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Commodity | Who sells coffee? | Coffee | true | 9FOOD
| [
0
] | [
"Coffee is bought and sold by roasters, investors, and price speculators as a tradable commodity in commodity markets and exchange-traded funds.",
"Coffee futures contracts for Grade 3 washed arabicas are traded on the New York Mercantile Exchange under ticker symbol KC, with contract deliveries occurring every year in March, May, July, September, and December.",
"Coffee is an example of a product that has been susceptible to significant commodity futures price variations.",
"Higher and lower grade arabica coffees are sold through other channels.",
"Futures contracts for robusta coffee are traded on the London International Financial Futures and Options Exchange and, since 2007, on the New York IntercontinentalExchange.",
"Coffee has been described by many, including historian Mark Pendergrast, as the world's \"second most legally traded commodity.\"",
"However, this claim has been recently refuted by Pendergrast among others after further research."
] | [
3
] |
Influence | What film noticeably influenced the current generation of mainstream animated films? | Shrek | false | 6MOVIES
| [
1
] | [
"Previous films and TV shows, such as \"Fractured Fairy Tales\" and \"The Princess Bride\", have parodied the traditional fairy tale.",
"However, \"Shrek\" itself has noticeably influenced the current generation of mainstream animated films.",
"Particularly after \"Shrek 2\", animated films began to incorporate more pop culture references and end-film musical numbers.",
"Such elements can be seen in films like \"Robots\", and \"Chicken Little\".",
"It also inspired a number of computer animated films which also spoofed fairy tales, or other related story genres, often including adult-oriented humor, most of which were not nearly as successful as \"Shrek\", such as \"Happily N'Ever After\", \"Igor\", and \"Hoodwinked!",
"\"."
] | [
0
] |
SeaWorld San Diego | What year did the first Sea World open? | SeaWorld | true | 2TRAVEL
| [
1
] | [
"SeaWorld San Diego.",
"SeaWorld San Diego, the first SeaWorld park, opened on March 21, 1964.",
"The park features shows such as \"One Ocean\", the current Shamu show and \"Sea Lions Live\", a comedic show with sea lions and otters.",
"Rides include Journey to Atlantis, a splashdown ride that also has characteristics of a roller coaster.",
"The Summer Nights program changes some shows and adds others.",
"One show featuring Shamu is available during the night called \"Shamu Rocks\", a rock concert choreographed to the killer whales, and then the fireworks show \"Into the Blue\", which uses music from the newest dolphin show \"Blue Horizons\"."
] | [
0
] |
Grades | What body classifies the types of Canadian maple syrup? | Maple syrup | true | 9FOOD
| [
0
] | [
"In Canada, maple syrup is classified by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) as one of three grades, each with several colour classes: Canada No.",
"1, including Extra Light, Light, and Medium; No.",
"2 Amber; and finally No.",
"3 Dark or any other ungraded category.",
"Producers in Ontario or Québec may follow either federal or provincial grading guidelines.",
"Québec's and Ontario's guidelines differ slightly from the federal: there are two \"number\" categories in Québec (Number 1, with four colour classes, and 2, with five colour classes).",
"As in Québec, Ontario's producers have two \"number\" grades: 1, with three colour classes; and 2, with one colour class, which is typically referred to as \"Ontario Amber\" when produced and sold in that province only.",
"A typical year's yield for a maple syrup producer will be about 25 to 30 percent of each of the #1 colours, 10 percent #2 Amber, and 2 percent #3 Dark.",
"The United States uses different grading standards.",
"Maple syrup is divided into two major grades: Grade A and Grade B. Grade A is further divided into three subgrades: Light Amber (sometimes known as Fancy), Medium Amber, and Dark Amber.",
"The Vermont Agency of Agriculture Food and Markets uses a similar grading system of colour, and is roughly equivalent, especially for lighter syrups, but using letters: \"AA\", \"A\", etc.",
"The Vermont grading system differs from the US system in maintaining a slightly higher standard of product density (measured on the Baumé scale).",
"New Hampshire maintains a similar standard, but not a separate state grading scale.",
"The Vermont-graded product has 0.9 percent more sugar and less water in its composition than US-graded.",
"One grade of syrup not for table use, called commercial or Grade C, is also produced under the Vermont system.",
"Vermont inspectors enforce strict syrup grading regulations, and can fine producers up to US$1000 for labeling syrup incorrectly.",
"Extra Light and Grade A typically have a milder flavour than Grade B, which is very dark, with a rich maple flavour.",
"The dark grades of syrup are used primarily for cooking and baking, although some specialty dark syrups are produced for table use.",
"Syrup harvested earlier in the season tends to yield a lighter color.",
"The classification of maple syrup in the US depends ultimately on its translucence.",
"US Grade A Light Amber has to be more than 75 percent translucent, US Grade A Medium Amber has to be 60.5 to 74.9 percent translucent, US Grade A Dark Amber has to be 44.0 to 60.4 percent translucent, and US Grade B is any product less than 44.0 percent translucent.",
"The International Maple Syrup Institute has been working on international grading standards so that all producers will use the same grading system.",
"Transition to the new system is expected in the coming years."
] | [
0
] |
Synopsis | Which person raps in a field in the movie Love the Way You Lie? | Love the Way You Lie | true | 0MUSIC
| [
2
] | [
"Rihanna sings the chorus in front of a burning house, while an interspersing scene shows fire on a woman's (Fox) palms.",
"In another scene, the woman is asleep with her lover (Monaghan) and wakes up.",
"Eminem begins to rap in an open field.",
"The woman attacks her lover after seeing the name \"Cindy\" and a phone number written on his hand.",
"He unsuccessfully tries to kiss the woman and brings her back after she attempts to leave him.",
"The man then pushes her onto the wall and aims his fist at her, puncturing the wall instead.",
"After Rihanna sings again, the video flashes back to when the couple first meet \"at a seedy dive bar next door\" to a liquor store.",
"The man steals a bottle of vodka and they kiss on the rooftop.",
"During the present, the man apologizes to his lover and they are reconciled.",
"In another flashback, he attacks someone who plays pool with his lover.",
"Eminem joins Rihanna in front of the burning house for the final verse.",
"Meanwhile, after the flashback, the woman comes home and locks herself in the bathroom to stop her abusive lover from entering.",
"In another scene, the fire on her palms vanish as she clasps her hands.",
"Flames later engulf Eminem and the couple, who are then shown fighting in front of the burning house.",
"In the end, the couple stay together and the video returns to their first scene, in which they sleep."
] | [] |
Bacterial viruses | What is the amount per millilitre of seawater that bacteriophages occupy? | Virus | true | 8SCIENCE
| [
0
] | [
"Bacteriophages are a common and diverse group of viruses and are the most abundant form of biological entity in aquatic environments – there are up to ten times more of these viruses in the oceans than there are bacteria, reaching levels of 250,000,000 bacteriophages per millilitre of seawater.",
"These viruses infect specific bacteria by binding to surface receptor molecules and then entering the cell.",
"Within a short amount of time, in some cases just minutes, bacterial polymerase starts translating viral mRNA into protein.",
"These proteins go on to become either new virions within the cell, helper proteins, which help assembly of new virions, or proteins involved in cell lysis.",
"Viral enzymes aid in the breakdown of the cell membrane, and, in the case of the T4 phage, in just over twenty minutes after injection over three hundred phages could be released.",
"The major way bacteria defend themselves from bacteriophages is by producing enzymes that destroy foreign DNA.",
"These enzymes, called restriction endonucleases, cut up the viral DNA that bacteriophages inject into bacterial cells.",
"Bacteria also contain a system that uses CRISPR sequences to retain fragments of the genomes of viruses that the bacteria have come into contact with in the past, which allows them to block the virus's replication through a form of RNA interference.",
"This genetic system provides bacteria with acquired immunity to infection."
] | [
0
] |
Architecture | What amount of degrees does the Space Needle rotate? | Space Needle | true | 2TRAVEL
| [
9
] | [
"The architecture of the Space Needle is the result of a compromise between the designs of two men, Edward E. Carlson and John Graham, Jr.",
"The two leading ideas for the World Fair involved businessman Edward Carlson's sketch of a giant balloon tethered to the ground (see the gently sloping base) and architect John Graham's concept of a flying saucer (see the halo that houses the restaurant and observation deck).",
"Victor Steinbrueck introduced the hourglass profile of the tower.",
"The Space Needle was built to withstand wind speeds of 200 mph, double the requirements in the building code of 1962.",
"An earthquake registering 6.8 on the Richter Scale jolted the Needle enough in 2001 for water to slosh out of the toilets in the restrooms.",
"The Space Needle can endure serious structural damage during earthquakes of magnitudes below 9.",
"Also made to withstand Category 5 hurricane-force winds, the Space Needle sways only 1 inch per 10 mph (16 mm per 10 km/h) of wind speed.",
"For decades, the \"hovering disk\" of the Space Needle was home to two restaurants above the ground: the Space Needle Restaurant, which was originally named Eye of the Needle, and Emerald Suite.",
"These were closed in 2000 to make way for SkyCity, a larger restaurant that features Pacific Northwest cuisine.",
"It rotates 360 degrees in exactly forty-seven minutes.",
"In 1993, the elevators were replaced with new computerized versions.",
"The new elevators descend at a rate of .",
"On December 31, 1999 (New Year's Eve), a powerful beam of light was unveiled for the first time.",
"Called the Legacy Light or Skybeam, it is powered by lamps that total 85 million candela shining skyward from the top of the Space Needle to honor national holidays and special occasions in Seattle.",
"The concept of this beam was derived from the official 1962 World's Fair poster, which depicted such a light source although none was incorporated into the original design.",
"It is somewhat controversial because of the light pollution it creates.",
"Originally planned to be turned on 75 nights per year, it has generally been used fewer than a dozen times per year.",
"It did remain lit for eleven days in a row from September 11, 2001, to September 22, 2001, in response to the September 11, 2001 attacks.",
"The same 1962 World's Fair original poster showed a grand spiral entryway leading to the elevator, but this, too, was omitted from the final building plans.",
"This stairway was added as part of the Pavilion and Spacebase addition/remodel in June 2000.",
"The main stairwell (generally emergency access) has 848 steps in all from the basement to the top of the observation deck.",
"At approximately , the Space Needle was the tallest building west of the Mississippi River at the time it was built by Howard S. Wright Construction Co., but is now dwarfed by other structures along the Seattle skyline, among them the Columbia Center, at .",
"Unlike many other similar structures, such as the CN Tower in Toronto, the Space Needle is not used for broadcasting purposes."
] | [
0
] |
Sports | Other than football which sports are popular in Belgium. | Belgium | true | 5COUNTRY
| [
1
] | [
"Since the 1970s, sports clubs and federations are organised separately within each language community.",
"Association football is one of the most popular sports in both parts of Belgium, together with cycling, tennis, swimming and judo.",
"Belgians hold the most Tour de France victories of any country except France.",
"They have also the most victories on the UCI Road World Championships.",
"Philippe Gilbert is the 2012 world champion.",
"Another modern well-known Belgian cyclist is Tom Boonen.",
"With five victories in the Tour de France and numerous other cycling records, Belgian cyclist Eddy Merckx is regarded as one of the greatest cyclists of all time.",
"Jean-Marie Pfaff, a former Belgian goalkeeper, is considered one of the greatest in the history of football (soccer).",
"Belgium and The Netherlands previously hosted the UEFA European Football Championship in 2000.",
"Belgium hosted the 1972 European Football Championships.",
"The current Belgium football team have qualified for the 2014 world cup in Brazil and have a range of Premier League footbal players such as Romelu Lukaku, Eden Hazard and Marouane Fellaini.",
"Kim Clijsters and Justine Henin both were Player of the Year in the Women's Tennis Association as they were ranked the number one female tennis player.",
"The Spa-Francorchamps motor-racing circuit hosts the Formula One World Championship Belgian Grand Prix.",
"The Belgian driver, Jacky Ickx, won eight Grands Prix and six 24 Hours of Le Mans and finished twice as runner-up in the Formula One World Championship.",
"Belgium also has a strong reputation in motocross.",
"Sporting events annually held in Belgium include the Memorial Van Damme athletics competition, the Belgian Grand Prix Formula One, and a number of classic cycle races such as the Tour of Flanders and Liège–Bastogne–Liège.",
"The 1920 Summer Olympics were held in Antwerp."
] | [] |
Abstract | Under which administration did the Watergate scandal occur? | Watergate scandal | true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
0,
1,
2,
3,
4,
6,
7,
8,
11
] | [
"The Watergate scandal was a major political scandal that occurred in the United States in the 1970s as a result of the June 17, 1972 break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate office complex in Washington, D.C., and the Nixon administration's attempted cover-up of its involvement.",
"The term \"Watergate\" has come to encompass an array of clandestine and often illegal activities undertaken by members of the Nixon administration.",
"Those activities included \"dirty tricks\" such as bugging the offices of political opponents and people of whom Nixon or his officials were suspicious.",
"Nixon and his close aides ordered harassment of activist groups and political figures, using the FBI, CIA, and the Internal Revenue Service.",
"The scandal led to the discovery of multiple abuses of power by the Nixon administration, articles of impeachment, and the resignation of Republican Richard Nixon, the President of the United States, on August 9, 1974—the only resignation of a U.S. president to date.",
"The scandal also resulted in the indictment, trial, conviction, and incarceration of 43 people, dozens of whom were Nixon's top administration officials.",
"The affair began with the arrest of five men for breaking and entering into the Democratic National Committee (DNC) headquarters at the Watergate complex on June 17, 1972.",
"The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) connected cash found on the burglars to a slush fund used by the Committee for the Re-Election of the President, the official organization of Nixon's campaign.",
"In July 1973, as evidence mounted against the president's staff, including testimony provided by former staff members in an investigation conducted by the Senate Watergate Committee, it was revealed that President Nixon had a tape-recording system in his offices and he had recorded many conversations.",
"After a protracted series of bitter court battles, the U.S. Supreme Court unanimously ruled that the president had to hand over the tapes to government investigators; he ultimately complied.",
"Recordings from these tapes implicated the president, revealing he had attempted to cover up the questionable goings-on that had taken place after the break-in.",
"Facing near-certain impeachment in the House of Representatives and equally certain conviction by the Senate, Nixon resigned the presidency on August 9, 1974.",
"His successor, Gerald Ford, then issued a pardon to him on September 8, 1974.",
"The name \"Watergate\" and the suffix \"-gate\" have since become synonymous with political scandals in the United States and in other English- and non-English-speaking nations as well."
] | [] |
Holidays | In the month of August Swedes have Kraftskivor. What is this? | Sweden | false | 5COUNTRY
| [
4
] | [
"Apart from traditional Protestant Christian holidays, Sweden also celebrates some unique holidays, some of a pre-Christian tradition.",
"They include Midsummer celebrating the summer solstice; Walpurgis Night (\"Valborgsmässoafton\") on 30 April lighting bonfires; and Labour Day or Mayday on 1 May is dedicated to socialist demonstrations.",
"The day of giver-of-light Saint Lucia, 13 December, is widely acknowledged in elaborate celebrations which betoken its Italian origin and commence the month-long Christmas season.6 June is the National Day of Sweden and has since 2005 been a public holiday.",
"Furthermore, there are official flag day observances and a Namesdays in Sweden calendar.",
"In August many Swedes have \"kräftskivor\" (crayfish dinner parties).",
"Martin of Tours Eve is celebrated in Scania in November with \"Mårten Gås\" parties, where roast goose and \"svartsoppa\" ('black soup', made of goose stock, fruit, spices, spirits and goose blood) are served.",
"The Sami, one of Sweden's indigenous minorities, have their holiday on 6 February and Scania celebrate their Scanian Flag day on the third Sunday in July."
] | [
0
] |
Adult | Adult stem cells are cultivated for what purpose or purposes? | Stem cell | true | 8SCIENCE
| [
9,
10,
12
] | [
"Adult stem cells, also called somatic (from Greek Σωματικóς, \"of the body\") stem cells, are stem cells which maintain and repair the tissue in which they are found.",
"They can be found in children, as well as adults.",
"Pluripotent adult stem cells are rare and generally small in number, but they can be found in umbilical cord blood and other tissues.",
"Bone marrow is a rich source of adult stem cells, which have been used in treating several conditions including spinal cord injury, liver cirrhosis, chronic limb ischemia and endstage heart failure.",
"The quantity of bone marrow stem cells declines with age and is greater in males than females during reproductive years.",
"Much adult stem cell research to date has aimed to characterize their potency and self-renewal capabilities.",
"In mice, pluripotent stem cells are directly generated from adult fibroblast cultures.",
"However, mice do not live long with stem cell organs.",
"Most adult stem cells are lineage-restricted (multipotent) and are generally referred to by their tissue origin (mesenchymal stem cell, adipose-derived stem cell, endothelial stem cell, dental pulp stem cell, etc.",
"Adult stem cell treatments have been successfully used for many years to treat leukemia and related bone/blood cancers through bone marrow transplants.",
"Adult stem cells are also used in veterinary medicine to treat tendon and ligament injuries in horses.",
"The use of adult stem cells in research and therapy is not as controversial as the use of embryonic stem cells, because the production of adult stem cells does not require the destruction of an embryo.",
"Additionally, in instances where adult stem cells are obtained from the intended recipient (an autograft), the risk of rejection is essentially non-existent.",
"Consequently, more US government funding is being provided for adult stem cell research."
] | [
0
] |
Release | How much did the Usual suspects pullin domestically? | The Usual Suspects | true | 6MOVIES
| [
6
] | [
"Gramercy Pictures ran a pre-release promotion and advertising campaign before \"The Usual Suspects\" opened in the summer of 1995.",
"Word of mouth marketing was used to advertise the film, and buses and billboards were plastered with the simple question, \"Who is Keyser Söze?",
"\"The film was shown out of competition at the 1995 Cannes Film Festival and was well received by audiences and critics.",
"The film was then given an exclusive run in Los Angeles, where it took a combined $83,513, and New York City, where it made $132,294 on three screens in its opening weekend.",
"The film was then released in 42 theaters where it earned $645,363 on its opening weekend.",
"It averaged a strong $4,181 per screen at 517 theaters and the following week added 300 play dates.",
"It eventually made $23.3 million in North America."
] | [
5
] |
States and processes | The founders of thermodynamics preferred which approach to thermodynamic reasoning? | Thermodynamics | false | 8SCIENCE
| [
6
] | [
"There are three fundamental kinds of entity in thermodynamics, states of a system, processes of a system, and thermodynamic operations.",
"This allows three fundamental approaches to thermodynamic reasoning, that in terms of states of thermodynamic equilibrium of a system, and that in terms of time-invariant processes of a system, and that in terms of cyclic processes of a system.",
"The approach through states of thermodynamic equilibrium of a system requires a full account of the state of the system as well as a notion of process from one state to another of a system, but may require only an idealized or partial account of the state of the surroundings of the system or of other systems.",
"The method of description in terms of states of thermodynamic equilibrium has limitations.",
"For example, processes in a region of turbulent flow, or in a burning gas mixture, or in a Knudsen gas may be beyond \"the province of thermodynamics\".",
"This problem can sometimes be circumvented through the method of description in terms of cyclic or of time-invariant flow processes.",
"This is part of the reason why the founders of thermodynamics often preferred the cyclic process description.",
"Approaches through processes of time-invariant flow of a system are used for some studies.",
"Some processes, for example Joule-Thomson expansion, are studied through steady-flow experiments, but can be accounted for by distinguishing the steady bulk flow kinetic energy from the internal energy, and thus can be regarded as within the scope of classical thermodynamics defined in terms of equilibrium states or of cyclic processes.",
"Other flow processes, for example thermoelectric effects, are essentially defined by the presence of differential flows or diffusion so that they cannot be adequately accounted for in terms of equilibrium states or classical cyclic processes.",
"The notion of a cyclic process does not require a full account of the state of the system, but does require a full account of how the process occasions transfers of matter and energy between the principal system (which is often called the \"working body\") and its surroundings, which must include at least two heat reservoirs at different known and fixed temperatures, one hotter than the principal system and the other colder than it, as well as a reservoir that can receive energy from the system as work and can do work on the system.",
"The reservoirs can alternatively be regarded as auxiliary idealized component systems, alongside the principal system.",
"Thus an account in terms of cyclic processes requires at least four contributory component systems.",
"The independent variables of this account are the amounts of energy that enter and leave the idealized auxiliary systems.",
"In this kind of account, the working body is often regarded as a \"black box\", and its own state is not specified.",
"In this approach, the notion of a properly numerical scale of empirical temperature is a presupposition of thermodynamics, not a notion constructed by or derived from it."
] | [] |
Abstract | Who does Jackie have to juggle daily? | Nurse Jackie | false | 1TV
| [
3
] | [
"Nurse Jackie is an American medical dark satirical comedy-drama series.",
"It premiered on Showtime, Movie Central, and The Movie Network, on June 8, 2009.",
"The show stars Edie Falco as the title character Jackie Peyton, an emergency department nurse at All Saints' Hospital in New York City.",
"For Jackie, \"every day is a high wire act of juggling patients, doctors, fellow nurses, and her own indiscretions.\"",
"-->"
] | [
3
] |
Bird anatomy | Are there teeth in the beak of a bird? | Anatomy | true | 8SCIENCE
| [
5
] | [
"Birds are tetrapods but though their hind limbs are used for walking or hopping, their front limbs are wings covered with feathers and adapted for flight.",
"Birds are endothermic, have a high metabolic rate, a light skeletal system and powerful muscles.",
"The long bones are thin, hollow and very light.",
"Air sac extensions from the lungs occupy the centre of some bones.",
"The sternum is wide and usually has a keel and the caudal vertebrae are fused.",
"There are no teeth and the narrow jaws are adapted into a horn-covered beak.",
"The eyes are relatively large, particularly in nocturnal species such as owls.",
"They face forwards in predators and sideways in ducks.",
"The feathers are outgrowths of the epidermis and are found in localized bands from where they fan out over the skin.",
"Large flight feathers are found on the wings and tail, contour feathers cover the bird's surface and fine down occurs on young birds and under the contour feathers of water birds.",
"The only cutaneous gland is the single uropygial gland near the base of the tail.",
"This produces an oily secretion that waterproofs the feathers when the bird preens.",
"There are scales on the legs and feet and claws on the tips of the toes."
] | [] |
Casting | Which character was originally supposed to be a goth? | Silver Linings Playbook | true | 6MOVIES
| [
12,
13
] | [
"Russell initially intended to make the film with Vince Vaughn and Zooey Deschanel, but went on to make \"The Fighter\" instead.",
"Mark Wahlberg was set to work with Russell for the fourth time but had to drop out after delays in production created a scheduling conflict.",
"Russell had planned to work with Bradley Cooper on an adaptation of \"Pride and Prejudice and Zombies\", but that fell through.",
"Cooper's performance in \"Wedding Crashers\" impressed Russell, who noted his \"good bad-guy energy\", saying \"You're not sure where he's coming from.\"",
"Cooper told Russell \"he had been heavier and angrier and more fearful\" at the time of that performance and had drawn on those feelings for it.",
"Russell was excited that Cooper would bring those qualities to Pat Solatano.",
"Anne Hathaway was cast as Tiffany Maxwell but due to scheduling conflicts with \"The Dark Knight Rises\" and creative differences with Russell, she dropped out.",
"Other actresses who were considered for the part included Elizabeth Banks, Kirsten Dunst, Angelina Jolie, Blake Lively, Rooney Mara, Rachel McAdams, Andrea Riseborough and Olivia Wilde.",
"Russell did not believe Lawrence was suitable for the role and her audition was only a formality.",
"He thought Lawrence (21 at the time of filming) was too young to play against Cooper (37), but her audition changed his mind.",
"\"There's an expressiveness in her eyes and in her face, that many stars have to work for, that's ageless,\" he said.",
"Russell compares Lawrence to the character Tiffany, describing her as confident but one of the least neurotic people he knows, with the confidence and glimpses of vulnerability needed to play Tiffany.",
"Tiffany went through several iterations.",
"She was initially meant to be a goth.",
"Lawrence dyed her hair black and did test shoots in heavy goth makeup, but Harvey Weinstein balked at this.",
"The character remained messed-up yet confident, with small goth touches such as the dark hair and a cross.",
"To her surprise Russell asked Lawrence to put on weight for the role.",
"Russell also convinced her to speak in a lower register, despite Lawrence thinking her naturally low voice makes her sound like a \"chain-smoking hermit.",
"\"According to \"Entertainment Weekly\", Lawrence said she didn't have a handle on Tiffany at first, which was what excited her about the role.",
"\"She was just a character I 100 percent did not understand at all... She's like, 'I'm messed up, I'm not like everybody else, I've got issues.",
"Take it or leave it because I like myself.",
"Lawrence and Cooper had no previous dance experience.",
"In less than a month, Mandy Moore, a choreographer for \"So You Think You Can Dance\", taught them the dance sequences.",
"Moore describes Cooper as having \"some real natural dancing ability\" and Lawrence joked that before training began, she was a bad dancer, \"like I'm a dad at a prom.\"",
"Lawrence said of the climactic ballroom dance, \"None of that was improvised, absolutely not.",
"I'm a terrible dancer, so I would never have been able to do any of that.",
"When it finally came together, that scene really was just as fun as it feels.\""
] | [] |
Starting materials: the chemical elements of life | How many elements make up 99% of the mass of a human body? | Biochemistry | false | 8SCIENCE
| [
6
] | [
"Around two dozen of the 92 naturally occurring chemical elements are essential to various kinds of biological life.",
"Most rare elements on Earth are not needed by life (exceptions being selenium and iodine), while a few common ones (aluminum and titanium) are not used.",
"Most organisms share element needs, but there are a few differences between plants and animals.",
"For example ocean algae use bromine but land plants and animals seem to need none.",
"All animals require sodium, but some plants do not.",
"Plants need boron and silicon, but animals may not (or may need ultra-small amounts).",
"Just six elements—carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, calcium, and phosphorus—make up almost 99% of the mass of a human body (see composition of the human body for a complete list).",
"In addition to the six major elements that compose most of the human body, humans require smaller amounts of possibly 18 more."
] | [
5
] |
Background and composition | Who taught the oboe in the "small, rather stuffy music room" in the basement where Lennon and McCartney sat at the piano and composed 'I Want to Hold Your Hand'? | I Want to Hold Your Hand | false | 0MUSIC
| [
3
] | [
"Although it is said that Brian Epstein had encouraged Lennon and McCartney to write a song to appeal to American listeners this has been denied by George Martin.",
"McCartney had recently moved into 57 Wimpole Street, London, where he was living as a guest of Dr Richard and Margaret Asher, whose daughter, actress Jane Asher, had become McCartney’s girlfriend after meeting him earlier in the year.",
"This location briefly became Lennon and McCartney's new writing base, taking over from McCartney’s Forthlin Road home in Liverpool.",
"Margaret Asher taught the oboe in the \"small, rather stuffy music room\" in the basement where Lennon and McCartney sat at the piano and composed 'I Want to Hold Your Hand'.",
"In September 1980, Lennon told \"Playboy\" magazine:In 1994, McCartney agreed with Lennon's description of the circumstances surrounding the composition of \"I Want to Hold Your Hand\", saying:"
] | [
4,
3
] |
From Cantonese | Who originally ate Pho? | Pho | false | 9FOOD
| [
3
] | [
"Hue and Eugèn Gouin (1957) both define ' by itself as an abbreviation of '.",
"Elucidating on the 1931 dictionary, Gouin and Lê Ngọc Trụ (1970) both give ' as a corruption of ' (), which was commonly sold by Chinese immigrants in Hanoi.",
"Some scholars argue that pho (the dish) evolved from ', a Vietnamese dish common in Hanoi at the turn of the century.",
"Originally eaten by commoners near the Red River, it consisted of stir fried strips of water buffalo meat served in broth atop rice vermicelli.",
"Around 1908–1909, the shipping industry brought an influx of laborers.",
"Vietnamese and Chinese cooks set up ' to serve them ' but later switched to inexpensive scraps of beef set aside by butchers who sold to the French.",
"Chinese vendors advertised this ' by crying out, \"Beef and noodles!\"",
"().",
"Eventually the street cry became \"Meat and noodles!\"",
"(), with the last syllable elongated.",
"The French author Jean Marquet spells it \"!\"",
"in his 1919 novel \"Du village-à-la cité\".",
"This is likely what the Vietnamese poet Tản Đà calls \"\" in \"\" (\"Gambling\"), written around 1915–1917."
] | [
3
] |
Buena Vista Street | What is Buena Vista Street? | Disney California Adventure | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
0
] | [
"Buena Vista Street is the first \"themed district\" inside the main entrance of California Adventure Park, taking its name from the Burbank street on which the Walt Disney Studios are located.",
"Guests enter through the main entrance gate, which resembles the landmark Pan-Pacific Auditorium.",
"Buena Vista Street includes an immersive recreation of early 1920s Los Angeles when Walt Disney first arrived with Mission and Art Deco facades housing shops and restaurants.",
"A recreation of Carthay Circle Theater, which showcased the world premiere of \"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs\" in 1937 sits at the end of the street, serving as the visual anchor for the district.",
"The narrow gauge Red Car Trolley travels from the entry, up Buena Vista Street to Carthay Circle, then down Hollywood Boulevard towards the Tower of Terror.",
"Buena Vista Street was opened to the public on June 15, 2012."
] | [
0
] |
Female | What is the first name of the female ski jumper whose last name was Hafele? | Ski jumping | false | 4SPORT
| [
11
] | [
" Sarah Hendrickson",
" Sara Takanashi",
" Anette Sagen",
" Eva Ganster",
" Lindsey Van",
" Jessica Jerome",
" Daniela Iraschko",
" Elena Runggaldier",
" Evelyn Insam",
" Lisa Demetz",
" Coline Mattel",
" Anna Hafele",
" Magdalena Schnurr",
" Ulrike Grässler",
" Line Jahr",
" Jacqueline Seifriedsberger",
" Juliane Seyfarth",
" Eva Logar",
" Maja Vtič",
" Anja Tepeš",
" Špela Rogelj",
" Katja Požun",
" Urša Bogataj"
] | [
0
] |
Middle Ages | How long was the rule of Albert V of Austria | Austria | true | 5COUNTRY
| [
2
] | [
"In the 14th and 15th centuries, the Habsburgs began to accumulate other provinces in the vicinity of the Duchy of Austria.",
"In 1438 Duke Albert V of Austria was chosen as the successor to his father-in-law, Emperor Sigismund.",
"Although Albert himself only reigned for a year, henceforth every emperor of the Holy Roman Empire was a Habsburg, with only one exception.",
"The Habsburgs began also to accumulate lands far from the hereditary lands.",
"In 1477 Archduke Maximilian, only son of Emperor Frederick III, married the heiress Maria of Burgundy, thus acquiring most of the Netherlands for the family.",
"His son Philip the Fair married Joanna the Mad, the heiress of Castile and Aragon, and thus acquired Spain and its Italian, African and New World appendages for the Habsburgs.",
"In 1526 following the Battle of Mohács, Bohemia and the part of Hungary not occupied by the Ottomans came under Austrian rule.",
"Ottoman expansion into Hungary led to frequent conflicts between the two empires, particularly evident in the so-called Long War of 1593 to 1606.",
"The Turks made incursions into Styria nearly twenty times; burning, pillaging, and taking thousands ofslaves."
] | [
5
] |
Reaction to the assassination | How did the world react after John F Kennedy's assassination. | Assassination of John F. Kennedy | true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
0
] | [
"The assassination evoked stunned reactions worldwide.",
"Before the President's death was announced, the first hour after the shooting was a time of great confusion.",
"Taking place during the Cold War, it was at first unclear whether the shooting might be part of a larger attack upon the U.S., and whether Vice-President Lyndon Johnson, who had been riding two cars behind in the motorcade, was safe.",
"The news shocked the nation.",
"People wept openly and gathered in department stores to watch the television coverage, while others prayed.",
"Traffic in some areas came to a halt as the news spread from car to car.",
"Schools across the U.S. dismissed their students early.",
"Anger against Texas and Texans was reported from some individuals.",
"Various Cleveland Browns fans, for example, carried signs at the next Sunday's home game against the Dallas Cowboys decrying the city of Dallas as having \"killed the President\".",
"The event left a lasting impression on many Americans.",
"As with the December 7, 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor before it and the September 11, 2001 attacks after it, asking \"Where were you when you heard about President Kennedy's assassination\" would become a common topic of discussion."
] | [
5
] |
Critical reception | During which festival did Captain Phillips open? | Captain Phillips (film) | true | 6MOVIES
| [
1
] | [
"",
"\"Captain Phillips\" premiered on September 28, 2013, opening the 2013 New York Film Festival.",
"The film was praised for its direction, screenplay, production values, cinematography, and the performances of Tom Hanks and Barkhad Abdi.",
"\"Captain Phillips\" received widespread critical acclaim.",
"Film review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports a 93% approval critic response based on 235 reviews, with a \"Certified Fresh\" and an average score of 8.3/10.",
"The site's consensus reads: \"Smart, powerfully acted, and incredibly intense, \"Captain Phillips\" offers filmgoers a Hollywood biopic done right—and offers Tom Hanks a showcase for yet another brilliant performance.\"",
"Metacritic gives the film a score of 83/100 based on 48 reviews of a \"Universal Acclaim\".",
"The film was nominated for 4 Golden Globes, including Best Picture (Drama), Best Actor in a Drama (Hanks), Best Supporting Actor (Abdi) and Best Director (Greengrass).",
"It did not win in any of the categories.",
"The film was also nominated for 9 BAFTA Awards, including Best Film, Best Director (Greengrass), Best Actor (Hanks), Best Supporting Actor (Abdi) and Best Adapted Screenplay.",
"Abdi won the film's only BAFTA for Best Supporting Actor.",
"The film was also nominated for six Academy Awards; Best Picture, Best Supporting Actor (Abdi), Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Film Editing, Best Sound Mixing and Best Sound Editing.",
"It did not win in any of the categories."
] | [] |
1900–1960 | Why was there a lack of interest in Tammany Hall political machine? | Central Park | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
1
] | [
"Following completion, the park quickly slipped into decline.",
"One of the main reasons for this was the lack of interest of the Tammany Hall political machine, which was the largest political force in New York at the time.",
"Around the turn of the 20th century, the park faced several new challenges.",
"Cars were becoming commonplace, bringing with them their burden of pollution, and people's attitudes were beginning to change.",
"No longer were parks to be used only for walks and picnics in an idyllic environment, but now also for sports, and similar recreation.",
"Following the dissolution of the Central Park Commission in 1870 and Andrew Green's departure from the project, and the death of Vaux in 1895, the maintenance effort gradually declined, and there were few, if any, attempts to replace dead trees, bushes and plants, or worn-out lawn.",
"For several decades, authorities did little or nothing to prevent vandalism and the littering of the park.",
"All of this changed in 1934, when Republican Fiorello La Guardia was elected mayor of New York City and unified the five park-related departments then in existence.",
"Robert Moses was given the task of cleaning up the park.",
"Moses, about to become one of the mightiest men in New York City, took over what was essentially a relic, a leftover from a bygone era.",
"According to historian Robert Caro in his 1974 book \"The Power Broker\":",
"\"Lawns, unseeded, were expanses of bare earth, decorated with scraggly patches of grass and weeds, that became dust holes in dry weather and mud holes in wet….",
"The once beautiful Mall looked like a scene of a wild party the morning after.",
"Benches lay on their backs, their legs jabbing at the sky...\"",
"In a single year, Moses managed to clean up Central Park and other parks in New York City.",
"Lawns and flowers were replanted, dead trees and bushes were replaced, walls were sandblasted, and bridges repaired.",
"Another dramatic change was Moses's removal of the \"Hoover Valley\" shantytown, whose site was transformed into the Great Lawn.",
"Major redesigning and construction also was carried out: for instance, the Croton Lower Reservoir was filled in so the Great Lawn could be created.",
"The Greensward Plan's purpose of creating an idyllic landscape was combined with Moses' vision of a park to be used for recreational purposes—19 playgrounds, 12 ball fields, and handball courts were constructed.",
"Moses also managed to secure funds from the New Deal program, as well as donations from the public."
] | [
1
] |
Background | Who was in the music video for "Party Rock Anthem"? | Party Rock Anthem | true | 0MUSIC
| [
4
] | [
"Music video.",
"The music video was released on March 8, 2011 and was produced by the two members of LMFAO, Redfoo and SkyBlu, with the assistance of Shinzu Ai.",
"It was choreographed by, and featured, Quest Crew members Hokuto Konishi, Victor Kim, Ryan Conferido, Steve Terada, Aris Paracuelles, Brian Hirano and Ryan Feng.",
"The video is a parody of the 2002 horror film \"28 Days Later\".",
"Lauren Bennett, featured in the song, also appeared in the music video.",
"Director Mickey Finnegan described the concept: \"there's been an epidemic, the world has gone crazy, as soon as the song came out, everyone got possessed and all they want to do is to shuffle, everyone is a shuffler.\"",
"The video features the dancers performing the Melbourne Shuffle, which quickly gained popularity in the United States."
] | [
3
] |
Homeless camps | Who sought to borrow Oakland's helicopters to search for homeless camps? | Golden Gate Park | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
3
] | [
"The City of San Francisco has sometimes grappled with what to do about camps of homeless people living in Golden Gate Park, which have been criticized as unsanitary, and \"demoralizing\" for park users and workers.",
"The camps have been described by journalists as full of garbage, broken glass, hypodermic needles, and human excrement, and the people in them are described as suffering from serious addictions and often behaving aggressively with police and park gardeners.",
"There have been occasional incidents of violence against homeless people in the park, including the 2010 park beating to death of a homeless man and an attack on park visitors by dogs owned by a park resident, also in 2010.",
"In the 1990s, then-Mayor Willie Brown sought unsuccessfully to borrow the Oakland Police Department's helicopters in order to find homeless people's camps.",
"Starting in 1988 under then-mayor Art Agnos, and continuing under the direction of subsequent mayors including Frank Jordan, Willie Brown, and Gavin Newsom, San Francisco police have conducted intermittent sweeps of the park aimed at eliminating the camps.",
"Tactics have included information campaigns designed to inform homeless residents about city services available to help them; waking sleeping homeless people and making them leave the park; issuing citations for infractions and misdemeanors such as camping, trespassing, or public intoxication, which carry penalties of $75 to $100; and the seizure and removal from the park of homeless people's possessions.",
"The crackdowns have been criticized by anti-poverty activists and civil liberties groups, who say they attack only the symptoms of homelessness while ignoring its root causes, and criminalize the poor for their poverty while ignoring their property rights and constitutional rights.",
"In 2006, the American Civil Liberties Union brought a lawsuit against the city government on behalf of 10 homeless people, alleging property violations by the city during sweeps in Golden Gate Park the year before."
] | [
3
] |
History | What is the origin of the food, Shabu-shabu? | Shabu-shabu | false | 9FOOD
| [
2
] | [
"",
"\"Shabu-shabu\" was introduced in Japan in the 20th century with the opening of the restaurant \"Suehiro\"[http://www.e-suehiro.com/history/] in Osaka, where the name was invented.",
"Its origins are traced back to the Chinese hot pot known as \"shuan yang rou\".",
"\"Shabu-shabu\" is most similar to the original Chinese version when compared to other Japanese dishes (\"nabemono\") such as \"sukiyaki\" .",
"Suehiro registered the name as a trademark in 1955.",
"Together with \"sukiyaki\", \"shabu-shabu\" is a common dish in tourist hot-spots, especially in Tokyo, but also in local Japanese neighborhoods (colloquially called \"Little Tokyos\") in countries such as the United States and Canada."
] | [
0
] |
Production history | How was the Disney management downsized? | Disney's Hollywood Studios | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
11
] | [
"The Walt Disney Company's original concept of the Disney-MGM Studios was to operate it as a full fledged television and motion picture production facility, not just a theme park.",
"In 1988, among the first feature-length movies filmed at the facility, prior to its completion and opening as a theme park, were \"Ernest Saves Christmas\" and \"Newsies\".",
"When the park opened in 1989, the studio/production facilities housed two major components, the first of which was Walt Disney Feature Animation Florida, where Disney produced a number of projects, including \"Mulan\", \"Lilo & Stitch\", \"Brother Bear\", and sequences from other 1990s-early 2000s Disney animated features.",
"The second, larger component was Walt Disney Studios Florida, which consisted of three sound stages used for various Disney projects including The Disney Channel's \"Mickey Mouse Club\", \"Teen Win, Lose or Draw\" and \"Adventures in Wonderland\".",
"Several third party productions also used the Studios, including \"Superboy\" (first season only, from 1988–1989), \"Thunder in Paradise\", a revival of \"Let's Make a Deal\", special broadcasts of \"Wheel of Fortune\" and airplane interior sequences for the feature film \"Passenger 57\".",
"In addition, a number of music videos and several tapings for World Championship Wrestling (as well as live broadcasts of WCW Monday Nitro) were also shot there.",
"Even The Post Group had a Florida-based post-production facility located on the Studio lot throughout the 1990s.",
"All these production and post-production facilities were constructed to be an integral part of the theme park's Backstage Studio Tour as well.",
"During the closing credits of the \"Mickey Mouse Club\" (later, \"MMC\" in its final seasons) and \"Adventures in Wonderland\", the lit Disney-MGM water tower appeared on the screen and one of the cast said, \"(insert show title here) was taped at the Disney-MGM Studios at the Walt Disney World Resort, Lake Buena Vista, Florida.\"",
"Disney management (including CEO Michael Eisner) decided to downsize Disney's Florida operations by closing the animation studio, laying-off personnel and then moving the operations to the main animation studio in Burbank, California.",
"A radio studio is also located on the lot, appropriately behind \"Sounds Dangerous\".",
"It originally housed the first children's radio network Radio Aahs which rented the studio.",
"Later, Disney founded Radio Disney and essentially drove Radio Aahs out of business.",
"Radio Disney decided it was no longer profitable to operate in Florida so they moved all of their shows from the Disney-MGM Studios to the Radio Disney headquarters in Dallas, Texas and the once bustling Disney Studios Florida radio studios are now used as remote studios for radio shows that are visiting Disney or the Orlando area and need a broadcast facility."
] | [
5
] |
Abstract | Which release was the debut album by American alternative rock group The Fray? | How to Save a Life | false | 0MUSIC
| [
0
] | [
"How to Save a Life is the debut album by American alternative rock group The Fray.",
"Released on September 13, 2005 through Epic Records, the record charted in the top 15 on the \"Billboard\" 200 and was a top ten hit in Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand and the UK.",
"The first two singles from the album, \"Over My Head (Cable Car)\" and \"How to Save a Life\" helped the album become a commercial success and brought the band mainstream popularity.",
"Critical reception to the album was mixed.",
"The piano-rock style of the album drew comparisons with British piano-driven bands like Keane and Coldplay.",
"The album was certified double platinum by the RIAA, and was also certified platinum in Australia, Canada, New Zealand and in the UK.",
"The album went on to become the best-selling digital album of all time, breaking the record held previously by Coldplay's \"X&Y\".",
"It was ranked #21 on \"Billboard\"'s list of the \"Best Digital Albums of the Decade\"."
] | [] |
American nurses | By 1973, how many women had served in Vietnam? | Vietnam War | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
18
] | [
"Women in the Vietnam War.",
"American nurses.",
"During the Vietnam War, American women served on active duty doing a variety of jobs.",
"Early in 1963, the Army Nurse Corps (ANC) launched Operation Nightingale, an intensive effort to recruit nurses to serve in Vietnam.",
"Most nurses who volunteered to serve in Vietnam came from predominantly working or middle-class families with histories of military service.",
"The majority of these women were white Catholics and Protestants.",
"Because the need for medical aid was great, many nurses underwent a concentrated four-month training program before being deployed to Vietnam in the ANC.",
"Due to the shortage of staff, nurses usually worked twelve-hour shifts, six days per week and often suffered from exhaustion.",
"First Lieutenant Sharon Lane was the only female military nurse to be killed by enemy gunfire during the war, on 8 June 1969.",
"At the start of the Vietnam War, it was commonly thought that American women had no place in the military.",
"Their traditional place had been in the domestic sphere, but with the war came opportunity for the expansion of gender roles.",
"In Vietnam, women held a variety of jobs which included operating complex data processing equipment and serving as stenographers.",
"Although a small number of women were assigned to combat zones, they were never allowed directly in the field of battle.",
"The women who served in the military were solely volunteers.",
"They faced a plethora of challenges, one of which was the relatively small number of female soldiers.",
"Living in a male-dominated environment created tensions between the sexes.",
"While this high male to female ratio was often uncomfortable for women, many men reported that having women in the field with them boosted their morale.",
"Although this was not the women's purpose, it was one positive result of the their service.",
"By 1973, approximately 7,500 women had served in Vietnam in the Southeast Asian theater.",
"In that same year, the military lifted the prohibition on women entering the armed forces.",
"American women serving in Vietnam were subject to societal stereotypes.",
"Many Americans either considered females serving in Vietnam masculine for living under the army discipline, or judged them to be women of questionable moral character who enlisted for the sole purpose of seducing men.",
"To address this problem, the ANC released advertisements portraying women in the ANC as \"proper, professional and well protected.\"",
"(26) This effort to highlight the positive aspects of a nursing career reflected the ideas of second-wave feminism that occurred during the 1960s–1970s in the United States.",
"Although female military nurses lived in a heavily male environment, very few cases of sexual harassment were ever reported.",
"In 2008, by contrast, approximately one-third of women in the military felt that they had been sexually harassed compared with one-third of men."
] | [
5
] |
Sports | Name a popular sport in the UAE. | United Arab Emirates | false | 5COUNTRY
| [
0
] | [
"Football is a popular sport in the UAE.",
"Emirati football clubs Al-Ain, Al-Wasl, Al-Shabbab ACD, Al-Sharjah, Al-Wahda, and Al-Ahli are the most popular teams and enjoy the reputation of long-time regional champions.",
"The United Arab Emirates Football Association was first established in 1971 and since then has dedicated its time and effort to promoting the game, organizing youth programs and improving the abilities of not only its players, but of the officials and coaches involved with its regional teams.",
"The UAE national football team qualified for the FIFA World Cup in 1990 with Egypt.",
"It was the third consecutive World Cup with two Arab nations qualifying, after Kuwait and Algeria in 1982, and Iraq and Algeria again in 1986.",
"The UAE won the Gulf Cup Championship two times.",
"They won the first cup in January 2007 held in Abu Dhabi and has won the recent cup in January 2013 held in Bahrain.",
"Cricket is one of the most popular sports in the UAE, largely because of the expatriate population from the Indian subcontinent, the United Kingdom, and Australia.",
"The Sharjah Cricket Association Stadium in Sharjah has hosted 4 international test cricket matches so far.",
"Sheikh Zayed Cricket Stadium in Abu Dhabi also hosted international cricket matches.",
"Dubai has two cricket stadiums (Dubai Cricket Ground No.1 and No.2) with a third, the DSC Cricket Stadium as part of Dubai Sports City.",
"Dubai is also home to the International Cricket Council.",
"The UAE national cricket team qualified for the 1996 Cricket World Cup and narrowly missed out on qualification for the 2007 Cricket World Cup.",
"Formula One is particularly popular in the United Arab Emirates, and is annually held at the picturesque Yas Marina Circuit.",
"The race is held at evening time, and is the first ever Grand Prix to start in daylight and finish at night.",
"Other popular sports include camel racing, falconry, endurance riding, and tennis."
] | [] |
Description | Who is located to the right of Christ in Michaelangelo's The Last Judgment? | The Last Judgment (Michelangelo) | false | 3ART
| [
1
] | [
"At the centre of the work is a depiction of Christ, captured in the moment preceding that when the verdict of the Last Judgement is uttered.",
"To Christ's right is his mother, Virgin Mary, who turns her head in a gesture of resignation.",
"Surrounding Christ in a slow rotary movement are figures, identified as the saints and the elect of God.",
"Most notable are Saint Peter, holding the keys of Heaven and Saint Bartholomew with his own skin which is usually recognized as being a self-portrait of Michelangelo.",
"In the centre of the lower section are the angels of the Apocalypse who are wakening the dead to the sound of long trumpets.",
"On the left the risen recover their bodies as they ascend towards heaven, on the right angels and demons fight over making the damned fall down to hell.",
"Below this detail is Charon (here the work invokes Greek mythology; Charon sails the ferry down the Styx), leading the damned into hell where they are greeted by Minos (see below), whose body is wrapped in the coils of the serpent."
] | [
3
] |
Series overview | After the invasion on "Falling Skies", how many people were left? | Falling Skies | true | 1TV
| [
2
] | [
"",
"\"Falling Skies\" tells the story of the aftermath of a global invasion by extraterrestrials (including mechanical attack drones called \"mechs\", a species of green-skinned six-legged beings known as \"Skitters\" that appear to control the mechs, and a third mysterious species known as the Overlords, or \"espheni\", presumably the actual engineers of the invasion and the masters of the Skitters).",
"Within a few days the invaders neutralized the world's power grid and technology, destroyed the militaries of all the world's countries, and killed over 90% of the human population.",
"The aliens' objectives are not explained, though the aliens try to round up children between the ages of 8 and 18 and attach a biomechanical obedience device onto (and into) their spines, referred to as a \"harness\".",
"The harness controls the child's mind, and forcibly removing it generally kills the child.",
"The story begins six months after the invasion and follows a group of survivors who band together to fight back.",
"The group, known as the Second Massachusetts (an allusion to a historical regiment from the Continental Army), is led by retired U.S. Army Captain Dan Weaver and Boston University history professor Tom Mason who, while in search of his son Ben, must put his extensive knowledge of military history into practice as one of the leaders of the resistance movement."
] | [
5
] |
Box office | What non North American countries provided the biggest markets for the movie "Gravity?" | Gravity (film) | true | 6MOVIES
| [
7
] | [
"Preliminary reports predicted the film would open with takings of over $40 million in North America.",
"The film earned $1.4 million from its Thursday night showings, and reached $17.5 million on Friday.",
"\"Gravity\" topped the box office and broke \"Paranormal Activity 3\"s record as the highest-earning October and autumn openings ever, grossing $55.8 million.",
"80 percent of the film's opening weekend gross came from its 3D showings, which grossed $44 million.",
"$11.2 million20 percent of the receiptscame from IMAX 3D showings; the highest percentage ever for a film opening more than $50 million.",
"The film stayed at number one at the box office during its second and third weekends.",
"\"Gravity\" opened at number one in the United Kingdom, taking over the first weekend of release and remained there for the second week.",
"The film's largest markets outside North America were China ($71.2m), the United Kingdom ($47.0m) and France ($38.2m).",
"On February 17, 2014 the film grossed $700m worldwide.",
"As of March 30, 2014, \"Gravity\" has grossed $273,312,639 in North America and $442,300,000 in other countries, making a worldwide gross of $715,612,639making it the eighth-highest grossing film of 2013."
] | [
0
] |
Synchronized diving | how similar are simultaneous dives? | Diving | true | 4SPORT
| [
1,
2
] | [
"Synchronized diving was adopted as an Olympic sport in 2000.",
"Two divers form a team and perform dives simultaneously.",
"The dives are identical.",
"It used to be possible to dive opposites, also known as a pinwheel, but this is no longer part of competitive synchronized diving.",
"For example, one diver would perform a forward dive and the other an inward dive in the same position, or one would do a reverse and the other a back movement.",
"In these events, the diving would be judged both on the quality of execution and the synchronicity – in timing of take-off and entry, height and forward travel."
] | [
5
] |
Tourism | When was the Chilean National Museum of Fine Arts built on? | Chile | false | 5COUNTRY
| [
16
] | [
"Tourism in Chile has experienced sustained growth over the last few decades.",
"In 2005, tourism grew by 13.6 percent, generating more than 4.5 billion dollars of which 1.5 billion is attributed to foreign tourists.",
"According to the National Service of Tourism (Sernatur), 2 million people a year visit the country.",
"Most of these visitors come from other countries in the American continent, mainly Argentina; followed by a growing number from the United States, Europe, and Brazil with a growing number of Asians from South Korea and PR China.",
"The main attractions for tourists are places of natural beauty situated in the extreme zones of the country: San Pedro de Atacama, in the north, is very popular with foreign tourists who arrive to admire the Incaic architecture, the altiplano lakes, and the Valley of the Moon.",
"In Putre, also in the north, there is the Chungará Lake, as well as the Parinacota and the Pomerape volcanoes, with altitudes of 6,348 m and 6,282 m, respectively.",
"Throughout the central Andes there are many ski resorts of international repute, including Portillo, Valle Nevado and Termas de Chillán.",
"The main tourist sites in the south are national parks (the most popular is Conguillío National Park in the Araucanía) and the coastal area around Tirúa and Cañete with the Isla Mocha and the Nahuelbuta National Park, Chiloé Archipelago and Patagonia, which includes Laguna San Rafael National Park, with its many glaciers, and the Torres del Paine National Park.",
"The central port city of Valparaíso, which is World Heritage with its unique architecture, is also popular.",
"Finally, Easter Island in the Pacific Ocean is one of the main Chilean tourist destinations.",
"For locals, tourism is concentrated mostly in the summer (December to March), and mainly in the coastal beach towns.",
"Arica, Iquique, Antofagasta, La Serena and Coquimbo are the main summer centres in the north, and Pucón on the shores of Lake Villarrica is the main centre in the south.",
"Because of its proximity to Santiago, the coast of the Valparaíso Region, with its many beach resorts, receives the largest number of tourists.",
"Viña del Mar, Valparaíso's northern affluent neighbor, is popular because of its beaches, casino, and its annual song festival, the most important musical event in Latin America.",
"Pichilemu in the O'Higgins Region is widely known as South America's \"best surfing spot\" according to Fodor's.",
"In November 2005 the government launched a campaign under the brand \"Chile: All Ways Surprising\" intended to promote the country internationally for both business and tourism.",
"Museums in Chile such as the Chilean National Museum of Fine Arts built in 1880, feature works by Chilean artists."
] | [
2
] |
Cloning unicellular organisms | How many cellular organisms are needed for cloning? | Cloning | false | 8SCIENCE
| [
1,
2,
6
] | [
"Cell cloning.",
"Cloning unicellular organisms.",
"Cloning a cell means to derive a population of cells from a single cell.",
"In the case of unicellular organisms such as bacteria and yeast, this process is remarkably simple and essentially only requires the inoculation of the appropriate medium.",
"However, in the case of cell cultures from multi-cellular organisms, cell cloning is an arduous task as these cells will not readily grow in standard media.",
"A useful tissue culture technique used to clone distinct lineages of cell lines involves the use of cloning rings (cylinders).",
"According to this technique, a single-cell suspension of cells that have been exposed to a mutagenic agent or drug used to drive selection is plated at high dilution to create isolated colonies; each arising from a single and potentially clonal distinct cell.",
"At an early growth stage when colonies consist of only a few of cells, sterile polystyrene rings (cloning rings), which have been dipped in grease are placed over an individual colony and a small amount of trypsin is added.",
"Cloned cells are collected from inside the ring and transferred to a new vessel for further growth."
] | [
5
] |
Homeostasis | How does a biological system react after detecting a perturbation? | Biology | true | 8SCIENCE
| [
3
] | [
"Homeostasis is the ability of an open system to regulate its internal environment to maintain stable conditions by means of multiple dynamic equilibrium adjustments controlled by interrelated regulation mechanisms.",
"All living organisms, whether unicellular or multicellular, exhibit homeostasis.",
"To maintain dynamic equilibrium and effectively carry out certain functions, a system must detect and respond to perturbations.",
"After the detection of a perturbation, a biological system normally responds through negative feedback.",
"This means stabilizing conditions by either reducing or increasing the activity of an organ or system.",
"One example is the release of glucagon when sugar levels are too low."
] | [
5
] |
Genetic testing | What can genetic tests confirm or rule out? | Nucleic acid sequence | false | 8SCIENCE
| [
6
] | [
"The DNA in an organism's genome can be analyzed to diagnose vulnerabilities to inherited diseases, and can also be used to determine a child's paternity (genetic father) or a person's ancestry.",
"Normally, every person carries two variations of every gene, one inherited from their mother, the other inherited from their father.",
"The human genome is believed to contain around 20,000 - 25,000 genes.",
"In addition to studying chromosomes to the level of individual genes, genetic testing in a broader sense includes biochemical tests for the possible presence of genetic diseases, or mutant forms of genes associated with increased risk of developing genetic disorders.",
"Genetic testing identifies changes in chromosomes, genes, or proteins.",
"Usually, testing is used to find changes that are associated with inherited disorders.",
"The results of a genetic test can confirm or rule out a suspected genetic condition or help determine a person's chance of developing or passing on a genetic disorder.",
"Several hundred genetic tests are currently in use, and more are being developed."
] | [
0
] |
Season 4 | What conflict arose between Cary of The Good Wife and Lockhart & Gardner? | The Good Wife | true | 1TV
| [
2,
3,
4
] | [
"Season 4 focuses on Lockhart & Gardner's efforts to come out from bankruptcy after rival lawyers Louis Canning and Patti Nyholm team up to take them down.",
"A trustee, Clarke Hayden, is appointed to watch over the firm, but Will and Diane are not happy once he starts getting in their way.",
"Trying to gain money, the firm offers partnership to some associates, because they need their initial payment.",
"When the debt is cleared, only Alicia is made partner and the other offers are delayed.",
"Feeling angry, Cary teams up with the other four-years to start a new firm.",
"Meanwhile, Peter Florrick runs for Governor.",
"Eli is once again leading his campaign, although things get complicated when he finds out he is being investigated.",
"Alicia befriends Maddi Haylord, who sponsors her husband's campaign, but ultimetely it turns out she is running up against him and Mike Kresteva.",
"In a B plot Kalinda's past comes to haunt her in the form of her husband Nick.",
"Once he starts threatening people in her life, she needs to get rid of him.",
"The firm also hires a new investigator to help her at work - Robyn Burdine.",
"On top of all, Alicia is back with Peter, but having a hard time supressing her feelings for Will."
] | [
0
] |
Events | The title of 'Hero City' was given to which Soviet City first? | Operation Barbarossa | true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
21
] | [
"Looking back near the end of the war, as Germany's inevitable and impending defeat loomed ever closer, Hitler attributed great blame to Mussolini's Greek fiasco as the cause of his own subsequent catastrophe.",
"Shirer argues that the fatal decision of the operation was the postponement from the original date of 15 May because Hitler wanted to intervene against an anti-German coup in Yugoslavia and Greek advances against Italy's occupation of Albania.",
"As an explanation of Germany's calamitous defeat in the Soviet Union, this had little to commend it.",
"But, although the diversion of German resources into Greece just prior to the attack on the Soviet Union scarcely helped the latter enterprise, Mussolini's foolishness did not undermine 'Barbarossa' before the operation started.",
"During the campaign, Hitler ordered the main thrust toward Moscow to be diverted southward to help the Southern Army Group capture Ukraine.",
"This move delayed the assault on the Soviet capital, though it also helped secure Army Group Center's southern flank.",
"By the time they turned to Moscow, the Red Army's fierce resistance, the mud following the autumn rains and, eventually, snow, brought their advance to a halt.",
"In addition, resistance by the Soviets, who proclaimed a \"Great Patriotic War\" in defense of the motherland, was much more fierce than the German command had expected.",
"The border fortress of Brest, Belarus illustrates that tenacity: attacked on the very first day of the German invasion, the fortress was expected to fall within hours, but held out over a week.",
"(Soviet propaganda later asserted it held out for six weeks).",
"German logistics also became a major problem, as supply lines grew very long and vulnerable to partisan attacks in the rear.",
"The Soviets also carried out a scorched earth policy on some of the land they were forced to abandon in order to deny the Germans food, fuel and buildings.",
"Despite the setbacks, the German advance continued, often destroying or surrounding whole armies of Soviet troops and forcing them to surrender.",
"The battle for Kiev was especially brutal.",
"On 19 September, Army Group South seized control of Kiev, and took 665,000 prisoners.",
"Kiev was later awarded the title Hero City for its defense.",
"Army Group North, which was to conquer the Baltic countries and eventually Leningrad, reached the southern outskirts of Leningrad by August 1941.",
"There, fierce Soviet resistance stopped it.",
"Since capturing the city seemed too costly, German command decided to starve the city to death by blockade, starting the Siege of Leningrad.",
"The city held out, despite several attempts by the Germans to break through its defenses, unrelenting air and artillery attacks, and severe shortages of food and fuel, until the Germans were driven back from the city's approaches in early 1944.",
"The siege resulted in the deaths of some one million of the city's inhabitants.",
"Leningrad was the first Soviet city to receive the title of 'Hero City'.",
"In addition to the main attacks of \"Barbarossa\", German forces occupied the Finnish district of Petsamo in order to secure its important nickel mines.",
"They also launched a series of attacks against Murmansk beginning on 28 June 1941, known as Operation Silberfuchs."
] | [] |
Description | Which insect did Dali often use in his paintings, and what did they symbolize? | The Persistence of Memory | false | 3ART
| [
8
] | [
"The well-known surrealist piece introduced the image of the soft melting pocket watch.",
"It epitomizes Dalí's theory of \"softness\" and \"hardness\", which was central to his thinking at the time.",
"As Dawn Ades wrote, \"The soft watches are an unconscious symbol of the relativity of space and time, a Surrealist meditation on the collapse of our notions of a fixed cosmic order\".",
"This interpretation suggests that Dalí was incorporating an understanding of the world introduced by Albert Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity.",
"Asked by Ilya Prigogine whether this was in fact the case, Dalí replied that the soft watches were not inspired by the theory of relativity, but by the surrealist perception of a Camembert cheese melting in the sun.",
"Although fundamentally part of Dalí's Freudian phase, the imagery precedes his transition to his scientific phase by fourteen years, which occurred after the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945.",
"It is possible to recognize a human figure in the middle of the composition, in the strange \"monster\" that Dalí used in several contemporary pieces to represent himself – the abstract form becoming something of a self-portrait, reappearing frequently in his work.",
"The orange clock at the bottom left of the painting is covered in ants.",
"Dalí often used ants in his paintings as a symbol of decay.",
"The figure in the middle of the picture can be read as a \"fading\" creature, one that often appears in dreams where the dreamer cannot pinpoint the creature's exact form and composition.",
"One can observe that the creature has one closed eye with several eyelashes, suggesting that the creature is also in a dream state.",
"The iconography may refer to a dream that Dalí himself had experienced, and the clocks may symbolize the passing of time as one experiences it in sleep or the persistence of time in the eyes of the dreamer .",
"\"The Persistence of Memory\" employs \"the exactitude of realist painting techniques\" to depict imagery more likely to be found in dreams than in waking consciousness."
] | [
0
] |
Plot | What actor plays Hank in the movie Before the Midnight? | Before Midnight (film) | true | 6MOVIES
| [
1
] | [
"Nine years after the conclusion of \"Before Sunset\", Jesse (Hawke) and Céline (Delpy) are a couple and parents to twin girls conceived when they got together for the second time.",
"Jesse is also struggling to maintain his relationship with his teenage son, Hank (Davey-Fitzpatrick), who lives in Chicago with Jesse's ex-wife and who, after spending the summer with Jesse and Céline on the Greek Peloponnese peninsula, is being dropped off at the airport to fly home.",
"Jesse has continued to find success as a novelist, while Céline is at a career crossroads, considering a job with the French government.",
"After dropping off Hank at the airport, the couple discuss their worries about Hank having a healthy childhood and Céline deciding what to do with her career, before returning to the house of their Greek friend, Patrick (Lassally).",
"Over dinner they discuss ideas about love and life, and the other people staying with them buy Jesse and Céline a hotel room for that night so they can have some time alone.",
"While walking to the hotel, the couple reminisce about how they met and how their lives have changed since then.",
"When they arrive at the hotel, however, the two have a vicious argument, as both of them pour out their fears about a present and future together.Céline eventually storms out of the hotel room, telling Jesse she doesn't think she loves him anymore before sitting in the hotel's outdoor restaurant alone.",
"Jesse joins her and playfully tries to explain to her how things can be different from tonight.",
"Céline initially finds his attempts childish, saying that their fantasies will never match the imperfect reality their relationship constantly goes through.",
"Jesse then proclaims his love to her, saying that he loves her unconditionally and is not sure what else she could want from a relationship.",
"Céline suddenly resumes Jesse's joke and the two seem to reconcile."
] | [
0
] |
Cast | Who played Tim Hynes in the film? | Wake in Fright | false | 6MOVIES
| [
7
] | [
" Gary Bond as John Grant",
" Donald Pleasence as Doc Tydon",
" Chips Rafferty as Jock Crawford",
" Sylvia Kay as Janette Hynes",
" John Meillon as Charlie",
" Jack Thompson as Dick",
" Peter Whittle as Joe",
" Al Thomas as Tim Hynes",
" Dawn Lake as Joyce",
" John Armstrong as Atkins",
" Slim de Grey as Jarvis",
" Maggie Dence as receptionist",
" Norman Erskine as Joe the cook"
] | [
3
] |
Abstract | Who directed Moonrise Kingdom? | Moonrise Kingdom | true | 6MOVIES
| [
0
] | [
"Moonrise Kingdom is a 2012 American film directed by Wes Anderson, written by Anderson and Roman Coppola.",
"Described as an \"eccentric pubescent love story\", it features newcomers Jared Gilman and Kara Hayward in the film's main roles and an ensemble cast.",
"Filming took place in Rhode Island from April until June 29, 2011.",
"Worldwide rights to the independently-produced film were acquired by Focus Features.",
"The film received critical acclaim and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay.",
"It was also nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy."
] | [
3
] |
Middle Ages | How long did Duke Albert V of Austria reign? | Austria | false | 5COUNTRY
| [
2
] | [
"In the 14th and 15th centuries, the Habsburgs began to accumulate other provinces in the vicinity of the Duchy of Austria.",
"In 1438 Duke Albert V of Austria was chosen as the successor to his father-in-law, Emperor Sigismund.",
"Although Albert himself only reigned for a year, henceforth every emperor of the Holy Roman Empire was a Habsburg, with only one exception.",
"The Habsburgs began also to accumulate lands far from the hereditary lands.",
"In 1477 Archduke Maximilian, only son of Emperor Frederick III, married the heiress Maria of Burgundy, thus acquiring most of the Netherlands for the family.",
"His son Philip the Fair married Joanna the Mad, the heiress of Castile and Aragon, and thus acquired Spain and its Italian, African and New World appendages for the Habsburgs.",
"In 1526 following the Battle of Mohács, Bohemia and the part of Hungary not occupied by the Ottomans came under Austrian rule.",
"Ottoman expansion into Hungary led to frequent conflicts between the two empires, particularly evident in the so-called Long War of 1593 to 1606.",
"The Turks made incursions into Styria nearly twenty times; burning, pillaging, and taking thousands ofslaves."
] | [
5
] |
Location and visiting | What is needed to be allowed to climb staircase in the crown of the statue of liberty? | Statue of Liberty | true | 2TRAVEL
| [
11
] | [
"Access and attributes.",
"Location and visiting.",
"The statue is situated in Upper New York Bay on Liberty Island, south of Ellis Island.",
"Both islands were ceded by New York to the federal government in 1800.",
"As agreed in an 1834 compact between New York and New Jersey that set the state border at the bay's midpoint, the original islands remain New York territory despite their location on the New Jersey side of the state line.",
"Land created by reclamation at Ellis is New Jersey territory.",
"No charge is made for entrance to Statue of Liberty National Monument, but there is a cost for the ferry service that all visitors must use, as private boats may not dock at the island.",
"A concession was granted in 2007 to Statue Cruises to operate the transportation and ticketing facilities, replacing Circle Line, which had operated the service since 1953.",
"The ferries, which depart from Liberty State Park in Jersey City and Battery Park in Lower Manhattan, also stop at Ellis Island when it is open to the public, making a combined trip possible.",
"All ferry riders are subject to security screening, similar to airport procedures, prior to boarding.",
"Visitors intending to enter the statue's base and pedestal must obtain a complimentary museum/pedestal ticket along with their ferry ticket.",
"Those wishing to climb the staircase within the statue to the crown purchase a special ticket, which may be reserved up to a year in advance.",
"A total of 240 people per day are permitted to ascend: ten per group, three groups per hour.",
"Climbers may bring only medication and cameras—lockers are provided for other items—and must undergo a second security screening."
] | [
0
] |
Shish | What does "kebab" usually refer to? | Kebab | false | 9FOOD
| [
4
] | [
"Shish kebab (\"Şiş\", pronounced , meaning \"skewer\" is a Turkish word.)",
"is a dish consisting of meat threaded on a skewer and grilled.",
"Any kind of meat may be used; cubes of fruit or vegetables are often threaded on the spit as well.",
"Typical vegetables include tomato, bell pepper, onions, and mushrooms.",
"In the USA, the word \"kebab\" usually refers to shish kebab."
] | [
0
] |
Origins | What is the origin of the game tug of war? | Tug of war | true | 4SPORT
| [
0
] | [
"The origins of tug of war are uncertain, but it is beyond dispute that this once royal sport was practised in ancient Egypt, Greece and China, where it was held in legend that the Sun and Moon played Tug of War over the light and darkness.",
"It is also widely believed the sport was made popular in Great Britain by Lord Elliott Simpson, in the 16th Century.",
"Simpson was a keen tugger.",
"According to a Tang dynasty book, The Notes of Feng, tug of war, under the name \"hook pulling\"(牵钩), was used by the military commander of the State of Chu during the Spring and Autumn Period (8th century BC to 5th century BC) to train warriors.",
"During the Tang dynasty, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang promoted large-scale tug of war games, using ropes of up to 167 meters or (547.9 feet) with shorter ropes attached and more than 500 people on each end of the rope.",
"Each side also had its own team of drummers to encourage the participants.",
"In ancient Greece the sport was called \"helkustinda\" (Greek: ἑλκυστίνδα), \"efelkustinda\" (ἐφελκυστίνδα) and \"dielkustinda\" (διελκυστίνδα), which derives from \"dielkō\" (διέλκω), meaning amongst others \"I pull through\", all deriving from the verb \"helkō\" (ἕλκω), \"I draw, I pull\".",
"\"Helkustinda\" and \"efelkustinda\" seem to have been ordinary versions of tug of war, while \"dielkustinda\" had no rope, according to Julius Pollux.",
"It is possible that the teams held hands when pulling, which would have increased difficulty, since handgrips are more difficult to sustain than a grip of a rope.",
"Tug of war games in ancient Greece were among the most popular games used for strength and would help build strength needed for battle in full armor.",
"Archeological evidence shows that tug of war was also popular in India in 12th century AD:Tug of war stories about heroic champions from Scandinavia and Germany circulate Western Europe where Viking warriors pull animal skins over open pits of fire in tests of strength and endurance in preparation for battle and plunder.1500 and 1600 – tug of war is popularised during tournaments in French châteaux gardens and later in Great Britain1800 – tug of war begins a new tradition among seafaring men who were required to tug on lines to adjust sails while ships were under way and even in battle.",
"The Mohave Indians occasionally used tug-of-war matches as means of settling disputes.",
"The \"Oxford English Dictionary\" says that the phrase \"tug of war\" originally meant \"the decisive contest; the real struggle or tussle; a severe contest for supremacy\".",
"Only in the 19th century was it used as a term for an athletic contest between two teams who haul at the opposite ends of a rope."
] | [
0
] |
Middle distance | What are the most common middle-distance track events? | Track and field | false | 4SPORT
| [
0
] | [
"The most common middle-distance track events are the 800 metres, 1500 metres and mile run, although the 3000 metres may also be classified as a middle-distance event.",
"The 880 yard run, or half mile, was the forebear of the 800 m distance and it has its roots in competitions in the United Kingdom in the 1830s.",
"The 1500 m came about as a result of running three laps of a 500 m track, which was commonplace in continental Europe in the 20th century.",
"Runners start the race from a standing position along a curved starting line and after hearing the starter's pistol they head towards the innermost track to follow the quickest route to the finish.",
"In 800 m races athletes begin at a staggered starting point before the turn in the track and they must remain in their lanes for the first 100 m of the race.",
"This rule was introduced to reduce the amount of physical jostling between runners in the early stages of the race.",
"Physiologically, these middle-distance events demand that athletes have good aerobic and anaerobic energy producing systems, and also that they have strong speed endurance.",
"The 1500 m and mile run events have historically been some of the most prestigious track and field events.",
"Swedish rivals Gunder Hägg and Arne Andersson broke each other's 1500 m and mile world records on a number of occasions in the 1940s.",
"The prominence of the distances were maintained by Roger Bannister, who (in 1954) was the first to run the long-elusive four-minute mile, and Jim Ryun's exploits served to popularise interval training.",
"Races between British rivals Sebastian Coe, Steve Ovett and Steve Cram characterised middle-distance running in 1980s.",
"From the 1990s onwards, North Africans such as Noureddine Morceli of Algeria and Hicham El Guerrouj of Morocco came to dominate the 1500 and mile events.",
"Beyond the short distances of sprinting events, factors such as an athlete's reactions and top speed becomes less important, while qualities such as pace, race tactics and endurance become more so."
] | [
0
] |
Cultural aftermath and wreckage | What year did the movie depicting the Titanic by James Cameron premier? | Sinking of the RMS Titanic | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
3
] | [
"",
"\"Titanic\"'s sinking became a cultural phenomenon, commemorated by numerous artists, film-makers, writers, composers, musicians and dancers from the time immediately after the sinking to the present day.",
"On 1 September 1985 a joint US-French expedition led by Robert Ballard found the wreck of \"Titanic\", and the ship's rediscovery led to an explosion of interest in \"Titanic\"s story.",
"In 1997, James Cameron's eponymous film became the first movie ever to take $1 billion at the box office, and the became the best selling soundtrack recording of all time.",
"Numerous expeditions have been launched to film the wreck and, controversially, to salvage objects from the debris field.",
"Although many artefacts have been recovered and conserved, the wreck itself is steadily decaying, turning to oxide at a typical marine rate of 0.5-1 ton per day (assuming one ten-thousandth of an inch per day on all surfaces).",
"In time, \"Titanic\"s structure will collapse into a pile of iron and steel fragments.",
"Eventually she will be reduced to a spot of rust on the seabed, with the remaining scraps of the ship's hull mingled with her more durable fittings, like her propellers, the bronze capstans and the telemotor."
] | [
0
] |
Specialties | What are the Royal Colleges? | Medicine | true | 8SCIENCE
| [
0,
1,
2
] | [
"In the broadest meaning of \"medicine\", there are many different specialties.",
"In the UK, most specialities have their own body or college, which have its own entrance examination.",
"These are collectively known as the Royal Colleges, although not all currently use the term \"Royal\".",
"The development of a speciality is often driven by new technology (such as the development of effective anaesthetics) or ways of working (such as emergency departments); the new specialty leads to the formation a unifying body of doctors and the prestige of administering their own examination.",
"Within medical circles, specialities usually fit into one of two broad categories: \"Medicine\" and \"Surgery.\"",
"\"Medicine\" refers to the practice of non-operative medicine, and most of its subspecialties require preliminary training in Internal Medicine.",
"In the UK, this was traditionally evidenced by passing the examination for the Membership of the Royal College of Physicians (MRCP) or the equivalent college in Scotland or Ireland.",
"\"Surgery\" refers to the practice of operative medicine, and most subspecialties in this area require preliminary training in General Surgery, which in the UK leads to membership of the Royal College of Surgeons of England (MRCS).",
"At present, some specialties of medicine do not fit easily into either of these categories, such as radiology, pathology, or anesthesia.",
"Most of these have branched from one or other of the two camps above; for example anaesthesia developed first as a faculty of the Royal College of Surgeons (for which MRCS/FRCS would have been required) before becoming the Royal College of Anaesthetists and membership of the college is attained by sitting the examination of the Fellowship of the Royal College of Anesthetists (FRCA)."
] | [
0
] |
Abstract | What is the northern Mexican variant of the dish called? | Fajita | false | 9FOOD
| [
5
] | [
"A fajita (; ) is a term found in Tex-Mex cuisine, commonly referring to any grilled meat usually served as a taco on a flour or corn tortilla.",
"The term originally referred to the cut of beef used in the dish which is known as skirt steak.",
"Popular meats today also include chicken, pork, shrimp, and all cuts of beef.",
"In restaurants, the meat is often cooked with onions and bell peppers.",
"Popular condiments are shredded lettuce, sour cream, guacamole, salsa, pico de gallo, cheese, and tomato.",
"The northern Mexican variant of the dish name is Arrachera."
] | [
0
] |
U.S. National Park Service | when was the national park service formed? | Yosemite National Park | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
0
] | [
"The National Park Service was formed in 1916, and Yosemite was transferred to that agency's jurisdiction.",
"Tuolumne Meadows Lodge, Tioga Pass Road, and campgrounds at Tenaya and Merced lakes were also completed in 1916.",
"Automobiles started to enter the park in ever-increasing numbers following the construction of all-weather highways to the park.",
"The Yosemite Museum was founded in 1926 through the efforts of Ansel Franklin Hall.",
"In 1903, a dam in the northern portion of the park was proposed.",
"Located in the Hetch Hetchy Valley, its purpose was to provide water and hydroelectric power to San Francisco.",
"Muir and the Sierra Club opposed the project, while others, including Gifford Pinchot, supported it.",
"In 1913, the U.S. Congress authorized the O'Shaughnessy Dam through passage of the Raker Act.",
"In the late 1920s, in an attempt that would be impossible to make today, a bid for Yosemite for the 1932 Winter Olympics was put forward.",
"(Ultimately, Lake Placid, New York, hosted.",
")More recently, preservationists persuaded Congress to designate , or about 89% of the park, as the Yosemite Wilderness—a highly protected wilderness area.",
"The Park Service has reduced artificial inducements to visit the park, such as the \"Firefall\", in which red-hot embers were pushed off a cliff near Glacier Point at night.",
"Traffic congestion in Yosemite Valley during the summer months has become a concern.",
"Two electric buses commenced service in September 1995.",
"The buses are quiet and do not emit pollutants.",
"Eventually, all the buses in Yosemite will be electric.",
"The 1996 Yosemite Valley Landslide killed a hiker and the January 1997 Merced River flood damaged many roads and several campgrounds."
] | [
2
] |
Religion | Which religion was one of the earliest practiced religions? | South Korea | true | 5COUNTRY
| [
4
] | [
"As of 2005, just under half of the South Korean population expressed no religious preference.",
"Of the rest, most are Buddhist or Christian.",
"According to the 2007 census, 29.2% of the population at that time was Christian (18.3% identified themselves as Protestants, 10.9% as Roman Catholics), and 22.8% were Buddhist.",
"Other religions include Islam and various new religious movements such as Jeungsanism, Cheondoism and Wonbuddhism.",
"The earliest religion practiced was Korean shamanism.",
"Today, freedom of religion is guaranteed by the constitution, and there is no state religion.",
"Christianity is South Korea's largest religion, accounting for more than half of all South Korean religious adherents.",
"There are approximately 13.7 million Christians in South Korea today, about 63% of Christians belong to Protestant churches, while about 37% belong to the Roman Catholic Church.",
"The number of Protestant Christians have slowly decreased since 1990s, while the number of Roman Catholics has rapidly increased since 1980s.",
"Presbyterian denominations are the biggest Christian denominations in South Korea.",
"About 9 million people belongs to the 100 different Presbyterian churches, among the biggest denominations are the Presbyterian Church in Korea (HapDong), Presbyterian Church in Korea (TongHap), the Presbyterian Church in Korea (Koshin).",
"For more information see Presbyterianism in South Korea.",
"South Korea is also the second-largest missionary-sending nation, after the United States.",
"Buddhism was introduced to Korea in the year 372.",
"According to the national census as of 2005, South Korea has over Buddhists.",
"Today, about 90% of Korean Buddhists belong to Jogye Order.",
"Most of the National Treasures of South Korea are Buddhist artifacts.",
"Buddhism became the state religion in some of Korean kingdoms since the Three Kingdoms Period, when Goguryeo adopted it as the state religion in 372, followed by Baekche (528).",
"Buddhism had been the state religion of Unified Korea from North South States Period (not to be confused with the modern division of Korea) to Goryeo before suppression under the Joseon Dynasty in favor of Neo-Confucianism.",
"Fewer than 30,000 South Koreans are thought to be Muslims, but the country has some 100,000 resident foreign workers from Muslim countries, Bangladesh and Pakistan.",
"Korean shamanism, today known as Muism (religion of the mu ) or Sinism (religion of the gods) encompasses a variety of indigenous religious beliefs and practices of the Korean people and the Korean sphere.",
"In contemporary South Korea, the most used term is \"Muism\" and a shaman is known as a \"mudang\" (, ) or Tangol (당골).",
"Since the early 2000s, this religion has regained popularity among Koreans."
] | [] |
Traditional weapons routines | What does Emeici mean? | Wushu (sport) | true | 4SPORT
| [
8
] | [
"There is also a traditional weapons category, which often includes the following:",
"Changsuijian (長穗劍) – Long-Tasseled Sword",
"Shuangshoujian (雙手劍) – Two-Handed Sword",
"Jiujiebian (九節鞭) – Nine Section Whip",
"Sanjiegun (三節棍) – Three Section Staff",
"Shengbiao (繩鏢) – Rope Dart",
"Dadao (大刀) – Great Sword",
"Pudao (撲刀) – Horse Knife",
"Emeici (峨嵋刺) – Emei Daggers",
"Shuangdao (雙刀) – Double Broadsword",
"Shuangjian (雙劍) – Double Straight-Sword",
"Shuangbian (雙鞭) – Double Nine Section Whips",
"Shuanggou (雙鈎) – Double Hook-sword"
] | [
0
] |
Prediction of Peter's denial | Which gospels talk about the arrest of Jesus Peter? | Last Supper | true | 3ART
| [
1
] | [
"In , , and Jesus predicts that Peter will deny knowledge of him, stating that Peter will disown him three times before the rooster crows the next morning.",
"The three Synoptic Gospels mention that after the arrest of Jesus Peter denied knowing him three times, but after the third denial, heard the rooster crow and recalled the prediction as Jesus turned to look at him.",
"Peter then began to cry bitterly."
] | [] |
Media | Early German cinema was particularly influential with which German expressionists? | Germany | false | 5COUNTRY
| [
1
] | [
"German cinema dates back to the earliest years of the medium, it has made major technical and artistic contributions to film, as with the work of Max Skladanowsky, who showed the first film sequences ever to an audience, in 1895.",
"Early German cinema was particularly influential with German expressionists such as Robert Wiene and Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau.",
"Director Fritz Lang's \"Metropolis\" (1927) is referred to as the first modern science-fiction film.",
"In 1930 Josef von Sternberg directed \"The Blue Angel\", the first major German sound film.",
"During the 1970s and 1980s, New German Cinema directors such as Volker Schlöndorff, Werner Herzog, Wim Wenders, and Rainer Werner Fassbinder put West German cinema on the international stage.",
"The annual European Film Awards ceremony is held every other year in Berlin, home of the European Film Academy (EFA); the Berlin Film Festival, held annually since 1951, is one of the world's foremost film festivals.",
"In the 21st century, several German movies have had international success, such as \"Nowhere in Africa\" (2001), \"Das Experiment\" (2001), \"Good Bye, Lenin!\"",
"(2003), \"Gegen die Wand (Head-On)\" (2004), \"Der Untergang (Downfall)\" (2004), \"\" (2006), \"The Baader Meinhof Complex\" (2008), \"The Wave\" (2008), \"The White Ribbon\" (2009), \"Pandorum\" (2009), \"Soul Kitchen\" (2009), Animals United\" (2010), \"Combat Girls\" (2011) and \"Cloud Atlas\" (2012).",
"The Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film went to the German production \"Die Blechtrommel (The Tin Drum)\" in 1979, to \"Nowhere in Africa\" in 2002, and to \"Das Leben der Anderen (The Lives of Others)\" in 2007.",
"Germany's television market is the largest in Europe, with some 34 million TV households.",
"Around 90% of German households have cable or satellite TV, with a variety of free-to-view public and commercial channels.",
"The most watched television broadcast of all-time in Germany was the Germany vs Spain semi-fnal game of the 2010 FIFA World Cup.",
"Nine out of ten of the top ten most watched television broadcasts of all-time in Germany feature the German national football team.",
"The German video gaming market is one of the largest in the world.",
"The Gamescom in Cologne is Europe's leading gaming convention.",
"Popular game series from Germany include Turrican, the Anno series, The Settlers series, the Gothic series, SpellForce, the X series, the FIFA Manager series, Far Cry and Crysis.",
"The most relevant game developers and publishers are Ascaron, Bigpoint, Blue Byte, Crytek, Deck13, Deep Silver, EA Phenomic, Gameforge, Nintendo Europe, Piranha Bytes, Radon, Related, Spellbound and Wooga."
] | [] |
Pass | What are the 2 specific techniques in volleyball? | Volleyball | false | 4SPORT
| [
1,
2
] | [
"Also called reception, the pass is the attempt by a team to properly handle the opponent's serve, or any form of attack.",
"Proper handling includes not only preventing the ball from touching the court, but also making it reach the position where the setter is standing quickly and precisely.",
"The skill of passing involves fundamentally two specific techniques: underarm pass, or bump, where the ball touches the inside part of the joined forearms or platform, at waist line; and overhand pass, where it is handled with the fingertips, like a set, above the head.",
"Either are acceptable in professional and beach volleyball, however there are much tighter regulations on the overhand pass in beach volleyball."
] | [
0
] |
Description | What is The Persistence of Memory an image of? | The Persistence of Memory | false | 3ART
| [
0
] | [
"The well-known surrealist piece introduced the image of the soft melting pocket watch.",
"It epitomizes Dalí's theory of \"softness\" and \"hardness\", which was central to his thinking at the time.",
"As Dawn Ades wrote, \"The soft watches are an unconscious symbol of the relativity of space and time, a Surrealist meditation on the collapse of our notions of a fixed cosmic order\".",
"This interpretation suggests that Dalí was incorporating an understanding of the world introduced by Albert Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity.",
"Asked by Ilya Prigogine whether this was in fact the case, Dalí replied that the soft watches were not inspired by the theory of relativity, but by the surrealist perception of a Camembert cheese melting in the sun.",
"Although fundamentally part of Dalí's Freudian phase, the imagery precedes his transition to his scientific phase by fourteen years, which occurred after the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945.",
"It is possible to recognize a human figure in the middle of the composition, in the strange \"monster\" that Dalí used in several contemporary pieces to represent himself – the abstract form becoming something of a self-portrait, reappearing frequently in his work.",
"The orange clock at the bottom left of the painting is covered in ants.",
"Dalí often used ants in his paintings as a symbol of decay.",
"The figure in the middle of the picture can be read as a \"fading\" creature, one that often appears in dreams where the dreamer cannot pinpoint the creature's exact form and composition.",
"One can observe that the creature has one closed eye with several eyelashes, suggesting that the creature is also in a dream state.",
"The iconography may refer to a dream that Dalí himself had experienced, and the clocks may symbolize the passing of time as one experiences it in sleep or the persistence of time in the eyes of the dreamer .",
"\"The Persistence of Memory\" employs \"the exactitude of realist painting techniques\" to depict imagery more likely to be found in dreams than in waking consciousness."
] | [
0
] |
In popular culture | Which computer game's DLC contains the song "Jingle Bell Rock" at the end? | Jingle Bell Rock | true | 0MUSIC
| [
13
] | [
" It is the opening theme from the 1987 film \"Lethal Weapon\".",
" Dr. Teeth and The Electric Mayhem performed the song in the 1987 Christmas television special \"A Muppet Family Christmas\".",
" Helms' original recording is featured in the film \"Cookie\" (1989).",
" The song was covered in \"The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!\"",
"episode \"Koopa Klaus\" in 1989.",
" The song was featured in the 1992 film \"\".",
" \"Jingle Bell Rock\" is an animated Christmas special first seen in 1995 on ABC, which was produced by DIC Entertainment and featured Milton Berle as one of the voice actors.",
"In the Christmas special for \"Sabrina, the Teenage Witch\" in 1996, this song is performed when Sabrina and her aunts are looking for Salem, when he's kidnapped by a little boy.",
" In the 2004 Lindsay Lohan comedy \"Mean Girls\", the song is performed by Cady Heron, Regina George, Gretchen Weiners and Karen Smith in their annual Christmas talent show.",
" It was used in the 2008 Christmas episode of \"Chuck\".",
" In a season 7 episode of \"Two and a Half Men\", Alan and Evelyn sing the song, as Charlie Harper plays the piano.",
" In the fourth season Christmas episode of \"Glee\", the song is performed by Chord Overstreet in character as Sam Evans.",
" The song was featured in the closing credits of \"Getaway\" (2013).",
" The song is used in the ending of the \"\"How the Saints Save Christmas\"\" downloadable content for \"Saints Row IV\"."
] | [] |
Centrifuges | What year was the centrifuge process abandoned? | Manhattan Project | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
11
] | [
"The centrifuge process was regarded as the only promising separation method in April 1942.",
"Jesse Beams had developed such a process at the University of Virginia during the 1930s, but had encountered technical difficulties.",
"The process required high rotational speeds, but at certain speeds harmonic vibrations developed that threatened to tear the machinery apart.",
"It was therefore necessary to accelerate quickly through these speeds.",
"In 1941 he began working with uranium hexafluoride, the only known gaseous compound of uranium, and was able to separate uranium-235.",
"At Columbia, Urey had Cohen investigate the process, and he produced a body of mathematical theory making it possible to design a centrifugal separation unit, which Westinghouse undertook to construct.",
"Scaling this up to a production plant presented a formidable technical challenge.",
"Urey and Cohen estimated that producing a kilogram (2.2 lb) of uranium-235 per day would require up to 50,000 centrifuges with rotors, or 10,000 centrifuges with rotors, assuming that 4-meter rotors could be built.",
"The prospect of keeping so many rotors operating continuously at high speed appeared daunting, and when Beams ran his experimental apparatus, he obtained only 60% of the predicted yield, indicating that more centrifuges would be required.",
"Beams, Urey and Cohen then began work on a series of improvements which promised to increase the efficiency of the process.",
"However, frequent failures of motors, shafts and bearings at high speeds delayed work on the pilot plant.",
"In November 1942 the centrifuge process was abandoned by the Military Policy Committee following a recommendation by Conant, Nichols and August C. Klein of Stone & Webster."
] | [
0
] |
Geography | What part of Canada is most densely populated? | Canada | true | 5COUNTRY
| [
17
] | [
"Canada occupies a major northern portion of North America, sharing land borders with the contiguous United States to the south (the longest border between two countries in the world) and the US state of Alaska to the northwest.",
"Canada stretches from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west; to the north lies the Arctic Ocean.",
"Greenland is to the northeast, while Saint Pierre and Miquelon is south of Newfoundland.",
"By total area (including its waters), Canada is the second-largest country in the world, after Russia.",
"By land area alone, Canada ranks fourth.",
"The country lies between latitudes 41° and 84°N, and longitudes 52° and 141°W.",
"Since 1925, Canada has claimed the portion of the Arctic between 60° and 141°W longitude, but this claim is not universally recognized.",
"Canada is home to the world's northernmost settlement, Canadian Forces Station Alert, on the northern tip of Ellesmere Island – latitude 82.5°N – which lies from the North Pole.",
"Much of the Canadian Arctic is covered by ice and permafrost.",
"Canada has the longest coastline in the world, with a total length of ; additionally, its border with the United States is the world's longest land border, stretching .",
"Since the end of the last glacial period, Canada has consisted of eight distinct forest regions, including extensive boreal forest on the Canadian Shield.",
"Canada has around 31,700 large lakes, more than any other country, containing much of the world's fresh water.",
"There are also fresh-water glaciers in the Canadian Rockies and the Coast Mountains.",
"Canada is geologically active, having many earthquakes and potentially active volcanoes, notably Mount Meager, Mount Garibaldi, Mount Cayley, and the Mount Edziza volcanic complex.",
"The volcanic eruption of the Tseax Cone in 1775 was among Canada's worst natural disasters, killing 2,000 Nisga'a people and destroying their village in the Nass River valley of northern British Columbia.",
"The eruption produced a lava flow, and, according to Nisga'a legend, blocked the flow of the Nass River.",
"Canada's population density, at , is among the lowest in the world.",
"The most densely populated part of the country is the Quebec City – Windsor Corridor, situated in Southern Quebec and Southern Ontario along the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River.",
"Average winter and summer high temperatures across Canada vary from region to region.",
"Winters can be harsh in many parts of the country, particularly in the interior and Prairie provinces, which experience a continental climate, where daily average temperatures are near −15 °C (5 °F), but can drop below with severe wind chills.",
"In noncoastal regions, snow can cover the ground for almost six months of the year, while in parts of the north snow can persist year-round.",
"Coastal British Columbia has a temperate climate, with a mild and rainy winter.",
"On the east and west coasts, average high temperatures are generally in the low 20s °C (70s °F), while between the coasts, the average summer high temperature ranges from , with temperatures in some interior locations occasionally exceeding ."
] | [
0
] |
Production | How old is Hwang Min-woo? | Gangnam Style | false | 0MUSIC
| [
11
] | [
"The music video is directed by Cho Soo-hyun, who also directed the MV for Psy's follow-up single \"Gentleman\" and the MV for \"This Love\" by Shinhwa.",
"It shows Psy performing a comical horse-riding dance and appearing in unexpected locations around the Gangnam District, such as an outdoor yoga session and a hot tub.",
"He wears several distinctive suits and black sunglasses with a mindset of \"dress classy and dance cheesy\".",
"It features a \"skewering the Gangnam image\" by the \"non-Gangnam Psy\"; this parody would be recognizable to viewers familiar with Korean culture.",
"Although there are more than ten different locations featured, only two of the scenes are actually filmed in the Gangnam district.",
"The sauna scene, elevator scene and bathroom scene were filmed elsewhere in the greater Seoul region, and some shots were filmed in World Trade Center Seoul and the Songdo International Business District, which includes Songdo Central Park and International Business District Station.",
"The video was shot over 48 hours in July 2012.",
"In K-pop, it is routine to have cameos by celebrities in a music video, such as in the dance scenes in the elevator and the parking garage.",
"The guests in the music video include:",
" 4Minute member Hyuna, who dances in the subway car and attracts Psy's attention.",
" Big Bang members Daesung and Seungri, who play two old men playing a board game in the park; they dive from the park bench after the explosion.",
" Hwang Min-woo, a 7-year-old boy who dances at the beginning of the video.",
"During an interview with CNN, Psy stated that \"the night before the music video shoot, I was watching \"Korea's Got Talent\" and saw him dance to Michael Jackson.",
"His moves were ridiculous.",
"So we called him up and asked him to be in the music video, which was shooting the very next day, and he came and it all worked out.\"",
"He has been praised for his eye-catching dance moves that have received a lot of attention from viewers.",
" Comedian/television personality Korea's Nation emcee Yoo Jae-suk, who engages in a dance duel with Psy.",
" Comedian/television personality Noh Hongchul, who does his trademark pelvis-thrusting dance in an elevator while Psy raps underneath him.",
"The music was composed by Psy and Yoo Gun-hyung, a producer in South Korea who has also collaborated with Psy in the past.",
"Yoo also arranged the song while Psy was responsible for the lyrics. "
] | [
5
] |
Events on the ground_1 | What is the amount of Australian POWs that were in Nagasaki? | Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki | true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
9
] | [
"Events on the ground.",
"Although the bomb was more powerful than the one used on Hiroshima, the effect was confined by hillsides to the narrow Urakami Valley.",
"Of 7,500 Japanese employees who worked inside the Mitsubishi Munitions plant, including mobilized students and regular workers, 6,200 were killed.",
"Some 17,000–22,000 others who worked in other war plants and factories in the city died as well.",
"Casualty estimates for immediate deaths range from 40,000 to 75,000.",
"Total deaths by the end of 1945 may have reached 80,000.",
"Unlike Hiroshima's military death toll, only 150 soldiers were killed instantly, including thirty-six from the IJA 134th AAA Regiment of the 4th AAA Division.",
"At least eight known POWs died from the bombing and as many as 13 may have died, including a British citizen, Royal Air Force Corporal Ronald Shaw, and seven Dutch POWs.",
"One American POW, Joe Kieyoomia, was in Nagasaki at the time of the bombing but survived, reportedly having been shielded from the effects of the bomb by the concrete walls of his cell.",
"There were 24 Australian POWs in Nagasaki, all of whom survived.",
"The radius of total destruction was about , followed by fires across the northern portion of the city to south of the bomb.",
"About 58% of the Mitsubishi Arms Plant was damaged, and about 78% of the Mitsubishi Steel Works.",
"The Mitsubishi Electric Works only suffered 10% structural damage as it was on the border of the main destruction zone.",
"The Mitsubishi-Urakami Ordnance Works, the factory that manufactured the type 91 torpedoes released in the attack on Pearl Harbor, was destroyed in the blast."
] | [
0
] |
Prehistory of Anatolia and Eastern Thrace | Where is the hypothetical center from which the Indo-European languages radiated? | Turkey | false | 5COUNTRY
| [
4
] | [
"Prehistory of Anatolia and Eastern Thrace.",
"The Anatolian peninsula, comprising most of modern Turkey, is one of the oldest permanently settled regions in the world.",
"Various Ancient Anatolian populations have lived in Anatolia, beginning with the Neolithic period until conquest of Alexander the Great.",
"Many of these peoples spoke the Anatolian languages, a branch of the larger Indo-European language family.",
"In fact, given the antiquity of the Indo-European Hittite and Luwian languages, some scholars have proposed Anatolia as the hypothetical center from which the Indo-European languages radiated.",
"European part of Turkey, called Eastern Thrace, has also been inhabited since forty thousand years ago, and is known to have been in the Neolithic era by about 6000 B.C.",
"with its inhabitants starting the practice of agriculture.Göbekli Tepe is the site of the oldest known man-made religious structure, a temple dating to 10,000 BC, while Çatalhöyük is a very large Neolithic and Chalcolithic settlement in southern Anatolia, which existed from approximately 7500 BCE to 5700 BCE.",
"It is the largest and best-preserved Neolithic site found to date and in July 2012 was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.",
"The settlement of Troy started in the Neolithic Age and continued into the Iron Age.",
"The earliest recorded inhabitants of Anatolia were the Hattians and Hurrians, non-Indo-European peoples who inhabited central and eastern Anatolia, respectively, as early as ca.",
"2300 BC.",
"Indo-European Hittites came to Anatolia and gradually absorbed the Hattians and Hurrians ca.",
"2000–1700 BC.",
"The first major empire in the area was founded by the Hittites, from the eighteenth through the 13th century BC.",
"The Assyrians conquered and settled parts of southeastern Turkey as early as 1950 BC until the year 612 BC.",
"Following the collapse of the Hittite empire c. 1180 BC, the Phrygians, an Indo-European people, achieved ascendancy in Anatolia until their kingdom was destroyed by the Cimmerians in the 7th century BC.",
"The most powerful of Phrygia's successor states were Lydia, Caria and Lycia."
] | [
4
] |
"Western" riding | What are saddles, bit, and bridles ornamented with? | Equestrianism | false | 4SPORT
| [
15
] | [
"Western riding evolved from the cattle-working and warfare traditions brought to the Americas by the Spanish Conquistadors, and both equipment and riding style evolved to meet the working needs of the cowboy on ranches in the American West.",
"Though the differences between English and Western riding appear dramatic, there are more similarities than most people think.",
"Both styles require riders to have a solid seat, with the hips and shoulders balanced over the feet, with hands independent of the seat so as to avoid disturbing the balance of the horse and interfering with its performance.",
"The most noticeable feature of western style riding is in the saddle, which has a substantial tree that provides greater support to horse and rider when working long hours in the saddle.",
"The western saddle features a prominent pommel topped by a horn (a knob used for dallying a lariat after roping an animal), a deep seat and a high cantle.",
"The stirrups are wider and the saddle has rings and ties that allow objects to be attached to the saddle.",
"Western horses are asked to perform with a loose rein, controlled by one hand.",
"The standard western bridle lacks a noseband and usually consists of a single set of reins attached to a curb bit that has somewhat longer and looser shanks than the curb of an English Weymouth bridle or a pelham bit.",
"Two styles of Western reins developed: The long split reins of the Texas tradition, which are completely separated, or the closed-end \"Romal\" reins of the California tradition, which have a long single attachment on the ends that can be used as a quirt.",
"Modern rodeo competitors in timed events sometimes use a closed rein without a \"romal\".",
"Western riders wear a long-sleeved shirt, denim jeans, boots, and a wide-brimmed cowboy hat.",
"Cowboy boots, which have pointed toes and higher heels than a traditional riding boot, are designed to prevent the rider's foot from slipping through the stirrup during a fall, preventing the rider from being dragged—most western saddles have no safety bars for the leathers or automatic stirrup release mechanism.",
"A rider may wear protective leather leggings called chaps.",
"Clean, well-fitting work clothing is the usual outfit seen in rodeo, cutting and reining competitions, especially for men, though sometimes both men and women wear brighter colors or finer fabrics for competition than for work.",
"Show events such as Western pleasure use much flashier equipment, unlike the English traditions where clothing and tack is quiet and unobtrusive.",
"Saddles, bits and bridles are ornamented with substantial amounts of silver.",
"The rider may add a jacket or vest, and women's clothing in particular features vivid colors and even, depending on current fads, rhinestones or sequins.",
"Western horses are asked to have a brisk, ground-covering walk, but a slow, relaxed jog trot that allows the rider to sit the saddle and not post.",
"The Western version of the canter is called a \"lope\" and while collected and balanced, is expected to be slow and relaxed.",
"Working western horses seldom use a sustained hand gallop, but must be able to accelerate quickly to high speed when chasing cattle or competing in rodeo speed events, must be able to stop quickly from a dead run and \"turn on a dime.\""
] | [
0
] |
English army and Harold's preparations | How was the English army organized? | Battle of Hastings | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
0
] | [
"The English army was organised along regional lines, with the \"fyrd\", or local levy, serving under a local magnate – whether an earl, bishop, or sheriff.",
"The \"fyrd\" was composed of men who owned their own land, and were equipped by their community to fulfil the king's demands for military forces.",
"For every five hides, or units of land nominally capable of supporting one household, one man was supposed to serve.",
"It appears that the hundred was the main organising unit for the \"fyrd\".",
"As a whole, England could furnish about 14,000 men for the \"fyrd\", when it was called out.",
"The \"fyrd\" usually served for two months, except in emergencies.",
"It was rare for the whole national \"fyrd\" to be called out; between 1046 and 1065 it was only done three times, in 1051, 1052, and 1065.",
"The king also had a group of personal armsmen, known as housecarls, who formed the backbone of the royal forces.",
"Some earls also had their own forces of housecarls.",
"Thegns, the local landowning elites, fought either with the royal housecarls or attached themselves to the forces of an earl or other magnate.",
"The \"fyrd\" and the housecarls both fought on foot, with the major difference between them being the housecarl's superior armour.",
"The English army does not appear to have had a significant number of archers.",
"Harold had spent mid-1066 on the south coast with a large army and fleet waiting for William to invade.",
"The bulk of his forces were militia who needed to harvest their crops, so on 8 September Harold dismissed the militia and the fleet.",
"Learning of the Norwegian invasion he rushed north, gathering forces as he went, and took the Norwegians by surprise, defeating them at the Battle of Stamford Bridge on 25 September.",
"Harald of Norway and Tostig were killed, and the Norwegians suffered such great losses that only 24 of the original 300 ships were required to carry away the survivors.",
"The English victory came at great cost, as Harold's army was left in a battered and weakened state."
] | [
5
] |
Season 3 (2010) | Walter told Jesse to kill who? | Breaking Bad | true | 1TV
| [
18
] | [
"Season 3 (2010).",
"On April 2, 2009, AMC announced that \"Breaking Bad\" was renewed for a third, 13-episode season.",
"It premiered on March 21, 2010, and concluded on June 13, 2010.",
"The complete third season was released on Region 1 DVD and Region A Blu-ray on June 7, 2011.",
"Walter wishes to reunite his family, but Skyler is still suspicious of Walter's second life.",
"Walter believes he can mend the tension between them by confessing to her that he has been producing meth.",
"Skyler is appalled by the confession and demands a formal divorce.",
"Meanwhile, Gus offers to pay Walter US$3M for three months of his service.",
"He even offers to provide Walter with a state-of-the-art production facility and a brilliant lab assistant, Gale (David Costabile).",
"Jesse is continuing to produce and sell meth by himself.",
"Hank is working with the DEA to investigate Jesse and is slowly gathering evidence to make an arrest.",
"Jesse threatens to report Walter to the police if he is arrested, but Walter offers him Gale's position at the lab.",
"After obtaining the position, Jesse begins stealing meth from the lab and selling it in secret on the side.",
"Jesse gets romantically involved with a woman he meets in his rehab group and learns her kid brother, age 11, was put up by Gus and his street dealers to kill Combo.",
"Jesse decides to avenge Combo.",
"Walter aids Jesse in escaping from Gus's wrath.",
"Gus begins to lose trust in Walter and asks Gale to take over the lab.",
"He orders his henchmen to kill Walter and Jesse.",
"After he is abducted by the henchmen, Walter instructs Jesse over the phone to kill Gale in order to force Gus not to kill Walter (and, by extension, Jesse) lest he eliminate his only remaining trained chemist."
] | [
3
] |
Serving | What can the remaining fat, meat, and bones be made into? | Peking duck | false | 9FOOD
| [
6
] | [
"The cooked Peking Duck is traditionally carved in front of the diners and served in three stages.",
"First, the skin is served dipped in sugar and garlic sauce.",
"The meat is then served with steamed pancakes (), spring onions and sweet bean sauce.",
"Several vegetable dishes are provided to accompany the meat, typically cucumbersticks.",
"The diners spread sauce, and optionally sugar, over the pancake.",
"The pancake is wrapped around the meat with the vegetables and eaten by hand.",
"The remaining fat, meat and bones may be made into a broth, served as is, or the meat chopped up and stir fried with sweet bean sauce.",
"Otherwise, they are packed up to be taken home by the customers."
] | [
0
] |
Demographics | What was the population on France in 2013, and how much does it grow per year? | France | false | 5COUNTRY
| [
0,
15
] | [
"With an estimated population of 66 million people as of July 2013, France is the 21st-most populous country in the world and the third-most populous in Europe.",
"Although the French people are historically of Celtic, Romantic, and Germanic origin, they are today a mixture of several ethnic groups, due mostly to large-scale immigration over the last century.",
"In 2004, the Institut Montaigne estimated that within Metropolitan France, 51 million people were white (85% of the population), 6 million were North African (10%), 2 million were black (3.5%), and 1 million were Asian (1.5%).",
"A law originating from the 1789 revolution and reaffirmed in the 1958 French Constitution makes it illegal for the French state to collect data on ethnicity and ancestry, although some surveys, such as the TeO (\"Trajectories and origins\") poll conducted jointly by INED and INSEE in 2008, are allowed to do so.",
"It was estimated that 5 million people were of Italian ancestry (the most numerous immigrant community), between 3 million and 6 million people are of North African ancestry, 2.5 million people are of Sub-Saharan African origin, 200,000 people are of Turkish ancestry, and many more are of other European ethnic ancestry, namely Spanish, Portuguese, Polish, and Greek.",
"Indeed, it is currently estimated that 40% of the French population is descended at least partially from the different waves of immigration the country has received since the early 20th century; between 1921 and 1935 alone, about 1.1 million net immigrants came to France.",
"The next largest waves came in the 1960s, when around 1.6 million \"pieds noirs\" returned to France following the independence of its North African possessions.",
"France remains a major destination for immigrants, accepting about 200,000 legal immigrants annually.",
"It is also Western Europe's leading recipient of asylum seekers, with an estimated 50,000 applications in 2005 (a 15% decrease from 2004).",
"The European Union allows free movement between the member states, although France established controls to curb Eastern European migration, and immigration remains a contentious political issue.",
"In 2008, the French national institute of statistics INSEE estimated that the total number of foreign-born immigrants was around 5 million (8% of the population), while their French-born descendants numbered 6.5 million, or 11% of the population.",
"Thus, nearly a fifth of the country's population were either first or second-generation immigrants, more than 5 million of European origin and 4 million of Maghrebi origin.",
"In 2008, France granted citizenship to 137,000 persons, mostly to people from Morocco, Algeria and Turkey.",
"France is an outlier among developed countries in general, and European countries in particular, in having a fairly high rate of natural population growth: by birth rates alone, France was responsible for almost all natural population growth in the European Union in 2006, with the natural growth rate (excess of births over deaths) rising to 300,000.",
"This was the highest rate since the end of the baby boom in 1973, and coincides with the rise of the total fertility rate from a nadir of 1.7 in 1994 to 2.0 in 2010.",
"From 2006 to 2011 population growth was on average +0.6% per year.",
"Immigrants are also major contributors to this trend; in 2010, 27% of newborns in metropolitan France had at least one foreign-born parent and 24% had at least one parent born outside of Europe (parents born in overseas territories are considered as born in France).",
"France is a highly-urbanized country, with its largest cities (in terms of metropolitan area population) being Paris (11,836,970), Lyon (1,757,180), Marseille (1,618,369), Lille (1,163,934), Toulouse (1,118,472), Bordeaux (1,009,313), Nice (999,678), Nantes (768,305).",
"A perennial political issue concerns rural flight."
] | [
0,
5
] |
Horticultural | What living things have been scientifically cloned? | Cloning | true | 8SCIENCE
| [
2,
3
] | [
"The term \"clone\" is used in horticulture to refer to descendants of a single plant which were produced by vegetative reproduction or apomixis.",
"Many horticultural plant cultivars are clones, having been derived from a single individual, multiplied by some process other than sexual reproduction.",
"As an example, some European cultivars of grapes represent clones that have been propagated for over two millennia.",
"Other examples are potato and banana.",
"Grafting can be regarded as cloning, since all the shoots and branches coming from the graft are genetically a clone of a single individual, but this particular kind of cloning has not come under ethical scrutiny and is generally treated as an entirely different kind of operation.",
"Many trees, shrubs, vines, ferns and other herbaceous perennials form clonal colonies naturally.",
"Parts of an individual plant may become detached by fragmentation and grow on to become separate clonal individuals.",
"A common example is in the vegetative reproduction of moss and liverwort gametophyte clones by means of gemmae.",
"Some vascular plants e.g.",
"dandelion and certain viviparous grasses also form seeds asexually, termed apomixis, resulting in clonal populations of genetically identical individuals."
] | [
0
] |
Curling culture | Where does the sport of curling take place at? | Curling | true | 4SPORT
| [
12
] | [
" culture.",
"Competition teams are normally named after the skip, for example, Team Martin after skip Kevin Martin.",
"Amateur league players can (and do) creatively name their teams, but when in competition (a bonspiel) the official team will have a standard name.",
"Top curling championships are typically played by all-male or all-female teams.",
"The game is known as mixed curling when a team consists of two men and two women.",
"The Canadian Mixed Curling Championship is the highest-level mixed curling competition, in the absence of world championship or Olympic mixed curling events.",
"Curling tournaments may use the Schenkel system for determining the participants in matches.",
"Curling is played in many countries, including Canada, the United Kingdom (especially Scotland), the United States, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, Denmark, Finland and Japan, all of which compete in the world championships.",
"Curling is particularly popular in Canada.",
"Improvements in ice making and changes in the rules to increase scoring and promote complex strategy have increased the already high popularity of the sport in Canada, and large television audiences watch annual curling telecasts, especially the Scotties Tournament of Hearts (the national championship for women), the Tim Hortons Brier (the national championship for men), and the women's and men's world championships.",
"Despite the Canadian province of Manitoba's small population (ranked 5th of 10 Canadian provinces), Manitoban teams have won the Brier more times than teams from any other province.",
"The Tournament of Hearts and the Brier are contested by provincial and territorial champions, and the world championships by national champions.",
"Curling is the provincial sport of Saskatchewan.",
"From there Ernie Richardson and his family team dominated Canadian and international curling during the late 1950s and early 1960s and have been considered to be the best male curlers of all time.",
"Sandra Schmirler led her team to the first ever gold medal in women's curling in the 1998 Winter Olympics.",
"When she died two years later from cancer, over 15,000 people attended her funeral, and it was broadcast on national television."
] | [
4
] |
Nonalcoholic beverages | How are kefir and kumis created? | Yeast | true | 8SCIENCE
| [
5
] | [
"Root beer and other sweet carbonated beverages can be produced using the same methods as beer, except the fermentation is stopped sooner, producing carbon dioxide, but only trace amounts of alcohol, and a significant amount of sugar is left in the drink.",
"\"Kvass\", a fermented drink made from rye, is popular in Eastern Europe; it has a recognizable, but low alcoholic content.",
"Yeast in symbiosis with acetic acid bacteria is used in the preparation of \"kombucha\", a fermented sweetened tea.",
"Species of yeasts found in the tea can vary, and may include: \"Brettanomyces bruxellensis\", \"Candida stellata\", \"Schizosaccharomyces pombe\", \"Torulaspora delbrueckii\" and \"Zygosaccharomyces bailii\".",
"\"Kombucha\" is a popular beverage in Eastern Europe and some former Soviet republics under the name \"chajnyj grib\" (Чайный гриб), which means \"tea mushroom\".",
"\"Kefir\" and \"kumis\" are made by fermenting milk with yeast and bacteria."
] | [
5
] |
Abstract | Where is "Criminal Minds" based? | Criminal Minds | true | 1TV
| [
1
] | [
"Criminal Minds is an American police procedural television program that premiered September 22, 2005, on CBS.",
"The series follows a team of profilers from the FBI's Behavioral Analysis Unit (BAU) based in Quantico, Virginia.",
"The BAU is part of the FBI National Center for the Analysis of Violent Crime.",
"The show differs from many procedural dramas by focusing on profiling the criminal, called the unsub or \"unknown subject\", rather than the crime itself.",
"The show is produced by The Mark Gordon Company in association with CBS Television Studios (originally Paramount Network Television then CBS Paramount Network Television) and ABC Studios (originally Touchstone Television).CBS announced in October 2009 that Legacy Interactive would develop a video game based on the show.",
"The game would require players to examine crime scenes for clues to help solve murder mysteries.",
"The interactive puzzle game was released in 2012, but the show's cast was not involved with the project, and as such it did not feature any of the voices of the cast.",
"On March 13, 2014, CBS renewed the series for a tenth season."
] | [
4
] |
Scholarship and legacies (1875–1900) | By whom were the Museum's Cryprean excavations subsidized in 1892? | British Museum | true | 2TRAVEL
| [
5
] | [
"Scholarship and legacies (1875–1900).",
"The natural history collections were an integral part of the British Museum until their removal to the new British Museum of Natural History, now the Natural History Museum, in 1887.",
"With the departure and the completion of the new White Wing (fronting Montague Street) in 1884, more space was available for antiquities and ethnography and the library could further expand.",
"This was a time of innovation as electric lighting was introduced in the Reading Room and exhibition galleries.",
"In 1882 the Museum was involved in the establishment of the independent Egypt Exploration Fund (now Society) the first British body to carry out research in Egypt.",
"A bequest from Miss Emma Turner in 1892 financed excavations in Cyprus.",
"In 1897 the death of the great collector and curator, A.W.",
"Franks, was followed by an immense bequest of 3,300 finger rings, 153 drinking vessels, 512 pieces of continental porcelain, 1,500 netsuke, 850 inro, over 30,000 bookplates and miscellaneous items of jewellery and plate, among them the Oxus Treasure.",
"In 1898 Baron Ferdinand de Rothschild bequeathed the glittering contents from his New Smoking Room at Waddesdon Manor as the Waddesdon Bequest.",
"This consisted of almost 300 pieces of \"objets d'art et de vertu\" which included exquisite examples of jewellery, plate, enamel, carvings, glass and maiolica, among them the Holy Thorn Reliquary, probably created in the 1390s in Paris for John, Duke of Berry.",
"The collection was in the tradition of a schatzkammer or treasure house such as those formed by the Renaissance princes of Europe.",
"Baron Ferdinand's will was most specific, and failure to observe the terms would make it void, the collection should be"
] | [] |
Basic unresolved problems in biology | How is it theorized sex evolved? | Biology | true | 8SCIENCE
| [
2,
3
] | [
"Despite the profound advances made over recent decades in our understanding of life’s fundamental processes, some basic problems have remained unresolved.",
"For example, one of the major unresolved problems in biology is the primary adaptive function of sex, and particularly its key processes in eukaryotes, meiosis and homologous recombination.",
"One view is that sex evolved primarily as an adaptation for increasing genetic diversity (see references e.g.).",
"An alternative view is that sex is an adaptation for promoting accurate DNA repair in germ-line DNA, and that increased genetic diversity is primarily a byproduct that may be useful in the long run.",
"(See also Evolution of sexual reproduction).",
"Another basic unresolved problem in biology is the biologic basis of aging.",
"At present, there is no consensus view on the underlying cause of aging.",
"Various competing theories are outlined in Ageing#Theories."
] | [
5
] |
Success of athletes | How many of the Dancing With The Stars competitions have been won by athletes? | Dancing with the Stars (U.S. TV series) | false | 1TV
| [
2
] | [
"Athletes have historically been far more successful as a group than other celebrities on the show.",
"At the end of the spring 2011 season, 28 athletes have competed on the show, representing 20% of the contestants.",
"They've won six competitions and placed second four times; a collective success (win or runner-up) rate of 36%.",
"In other words, better than one third of the athletes who have appeared on the show have finished either first or second.",
"This is far better than the rate for reality-show contestants, supermodels, actors, politicians and other celebrities.",
"Musicians/singers, at 27%, are the second most successful group.",
"It is speculated by the cast and staff on the show as well as the athletes themselves, that they have several advantages in some key areas:",
"Physical ability – Many of the physical abilities associated with gifted athleticism such as strength, agility, quickness, balance, stamina and more generally, body control and muscle coordination, are also considered useful and advantageous qualities in competitive dancing.",
"Training and coaching – Athletes are familiar with effective and efficient training techniques.",
"Professional dancer Cheryl Burke states, \"They are used to being coached and they respond to criticism better than, say, actors\".",
"Casting director Deena Katz says, \"They know their limits and don't overtrain like some others do\", and so they avoid injuries, which hamper many of the contestants.",
"Competitive instinct – Successful athletes are competitive individuals and therefore comfortable in an environment which encourages \"bettering\" an opponent.",
"In addition, they are familiar with performing under pressure and in some cases, thrive on it.",
"Highly successful, elite athletes are capable of performing at their highest level when it is most important.",
"They are able to focus and possibly even \"raise\" the quality of their performance during the biggest of competitions, whereas other contestants may falter under the same pressure.",
"There are disadvantages as well, particularly with the larger athletes such as football and basketball players.",
"Some of these athletes have difficulty making their over-sized frames look graceful on the dance floor.",
"However, this can also be an advantage: since this struggle with their large size is often plainly apparent during their performances, voters will tend to give them more leeway in this area, while an actor or singer with known dance background or training may be held to a higher standard in the voters' minds.",
"In every season finale in which an athlete was present, and was either tied for the top of the leader board or one point behind the leader said athlete went on to win the season.",
"This has happened on five occasions:",
"Season 3: Emmitt Smith and Mario Lopez tied in the finale, with both scoring 89/90",
"Season 5: Helio Castroneves scored one point behind Mel B in the finale, scoring 84/90 to her 85/90 (Castroneves is the only, male, non-NFL player for this to occur to)",
"Season 8: Shawn Johnson and Gilles Marini tied in the finale, with both scoring 88/90 (Johnson is the only female athlete for this to occur to)",
"Season 12: Hines Ward and Chelsea Kane tied in the finale, with both scoring 89/90 (Kane, however, landed in third place)",
"Season 14: Donald Driver scored one point behind Katherine Jenkins in the finale, scoring 89/90 to her 90/90"
] | [
5
] |
Religion | Christians make up what percentage of Israel? | Israel | true | 5COUNTRY
| [
4
] | [
"Israel and the Palestinian territories comprise the major part of the Holy Land, a region of significant importances to all Abrahamic religions – Jews, Christians, Muslims and Baha'is.",
"The religious affiliation of Israeli Jews varies widely: a social survey for those over the age of 20 indicates that 55% say they are \"traditional\", while 20% consider themselves \"secular Jews\", 17% define themselves as \"Religious Zionists\"; 8% define themselves as \"Haredi Jews\".",
"While the ultra-Orthodox, or Haredim, represented only 5% of Israel's population in 1990, they are expected to represent more than one-fifth of Israel's Jewish population by 2028.",
"Making up 16% of the population, Muslims constitute Israel's largest religious minority.",
"About 2% of the population are Christian and 1.5% are Druze.",
"The Christian population primarily comprises Palestinian Christians, but also includes post-Soviet immigrants and the Foreign Laborers of multinational origins and followers of Messianic Judaism, considered by most Christians and Jews to be a form of Christianity.",
"Members of many other religious groups, including Buddhists and Hindus, maintain a presence in Israel, albeit in small numbers.",
"Out of more than one million immigrants from the former Soviet Union in Israel, about 300,000 are considered not Jewish by the Orthodox rabbinate.",
"The city of Jerusalem is of special importance to Jews, Muslims and Christians as it is the home of sites that are pivotal to their religious beliefs, such as the Israeli-controlled Old City that incorporates the Western Wall and the Temple Mount, the Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.",
"Other locations of religious importance in Israel are Nazareth (holy in Christianity as the site of the Annunciation of Mary), Tiberias and Safed (two of the Four Holy Cities in Judaism), the White Mosque in Ramla (holy in Islam as the shrine of the prophet Saleh), and the Church of Saint George in Lod (holy in Christianity and Islam as the tomb of Saint George or Al Khidr).",
"A number of other religious landmarks are located in the West Bank, among them Joseph's tomb in Shechem, the birthplace of Jesus and Rachel's Tomb in Bethlehem, and the Cave of the Patriarchs in Hebron.",
"The administrative center of the Bahá'í Faith and the Shrine of the Báb are located at the Bahá'í World Centre in Haifa and the leader of the faith is buried in Acre.",
"Apart from maintenance staff, there is no Bahá'í community in Israel, although it is a destination for pilgrimages.",
"Bahá'í staff in Israel do not teach their faith to Israelis following strict policy."
] | [
0
] |
Abstract | What is baseball? | Baseball | false | 4SPORT
| [
0
] | [
"Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players who take turns batting and fielding.",
"The offense attempts to score runs by hitting a ball thrown by the pitcher with a bat and moving counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third and home plate.",
"A run is scored when the runner advances around the bases and returns to home plate.",
"Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.",
"A player on the batting team can stop at any of the bases and later advance on a teammate's hit or other means.",
"The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.",
"One turn at bat for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning, and nine innings a game.",
"The team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.",
"Evolving from older bat-and-ball games, an early form of baseball was being played in England by the mid-18th century.",
"This game was brought by immigrants to North America, where the modern version developed.",
"By the late 19th century, baseball was widely recognized as the national sport of the United States.",
"Baseball is now popular in North America and parts of Central and South America and the Caribbean, East Asia and Europe.",
"In the United States and Canada, professional Major League Baseball (MLB) teams are divided into the National League (NL) and American League (AL), each with three divisions: East, West, and Central.",
"The major league champion is determined by playoffs that culminate in the World Series.",
"The top level of play is similarly split in Japan between the Central League and Pacific Leagues and in Cuba between the West League and East League."
] | [
0
] |
Music video | Who directed the music video for "I Won't Give Up" and when was it officially released? | I Won't Give Up | false | 0MUSIC
| [
3
] | [
"On January 2, 2012, a lyric video was released.",
"Mark Blankenship from NPR found \"I Won't Give Up\" the best lyric video because \"the lyrics are integrated into a story about a man who writes his girlfriend until they can finally reunite.\"",
"He added he preferred this video to the official one.",
"The official music video was directed by Mark Pellington and released on February 17, 2012.",
"Mraz explained \"The story of the video is that we all have our stories.",
"We all have our own version of suffering….and everybody has many things to not give up on.",
"\"Jason Lipshutz from \"Billboard\" found some similarities to Terrence Malick's film \"The Tree of Life\", \"with its lingering shots of wholesome Americana, sun-stroked imagery, non-linear structure and contrast between out-of-focus landscape shots and striking close-ups.\"",
"The video was also compared to Bruce Springsteen's \"We Take Care of Our Own\" music video, \"with its gritty portraits of beleaguered U.S. citizens of every race and creed.\"",
"Andrew Unterberger from PopDust described the video as \"a stately, if somewhat boring, assemblage of nature shots mixed with pictures of people young and old looking semi-contemplative.\""
] | [
2,
3
] |
Season 1 | Where is the location of the law firm in this show? | The Good Wife | true | 1TV
| [
2
] | [
"Season synopses.",
"Season 1.",
"As a junior associate at a prestigious Chicago law firm, Alicia Florrick joins her longtime friend, former law school classmate and firm partner Will Gardner, who is interested in rekindling their former relationship.",
"The firm's top litigator and other partner, Diane Lockhart, likes Alicia's work and her connections so she and Will award her with a full-time associate position following a trial period.",
"Alicia beat out Cary Agos, a clever young attorney who takes a job in the state's attorney's office, now bitter and vengeful.",
"Alicia finds an ally and a friend in Kalinda, the firm's tough and mysterious in-house investigator.",
"Gaining confidence every day, Alicia transforms herself from embarrassed politician's scorned wife to resilient career woman, especially for the sake of providing a stable home for her children, 14-year-old Zach and 13-year-old Grace.",
"Now that Peter is back home and planning to run for office again with help from Eli Gold, his cunning image consultant, Alicia continues to redefine herself and her role in her family's life."
] | [
4
] |
History | When did rugby originate? | Rugby union | false | 4SPORT
| [
0
] | [
"The origin of rugby football is reputed to be an incident during a game of English school football at Rugby School in 1823 when William Webb Ellis is said to have picked up the ball and run with it.",
"Although the evidence for the story is doubtful, it was immortalised at the school with a plaque unveiled in 1895.",
"Despite the doubtful evidence, the Rugby World Cup trophy is named after Webb Ellis.",
"Rugby football stems from the form of game played at Rugby School, which former pupils then introduced to their university.",
"Old Rugbeian Albert Pell, a student at Cambridge, is credited with having formed the first \"football\" team.",
"During this early period different schools used different rules, with former pupils from Rugby and Eton attempting to carry their preferred rules through to their universities.",
"A significant event in the early development of rugby football was the production of the first written laws of the game at Rugby School in 1845, which was followed by the 'Cambridge Rules' drawn up in 1848.",
"Other important events include the Blackheath Club's decision to leave the Football Association in 1863 and the formation of the Rugby Football Union in 1871.",
"The code was originally known as \"rugby football\"; it was not until after the schism in England in 1895, which resulted in the separate code of rugby league, that the sport took on the name \"rugby union\" to differentiate it from the league game.",
"Despite the sport's full name of rugby union, it is known simply as rugby throughout most of the world.",
"The first rugby football international was played on 27 March 1871 between England and Scotland.",
"By 1881 both Ireland and Wales had representative teams, and in 1883 the first international competition, the Home Nations Championship had begun.",
"1883 is also the year of the first rugby sevens tournament, the Melrose Sevens, which is still held annually.",
"Five years later two important overseas tours took place: a British Isles team visited Australia and New Zealand—although a private venture, it laid the foundations for future British and Irish Lions tours; and the 1888–89 New Zealand Native football team brought the first overseas team to British spectators.",
"Between 1905 and 1908, all three major Southern Hemisphere rugby countries sent their first touring teams to the Northern Hemisphere: New Zealand in 1905, followed by South Africa in 1906 and Australia in 1908.",
"All three teams brought new styles of play, fitness levels and tactics, and were far more successful than critics had expected.",
"The New Zealand 1905 touring team performed a haka before each match, leading Welsh Rugby Union administrator Tom Williams to suggest that Wales player Teddy Morgan lead the crowd in singing the Welsh National Anthem, \"Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau\", as a response.",
"After Morgan began singing, the crowd joined in: the first time a national anthem was sung at the start of a sporting event.",
"In 1905 France played England in its first international match.",
"No international rugby games and union-sponsored club matches were played during the First World War, but competitions continued through service teams such as the New Zealand Army team.",
"During the Second World War no international matches were played by most countries, though Italy, Germany and Romania played a limited number of games, and Cambridge and Oxford continued their annual University Match.",
"Rugby union was included as an event in the Olympic Games four times during the early 20th century.",
"In 1973 the first officially sanctioned international sevens tournament took place at Murrayfield, one of Scotland's biggest stadiums, as part of the Scottish Rugby Union centenary celebrations.",
"In 1987 the first Rugby World Cup was held in Australia and New Zealand, and the inaugural winners were New Zealand.",
"The first World Cup Sevens tournament was held at Murrayfield in 1993.",
"Rugby Sevens was introduced into the Commonwealth Games in 1998 and is due to be added to the Olympic Games by 2016.",
"Rugby union was an amateur sport until the IRB declared the game \"open\" in 1995, removing restrictions on payments to players.",
"However, the pre-1995 period of rugby union was marked by frequent accusations of \"shamateurism\", including an investigation in Britain by a House of Commons Select committee.",
"Following the introduction of professionalism trans-national club competitions were started, with the Heineken Cup in the Northern Hemisphere and Super Rugby in the Southern Hemisphere.",
"The Tri-nations, an annual international tournament involving Australia, New Zealand and South Africa, kicked off in 1996."
] | [
2
] |
Music | How was the soundtrack released initially? | Toy Story 3 | true | 6MOVIES
| [
1
] | [
"The film score for \"Toy Story 3\" was composed and conducted by Randy Newman, his sixth for Pixar after \"Toy Story\", \"A Bug's Life\", \"Toy Story 2\", \"Monsters, Inc.\", and \"Cars\".",
"Initially, Disney released the soundtrack only as digital download.",
"This was the second instance where Disney did not release the award-winning soundtrack of a Pixar film on CD, the first being \"Up\".",
"In January 2012, Intrada released the \"Toy Story 3\" soundtrack on Compact Disc.",
"In addition to the tracks included in the soundtrack album, the film also uses several other tracks such as \"Dream Weaver\" by Gary Wright, \"Le Freak\" by Chic, and Randy Newman's original version of \"You've Got a Friend in Me.\"",
"Furthermore, tracks \"Cowboy!\"",
"and \"Come to Papa\" included material from Newman's rejected score to \"Air Force One\".",
"The song \"Losing You\" from Newman's own album \"Harps and Angels\" was also used in the first trailer for the film.",
"The Judas Priest song \"Electric Eye\" was also used in the film in the temp score for the opening scene of \"Toy Story 3\".",
"The aliens are playing the tune in their sports car.",
"The song was ultimately replaced by another piece of music."
] | [
5
] |
Plutonium | What does uranium-238 decay into? | Manhattan Project | true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
2
] | [
"The second line of development pursued by the Manhattan Project used the fissile element plutonium.",
"Although small amounts of plutonium exist in nature, the best way to obtain large quantities of the element is in a nuclear reactor, in which natural uranium is bombarded by neutrons.",
"The uranium-238 is transmuted into uranium-239, which rapidly decays, first into neptunium-239 and then into plutonium-239.",
"Only a small amount of the uranium-238 will be transformed, so the plutonium must be chemically separated from the remaining uranium, from any initial impurities, and from fission products."
] | [
0
] |
Remixes, Extra Festive, and Superfestive versions | What album features this son as a bonus track? | All I Want for Christmas Is You | true | 0MUSIC
| [
3
] | [
"When the song was first released as a single in 1994, no remixes were commissioned.",
"Carey re-released the song commercially in Japan in 2000, with a new remix known as the So So Def remix.",
"The remix contains new vocals and is played over a harder, more urban beat; it features raps by Jermaine Dupri and Bow Wow.",
"The remix appears on Carey's compilation album \"Greatest Hits\" (2001) as a bonus track.",
"In 2009, a remix produced by Carey and Low Sunday, called \"Mariah's New Dance Mix\", was released.",
"The mix laid the original 1994 vocals over new electronic instrumentation.",
"The remix garnered a positive response.",
"MTV's Kyle Anderson wrote that \"it's difficult to improve perfection,\" but that the remix \"does dress up the song in a disco thump that should make your office Christmas party 28 percent funkier than it was last year.\"",
"Idolator's Becky Bain praised the song's catchiness.",
"In 2010, Carey re-recorded the song for her thirteenth studio and second holiday album, \"Merry Christmas II You\".",
"Titled \"All I Want for Christmas Is You (Extra Festive)\", the new version featured re-recorded vocals, softer bell ringing and stronger drumming, and an orchestral introduction that replaced the a capella introduction.",
"Steven J. Horowitz from \"Rap-Up\" wrote that the new version \"sound just as enjoyable as it did in 1994.\"",
"While the song was praised, it drew criticism for being too similar to the original.",
"Thomas Connor from the \"Chicago Sun-Times\" wrote that the new version \"just seems to add a few brassy backup singers to the exact same arrangement.\"",
"Caryn Ganz from \"Rolling Stone\" agreed, writing that it was \"hard to figure out what's 'extra festive'\" about the new version.",
"Dan Hancox, editor of \"The National\", also felt the new version was unnecessary.",
"In 2011, pop singer Justin Bieber also recorded a version of the song as a duet with Carey, titled \"All I Want for Christmas Is You (Superfestive!",
")\", on his holiday album, \"Under the Mistletoe\".",
"The accompanying music video for the duet was filmed in Macy's department store in New York, and features Bieber shopping with his friends whilst Carey poses on a staging area next to a Christmas tree and gifts.",
"The two rejoice at the end by sitting in a sleigh with a crowd of young customers handing out gifts to everyone."
] | [
0
] |
Attraction history | When was the Rockslide staged event added to the Stuido Tour? | Universal Studios Hollywood | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
2
] | [
"In 1965, The War Lord Tower opened as one of the first attractions in the theme park.",
"This was followed by the opening of the Animal Actors School Stage in 1970.",
"In 1974, the Rockslide staged event was added to the Studio Tour.",
"The following year The Land of a Thousand Faces opened on the Upper Lot.",
"In 1979, The Battle of Galactica replaced Rockslide as a staged event on the Studio Tour.",
"The Flintstones Show opened, replacing the Star Trek Adventure.",
"In 1996, opened.",
"In 1997, two shows were replaced: The Land Before Time show replaced Rocky and Bullwinkle Live; and Totally Nickelodeon replaced The Flintstones Show.",
"Just one year after it opened, The Land Before Time show was replaced with Coke Soak.",
"In 1999, T2 3-D: Battle Across Time and a Chicken Run Walkthrough opened on the upper lot.",
"Additionally, Beetlejuice's Rock and Roll Graveyard Revue was closed.",
"In 2000, the Rugrats Magic Adventure replaced Totally Nickelodeon.",
"In 2001, the Nickelodeon Blast Zone opened.",
"Also in 2001, Animal Planet Live replaced the Animal Actors School Stage.",
"In 2 replaced The Mummy Returns: Chamber of Doom.",
"The following year, Fear Factor Live replaced Spider-Man Rocks.",
"In 2007, Universal's House of Horrors opened, replacing Van Helsing: Fortress Dracula.",
"Both Lucy: A Tribute and Back to the Future: The Ride were closed, prior to being replaced in 2008 by The Simpsons Ride and The Universal Story Museum respectively.",
"Also in 2008, the Nickelodeon Blast Zone was rebranded to The Adventures of Curious George.",
"In 2009, Creature from the Black Lagoon: The Musical replaced Fear Factor Live in the Upper Lot.",
"In 2010, the Special Effects Stages and Backdraft attractions were closed to make way for Transformers: The Ride which was announced in 2008 (Special Effects Stages was moved to the former Creature From The Black Lagoon building and reopened as Special Effects Stage).",
"King Kong 360 3-D also opened.",
"On May 24, 2012, Transformers: The Ride opened on the Lower Lot.",
"On December 31, 2012, Universal Studios Hollywood closed for , the attraction at Universal Studios Florida, set to come in the April of 2014.",
"Universal Studios Hollywood has plans to open The Wizarding World of Harry Potter which will feature the Harry Potter and the Forbidden Journey ride sometime in 2015-2016."
] | [
2
] |
Opening and operation | Up to how many people passed through Union Station in Washington D.C. daily during World War II? | Union Station (Washington, D.C.) | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
6
] | [
"When the Pennsylvania Railroad and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad announced in 1901 that they planned to build a new union terminal, the city had two reasons to celebrate.",
"The decision meant that both railroads would soon remove their trackwork and terminals from the National Mall.",
"Though changes there appeared only gradually, the consolidation of the depots allowed the creation of the Mall as it appears today.",
"Secondly, the plan to bring all the city's railroads under one roof promised that Washington would finally have a station both large enough to handle large crowds and impressive enough to befit the city's role as the federal capital.",
"Union Station opened on October 27, 1907, with the arrival of a Baltimore and Ohio Railroad passenger train from Pittsburgh.",
"The terminal quickly became the portal to the Capitol.",
"At no time was it busier than during World War II, when as many as 200,000 people passed through in a single day.",
"For most of its existence, Union Station served as a hub, with service of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Pennsylvania Railroad, and Southern Railway.",
"The Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad provided a link to Richmond, Virginia, about to the south, where major north-south lines of the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad and Seaboard Air Line Railroad provided service to the Carolinas, Georgia, and Florida."
] | [
5
] |
Filming | Was Prison Break filmed in Hollywood during the first season? | Prison Break | true | 1TV
| [
0
] | [
"The first three seasons of \"Prison Break\" were primarily filmed outside of Hollywood.",
"The majority of the first season of the series was filmed on location in and around Chicago.",
"After it was closed down in 2002, Joliet Prison became the set of \"Prison Break\" in 2005, standing in as Fox River State Penitentiary on screen.",
"Scenes set in Lincoln's cell, the infirmary, and the prison yard were all shot on location at the prison.",
"Lincoln's cell was alleged to be the same one in which serial killer John Wayne Gacy was incarcerated, which at least one member of the production crew refused to enter, because it was alleged to be haunted.",
"Other sets were built at the prison, including the cell blocks that housed the general prison population; these blocks had three tiers of cells (as opposed to the real cell block's two) and had cells much larger than real cells to allow more space for the actors and cameras.",
"Exterior scenes were filmed in areas around Chicago, Woodstock, and Joliet in Illinois.",
"Other locations included O'Hare International Airport in Chicago and Toronto, Ontario in Canada.",
"\"Prison Break\" spent $2 million per episode in the state of Illinois, which cost them a total of $24 million in 2005.",
"Renewed for a second season, \"Prison Break\" resumed filming on June 15, 2006, in Dallas, Texas due to the close proximity of rural and urban settings.",
"Locations within a 30-minute radius of Dallas were chosen which included Little Elm, Decatur, and Mineral Wells.",
"Many of these locations were used to represent various American towns.",
"The show was expected to spend in excess of $50 million in Texas over the course of the second season.",
"For the final three episodes of the second season, filming took place in Pensacola, Florida to represent Panama.",
"Each episode took eight days to film and approximately $1.4 million went to the local economy per episode.",
"The third season was shot in Dallas and had a budget of $3 million per episode.",
"Several of the exterior scenes with Lincoln and Gretchen negotiating the escape from the Panama jail were shot in the Casco Viejo quarter of Panama City.",
"The principal photography for the fourth season was relocated to Los Angeles, California."
] | [] |
Demographics | What is the population of Brazil as of 2008? | Brazil | false | 5COUNTRY
| [
0
] | [
"The population of Brazil, as recorded by the 2008 PNAD, was approximately 190 million (), with a ratio of men to women of 0.95:1 and 83.75% of the population defined as urban.",
"The population is heavily concentrated in the Southeastern (79.8 million inhabitants) and Northeastern (53.5 million inhabitants) regions, while the two most extensive regions, the Center-West and the North, which together make up 64.12% of the Brazilian territory, have a total of only 29.1 million inhabitants.",
"The first census in Brazil was carried out in 1872 and recorded a population of 9,930,478.",
"From 1880 to 1930, 4 million Europeans arrived.",
"Brazil's population increased significantly between 1940 and 1970, because of a decline in the mortality rate, even though the birth rate underwent a slight decline.",
"In the 1940s the annual population growth rate was 2.4%, rising to 3.0% in the 1950s and remaining at 2.9% in the 1960s, as life expectancy rose from 44 to 54 years and to 72.6 years in 2007.",
"It has been steadily falling since the 1960s, from 3.04% per year between 1950 and 1960 to 1.05% in 2008 and is expected to fall to a negative value of –0.29% by 2050 thus completing the demographic transition.",
"In 2008, the illiteracy rate was 11.48% and among the youth (ages 15–19) 1.74%.",
"It was highest (20.30%) in the Northeast, which had a large proportion of rural poor.",
"Illiteracy was high (24.18%) among the rural population and lower (9.05%) among the urban population."
] | [
0
] |
Collecting from the wider world (1850–75) | Under whose supervision was the library four times growth in size? | British Museum | true | 2TRAVEL
| [
4,
5
] | [
"Collecting from the wider world (1850–75).",
"The opening of the forecourt in 1852 marked the completion of Robert Smirke's 1823 plan, but already adjustments were having to be made to cope with the unforeseen growth of the collections.",
"Infill galleries were constructed for Assyrian sculptures and Sydney Smirke's Round Reading Room, with space for a million books, opened in 1857.",
"Because of continued pressure on space the decision was taken to move natural history to a new building in South Kensington, which would later become the British Museum of Natural History.",
"Roughly contemporary with the construction of the new building was the career of a man sometimes called the \"second founder\" of the British Museum, the Italian librarian Anthony Panizzi.",
"Under his supervision, the British Museum Library (now the British Library) quintupled in size and became a well-organised institution worthy of being called a national library, the largest library in the world after the National Library of Paris.",
"The quadrangle at the centre of Smirke's design proved to be a waste of valuable space and was filled at Panizzi's request by a circular Reading Room of cast iron, designed by Smirke's brother, Sydney Smirke.",
"Until the mid-19th century, the Museum's collections were relatively circumscribed but, in 1851, with the appointment to the staff of Augustus Wollaston Franks to curate the collections, the Museum began for the first time to collect British and European medieval antiquities, prehistory, branching out into Asia and diversifying its holdings of ethnography.",
"Overseas excavations continued and John Turtle Wood discovered the remains of the 4th century BC Temple of Artemis at Ephesos, another Wonder of the Ancient World."
] | [] |
Cross-country skiing equipment | Ski poles are often long enough to reach what body part of the competitor? | Nordic combined | false | 4SPORT
| [
5,
6
] | [
" Bindings",
" Bindings secure only the toe of the boot to the ski.",
" Boots",
" The skating shoe is fixed to the ski with a binding, holding the toe firm.",
"The rear of the boot is built up to shore up the ankle, which is constantly under pressure in skating technique.",
" Poles",
" Long and straight, often reaching up as high as a competitor's nose, with a specially shaped basket designed to allow skiers to push hard and evacuate snow.",
" Skis",
" Narrower and lighter than those used in Alpine skiing.",
"They have long, curved ends and rise up slightly in the middle.",
"They can be up to 2 meters long.",
" Suit",
" Uses stretch fabric hugging the body, similar to a runner’s training clothing.",
" Wax",
" Glide wax is crucial, and determined by snow and weather conditions."
] | [
0
] |
Raising the duck | For how many days and how often are the ducks force fed? | Peking duck | false | 9FOOD
| [
7
] | [
"Raising the duck.",
"The ducks used to prepare Peking Duck originated in Nanjing.",
"They were small, had black feathers, and lived in the canals around the city linking major waterways.",
"With the relocation of the Chinese capital to Beijing, supply barge traffic increased in the area.",
"Often these barges would spill grain into the canals, providing food for the ducks.",
"By the Five Dynasties, the new species of duck had been domesticated by Chinese farmers.",
"Nowadays, Peking Duck is prepared from the Pekin duck (\"Anas platyrhynchos domestica\").",
"Newborn ducks are raised in a free range environment for the first 45 days of their lives, and force fed 4 times a day for the next 15–20 days, resulting in ducks that weigh 5–7 kg (11–15 lbs).",
"The force feeding of the ducks led to an alternate name for the dish, Peking Stuffed Duck ()."
] | [
5
] |
Episodes | How many seasons did Dr Who air? | Doctor Who | false | 1TV
| [
1
] | [
"",
"\"Doctor Who\" originally ran for 26 seasons on BBC One, from 23 November 1963 until 6 December 1989.",
"During the original run, each weekly episode formed part of a story (or \"serial\") — usually of four to six parts in earlier years and three to four in later years.",
"Notable exceptions were: \"The Daleks' Master Plan\", which aired in 12 episodes (plus an earlier one-episode teaser, \"Mission to the Unknown\", featuring none of the regular cast); almost an entire season of seven-episode serials (season 7); the 10-episode serial \"The War Games\"; and \"The Trial of a Time Lord\", which ran for 14 episodes (albeit divided into three production codes and four narrative segments) during season 23.",
"Occasionally serials were loosely connected by a storyline, such as season 8 being devoted to the Doctor battling a rogue Time Lord called The Master, season 16's quest for The Key to Time, season 18's journey through E-Space and the theme of entropy, and season 20's Black Guardian Trilogy.",
"The programme was intended to be educational and for family viewing on the early Saturday evening schedule.",
"Initially, it alternated stories set in the past, which were intended to teach younger audience members about history, with stories set either in the future or in outer space to teach them about science.",
"This was also reflected in the Doctor's original companions, one of whom was a science teacher and another a history teacher.",
"However, science fiction stories came to dominate the programme and the \"historicals\", which were not popular with the production team, were dropped after \"The Highlanders\" (1967).",
"While the show continued to use historical settings, they were generally used as a backdrop for science fiction tales, with one exception: \"Black Orchid\" set in 1920s England.",
"The early stories were serial-like in nature, with the narrative of one story flowing into the next, and each episode having its own title, although produced as distinct stories with their own production codes.",
"Following \"The Gunfighters\" (1966), however, each serial was given its own title, with the individual parts simply being assigned episode numbers.",
"Of the programme's many writers, Robert Holmes was the most prolific, while Douglas Adams became the most well-known outside \"Doctor Who\" itself, due to the popularity of his \"Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\".",
"The serial format changed for the 2005 revival, with each series usually consisting of 13 45-minute, self-contained episodes (60 minutes with adverts, on overseas commercial channels), and an extended episode broadcast on Christmas Day.",
"Each series includes several standalone and multi-part stories, linked with a loose story arc that resolves in the series finale.",
"As in the early \"classic\" era, each episode, whether standalone or part of a larger story, has its own title.",
"Occasionally, regular-series episodes will exceed the 45-minute run time; notably, the episodes \"Journey's End\" from 2008 and \"The Eleventh Hour\" from 2010 exceeded an hour in length.800 \"Doctor Who\" instalments have been televised since 1963, ranging between 25-minute episodes (the most common format), 45-minute episodes (for \"Resurrection of the Daleks\" in the 1984 series, a single season in 1985, and the revival), two feature-length productions (1983's \"The Five Doctors\" and the 1996 television film), eight Christmas specials (most of 60 minutes' duration, one of 72 minutes), and four additional specials ranging from 60 to 75 minutes in 2009, 2010 and 2013.",
"Four mini-episodes, running about eight minutes each, were also produced for the 1993, 2005 and 2007 Children in Need charity appeals, while another mini-episode was produced in 2008 for a \"Doctor Who\"-themed edition of The Proms.",
"The 1993 2-part story, entitled \"Dimensions in Time\", was made in collaboration with the cast of the BBC soap-opera \"EastEnders\" and was filmed partly on the \"EastEnders\" set.",
"A two-part mini-episode was also produced for the 2011 edition of Comic Relief.",
"Starting with the 2009 special \"Planet of the Dead\", the series was filmed in 1080i for HDTV, and broadcast simultaneously on BBC One and BBC HD.",
"To celebrate the 50th anniversary of the show, a special 3D episode, \"The Day of the Doctor\", was broadcast in 2013.",
"In March 2013, it was announced that Tennant and Piper would be returning, and that the episode would have a limited cinematic release worldwide."
] | [
5,
3
] |
Dispositions of forces and tactics | The right division was commanded by who? | Battle of Hastings | true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
9
] | [
"Most recent historians conclude that Harold's forces deployed in a small, dense formation around the top of Caldbec Hill, with their flanks protected by woods and a stream and marshy ground in front of them.",
"Lawson points out the possibility that the English line was a bit longer and extended enough to anchor on one of the streams nearby.",
"The English formed a shield wall, with the front ranks holding their shields close together or even overlapping to provide protection from attack.",
"More is known about the Norman deployment.",
"Duke William appears to have arranged his forces in three groups, or \"battles\", which roughly corresponded to their origins.",
"The left units were the Bretons, along with those from Anjou, Poitou and Maine.",
"This division was led by Alan the Red, a relative of the Breton count.",
"The centre was held by the Normans, under the direct command of the duke and with many of his relatives and kinsmen grouped around the ducal party.",
"The final division on the right consisted of the Frenchmen, along with some men from Picardy, Boulogne, and Flanders.",
"The right was commanded by William fitzOsbern and Count Eustace II of Boulogne.",
"The front lines were archers with a line of foot soldiers armed with spears behind.",
"There were probably a few crossbowmen and slingers in with the archers.",
"The cavalry was held in reserve, and a small group of clergymen and servants situated at the base of Telham Hill was not expected to take part in the fighting.",
"William's disposition of his forces implies that he planned to open the battle with archers in the front rank weakening the enemy with arrows, followed by infantry who would engage in close combat.",
"The infantry would create openings in the English lines that could be exploited by a cavalry charge to break through the English forces and pursue the fleeing soldiers."
] | [
3
] |
Critical response | What was Salvator Gravano's nickname? | The Godfather | false | 6MOVIES
| [
16
] | [
"Since its release, \"The Godfather\" has received critical acclaim.",
"Rotten Tomatoes reports that all 77 critics gave the film a positive review, with an average score of 9.1/10.",
"Metacritic, another review aggregator, assigned the film a perfect weighted average score of 100 (out of 100) based on 14 reviews from mainstream critics, considered to be \"universal acclaim\".",
"Both \"The Godfather\" and \"The Godfather Part II\" were selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry in 1990 and 1993, respectively.",
"International critics routinely list these two among cinema's pinnacle achievements, sometimes considering them as one work.",
"In the decennial 2002 \"Sight & Sound\" poll of film directors, the pair was ranked as the second best film of all time.",
"The critics poll separately voted it fourth.",
"The American Film Institute has listed it second in U.S. film history behind \"Citizen Kane\".",
"Other polls and publications have it first, as well, among them \"Entertainment Weekly\", and \"Empire\" magazine (November 2008)The soundtrack's main theme by Nino Rota was also critically acclaimed; the main theme (\"Speak Softly Love\") is well-known and widely used (see Score Controversy for more information).",
"Director Stanley Kubrick believed that \"The Godfather\" was possibly the greatest movie ever made, and had without question the best cast.",
"Previous Mafia movies had looked at the gangs from the perspective of an outraged outsider.",
"In contrast, \"The Godfather\" presents the gangster's perspective of the Mafia as a response to corrupt society.",
"Although the Corleone family is presented as immensely rich and powerful, no scenes depict prostitution, gambling, loan sharking or other forms of racketeering.",
"Some critics argue that the setting of a criminal counterculture allows for unapologetic gender stereotyping, and is an important part of the film's appeal (\"You can act like a man!",
"\", Don Vito tells a weepy Johnny Fontane).",
"Real-life gangsters responded enthusiastically to the film, with many of them feeling it was a portrayal of how they were supposed to act.",
"Salvatore \"Sammy the Bull\" Gravano, the former underboss in the Gambino crime family, stated: \"I left the movie stunned ...",
"I mean I floated out of the theater.",
"Maybe it was fiction, but for me, then, that was our life.",
"It was incredible.",
"I remember talking to a multitude of guys, made guys, who felt exactly the same way. \"",
"According to Anthony Fiato after seeing the film, Patriarca crime family members Paulie Intiso and Nicky Giso altered their speech patterns closer to that of Vito Corleone's.",
"Intiso would frequently swear and use poor grammar; but after the movie came out, he started to articulate and philosophize more.",
"Remarking on the 40th anniversary of the film's release, film critic John Podhoretz praised \"The Godfather\" as \"arguably \"the\" great American work of popular art\" and \"the summa of all great moviemaking before it\".",
"Two years before, Roger Ebert wrote in his journal that it \"comes closest to being a film everyone agrees... is unquestionably great.\""
] | [
0
] |
Aftermath | On what day did the United States issue a declaration of war against Germany and Italy? | Attack on Pearl Harbor | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
5,
6
] | [
"In the wake of the attack, 15 Medals of Honor, 51 Navy Crosses, 53 Silver Stars, four Navy and Marine Corps Medals, one Distinguished Flying Cross, four Distinguished Service Crosses, one Distinguished Service Medal, and three Bronze Star Medals were awarded to the American servicemen who distinguished themselves in combat at Pearl Harbor.",
"Additionally, a special military award, the Pearl Harbor Commemorative Medal, was later authorized for all military veterans of the attack.",
"The day after the attack, Roosevelt delivered his famous Infamy Speech to a Joint Session of Congress, calling for a formal declaration of war on the Empire of Japan.",
"Congress obliged his request less than an hour later.",
"On December 11 Germany and Italy, honoring their commitments under the Tripartite Pact, declared war on the United States.",
"The Tripartite Pact was an earlier agreement between Germany, Italy and Japan which had the principal objective of limiting U.S. intervention in any conflicts involving the three nations.",
"The United States Congress issued a declaration of war against Germany and Italy later that same day.",
"Britain actually declared war on Japan nine hours before the US did, partially due to Japanese attacks on Malaya, Singapore and Hong Kong, and partially due to Winston Churchill's promise to declare war \"within the hour\" of a Japanese attack on the United States.",
"The attack was an initial shock to all the Allies in the Pacific Theater.",
"Further losses compounded the alarming setback.",
"Japan attacked the Philippines hours later (because of the time difference, it was December 8 in the Philippines).",
"Only three days after the attack on Pearl Harbor, the \"Prince of Wales\" and \"Repulse\" were sunk off the coast of Malaya, causing British Prime Minister Winston Churchill later to recollect \"In all the war I never received a more direct shock.",
"As I turned and twisted in bed the full horror of the news sank in upon me.",
"There were no British or American capital ships in the Indian Ocean or the Pacific except the American survivors of Pearl Harbor who were hastening back to California.",
"Over this vast expanse of waters Japan was supreme and we everywhere were weak and naked\".",
"Throughout the war, Pearl Harbor was frequently used in American propaganda.",
"One further consequence of the attacks on Pearl Harbor and its aftermath (notably the Niihau Incident) was that Japanese American residents and citizens were relocated to nearby Japanese-American internment camps.",
"Within hours of the attack, hundreds of Japanese American leaders were rounded up and brought to high-security camps such as Sand Island at the mouth of Honolulu harbor and Kilauea Military Camp on the island of Hawaii.",
"Later, over 110,000 Japanese Americans, including United States citizens, were removed from their homes and transferred to internment camps in California, Idaho, Utah, Arizona, Wyoming, Colorado, and Arkansas.",
"The attacks also had international consequences.",
"The Canadian province of British Columbia, being situated on the Pacific coast, had long had a large population of Japanese immigrants.",
"Pre-war tensions were exacerbated by the Pearl Harbor attack, leading to a reaction from the Government of Canada.",
"On February 24, 1942, Order-in-Council P.C.",
"no.",
"1486 was passed under the War Measures Act allowing for the forced removal of any and all Canadians of Japanese descent from British Columbia, as well as the prohibiting from them returning to the province.",
"The Japanese were given a choice: either be moved into internment camps or be deported back to Japan."
] | [
0
] |
Modern quantum theory | How old was Einstein when he died? | Albert Einstein | false | 8SCIENCE
| [
1
] | [
"Einstein was displeased with quantum theory and mechanics (the very theory he helped create), despite its acceptance by other physicists, stating that God \"is not playing at dice.\"",
"Einstein continued to maintain his disbelief in the theory, and attempted unsuccessfully to disprove it until he died at the age of 76.",
"In 1917, at the height of his work on relativity, Einstein published an article in \"Physikalische Zeitschrift\" that proposed the possibility of stimulated emission, the physical process that makes possible the maser and the laser.",
"This article showed that the statistics of absorption and emission of light would only be consistent with Planck's distribution law if the emission of light into a mode with n photons would be enhanced statistically compared to the emission of light into an empty mode.",
"This paper was enormously influential in the later development of quantum mechanics, because it was the first paper to show that the statistics of atomic transitions had simple laws.",
"Einstein discovered Louis de Broglie's work, and supported his ideas, which were received skeptically at first.",
"In another major paper from this era, Einstein gave a wave equation for de Broglie waves, which Einstein suggested was the Hamilton–Jacobi equation of mechanics.",
"This paper would inspire Schrödinger's work of 1926."
] | [
2,
5
] |
Demographics | Which country has the largest expatriate Lebanese population? | Lebanon | false | 5COUNTRY
| [
7
] | [
"The population of Lebanon was estimated to be 4,125,247 in July 2010, however no official census has been conducted since 1932 due to the sensitive confessional political balance between Lebanon's various religious groups.",
"Identifying all Lebanese as ethnically Arab is a widely employed example of panethnicity since in reality, the Lebanese “are descended from many different peoples who have occupied, invaded, or settled this corner of the world,” making Lebanon, “a mosaic of closely interrelated cultures”.",
"While at first glance, this ethnic, linguistic, religious and denominational diversity might seem to cause civil and political unrest, “for much of Lebanon’s history this multitudinous diversity of religious communities has coexisted with little conflict”.",
"The fertility rate fell from 5.00 in 1971 to 1.75 in 2004.",
"Fertility rates vary considerably among the different religious groups: in 2004 it was 2.10 for Shiites, 1.76 Sunnis and 1.61 for Maronites.",
"Lebanon has witnessed a series of migration waves: over 1,500,000 people emigrated from the country in the 1975–2011 period.",
"Millions of people of Lebanese descent are spread throughout the world, mostly Christians, especially in Latin America.",
"Brazil has the largest expatriate population.",
"\"(See Lebanese Brazilians)\".",
"Large numbers of Lebanese migrated to West Africa, particularly to the Ivory Coast (home to over 100,000 Lebanese) and Senegal (roughly 30,000 Lebanese).",
"Australia is home to over 270,000 Lebanese (1999 est.",
"As of 2012, Lebanon was host to over 460,000 refugees and asylum seekers: 405,425 Palestinians, 50,000–60,000 from Iraq, over 80,000 from Syria, and 4,500 from Sudan.",
"Their primary sources of income are UNRWA aid and menial labor sought in competition with about 300,000 Syrian guest workers.",
"The latest estimates by the United Nations put the number of Syrian refugees at more than 850,000.",
"In the last three decades, lengthy and destructive armed conflicts have ravaged the country.",
"The majority of Lebanese have been affected by armed conflict; those with direct personal experience include 75% of the population, and most others report suffering a range of hardships.",
"In total, almost the entire population (96%) has been affected insome way – either personally or because of the wider consequences of armed conflict."
] | [] |
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