composer Cornelius Cardew. Thereafter, Cardew, Gare, Prévost and Rowe remained as basis of the ensemble until the group fractured in 1972. Other more formally trained musicians were to enter the ranks of AMM after Cardew\'s departure. Those to make significant contributions were cellist Rohan de Saram and, in particular, pianist John Tilbury. The latter was a friend and early associate of Cardew and later became his biographer.
### AMM philosophy {#amm_philosophy}
In contrast to many other improvising ensembles, the core aesthetic of the ensemble is one of enquiry. There was no attempt to create a spontaneous music reflecting, or emulating, other forms. The AMM sound-world emerged from what Cardew referred to as \"searching for sounds\". For Prévost, the following would become the core formulation which he would explore during his subsequent musical career, and explain and develop in various writings (see bibliography) and workshop activities.
In the 1980s, in response to various workshops and lectures, Prévost first formulated the twin analytical propositions of *heurism* and *dialogue* as defining concepts for an emergent musical philosophy, whilst acknowledging Cardew\'s construction (above). This line was explored and constantly redefined much through the London workshop experience, as his articles and his books show. (see below: The London Workshop). His 2011 book --- *The First Concert: an Adaptive Appraisal of a Meta Music* --- is described as a view \"mediated through the developing critical discourse of adaptionism; a perspective grounded in Darwinian conceptions of human nature. Music herein is examined for its cognitive and generative qualities to see how our evolved biological and emergent cultural legacy reflects our needs and dreams. This survey visits ethnomusicology, folk music, jazz, contemporary music and \"world music\" as well as focusing upon various forms of improvisation -- observing their effect upon human relations and aspirations. However, there are also analytical and ultimately positive suggestions towards future metamusical practices. These mirror and potentially meet the aspirations of a growing community who wish to engage with the world -- with all its history and chance conditionals -- by applying a free-will in making music that is creative and collegiate.\"
### History with AMM {#history_with_amm}
When, in the early 1970s, Cardew and Rowe began to devote their time and energy to espousing the political doctrine of an English Maoist party, a fracture occurred in the ensemble leaving the rump of Lou Gare and Eddie Prévost, who continued in a duo form making various concerts and festival appearances and leaving a legacy of two recordings. At the end of the decade a rapprochement was attempted and for a short while the quartet began playing together again. It did not last. Lou Gare departed and moved from London to Devon. While Cardew\'s commitment to politics made his complete withdrawal inevitable. It was during this period Prévost took an Honours Degree at Hatfield Polytechnic, exploring and developing his interests in history (especially East Asian) and philosophy. Musically, this left Rowe and Prévost playing together. Their recording for German ECM label \"It had been an ordinary enough day in Pueblo, Colorado\" is the single example of their duet period. By the late 1970s a reawakened association with John Tilbury was cemented into his permanent place in AMM. He is featured on all subsequent AMM performances and recordings (as is Prévost). In 2002 a more lasting schism occurred leading to Rowe departing from AMM and leaving Tilbury to continue with Prévost.
### Percussion
The investigative dynamic of AMM leads a musician to seek out new material. It is the fabric and constitution of stuff that is considered as more important than any historical or cultural heritage. It is Prévost\'s constant exploration\'s that has produced the range of sounds associated with his work, particularly within AMM and its extension to the many workshop ensembles. This philosophy leads to what Seymour Wright has so aptly described as the \"awkward wealth\" of investigation. It is a position of constant examination and artistic redress.
### Drumming
Drumming with AMM was principally replaced by discreet percussion work which by and large relied on sound and texture rather than rhythm. At the time of the Gare/Prévost period this position was reviewed. However, it was plain the AMM aesthetic, characteristic of the early formative period, was to have its effect. The \"searching\" method prevailed. And, whereas a saxophone and drums duet led to a more jazz-like expectation (amplified by Gare\'s reversion to a more rolling and modal post-Rollins kind of approach). Prévost\'s playing was noted to have acquired some unusual qualities. This lead one reviewer, *Melody Maker*, to remark in 1972: \"His free drumming flows superbly making use of his formidable technique. It\'s as though there has never been an Elvin Jones or Max Roach.\"
Drumming however, was to take a back seat in Prévost\'s musical output as AMM developed and began to acquire and enhance its innovative reputation. And, apart from rare musical outings he did not commit himself, more fully, to the jazz drum kit again until 2007/08. Although, continuing to play percussion, a jazz-inflected project with Seymour Wright and Ross Lambert in an ensemble called SUM was the precursor of a period more devoted to drumming. Apart from various ad hoc ensembles, this led to various recordings including a series a CDs entitled *Meetings with Remarkable Saxophonists*. At date this consists of four volumes featuring Evan Parker, John Butcher, Jason Yarde and Bertrand Denzler respectively.
| 930 |
Eddie Prévost
| 1 |
10,033,619 |
# Eddie Prévost
## The London workshop {#the_london_workshop}
Over the years Prévost has conducted many improvised music workshops. However, as a result of a seminar he conducted at The Guelph Jazz Festival, Canada in 1999, Prévost began to formulate a framework for a workshop based upon a more thorough working of AMM principles and practice. He wrote:
> \"I had, of course, already had long previous experience of improvisation and experimental music mostly through my participation in AMM and working closely with the composers Cornelius Cardew and Christian Wolff. From this experience I had begun a working hypothesis in my book \'No Sound is Innocent\'. However, there is always more to discover. On my long flight across the Atlantic, I intuited more could be found out. Not through introspective, if rational, thought alone but, through discovery or experimentation: praxis. It can, of course, be very discomforting to watch a proposition die in practise. No theory is worth its salt unless it is fully tested. The best ideas -- this experience suggests -- emerge through activity. Hence, the working premise of the improvisation workshop had to be based upon an emergent set of criteria constantly tested within the cauldron of experience.
>
> In November 1999 I made it known that a free improvisation workshop would start weekly in a room at London's Community Music Centre, near London Bridge. Originally, under the auspices of the London Musicians\' Collective, \[\...\] these premises were found and minimal lines of communication to possible interested parties were opened. The first Friday evening (not thought to be an auspicious evening of the week because people \'went out\' to have a good time) duly arrived. The room was available precisely because no one ever hired it on a Friday! I waited.
Since then the workshop has continued weekly. It has a strong collegiate atmosphere. Those who participate are themselves formulating and refining a programme of enquiry and empathy. The working premise is one of \'searching for sounds\' (Cardew). The emphasis is upon discovery and not on presentation. It is a place to risk failure and develop an open and continuing processive relationship with the materials at hand and other people. As hoped and anticipated, Prévost\'s continual presence is no longer required. In his occasional absences senior colleagues (in particular Seymour Wright and Ross Lambert) more than adequately move the project along. To date there have been over five hundred people who have attended the weekly workshop in London, representing over twenty different nationalities. This activity is further augmented by occasional forums for discussion and London\'s Cafe OTO programmes ensembles drawn from the London workshop every month. There have also been occasional extended periods of collective workshop musical experimentation. And, in 2010 there was a residential workshop held in Mwnci Studios on the Dolwillym Estate, west Wales. (see various other texts: including Philip Clark\'s Wire piece)\] There are now workshops based upon this general premise functioning in Hungary, Greece, Slovenia, Japan, Brazil and Mexico. Mostly started by alumni of the original workshop in London.
| 506 |
Eddie Prévost
| 2 |
10,033,619 |
# Eddie Prévost
## Intermediate and experimental compositions {#intermediate_and_experimental_compositions}
Cardew\'s \'Treatise\' etc. Cardew\'s introduction to AMM in 1966 owes something to his search for musicians to perform his (then unfinished)193 pages long graphic score, \'Treatise\'. The AMM musicians (at the time Lou Gare, Eddie Prévost, Keith Rowe and Lawrence Sheaff) seemed perfect candidates to embrace this bold work of imagination. And, with others (including later AMM member John Tilbury) all participated in the premier performance at the Commonwealth Institute on 8 April 1966 (check year!). But the initial impact of Cardew\'s induction into AMM was to bring a halt to his compositional aspirations. However, over the years since, AMM has had a long relationship with particular indeterminate and experimental works particularly those of Cardew -- especially after his death in 1983. Most prominently \'Treatise\'. Other favourites were \'Solo with Accompaniment\', \'Autumn \'60\', Schooltime Compositions\' and the text piece Cardew wrote particularly for AMM, \'The Tiger\'s Mind.\' These pieces (which for a long time had been neglected within \'new\' musical schedules), and occasionally others by Christian Wolff and John Cage, were sometimes played in conjunction with an AMM improvisation. Some concert promoters were, it seems, more interested in these pieces being played than the principal musical output of AMM. Hence, Prévost\'s ambivalence about the inclusion of such material in concert programmes. The creative search for primary performance material was diverted, in such works, in keeping with the demands of the notation or compositional scheme. This inevitably prevented the musician from (to use Cardew\'s own words) \"being at the heart of the experiment\".
## Matchless Recordings and Publishing {#matchless_recordings_and_publishing}
In 1979 Prévost began the recording imprint of Matchless Recordings and Publishing. Although there had been some interest by commercial labels to take on the new improvising music of the late 1960s onwards, it proved not to be satisfactory or long-lasting. Together with a number of similar initiatives, e.g. Incus Records in Britain and ICP (?) in the Netherlands, Prévost sought to take control of their own work. In the early years this was slow and painstaking work. Some years little was produced and few small sales accrued. Gradually however, Matchless recordings began to be the documenting and disseminating base for a developing body of work. Most of the AMM output is featured on Matchless and this has diversified (more so in recent years) to include other associated artists and ensembles.
In 1995, following the same principal for internal control over the output, production and dissemination of material, the publishing imprint Copula was inaugurated. The first publication was Prevost\'s *No Sound is Innocent*. Later followed by *Minute Particulars* in 2004. 2006 saw the publication of *Cornelius Cardew: A Reader* (edited by Prévost) which was a collection of Cardew\'s published writings accompanied by commentaries by a number of musicians associated and inspired by Cardew. This volume was an essential companion to John Tilbury\'s comprehensive biography *Cornelius Cardew: a life unfinished* which was also published by Copula in 2008. The most recent book to appear on this imprint is Prévost\'s *The First Concert: An Adaptive Appraisal of a Meta Music* (2011).
| 516 |
Eddie Prévost
| 3 |
10,033,619 |
# Eddie Prévost
## Discography
### As leader {#as_leader}
- *Now Here This Then* (Spotlite, 1977)
- *Live Vol. 1* (Matchless, 1978)
- *Live Vol. 2* (Matchless, 1978)
- *Continuum* (Matchless, 1985)
- *Flayed/Crux* (Silent, 1987)
- *Premonitions* with Free Jazz Quartet (Matchless, 1989)
- *Loci of Change* (Matchless, 1996)
- *Touch* (Matchless, 1997)
- *Concert* with Veryan Weston (Matchless, 1999)
- *Material Consequences* (Matchless, 2001)
- *The Virtue in If* (Matchless, 2001)
- *Silver Pyramid* with Music Now Ensemble (Matchless, 2001)
- *A Bright Nowhere* with Conditions (Matchless, 2003)
- *The Blackbird\'s Whistle* (Matchless, 2004)
- *So Are We, So Are We* with Alan Wilkinson (Matchless, 2006)
- *Entelechy* (Matchless, 2006)
- *Memories for the Future* with Free Jazz Quartet (Matchless, 2009)
- *Penumbrae* with Jennifer Allum (Matchless, 2011)
- *Visionary Fantasies* with John Butcher (Matchless, 2018)
- *Matching Mix* (Earshots!, 2019)
**With AMM**
- *Ammmusic* (Elektra, 1967)
- *Live Electronic Music Improvised* (Mainstream, 1970)
- *At the Roundhouse* (Incus, 1972)
- *To Hear and Back Again* (Matchless, 1978)
- *It Had Been An Ordinary Enough Day in Pueblo Colorado* (Japo, 1980)
- *The Crypt* (Matchless, 1981)
- *Generative Themes* (Matchless, 1983)
- *The Inexhaustible Document* (Matchless, 1987)
- *The Nameless Uncarved Block* (Matchless, 1991)
- *Newfoundland* (Matchless, 1993)
- *Laminal* (Matchless, 1996)
- *From a Strange Place* (P.S.F., 1996)
- *Live in Allentown USA* (Matchless, 1996)
- *Before Driving to the Chapel We Took Coffee with Rick and Jennifer Reed* (Matchless, 1997)
- *Combine and Laminates* (Pogus, 1990)
- *Norwich* (Matchless, 2005)
- *Apogee* (Matchless, 2005)
- *Tunes without Measure or End* (Matchless, 2001)
- *Fine* (Matchless, 2001)
- *Formanex AMM Formanex* (Fibrr, 2003)
- *Trinity* (Matchless, 2008)
- *Uncovered Correspondence* (Matchless, 2010)
- *Sounding Music* (Matchless, 2010)
- *Two London Concerts* (Matchless, 2012)
- *Place Sub. V.* (Matchless, 2014)
- *Spanish Fighters* (Matchless, 2015)
- *AAMM* (Al Maslakh, 2018)
- *An Unintended Legacy* (Matchless, 2018)
**With EAR**
- *Beyond the Pale* (Big Cat, 1996)
- *Phenomena 256* (Space Age, 1996)
- *Millennium Music* (Atavistic, 1997)
- *The Koner Experiment* (Space Age, 1997)
**With Sakada**
- *Sakada* (W.M.O./r, 2001)
- *Undistilled* (Matchless, 2002)
- *30 November 2002* (Sound 2003)
- *Bilbao Resiste, Resiste Bilbao* (Fargone 2004)
- *Askatuta* (Rhizome 2005)
- *En Duo, En Crudo* (Desetxea, 2005)
- *Live at Titanic* (Desetxea, 2005)
### As sideman {#as_sideman}
**With Evan Parker**
- *Most Materiall* (Matchless, 1997)
- *Supersession* (Matchless, 1988)
- *888* (FMR, 2003)
- *Imponderable Evidence* (Matchless, 2004)
- *Meetings with Remarkable Saxophonists Vol. 1* (Matchless, 2012)
- *Title Goes Here* (Otoroku, 2015)
- *Tools of Imagination* (Fundacja Sluchaj!, 2018)
**With John Tilbury**
- *Discrete Moments* (Matchless, 2004)
- *John Tilbury Plays Samuel Beckett* (Matchless, 2005)
- *PST* (Auditorium Edizioni, 2012)
- *Landmark* (+3 dB, 2018)
**With others**
- Derek Bailey, *0Re* (Arrival, 2001)
- John Wolf Brennan, *En.Tropo.Logy* (For 4 Ears, 1999)
- John Butcher, *Interworks* (Matchless, 2005)
- John Butcher, *Meetings with Remarkable Saxophonists Vol. 2* (Matchless, 2012)
- Cornelius Cardew, *Cornelius Cardew Memorial Concert* (Impetus, 1985)
- Cornelius Cardew, *Piano Music 1959--70* (Matchless, 1996)
- Chris Corsano, *15.2.16* (Otoroku, 2016)
- Marilyn Crispell, *Band on the Wall* (Matchless, 1994)
- Sachiko M, *17.2
| 528 |
Eddie Prévost
| 4 |
10,033,624 |
# ART Holdings
**ART Holdings** (**A**malgamated **R**egional **T**rading) is a company in Zimbabwe. It is principally a paper manufacturer, including stationery and tissue converting. The **ART Group of Companies** is active in Zimbabwe, Malawi and throughout Southern Africa.
\"ART\" stands for \"Amalgamated Regional Trading\". **ART Group** is based in Harare and it conducts papermaking operations in Mutare and Kadoma. Its stock is listed on the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange and is a component of its principal stock index, the Zimbabwe Industrial Index.
## Operations
### Subsidiaries and brands {#subsidiaries_and_brands}
- **ART** brands include
- Softex Tissue;
- Eversharp ball pens and school supplies; and
- Fleximail paper, board and kraft paper.
- Subsidiaries include:
- National Waste Collections and Softex, both 50% collaborations between **ART** and Hunyani Holdings.
- ART Investments Mauritius, of Mauritius.
- Chloride Zimbabwe, an **ART** subsidiary which manufactures lead-acid batteries for the Southern African automotive and tractive industries
| 151 |
ART Holdings
| 0 |
10,033,637 |
# Buchenbach
**Buchenbach** is a municipality in the south west of the Black Forest in Germany. It is located in the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in Baden-Württemberg. It is made up of four communities, the main town of Buchenbach and the villages of Falkensteig, Unteribental and Wagensteig. The current municipality was formed by the merger of the former entities of Buchenbach and Falkensteig on 1 December 1971, with Wagensteig being joined to them on 1 August 1973 and Unteribental on 1 January 1975.
## Geography
The municipality is located within the South Black Forest Natural Park, about 12 km as the crow flies east of Freiburg im Breisgau. It stretches from the lower end of the Höllental, below Rotbach to the valley of the Wagensteigbach, and Unteribental borders the St. Märgen plateau. A little to the west of Buchenbach, these two mountain streams merge to form the Dreisam, so Buchenbach is the starting point of the Dreisam valley.
### Neighbouring municipalities {#neighbouring_municipalities}
Clockwise from the north, Buchenbach borders on the municipalities of Sankt Peter, St. Märgen, Breitnau, Oberried, Kirchzarten and Stegen.
## History
### Buchenbach and Wiesneck {#buchenbach_and_wiesneck}
Lying in the lower Wagensteig valley, Buchenbach is made up of numerous small settlements and isolated farmsteads. Constituent settlements include Ober- and Unterbuchenbach, and the village of Wiesneck, which was independent of the town until 1837. Wiesneck is in fact the oldest part of the municipality, with a castle that is first documented in 1079. This was owned by the counts of Haigerloch-Wiesneck. In 1118, Bruno von Haigerloch-Wiesneck founded the monastery of St. Märgen. The Haigerloch-Wiesneck line died out in 1170, and the castle fell into the possession of a branch of the Zollerns, who styled themselves as Counts of Hoheberg. In 1293 they sold the castle. In 1577 it fell into the possession of the Barons of Sickingen-Hohenburg. The castle was sacked in 1121 by the Zähringers and in 1646, during the Thirty Years War, by the French. Wiesneck grew up as a small settlement around the castle. Since the location fell within the state of Baden, Baron Wilhelm von Sickingen eventually sold his overlordship of the village to the state of Baden, which joined it to the larger town of Buchenbach.
Buchenbach itself is first heard of in 1350. It was an Austrian possession, and from 1653 by the Barons of Sickingen owning most of the land. The settlements of Ober- und Unterbuchenbach were under different overlords, causing continual difficulties and disputes, so that there were numerous reorganizations of the municipality down to the 19th century.
### Falkensteig
The village derives its name from the Falkenstein Castle built in the 12th century by the lords of Falkenstein and destroyed in 1388 by the townspeople of Freiburg. In the 17th century, the area fell into the possession of the lords of Pfirt, and subsequently to the state of Baden. An attempt to join it to Buchenbach in the 19th century failed.
### Unteribental
Unteribental was founded in 1120 and was under the Zähringers. Subsequently, it was merged into Stegen. In 1827, however, it became independent again. From the time it came under the authority of the state of Baden in 1806, it was treated as part of the Freiburg district.
### Wagensteig
Wagensteig is first heard of in 1125, at which time it belonged to the St. Märgen monastery. After the secularisation mandated by the German Mediatisation it came under the authority of the state of Baden, from 1819 forming part of the Freiburg district. One of the oldest routes from the Neckar and Danube regions across the Black Forest to the Rhine Valley passes through the Wagensteig valley. The name of the valley itself comes from *Wagenstadt* (\"cart town\"), the form \"Wagensteig\" first appearing in the 12th century, in a judgement by Bishop Ulrich of Konstanz in a conflict between the church in Zarten and the monastery at St. Märgen over the rights to tithes in the district. The bishop concluded that the tithes from everywhere up to the town \"Waginstat\" should go to St. Märgen.
## Politics
### Municipal council {#municipal_council}
Following the municipal elections of 13 June 2004, the local council is made up as follows:
----- ------- ------- --------- ----
CDU 45,0% +3,0 7 Sitze ±0
UWG 38,1% −19,9 5 Sitze −4
SPD 16,9% +16,9 2 Sitze +2
----- ------- ------- --------- ----
Along with the neighbouring municipalities of Kirchzarten, Oberried and Stegen, Buchenbach belongs to the *Gemeindeverwaltungsverband Dreisamtal* (Dreisam Valley Authority), whose offices are in Kirchzarten.
### Arms
Above three hills vert (green), vertically divided; dexter (right) argent (white), with a beech tree vert (green) above the dexter hill, sinister (left) gules with a wavy fess argent (white) bordered sable (black). Flag: green and white.
| 788 |
Buchenbach
| 0 |
10,033,637 |
# Buchenbach
## Economy and infrastructure {#economy_and_infrastructure}
### Transport
On the western border of the municipality is the Himmelreich station on the Höllentalbahn, with a half-hourly service throughout the day to Freiburg im Breisgau and on into the Black Forest, alternately to Neustadt and Seebrugg on the Schluchsee.
In the west of Buchenbach, the Bundesstraße B31 (Breisach--Lindau trunk road), the most important link between Freiburg im Breisgau, the Black Forest and Lake Constance, runs through the village of Falkenstein. The Landesstrasse L128 provincial highway runs around the edge of the municipality, through the Wagensteig valley and on to St. Märgen and Thurner. A more direct route to Thurner branches off between Buchenbach and Wagensteig, as the local road K4907 through the Spirzen valley.
### Industry
The main employers are:
- Holzwerke Dold GmbH, a sawmill and producer of furniture and building materials, employing about 250 people;
- Siko GmbH, makers of measuring instruments, with about 140 employees
Buchenbach also offers facilities to Black Forest tourists. The Freiburg-Lake Constance Black Forest Trail, a long-distance footpath, passes through the main town.
## People
### Honorary citizens {#honorary_citizens}
- Oskar Saier, former Roman Catholic Archbishop of Freiburg, was born in Wagensteig
### Other people associated with the municipality {#other_people_associated_with_the_municipality}
- Alfred Döblin was treated in the Husemann clinic
| 215 |
Buchenbach
| 1 |
10,033,643 |
# Ehrenkirchen
**Ehrenkirchen** is a municipality in the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
## History
The villages of Ehrenstetten, Kirchhofen, Norsingen, Offnadingen, and Scherzingen were properties of Saint Blaise Abbey, Black Forest until 1806, when they were mediatized to the Grand Duchy of Baden. They were assigned to the district of Staufen im Breisgau until 1936, when they were reassigned to the district of Freiburg im Breisgau. As part of the 1973 Baden-Württemberg district reform, they were assigned to the new district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald. Over 1973 and 1974, the five villages merged into a single municipality, Ehrenkirchen, whose name was a combination of the largest towns, Ehrenstetten and Kirchhofen .
## Geography
The municipality (*Gemeinde*) of Ehrenkirchen is located in the Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald district of Baden-Württemberg, a state of the Federal Republic of Germany. It is 13 km south of Freiburg im Breisgau, the capital of the region to which it is assigned. The municipal area is physically located in the Markgräflerland, along the Möhlin, a tributary of the Rhine. Elevation above sea level in the municipal area ranges from a high of 913 m Normalnull (NN) at the top of the Stutzkopf to a low of 213 m NN on the Möhlin.
The Federally-protected Ölberg Ehrenstetten nature reserve is located in Ehrenkirchen\'s municipal area.
## Politics
Ehrenkirchen has five boroughs (*Ortsteile*): Ehrenstetten, Kirchhofen, Norsingen, Offnadingen, and Scherzingen.
### Coat of arms {#coat_of_arms}
The municipal coat of arms for Ehrenkirchen displays two images inspired by aspects of the municipality and its history, impaled upon the same blazon. The left image is of wine grapes, in yellow, above a yellow three-pointed hill upon a field of red. These images refer to the regional history of viticulture, particularly on the slopes of the Batzenberg , Kirchberg and Ölberg. The right image displays a blue stag, standing and facing to the left, upon a field of yellow. The stag is taken from the coat of arms of Saint Blaise Abbey, whose tincture was also used for Ehrenkirchen\'s, but spread around to abide by the rule of tincture. The coat of arms was approved for official use by Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald district office on 21 March 1977.
## Economy
The economy of Ehrenkirchen is based on tourism, viticulture, and an industrial sector that has been growing since the 1990s.
### Transportation
Ehrenkirchen is connected to Germany\'s network of roadways by Bundesstraße 3 and to its railways by the Mannheim--Karlsruhe--Basel railway, which has a stop in Norsingen
| 410 |
Ehrenkirchen
| 0 |
10,033,659 |
# Eisenbach
**Eisenbach** is a town in the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
It lies at an altitude between 800 and 1130m above sea level in the Breg valley.
## Etymology
The name of the town is said to come from the brown iron ore and pyrolusite which was mined in the region periodically from 1478 until 1942 (The German word for iron is Eisen, resulting in the town name \"Eisenbach\").
## Local industries {#local_industries}
Eisenbach was once known for its strong watchmaking industry, as traditional German cuckoo clocks were invented in the black forest region of South-West Germany. They were, and still are, commonly produced in the region to be exported elsewhere and are a cultural symbol of the region as well as Germany.
As of 2019, there is a cluster of 9 large industrial companies and numerous smaller companies which produce gears, precision tuned parts, and other mechanical parts. In 2012, there were over 1500 employees in this cluster, 1100 of whom were commuters. The high level of employment in the manufacturing sector is considered unusual in the Black Forest region of Germany, which is more reliant on tourism as a whole.
Eisenbach is designated as an \'Air Spa\' or \'Luftkurot\', which is a designation German municipalities judged to have clean enough air can receive, and can use the status to charge guests with an additional health resort tax. Tourism in the municipality forms a significant part of its economy
| 244 |
Eisenbach
| 0 |
10,033,663 |
# Sâncrăieni
**Sâncrăieni** (*Csíkszentkirály* or colloquially *Szentkirály*, Hungarian pronunciation: `{{convertIPA-hu|’|cs|í|k|sz|e|n|k|i|r|á|ly}}`{=mediawiki}, *Heilkönig*, both meaning \"holy king\" and referring to King St Stephen of Hungary) is a commune in Harghita County, Romania. Composed of a single village, Sâncrăieni, it lies in the Székely Land, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania. The former Romanian name was *Ciuc-Sâncraiu*.
## Geography
The village is situated on the two banks of the Olt River at the northernmost end of the Lower Ciuc Basin 7 km from Miercurea Ciuc. It lies just in front of the Jigod pass which divides the Ciuc basin into its upper and lower part. The village is bounded by the foothills of the Ciuc Mountains in the east and by the Harghita range in the west.
## Demographics
The commune has an absolute Székely Hungarian majority. According to the 2002 census it had a population of 6,194 of which 98.13% or 6,078 were Hungarian. In Sâncrăieni proper, the 2002 census reported a population of 2478, with 97.41% of the respondents (2414 persons) being Hungarians.
As to religion, 97.48% of the respondents was reported to be Roman Catholic, 1.1% Reformed Protestant and 0.98% Eastern Orthodox.
The commune is composed of a single village, Sâncrăieni.
- Since 2004 Leliceni forms an independent commune with the villages of Fitod (Fitód), Hosasău (Hosszúaszó) and Misentea (Csíkmindszent).
- Since 2004 Sântimbru has formed an independent commune with the village and resort of Sântimbru-Băi (Szentimrefürdő).
## History
The area of the village has been inhabited since ancient times. Excavations revealed finds from the Stone Age, Bronze Age and Iron Age. In 1954, in a nearby andesite mine a Dacian silver treasure and a drinking set was found. In the Sütőkert diggings revealed traces of a settlement from the era of the Árpád dynasty.
In the papal tithe register of 1332-1337, the village was mentioned by the name of *Sanctus Rex* as a settlement having a parish. However, the village is thought to be much older as naming villages as \'Holy King\' was practiced in the Kingdom of Hungary only between 1083, the year of the canonizations of Stephen I of Hungary, and 1192 when another king, king St Ladislaus was also canonised. Given that Hungary had already two holy kings, this naming practice was abandoned as it could lead to ambiguity.
In 1566, the village was mentioned in Hungarian as *Zent Kyraly*, in 1614 as *Szentkirály*. In 1760--2, its name was recorded as *Csik Szent Királly*. Its Romanian name derives from the Hungarian and was originally *Ciuc-Sâncraiu*.
The settlement was historically part of the Székely Land area of Transylvania and administratively belonged to Csíkszék district until the administrative reform of Transylvania in 1876, when it fell within Csík County in the Kingdom of Hungary. Between 1762 and 1851, the village provided recruits for the 3rd Company of the First Székely Infantry Regiment. After the Treaty of Trianon of 1920, it became part of Romania and fell within Ciuc County during the interwar period. In 1940, the second Vienna Award granted the Northern Transylvania to Hungary and it was held by Hungary until 1944. After Soviet occupation, the Romanian administration returned and the town became officially part of Romania in 1947. Between 1952 and 1960, the commune fell within the Magyar Autonomous Region, between 1960 and 1968 the Mureș-Magyar Autonomous Region. In 1968, the province was abolished, and since then, the commune has been part of Harghita County.
The famous Hungarian noble family, the Counts Andrássy de Csíkszentkirály et Krasznahorka originated in the village.
## Landmarks
- The Roman Catholic parish church was built in the second half of the 15th century onto foundations from the Romanesque period . Between 1759 and 1773, it was extended and the tower was heightened. In 1790, a hall and, finally, in 1900 as side chapel was added.
- In the cemetery located south of the village stands a cemetery chapel built in 1528, altered in 1822 and in 1866.
- On the *Háromtetej* hill which rises above a narrow valley of the Olt River, the ruines of the ancient castle of the Andrássy family can be seen,
- The village is unusually rich in mineral water springs. There are mineral water springs in the garden of not less than 21 homes. The mineral water is bottled in three plants. The best known is *Perla Harghitei*, or \"The Pearl of Harghita\".
- \'Borsáros\' natural reserve. The gushing mineral water created a marshy area next to bridge of the Olt River.
- The local Ethnographic Museum
| 752 |
Sâncrăieni
| 0 |
10,033,663 |
# Sâncrăieni
## Notable people {#notable_people}
Natives of the village are: `{{alumni|people|date=April 2022}}`{=mediawiki}
- Vilmos Albert (1886--1971): teacher, writer
- András Kristó (1930--1994): geologist
- Ferenc Lestyán (1913--2008) ecclesiastical writer
- Mózes Lestyán (1720--1774): ecclesiastical writer
- József Mártonfi (1746--1815): Roman Catholic bishop of Transylvania, ecclesiastical writer
| 47 |
Sâncrăieni
| 1 |
10,033,667 |
# Friedenweiler
**Friedenweiler** is a town in the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It is 10 km north of Titisee-Neustadt
| 23 |
Friedenweiler
| 0 |
10,033,670 |
# Glottertal
**Glottertal** is a municipality in the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.
## History
From 1567 till the Napoleonic Wars the area was part of Further Austria and therefore part of the Habsburg monarchy. Although the history of mining in the Glottertal goes back to Roman times and villages in the area are mentioned 1112 in the chronics of Abbey of Saint Peter in the Black Forest the municipal Glottertal was formed in 1970. The four former independent villages Unterglottertal, Oberglottertal, Ohrensbach und Föhrental were associated to the Glottertal municipal.
## Points of interest {#points_of_interest}
### Buildings
The 1914 built Carlsbau in Glottertal was the set for the 1980s medical drama television series *The Black Forest Clinic*. The outside of the building and the surrounding area was filmed while the interior was filmed in a set in Hamburg. The building was used as a clinic till it was closed down in 2004.
## Mining
The first archaeologic artefacts demonstrating iron smelting date back to the Roman time. The mining of silver started in the 11th century. The construction of a 15 kilometer long water channel to supply the mines with water do drive the pumps which was built in 1284 marks the importance of mining in the area. Flooding of the mines during a war period ended this activities at the end of the 12th century. The mining of silver continued on a smaller scale and in the 18th century the mining of iron and baryte was started. The last mines in the area closed before 1900.
## Geography
The town is located in a small valley south east of the Kandel mountain. The valley opens to the west and the water of the small river Glotter reaches the Elz and little later the Rhine.
## Gallery
<File:Glottertal>, het gemeentehuis foto1 2013-07-25 11.08.jpg\|Glottertal, townhall <File:Glottertal>, die Sankt Blasius Kirche foto12 2013-07-25 11.03.jpg\|Glottertal, church: die Sankt Blasius Kirche <File:Tussen> Glottertal en Sankt Peter, wegpanorama foto1 2013-07-25 11.38
| 330 |
Glottertal
| 0 |
10,033,676 |
# Heuweiler
**Heuweiler** is a village in the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in the southwest of Baden-Württemberg near Freiburg in southern Germany.
The village has to a large extent retained its rural character. Whereas many communities in the vicinity of Freiburg have grown rapidly in recent decades a slow, organic change occurred in Heuweiler.
## Geography
Heuweiler is located at the mouth of the Glotter valley in the Rhine Valley. The municipality consists of the village Vorderheuweiler, the hamlet Hinterheuweiler, the tine Neuhäuser and the farms and Berghäusle and Litzelstahlerhof.
In the west Gundelfingen borders on Heuweiler, in the east the village Glottertal, both in the district Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald, the neighboring municipality in the north, Denzlingen, is located in the district Emmendingen.
## History
Since its beginnings, the history of the village was connected that of the city of Freiburg. For instance, the farmers of Heuweiler had to perform socage and transport the sandstone of Tennenbach which was used for building the Minster. When Freiburg was ruled by the Habsburgs it became part of Further Austria. Heuweiler became part of the bailiwick Kastelburg-Schwarzenberg. Still today old border stones remind of the district boundaries of that time.
### Religion
The parish church was mentioned for the first time in documents in 1275. It is dedicated to Saint Remigius. Heuweiler remained until very recently a predominantly catholic village. Only since the population influx in recent decades also inhabitants of other confessions and faiths reside in the village.
### Population Development {#population_development}
Year Inhabitants Year Inhabitants
------ ------------- ------ ------ -------------
1852 327 1970 698
1875 409 1980 806
1900 363 1987 817
1933 363 1990 932
1950 525 2000 1010
1960 612 2005 1006
## Politics
Heuweiler is one of the smallest autonomous villages of the district Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald. Its independence has been preserved by the municipal association with the neighboring municipality Gundelfingen. Dr. Reinhard Bentler is in personal union the mayor of both communities.
### Municipal council {#municipal_council}
The local elections on 7 June 2009 with a voter turnout of 68.9% had the following result:
------------------- --------- --------- ------
FWG (Free Voters) 45,33 % 5 seats \+ 1
New List 30,34 % 3 seats -- 1
Women\'s List 24,33 % 2 seats ± 0
------------------- --------- --------- ------
### Coat of arms {#coat_of_arms}
The coat of arms shows a pitchfork crossed by a rake. Nevertheless, the placename has nothing to do with \"Heu\" (hay), but is the written high German form of the old name \"Hainwiller\" (grove hamlet), meaning \"village in the grove\" or in the \"Hau\" (cut forest).
## Economy and infrastructure {#economy_and_infrastructure}
### Economy
Heuweiler was originally primarily dominated by agriculture. Today there are only a few full-time farming businesses and a small number of independent handicraft businesses left. On the other hand, tourism and gastronomy are flourishing. However, a large number of its inhabitants commutes to Freiburg or one of the surrounding villages for work.
### School
An elementary school exists in the village. However, it is very small. Therefore, the pupils from Heuweiler attend the elementary school in Gundelfingen. In return, every year two or three third grades of the *Johann Peter Hebel elementary school* in Gundelfingen are outsourced to Heuweiler. Secondary schools can be found in Denzlingen, Gundelfingen and Freiburg.
## Culture and attractions {#culture_and_attractions}
Worth seeing is the baroque church St.Remigius which is visible from a distance. In it there are two precious altar paintings.
| 567 |
Heuweiler
| 0 |
10,033,676 |
# Heuweiler
## People
- Joseph Dettlinger (1865--1937), sculptor, was born in Heuweiler
| 13 |
Heuweiler
| 1 |
10,033,682 |
# Horben
**Horben** is a village in the Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald district in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
## Geography
Horben is located to the south of the city of Freiburg and east of the Hexental valley on the western slope of the Schauinsland mountain range. It lies between the mountains of \"Illenberg\" (642 m) and \"Eduardshöhe\" (859 m). The area is the source of the Bohrer and Selzenbach creeks. Horben lies at an altitude above 400 m and is within the Southern Black Forest Nature park. Because of its proximity to the city of Freiburg new housing areas have been developed in the districts Langackern and Bohrer.
### Climate
The average annual temperature at the foothills of the Black Forest is just over 9 C, the rainfalls reach annual average values between 900 and, in the higher areas up to 1200 mm.
## Administration
The municipality of Horben includes the village itself and the hamlets of Bohrer, Katzental, Langackern, Münzenried, and Gerstenhalm.
The neighbouring municipalities are the city of Freiburg (in particular its suburb Günterstal) and the municipalities of Au, Wittnau, Sölden and St. Ulrich in the Black Forest. Horben is part of the Municipal association of Hexental of Hexental (de).
### Municipal council {#municipal_council}
The local elections on 7 June 2009 with a voter turnout of 72.7% had the following result:
Party / Association Votes Percentage Seats
---------------------------------------- ------- ------------ -------
Christian Democratic Union 2,282 41.52% 4
Free Voters 1,373 24.98% 3
Wählergruppe\|Unabhängiges Bürgerforum 851 15.48% 1
Wählergruppe\|Gemeinsam für Horben 990 18.01% 2
## History
Horben originally belonged to the tithe district of Wittnau parish, which was ruled the Abbey of Saint Gall in Switzerland. Feudal landlords associated with the abbey, the \"Lords of Horwen\", are mentioned in 12th century documents and were reported as having a castle on \"Horben Mountain\". The feudal rights over the village were held by various landlords before being acquired by the city of Freiburg in 1582. However the village was not incorporated into the city then, or since. In 1525 Horben consisted of 24 farms in scattered locations, three houses of widows and an orphanage.
Chief activities during the Middle Ages were mining and forestry. During the Thirty Years\' War Horben was pillaged by marauding soldiers. It was reported that not one head of cattle was left in Horben in 1645. The village was later re-settled by farmers from the Bohrer Valley.
In January 1814, during the wars against Napoleon, Russian troops passed through Horben on their way from Freiburg to the Wiese valley.
During the 1848 Baden Revolution Horben was the base of operations of revolutionaries Franz Sigel and Gustav Struve.
The village expanded in the early 20th century, and 1930 saw the construction of the valley station of the Schauinslandbahn gondola lift system.
Horben was untouched by bombing during World War II, though nearby Freiburg was devastated, and at the end of the war the area was occupied by French troops.
After the war many refugees found a new home in the village. Since then development pressure from Freiburg increased and in Horben village, Bohrer and Langackern large areas have had new houses built.
## Landmarks
Local landmarks include the *Althäusle* dower house, pre-dating 1600, the *Zum Raben* guesthouse, dating from 1604, and the parish church of St Agatha, from 1792.
## Economy
The main economic activities are forestry, part-time agriculture (de) and tourism; in 2009 Horben recorded 25,000 overnight stays.
| 566 |
Horben
| 0 |
10,033,682 |
# Horben
## Infrastructure and traffic {#infrastructure_and_traffic}
Horben holds the base station for the Schauinslandbahn gondola lift system
| 18 |
Horben
| 1 |
10,033,684 |
# Ihringen
**Ihringen** is a town in the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in Baden-Württemberg in Germany, just east of Breisach am Rhein and west of Freiburg im Breisgau at the southern end of the Kaiserstuhl. It is known for its wine .
## Climate
By most sources, it is the warmest place in Germany.
Under the Köppen system, Ihringen has an oceanic climate (*Cfb*), closely bordering an incredibly rare 48°N humid subtropical climate (*Cfa*), with mildly cold winters and long, hot summers. The city is close to the Kaiserstuhl, a range of hills of volcanic origin located a few miles away which is considered to be one of the warmest places of Germany and therefore one of the most important viticultural area
| 121 |
Ihringen
| 0 |
10,033,698 |
# Lenzkirch
**Lenzkirch** is a municipality in the Black Forest. It lies in the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
## Geography
Lenzkirch is on the Black Forest plateau, in the valley of the river Haslach, which near the south east border of the municipality merges with the Gutach to become the Wutach. The Urseetal, a glacial valley, falls from the southwest corner of the municipality. The highest point of the municipality is the 1192m Hochfirst peak, marked by the Hochfirst Tower, on the boundary with the neighbouring municipality of Titisee-Neustadt.
## Demographics
**Population development:**
+------------------------+
| Year Inhabitants |
| ------ ------------- |
| 1990 4,840 |
| 2001 5,237 |
| 2011 4,863 |
| 2021 5,023 |
+------------------------+
### Neighbouring municipalities {#neighbouring_municipalities}
Clockwise from the north, Lenzkirch borders on Titisee-Neustadt, Friedenweiler, Löffingen, Bonndorf, Schluchsee and Feldberg. All are in the Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald district, except Bonndorf which is in Waldshut.
### Constituent communities {#constituent_communities}
The municipality is made up of the town of Lenzkirch (3,341 inhabitants, including about 50 in the adjacent village of Grünwald) and the villages of Saig (812 inhabitants), Kappel, (785), and Raitenbuch (152).
**Saig** is a health resort on the southern flank of the Hochfirst, and at about 1,000m elevation is the highest community in the municipality. It has about 1,200 beds available for tourists. **Kappel**, at around 900m, is also a health resort, with about 600 beds. The *Wutachschlucht* begins in the outskirts of Kappel, and the Freiburg-Lake Constance Black Forest Trail runs through the village. On this path above the village to the north is a monument, the *Franzoezische Kreuz* commemorating the turning back of French troops by the Austrians during the Napoleonic Wars. **Raitenbuch** is a farming settlement to the west of the town of Lenzkirch at about 940m elevation. **Grünwald**, the smallest of the communities in the municipality, and is at about 1000m altitude. It is the site of a former Monastery, founded in 1350, and the tiny village church has a late-Gothic sandstone relief of the life of Christ.
### Climate
Because of its high altitude, Lenzkirch has a somewhat cooler climate than most places in Baden-Württemberg. The climate is claimed to be healthy, on the grounds of clean air, high oxygen content, and plentiful wind and sun. In consequence, Lenzkirch has the official status of a \"climatic health resort\", meaning that visitors can be recommended by their doctors (and supported by their health insurance) to \"take the cure\" there.
## Politics
### Mayor
since 2002: Reinhard Feser
### Municipal Council {#municipal_council}
The local elections on 13 June 2004 resulted in a council with the following constitution:
--------- ------- ------ --------- ----
CDU 44,2% +2,3 9 Seats +1
FDP/FWV 28,3% -6,1 5 Seats -2
SPD 27,4% +7,0 5 Seats +1
Others 0,0% -3,3 0 Seats ±0
--------- ------- ------ --------- ----
### Twin towns {#twin_towns}
- Jugon-les-Lacs in Brittany (France), since 1975
## Economy and Infrastructure {#economy_and_infrastructure}
Since its climate gives Lenzkirch the status of a health resort, tourism plays a significant role in the local economy; as well as the long-distance route passing through Keppel, there are numerous waymarked walking and cycling trails within the municipality. Precision engineering, developed from the traditional Black Forest industry of clockmaking, is also of importance.
### Transport
Lenzkirch lies on the B315 Bundesstrasse from Schaffhausen in Switzerland to Titisee; this is mainly used by summer tourist traffic. Two bus routes pass through the town: the 7257 from Neustadt via Titisee, Saig and Lenzkirch to Seebrugg on the Schluchsee, and the 7258 from Neustadt via Kappel and Lenzkirch to Bonndorf.
A railway branch line from Titisee and the Kappel-Gutachbrücke station on the Höllentalbahn to Bonndorf was built in 1907. This passed through Lenzkirch, where it made a Zig Zag to gain height in a short distance. The line was closed in 1976, and the tracks taken up. A cycle path now follows its route, providing a way of riding to Bonndorf without severe gradients.
## The carved street signs {#the_carved_street_signs}
Carved street signs can be found all around the city center.
<File:Lenzkirch> - The street signs I.jpg\| <File:Lenzkirch> - The street signs II.jpg\| <File:Lenzkirch> - The street signs III.jpg\| <File:Lenzkirch> - The street signs IV.jpg\| <File:Lenzkirch> - The street signs V
| 708 |
Lenzkirch
| 0 |
10,033,705 |
# Merdingen
**Merdingen** is a municipality in the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. Merdingen\'s main industry are vineyards. Tour de France winner Jan Ullrich, a notable resident for much of his early cycling career, has returned to the area in retirement---in part because it\'s one of the sunniest places in Germany
| 53 |
Merdingen
| 0 |
10,033,719 |
# Oberried, Baden-Württemberg
**Oberried** is a town in the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.
Oberried is home to the Barbarastollen caves, the central safekeeping archive of Germany. The Barbarastollen holds microfilms with millions of images from German archives and museums
| 43 |
Oberried, Baden-Württemberg
| 0 |
10,033,721 |
# Fisketorget
***Fisketorget*** (`{{Gloss|Fishery Square}}`{=mediawiki}) or ***Fiskaretorget*** (`{{Gloss|Fishermen's Square}}`{=mediawiki}) is a historical public square in Gamla stan, the old town in central Stockholm, Sweden. It was once located on the east shore of the island Stadsholmen, between the present streets Österlånggatan and Skeppsbron, and between the present alleys Nygränd (`{{Gloss|New Alley}}`{=mediawiki}) and Brunnsgränd (`{{Gloss|Well's Alley}}`{=mediawiki}).
As Stockholm grew rapidly during the 14th century, the city within the city walls became cramped for space, and the surrounding shores started to be built upon and subsequently by land fillings between the bridges extended into the water. Thus, elongated blocks appeared between narrow alleys along the eastern shore of the city, with the exception of the area outside the only eastern city gate --- the so-called *Köpmanporten* (`{{Gloss|Merchant's Gate}}`{=mediawiki}) which extended Köpmangatan (`{{Gloss|Merchant's Street}}`{=mediawiki}) from the city\'s central square, Stortorget (`{{Gloss|Large Square}}`{=mediawiki}), beyond the city wall over Köpmanbrinken. Originally, the marketplace was called *Fiskestrand* (`{{Gloss|Fishery Shore}}`{=mediawiki}) and also encompassed a section of the shoreline stretching north up to the present alley Skeppar Karls Gränd.
From 1413, the square was probably flanked by two defensive towers, some major building featuring stepped gables, and several one-storey buildings. In 1461, a blacksmith named Henrik is mentioned as having forged on a water well on the square, at the time the biggest in Stockholm. The well eventually gave the southern alley its name and was still found in the alley until the 19th century. However, the square started to be built upon during the early 1520s, which eventually led to the present block on the location, Diana, which still contains the well
| 265 |
Fisketorget
| 0 |
10,033,732 |
# Schallstadt
**Schallstadt** (`{{IPA|de|ˈʃalʃtat}}`{=mediawiki}; Low Alemannic: *Schallsched*) is a town in the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. It is known for its wine production and celebrates an annual wine festival in late summer.
## Personalities
### Sons and Daughters of the Community {#sons_and_daughters_of_the_community}
- Karl Frey (1886--1987), teacher and businessman, Senator of the South African Union
- Martin Waldseemüller (c
| 62 |
Schallstadt
| 0 |
10,033,748 |
# Paul Galdone
**Paul Galdone** (June 2, 1907 -- November 7, 1986) was an illustrator and writer known best for children\'s picture books.
## Early life {#early_life}
He was born in Budapest and he emigrated to the United States in 1921. He studied art at the Art Student\'s League and New York School for Industrial Design. He served in the US Army during World War II.
## Career and honors {#career_and_honors}
Galdone illustrated nearly all of Eve Titus\' books, including *Basil of Baker Street* series which was translated to the screen in the animated Disney film, *The Great Mouse Detective*. Galdone and Titus were nominated for Caldecott Medals for *Anatole* (1957) and *Anatole and the Cat* (1958). The titles were later named Caldecott Honor books in 1971.
His books *Anatole* (1956); *Tom, Tom the Piper\'s Son* (1964); and *The Little Red Hen* (1973) received starred reviews from *Kirkus Reviews*.
His retellings of classic tales like The Little Red Hen have become staples.
He was posthumously awarded the 1996 Kerlan Award for his contributions to children\'s literature.
## Death
On November 7, 1986 at age 79, he died of a heart attack in Nyack, New York.
## Selected works {#selected_works}
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Year | Title | Contribution | Text |
+======+=======================================================================================================+=========================+==============================================================================+
| 1946 | *The Little Green Car* | Illustrated | by C. D. Emerson |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1950 | *The Reluctant Landlord* | Illustrated | by Scott Corbett |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1951 | *Nine Lives; or, the celebrated cat of Beacon Hill* | Illustrated | by Edward Fenton |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1951 | *The kid who batted 1,000* | Illustrated | by Bob Allison and Frank Ernest Hill |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1951 | *Of Mikes and Men* | Illustrated | by Jane Woodfin |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1952 | *Space Cat* | Illustrated | by Ruthven Todd |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1956 | *Anatole* \ | Illustrated | by Eve Titus\ |
| | (series of ten to 1979) | | featuring a \"mouse village\" near Paris |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1958 | *Basil of Baker Street*\ | Illustrated | by Eve Titus\ |
| | (series of five to 1982) | | featuring the \"great mouse detective\" |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1959 | *Grandfather and I* | Illustrated | by Helen E. Buckley |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1959 | *Paddy the Penguin* | Illustrated | |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1960 | *The Old Woman and Her Pig* | Illustrated | |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1960 | *The Different Dog* | Illustrated | by Dale Everson |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1961 | *The House that Jack Built* | Adapted and illustrated | |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1961 | *The Three Wishes* | Adapted and illustrated | |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1962 | *The First Seven Days* | Written and illustrated | |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1963 | *The Blind Men and the Elephant* | Illustrated | by John Godfrey Saxe, from the Indian fable *Blind men and an elephant* |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1963 | *Paul Revere\'s Ride* | Illustrated | from the American poem \"Paul Revere\'s Ride\" by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1964 | *Tom, Tom the Piper\'s Son* | Illustrated | |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1966 | *The History of Simple Simon* | Illustrated | |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1969 | *Little Tuppen* | Illustrated | |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1968 | *Henny Penny* | Adapted and illustrated | from the \"Henny Penny\" fable |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1968 | *The Horse, the Fox and the Lion* | Adapted and illustrated | |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1968 | *The Wise Fool* | Illustrated | |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1969 | *George Washington\'s Breakfast* | Illustrated | by Jean Fritz |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1969 | *The Monkey and the Crocodile: A Jataka Tale from India* | Written and illustrated | from one of the Indian Jataka tales |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1969 | *The Life of Jack Spratt, His Wife & His Cat* | Illustrated | |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1970 | *The Three Little Pigs* | Adapted and illustrated | from the fable *The Three Little Pigs*; with Joanna Galdone |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1970 | Androcles and the Lion | Adapted and illustrated | |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1971 | *Three Aesop Fox Fables* | Adapted and illustrated | from Aesop\'s Fables; with Joanna C. Galdone |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1971 | *The Town Mouse and the Country Mouse* | Adapted and illustrated | from \"The Town Mouse and the Country Mouse\" tale |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1972 | *The Three Bears* | Adapted and illustrated | from the \"Goldilocks and the Three Bears\" tale |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1972 | *The Moving Adventures of Old Dame Trot* | Adapted and illustrated | |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1972 | *Honeybee\'s Party* | Illustrated | |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1973 | *The Little Red Hen* | Adapted and illustrated | from the \"Little Red Hen\" folktale |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1973 | *The Three Billy Goats Gruff* | Adapted and illustrated | from the Norwegian fairytale *Three Billy Goats Gruff* |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1974 | *Speak Up, Edie!* | Illustrated | by Johanna Johnston |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1974 | *Little Red Riding Hood* | Adapted and illustrated | from the fairytale *Little Red Riding Hood* |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1974 | *Jack and the Beanstalk/The History of Mother Twaddle and the Marvelous Achievements of Her Son Jack* | Adapted and illustrated | from the *Jack and the Beanstalk* tale |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1975 | *The Gingerbread Boy* | Adapted and illustrated | from the American fairytale *The Gingerbread Boy* |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1976 | *Cinderella* | Adapted and illustrated | from the *Cinderella* tale |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1976 | *Puss in Boots* | Adapted and illustrated | from the French fairytale *Puss in Boots* by Charles Perrault |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1976 | *The Magic Porridge Pot* | Adapted and illustrated | |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1977 | *The Tailypo: A Ghost Story* | Illustrated | by Joanna Galdone from the tale \"Tailypo\" |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1977 | *A Strange Servant* | Illustrated | Translated by Blanche Ross |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1978 | *The Princess and the Pea* | Illustrated | by Hans Christian Andersen from \"The Princess and the Pea\" fairytale |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1979 | *Hans in Luck* | Adapted and illustrated | from the \"Hans in Luck\" fairytale |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1980 | *King of the Cats* | Adapted and illustrated | from the \"King of the Cats\" folktale |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1981 | *The Three Sillies* | Adapted and illustrated | |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1981 | *The Amazing Pig* | Written and illustrated | |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1982 | *The Monster and the Tailor: A Ghost Story* | Adapted and illustrated | |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1982 | *What\'s in Fox\'s Sack? An Old English Tale* | Adapted and illustrated | |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1983 | *The Greedy Old Fat Man* | Written and illustrated | |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1983 | *The Turtle and the Monkey* | Illustrated | by Joanna C. Galdone |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1984 | *The Elves and the Shoemaker* | Adapted and illustrated | from the tale *The Elves and the Shoemaker* |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1985 | *Rumpelstiltskin* | Adapted and illustrated | from the *Rumpelstiltskin* fairytale |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1986 | *The Three Little Kittens* | Adapted and illustrated | from the English nursery rhyme \"Three Little Kittens\" |
+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1987 | *The Complete Story of the Three Blind Mice* | Illustrated | by John W
| 1,238 |
Paul Galdone
| 0 |
10,033,751 |
# Wittnau, Baden-Württemberg
**Wittnau** is a community in the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in Baden-Württemberg in Germany
| 16 |
Wittnau, Baden-Württemberg
| 0 |
10,033,763 |
# Sébastien Grimaldi
**Sebastien Grimaldi** (born 10 September 1979) is a French footballer who plays primarily as a centre back, though can play in midfield.
Grimaldi began his career with Saint-Romain en gier. In 1992, he moved to Oullins where he stayed until 1995 when he joined the academy of Olympique Lyonnais.
In 2000, Grimaldi moved to Cannes and in 2002 to Angers. He moved to Belgium to play for Excelsior Mouscron in 2005.
He joined Chesterfield on 31 January 2007, making his debut on 3 February 2007 in a 1--0 defeat at home to AFC Bournemouth. He impressed at Saltergate, but unfortunately an injury meant he left the club in the summer of 2007.
In July 2008, he joined APOP Kinyras Peyias with which on 17 May 2009 he won the Cypriot Cup 2008-09. He had a very good game in final. Actually he is one of the best defender in the Cypriot First Division
| 156 |
Sébastien Grimaldi
| 0 |
10,033,766 |
# Portrait in Black
***Portrait in Black*** is a 1960 American neo-noir melodrama film directed by Michael Gordon, and starring Lana Turner and Anthony Quinn. Produced by Ross Hunter, the film was based on the play of the same name by Ivan Goff and Ben Roberts, who also wrote the screenplay. The film was distributed by Universal-International. This was the final film appearance by actress Anna May Wong.
## Plot
San Francisco socialite Sheila Cabot (Lana Turner) becomes increasingly disturbed as she cares for her ailing, disagreeable husband (Lloyd Nolan). Along the way, she falls in love with Dr. David Rivera (Anthony Quinn), who is tending her husband. This leads to a series of unfortunate events, resulting in the death of the husband and an ensuing murder investigation that reveals a surprise culprit.
## Cast
- Lana Turner as Sheila Cabot
- Anthony Quinn as Dr. David Rivera
- Richard Basehart as Howard Mason
- Sandra Dee as Cathy Cabot
- John Saxon as Blake Richards
- Ray Walston as Cobb
- Virginia Grey as Miss Lee
- Anna May Wong as Tawny
- Lloyd Nolan as Matthew S. Cabot
- John Wengraf as Dr. Kessler
- Paul Birch as Detective Lieutenant
- Elizabeth Chan as Chinese Dancer
- Dennis Kohler as Peter Cabot
- John McNamara as Minister
- George Womack as Foreman
## The play {#the_play}
The film was based on a play that had premiered in London at the Piccadilly Theatre in 1946 and had a short run on Broadway the following year. The writers, Ivan Goff and Ben Roberts, had worked on it for 13 months.
Film rights were sold almost immediately, to Universal, for a reported \$100,000 against a sliding percentage of the gross to reach a maximum of 15% at \$2.5 million. A clause was added that if a film was not released by June 30, 1950, the rights would revert to the authors and they would keep the \$100,000. Diana Wynyard appeared in the London production and her husband Carol Reed was going to direct the film version. However, he disagreed with Universal about how best to adapt it. Another director, Michael Gordon, encountered similar difficulties. In 1948, Goff approached Universal to buy the project back but balked at the studio\'s demand for \$316,000. When the June 30, 1950 deadline passed, the project reverted to the authors. They tried finance the film with Michael Gordon and Joan Crawford.
## Reception
The film was not well received critically but did well at the box office, earning \$3,600,000 in theatrical rentals in the United States and Canada in 1960.
## Radio adaptation {#radio_adaptation}
*Portrait in Black* was presented on *Theatre Guild on the Air* on March 2, 1952. The one-hour adaptation starred Barbara Stanwyck and Richard Widmark.
## Home media {#home_media}
*Portrait in Black* was released on DVD in Region 1 as a Lana Turner double feature with *Madame X* by Universal Studios Home Entertainment on February 5, 2008. It was released on Blu-ray disc by Kino Lorber on May 28, 2019
| 507 |
Portrait in Black
| 0 |
10,033,768 |
# Aidlingen
**Aidlingen** is a municipality in the district of Böblingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
## History
The County of Württemberg came into possession of Aidlingen when it was sold to Württemberg by the Lords of Bondorf in 1365. Aidlingen was ruled from the city of Böblingen while nearby Dachtal was given to the jurisdiction of Calw. Aidlingen expanded substantially and industrialized after World War II, particularly in the 1960s and 1970s. Dachtal was incorporated into Aidlingen in 1971 and nearly doubled in size through the 1980s.
## Geography
The municipality (*Gemeinde*) of Aidlingen is found in the district of Böblingen, in the German state of Baden-Württemberg. Aidlingen lies on the western edge of Böblingen district, along its border with Calw\'s district, and physically in the Heckengäu and the Upper Gäu regions. The main watercourse in the municipal area is the Würm, which flows north-to-west through the eastern portion of the municipality. The lowest elevation above sea level in the municipal area, 403 m Normalnull (NN), is found along the Würm. The highest, 576 m NN, is near Dachtal.
Besides Aidlingen itself, the municipality contains Ortsteile (districts) Deufringen, Dachtel, and Lehenweiler.
## Politics
Aidlingen has three boroughs (*Ortsteile*): Aidlingen, Dachtal, and Deufringen.
Ekkehard Fauth has been the mayor of Aidlingen since 2000.
### Coat of arms {#coat_of_arms}
Aidlingen\'s coat of arms displays a blue and yellow *globus cruciger* upon a field of white. The *globus cruciger* has been a motif associated with Aidlingen since 1609 and it was used in the seal of the local *Schultheiß* from the 19th century to 1923. On 20 December 1929, at the insistence of the Böblingen district office, Aidlingen\'s municipal council adopted a coat of arms that pictured a *globus cruciger* in a white above one of blue with a rake and scythe, crossed and in white. These agricultural implements were removed from the coat of arms in 1971. The revised pattern was approved by the Federal Ministry of the Interior on 12 January 1973 and municipal flag was issued by the same body to accompany the new coat of arms.
## Transportation
Aidlingen is connected to Germany\'s network of roadways by Bundesautobahn 81. Local public transportation is provided by the Verkehrs- und Tarifverbund Stuttgart
| 371 |
Aidlingen
| 0 |
10,033,779 |
# Gary Bromley
**Gary Bert** \"**Bones**\" **Bromley** (born January 19, 1950) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender. He played in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Buffalo Sabres and Vancouver Canucks. He also played in the World Hockey Association (WHA) with the Calgary Cowboys and Winnipeg Jets.
In his NHL career, Bromley played in 136 games and accumulated a record of 54-44-28. In the WHA, he played in 67 games, with a record of 31-21-3. He may be best remembered for his \"Skull\" mask which he wore during his years with the Canucks. The idea for the design came from his nickname, \"Bones\"
| 106 |
Gary Bromley
| 0 |
10,033,793 |
# Billy Mehmet
**Billy Mehmet** (born 3 January 1984) is a professional footballer who plays as a striker and currently captains Alsancak Yeşilova SK in the KTFF Süper Lig. Born in England, Mehmet represented the England national football team at schoolboy level and trained at the Lilleshall National Sports Centre, which at the time served as England\'s elite youth development base. He later represented the Republic of Ireland national under-21 football team and the Northern Cyprus national football team at senior level.
Mehmet came through the youth system at West Ham United F.C., having joined the academy at the age of eight. He spent eleven years at the club before moving to the Scottish Premier League at 19, where he played for Dunfermline Athletic F.C. and St Mirren F.C. over a seven-year period.
Following his time in Scotland, Mehmet signed for Gençlerbirliği S.K. and later Samsunspor in the Turkish Süper Lig. He then moved to Australia, where he spent two seasons with Perth Glory in the A-League. His career later took him to Southeast Asia, beginning with a move to Bangkok Glass F.C. in the Thai Premier League for a reported fee of \$2.5 million.
In 2014, Mehmet joined Kedah FA in the Malaysia Premier League, finishing as the top scorer in all competitions with 23 goals in 26 appearances. He continued his prolific form the following year with Sarawak FA in the Malaysia Super League, where he was the club\'s top scorer and finished third in the league\'s overall scoring charts.
He later moved to the Singapore Premier League with Tampines Rovers FC, where he was again the club\'s top goal scorer and played as a marquee signing alongside former Arsenal F.C. winger Jermaine Pennant. Mehmet went on to have a short spell with DPMM FC of Brunei, after being signed by former Blackburn Rovers F.C. manager Steve Kean.
In 2017, Mehmet joined the KTFF Süper Lig, signing as a marquee player for Alsancak Yeşilova SK. He played alongside several high-profile teammates, including former Newcastle United F.C. forward Lomana LuaLua.
| 341 |
Billy Mehmet
| 0 |
10,033,793 |
# Billy Mehmet
## Club career {#club_career}
### Early career {#early_career}
Mehmet began his career with West Ham United where he was captain of The Academy of Football. As a youngster Mehmet was offered deals with Norwich, Arsenal, Millwall and Crystal Palace but decided to stay with West Ham United.
He transferred to Dunfermline Athletic on 8 May 2003. He was an unused substitute in the 2004 Scottish Cup Final against Celtic, Dunfermline losing 3--1. In 2005, he transferred to St Mirren.
### St Mirren {#st_mirren}
In his first season, Mehmet helped St Mirren win the Scottish First Division and gain promotion to the Scottish Premier League, scoring the winning goal in a 2--1 win over Dundee which clinched the league. He scored the goals that kept St Mirren in the SPL in 2007--08 and 2008--09. In 2007--08 season, Mehmet started to play more and was *Saints*\' top scorer in 2007--08 with nine goals, 2008--09 with 11 goals and 2009--10 with 13 goals. In February 2008, Mehmet extended his contract with St Mirren to 2010. He scored his first ever hat-trick in a Scottish League Cup win against Dumbarton. On 7 March 2009, Mehmet scored the only goal in a 1--0 win at St Mirren Park, converting a penalty to knock Celtic out of the Scottish Cup, and sending the Paisley club into the semi-finals of the tournament. The victory came after St Mirren lost 7--0 to Celtic in the Scottish Premier League meeting at Parkhead the week before. In August 2009, Mehmet scored five of St Mirren\'s six goals in a 6--3 League Cup victory over East Stirlingshire. On 2 February 2010, Mehmet booked *Saints* a place in the League Cup Final after his strike was enough to secure a semi-final victory over Hearts, they lost 1--0 in the final against Rangers.
### Gençlerbirliği
On 10 May 2010, it was confirmed that Mehmet had signed for Turkish side Gençlerbirliği on a two-year deal with a one-year option to extend his stay. However, in February 2011 Mehmet mutually agreed to terminate his contract with Gençlerbirliği due to financial issues affecting the club. He made 19 appearances, scoring four times for the club.
### Samsunspor
In March 2011, Mehmet signed for Turkish side Samsunspor, dropping down to the Bank Asya Lig 1, the second level of Turkish football, due to a clause in his contract that didn\'t allow him to play for another Super Lig team for one season. Mehmet helped Samsunspor to second place in the Bank Asya Lig 1 title in August 2011 which saw Samsunspor promoted to the Turkish Super Lig. He score thrice in 12 league appearances for the club.
### Perth Glory {#perth_glory}
On 5 September 2011 it was announced Mehmet had signed with A-League club Perth Glory. After an impressive pre-season, Mehmet scored the lone goal in Perth\'s 1--0 defeat of Adelaide United in the opening round game in Perth. He went to make 29 league appearances that season, scoring eight goals, and helped Perth Glory to second place in the league.
### Bangkok Glass {#bangkok_glass}
On 18 January 2013, Mehmet terminated his contract with Perth Glory in the A-League after agreeing to sign with Thai Premier League side Bangkok Glass. Billy Mehmet scored in his first pre-season match for Bangkok Glass vs Singapore Armed Forces in a 3--1 victory at the Leo Stadium. Mehmet made his league debut for Bangkok Glass on 3 February 2013, losing 1--0 to Songkhla United.
After making only seven league appearances and scoring once, Mehmet and Bangkok Glass agreed to mutually terminate Mehmet\'s contract on 13 June 2013 for personal reasons.
### Dempo
Not long after leaving Bangkok, Mehmet was snapped up by Indian club Dempo. The Panaji based club from the I-League (India\'s top flight) announced his signing on 10 July. Mehmet made his debut for Dempo on 22 July 2013, in a 3--0 away defeat to Shillong Lajong. During his six months stay in India, he scored seven goals in 16 league appearances for the club.
### Kedah F.A. {#kedah_f.a.}
In February 2014, Mehmet signed for Malaysian Premier League club Kedah FA for the 2014 season. He made an immediate impact for his new team, scoring six goals in his first four games and being awarded the club\'s Player of the Month award. Mehmet went on to be the club\'s top goal scorer with 23 goals in 26 games.
### Sarawak F.A. {#sarawak_f.a.}
Mehmet decided to move onto Malaysian Super League side Sarawak FA at the end of the 2014 season. Mehmet was also offered a contract at Super League side Perak, but chose Sarawak FA. Mehmet had a great pre season with Sarawak scoring on his debut game for the club. Mehmet scored 8 goals in pre season with Sarawak FA. Mehmet also scored on his full debut and his next 2 games in the Malaysian Super League with Sarawak. Mehmet ended the 2015 season as Sarawak FA\'s top goal scorer and was the 3rd highest goal scorer in the 2015 Malaysian Super League. Mehmet left the club at the end of his contract.
| 848 |
Billy Mehmet
| 1 |
10,033,793 |
# Billy Mehmet
## Club career {#club_career}
### Tampines Rovers {#tampines_rovers}
After leaving Sarawak FA at the end of his contract, Mehmet signed for Tampines Rovers in the S-League after declining offers from football clubs in Malaysia and Indonesia. Tampines manager Sundram wanted to sign Mehmet when he was in charge at Negeri in the Malaysian Super League but missed out when Mehmet signed with Sarawak FA.
### Brunei DPMM {#brunei_dpmm}
It was announced that Mehmet would leave the 2016 S.League runners-up side Tampines Rovers for Brunei DPMM. He scored his first goal for the Bruneian club on 2 April 2017 against Hougang United. He left the club in June 2017.
### Merit Alsancak Yeşilova {#merit_alsancak_yeşilova}
On 6 July 2017, Mehmet signed a contract with Turkish Cypriot club Merit Alsancak Yeşilova. He scored twice in the friendly game against Bostancı Bağcıl on 11 August.
## International career {#international_career}
Mehmet qualifies for the Republic of Ireland through his Irish maternal grandfather. He has played for the Republic of Ireland U21 national team and made his debut against Poland in April 2004. He qualifies for England, Cyprus and Turkey due to his mother being half English and half Irish and his father being Cypriot.
Mehmet received a call-up from the Northern Cyprus national team ahead of the 2018 ConIFA World Football Cup. On 31 May 2018, he scored on his debut for Northern Cyprus, scoring the opening goal in a 1--1 draw with Kárpátalja.
| 242 |
Billy Mehmet
| 2 |
10,033,793 |
# Billy Mehmet
## Personal life {#personal_life}
Mehmet was born in London to a mother of English and Irish descent, and a Turkish Cypriot father
| 25 |
Billy Mehmet
| 3 |
10,033,796 |
# Altdorf, Böblingen
**Altdorf** (`{{IPA|de|ˈaltˌdɔʁf|-|De-Altdorf.ogg}}`{=mediawiki}) is a municipality in the district of Böblingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
## Geography
### Natural Space {#natural_space}
Altdorf is located on the northern edge of the Schönbuch. The northern part has fields and meadows and it spreads on fertile clay soil. The southern part has a community forest and a state forest. The Rhätsandstein plateau of the Bromberg at the Schönbuch is in the middle. On that there is the highest point of the Schönbuch, which is 581 meters high. A small raised moor has formed at Birkensee from the Schönbuch.
## History
### Name Origin {#name_origin}
The origin of the name could be easily explained that it comes from *altes Dorf* ((in German), \'old village\') but it would be unclear what the *neues Dorf* would be ((in German), \'new village\'). But at the first mention from the Papal certificate from the year 1204 there it is called *Alcdorf*. From that the initial form *Alachdorf* was reconstructed. Due to that the community name could be translated to *the protected place* or *the protective place*. This could show that Altdorf was a Franconian military settlement at the Via Rheni in the past. But still the real origin of the name can no longer be determined with certainty today
| 213 |
Altdorf, Böblingen
| 0 |
10,033,802 |
# Bondorf
**Bondorf** is a municipality in the district of Böblingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. It is the southernmost municipality in the Stuttgart administrative district and the Region of Stuttgart
| 30 |
Bondorf
| 0 |
10,033,805 |
# Deckenpfronn
**Deckenpfronn** is a municipality in the district of Böblingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
North of Deckenpfronn on the Lerchenberg is a radio transmitter site of the police, which includes an 81-metre-high transmission tower.
## Population
- 1900: 1.178
- 1950: 1.003
- 1987: 2.074
- 2005: 2.929
- 2010: 3.168
- 2015: 3
| 55 |
Deckenpfronn
| 0 |
10,033,826 |
# Grafenau, Württemberg
**Grafenau** (`{{IPA|de|ɡʁaːfəˈnaʊ̯|-|De-Grafenau.ogg}}`{=mediawiki}) is a town in the district of Böblingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
## Population
Year Inhabitants
------ -------------
1961 3.289
1970 4.482
1980 5.100
1990 5.564
2000 6.565
2010 6.516
2015 6
| 37 |
Grafenau, Württemberg
| 0 |
10,033,831 |
# Nigeria Union of Teachers
**Nigeria Union of Teachers** is a major trade union in Nigeria. It was formed to create a united front for practitioners of the teaching profession in the country. Major objectives of the union covers the improvement in economic conditions of teachers, an avenue for bringing forth ideas about the educational development of the country from the perspectives of teachers and general economic security for teachers in the country.
## History
The union was formally inaugurated in 1931, it came about partly as a result of vulnerabilities exposed by the Great Depression, which led to cuts in teachers salaries and a seemingly lack job security.
The use of irregular and unpredictable educational codes for teachers and salary cuts led to an increase in teachers associations mushrooming in various southern Nigerian cities, particularly in Calabar, Lagos, and Abeokuta. The various associations, however, realized that harmonizing the objectives of the groups to bring about a united front will create a powerful vocal union for the interest of the teachers. On July 8, 1931, the teachers associations of Lagos, Agege, Abeokuta, Ibadan, Calabar and Ijebu-Ode joined together to form the Nigeria Union of Teachers. The first president of the group and chairman of the July 1931 meeting was the late Oludotun Ransome Kuti, the husband of Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti and father of Fela Anikulapo Kuti.
On Children\'s Day, May 27, 1972, Chief Omoz Oarhe the N.U.T. President oversaw the merger with the Northern State Teachers Union, an association founded by Aminu Kano and a few northern Nigerian teachers in 1948.
To some extent, the union has live up to it expectation as it has provided an umbrella body for the teachers of the country. Several strike actions were embarked upon at the instance of the union
| 296 |
Nigeria Union of Teachers
| 0 |
10,033,844 |
# Hildrizhausen
**Hildrizhausen** is a municipality in the district of Böblingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
## Geography
Hildrizhausen, with its 3,615 inhabitants,`{{refn|group=lower-alpha|As of: 31 March 2018.}}`{=mediawiki} is located on a clearing of the Schönbuch and about 9 kilometres south of Böblingen. In Hildrizhausen there is one of the two sources of the river Würm.
## History
Hildrizhausen was most likely founded in the 8th century.
## Literature
Hildrizhausen features in a novel \"The Schoenbuch Forest\" by Robert John Goddard published in paperback by Bright Pen (2006) and available as an e-book
| 91 |
Hildrizhausen
| 0 |
10,033,846 |
# Jettingen (Baden-Württemberg)
**Jettingen** is a village in the district of Böblingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
## Bilder
<File:Oberjettingen>, de evangelische kerk IMG 5051 2023-05-03 12.39.jpg\|Oberjettingen, reformed church <File:Bij> Unterjettingen, veld met koolzaad IMG 5039 2023-05-03 12.05.jpg\|near Unterjettingen, field with rapeseed <File:Unterjettingen>, de Michaelskirche IMG 5048 2023-05-03 12.24
| 48 |
Jettingen (Baden-Württemberg)
| 0 |
10,033,856 |
# Mötzingen
**Mötzingen** is a village in the district of Böblingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
## History
Mötzingen was first mentioned in written records in 1094. The earliest artifacts discovered in Mötzingen can be traced back to the Iron Age, approximately 900 BC. The region subsequently came under Roman control around 2000 years ago, integrating Mötzingen into the broader administrative framework of the Zehntland, which encompassed a significant portion of southern Germany. Roman hegemony lasted until the incursion of the Alemanni around 250 AD. However, this period of Alemannic dominance was relatively short-lived; by 496 AD, the Alemanni were decisively defeated and incorporated into the Frankish realm under King Clovis.
On December 25, 496, King Clovis underwent conversion to Christianity, despite exhibiting conduct that starkly contradicted Christian teachings. This pivotal moment catalyzed the establishment of Christianity as the state religion across the Frankish territories, marking a significant shift in the sociopolitical landscape. By the conclusion of the 8th century, the process of Christianization in the region was largely completed, resulting in a profound transformation of cultural and religious practices. Following this period, there was a notable increase in the donation of both villages and fortifications to various monastic institutions, reflecting the intertwined nature of land ownership, ecclesiastical authority, and the burgeoning power of the Church.
On June 6, 1580, the Bishopric of Speyer completed the acquisition of the castle and village of Mötzingen. Just a few months later, on February 13, 1581, the Bishop sold these properties back to Duke Ludwig von Württemberg for the original price of 12,000 gulden. Following the Reformation, which was widely implemented in Württemberg\'s towns in 1534, Mötzingen became part of the jurisdiction of the deanery of Herrenberg.
During the Thirty Years\' War, the population of Mötzingen experienced a significant decline, with estimates indicating over 200 inhabitants in 1601, dropping to approximately 60 by 1641. The famine year of 1816, characterized by a inadequate and belated grain harvest, prompted a substantial emigration wave, resulting in 460 residents relocating to America. Mötzingen transitioned from the district of Nagold to the district of Herrenberg prior to 1810, and it has been incorporated into the Böblingen district since 1938.
The current church structure dates back to 1793, while the old town hall was constructed between 1745 and 1746, originally serving dual functions as both a school and administrative center. Following a renovation in the 1990s, the town hall has been partially repurposed for residential use. These two edifices remain architectural landmarks within the village. The establishment of formal education in Mötzingen did not occur until the late 16th century. The first dedicated schoolhouse was erected in 1875 but was tragically destroyed by fire on September 17, 1907. During the interim before the construction of a new facility, educational activities were conducted within the town hall and the early childhood school. In 1909, a new schoolhouse was built on the original site, which is now referred to as the "old schoolhouse."
## Geography
Mötzingen is located on the western edge of the Oberes Gäus, serving as a gateway to the foothills of the northern Black Forest. This flat hilly landscape in the southern Böblingen district is notably fertile. Historically, agriculture and livestock farming have been key economic drivers in the region, as seen in the relatively large farms equipped with extensive stabling and barn facilities--- a clear sign of a thriving agrarian economy. Moreover, fruit cultivation has risen to prominence as an important agricultural industry, while trade and artisanal crafts have played a more limited role in comparison
| 589 |
Mötzingen
| 0 |
10,033,862 |
# Nufringen
**Nufringen** is a municipality (\"Gemeinde\") in the district of Böblingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
## Location
Nufringen is situated in the Gäu region, 2 km of Herrenberg and 13 km of Böblingen at the Bundesstraße 14 and at the Stuttgart--Horb railway.
## History
Nufringen was mentioned documentarily first time in the year 1182. In the 13th and 14th century the Pfalzgrafen von Tübingen have had impact on Nufringen until it was sold to Württemberg in 1382. The population was cut drastically because of the Thirty Years\' War and the Black Death and did not become as big as before those events happened until the 18th century.
Nufringen belongs to the Oberamt Herrenberg since 1806. When the Stuttgart--Horb railway was opened, Nufringen was connected to the main transport networks. Nufringen became part of the Landkreis Böblingen because of administrative reform in 1938. In the World War II 40% of Nufringen were destroyed by an allied bombing raid. After the war Nufringen took a quick upswing.
## Politics
Since the last election in May 2014 the city council (\"Gemeinderat\") consists of 14 members. The turnout was 58,6%. The result was:
--- ---------------------------------------------------- --------- --
Freie Liste Nufringen (Free list of Nufringen) 5 seats
CDU 4 seats
Frauenliste Nufringen (Women\'s list of Nufringen) 2 seats
SPD 3 seats
--- ---------------------------------------------------- --------- --
The mayor is the chairman of the Gemeinderat.
## Coat of arms and flag {#coat_of_arms_and_flag}
The coat of arms shows that the agriculture is an important part of Nufringen. Flag: Yellow-Red (Gold-Red).
## Hotels and gastronomy {#hotels_and_gastronomy}
There is a hotel (\"Lamm\") and a Musikcafé in Nufringen.
## Economy and infrastructure {#economy_and_infrastructure}
### Transport
Nufringen is situated on the Stuttgart--Horb railway, but only the trains of the line S1 (Kirchheim-Teck-Stuttgart-Herrenberg) of the S-Bahn Stuttgart stop at its station.
### Education institutions {#education_institutions}
With the Wiesengrundschule Nufringen has got an own Grundschule, a Hauptschule and a Werkrealschule.
### Settlement Geography {#settlement_geography}
If Nufringen was a town, it could be called the best example of a commuter town, because many of the working people there leave the village in the daytime and come back when it becomes evening. There are not many people who go from outside into the Industrial area in northern Nufringen, because there are not enough jobs. The only reasons for the population growth are the connection to the S-Bahn and to the autobahn. The rest of Nufringen, which consists nearly just out of residential area, circles nearly around the station. Nearly no residential area is more than 800 m away from it, so that it can be reached easily. The newest development area in southern Nufringen does it, too. There are no other public transport facilities (except the bus station for buses in the night). The A 81 can be reached directly by the Bundesstraße 14, which is situated next to Nufringen. The few shops are also conveniently located for cars
| 484 |
Nufringen
| 0 |
10,033,865 |
# Steinenbronn
**Steinenbronn** is a town in the district of Böblingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. The district has one public school and five kindergartens. The east side is industrial while the west side of the town is rather urban.
## Geography
Steinenbronn lies on the edge of the Nationalpark Schönbuch at the old trade route Stuttgart -- Tübingen, five kilometers south of Leinfelden-Echterdingen, three kilometers north of Waldenbuch and five kilometers east of Schönaich.
## Politics
### Mayor
since the end of World War II:
- 1945--1950: Gottlob Krauß
- 1950--1980: Reinhold Buck
- 1980--1996: Hermann Walz
- 1996--2020: Johann Singer
- since 2020: Ronny Habakuk
## Municipal Council {#municipal_council}
Elections in May 2014:
- Freie Wähler (Free voters): 5 seats
- CDU: 5 seats
- Offene Grüne Liste (Open green list): 2 seats
- SPD: 2 seats
## Infrastructure
From 1928 to 1965 Steinenbronn was part of the Siebenmühlentalbahn (Leinfelden-Waldenbuch). Today Steinenbronn is connected to the mass transit of Stuttgart. Steinenbronn is located at the former Bundesstraße 27, now Landstraße 1208 which connects Stuttgart and Tübingen.
important Distances:
- Stuttgart-Airport: 8 km
- Stuttgart: 20 km
- Tübingen: 24 km
## Education
Steinenbronn is the seat of a secondary school with more than 400 students
| 206 |
Steinenbronn
| 0 |
10,033,869 |
# Weissach
**Weissach** is a municipality in the district of Böblingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
The Weissach axle is named after the town, where the research centre of Porsche is located. The Porsche 918 Spyder supercar was developed in Weissach; Porsche offered an optional `{{currency|84000|USD}}`{=mediawiki} \"Weissach package\" that featured reduced weight and improved aerodynamics.
Erich Hartmann (April 19, 1922, in Weissach -- September 20, 1993, in Weil im Schönbuch) was a Luftwaffe pilot in World War 2. With 352 confirmed kills, he was the most successful fighter pilot in the history of air combat
| 94 |
Weissach
| 0 |
10,033,878 |
# Days of Ziklag
***Days of Ziklag*** (Hebrew: ***ימי צקלג**\'\',***Yemei Tziklag**\'\') is a novel by S. Yizhar, first published in 1958. It is widely considered to be one of the most prominent works in Israeli literature.
The novel describes 48 days during the 1947--1949 Palestine war in which it follows a squad of IDF soldiers trying to hold a godforsaken post in the Negev desert. The story\'s stream of consciousness focuses on the inner worlds of the soldiers, both during and between battles. The story is based on the real-life battle for Horbat Ma\'achaz fought by the Yiftach Brigade in October 1948, although the battle is never mentioned by name.
Yizhar received the Israel Prize in 1959 for his novel
| 120 |
Days of Ziklag
| 0 |
10,033,888 |
# China Aviation Industry Corporation I
**China Aviation Industry Corporation I** (**AVIC I**) was a Chinese consortium of aircraft manufacturers. The consortium was created on 1 July 1999 by splitting the state-owned consortium **Aviation Industry Corporation of China** (**AVIC**) into **AVIC I** and **AVIC II**. **AVIC I** was historically focused on large planes such as bombers (Xian H-6, Xian JH-7), medium commercial planes (ARJ21), or fighter planes (J-7, J-8, J-10, J-11 and JF-17), while **AVIC II** was focused on smaller planes and helicopters. On 28 October 2008, the companies officially consolidated back into one organization to more efficiently manage resources and avoid redundant projects.
## Subsidiaries
- Chengdu Aircraft Industry Group
- Guizhou Aircraft Industry Co
| 116 |
China Aviation Industry Corporation I
| 0 |
10,033,891 |
# Althengstett
**Althengstett** is a municipality in the district of Calw in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
## History
Althengstett was first mentioned in a document from around 1120 regarding a donation to Hirsau Abbey as \"Hingesteten\". The village was purchased in 1301 by Herrenalb Abbey and, some time from 1338 to 1341, the County of Württemberg was named protector of the town. It was assigned to the Pfleghof at Merklingen.
## Geography
The municipality (*Gemeinde*) of Althengstett is located in the district of Calw, in Baden-Württemberg, one of the 16 States of the Federal Republic of Germany. Althengstett lies in a transitional landscape between the Northern Black Forest to the west and the Upper Gäu to the east. At the southwestern edge of the municipal area is the source of the Tälesbach, a tributary of the Nagold. Elevation above sea level in the municipal area ranges from a high of 596 m Normalnull (NN) to a low of 444 m NN.
A portion of the Federally protected Würm-Heckengäu nature reserve is located in Althengstett\'s municipal area.
## Politics
Althengstett has three boroughs, Althengstett, Neuhengstett, and Ottenbronn, and the industrial district of Unterer Wald. The abandoned villages of Schlehdorn and Schweichingen are also found in the municipal area.
### Coat of arms {#coat_of_arms}
Althengstett\'s coat of arms displays a white stallion standing and facing left upon green ground upon a field of blue. The design of the coat of arms is a reference to the name Althengstett, created in on the advice of the Central State Archive Stuttgart. It was however not until 1952 that its tincture was decided and it was adopted by the municipal council. The coat of arms were retained after the 1974 merger and it was approved for municipal use by the Calw district office on 8 June 1982. A corresponding municipal flag was also issued on that date.
## Transportation
Althengstett is connected to Germany\'s network of roadways by the Bundesstraße 295 and to its rail network by the Black Forest Railway. Local public transportation is provided by the Verkehrsgesellschaft Bäderkreis Calw
| 345 |
Althengstett
| 0 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.