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Abstract
|
What country is Taekwondo baised out of?
|
Taekwondo
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
0
] |
[
"Taekwondo or (Korean 태권도 (hangul) / 跆拳道 (hanja), ) is a Korean martial art.",
"It combines combat and self-defense techniques with sport and exercise.",
"\"Gyeorugi\" (), a type of sparring, has been an Olympic event since 2000.",
"Taekwondo was developed by a variety of Korean masters during the 1940s as partial combination of taekkyeon, Okinawan karate, and other traditions.",
"The name \"taekwondo\" was coined by Choi Hong Hi (of the Oh Do Kwan).",
"The World Taekwondo Federation claims that taekwondo development was a collaborative effort by a council consisting of members from the nine original kwans, while the International Taekwon-Do Federation credits Choi Hong Hi solely.",
"\"Traditional taekwondo\" typically refers to the martial art as it was established in the 1950s and 1960s in the South Korean military and in various civilian organizations, including schools and universities.",
"In particular, the names and symbolism of the both the traditional patterns and the newer poomsae often refer to elements of Korean history, culture and religious philosophy.",
"This symbolism is replicated in the Korean flag.",
"\"Sport taekwondo\" was developed in the 1950s and may have a somewhat different focus, especially in terms of its emphasis on speed and competition (as in Olympic sparring).",
"Sport taekwondo is in turn subdivided into two main styles.",
"One style is practiced by International Taekwon-Do adherents and was created in 1955 by Choi Hong Hi.",
"The other style derives from Kukkiwon, the source of the sparring system \"sihap gyeorugi\".",
"This style is now an event at the summer Olympic Games and is governed by the World Taekwondo Federation (WTF).",
"Kukkiwon (World Taekwondo Headquarters) is the traditional center for WTF taekwondo and was founded in 1973 by Dr. Kim Un Yong.",
"Although there are doctrinal and technical differences between sparring in the two main styles and among the various organizations, the art in general emphasizes kicks and punches thrown from a mobile stance.",
"Taekwondo training generally includes a system of blocks, kicks, punches, and open-handed strikes and may also include various take-downs or sweeps, throws, and joint locks.",
"Pressure points, known as \"jiapsul\", are used, as well as grabbing self-defense techniques borrowed from other martial arts such as Japanese judo, Korean hapkido, and Korean wrestling or ssireum.",
"In Korean, \"tae\" (태, ) means \"to strike or break with the foot\"; \"kwon\" (권, ) means \"to strike or break with the fist\"; and \"do\" (도, ) means \"way of life\".",
"Thus, \"taekwondo\" may be loosely translated as \"the way of the foot and the hand.\"",
"The name \"taekwondo\" is also written as \"taekwon-do\", \"tae kwon-do\", or \"tae kwon do\" by various organizations."
] |
[
0
] |
Production
|
Who helped turn ice harvesting into a big business?
|
Ice cream
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
2,
3
] |
[
"Before the development of modern refrigeration, ice cream was a luxury reserved for special occasions.",
"Making it was quite laborious; ice was cut from lakes and ponds during the winter and stored in holes in the ground, or in wood-frame or brick ice houses, insulated by straw.",
"Many farmers and plantation owners, including U.S. Presidents George Washington and Thomas Jefferson, cut and stored ice in the winter for use in the summer.",
"Frederic Tudor of Boston turned ice harvesting and shipping into a big business, cutting ice in New England and shipping it around the world.",
"Ice cream was made by hand in a large bowl placed inside a tub filled with ice and salt.",
"This was called the pot-freezer method.",
"French confectioners refined the pot-freezer method, making ice cream in a sorbetière (a covered pail with a handle attached to the lid).",
"In the pot-freezer method, the temperature of the ingredients is reduced by the mixture of crushed ice and salt.",
"The salt water is cooled by the ice, and the action of the salt on the ice causes it to (partially) melt, absorbing latent heat and bringing the mixture below the freezing point of pure water.",
"The immersed container can also make better thermal contact with the salty water and ice mixture than it could with ice alone.",
"The hand-cranked churn, which also uses ice and salt for cooling, replaced the pot-freezer method.",
"The exact origin of the hand-cranked freezer is unknown, but the first U.S. patent for one was #3254 issued to Nancy Johnson on September 9, 1843.",
"The hand-cranked churn produced smoother ice cream than the pot freezer and did it quicker.",
"Many inventors patented improvements on Johnson's design.",
"In Europe and early America, ice cream was made and sold by small businesses, mostly confectioners and caterers.",
"Jacob Fussell of Baltimore, Maryland was the first to manufacture ice cream on a large scale.",
"Fussell bought fresh dairy products from farmers in York County, Pennsylvania, and sold them in Baltimore.",
"An unstable demand for his dairy products often left him with a surplus of cream, which he made into ice cream.",
"He built his first ice cream factory in Seven Valleys, Pennsylvania, in 1851.",
"Two years later, he moved his factory to Baltimore.",
"Later, he opened factories in several other cities and taught the business to others, who operated their own plants.",
"Mass production reduced the cost of ice cream and added to its popularity.",
"The development of industrial refrigeration by German engineer Carl von Linde during the 1870s eliminated the need to cut and store natural ice, and, when the continuous-process freezer was perfected in 1926, commercial mass production of ice cream and the birth of the modern ice cream industry was underway.",
"The most common method for producing ice cream at home is to use an ice cream maker, in modern times, in general, an electrical device that churns the ice cream mixture while cooled inside a household freezer, or using a solution of pre-frozen salt and water, which gradually melts while the ice cream freezes.",
"Some more expensive models have an inbuilt freezing element.",
"A newer method of making home-made ice cream is to add liquid nitrogen to the mixture while stirring it using a spoon or spatula for a few seconds; a similar technique, advocated by Heston Blumenthal as ideal for home cooks, is to add dry ice to the mixture while stirring for a few minutes.",
"Some ice cream recipes call for making a custard, folding in whipped cream, and immediately freezing the mixture."
] |
[
3
] |
Abstract
|
What percentage of people are Tai?
|
Thailand
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
7
] |
[
"Thailand ( or ; , ), officially the Kingdom of Thailand (, ; ), formerly known as Siam (; ), is a country located at the centre of the Indochina peninsula in Southeast Asia.",
"It is bordered to the north by Burma and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the west by the Andaman Sea and the southern extremity of Burma.",
"Its maritime boundaries include Vietnam in the Gulf of Thailand to the southeast, and Indonesia and India in the Andaman Sea to the southwest.",
"The country is a constitutional monarchy, headed by King Rama IX, the ninth king of the House of Chakri, who, having reigned since 1946, is the world's longest-serving current head of state and the longest-reigning monarch in Thai history.",
"The king of Thailand is titled Head of State, Head of the Armed Forces, Adherent of Buddhism, and Upholder of religions.",
"Thailand is the world's 51st-largest country in terms of total area, with an area of approximately , and is the 20th-most-populous country, with around 64 million people.",
"The capital and largest city is Bangkok, which is Thailand's political, commercial, industrial and cultural hub.",
"About 75–85% of the population is ethnically Tai, which includes the four major regional groups, consisting of Central Thai (Khon Pak Klang): 30%; Northeastern Thai (Khon Isan): 22%, Northern Thai (Khon Lanna): 9%; and Southern Thai (Khon Tai): 7%.",
"Thai Chinese, those of significant Chinese heritage, are 14% of the population and up to 40% possess part-Chinese ancestry.",
"Thai Malays represent 3% of the population and the rest belong to minority groups, including Mons, Khmers and various \"hill tribes\".",
"The country's official language is Thai and the primary religion is Buddhism, which is practised by around 95% of the population.",
"Thailand experienced rapid economic growth between 1985 and 1996, and is presently a newly industrialized country and a major exporter.",
"Tourism also contributes significantly to the Thai economy.",
"The country was ranked second in the 2014 United Nations Human Development Index (HDI), which measures quality of life according to areas such as life expectancy and income.",
"There are approximately 2.2 million legal and illegal migrants in Thailand, and the country attracts a significant number of expatriates from developed countries."
] |
[
0
] |
Casting
|
What actor was prevented from working on the movie Silver Linings Playbook due to having to film The Dark Knight Rises?
|
Silver Linings Playbook
| true | 6MOVIES
|
[
6
] |
[
"Russell initially intended to make the film with Vince Vaughn and Zooey Deschanel, but went on to make \"The Fighter\" instead.",
"Mark Wahlberg was set to work with Russell for the fourth time but had to drop out after delays in production created a scheduling conflict.",
"Russell had planned to work with Bradley Cooper on an adaptation of \"Pride and Prejudice and Zombies\", but that fell through.",
"Cooper's performance in \"Wedding Crashers\" impressed Russell, who noted his \"good bad-guy energy\", saying \"You're not sure where he's coming from.\"",
"Cooper told Russell \"he had been heavier and angrier and more fearful\" at the time of that performance and had drawn on those feelings for it.",
"Russell was excited that Cooper would bring those qualities to Pat Solatano.",
"Anne Hathaway was cast as Tiffany Maxwell but due to scheduling conflicts with \"The Dark Knight Rises\" and creative differences with Russell, she dropped out.",
"Other actresses who were considered for the part included Elizabeth Banks, Kirsten Dunst, Angelina Jolie, Blake Lively, Rooney Mara, Rachel McAdams, Andrea Riseborough and Olivia Wilde.",
"Russell did not believe Lawrence was suitable for the role and her audition was only a formality.",
"He thought Lawrence (21 at the time of filming) was too young to play against Cooper (37), but her audition changed his mind.",
"\"There's an expressiveness in her eyes and in her face, that many stars have to work for, that's ageless,\" he said.",
"Russell compares Lawrence to the character Tiffany, describing her as confident but one of the least neurotic people he knows, with the confidence and glimpses of vulnerability needed to play Tiffany.",
"Tiffany went through several iterations.",
"She was initially meant to be a goth.",
"Lawrence dyed her hair black and did test shoots in heavy goth makeup, but Harvey Weinstein balked at this.",
"The character remained messed-up yet confident, with small goth touches such as the dark hair and a cross.",
"To her surprise Russell asked Lawrence to put on weight for the role.",
"Russell also convinced her to speak in a lower register, despite Lawrence thinking her naturally low voice makes her sound like a \"chain-smoking hermit.",
"\"According to \"Entertainment Weekly\", Lawrence said she didn't have a handle on Tiffany at first, which was what excited her about the role.",
"\"She was just a character I 100 percent did not understand at all... She's like, 'I'm messed up, I'm not like everybody else, I've got issues.",
"Take it or leave it because I like myself.",
"Lawrence and Cooper had no previous dance experience.",
"In less than a month, Mandy Moore, a choreographer for \"So You Think You Can Dance\", taught them the dance sequences.",
"Moore describes Cooper as having \"some real natural dancing ability\" and Lawrence joked that before training began, she was a bad dancer, \"like I'm a dad at a prom.\"",
"Lawrence said of the climactic ballroom dance, \"None of that was improvised, absolutely not.",
"I'm a terrible dancer, so I would never have been able to do any of that.",
"When it finally came together, that scene really was just as fun as it feels.\""
] |
[
0
] |
Ptolemaic and Roman Egypt
|
Where was Ptolemaic Kingdom's location?
|
Egypt
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
0
] |
[
"The Ptolemaic Kingdom was a powerful Hellenistic state, extending from southern Syria in the east, to Cyrene to the west, and south to the frontier with Nubia.",
"Alexandria became the capital city and a center of Greek culture and trade.",
"To gain recognition by the native Egyptian populace, they named themselves as the successors to the Pharaohs.",
"The later Ptolemies took on Egyptian traditions, had themselves portrayed on public monuments in Egyptian style and dress, and participated in Egyptian religious life.",
"The last ruler from the Ptolemaic line was Cleopatra VII, who committed suicide following the burial of her lover Mark Antony who had died in her arms (from a self-inflicted stab wound), after Octavian had captured Alexandria and her mercenary forces had fled.",
"The Ptolemies faced rebellions of native Egyptians often caused by an unwanted regime and were involved in foreign and civil wars that led to the decline of the kingdom and its annexation by Rome.",
"Nevertheless Hellenistic culture continued to thrive in Egypt well after the Muslim conquest.",
"Christianity was brought to Egypt by Saint Mark the Evangelist in the 1st century.",
"Diocletian's reign marked the transition from the Roman to the Byzantine era in Egypt, when a great number of Egyptian Christians were persecuted.",
"The New Testament had by then been translated into Egyptian.",
"After the Council of Chalcedon in AD 451, a distinct Egyptian Coptic Church was firmly established."
] |
[
4
] |
Architecture
|
When did Japan annex Korea?
|
South Korea
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
8
] |
[
"Because of South Korea's tumultuous history, construction and destruction has been repeated endlessly, resulting in an interesting melange of architectural styles and designs.",
"Korean traditional architecture is characterized by its harmony with nature.",
"Ancient architects adopted the bracket system characterized by thatched roofs and heated floors called \"ondol\".",
"People of the upper classes built bigger houses with elegantly curved tiled roofs with lifting eaves.",
"Traditional architecture can be seen in the palaces and temples, preserved old houses called \"hanok\", and special sites like Hahoe Folk Village, Yangdong Village of Gyeongju and Korean Folk Village.",
"Traditional architecture may also be seen at the nine UNESCO World Heritage Sites in South Korea.",
"Western architecture was first introduced to Korea at the end of the 19th century.",
"Churches, offices for foreign legislation, schools and university buildings were built in new styles.",
"With the annexation of Korea by Japan in 1910 the colonial regime intervened in Korea's architectural heritage, and Japanese-style modern architecture was imposed.",
"The anti-Japanese sentiment, and the Korean War, led to the destruction of most buildings constructed during that time.",
"Korean architecture entered a new phase of development during the post-Korean War reconstruction, incorporating modern architectural trends and styles.",
"Stimulated by the economic growth in the 1970s and 1980s, active redevelopment saw new horizons in architectural design.",
"In the aftermath of the 1988 Seoul Olympics, South Korea has witnessed a wide variation of styles in its architectural landscape due, in large part, to the opening up of the market to foreign architects.",
"Contemporary architectural efforts have been constantly trying to balance the traditional philosophy of \"harmony with nature\" and the fast-paced urbanization that the country has been going through in recent years."
] |
[
2
] |
Location
|
Where did the last supper take place?
|
Last Supper
| false | 3ART
|
[
0
] |
[
"According to later tradition, the Last Supper took place in what is called today The Room of the Last Supper on Mount Zion, just outside of the walls of the Old City of Jerusalem, and is traditionally known as \"The Upper Room\".",
"This is based on the account in the Synoptic Gospels that states that Jesus had instructed a pair of unnamed disciples to go to \"the city\" to meet \"a man carrying a jar of water\", who would lead them to a house, where they would find \"a large upper room furnished and ready\".",
"In this upper room they \"prepare the Passover\".",
"No more specific indication of the location is given in the New Testament, and the \"city\" referred to may be a suburb of Jerusalem, such as Bethany, rather than Jerusalem itself.",
"The traditional location is in an area that, according to archaeology, had a large Essene community, a point made by scholars who suspect a link between Jesus and the group (Kilgallen 265).",
"Saint Mark's Syrian Orthodox Church in Jerusalem is another possible site for the room in which the Last Supper was held, and contains a Christian stone inscription testifying to early reverence for that spot.",
"Certainly the room they have is older than that of the current coenaculum (crusader - 12th century) and as the room is now underground the relative altitude is correct (the streets of 1st century Jerusalem were at least twelve feet (3.6 metres) lower than those of today, so any true building of that time would have even its upper storey currently under the earth).",
"They also have a revered Icon of the Virgin Mary, reputedly painted from life by St Luke.",
"Bargil Pixner claims the original site is located beneath the current structure of the Cenacle on Mount Zion."
] |
[
4
] |
Clothing and fashion
|
Where is the Pakistan Fashion Design Council based?
|
Pakistan
| false | 5COUNTRY
|
[
8
] |
[
"The shalwar kameez is the national dress of Pakistan and is worn by men and women in all four provinces Punjab, Sindh, Baluchistan, Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa and FATA in the country and in Azad Kashmir.",
"Each province has its own style of wearing the Shalwar Qameez.",
"Pakistanis wairclothes range from exquisite colors and designs to the type of fabric (silk, chiffon, cotton, etc.",
"Pakistani fashion has flourished well in the changing environment of fashion world.",
"Since Pakistan came into being its fashion has been historically evolved from different phases and made its unique identity apart from Indian fashion and culture.",
"At this time, Pakistani fashion is a combination of traditional and modern dresses and it has become the cultural identification of Pakistan.",
"Despite of all modern trends, the regional and traditional dresses have developed their own significance as a symbol of native tradition.",
"This regional fashion is not static but evolving into more modern and pure forms.",
"The Pakistan Fashion Design Council based in Lahore organizes \"Fashion Week\" and Fashion Pakistan based in Karachi organizes fashion shows in that city.",
"Pakistan’s first fashion week was held in November 2009."
] |
[
4
] |
Plot
|
What was Suzy Bishop's house called in "Moonrise Kingdom"?
|
Moonrise Kingdom
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
1
] |
[
"In September 1965, on a New England island called New Penzance, 12-year-old orphan Sam Shakusky is attending a Khaki Scout summer camp, Camp Ivanhoe, led by Scoutmaster Randy Ward.",
"Suzy Bishop, also 12, lives on the island with her parents, Walt and Lauraboth attorneysand her three younger brothers in a house called Summer's End.",
"Sam and Suzy, both introverted, intelligent, and mature for their age, met in the summer of 1964 during a church performance of \"Noye's Fludde\" and have been pen pals since then.",
"Having fallen in love over the course of their correspondence, they have made a secret pact to reunite and run away together.",
"Sam brings camping equipment, and Suzy brings her binoculars, six books, her cat, and her brother's battery-powered record player.",
"They hike, camp, and fish together in the wilderness with the goal of reaching a secluded cove on the island.",
"They are confronted by a group of Khaki Scouts who try to capture them, and during the resulting altercation Suzy injures one of the Scouts with scissors and Camp Ivanhoe's dog is killed by a stray shot from a bow and arrow wielded by one of the Scouts.",
"The Scouts flee, and Sam and Suzy hike to the cove, which they name Moonrise Kingdom.",
"They set up camp, and go swimming.",
"Later, while drying off, they begin dancing to Françoise Hardy in their underwear.",
"As the romantic tension between them grows, they kiss repeatedly.",
"Suzy's parents, Scoutmaster Ward, the Scouts from Camp Ivanhoe, and Island Police Captain Duffy Sharp find Sam and Suzy in their tent at the cove.",
"Suzy's parents take her home and when Sharp contacts the foster parents he is told that they no longer wish to house Sam.",
"He stays with Sharp while they await the arrival of \"Social Services\"an otherwise nameless woman with plans to place Sam in a \"juvenile refuge\" and to explore the possibility of treating him with electroshock therapy.",
"The Camp Ivanhoe Scouts have a change of heart and decide to help the couple.",
"Together, they paddle to neighboring St. Jack Wood Island to seek out the help of Cousin Ben, an older relative of one of the Scouts.",
"Ben works at Fort Lebanon, a larger Khaki Scout summer camp located on St. Jack Wood Island and run by Commander Pierce, who is Ward's boss and views Ward as incompetent.",
"Ben decides that the best available option is to try to get Sam and Suzy aboard a crabbing boat anchored off the island so that Sam can work as a crewman and avoid Social Services, but before leaving he performs a \"wedding\" ceremony, which he admits is not legally binding.",
"Sam and Suzy never make it onto the crabbing boat, and instead are pursued by Suzy's parents, Captain Sharp, Social Services, and the Scouts of Fort Lebanon under the command of Scoutmaster Ward, who displays great leadership after Commander Pierce is incapacitated.",
"A violent hurricane and flash flood strike only three days after Sam and Suzy first ran away from home and, after many twists and turns, Sharp apprehends Sam and Suzy on the steeple of the church in which they first met.",
"The steeple is destroyed by lightning, but everyone survives.",
"During the storm, Sharp decides to become Sam's legal guardian, thus saving Sam from the orphanage, as well as allowing him to remain on New Penzance Island and maintain contact with Suzy.",
"At Summer's End, Sam is painting a landscape of Moonrise Kingdom.",
"Suzy and her brothers are called to dinner.",
"Sam tells Suzy, \"See you tomorrow\", and slips out through the window to join Sharp in his patrol car."
] |
[
0
] |
Abstract
|
Was 1880 the year Robin conceived the figure?
|
The Thinker
| false | 3ART
|
[
3
] |
[
"The Thinker (\"\") is a bronze sculpture by Auguste Rodin, usually placed on a stone pedestal.",
"The work shows a nude male figure of over life-size sitting on a rock with his chin resting on one hand as though deep in thought, and is often used as an image to represent philosophy.",
"There are about 28 full size castings, in which the figure is about high, though not all were made during Rodin's lifetime and under his supervision, as well as various other versions, several in plaster, studies, and posthumous castings, in a range of sizes.",
"Rodin first conceived the figure as part of another work in 1880, but the first of the familiar monumental bronze castings did not appear until 1904."
] |
[] |
Homosexuals
|
How many gays were in concentration camps?
|
The Holocaust
| true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
0
] |
[
"Between 5,000 and 15,000 homosexuals of German nationality are estimated to have been sent to concentration camps.",
"James D. Steakley writes that what mattered in Germany was criminal intent or character, rather than criminal acts, and the \"\"gesundes Volksempfinden\"\" (\"healthy sensibility of the people\") became the leading normative legal principle.",
"In 1936, Himmler created the Reich Central Office for the Combating of Homosexuality and Abortion.",
"Homosexuality was declared contrary to \"wholesome popular sentiment,\" and homosexuals were consequently regarded as \"defilers of German blood.\"",
"The Gestapo raided gay bars, tracked individuals using the address books of those they arrested, used the subscription lists of gay magazines to find others, and encouraged people to report suspected homosexual behavior and to scrutinize the behavior of their neighbors.",
"Tens of thousands were convicted between 1933 and 1944 and sent to camps for \"rehabilitation\", where they were identified by yellow armbands and later pink triangles worn on the left side of the jacket and the right trouser leg, which singled them out for sexual abuse.",
"Hundreds were castrated by court order.",
"They were humiliated, tortured, used in hormone experiments conducted by SS doctors, and killed.",
"Steakley writes that the full extent of gay suffering was slow to emerge after the war.",
"Many victims kept their stories to themselves because homosexuality remained criminalized in postwar Germany.",
"Around two percent of German homosexuals were persecuted by Nazis."
] |
[
5
] |
Origins
|
Who is the model for the statue "The Thinker?"
|
The Thinker
| false | 3ART
|
[
4,
5
] |
[
"Originally named \"The Poet\" (\"\"), the \"Thinker\" was initially a figure in a large commission, begun in 1880, for a doorway surround called \"The Gates of Hell\".",
"Rodin based this on \"The Divine Comedy\" of Dante, and most of the many figures in the work represented the main characters in the epic poem.",
"Some critics believe \"The Thinker\", at the centre of the composition over the doorway and at about 70 cm high larger than most other figures, was originally intended to depict Dante at the Gates of Hell, pondering his great poem.",
"However, there are questionable aspects to this interpretation, including that the figure is naked, Dante is fully clothed throughout his poem, and that the figure, as used, in no way corresponds to Dante's effete figure.",
"The sculpture is nude, as Rodin wanted a heroic figure in the tradition of Michelangelo, to represent intellect as well as poetry.",
"This detail from the \"Gates of Hell\" was first named \"The Thinker\" by foundry workers, who noted its similarity to Michelangelo's statue of Lorenzo de Medici called \"\"\"\" (The Thinker).",
"Rodin decided to treat the figure as an independent work, at a larger size.",
"The figure was designed to be seen from below, and is normally displayed on a fairly high plinth, though the heights chosen by the various owners for these vary considerably."
] |
[
3
] |
Recognition and awards
|
Who penned We found love?
|
We Found Love
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
2
] |
[
"MTV chose \"We Found Love\" as the third best song of 2011, and \"Video of the Year\" at the MTV Video Music Awards 2012.",
"The writers of the website further commented, \"The leadoff single from \"Talk That Talk\" is where Rihanna fully embraced EDM.",
"Produced by Calvin Harris, 'We Found Love' is a swirling party track about love and loss, the rare song that manages to be sad and joyous all at once.",
"And it is a pinnacle of the pop/dance crossover, a throwback to '90s raves that could make even the most stoic lover of pop want to break out a glow stick and just dance.",
"Rob Sheffield of \"Rolling Stone\" put \"We Found Love\" at number eleven on his list of Top 25 Songs of 2011 commenting, \"While her other hits tried to camouflage her spindly voice, here it just strains for that spindly melody.\"",
"It was named the third biggest love song of all time by \"Billboard\"."
] |
[
3
] |
Synopsis
|
Who is the lead character in The Mentalist?
|
The Mentalist
| true | 1TV
|
[
0
] |
[
"The series follows Patrick Jane, an independent consultant for the California Bureau of Investigation (CBI) based in Sacramento, California.",
"Although not an officer of the law, he uses skills from his former career as a successful yet admittedly fraudulent psychic medium to help a team of CBI agents solve murders.",
"The ultimate goal of Patrick Jane in his cooperation with the CBI is to track down the killer known as \"Red John,\" who was responsible for the brutal murders of his wife and daughter.",
"Jane formerly had a lucrative career as a con man, successfully posing as a psychic medium and enjoying near-celebrity status.",
"Five years before the events in the show's pilot episode, he appeared on television to claim that his paranormal abilities helped the police profile a serial killer named Red John.",
"Red John, angered by the perceived slight, murdered Jane's wife and young daughter in revenge.",
"Jane subsequently abandoned his job as a psychic and teamed with the CBI, using his skills to help them solve various crimes.",
"His main focus is on the cases involving Red John or Red John copycats.",
"He admits to faking the supernatural aspects of his skills, often asserting that \"there's no such thing as psychics,\" yet he has finely honed skills in cold reading, hypnosis, and pickpocketing, as well as powerful observational skill and a deep insight into the human psyche and behavior.",
"His last act at CBI was to finally find Red John and kill him.",
"After spending two years off the grid, Jane cut a deal with the FBI to work for them, bringing with him former CBI Senior Agent Teresa Lisbon, the only person who seems to be able to keep Jane's theatrics and lack of boundaries under control.",
"Jane and Lisbon work with their former fellow CBI agent Kimball Cho, FBI Agent Kim Fischer, are supervised by the no-nonsense Agent Dennis Abbott and are now based in Austin, Texas.",
"The rest of the former CBI team, Wayne Rigsby and Grace Van Pelt, have started their own security firm, but keep in touch with their former colleagues."
] |
[
3
] |
Pond hockey
|
Where are the US Pond Hockey championships played?
|
Ice hockey
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
4
] |
[
"Pond hockey is a form of ice hockey played generally as pick-up hockey on lakes, ponds and artificial outdoor rinks during the winter.",
"Pond hockey is commonly referred to in hockey circles as shinny.",
"Its rules differ from traditional hockey because there is no hitting and very little shooting, placing a greater emphasis on skating, puckhandling and passing abilities.",
"Since 2002, the World Pond Hockey Championship has been played on Roulston Lake in Plaster Rock, New Brunswick, Canada.",
"Since 2006, the U.S. Pond Hockey Championships have been played in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and the Canadian National Pond Hockey Championships have been played in Huntsville, Ontario."
] |
[
4
] |
Abstract
|
Cereal was derived from the name of which Roman Goddess?
|
Cereal
| true | 9FOOD
|
[
5,
6
] |
[
"A cereal is a grass, a member of the monocot family Poaceae, cultivated for the edible components of its grain (botanically, a type of fruit called a caryopsis), composed of the endosperm, germ, and bran.",
"Cereal grains are grown in greater quantities and provide more food energy worldwide than any other type of crop; they are therefore staple crops.",
"In their natural form (as in \"whole grain\"), they are a rich source of vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, fats, oils, and protein.",
"However, when refined by the removal of the bran and germ, the remaining endosperm is mostly carbohydrate and lacks the majority of the other nutrients.",
"In some developing nations, grain in the form of rice, wheat, millet, or maize constitutes a majority of daily sustenance.",
"In developed nations, cereal consumption is moderate and varied but still substantial.",
"The word \"cereal\" derives from \"Ceres\", the name of the Roman goddess of harvest and agriculture."
] |
[] |
Critical response
|
What was written about moonrise kingdom in the atlantic?
|
Moonrise Kingdom
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
4
] |
[
"Critical response.",
"\"Moonrise Kingdom\" received widespread acclaim; review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a rating of 94% based on reviews from 223 critics, with an average score of 8.2/10.",
"Review aggregation website Metacritic gives the film a weighted average score of 84 (out of 100), based on 43 reviews, indicating \"universal acclaim\".",
"Peter Bradshaw of \"The Guardian\" gives the film 4 stars out of 5, calling it \"another sprightly confection of oddities, attractively eccentric, witty and strangely clothed.\"",
"Christopher Orr of \"The Atlantic\" wrote that \"Moonrise Kingdom\" \"captures the texture of childhood summers, the sense of having a limited amount of time in which to do unlimited things\" and is \"Anderson's best live-action feature\" because \"it takes as its primary subject matter odd, precocious children, rather than the damaged and dissatisfied adults they will one day become.",
"\"Kristen M. Jones of \"Film Comment\" wrote that the film \"has a spontaneity and yearning that lend an easy comic rhythm\", but it also has a \"rapt quality, as if we are viewing the events through Suzy's binoculars or reading the story under the covers by a flashlight.\""
] |
[
0
] |
Stylistic analysis and artistic legacy
|
How many people went through the Vatican in one day in January 2007?
|
Sistine Chapel ceiling
| false | 3ART
|
[
18
] |
[
"Michelangelo was the artistic heir to the great 15th-century sculptors and painters of Florence.",
"He learnt his trade first under the direction of a masterly fresco painter, Domenico Ghirlandaio, known for two great fresco cycles in the Sassetti Chapel and Tornabuoni Chapel, and for his contribution to the cycle of paintings on the walls of the Sistine Chapel.",
"As a student Michelangelo studied and drew from the works of the two most renowned Florentine fresco painters of the early Renaissance, Giotto and Masaccio.",
"Masaccio's figures of Adam and Eve being expelled from the Garden of Eden had a profound effect on the depiction of the nude in general, and in particular on the use of the nude figure to convey human emotion.",
"Helen Gardner says that in the hands of Michelangelo \"the body is simply the manifestation of the soul, or of a state of mind and character\".",
"Michelangelo was also almost certainly influenced by the paintings of Luca Signorelli whose paintings, particularly the \"Death and Resurrection Cycle\" in Orvieto Cathedral contain a great number of nudes and inventive figurative compositions.",
"In Bologna, Michelangelo saw the relief sculptures of Jacopo della Quercia around the doors of the cathedral.",
"In Michelangelo's depiction of the \"Creation of Eve\" the whole composition, the form of the figures and the relatively conservative concept of the relationship between Eve and her Creator adheres closely to Jacopo's design.",
"Other panels on the ceiling, most particularly the iconic \"Creation of Adam\" show \"...unprecedented invention\".",
"The ceiling of the Sistine Chapel was to have a profound effect upon other artists, even before it was completed.",
"Vasari, in his Life of Raphael, tells us that Bramante, who had the keys to the chapel, let Raphael in to examine the paintings in Michelangelo's absence.",
"On seeing Michelangelo's prophets, Raphael went back to the picture of the Prophet Isaiah that he was painting on a column in the Church of Sant'Agostino and, according to Vasari, although it was finished, he scraped it off the wall and repainted it in a much more powerful manner, in imitation of Michelangelo.",
"John O'Malley points out that even earlier than the Isaiah is Raphael's inclusion of the figure of Heraclitus in the \"School of Athens\", a brooding figure similar to Michelangelo's Jeremiah, but with the countenace of Michelangelo himself, and leaning on a block of marble.",
"There was hardly a design element on the ceiling that was not subsequently imitated: the fictive architecture, the muscular anatomy, the foreshortening, the dynamic motion, the luminous colouration, the haunting expressions of the figures in the lunettes, the abundance of putti.",
"Gabriele Bartz and Eberhard König have said of the \"Ignudi\", \"There is no image that has had a more lasting effect on following generations than this.",
"Henceforth similar figures disported themselves in innumerable decorative works, be they painted, formed in stucco or even sculpted.",
"\"Within Michelangelo's own work, the chapel ceiling led to the later and more Mannerist painting of the Last Judgement in which the crowded compositions gave full rein to his inventiveness in painting contorted and foreshortened figures expressing despair or jubilation.",
"Among the artists in whose work can be seen the direct influence of Michelangelo are Pontormo, Andrea del Sarto, Correggio, Tintoretto, Annibale Carracci, Paolo Veronese and El Greco.",
"In January 2007, it was claimed that as many as 10,000 visitors passed through the Vatican Museums in a day and that the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel is the biggest attraction.",
"The Vatican, anxious at the possibility that the newly restored frescoes will suffer damage, announced plans to reduce visiting hours and raise the price in an attempt to discourage visitors.",
"Five hundred years earlier Vasari had said \"The whole world came running when the vault was revealed, and the sight of it was enough to reduce them to stunned silence.\""
] |
[
5
] |
Vertebrate anatomy
|
What is used to make nervous tissue?
|
Anatomy
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
1
] |
[
"All vertebrates are built along the basic chordate body plan: a stiff rod running through the length of the animal (vertebral column or notochord), with a hollow tube of nervous tissue, the spinal cord above it and the gastrointestinal tract below.",
"Nervous tissue is derived from the ectoderm, connective tissues are derived from mesoderm, and gut is derived from the endoderm.",
"At the posterior end is a tail which continues the spinal cord and vertebrae but not the gut.",
"The mouth is found at the anterior end of the animal, and the anus at the base of the tail.",
"The defining characteristic of a vertebrate is the vertebral column, in which the notochord has been replaced by a segmented series of stiffer elements (vertebrae) separated by mobile joints (intervertebral discs), which each contain a soft central core (nucleus pulposus), derived from the notochord of the embryo.",
"However, a few vertebrates have secondarily lost this anatomy, retaining the notochord into adulthood.",
"These include the sturgeon and the coelacanth.",
"Jawed vertebrates are typified by paired appendages, fins or legs, which may be secondarily lost.",
"The limbs of vertebrates are considered to be homologous because the same underlying skeletal structure was inherited from their last common ancestor.",
"This is one of the arguments put forward by Charles Darwin to support his theory of evolution."
] |
[
0
] |
Abstract
|
Did Sweden start the revolt and war with Britain during the Louisiana Purchase?
|
Louisiana Purchase
| true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
6
] |
[
"The Louisiana Purchase ( \"Sale of Louisiana\") was the acquisition by the United States of America in 1803 of of France's claim to the territory of Louisiana.",
"The U.S. paid 50 million francs ($11,250,000) plus cancellation of debts worth 18 million francs ($3,750,000), for a total sum of 15 million dollars (around 4 cents per acre) for the Louisiana territory ($ million in dollars, less than 42 cents per acre).",
"The Louisiana territory encompassed all or part of 15 present U.S. states and two Canadian provinces.",
"The land purchased contained all of present-day Arkansas, Missouri, Iowa, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Nebraska; parts of Minnesota that were west of the Mississippi River; most of North Dakota; most of South Dakota; northeastern New Mexico; northern Texas; the portions of Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado east of the Continental Divide; Louisiana west of the Mississippi River, including the city of New Orleans; and small portions of land that would eventually become part of the Canadian provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan.",
"France controlled this vast area from 1699 until 1762, the year it gave the territory to its ally Spain.",
"Under Napoleon Bonaparte, France took back the territory in 1800 in the hope of building an empire in North America.",
"A slave revolt in Haiti and an impending war with Britain, however, led France to abandon these plans and sell the entire territory to the United States, which had originally intended only to seek the purchase of New Orleans and its adjacent lands.",
"The purchase of the territory of Louisiana took place during the presidency of Thomas Jefferson.",
"At the time, the purchase faced domestic opposition because it was thought to be unconstitutional.",
"Although he agreed that the U.S. Constitution did not contain provisions for acquiring territory, Jefferson decided to go ahead with the purchase anyway in order to remove France's presence in the region and to protect both U.S. trade access to the port of New Orleans and free passage on the Mississippi River."
] |
[] |
Captain Moreton's Eglinton Castle
|
The earliest known reference to croquet in Scotland is named what?
|
Croquet
| true | 4SPORT
|
[
0
] |
[
"The earliest known reference to croquet in Scotland is the booklet \"The Game of Croquet, its Laws and Regulations\" which was published in the mid-1860s for the proprietor of Eglinton Castle, the Earl of Eglinton.",
"On the page facing the title page is a picture of Eglinton Castle with a game of \"croquet\" in full swing.",
"The croquet lawn existed on the northern terrace, between Eglinton Castle and the Lugton Water.",
"The 13th Earl developed a variation on croquet named Captain Moreton's Eglinton Castle croquet, which had small bells on the eight hoops \"to ring the changes\", two pegs, a double hoop with a bell and two tunnels for the ball to pass through.",
"In 1865 the 'Rules of the Eglinton Castle and Cassiobury Croquet' was published by Edmund Routledge.",
"Several incomplete sets of this form of croquet are known to exist, and one complete set is still used for demonstration games in the West of Scotland.",
"It is not known why the earl named the game thus."
] |
[
0
] |
Minetown
|
What is the only place in the park where alcohol is served?
|
Hersheypark
| false | 2TRAVEL
|
[
5
] |
[
"Minetown was modeled to resemble a mining town, just as its name says.",
"The section was officially opened in 1990 with the additions of Convoy, Red Baron, Flying Falcon and Dinosaur-Go-Round.",
"All except Dinosaur-Go-Round are still in the area; Dinosaur-Go-Round was moved to Founder’s Circle for the 2007 season so the Frog Hoppers could be moved to its location to make room for the Boardwalk.",
"The section features many classic Hersheypark attractions, including the Sunoco Twin Turnpike, Coal Cracker log flume, Kissing Tower and Great Bear.",
"It is also home to the Minetown Arcade, Minetown Restaurant, Hersheypark Amphitheater, Hersheypark Aquatheater and the Hersheypark entrance to ZooAmerica.",
"The Minetown Restaurant is a cafeteria style place, and is the only area in the park where alcohol is served."
] |
[
4,
0
] |
Release and promotion
|
What year was Viva la Vida performed live for the first time?
|
Viva la Vida
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
6
] |
[
"",
"\"Viva la Vida\" was initially released only with iTunes Store pre-orders of \"Viva la Vida or Death and All His Friends\" on 7 May 2008 – the \"new edit\" version of the song – which led to the song's temporary exclusion from the UK Singles Chart.",
"It was released as a download-only single on 25 May 2008, and a physical CD single in Europe on 29 July 2008 to coincide with the release of the single's music videos.",
"\"Viva la Vida\" was well-downloaded in the internet, becoming iTunes' best-selling song of 2008.",
"From 24 December 2008 to 5 January 2009 an official remix of the song by producer Stuart Price, named the \"Thin White Duke Mix\", was given away for free as a Christmas gift via the band's website.",
"The song was used as part of Apple Inc.'s iPod + iTunes advertisement campaign.",
"Coldplay performed the song live for the first time at the 2008 MTV Movie Awards.",
"It has since gone on to make many media appearances, including being featured throughout the episode from the paranormal drama \"Medium\", as a song played on the radio in the episode \"We're Not in Kansas Anymore\" from the teen drama \"90210\", used as bumper music on Bill Bennett's \"Morning in America\" radio talk show, and on the international soundtrack to the Brazilian soap opera \"A Favorita\" which helped push \"Viva la Vida\" up the charts in Brazil, where the telenovela been shown.",
"\"Viva la Vida\" was the entrance music for Birmingham City Football Club during the 2009–2010 season, but was quickly dropped after negative response by the supporters.",
"In 2009, Solange Knowles covered the song.",
"Lady Gaga also covered the song for BBC Radio 1.",
"A live version of the song appeared on Coldplay's 2009 live album \"LeftRightLeftRightLeft\".",
"Pet Shop Boys also performed the song live on their 2009 Pandemonium Tour and the song appeared on their Christmas EP.",
"It was also used in an episode entitled \"Million Dollar Maybe\" of \"The Simpsons\".",
"The song was covered in the seventh series of \"The X Factor\" by the boyband One Direction in 2010."
] |
[
0
] |
History
|
Galbi uses what ingredients?
|
Galbi
| true | 9FOOD
|
[
0,
1,
2
] |
[
"The ingredients (often, ribs or meats) are marinated in a sauce made primarily from soy sauce, garlic, and sugar.",
"However, several variations on the marinade exist, including recipes that utilize sesame oil, rice wine or hot pepper paste.",
"Fruit juice, lemon-lime soda and honey have become more common additions to Korean marinades in recent years, and is present in some incarnations of the dish.",
"When cooked on a griddle or grill, the meat is usually cut in thin slices across the bones.",
"This style of cut, called L.A. Galbi, permits the marinade to penetrate the meat faster.",
"It also allows the meat to cook more quickly, creates a more tender cut, and makes it easier to eat the finished dish with chopsticks.",
"The traditional cut is called Wang Galbi, literally meaning King Ribs.",
"In this version, the ribs are cut into 2 to 5 inch segments, and the meat is filleted in layers away from the bone to form a uniformly thin layer.",
"Wang Galbi is usually what is served in traditional Korean restaurants, as the traditional cut is considered more genuine.",
"Rarely, if ever, are L.A. Galbi served at top establishments.",
"Pre-cut galbi is available from many meat markets in Korea and elsewhere.",
"\"Galbi\" is generally served in restaurants known as \"galbi houses\", and the meat is cooked right at customers' tables on grills set in the tables (usually by the customers themselves).",
"It is typically served with lettuce, perilla, or other leafy vegetables used to wrap the meat, which is then dipped in \"ssamjang\" (쌈장), a sauce made of fermented bean paste and red pepper paste.",
"It is often accompanied by side dishes known as banchan.",
"Many Korean dishes incorporate ribs, including soups and stews.",
"Some restaurants serve \"pork galbi\", and chicken galbi is a specialty of the Chuncheon region.",
"\"Galbitang\" is a clear soup containing pieces of \"galbi\".",
"\"Galbi jjigae\" is a thick stew with many large pieces of galbi, usually single bone cuts, which may also contain red peppers, green peppers, kimchi, and \"doenjang\" (Korean bean paste).",
"\"Galbi Jjim\" is short ribs braised in a sweet soy sauce based sauce."
] |
[
0
] |
Abstract
|
Which album was "She Will be Loved" released on?
|
She Will Be Loved
| false | 0MUSIC
|
[
0
] |
[
"\"She Will Be Loved\" is the third single on the American band Maroon 5's 2002 debut album, \"Songs About Jane\".",
"Released in 2004, the single peaked at #5 in the United States, and by December 2012 had sold more than 2,722,000 digital downloads.",
"It peaked at #4 in the United Kingdom.",
"In Australia, it reached #1, a position it held for 5 non-consecutive weeks.",
"The single is noted for its music video starring Kelly Preston.",
"The song proved as successful as the band's previous hits, \"This Love\" and \"Harder to Breathe\", hitting number 1 on the Mainstream Top 40 and Adult Top 40 charts, but it prompted many alternative radio outlets to remove Maroon 5 from their playlists, on the ground that the band's newer songs were too light for alt-rock audiences.",
"These stations continued to play \"Harder to Breathe\" and \"This Love\", but Maroon 5's newer hits were played only on pop and adult contemporary stations."
] |
[] |
Gamma-ray telescopes
|
At what photon energy level does the index of refraction start to increase again?
|
Telescope
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
7
] |
[
"Higher energy X-ray and Gamma-ray telescopes refrain from focusing completely and use coded aperture masks: the patterns of the shadow the mask creates can be reconstructed to form an image.X-ray and Gamma-ray telescopes are usually on Earth-orbiting satellites or high-flying balloons since the Earth's atmosphere is opaque to this part of the electromagnetic spectrum.",
"However, high energy X-rays and gamma-rays do not form an image in the same way as telescopes at visible wavelengths.",
"An example of this type of telescope is the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope.",
"The detection of very high energy gamma rays, with shorter wavelength and higher frequency than regular gamma rays, requires further specialization.",
"An example of this type of observatory is VERITAS.",
"Very high energy gamma-rays are still photons, like visible light, whereas cosmic rays includes particles like electrons, protons, and heavier nuclei.",
"A discovery in 2012 may allow focusing gamma-ray telescopes.",
"At photon energies greater than 700 keV, the index of refraction starts to increase again."
] |
[
0
] |
Funeral
|
Where and when did the John F. Kennedy's state funeral take place?
|
Assassination of John F. Kennedy
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
0
] |
[
"The state funeral took place in Washington, DC during the three days that followed the assassination.",
"The body of President Kennedy was brought back to Washington, D.C. and placed in the East Room of the White House for 24 hours.",
"On the Sunday after the assassination, his coffin was carried on a horse-drawn caisson to the U.S. Capitol to lie in state.",
"Throughout the day and night, hundreds of thousands lined up to view the guarded casket.",
"Representatives from over 90 countries attended the state funeral on Monday, November 25.",
"After the Requiem Mass at St. Matthew's Cathedral, the late President was laid to rest at Arlington National Cemetery in Virginia."
] |
[
2,
4
] |
Characteristics
|
What are the most common arepa fillings?
|
Arepa
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
4
] |
[
"The \"arepa\" is a flat, round, unleavened patty made of soaked, ground kernels of maize, or—more frequently nowadays—maizemeal or maize flour which can be grilled, baked, fried, boiled or steamed, etc.",
"The characteristics vary by color, flavor, size, and the food with which it may be stuffed, depending on the region.",
"\"Arepa\" is a native sort of bread made of ground maize (or flour), water, and salt which is fried or grilled into a thick bread.",
"It can be topped or filled with meat, eggs, tomatoes, salad, cheese, shrimp, or fish depending on the meal.",
"Breakfast egg or cheese are the most common arepa fillings.",
"There are several recipes for fillings."
] |
[
0
] |
Abstract
|
What was the airing day in 2013-2014 for the Once Upon a Time spinoff?
|
Once Upon a Time (TV series)
| false | 1TV
|
[
10
] |
[
"Once Upon a Time (TV series)Once Upon a Time is an American fairy tale drama series that premiered on Sunday, October 23, 2011, on ABC.",
"The show takes place in the fictional seaside town of Storybrooke, Maine, the residents of which are actually characters from various fairy tales that were transported to the \"real world\" town and robbed of their real memories by a powerful curse.",
"Episodes typically feature a primary storyline in Storybrooke, as well as a secondary storyline usually from another point in a character's life before the curse was enacted.",
"The show airs Sunday nights at 8:00 pm ET/7:00 pm CT.\"Once Upon a Time\" was created by \"Lost\" and \"\" writers Edward Kitsis and Adam Horowitz.",
"Its first season received \"generally favorable\" reviews from critics.",
"Metacritic gave it a score of 66 out of 100 based on 26 reviews.",
"The pilot episode was watched by 12.93 million viewers and achieved an adult 18–49 rating/share of 4.0/10.",
"A second season premiered on September 30, 2012 to an audience of 11.36 million.",
"The third season began on September 29, 2013, opening to 8.52 million viewers.",
"A green-light for a spin-off series \"Once Upon a Time in Wonderland\" was also given by ABC, and the first season consisting of 13 episodes premiered on ABC on October 10, 2013.",
"The spin-off, that includes crossovers with its parent show, airs at 8:00pm (ET) on Thursday nights in the 2013–14 TV schedule."
] |
[
0
] |
References in fiction
|
Did the novel inspire any films or plays?
|
Girl with a Pearl Earring
| false | 3ART
|
[
2
] |
[
"Tracy Chevalier wrote a historical novel, also entitled \"Girl with a Pearl Earring\" (1999), fictionalizing the circumstances of the painting's creation.",
"In the novel, Johannes Vermeer becomes close with a fictional servant named Griet (based on Chevalier's close friend Georgia Kendall), whom he hires as an assistant and has sit for him as a painting model while wearing his wife's pearl earrings.",
"The novel inspired a 2003 film and 2008 play of the same name.",
"The 2003 film stars Scarlett Johansson as the girl with the pearl earring, Griet.",
"Johansson was nominated for various awards including a Golden Globe Award and a BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role."
] |
[] |
Ancient history
|
Was there a large amount of building on the Vandal's land in North Africa?
|
Algeria
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
30,
31
] |
[
"Ancient history.",
"At Ain Hanech region (Saïda Province), early remnants (200,000 BC) of hominid occupation in North Africa were found.",
"Neanderthal tool makers produced hand axes in the Levalloisian and Mousterian styles (43,000 BC) similar to those in the Levant.",
"Algeria was the site of the highest state of development of Middle Paleolithic Flake tool techniques.",
"Tools of this era, starting about 30,000 BC, are called Aterian (after the archeological site of Bir el Ater, south of Tebessa).",
"The earliest blade industries in North Africa are called Iberomaurusian (located mainly in Oran region).",
"This industry appears to have spread throughout the coastal regions of the Maghreb between 15,000 and 10,000 BC.",
"Neolithic civilization (animal domestication and agriculture) developed in the Saharan and Mediterranean Maghrib between 6000 and 2000 BC.",
"This life, richly depicted in the Tassili n'Ajjer paintings, predominated in Algeria until the classical period.",
"The amalgam of peoples of North Africa coalesced eventually into a distinct native population that came to be called Berbers, who are the indigenous peoples of northern Africa.",
"From their principal center of power at Carthage, the Carthaginians expanded and established small settlements along the North African coast; by 600 BC, a Phoenician presence existed at Tipasa, east of Cherchell, Hippo Regius (modern Annaba) and Rusicade (modern Skikda).",
"These settlements served as market towns as well as anchorages.",
"As Carthaginian power grew, its impact on the indigenous population increased dramatically.",
"Berber civilization was already at a stage in which agriculture, manufacturing, trade, and political organization supported several states.",
"Trade links between Carthage and the Berbers in the interior grew, but territorial expansion also resulted in the enslavement or military recruitment of some Berbers and in the extraction of tribute from others.",
"By the early 4th century BC, Berbers formed the single largest element of the Carthaginian army.",
"In the Revolt of the Mercenaries, Berber soldiers rebelled from 241 to 238 BC after being unpaid following the defeat of Carthage in the First Punic War.",
"They succeeded in obtaining control of much of Carthage's North African territory, and they minted coins bearing the name Libyan, used in Greek to describe natives of North Africa.",
"The Carthaginian state declined because of successive defeats by the Romans in the Punic Wars.",
"In 146 BC the city of Carthage was destroyed.",
"As Carthaginian power waned, the influence of Berber leaders in the hinterland grew.",
"By the 2nd century BC, several large but loosely administered Berber kingdoms had emerged.",
"Two of them were established in Numidia, behind the coastal areas controlled by Carthage.",
"West of Numidia lay Mauretania, which extended across the Moulouya River in modern day Morocco to the Atlantic Ocean.",
"The high point of Berber civilization, unequaled until the coming of the Almohads and Almoravids more than a millennium later, was reached during the reign of Massinissa in the 2nd century BC.",
"After Masinissa's death in 148 BC, the Berber kingdoms were divided and reunited several times.",
"Massinissa's line survived until 24 AD, when the remaining Berber territory was annexed to the Roman Empire.",
"For several centuries Algeria was ruled by the Romans, who founded many colonies in the region.",
"Like the rest of North Africa, Algeria was one of the breadbaskets of the empire, exporting cereals and other agricultural products.",
"The Vandals of Geiseric moved into North Africa in 429, and by 435 controlled coastal Numidia.",
"They did not make any significant settlement on the land.",
"The region was later recaptured by the Eastern Roman Empire, which ruled it until the Muslim Conquest in the 7th century."
] |
[] |
Influences
|
What was the inspiration for the Shire?
|
The Lord of the Rings
| true | 6MOVIES
|
[
14
] |
[
"The influence of the Welsh language, which Tolkien had learnt, is summarised in his essay English and Welsh: \"If I may once more refer to my work.",
"The Lord of the Rings, in evidence: the names of persons and places in this story were mainly composed on patterns deliberately modelled on those of Welsh (closely similar but not identical).",
"This element in the tale has given perhaps more pleasure to more readers than anything else in it.",
"\"\"The Lord of the Rings\" developed as a personal exploration by Tolkien of his interests in philology, religion (particularly Roman Catholicism), fairy tales, Norse and general Germanic mythology, and also Celtic, Slavic, Persian, Greek, and Finnish mythology.",
"Tolkien acknowledged, and external critics have verified, the influences of George MacDonald and William Morris and the Anglo-Saxon poem \"Beowulf\".",
"The question of a direct influence of Wagner's \"The Nibelung's Ring\" on Tolkien's work is debated by critics.",
"Tolkien included neither any explicit religion nor cult in his work.",
"Rather the themes, moral philosophy, and cosmology of the Lord of the Rings reflect his Catholic worldview.",
"In one of his letters Tolkien states, \"The Lord of the Rings is of course a fundamentally religious and Catholic work; unconsciously so at first, but consciously in the revision.",
"That is why I have not put in, or have cut out, practically all references to anything like 'religion', to cults or practices, in the imaginary world.",
"For the religious element is absorbed into the story and the symbolism.",
"\"Some locations and characters were inspired by Tolkien's childhood in Birmingham, where he first lived near Sarehole Mill, and later near Edgbaston Reservoir.",
"There are also hints of the Black Country, which is within easy reach of north west Edgbaston.",
"This shows in such names as \"Underhill\", and the description of Saruman's industrialisation of Isengard and The Shire.",
"It has also been suggested that The Shire and its surroundings were based on the countryside around Stonyhurst College in Lancashire where Tolkien frequently stayed during the 1940s.",
"The work was influenced by the effects of his military service during World War I, to the point that Frodo has been \"diagnosed\" as suffering from Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, or \"shell-shock,\" which was first diagnosed at the Battle of the Somme, at which Tolkien served."
] |
[
0
] |
SeaWorld San Diego
|
When does Shamu Rocks occur at SeaWorld?
|
SeaWorld
| true | 2TRAVEL
|
[
5
] |
[
"SeaWorld San Diego.",
"SeaWorld San Diego, the first SeaWorld park, opened on March 21, 1964.",
"The park features shows such as \"One Ocean\", the current Shamu show and \"Sea Lions Live\", a comedic show with sea lions and otters.",
"Rides include Journey to Atlantis, a splashdown ride that also has characteristics of a roller coaster.",
"The Summer Nights program changes some shows and adds others.",
"One show featuring Shamu is available during the night called \"Shamu Rocks\", a rock concert choreographed to the killer whales, and then the fireworks show \"Into the Blue\", which uses music from the newest dolphin show \"Blue Horizons\"."
] |
[
2
] |
Abstract
|
Where is a game of Association Football played?
|
Association football
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
1,
2
] |
[
"Association football, commonly known as football or soccer, is a sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball.",
"It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries, making it the world's most popular sport.",
"The game is played on a rectangular field with a goal at each end.",
"The object of the game is to score by using any part of the body besides the arms and hands to get the football into the opposing goal.",
"The goalkeepers are the only players allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play and then only in their penalty area.",
"Outfield players mostly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may use their head or torso to strike the ball instead.",
"The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins.",
"If the score is tied at the end of the game, either a draw is declared or the game goes into extra time and/or a penalty shootout depending on the format of the competition.",
"The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863.",
"Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA; ) which organises a World Cup every four years."
] |
[
4
] |
History
|
What has become a distinct subdiscipline?
|
Physiology
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
9
] |
[
"The study of human physiology dates back to at least 420 BC to the time of Hippocrates, also known as the father of medicine.",
"The critical thinking of Aristotle and his emphasis on the relationship between structure and function marked the beginning of physiology in Ancient Greece, while Claudius Galenus (c. 126–199 AD), known as Galen, was the first to use experiments to probe the functions of the body.",
"Galen was the founder of experimental physiology.",
"Jean Fernel, a French physician, introduced the term \"physiology\" in 1525.",
"In the 19th century, physiological knowledge began to accumulate at a rapid rate, in particular with the 1838 appearance of the Cell theory of Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann.",
"It radically stated that organisms are made up of units called cells.",
"Claude Bernard's (1813–1878) further discoveries ultimately led to his concept of \"milieu interieur\" (internal environment), which would later be taken up and championed as \"homeostasis\" by American physiologist Walter Cannon.",
"In the 20th century, biologists also became interested in how organisms other than human beings function, eventually spawning the fields of comparative physiology and ecophysiology.",
"Major figures in these fields include Knut Schmidt-Nielsen and George Bartholomew.",
"Most recently, evolutionary physiology has become a distinct subdiscipline."
] |
[
0
] |
Abstract
|
How much did the Navy Pier cost to construct?
|
Navy Pier
| false | 2TRAVEL
|
[
2
] |
[
"Navy Pier is a long pier on the Chicago shoreline of Lake Michigan.",
"It is located in the Streeterville neighborhood of the Near North Side community area.",
"The pier was built in 1916 at a cost of $4.5 million.",
"It was a part of the Plan of Chicago developed by architect and city planner Daniel Burnham and his associates.",
"As Municipal Pier #2 (Municipal Pier #1 was never built), Navy Pier was planned and built to serve as a mixed-purpose piece of public infrastructure.",
"Its primary purpose was as a cargo facility for lake freighters, and warehouses were built up and down the Pier.",
"However, the Pier was also designed to provide docking space for passenger excursion steamers, and in the pre–air conditioning era parts of the Pier, especially its outermost tip, were designed to serve as cool places for public gathering and entertainment.",
"The Pier even had its own tram.",
"Today, Navy Pier is Chicago's number one tourist attraction."
] |
[
5
] |
Origins
|
Which publication revealed that ABC would be producing a spin-off of Grey's Anatomy?
|
Private Practice (TV series)
| false | 1TV
|
[
1
] |
[
"Production history.",
"On , \":The Wall Street Journal\" reported that ABC was pursuing a spin-off of \"Grey's Anatomy\" featuring Kate Walsh's character Addison Montgomery.",
"Subsequent reports confirmed the report, stating that an expanded two-hour broadcast of \"Grey's Anatomy\" (which aired ) would serve as a backdoor pilot for the spinoff.",
"The backdoor pilot episode features Montgomery on leave from Seattle Grace Hospital, the clinic in Los Angeles is named the Oceanside Wellness Centre.",
"The broadcast served as the 22nd and 23rd episodes of the season (out of 25), and was directed by Michael Grossman, according to \"Variety\".",
"Gossip columnists Kristin Veitch and Michael Ausiello reported that the spinoff would be set in Los Angeles."
] |
[] |
Geography
|
Indonesia is home to how many non-dormant volcanoes?
|
Indonesia
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
12
] |
[
"Indonesia lies between latitudes 11°S and 6°N, and longitudes 95°E and 141°E.",
"It consists of 17,508 islands, about 6,000 of which are inhabited.",
"These are scattered over both sides of the equator.",
"The largest are Java, Sumatra, Borneo (shared with Brunei and Malaysia), New Guinea (shared with Papua New Guinea), and Sulawesi.",
"Indonesia shares land borders with Malaysia on Borneo, Papua New Guinea on the island of New Guinea, and East Timor on the island of Timor.",
"Indonesia shares maritime borders across narrow straits with Singapore, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Palau to the north, and with Australia to the south.",
"The capital, Jakarta, is on Java and is the nation's largest city, followed by Surabaya, Bandung, Medan, and Semarang.",
"At 1,919,440 square kilometers (741,050 sq mi), Indonesia is the world's 15th-largest country in terms of land area and world's 7th-largest country in terms of combined sea and land area.",
"Its average population density is 134 people per square kilometer (347 per sq mi), 79th in the world, although Java, the world's most populous island, has a population density of 940 people per square kilometer (2,435 per sq mi).",
"At , Puncak Jaya in Papua is Indonesia's highest peak, and Lake Toba in Sumatra its largest lake, with an area of 1,145 square kilometers (442 sq mi).",
"The country's largest rivers are in Kalimantan, and include the Mahakam and Barito; such rivers are communication and transport links between the island's river settlements.",
"Indonesia's location on the edges of the Pacific, Eurasian, and Australian tectonic plates makes it the site of numerous volcanoes and frequent earthquakes.",
"Indonesia has at least 150 active volcanoes, including Krakatoa and Tambora, both famous for their devastating eruptions in the 19th century.",
"The eruption of the Toba supervolcano, approximately 70,000 years ago, was one of the largest eruptions ever, and a global catastrophe.",
"Recent disasters due to seismic activity include the 2004 tsunami that killed an estimated 167,736 in northern Sumatra, and the Yogyakarta earthquake in 2006.",
"However, volcanic ash is a major contributor to the high agricultural fertility that has historically sustained the high population densities of Java and Bali.",
"Lying along the equator, Indonesia has a tropical climate, with two distinct monsoonal wet and dry seasons.",
"Average annual rainfall in the lowlands varies from , and up to in mountainous regions.",
"Mountainous areas – particularly in the west coast of Sumatra, West Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Papua – receive the highest rainfall.",
"Humidity is generally high, averaging about 80%.",
"Temperatures vary little throughout the year; the average daily temperature range of Jakarta is ."
] |
[
5
] |
Music
|
Smash Mouth is known for singing what song at the end of Sherk?
|
Shrek
| true | 6MOVIES
|
[
5
] |
[
"",
"\"Shrek\" is the third DreamWorks animated film (and the only film in the Shrek series) to have Harry Gregson-Williams team up with John Powell to composes the score (after \"Antz\" (1998) and \"Chicken Run\" (2000)).",
"\"Shrek\" introduced a new element to give the film a unique feel.",
"The film used pop music and other Oldies to make the story more forward.",
"Covers of songs like \"On the Road Again\" and \"Try a Little Tenderness\" were integrated in the film's score.",
"As the film was about to be completed, Katzenberg suggested to the filmmakers to redo the film's ending in order to \"go out with a big laugh\"; Instead of ending film with just a storybook closing over Shrek and Fiona as they ride off into the sunset, they decided to add a song \"I'm a Believer\" covered by Smash Mouth and show all the fairytale creatures in the film.",
"Although Rufus Wainwright's version of the song \"Hallelujah\" appeared in the soundtrack album, it was John Cale's version that appeared in the film; in a radio interview, Rufus Wainwright suggested that his version of \"Hallelujah\" did not appear in the film due to the \"glass ceiling\" he was hitting because of his sexuality.",
"An alternate explanation posits that because Wainwright was an artist for DreamWorks and John Cale was not, thus licensing issues prohibited Cale's version from appearing in the soundtrack album, despite having the filmmakers wanting to have Cale's version appear in the film."
] |
[
0
] |
Public soup kitchen
|
What location did Van Gogh and George Hendrick sketch at?
|
Sien (Van Gogh series)
| true | 3ART
|
[
2
] |
[
"Quite poor, Sien's family often relied upon the public soup kitchen for food.",
"Hulsker called the signed drawing \"The Public Soup Kitchen\" (F1020a below) important and attractive.",
"Van Gogh and his contemporary George Hendrik Breitner had sketched together at a soup kitchen in the Geest (it is not known which of the several possibilities it was).",
"After going to the trouble and expense of installing shutters in his windows to adust the light and to recreate the scene itself in his studio, van Gogh was able to study his models at lesisure.",
"In this way he was able to introduce more \"chiaroscuro\" (light and dark) in his drawing, which he executed with the natural ('mountain') chalk that Theo had sent him and whose properties he lauds in his letters.",
"All the models are from Sien's family: her mother and baby on the left, her sister, back turned, and her daughter, hair cropped as a precaution against lice, in the center, with Sien herself, superbly executed in profile, on the right.",
"The watercolor F1020b (below) is much less successful as van Gogh himself acknowledged, blaming the paper in part for not being right for the job."
] |
[
0
] |
Early life
|
Who was Pollocks inspiration to become an artist?
|
Jackson Pollock
| true | 3ART
|
[
14
] |
[
"Pollock was born in Cody, Wyoming, in 1912, the youngest of five sons.",
"His parents, Stella May (née McClure) and LeRoy Pollock, were born and grew up in Tingley, Iowa and were educated at Tingley High School.",
"Pollock's mother is interred at Tingley Cemetery, Ringgold County, Iowa.",
"His father had been born with the surname McCoy but took the surname of his adoptive parents, neighbors who adopted him after his own parents had died within a year of each other.",
"Stella and LeRoy Pollock were Presbyterian; they were of Irish and Scots-Irish descent, respectively.",
"LeRoy Pollock was a farmer and later a land surveyor for the government, moving for different jobs.",
"Jackson grew up in Arizona and Chico, California.",
"While living in Echo Park, California, he enrolled at Los Angeles' Manual Arts High School, from which he was expelled.",
"He already had been expelled in 1928 from another high school.",
"During his early life, Pollock explored Native American culture while on surveying trips with his father.",
"In 1930, following his older brother Charles Pollock, he moved to New York City, where they both studied under Thomas Hart Benton at the Art Students League.",
"Benton's rural American subject matter had little influence on Pollock's work, but his rhythmic use of paint and his fierce independence were more lasting.",
"From 1938 to 1942, during the Great Depression, Pollock worked for the WPA Federal Art Project.",
"Trying to deal with his established alcoholism, from 1938 through 1941 Pollock underwent Jungian psychotherapy with Dr. Joseph Henderson and later with Dr. Violet Staub de Laszlo in 1941-1942.",
"Henderson engaged him through his art, encouraging Pollock to make drawings.",
"Jungian concepts and archetypes were expressed in his paintings.",
"Recently historians have hypothesized that Pollock might have had bipolar disorder."
] |
[
3
] |
Abstract
|
What can go in a taco?
|
Taco
| true | 9FOOD
|
[
1
] |
[
"A taco () is a traditional Mexican dish composed of a corn or wheat tortilla folded or rolled around a filling.",
"A taco can be made with a variety of fillings, including beef, pork, chicken, seafood, vegetables and cheese, allowing for great versatility and variety.",
"A taco is generally eaten without utensils and is often accompanied by garnishes such as salsa, avocado or guacamole, cilantro, tomatoes, minced meat, onions and lettuce."
] |
[
0
] |
Occupation
|
Who does Miliatry swimming?
|
Human swimming
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
7
] |
[
"Some occupations require the workers to swim.",
"For example, abalone- or pearl-divers swim and dive to obtain an economic benefit, as do spear fishermen.",
"Swimming is used to rescue people in the water who may be in distress, including tired swimmers, non-swimmers who have accidentally entered the water, or water users who have come to harm.",
"Lifeguards or volunteer lifesavers are deployed at many pools and beaches worldwide to fulfill this purpose, and they, as well as rescue swimmers, may use specific swimming styles for rescue purposes.",
"Swimming is also used in marine biology to observe plants and animals in their natural habitat.",
"Other sciences use swimming, for example Konrad Lorenz swam with geese as part of his studies of animal behavior.",
"Swimming also has military purposes.",
"Military swimming is usually done by special forces, such as Navy SEALs.",
"Swimming is used to approach a location, gather intelligence, sabotage or combat, and to depart a location.",
"This may also include airborne insertion into water or exiting a submarine while it is submerged.",
"Due to regular exposure to large bodies of water, all recruits in the United States Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard are required to complete basic swimming or water survival training.",
"Swimming is also a professional sport.",
"Companies sponsor swimmers who are at the international level.",
"Many swimmers compete competitively in order to represent their home country in the olympics.",
"Cash awards are also given at many of the major competitions for breaking records.",
"Professional swimmers may also earn a living as entertainers, performing in water ballets."
] |
[
3
] |
Ethnicity
|
Where is the Kinh population mainly concentrated?
|
Vietnam
| false | 5COUNTRY
|
[
1
] |
[
"According to the 2009 census, the dominant Viet or Kinh ethnic group constituted nearly 73.6 million people, or 85.8% of the population.",
"The Kinh population is concentrated mainly in the alluvial deltas and coastal plains of the country.",
"A largely homogeneous social and ethnic group, the Kinh possess significant political and economic influence over the country.",
"However, Vietnam is also home to 54 ethnic minority groups, including the Hmong, Dao, Tay, Thai, and Nùng.",
"Many ethnic minorities – such as the Muong, who are closely related to the Kinh – dwell in the highlands, which cover two-thirds of Vietnam's territory.",
"Before the Vietnam War, the population of the Central Highlands was almost exclusively Degar (including over 40 tribal groups); however, Ngô Đình Diệm's South Vietnamese government enacted a program of resettling Kinh in indigenous areas.",
"The Hoa (ethnic Chinese) and Khmer Krom people are mainly lowlanders.",
"As Sino-Vietnamese relations soured in 1978 and 1979, some 450,000 Hoa left Vietnam."
] |
[
4
] |
Abstract
|
Where and what was Abraham Lincoln doing when he was assassinated?
|
Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
| true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
6,
7
] |
[
"United States President Abraham Lincoln was shot on Good Friday, April 14, 1865, while attending the play \"Our American Cousin\" at Ford's Theatre as the American Civil War was drawing to a close.",
"The assassination occurred five days after the commander of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia, General Robert E. Lee, surrendered to Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant and the Union Army of the Potomac, ending the American Civil War.",
"Lincoln was the first American president to be assassinated, though an unsuccessful attempt had been made on Andrew Jackson 30 years before in 1835.",
"The assassination of Lincoln was planned and carried out by the well-known stage actor John Wilkes Booth, as part of a larger conspiracy in a bid to revive the Confederate cause.",
"Booth's co-conspirators were Lewis Powell and David Herold, who were assigned to kill Secretary of State William H. Seward, and George Atzerodt who was to kill Vice President Andrew Johnson.",
"By simultaneously eliminating the top three people in the administration, Booth and his co-conspirators hoped to sever the continuity of the United States government.",
"Lincoln was shot while watching the play \"Our American Cousin\" with his wife Mary Todd Lincoln at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C..",
"He died early the next morning.",
"The rest of the conspirators' plot failed; Powell only managed to wound Seward, while Atzerodt, Johnson's would-be assassin, lost his nerve and fled to Washington."
] |
[
2,
4,
0
] |
Commission
|
Who won the commission from the Operai?
|
David (Michelangelo)
| false | 3ART
|
[
13
] |
[
"The history of the statue begins before Michelangelo's work on it from 1501 to 1504.",
"Prior to Michelangelo's involvement, the Overseers of the Office of Works of Florence Cathedral, consisting mostly of members of the influential woolen cloth guild, the Arte della Lana, had plans to commission a series of twelve large Old Testament sculptures for the buttresses of the cathedral of Santa Maria Del Fiore.",
"In 1410 Donatello made the first of the statues, a figure of Joshua in terracotta.",
"A figure of Hercules, also in terracotta, was commissioned from the Florentine sculptor Agostino di Duccio in 1463 and was made perhaps under Donatello's direction.",
"Eager to continue their project, in 1464, the \"Operai\" contracted Agostino to create a sculpture of David.",
"A block of marble was provided, from a quarry in Carrara, a town in the Apuan Alps in northern Tuscany.",
"Agostino only got as far as beginning to shape the legs, feet and the torso, roughing out some drapery and probably gouging a hole between the legs.",
"His association with the project ceased, for reasons unknown, with the death of Donatello in 1466, and ten years later Antonio Rossellino was commissioned to take up where Agostino had left off.",
"Rossellino's contract was terminated soon thereafter, and the block of marble remained neglected for twenty-five years, all the while exposed to the elements in the yard of the cathedral workshop.",
"This was of great concern to the \"Opera\" authorities, as such a large piece of marble not only was costly but also represented a large amount of labour and difficulty in its transportation to Florence.",
"In 1500, an inventory of the cathedral workshops described the piece as \"a certain figure of marble called David, badly blocked out and supine.\"",
"A year later, documents showed that the \"Operai\" were determined to find an artist who could take this large piece of marble and turn it into a finished work of art.",
"They ordered the block of stone, which they called \"The Giant\", \"raised on its feet\" so that a master experienced in this kind of work might examine it and express an opinion.",
"Though Leonardo da Vinci and others were consulted, it was Michelangelo, only twenty-six years old, who convinced the \"Operai\" that he deserved the commission.",
"On 16 August 1501, Michelangelo was given the official contract to undertake this challenging new task.",
"He began carving the statue early in the morning on 13 September, a month after he was awarded the contract.",
"He would work on the massive statue for more than two years."
] |
[
3
] |
Editing and pre-release
|
What was happening in the scene that was cut from the final edit?
|
Toy Story
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
2,
3
] |
[
"It was difficult for crew members to perceive the film's quality during much of the production process, when the finished footage was in scattered pieces and lacked elements like music and sound design.",
"Some animators felt the film would be a significant disappointment commercially, but felt animators and animation fans would find it interesting.",
"According to Lee Unkrich, one of the original editors of \"Toy Story\", a scene was cut out of the original final edit.",
"The scene features Sid, after Pizza Planet, torturing Buzz and Woody violently.",
"Unkrich decided to cut right into the scene where Sid is interrogating the toys because the creators of the movie thought the audience would be loving Buzz and Woody at that point.",
"Another scene, where Woody was trying to get Buzz's attention when he was stuck in the box crate, was shortened because the creators felt it would lose the energy of the movie.",
"Peter Schneider had grown buoyant about the film as it neared completion, and announced a United States release date of November, coinciding with Thanksgiving weekend and the start of the winter holiday season.",
"Sources indicate that executive producer Steve Jobs lacked confidence in the film during its production, and he had been talking to various companies, ranging from Hallmark to Microsoft, about selling Pixar.",
"However, as the film progressed, Jobs became ever more excited about it, feeling that he might be on the verge of transforming the movie industry.",
"As scenes from the movie were finished, he watched them repeatedly and had friends come by his home to share his new passion.",
"Jobs decided that the release of \"Toy Story\" that November would be the occasion to take Pixar public.",
"A test audience near Anaheim in late July 1995 indicated the need for last-minute tweaks, which added further pressure to the already frenetic final weeks.",
"Response cards from the audience were encouraging, but were not top of the scale, adding further question as to how audiences would respond.",
"The film ended with a shot of Andy's house and the sound of a new puppy.",
"Michael Eisner, who attended the screening, told Lasseter afterward that the film needed to end with a shot of Woody and Buzz together, reacting to the news of the puppy."
] |
[
0
] |
Abstract
|
In which countries did the single Part of Me debut at number one on the "Billboard" hot 100?
|
Part of Me (Katy Perry song)
| false | 0MUSIC
|
[
11
] |
[
"Part of Me (Katy Perry song)\"Part of Me\" is a song by American recording artist Katy Perry, released as the lead single from \"\", the March 2012 re-release of her August 2010 album, \"Teenage Dream\".",
"It was written by Perry and Bonnie McKee, with production and additional writing by Dr. Luke, Max Martin, and Cirkut.",
"The song was not included on the original edition of \"Teenage Dream\" because Perry felt that it did not fit the composition of the album.",
"A demo of the song leaked online in late 2010, amid speculation that the lyrics were directed to the singer's ex-boyfriend Travie McCoy.",
"\"Part of Me\" was re-worked and officially released on February 13, 2012, through Capitol Records with artwork by art director Gavin Taylor and photography by Mary Ellen Matthews.",
"The production draws inspiration from several genres, including house music, dance-pop, and power pop; reviewers compared it to Jessie J's 2011 single \"Domino\", and Perry's 2010 singles \"Firework\" and \"California Gurls\".",
"Its lyrics describe a female protagonist who declares herself as un-breakable and strong following a break-up.",
"Contemporary music critics praised the song's production and gave it mixed-to-positive reviews, although some criticized Perry's vocals.",
"Many theorized that the lyrics addressed Perry's divorce from Russell Brand, although Perry stated it was not about him since it was written in early 2010.",
"\"Part of Me\" was a commercial success.",
"It was the twentieth song to debut at number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, Perry's seventh number-one single on the chart, and her ninth consecutive number-one single on the \"Billboard \" Hot Dance Club Songs chart.",
"The single debuted at number one in the United Kingdom and Canada, and has been certified Platinum in the United States, Australia and New Zealand.",
"Marketing campaigns for Adidas and \"\" have featured it.",
"An accompanying music video was filmed at the United States Marine Corps' Camp Pendleton in Oceanside, California.",
"The video depicts Perry enlisting in the Marines following a heartbreak.",
"It garnered generally positive reviews for Perry's \"Girl Power\" message, but drew criticism from feminist author Naomi Wolf, who denounced it as military propaganda.",
"Perry debuted the first televised performance of song on at the 54th Grammy Awards, and has also performed the song at the ECHO Awards, the 2012 Kids' Choice Awards, and \"American Idol\"."
] |
[] |
Places of interest
|
How many historic buildings are located at the Antebellum Plantation and Farmyard museum?
|
Stone Mountain
| false | 2TRAVEL
|
[
4
] |
[
"Confederate Hall, operated directly by the Stone Mountain Memorial Association or SMMA, is a museum that educates students and park guests on the geology and ecology of Stone Mountain as well as historical aspects of the area.",
"A small theater shows a historical documentary about the Civil War in Georgia called \"The Battle for Georgia\".",
"The education department is host to thousands of students each school year teaching the subjects of geology, ecology, and history.",
"Classes are designed to meet the Georgia Performance Standards and the North American Association for Environmental Education guidelines.",
"The Antebellum Plantation and Farmyard is an open air museum composed of 19 historic buildings, built between 1790 and 1875, which have been re-erected to the site to represent a pre-Civil War Georgia plantation.",
"The historic houses have been furnished with an extensive collection of period furniture and decorations.",
"The farm features live animals that guests can pet.",
"A 732-bell carillon that originated at the 1964 New York World's Fair, provides a daily concert.",
"A covered bridge, dating from 1892, which originally spanned the Oconee River in Athens, Georgia.",
"A grist mill, dating from 1869 and moved to the park in 1965."
] |
[
5
] |
Synopsis
|
What was the duration of the film-making ban on Panahi?
|
This Is Not a Film
| true | 6MOVIES
|
[
0
] |
[
"Panahi is under house arrest, awaiting the result of his appeal of a six-year prison sentence and twenty-year ban on film-making, leaving the country or giving media interviews for \"propaganda against the regime\".",
"Bored and desperate that this verdict may mean his artistic death, he starts documenting his life.",
"He begins filming himself in his apartment, then calls his friend and collaborator, Mirtahmasb, who arrives at the apartment and takes over the camera.",
"Banned from film making and determined to save at least some of his artistic visions, Panahi reads some of the scenario from the movie he was planning to make.",
"Upon hearing fireworks marking the ancient Iranian festival Chaharshanbe Suri that precedes the Persian new year, Nouruz, and other suspicious noises resembling gunshots, he gets scared and quickly stops this project.",
"He turns on the TV to hear the news.",
"We see news about the tsunami in Japan and later it is announced that Iran's president has banned any fireworks and bonfires that used to mark Chaharshanbe Suri.",
"After Mr. Mirtahmasb's departure, Panahi takes his friend's camera and starts chatting with the boy who collects the litter in the apartment block since one of his relatives was not able to come that day, Panahi asks him questions about his life and plans for the future.",
"This conversation takes places in the claustrophobic scenery of a lift, as the boy goes down from floor to floor and ever so often gets out of the lift to do his job.",
"The movie ends with the boy putting the trash can out on the street, as revelers throw gasoline on a fire.",
"While Panahi watches and shoots video from the ramp leading down to his building's underground garage (as far, it seems, as he dare go), the boy jumps over the fire taking part in the celebration."
] |
[
0
] |
Howard's mother
|
How is Howard's mother a reflection of the Jewish mother stereotype?
|
The Big Bang Theory
| false | 1TV
|
[
1
] |
[
"In scenes set at Howard's home in which he interacts with his never-seen mother (voiced by Carol Ann Susi), he always does so via shouting conversations between the rooms in his house, and she similarly interacts with other characters in this manner, though she did appear momentarily in the overhead photo of Howard and Bernadette's wedding and from the side in \"The Spoiler Alert Segmentation\" episode, though her face was not shown.",
"She reflects the Jewish mother stereotype in some ways, such as being overly controlling of Howard's adult life and sometimes trying to make him feel guilty about causing her trouble.",
"She is dependent on Howard, as she requires him to help her with her wig and makeup in the morning.",
"Howard in turn is attached to his mother to the point where she still cuts his meat for him, takes him to the dentist, does his laundry and \"grounds\" him when he returns home after briefly moving out.",
"Until Howard's marriage to Bernadette in the fifth season finale, Howard's former living situation led Leonard's psychiatrist mother to speculate that he may suffer from some type of pathology, and Sheldon to refer to their relationship as Oedipal.",
"Her tendency to communicate with Howard by shouting between rooms has led Bernadette and Raj to do impressions of her, and Bernadette to attempt to communicate with her in one episode by imitating her style of shouting."
] |
[
5
] |
Abstract
|
Who attempted to assassinate William McKinley?
|
Assassination of William McKinley
| true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
1
] |
[
"The 25th President of the United States, William McKinley, was shot and fatally wounded on September 6, 1901, inside the Temple of Music on the grounds of the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York.",
"McKinley was shaking hands with the public when he was shot by Leon Czolgosz, an anarchist.",
"The President died on September 14 from gangrene caused by the bullet wounds.",
"McKinley had been elected for a second term in 1900.",
"He enjoyed meeting the public, and was reluctant to accept the security available to his office.",
"The Secretary to the President, George B. Cortelyou, feared an assassination attempt would take place during a visit to the Temple of Music, and twice took it off the schedule.",
"McKinley restored it each time.",
"Czolgosz had lost his job during the economic Panic of 1893 and turned to anarchism, a political philosophy whose adherents had recently killed foreign leaders.",
"Regarding McKinley as a symbol of oppression, Czolgosz felt it was his duty as an anarchist to kill him.",
"Unable to get near McKinley during the earlier part of the presidential visit, Czolgosz shot McKinley twice as the President reached to shake his hand in the reception line at the temple.",
"One bullet grazed McKinley; the other entered his abdomen and was never found.",
"McKinley initially appeared to be recovering, but took a turn for the worse on September 13 as his wounds became gangrenous, and died early the next morning; Vice President Theodore Roosevelt succeeded him.",
"After McKinley's murder, for which Czolgosz was put to death in the electric chair, the United States Congress passed legislation to officially charge the Secret Service with the responsibility for protecting the president."
] |
[
3
] |
Abstract
|
What year was The Christmas Song recorded?
|
The Christmas Song
| false | 0MUSIC
|
[
9
] |
[
"\"The Christmas Song\" (commonly subtitled \"Chestnuts Roasting on an Open Fire\" or, as it was originally subtitled, \"Merry Christmas to You\") is a classic Christmas song written in 1944 by Bob Wells and Mel Tormé.",
"According to Tormé, the song was written during a blistering hot summer.",
"In an effort to \"stay cool by thinking cool\", the most-performed (according to BMI) Christmas song was born.",
"\"I saw a spiral pad on his (Wells') piano with four lines written in pencil\", Tormé recalled.",
"\"They started, 'Chestnuts roasting..., Jack Frost nipping..., Yuletide carols..., Folks dressed up like Eskimos.'",
"Bob didn't think he was writing a song lyric.",
"He said he thought if he could immerse himself in winter he could cool off.",
"Forty minutes later that song was written.",
"\"I wrote all the music and some of the lyrics.",
"\"The Nat King Cole Trio first recorded the song early in 1946.",
"At Cole's behestand over the objections of his label, Capitol Recordsa second recording was made the same year utilizing a small string section, this version becoming a massive hit on both the pop and R&B charts.",
"Cole again recorded the song in 1953, using the same arrangement with a full orchestra arranged and conducted by Nelson Riddle, and once more in 1961, in a stereophonic version with orchestra conducted by Ralph Carmichael.",
"Nat King Cole's 1961 version is generally regarded as definitive, and in 2004 was the most loved seasonal song with women aged 30–49, while Cole's original 1946 recording was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1974."
] |
[
0
] |
Abstract
|
In what year did Belgium secede from the Netherlands?
|
Belgium
| false | 5COUNTRY
|
[
12
] |
[
"Belgium (; Dutch: \"België\"; French: \"Belgique\"; German: \"Belgien\"), officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal monarchy in Western Europe.",
"It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters as well as those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.",
"Belgium covers an area of , and it has a population of about 11 million people.",
"Straddling the cultural boundary between Germanic and Latin Europe, Belgium is home to two main linguistic groups: the Dutch-speaking, mostly Flemish community (which constitutes about 59% of the population), and the French-speaking, mostly Walloon population (which comprises 41% of all Belgians).",
"Additionally, there is a small group of German-speakers that are officially recognized.",
"Belgium's two largest regions are the Dutch-speaking region of Flanders in the north and the French-speaking southern region of Wallonia.",
"The Brussels-Capital Region, officially bilingual, is a mostly French-speaking enclave within the Flemish Region.",
"*A German-speaking Community exists in eastern Wallonia.",
"Belgium's linguistic diversity and related political conflicts are reflected in its political history and complex system of government.",
"Historically, Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg were known as the Low Countries, which used to cover a somewhat larger area than the current Benelux group of states.",
"The region was called Belgica in Latin, after the Roman province of Gallia Belgica, which covered more or less the same area.",
"From the end of the Middle Ages until the 17th century, the area of Belgium was a prosperous and cosmopolitan centre of commerce and culture.",
"From the 16th century until the Belgian Revolution in 1830, when Belgium seceded from the Netherlands, the area of Belgium served as the battleground between many European powers, causing it to be dubbed the \"Battlefield of Europe,\"*a reputation strengthened by both World Wars.",
"Upon its independence, Belgium participated in the Industrial Revolutionand, during the course of the 20th century, possessed a number of colonies in Africa.",
"The second half of the 20th century was marked by rising tensions between the Flemish and the Francophones fueled by differences in language and the unequal economic development of Flanders and Wallonia.",
"This continuing antagonism has led to several far-reaching reforms, a transition from a unitary to a federal arrangement, and several governmental crises, the most recent — from 2007 to 2011 — being the longest."
] |
[
0
] |
Production
|
Which british actor co-starred in a video with Eminem?
|
Love the Way You Lie
| false | 0MUSIC
|
[
4
] |
[
"Music video.",
"The music video for \"Love the Way You Lie\" was Eminem's third to be directed by the American filmmaker Joseph Kahn.",
"Despite having planned to shoot a feature film and stop directing pop videos, Kahn chose to work on \"Love the Way You Lie\" because, according to him, the song discusses an important topic.",
"This was an opportunity for him to direct a video for Eminem without the comedic themes of their previous collaborations.",
"For the video, Kahn considered the British actor Dominic Monaghan as a co-star for his versatility, which he thought would help him play an antagonist.",
"Kahn cast the American actress Megan Fox, which he had presumed would be almost impossible because of her popularity with directors.",
"Fox, a fan of Eminem, accepted the role unhesitatingly.",
"Rosenberg gave Kahn one day to write a treatment, which Kahn finished in forty-five minutes.",
"He filmed Eminem's and Rihanna's parts on July 20, 2010; scenes with Fox and Monaghan were shot three days later.",
"By July 24, 2010, they had finished the shoot.",
"Kahn confirmed the completion of the director's cut the next day.",
"He said Fox's involvement made the video powerful, commenting for \"Vibe\":We wanted to make a specific story about two people—Meg and Dom—not a video that was representative of all couples or all domestic violence situations.",
"I'm not saying that all couples fight this way.",
"I just want people just to be able to identify with the characters and recognize that they've seen relationships like this where two people are together that are completely wrong for each other and things spiral out of control.",
"... Megan was the key to this video.",
"...",
"I'll tell you as a director the reason why and Monaghan's scenes in the video feel so real is because in the moment they were real.",
"Monaghan told MTV he thought the couple represents Eminem and Scott.",
"The clip was produced by Kathy Angstadt and Maryann Tanedo of HSI Productions.",
"Shortly before its release, Eminem reported in a press statement: \"Joseph and I worked pretty closely together to make sure we got this right\".",
"He said the difficult topic resulted in a powerful video because of the contributions of Rihanna, Fox and Monaghan.",
"Fox donated her appearance fee to the Soujourn House, a battered women's shelter.",
"On August 5, 2010, the video premiered on MTV and the music video website Vevo."
] |
[] |
Last years in Florence
|
In what year did Donatello return to Florence?
|
Donatello
| false | 3ART
|
[
0
] |
[
"Donatello returned to Florence in 1453.",
"The Judith and Holofernes, begun for the Duomo di Siena date from 1455 to 1460 but were later acquired by the Medici.",
"Until 1461, Donatello remained in Siena, where he created a \"St. John the Baptist\", also for the Duomo, and models for its gates, now lost.",
"For his last commission in Florence, Donatello produced reliefs for the bronze pulpits in the church of San Lorenzo, with help from students Bartolomeo Bellano and Bertoldo di Giovanni.",
"Donatello provided the general design and personally executed the \"Martyrdom of St. Lawrence\" and the \"Deposition from the Cross\"; he worked on the reliefs of \"Christ before Pilate\" and \"Christ before Caiphus\", with Bellano.",
"This work is characterized by an intense, free, indeed sketchy and suggestively unfinished — in Italian a \"non-finito\" — technique that heightens the dramatic effect of the scenes and emphasizes their spiritual intensity.",
"Donatello died in Florence in 1466 and was buried in the Basilica of San Lorenzo, next to Cosimo de' Medici the Elder."
] |
[
0
] |
Caribbean and Latin America
|
What primary type of rice did Native Americans grow?
|
Rice
| true | 9FOOD
|
[
2
] |
[
"Rice is not native to the Americas but was introduced to Latin America and the Caribbean by European colonizers at an early date with Spanish colonizers introducing Asian rice to Mexico in the 1520s at Veracruz and the Portuguese and their African slaves introducing it at about the same time to Colonial Brazil.",
"Recent scholarship suggests that enslaved Africans played an active role in the establishment of rice in the New World and that African rice was an important crop from an early period.",
"Varieties of rice and bean dishes that were a staple dish along the peoples of West Africa remained a staple among their descendants subjected to slavery in the Spanish New World colonies, Brazil and elsewhere in the Americas.",
"The Native Americans of what is now the Eastern United States may have practiced extensive agriculture with forms of wild rice."
] |
[
0
] |
SeaWorld response
|
Why did SeaWorld file against the DoL for the OSHA worker?
|
Blackfish (film)
| true | 6MOVIES
|
[
8
] |
[
"SeaWorld Entertainment refused to take part in the production of \"Blackfish\", and later claimed the film was inaccurate, saying in a statement:SeaWorld responded further with an open letter rebutting the claims.",
"The Oceanic Preservation Society and The Orca Project, a non-profit focusing on orca in captivity, responded with open letters criticizing SeaWorld's claims.",
"Marine researcher Debbie Giles also offered rebuttals to SeaWorld, finding its assertions inaccurate.",
"SeaWorld also created a section of its website titled \"Truth About Blackfish,\" addressing the claims stated above and highlighting other problems with the film:",
"The implication that SeaWorld separates mothers and very young calves, pointing out that Tillikum was not collected by SeaWorld; that Takara was 12 years old when moved and Kalina was moved when she was over 4 years old.",
"The inclusion of a SeaWorld video of a female trainer riding a killer whale, while one of the cast members, Samantha Berg, talks about her experience at Shamu Stadium, pointing out that the segment implies that Berg had relevant experience when the video used in the film was actually shot 10 years \"after\" Berg had left SeaWorld (The trainer depicted in the video is not Berg but rather a current SeaWorld employee at the time of \"Blackfish\"'s production).",
"The film's use of animal rights activists who have aggressively campaigned against marine mammal display and have no expertise with killer whale behavior in captivity, specifically Howard Garrett, Lori Marino and Ken Balcomb; the film's reliance on statements by David Duffus, a professor of geography whom Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s (OSHA) Judge Kenneth Welsch found \"has no expertise in the training of captive killer whales.\"",
"The film's use of false and misleading statements about the circumstances of Brancheau’s death, specifically the opening sequence's separate generic training and performance footage edited together and synched with actual 911 calls, \"to mislead the audience into believing it is viewing the actual footage of Ms. Brancheau swimming with Tilikum prior to the fatal incident,\" when the opening sequence does not depict either Brancheau or Tilikum, or even an attack, and that no one was ever allowed to swim in the water with Tilikum, including Brancheau; and the use of an edited recording of an EMT technician, subsequently proved to be mistaken, suggesting that Tilikum swallowed Brancheau’s arm during the attack.",
"On February 27, 2014, SeaWorld filed a complaint with the U.S. Department of Labor, claiming the Occupational Safety and Health Administration investigator who investigated Brancheau's death had behaved unethically by aiding the filmmakers.",
"Cowperthwaite denied claims of improper collaboration.",
"In March 2014, Cowperthwaite responded with rebuttals to several but not all of SeaWorld's website claims and challenged SeaWorld to a public debate."
] |
[
1
] |
Apoenzymes
|
What is an example of an organic cofactor?
|
Biomolecule
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
4
] |
[
"An apoenzyme (or, generally, an apoprotein) is the protein without any small-molecule cofactors, substrates, or inhibitors bound.",
"It is often important as an inactive storage, transport, or secretory form of a protein.",
"This is required, for instance, to protect the secretory cell from the activity of that protein.",
"Apoenzymes becomes active enzymes on addition of a cofactor.",
"Cofactors can be either inorganic (e.g., metal ions and iron-sulfur clusters) or organic compounds, (e.g., flavin and heme).",
"Organic cofactors can be either prosthetic groups, which are tightly bound to an enzyme, or coenzymes, which are released from the enzyme's active site during the reaction."
] |
[
0
] |
Conception
|
What person is the president of NBC Entertainment?
|
30 Rock
| true | 1TV
|
[
3
] |
[
"Development and production.",
"In 2002, Fey was the head writer and a performer on the television show \"Saturday Night Live\" (\"SNL\").",
"She pitched the show that became \"30 Rock\" to NBC, originally as a sitcom about cable news.",
"NBC Entertainment president Kevin Reilly felt that \"Fey was using the news setting as a fig leaf for her own experience and encouraged her to write what she knew.\"",
"The show was subsequently reworked to revolve around an \"SNL\"-style sketch show.",
"After being presented to Reilly once more, the show was set to air during the 2005–2006 television season.",
"Just before the deal went through, however, the show was nearly brushed aside by Anthony Lewis and Jack Melcher, two NBC executives who fought the idea, fearing that Fey's removal from \"SNL\" would result in a severe cut to the show's ratings.",
"Eventually, Lewis gave in just a month before his retirement, and Melcher backed down.",
"In May 2003, Fey signed a contract with NBC to remain in her \"SNL\" head writer position until at least the 2004–2005 television season and to develop a prime-time project to be produced by Broadway Video and NBC Universal.",
"Filming was postponed due to Tina Fey's first pregnancy.",
"During the 2004–2005 pilot season, a pilot was announced named \"Untitled Tina Fey Project\".",
"The \"30 Rock\" pilot focused on the boss of a variety show who has to manage her relationships with the show's volatile star and its charismatic executive producer.",
"The storyline evolved into one that dealt with a head writer of a variety show who dealt with both the stars as well as the show's new network executive.",
"\"30 Rock\" was officially given the green light to air May 15, 2006, along with a 13-episode order.",
"The series underwent further changes during the months leading up to and following its debut.",
"A May 2006 press release mentioned that sketches from \"The Girlie Show\" would be made available in their entirety on NBC's broadband website, DotComedy.com.",
"The idea was to air the fictitious \"TGS with Tracy Jordan\" online.",
"This aspect of the series was abandoned prior to its debut."
] |
[
0
] |
Plot
|
What did grant want to pay off with his winnings?
|
Wake in Fright
| true | 6MOVIES
|
[
2
] |
[
"John Grant is a middle-class teacher from the big city.",
"He feels disgruntled because of the onerous terms of a financial bond which he signed with the government in return for receiving a tertiary education.",
"The bond has forced him to accept a post to the tiny school at Tiboonda, a remote township in the arid Australian Outback.",
"It is the start of the Christmas school holidays and Grant plans on going to Sydney to visit his girlfriend but first, however, he must travel by train to the nearby mining town of Bundanyabba (known as “The Yabba”) in order to catch a Sydney-bound flight.",
"At \"The Yabba\", Grant encounters several disconcerting residents including a policeman, Jock Crawford, who encourages Grant to drink repeated glasses of beer before introducing him to the local obsession with the gambling game of two-up.",
"Hoping to win enough money to pay off his bond and escape his \"slavery\" as an outback teacher, Grant at first has a winning streak playing two-up but then loses all his cash.",
"Unable now to leave \"The Yabba\", Grant finds himself dependent on the charity of bullying strangers while being drawn into the crude and hard-drinking lifestyle of the town's residents.",
"Grant reluctantly goes drinking with a resident named Tim Hynes (Al Thomas) and goes to Tim's house.",
"Here he meets Tim's daughter, Janette.",
"While he and Janette talk, several men who have gathered at the house for a drinking session question Grant's masculinity, asking: “What's the matter with him?",
"He'd rather talk to a woman than drink beer.” Janette then tries to initiate an awkward sexual episode with Grant, who vomits.",
"Grant finds refuge of a sort, staying at the shack of an alcoholic medical practitioner known as \"Doc\" Tydon.",
"Doc tells him that he and many others have had sex with Janette.",
"He also gives Grant pills from his medical kit, ostensibly to cure Grant's hangover.",
"Later, a drunk Grant participates in a barbaric kangaroo hunt with Doc and Doc's friends Dick and Joe.",
"The hunt culminates in Grant clumsily stabbing a wounded kangaroo to death, followed by a pointless drunken brawl between Dick and Joe and the vandalizing of a bush pub.",
"At night's end, Grant returns to Doc's shack, where Doc apparently initiates a homosexual encounter between the two.",
"A repulsed Grant leaves the next morning and walks across the desert.",
"He tries to hitch-hike to Sydney, but accidentally boards a truck that takes him straight back to \"The Yabba\".",
"He contemplates shooting Doc, but instead attempts suicide.",
"Grant recovers in hospital from his suicide attempt and Doc sees him off at \"The Yabba's\" rail station.",
"He returns to Tiboonda for the new school year."
] |
[
0
] |
Plot
|
Why does John Grant feel disgruntled?
|
Wake in Fright
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
1
] |
[
"John Grant is a middle-class teacher from the big city.",
"He feels disgruntled because of the onerous terms of a financial bond which he signed with the government in return for receiving a tertiary education.",
"The bond has forced him to accept a post to the tiny school at Tiboonda, a remote township in the arid Australian Outback.",
"It is the start of the Christmas school holidays and Grant plans on going to Sydney to visit his girlfriend but first, however, he must travel by train to the nearby mining town of Bundanyabba (known as “The Yabba”) in order to catch a Sydney-bound flight.",
"At \"The Yabba\", Grant encounters several disconcerting residents including a policeman, Jock Crawford, who encourages Grant to drink repeated glasses of beer before introducing him to the local obsession with the gambling game of two-up.",
"Hoping to win enough money to pay off his bond and escape his \"slavery\" as an outback teacher, Grant at first has a winning streak playing two-up but then loses all his cash.",
"Unable now to leave \"The Yabba\", Grant finds himself dependent on the charity of bullying strangers while being drawn into the crude and hard-drinking lifestyle of the town's residents.",
"Grant reluctantly goes drinking with a resident named Tim Hynes (Al Thomas) and goes to Tim's house.",
"Here he meets Tim's daughter, Janette.",
"While he and Janette talk, several men who have gathered at the house for a drinking session question Grant's masculinity, asking: “What's the matter with him?",
"He'd rather talk to a woman than drink beer.” Janette then tries to initiate an awkward sexual episode with Grant, who vomits.",
"Grant finds refuge of a sort, staying at the shack of an alcoholic medical practitioner known as \"Doc\" Tydon.",
"Doc tells him that he and many others have had sex with Janette.",
"He also gives Grant pills from his medical kit, ostensibly to cure Grant's hangover.",
"Later, a drunk Grant participates in a barbaric kangaroo hunt with Doc and Doc's friends Dick and Joe.",
"The hunt culminates in Grant clumsily stabbing a wounded kangaroo to death, followed by a pointless drunken brawl between Dick and Joe and the vandalizing of a bush pub.",
"At night's end, Grant returns to Doc's shack, where Doc apparently initiates a homosexual encounter between the two.",
"A repulsed Grant leaves the next morning and walks across the desert.",
"He tries to hitch-hike to Sydney, but accidentally boards a truck that takes him straight back to \"The Yabba\".",
"He contemplates shooting Doc, but instead attempts suicide.",
"Grant recovers in hospital from his suicide attempt and Doc sees him off at \"The Yabba's\" rail station.",
"He returns to Tiboonda for the new school year."
] |
[
1
] |
Robert Lehman Collection
|
What is different about the Robert Lehman collection compared to other departments at the Met?
|
Metropolitan Museum of Art
| false | 2TRAVEL
|
[
3
] |
[
"On the passing of banker Robert Lehman in 1969, his Foundation donated 2,600 works of art to the museum.",
"Housed in the \"Robert Lehman Wing,\" the museum refers to the collection as \"one of the most extraordinary private art collections ever assembled in the United States\".",
"To emphasize the personal nature of the Robert Lehman Collection, the Met housed the collection in a special set of galleries which evoked the interior of Lehman's richly decorated townhouse; this intentional separation of the Collection as a \"museum within the museum\" met with mixed criticism and approval at the time, though the acquisition of the collection was seen as a coup for the Met.",
"Unlike other departments at the Met, the Robert Lehman collection does not concentrate on a specific style or period of art; rather, it reflects Lehman's personal interests.",
"Lehman the collector concentrated heavily on paintings of the Italian Renaissance, particularly the Sienese school.",
"Paintings in the collection include masterpieces by Botticelli and Domenico Veneziano, as well as works by a significant number of Spanish painters, El Greco and Goya among them.",
"Lehman's collection of drawings by the Old Masters, featuring works by Rembrandt and Dürer, is particularly valuable for its breadth and quality.",
"Princeton University Press has documented the massive collection in a multi-volume book series published as \"The Robert Lehman Collection Catalogues\"."
] |
[
0
] |
Types of shots played
|
How do you explain a reverse angle?
|
Squash (sport)
| true | 4SPORT
|
[
23
] |
[
"There are many types of shots played that lead to interesting games and strategy.",
" Straight drive: The ball is hit parallel and close to a side wall to travel deep to the back of the court (the 'basic' squash shot).",
"Often referred to as a 'good length' shot.",
" Boast: The ball is played off a side wall at an angle, or the back wall, before hitting the front wall.",
" Volley: The ball is hit 'on the full' (before it touches the floor), usually directly to the front wall",
" Drop shot: The ball is hit gently against the front wall, to fall softly to the floor in the front corner.",
" Lob: The ball is hit softly and high on the front wall and with a high arc, so that it falls in a back corner of the court.",
" Cross Court: The ball is hit to the front wall from the right side to the left (or vice versa).",
" Kill: The ball is hit hard and low on the front wall so that it travels no farther than half court.",
" Trickle boast: A 'short' boast where the ball is hit to the side wall at the front of the court (often disguised as a drive or drop shot).",
" Squeeze boast: A more difficult shot which is hit from the front of the court when the ball is very close to the side wall.",
"Has the same effect as the trickle boast but is more deceptive because of its difficulty.",
" Nick shot: the ball is 'volleyed' or hit off a bounce to strike the front wall then the junction of the side wall and floor (the 'nick') giving the ball little or no bounce.",
" Rolling nick shot: When the nick shot is hit extremely well, the ball will roll along the floor (this is a more advanced shot that is a variation of the kill shot).",
" Back wall boast: the ball is hit moderately hard and high off the back wall, so that it goes the length of the room and hits (usually low) off the front wall.",
" Philadelphia (or corkscrew): A shot played diagonally upwards into the front corner hitting the front wall first and then the side wall.",
"The ball then lobs over the court with significant spin.",
"Ideally it hits the opposite side wall at the back and travels parallel to the rear wall making a return very difficult.",
"This shot is a favourite in exhibition squash but is susceptible to being volleyed.",
" Skid boast: A shot played from the back corners of the court where the ball is hit high along the sidewall with a small angle so that it hits the sidewall first, then hits high in the middle of the front wall continuing to cross the court while high in the air ideally hitting the opposite sidewall and landing close to the backwall to go past the opponent.",
"As with the Philadelphia it is suceptible to being volleyed.",
" Mizuki: This shot is hit as a volley.",
"Unlike a normal volley, the Mizuki shot is hit with the other side of the racquet by turning the wrist which deceives the direction of the ball.",
" Reverse angle: a boast where the opposite sidewall is hit first."
] |
[
5
] |
British Museum Press
|
When was the Research Publications series started?
|
British Museum
| false | 2TRAVEL
|
[
5
] |
[
" Press.",
"The British Museum Press (BMP) is the publishing business and a division of the British Museum Company Ltd, a company and a charity (established in 1973) wholly owned by the Trustees of the British Museum.",
"The BMP publishes both popular and scholarly illustrated books to accompany the exhibition programme and explore aspects of the general collection.",
"Profits from their sales goes to support the British Museum.",
"Scholarly titles are published in the Research Publications series, all of which are peer-reviewed.",
"This series was started in 1978 and was originally called Occasional Papers.",
"The series is designed to disseminate research on items in the collection.",
"Between six and eight titles are published each year in this series."
] |
[
2
] |
The proton and the idea of nuclear electrons
|
What charge do alpha particle have?
|
Atomic number
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
2
] |
[
"In 1915 the reason for nuclear charge being quantized in units of Z, which were now recognized to be the same as the element number, was not understood.",
"An old idea called Prout's hypothesis had postulated that the elements were all made of residues (or \"protyles\") of the lightest element hydrogen, which in the Bohr-Rutherford model had a single electron and a nuclear charge of one.",
"However, as early as 1907 Rutherford and Thomas Royds had shown that alpha particles, which had a charge of +2, were the nuclei of helium atoms, which had a mass four times that of hydrogen, not two times.",
"If Prout's hypothesis were true, something had to be neutralizing some of the charge of the hydrogen nuclei present in the nuclei of heavier atoms.",
"In 1917 Rutherford succeeded in generating hydrogen nuclei from a nuclear reaction between alpha particles and nitrogen gas, and believed he had proven Prout's law.",
"He called the new heavy nuclear particles protons in 1920 (alternate names being proutons and protyles).",
"It had been immediately apparent from the work of Moseley that the nuclei of heavy atoms have more than twice as much mass as would be expected from their being made of hydrogen nuclei, and thus there was required a hypothesis for the neutralization of the extra protons presumed present in all heavy nuclei.",
"A helium nucleus was presumed to be composed of four protons plus two \"nuclear electrons\" (electrons bound inside the nucleus) to cancel two of the charges.",
"At the other end of the periodic table, a nucleus of gold with a mass 197 times that of hydrogen, was thought to contain 118 nuclear electrons in the nucleus to give it a residual charge of + 79, consistent with its atomic number."
] |
[
0
] |
TV Commercials
|
When did Six Flags start airing commercials linking together all of their parks?
|
Six Flags
| true | 2TRAVEL
|
[
0
] |
[
"In 2004, Six Flags began a series of commercials linking all of the parks.",
"The commercials were notable for a new mascot, \"Mr. Six\", an apparently feeble old man in a tuxedo and red bow tie.",
"In many of the commercials, Mr. Six would slowly exit a multi-colored bus, only to start frenetically dancing to the Vengaboys' \"We Like to Party\".",
"The commercials were an immediate hit and Mr. Six almost instantly became the official mascot, although he was initially retired after the 2005 season.",
"These ads have become widely parodied on the Internet, with faces from other Internet memes being superimposed over Mr. Six's face.",
"From 2008 to 2010, Six Flags' TV ads have a \"Fun-O-Meter\" in which the beginning of the ad may show something boring or embarrassing and a man's face judges it \"One Flag!\"",
"or sometimes \"Two Flags!\"",
"Then roller coasters and attractions of Six Flags are shown and says \"Six Flags, More Flags, More Fun!\"",
"for Six Flags parks.",
"However, the thick accent of the Asian man in the original commercials had drawn criticism for being an offensive caricature.",
"In 2009, the Mr. Six character came back from retirement and replaced the Asian man in Six Flags' ads, still using the Fun-O-Meter.",
"Since 2011, Six Flags' TV ads got a brand-new slogan \"Go Big!",
"Go Six Flags!\"",
"for its current Six Flags theme parks."
] |
[
2
] |
Background
|
Who killed Lincoln?
|
Assassination of William McKinley
| true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
15
] |
[
"In September 1901, William McKinley was at the height of his power as president.",
"Elected in 1896, during the serious economic depression resulting from the Panic of 1893, he had defeated his Democratic rival, William Jennings Bryan.",
"McKinley led the nation both to a return to prosperity and to victory in the Spanish-American War in 1898, taking possession of such Spanish colonies as Puerto Rico and the Philippines.",
"Re-elected handily in a rematch against Bryan in 1900, according to historical writer Eric Rauchway, \"it looked as if the McKinley Administration would continue peaceably unbroken for another four years, a government devoted to prosperity\".",
"McKinley's original vice president, Garret Hobart, had died in 1899, and McKinley left the choice of a running mate to the 1900 Republican National Convention.",
"In advance of the convention, New York's Republican political boss, Senator Thomas C. Platt, saw an opportunity to politically sideline his state's governor, former Assistant Secretary of the Navy Theodore Roosevelt, by pushing for his nomination as vice president.",
"Roosevelt accepted the nomination and was elected on McKinley's ticket.",
"Leon Czolgosz was born in Detroit, Michigan, in 1873, the son of Polish immigrants.",
"The Czolgosz family moved a number of times as Paul Czolgosz, Leon's father, sought work throughout the Midwest.",
"As an adult, Leon Czolgosz worked in a Cleveland factory until he lost his job in a labor dispute in 1893.",
"Thereafter, he worked irregularly and attended political and religious meetings, trying to understand the reasons for the economic turmoil of the Panic of 1893.",
"In so doing, he became interested in anarchism.",
"By 1901, this movement was feared in the United States—New York's highest court had ruled that the act of identifying oneself as an anarchist in front of an audience was a breach of the peace.",
"Anarchists had taken a toll in Europe of a half-dozen officials and members of royal houses, and had been blamed for the 1886 Haymarket bombing in Chicago.",
"Two American presidents had been assassinated in the 19th century—Abraham Lincoln in 1865 and James Garfield in 1881.",
"John Wilkes Booth, Lincoln's assassin, had been embittered by the Confederate defeat in the American Civil War; Charles Guiteau, the assassin of Garfield, was an eccentric (possibly insane) man motivated by personal political and religious views who had unsuccessfully sought office in Garfield's administration.",
"Although two presidents had been struck down by assassins, McKinley did not like security personnel to come between him and the people.",
"When in his hometown, Canton, Ohio, he often walked to church or the business district without protection, and in Washington went on drives with his wife without any guard in the carriage."
] |
[
3
] |
Places of interest
|
How did they furnish the houses?
|
Stone Mountain
| true | 2TRAVEL
|
[
5
] |
[
"Confederate Hall, operated directly by the Stone Mountain Memorial Association or SMMA, is a museum that educates students and park guests on the geology and ecology of Stone Mountain as well as historical aspects of the area.",
"A small theater shows a historical documentary about the Civil War in Georgia called \"The Battle for Georgia\".",
"The education department is host to thousands of students each school year teaching the subjects of geology, ecology, and history.",
"Classes are designed to meet the Georgia Performance Standards and the North American Association for Environmental Education guidelines.",
"The Antebellum Plantation and Farmyard is an open air museum composed of 19 historic buildings, built between 1790 and 1875, which have been re-erected to the site to represent a pre-Civil War Georgia plantation.",
"The historic houses have been furnished with an extensive collection of period furniture and decorations.",
"The farm features live animals that guests can pet.",
"A 732-bell carillon that originated at the 1964 New York World's Fair, provides a daily concert.",
"A covered bridge, dating from 1892, which originally spanned the Oconee River in Athens, Georgia.",
"A grist mill, dating from 1869 and moved to the park in 1965."
] |
[
5
] |
Names of the Sphinx
|
What are the origins for the word "Sphinx"?
|
Great Sphinx of Giza
| false | 3ART
|
[
3,
4,
5
] |
[
"It is not known by what name the creators called their statue, as the Great Sphinx does not appear in any known inscription of the Old Kingdom, and there are no inscriptions anywhere describing its construction or its original purpose.",
"In the New Kingdom, the Sphinx was called \"Hor-em-akhet\" (; Hellenized: \"Harmachis\"), and the pharaoh Thutmose IV (1401–1391 or 1397–1388 BC) specifically referred to it as such in his Dream Stele.",
"The commonly used name \"Sphinx\" was given to it in classical antiquity, about 2000 years after the accepted date of its construction, by reference to a Greek mythological beast with a lion's body, a woman's head and the wings of an eagle (although, like most Egyptian sphinxes, the Great Sphinx has a man's head and no wings).",
"The English word \"sphinx\" comes from the ancient Greek Σφίγξ (transliterated: ), apparently from the verb σφίγγω (transliterated: / ), after the Greek sphinx who strangled anyone who failed to answer her riddle.",
"The name may alternatively be a corruption of the ancient Egyptian \"Ssp-anx\" (in MdC), a name given to royal statues of Dynasty IV (2575–2467 BC) and later in the New Kingdom (c. 1570–1070 BC) to the Great Sphinx more specifically, although phonetically the two names are far from identical.",
"Medieval Arab writers, including al-Maqrīzī, call the Sphinx \"balhib\" and \"bilhaw\", which suggest a Coptic influence.",
"The modern Egyptian Arabic name is أبو الهول (, )."
] |
[
0
] |
Public policy
|
Are most workers in Finland part of a Union if one is accessible for their role?
|
Finland
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
19
] |
[
"Finnish politicians have often emulated other Nordics and the Nordic model.",
"Nordics have been free-trading and relatively welcoming to skilled migrants for over a century, though in Finland immigration is relatively new.",
"The level of protection in commodity trade has been low, except for agricultural products.",
"Finland has top levels of economic freedom in many areas.",
"Finland is ranked 16th in the 2008 global Index of Economic Freedom and 9th in Europe.",
"While the manufacturing sector is thriving, the OECD points out that the service sector would benefit substantially from policy improvements.",
"The 2007 IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook ranked Finland 17th most competitive.",
"The World Economic Forum 2008 index ranked Finland the 6th most competitive.",
"In both indicators, Finland's performance was next to Germany, and significantly higher than most European countries.",
"In the Business competitiveness index 2007–2008 Finland ranked third in the world.",
"Economists attribute much growth to reforms in the product markets.",
"According to the OECD, only four EU-15 countries have less regulated product markets (UK, Ireland, Denmark and Sweden) and only one has less regulated financial markets (Denmark).",
"Nordic countries were pioneers in liberalizing energy, postal, and other markets in Europe.",
"The legal system is clear and business bureaucracy less than most countries.",
"Property rights are well protected and contractual agreements are strictly honoured.",
"Finland is rated the least corrupted country in the world in the Corruption Perceptions Index and 13th in the Ease of Doing Business Index.",
"This indicates exceptional ease in cross-border trading (5th), contract enforcement (7th), business closure (5th), tax payment (83rd) and low worker hardship (127th).",
"Finnish law forces all workers to obey the national contracts that are drafted every few years for each profession and seniority level.",
"The agreement becomes universally enforceable provided that more than 50% of the employees support it, in practice by being a member of a relevant trade union.",
"The unionization rate is high (70%), especially in the middle class (AKAVA—80%).",
"A lack of a national agreement in an industry is considered an exception."
] |
[] |
Pitch
|
Fields for non-international matches are what length?
|
Association football
| true | 4SPORT
|
[
3
] |
[
"As the Laws were formulated in England, and were initially administered solely by the four British football associations within IFAB, the standard dimensions of a football pitch were originally expressed in imperial units.",
"The Laws now express dimensions with approximate metric equivalents (followed by traditional units in brackets), though popular use tends to continue to use traditional units in English-speaking countries with a relatively recent history of metrication (or only partial metrication), such as Britain.",
"The length of the pitch for international adult matches is in the range of 100–110 m (110–120 yd) and the width is in the range of 64–75 m (70–80 yd).",
"Fields for non-international matches may be 90–120 m (100–130 yd) length and 45–90 m (50–100 yd) in width, provided that the pitch does not become square.",
"In 2008, the IFAB initially approved a fixed size of 105 m (344 ft) long and 68 m (223 ft) wide as a standard pitch dimension for international matches; however, this decision was later put on hold and was never actually implemented.",
"The longer boundary lines are \"touchlines\", while the shorter boundaries (on which the goals are placed) are \"goal lines\".",
"A rectangular goal is positioned at the middle of each goal line.",
"The inner edges of the vertical goal posts must be 7.32 m (8 yd) apart, and the lower edge of the horizontal crossbar supported by the goal posts must be 2.44 m (8 ft) above the ground.",
"Nets are usually placed behind the goal, but are not required by the Laws.",
"In front of each goal is an area known as the penalty area.",
"This area is marked by the goal line, two lines starting on the goal line 16.5 m (18 yd) from the goalposts and extending 16.5 m (18 yd) into the pitch perpendicular to the goal line, and a line joining them.",
"This area has a number of functions, the most prominent being to mark where the goalkeeper may handle the ball and where a penalty foul by a member of the defending team becomes punishable by a penalty kick.",
"Other markings define the position of the ball or players at kick-offs, goal kicks, penalty kicks and corner kicks."
] |
[
0
] |
Personnel
|
Which duo are responsible for writing the song "Love the Way You Lie"?
|
Love the Way You Lie
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
3,
4
] |
[
"The credits for \"Love the Way You Lie\" are adapted from the liner notes of \"Recovery\".",
" Eminem – mixing engineer, writer, vocalist",
" Rihanna – vocalist",
" Skylar Grey – writer",
" Alex da Kid – mastering engineer, mixing engineer, producer, writer",
" Mike Strange – mixing engineer, recording engineer",
" Marcos Tovar – recording engineer",
" Joe Strange – engineering assistant",
" Spike Lindsey – engineering assistant",
" Makeba Riddick – producer (vocals)",
" J. Brow – guitarist"
] |
[] |
Grand Canyon tourism
|
Which states are the majority of Grand Canyon National park visitors from?
|
Grand Canyon
| true | 2TRAVEL
|
[
0,
1,
2
] |
[
" tourism.",
"Grand Canyon National Park is one of the world’s premier natural attractions, attracting about five million visitors per year.",
"Overall, 83% were from the United States: California (12.2%), Arizona (8.9%), Texas (4.8%), Florida (3.4%) and New York (3.2%) represented the top domestic visitors.",
"Seventeen percent of visitors were from outside the United States; the most prominently represented nations were the United Kingdom (3.8%), Canada (3.5%), Japan (2.1%), Germany (1.9%) and The Netherlands (1.2%).",
"The South Rim is open all year round weather permitting.",
"The North Rim is generally open mid-May to mid-October."
] |
[] |
Judo "waza" (techniques)
|
What is most known for "nage-waza"?
|
Judo
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
3
] |
[
" \"waza\" (techniques).",
"There are three basic categories of in judo: , and .",
"Judo is most known for \"nage-waza\" and \"katame-waza\".",
"Judo practitioners typically devote a portion of each practice session to , in order that \"nage-waza\" can be practiced without significant risk of injury.",
"Several distinct types of \"ukemi\" exist, including ; ; ; and The person who performs a \"Waza\" is known as and the person to whom it is performed is known as ."
] |
[
0
] |
Plot
|
What did sam say to suzy?
|
Moonrise Kingdom
| true | 6MOVIES
|
[
24
] |
[
"In September 1965, on a New England island called New Penzance, 12-year-old orphan Sam Shakusky is attending a Khaki Scout summer camp, Camp Ivanhoe, led by Scoutmaster Randy Ward.",
"Suzy Bishop, also 12, lives on the island with her parents, Walt and Lauraboth attorneysand her three younger brothers in a house called Summer's End.",
"Sam and Suzy, both introverted, intelligent, and mature for their age, met in the summer of 1964 during a church performance of \"Noye's Fludde\" and have been pen pals since then.",
"Having fallen in love over the course of their correspondence, they have made a secret pact to reunite and run away together.",
"Sam brings camping equipment, and Suzy brings her binoculars, six books, her cat, and her brother's battery-powered record player.",
"They hike, camp, and fish together in the wilderness with the goal of reaching a secluded cove on the island.",
"They are confronted by a group of Khaki Scouts who try to capture them, and during the resulting altercation Suzy injures one of the Scouts with scissors and Camp Ivanhoe's dog is killed by a stray shot from a bow and arrow wielded by one of the Scouts.",
"The Scouts flee, and Sam and Suzy hike to the cove, which they name Moonrise Kingdom.",
"They set up camp, and go swimming.",
"Later, while drying off, they begin dancing to Françoise Hardy in their underwear.",
"As the romantic tension between them grows, they kiss repeatedly.",
"Suzy's parents, Scoutmaster Ward, the Scouts from Camp Ivanhoe, and Island Police Captain Duffy Sharp find Sam and Suzy in their tent at the cove.",
"Suzy's parents take her home and when Sharp contacts the foster parents he is told that they no longer wish to house Sam.",
"He stays with Sharp while they await the arrival of \"Social Services\"an otherwise nameless woman with plans to place Sam in a \"juvenile refuge\" and to explore the possibility of treating him with electroshock therapy.",
"The Camp Ivanhoe Scouts have a change of heart and decide to help the couple.",
"Together, they paddle to neighboring St. Jack Wood Island to seek out the help of Cousin Ben, an older relative of one of the Scouts.",
"Ben works at Fort Lebanon, a larger Khaki Scout summer camp located on St. Jack Wood Island and run by Commander Pierce, who is Ward's boss and views Ward as incompetent.",
"Ben decides that the best available option is to try to get Sam and Suzy aboard a crabbing boat anchored off the island so that Sam can work as a crewman and avoid Social Services, but before leaving he performs a \"wedding\" ceremony, which he admits is not legally binding.",
"Sam and Suzy never make it onto the crabbing boat, and instead are pursued by Suzy's parents, Captain Sharp, Social Services, and the Scouts of Fort Lebanon under the command of Scoutmaster Ward, who displays great leadership after Commander Pierce is incapacitated.",
"A violent hurricane and flash flood strike only three days after Sam and Suzy first ran away from home and, after many twists and turns, Sharp apprehends Sam and Suzy on the steeple of the church in which they first met.",
"The steeple is destroyed by lightning, but everyone survives.",
"During the storm, Sharp decides to become Sam's legal guardian, thus saving Sam from the orphanage, as well as allowing him to remain on New Penzance Island and maintain contact with Suzy.",
"At Summer's End, Sam is painting a landscape of Moonrise Kingdom.",
"Suzy and her brothers are called to dinner.",
"Sam tells Suzy, \"See you tomorrow\", and slips out through the window to join Sharp in his patrol car."
] |
[
0
] |
Varieties
|
What is Tteokgalbi similar to?
|
Galbi
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
4
] |
[
"Dwaeji galbi () is made with pork ribs that can be seasoned with a typical ganjang-based sauce or gochujang-based sauce (chili pepper condiment).",
"In the latter case, the dish is called \"maeun dwaeji galbi\" (), literally meaning \"hot and spicy pork ribs\" in Korean.",
"Dak galbi () is made with chicken legs although the name contains \"galbi\".",
"It is seasoned with a gochujang-based sauce, but \"maeun\" (매운, hot and spicy) is not prefixed.",
"Tteokgalbi () is made much like meat balls.",
"Ground beef ribs are clumped together in chunks before being grilled.",
"Rice cakes (tteok) is often grilled with the tteokgalbi, typically at the center of it.",
"L.A.",
"galbi () is made with beef ribs thinly cut across the bone.",
"As the name suggests, this is an American variation that originates from South Korean expatriate communities in the Californian city of Los Angeles.",
"It is prepared in the same way as regular galbi, except that the ribs are cut differently.",
"Because most American butcheries cut ribs rib-eye style, instead of the thicker chunks of individual ribs South Koreans typically do in their own country, South Korean-owned restaurants in Los Angeles made galbi with these thinner cuts of beef with several ribs.",
"This variation has since made its way back to South Korea as well."
] |
[
0
] |
Abstract
|
Who recorded a modified version of the song?
|
Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas
| false | 0MUSIC
|
[
1
] |
[
"\"Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas\" is a song introduced by Judy Garland in the 1944 MGM musical \"Meet Me in St. Louis\".",
"Frank Sinatra later recorded a version with modified lyrics.",
"The song was written by Hugh Martin and Ralph Blane.",
"In 2007, ASCAP ranked \"Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas\" the third most performed Christmas song during the preceding five years that had been written by ASCAP members."
] |
[
3
] |
Philosophical implications
|
During what time period did relational quantum mechanics start to become studied?
|
Quantum mechanics
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
24
] |
[
"Since its inception, the many counter-intuitive aspects and results of quantum mechanics have provoked strong philosophical debates and many interpretations.",
"Even fundamental issues, such as Max Born's basic rules concerning probability amplitudes and probability distributions took decades to be appreciated by society and many leading scientists.",
"Richard Feynman once said, \"I think I can safely say that nobody understands quantum mechanics.\"",
"According to Steven Weinberg, \"There is now in my opinion no entirely satisfactory interpretation of quantum mechanics.",
"\"The Copenhagen interpretation - due largely to the Danish theoretical physicist Niels Bohr - remains the quantum mechanical formalism that is currently most widely accepted amongst physicists, some 75 years after its enunciation.",
"According to this interpretation, the probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics is not a \"temporary\" feature which will eventually be replaced by a deterministic theory, but instead must be considered a \"final\" renunciation of the classical idea of \"causality\".",
"It is also believed therein that any well-defined application of the quantum mechanical formalism must always make reference to the experimental arrangement, due to the complementarity nature of evidence obtained under different experimental situations.",
"Albert Einstein, himself one of the founders of quantum theory, disliked this loss of determinism in measurement.",
"Einstein held that there should be a local hidden variable theory underlying quantum mechanics and, consequently, that the present theory was incomplete.",
"He produced a series of objections to the theory, the most famous of which has become known as the Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen paradox.",
"John Bell showed that this \"EPR\" paradox led to experimentally testable differences between quantum mechanics and local realistic theories.",
"Experiments have been performed confirming the accuracy of quantum mechanics, thereby demonstrating that the physical world cannot be described by any local realistic theory.",
"The \"Bohr-Einstein debates\" provide a vibrant critique of the Copenhagen Interpretation from an epistemological point of view.",
"The Everett many-worlds interpretation, formulated in 1956, holds that \"all\" the possibilities described by quantum theory \"simultaneously\" occur in a multiverse composed of mostly independent parallel universes.",
"This is not accomplished by introducing some \"new axiom\" to quantum mechanics, but on the contrary, by \"removing\" the axiom of the collapse of the wave packet.",
"\"All\" of the possible consistent states of the measured system and the measuring apparatus (including the observer) are present in a \"real\" physical - not just formally mathematical, as in other interpretations - quantum superposition.",
"Such a superposition of consistent state combinations of different systems is called an entangled state.",
"While the multiverse is deterministic, we perceive non-deterministic behavior governed by probabilities, because we can observe only the universe (i.e., the consistent state contribution to the aforementioned superposition) that we, as observers, inhabit.",
"Everett's interpretation is perfectly consistent with John Bell's experiments and makes them intuitively understandable.",
"However, according to the theory of quantum decoherence, these \"parallel universes\" will never be accessible to us.",
"The inaccessibility can be understood as follows: once a measurement is done, the measured system becomes entangled with \"both\" the physicist who measured it \"and\" a huge number of other particles, some of which are photons flying away at the speed of light towards the other end of the universe.",
"In order to prove that the wave function did not collapse, one would have to bring \"all\" these particles back and measure them again, together with the system that was originally measured.",
"Not only is this completely impractical, but even if one \"could\" theoretically do this, it would have to destroy any evidence that the original measurement took place (to include the physicist's memory!",
"); in light of these Bell tests, Cramer (1986) formulated his transactional interpretation.",
"Relational quantum mechanics appeared in the late 1990s as the modern derivative of the Copenhagen Interpretation."
] |
[
0
] |
Development and production
|
Who played Max and Polly's stepfather?
|
How to Live with Your Parents (For the Rest of Your Life)
| false | 1TV
|
[
7
] |
[
"In January 2012, ABC placed a pilot order for \"How to Live with Your Parents (For the Rest of Your Life)\".",
"Claudia Lonow wrote the pilot episode, and serves as showrunner and head writer.",
"Lonow also executive produces the series alongside Brian Grazer and Francie Calfo, under their production company Imagine Entertainment.",
"Casting announcements began in February 2012, with Sarah Chalke first cast in the lead role of Polly, the recently divorced mother who moves back in with her parents.",
"Jon Dore then joined the series in the role of Julian, Polly's ex-husband.",
"Following Dore, Elizabeth Perkins signed on to play the role of Elaine, Polly's optimistic and outspoken mother.",
"Next to board the series was Rachel Eggleston as Natalie, Polly and Julian's six-year-old daughter.",
"Brad Garrett then joined the series as Max, Polly's stepfather, who owns a successful chain of nightclubs.",
"Rebecca Delgado Smith boarded the series in the role of Jenn, Polly's co-worker who occasionally helps Polly with her dating problems.",
"Orlando Jones completed the main cast in the series when he signed on to play the role of Gregg, Polly's married best friend and co-worker.",
"On May 11, 2012, ABC placed a series order for the comedy.",
"Shortly after the series order was placed, Rebecca Delgado Smith and Orlando Jones were dropped from the cast.",
"Smith's role was subsequently recast with Stephanie Hunt.",
"The series went into production early and the first season was completed by November 2012."
] |
[
3
] |
Music video
|
When was the premiere of "What Makes You Beautiful"?
|
What Makes You Beautiful
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
1
] |
[
"The music video for \"What Makes You Beautiful\" was directed by John Urbano.",
"Filmed for two days in July 2011, it premiered on 19 August 2011.",
"On each of the five days preceding the video's premiere, One Direction posted a teaser trailer of the video online.",
"Each teaser showed footage from the video and behind the scenes, and one member of the band announcing how many days were left until the video premiere.",
"The video opens with One Direction spending time on a Malibu, California beach inter cut with scenes of them driving an orange campervan.",
"During the second verse, a group of three girls joins the band at the beach; in Styles' bridge solo, he intimately sings to one girl individually.",
"During the final choruses the band and girls are shown sitting around a fire, lighting sparklers and taking photographs.",
"On video sharing website MUZU TV, the video was the fourth most-watched music video of 2011 in the UK.",
"The video won two MTV Video Music Awards for Best Pop Video and Most Share-Worthy Video, and earned the group the award for Best New Artist on 6 September 2012.",
"As of March 2014, the music video has garnered almost 500 million Vevo views.",
"In 2012, a blogger at BuzzFeed noticed similarities between the video and pop punk band Blink-182's video for \"All the Small Things\" — the video was filmed on Santa Monica Beach and is shot from the same camera angle as in \"What Makes You Beautiful\", leading media outlets to joke that the band parodied One Direction eleven years prior to their formation."
] |
[
2,
0
] |
T1rho MRI
|
What is t1p?
|
Magnetic resonance imaging
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
0
] |
[
"T1ρ (T1rho): Molecules have a kinetic energy that is a function of the temperature and is expressed as translational and rotational motions, and by collisions between molecules.",
"The moving dipoles disturb the magnetic field but are often extremely rapid so that the average effect over a long time-scale may be zero.",
"However, depending on the time-scale, the interactions between the dipoles do not always average away.",
"At the slowest extreme the interaction time is effectively infinite and occurs where there are large, stationary field disturbances (e.g., a metallic implant).",
"In this case the loss of coherence is described as a \"static dephasing\".",
"T2* is a measure of the loss of coherence in an ensemble of spins that includes all interactions (including static dephasing).",
"T2 is a measure of the loss of coherence that excludes static dephasing, using an RF pulse to reverse the slowest types of dipolar interaction.",
"There is in fact a continuum of interaction time-scales in a given biological sample, and the properties of the refocusing RF pulse can be tuned to refocus more than just static dephasing.",
"In general, the rate of decay of an ensemble of spins is a function of the interaction times and also the power of the RF pulse.",
"This type of decay, occurring under the influence of RF, is known as T1ρ.",
"It is similar to T2 decay but with some slower dipolar interactions refocused, as well as static interactions, hence T1ρ≥T2."
] |
[
0
] |
Plutonium
|
Which substance does uranium-238 decay into first?
|
Manhattan Project
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
2
] |
[
"The second line of development pursued by the Manhattan Project used the fissile element plutonium.",
"Although small amounts of plutonium exist in nature, the best way to obtain large quantities of the element is in a nuclear reactor, in which natural uranium is bombarded by neutrons.",
"The uranium-238 is transmuted into uranium-239, which rapidly decays, first into neptunium-239 and then into plutonium-239.",
"Only a small amount of the uranium-238 will be transformed, so the plutonium must be chemically separated from the remaining uranium, from any initial impurities, and from fission products."
] |
[] |
Geography
|
Which lake has a main input and output from the Rhone river?
|
Switzerland
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
20
] |
[
"Extending across the north and south side of the Alps in west-central Europe, Switzerland encompasses a great diversity of landscapes and climates on a limited area of .",
"The population is about 7.9 million, resulting in an average population density of around 190 people per square kilometre (485/sq mi).",
"The more mountainous southern half of the country is far more sparsely populated than the northern half.",
"In the largest Canton of Graubünden, lying entirely in the Alps, population density falls to 27 /km² (70 /sq mi).",
"Switzerland lies between latitudes 45° and 48° N, and longitudes 5° and 11° E. It contains three basic topographical areas: the Swiss Alps to the south, the Swiss plateau or middleland, and the Jura mountains on the north.",
"The Alps are a high mountain range running across the central-south of the country, comprising about 60% of the country's total area.",
"Among the high valleys of the Swiss Alps many glaciers are found, totalling an area of 1,063 square kilometres.",
"From these originate the headwaters of several major rivers, such as the Rhine, Inn, Ticino and Rhône, which flow in the four cardinal directions into the whole of Europe.",
"The hydrographic network includes several of the largest bodies of freshwater in Central and Western Europe, among which are included Lake Geneva, Lake Constance and Lake Maggiore.",
"Switzerland has more than 1500 lakes, and contains 6% of Europe's stock of fresh water.",
"Lakes and glaciers cover about 6% of the national territory.",
"About a hundred of Switzerland's mountain peaks are close to or higher than .",
"At , Monte Rosa is the highest, although the Matterhorn () is probably the most famous.",
"Both are located within the Pennine Alps in the canton of Valais.",
"The section of the Bernese Alps above the deep glacial Lauterbrunnen valley, containing 72 waterfalls, is well known for the Jungfrau () and Eiger, and the many picturesque valleys in the region.",
"In the southeast the long Engadin Valley, encompassing the St. Moritz area in canton Graubünden, is also well known; the highest peak in the neighbouring Bernina Alps is Piz Bernina ().",
"The more populous northern part of the country, comprising about 30% of the country's total area, is called the Middle Land.",
"It has greater open and hilly landscapes, partly forested, partly open pastures, usually with grazing herds, or vegetables and fruit fields, but it is still hilly.",
"There are large lakes found here and the biggest Swiss cities are in this area of the country.",
"The largest lake is Lake Geneva (also called Lac Léman in French), in western Switzerland.",
"The Rhône River is both the main input and output of Lake Geneva."
] |
[] |
Occupation
|
who conducted swim tests with geese as part of an animal behavior study?
|
Human swimming
| true | 4SPORT
|
[
5
] |
[
"Some occupations require the workers to swim.",
"For example, abalone- or pearl-divers swim and dive to obtain an economic benefit, as do spear fishermen.",
"Swimming is used to rescue people in the water who may be in distress, including tired swimmers, non-swimmers who have accidentally entered the water, or water users who have come to harm.",
"Lifeguards or volunteer lifesavers are deployed at many pools and beaches worldwide to fulfill this purpose, and they, as well as rescue swimmers, may use specific swimming styles for rescue purposes.",
"Swimming is also used in marine biology to observe plants and animals in their natural habitat.",
"Other sciences use swimming, for example Konrad Lorenz swam with geese as part of his studies of animal behavior.",
"Swimming also has military purposes.",
"Military swimming is usually done by special forces, such as Navy SEALs.",
"Swimming is used to approach a location, gather intelligence, sabotage or combat, and to depart a location.",
"This may also include airborne insertion into water or exiting a submarine while it is submerged.",
"Due to regular exposure to large bodies of water, all recruits in the United States Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard are required to complete basic swimming or water survival training.",
"Swimming is also a professional sport.",
"Companies sponsor swimmers who are at the international level.",
"Many swimmers compete competitively in order to represent their home country in the olympics.",
"Cash awards are also given at many of the major competitions for breaking records.",
"Professional swimmers may also earn a living as entertainers, performing in water ballets."
] |
[
3
] |
Ski flying
|
Who is considered the originator of ski flying?
|
Ski jumping
| true | 4SPORT
|
[
7
] |
[
"Ski Flying is an extension of ski jumping.",
"The events take place on hills with a K-point of at least .",
"The first ski flying hill was built in Planica in Slovenia.",
"In 1936, the FIS started to regulate the construction of the jumping hills and issued international standards for their construction and maintenance.",
"Back then, it was forbidden to build a ski jumping hill which made it possible to make jumps longer than 80 meters.",
"Nevertheless the first-ever ski flying hill was built in Planica, Slovenia.",
"It took several more years before competitions on this hill were approved by FIS.",
"The \"father\" of ski flying is Janez Gorišek, an engineer, sportsman and enthusiastic sport-promoter who designed the Planica ski-jump.",
"There are five ski flying hills in the world today: Vikersundbakken in Vikersund, Norway; Oberstdorf, Germany; Kulm Austria; Letalnica, Planica, Slovenia; and Harrachov, Czech Republic.",
"A sixth hill, Copper Peak in the western Upper Peninsula of Michigan, is currently disused, although there are plans to rebuild it to FIS standards.",
"There are plans for more ski flying hills, even for an indoor ski flying hill in Ylitornio, Finland.",
"The biggest hill is Vikersundbakken in Vikersund.",
"Jumps of more than have occurred at all ski flying hills.",
"The current World Record is , set by Norwegian Johan Remen Evensen at Vikersund in 2011.",
"The \"Fédération Internationale de Ski\" (FIS) Ski flying World Championships started in 1972 and occur biennially.",
"The 2010 FIS World Championships in ski flying were organised in Planica, and in 2012 the FIS World Championships took place in Vikersund, Norway.1992, 1994, 1996, 1998 \"Ski flying World Championships\" individual day event wins in two series also counted as an individual \"World Cup\" win."
] |
[
3
] |
Premier events
|
When was the first tiering system in women's tennis introduced?
|
Tennis
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
7
] |
[
"Women's tournament structure.",
"Premier events.",
"Premier events for women form the most prestigious level of events on the Women's Tennis Association Tour after the Grand Slam tournaments.",
"These events offer the largest rewards in terms of points and prize money.",
"Within the Premier category are Premier Mandatory, Premier 5, and Premier tournaments.",
"The Premier events were introduced in 2009 replacing the previous Tier I and II tournament categories.",
"Currently four tournaments are Premier Mandatory, five tournaments are Premier 5, and twelve tournaments are Premier.",
"The first tiering system in women's tennis was introduced in 1988.",
"At the time of its creation, only two tournaments, the Lipton International Players Championships in Florida and the German Open in Berlin, comprised the Tier I category."
] |
[
2
] |
Administrative divisions
|
How does Austria divide its states?
|
Austria
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
1,
2
] |
[
"As a federal republic, Austria is divided into nine states ().",
"These states are then divided into districts () and statutory cities ().",
"Districts are subdivided into municipalities ().",
"Statutory Cities have the competencies otherwise granted to both districts and municipalities.",
"The states are not mere administrative divisions but have some legislative authority distinct from the federal government, e.g.",
"in matters of culture, social care, youth and nature protection, hunting, building, and zoning ordinances.",
"In recent years, it has been discussed whether today it is appropriate for a small country to maintain ten parliaments."
] |
[
5
] |
Plot
|
What age is Scott Howard?
|
Teen Wolf
| true | 1TV
|
[
0
] |
[
"Seventeen-year-old high school student Scott Howard is sick of being average and wishing he were special.",
"His father runs a local hardware store.",
"Scott plays basketball for his high school's team, the Beavers, with a not-so-good win-loss record.",
"The girl of his dreams, Pamela Wells, is dating Mick McAllister, a jerk from an opposing high school team, the Dragons.",
"After another of the team's losses, Scott begins to notice strange changes to his body.",
"While at a party, Scott keeps undergoing changes and eventually he returns home, locks himself in the bathroom, and undergoes a complete change and becomes a werewolf, while his father demands that he open the door.",
"He tries to refuse, only to finally give in and find his father has also transformed.",
"Harold never told his son about the condition because \"sometimes it skips a generation\" and he was hoping it would not happen to Scott.",
"Scott accidentally reveals his transformation to the public at one of his basketball games.",
"After momentarily stunning the crowd with The Wolf, Scott goes on to amaze them with his basketball skills.",
"Scott subsequently learns to use his family \"curse\" to gain popularity at school, becoming the team's star basketball player, and learns to transform at will between his normal self and The Wolf.",
"His team goes from last to first, and Scott begins spending most of his time at school as The Wolf.",
"He also wins the interest of Pamela while ignoring the affections of his best friend, Boof, who has loved him since childhood.",
"One night at a school dance, however, he gets into a confrontation with Mick causing Scott to become The Wolf and claw Mick.",
"Though Mick isn't seriously injured, the crowd starts looking at Scott as a monster rather than the cool basketball star he had become.",
"The conclusion of the film finds Scott playing in the championship basketball game as himself against Mick's team.",
"During the game Mick constantly fouls Scott leading Scott to remind him if he keeps fouling he will be benched.",
"Mick fouls him one last time leading Scott to shoot two free throws.",
"He makes both baskets putting the Beavers ahead and wins the game.",
"While Scott is being carried by the crowd, Pamela walks over to him, but he snubs her and runs over to Boof where they kiss.",
"Mick goes to get Pamela, who now has lost interest in the former basketball hero.",
"The last scene shows Scott, Boof, and Mr. Howard embracing as the whole school celebrates."
] |
[
0
] |
Original theatrical run
|
What was the highest-grossing film in North America in 1994?
|
The Lion King
| true | 6MOVIES
|
[
8
] |
[
"",
"\"The Lion King\" had a limited release in North America on June 15, 1994, playing in only two theaters, El Capitan Theater in Los Angeles and Radio City Music Hall in New York City.",
"It still earned $1,586,753 across the weekend of June 17–19, standing at the tenth place of the box office ranking.",
"The average of $793,377 per theater stands as the largest ever achieved during a weekend.",
"The wide release followed on June 24, 1994, in 2,550 screens.",
"The digital surround sound of the film led many of those theater to implement Dolby Laboratories' newest sound systems.",
"\"The Lion King\" grossed $40.9 million – which at the time was the fourth biggest opening weekend earning ever and the highest sum for a Disney film – to top the weekend box office.",
"It also earned a rare \"A+\" rating from CinemaScore.",
"By the end of its theatrical run, in spring 1995, it had earned $312,855,561, being the second-highest-grossing 1994 film in North America behind \"Forrest Gump\".",
"Outside North America, it earned $455.8 million during its initial run, for a worldwide total of $768.6 million."
] |
[
0
] |
First version
|
Who was painted in the portrait labeled "The Poet"?
|
Bedroom in Arles
| false | 3ART
|
[
18
] |
[
"Van Gogh started the first version during mid October 1888 while staying in Arles, and explained his aims and means to his brother Theo:",
"\"This time it simply reproduces my bedroom; but colour must be abundant in this part, its simplification adding a rank of grandee to the style applied to the objects, getting to suggest a certain rest or dream.",
"Well, I have thought that on watching the composition we stop thinking and imagining.",
"I have painted the walls pale violet.",
"The ground with checked material.",
"The wooden bed and the chairs, yellow like fresh butter; the sheet and the pillows, lemon light green.",
"The bedspread, scarlet coloured.",
"The window, green.",
"The washbasin, orangey; the tank, blue.",
"The doors, lilac.",
"And, that is all.",
"There is not anything else in this room with closed shutters.",
"The square pieces of furniture must express unswerving rest; also the portraits on the wall, the mirror, the bottle, and some costumes.",
"The white colour has not been applied to the picture, so its frame will be white, aimed to get me even with the compulsory rest recommended for me.",
"I have depicted no type of shade or shadow; I have only applied simple plain colours, like those in crêpes.",
"\"",
"Van Gogh included sketches of the composition in this letter as well as in a letter to Gauguin, written slightly later.",
"This version has on the wall to the right miniatures of Van Gogh's portraits of his friends Eugène Boch and Paul-Eugène Milliet.",
"The portrait of Eugène Boch is called \"The Poet\" and the portrait of Paul Eugène Milliet is called \"The Lover.\""
] |
[
3
] |
Oxidation and reduction
|
How many electrons are lost by sodium metal in a redox reaction?
|
Chemical reaction
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
7
] |
[
"Redox reactions can be understood in terms of transfer of electrons from one involved species (reducing agent) to another (oxidizing agent).",
"In this process, the former species is \"oxidized\" and the latter is \"reduced\".",
"Though sufficient for many purposes, these descriptions are not precisely correct.",
"Oxidation is better defined as an increase in oxidation state, and reduction as a decrease in oxidation state.",
"In practice, the transfer of electrons will always change the oxidation state, but there are many reactions that are classed as \"redox\" even though no electron transfer occurs (such as those involving covalent bonds).",
"In the following redox reaction, hazardous sodium metal reacts with toxic chlorine gas to form the ionic compound sodium chloride, or common table salt:",
"formula_21",
"In the reaction, sodium metal goes from an oxidation state of 0 (as it is a pure element) to +1: in other words, the sodium lost one electron and is said to have been oxidized.",
"On the other hand, the chlorine gas goes from an oxidation of 0 (it is also a pure element) to -1: the chlorine gains one electron and is said to have been reduced.",
"Because the chlorine is the one reduced, it is considered the electron acceptor, or in other words, induces oxidation in the sodium - thus the chlorine gas is considered the oxidizing agent.",
"Conversely, the sodium is oxidized or is the electron donor, and thus induces reduction in the other species and is considered the \"reducing agent\".",
"Which of the involved reactants would be reducing or oxidizing agent can be predicted from the electronegativity of their elements.",
"Elements with low electronegativity, such as most metals, easily donate electrons and oxidize – they are reducing agents.",
"On the contrary, many ions with high oxidation numbers, such as , , , , can gain one or two extra electrons and are strong oxidizing agents.",
"The number of electrons donated or accepted in a redox reaction can be predicted from the electron configuration of the reactant element.",
"Elements try to reach the low-energy noble gas configuration, and therefore alkali metals and halogens will donate and accept one electron respectively.",
"Noble gases themselves are chemically inactive.",
"An important class of redox reactions are the electrochemical reactions, where electrons from the power supply are used as the reducing agent.",
"These reactions are particularly important for the production of chemical elements, such as chlorine or aluminium.",
"The reverse process in which electrons are released in redox reactions and can be used as electrical energy is possible and used in batteries."
] |
[
5
] |
Military
|
What have the military done since independence?
|
Nigeria
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
2
] |
[
"The Nigerian Military are charged with protecting The Federal Republic of Nigeria, promoting Nigeria's global security interests, and supporting peacekeeping efforts especially in West Africa.",
"The Nigerian Military consist of an army, a navy and an air force.",
"The military in Nigeria have played a major role in the country's history since independence.",
"Various juntas have seized control of the country and ruled it through most of its history.",
"Its last period of rule ended in 1999 following the sudden death of former dictator Sani Abacha in 1998, with his successor, Abdulsalam Abubakar, handing over power to the democratically elected government of Olusegun Obasanjo in 1999.",
"Taking advantage of its role as Africa's most populated country, Nigeria has repositioned its military as an African peacekeeping force.",
"Since 1995, the Nigerian military through ECOMOG mandates have been deployed as peacekeepers in Liberia (1997), Ivory Coast (1997–1999), Sierra Leone 1997–1999, and presently in Sudan's Darfur region under an African Union mandate."
] |
[
0
] |
FBI
|
Why did Atta have to check two of his bags?
|
September 11 attacks
| true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
4
] |
[
"Immediately after the attacks, the Federal Bureau of Investigation started PENTTBOM, the largest criminal inquiry in the history of the United States.",
"At its height, more than half of the FBI's agents worked on the investigation and followed a half-million leads.",
"The FBI concluded that there was \"clear and irrefutable\" evidence linking al-Qaeda and bin Laden to the attacks.",
"The FBI was quickly able to identify the hijackers, including leader Mohamed Atta, when his luggage was discovered at Boston's Logan Airport.",
"Atta had been forced to check two of his three bags due to space limitations on the 19-seat commuter flight he took to Boston.",
"Due to a new policy instituted to prevent flight delays, the luggage failed to make it aboard American Airlines Flight 11 as planned.",
"The luggage contained the hijackers' names, assignments and al-Qaeda connections.",
"\"It had all these Arab-language (sic) papers that amounted to the Rosetta stone of the investigation\", said one FBI agent.",
"Within hours of the attacks, the FBI released the names and in many cases the personal details of the suspected pilots and hijackers.",
"By midday, the U.S. National Security Agency and German intelligence agencies had intercepted communications pointing to Osama bin Laden.",
"On September 27, 2001, the FBI released photos of the 19 hijackers, along with information about possible nationalities and aliases.",
"Fifteen of the men were from Saudi Arabia, two from the United Arab Emirates, one (Atta) from Egypt, and one from Lebanon."
] |
[
1
] |
"Hatfill v. Ashcroft"
|
Who was accused as a suspect in the anthrax attacks of 2001?
|
Person of interest
| true | 1TV
|
[
0
] |
[
"The use of the term became widely critiqued when United States Attorney General John Ashcroft used it in a press conference when asked if Dr. Steven J. Hatfill was a suspect in the 2001 anthrax attacks case.",
"In 2002, Hatfill's attorney filed a complaint with the Justice Department's Office of Professional Responsibility, arguing that \"the term is not recognized in law or criminal procedure and that Ashcroft did not have the right 'to preside over the public shredding of life.",
"This is un-American.",
"Mr. Ashcroft owes Dr. Hatfill an apology.",
"The case was settled in 2008 for $5.8 million."
] |
[
3
] |
Inside the UK
|
What country still plays Ba Game around Christmas and Hogmanay?
|
Football
| true | 4SPORT
|
[
8,
9,
10,
11
] |
[
" The Haxey Hood, played on Epiphany in Haxey, Lincolnshire",
" Shrove Tuesday games",
"* Scoring the Hales in Alnwick, Northumberland",
"* Royal Shrovetide Football in Ashbourne, Derbyshire",
"* The Shrovetide Ball Game in Atherstone, Warwickshire",
"* The Shrove Tuesday Football Ceremony of the Purbeck Marblers in Corfe Castle, Dorset",
"* Hurling the Silver Ball at St Columb Major in Cornwall",
"* The Ball Game in Sedgefield, County Durham",
" In Scotland the Ba game (\"Ball Game\") is still popular around Christmas and Hogmanay at:",
"* Duns, Berwickshire",
"* Scone, Perthshire",
"* Kirkwall in the Orkney Islands"
] |
[
0
] |
Cable
|
What was the ranking of the show NCIS for the week ending March 1, 2009?
|
NCIS (TV series)
| true | 1TV
|
[
1
] |
[
" The show ranked number eighteen (4.793 million viewers) in the list of Nielsen ratings top twenty most-watched cable shows for the week ending January 25, 2009.",
" The show ranked number ten (4.535 million viewers), twelve (4.264 million viewers), thirteen (4.221 million viewers), fifteen (4,161 million viewers), seventeen (4.132 million viewers), and twenty (4.081 million viewers) in the list of Nielsen ratings top twenty most-watched cable shows for the week ending March 1, 2009.",
" The show ranked sixteen (4.091 million viewers), seventeen (4.084 million viewers), eighteen (4.072 million viewers), and twenty (4.006 million viewers) in the list of Nielsen ratings top twenty most-watched cable shows for the week ending March 29, 2009.",
" The show ranked number five (4.492 million viewers), six (4.467 million viewers), eight (4.394 million viewers), nine (4.214 million viewers), fifteen (3.962 million viewers), and seventeen (3.8.58 million viewers) in the list of Nielsen ratings top twenty most-watched cable shows for the week ending May 3, 2009.",
" The show ranked number three (4.82 million viewers), six (4.38 million viewers), ten (3.82 million viewers), eleven (3.88 million viewers), and fourteen (3.87 million viewers) in the list of Nielsen ratings top fifteen most-watched cable shows for the week ending November 1, 2009.",
"2/25/13 to 3/03/13 [http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-03-05/u-s-cable-television-ratings-for-the-week-ended-march-3.html]"
] |
[
0
] |
Tourism
|
What is Bahía de La Concepción known for?
|
Mexico
| false | 5COUNTRY
|
[
18
] |
[
"Mexico has been traditionally among the most visited countries in the world according to the World Tourism Organization and it is the most visited country in the Americas, after the United States.",
"The most notable attractions are the Meso-American ruins, cultural festivals, colonial cities, nature reserves and the beach resorts.",
"The nation's temperate climate and unique culture – a fusion of the European and the Meso-American – make Mexico an attractive destination.",
"The peak tourism seasons in the country are during December and the mid-Summer, with brief surges during the week before Easter and Spring break, when many of the beach resort sites become popular destinations for college students from the United States.",
"Mexico has the 23rd highest income from tourism in the world, and the highest in Latin America.",
"The vast majority of tourists come to Mexico from the United States and Canada followed by Europe and Asia.",
"A smaller number also come from other Latin American countries.",
"In the 2011 Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index report, Mexico was ranked 43rd in the world, which was 4th in the Americas .",
"The coastlines of Mexico harbor many stretches of beaches that are frequented by sun bathers and other visitors.",
"On the Yucatán peninsula, one of the most popular beach destinations is the resort town of Cancún, especially among university students during spring break.",
"Just offshore is the beach island of Isla Mujeres, and to the east is the Isla Holbox.",
"To the south of Cancun is the coastal strip called Riviera Maya which includes the beach town of Playa del Carmen and the ecological parks of Xcaret and Xel-Há.",
"A day trip to the south of Cancún is the historic port of Tulum.",
"In addition to its beaches, the town of Tulum is notable for its cliff-side Mayan ruins.",
"On the Pacific coast is the notable tourist destination of Acapulco.",
"Once the destination for the rich and famous, the beaches have become crowded and the shores are now home to many multi-story hotels and vendors.",
"Acapulco is home to renowned cliff divers: trained divers who leap from the side of a vertical cliff into the surf below.",
"At the southern tip of the Baja California peninsula is the resort town of Cabo San Lucas, a town noted for its beaches and marlin fishing.",
"Further north along the Sea of Cortés is the Bahía de La Concepción, another beach town known for its sports fishing.",
"Closer to the United States border is the weekend draw of San Felipe, Baja California."
] |
[
0
] |
Swarmer/in-fighter
|
How can the essence of a swarmer be described?
|
Boxing
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
4
] |
[
"In-fighters/swarmers (sometimes called \"pressure fighters\") attempt to stay close to an opponent, throwing intense flurries and combinations of hooks and uppercuts.",
"A successful in-fighter often needs a good \"chin\" because swarming usually involves being hit with many jabs before they can maneuver inside where they are more effective.",
"In-fighters operate best at close range because they are generally shorter and have less reach than their opponents and thus are more effective at a short distance where the longer arms of their opponents make punching awkward.",
"However, several fighters tall for their division have been relatively adept at in-fighting as well as out-fighting.",
"The essence of a swarmer is non-stop aggression.",
"Many short in-fighters utilize their stature to their advantage, employing a bob-and-weave defense by bending at the waist to slip underneath or to the sides of incoming punches.",
"Unlike blocking, causing an opponent to miss a punch disrupts his balance, permits forward movement past the opponent's extended arm and keeps the hands free to counter.",
"A distinct advantage that in-fighters have is when throwing uppercuts where they can channel their entire bodyweight behind the punch; Mike Tyson was famous for throwing devastating uppercuts.",
"Marvin Hagler was known for his hard \"chin\", punching power, body attack and the stalking of his opponents.",
"Some in-fighters, like Mike Tyson, have been known for being notoriously hard to hit.",
"The key to a swarmer is aggression, endurance, chin, and bobbing-and-weaving.",
"Notable in-fighters include Julio César Chávez, Miguel Cotto, Joe Frazier, Danny García, Mike Tyson, Manny Pacquiao, Saúl Álvarez, Rocky Marciano, Jack Dempsey, Wayne McCullough, Harry Greb, David Tua and Ricky Hatton."
] |
[
5
] |
Awards and nominations
|
Was an AFIA award given to "Gilmore Girls"?
|
Gilmore Girls
| true | 1TV
|
[
1
] |
[
"",
"\"Gilmore Girls\" received an American Film Institute Award and two Viewers For Quality Television Awards, and was named New Program of the Year by the Television Critics Association.",
"The show won an Emmy for its only nomination: 2004's Outstanding Makeup for a Series for the episode \"The Festival of Living Art\".",
"The show's actors have received many awards for their work on the series.",
"Graham won two Family Television Awards, and she won Teen Choice Award for Best TV Mom twice.",
"Alexis Bledel won a Young Artist Award and a Family Television Award.",
"The series also won a Family Television Award for New Series, and was named Best Family TV Drama Series by the Young Artist Awards."
] |
[] |
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